FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Simon, H Baker, KR Phillips, S AF Simon, Heather Baker, Kirk R. Phillips, Sharon TI Compilation and interpretation of photochemical model performance statistics published between 2006 and 2012 SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Model performance evaluation; CMAQ; CAMx; Particulate matter; Ozone; Wet deposition; Operational evaluation; PM2.5; Mercury ID AIR-QUALITY MODELS; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY DEPOSITION; EXPLICIT MICROPHYSICS SCHEMES; HORIZONTAL GRID RESOLUTIONS; CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; CMAQ MODEL; PARTICULATE MATTER; PART II; WET DEPOSITION AB Regulatory and scientific applications of photochemical models are typically evaluated by comparing model estimates to measured values. It is important to compare quantitative model performance metrics to a benchmark or other studies to provide confidence in the modeling results. Since strict model performance guidelines may not be appropriate for many applications, model evaluations presented in recent literature have been compiled to provide a general assessment of model performance over a broad range of modeling systems, modeling periods, intended use, and spatial scales. Operational model performance is compiled for ozone, total PM2.5, speciated PM2.5, and wet deposition of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and mercury. The common features of the model performance compiled from literature are photochemical models that have been applied over the United States or Canada and use modeling platforms intended to generally support research, regulatory or forecasting applications. A total of 69 peer-reviewed articles which include operational model evaluations and were published between 2006 and March 2012 are compiled to summarize typical model performance. The range of reported performance is presented in graphical and tabular form to provide context for operational performance evaluation of future photochemical model applications. In addition, recommendations are provided regarding which performance metrics are most useful for comparing model applications and the best approaches to match model estimates and observations in time and space for the purposes of metric aggregations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Simon, Heather; Baker, Kirk R.; Phillips, Sharon] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Simon, H (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM simon.heather@epa.gov RI simon, heather/E-4392-2011 OI simon, heather/0000-0001-7254-3360 NR 95 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 7 U2 85 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 61 BP 124 EP 139 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.012 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 038QA UT WOS:000311188000014 ER PT J AU Bereznicki, SD Sobus, JR Vette, AF Stiegel, MA Williams, RW AF Bereznicki, Sarah D. Sobus, Jon R. Vette, Alan F. Stiegel, Matthew A. Williams, Ron W. TI Assessing spatial and temporal variability of VOCs and PM-components in outdoor air during the Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE DEARS; Elements; VOCs; Spatial variability; Temporal variability; Mixed models ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CENTRAL SITE; RESIDENTIAL OUTDOOR; PERSONAL EXPOSURE; INDOOR; PM2.5; POLLUTION; PROXIMITY AB Exposure models for air pollutants often adjust for effects of the physical environment (e.g., season, urban vs. rural populations) in order to improve exposure and risk predictions. Yet attempts are seldom made to attribute variability in observed outdoor air measurements to specific environmental variables. This research presents a statistical strategy to identify and explain the spatial and temporal components of air pollutant measurement variance using regional predictors and large-scale (with impacts over multiple kilometers of distance) emission source effects. The emission sources considered in this investigation include major highways and industries, and were chosen based on their proximity to monitoring areas designated in the Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS). Linear mixed effects models were used to investigate 24-h averaged outdoor residential air measurements of several pollutants, including PM2.5 mass, PM components (elemental carbon, organic carbon, metals, elements), nitrogen dioxide, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Three hierarchal statistical models were utilized to calculate and examine variance component estimates for each analyte before and after adjustment for fixed effects, which included sampling season, day of the week, air concentrations at an ambient (centralized) monitoring site, and the frequency of time a receptor was downwind of specific large-emissions sources. Results indicate that temporal variability accounted for the majority of total measurement variance (90% on average). Adjustments for ambient concentration and sampling season significantly reduced temporal variance estimates for most VOCs and for about half of the PM components (generally with reductions of 24-97%). Major exceptions to this trend were found with metals (Fe, Mn, and Zn), ethyltoluene, and p-dichlorobenzene, where only 4-30% of the temporal variance was explained after the same adjustments. Additional reductions in temporal variance (up to 37%) were observed after adjusting for the large-emission sources and day of the week effects, with the strongest effects observed for PM components, including select metals. Thus, for the Detroit airshed, VOCs appear to have been largely affected by regional factors, whereas PM components were explained by both regional factors and localized large-emissions sources. Examination of the radial directions associated with suspected emission sources generally supported a priori expectations of source analyte associations (e.g.. NO2 increases from areas of high vehicle traffic). Overall, this investigation presents a statistical multi-pollutant analysis strategy that is useful for simultaneously (1) estimating spatial and temporal variance components of outdoor air pollutant measurements, (2) estimating the effects of regional variables on pollutant levels, and (3) identifying likely emissions sources that may affect outdoor air levels of individual or co-occurring pollutants. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bereznicki, Sarah D.; Sobus, Jon R.; Vette, Alan F.; Williams, Ron W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stiegel, Matthew A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Bereznicki, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bereznicki.sarah@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [68-D-00-012, EP-D-04-068, 68-d-00-206, EP-05-D-065] FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and conducted the research described here under contract 68-D-00-012 (RTI International), EP-D-04-068 (Battelle Columbus), 68-d-00-206 and EP-05-D-065 (Alion Sciences). It has-been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Carry Croghan (US EPA) is acknowledged for her efforts in developing the assembled databases used in this effort and Karen Oliver (US EPA) for her laboratory contributions. Field data collections performed by Charles Rodes and Jonathan Thornburg and the staff of RTI International are greatly appreciated. Hunter Daughtrey, Dennis Williams and Herb Jacumen of Alion Science and Technology are acknowledged for their laboratory contributions. Finally, Kristen Foley, David Holland, and Linda Sheldon of the US EPA, and Amy Herring and Josh Warren of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill are acknowledged for their helpful reviews of this manuscript. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 61 BP 159 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.008 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 038QA UT WOS:000311188000017 ER PT J AU Williams, R Rappold, AG Case, M Schmitt, M Stone, S Jones, P Thornburg, J Devlin, RB AF Williams, Ron Rappold, Ana G. Case, Martin Schmitt, Mike Stone, Susan Jones, Paul Thornburg, Jonathan Devlin, Robert B. TI Multi-pollutant exposures in an asthmatic cohort SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Personal exposure; MASAES; Coarse particulate matter; Nitrogen dioxide; Ozone ID PARTICULATE MATTER EXPOSURES; AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; RESIDENTIAL OUTDOOR; PERSONAL EXPOSURES; FINE PARTICLES; UNITED-STATES; INDOOR; OZONE; NO2; VARIABILITY AB An investigation of personal fine and coarse particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10-2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2). and ozone (O-3) exposures was conducted with an adult asthmatic cohort as part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Moderate and Severe Asthmatics and their Environment Study (MASAES). The overall goal of the MASAES was to determine the association of particulate matter on the degree of resulting lung inflammation, with those having severe asthma hypothesized to be more highly susceptible to such outcomes. The primary exposure objective was to determine the spatial (personal versus ambient) and temporal relationships associated with the aforementioned air pollutants and establish the precision of a new dual PM2.5, PM10-2.5 monitor (CPEM) for personal exposure monitoring. A total of 16 non-smoking adults of various asthma severities were monitored over the course of a 14 month period during 2008-2009. Participants were monitored for 24 continuous hours each monitoring day with a maximum of five events per participant. Median personal PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 exposures were 16.5 and 10.1 mu g m(-3), respectively. Daily ambient mass concentrations accounted for less than 1% of the observed variability in personal PM2.5 or PM10-2.5 exposures. Duplicate personal measures yielded R-2 values of 0.92 PM2.5 and 0.77 PM10-2.5, respectively. Maximum daily personal exposures of 17.0 ppb NO2 and 21.7 ppb O-3 occurred with respective mean exposures of 5.8 and 3.4 ppb. Ambient NO2 and O-3 measures were observed to be poorly associated with personal exposures (R-2 < 0.08) when viewed independent of the participant. The poor correlation between personal and ambient concentrations of PM as well as the various gaseous copollutants indicates the complexity of the multi-pollutant environment and the impact of non-ambient sources on these pollutants relative to total personal exposures. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Williams, Ron; Rappold, Ana G.; Case, Martin; Schmitt, Mike; Stone, Susan; Jones, Paul; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Thornburg, Jonathan] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27707 USA. RP Williams, R (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM williams.ronald@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; U.S., Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [CR83346301]; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's review and is approved for publication. This study was funded by the U.S., Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through cooperative agreement CR83346301 with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 61 BP 244 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.049 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 038QA UT WOS:000311188000026 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Chemical processes and sustainability SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2012 VL 14 IS 6 SI SI BP 1023 EP 1028 DI 10.1007/s10098-012-0542-x PG 6 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 032TF UT WOS:000310741300003 ER PT J AU Rehr, AP Small, MJ Bradley, P Fisher, WS Vega, A Black, K Stockton, T AF Rehr, Amanda P. Small, Mitchell J. Bradley, Patricia Fisher, William S. Vega, Ann Black, Kelly Stockton, Tom TI A Decision Support Framework for Science-Based, Multi-Stakeholder Deliberation: A Coral Reef Example SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Decision support framework; Environmental decision making; Environmental management; Multiple stakeholders; Elicitation; Scientific input; Valuation; Ecosystem services; DPSIR ID OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; FLORIDA-KEYS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MANAGEMENT; VALUATION; VALUES; PARTICIPATION; RESOLUTION; SYSTEM AB We present a decision support framework for science-based assessment and multi-stakeholder deliberation. The framework consists of two parts: a DPSIR (Drivers-Pressures-States-Impacts-Responses) analysis to identify the important causal relationships among anthropogenic environmental stressors, processes, and outcomes; and a Decision Landscape analysis to depict the legal, social, and institutional dimensions of environmental decisions. The Decision Landscape incorporates interactions among government agencies, regulated businesses, non-government organizations, and other stakeholders. It also identifies where scientific information regarding environmental processes is collected and transmitted to improve knowledge about elements of the DPSIR and to improve the scientific basis for decisions. Our application of the decision support framework to coral reef protection and restoration in the Florida Keys focusing on anthropogenic stressors, such as wastewater, proved to be successful and offered several insights. Using information from a management plan, it was possible to capture the current state of the science with a DPSIR analysis as well as important decision options, decision makers and applicable laws with a the Decision Landscape analysis. A structured elicitation of values and beliefs conducted at a coral reef management workshop held in Key West, Florida provided a diversity of opinion and also indicated a prioritization of several environmental stressors affecting coral reef health. The integrated DPSIR/Decision landscape framework for the Florida Keys developed based on the elicited opinion and the DPSIR analysis can be used to inform management decisions, to reveal the role that further scientific information and research might play to populate the framework, and to facilitate better-informed agreement among participants. C1 S Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil Environm Engn & Engn Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Atlant Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res & Dev, S Environm Protect Agcy, Key West, FL 33040 USA. Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res & Dev, S Environm Protect Agcy, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. Natl Risk Management Res Lab, LRPCD RRB, Res & Dev, S Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rehr, Amanda P.] US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Small, Mitchell J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Small, Mitchell J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Bradley, Patricia] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Florida Keys Natl Marine Sanctuary,Off Res & Dev, Key West, FL 33040 USA. [Fisher, William S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Vega, Ann] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, LRPCD RRB, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Black, Kelly] Neptune & Co Inc, Lakewood, CO 80215 USA. [Stockton, Tom] Neptune & Co Inc, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Rehr, AP (reprint author), US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. EM pearlgrl@gmail.com NR 77 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1204 EP 1218 DI 10.1007/s00267-012-9941-3 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 040BA UT WOS:000311292800019 PM 23052473 ER PT J AU Yassine, MH Wu, SY Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Yassine, Mohamad H. Wu, Shuyun Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Microtox aquatic toxicity of petrodiesel and biodiesel blends: The role of biodiesel's autoxidation products SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aquatic toxicity; Biodiesel; Petrodiesel; Fatty acid methyl esters-autoxidation-byproducts; Aromatic compounds ID WATER PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; FATTY-ACID ESTERS; METHYL-ESTER; PETROLEUM AB The acute Microtox toxicity of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of six commercial soybean biodiesel/petrodiesel blends was investigated at different oil loads. We analyzed five fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), C10C24 n-alkanes, four aromatics, methanol, and total organic carbon (TOC) content. At high oil loads, the WAFs' toxicity was significantly higher for blends containing biodiesel. At the lowest load, the WAFs' toxicity decreased almost linearly with decreasing biodiesel in the blend. At intermediate loads, the WAFs of all the blends appeared to have a similar toxicity. Analysis of WAFs confirmed the presence of autoxidation byproducts of FAMEs at high oil loads. Pure unsaturated FAMEs and n-alkanes were nontoxic when present in water at their reported solubility limits. However, 24-h equilibrated WAFs of pure FAMEs were highly toxic for C18:1 and C18:3, but not for C18:2. The authors concluded that at high oil loads, the acute toxicity of the WAFs was caused by FAMEs' autoxidation byproducts, whereas at low oil loads, the toxicity appeared to be caused primarily by the aromatic compounds present in petrodiesel. The addition of a synthetic antioxidant in biodiesel did not appear to affect the concentration of autoxidation byproducts in the WAF but resulted in a slight decrease in its toxicity. The major autoxidation byproducts identified in the WAF of commercial biodiesel were present neither in the WAFs of pure unsaturated FAMEs nor in the WAF of a different soybean biodiesel that was transesterified in our laboratory, which was nontoxic. We concluded that the process of transesterification of biodiesel might be a more critical factor in determining the aquatic toxicity of the fuel than the source of feedstock itself. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 27572762. (c) 2012 SETAC C1 [Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut, Lebanon. [Yassine, Mohamad H.; Wu, Shuyun] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Div, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut, Lebanon. EM msuidan@aub.edu.lb RI Yassine, Mohamad/C-1782-2016 OI Yassine, Mohamad/0000-0002-6813-4799 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency Oil Spill Program, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division [EP-C-11-006] FX The present study was supported, in part, by the United States Environmental Protection Agency Oil Spill Program, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, under Contract No. EP-C-11-006, Work Assignment 1-19. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 12 BP 2757 EP 2762 DI 10.1002/etc.2001 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 040AO UT WOS:000311291200012 PM 22949027 ER PT J AU Racovan, M Walitt, B Collins, CE Pettinger, M Parks, CG Shikany, JM Wactawski-Wende, J Manson, JE Moreland, L Wright, N Jackson, R Howard, BV AF Racovan, Marius Walitt, Brian Collins, Christopher E. Pettinger, Mary Parks, Christine G. Shikany, James M. Wactawski-Wende, Jean Manson, JoAnn E. Moreland, Larry Wright, Nicole Jackson, Rebecca Howard, Barbara V. TI Calcium and vitamin D supplementation and incident rheumatoid arthritis: the Women's Health Initiative Calcium plus Vitamin D trial SO RHEUMATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Calcium; Vitamin D; Clinical trial; Rheumatoid arthritis; Postmenopause ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; RISK; CANCER; COHORT AB To determine whether calcium plus vitamin D supplementation (CaD) affects incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Participants enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative CaD trial (n = 36,282) were randomized to 1,000 mg calcium carbonate plus 400 IU of vitamin D-3 daily or to placebo. Incident RA cases were identified via self-report and validated rheumatic medication use. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare RA incidence in the treatment versus placebo groups. The analysis included 32,435 women without the history of RA, of which 163 incident RA cases were identified over an average of 5.1 years. No significant differences in demographics, total personal vitamin D intake [P = 0.36], or solar irradiance [P = 0.68] were seen between the groups. In intention-to-treat analyses, no differences were observed in RA incidence [HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.76, 1.41]. No significant modifying effects were seen for stratum of age, solar irradiance, or total vitamin D intake, overall or when adjusted for adherence. Significant effect modifications were seen between CaD and total vitamin D intake and CaD and solar irradiance that suggest increased RA incidence with high vitamin D exposure. CaD supplementation did not demonstrate a significant effect on RA incidence in postmenopausal women. Modifying effects between CaD and both solar irradiance and dietary vitamin D intake are suggestive that multiple high vitamin D exposures may increase RA incidence. Further research is needed to fully explore the benefits and possible adverse effects of vitamin D supplementation on RA. C1 [Racovan, Marius; Walitt, Brian; Collins, Christopher E.] Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Pettinger, Mary] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Parks, Christine G.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Shikany, James M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Wactawski-Wende, Jean] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Manson, JoAnn E.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Moreland, Larry] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Wright, Nicole] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Jackson, Rebecca] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Howard, Barbara V.] MedStar Hlth Res Inst, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Walitt, B (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, 110 Irving St, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM Brian.t.walitt@medstar.net OI Parks, Christine/0000-0002-5734-3456 NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0172-8172 J9 RHEUMATOL INT JI Rheumatol. Int. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 32 IS 12 BP 3823 EP 3830 DI 10.1007/s00296-011-2268-1 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 043AS UT WOS:000311515600017 PM 22190273 ER PT J AU Starr, JM Scollon, EJ Hughes, MF Ross, DG Graham, SE Crofton, KM Wolansky, MJ DeVito, MJ Tornero-Velez, R AF Starr, James M. Scollon, Edward J. Hughes, Michael F. Ross, David G. Graham, Stephen E. Crofton, Kevin M. Wolansky, Marcelo J. DeVito, Michael J. Tornero-Velez, Rogelio TI Environmentally Relevant Mixtures in Cumulative Assessments: An Acute Study of Toxicokinetics and Effects on Motor Activity in Rats Exposed to a Mixture of Pyrethroids SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE pyrethroids; toxicokinetics; cumulative risk; motor activity ID INVITRO COVALENT BINDING; IN-VITRO METABOLISM; HEPATIC PROTEINS; CARE-CENTERS; DELTAMETHRIN; PERMETHRIN; HYDROLYSIS; CISMETHRIN; NEUROTOXICITY; BIORESMETHRIN AB Due to extensive use, human exposure to multiple pyrethroid insecticides occurs frequently. Studies of pyrethroid neurotoxicity suggest a common mode of toxicity and that pyrethroids should be considered cumulatively to model risk. The objective of this work was to use a pyrethroid mixture that reflects human exposure to common pyrethroids to develop comparative toxicokinetic profiles in rats, and then model the relationship between brain concentration and motor activity. Data from a national survey of child care centers were used to make a mixture reflecting proportions of the most prevalent pyrethroids: permethrin, cypermethrin, -cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, and esfenvalerate. The mixture was administered orally at one of two concentrations (11.2 and 27.4 mg(/)kg) to adult male rats. At intervals from 1 to 24h, motor activity was assessed and the animals were sacrificed. Pyrethroid concentrations were measured in the blood, liver, fat, and brain. After controlling for dose, there were no differences in any tissue concentrations, except blood at the initial time point. Elimination half-lives for all pyrethroids in all tissues were < 7h. Brain concentrations of all pyrethroids (when cis- and trans-permethrin were pooled) at the initial time point were proportional to their relative doses. Decreases in motor activity indicated dose additivity, and the relationship between pyrethroid brain concentration and motor activity was described by a four-parameter sigmoidal E-max model. This study links environmental data with toxicokinetic and neurobehavioral assays to support cumulative risk assessments of pyrethroid pesticides. The results support the additive model of pyrethroid effect on motor activity and suggest that variation in the neurotoxicity of individual pyrethroids is related to toxicodynamic rather than toxicokinetic differences. C1 [Starr, James M.; Tornero-Velez, Rogelio] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Scollon, Edward J.; Hughes, Michael F.; Ross, David G.; Crofton, Kevin M.; Wolansky, Marcelo J.; DeVito, Michael J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Graham, Stephen E.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Starr, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, MD D205-05,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM starr.james@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 55 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 130 IS 2 BP 309 EP 318 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs245 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 040FN UT WOS:000311307600010 PM 22872056 ER PT J AU Cyphert, JM Nyska, A Mahoney, RK Schladweiler, MC Kodavanti, UP Gavett, SH AF Cyphert, Jaime M. Nyska, Abraham Mahoney, Ron K. Schladweiler, Mette C. Kodavanti, Urmila P. Gavett, Stephen H. TI Sumas Mountain Chrysotile Induces Greater Lung Fibrosis in Fischer 344 Rats Than Libby Amphibole, El Dorado Tremolite, and Ontario Ferroactinolite SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Libby amphibole; El Dorado; Sumas Mountain; cleavage fragments; fibrosis ID NATURALLY-OCCURRING ASBESTOS; TERM INHALATION EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; CLEAVAGE FRAGMENTS; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; PATHOLOGICAL RESPONSE; ANATOLIAN VILLAGE; MESOTHELIOMA; VERMICULITE; MONTANA AB The physical properties of different types of asbestos may strongly affect health outcomes in exposed individuals. This study was designed to provide understanding of the comparative toxicity of naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) fibers including Libby amphibole (LA), Sumas Mountain chrysotile (SM), El Dorado tremolite (ED), and Ontario ferroactinolite (ON) cleavage fragments. Rat-respirable fractions (PM2.5) were prepared by water elutriation. Surface area was greater for SM (64.1 m(2)/g) than all other samples (range: 14.116.2 m(2)/g), whereas mean lengths and aspect ratios (ARs) for LA and SM were comparable and greater than ED and ON. Samples were delivered via a single intratracheal (IT) instillation at doses of 0.5 and 1.5mg/rat. One day post-IT instillation, low-dose NOA exposure resulted in a 3- to 4-fold increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cellularity compared with dispersion media (DM) controls, whereas high-dose exposure had a more severe effect on lung inflammation which varied by source. Although inducing less neutrophilic inflammation than ON and ED, exposure to either LA or SM resulted in a greater degree of acute lung injury. Three months post-IT instillation, most BALF parameters had returned to control levels, whereas the development of fibrosis persisted and was greatest in SM-exposed rats (SM > LA > ON > ED). These data demonstrate that fiber length and higher AR are directly correlated with the severity of fibrosis and that, in the rat, exposure to SM is more fibrogenic than LA which suggests that there may be cause for concern for people at risk of being exposed to NOA from the Sumas Mountain landslide. C1 [Cyphert, Jaime M.; Schladweiler, Mette C.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.; Gavett, Stephen H.] US EPA, EPHD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cyphert, Jaime M.] UNC Sch Med, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, IL-36576 Timrat, Israel. [Nyska, Abraham] NIEHS, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mahoney, Ron K.] EMSL Analyt Inc, Libby, MT 59923 USA. RP Gavett, SH (reprint author), US EPA, EPHD, NHEERL, Mail Drop B105-02,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gavett.stephen@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/University of North Carolina [CR 833237, 83515201-0]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Region 8); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response) FX U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/University of North Carolina Toxicology Research Program Training Agreement (CR 833237; 83515201-0 to J.M.C.); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Region 8 and Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response). NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 130 IS 2 BP 405 EP 415 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs249 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 040FN UT WOS:000311307600018 PM 22903825 ER PT J AU Dix, DJ Houck, KA Judson, RS Kleinstreuer, NC Knudsen, TB Martin, MT Reif, DM Richard, AM Shah, I Sipes, NS Kavlock, RJ AF Dix, David J. Houck, Keith A. Judson, Richard S. Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. Knudsen, Thomas B. Martin, Matthew T. Reif, David M. Richard, Ann M. Shah, Imran Sipes, Nisha S. Kavlock, Robert J. TI Incorporating Biological, Chemical, and Toxicological Knowledge Into Predictive Models of Toxicity SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Letter ID ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; VASCULAR DEVELOPMENT; TOXCAST PROGRAM; THROUGHPUT C1 [Dix, David J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Dix, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM dix.david@epa.gov RI Martin, Matthew/A-1982-2013; OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-8096-9908; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767; Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 NR 16 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 130 IS 2 BP 440 EP 441 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs281 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 040FN UT WOS:000311307600021 PM 22982683 ER PT J AU Hankin, SL Weilhoefer, CL Kaldy, JE DeWitt, TH AF Hankin, Shanon L. Weilhoefer, Christine L. Kaldy, James E. DeWitt, Theodore H. TI Sediment Diatom Species and Community Response to Nitrogen Addition in Oregon (USA) Estuarine Tidal Wetlands SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Diatoms; Estuarine tidal wetland; Nitrogen addition; Oregon; Periphyton ID ENGLAND SALT-MARSH; NUTRIENT-ENRICHMENT; MICROALGAL COMMUNITY; WATER; LAKE; SALINITY; MICROPHYTOBENTHOS; INDICATORS; LIMITATION; GRADIENTS AB Sediment microalgae play an important role in nutrient cycling and are important primary producers in the food web in Pacific Northwest estuaries. This study examines the effects of nitrogen addition to benthic microalgae in tidal wetlands of Yaquina Bay estuary on the Oregon coast, USA. Liquid nitrogen fertilizers (0, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 gN/m(2)/wk during the first year of the study, and increased to 0, 15.6, 62.5, and 156 gN/m(2)/wk during the second year of the study) were applied weekly to four salt marshes in Yaquina Bay for two summers (2009 and 2010). Diatom species and community parameters were analyzed in response to nitrogen addition in early and late summer 2010. Nitrogen addition (N) had a significant effect on species composition and community parameters. Amphora spp. and Nitzschia palea were more dominant with higher N, while Navicula gregaria and Navicula phyllepta were more dominant with lower N. Species diversity and richness were significantly higher (p < 0.05) with lower N (3.1 +/- 0.1; 40.0 +/- 3.3) compared with higher N (2.4 +/- 0.5; 34.5 +/- 3.0). NMDS ordination displayed shifts in overall diatom assemblage with time and with N. Results suggest the microalgal communities are limited by nitrogen levels and therefore may be susceptible to changes in nitrogen loading to these systems. C1 [Hankin, Shanon L.] N Cent Coll, Dept Biol, Naperville, IL 60540 USA. [Weilhoefer, Christine L.] Univ Portland, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97203 USA. [Kaldy, James E.; DeWitt, Theodore H.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR USA. RP Hankin, SL (reprint author), N Cent Coll, Dept Biol, Naperville, IL 60540 USA. EM shanon.hankin@gmail.com FU Hatfield Marine Science Center [NSF OCE-1004947]; North Central College FX We thank Matthew McCary and Laura Constantine for their support in the field. The US EPA and North Central College provided lab space and research supplies. Part of this research was performed as a Research Experience for Undergraduates internship at Hatfield Marine Science Center in 2010 grant# NSF OCE-1004947. North Central College also contributed to funding. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2012 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1023 EP 1031 DI 10.1007/s13157-012-0332-6 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 043JT UT WOS:000311540400004 ER PT J AU White, CP Popovici, J Lytle, DA Adcock, NJ Rice, EW AF White, Colin P. Popovici, Jonathan Lytle, Darren A. Adcock, Noreen J. Rice, Eugene W. TI Effect of pH on the Electrophoretic Mobility of Spores of Bacillus anthracis and Its Surrogates in Aqueous Solutions SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER; ELECTROKINETIC PROPERTIES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CLAY-MINERALS; SURFACES; BACTERIA; HYDROPHOBICITY; INACTIVATION; EXOSPORIUM; ADHESION AB The electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of endospores of Bacillus anthracis and surrogates was measured in aqueous solution across a broad pH range and several ionic strengths. EPM values trended around phylogenetic clustering based on the 16S rRNA gene. Measurements reported here provide new insight for Bacillus anthracis surrogate selection and for attachment/detachment and transport studies. C1 [White, Colin P.; Popovici, Jonathan] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Lytle, Darren A.; Adcock, Noreen J.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rice, Eugene W.] US EPA, ORD, NHSRC, WIPD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP White, CP (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM white.colin@epa.gov NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 78 IS 23 BP 8470 EP 8473 DI 10.1128/AEM.01337-12 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 035AY UT WOS:000310915300036 PM 23001659 ER PT J AU Koch, HM Christensen, KLY Harth, V Lorber, M Bruning, T AF Koch, H. M. Christensen, K. L. Y. Harth, V. Lorber, M. Bruening, T. TI Di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) metabolism in a human volunteer after single oral doses SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DnBP; DiBP; Phthalate; Metabolism; Human biomonitoring ID ISO-NONYLPHTHALATE DINP; DEUTERIUM-LABELED DEHP; HUMAN URINE; SEMEN QUALITY; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; ENVIRONMENTAL PHTHALATE; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; HUMAN EXPOSURE; US POPULATION; HEALTH AB An individual (male, 36 years, 87 kg) ingested two separate doses of di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) at a rate of similar to 60 mu g/kg. Key monoester and oxidized metabolites were identified and quantified in urine continuously collected until 48 h post-dose. For both DnBP and DiBP, the majority of the dose was excreted in the first 24 h (92.2 % of DnBP, 90.3 % of DiBP), while only < 1 % of the dose was excreted in urine on day 2. In each case, the simple monoesters were the major metabolites (MnBP, 84 %; MiBP, 71 %). For DnBP, similar to 8 % was excreted as various side chain oxidized metabolites. For DiBP, approximately 20 % was excreted mainly as the oxidized side chain metabolite 2OH-MiBP, indicating that the extent of oxidative modification is around 2.5 times higher for DiBP than for DnBP. All DnBP and DiBP metabolites reached peak concentrations between 2 and 4 h post-exposure, followed by a monotonic decline. For DnBP metabolites, the elimination halftime of MnBP was 2.6 h; longer elimination halftimes were estimated for the oxidized metabolites (2.9-6.9 h). For DiBP metabolites, MiBP had the shortest halftime (3.9 h), and the oxidized metabolites had somewhat longer halftimes (4.1 and 4.2 h). Together with the simple monoesters, secondary oxidized metabolites are additional and valuable biomarkers of phthalate exposure. This study provides basic human metabolism and toxicokinetic data for two phthalates that have to be considered human reproductive toxicants and that have been shown to be omnipresent in humans. C1 [Koch, H. M.; Harth, V.; Bruening, T.] Inst Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, German Social Accid Insurance, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, Bochum, Germany. [Christensen, K. L. Y.; Lorber, M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Harth, V.] Univ Saarland, Med Ctr, Fac Med, Inst & Outpatient Clin Occupat Med, D-6650 Homburg, Germany. RP Koch, HM (reprint author), Inst Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, German Social Accid Insurance, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, Bochum, Germany. EM koch@ipa-dguv.de RI Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011; Bruning, Thomas/G-8120-2015 OI Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837; Bruning, Thomas/0000-0001-9560-5464 NR 56 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 3 U2 59 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0340-5761 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 86 IS 12 BP 1829 EP 1839 DI 10.1007/s00204-012-0908-1 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 035YO UT WOS:000310990200005 PM 22820759 ER PT J AU Vaslet, A Phillips, DL France, C Feller, IC Baldwin, CC AF Vaslet, A. Phillips, D. L. France, C. Feller, I. C. Baldwin, C. C. TI The relative importance of mangroves and seagrass beds as feeding areas for resident and transient fishes among different mangrove habitats in Florida and Belize: Evidence from dietary and stable-isotope analyses SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Feeding habitats; Fish; Mangroves; Seagrass beds; Stable isotopes; Western Atlantic ID INCORPORATING CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENCE; JUVENILE REEF FISH; ORGANIC-MATTER; THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM; MIXING MODELS; SYRINGODIUM-FILIFORME; STOMACH CONTENTS; CARBON ISOTOPES; FOOD SOURCES; SALT-MARSH AB In the western Atlantic region, the contribution of mangrove food sources to fish diets has been considered of more limited importance than previously expected due to the proximity of mangroves to adjacent potential food sources such as those in seagrass beds. To investigate the influence of different types of mangrove habitats on the relative contribution of mangrove and seagrass food sources in fish diets, four mangrove habitats adjacent to seagrass beds were studied in Florida and Belize using gut-contents and stable-isotope analyses: mangrove fringe forests, basin mangrove, mangrove ponds and overwash mangrove islets. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope compositions of 41 fish taxa and an array of potential primary (microphytobenthos, litter, seagrass leaves and their epiphytes, algae, plankton) and secondary (benthic invertebrates) prey were analyzed with SIAR mixing models to examine food source contributions in fish diets relative to habitat type. In all study sites, delta C-13 values of mangrove prey were significantly depleted relative to those from seagrass beds, allowing stable isotopes to provide reliable insights about origins of fish food. Seagrass prey located near basin mangroves in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL, Florida) had more negative delta C-13 signatures than seagrass prey adjacent to fringing mangroves of the Florida Keys, suggesting that seagrass from the IRL incorporated dissolved inorganic carbon from mangroves. Contributions of mangrove and seagrass prey to fish diets were influenced by type of mangrove habitat and fish residency status. Resident species significantly relied on mangrove prey, whereas only four transients foraged in mangroves. Most transient fishes occurring in basin and fringing mangroves actively foraged in nearby seagrass beds, thus reinforcing the limited role of mangroves as fish foraging habitat for transient species. However, a shift in fish diet was observed for transient species from mangrove ponds, in which they relied on mangrove prey. In overwash mangroves (Belize). the enriched carbon signatures of fishes and the generally higher contributions of seagrass prey to fish diets suggest that fishes derived most of their food from seagrass beds. This trend was particularly highlighted for juvenile reef fishes that shelter in mangroves but forage in nearby seagrass beds. These findings emphasize the importance of considering fish ecology (residency and life status) and type of mangrove habitat when assessing the contribution of mangrove prey to fish food webs in the western Atlantic region. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vaslet, A.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Phillips, D. L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [France, C.] Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Feller, I. C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Baldwin, C. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Vaslet, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM amandine.vaslet@gmail.com OI Feller, Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608 FU SMSFP FX The authors thank V. Paul, director of Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (SMSFP), and all the staff of SMSFP for their assistance and the access to laboratory facilities. The authors are grateful to Z. Foltz, W. Lee from SMSFP for their help in field collections. We thank R.G. Gilmore and anonymous referees for their constructive comments that greatly improved this manuscript. We are grateful to A. Jackson and A. Parnell for their help on SIAR mixing models. This research was funded by SMSFP Postdoctoral Fellowship to A. Vaslet. Collecting in Florida was conducted pursuant to SAL #09-1024-SR to C.C. Baldwin. D.L. Phillips' time was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. This is contribution number 886 from the SMSFP and contribution number 925 from the Smithsonian's Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program. NR 70 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 8 U2 150 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 434 BP 81 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2012.07.024 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 035JJ UT WOS:000310942300011 ER PT J AU Wright, L Chinowsky, P Strzepek, K Jones, R Streeter, R Smith, JB Mayotte, JM Powell, A Jantarasami, L Perkins, W AF Wright, Len Chinowsky, Paul Strzepek, Kenneth Jones, Russell Streeter, Richard Smith, Joel B. Mayotte, Jean-Marc Powell, Anthony Jantarasami, Lesley Perkins, William TI Estimated effects of climate change on flood vulnerability of U.S. bridges SO MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES FOR GLOBAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Adaptation costs; Bridges; Climate change; Flooding AB We assessed the potential impacts of increased river flooding from climate change on bridges in the continental United States. Daily precipitation statistics from four climate models and three greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenarios (A2, A1B, and B1) were used to capture a range of potential changes in climate. Using changes in maximum daily precipitation, we estimated changes to the peak flow rates for the 100-year return period for 2,097 watersheds. These estimates were then combined with information from the National Bridge Inventory database to estimate changes to bridge scour vulnerability. The results indicate that there may be significant potential risks to bridges in the United States from increased precipitation intensities. Approximately 129,000 bridges were found to be currently deficient. Tens of thousands to more than 100,000 bridges could be vulnerable to increased river flows. Results by region vary considerably. In general, more bridges in eastern areas are vulnerable than those in western areas. The highest GHG emissions scenarios result in the largest number of bridges being at risk. The costs of adapting vulnerable bridges to avoid increased damage associated with climate change vary from approximately $140 to $250 billion through the 21st century. If these costs were spread out evenly over the century, the annual costs would be several billion dollars. The costs of protecting the bridges against climate change risks could be reduced by approximately 30% if existing deficient bridges are improved with riprap. C1 [Smith, Joel B.] Stratus Consulting, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. [Wright, Len] Independent Consultant, Boulder, CO USA. [Chinowsky, Paul] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Strzepek, Kenneth] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Jones, Russell; Streeter, Richard] Stratus Consulting, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Mayotte, Jean-Marc] Independent Consultant, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Powell, Anthony] Precis Water Resources Engn, Loveland, CO USA. [Jantarasami, Lesley; Perkins, William] US EPA, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Smith, JB (reprint author), Stratus Consulting, POB 4059, Boulder, CO 80306 USA. EM jsmith@stratusconsulting.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Atmospheric Programs, Climate Change Division [EP-W-07-072] FX We acknowledge the support of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Atmospheric Programs, Climate Change Division, contract EP-W-07-072. The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Agency. We also acknowledge the support in producing the paper provided by Diane Callow, Erin Miles, Mary Kay Kozyra, Laura Cross, and Laura Sims of Stratus Consulting. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1381-2386 J9 MITIG ADAPT STRAT GL JI Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 17 IS 8 BP 939 EP 955 DI 10.1007/s11027-011-9354-2 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 035SQ UT WOS:000310969300006 ER PT J AU Haring, HJ Smith, ME Lazorchak, JM Crocker, PA Euresti, A Blocksom, K Wratschko, MC Schaub, MC AF Haring, Herman J. Smith, Mark E. Lazorchak, James M. Crocker, Philip A. Euresti, Abel Blocksom, Karen Wratschko, Melissa C. Schaub, Michael C. TI An interlaboratory comparison of sediment elutriate preparation and toxicity test methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Bulk sediment; Sediment elutriate; Toxicity test ID WHOLE-SEDIMENT; POREWATER; WATER; CONTAMINANTS; VICINITY; AMMONIA AB Elutriate bioassays are among numerous methods that exist for assessing the potential toxicity of sediments in aquatic systems. In this study, interlaboratory results were compared from 96-h Ceriodaphnia dubia and Pimephales promelas static-renewal acute toxicity tests conducted independently by two laboratories using elutriate samples prepared from the same sediment. The goal of the study was to determine if the results from the elutriate tests were comparable between two U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) laboratories when different elutriate preparation procedures were employed by each lab. Complete agreement in site characterization was attained in 22 of the 25 samples for both bioassays amongst each lab. Of the 25 samples analyzed, 10 were found to be toxic to at least one of the species tested by either laboratory. The C. dubia elutriate tests conducted by the National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL) indicated that 7 of the 25 sediment samples were toxic, while 8 sediment samples were characterized as such in testing conducted by USEPA Region 6 (Region 6). The P. promelas elutriate tests conducted by NERL determined 8 samples as toxic, while Region 6 tests displayed toxicity in 5 of the samples. McNemar's test of symmetry for C. dubia (S = 0.33, p = 0.5637) and P. promelas (S = 3.0, p = 0.0833) tests indicated no significant differences in designating a site toxic between NERL and Region 6 laboratories. Likewise, Cohen's kappa test revealed significant agreement between NERL and Region 6 C. dubia (K = 0.7148, p < 0.01) and P. promelas (K = 0.6939, p < 0.01) elutriate tests. The authors conclude that differences in interlaboratory elutriate preparation procedures have no bearing on the ability of either the C. dubia or P. promelas bioassay testing methods to detect toxicity while yielding similar results. C1 [Haring, Herman J.; Smith, Mark E.; Lazorchak, James M.; Wratschko, Melissa C.] US EPA, McConnell Grp, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Crocker, Philip A.] US EPA, Watershed Management Sect, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. [Euresti, Abel] US EPA, Houston, TX 77099 USA. [Blocksom, Karen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Schaub, Michael C.] US EPA, Monitoring & Assessment Sect, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, McConnell Grp, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The research reported in this document was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors would like to acknowledge the technical review and editing provided by Justicia Rhodus, Dynamac Corporation. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 184 IS 12 BP 7343 EP 7351 DI 10.1007/s10661-011-2503-y PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 032TO UT WOS:000310742200022 PM 22278676 ER PT J AU Nelson, WG Bergen, BJ AF Nelson, William G. Bergen, Barbara J. TI The New Bedford Harbor Superfund site long-term monitoring program (1993-2009) SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Long-term monitoring; Sediment; PCBs; New Bedford Harbor; Superfund ID MYTILUS-EDULIS; POLLUTION; PCB; MASSACHUSETTS; SEDIMENTS; MUSSELS; BIOACCUMULATION; CONGENERS; TOXICITY; WATCH AB New Bedford Harbor (NBH), located in southeastern Massachusetts, was designated as a marine Superfund site in 1983 due to sediment contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Based on risks to human health and the environment, the first two phases of the site cleanup involved dredging PCB-contaminated sediments from the harbor. Therefore, a long-term monitoring program (LTM) was developed to measure spatial and temporal chemical and biological changes in sediment, water, and biota to assess the effects and effectiveness of the remedial activities. A systematic, probabilistic sampling design was used to select sediment sampling stations. This unbiased design allowed the three segments of the harbor to be compared spatially and temporally to quantify changes resulting from dredging the contaminated sediments. Sediment was collected at each station, and chemical (e.g., PCBs and metals), physical (e.g., grain size), and biological (e.g., benthic community) measurements were conducted on all samples. This paper describes the overall NBH-LTM approach and the results from the five rounds of sample collections. There is a decreasing spatial gradient in sediment PCB concentrations from the northern boundary (upper harbor) to the southern boundary (outer harbor) of the site. Along this same transect, there is an increase in biological condition (e.g., benthic community diversity). Temporally, the contaminant and biological gradients have been maintained since the 1993 baseline collection; however, since the onset of full-scale remediation, PCB concentrations have decreased throughout the site, and one of the benthic community indices has shown significant improvement in the lower and outer harbor areas. C1 [Nelson, William G.; Bergen, Barbara J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Nelson, WG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI USA. EM Nelson.William@epamail.epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX Since the inception of the NBH-LTM, dozens of people from various federal, state, local, and private entities have contributed to this project. In particular, the authors thank former NBH remedial project managers Gayle Garman and David Dickerson, Joseph Mackay of the US Army Corps of Engineers, New England Division, Saro Jayaraman of AED for mussel PCB analysis, James Heltshe, Computer Sciences Corporation, for statistical analyses, and Chuck Audette, Raytheon, for benthic community analysis. This manuscript greatly benefited from technical discussions with Anne Kuhn, Glenn Thursby, and Daniel Campbell and the thorough editorial reviews of Mohamed Abdelrhman, John Kiddon, and Walter Galloway of AED, as well as an anonymous outside reviewer. Although the research described in this article has been partially funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number AED-11-034 of the Atlantic Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 184 IS 12 BP 7531 EP 7550 DI 10.1007/s10661-012-2517-0 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 032TO UT WOS:000310742200036 PM 22367364 ER PT J AU Katz, LM McGwin, G Gordon, CJ AF Katz, Laurence M. McGwin, Gerald Gordon, Christopher J. TI Drug-Induced Therapeutic Hypothermia After Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest in Swine SO THERAPEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA AND TEMPERATURE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB A feasibility study was performed to compare an investigational drug, HBN-1, to forced cooling to induce hypothermia after resuscitation in a translation model of asphyxial cardiac arrest in swine. Serum and cerebral spinal fluid neuron-specific enolase activity (sNSE and csfNSE) were measured after cardiac arrest as surrogate markers of brain injury. In a block design, swine resuscitated from 10 minutes of asphyxial cardiac arrest were infused intravenously with HBN-1 or iced saline vehicle (forced hypothermia [FH]) 5 to 45 minutes after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). External cooling in both groups was added 45 minutes after ROSC until hypothermia (T=4 degrees C below baseline) was attained. Esophageal (core) temperature, shivering, cardiopulmonary parameters, and time to hypothermia after ROSC were monitored. sNSE and csfNSE were measured 180 minutes after ROSC. HBN-1 induced hypothermia significantly lowered temperature compared to FH 5-45 minutes after ROSC (p<0.0001). Time to hypothermia was reduced by HBN-1 (93 +/- 6 minutes) compared to FH (177 +/- 10 minutes) (p<0.0001). HBN-1 sNSE (0.7 +/- 1.9 ng/mL) and csfNSE (17.3 +/- 1.9 ng/mL) were lower compared to FH (6 +/- 1.6 ng/mL) and (49.7 +/- 32.0 ng/mL) (p<0.0001, p=0.022, respectively). There was no shivering with HBN-1 cooling while all FH cooled swine shivered (p<0.0001). The time to reach target hypothermia after cardiac arrest was reduced by nearly 50% with HBN-1 compared to the FH method of inducing hypothermia. Moreover, surrogate biomarkers of brain injury were significantly reduced with HBN-1 as compared to FH. While HBN-1-induced hypothermia shows promise for being neuroprotective, survival studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings. C1 [Katz, Laurence M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Emergency Med, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [McGwin, Gerald] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Gordon, Christopher J.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Neurotoxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Katz, LM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Emergency Med, Sch Med, 170 Manning Dr CB 7594, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM lkatz@med.unc.edu FU Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine FX The study was funded by a grant from the Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine. We thank Bonita L. Marks, PhD., for her review of the manuscript. We would also like to thank Jonathan E. Frank, Shane McCurdy, and Chad Spruill for their technical support. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 2153-7658 EI 2153-7933 J9 THER HYPOTHERMIA TEM JI Ther. Hypothermia Temp. Manag. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 2 IS 4 BP 176 EP 182 DI 10.1089/ther.2012.0017 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA V38PM UT WOS:000209355300006 PM 24716490 ER PT J AU Xie, MJ Coons, TL Hemann, JG Dutton, SJ Milford, JB Peel, JL Miller, SL Kim, SY Vedal, S Sheppard, L Hannigan, MP AF Xie, Mingjie Coons, Teresa L. Hemann, Joshua G. Dutton, Steven J. Milford, Jana B. Peel, Jennifer L. Miller, Shelly L. Kim, Sun-Young Vedal, Sverre Sheppard, Lianne Hannigan, Michael P. TI Intra-urban spatial variability and uncertainty assessment of PM2.5 sources based on carbonaceous species SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Source apportionment; Positive matrix factorization; Bootstrap; Uncertainty; Spatial variability ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MATTER; ORGANIC SPECIATED PM2.5; REGIONAL AIR-POLLUTION; LIGHT-DUTY GASOLINE; FINE-PARTICLE MASS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; EMISSION FACTORS; DIESEL VEHICLES AB To identify the sources of PM2.5 - bound carbonaceous species and examine the spatial variability of source contributions in the Denver metropolitan area, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to one year of every sixth day ambient PM2.5 compositional data, including elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and 32 organic molecular markers, from four sites (two residential and two near-traffic). Statistics (median, inner quantiles and 5th - 95th percentiles range) of factor contributions, expressed as reconstructed carbonaceous mass (EC + OC), were estimated from PMF solutions of replicate datasets generated by using a stationary block bootstrap technique. A seven-factor solution was resolved for a set of data pooled across the four sites, as it gave the most interpretable results and had the highest rate of neural network factor matching (76.9%). Identified factors were primarily associated with high plant wax, summertime emission, diesel vehicle emission, fossil fuel combustion, motor vehicle emission, lubricating oil combustion and wood burning. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and coefficients of divergence (COD) were used to assess spatial variability of factor contributions. The summertime emission factor exhibited the highest spatial correlation (r = 0.74 - 0.88) and lowest CODs (0.32 - 0.38) among all resolved factors; while the three traffic dominated factors (diesel vehicle emission, motor vehicle emission and lubricating oil combustion) showed lower correlations (r = 0.47 - 0.55) and higher CODs (0.41 - 0.53) on average. Average total EC and OC mass were apportioned to each factor and showed a similar distribution across the four sites. Modeling uncertainties were defined as the 5th - 95th percentile range of the factor contributions derived from valid bootstrap PMF solutions, and were highly correlated with the median factor contribution in each factor (r = 0.77 - 0.98). Source apportionment was also performed on site specific datasets; the results exhibited similar factor profiles and temporal variation in factor contribution as those obtained for the pooled dataset, indicating that the four sites are primarily influenced by similar types of sources. On the other hand, differences were observed in absolute factor contributions between PMF solutions for the pooled versus site-specific datasets, likely due to the large uncertainties in EC and OC factor profiles derived from the site specific datasets with limited numbers of observations. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Peel, Jennifer L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kim, Sun-Young; Vedal, Sverre; Sheppard, Lianne] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hannigan, MP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hannigan@colorado.edu FU NIEHS research grant [RO1 ES010197] FX This research is supported by NIEHS research grant number RO1 ES010197. We would like to thank Daniel Williams and Brett Casso for their help with organic chemical analysis. We would like to acknowledge Patrick McGraw and Bradley Rink of the Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment as well as Joni Rix of the Denver Public School District for their help with developing these four sampling sites. Finally, we would like to thank the staff at Alsup Elementary School, Palmer Elementary School, Edison Elementary School and the Denver Municipal Animal Shelter for allowing us to deploy equipment at their facilities. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 52 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 BP 305 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.036 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 020DU UT WOS:000309789800036 PM 25214808 ER PT J AU Xie, MJ Coons, TL Dutton, SJ Milford, JB Miller, SL Peel, JL Vedal, S Hannigan, MP AF Xie, Mingjie Coons, Teresa L. Dutton, Steven J. Milford, Jana B. Miller, Shelly L. Peel, Jennifer L. Vedal, Sverre Hannigan, Michael P. TI Intra-urban spatial variability of PM2.5-bound carbonaceous components SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Particulate matter; PM2.5; Organic molecular marker; Spatial variability; Co-located samples; Motor vehicle influence ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; ORGANIC SPECIATED PM2.5; LIGHT-DUTY GASOLINE; LOWER FRASER VALLEY; FINE-PARTICLE MASS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; UNITED-STATES; LONG-BEACH; HONG-KONG AB The Denver Aerosol Sources and Health (DASH) study was designed to evaluate associations between PM2.5 species and sources and adverse human health effects. The DASH study generated a five-year (2003-2007) time series of daily speciated PM2.5 concentration measurements from a single, special-purpose monitoring site in Denver, CO. To evaluate the ability of this site to adequately represent the short term temporal variability of PM2.5 concentrations in the five county Denver metropolitan area, a one year supplemental set of PM2.5 samples was collected every sixth day at the original DASH monitoring site and concurrently at three additional sites. Two of the four sites, including the original DASH site, were located in residential areas at least 1.9 km from interstate highways. The other two sites were located within 0.3 km of interstate highways. Concentrations of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and 58 organic molecular markers were measured at each site. To assess spatial variability, site pairs were compared using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and coefficient of divergence (COD), a statistic that provides information on the degree of uniformity between monitoring sites. Bi-weekly co-located samples collected from July 2004 to September 2005 were also analyzed and used to estimate the uncertainty associated with sampling and analytical measurement for each species. In general, the two near-highway sites exhibited higher concentrations of EC, OC, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and steranes than did the more residential sites. Lower spatial heterogeneity based on r and COD was inferred for all carbonaceous species after considering their divergence and lack of perfect correlations in co-located samples. Ratio ratio plots combined with available gasoline- and diesel-powered motor vehicle emissions profiles for the region suggested a greater impact to high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs from diesel-powered vehicles at the near-highway sites and a more uniformly distributed impact to ambient hopanes from gasoline-powered motor vehicles at all four sites. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xie, Mingjie; Coons, Teresa L.; Milford, Jana B.; Miller, Shelly L.; Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Peel, Jennifer L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Vedal, Sverre] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hannigan, MP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Mech Engn, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hannigan@colorado.edu FU NIEHS [RO1 ES010197] FX This research is supported by NIEHS research grant number RO1 ES010197. We would like to thank Daniel Williams and Brett Casso for their help with organic chemical analysis. We would like to acknowledge Patrick McGraw and Bradley Rink of the Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment as well as Joni Rix of the Denver Public School District for their help with developing these four sampling sites. Finally, we would like to thank the staff at Alsup Elementary School, Palmer Elementary School, Edison Elementary School and the Denver Municipal Animal Shelter for allowing us to deploy equipment at their facilities. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 BP 486 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.041 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 020DU UT WOS:000309789800055 PM 25525406 ER PT J AU Walker, JT Dombek, TL Green, LA Gartman, N Lehmann, CMB AF Walker, John T. Dombek, Tracy L. Green, Lee A. Gartman, Nina Lehmann, Christopher M. B. TI Stability of organic nitrogen in NADP wet deposition samples SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Organic nitrogen; Wet deposition; Nitrogen deposition; NADP; Critical loads ID PRECIPITATION AB Organic compounds represent an important yet largely uncharacterized component of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Rapid progress in understanding the sources and spatiotemporal patterns of organic nitrogen (ON) deposition will require the use of existing large-scale monitoring infrastructure, such as the National Atmospheric Deposition Program's National Trends Network (NADP/NTN). The purpose of this study is to investigate the analytical and sampling requirements for adding ON measurements to the NTN, with specific interest in examining ON stability during sampling and storage. The analytical technique for total nitrogen (TN) used by the NADP's Central Analytical Laboratory (CAL) and associated quality assurance data are described. We then compare TN, inorganic nitrogen (IN = NH4+ + NO3-), and ON (ON = TN - IN) concentrations in a field study between standard weekly NADP/NTN samples (unrefrigerated during sampling and storage), daily event samples collected using the Atmospheric Integrated Research Monitoring Network protocol (AIRMoN, unrefrigerated during sampling but refrigerated during storage), and daily event samples that were preserved via refrigeration in the field upon collection (AIRMoN_Ref, refrigerated during sampling and storage). Using AIRMoN_Ref as the reference for comparison, total loss of ON in weekly NTN samples in the field and during laboratory storage is approximately 40%. This bias is likely dominated by losses of ON in the collection bucket. However, additional loss may occur during laboratory storage at room temperature prior to analysis. Loss of ON was also observed in AIRMoN samples, though differences relative to AIRMoN_Ref (10.8%) were less than weekly NTN samples. Biases in ON are more consistently negative at higher ambient temperatures. Storage experiments indicated that refrigeration at 4 degrees C at the CAL was sufficient to stabilize ON concentrations. We conclude that weekly sampling for ON is feasible if precipitation is refrigerated or frozen immediately upon collection. Samples should be kept refrigerated or frozen prior to analysis. Preliminary results indicate that NO2-, an additional inorganic species not currently measured by the CAL, makes a small contribution to TN (< 1%), but if neglected may cause significant negative bias in ON determined as TN - IN. We recommend that CAL include NOT quantification as a component of IN for bulk ON determination. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Walker, John T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Dombek, Tracy L.; Green, Lee A.; Gartman, Nina; Lehmann, Christopher M. B.] Univ Illinois, Natl Atmospher Deposit Program, Illinois State Water Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Walker, JT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM walker.johnt@epa.gov RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Environmental Protection Agency; Tennessee Valley Authority; U.S. Geological Survey; National Park Service; U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service; Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Department of Agriculture - Forest Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-39134-19508] FX The NADP is National Research Support Project-3: A Long-Term Monitoring Program in Support of Research on the Effects of Atmospheric Chemical Deposition. More than 250 sponsors support the NADP, including private companies and other non-governmental organizations, universities, local and state government agencies, State Agricultural, Experiment Stations, national laboratories, Native American organizations, Canadian government agencies, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Department of Agriculture - Forest Service, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food and Agriculture, under agreement no. 2008-39134-19508. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors or the University of Illinois. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 BP 573 EP 582 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.059 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 020DU UT WOS:000309789800063 ER PT J AU Cho, SH Richmond-Bryant, J Thornburg, J Portzer, J Vanderpool, R Cavender, K Rice, J AF Cho, Seung-Hyun Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer Thornburg, Jonathan Portzer, Jeff Vanderpool, Robert Cavender, Kevin Rice, Joann TI A literature review of concentrations and size distributions of ambient airborne Pb-containing particulate matter (vol 45, pg 5005, 2011) SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Correction C1 [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cho, Seung-Hyun; Thornburg, Jonathan; Portzer, Jeff] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Vanderpool, Robert] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cavender, Kevin; Rice, Joann] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Richmond-Bryant, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM richmond-bryant.jennifer@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 BP 680 EP 681 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.045 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 020DU UT WOS:000309789800073 ER PT J AU Smith, CD Ashbolt, NJ AF Smith, Charlotte D. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI The Fate of Helicobacter pylori Phagocytized by Acanthamoeba polyphaga Demonstrated by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization and Quantitative Polymerization Chain Reaction Tests SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; DRINKING-WATER; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; TRANSMISSION; DNA; ENVIRONMENT; PCR AB Helicobacter pylori able to express green fluorescent protein, as well as an ATCC strain, and a clinical isolate of this pathogen were evaluated for their ability to survive predation by Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Ingestion was evaluated by microscopic observation of the GFP-H. pylori and BacLight (TM)-stained cells. Following phagocytosis, the fate of cells was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization with an oligonucleotide targeting H. pylori 16S rRNA and by quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) tests with primers to 16S rDNA. Fluorescent in situ hybridization tests were inconclusive with only a small percentage of amoebae apparently containing active intracellular H. pylori. Furthermore, no increase in bacterial cells was detected by qPCR. Additional research is required to elucidate the mechanisms by which amoebae phagocytize this important bacterial pathogen. C1 [Smith, Charlotte D.] Charlotte Smith & Associates Inc, Orinda, CA 94563 USA. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab MD 593, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Smith, CD (reprint author), Charlotte Smith & Associates Inc, POB 629, Orinda, CA 94563 USA. EM charlottesmith.us@gmail.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency STAR Graduate Fellowship [F09D40688] FX CDS was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency STAR Graduate Fellowship F09D40688. Green fluorescent protein-H. pylori developed by Andrew Wright (Tufts University) was kindly provided by Kathryn Eaton (University of Michigan) and the H. pylori clinical isolate by Richard Peek (Vanderbilt University). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 65 IS 6 BP 805 EP 812 DI 10.1007/s00284-012-0232-2 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 023YI UT WOS:000310073500024 PM 23001424 ER PT J AU Hare, JA Manderson, JP Nye, JA Alexander, MA Auster, PJ Borggaard, DL Capotondi, AM Damon-Randall, KB Heupel, E Mateo, I O'Brien, L Richardson, DE Stock, CA Biegel, ST AF Hare, Jonathan A. Manderson, John P. Nye, Janet A. Alexander, Michael A. Auster, Peter J. Borggaard, Diane L. Capotondi, Antonietta M. Damon-Randall, Kimberly B. Heupel, Eric Mateo, Ivan O'Brien, Loretta Richardson, David E. Stock, Charles A. Biegel, Sarah T. TI Cusk (Brosme brosme) and climate change: assessing the threat to a candidate marine fish species under the US Endangered Species Act SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE climate change; endangered species; fisheries; habitat fragmentation; modelling; species niche ID SURFACE HEAT-FLUX; COD GADUS-MORHUA; SCOTIAN SHELF; ASSESSING RISK; EXTINCTION; TEMPERATURE; IMPACTS; MODELS; TRENDS; DEPTH AB In the Northwest Atlantic Ocean cusk (Brosme brosme) has declined dramatically, primarily as a result of fishing activities. These declines have led to concern about its status, which has prompted reviews under the US Endangered Species Act and the Canadian Species at Risk Act. Changes in distribution and abundance of a number of marine fish in the Northwest Atlantic have been linked to climate variability and change, suggesting that both fishing and climate may affect the status of cusk. Our goal was to evaluate potential effects of climate change on Northwest Atlantic cusk distribution. Coupling a species niche model with the output from an ensemble of climate models, we projected cusk distribution in the future. Our results indicate cusk habitat in the region will shrink and fragment, which is a result of a spatial mismatch between high complexity seafloor habitat and suitable temperature. The importance of habitat patch connectivity for cusk is poorly understood, so the population-level consequences of climate-related habitat fragmentation are uncertain. More broadly, climate change may reduce appropriate thermal habitat and increase habitat fragmentation for other cold-water species in the region; thereby, increasing the potential for regional overexploitation and extirpation. C1 [Hare, Jonathan A.; Richardson, David E.] NOAA Natl Marine Fisheries Serv NMFS, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02818 USA. [Manderson, John P.] NOAA NMFS NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA. [Nye, Janet A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02818 USA. [Alexander, Michael A.; Capotondi, Antonietta M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Auster, Peter J.; Heupel, Eric] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Auster, Peter J.; Heupel, Eric] Univ Connecticut, NE Underwater Res Technol & Educ Ctr, Groton, CT 06340 USA. [Auster, Peter J.] Sea Res Fdn Mystic Aquarium, Mystic, CT 06355 USA. [Borggaard, Diane L.; Damon-Randall, Kimberly B.; Mateo, Ivan; Biegel, Sarah T.] NOAA NMFS NE Reg Off, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA. [O'Brien, Loretta] NOAA NMFS NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Stock, Charles A.] NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Hare, JA (reprint author), NOAA Natl Marine Fisheries Serv NMFS, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02818 USA. EM jon.hare@noaa.gov RI Alexander, Michael/A-7097-2013; OI Alexander, Michael/0000-0001-9646-6427; Stock, Charles/0000-0001-9549-8013 FU National Marine Sanctuary Foundation; NOAA Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; National Science Foundation [1544901] FX PJA was supported, in part, by funds from the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation and NOAA Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. EH was supported by a grant (to PJA) from The David and Lucile Packard Foundation Conservation and Science Program. Support for AC was provided by National Science Foundation grant 1544901 as part of the synthesis phase of the GLOBEC Program. NR 74 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 44 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1054-3139 EI 1095-9289 J9 ICES J MAR SCI JI ICES J. Mar. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 69 IS 10 BP 1753 EP 1768 DI 10.1093/icesjms/fss160 PG 16 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 021IE UT WOS:000309877700007 ER PT J AU Augustine, N Anastas, PT AF Augustine, Norman Anastas, Paul T. TI Improving S&T policy SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Anastas, Paul T.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM norntaugustine@lmco.com RI Anastas, Paul/L-3258-2013 OI Anastas, Paul/0000-0003-4777-5172 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0748-5492 J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL JI Issues Sci. Technol. PD WIN PY 2012 VL 28 IS 2 BP 7 EP 10 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues GA 994FD UT WOS:000307915400002 ER PT J AU Ewing, BR Hawkins, TR Wiedmann, TO Galli, A Ercin, AE Weinzettel, J Steen-Olsen, K AF Ewing, Brad R. Hawkins, Troy R. Wiedmann, Thomas O. Galli, Alessandro Ercin, A. Ertug Weinzettel, Jan Steen-Olsen, Kjartan TI Integrating ecological and water footprint accounting in a multi-regional input-output framework SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Sustainability indicators; Ecological footprint; Water footprint; Carbon footprint; Multi-region input-output model; International trade ID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; CARBON FOOTPRINT; CO2 EMISSIONS; CONSUMPTION; TRADE; AGGREGATION; DECOMPOSITION; TECHNOLOGIES; PERSPECTIVE; MRIO AB Carbon, ecological, and water footprints (CF, EF, and WF) are accounting tools that can be used to understand the connection between consumption activities and environmental pressures on the Earth's atmosphere, bioproductive areas, and freshwater resources. These indicators have been gaining acceptance from researchers and policymakers but are not harmonized with one another, and ecological and water footprints are lacking in their representation of product supply chains. In this paper we integrate existing methods for calculating EF and WF within a multi-regional input-output (MRIO) modelling framework that has already been successfully applied for CF estimation. We introduce a new MRIO method for conserving the high degree of product detail found in existing physical EF and WF accounts. Calculating EF and WF in this way is consistent with the current best practice for CF accounting, making results more reliable and easier to compare across the three indicators. We discuss alternatives for linking the MRIO model and the footprint datasets and the implications for results. The model presented here is novel and offers significant improvements in EF and WF accounting through harmonization of methods with CF accounting, preservation of product-level detail, comprehensive inclusion of sectors of the global economy, and clear representation of flows along supply chains and international trade linkages. The matrix organization of the model improves transparency and provides a structure upon which further improvements in footprint calculation can be built. The model described here is the first environmentally extended MRIO model that harmonizes EF and WF accounts and aligns physical unit data of product use with standard economic and environmental accounting. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hawkins, Troy R.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Ewing, Brad R.; Galli, Alessandro] Global Footprint Network, Oakland, CA USA. [Weinzettel, Jan; Steen-Olsen, Kjartan] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Energy & Proc Engn, Ind Ecol Programme, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway. [Wiedmann, Thomas O.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Wiedmann, Thomas O.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys A28, ISA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Ercin, A. Ertug] Univ Twente, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Hawkins, Troy R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Hawkins, TR (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM brewing@ucdavis.edu; trh@alumni.cmu.edu RI Weinzettel, Jan/A-3422-2010; Wiedmann, Thomas/C-9158-2011; OI Weinzettel, Jan/0000-0001-8977-8385; Wiedmann, Thomas/0000-0002-6395-8887; Galli, Alessandro/0000-0001-9503-4104 NR 42 TC 71 Z9 77 U1 4 U2 117 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 23 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.02.025 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 983PD UT WOS:000307130300001 ER PT J AU Pelletier, MC Gold, AJ Gonzalez, L Oviatt, C AF Pelletier, Marguerite C. Gold, Arthur J. Gonzalez, Liliana Oviatt, Candace TI Application of multiple index development approaches to benthic invertebrate data from the Virginian Biogeographic Province, USA SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Benthic indices; Method comparison; Invertebrates; Estuarine ID MID-ATLANTIC REGION; INTEGRITY B-IBI; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; BIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY; HABITAT QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; MARINE; SEDIMENTS; CLASSIFICATION; PERFORMANCE AB Previous work had indicated that the Virginian Province Index did not perform well in a smaller estuarine complex. While it was hoped that the existing Chesapeake Bay Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity, with its greater number of metrics and habitat separation would be more adaptable, this index also did not perform well outside of Chesapeake Bay. In this study we assembled additional metrics and applied different methods of index compilation to explore the indices relative strengths and weaknesses. Three different approaches were utilized - two multimetric indices (Chesapeake Bay IBI and the Mebane IBI) and a statistical logistic regression technique. The data were subdivided by habitat (salinity and grain size), and indices compiled using the same initial group of benthic metrics. Each approach was examined for its classification accuracy for both reference and impaired sites for the entire Virginian Province. The Chesapeake Bay IBI approach did not perform well in this study. In contrast, another multimetric approach, the Mebane IBI approach, performed well, as did the statistical logistic regression approach. Both techniques have promise for index development and could be useful in applying a biological condition gradient to estuaries. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pelletier, Marguerite C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Pelletier, Marguerite C.; Gold, Arthur J.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Gonzalez, Liliana] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Comp Sci & Stat, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Oviatt, Candace] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Pelletier, MC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM pelletier.peg@epa.gov NR 50 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 23 BP 176 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.03.019 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 983PD UT WOS:000307130300020 ER PT J AU Job, C AF Job, Charles TI Water Treatment Practices at Groundwater-Supplied Community Water Systems in the United States SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article C1 US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water 4606M, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Job, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water 4606M, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD WIN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 1 BP 35 EP 36 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01381.x PG 2 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 888ZK UT WOS:000300043100002 ER PT J AU Griffiths, C Klemick, H Massey, M Moore, C Newbold, S Simpson, D Walsh, P Wheeler, W AF Griffiths, Charles Klemick, Heather Massey, Matt Moore, Chris Newbold, Steve Simpson, David Walsh, Patrick Wheeler, William TI U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Valuation of Surface Water Quality Improvements SO REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND POLICY LA English DT Article ID CONTINGENT VALUATION; BENEFITS TRANSFER; UNITED-STATES; CLEAN WATER; METAANALYSIS AB Since 1982, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has used benefit-cost analysis to evaluate many of its surface water quality regulations. Early regulations were aimed at controlling conventional and toxic pollutants that were directly linked to highly visible water quality problems. More recent regulations have focused on "unconventional" water quality stressors or more subtle distinctions in water quality. While a number of national-scale water quality models have been used over the years, there has been less exploration of economic models to estimate benefits. This article addresses three issues that have been particularly challenging in estimating the benefits from water quality improvement: defining standardized measures of water quality improvement, measuring benefits arising from ecological protection and restoration, and measuring nonuse benefits. C1 [Griffiths, Charles; Klemick, Heather; Massey, Matt; Moore, Chris; Newbold, Steve; Simpson, David; Walsh, Patrick; Wheeler, William] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Griffiths, C (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM griffiths.charles.@epamail.epa.gov NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 28 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1750-6816 EI 1750-6824 J9 REV ENV ECON POLICY JI Rev. Env. Econ. Policy PD WIN PY 2012 VL 6 IS 1 BP 130 EP + DI 10.1093/reep/rer025 PG 18 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 891DV UT WOS:000300198300007 ER PT J AU Heberling, MT Hopton, ME AF Heberling, Matthew T. Hopton, Matthew E. TI Introduction to the special collection of papers on the San Luis Basin Sustainability Metrics Project: A methodology for evaluating regional sustainability SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Metrics; Colorado; Ecological Footprint; Green Net Regional Product; Emergy Analysis; Fisher information; Regional assessment ID ECOLOGICAL SUSTAINABILITY; SYSTEMS; COLORADO; INFORMATION; SCOTLAND; INDEXES; EMERGY AB This paper introduces a collection of four articles describing the San Luis Basin Sustainability Metrics Project. The Project developed a methodology for evaluating regional sustainability. This introduction provides the necessary background information for the project, description of the region, overview of the methods, and summary of the results. Although there are a multitude of scientifically based sustainability metrics, many are data intensive, difficult to calculate, and fail to capture all aspects of a system. We wanted to see if we could develop an approach that decision-makers could use to understand if their system was moving toward or away from sustainability. The goal was to produce a scientifically defensible, but straightforward and inexpensive methodology to measure and monitor environmental quality within a regional system. We initiated an interdisciplinary pilot project in the San Luis Basin, south-central Colorado, to test the methodology. The objectives were: 1) determine the applicability of using existing datasets to estimate metrics of sustainability at a regional scale; 2) calculate metrics through time from 1980 to 2005; and 3) compare and contrast the results to determine if the system was moving toward or away from sustainability. The sustainability metrics, chosen to represent major components of the system, were: 1) Ecological Footprint to capture the impact and human burden on the system; 2) Green Net Regional Product to represent economic welfare; 3) Emergy to capture the quality-normalized flow of energy through the system; and 4) Fisher information to capture the overall dynamic order and to look for possible regime changes. The methodology, data, and results of each metric are presented in the remaining four papers of the special collection. Based on the results of each metric and our criteria for understanding the sustainability trends, we find that the San Luis Basin is moving away from sustainability. Although we understand there are strengths and limitations of the methodology, we argue that each metric identifies changes to major components of the system. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Heberling, Matthew T.; Hopton, Matthew E.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Sustainable Environm Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Heberling, MT (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, MS 443,26 MLK Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Heberling.Matt@epa.gov; hopton.matthew@epa.gov OI Heberling, Matthew/0000-0003-1120-612X; Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank Mike Britten, Fred Bunch, Art Hutchinson, Arunprakash Karunanithi, Richard Sparks, John Stump, Andrew Valdez, and Steve Vandiver for directing us to or providing data for the calculations made here. We thank several people for providing data, including Kathy Worthington (Xcel Energy), JoAn Waugh (Rural Electric Co-op), Bruce Short (USDA-FS), and Pete Magee (San Luis Valley GIS/GPS Authority). The authors wish to acknowledge Fred Bunch for his enthusiasm, his assistance, and the many helpful discussions throughout the five years of this project. The paper was much improved by comments from four anonymous reviewers. Although the research described in this article has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency level review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 111 BP 272 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.03.055 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 036CY UT WOS:000311005200033 PM 22560056 ER PT J AU Hopton, ME White, D AF Hopton, Matthew E. White, Denis TI A simplified ecological footprint at a regional scale SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Ecological footprint; Biocapacity; Sustainability; Regional assessment ID TIME-SERIES; ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY; CONSUMPTION; ASSESSMENTS; AUSTRALIA; INDICATOR; ACCOUNTS; AUSTRIA; DEMAND; URBAN AB We calculated an Ecological Footprint Analysis (EFA) at a regional scale. EFA captures the human impact on the environmental system by identifying the amount of biologically productive land necessary to support a person's level of consumption and waste generation. EFA is a commonly used metric of sustainability because it is easy to conceptualize and the calculation is relatively straightforward. Utilizing free, readily available data, we calculated an EFA for a region in southern Colorado. Gathering existing data at a regional scale is difficult because data are often collected at national or state levels. The lack of data is further confounded by the fact that data are often collected at intervals greater than one year. Variables that were missing data for certain years were estimated using linear interpolation. Data not available by county were scaled to the region from state or national level data. Thirty-five variables from 1980 to 2005 (26 years) were collected and used to calculate a time-dependent EFA and the resulting trend was visually examined. The available biocapacity in the region did not decrease during the period, but per capita biocapacity decreased due to population growth. Per capita biocapacity was at a period high of nearly 41 ha per person (ha/ca) in 1980 and steadily decreased to a low around 31 ha/ca in 2005. Ecological footprint remained constant over the 26-year period, varying from a low of 5.1 ha/ca in 1997 to a high of 5.5 ha/ca in 1985. A steady ecological footprint combined with a decreasing per capita biocapacity, implies the ecological reserve is decreasing and, thus, the region is moving away from sustainability. Although per capita consumption did not increase substantially during the 26 years, more people are drawing on a fixed quantity of resources. Our methodology is a simplified approach to EFA and does not follow standards that are currently being established. Adhering to the suggested standards would require obtaining data sets that consist entirely of national data. The national level data are replaced with data specific to the geographic area under examination when they are available. Although national data may represent the sub-national region under study, that substitution requires further investigation, especially in large, geographically and culturally varied nations such as the US. Nevertheless, this simplified methodology provides enough detail that stakeholders can identify areas of the system on which to focus attention to improve sustainability of the system. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hopton, Matthew E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div,Sustainable Environm Bran, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [White, Denis] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Hopton, ME (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, MS 443,26 MLK Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Hopton.Matthew@epa.gov OI Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank J. Ashby, M. Britten, F. Bunch, A. Hutchinson, S. Johnson, S. Rebain, R. Sparks, J. Stump, A. Valdez, S. Vandiver, R. Weston, and M. Young for directing us to or providing data for the calculations made here. We thank several people for providing data, including K. Worthington (Xcel Energy), J. Waugh (Rural Electric Co-op), B. Short (USDA-FS), and P. Magee (San Luis Valley GIS/GPS Authority). This manuscript was improved by helpful comments from B. Bakshi, M. Luck, D. Stern, D. Tilley, and three anonymous reviewers. Although the research described in this article has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency level review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 47 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 60 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 111 BP 279 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.07.005 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 036CY UT WOS:000311005200034 PM 22033065 ER PT J AU Heberling, MT Templeton, JJ Wu, SS AF Heberling, Matthew T. Templeton, Joshua J. Wu, Shanshan TI Green Net Regional Product for the San Luis Basin, Colorado: An economic measure of regional sustainability SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Colorado; Green Net Regional Product ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; NATURAL-RESOURCES; GENUINE SAVINGS; SYSTEMS; FOREST; AGRICULTURE; EMISSIONS; SCOTLAND; INCOME; COSTS AB This paper presents the data sources and methodology used to estimate Green Net Regional Product (CNRP), a green accounting approach, for the San Luis Basin (SLB). We measured the movement away from sustainability by examining the change in GNRP over time. Any attempt at green accounting requires both economic and natural capital data. However, limited data for the Basin requires a number of simplifying assumptions and requires transforming economic data at the national, state, and county levels to the level of the SLB. Given the contribution of agribusiness to the SLB, we included the depletion of both groundwater and soil as components in the depreciation of natural capital. We also captured the effect of the consumption of energy on climate change for future generations through carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In order to estimate the depreciation of natural capital, the shadow price of water for agriculture, the economic damages from soil erosion due to wind, and the social cost of carbon emissions were obtained from the literature and applied to the SLB using benefit transfer. We used Colorado's total factor productivity for agriculture to estimate the value of time (i.e., to include the effects of exogenous technological progress). We aggregated the economic data and the depreciation of natural capital for the SLB from 1980 to 2005. The results suggest that GNRP had a slight upward trend through most of this time period, despite temporary negative trends, the longest of which occurred during the period 1985-86 to 1987-88. However, given the upward trend in GNRP and the possibility of business cycles causing the temporary declines, there is no definitive evidence of moving away from sustainability. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Heberling, Matthew T.; Templeton, Joshua J.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Sustainable Environm Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Heberling, MT (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, MS 443,26 MLK Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Heberling.Matt@epa.gov OI Heberling, Matthew/0000-0003-1120-612X FU National Research Council Research Associateship Awards at USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX The views expressed herein are strictly the opinion of the authors and in no manner represent or reflect current or planned policy by the USEPA. We acknowledge Ray Bennett and Colorado's Decision Support Systems for estimating the water balance model for the Rio Grande River Basin and Richard Sparks for his help estimating soil erosion for the SLB. We thank Rafael Weston and John Stump for his helpful comments on the GNRP calculation and information about the region. Joshua Templeton and Shanshan Wu would like to acknowledge that part of this research was performed while holding National Research Council Research Associateship Awards at USEPA, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory. Finally, we thank three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved the paper. NR 77 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 30 PY 2012 VL 111 BP 287 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.02.035 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 036CY UT WOS:000311005200035 PM 22483369 ER PT J AU Choy, CA Davison, PC Drazen, JC Flynn, A Gier, EJ Hoffman, JC McClain-Counts, JP Miller, TW Popp, BN Ross, SW Sutton, TT AF Choy, C. Anela Davison, Peter C. Drazen, Jeffrey C. Flynn, Adrian Gier, Elizabeth J. Hoffman, Joel C. McClain-Counts, Jennifer P. Miller, Todd W. Popp, Brian N. Ross, Steve W. Sutton, Tracey T. TI Global Trophic Position Comparison of Two Dominant Mesopelagic Fish Families (Myctophidae, Stomiidae) Using Amino Acid Nitrogen Isotopic Analyses SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; AQUATIC FOOD-WEB; GULF-OF-MEXICO; STOMACH CONTENTS; STABLE ISOTOPES; PISCES; DIET; MICRONEKTON; ASSEMBLAGE; ABUNDANCE AB The delta N-15 values of organisms are commonly used across diverse ecosystems to estimate trophic position and infer trophic connectivity. We undertook a novel cross-basin comparison of trophic position in two ecologically well-characterized and different groups of dominant mid-water fish consumers using amino acid nitrogen isotope compositions. We found that trophic positions estimated from the delta N-15 values of individual amino acids are nearly uniform within both families of these fishes across five global regions despite great variability in bulk tissue delta N-15 values. Regional differences in the delta N-15 values of phenylalanine confirmed that bulk tissue delta N-15 values reflect region-specific water mass biogeochemistry controlling delta N-15 values at the base of the food web. Trophic positions calculated from amino acid isotopic analyses (AA-TP) for lanternfishes (family Myctophidae) (AA-TP similar to 2.9) largely align with expectations from stomach content studies (TP similar to 3.2), while AA-TPs for dragonfishes (family Stomiidae) (AA-TP similar to 3.2) were lower than TPs derived from stomach content studies (TP similar to 4.1). We demonstrate that amino acid nitrogen isotope analysis can overcome shortcomings of bulk tissue isotope analysis across biogeochemically distinct systems to provide globally comparative information regarding marine food web structure. C1 [Choy, C. Anela; Drazen, Jeffrey C.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Davison, Peter C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Flynn, Adrian] Univ Queensland, Sch Biomed Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Flynn, Adrian] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Marine & Atmospher Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Gier, Elizabeth J.; Popp, Brian N.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Hoffman, Joel C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [McClain-Counts, Jennifer P.] US Geol Survey, SE Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. [Miller, Todd W.] Ehime Univ, Global Ctr Excellence, Ctr Marine Environm Studies, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan. [Ross, Steve W.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. [Sutton, Tracey T.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. RP Choy, CA (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM cachoy@hawaii.edu RI Drazen, Jeffrey/C-1197-2013; OI Drazen, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9613-3833; Popp, Brian/0000-0001-7021-5478 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-1041329, OCE-0623551]; Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research [NA17RJ123]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA17RJ123]; Department of the Interior U.S.G.S. [05HQAG0009, 05099HS004, 5099HS0013] FX This research was funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant # OCE-1041329 to B.N.P. and J.C.D., NSF grant # OCE-0623551 to T.T.S., and by the Pelagic Fisheries Research Program via Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ123 between the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to J.C.D. and B.N.P. Field collections and data analyses for GOM samples were supported by grants to S.W.R. by the Department of the Interior U.S.G.S. (Cooperative Agreement 05HQAG0009, subagreements 05099HS004 and 5099HS0013). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 74 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 28 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e50133 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0050133 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 057YW UT WOS:000312601700034 PM 23209656 ER PT J AU Mackie, JA Darling, JA Geller, JB AF Mackie, Joshua A. Darling, John A. Geller, Jonathan B. TI Ecology of cryptic invasions: latitudinal segregation among Watersipora (Bryozoa) species SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID MARINE BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MYTILUS-GALLOPROVINCIALIS; INTEGRATED SOFTWARE; CHEILOSTOME BRYOZOA; COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; CALIFORNIA; ORGANISMS; PATTERNS; OCEAN AB Watersipora is an invasive genus of bryozoans, easily dispersed by fouled vessels. We examined Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I haplotypes from introduced populations on the US Pacific coastline to investigate geographic segregation of species and/or haplotypes. In California, the W. subtorquata group fell into three major sub-groups: W. subtorquata clades A and B, and W. "new sp.''. W. subtorquata clades A and B were common in southern California south of Point Conception, a recognized biogeographic boundary, whereas further north, W. subtorquata clade A andW. n. sp. were frequent. The southern California region also had colonies of a morphologically distinct species, W. arcuata, also found in southern Australia and Hawaii; COI variation indicates a common ancestral source(s) in these introductions. The distribution of Watersipora-complex lineages on different coastlines is shown to be temperature correlated. Accordingly, pre-exisitng temperature-based adaptations may play a key role in determining invasion patterns. C1 [Mackie, Joshua A.; Geller, Jonathan B.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Darling, John A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Mackie, JA (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. EM joshuamackie@gmail.com FU California Department of Fish and Game; California State University Council on Ocean Affairs, Science and Technology (COAST) consortium; National Science Foundation (NSF) [1061695] FX This work was supported by the California Department of Fish and Game (grant to Geller). J. Mackie was assisted by the California State University Council on Ocean Affairs, Science and Technology (COAST) consortium and National Science Foundation (NSF award #1061695) support. We thank M. Ashe, S. Foss, and M. Sowby at California Department of Fish and Game for encouragement and project guidance. R. Fairey and his group at the Marine Pollution Studies Laboratory at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories provided the majority of specimens used in this project. Several individuals kindly provided additional samples: A. Cohen, G. Jenkins, L. McCann, A. Miggoto, G. Ruiz, and J. Winston, or sequence information, Yong-Jin Won; or provided general assistance: R. Blackwell, S. Bros, S. Craig, D. Gerhinger, E. Jensen, A. Laruson, K. Messer, G. Schroeder. Though this work has been reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and cleared for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 76 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 51 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD NOV 28 PY 2012 VL 2 AR 871 DI 10.1038/srep00871 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048DJ UT WOS:000311890100001 PM 23213354 ER PT J AU Engler, RE AF Engler, Richard E. TI The Complex Interaction between Marine Debris and Toxic Chemicals in the Ocean SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; SEA-SURFACE MICROLAYER; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; SMALL PLASTIC PARTICLES; SOUTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; BISPHENOL-A; FOOD-WEB AB Marine debris, especially plastic debris, is widely recognized as a global environmental problem. There has been substantial research on the impacts of plastic marine debris, such as entanglement and ingestion. These impacts are largely due to the physical presence of plastic debris. In recent years there has been an increasing focus on the impacts of toxic chemicals as they relate to plastic debris. Some plastic debris acts as a source of toxic chemicals: substances that were added to the plastic during manufacturing leach from plastic debris. Plastic debris also acts as a sink for toxic chemicals. Plastic sorbs persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances (PBTs), such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins, from the water or sediment. These PBTs may desorb when the plastic is ingested by any of a variety of marine species. This broad look at the current research suggests that while there is significant uncertainty and complexity in the kinetics and thermodynamics of the interaction, plastic debris appears to act as a vector transferring PBTs from the water to the food web, increasing risk throughout the marine food web, including humans. Because of the extremely long lifetime of plastic and PBTs in the ocean, prevention strategies are vital to minimizing these risks. C1 US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Engler, RE (reprint author), US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM engler.richard@epa.gov RI Engler, Richard/J-3232-2012 OI Engler, Richard/0000-0001-7697-3106 NR 163 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 17 U2 249 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 22 BP 12302 EP 12315 DI 10.1021/es3027105 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 047WZ UT WOS:000311873500010 PM 23088563 ER PT J AU Knaack, JS Zhou, YT Abney, CW Prezioso, SM Magnuson, M Evans, R Jakubowski, EM Hardy, K Johnson, RC AF Knaack, Jennifer S. Zhou, Yingtao Abney, Carter W. Prezioso, Samantha M. Magnuson, Matthew Evans, Ronald Jakubowski, Edward M. Hardy, Katelyn Johnson, Rudolph C. TI High-Throughput Immunomagnetic Scavenging Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Live VX Nerve Agent in Water, Hamburger, and Soil Matrixes SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE BIOSENSOR; DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; EXTRACTION; PROTECTION; ELECTRODE; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; SENSORS AB We have developed a novel immunomagnetic scavenging technique for extracting cholinesterase inhibitors from aqueous matrixes using biological targeting and antibody-based extraction. The technique was characterized using the organophosphorus nerve agent VX. The limit of detection for VX in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade water, defined as the lowest calibrator concentration, was 25 pg/mL in a small, 500 mu L sample. The method was characterized over the course of 22 sample sets containing calibrators, blanks, and quality control samples. Method precision, expressed as the mean relative standard deviation, was less than 9.2% for all calibrators. Quality control sample accuracy was 102% and 100% of the mean for VX spiked into HPLC-grade water at concentrations of 2.0 and 0.25 ng/mL, respectively. This method successfully was applied to aqueous extracts from soil, hamburger, and finished tap water spiked with VX. Recovery was 65%, 81%, and 100% from these matrixes, respectively. Biologically based extractions of organophosphorus compounds represent a new technique for sample extraction that provides an increase in extraction specificity and sensitivity. C1 [Knaack, Jennifer S.; Zhou, Yingtao; Hardy, Katelyn; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Abney, Carter W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Prezioso, Samantha M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Magnuson, Matthew] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Evans, Ronald; Jakubowski, Edward M.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Emergency Response & Air Toxicants Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F44, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM RJohnson6@cdc.gov RI Abney, Carter/A-6710-2013; OI Abney, Carter/0000-0002-1809-9577 NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 22 BP 10052 EP 10057 DI 10.1021/ac3025224 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 055RP UT WOS:000312434800054 PM 23126363 ER PT J AU Ward-Caviness, C Neas, L Haynes, C Blach, C Burns, E LaRocque-Abramson, K Dowdy, E Casco, W Devlin, R Diaz-Sanchez, D Kraus, WE Shah, SH Gregory, SG Miranda, ML Hauser, ER AF Ward-Caviness, Cavin Neas, Lucas Haynes, Carol Blach, Colette Burns, Elizabeth LaRocque-Abramson, Karen Dowdy, Elaine Casco, Wayne Devlin, Robert Diaz-Sanchez, David Kraus, William E. Shah, Svati H. Gregory, Simon G. Miranda, Marie L. Hauser, Elizabeth R. TI Genetic Variants in the Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) Family of Genes Interact with Mobile Source Air Pollution to Increase Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Genome-wide association studies (GWAS); Air pollution; Peripheral arterial disease; Epidemiology C1 [Ward-Caviness, Cavin] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Neas, Lucas] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Haynes, Carol; Blach, Colette; Burns, Elizabeth; LaRocque-Abramson, Karen; Dowdy, Elaine; Kraus, William E.; Shah, Svati H.; Gregory, Simon G.; Hauser, Elizabeth R.] Duke Univ, Cntr Human Genet, Durham, NC USA. [Casco, Wayne; Devlin, Robert; Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Miranda, Marie L.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 20 PY 2012 VL 126 IS 21 SU S MA 17499 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA V31LL UT WOS:000208885007140 ER PT J AU Manzo, ND LaGier, AJ Slade, R Ledbetter, AD Richards, JH Dye, JA AF Manzo, Nicholas D. LaGier, Adriana J. Slade, Ralph Ledbetter, Allen D. Richards, Judy H. Dye, Janice A. TI Nitric oxide and superoxide mediate diesel particle effects in cytokine-treated mice and murine lung epithelial cells - implications for susceptibility to traffic-related air pollution SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Traffic; Diesel; Particles; Epithelial cells; Phagocytes; Nitric oxide; Peroxynitrite; Redox balance ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; EXHAUST PARTICLES; REACTIVE OXYGEN; ALLERGIC SENSITIZATION; RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY; PARTICULATE MATTER; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; NITROSATIVE STRESS; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; BIRTH COHORT AB Background: Epidemiologic studies associate childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution with increased respiratory infections and asthmatic and allergic symptoms. The strongest associations between traffic exposure and negative health impacts are observed in individuals with respiratory inflammation. We hypothesized that interactions between nitric oxide (NO), increased during lung inflammatory responses, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased as a consequence of traffic exposure - played a key role in the increased susceptibility of these at-risk populations to traffic emissions. Methods: Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) were used as surrogates for traffic particles. Murine lung epithelial (LA-4) cells and BALB/c mice were treated with a cytokine mixture (cytomix: TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, and IFN gamma) to induce a generic inflammatory state. Cells were exposed to saline or DEP (25 mu g/cm(2)) and examined for differential effects on redox balance and cytotoxicity. Likewise, mice undergoing nose-only inhalation exposure to air or DEP (2 mg/m(3) x 4 h/d x 2 d) were assessed for differential effects on lung inflammation, injury, antioxidant levels, and phagocyte ROS production. Results: Cytomix treatment significantly increased LA-4 cell NO production though iNOS activation. Cytomix + DEP-exposed cells incurred the greatest intracellular ROS production, with commensurate cytotoxicity, as these cells were unable to maintain redox balance. By contrast, saline + DEP-exposed cells were able to mount effective antioxidant responses. DEP effects were mediated by: (1) increased ROS including superoxide anion (O-2(-)), related to increased xanthine dehydrogenase expression and reduced cytosolic superoxide dismutase activity; and (2) increased peroxynitrite generation related to interaction of O-2(-) with cytokine-induced NO. Effects were partially reduced by superoxide dismutase (SOD) supplementation or by blocking iNOS induction. In mice, cytomix + DEP-exposure resulted in greater ROS production in lung phagocytes. Phagocyte and epithelial effects were, by and large, prevented by treatment with FeTMPyP, which accelerates peroxynitrite catalysis. Conclusions: During inflammation, due to interactions of NO and O-2(-), DEP-exposure was associated with nitrosative stress in surface epithelial cells and resident lung phagocytes. As these cell types work in concert to provide protection against inhaled pathogens and allergens, dysfunction would predispose to development of respiratory infection and allergy. Results provide a mechanism by which individuals with pre-existing respiratory inflammation are at increased risk for exposure to traffic-dominated urban air pollution. C1 [Manzo, Nicholas D.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [LaGier, Adriana J.] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Ft Myers, FL 33965 USA. [LaGier, Adriana J.; Slade, Ralph; Richards, Judy H.; Dye, Janice A.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ledbetter, Allen D.] US EPA, Inhalat Toxicol Facil Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Manzo, ND (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care, 2075 MSRBII,106 Res Dr,DUMC Box 103000, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM nicholas.manzo@duke.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-North Carolina State University [CT829470] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-North Carolina State University Cooperative agreement (CT829470). We thank Drs. M. Ian Gilmour, W. Linak, and colleagues in the US EPA Inhalation Toxicology Facility Branch for assistance with bulk DEP generation, characterization, and inhalation exposures; Drs. Jody Gookin and Jerry Law for assistance on study design; Drs. Philip Sannes, Gary Hatch, and M. Ian Gilmour for critical review of the manuscript; and Elizabeth Boykin for technical assistance with in vivo procedures. NR 82 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 22 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 43 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-9-43 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 080SU UT WOS:000314264400001 PM 23151036 ER PT J AU Fann, N Baker, KR Fulcher, CM AF Fann, Neal Baker, Kirk R. Fulcher, Charles M. TI Characterizing the PM2.5-related health benefits of emission reductions for 17 industrial, area and mobile emission sectors across the U.S. SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Benefit per-ton; PM2.5; BenMAP; Source apportionment ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES; MATTER; MODEL; APPORTIONMENT; MORTALITY; PM2.5 AB Background: Air pollution benefits assessments tend to be time and resource intensive. Reduced-form approaches offer computational efficiency, but may introduce uncertainty. Some reduced-form approaches apply simplified air quality models, which may not capture the complex non-linear chemistry governing the formation of certain pollutants such as PM2.5. Other approaches apply the results of sophisticated photochemical modeling, but characterize only a small number of source types in a limited geographic area. Methods: We apply CAMx source apportionment photochemical modeling, coupled with a PC-based human health benefits software program, to develop a suite of PM2.5 benefit per ton estimates. These per-ton estimates relate emission changes to health impacts and monetized benefits for 17 sectors across the continental U.S., including Electricity Generating Units (EGU), mobile, area and industrial point sources. Results: The benefit per ton of reducing directly emitted PM2.5 is about an order of magnitude larger than reducing emissions of PM2.5 precursor emissions. On a per-ton basis, the value of reducing directly emitted PM2.5 and PM2.5 precursors in 2005 ranges between approximately $1300 (2010$) for reducing a ton of NOx from Ocean-Going Vessels to about $450,000 (2010$) for reducing a ton of directly emitted PM2.5 from Iron and Steel facilities. The benefit per ton estimates for 2016 are generally higher than the 2005 estimates. The values estimated here are generally comparable with those generated using photochemical modeling, but larger than those calculated using simplified air quality models. Conclusions: Our approach characterizes well the per-ton benefits of reducing emissions from a broad array of 17 industrial point, EGU and mobile sectors, while our use of photochemical air quality modeling gives us greater confidence that we have accounted for the non-linear chemistry governing PM2.5 formation. The resulting benefit per-ton estimates thus represent a compromise between approaches that may simplify the treatment of PM2.5 air quality formation and those techniques that are based in photochemical modeling but account for only a small number of emission sources. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fann, Neal; Baker, Kirk R.; Fulcher, Charles M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Fann, N (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Fann.neal@epa.gov; Baker.kirk@epa.gov; Fulcher.charles@epa.gov OI Fann, Neal/0000-0002-6724-8575 NR 35 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 6 U2 63 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 49 BP 141 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2012.08.017 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 044DV UT WOS:000311600500016 PM 23022875 ER PT J AU Liang, ZB Keeley, A AF Liang, Zhanbei Keeley, Ann TI Comparison of propidium monoazide-quantitative PCR and reverse transcription quantitative PCR for viability detection of fresh Cryptosporidium oocysts following disinfection and after long-term storage in water samples SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium parvum; PMA; mRNA; Water concentrate; Disinfection; Long-term storage ID REAL-TIME PCR; IN-VITRO EXCYSTATION; HSP70 MESSENGER-RNA; PARVUM OOCYSTS; CELL-CULTURE; ANIMAL INFECTIVITY; RAPID DETECTION; INACTIVATION; QUANTIFICATION; OUTBREAKS AB Purified oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum were used to evaluate the applicability of two quantitative PCR (qPCR) viability detection methods in raw surface water and disinfection treated water. Propidium monoazide-qPCR targeting hsp70 gene was compared to reverse transcription (RT)-qPCR heat induced hsp70 mRNA in water samples spiked with oocysts. Changes in viability of flow cytometry sorted fresh and oocysts having undergone various aging periods (up to 48 months at 4 degrees C) were evaluated by Ct values obtained from the qPCR before and after disinfection scenarios involving ammonia or hydrogen peroxide. Both qPCR methods achieved stability in dose dependent responses by hydrogen peroxide treatment in distilled water that proved their suitability for the viability evaluations. Oocysts exposed to 3% hydrogen peroxide were inactivated at a rate of 0.26 h(-1) and 0.93 h(-1), as measured by the mRNA assay and the PMA-DNA assay, respectively. In contrast, the PMA-DNA assay was not as sensitive as the mRNA assay in detecting viability alterations followed by exposure to ammonia or after a long-term storage in 4 degrees C in distilled water since no dose response dependency was achieved. Surface water concentrates containing enhanced suspendable solids determined that changes in viability were frequently detected only by the mRNA method. Failure of, or inconsistency in the detection of oocysts viability with the PMA-DNA method, apparently resulted from solids that might have reduced light penetration through the samples, and thus inhibited the cross-linking step of PMA-DNA assay. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Keeley, Ann] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Liang, Zhanbei] CNR, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Keeley, A (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM keeley.ann@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This research was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The authors thank Waterborne Inc. for providing aged oocysts. This article has not been subjected to internal policy review of the U.S. EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency or its policies. NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 37 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 18 BP 5941 EP 5953 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.08.014 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 037TT UT WOS:000311130100011 PM 22980572 ER PT J AU McFarland, MJ Kumarsamy, K Brobst, RB Hais, A Schmitz, MD AF McFarland, Michael J. Kumarsamy, Karthik Brobst, Robert B. Hais, Alan Schmitz, Mark D. TI Groundwater quality protection at biosolids land application sites SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biosolids; Groundwater; Risk characterization; Land application AB Using the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Multimedia, Multipathway, Multi-receptor Exposure and Risk Assessment (3MRA) technology, a computer-based biosolids groundwater risk characterization screening tool (RCST) was developed. The RCST, which generates a non-carcinogenic human health risk estimate (i.e., hazard quotient or HQ value), has the ability to conduct screening-level risk-based characterization of potential human risks associated with pollutants released from biosolids land application sites. The HQ is a human health indicator that is equal to the ratio of the pollutant dose (mass of pollutant per unit body weight per time) to the specific pollutant reference dose (R(f)d) which, in turn, is a human health benchmark defined by the EPA as a scientific estimate of the daily exposure level. A HQ value equal to or greater than one (1) suggests that the resulting conditions pose an unacceptable risk to human health. The focus of the current study was to evaluate whether the present regulatory limits established for biosolids pollutants (e.g., heavy metals) were sufficiently protective of human health associated with potential groundwater consumption using a new EPA risk assessment tool. Application of the RCST to two biosolids land application sites located near Columbus, Georgia predicted that, when the depth to groundwater was maintained at a distance of at least 2 m, regulated pollutant concentrations as large as ten (10) times the current regulatory limit (i.e., Title 40 of the US Code of Federal Regulations Part 503 - Ceiling Concentration Limit) could be safely land applied at rates as high as ninety (90) Megagrams per hectare (Mg ha(-1)) with no apparent non-carcinogenic human health effects associated with groundwater consumption. At these pollutant concentrations, the HQ ranged from 1.79 x 10(-9) for cadmium to 3.03 x 10(-3) for selenium. Only under unrealistically high biosolids application rates were the public health risks associated with groundwater impairment characterized as significant (HQ >= 1.0). For example, when the biosolids application rate was increased to 450 Megagrams per hectare (Mg ha(-1)) and the pollutant concentrations were increased to ten times the 40 CFR Part 503 Ceiling Concentration Limit, a HQ value of 2.23 was estimated (selenium). Similarly, when the biosolids application rate was increased to 900 Mg ha(-1) and the pollutant concentrations were increased to ten times the regulatory limit, the HQ ranged varied from 1.4 (for zinc) to 324.0 (for selenium). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McFarland, Michael J.; Kumarsamy, Karthik] Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Brobst, Robert B.] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Hais, Alan] Water Environm Res Fdn, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. [Schmitz, Mark D.] Utah Div Water Qual, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. RP McFarland, MJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1405 Mt Logan Dr, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM farlandm@msn.com FU Water Environment Research Foundation [05-CST-2T] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Water Environment Research Foundation under grant 05-CST-2T. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 18 BP 5963 EP 5969 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.08.009 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 037TT UT WOS:000311130100013 PM 22939393 ER PT J AU Haugland, RA Siefring, S Lavender, J Varma, M AF Haugland, Richard A. Siefring, Shawn Lavender, Jennifer Varma, Manju TI Influences of sample interference and interference controls on quantification of enterococci fecal indicator bacteria in surface water samples by the qPCR method SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE qPCR method; Enterococci fecal indicator bacteria quantification; Surface water sample interference; Interference controls ID REAL-TIME PCR; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; CULTURE-BASED METHODS; QUANTITATIVE PCR; MARINE BEACHES; INHIBITION; QUALITY; ILLNESS; ASSAYS; SPP. AB A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method for the detection of enterococci fecal indicator bacteria has been shown to be generally applicable for the analysis of temperate fresh (Great Lakes) and marine coastal waters and for providing risk-based determinations of water quality at recreational beaches. In this study we further examined the applicability of the method for analyses of diverse inland waters as well as tropical marine waters from Puerto Rico based on the frequencies of samples showing presumptive PCR interference. Interference was assessed by salmon DNA sample processing control (SPC) and internal amplification control (IAC) assay analysis results and pre-established acceptance criteria of <3.0 and <1.5 cycle threshold (Ct) offsets from control samples, respectively. SPC assay results were accepted in analyses of 93% of the inland water samples whereas the criterion was met at frequencies of 60% and 97% in analyses of samples from Puerto Rico in two different years of sampling. The functionality of the control assays and their acceptance criteria was assessed on the basis of relative recovery estimates of spiked enterococci target organisms extracted in the presence of water sample filters and sample-free control filters and was supported by observations that recovery estimates from the water sample and control filters were substantially different for samples that failed these criteria. Through the combined use of the SPC and IAC assays, two presumptive types of interference were identified. One type, observed in the tropical marine water samples, appeared to primarily affect the availability of the DNA templates for detection. The second type, observed in river water samples, appeared to primarily affect PCR amplification efficiency. In the presence of DNA template interference, adjustments from SPC assay results by the Delta Delta Ct comparative Ct calculation method decreased the variability of spiked enterococci recovery estimates and increased the similarity with control filters as compared to unadjusted recovery estimates obtained by the Delta Ct calculation method. Use of a higher salmon DNA concentration in the extraction buffer also reduced this type of interference. The effects of amplification interference were largely reversed by dilution of the DNA extracts and even more effectively by the use of an alternative, commercial PCR reagent, designed for the analysis of environmental samples. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Haugland, Richard A.; Siefring, Shawn; Lavender, Jennifer; Varma, Manju] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Haugland, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM haugland.rich@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank the following individuals for generously providing water samples for these studies: Donald Stoeckel & Rebecca Bushon, U.S. Geological Survey; Gregory Kleinheinz, Univ. Wisconsin, Oshkosh; Jonathon Frodge, Kings County Metro. District; Mary Jo Bartles, Maryland Dept. Natural Resources; Pat Kilroy, City of Elsinore; Nancy Hall & Eric O'Brien, Univ. Iowa; Kirsti Sorsa, City of Madison; James Metzger, Chautaqua County; Muruleedhara Byappanahali & Richard Whitman, U.S. Geological Survey; Michelle Nemec, Baylor Univ.; Heidi Bauman, Minnesota Lake Superior Beach Monitoring Program; John Protonentis, Ocean County Health Dept.; Terri Davis; Yvette McKenna; Sharon Kluender, Univ. Wisconsin, Madison; Denene Blackwood, Univ. North Carolina, Moorehead City; Myron Honda, Hawaii Dept. of Health; Stacey Cochran and Jason Heath, Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission. We also thank Tim Wade & Elizabeth Sams, U.S. EPA, for their efforts in designing the water sampling scheme and overseeing the collection of water samples in Puerto Rico and Kevin Oshima for his comments on the manuscript. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. NR 27 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 47 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 18 BP 5989 EP 6001 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.08.017 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 037TT UT WOS:000311130100016 PM 22981586 ER PT J AU Sam, WJ Chamberlain, CE Lee, SJ Goldstein, JA Hale, DA Mannon, RB Kirk, AD Hon, YY AF Sam, Wai-Johnn Chamberlain, Christine E. Lee, Su-Jun Goldstein, Joyce A. Hale, Douglas A. Mannon, Roslyn B. Kirk, Allan D. Hon, Yuen Yi TI Associations of ABCB1 and IL-10 Genetic Polymorphisms With Sirolimus-Induced Dyslipidemia in Renal Transplant Recipients SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Sirolimus; ABCB1; Total and LDL cholesterol; Triglyceride; Pharmacogenetics ID RESISTANCE P-GLYCOPROTEINS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; FRAMINGHAM RISK SCORE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE REGIMENS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; COMMON VARIANTS; ATORVASTATIN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA AB Background. Hyperlipidemia is a common adverse effect of sirolimus (SRL). We previously showed significant associations of ABCB1 3435C>T and IL-10 -1082G>A with log-transformed SRL dose-adjusted weighted-normalized trough. We further examined to see whether these polymorphisms were also associated with SRL-induced dyslipidemia. Methods. Genotyping was performed for ABCB1 1236C>T, 2677 G>T/A, and 3435C>T; CYP3A4 -392A>G; CYP3A5 6986A>G and 14690G>A; IL-10 -1082G>A; TNF -308G>A; and ApoE epsilon 2, epsilon 3, and epsilon 4 alleles. The longitudinal changes of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels after SRL treatment before statin therapy were analyzed by a linear mixed-effects model, with adjustments for selected covariates for each lipid. Results. Under the dominant genetic model, ABCB1 3435C>T was associated with TC (P=0.0001) and LDL-C (P<0.0001) values after SRL administration. Mean TC and LDL-C levels were 26.9 and 24.9 mg/dL higher, respectively, in ABCB1 3435T carriers than 3435CC homozygotes at an average SRL trough concentration of 4 ng/mL without concomitant medication. ABCB1 1236C>T under the recessive model and IL-10 -1082G>A under the dominant model were associated with log-transformed TG values (P=0.0051 and 0.0436, respectively). Mean TG value was 25.1% higher in ABCB1 1236TT homozygotes compared with ABCB1 1236C carriers and was 12.4% higher in IL-10 -1082AA homozygotes than -1082G carriers. Conclusions. ABCB1 polymorphisms were found to be associated with lipid responses to SRL treatment, confirming the role of ABCB1 gene in SRL pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Further studies are necessary to define the role of ABCB1 and IL-10 polymorphisms on SRL-induced dyslipidemia in renal transplantation. C1 [Sam, Wai-Johnn; Chamberlain, Christine E.; Hon, Yuen Yi] NIH, Ctr Clin, Dept Pharm, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lee, Su-Jun; Goldstein, Joyce A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hale, Douglas A.; Mannon, Roslyn B.; Kirk, Allan D.] NIDDKD, Transplantat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lee, Su-Jun] Inje Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Coll Med, Pusan, South Korea. [Hale, Douglas A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Div Kidney Pancreas Transplantat, Nashville, TN USA. [Mannon, Roslyn B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Kirk, Allan D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kirk, Allan D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hon, YY (reprint author), NIH, Ctr Clin, Dept Pharm, Bldg 10,Rm 1C240,10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM chon@cc.nih.gov FU National Institutes of Health Clinical Center Pharmacy Department, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Transplantation Branch; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES02124] FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center Pharmacy Department, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Transplantation Branch, and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES02124). There was no commercial sponsorship. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 94 IS 9 BP 971 EP 977 DI 10.1097/TP.0b013e31826b55e2 PG 7 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 033JN UT WOS:000310791500016 PM 23073467 ER PT J AU Choi, H Nfodzo, PA Lawal, WA Al-Abed, SR Seo, Y AF Choi, Hyeok Nfodzo, Prince A. Lawal, Wasiu A. Al-Abed, Souhail R. Seo, Youngwoo TI Phenomenological and spectroscopic analysis on the effects of sediment ageing and organic carbon on the fate of a PCB congener spiked to sediment SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; Aquatic sediment; Fate and transport; Sorption and desorption; Ageing and organic carbon ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ACTIVATED CARBON; SORPTION; DECHLORINATION; ADSORPTION; DESORPTION; BEHAVIOR; PARTICLES; CHEMICALS AB This study assesses the full cycle transport and fate of a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener spiked to sediment to empirically and spectroscopically investigate the effects of sediment ageing and organic carbon on the adsorption, desorption, and reaction of the PCB. Caesar Creek sediment (CCS) was oxidized to remove amorphous organic carbon (AOC) followed by soot carbon (SC), spiked and aged with 2-chlorobiphenyl (2-ClBP), mixed with various aquatic solutions, and treated on reactive activated carbon (RAC) impregnated with palladized iron. Results showed that 2-ClBP sorption isotherms and kinetic parameters well reflected the critical influence of AOC and SC on the sorption behavior of 2-ClBP. Infrared analysis implied the presence of preferred 2-ClBP sorption sites within the sediment matrix. The shift in the C-H vibrational frequencies of 2-ClBP bound to CCS was more apparent in cases of higher organic content (particularly SC) and longer ageing time, which made 2-ClBP more sorbed and strongly bound to CCS and thus made it more difficult to desorb 2-ClBP. The ageing effect on 2-ClBP binding was more prominent in the presence of organic carbon. Only desorbed 2-ClBP was transported to the target RAC for its physical adsorption and chemical dechlorination. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Choi, Hyeok; Nfodzo, Prince A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Lawal, Wasiu A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Environm & Earth Sci Program, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Seo, Youngwoo] Univ Toledo, Dept Civil Engn, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Choi, H (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, 416 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM hchoi@uta.edu FU Texas Water Resources Institute; U.S. Geological Survey [G11AP20108]; National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, Ohio FX This research was funded in part by the Texas Water Resources Institute Graduate Student Program Grant sponsored by U.S. Geological Survey (G11AP20108) and funded and conducted in part at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, Ohio. This paper has not been subjected to internal policy review of the U.S. EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency or its policy. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 239 BP 325 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.09.001 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 033AC UT WOS:000310763600040 PM 23000240 ER PT J AU Chang, NB Qi, C Yang, YJ AF Chang, Ni-Bin Qi, Cheng Yang, Y. Jeffrey TI Optimal expansion of a drinking water infrastructure system with respect to carbon footprint, cost-effectiveness and water demand SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Water supply; Multiobjective programming; Systems analysis; Regionalization; Carbon footprint; Adaptive water resources management ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; CAPACITY EXPANSION; MANAGEMENT; INDICATORS; FRAMEWORK; AGRICULTURE AB Urban water infrastructure expansion requires careful long-term planning to reduce the risk from climate change during periods of both economic boom and recession. As part of the adaptation management strategies, capacity expansion in concert with other management alternatives responding to the population dynamics, ecological conservation, and water management policies should be systematically examined to balance the water supply and demand temporally and spatially with different scales. To mitigate the climate change impact, this practical implementation often requires a multiobjective decision analysis that introduces economic efficiencies and carbon-footprint matrices simultaneously. The optimal expansion strategies for a typical water infrastructure system in South Florida demonstrate the essence of the new philosophy. Within our case study, the multiobjective modeling framework uniquely features an integrated evaluation of transboundary surface and groundwater resources and quantitatively assesses the interdependencies among drinking water supply, wastewater reuse, and irrigation water permit transfer as the management options expand throughout varying dimensions. With the aid of a multistage planning methodology over the partitioned time horizon, such a systems analysis has resulted in a full-scale screening and sequencing of multiple competing objectives across a suite of management strategies. These strategies that prioritize 20 options provide a possible expansion schedule over the next 20 years that improve water infrastructure resilience and at low life-cycle costs. The proposed method is transformative to other applications of similar water infrastructure systems elsewhere in the world. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, Ni-Bin] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Chang, Ni-Bin; Qi, Cheng] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Ind Engn & Management Syst, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@mail.ucf.edu RI McLean, Laurence /C-7367-2014 FU US EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX The financial and administrative support from the US EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. The authors are also grateful for all the data and reports cited and used in this study. Conclusions and opinions presented in this paper are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the position of the U.S. EPA. Mention of commercial products, trade names or services in the paper does not convey endorsement, or recommendation. The authors are also greatly appreciated for the comments and historical data provided by Mr. Mark Simpson and Mr. Bruce Macleod from Manatee County Utilities Department. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 68 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD NOV 15 PY 2012 VL 110 BP 194 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.06.004 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015ZK UT WOS:000309486700021 PM 22789655 ER PT J AU Patil, S Sivapalan, M Hassan, MA Ye, S Harman, CJ Xu, XY AF Patil, Sopan Sivapalan, Murugesu Hassan, Marwan A. Ye, Sheng Harman, Ciaran J. Xu, Xiangyu TI A network model for prediction and diagnosis of sediment dynamics at the watershed scale SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; SOIL-EROSION MODEL; GOODWIN CREEK; TRANSPORT MODELS; RIVER-BASIN; AUSTRALIA; PATTERNS; CHANNEL; SYSTEM; YIELD AB We present a semi-distributed model that simulates suspended sediment export from a watershed in two stages: (1) delivery of sediments from hillslope and bank erosion into the river channel, and (2) propagation of the channel sediments through the river network toward the watershed outlet. The model conceptualizes a watershed as the collection of reaches, or representative elementary watersheds (REW), that are connected to each other through the river network, and each REW comprises a lumped representation of a hillslope and channel component. The flow of water along the stream network is modeled through coupled mass and momentum balance equations applied in all REWs and sediment transport within each REW is simulated through the sediment balance equations. Every reach receives sediment inputs from upstream REWs (if present) and from the erosion of adjacent hillslopes, banks and channel bed. We tested this model using 12 years (1982-1993) of high temporal resolution data from Goodwin Creek, a 21.3 km(2) watershed in Mississippi, USA. The model yields good estimates of sediment export patterns at the watershed outlet, with Pearson correlation coefficient (R value) of 0.85, 0.87, and 0.95 at daily, monthly, and annual resolution, respectively. Furthermore, the model shows that the dynamics of sediment transport are controlled to a large extent by the differences in the behavior of coarse and fine sediment particles, temporary channel storage, and the spatial variability in climatic forcing. These processes have a bearing on the patterns of sediment delivery with increasing scale. C1 [Patil, Sopan] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Patil, Sopan] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Sivapalan, Murugesu; Ye, Sheng] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sivapalan, Murugesu] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hassan, Marwan A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Harman, Ciaran J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Harman, Ciaran J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ USA. [Xu, Xiangyu] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Hydraul Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Patil, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM sopan.patil@gmail.com RI Patil, Sopan/E-8497-2011; Sivapalan, Murugesu/A-3538-2008; Harman, Ciaran/A-7974-2013 OI Patil, Sopan/0000-0002-8575-5220; Sivapalan, Murugesu/0000-0003-3004-3530; Harman, Ciaran/0000-0002-3185-002X FU NSF [EAR-0636043] FX Work on this paper commenced during the Summer Institute organized at the University of British Columbia (UBC) during June-August 2010 as part of the NSF-funded Hydrologic Synthesis project, "Water Cycle Dynamics in a Changing Environment: Advancing Hydrologic Science through Synthesis" (NSF grant EAR-0636043, M. Sivapalan, PI). We acknowledge the support and advice of numerous participants at the Summer Institute (students and faculty mentors). We would also like to thank Alexander Densmore (editor), John Pitlick (associate editor), Peter Wilcock, and the two anonymous reviewers for providing insightful comments that have greatly improved this paper. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 29 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD NOV 9 PY 2012 VL 117 AR F00A04 DI 10.1029/2012JF002400 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 035PY UT WOS:000310961200002 ER PT J AU Kim, CK Toft, JE Papenfus, M Verutes, G Guerry, AD Ruckelshaus, MH Arkema, KK Guannel, G Wood, SA Bernhardt, JR Tallis, H Plummer, ML Halpern, BS Pinsky, ML Beck, MW Chan, F Chan, KMA Levin, PS Polasky, S AF Kim, Choong-Ki Toft, Jodie E. Papenfus, Michael Verutes, Gregory Guerry, Anne D. Ruckelshaus, Marry H. Arkema, Katie K. Guannel, Gregory Wood, Spencer A. Bernhardt, Joanna R. Tallis, Heather Plummer, Mark L. Halpern, Benjamin S. Pinsky, Malin L. Beck, Michael W. Chan, Francis Chan, Kai M. A. Levin, Phil S. Polasky, Stephen TI Catching the Right Wave: Evaluating Wave Energy Resources and Potential Compatibility with Existing Marine and Coastal Uses SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CONVERTERS; IMPACTS; POWER AB Many hope that ocean waves will be a source for clean, safe, reliable and affordable energy, yet wave energy conversion facilities may affect marine ecosystems through a variety of mechanisms, including competition with other human uses. We developed a decision-support tool to assist siting wave energy facilities, which allows the user to balance the need for profitability of the facilities with the need to minimize conflicts with other ocean uses. Our wave energy model quantifies harvestable wave energy and evaluates the net present value (NPV) of a wave energy facility based on a capital investment analysis. The model has a flexible framework and can be easily applied to wave energy projects at local, regional, and global scales. We applied the model and compatibility analysis on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada to provide information for ongoing marine spatial planning, including potential wave energy projects. In particular, we conducted a spatial overlap analysis with a variety of existing uses and ecological characteristics, and a quantitative compatibility analysis with commercial fisheries data. We found that wave power and harvestable wave energy gradually increase offshore as wave conditions intensify. However, areas with high economic potential for wave energy facilities were closer to cable landing points because of the cost of bringing energy ashore and thus in nearshore areas that support a number of different human uses. We show that the maximum combined economic benefit from wave energy and other uses is likely to be realized if wave energy facilities are sited in areas that maximize wave energy NPV and minimize conflict with existing ocean uses. Our tools will help decision-makers explore alternative locations for wave energy facilities by mapping expected wave energy NPV and helping to identify sites that provide maximal returns yet avoid spatial competition with existing ocean uses. C1 [Kim, Choong-Ki; Toft, Jodie E.; Papenfus, Michael; Verutes, Gregory; Guerry, Anne D.; Ruckelshaus, Marry H.; Arkema, Katie K.; Guannel, Gregory; Wood, Spencer A.; Bernhardt, Joanna R.; Tallis, Heather] Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kim, Choong-Ki] Inha Univ, Ocean Sci & Technol Inst, Inchon, South Korea. [Papenfus, Michael] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. [Bernhardt, Joanna R.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Plummer, Mark L.; Levin, Phil S.] NOAA NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Halpern, Benjamin S.] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Pinsky, Malin L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Beck, Michael W.] Nature Conservancy, Global Marine Team, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Chan, Francis] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Chan, Kai M. A.] Univ British Columbia, IRES, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Polasky, Stephen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Kim, CK (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM ckim3@stanford.edu RI Pinsky, Malin/K-2884-2015 OI Pinsky, Malin/0000-0002-8523-8952 FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [1874] FX Funding was provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Grant 1874, http://www.moore.org). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 62 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e47598 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0047598 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048TK UT WOS:000311935800024 PM 23144824 ER PT J AU Martinovic-Weigelt, D Ekman, DR Villeneuve, DL James, CM Teng, Q Collette, TW Ankley, GT AF Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma Ekman, Drew R. Villeneuve, Daniel L. James, Channing M. Teng, Quincy Collette, Timothy W. Ankley, Gerald T. TI Fishy Aroma of Social Status: Urinary Chemo-Signalling of Territoriality in Male Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN CICHLID FISH; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT; BILE-ACIDS; OLFACTORY SENSITIVITY; SPAWNING READINESS; FIGHTING BEHAVIOR; CHEMICAL SIGNALS; SEX-PHEROMONE AB Chemical structures of several urinary reproductive pheromones in fish have been identified, and their role in the chemical communication of reproductive condition is well characterized. On the contrary, the role of chemical communication in signalling of social/territorial status in fish is poorly understood. Fathead minnows are an example of a fish species whose life history traits appear conducive to evolution of chemical communication systems that confer information about social/territorial status. Male reproduction in this species is dependent upon their ability to acquire and defend a high quality nesting territory, and to attract a female to the nest. We hypothesized that fathead minnow males use visual and urine-derived chemical cues to signal territorial status. To test this hypothesis, effects of territorial acquisition on male-specific secondary sex characteristics (SSCs) and urine volumes were first assessed. Second, frequencies of male urination in varying social contexts were examined. Finally, nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics was used to identify urinary metabolites that were differentially excreted in the urine of territorial versus non-territorial males. The expression of SSCs, sperm, and urine volumes increased with territory acquisition, and either remained unchanged or decreased in non-territorial males. Frequency of male urination increased significantly in the presence of females (but not males), suggesting that females are the main target of the urinary signals. Territorial and non-territorial males had distinct urinary metabolomic profiles. An unforeseen finding was that one could discern future territorial status of males, based on their initial metabolomic profiles. Bile acids and volatile amines were identified as potential chemical signals of social status in the fathead minnow. The finding that trimethylamine (a fishy smelling volatile amine) may be a social cue is particularly interesting, because it is known to bind trace amine-associated receptors, indicating that these receptors may play role in chemical signalling of social status in fish. C1 [Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma; James, Channing M.] Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN USA. [Ekman, Drew R.; Teng, Quincy; Collette, Timothy W.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Martinovic-Weigelt, D (reprint author), Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN USA. EM dalma@stthomas.edu OI Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965 FU U.S. EPA; University of Saint Thomas; National Academy of Sciences through National Research Council's Research Associate Program FX This work was funded by the U.S. EPA and University of Saint Thomas. DM was also funded by the National Academy of Sciences through National Research Council's Research Associate Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 65 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 AR e46579 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0046579 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048TK UT WOS:000311935800006 PM 23144784 ER PT J AU Wang, YG Li, YS Costanza, J Abriola, LM Pennell, KD AF Wang, Yonggang Li, Yusong Costanza, Jed Abriola, Linda M. Pennell, Kurt D. TI Enhanced Mobility of Fullerene (C-60) Nanoparticles in the Presence of Stabilizing Agents SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; RESIDUAL DODECANE; SOIL COLUMNS; QUARTZ SANDS; IRON-OXIDE; HUMIC-ACID; TRANSPORT; DEPOSITION; AGGREGATION AB Experimental and mathematical modeling studies were performed to examine the effects of stabilizing agents on the transport and retention of fullerene nanoparticles (nC(60)) in water-saturated quartz sand. Three stabilizing systems were considered: naturally occurring compounds known to stabilize nanoparticles (Suwannee river humic acid (SRHA) and fulvic acid (SRFA)), synthetic additives used to enhance nanoparticle stability (Tween 80, a nonionic surfactant), and residual contaminants resulting from the manufacturing process (tetrahydrofuran (THF)). The results of column experiments demonstrated that the presence of THF, at concentrations up to 44.5 mg/L, did not alter nC(60) transport and retention behavior, whereas addition of SRHA (20 mg C/L), SRFA (20 mg Cl L), or Tween 80 (1000 mg/L) to the influent nC(60) suspensions dramatically increased the mobility of nC(60), as demonstrated by coincidental nanoparticle and nonreactive tracer effluent breakthrough curves (BTCs) and minimal nC(60) retention. When columns were preflushed with surfactant, nC(60) transport was significantly enhanced compared to that in the absence of a stabilizing agent The presence of adsorbed Tween 80 resulted in nC(60) BTCs characterized by a declining plateau and retention profiles that exhibited hyperexponential decay. The observed nC(60) transport and retention behavior was accurately captured by a mathematical model that accounted for coupled surfactant adsorption-desorption dynamics, surfactant nanoparticle interactions, and particle attachment kinetics. C1 [Wang, Yonggang; Abriola, Linda M.; Pennell, Kurt D.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Li, Yusong] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Costanza, Jed] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. RP Pennell, KD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 200 Coll Ave, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM kurt.pennell@tufts.edu RI Pennell, Kurt/F-6862-2010; Li, Yusong/D-8797-2013 OI Pennell, Kurt/0000-0002-5788-6397; FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program [RD-832535]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET-0854136] FX We thank Dr. Nils Kroger, Georgia Institute of Technology, for providing access to a Malvern Zetasizer instrument. This research was supported by Grant RD-832535 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program and Grant CBET-0854136 from the National Science Foundation (NSF). NR 52 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 119 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 21 BP 11761 EP 11769 DI 10.1021/es302541g PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031TK UT WOS:000310665000034 PM 22973990 ER PT J AU Fernandez, LA Lao, WJ Maruya, KA White, C Burgess, RM AF Fernandez, Loretta A. Lao, Wenjian Maruya, Keith A. White, Carmen Burgess, Robert M. TI Passive Sampling to Measure Baseline Dissolved Persistent Organic Pollutant Concentrations in the Water Column of the Palos Verdes Shelf Superfund Site SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; CALIFORNIA; CONTAMINANTS; SAMPLERS; RATES; DDE AB Passive sampling was used to deduce water concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the vicinity of a marine Superfund site on the Palos Verdes Shelf, California, USA. Precalibrated solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibers and polyethylene (PE) strips that were preloaded with performance reference compounds (PRCs) were codeployed for 32 d along an 11-station gradient at bottom, surface, and midwater depths. Retrieved samplers were analyzed for DDT congeners and their breakdown products (DDE, DDD, DDMU, and DDNU) and 43 PCB congeners using GC-EI- and NCI-MS. PRCs were used to calculate compound-specific fractional equilibration achieved in situ for the PE samplers, using both an exponential approach to equilibrium (EAE) and numerical integration of Fickian diffusion (NI) models. The highest observed concentrations were for p,p'-DDE, with 2200 and 990 pg/L deduced from PE and SPME, respectively. The difference in these estimates could be largely attributed to uncertainty in equilibrium partition coefficients, unaccounted for disequilibrium between samplers and water, or different time scales over which the samplers average. The concordance between PE and SPME estimated concentrations for DDE was high (R-2 = 0.95). PCBs were only detected in PE samplers, due to their much larger size. Near-bottom waters adjacent to and down current from sediments with the highest bulk concentrations exhibited aqueous concentrations of DDTs and PCBs that exceeded Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC) for human and aquatic health, indicating the need for future monitoring to determine the effectiveness of remedial activities taken to reduce adverse effects of contaminated surface sediments. C1 [Fernandez, Loretta A.; Burgess, Robert M.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Lao, Wenjian; Maruya, Keith A.] SCCWRP, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [White, Carmen] US EPA, San Francisco, CA 94109 USA. RP Fernandez, LA (reprint author), US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM lorettaf@alum.mit.edu NR 30 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 114 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 21 BP 11937 EP 11947 DI 10.1021/es302139y PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031TK UT WOS:000310665000055 PM 23062073 ER PT J AU Xie, MJ Hannigan, MP Dutton, SJ Milford, JB Hemann, JG Miller, SL Schauer, JJ Peel, JL Vedal, S AF Xie, Mingjie Hannigan, Michael P. Dutton, Steven J. Milford, Jana B. Hemann, Joshua G. Miller, Shelly L. Schauer, James J. Peel, Jennifer L. Vedal, Sverre TI Positive Matrix Factorization of PM2.5: Comparison and Implications of Using Different Speciation Data Sets SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIESEL PARTICULATE MATTER; REGIONAL AIR-POLLUTION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; TIME-SERIES; AEROSOL; MARKER; DENVER AB To evaluate the utility and consistency of different speciation data sets in source apportionment of PM2.5, positive matrix factorization (PMF) coupled with a bootstrap technique for uncertainty assessment was applied to four different 1-year data sets composed of bulk species, bulk species and water-soluble elements (WSE), bulk species and organic molecular markers (OMM), and all species. The five factors resolved by using only the bulk species best reproduced the observed concentrations of PM2.5 components. Combining WSE with bulk species as PMF inputs also produced five factors. Three of them were linked to soil, road dust, and processed dust, and together contributed 26.0% of reconstructed PM2.5 mass. A 7-factor PMF solution was identified using speciated OMM and bulk species. The EC/sterane and summertime/selective aliphatic factors had the highest contributions to EC (39.0%) and OC (53.8%), respectively. The nine factors resolved by including all species as input data are consistent with those from the previous two solutions (WSE and bulk species, OMM and bulk species) in both factor profiles and contributions (r = 0.88-1.00). The comparisons across different solutions indicate that the selection of input data set may depend on the PM components or sources of interest for specific source-oriented health study. C1 [Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Schauer, James J.] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Coll Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Peel, Jennifer L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Vedal, Sverre] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hannigan, MP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Ctr Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Michael.Hannigan@Colorado.edu FU NIEHS [RO1 ES010197] FX This work was supported by NIEHS research grant RO1 ES010197. We acknowledge the contributions of Sheila Burns, Pat McGraw, and Bradley Rink (CDPHE) for their help with STN data retrieval, and Joni Rix (Denver Public School District) and Palmer Elementary School faculty and staff for their assistance with the sampling site. We are appreciative of the sampling and analysis effort undertaken by Toni Newville and Cathy Vos. NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 21 BP 11962 EP 11970 DI 10.1021/es302358g PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031TK UT WOS:000310665000058 PM 22985292 ER PT J AU van Donkelaar, A Martin, RV Pasch, AN Szykman, JJ Zhang, L Wang, YXX Chen, D AF van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. Pasch, Adam N. Szykman, James J. Zhang, Lin Wang, Yuxuan X. Chen, Dan TI Improving the Accuracy of Daily Satellite-Derived Ground-Level Fine Aerosol Concentration Estimates for North America SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; AIR-POLLUTION; OPTICAL DEPTH; TRANSPACIFIC TRANSPORT; PARTICULATE MATTER; INTEX-B; MORTALITY; QUALITY; CITIES; PM2.5 AB We improve the accuracy of daily ground-level fine particulate matter concentrations (PM2.5) derived from satellite observations (MODIS and MISR) of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) calculations of the relationship between AOD and PM2.5. This improvement is achieved by (1) applying climatological ground-based regional bias-correction factors based upon comparison with In situ PM2.5, and (2) applying spatial smoothing to reduce random uncertainty and extend coverage. Initial daily 1-sigma mean uncertainties are reduced across the United States and southern Canada from +/- (1 mu g/m(3) + 67%) to +/- (1 mu g/m(3) + 54%) by applying the climatological ground-based regional scaling factors. Spatial interpolation increases the coverage of satellite-derived PM2.5 estimates without increased uncertainty when in close proximity to direct AOD retrievals. Spatial smoothing further reduces the daily 1-sigma uncertainty to +/-(1 mu g/m(3) + 42%) by limiting the random component of uncertainty. We additionally find similar performance for climatological relationships of AOD to PM2.5 as compared to day-specific relationships. C1 [van Donkelaar, Aaron; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Chen, Dan] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Wang, Yuxuan X.] Tsinghua Univ, Minist Educ Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Inst Global Change Studies, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Lin] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Szykman, James J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Hampton, VA USA. [Pasch, Adam N.] Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA USA. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP van Donkelaar, A (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM Aaron.van.Donkelaar@dal.ca RI Zhang, Lin/A-6729-2008; Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Wang, Yuxuan/C-6902-2014; Zhang, Lin/H-9801-2014; Chen, Dan/R-4486-2016 OI Zhang, Lin/0000-0003-2383-8431; Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Wang, Yuxuan/0000-0002-1649-6974; FU NASA; Government of Canada through the Federal Department of the Environment FX This work was supported by NASA and by the Government of Canada through the Federal Department of the Environment. We thank Bob Vet and Amy Hou for providing the bias-corrected TEOM data. We thank David Holland and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 43 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 21 BP 11971 EP 11978 DI 10.1021/es3025319 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031TK UT WOS:000310665000059 PM 23013040 ER PT J AU Jeong, CH Wagner, ED Siebert, VR Anduri, S Richardson, SD Daiber, EJ McKague, AB Kogevinas, M Villanueva, CM Goslan, EH Luo, WT Isabelle, LM Pankow, JF Grazuleviciene, R Cordier, S Edwards, SC Righi, E Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ Plewa, MJ AF Jeong, Clara H. Wagner, Elizabeth D. Siebert, Vincent R. Anduri, Sridevi Richardson, Susan D. Daiber, Eric J. McKague, A. Bruce Kogevinas, Manolis Villanueva, Cristina M. Goslan, Emma H. Luo, Wentai Isabelle, Lorne M. Pankow, James F. Grazuleviciene, Regina Cordier, Sylvaine Edwards, Susan C. Righi, Elena Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J. Plewa, Michael J. TI Occurrence and Toxicity of Disinfection Byproducts in European Drinking Waters in Relation with the HIWATE Epidemiology Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; COMET ASSAY; BLADDER-CANCER; BIRTH-WEIGHT; FETAL-GROWTH; EXPOSURE; TRIHALOMETHANES; CHLORINATION; GENOTOXICITY AB The HIWATE (Health Impacts of long-term exposure to disinfection byproducts in drinking WATEr) project was a systematic analysis that combined the epidemiology on adverse pregnancy outcomes and other health effects with long-term exposure to low levels of drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in the European Union. The present study focused on the relationship of the occurrence and concentration of DBPs with in vitro mammalian cell toxicity. Eleven drinking water samples were collected from five European countries. Each sampling location corresponded with an epidemiological study for the HIWATE program. Over 90 DBPs were identified; the range in the number of DBPs and their levels reflected the diverse collection sites, different disinfection processes, and the different characteristics of the source waters. For each sampling site, chronic mammalian cell cytotoxicity correlated highly with the numbers of DBPs identified and the levels of DBP chemical classes. Although there was a clear difference in the genotoxic responses among the drinking waters, these data did not correlate as well with the chemical analyses. Thus, the agents responsible for the genomic DNA damage observed in the HIWATE samples may be due to unresolved associations of combinations of identified DBPs, unknown emerging DBPs that were not identified, or other toxic water contaminants This study represents the first to integrate quantitative in vitro toxicological data with analytical chemistry and human epidemiologic outcomes for drinking water DBPs. C1 [Jeong, Clara H.; Wagner, Elizabeth D.; Siebert, Vincent R.; Plewa, Michael J.] Univ Illinois, Coll Agr Consumer & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Anduri, Sridevi; Richardson, Susan D.; Daiber, Eric J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [McKague, A. Bruce] CanSyn Chem Corp, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Kogevinas, Manolis; Villanueva, Cristina M.; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol CREAL, Barcelona, Spain. [Goslan, Emma H.] Cranfield Univ, Cranfield Water Sci Inst, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England. [Luo, Wentai; Isabelle, Lorne M.; Pankow, James F.] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Grazuleviciene, Regina] Vytautas Magnus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Kaunas, Lithuania. [Cordier, Sylvaine] Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France. [Edwards, Susan C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC HPA Ctr Environm & Hlth, London, England. [Righi, Elena] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Modena, Italy. RP Plewa, MJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Agr Consumer & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM mplewa@illinois.edu RI Goslan, Emma/A-6580-2011; Righi, Elena/B-8345-2013; Villanueva, Cristina/N-1942-2014; Cordier, Sylvaine/F-7919-2013; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/C-3914-2017; Kogevinas, Manolis/C-3918-2017 OI Goslan, Emma/0000-0003-0367-226X; Righi, Elena/0000-0002-3469-7446; Villanueva, Cristina/0000-0002-0783-1259; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark/0000-0001-9461-7981; FU HIWATE; EU [Food-CT-2006-036224]; Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems (Water-CAMPWS), a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center [CTS-0120978]; NIEHS [T32 ES007326] FX The work was supported by HIWATE (www.hiwate.org) project, funded under the EU (Contract No. Food-CT-2006-036224). We appreciate support by the Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems (Water-CAMPWS), a National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center, under Award CTS-0120978. C.J. was supported by a NIEHS Predoctoral Fellowship under Grant No. T32 ES007326. We thank Adonina Tardon and Ferran Ballester for their assistance with obtaining the Spanish water samples. We thank Jessie Merriam and Matthew Bloodgood for assistance with analyzing GC/MS data, Mike Riley and Leco Corporation for their loan of the Pegasus software, Yongdong Wang and Ming Gu of Cerno Bioscience for assistance with Massworks, and Sean Crook of Waters Corporation for assistance with high resolution analyses. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. EPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. NR 52 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 6 U2 132 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 6 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 21 BP 12120 EP 12128 DI 10.1021/es3024226 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 031TK UT WOS:000310665000077 PM 22958121 ER PT J AU Hochhalter, AK Bryant, LL Hunter, R Liu, R Friedman, DB Price, AE Sharkey, J Reddy, S Caprio, AJ McCrystle, S AF Hochhalter, Angela K. Bryant, Lucinda L. Hunter, Rebecca Liu, Rui Friedman, Daniela B. Price, Anna E. Sharkey, Joseph Reddy, Swarna Caprio, Anthony J. McCrystle, Sindy TI Multisite Qualitative Study of Primary Care Physicians' and Midlevel Providers' Self-Reported Practices and Perceptions About Maintaining Cognitive Health SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID OLDER-ADULTS; BRAIN AB Introduction To facilitate national efforts to maintain cognitive health through public health practice, the Healthy Brain Initiative recommended examining diverse groups to identify stakeholder perspectives on cognitive health. In response, the Healthy Aging Research Network (HAN), funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), coordinated projects to document the perspectives of older adults, caregivers of people with dementia, and primary care providers (PCPs) on maintaining cognitive health. Our objective was to describe PCPs' perceptions and practices regarding cognitive health. Methods HAN researchers conducted 10 focus groups and 3 interviews with physicians (N = 28) and advanced practice providers (N = 21) in Colorado, Texas, and North Carolina from June 2007 to November 2008. Data were transcribed and coded axially. Results PCPs reported addressing cognitive health with patients only indirectly in the context of physical health or in response to observed functional changes and patient or family requests. Some providers felt evidence on the efficacy of preventive strategies for cognitive health was insufficient, but many reported suggesting activities such as games and social interaction when queried by patients. PCPs identified barriers to talking with patients about cognitive health such as lack of time and patient reactions to recommendations. Conclusion Communicating new evidence on cognitive health and engaging older adults in making lasting lifestyle changes recommended by PCPs and others may be practical ways in which public health practitioners can partner with PCPs to address cognitive health in health care settings. C1 [Hochhalter, Angela K.] Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX 76508 USA. [Hochhalter, Angela K.] Texas A& M Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Temple, TX 76508 USA. [Bryant, Lucinda L.] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Hunter, Rebecca; Caprio, Anthony J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Liu, Rui] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Friedman, Daniela B.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Price, Anna E.] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fairfield, CT USA. [Sharkey, Joseph] Texas A&M Univ, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX USA. [Reddy, Swarna] North Carolina Div Aging & Adult Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [McCrystle, Sindy] Carolinas Med Ctr, Charlotte, NC 28203 USA. RP Hochhalter, AK (reprint author), Scott & White Healthcare, 2401 S 31st St,MS-09-C633A, Temple, TX 76508 USA. EM ahochhalter@sw.org FU CDC HAN [13-04, 8-06, 1-U48-DP-000025, 1-U48-DP-000033, 1-U48-DP-000045, 1-U48-DP-000048, 1-U48-DP-000050, 1-U48-DP-000051, 1-U48-DP-000052, 1-U48-DP-000054, 1-U48-DP-000059] FX This work was supported by cooperative agreements from the CDC HAN, Special Interest Project nos. 13-04 and 8-06, and by cooperative agreement nos. 1-U48-DP-000025, 1-U48-DP-000033, 1-U48-DP-000045, 1-U48-DP-000048, 1-U48-DP-000050, 1-U48-DP-000051, 1-U48-DP-000052, 1-U48-DP-000054, and 1-U48-DP-000059. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 9 AR UNSP 120050 DI 10.5888/pcd9.120050 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 173AV UT WOS:000321051300010 ER PT J AU Godwin, DS AF Godwin, David S. TI Demand for ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbons estimated by a Tier 2 emission inventory model compared to top-down chemical consumption data for the US SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE bottom-up; consumption; hydrochlorofluorocarbon; hydrofluoro-carbon; ozone-depleting substance; top-down AB In preparing inventories of ozone-depleting substance (ODS) substitutes, primarily hydrofluorocarbons, the US employs models consistent with Tier 2 methodologies from the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The model calculates chemical consumption and emissions for 60 sub-applications, which are aggregated to five application levels. So-called bottom-up models require data and assumptions regarding the sub-application industries, including number of products introduced and retired each year, the type and amount of chemicals initially used, the emission pattern of the chemicals and if any released chemical is replaced. Once developed, the bottom-up model's estimates of chemical demand can be compared to top-down chemical consumption or sales. Combining these types of data gives a partial picture of the amount of ODS and substitutes introduced to the US economy. This paper examines the top-down data in comparison to the bottom-up estimates derived from the inventory models and discusses possible explanations for the differences noted. C1 US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Godwin, DS (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave,NW 6205J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Godwin.Dave@epa.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1943-815X J9 J INTEGR ENVIRON SCI JI J. Integr. Environ. Sci. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 9 SU 1 SI SI BP 81 EP 95 DI 10.1080/1943815X.2012.693090 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 105IE UT WOS:000316059500007 ER PT J AU Sinsabaugh, RL Shah, JJF Hill, BH Elonen, CM AF Sinsabaugh, Robert L. Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad Hill, Brian H. Elonen, Colleen M. TI Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of stream sediments with comparison to terrestrial soils SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Decomposition; Ecological stoichiometry; Extracellular enzyme activity; Freshwater sediment; Microbial activity; Threshold element ratio ID AMINO-ACID COMPOSITION; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; ORGANIC-MATTER; RIVERINE BACTERIOPLANKTON; BACTERIAL METABOLISM; NITROGEN LIMITATION; GROWTH EFFICIENCY; THEORETICAL-MODEL; ENZYME-ACTIVITY AB The kinetics and elemental composition of cellular units that mediate production and respiration are the basis for the metabolic and stoichiometric theories of ecological organization. This theoretical framework extends to the activities of microbial enzymes released into the environment (ecoenzymes) that mediate the release of assimilable substrate from detrital organic matter. In this paper, we analyze the stoichiometry of ecoenzymatic activities in the surface sediments of lotic ecosystems and compare those results to the stoichiometry observed in terrestrial soils. We relate these ecoenzymatic ratios to energy and nutrient availability in the environment as well as microbial elemental content and growth efficiency. The data, collected by US Environmental Protection Agency, include the potential activities of 11 enzymes for 2,200 samples collected across the US, along with analyses of sediment C, N and P content. On average, ecoenzymatic activities in stream sediments are 2-5 times greater per gC than those of terrestrial soils. Ecoenzymatic ratios of C, N and P acquisition activities support elemental analyses showing that microbial metabolism is more likely to be C-limited than N or P-limited compared to terrestrial soils. Ratios of hydrolytic to oxidative activities indicate that sediment organic matter is more labile than soil organic matter and N acquisition is less dependent on humic oxidation. The mean activity ratios of glycosidases and aminopeptidases reflect the environmental abundance of their respective substrates. For both freshwater sediments and terrestrial soils, the mean C:nutrient ratio of microbial biomass normalized to growth efficiency approximates the mean ecoenzymatic C:nutrient activity ratios normalized to environmental C:nutrient abundance. This relationship defines a condition for biogeochemical equilibrium consistent with stoichiometric and metabolic theory. C1 [Sinsabaugh, Robert L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad] Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hill, Brian H.; Elonen, Colleen M.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Sinsabaugh, RL (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM rlsinsab@unm.edu; follstad.shah@usu.edu; hill.brian@epa.gov; elonen.colleen@epa.gov RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013 FU National Rivers and Streams Assessment; National Science Foundation [DBI-0630558]; NSF EaGER [DEB-0946288]; Ecosystem Studies programs [DEB-0918718] FX The US EPA Office of Water sponsored the National Rivers and Streams Assessment. AR Olsen supervised the creation of the survey design. LR Seifert and AA May contributed greatly to the ecoenzyme analyses. We are indebted to the numerous, state, federal, and contractor field crews who collected the NRSA data used in this project. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. J.J.F.S. was supported by the National Science Foundation (DBI-0630558). R. L. S. was supported by NSF EaGER (DEB-0946288) and Ecosystem Studies programs (DEB-0918718). Source data for terrestrial soils were contributed by Sinsabaugh RL, Lauber CL, Weintraub MN, Ahmed B, Allison SD, Crenshaw C, Contosta AR, Cusack D, Frey S, Gallo ME, Gartner TB, Hobbie SE, Holland K, Keeler BL, Powers JS, Stursova M, Takacs-Vesbach C, Waldrop M, Wallenstein M, Zak DR, Zeglin LH. NR 63 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 95 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD NOV PY 2012 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 455 EP 467 DI 10.1007/s10533-011-9676-x PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 077XR UT WOS:000314063200029 ER PT J AU Harrison, MD Groffman, PM Mayer, PM Kaushal, SS AF Harrison, Melanie D. Groffman, Peter M. Mayer, Paul M. Kaushal, Sujay S. TI Nitrate removal in two relict oxbow urban wetlands: a N-15 mass-balance approach SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Algae; Denitrification; Macrophytes; Nitrogen; Sediment ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER BACKWATER; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSION; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; ANTHROPOGENIC NITROGEN; STABLE-ISOTOPE; DENITRIFICATION; STREAM; WATER; SOIL AB A N-15-tracer method was used to quantify nitrogen (N) removal processes in two relict oxbow wetlands located adjacent to the Minebank Run restored stream reach in Baltimore County (Maryland, USA) during summer 2009 and early spring 2010. A mass-balance approach was used to directly determine the flow of (NO3)-N-15 (-) to plants, algae, and sediments, with unaccounted for N-15 assumed to be denitrified. During the summer, plant and algal uptake accounted for 42%, of the added (NO3)-N-15 (-) in oxbow 1, less than 1% remained in the water column and 57% was unaccounted for. In oxbow 2 during the summer, plant and algal uptake accounted for 63% of the added (NO3)-N-15 (-), with < 1% remaining in the water column and 38% unaccounted for. During the early spring, plant and algal uptake were much lower in both oxbows, ranging from 0.05 to 13.3% of the N-15 added, with 97 and 87% was unaccounted for in oxbow 1 and 2, respectively. The amount of unaccounted for N-15 was equivalent to estimated areal denitrification rates of 12 and 6 mg N m(-2) d(-1) in the summer and 78 and 15 mg N m(-2) d(-1) in the spring, in oxbow 1 and oxbow 2, respectively. However, the uncertainty of these estimates is high as it was difficult to detect accumulation of N-15 in the sediments which could have accounted for a very large percentage of the added N-15. Our results suggest that the two relict oxbow wetlands are sinks for NO3 (-) during both summer and spring but that the pathways of removal vary with plants and algae playing a major role in summer but not in spring. C1 [Harrison, Melanie D.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Marine Estuarine & Environm Sci Program, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Harrison, Melanie D.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Santa Rosa, CA 95404 USA. [Groffman, Peter M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12454 USA. [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Kaushal, Sujay S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol & Earth Syst Sci, Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Harrison, MD (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Marine Estuarine & Environm Sci Program, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM Melanie.Harrison@noaa.gov RI Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013; OI Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189; Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR829676]; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research program [DEB-0423476]; NSF Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship Program [0549469]; NSF Division of Biological Infrastructure [DBI 06-40300]; Maryland Sea Grant award [SA7528085-U]; NOAA Educational Partnership Graduate Science Program (GSP) FX This research was supported by grants from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (CR829676), the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research program (DEB-0423476), the NSF Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship Program (0549469), the NSF Division of Biological Infrastructure (DBI 06-40300), Maryland Sea Grant award (SA7528085-U), and the NOAA Educational Partnership Graduate Science Program (GSP). We thank Dan Dillon, Dave Lewis, Lisa Martel, Robin Schmidt, Daniel Jones, and Emma Noonan for assistance with field and laboratory work, and Andrew Miller and Christopher Swan for thoughtful comments and review of the manuscript. The research has not been subjected to EPA review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of any of the funding agencies, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 74 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 74 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD NOV PY 2012 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 647 EP 660 DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9708-1 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 077XR UT WOS:000314063200040 ER PT J AU Thistle, HW Thompson, DG Richardson, B Bird, SL Kees, G Throop, W Gous, S Storwold, D AF Thistle, H. W. Thompson, D. G. Richardson, B. Bird, S. L. Kees, G. Throop, W. Gous, S. Storwold, D. TI DEPOSITION OF AERIALLY RELEASED BT OVER A 2 KM SAMPLING GRID SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE AGDISP; Bacillus thuringiensis; Deposition sampling; Droplet deposition; Long-range drift; Pesticide deposition; Pesticide droplets; Spray drift ID FAR-FIELD; DRIFT; INSECTICIDES; BIOREDUCTION; FORESTS; SPRAYS; ASSAYS AB A data set was collected to determine the downwind distance at which currently used near-field mechanistic pesticide deposition models (as formulated in AGDISP 8.26) should hand off to long-range pesticide drift models. This article presents the collected data as well as some comparison to existing, near-field deposition models. A 2 km x 2 km grid of deposition samplers was deployed in the basin and range country of central Utah. Twenty aerial Bt spraying trials were undertaken. The trials showed very little deposition at 2 km downwind, but measurable material was detected in some of the tests at that distance. Mass balance was attempted but ranged from below 0.1 to over 2 due to high uncertainty in both the method and the collection efficiency of the samplers. Nevertheless, mass balance showed a strong trend with atmospheric stability in these trials, and results indicate that much material lofted out of the sampling domain during trials undertaken in unstable atmospheric conditions. This study confirms the inability of the Lagrangian model as formulated in AGDISP to adequately model fine droplet drift at distances beyond approximately 250 m depending on ambient conditions. A second article will describe the evaluation and configuration of a long-range pesticide drift model interfaced with AGDISP C1 [Thistle, H. W.; Kees, G.; Throop, W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Thompson, D. G.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Richardson, B.; Gous, S.] Scion, Forest Res, Rotorua, New Zealand. [Bird, S. L.] US EPA, Athens, GA USA. [Storwold, D.] US Army Dugway Proving Grounds, Dugway, UT USA. RP Thistle, HW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM hthistle@fs.fed.us RI Richardson, Brian/B-9822-2013 FU USDA-FS-FHP-FHTET; U.S. EPA FX The design and field work of Jim Kautz and Scott Gilmore of the USDA Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development Center, and Derek Chartrand and Kevin Goode of the Canadian Forest Service was invaluable. The work of Amy Onken (USDA Forest Service) in the field and Dan Harvey (Canadian Forest Service) in data reduction is also acknowledged. We thank Steve Nicholsen of Valent BioSciences for labor and material. The extensive work of Ghislain Rousseau and SOPFIM Quebec in the design and conductance of this program and the work of Peter Amirault, Kevin Dorcas (pilot), and Gerry Cormier on the aviation side was integral to the success of this work, Thanks to Sandra Clark and Denise Binion for help with layout. This work is conducted under funds provided through USDA-FS-FHP-FHTET and the U.S. EPA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 55 IS 6 BP 2067 EP 2078 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 076ZW UT WOS:000313998700005 ER PT J AU Sykes, KE AF Sykes, K. E. TI TOOLS AND STRATEGIES TO DESIGN HEALTHY COMMUNITIES FOR ALL AGES AND ABILITIES: MAKING IT EASY TO BE HEALTHY FOR A LIFETIME SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sykes, K. E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD NOV PY 2012 VL 52 SU 1 BP 663 EP 663 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 061ZG UT WOS:000312888204528 ER PT J AU Tomasino, SF Parker, AE Hamilton, MA Hamilton, GC AF Tomasino, Stephen F. Parker, Albert E. Hamilton, Martin A. Hamilton, Gordon C. TI Performance of the AOAC Use-Dilution Method with Targeted Modifications: Collaborative Study SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID LOG DENSITY VALUE; INOCULATED CARRIERS; TEST MICROBES; PENICYLINDERS; DISINFECTANTS AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in collaboration with an industry work group, spearheaded a collaborative study designed to further enhance the AOAC use-dilution method (UDM). Based on feedback from laboratories that routinely conduct the UDM, improvements to the test culture preparation steps were prioritized. A set of modifications, largely based on culturing the test microbes on agar as specified in the AOAC hard surface carrier test method, were evaluated in a five-laboratory trial. The modifications targeted the preparation of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa test culture due to the difficulty in separating the pellicle from the broth in the current UDM. The proposed modifications (i.e., the modified UDM) were compared to the current UDM methodology for P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Salmonella choleraesuis was not included in the study. The goal was to determine if the modifications reduced method variability. Three efficacy response variables were statistically analyzed: the number of positive carriers, the log reduction, and the pass/fail outcome. The scope of the collaborative study was limited to testing one liquid disinfectant (an EPA-registered quaternary ammonium product) at two levels of presumed product efficacies, high and low. Test conditions included use of 400 ppm hard water as the product diluent and a 5% organic soil load (horse serum) added to the inoculum. Unfortunately, the study failed to support the adoption of the major modification (use of an agar-based approach to grow the test cultures) based on an analysis of method's variability. The repeatability and reproducibility standard deviations for the modified method were equal to or greater than those for the current method across the various test variables. However, the authors propose retaining the frozen stock preparation step of the modified method, and based on the statistical equivalency of the control log densities, support its adoption as a procedural change to the current UDM. The current UDM displayed acceptable responsiveness to changes in product efficacy; acceptable repeatability across multiple tests in each laboratory for the control counts and log reductions; and acceptable reproducibility across multiple laboratories for the control log density values and log reductions. Although the data do not support the adoption of all modifications, the UDM collaborative study data are valuable for assessing sources of method variability and a reassessment of the performance standard for the UDM. C1 [Tomasino, Stephen F.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. [Parker, Albert E.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Hamilton, Martin A.; Hamilton, Gordon C.] Big Sky Stat Analysts LLC, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epamail.epa.gov FU Center for Biofilm Engineering at Montana State University; EPA Office of Pesticide Programs, Biological and Economic Analysis Division, Microbiology Laboratory Branch FX The research that led to the preparation of this article was a collaborative effort between the EPA Office of Pesticide Programs Biological and Economic Analysis Division and the company members of the Efficacy Working Group, including The Clorox Company, Ecolab, Inc., Lonza, Inc., Mason Chemical Company, Reckitt Benckiser, S.C. Johnson, and Stepan Company. These companies provided technical input, test material, and laboratory participation in the research. The statistical analyses were performed under contract between the Center for Biofilm Engineering at Montana State University and the EPA Office of Pesticide Programs, Biological and Economic Analysis Division, Microbiology Laboratory Branch. We thank Kiran Verma, Quality Assurance Officer for the EPA Microbiology Laboratory, for conducting the audit of data that appear in this report. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 95 IS 6 BP 1618 EP 1628 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.12-170 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 065IU UT WOS:000313142800012 PM 23451377 ER PT J AU Meheust, D Gangneux, JP Reponen, T Wymer, L Vesper, S Le Cann, P AF Meheust, Delphine Gangneux, Jean-Pierre Reponen, Tiina Wymer, Larry Vesper, Stephen Le Cann, Pierre TI Correlation between Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) values in French dwellings and other measures of fungal contamination SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Fungi; ERMI; Dwelling; QPCR; Culture technique; France ID REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; DUST SAMPLES; DNA; INSPECTION; ASTHMA; HOMES; HOUSE AB The Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) is a DNA-based metric developed to describe the fungal contamination in US dwellings. Our goal was to determine if the ERMI values in dwellings in north western France were correlated with other measures of fungal contamination. Dust and air samples were obtained from 40 dwellings and analyzed by quantitative PCR and/or by culturing. These dwellings were also inspected and the amount of visible fungal growth estimated in m(2). The ERMI values in these dwellings ranged from -2.7 to 28.8 and the fungal contamination estimates ranged from 0 to 20 m2. The 40 dwellings were divided into those with a low (<6) or high (>8) ERMI values (n=20 in each). The average ERMI value was 15.70 for the high ERMI compared to 2.68 for the low ERMI dwellings. ERMI values were correlated (significant Kendall's tau values) with concentrations of fungi in air samples analyzed by QPCR or culturing. ERMI values were also correlated (significant Kendall's tau values) with the visible estimates of fungal contamination. Older dwellings were more likely to have higher ERMI values. These results suggest that the ERMI dust sample, which is quick and easy to collect, may be useful in making decisions about reducing fungal exposures in homes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Meheust, Delphine; Gangneux, Jean-Pierre; Le Cann, Pierre] Ecole Hautes Etud Sante Publ, INSERM, U1085, IRSET, F-35043 Rennes, France. [Gangneux, Jean-Pierre] Univ Rennes 1, Fac Med, F-35043 Rennes, France. [Gangneux, Jean-Pierre] Ctr Hosp Univ Rennes CHU, Serv Parasitol Mycol, F-35033 Rennes, France. [Reponen, Tiina] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Wymer, Larry; Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Meheust, D (reprint author), Ecole Hautes Etud Sante Publ, INSERM, U1085, IRSET, Av Pr Leon Bernard,CS 74312, F-35043 Rennes, France. EM Delphine.Meheust@ehesp.fr RI Gangneux, Jean-Pierre/J-2960-2015; LE CANN, Pierre/K-1854-2015 FU French School of Public Health; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development FX Delphine Meheust's fellowship as well as dwelling visits was funded by the French School of Public Health.; The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. Commercial use of the ERMI technology can provide royalties to the EPA. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 438 BP 319 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.085 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 065NN UT WOS:000313155300039 PM 23022719 ER PT J AU Kaiser, JP Lipscomb, JC Wesselkamper, SC AF Kaiser, J. Phillip Lipscomb, John C. Wesselkamper, Scott C. TI Putative Mechanisms of Environmental Chemical-Induced Steatosis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE steatosis; mechanism; chlorination; mitochondrial impairment; liver disease ID NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; TRIGLYCERIDE TRANSFER PROTEIN; ISOLATED RAT HEPATOCYTES; VINYL-CHLORIDE WORKERS; CHRONIC TOXICITY; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; FACTOR-ALPHA; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS AB Liver disease is a major health issue characterized by several pathological changes, with steatosis (fatty liver) representing a common initial step in its pathogenesis. Steatosis is of critical importance because prevention of fatty liver can obviate downstream pathologies of liver disease (eg, fibrosis). Recent studies have shown a strong correlation between chemical exposure and steatosis. The work described here identifies chemicals on the US Environmental Protection Agency's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) that induce steatosis and investigates putative mechanisms by which these chemicals may contribute to this pathological condition. Mitochondrial impairment, insulin resistance, impaired hepatic lipid secretion, and enhanced cytokine production were identified as potential mechanisms that could contribute to steatosis. Taken together, this work is significant because it identifies multiple mechanisms by which environmental chemicals may cause fatty liver and expands our knowledge of the possible role of environmental chemical exposure in the induction and progression of liver disease. C1 [Kaiser, J. Phillip; Lipscomb, John C.; Wesselkamper, Scott C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Kaiser, JP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM kaiser.jonathan-phillip@epa.gov NR 93 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 6 BP 551 EP 563 DI 10.1177/1091581812466418 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 063NS UT WOS:000313007300004 PM 23197488 ER PT J AU Huang, JY Choi, HD Landis, MS Holsen, TM AF Huang, Jiaoyan Choi, Hyun-Deok Landis, Matthew S. Holsen, Thomas M. TI An application of passive samplers to understand atmospheric mercury concentration and dry deposition spatial distributions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID SOURCE-RECEPTOR RELATIONSHIPS; REACTIVE GASEOUS MERCURY; NEW-YORK-STATE; CHLORALKALI PLANT; OXIDIZED MERCURY; LAKE MICHIGAN; MASS-BALANCE; AIR; AREA; EMISSIONS AB Two modified passive samplers were evaluated at multiple field locations. The sampling rate (SR) of the modified polyurethane foam (PUF)-disk passive sampler for total gaseous mercury (TGM) using gold-coated quartz fiber filters (GcQFF) and gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) using ion-exchange membranes (IEM) were 6.4 +/- 1.4 and 15.3 +/- 0.3 m 3 day(-1), respectively. The relative percent difference between TGM and GOM concentrations measured by a Tekran system and the passive samplers averaged 19 +/- 14 and 13 +/- 12% and ranged between 4-44 and 1.5-41%, respectively. The GcQFF and IEM substrates were also evaluated as collection media for surrogate surface dry deposition measurements. Mercury (Hg) concentration and dry deposition gradients were observed using these samplers at an urban/industrial site and compared to a rural/remote site. The Hg dry deposition rates measured by the surrogate surfaces were always higher than those calculated by a widely used inferential modeling method (1.3-50 fold). The Hg dry deposition measured at urban and suburban sites were comparable to those calculated from model. However, they were very different at a rural site, probably due to the low concentrations. Both methods are relatively low cost and will aid in understanding spatial distributions of Hg ambient air concentrations and dry deposition. C1 [Huang, Jiaoyan; Choi, Hyun-Deok; Holsen, Thomas M.] Clarkson Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Landis, Matthew S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Holsen, TM (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, 8 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM tholsen@clarkson.edu RI Landis, Matthew/P-5149-2014 OI Landis, Matthew/0000-0002-8742-496X FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development; Office of Air Atmospheric Clean Air Markets Division; NADP Hg Monitoring Network [EP08H000270, EP08H000271]; NYS Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) FX This work was funded wholly or in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development and the Office of Air Atmospheric Clean Air Markets Division, NADP Hg Monitoring Network (EP08H000270 and EP08H000271), and a NYS Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) grant (Charles Driscoll, Syracuse University PI). It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products do not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. We gratefully acknowledge the substantial assistance of NY DEC (Dirk Felton and Tom Everts) and SUNY-ESF (Charlotte L. Demers), and Leiming Zhang (Environmental Canada) for the dry deposition model. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 33 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 14 IS 11 BP 2976 EP 2982 DI 10.1039/c2em30514c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 058ST UT WOS:000312655000015 PM 23001454 ER PT J AU Tedela, NH McCutcheon, SC Rasmussen, TC Hawkins, RH Swank, WT Campbell, JL Adams, MB Jackson, CR Tollner, EW AF Tedela, Negussie H. McCutcheon, Steven C. Rasmussen, Todd C. Hawkins, Richard H. Swank, Wayne T. Campbell, John L. Adams, Mary Beth Jackson, C. Rhett Tollner, Ernest W. TI Runoff Curve Numbers for 10 Small Forested Watersheds in the Mountains of the Eastern United States SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Curve number method; Rainfall-runoff relationships; Forests; Mountains; Watersheds; Eastern United States; Annual maximum series; Median; Geometric mean; Nonlinear least squares; Asymptotic ID SOIL-MOISTURE; INDEX AB Engineers and hydrologists use the curve number method to estimate runoff from rainfall for different land use and soil conditions; however, large uncertainties occur for estimates from forested watersheds. This investigation evaluates the accuracy and consistency of the method using rainfall-runoff series from 10 small forested-mountainous watersheds in the eastern United States, eight annual maximum series from New Hampshire, West Virginia, and North Carolina, and two partial duration series from Georgia. These series are the basis to compare tabulated curve numbers with values estimated using five methods. For nine of 10 watersheds, tabulated curve numbers do not accurately estimate runoff. One source of the large uncertainty is a consistent decrease in storm-event curve numbers with increasing rainfall. A calibrated constant curve number is suitable for only two of 10 watersheds; the others require a variable watershed curve number associated with different magnitude rainfalls or probabilities of occurrence. Paired watersheds provide consistent curve numbers, indicating that regional values for forested-mountainous watersheds (locally calibrated and adjusted for storm frequency) may be feasible. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000436. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [McCutcheon, Steven C.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Tedela, Negussie H.] Bur Land Management, US Dept Interior, Monte Vista, CO 81144 USA. [Rasmussen, Todd C.; Jackson, C. Rhett] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hawkins, Richard H.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Swank, Wayne T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03262 USA. [Adams, Mary Beth] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Tollner, Ernest W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP McCutcheon, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Steven.C.McCutcheon@gmail.com OI Jackson, C. Rhett/0000-0001-6165-3556; Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 FU West Virginia Division of Forestry; U.S. Geological Survey through the Georgia Water Resources Institute; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources FX Financial assistance provided by the West Virginia Division of Forestry, the U.S. Geological Survey through the Georgia Water Resources Institute, and the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources. The following individuals assisted with obtaining watershed characteristics and event rainfall and runoff used in this study: Stephanie Laseter (USDA Forest Service Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory); Frederica Wood (USDA Forest Service Fernow Experimental Forest and Timber and Watershed Laboratory); Amey Bailey (USDA Forest Service Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest); and Josh Romeis (deceased, University of Georgia Etowah Research Project). The authors appreciated the review of this manuscript by Heather Golden (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) and the anonymous reviewers and editors of this journal. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described in this paper. The Agency reviewed and approved this paper for publication. NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 22 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 17 IS 11 SI SI BP 1188 EP 1198 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000436 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 059NP UT WOS:000312712500006 ER PT J AU Tedela, NH McCutcheon, SC Campbell, JL Swank, WT Adams, MB Rasmussen, TC AF Tedela, Negussie H. McCutcheon, Steven C. Campbell, John L. Swank, Wayne T. Adams, Mary Beth Rasmussen, Todd C. TI Curve Numbers for Nine Mountainous Eastern United States Watersheds: Seasonal Variation and Forest Cutting SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Seasonal variations; Rainfall-runoff relationships; Watersheds; Forests; Runoff; Logging; Mountains; Curve number ID YIELD AB Many engineers and hydrologists use the curve number method to estimate runoff from ungaged watersheds; however, the method does not explicitly account for the influence of season or forest cutting on runoff. This study of observed rainfall and runoff for small, forested watersheds that span the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States showed that curve numbers calibrated for the growing season tended to be smaller than for the dormant season. Forest cutting tended to increase curve numbers. However, the increase in water yield following forest cutting on these watersheds only lasted 1 year to 11 years, thereby limiting the precision of the curve numbers estimated for these brief hydrologic effect periods. This study highlights the need to account for seasonal and forest cutting when estimating runoff from some forested watersheds. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000437. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [McCutcheon, Steven C.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Tedela, Negussie H.] Bur Land Management, US Dept Interior, Monte Vista, CO 81144 USA. [Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03262 USA. [Swank, Wayne T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Adams, Mary Beth] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Rasmussen, Todd C.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP McCutcheon, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mccutcheon.steven@epa.gov OI Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 FU West Virginia Division of Forestry; U.S. Geological Survey through the Georgia Water Resources Institute; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources at the University of Georgia FX Financial assistance provided by the West Virginia Division of Forestry, the U.S. Geological Survey through the Georgia Water Resources Institute, and the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources at the University of Georgia. Richard Hawkins of the University of Arizona, Tucson, reviewed this note and provided insightful background and guidance on the use, interpretation, and limitations of the curve number method. The observed watershed characteristics and rainfall-runoff series required for this study were provided by Stephanie Laseter with the USDA Forest Service Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory; Frederica Wood with the USDA Forest Service Fernow Experimental Forest; Amey Bailey with the USDA Forest Service Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest; and Josh Romeis (deceased) and Rhett Jackson with the University of Georgia Etowah Research Project. The reviews and comments by Rhett Jackson and Bill Tollner of the University of Georgia, Chris Knightes of the U.S. EPA, and the anonymous reviewers and editors of this journal are appreciated. The U.S. EPA reviewed and approved this paper for publication. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 17 IS 11 SI SI BP 1199 EP 1203 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000437 PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 059NP UT WOS:000312712500007 ER PT J AU Harris, R Pollman, C Landing, W Evans, D Axelrad, D Hutchinson, D Morey, SL Rumbold, D Dukhovskoy, D Adams, DH Vijayaraghavan, K Holmes, C Atkinson, RD Myers, T Sunderland, E AF Harris, Reed Pollman, Curtis Landing, William Evans, David Axelrad, Donald Hutchinson, David Morey, Steven L. Rumbold, Darren Dukhovskoy, Dmitry Adams, Douglas H. Vijayaraghavan, Krish Holmes, Christopher Atkinson, R. Dwight Myers, Tom Sunderland, Elsie TI Mercury in the Gulf of Mexico: Sources to receptors SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Methylmercury; Bioaccumulation; Risk; Gulf of Mexico ID FISH CONSUMPTION; ORGANIC-MATTER; STABLE-ISOTOPE; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; TROPHIC TRANSFER; FLORIDA SHELF; LAVACA BAY; SEDIMENTS AB Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) fisheries account for 41% of the U.S. marine recreational fish catch and 16% of the nation's marine commercial fish landings. Mercury (Hg) concentrations are elevated in some fish species in the Gulf, including king mackerel, sharks, and tilefish. All five Gulf states have fish consumption advisories based on Hg. Per-capita fish consumption in the Gulf region is elevated compared to the U.S. national average, and recreational fishers in the region have a potential for greater MeHg exposure due to higher levels of fish consumption. Atmospheric wet Hg deposition is estimated to be higher in the Gulf region compared to most other areas in the U.S., but the largest source of Hg to the Gulf as a whole is the Atlantic Ocean (>90%) via large flows associated with the Loop Current. Redistribution of atmospheric, Atlantic and terrestrial Hg inputs to the Gulf occurs via large scale water circulation patterns, and further work is needed to refine estimates of the relative importance of these Hg sources in terms of contributing to fish Hg levels in different regions of the Gulf. Measurements are needed to better quantify external loads, in-situ concentrations, and fluxes of total Hg and methylmercury in the water column, sediments, and food web. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Harris, Reed; Hutchinson, David] Reed Harris Environm Ltd, Oakville, ON L6J 4E6, Canada. [Pollman, Curtis] Aqua Lux Lucis Inc, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Landing, William] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Evans, David] NOAA, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. [Axelrad, Donald] Florida Dept Environm Protect, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Morey, Steven L.; Dukhovskoy, Dmitry] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Rumbold, Darren] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Ft Myers, FL 33965 USA. [Adams, Douglas H.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Vijayaraghavan, Krish] ENVIRON Int Corp, Novato, CA 94998 USA. [Holmes, Christopher] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Atkinson, R. Dwight] US EPA, Off Water 4503T, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Myers, Tom] ICF Int, San Rafael, CA 94903 USA. [Sunderland, Elsie] Harvard Univ, Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Harris, R (reprint author), Reed Harris Environm Ltd, 180 Forestwood Dr, Oakville, ON L6J 4E6, Canada. EM reed@reed-harris.com; cpollman@aqualuxlucis.org; David.W.Evans@noaa.gov; Don.Axelrad@dep.state.fl.us; morey@coaps.fsu.edu; drumbold@fgcu.edu; Doug.Adams@MyFWC.com; krish@environcorp.com; elsie_sunderland@harvard.edu RI Holmes, Christopher/C-9956-2014; Sunderland, Elsie/D-5511-2014; OI Holmes, Christopher/0000-0002-2727-0954; Sunderland, Elsie/0000-0003-0386-9548; Morey, Steven/0000-0002-6585-1688 FU NIH from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42 ES007373]; Florida Department of Environmental Protection FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. NOAA provided research data on Hg cycling in Mobile Bay and fish tissue concentrations of Hg in the Gulf of Mexico. The Gulf of Mexico Alliance has also been supporting Hg science in the Gulf of Mexico, needed to accomplish the long term goals of this study. Dr. Jane Caffrey (University of West Florida) and Nishanth Krishnamurthy (Florida State University) provided wet deposition data from the Pensacola Atmospheric Hg Study and Hg wet deposition data were obtained from the NADP/MDN network. Atmospheric modeling was supported, in part, by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the Florida Electric Power Coordinating Group (FCG). This publication was made possible in part by NIH Grant number P42 ES007373 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 118 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 6 U2 70 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 119 SI SI BP 42 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2012.08.001 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 054NV UT WOS:000312351400004 PM 23098613 ER PT J AU Bartke, A Orgebin-Crist, MC Desjardins, C Lewis, R Tindall, D Hamilton, DW Pryor, JL Schlegel, PN Hardy, MP Burnett, AL Darney, SP Sandlow, J AF Bartke, Andrzej Orgebin-Crist, Marie-Claire Desjardins, Claude Lewis, Ron Tindall, Don Hamilton, David W. Pryor, Jon L. Schlegel, Peter N. Hardy, Matthew P. Burnett, Arthur L. (Bud) Darney, Sally P. Sandlow, Jay TI Parting Messages From Current and Former Editors of the Journal of Andrology SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bartke, Andrzej] So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Springfield, IL USA. [Bartke, Andrzej] So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Springfield, IL USA. [Orgebin-Crist, Marie-Claire] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Ctr Reprod Biol Res, Nashville, TN USA. [Desjardins, Claude] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lewis, Ron] Georgia Hlth Sci Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Urol Sect, Augusta, GA USA. [Tindall, Don] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Urol, Rochester, MN USA. [Tindall, Don] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Rochester, MN USA. [Tindall, Don] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Mol Biol, Rochester, MN USA. [Hamilton, David W.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Genet Cell Biol & Dev, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Pryor, Jon L.; Sandlow, Jay] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Urol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Schlegel, Peter N.; Hardy, Matthew P.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Urol, New York, NY USA. [Schlegel, Peter N.; Hardy, Matthew P.] Populat Council, Ctr Biomed Res, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Burnett, Arthur L. (Bud)] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Darney, Sally P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bartke, A (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Springfield, IL USA. RI Bartke, Andzej/D-6640-2017 OI Bartke, Andzej/0000-0002-2569-557X NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1068 EP 1074 DI 10.2164/jandrol.112.017475 PG 7 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 051GC UT WOS:000312113200002 PM 22879531 ER PT J AU Newcomer, TA Kaushal, SS Mayer, PM Shields, AR Canuel, EA Groffman, PM Gold, AJ AF Newcomer, Tamara A. Kaushal, Sujay S. Mayer, Paul M. Shields, Amy R. Canuel, Elizabeth A. Groffman, Peter M. Gold, Arthur J. TI Influence of natural and novel organic carbon sources on denitrification in forest, degraded urban, and restored streams SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS LA English DT Article DE Baltimore County, Maryland, USA; C:N ratio; denitrification; dissolved organic carbon; grass clippings; lipid biomarkers; nitrogen; organic carbon; stable isotopes; stream restoration; urbanization; urban stream ID LAND-USE; UNITED-STATES; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; HEADWATER STREAMS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; WASTE-WATER; DESERT CITY; MATTER; RESTORATION AB Organic carbon is important in regulating ecosystem function, and its source and abundance may be altered by urbanization. We investigated shifts in organic carbon quantity and quality associated with urbanization and ecosystem restoration, and its potential effects on denitrification at the riparian-stream interface. Field measurements of streamwater chemistry, organic carbon characterization, and laboratory-based denitrification experiments were completed at two forested, two restored, and two unrestored urban streams at the Baltimore Long-Term Ecological Research site, Maryland, USA. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate loads increased with runoff according to a power-law function that varied across sites. Stable isotopes and molar C:N ratios suggested that stream particulate organic matter (POM) was a mixture of periphyton, leaves, and grass that varied across site types. Stable-isotope signatures and lipid biomarker analyses of sediments showed that terrestrial organic carbon sources in streams varied as a result of riparian vegetation. Laboratory experiments indicated that organic carbon amendments significantly increased rates of denitrification (35.1 +/- 9.4 ng N.[g dry sediment](-1).h(-1); mean +/- SE) more than nitrate amendments (10.4 +/- 4.0 ng N.[g dry sediment](-1).h(-1)) across streamflow conditions and sites. Denitrification experiments with naturally occurring carbon sources showed that denitrification was significantly higher with grass clippings from home lawns (1244 +/- 331 ng N.g dry sediment(-1).h(-1)), and overall unrestored urban sites showed significantly higher denitrification rates than restored and forest sites. We found that urbanization influences organic carbon sources and quality in streams, which can have substantial downstream impacts on ecosystem services such as denitrification. C1 [Newcomer, Tamara A.; Kaushal, Sujay S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Newcomer, Tamara A.; Kaushal, Sujay S.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Shields, Amy R.] US EPA, Reg Water Wetlands & Pesticides Div 7, Water Qual Management Branch, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. [Canuel, Elizabeth A.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Groffman, Peter M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Gold, Arthur J.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Coastal Inst Kingston 110, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Newcomer, TA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, 5825 Univ Res Court,Room 4048, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM newcomer@umd.edu RI Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/D-1045-2013; Newcomer, Tamara/E-5561-2011; Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013; OI Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/0000-0002-2496-7641; Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189; Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 FU Maryland Sea Grant Awards [SA7528085-U, R/WS-2, NA05OAR4171042]; NSF [DBI 0640300, CBET 1058502, DEB-0542645, OCE 0962277]; EPA NNEMS [2010-308]; NASA [NASA NNX11AM28G]; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development; Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project [NSF DEB-0423476] FX This research was supported by Maryland Sea Grant Awards SA7528085-U, R/WS-2 and NA05OAR4171042, NSF Awards DBI 0640300 and CBET 1058502, EPA NNEMS Award 2010-308, NASA grant NASA NNX11AM28G, the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, and Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project (NSF DEB-0423476). E. Canuel was supported by NSF Awards DEB-0542645 and OCE 0962277 during the study period. We thank Melissa Grese, Katie Newcomb, Gwen Sivirichi, Stuart Findlay, David Lewis, and Elizabeth Lerberg for assistance in the laboratory and field. The research has not been subjected to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of any of the funding agencies, and no official endorsement should be inferred. This paper is Contribution 3236 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, the College of William and Mary. NR 92 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 174 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9615 EI 1557-7015 J9 ECOL MONOGR JI Ecol. Monogr. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 82 IS 4 BP 449 EP 466 DI 10.1890/12-0458.1 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 049VV UT WOS:000312012400003 ER PT J AU Reid, BC Ghazarian, AA DeMarini, DM Sapkota, A Jack, D Lan, Q Winn, DM Birnbaum, LS AF Reid, Britt C. Ghazarian, Armen A. DeMarini, David M. Sapkota, Amir Jack, Darby Lan, Qing Winn, Deborah M. Birnbaum, Linda S. TI Research Opportunities for Cancer Associated with Indoor Air Pollution from Solid-Fuel Combustion SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cancer; environmental exposures; environmental health risks; epidemiology; household air pollution; indoor air pollution; public health; solid-fuel combustion ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HOUSEHOLD STOVE IMPROVEMENT; LUNG-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; WOOD SMOKE; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; CERVICAL NEOPLASIA; NORTHEAST CHINA; TOBACCO-SMOKE; XUAN WEI AB BACKGROUND: Indoor air pollution (LAP) derived largely from the use of solid fuels for cooking and heating affects about 3 billion people worldwide, resulting in substantial adverse health outcomes, including cancer. Women and children from developing countries are the most exposed populations. A workshop was held in Arlington, Virginia, 9-11 May 2011, to better understand women's and children's potential health effects from LAP in developing countries. Workshop participants included international scientists, manufacturers, policy and regulatory officials, community leaders, and advocates who held extensive discussions to help identify future research needs. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to identify research opportunities regarding IAP and cancer, including research questions that could be incorporated into studies of interventions to reduce LAP exposure. In this commentary, we describe the state of the science in understanding LAP and its associations with cancer and suggest research opportunities for improving our understanding of the issues. DISCUSSION: Opportunities for research on LAP and cancer include studies of the effect of LAP on cancers other than lung cancer; studies of genetic factors that modify susceptibility; studies to determine whether the effects of TAP are mediated via germline, somatic, and/or epigenetic changes; and studies of the effects of TAP exposure via dermal and/or oral routes. CONCLUSIONS: LAP from indoor coal use increases the risk of lung cancer. Installing chimneys can reduce risk, and some genotypes, including GSTM1-null, can increase risk. Additional research is needed regarding the effects of IAP on other cancers and the effects of different types of solid fuels, oral and dermal routes of LAP exposure, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, and genetic susceptibility. C1 [Reid, Britt C.] NCI, Modifiable Risk Factors Branch, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci,NIH,DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sapkota, Amir] Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, Maryland Inst Appl Environm Hlth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jack, Darby] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New York, NY USA. [Lan, Qing] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NCI, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Reid, BC (reprint author), NCI, Modifiable Risk Factors Branch, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci,NIH,DHHS, 6130 Execut Blvd,Room 5134, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM reidbr@mail.nih.gov RI Sapkota, Amir/A-5968-2011 FU NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD041041] NR 53 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 46 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 120 IS 11 BP 1495 EP 1498 DI 10.1289/ehp.1204962 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 036ZE UT WOS:000311070000015 PM 22846419 ER PT J AU Cote, I Anastas, PT Birnbaum, LS Clark, RM Dix, DJ Edwards, SW Preuss, PW AF Cote, Ila Anastas, Paul T. Birnbaum, Linda S. Clark, Rebecca M. Dix, David J. Edwards, Stephen W. Preuss, Peter W. TI Advancing the Next Generation of Health Risk Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE bioinformatics; molecular biology; NexGen; "omics"; risk assessment; systems biology ID NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: Over the past 20 years, knowledge of the genome and its function has increased dramatically, but risk assessment methodologies using such knowledge have not advanced accordingly. OBJECTIVE: This commentary describes a collaborative effort among several federal and state agencies to advance the next generation of risk assessment. The objective of the NexGen program is to begin to incorporate recent progress in molecular and systems biology into risk assessment practice. The ultimate success of this program will be based on the incorporation of new practices that facilitate faster, cheaper, and/or more accurate assessments of public health risks. METHODS: We are developing prototype risk assessments that compare the results of traditional, data-rich risk assessments with insights gained from new types of molecular and systems biology data. In this manner, new approaches can be validated, traditional approaches improved, and the value of different types of new scientific information better understood. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: We anticipate that these new approaches will have a variety of applications, such as assessment of new and existing chemicals in commerce and the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances. Additionally, results of the effort are likely to spur further research and test methods development. Full implementation of new approaches is likely to take 10-20 years. C1 [Cote, Ila; Clark, Rebecca M.; Preuss, Peter W.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Cote, Ila; Dix, David J.; Edwards, Stephen W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Anastas, Paul T.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NIEHS, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Cote, I (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW,MD 8601P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM cote.ila@epa.gov RI Anastas, Paul/L-3258-2013 OI Anastas, Paul/0000-0003-4777-5172 NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 28 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 120 IS 11 BP 1499 EP 1502 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104870 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 036ZE UT WOS:000311070000016 PM 22875311 ER PT J AU Post, ES Grambsch, A Weaver, C Morefield, P Huang, J Leung, LY Nolte, CG Adams, P Liang, XZ Zhu, JH Mahoney, H AF Post, Ellen S. Grambsch, Anne Weaver, Chris Morefield, Philip Huang, Jin Leung, Lai-Yung Nolte, Christopher G. Adams, Peter Liang, Xin-Zhong Zhu, Jin-Hong Mahoney, Hardee TI Variation in Estimated Ozone-Related Health Impacts of Climate Change due to Modeling Choices and Assumptions SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE climate change; mortality; ozone; population projections; sensitivity analysis ID MORTALITY AB BACKGROUND: Future climate change may cause air quality degradation via climate-induced changes in meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, and emissions into the air. Few studies have explicitly modeled the potential relationships between climate change, air quality, and human health, and fewer still have investigated the sensitivity of estimates to the underlying modeling choices. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to assess the sensitivity of estimated ozone-related human health impacts of climate change to key modeling choices. METHODS: Our analysis included seven modeling systems in which a climate change model is linked to an air quality model, five population projections, and multiple concentration response functions. Using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (BenMAP), we estimated future ozone (O-3)-related health effects in the United States attributable to simulated climate change between the years 2000 and approximately 2050, given each combination of modeling choices. Health effects and concentration response functions were chosen to match those used in the U.S. EPA's 2008 Regulatory Impact Analysis of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for O-3. RESULTS: Different combinations of methodological choices produced a range of estimates of national O-3-related mortality from roughly 600 deaths avoided as a result of climate change to 2,500 deaths attributable to climate change (although the large majority produced increases in mortality). The choice of the climate change and the air quality model reflected the greatest source of uncertainty, with the other modeling choices having lesser but still substantial effects. CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight the need to use an ensemble approach, instead of relying on any one set of modeling choices, to assess the potential risks associated with O-3-related human health effects resulting from climate change. C1 [Post, Ellen S.; Huang, Jin; Mahoney, Hardee] ABT Associates Inc, Environm & Resources Div, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Grambsch, Anne; Weaver, Chris; Morefield, Philip] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Global Change Res Program, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Leung, Lai-Yung] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. [Nolte, Christopher G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Adams, Peter] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Liang, Xin-Zhong; Zhu, Jin-Hong] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Huang, J (reprint author), ABT Associates Inc, Environm & Resources Div, 4550 Montgomery Ave,Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM jin_huang@abtassoc.com RI Nolte, Christopher/H-4345-2012; Weaver, Christopher/G-3714-2010; Adams, Peter/D-7134-2013 OI Nolte, Christopher/0000-0001-5224-9965; Weaver, Christopher/0000-0003-4016-5451; Adams, Peter/0000-0003-0041-058X FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD-83337301-0]; Abt Associates Inc.; U.S. EPA [EP-D-08-100] FX Support for this analysis was funded through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) award RD-83337301-0. Additional support, provided by Abt Associates Inc., was funded through U.S. EPA Contract EP-D-08-100. The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors and do not represent official U.S. EPA policy. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 38 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 120 IS 11 BP 1559 EP 1564 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104271 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 036ZE UT WOS:000311070000025 PM 22796531 ER PT J AU Hukkerikar, AS Kalakul, S Sarup, B Young, DM Sin, G Gani, R AF Hukkerikar, Amol Shivajirao Kalakul, Sawitree Sarup, Bent Young, Douglas M. Sin, Gurkan Gani, Rafiqul TI Estimation of Environment-Related Properties of Chemicals for Design of Sustainable Processes: Development of Group-Contribution(+) (GC(+)) Property Models and Uncertainty Analysis SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING LA English DT Article ID REDUCTION WAR ALGORITHM; PURE-COMPONENT PROPERTIES; AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY; TOXICITY; PREDICTION; ALTERNATIVES; GENERATION AB The aim of this work is to develop group-contribution(+) (GC(+)) method, (combined group contribution (GC) method and atom Connectivity index (CI) method) based property models to provide. reliable estimations of environment-related:properties of organic chemicals together with uncertainties of estimated property values. For this purpose, a systematic methodology for property modeling and uncertainty analysis is used.. The methodology includes a Parameter estimation step to determine parameters of property models and an Uncertainty. analysis step to establish statistical information about the quality of parameter estimation, such as the parameter covariance, the Standard errors in predicted.. properties, and the confidence intervals For parameter estimation, large data sets of experimentally measured property Values of a : wide range Of chemicals (hydrocarbons, oxygenated chemicals, nitrogenated chemicals, poly functional chemicals, etc..) taken from the database of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and from the database of USEtox is used. For property modeling and uncertainty,analysis, the Marrero and Gani GC method and atom Connectivity index Method. have been Considered. In total, 22 environment related properties, which include the fathead Minnow 96-h LC50, Daphnia magna 48-h LC50, oral rat LD50, aqueous solubility bioconcentration factor, permissible exposure limit (OSHA-TWA), photochemical oxidation potential, global warming potential, ozone depletion potential, acidification potential, emission to urban air (carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic), emission to continental rural air (carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic), emission to,:continental fresh water. (carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic), emission to continental seawater: (carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic), emission to continental natural soil.(carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic), and emission to continental. agricultural soil (carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic) have been modeled and analyzed. The application of the developed property models for the estimation of environment related properties and uncertainties of the estimated property values is highlighted through an illustrative example. The developed property models provide reliable estimates of environment,related:properties needed to perform.. process synthesis, design, and analysis of sustainable chemical processes and allow one to evaluate the effect of uncertainties of estimated property value's on the calculated performance of processes giving useful In-Sights into quality and reliability of the design Of sustainable processes. C1 [Hukkerikar, Amol Shivajirao; Sin, Gurkan; Gani, Rafiqul] Tech Univ Denmark, Comp Aided Proc Prod Engn Ctr CAPEC, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Kalakul, Sawitree] Chulalongkorn Univ, Petr & Petrochem Coll, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Sarup, Bent] Alfa Laval Copenhagen AS, Vegetable Oil Technol Business Unit, DK-2860 Soborg, Denmark. [Young, Douglas M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gani, R (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Comp Aided Proc Prod Engn Ctr CAPEC, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM rag@kt.dtu.dk RI Sin, Gurkan/C-6989-2008; Gani, Rafiqul/A-4865-2011 OI Sin, Gurkan/0000-0003-0513-4502; Gani, Rafiqul/0000-0002-6719-9283 FU European Union [238013] FX The authors acknowledge U.S. EPA, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, for providing experimental data for this work. This research work is a part of the collaboration between Technical University of Denmark, Denmark, and Alfa Laval Copenhagen A/S, Denmark. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme [FP7-MC-ITN] under grant agreement no. 238013. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9596 J9 J CHEM INF MODEL JI J. Chem Inf. Model. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 52 IS 11 BP 2823 EP 2839 DI 10.1021/ci300350r PG 17 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 042HD UT WOS:000311461400004 PM 23039255 ER PT J AU Baker, LR Pierzynski, GM Hettiarachchi, GM Scheckel, KG Newville, M AF Baker, Lucas R. Pierzynski, Gary M. Hettiarachchi, Ganga M. Scheckel, Kirk G. Newville, Matthew TI Zinc Speciation in Proximity to Phosphate Application Points in a Lead/Zinc Smelter-Contaminated Soil SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU STABILIZATION; X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE ZN SPECIATION; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; LEAD IMMOBILIZATION; ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; DREDGED SEDIMENT; MANGANESE OXIDE; PHOSPHORUS AB The use of P to immobilize Pb in contaminated soils has been well documented. However, the influence of P on Zn speciation in soils has not been extensively examined, and these two metals often occur as co-contaminants. We hypothesized that additions of P to a Pb/Zn-contaminated soil would induce Zn phosphate mineral formation and fluid P sources would be more effective than granular P amendments. A combination of different synchrotron-based techniques, namely, spatially resolved micro-X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF), micro-extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (mu-EXAFS), and micro-X-ray diffraction (mu-XRD), were used to speciate Zn at two incubation times in the proximity of application points (0 to 4 mm) for fluid and granular P amendments in a Pb/Zn smelter-contaminated soil. Phosphate rock (PR), triple super phosphate (TSP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), and fluid ammonium polyphosphate induced Zn phosphate formation. Ammonium polyphosphate was more effective at greater distances (up to 3.7 mm) from the point of P application. Phosphoric acid increased the presence of soluble Zn species because of increased acidity. Soluble Zn has implications with respect to Zn bioavailability, which may negatively impact vegetation and other sensitive organisms. Although additions of P immobilize Pb, this practice needs close monitoring due to potential increases in Zn solubility in a Pb/Zn smelter-contaminated soil. C1 [Baker, Lucas R.; Pierzynski, Gary M.; Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Newville, Matthew] Univ Chicago, Consortium Adv Radiat Sources, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Pierzynski, GM (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM gmp@ksu.edu RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Hettiarachchi, Ganga/F-6895-2015 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Hettiarachchi, Ganga/0000-0002-6669-2885 FU National Science Foundation, Earth Sciences; Department of Energy-Geosciences; W.M. Keck Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX A part of this work was performed at GeoSoilEnviro CARS (GEOCARS), Sector 13, Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory; GSECARS is supported by the National Science Foundation, Earth Sciences; Department of Energy-Geosciences; W.M. Keck Foundation; and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NR 64 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 45 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1865 EP 1873 DI 10.2134/jeq2012.0168 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 039QU UT WOS:000311262400017 PM 23128743 ER PT J AU McMurray, B AF McMurray, Bob TI Bob McMurray Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology SO AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [McMurray, Bob] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Chris Portiers Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [McMurray, Bob] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [McMurray, Bob] Cornell, Dept Psychol, Ithaca, NY USA. [McMurray, Bob] Delta Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA. [McMurray, Bob] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [McMurray, Bob] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP McMurray, B (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Chris Portiers Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0003-066X J9 AM PSYCHOL JI Am. Psychol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 67 IS 8 BP 635 EP 637 DI 10.1037/a0030052 PG 3 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 036EC UT WOS:000311008200010 ER PT J AU Baig, S Garcia, F Fricano, K Deng, J Mao, M Christman, J Chatterjee, S Block, M Minshall, R Ye, R Gantner, B Bonini, MG AF Baig, Saqib Garcia, Farnaz Fricano, Kristine Deng, Jing Mao, Mao Christman, John Chatterjee, Saurabh Block, Michelle Minshall, Richard Ye, Richard Gantner, Benjamin Bonini, Marcelo G. TI Ablation of NNOS/NOS1 Leads to the Suppression of the Systemic Inflammatory Response via Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS-1) Upregulation SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine (SFRBM) CY NOV 14-18, 2012 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med (SFRBM) C1 [Baig, Saqib; Garcia, Farnaz; Fricano, Kristine; Deng, Jing; Mao, Mao; Christman, John; Minshall, Richard; Ye, Richard; Gantner, Benjamin; Bonini, Marcelo G.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Chatterjee, Saurabh] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Block, Michelle] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. RI Mao, Mao/E-3783-2013 OI Mao, Mao/0000-0003-1524-8853 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 53 SU 2 BP S74 EP S74 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.10.221 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 031RS UT WOS:000310660600188 ER PT J AU Adeuya, R Utt, N Frankenberger, J Bowling, L Kladivko, E Brouder, S Carter, B AF Adeuya, R. Utt, N. Frankenberger, J. Bowling, L. Kladivko, E. Brouder, S. Carter, B. TI Impacts of drainage water management on subsurface drain flow, nitrate concentration, and nitrate loads in Indiana SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE controlled drainage; drainage water management; nitrate ID QUALITY; TILLAGE; CANADA; FIELDS; SOIL AB Drainage water management is a conservation practice that has the potential to reduce drainage outflow and nitrate (NO3) loss from agricultural fields while maintaining or improving crop yields. The goal of this study was to quantify the impact of drainage water management on drain flow, NO3 concentration, and NO3 load from subsurface drainage on two farms in Indiana. Paired field studies were conducted following the paired watershed statistical approach modified to accommodate autocorrelation. Annual NO3 load reductions ranged from 15% to 31%, with an overall reduction of 18% to 23% over the 2-year period, resulting from reductions in both flow and NO3 concentration. Although the study revealed weaknesses in using the paired statistical approach for a dynamic practice like drainage water management, the results of this study support the use of drainage water management as a conservation practice and provide information for decision-makers about the level of benefits that can be anticipated. C1 [Adeuya, R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Utt, N.; Frankenberger, J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bowling, L.; Kladivko, E.; Brouder, S.; Carter, B.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Adeuya, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RI Bowling, Laura/B-6963-2013 OI Bowling, Laura/0000-0002-1439-3154 FU USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture [2004-04674]; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service's Conservation Innovation Grant program FX This material is based upon work supported in part by the USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture, under Agreement No. 2004-04674, and also the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service's Conservation Innovation Grant program. We thank Barry Gutwein for assisting with the installation and management of research sites. The work represented in this article was not conducted by the US Environmental Protection Agency and, therefore, was not subjected to internal review of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The research results do not necessarily reflect the views of-the Agency or its policies. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 36 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 67 IS 6 BP 474 EP 484 DI 10.2489/jswc.67.6.474 PG 11 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 036WJ UT WOS:000311062700008 ER PT J AU Sullivan, TJ Cosby, BJ McDonnell, TC Porter, EM Blett, T Haeuber, R Huber, CM Lynch, J AF Sullivan, Timothy J. Cosby, Bernard J. McDonnell, Todd C. Porter, Ellen M. Blett, Tamara Haeuber, Richard Huber, Cindy M. Lynch, Jason TI Critical Loads of Acidity to Protect and Restore Acid-Sensitive Streams in Virginia and West Virginia SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Critical load; Acidification; Stream; Weathering; Virginia; West Virginia ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; WATER ACIDIFICATION; MODEL PROJECTIONS; BASE CHEMISTRY; DEPOSITION; SULFUR; NITROGEN; FOREST; SOILS; USA AB The purpose of the research described here is to apply a new approach for generating aquatic critical load (CL) and exceedance calculations for an important acid-sensitive region of the eastern USA. A widespread problem in regional aquatic acidification CL modeling for US ecosystems has been the lack of site-specific weathering data needed to derive accurate model CL estimates. A modified version of the steady-state water chemistry CL model was applied here to estimate CL and exceedances for streams throughout acid-sensitive portions of Virginia and West Virginia. A novel approach for estimating weathering across the regional landscape was applied, based on weathering estimates extracted from a well-tested, process-based watershed model of drainage water acid-base chemistry and features of the landscape that are available as regional spatial data coverages. This process allowed extrapolation of site-specific weathering data from 92 stream watersheds to the regional context in three ecoregions for supporting CL calculations. Calculated CL values were frequently low, especially in the Blue Ridge ecoregion where one-third of the stream length had CL<50 meq/m(2)/year to maintain stream ANC at 50 mu eq/L under steady-state conditions. About half or more of the stream length in the study region was in exceedance of the CL for long-term aquatic resource protection under assumed nitrogen saturation at steady state. Land managers and air quality policy makers will need this information to better understand responses to air pollution emissions reductions and to develop ecoregion-specific air pollution targets. C1 [Sullivan, Timothy J.; McDonnell, Todd C.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, Corvallis, OR USA. [Cosby, Bernard J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Porter, Ellen M.; Blett, Tamara] Natl Pk Serv, Air Resources Div, Denver, CO USA. [Haeuber, Richard; Lynch, Jason] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Huber, Cindy M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Roanoke, VA USA. RP Sullivan, TJ (reprint author), E&S Environm Chem Inc, POB 609, Corvallis, OR USA. EM tim.sullivan@ESEnvironmental.com RI Cosby, Bernard/B-5653-2012 FU National Park Service of the US Department of the Interior [H4506070713]; US Forest Service; E&S Environmental Chemistry, Inc. FX We thank J. Charles, S. Mackey, G. McPherson, K. Snyder, and D. Moore for technical assistance and J. Karish for fiscal and project management support. R. Dennis provided CMAQ model output for dry sulfur and nitrogen deposition. Interpolated NADP wet deposition estimates were provided by J. Grimm. This research was supported through Cooperative Agreement Number H4506070713, awarded by the National Park Service of the US Department of the Interior to the University of Virginia, and through a contract between the US Forest Service and E&S Environmental Chemistry, Inc. This report has not been subjected to federal agency review, and no official endorsement is implied. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 223 IS 9 BP 5759 EP 5771 DI 10.1007/s11270-012-1312-4 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 035AG UT WOS:000310913400018 ER PT J AU Reiner, JL O'Connell, SG Butt, CM Mabury, SA Small, JM De Silva, AO Muir, DCG Delinsky, AD Strynar, MJ Lindstrom, AB Reagen, WK Malinsky, M Schafer, S Kwadijk, CJAF Schantz, MM Keller, JM AF Reiner, Jessica L. O'Connell, Steven G. Butt, Craig M. Mabury, Scott A. Small, Jeff M. De Silva, Amila O. Muir, Derek C. G. Delinsky, Amy D. Strynar, Mark J. Lindstrom, Andrew B. Reagen, William K. Malinsky, Michelle Schaefer, Sandra Kwadijk, Christiaan J. A. F. Schantz, Michele M. Keller, Jennifer M. TI Determination of perfluorinated alkyl acid concentrations in biological standard reference materials SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Perfluoroalkyl acids; Standard reference materials; Fish tissue; Bovine liver; Mussel tissue; Intercomparison exercise ID MARINE FOOD-WEB; PERFLUOROALKYL CONTAMINANTS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; HUMAN PLASMA; GREAT-LAKES; WATER; SAMPLES; SERUM; ENVIRONMENT; MATRICES AB Standard reference materials (SRMs) are homogeneous, well-characterized materials used to validate measurements and improve the quality of analytical data. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a wide range of SRMs that have mass fraction values assigned for legacy pollutants. These SRMs can also serve as test materials for method development, method validation, and measurement for contaminants of emerging concern. Because inter-laboratory comparison studies have revealed substantial variability of measurements of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), future analytical measurements will benefit from determination of consensus values for PFAAs in SRMs to provide a means to demonstrate method-specific performance. To that end, NIST, in collaboration with other groups, has been measuring concentrations of PFAAs in a variety of SRMs. Here we report levels of PFAAs and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) determined in four biological SRMs: fish tissue (SRM 1946 Lake Superior Fish Tissue, SRM 1947 Lake Michigan Fish Tissue), bovine liver (SRM 1577c), and mussel tissue (SRM 2974a). We also report concentrations for three in-house quality-control materials: beluga whale liver, pygmy sperm whale liver, and white-sided dolphin liver. Measurements in SRMs show an array of PFAAs, with perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) being the most frequently detected. Reference and information values are reported for PFAAs measured in these biological SRMs. C1 [Reiner, Jessica L.; Schantz, Michele M.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Reiner, Jessica L.; O'Connell, Steven G.; Keller, Jennifer M.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Butt, Craig M.; Mabury, Scott A.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1J4, Canada. [Small, Jeff M.; De Silva, Amila O.; Muir, Derek C. G.] Environm Canada, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Burlington, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Delinsky, Amy D.; Strynar, Mark J.; Lindstrom, Andrew B.] US EPA, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Reagen, William K.; Malinsky, Michelle] 3M Co, Environm Lab, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. [Schaefer, Sandra] Bundesamt Seeschiffahrt & Hydrog, D-22589 Hamburg, Germany. [Kwadijk, Christiaan J. A. F.] Wageningen IMARES, NL-1976 CP Ijmuiden, Netherlands. RP Reiner, JL (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM jessica.reiner@nist.gov RI Reiner, Jessica /B-3167-2011; Reiner, Jessica/B-9169-2008; Butt, Craig/E-4213-2013; OI Butt, Craig/0000-0001-5033-8745; Muir, Derek/0000-0001-6631-9776 NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 51 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 404 IS 9 BP 2683 EP 2692 DI 10.1007/s00216-012-5943-5 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 027GF UT WOS:000310339400011 PM 22476786 ER PT J AU Vu, KD Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY Valero, JR AF Khanh Dang Vu Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. Valero, J. R. TI Mathematical relationships between spore concentrations, delta-endotoxin levels, and entomotoxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis preparations produced in different fermentation media SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1; Entomotoxicity; Mathematic relation; Semi-synthetic medium; Starch industry wastewater ID WASTE-WATER SLUDGE; SUBSP KURSTAKI; ZWITTERMICIN-A; BIOPESTICIDES; LEPIDOPTERA; SPORULATION; PROTEINS; COMPLEX; CEREUS; HD-1 AB Mathematic relationships between spore concentrations, delta-endotoxin concentrations and entomotoxicity (Tx) of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1 (Btk HD-1) preparations produced in six different media were analysed. The relationship between delta-endotoxin and spore concentration and SpTx-spore (specific Tx per 1000 spore) and spore concentration produced in the different media (starch industry wastewater (SIW) with total solids (TS) concentration of 15 g/L, SIW with TS of 30 g/L, SIW supplemented with 0.2% (w/v) colloidal chitin, SIW supplemented with 1.25% (w/v) cornstarch and 0.2% (v/v) Tween 80, secondary sludge, and semi-synthetic medium) strictly followed the Power law. Tx and delta endotoxin concentration followed the exponential relation whereas a definite relation between Tx and spore concentration could not be established. Spore and delta-endotoxin produced at the early time (12 h) during fermentation might be more toxic than those produced during latter period of fermentation irrespective of media used. Tx and delta-endotoxin concentration exhibited a semi-log linear relationship. Based on these findings, delta-endotoxin concentration can be determined rapidly to monitor the progress of the biopesticide production process. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Khanh Dang Vu; Tyagi, R. D.; Valero, J. R.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Courrone, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Canada Research Chair) FX The authors are sincerely thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A4984, Canada Research Chair) for financial support. The authors sincerely thank ADM-Ogilvie (Candiac, Quebec, Canada) for providing starch industry wastewater and thank Insect Production Unit, Great Lakes Forest Research Centre (Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario) for providing spruce budworm larvae during conducting this project The views and opinions expressed in this article are strictly those of authors. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 123 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.110 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 028CT UT WOS:000310401100045 PM 22940334 ER PT J AU Ramakrishnan, A Surampalli, RY AF Ramakrishnan, Anushuya Surampalli, Rao Y. TI Comparative performance of UASB and anaerobic hybrid reactors for the treatment of complex phenolic wastewater SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coal wastewater; Phenolics; Sludge; Methane ID SLUDGE BLANKET REACTOR; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; CRESOL AB The performance of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and an anaerobic hybrid reactor (AHR) was investigated for the treatment of simulated coal wastewater containing toxic phenolics at different hydraulic retention times (0.75-0.33 d). Fast start-up and granulation of biomass could be achieved in an AHR (45 d) than UASB (58 d) reactor. Reduction of HRT from 1.5 to 0.33 d resulted in a decline in phenolics removal efficiency from 99% to 77% in AHR and 95% to 68% in UASB reactor respectively. AHR could withstand 2.5 times the selected phenolics loading compared to UASB reactor that could not withstand even 1.2 times the selected phenolics loading. Residence time distribution (RTD) study revealed a plug flow regime in the AHR and completely mixed regime in UASB reactor respectively. Energy economics of the reactors revealed that 12,159 MJ d(-1) more energy can be generated using AHR than UASB reactor. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ramakrishnan, Anushuya] UT School Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77054 USA. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Ramakrishnan, A (reprint author), UT School Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, 1200 Hermann Pressler St, Houston, TX 77054 USA. EM anushuyar@gmail.com NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 123 BP 352 EP 359 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.072 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 028CT UT WOS:000310401100052 PM 22940341 ER PT J AU John, K Pratt, M Beland, FA Churchwell, MI McMullen, G Olivero, OA Pogribny, IP Poirier, MC AF John, Kaarthik Pratt, M. Margaret Beland, Frederick A. Churchwell, Mona I. McMullen, Gail Olivero, Ofelia A. Pogribny, Igor P. Poirier, Miriam C. TI Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) DNA adduct formation in DNA repair-deficient p53 haploinsufficient [Xpa(-/-)p53(+/-)] and wild-type mice fed BP and BP plus chlorophyllin for 28 days SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; PIGMENTOSUM GROUP-A; METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TUMOR-DEVELOPMENT; ULTRAVIOLET-B; MOUSE MODELS; XPA MICE; GENE XPA AB We have evaluated DNA damage (DNA adduct formation) after feeding benzo[a] pyrene (BP) to wild-type (WT) and cancer-susceptible Xpa(-/-)p53(+/-) mice deficient in nucleotide excision repair and haploinsufficient for the tumor suppressor p53. DNA damage was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ES-MS/MS), which measures r7,t8,t9-trihydroxy-c-10-(N-2-deoxyguanosyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPdG), and a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA), using anti-r7,t8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE)-DNA antiserum, which measures both BPdG and the other stable BP-DNA adducts. When mice were fed 100 ppm BP for 28 days, BP-induced DNA damage measured in esophagus, liver and lung was typically higher in Xpa(-/-) p53(+/-) mice, compared with WT mice. This result is consistent with the previously observed tumor susceptibility of Xpa(-/-) p53(+/-) mice. BPdG, the major DNA adduct associated with tumorigenicity, was the primary DNA adduct formed in esophagus (a target tissue in the mouse), whereas total BP-DNA adducts predominated in higher levels in the liver (a non-target tissue in the mouse). In an attempt to lower BP-induced DNA damage, we fed the WT and Xpa(-/-) p53(+/-) mice 0.3% chlorophyllin (CHL) in the BP-containing diet for 28 days. The addition of CHL resulted in an increase of BP-DNA adducts in esophagus, liver and lung of WT mice, a lowering of BPdG in esophagi of WT mice and livers of Xpa(-/-) p53(+/-) mice and an increase of BPdG in livers of WT mice. Therefore, the addition of CHL to a BP-containing diet showed a lack of consistent chemoprotective effect, indicating that oral CHL administration may not reduce PAH-DNA adduct levels consistently in human organs. C1 [John, Kaarthik; Pratt, M. Margaret; Olivero, Ofelia A.; Poirier, Miriam C.] NCI, Carcinogen DNA Interact Sect, LCBG, CCR,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Beland, Frederick A.; Churchwell, Mona I.; Pogribny, Igor P.] US FDA, Div Biochem Toxicol, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [McMullen, Gail] NCI, Off Director, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Poirier, MC (reprint author), NCI, Carcinogen DNA Interact Sect, LCBG, CCR,NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM poirierm@exchange.nih.gov FU Intramural Program of the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD FX This study was funded by the Intramural Program of the Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD NOV PY 2012 VL 33 IS 11 BP 2236 EP 2241 DI 10.1093/carcin/bgs247 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 031FL UT WOS:000310624400026 PM 22828138 ER PT J AU Severson, PL Tokar, EJ Vrba, L Waalkes, MP Futscher, BW AF Severson, Paul L. Tokar, Erik J. Vrba, Lukas Waalkes, Michael P. Futscher, Bernard W. TI Agglomerates of aberrant DNA methylation are associated with toxicant-induced malignant transformation SO EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article DE epigenetics; arsenic; cadmium; DNA methylation; malignant transformation; long-range epigenetic silencing; agglomerative DNA methylation; H3K9me3; H3K27me3 ID PROSTATE EPITHELIAL-CELLS; UROTHELIAL CELLS; BREAST-CANCER; BLADDER; GENE; CARCINOMA; LINES; CARCINOGENESIS; EPIGENETICS; CHROMATIN AB Epigenetic dysfunction is a known contributor in carcinogenesis, and is emerging as a mechanism involved in toxicant-induced malignant transformation for environmental carcinogens such as arsenicals or cadmium. In addition to aberrant DNA methylation of single genes, another manifestation of epigenetic dysfunction in cancer is agglomerative DNA methylation, which can participate in long-range epigenetic silencing that targets many neighboring genes and has been shown to occur in several types of clinical cancers. Using in vitro model systems of toxicant-induced malignant transformation, we found hundreds of aberrant DNA methylation events that emerge during malignant transformation, some of which occur in an agglomerative fashion. In an arsenite-transformed prostate epithelial cell line, the protocadherin (PCDH), HOXC and HOXD gene family clusters are targeted for agglomerative DNA methylation. The agglomerative DNA methylation changes induced by arsenicals appear to be common and clinically relevant events, since they occur in other human cancer cell lines and models of malignant transformation, as well as clinical cancer specimens. Aberrant DNA methylation in general occurred more often within histone H3 lysine-27 trimethylation stem cell domains. We found a striking association between enrichment of histone H3 lysine-9 trimethylation stem cell domains and toxicant-induced agglomerative DNA methylation, suggesting these epigenetic modifications may become aberrantly linked during malignant transformation. In summary, we found an association between toxicant-induced malignant transformation and agglomerative DNA methylation, which lends further support to the hypothesis that epigenetic dysfunction plays an important role in toxicant-induced malignant transformation. C1 [Severson, Paul L.; Futscher, Bernard W.] Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Tokar, Erik J.; Waalkes, Michael P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Vrba, Lukas] Univ Arizona, Ctr Canc, Tucson, AZ USA. [Vrba, Lukas] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Plant Mol Biol, Biol Ctr ASCR, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. RP Futscher, BW (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM bfutscher@azcc.arizona.edu RI Vrba, Lukas/J-9268-2015 OI Vrba, Lukas/0000-0003-3042-6275 FU National Institutes of Health [P42 ES04940, ES006694, CA23074, 5T32ES16652-3] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (P42 ES04940, ES006694, CA23074, 5T32ES16652-3 to P.S.). We thank the laboratory of Dr A. Jay Gandolfi for providing the URO-MSC52 and URO-MSC12+24(-) cell lines. We are grateful to the laboratory of Drs Donald and Mary Ann Sens for sharing UROtsa, URO-ASSC and URO-CDSC. We wish to thank Dr Petr Novak for contributing his time and insightful comments. The costs for publication of this article were deferred by the Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center (ES006694). This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), however, the statements, opinions or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH or the US government. NR 60 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1559-2294 J9 EPIGENETICS-US JI Epigenetics PD NOV PY 2012 VL 7 IS 11 BP 1238 EP 1248 DI 10.4161/epi.22163 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 030PO UT WOS:000310582800004 PM 22976526 ER PT J AU Bolton, JL Smith, SH Huff, NC Gilmour, MI Foster, WM Auten, RL Bilbo, SD AF Bolton, Jessica L. Smith, Susan H. Huff, Nicole C. Gilmour, M. Ian Foster, W. Michael Auten, Richard L. Bilbo, Staci D. TI Prenatal air pollution exposure induces neuroinflammation and predisposes offspring to weight gain in adulthood in a sex-specific manner SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE high-fat diet; cytokines; microglia; prenatal programming; diesel exhaust ID DIET-INDUCED OBESITY; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; FETAL-GROWTH; INFLAMMATION; BRAIN; FAT; MICE; RAT AB Emerging evidence suggests environmental chemical exposures during critical windows of development may contribute to the escalating prevalence of obesity. We tested the hypothesis that prenatal air pollution exposure would predispose the offspring to weight gain in adulthood. Pregnant mice were exposed to filtered air (FA) or diesel exhaust (DE) on embryonic days (E) 9-17. Prenatal DE induced a significant fetal brain cytokine response at E18 (46-390% over FA). As adults, offspring were fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 wk. Adult DE male offspring weighed 12% more and were 35% less active than FA male offspring at baseline, whereas there were no differences in females. Following HFD, DE males gained weight at the same rate as FA males, whereas DE females gained 340% more weight than FA females. DE-HFD males had 450% higher endpoint insulin levels than FA-HFD males, and all males on HFD showed decreased activity and increased anxiety, whereas females showed no differences. Finally, both DE males and females fed HFD showed increased microglial activation (30-66%) within several brain regions. Thus, prenatal air pollution exposure can "program" offspring for increased susceptibility to diet-induced weight gain and neuroinflammation in adulthood in a sex-specific manner.-Bolton, J. L., Smith, S. H., Huff, N. C., Gilmour, M. I., Foster, W. M., Auten, R. L., Bilbo, S. D. Prenatal air pollution exposure induces neuroinflammation and predisposes offspring to weight gain in adulthood in a sex-specific manner. FASEB J. 26, 4743-4754 (2012). www.fasebj.org C1 [Bolton, Jessica L.; Smith, Susan H.; Huff, Nicole C.; Bilbo, Staci D.] Duke Univ, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Gilmour, M. Ian] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Foster, W. Michael] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Auten, Richard L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatal Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Bolton, JL (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, 210 Res Dr,Box 91050,3019 GSRB II, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM jessica.bolton@duke.edu RI Bilbo, Staci/L-5076-2016; OI Bilbo, Staci/0000-0001-6736-7841; Bolton, Jessica/0000-0002-8872-4999 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Children's Environmental Health Center [RD 83329301]; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences FX The authors thank Charly King and Todd Krantz for assistance in conducting the inhalation exposures and monitoring, and Nicholas Mason and Erin Potts Kant for assistance with the multiplex protein assay. The authors also thank Rishi Mistry, Paige Sholar, Anthony Franco, Farah Dadabhoy, Divya Natesan, Isabella Dreyfuss, and Tania Hassanzadeh for technical assistance with diet monitoring procedures and brain Iba-1 quantification. This paper has been reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendations for use. J.L.B. is supported by a National Science Foundation graduate research fellowship. This work was supported by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Children's Environmental Health Center award RD 83329301 and a Research Incubator award from the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences. NR 54 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 21 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 26 IS 11 BP 4743 EP 4754 DI 10.1096/fj.12-210989 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 030MG UT WOS:000310574200034 PM 22815382 ER PT J AU Chen, WM Kaplan, BLF Pike, ST Topper, LA Lichorobiec, NR Simmons, SO Ramabhadran, R Kaminski, NE AF Chen, Weimin Kaplan, Barbara L. F. Pike, Schuyler T. Topper, Lauren A. Lichorobiec, Nicholas R. Simmons, Steven O. Ramabhadran, Ram Kaminski, Norbert E. TI Magnitude of stimulation dictates the cannabinoid-mediated differential T cell response to HIVgp120 SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immunomodulation; cytotoxic T lymphocytes; antigen specificity; cytokines; NFAT-calcium signaling ID INTERLEUKIN-2 IL-2 EXPRESSION; INTERFERON-GAMMA PROMOTER; GENE-EXPRESSION; NUCLEAR FACTOR; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; INFLUENZA INFECTION; IMMUNE MODULATION; HIV-1 INFECTION; LYMPH-NODE AB Approximately 25% of immunocompromised HIV patients smoke marijuana for its putative therapeutic benefit. The goal of these studies was to test the hypothesis that marijuana-derived cannabinoids have immunomodulatory effects on HIV antigen-specific T cell effector function. A surrogate mouse model to induce polyclonal T cell responses against HIVgp120 was established. THC, a marijuana-derived cannabinoid, suppressed or enhanced mouse CD8(+) T cell proliferation and the gp120-specific CTL response depending on the magnitude of the IFN-gamma response. To determine the molecular mechanisms by which cannabinoids differentially modulate T cell responses, P/I or anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies were used for stimulation, and another marijuana-derived cannabinoid, CBD, was also investigated. THC or CBD suppressed or enhanced IFN-gamma and IL-2 production by mouse splenocytes under optimal or suboptimal stimulation, respectively. Similar differential effects of cannabinoids on cytokine production were also observed on nuclear translocation of NFAT and with human PBMCs in response to P/I stimulation. However, THC and CBD elevated intracellular calcium, regardless of the stimulation level with P/I suggesting that the cannabinoid-induced calcium increase provides an appropriate signal for activation in suboptimally stimulated T cells but an anergic-like signal as a result of excessive calcium in optimally stimulated T cells. Overall, these data demonstrate differential modulation by cannabinoids of a HIV antigen-specific response and identify a possible mechanism responsible for this effect. J. Leukoc. Biol. 92: 1093-1102; 2012. C1 [Kaplan, Barbara L. F.; Kaminski, Norbert E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Ctr Integrat Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Chen, Weimin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Simmons, Steven O.; Ramabhadran, Ram] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kaminski, NE (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Ctr Integrat Toxicol, 1129 Farm Lane,315 Food Safety & Toxicol Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kamins11@msu.edu OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU U.S. National Institutes of Health grants [DA007908, DA020402, 1F32DA031067-01] FX This work was funded by U.S. National Institutes of Health grants DA007908, DA020402, and 1F32DA031067-01. The authors thank Sonia Dantas and Sara Fox for assisting in the construction of the pLex-gp120 plasmids. The authors also acknowledge Robert Crawford for immunofluorescence analysis and Kimberly Hambleton for assistance with submission of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 92 IS 5 BP 1093 EP 1102 DI 10.1189/jlb.0212082 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA 030QF UT WOS:000310584500019 PM 22899554 ER PT J AU Lee, C Teng, Q Zhong, RQ Yuan, YX Haghighat, M Ye, ZH AF Lee, Chanhui Teng, Quincy Zhong, Ruiqin Yuan, Youxi Haghighat, Marziyeh Ye, Zheng-Hua TI Three Arabidopsis DUF579 Domain-Containing GXM Proteins are Methyltransferases Catalyzing 4-O-Methylation of Glucuronic Acid on Xylan SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; Glucuronic acid; Methyltransferase; Secondary wall; Xylan ID SECONDARY WALL SYNTHESIS; GOLGI-LOCALIZED PROTEIN; REDUCING END-GROUPS; CELL-WALL; PUTATIVE METHYLTRANSFERASE; MUTANTS REVEALS; BIOSYNTHESIS; HOMOGALACTURONAN; POLYSACCHARIDES; BIOMASS AB Xylan is made of a linear chain of beta-1,4-linked xylosyl residues, some of which are substituted with side chains, such as glucuronic acid (GlcA), methylglucuronic acid (MeGlcA) and arabinose, depending on the source of xylan. Although past studies have revealed a number of genes involved in the elongation of the xylan backbone and the addition of GlcA and arabinosyl side chains, no genes have been shown to be implicated in glucuronoxylan methylation. In this report, we investigated the roles of three Arabidopsis genes, namely GLUCURONOXYLAN METHYLTRANSFERASE1 (GXM1), GXM2 and GXM3, in xylan biosynthesis. The GXM1/2/3 genes were found to be expressed in secondary wall-forming cells and their expression was regulated by SND1, a secondary wall master transcriptional switch. Their encoded proteins were shown to be located in the Golgi, where xylan biosynthesis occurs. Chemical analysis of cell wall sugars from single and double mutants of these genes revealed that although no alterations in the amount of xylose were observed, a significant reduction in the level of MeGlcA was evident in the gxm3 single mutant and the gxm double mutants. Structural analysis of xylan demonstrated that the gxm mutations caused a specific defect in GlcA methylation on xylan without affecting the frequency of xylan substitution. Only about 10% of the GlcA residues on xylan were methylated in the gxm2/3 double mutant, whereas in the wild type 60% of the GlcA residues were methylated. Furthermore, an activity assay demonstrated that recombinant GXM proteins exhibited a methyltransferase activity capable of transferring the methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine onto GlcA-substituted xylooligomers and simultaneous mutations of GXM2/3 genes caused a loss of such a methyltransferase activity. Taken together, our results provide the first line of genetic and biochemical evidence that the three DUF579 domain-containing proteins, GXM1, GXM2 and GXM3, are methyltransferases catalyzing 4-O-methylation of GlcA side chains on xylan. C1 [Lee, Chanhui; Zhong, Ruiqin; Yuan, Youxi; Haghighat, Marziyeh; Ye, Zheng-Hua] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Teng, Quincy] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Teng, Quincy] Univ Georgia, Dept Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Ye, ZH (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM zhye@plantbio.uga.edu FU US Department of Energy Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-03ER15415] FX This work was funded by the the US Department of Energy Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [Grant DE-FG02-03ER15415]. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 53 IS 11 BP 1934 EP 1949 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcs138 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 034SE UT WOS:000310892400010 PM 23045523 ER PT J AU Laroo, CA Schenk, CR Sanchez, LJ McDonald, J Smith, PL AF Laroo, Christopher A. Schenk, Charles R. Sanchez, L. James McDonald, Joseph Smith, Peter L. TI Emissions of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PAHs from legacy on-road heavy-duty diesel engines SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Diesel; PCDD/F; Dioxin; Furan; PCB; PAH ID POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; P-DIOXINS; VEHICLES; PCDFS AB Exhaust emissions of seventeen 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furan (PCDD/F) congeners, tetra-octa PCDD/F homologues, 12 WHO 2005 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, mono-nona chlorinated biphenyl homologues, and 19 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from three legacy diesel engines were investigated. The three engines tested were a 1985 model year GM 6.2 J-series engine, a 1987 model year Detroit Diesel Corporation 6V92 engine, and a 1993 model year Cummins L10 engine. Results were compared to United States' mobile source inventory for on-road diesel engines, as well as historic and modern diesel engine emission values. The test fuel contained chlorine at 9.8 ppm which is 1.5 orders of magnitude above what is found in current diesel fuel and 3900 ppm sulfur to simulate fuels that would have been available when these engines were produced. Results indicate PCDD/F emissions of 13.1, 7.1, and 13.6 pg International Toxic Equivalency (I-TEQ) L-1 fuel consumed for the three engines respectively, where non-detects are equal to zero. This compares with a United States' mobile source on-road diesel engine inventory value of 946 pg I-TEQ L-1 fuel consumed and 1.28 pg I-TEQ L-1 fuel consumed for modern engines equipped with a catalyzed diesel particle filter and urea selective catalytic reduction. PCB emissions are 2 orders of magnitude greater than modern diesel engines. PAH results are representative of engines from this era based on historical values and are 3-4 orders of magnitude greater than modern diesel engines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Laroo, Christopher A.; Schenk, Charles R.; Sanchez, L. James; McDonald, Joseph; Smith, Peter L.] US EPA, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Laroo, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, 2565 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM laroo.chris@epa.gov NR 34 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD NOV PY 2012 VL 89 IS 11 BP 1287 EP 1294 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.022 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 024MF UT WOS:000310112600004 PM 22682896 ER PT J AU Hoheisel, SM Diamond, S Mount, D AF Hoheisel, Sarah M. Diamond, Steve Mount, David TI Comparison of nanosilver and ionic silver toxicity in Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Silver; Nanoparticles; Sublethal; Daphnia magna; Fathead minnow ID RAINBOW-TROUT; NANOPARTICLES; EXPOSURE; ORGANISMS; WATER; FISH AB The increasing use of nanosilver in consumer products and the likelihood of environmental exposure warrant investigation into the toxicity of nanosilver to aquatic organisms. A series of studies were conducted comparing the potency of nanosilver to ionic silver (Ag+) at acute and sublethal levels using two test organisms (Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas). The 48-h D. magna median lethal concentration (LC50) of multiple sizes (10, 20, 30, and 50?nm) of commercially prepared nanosilver (nanoComposix) ranged from 4.31 to 30.36 mu g total Ag L-1 with increasing toxicity associated with decreasing particle size. A strong relationship between estimated specific particle surface area and acute toxicity was observed. Nanosilver suspensions (10?nm) treated with cation exchange resin to reduce the concentration of Ag+ associated with it were approximately equally toxic to D. magna compared to untreated nanosilver (48-h LC50s were 2.15 and 2.79 mu g total Ag L-1, respectively). The 96-h LC50 and 7-d sublethal 20% effective concentrations (EC20s) for P. promelas were 89.4 and 46.1 mu g total Ag L-1, respectively, for 10?nm nanosilver and 4.70 and 1.37 mu g total Ag L-1, respectively, for Ag+; the resulting ratios of 96-h LC50 to 7-d EC20 were not significantly different for nanosilver and ionic silver. Overall, these studies did not provide strong evidence that nanosilver either acts by a different mechanism of toxicity than ionic silver, or is likely to cause acute or lethal toxicity beyond that which would be predicted by mass concentration of total silver. This in turn suggests that regulatory approaches based on the toxicity of ionic silver to aquatic life would not be underprotective for environmental releases of nanosilver. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 25572563.(C) 2012 SETAC C1 [Hoheisel, Sarah M.; Diamond, Steve; Mount, David] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [Hoheisel, Sarah M.] Univ Minnesota, Integrated Biosci Grad Program, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. RP Diamond, S (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM diamond.steve@epa.gov FU University of Minnesota; University of Minnesota-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) FX Sincere thanks to the University of Minnesota's Integrated Bioscience program, and the University of Minnesota-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Cooperative Training Partnership for funding the graduate student research of which this manuscript is a part. We thank R. Erickson, R. Axler, G. Ankley, P. Schoff, and many other U.S. EPA and University of Minnesota researchers who were indispensable in the completion of the present study. NR 34 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 91 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 31 IS 11 BP 2557 EP 2563 DI 10.1002/etc.1978 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 026LX UT WOS:000310281300015 PM 22887018 ER PT J AU Skolness, SY Durhan, EJ Jensen, KM Kahl, MD Makynen, EA Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT AF Skolness, Sarah Y. Durhan, Elizabeth J. Jensen, Kathleen M. Kahl, Michael D. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. TI Effects of gemfibrozil on lipid metabolism, steroidogenesis, and reproduction in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Pharmaceutical; Cholesterol; Toxicity; Fish; Aromatase ID SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; FATTY-ACID SYNTHASE; PEROXISOME-PROLIFERATOR; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; CARASSIUS-AURATUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; CLOFIBRIC ACID; RAINBOW-TROUT; MESSENGER-RNA AB Fibrates are a class of pharmaceuticals that indirectly modulate cholesterol biosynthesis through effects on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Gemfibrozil is a fibrate that has been detected in wastewater treatment plant influents, effluents, and drinking water. The objective of the present study was to assess the potential physiological and reproductive impacts of gemfibrozil on fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Fish were exposed to gemfibrozil in two different studies. The first was a short-term test with water concentrations of 0, 15, and 600 mu g gemfibrozil/L, sampling after 2 or 8 d of exposure. Plasma cholesterol concentrations were significantly reduced in males exposed to 600 mu g gemfibrozil/L for 8 d. In addition, expression of several hepatic genes important to lipid metabolism was altered, suggesting that gemfibrozil does affect lipid metabolism in fish. A 21-d study was conducted to investigate further the effects on lipid metabolism and steroidogenesis as well as to assess potential impacts of gemfibrozil on reproduction. Fish were exposed to water concentrations of 0, 1.5, 15, 600, and 1,500 mu g gemfibrozil/L. Exposure to 1,500 mu g gemfibrozil/L caused a modest, but not significant, reduction in fecundity. However, gemfibrozil had no consistent effect on plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, or sex steroids after 21 d of exposure. The present study showed no evidence for significant physiological or reproductive impacts of gemfibrozil at an environmentally relevant concentration of 1.5 mu g/L. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 26152624. (C) 2012 SETAC C1 [Skolness, Sarah Y.] Univ Minnesota, Toxicol Grad Program, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Kahl, Michael D.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Skolness, SY (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Toxicol Grad Program, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. EM skoln005@umn.edu FU Toxicology Graduate Program, through the University of Minnesota Duluth FX The present study was conducted at the U.S. Environmental Production Agency Mid-Continent Ecology Division in Duluth, Minnesota. The present study was supported in part by K. Wallace and the Toxicology Graduate Program, through the University of Minnesota Duluth. J. Berninger provided valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines. Mention of products and trade names does not indicate endorsement. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 31 IS 11 BP 2615 EP 2624 DI 10.1002/etc.1989 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 026LX UT WOS:000310281300023 PM 22911976 ER PT J AU Gelfand, AE Sahu, SK Holland, DM AF Gelfand, Alan E. Sahu, Sujit K. Holland, David M. TI On the effect of preferential sampling in spatial?prediction SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Article DE fitting model; hierarchical model; informative covariate; intensity; sampling model; spatial point pattern AB The choice of the sampling locations in a spatial network is often guided by practical demands. In particular, many locations are preferentially chosen to capture high values of a response, for example, air pollution levels in environmental monitoring. Then, model estimation and prediction of the exposure surface become biased because of the selective sampling. As prediction is often the main utility of the modeling, we suggest that the effect of preferential sampling lies more importantly in the resulting predictive surface than in parameter estimation. We take demonstration of this effect as our?focus. In particular, our contribution is to offer a direct simulation-based approach to assessing the effects of preferential sampling. We compare two predictive surfaces over the study region, one originating from the notion of an operating intensity, driving the selection of monitoring sites, the other under complete spatial randomness. We can consider a range of response models. They may reflect the operating intensity, introduce alternative informative covariates, or just propose a flexible spatial model. Then, we can generate data under the given model. Upon fitting the model and interpolating (kriging), we will obtain two predictive surfaces to compare with the known truth. It is important to note that we need suitable metrics to compare the surfaces and that the predictive surfaces are random, so we need to make expected comparisons. We also present an examination of real data using ozone exposures. Here, what we can show is that, within a given network, there can be substantial differences in the spatial prediction using preferentially chosen locations versus roughly randomly selected locations and that the latter provide much improved predictive validation. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Sahu, Sujit K.] Univ Southampton, Southampton Stat Sci Res Inst, Math Acad Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. [Gelfand, Alan E.] Duke Univ, Inst Stat & Decis, Durham, NC USA. [Holland, David M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sahu, SK (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Southampton Stat Sci Res Inst, Math Acad Unit, Southampton, Hants, England. EM S.K.Sahu@soton.ac.uk FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES014843] NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1180-4009 J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD NOV PY 2012 VL 23 IS 7 BP 565 EP 578 DI 10.1002/env.2169 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA 029DO UT WOS:000310475200002 PM 24077640 ER PT J AU Glaser, DR Werkema, DD Versteeg, RJ Henderson, RD Rucker, DF AF Glaser, D. R. Werkema, D. D. Versteeg, R. J. Henderson, R. D. Rucker, D. F. TI Temporal GPR imaging of an ethanol release within a laboratory-scaled sand tank SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE GPR; Ethanol; Biofuels; Brilliant Blue; CRIM ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; WATER-CONTENT; BRILLIANT BLUE; NATURAL ATTENUATION; PERMITTIVITY; SOILS; ROCKS; FREQUENCY AB Within the last decade efforts in geophysical detection and monitoring of fossil fuel releases into the subsurface have shown increasing success, including the ability to geophysically detect and delineate enhanced and natural biodegradation and remediation activities. The substitution of biofuels, such as ethanol, for fossil fuels is becoming persistent in the national and international marketplaces making it subject to the same types of accidental releases and exposure scenarios currently associated with the transport and storage of fossil fuels. Thus, there is interest from both academics and regulators to investigate the feasibility of applying geophysical methodologies to biofuel releases. In this study, we performed experimental and numerical investigations on the feasibility of using ground penetrating radar (GPR) to monitor the migration of an ethanol release. A tank scale model of a closed hydrologic system was prepared with Ottawa sand and instrumented with an automated gantry measurement apparatus for time-lapse measurement of zero offset and coincident GPR reflections on multiple horizontal planes. Measurements were acquired in the unsaturated and saturated zones throughout the injection and transport of the ethanol release. The results of the monitoring suggest a measureable contrast within both time and frequency domains of the GPR data coincident with the ethanol release and subsequent migration. We conclude that the monitoring of ethanol in a sand matrix at various levels of saturation is possible with GPR. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Werkema, D. D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Glaser, D. R.] Washington River Protect Solut LLC, Dept Energy, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Versteeg, R. J.] Subsurface Insights LLC, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Henderson, R. D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Integrat Geosci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Henderson, R. D.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Rucker, D. F.] HydroGEOPHYSICS Inc, Tucson, AZ 85745 USA. RP Werkema, DD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM werkema.d@epa.gov OI Rucker, Dale/0000-0002-8930-2747 FU U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development under student services [EP08D00724]; Idaho National Laboratory FX This work was partially funded by the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development under student services contract EP08D00724. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for presentation, it may not necessarily reflect official agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. Additional funding and equipment was provided by Idaho National Laboratory. The authors would like to thank Robert Kinoshita of Idaho National Laboratory and Dr. Tim Johnson of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for their assistance in the laboratory. NR 70 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9851 J9 J APPL GEOPHYS JI J. Appl. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 86 BP 133 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2012.07.016 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 024KC UT WOS:000310107100014 ER PT J AU Johnson, TN Kennedy, PL Etterson, MA AF Johnson, Tracey N. Kennedy, Patricia L. Etterson, Matthew A. TI Nest success and cause-specific nest failure of grassland passerines breeding in prairie grazed by livestock SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE avian demography; cause-specific nest failure; grazing intensity; horned lark; nest success; Pacific Northwest Bunchgrass Prairie; predation risk; rangeland management; savannah sparrow; stocking rate ID NORTHWEST BUNCHGRASS PRAIRIE; SIMULATED GROUND NESTS; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; PREDATION RISK; HABITAT; CATTLE; FOOD; SPARROWS; SURVIVAL; BIRDS AB Livestock grazing is a widespread source of habitat modification, and may affect populations of ground-nesting grassland birds by influencing rates of nest failure. Nesting attempts can fail for various reasons, and determining risk of failure from specific causes associated with livestock grazing would enhance development of range management practices in areas managed for threatened grassland bird populations. Domestic livestock may influence nest failure by affecting vegetation structure, numerical or functional responses of predators, or directly by trampling nests. We hypothesized stocking rate may influence nest fate because it affects the amount and distribution of remaining vegetation, and the number of large herbivores to which nests are exposed. In 2007 and 2008, we evaluated nest fates for savannah sparrows and horned larks under 4 stocking rates experimentally applied in 40-ha paddocks in northeastern Oregon, USA. In addition to stocking rate, we evaluated variables such as vegetation structure and predator abundance and activity to help clarify mechanisms responsible for nest failure. We used a discrete competing risks framework to estimate daily probability of nest survival and failure from specific causes. These algorithms, implemented in a stand-alone graphical user interface-driven model, allow incorporation of covariates within an information theoretic approach to model inference. Although stocking rate influenced vegetation structure, the only nest failures related to stocking rate were from trampling. Trampling events were too infrequent to test for treatment effects (only 1 nest of each species), but occurred in the moderate and high stocking treatments. Additional variables were related to variation in nest failure from predation, but we found no support for the hypothesis that these causes of failure were affected by stocking rate. For savannah sparrows, daily probability of nest success (95% CI)?=?0.97 (0.960.98); predation?=?0.018 (0.0080.028); and trampling?=?0.001 (0.0000.004). For horned larks, daily probability of nest success?=?0.96 (0.950.98); predation?=?0.029 (0.0120.045); and trampling?=?0.003 (0.0000.007). Our results suggest grasslands managed for livestock may generally be compatible with grassland songbird conservation, at least for the species and stocking rates examined here. The most effective conservation strategies for improving nest success will involve decreasing risk of nest predation. However, we found no evidence that management of stocking rate is an effective method for doing so. (c) 2012 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Johnson, Tracey N.; Kennedy, Patricia L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Union, OR 97883 USA. [Johnson, Tracey N.; Kennedy, Patricia L.] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Union, OR 97883 USA. [Etterson, Matthew A.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Johnson, TN (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, 1000 E Univ Ave,Dept 3166, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM tjohns67@uwyo.edu RI Kennedy, Patricia/I-4902-2015 OI Kennedy, Patricia/0000-0002-2090-1821 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-35101-16572]; Nature Conservancy; Oregon State University; Oregon Zoo; Prairie Biotic Research, Inc.; Cornell Lab of Ornithology; Garden Club of America; Sigma-Xi Grants-in-Aid of Research; Wildlife Society, Oregon Chapter FX Support for this work was provided by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, grant 2006-35101-16572; The Nature Conservancy; Oregon State University; The Oregon Zoo; Prairie Biotic Research, Inc.; The Cornell Lab of Ornithology; The Garden Club of America; Sigma-Xi Grants-in-Aid of Research; and The Wildlife Society, Oregon Chapter. We thank T. DelCurto, S. DeBano, P. Shephard, J. Fields, A. Freeman, L. J. Nichols, R. Taylor, A. Lueders, E. B. Rodrigues, S. Wyffels, and numerous people who helped with data collection. L. Nagy, K. Dugger, R. Miller, D. Pyke, and G. Niemi made comments which significantly improved the study design and manuscript. Views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The graphical user interface-driven model used in our analysis is available upon request: etterson.matthew@epa.gov. NR 64 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 94 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 76 IS 8 BP 1607 EP 1616 DI 10.1002/jwmg.437 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 026DB UT WOS:000310252300009 ER PT J AU Zabel, JE Guignet, D AF Zabel, Jeffrey E. Guignet, Dennis TI A hedonic analysis of the impact of LUST sites on house prices SO RESOURCE AND ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE LUST; Hedonic analysis; Groundwater contamination; Remediation benefits ID HAZARDOUS-WASTE SITES; PROPERTY-VALUES; BENEFITS AB Petroleum from leaking underground storage tanks (LUSTs) can contaminate local soil and surface and groundwater. This can pose health risks to the surrounding population. Focusing on single family home sales from 1996 to 2007 in three Maryland Counties, we use a hedonic house price model and a difference-in-difference approach to estimate the willingness to pay to clean up the LUST sites. Particular attention is given to how property values are affected by leak and cleanup activity at a LUST site, the severity of contamination, the presence of a primary exposure pathway (i.e., private groundwater wells), and publicity surrounding a LUST site. The results suggest that although the typical LUST may not significantly affect nearby property values, more publicized (and more severe) sites can decrease surrounding home values by more than 10%. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zabel, Jeffrey E.] Tufts Univ, Dept Econ, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Guignet, Dennis] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Zabel, JE (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Econ, 8 Upper Campus Rd, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM jeff.zabel@tufts.edu; guignet.dennis@epa.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-7655 J9 RESOUR ENERGY ECON JI Resour. Energy Econ. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 34 IS 4 BP 549 EP 564 DI 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2012.05.006 PG 16 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 023PB UT WOS:000310045800008 ER PT J AU Tornero-Velez, R Davis, J Scollon, EJ Starr, JM Setzer, RW Goldsmith, MR Chang, DT Xue, JP Zartarian, V DeVito, MJ Hughes, MF AF Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Davis, Jimena Scollon, Edward J. Starr, James M. Setzer, R. Woodrow Goldsmith, Michael-Rock Chang, Daniel T. Xue, Jianping Zartarian, Valerie DeVito, Michael J. Hughes, Michael F. TI A Pharmacokinetic Model of cis- and trans-Permethrin Disposition in Rats and Humans With Aggregate Exposure Application SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE pyrethroids; PBPK; aggregate exposure model ID IN-VITRO METABOLISM; HUMAN DOSE-EXCRETION; SUBURBAN CHILDRENS EXPOSURE; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; DRUG-METABOLISM; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CARE-CENTERS; DELTAMETHRIN; HYDROLYSIS; LIVER AB Permethrin is a broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide and among the most widely used insecticides in homes and crops. Managing the risks for pesticides such as permethrin depends on the ability to consider diverse exposure scenarios and their relative risks. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models of delta methrin disposition were modified to describe permethrin kinetics in the rat and human. Unlike formulated deltamethrin which consists of a single stereoisomer, permethrin is formulated as a blend of cis- and trans-diastereomers. We assessed time courses for cis-permethrin and trans-permethrin in several tissues (brain, blood, liver, and fat) in the rat following oral administration of 1 and 10mg/kg permethrin (cis/trans: 40/60). Accurate simulation of permethrin in the rat suggests that a generic model structure is promising for modeling pyrethroids. Human in vitro data and appropriate anatomical information were used to develop a provisional model of permethrin disposition with structures for managing oral, dermal, and inhalation routes of exposure. The human permethrin model was used to evaluate dietary and residential exposures in the U.S. population as estimated by EPA's Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation model. Simulated cis- and trans-DCCA, metabolites of permethrin, were consistent with measured values in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, indicating that the model holds promise for assessing population exposures and quantifying dose metrics. C1 [Tornero-Velez, Rogelio] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Davis, Jimena; Setzer, R. Woodrow] US EPA, NCCT ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Scollon, Edward J.; Hughes, Michael F.] US EPA, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [DeVito, Michael J.] NIEHS NTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Tornero-Velez, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, NERL ORD, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tornero-velez.rogelio@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. NR 61 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 40 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP 33 EP 47 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs236 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 025CV UT WOS:000310163200004 PM 22859315 ER PT J AU Hutson, A Ko, S Huling, SG AF Hutson, Andy Ko, Saebom Huling, Scott G. TI Persulfate oxidation regeneration of granular activated carbon: Reversible impacts on sorption behavior SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Persulfate; Oxidation; Granular activated carbon; Isotherm; MTBE ID FENTON-DRIVEN OXIDATION; TERT-BUTYL ETHER; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURES; MTBE; ADSORPTION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; KINETICS AB Chemical oxidation regeneration of granular activated carbon (GAC) is a developing technology that can be carried out utilizing thermally-activated persulfate. During chemical regeneration of GAC, aggressive oxidative conditions lead to high acidity (pH < 2) and the accumulation of sodium persulfate residuals in the GAC. In this study, we investigated the impact of chemical oxidation on the sorption characteristics of methyl-tert butyl ether (MTBE) in GAC. Loss of MTBE sorption was measured in thermally-activated persulfate regenerated GAC. The accumulation of sulfur was partially responsible for the blockage of sorption sites, but sorption loss was amplified under oxidizing and acidic conditions and attributed to the formation of acidic surface oxides and enhanced electrostatic attraction and accumulation of SO42- in GAC. Raising the pH in the GAC slurry resulted in the removal of the residual sulfate and improved MTBE sorption indicating that the mechanisms responsible for MTBE sorption loss were reversible. These results establish baseline conditions and parameters that can be used to optimize pilot- and full-scale deployment of thermally-activated persulfate regeneration of GAC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Hutson, Andy] E Cent Univ, Coll Hlth & Sci, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Ko, Saebom] Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Natl Res Council, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Huling, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM hutson.andy@epa.gov; ko.saebom@epa.gov; huling.scott@epa.gov FU McNair Scholar Program Office; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX We acknowledge and greatly appreciate Mrs. Pat Sutton and the McNair Scholar Program Office for their support of this project, the analytical support provided by M. Blankenship, S. Markham, and T. Pardue (Shaw Environmental and Infrastructure, Inc., Ada, OK), and the editorial assistance by Sarah Caldwell.; The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 72 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD NOV PY 2012 VL 89 IS 10 BP 1218 EP 1223 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.07.040 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 024ME UT WOS:000310112500009 PM 22921651 ER PT J AU Hoffman, JC Kelly, JR Peterson, GS Cotter, AM Starry, MA Sierszen, ME AF Hoffman, Joel C. Kelly, John R. Peterson, Greg S. Cotter, Anne M. Starry, Matthew A. Sierszen, Michael E. TI Using delta N-15 in Fish Larvae as an Indicator of Watershed Sources of Anthropogenic Nitrogen: Response at Multiple Spatial Scales SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen stable isotopes; Eutrophication; Monitoring; Sewage waste water; Great Lakes ID SUPERIOR COASTAL WETLAND; STABLE-ISOTOPES; LAKE-SUPERIOR; SALT-MARSH; FOOD-WEB; ECOSYSTEMS; INPUTS; MACROALGAE; SIGNATURES; ESTUARIES AB There is growing interest in applying delta N-15 in biota as an indicator of anthropogenic nutrient inputs to coastal environments because changes in delta N-15 correlate to inputs of land-based nutrients. In complex coastal receiving waters, however, land-use effects on biota delta N-15 may be masked by local hydrologic processes, especially exchange with coastal waters of different geochemical character. We examined delta N-15 differences among larval fish, a novel biotic indicator, in coastal receiving waters at both among and within watershed scales. Our goal was to characterize how hydrologic processes within coastal river mouths and embayments mediate the effect of land-based N sources on larval fish delta N-15. We sampled three Lake Superior river-embayment systems from watersheds that span a large population density gradient. Over all stations, mean fish delta N-15 ranged from 2.7 aEuro degrees to 10.8 aEuro degrees. Within each system, we found a different pattern in delta N-15 across the river-lake transition zone. Correlations between fish delta N-15 and water quality, particularly NH (4) (+) and total nitrogen, were highly significant and corresponded to known differences in sewage waste water inputs. A multivariate model that included both watershed-based population density and NH (4) (+) was found to provide the best fit to the delta N-15 data among a series of multi- and univariate candidate models. These results demonstrate that: (1) fish larvae delta N-15 responded at within watershed scales, and (2) within coastal receiving waters, fish larvae delta N-15 was related to waste water inputs at the watershed scale; however, expression at specific locations within a coastal system was strongly influenced by local hydrologic processes. C1 [Hoffman, Joel C.; Kelly, John R.; Peterson, Greg S.; Cotter, Anne M.; Sierszen, Michael E.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Starry, Matthew A.] SRA Int Inc, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Hoffman, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Hoffman.Joel@epa.gov NR 54 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 47 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD NOV PY 2012 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1453 EP 1467 DI 10.1007/s12237-012-9534-7 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 018LA UT WOS:000309660700008 ER PT J AU Quiros-Alcala, L Bradman, A Smith, K Weerasekera, G Odetokun, M Barr, DB Nishioka, M Castorina, R Hubbard, AE Nicas, M Hammond, SK McKone, TE Eskenazi, B AF Quiros-Alcala, Lesliam Bradman, Asa Smith, Kimberly Weerasekera, Gayanga Odetokun, Martins Barr, Dana Boyd Nishioka, Marcia Castorina, Rosemary Hubbard, Alan E. Nicas, Mark Hammond, S. Katharine McKone, Thomas E. Eskenazi, Brenda TI Organophosphorous pesticide breakdown products in house dust and children's urine SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomarkers; dialkylphosphates; dust; metabolites; organophosphates; urine ID MEXICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN; AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; EXPOSURE; CHLORPYRIFOS; 3,5,6-TRICHLORO-2-PYRIDINOL; ASSESSMENTS; METABOLITES; CHAMACOS; COHORT AB Human exposure to preformed dialkylphosphates (DAPs) in food or the environment may affect the reliability of DAP urinary metabolites as biomarkers of organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure. We conducted a study to investigate the presence of DAPs in indoor residential environments and their association with children's urinary DAP levels. We collected dust samples from homes in farmworker and urban communities (40 homes total, n = 79 samples) and up to two urine samples from resident children ages 3-6 years. We measured six DAPs in all samples and eight DAP-devolving OP pesticides in a subset of dust samples (n = 54). DAPs were detected in dust with diethylphosphate (DEP) being the most frequently detected (>= 60%); detection frequencies for other DAPs were <= 50%. DEP dust concentrations did not significantly differ between communities, nor were concentrations significantly correlated with concentrations of chlorpyrifos and diazinon, the most frequently detected diethyl-OP pesticides (Spearman rho = -0.41 to 0.38, P > 0.05). Detection of DEP, chlorpyrifos, or diazinon, was not associated with DEP and/or DEP + diethylthiophosphate detection in urine (Kappa coefficients = -0.33 to 0.16). Finally, estimated non-dietary ingestion intake from DEP in dust was found to be <= 5% of the dose calculated from DEP levels in urine, suggesting that ingestion of dust is not a significant source of DAPs in urine if they are excreted unchanged. C1 [Quiros-Alcala, Lesliam; Bradman, Asa; Castorina, Rosemary; McKone, Thomas E.; Eskenazi, Brenda] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Quiros-Alcala, Lesliam] US EPA, EPA STAR, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Smith, Kimberly; Weerasekera, Gayanga; Odetokun, Martins] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Nishioka, Marcia] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Hubbard, Alan E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nicas, Mark; Hammond, S. Katharine] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McKone, Thomas E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Bradman, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, 1995 Univ Ave,Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM abradman@berkeley.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013; Quiros-Alcala, Lesliam /Q-4928-2016 OI Quiros-Alcala, Lesliam /0000-0002-6600-7227 FU EPA [RD 83171001]; NIEHS [PO1 ES009605]; EPA STAR Doctoral Fellowship [F5D30812]; University of California Institute for Mexico; United States (UC MEXUS); Center for Latino Policy Research at the University of California at Berkeley FX This work was supported by EPA (RD 83171001) and NIEHS (PO1 ES009605). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the EPA, NIEHS, or other funders. Additional support was provided by an EPA STAR Doctoral Fellowship (F5D30812), the University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States (UC MEXUS), and the Center for Latino Policy Research at the University of California at Berkeley. We thank the CHAMACOS staff, community partners including Drs. John Pescetti and Claire Horton at Clinica de la Raze for their support in recruitment efforts, our study participants, Dr. Do-Gyun Kim and Carolina Fernandez from the Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory at the CDC for their assistance with urine sample analysis, and Dr. Rosana Weldon for editorial comments. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 37 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 22 IS 6 BP 559 EP 568 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.46 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 022US UT WOS:000309989900003 PM 22781438 ER PT J AU Hoppin, JA Long, S Umbach, DM Lubin, JH Starks, SE Gerr, F Thomas, K Hines, CJ Weichenthal, S Kamel, F Koutros, S Alavanja, M Freeman, LEB Sandler, DP AF Hoppin, Jane A. Long, Stuart Umbach, David M. Lubin, Jay H. Starks, Sarah E. Gerr, Fred Thomas, Kent Hines, Cynthia J. Weichenthal, Scott Kamel, Freya Koutros, Stella Alavanja, Michael Freeman, Laura E. Beane Sandler, Dale P. TI Lifetime organophosphorous insecticide use among private pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pesticide use; farming; organophosphorous insecticide AB Organophosphorous insecticides (OPs) are the most commonly used insecticides in US agriculture, but little information is available regarding specific OP use by individual farmers. We describe OP use for licensed private pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) using lifetime pesticide use data from 701 randomly selected male participants collected at three time periods. Of 27 OPs studied, 20 were used by >1%. Overall, 95% had ever applied at least one OP. The median number of different OPs used was 4 (maximum = 13). Malathion was the most commonly used OP (74%) followed by chlorpyrifos (54%). OP use declined over time. At the first interview (1993-1997), 68% of participants had applied OPs in the past year; by the last interview (2005-2007), only 42% had. Similarly, median annual application days of OPs declined from 13.5 to 6 days. Although OP use was common, the specific OPs used varied by state, time period, and individual. Much of the variability in OP use was associated with the choice of OP, rather than the frequency or duration of application. Information on farmers' OP use enhances our ability to characterize and understand the potential health effects of multiple OP exposures. C1 [Hoppin, Jane A.; Kamel, Freya; Sandler, Dale P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Long, Stuart] WESTAT Corp, Durham, NC USA. [Umbach, David M.] NIEHS, Biost Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Lubin, Jay H.] NCI, Biostat Branch, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Starks, Sarah E.; Gerr, Fred] Univ IA, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Thomas, Kent] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmosphere Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Weichenthal, Scott] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Koutros, Stella; Alavanja, Michael; Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, OEEB, DCEG, Rockville, MD USA. RP Hoppin, JA (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, MD A3-05,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030]; National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX We thank Dr. Joe Coble for his efforts to create the AHS pesticide use data base. This work was supported by the intramural research program of the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030), National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119), and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here; it has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 22 IS 6 BP 584 EP 592 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.79 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 022US UT WOS:000309989900006 PM 22854518 ER PT J AU Christensen, KLY Lorber, M Koch, HM Kolossa-Gehring, M Morgan, MK AF Christensen, Krista L. Yorita Lorber, Matthew Koch, Holger M. Kolossa-Gehring, Marike Morgan, Marsha K. TI Population variability of phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A concentrations in spot urine samples versus 24-or 48-h collections SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phthalate; bisphenol A; metabolite; urine; variability ID GENERAL-POPULATION; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Human exposure to phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) can be assessed through urinary biomonitoring, but methods to infer daily intakes assume that spot sample concentrations are comparable to daily average concentrations. We evaluate this assumption using human biomonitoring data from Germany and the United States (US). The German data comprised three regional studies with spot samples and one with full-day samples analyzed for phthalate metabolites. The US data included: a study on DEHP metabolites and BPA involving eight persons supplying all urine voids (from which 24-h samples were constructed) for seven consecutive days; NHANES spot sample data on DEHP metabolites and BPA; and a regional study of children with 48-h samples analyzed for BPA. In the German data, measures of central tendency differed, but spot and 24-h samples showed generally comparable variance including 95th percentiles and maxima equidistant from central tendency measures. In contrast, the US adult data from the eight-person study showed similar central tendencies for phthalate metabolites and BPA, but generally greater variability for the spot samples, including higher 95th percentiles and maxima. When comparing children's BPA concentrations in NHANES spot and 48-h samples, distributions showed similar central tendency and variability. Overall, spot urinary concentrations of DEHP metabolites and BPA have variability roughly comparable with corresponding 24-h average concentrations obtained from a comparable population, suggesting that spot samples can be used to characterize population distributions of intakes. However, the analysis also suggests that caution should be exercised when interpreting the high end of spot sample data sets. C1 [Christensen, Krista L. Yorita; Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Koch, Holger M.] Inst Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, German Social Accid Insurance, Bochum, Germany. [Kolossa-Gehring, Marike] Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, Berlin, Germany. [Morgan, Marsha K.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Christensen, KLY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Mailstop 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Christensen.Krista@epa.gov RI Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011 OI Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837 NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 51 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2012 VL 22 IS 6 BP 632 EP 640 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.52 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 022US UT WOS:000309989900012 PM 22669498 ER PT J AU Bellinger, BJ Hagerthey, SE Newman, S Cook, MI AF Bellinger, Brent J. Hagerthey, Scot E. Newman, Susan Cook, Mark I. TI Detrital Floc and Surface Soil Microbial Biomarker Responses to Active Management of the Nutrient Impacted Florida Everglades SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID PROFILES; WATER-LEVEL DRAWDOWN; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON; WETLAND; SEDIMENTS; PEATLAND AB Alterations in microbial community composition, biomass, and function in the Florida Everglades impacted by cultural eutrophication reflect a new physicochemical environment associated with monotypic stands of Typha domingensis. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers were used to quantify microbial responses in detritus and surface soils in an active management experiment in the eutrophic Everglades. Creation of open plots through removal of Typha altered the physical and chemical characteristics of the region. Mass of PLFA biomarkers increased in open plots, but magnitude of changes differed among microbial groups. Biomarkers indicative of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were significantly greater in open plots, reflective of the improved oxic environment. Reduction in the proportion of cyclopropyl lipids and the ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria in open plots further suggested an altered oxygen environment and conditions for the rapid growth of Gram-negative bacteria. Changes in the PLFA composition were greater in floc relative to soils, reflective of rapid inputs of new organic matter and direct interaction with the new physicochemical environment. Created open plot microbial mass and composition were significantly different from the oligotrophic Everglades due to differences in phosphorus availability, plant community structure, and a shift to organic peat from marl-peat soils. PLFA analysis also captured the dynamic inter-annual hydrologic variability, notably in PLFA concentrations, but to a lesser degree content. Recently, use of concentration has been advocated over content in studies of soil biogeochemistry, and our results highlight the differential response of these two quantitative measures to similar pressures. C1 [Bellinger, Brent J.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hagerthey, Scot E.; Newman, Susan; Cook, Mark I.] S Florida Water Management Dist, Everglades Syst Assessment Sect, W Palm Beach, FL 33406 USA. RP Bellinger, BJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM bjbellin@mtu.edu OI Hagerthey, Scot/0000-0002-1361-359X FU South Florida Water Management District FX This work was funded by the South Florida Water Management District. The authors would like to thank Robert Shuford, Kristin Seitz, Michael Manna, Megan Jacoby, Patty Holowecky, and contractors that assisted with sample collection, and James Beerens for producing the site map. The authors would also like to thank the two anonymous reviewers whose comments helped improve the quality of this manuscript. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 64 IS 4 BP 893 EP 908 DI 10.1007/s00248-012-0090-2 PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA 024SC UT WOS:000310127900005 PM 22832920 ER PT J AU Cline, SP Mcallister, LS AF Cline, S. P. Mcallister, L. S. TI PLANT SUCCESSION AFTER HYDROLOGIC DISTURBANCE: INFERENCES FROM CONTEMPORARY VEGETATION ON A CHRONOSEQUENCE OF BARS, WILLAMETTE RIVER, OREGON, USA SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE black cottonwood; riparian plant communities; introduced species; alluvial river; streamflow; precipitation; climate; river regulation ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; UNREGULATED STREAMS; FLOODPLAIN FORESTS; ANIMAS RIVER; DYNAMICS; ESTABLISHMENT; REGENERATION; RESTORATION; VARIABILITY AB Historic unconstrained, unregulated streamflow along the upper Willamette River, Oregon produced a floodplain of coalescent bars supporting a mosaic of vegetation patches. We sampled 42 bars and adjacent floodplain that formed recently to >64?years ago in four >1-km-long reaches to assess differences in vegetation and bar characteristics. Bar disturbance and environmental factors (streamflow, precipitation and regional climate indices) were estimated within six aerial photo intervals between 1936 and 2006. Black cottonwood (Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa) and Salix species rapidly colonized new and disturbed bars, and independent estimates of bar and vegetation age were positively correlated across photo intervals (R2?=?0.95). Overstory communities varied with age: PopulusSalix spp. on gravel bars (trees aged 916?years [interquartile range]), Populus on islands (2445?years), Populus/AcerFraxinus on islands coalesced to floodplain (49-72?years) and AcerPopulus on adjacent floodplain forested since 1936 (64-102?years). Meanwhile, bar height, silt/clay fraction, overstory basal area and community wetland prevalence index (WPI) increased. We identified a common but distinct Pacific willow (Salix lucida ssp. lasiandra) community (30-43?years) associated with back channels and island tails. Six understory communities varied by age and by WPI within age strata; in these communities 55-75% of total cover was introduced species, predominantly Phalaris arundinacea and Rubus armeniacus. Vegetation resets occurred in all photo intervals and affected 31% of sampled bars. Mean bar disturbance rate, Q1.5 frequency, precipitation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index followed cyclic trends across photo intervals whereas Qmax decreased linearly and relatively fewer, younger bars were disturbed. Results suggest that Populus patch initiation is ongoing but channel stability may be hindering the long-term self-sustainability of plant communities associated with the upper Willamette's historic shifting habitat mosaic. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Cline, S. P.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Mcallister, L. S.] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Cline, SP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Cline.Steve@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystem Management Research in the Pacific Northwest programme [68-C6-0005] FX The authors thank Dixon Landers and Joan Baker for project support. Larry Standley, Darin Trobaugh, Susie Rishell, David Callery and Blake Price assisted with the fieldwork. Dick Brainerd checked plant identifications. Ward Carson planned the analysis of surface water elevation and slope. Jo Miller filled many data requests to U.S. Geological Survey, Portland, OR. Peter Beedlow and Mary Kentula provided helpful review comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge two anonymous reviewers who provided thorough and constructive comments that improved the manuscript. The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystem Management Research in the Pacific Northwest programme, including work supported under Contract 68-C6-0005 to Dynamac Corporation. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 84 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 28 IS 9 BP 1519 EP 1539 DI 10.1002/rra.1539 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 025CO UT WOS:000310162200016 ER PT J AU Majumder, A Banerjee, S Harrill, JA Machacek, DW Mohamad, O Bacanamwo, M Mundy, WR Wei, L Dhara, SK Stice, SL AF Majumder, Anirban Banerjee, Saswati Harrill, Joshua A. Machacek, David W. Mohamad, Osama Bacanamwo, Methode Mundy, William R. Wei, Ling Dhara, Sujoy K. Stice, Steven L. TI Neurotrophic Effects of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor on Neural Cells Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells SO STEM CELLS LA English DT Article DE Human embryonic stem cells; Differentiation; Cytokines; Leukemia inhibitory factor; Neural differentiation; Stem cell transplantation; Progenitor cells ID DIFFERENTIATION IN-VITRO; RNA-BINDING PROTEINS; PROGENITOR CELLS; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; GROWTH-FACTOR; NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION; DNA FRAGMENTATION; HUMAN BLASTOCYSTS; CARCINOMA-CELLS; SENSORY NEURONS AB Various growth factor cocktails have been used to proliferate and then differentiate human neural progenitor (NP) cells derived from embryonic stem cells (ESC) for in vitro and in vivo studies. However, the cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been largely overlooked. Here, we demonstrate that LIF significantly enhanced in vitro survival and promoted differentiation of human ESC-derived NP cells. In NP cells, as well as NP-derived neurons, LIF reduced caspase-mediated apoptosis and reduced both spontaneous and H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species in culture. In vitro, NP cell proliferation and the yield of differentiated neurons were significantly higher in the presence of LIF. In NP cells, LIF enhanced cMyc phosphorylation, commonly associated with self-renewal/proliferation. Also, in differentiating NP cells LIF activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathways, associated with cell survival and reduced apoptosis. When differentiated in LIF+ media, neurite outgrowth and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were potentiated together with increased expression of gp130, a component of the LIF receptor complex. NP cells, pretreated in vitro with LIF, were effective in reducing infarct volume in a model of focal ischemic stroke but LIF did not lead to significantly improved initial NP cell survival over nontreated NP cells. Our results show that LIF signaling significantly promotes human NP cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation in vitro. Activated LIF signaling should be considered in cell culture expansion systems for future human NP cell-based therapeutic transplant studies. STEM CELLS2012;30:23872399 C1 [Dhara, Sujoy K.] Indian Vet Res Inst, Div Vet Biotechnol, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Majumder, Anirban; Machacek, David W.; Dhara, Sujoy K.; Stice, Steven L.] Univ Georgia, Regenerat Biosci Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Banerjee, Saswati; Bacanamwo, Methode] Morehouse Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Harrill, Joshua A.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Inst Chem Safety Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mohamad, Osama; Wei, Ling] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mohamad, Osama; Wei, Ling] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mundy, William R.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Dhara, SK (reprint author), Indian Vet Res Inst, Div Vet Biotechnol, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM sujoydhara.uga@gmail.com; sstice@uga.edu FU National Science Foundation under the Science and Technology Center Emergent Behaviors of Integrated Cellular Systems (EBICS) Grant [CBET-0939511, NS058710, NS062097, 10PRE4430032] FX This research is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under the Science and Technology Center Emergent Behaviors of Integrated Cellular Systems (EBICS) Grant No. CBET-0939511 to S. L. S., Grant Nos. NS058710 and NS062097 to L. W., and AHA pre-doctoral fellowship 10PRE4430032 to O.M. Authors thank Dr. N Murthy and Dr. K Kundu of Georgia Institute of Technology for providing the ROS detection reagent HydroCy3; Julie Nelson of the Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases Flow Cytometry Facility for her technical expertise; Erin Jordan, Kowser Hasneen, and Anuj Shukla for technical support. This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 87 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5099 J9 STEM CELLS JI Stem Cells PD NOV PY 2012 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2387 EP 2399 DI 10.1002/stem.1201 PG 13 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Hematology SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Hematology GA 023ZP UT WOS:000310077000005 PM 22899336 ER PT J AU Sivaganensan, M Varma, M Haugland, RA AF Sivaganensan, Mano Varma, Manju Haugland, Richard A. TI Comparison of Enterococcus quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis results from fresh and marine waters on two real-time instruments SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE qPCR; Instrument; Comparison; Water; Enterococcus ID RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; PLASMID DNA; PCR; QUALITY; PLATFORMS; ILLNESS; CHEMISTRIES; LIGHTCYCLER; BEACHES; ASSAY AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency will be recommending a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method targeting Enterococcus spp. as an option for monitoring recreational beach water quality. A practical consideration for implementation of this and other qPCR methods is whether the results are comparable on different PCR instruments. In this study, quantitative estimates of Enterococcus densities from marine and freshwater samples were determined by the qPCR method from cycle threshold (Ct) measurements obtained on Applied Biosystems StepOnePlus and Cepheid SmartCycler instruments. Three variations of a comparative Ct model, differing in their sources of calibration data, were used in the estimations. Both traditional and Bayesian statistical modeling approaches were examined in the instrument comparisons. The traditional analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach indicated no significant differences (p > 0.05) between mean density estimates from the instruments in two of the three model variations. The Bayesian approach indicated that the 95% Bayesian credible intervals of density estimates from the instruments overlapped in all models; however, the uncertainty of the estimates varied depending on the model. These results support the interchangeable use of the two instruments in the method and also illustrate the importance of defining the source of calibration data used in the comparative Ct model. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Varma, Manju; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Sivaganensan, Mano] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Haugland, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM haugland.rich@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development, funded and collaborated in the research described here. This research has been subjected to the agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. We thank Jack Paar III and Mark Doolittle for providing water samples and thank Robin Oshiro, Larry Wymer, and Kevin Oshima for their comments on the manuscript. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD NOV 1 PY 2012 VL 430 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2012.07.020 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 018FY UT WOS:000309646800012 PM 22863982 ER PT J AU Stronen, AV Schumaker, NH Forbes, GJ Paquet, PC Brook, RK AF Stronen, Astrid V. Schumaker, Nathan H. Forbes, Graham J. Paquet, Paul C. Brook, Ryan K. TI Landscape resistance to dispersal: simulating long-term effects of human disturbance on a small and isolated wolf population in southwestern Manitoba, Canada SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Attitudes; Canis lupus; Fragmentation; Population viability; Roads; Stochastic disturbance ID MOUNTAIN-NATIONAL-PARK; CANINE PARVOVIRUS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NATURE-RESERVES; WOLVES; HABITAT; DISEASE; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; STRATEGIES AB Landscape fragmentation affects wildlife population viability, in part, through the effects it has on individual dispersal. In addition, some forms of human disturbance impinge on dispersal without physically fragmenting habitats. Here, we use the term "landscape resistance" to capture constraints to dispersal that cannot be linked directly to fragmentation. The extent to which landscape resistance can influence population persistence is not well understood. Agricultural development over the past 60 years has resulted in considerable habitat fragmentation in the Riding Mountain National Park (RMNP) region in southwestern Manitoba, Canada. We examined how park boundaries, roads outside park boundaries and negative human attitudes have altered dispersal success and population persistence. We examined whether stochastic disturbance, representing infectious disease epidemics, further reduced long-term population persistence for various scenarios. Finally, we assessed whether the simultaneous occurrence of the three features had additive effects. We simulated dispersal using HexSim, a spatially explicit individual-based population model, parameterised with data on wolves (Canis lupus) in the RMNP region. Simulations that separately accounted for negative human attitudes and roads outside the park boundaries exhibited lower mean population size than those that ignored these details. Increasing deflection from park boundaries did not appear to have significant impacts. Our results did not indicate the presence of additive effects, and scenarios incorporating all three features had similar results as that of roads. Stochastic disturbance further reduced mean population size. Our results do illustrate how less-visible human disturbances (i.e. those that do not clearly alter landscape characteristics) can significantly limit dispersal and population persistence. C1 [Stronen, Astrid V.] Polish Acad Sci, Mammal Res Inst, PL-17230 Bialowieza, Poland. [Stronen, Astrid V.] Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Schumaker, Nathan H.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Forbes, Graham J.] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Biol, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. [Paquet, Paul C.] Raincoast Conservat Fdn, Denny Isl, BC V0T 1B0, Canada. [Brook, Ryan K.] Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Agr & Bioresources, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. RP Stronen, AV (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Mammal Res Inst, Ul Waszkiewicza 1, PL-17230 Bialowieza, Poland. EM avstronen@zbs.bialowieza.pl; nathan@mail.cor.epa.gov; forbes@unb.ca; ppaquet@baudoux.ca; ryan.brook@usask.ca OI Stronen, Astrid Vik/0000-0002-5169-6736 FU Parks Canada; Sustainable Development Innovations Fund at Manitoba Conservation; World Wildlife Fund Canada; Manitoba Agriculture and Rural Initiatives; Louisiana Pacific Canada; US Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank M. Desrochers and S. Frey for their assistance with GIS analyses, and D. Keppie and S. Woodley for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Parks Canada, the Sustainable Development Innovations Fund at Manitoba Conservation, World Wildlife Fund Canada, Manitoba Agriculture and Rural Initiatives and Louisiana Pacific Canada provided funding for the study. Parks Canada assisted in kind with collection of data. The information in this document has been funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 99 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 184 IS 11 BP 6923 EP 6934 DI 10.1007/s10661-011-2469-9 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015WC UT WOS:000309476100036 PM 22146824 ER PT J AU Matthews, JC Selvakumar, A Sterling, R Condit, W AF Matthews, John C. Selvakumar, Ariamalar Sterling, Raymond Condit, Wendy TI Analysis of Wastewater and Water System Renewal Decision-Making Tools and Approaches SO JOURNAL OF PIPELINE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Wastewater pipe rehabilitation; Water main rehabilitation; Trenchless technology; Decision support systems; Infrastructure rehabilitation planning. AB In regards to the development of software for decision support for pipeline renewal, most of the attention to date has been paid to the development of asset management models, which help an owner decide on which portions of a system to prioritize for needed actions. There has not been much work in terms of providing guidance on whether to rehabilitate or replace the pipeline asset and choosing the most appropriate methods for that work. These decisions involve the evaluation of many criteria, which must be considered thoroughly to determine the optimal way of rehabilitating or replacing these systems efficiently and cost effectively. As part of the U. S. EPA Aging Water Infrastructure (AWI) Research Program, one key area of research, conducted in collaboration with wastewater and water utilities, was a study of the current approaches available for making rehabilitation versus replacement decisions. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the current methodologies and decision support systems (DSS) being used for determining how to rehabilitate or replace underground utilities; (2) identify the critical gaps of these current models through comparison with case history data collected from utilities; and (3) assess the feasibility of substantially improving upon existing approaches. This paper provides a detailed review of DSS and methodologies that have been proposed for use around the world over the past 15 years for renewal decision support and summarizes the findings from visits with eight large utilities in the United States to discuss how each makes their rehabilitation versus replacement decision. Recommendations for the next steps needed to improve upon the existing models to make them more directly useful in terms of decision support are also discussed. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)PS.1949-1204.0000114. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Matthews, John C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Baton Rouge, LA 70817 USA. [Selvakumar, Ariamalar] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Sterling, Raymond] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Condit, Wendy] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Matthews, JC (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 18404 Jefferson Highway, Baton Rouge, LA 70817 USA. EM matthewsj@battelle.org; selvakumar.ariamalar@epa.gov; sterling@latech.edu; conditw@battelle.org OI Sterling, Raymond/0000-0003-0587-9459 FU U.S. EPA FX This research was funded by the U.S. EPA. Special appreciation is given to the utility representatives Michael Hines, Dallas; James Gross, Columbus, Ohio; John Morgan, Indianapolis; Charles Scott, Las Vegas; Keith Hanks, Los Angeles; Raymond Hutchinson, Atlanta; Dino Ng, New York; and Rod Lovett, Miami-Dade, Florida. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1949-1190 EI 1949-1204 J9 J PIPELINE SYST ENG JI J. Pipel. Syst. Eng. Pract. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 3 IS 4 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)PS.1949-1204.0000114 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA V31TF UT WOS:000208905200001 ER PT J AU Black, RR Meyer, CP Yates, A Van Zwieten, L Chittim, BG Mueller, JF AF Black, Robert R. Meyer, Carl P. (Mick) Yates, Alan Van Zwieten, Lukas Chittim, Brock G. Mueller, Jochen F. TI Release of PCDD/PCDF to air and land during open burning of sugarcane and forest litter over soil fortified with mass labelled PCDD/PCDF SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins; Polychlorinated dibenzofurans; Persistent organic pollutants; Bushfires; Forest fires; Emission factors ID DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS; INTENSITY; EMISSIONS; FURANS; FIRE AB The contribution of PCDD/PCDF emissions from soil during open burning of biomass was examined. Mass labelled PCDD/PCDF was added to soil containing native PCDD/PCDF and biomass was laid out on this soil and burnt, simulating sugarcane trash and forest fires. Smoke samples were collected using a high volume portable field sampler. After each fire the concentration of all mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners in the surface soil decreased, however, the concentration of some native 2,3,7,8 substituted congeners increased, indicating that formation was occurring. Mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners were detected in all ash samples, mean 2.8 pg g(-1) (range 0.5-8 pg g(-1)), demonstrating release from the soil. Additionally, mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners were detected in all air samples mean 1.2 mu g (t fuel)(-1) (range 0.2-2.0 mu g (t fuel)(-1)), again demonstrating release from the soil. Native 2,3,7,8 substituted congeners detected in the air samples were dominated (in terms of contribution to total congener mass) by Cl8DD (90% for forest litter and 77% for sugarcane). The major contributor to TEQ of emissions from both forest litter and sugarcane was 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-Cl5DD (40-64% and 57-75%, respectively). These results demonstrate that release of PCDD/PCDF from soil to air and land occurs during open burning of biomass when soil temperatures are sufficiently elevated. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Black, Robert R.; Mueller, Jochen F.] Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia. [Meyer, Carl P. (Mick)] CSIRO Atmospher Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia. [Yates, Alan] Natl Measurement Inst, Pymble, NSW 2073, Australia. [Van Zwieten, Lukas] Wollongbar Primary Ind Inst, Wollongong, NSW 2477, Australia. [Chittim, Brock G.] Wellington Labs Inc, Guelph, ON N1G 3M5, Canada. RP Black, RR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev E343 04, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM black.robert@epa.gov RI Mueller, Jochen/C-6241-2008; Meyer, Carl/H-2311-2011; Yates, Alan/F-3763-2015; OI Meyer, Carl/0000-0002-8062-3712; Van Zwieten, Lukas/0000-0002-8832-360X; Mueller, Jochen/0000-0002-0000-1973 FU Australian Research Council [DP0557638]; Queensland Health; University of Queensland FX The authors thank Gaye Black for support with preparation, and field work, and Kate Boast, CSIRO for preparation of quartz filters. We thank the staff at the Dioxin Analysis Unit, National Measurement Institute, Pymble for invaluable advice, assistance and generous use of their laboratory space and equipment. The project was funded through Australian Research Council project DP0557638, with contributions by CSIRO, Industry and Investment NSW, and the National Measurement Institute Sydney. The National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology is co funded by Queensland Health and the University of Queensland. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 59 BP 125 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.022 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 010FW UT WOS:000309081100015 ER PT J AU Piersma, AH Tonk, ECM Makris, SL Crofton, KM Dietert, RR van Loveren, H AF Piersma, Aldert H. Tonk, Elisa C. M. Makris, Susan L. Crofton, Kevin M. Dietert, Rodney R. van Loveren, Henk TI Juvenile toxicity testing protocols for chemicals SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Juvenile toxicity; Developmental neurotoxicity; Developmental immunotoxicity; OECD TG 443; Extended one-generation reproduction; toxicity study; EOGRTS ID OCTYLTIN DICHLORIDE DOTC; DEVELOPMENTAL IMMUNOTOXICITY; IMMUNE PARAMETERS; ADULT DISEASE; EXPOSURE; CONSEQUENCES; PATTERNS; ORIGINS; RATS; DIT AB There is increased awareness of the specific position of children when it comes to hazards of xenobiotic exposures. Children are not small adults, since their exposure patterns, compound kinetics and metabolism, and sensitivity of their developing organs may differ extensively from adults. Current international hazard assessment test guidelines do not specifically address juvenile exposures and effects. In conjunction with the Annual Meeting of the European Teratology Society, a satellite meeting was organized to specifically address juvenile toxicity testing issues for chemicals. The workshop focused on developmental neurotoxicity and developmental immune toxicity testing in juvenile animals. A clear case was made for the importance of juvenile toxicity testing, showing that in animal studies developmental neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity parameters express specifically high sensitivities after exposure during the juvenile period. Additional data will be generated in the coming years, and OECD initiatives will need to further the issue at the global regulatory level. C1 [Piersma, Aldert H.; Tonk, Elisa C. M.; van Loveren, Henk] RIVM, Lab Hlth Protect Res, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Piersma, Aldert H.] Univ Utrecht, IRAS, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Tonk, Elisa C. M.; van Loveren, Henk] Maastricht Univ, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Environm Hlth Res Labs, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dietert, Rodney R.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Piersma, AH (reprint author), RIVM, Lab Hlth Protect Res, Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM ah.piersma@rivm.nl RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 34 IS 3 BP 482 EP 486 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.04.010 PG 5 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 003NU UT WOS:000308619400026 PM 22564981 ER PT J AU Makris, SL Solomon, HM Clark, R Shiota, K Barbellion, S Buschmann, J Ema, M Fujiwara, M Grote, K Hazelden, KP Hew, KW Horimoto, M Ooshima, Y Parkinson, M Wise, LD AF Makris, Susan L. Solomon, Howard M. Clark, Ruth Shiota, Kohei Barbellion, Stephane Buschmann, Jochen Ema, Makoto Fujiwara, Michio Grote, Konstanze Hazelden, Keith P. Hew, Kok Wah Horimoto, Masao Ooshima, Yojiro Parkinson, Meg Wise, L. David TI Terminology of developmental abnormalities in common laboratory mammals (version 2) (vol 28, pg 371, 2009) SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mail Code 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM makris.susan@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 34 IS 3 BP 487 EP 487 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.06.005 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 003NU UT WOS:000308619400027 ER PT J AU Ingwersen, WW AF Ingwersen, Wesley W. TI Life cycle assessment of fresh pineapple from Costa Rica SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE LCA; Tropical fruits; Soil erosion; Emergy; USETox; TRACI; Water footprint; Carbon footprint; OpenLCA ID ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; FOOD-PRODUCTS; LCA; REFRIGERATION; CONSUMPTION; EMISSIONS; SYSTEMS; EMERGY; MODEL; FATE AB Costa Rica is the largest exporter of fresh pineapple to US and European markets and production area has tripled since 2002 with associated economic benefits and environmental concerns. A detailed life cycle assessment of fresh pineapple from the farm to retail shelf in the US was performed to characterize the range of environmental performance and identify important sources of environmental impact and opportunities for improvement. Participating producers representing three major production regions and a range of field conditions and management practices provided data to support the assessment. Impacts estimated included energy demand, carbon footprint, stress-weighted water footprint, soil erosion, emergy, human and ecosystem toxicity, and others from TRACI with models customized for Costa Rican conditions. Using the functional unit of 1 serving of fruit for comparative purposes, pineapple likely has a higher energy demand and carbon footprint than common tree fruits such as apples and oranges because it is more input intensive but causes less water stress because of ideal climatic conditions in Costa Rica. The farming stage was the most important source of impacts and thus provides the most opportunities for improvements; packaging was significant due to the packing material, and refrigeration is the primarily contributor to impact during distribution, although it is a small contribution to overall impact. Selecting flat terrain, maximizing the yield:input ratio, packing in reusable cartons without crowns, and using energy-efficient refrigeration can provide significant reduction of measureable impacts, but these need to be considered alongside other impacts such as worker health and site-specific ecological and human risks that are not typically part of LCA. This approach and selected impact indicators provide a model for characterizing environmental performance of other fruits, especially in the humid tropics. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ingwersen, WW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, MS-483,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Ingwersen.wesley@epa.gov OI Ingwersen, Wesley/0000-0002-9614-701X NR 89 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 93 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 35 BP 152 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.05.035 PG 12 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 987KL UT WOS:000307415700015 ER PT J AU Lee, JG Selvakumar, A Alvi, K Riverson, J Zhen, JX Shoemaker, L Lai, FH AF Lee, Joong Gwang Selvakumar, Ariamalar Alvi, Khalid Riverson, John Zhen, Jenny X. Shoemaker, Leslie Lai, Fu-hsiung TI A watershed-scale design optimization model for stormwater best management practices SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Stormwater management; Decision-support system; Best management practices (BMPs); BMP modeling; Low impact development (LID); Green infrastructure (GI); Design optimization model; Cost-effectiveness ID OPTIMAL LOCATION; URBAN AB U.S. Environmental Protection Agency developed a decision-support system, System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis Integration (SUSTAIN), to evaluate alternative plans for stormwater quality management and flow abatement techniques in urban and developing areas. SUSTAIN provides a public domain tool capable of evaluating the optimal location, type, and cost of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) needed to meet water quality and quantity goals. It is a tool designed to provide critically needed support to watershed practitioners in evaluating stormwater management options based on effectiveness and cost to meet their existing program needs. SUSTAIN is intended for users who have a fundamental understanding of watershed and BMP modeling processes. How SUSTAIN is setup described here using a case study, conducted by actual data from an existing urban watershed. The developed SUSTAIN model was calibrated by observed rainfall and flow data, representing the existing conditions. The SUSTAIN model developed two BMP cost-effectiveness curves for flow volume and pollutant load reductions. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted by varying important BMP implementation specifications. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Joong Gwang; Selvakumar, Ariamalar; Lai, Fu-hsiung] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Alvi, Khalid; Riverson, John; Zhen, Jenny X.; Shoemaker, Leslie] Tetra Tech Inc, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Lee, JG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS-104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM lee.joong@epa.gov; selvakumar.ariamalar@epa.gov; khalid.alvi@tetratech.com; john.riverson@tetratech.com; jenny.zhen@tetratech.com; leslie.shoemaker@tetratech.com; dennisflai@hotmail.com NR 37 TC 58 Z9 65 U1 12 U2 160 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 37 BP 6 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.04.011 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 969FQ UT WOS:000306041500002 ER PT J AU Glen, G Isaacs, K AF Glen, Graham Isaacs, Kristin TI Estimating Sobol sensitivity indices using correlations SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Sensitivity analysis; Sobol's method; Monte Carlo modeling ID MODEL OUTPUT; SYSTEMS; DESIGNS AB Sensitivity analysis is a crucial tool in the development and evaluation of complex mathematical models. Sobol's method is a variance-based global sensitivity analysis technique that has been applied to computational models to assess the relative importance of input parameters on the output. This paper introduces new notation that describes the Sobol indices in terms of the Pearson correlation of outputs from pairs of runs, and introduces correction terms to remove some of the spurious correlation. A variety of estimation techniques are compared for accuracy and precision using the G function as a test case. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Isaacs, Kristin] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Glen, Graham] Alion Sci & Technol Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Isaacs, K (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop E205-02,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM gglen@alionscience.com; Isaacs.kristin@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-05-065] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here under contract number EP-D-05-065 to Alion Science and Technology, Inc. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 33 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD NOV PY 2012 VL 37 BP 157 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.03.014 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 969FQ UT WOS:000306041500015 ER PT J AU Hinners, T Tsuchiya, A Stern, AH Burbacher, TM Faustman, EM Marien, K AF Hinners, Thomas Tsuchiya, Ami Stern, Alan H. Burbacher, Thomas M. Faustman, Elaine M. Marien, Koenraad TI Chronologically matched toenail-Hg to hair-Hg ratio: temporal analysis within the Japanese community (US) SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Methylmercury; Cardiovascular; Hair; Toenail; Chronological; Biomarker ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; MERCURY EXPOSURE; FISH CONSUMPTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK; BIOMARKER; HEALTH; BLOOD; TOXICOLOGY AB Background: Toenail-Hg levels are being used as a marker of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure in efforts to associate exposure with effects such as cardiovascular disease. There is a need to correlate this marker with more established biomarkers that presently underlie existing dose-response relationships in order to compare these relationships across studies. Methods: As part of the Arsenic Mercury Intake Biometric Study, toenail clippings were collected at three time points over a period of one year amongst females from within the population of Japanese living near Puget Sound in Washington State (US). Variability in temporal intra-individual toenail-Hg levels was examined and chronologically matched hair and toenail samples were compared to more accurately define the toxicokinetic variability of Hg levels observed between the two compartments. Results: Mean toenail-Hg values (n=43) for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd visits were 0.60, 0.60 and 0.56 ng/mg. Correlations were as follows: r=0.92 between 1st and 2nd clinic visits, r=0.75 between 1st and 3rd visits and r=0.87 between 2nd and 3rd visits. With few exceptions, toenail-Hg values from any visit were within 50-150% of the individual's mean toenail-Hg level. Nearly all participants had less than a two-fold change in toenail-Hg levels across the study period. A regression model of the relationship between toenail-Hg and hair-Hg (n = 41) levels representing the same time period of exposure, gave a slope (Hg ng/mg) of 2.79 for hair relative to toenail (r=0.954). Conclusions: A chronologically matched hair-Hg to toenail-Hg ratio has been identified within a population that consumes fish regularly and in quantity. Intra-individual variation in toenail-Hg levels was less than two-fold and may represent dietary-based fluctuations in body burden for individuals consuming various fish species with different contaminant levels. The chronologically matched ratio will be useful for relating MeHg exposure and dose-response derived from toenail-Hg measurements to those derived from hair-Hg measurements in other studies, and may be useful in future investigations as an indicator of stable MeHg body burden within a population. C1 [Marien, Koenraad] Dept Hlth, Olympia, WA USA. [Hinners, Thomas] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Tsuchiya, Ami; Burbacher, Thomas M.; Faustman, Elaine M.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stern, Alan H.] New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, Trenton, NJ USA. [Faustman, Elaine M.] Univ Washington, Inst Risk Anal & Risk Commun, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Marien, K (reprint author), Dept Hlth, Olympia, WA USA. EM koenraad@doh.wa.gov OI Faustman, Elaine/0000-0002-3085-6403 FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; U.S. EPA Region 10; Pacific Northwest Center for Human Health and Ocean Sciences [P50 ESO12762]; National Science Foundation [OCE-0434087, OCE-0910624]; Washington State Department of Health FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development supported this work. This work was also supported by U.S. EPA Region 10 [Clean Water Act, 104 (b)(3): 66-463]; Pacific Northwest Center for Human Health and Ocean Sciences (NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health: P50 ESO12762 and National Science Foundation: OCE-0434087 and OCE-0910624); and the Washington State Department of Health. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD OCT 31 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 81 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-11-81 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 046XW UT WOS:000311799500001 PM 23113987 ER PT J AU Hoque, YM Tripathi, S Hantush, MM Govindaraju, RS AF Hoque, Yamen M. Tripathi, Shivam Hantush, Mohamed M. Govindaraju, Rao S. TI Watershed reliability, resilience and vulnerability analysis under uncertainty using water quality data SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Risk assessment; Watershed health; Reliability; Resilience; Vulnerability; Uncertainty; Water quality ID SWAT MODEL; RISK; THRESHOLDS; IMPAIRMENT; CRITERIA; SYSTEMS; RIVER AB A method for assessment of watershed health is developed by employing measures of reliability, resilience and vulnerability (R R V) using stream water quality data. Observed water quality data are usually sparse, so that a water quality time-series is often reconstructed using surrogate variables (streamflow). A Bayesian algorithm based on relevance vector machine (RVM) was employed to quantify the error in the reconstructed series, and a probabilistic assessment of watershed status was conducted based on established thresholds for various constituents. As an application example, observed water quality data for several constituents at different monitoring points within the Cedar Creek watershed in north-east Indiana (USA) were utilized. Considering uncertainty in the data for the period 2002-2007, the R R V analysis revealed that the Cedar Creek watershed tends to be in compliance with respect to selected pesticides, ammonia and total phosphorus. However, the watershed was found to be prone to violations of sediment standards. Ignoring uncertainty in the water quality time-series led to misleading results especially in the case of sediments. Results indicate that the methods presented in this study may be used for assessing the effects of different stressors over a watershed. The method shows promise as a management tool for assessing watershed health. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hoque, Yamen M.; Govindaraju, Rao S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Tripathi, Shivam] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Hantush, Mohamed M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hoque, YM (reprint author), 2501 Soldiers Home Rd,Apt 45D, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. EM yhoque@purdue.edu OI Govindaraju, Rao/0000-0003-3957-3319 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development; EPA [EP-C-11-006] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under EPA Contract # EP-C-11-006. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 53 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 30 PY 2012 VL 109 BP 101 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.010 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 013GQ UT WOS:000309294300012 PM 22699028 ER PT J AU Liu, TF Xiao, N Liu, YX Wilson, B Li, J Wang, YY Cao, X Liu, ZQ AF Liu, Tengfei Xiao, Nan Liu, Yuxin Wilson, Belinda Li, Jing Wang, Yuanyuan Cao, Xu Liu, Zhiqin TI The anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl acetate on Lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine challenged mice and Lipopolysaccharide activated RAW264.7 cells SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Ethyl acetate; LPS; Endotoxic shock; Anti-inflammatory; RAW264.7 ID CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; OXIDE SYNTHASE EXPRESSION; NITRIC-OXIDE; KAPPA-B; INFLAMMATORY DISEASES; CYTOKINES; ETHANOL; PHOSPHORYLATION; NEUTROPHILS; MEDIATORS AB Ethyl acetate (EA) is an ordinary organic compound in fruits, wine and cosmetics, and used as a solvent frequently. With the recent observation in our experiment, we suspected that EA could affect immune function, in particular macrophage activity. In this paper, we tested EA's protect effect against death in Lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN)-induced endotoxic shock model in mice. And also found EA decreased the LPS-induced mRNA expression of mediators of inflammation including cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), inducible NOS (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in RAW264.7 cells. Consequently, EA decreased the production of, TNF alpha and the inflammatory agent nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cells treated with LPS. Other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1h and IL-6 were similarly decreased by EA treatment of RAW264.7 cells. The potential mechanism may associate with NF-kappa B activity as we shown. Taken together, these results suggest that EA has anti-inflammatory properties. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Tengfei; Xiao, Nan; Liu, Yuxin; Li, Jing; Cao, Xu] Hebei Univ, Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Cell Pharmacol, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yuxin; Liu, Zhiqin] Hebei Univ, Drug Qual Control Key Lab Hebei Prov, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China. [Wilson, Belinda] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neuropharmacol Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wang, Yuanyuan] Hebei Univ, Sch Biol, Mol Biol Lab, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China. RP Liu, YX (reprint author), Hebei Univ, Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Cell Pharmacol, 180 E Wusi Rd, Baoding 071002, Peoples R China. EM yuxinliu@hbu.edu.cn FU Hebei University [y2008118]; National Sciences and Technology subject for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars [2008-199]; Key Project of Science and Technology for Universities in Hebei Province [ZD2010234]; Key Basic Applied Research Program of Hebei Province [11966411D] FX This research was supported by the Hebei University grant (y2008118), the National Sciences and Technology subject for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars (2008-199), the Key Project of Science and Technology for Universities in Hebei Province (ZD2010234), and the Key Basic Applied Research Program of Hebei Province (11966411D). NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD OCT 26 PY 2012 VL 427 IS 3 BP 518 EP 524 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.088 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 039RC UT WOS:000311263200015 PM 23022187 ER PT J AU Price, K Purucker, ST Kraemer, SR Babendreier, JE AF Price, Katie Purucker, S. Thomas Kraemer, Stephen R. Babendreier, Justin E. TI Tradeoffs among watershed model calibration targets for parameter estimation SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELS; FLOW-DURATION CURVES; SWAT MODEL; HYDROLOGIC-MODELS; PREDICTION UNCERTAINTY; STATISTICAL-INFERENCE; AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION; SIMULATION-MODELS; BLUE NILE; OPTIMIZATION AB Hydrologic models are commonly calibrated by optimizing a single objective function target to compare simulated and observed flows, although individual targets are influenced by specific flow modes. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) emphasizes flood peaks in evaluating simulation fit, while modified Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (MNS) emphasizes lower flows, and the ratio of the simulated to observed standard deviations (RSD) prioritizes flow variability. We investigated tradeoffs of calibrating streamflow on three standard objective functions (NSE, MNS, and RSD), as well as a multiobjective function aggregating these three targets to simultaneously address a range of flow conditions, for calibration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) daily streamflow simulations in two watersheds. A suite of objective functions was explored to select a minimally redundant set of metrics addressing a range of flow characteristics. After each pass of 2001 simulations, an iterative informal likelihood procedure was used to subset parameter ranges. The ranges from each best-fit simulation set were used for model validation. Values for optimized parameters vary among calibrations using different objective functions, which underscores the importance of linking modeling objectives to calibration target selection. The simulation set approach yielded validated models of similar quality as seen with a single best-fit parameter set, with the added benefit of uncertainty estimations. Our approach represents a novel compromise between equifinality-based approaches and Pareto optimization. Combining the simulation set approach with the multiobjective function was demonstrated to be a practicable and flexible approach for model calibration, which can be readily modified to suit modeling goals, and is not model or location specific. C1 [Price, Katie; Purucker, S. Thomas; Kraemer, Stephen R.; Babendreier, Justin E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Price, K (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM price.katie@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation FX This research was conducted in collaboration with Chris Knightes, John M. Johnston, Robin Dennis, and Ellen Cooter. Feedback on early drafts of this manuscript was provided by Mike Cyterski, Roy Sidle, and Rhett Jackson. Insightful and helpful peer reviews were graciously provided by Joshua Kollat, Tammo Steenhuis, and one additional anonymous reviewer. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and has been approved for publication. Approval does not signify that that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. MPE rainfall data were provided by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 43 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD OCT 24 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W10542 DI 10.1029/2012WR012005 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 027IS UT WOS:000310346300002 ER PT J AU Tauseef, M Knezevic, N Chava, KR Smith, M Sukriti, S Gianaris, N Obukhov, AG Vogel, SM Schraufnagel, DE Dietrich, A Birnbaumer, L Malik, AB Mehta, D AF Tauseef, Mohammad Knezevic, Nebojsa Chava, Koteswara R. Smith, Monica Sukriti, Sukriti Gianaris, Nicholas Obukhov, Alexander G. Vogel, Stephen M. Schraufnagel, Dean E. Dietrich, Alexander Birnbaumer, Lutz Malik, Asrar B. Mehta, Dolly TI TLR4 activation of TRPC6-dependent calcium signaling mediates endotoxin-induced lung vascular permeability and inflammation SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-CHAIN KINASE; NF-KAPPA-B; INCREASED ENDOTHELIAL PERMEABILITY; PATTERN-RECOGNITION RECEPTORS; C REGULATES ACTIVATION; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; CA2+ ENTRY; IN-VIVO; MICROVASCULAR PERMEABILITY AB Lung vascular endothelial barrier disruption and the accompanying inflammation are primary pathogenic features of acute lung injury (ALI); however, the basis for the development of both remains unclear. Studies have shown that activation of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels induces Ca2+ entry, which is essential for increased endothelial permeability. Here, we addressed the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) intersection with TRPC6-dependent Ca2+ signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) in mediating lung vascular leakage and inflammation. We find that the endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) induces Ca2+ entry in ECs in a TLR4-dependent manner. Moreover, deletion of TRPC6 renders mice resistant to endotoxin-induced barrier dysfunction and inflammation, and protects against sepsis-induced lethality. TRPC6 induces Ca2+ entry in ECs, which is secondary to the generation of diacylglycerol (DAG) induced by LPS. Ca2+ entry mediated by TRPC6, in turn, activates the nonmuscle myosin light chain kinase (MYLK), which not only increases lung vascular permeability but also serves as a scaffold to promote the inter-action of myeloid differentiation factor 88 and IL-1R-associated kinase 4, which are required for NF-kappa B activation and lung inflammation. Our findings suggest that TRPC6-dependent Ca2+ entry into ECs, secondary to TLR4-induced DAG generation, participates in mediating both lung vascular barrier disruption and inflammation induced by endotoxin. C1 [Tauseef, Mohammad; Knezevic, Nebojsa; Chava, Koteswara R.; Smith, Monica; Sukriti, Sukriti; Vogel, Stephen M.; Malik, Asrar B.; Mehta, Dolly] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Chicago, IL 61605 USA. [Tauseef, Mohammad; Knezevic, Nebojsa; Chava, Koteswara R.; Smith, Monica; Sukriti, Sukriti; Vogel, Stephen M.; Malik, Asrar B.; Mehta, Dolly] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Ctr Lung & Vasc Biol, Chicago, IL 61605 USA. [Schraufnagel, Dean E.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 61605 USA. [Gianaris, Nicholas; Obukhov, Alexander G.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Cellular & Integrat Physiol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Dietrich, Alexander] Univ Munich, Walther Straub Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, D-80336 Munich, Germany. [Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mehta, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Chicago, IL 61605 USA. EM dmehta@uic.edu RI Dietrich, Alexander/G-8619-2013; Obukhov, Alexander/C-7246-2008; OI Obukhov, Alexander/0000-0002-3862-6004; Schraufnagel, Dean/0000-0003-0063-7223; Dietrich, Alexander/0000-0002-1168-8707 FU National Institutes of Health [HL71794, HL84153, P01-HL60678]; American Heart Association postdoctoral fellowship [10POST2600336]; Intramural Research Division of the National Institutes of Health [Z01-ES-101684] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants HL71794 (D. Mehta), HL84153 (D. Mehta) and P01-HL60678 (D. Mehta and A.B. Malik), American Heart Association postdoctoral fellowship to M. Tauseef (10POST2600336), and in part by the Intramural Research Division of the National Institutes of Health (project Z01-ES-101684 to LB). NR 66 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 23 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD OCT 22 PY 2012 VL 209 IS 11 BP 1953 EP 1968 DI 10.1084/jem.20111355 PG 16 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 027QT UT WOS:000310368800005 PM 23045603 ER PT J AU Mohapatra, DP Brar, SK Tyagi, RD Picard, P Surampalli, RY AF Mohapatra, D. P. Brar, S. K. Tyagi, R. D. Picard, P. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Ferro-sonication and partial ozonation pre-treatment and biotransformation of wastewater sludge for degradation of bisphenol A: Rheology studies SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Enzyme; Environment; Non-Newtonian fluids; Pre-treatment; Rheology; Waste treatment ID ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; LANDFILL LEACHATES; SHEAR SENSITIVITY; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; MASS-TRANSFER; LACCASE; OZONE; BIODEGRADABILITY AB The effect of physico-chemical pre-treatment processes, including ferro-sonication (FS) and partial ozonation (OZ) on the rheology of wastewater sludge (WWS) was investigated. The ferro-sonication and partial ozonation pre-treatment was carried out at optimum conditions: 163 min ultrasonication time, 2.71 mg L-1 FeSO4 center dot 7H(2)O with pH 2.81 and 26.16 mg g(-1) SS ozone dose, 16.47 min ozonation time at pH 6.23, respectively. Raw and pre-treated sludge depicted non-Newtonian and pseudoplastic behavior with 85%-97% confidence of fit into Bingham, Casson, Power and IPC paste models for solids concentration ranging from 15 g L-1 to 35 g L-1. Among all the rheological models studied, the power law was more prominent (confidence of fit 90% to 97%) in describing the rheology of the raw and pre-treated sludge. Pre-treatment of WWS led to decrease in pseudoplasticity due to decrease in consistency index K and increase in flow behavior index n. Further, the effects of FS and OZ pre-treatment of WWS on particle size change and on the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor were also investigated. The results showed a decrease in viscosity and particle size together with a higher degradation of BPA from WWS. BPA degradation by laccases produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti in raw and pre-treated sludge was also determined. Higher activity of laccase (366 U L-1) was observed in partially ozonated sludge, resulting in higher removal of BPA (0.16 mu g g(-1)) from WWS. The findings presented in this manuscript are potentially interesting to researcher studying the behavior of sewage sludge in wastewater treatment and removal of trace organic contaminants. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohapatra, D. P.; Brar, S. K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Picard, P.] Phytronix Technol, Quebec City, PQ G1P 2J7, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [355254]; Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Quebec; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Phytronix Technologies, Quebec FX The authors are thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant 355254) for financial support. Thanks to the Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Quebec, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Phytronix Technologies, Quebec for providing Ph.D. scholarship (BMP Innovation (Industrial Innovation Scholarships)) to D.P. Mohapatra. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-2509 J9 CHEM ENG SCI JI Chem. Eng. Sci. PD OCT 22 PY 2012 VL 81 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.ces.2012.06.054 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 993UK UT WOS:000307885000003 ER PT J AU Woodall, BD Yamamoto, DP Gullett, BK Touati, A AF Woodall, Brian D. Yamamoto, Dirk P. Gullett, Brian K. Touati, Abderrahmane TI Emissions from Small-Scale Burns of Simulated Deployed U.S. Military Waste SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; DIOXINS/FURANS; PCDD/F; GAS AB U.S. military forces have historically relied on open burning as an expedient method of volume reduction and treatment of solid waste during the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. This study is the first effort to characterize a broad range of pollutants and their emission factors during the burning of military waste and the effects that recycling efforts, namely removing plastics, might have on emissions. Piles of simulated military waste were constructed, burned, and emissions sampled at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Open Burn Testing Facility (OBTF), Research Triangle Park, NC. Three tests contained polyethylene terephthalate (PET #1 or PET) plastic water bottles and four did not. Emission factors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), polychlorinated and polybrominated dioxins/furans (PCDD/F and PBDD/F), and criteria pollutants were determined and are contained within. The average PCDD/F emission factors were 270 ng-toxic equivalency (TEQ) per kg carbon burned (ng-TEQ/kg Cb), ranging from 35 to 780 ng-TEQ/kg Cb. Limited testing suggests that targeted removal of plastic water bottles has no apparent effect on reducing pollutants and may even promote increased emissions. C1 [Woodall, Brian D.; Yamamoto, Dirk P.] USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Syst & Engn Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev E343 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Yamamoto, DP (reprint author), USAF, Inst Technol, Dept Syst & Engn Management, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM dirk.yamamoto@afit.edu FU AF/SG5I Force Health Protection office; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported by the U.S. Air Force Surgeon General, AF/SG5I Force Health Protection office and conducted under the auspices of an Intergovernmental Agreement with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We acknowledge the dedicated efforts of Dennis Tabor of U.S. EPA, Johanna Aurell of National Research Council, William Stevens of Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education; and Steve Terll, Libby Nessley, Barbara Wyrzykowska, Jerry Revis, and Donnie Gillis of ARCADIS-US, Inc., who provided technical support at the Open Burn Test Facility. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 16 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 20 BP 10997 EP 11003 DI 10.1021/es3021556 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 020JO UT WOS:000309805000021 PM 22947082 ER PT J AU Aurell, J Gullett, BK Yamamoto, D AF Aurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K. Yamamoto, Dirk TI Emissions from Open Burning of Simulated Military Waste from Forward Operating Bases SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS; HOUSEHOLD WASTE; COMBUSTION; DIBENZOFURANS; BARRELS; PCDD/F AB Emissions from open burning of simulated military waste from forward operating bases (FOBs) were extensively characterized as an initial step in assessing potential inhalation exposure of FOB personnel and future disposal alternatives. Emissions from two different burning scenarios, so-called "burn piles/pits" and an air curtain burner/"burn box", were compared using simulated FOB waste from municipal and commercial sources. A comprehensive array of emissions was quantified, including CO2, PM2.5, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), polybrominated dibenzodioxins and -furans (PBDDs/PBDFs), and metals. In general, smoldering conditions in the burn box and the burn pile led to similar emissions. However, when the burn box underwent periodic waste charging to maintain sustained combustion, PM2.5, VOCs, and PAH emissions dropped considerably compared to smoldering conditions and the overall burn pile results. The PCDD/PCDF and PBDD/PBDF emission factors for the burn piles were 50 times higher than those from the burn box likely due to the dominance of smoldering combustion in the burn piles. C1 [Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Aurell, Johanna] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Yamamoto, Dirk] USAF, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov RI Aurell, Johanna/L-2046-2013 FU AF/SG9S Force Health Protection office; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. EPA/NRMRL FX This research was supported by the US Air Force Surgeon General, AF/SG9S Force Health Protection office and conducted under the auspices of an Intergovernmental Agreement with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Special thanks to personnel at the U.S. Army's Tooele Depot who were critical to the success of this mission: Don Fanning, Roger Hale, Darwin Jones, Coy Christensen, Jacinta Williams and Dave Woodworth. Contributing EPA personnel included Chris Pressley, Dennis Tabor, and William Stevens (ORISE postdoc). Aerostat operations were handled by Rob Gribble and Larry Plush of ISSI, Inc. Assisting AFIT personnel included Mike Schmidt and Val Oppenheimer. This research was performed while Johanna Aurell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. EPA/NRMRL. This publication has been subjected to the U.S. EPA's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication as an U.S. EPA document. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 16 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 20 BP 11004 EP 11012 DI 10.1021/es303131k PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 020JO UT WOS:000309805000022 PM 22992062 ER PT J AU Wong, K Mukherjee, B Kahler, AM Zepp, R Molina, M AF Wong, Kelvin Mukherjee, Biplab Kahler, Amy M. Zepp, Richard Molina, Marirosa TI Influence of Inorganic Ions on Aggregation and Adsorption Behaviors of Human Adenovirus SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; ENTERIC VIRUSES; POROUS-MEDIA; SAND COLUMNS; HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTIONS; DEPOSITION KINETICS; NESTED-PCR; TRANSPORT; WATERS AB In this study, we investigated the influence of inorganic ions on the aggregation and deposition (adsorption) behavior of human adenovirus (HAdV). Experiments were conducted to determine the surface charge and size of HAdV and viral adsorption capacity of sand in different salt conditions. The interfacial potential energy was calculated using extended Derjaguin and Landau, Verwey and Overbeek (XDLVO) and steric hindrance theories to interpret the experimental results. Results showed that different compositions of inorganic ions have minimal effect on varying the iso-electric point pH (pH(lep)) of HAdV (ranging from 3.5 to 4.0). Divalent cations neutralized/shielded virus surface charge much more effectively than monovalent cations at pH above pH(lep). Consequently, at neutral pH the presence of divalent cations enhanced the aggregation of HAdV as well as its adsorption to sand. Aggregation and adsorption behaviors generally agreed with XDLVO theory; however, in the case of minimal electrostatic repulsion, steric force by virus' fibers can increase the energy barrier and distance of secondary minimum, resulting in limited aggregation and deposition. Overall, our results indicated that subsurface water with low hardness residing in sandy soils may have a higher potential of being contaminated by HAdV. C1 [Wong, Kelvin; Zepp, Richard; Molina, Marirosa] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Mukherjee, Biplab] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48667 USA. [Kahler, Amy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Wong, K (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM wong.kelvin@epa.gov NR 64 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 7 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 16 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 20 BP 11145 EP 11153 DI 10.1021/es3028764 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 020JO UT WOS:000309805000039 PM 22950445 ER PT J AU Little, JC Weschler, CJ Nazaroff, WW Liu, Z Hubal, EAC AF Little, John C. Weschler, Charles J. Nazaroff, William W. Liu, Zhe Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen TI Rapid Methods to Estimate Potential Exposure to Semivolatile Organic Compounds in the Indoor Environment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS; EMISSION CELL FLEC; MANUFACTURED CHEMICALS; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SETTLED DUST; OUTDOOR AIR; GAS-PHASE; TOXICITY; POLLUTANTS AB A systematic and efficient strategy is needed to assess and manage potential risks to human health that arise from the manufacture and use of thousands of chemicals. Among available tools for rapid assessment of large numbers of chemicals, significant gaps are associated with the capability to evaluate exposures that occur indoors. For semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), exposure is strongly influenced by the types of products in which these SVOCs occur. We propose methods for obtaining screening-level estimates for two primary SVOC source classes: additives in products used indoors and ingredients in products sprayed or applied to interior surfaces. Accounting for product use, emission characteristics, and the properties of the SVOCs, we estimate exposure via inhalation of SVOCs in the gas-phase, inhalation of SVOCs sorbed to airborne particles, ingestion of SVOCs sorbed to dust, and dermal sorption of SVOCs from the air into the blood. We also evaluate how exposure to the general public will change if chemical substitutions are made. Further development of a comprehensive set of models including the other SVOC-containing products and the other SVOC exposure pathways, together with appropriate methods for estimating or measuring the key parameters (in particular, the gas-phase concentration in equilibrium with the material-phase concentration of the SVOC in the product, or y(0)), is needed. When combined with rapid toxicity estimates, screening-level exposure estimates can contribute to health-risk-based prioritization of a wide range of chemicals of concern. C1 [Little, John C.; Liu, Zhe] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Weschler, Charles J.] UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Weschler, Charles J.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Weschler, Charles J.] Tech Univ Denmark, Int Ctr Indoor Environm & Energy, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Nazaroff, William W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Little, JC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 418 Durham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM jcl@vt.edu RI Little, John/B-4154-2009; Nazaroff, William/C-4106-2008; Weschler, Charles/A-9788-2009 OI Nazaroff, William/0000-0001-5645-3357; Weschler, Charles/0000-0002-9097-5850 FU EPA Office of Research and Development [EP-11-0-000172]; American Chemistry Council Long-Range Research Initiative; EPA Office of Air and Radiation, Indoor Environment Division, under CADMUS [EP-D-08-096, IED069-BERG-1] FX Funding for this work was provided to the Indoor Air Institute by the EPA Office of Research and Development under Order for Services No. EP-11-0-000172 and by a grant from the American Chemistry Council Long-Range Research Initiative. Funding was also provided to the Building Ecology Research Group by the EPA Office of Air and Radiation, Indoor Environment Division, under CADMUS Prime Contract No. EP-D-08-096, Task Order Agreement No. IED069-BERG-1. NR 45 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 15 U2 133 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 16 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 20 BP 11171 EP 11178 DI 10.1021/es301088a PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 020JO UT WOS:000309805000042 PM 22856628 ER PT J AU Otte, TL Nolte, CG Otte, MJ Bowden, JH AF Otte, Tanya L. Nolte, Christopher G. Otte, Martin J. Bowden, Jared H. TI Does Nudging Squelch the Extremes in Regional Climate Modeling? SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; LIMITED-AREA MODEL; UNITED-STATES; HYDROCLIMATE VARIABILITY; DAILY PRECIPITATION; PART I; SIMULATIONS; REANALYSIS; EVENTS; SENSITIVITY AB An important question in regional climate downscaling is whether to constrain (nudge) the interior of the limited-area domain toward the larger-scale driving fields. Prior research has demonstrated that interior nudging can increase the skill of regional climate predictions originating from historical data. However, there is concern that nudging may also inhibit the regional model's ability to properly develop and simulate mesoscale features, which may reduce the value added from downscaling by altering the representation of local climate extremes. Extreme climate events can result in large economic losses and human casualties, and regional climate downscaling is one method for projecting how climate change scenarios will affect extreme events locally. In this study, the effects of interior nudging are explored on the downscaled simulation of temperature and precipitation extremes. Multidecadal, continuous Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations of the contiguous United States are performed using coarse reanalysis fields as proxies for global climate model fields. The results demonstrate that applying interior nudging improves the accuracy of simulated monthly means, variability, and extremes over the multidecadal period. The results in this case indicate that interior nudging does not inappropriately squelch the prediction of temperature and precipitation extremes and is essential for simulating extreme events that are faithful in space and time to the driving large-scale fields. C1 [Otte, Tanya L.; Nolte, Christopher G.; Otte, Martin J.; Bowden, Jared H.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Otte, TL (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD-E243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM otte.tanya@epa.gov RI Nolte, Christopher/H-4345-2012; OI Nolte, Christopher/0000-0001-5224-9965; Spero, Tanya/0000-0002-1600-0422 FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX Lara Reynolds and Chris Misenis (CSC) provided technical support to generate some of the simulations shown in this paper. Kiran Alapaty and S.T. Rao (U.S. EPA) provided technical feedback on this paper. The critique of three anonymous reviewers served to strengthen the manuscript. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 53 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 25 IS 20 BP 7046 EP 7066 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00048.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 022GB UT WOS:000309944500011 ER PT J AU Su, CM Puls, RW Krug, TA Watling, MT O'Hara, SK Quinn, JW Ruiz, NE AF Su, Chunming Puls, Robert W. Krug, Thomas A. Watling, Mark T. O'Hara, Suzanne K. Quinn, Jacqueline W. Ruiz, Nancy E. TI A two and half-year-performance evaluation of a field test on treatment of source zone tetrachloroethene and its chlorinated daughter products using emulsified zero valent iron nanoparticles SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tetrachloroethene; Emulsified zero valent iron nanoparticles; Groundwater remediation; Pneumatic and direct injections; Reductive dechlorination; Mass flux ID MICROBIAL REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; MODIFIED FE-0 NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE CONCENTRATION; TCE DECHLORINATION; VINYL-CHLORIDE; MASS FLUXES; NANOSCALE; GROUNDWATER; WATER; TRANSPORT AB A field test of emulsified zero valent iron (EZVI) nanoparticles was conducted at Parris Island, SC, USA and was monitored for two and half years to assess the treatment of subsurface-source zone chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) dominated by tetrachloroethene (PCE) and its chlorinated daughter products. Two EZVI delivery methods were used: pneumatic injection and direct injection. In the pneumatic injection plot, 2180 L of EZVI containing 225 kg of iron (Toda RNIP-10DS), 856 kg of corn oil, and 22.5 kg of surfactant were injected to remedy an estimated 38 kg of CVOCs. In the direct injection plot, 572 L of EZVI were injected to treat an estimated 0.155 kg of CVOCs. After injection of the EZVI, significant reductions in PCE and trichloroethene (TCE) concentrations were observed in downgradient wells with corresponding increases in degradation products including significant increases in ethene. In the pneumatic injection plot, there were significant reductions in the downgradient groundwater mass flux values for PCE (>85%) and TCE (>85%) and a significant increase in the mass flux of ethene. There were significant reductions in total CVOC mass (86%); an estimated reduction of 63% in the sorbed and dissolved phases and 93% reduction in the PCE DNAPL mass. There are uncertainties in these estimates because DNAPL may have been mobilized during and after injection. Following injection, significant increases in dissolved sulfide, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and total organic carbon (TOC) were observed. In contrast, dissolved sulfate and pH decreased in many wells. The apparent effective remediation seems to have been accomplished by direct abiotic dechlorination by nanoiron followed by biological reductive dechlorination stimulated by the corn oil in the emulsion. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Su, Chunming; Puls, Robert W.] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Krug, Thomas A.; Watling, Mark T.; O'Hara, Suzanne K.] Geosyntec Consultants Inc, Guelph, ON N1G 5G3, Canada. [Quinn, Jacqueline W.] NASA, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. [Ruiz, Nancy E.] USN, Facil Engn Command, Engn Serv Ctr, Port Hueneme, CA 93043 USA. RP Su, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM su.chunming@epa.gov FU ESTCP [ER-0431]; U.S.EPA FX This project is a collaboration among the United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development, Geosyntec Consultants Inc., NASA, and the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center. Funding was provided by ESTCP (project ER-0431) and the U.S.EPA. Although the research described in this article has been funded partly by the U.S.EPA, it has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We are grateful to the following individuals and organizations: Deborah Schnell, Cornel Plebani, and their team of Pneumatic Fracturing, Inc. (Alpha, NJ) for high-pressure pneumatic injection of EZVI, Andrew Thornton and Corey Gamwell of Vironex Environmental Field Service (Golden, CO) for direct push injection of EZVI, Drs. Cherie Geiger and Christian Clausen of the University of Central Florida for assisting with on-site preparation of EZVI, Mr. Tim Harrington of MCRD at Parris Island and Ms. Bridget Toews (Independent Contractor) for providing logistical support, Messrs. Justin Groves, Brad Scroggins, Ken Jewell, Russell Neil, Tim Lankford, and Pat Clark of EPA, and Steve Randall of Geosyntec for field support, Ms. Lynda Callaway and Kristie Hargrove and Mr. Mark White of EPA for TOC/TIC and anions analyses, Messrs. Steve Markham and Andrew Greenwood and Ms. Sandra Saye of Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. for metals analysis, and Columbia Analytical Services, In. (Rochester, NY) for VOC, DHG, and VFA analysis, and TestAmerica (Knoxville, TN) for soils CVOC analysis. NR 51 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 84 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 16 BP 5071 EP 5084 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.06.051 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 010LL UT WOS:000309095800018 PM 22868086 ER PT J AU Pressman, JG McCurry, DL Parvez, S Rice, GE Teuschler, LK Miltner, RJ Speth, TF AF Pressman, Jonathan G. McCurry, Daniel L. Parvez, Shahid Rice, Glenn E. Teuschler, Linda K. Miltner, Richard J. Speth, Thomas F. TI Disinfection byproduct formation in reverse-osmosis concentrated and lyophilized natural organic matter from a drinking water source SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chlorination; DBP; DOM; Kinetics; Lyophilization; NOM; Reverse-osmosis; TOC ID CHLORINATION; REACTIVITY; KINETICS; IMPACT AB Drinking water treatment and disinfection byproduct (DBP) research can be complicated by natural organic matter (NOM) temporal variability. NOM preservation by lyophilization (freeze-drying) has been long practiced to address this issue; however, its applicability for drinking water research has been limited because the selected NOM sources are atypical of most drinking water sources. The purpose of this research was to demonstrate that reconstituted NOM from a lyophilized reverse-osmosis (RO) concentrate of a typical drinking water source closely represents DBP formation in the original NOM. A preliminary experiment assessed DBP formation kinetics and yields in concentrated NOM, which demonstrated that chlorine decays faster in concentrate, in some cases leading to altered DBP speciation. Potential changes in NOM reactivity caused by lyophilization were evaluated by chlorination of lyophilized and reconstituted NOM, its parent RO concentrate, and the source water. Bromide lost during RO concentration was replaced by adding potassium bromide prior to chlorination. Although total measured DBP formation tended to decrease slightly and unidentified halogenated organic formation tended to increase slightly as a result of RO concentration, the changes associated with lyophilization were minor. In lyophilized NOM reconstituted back to source water TOC levels and then chlorinated, the concentrations of 19 of 21 measured DBPs, constituting 96% of the total identified DBP mass, were statistically indistinguishable from those in the chlorinated source water. Furthermore, the concentrations of 16 of 21 DBPs in lyophilized NOM reconstituted back to the RO concentrate TOC levels, constituting 86% DBP mass, were statistically indistinguishable from those in the RO concentrate. This study suggests that lyophilization can be used to preserve concentrated NOM without substantially altering the precursors to DBP formation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pressman, Jonathan G.; Miltner, Richard J.; Speth, Thomas F.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [McCurry, Daniel L.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Parvez, Shahid; Rice, Glenn E.; Teuschler, Linda K.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Pressman, JG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM pressman.jonathan@epa.gov RI Parvez, Shahid/J-3390-2013 FU U.S. EPA, through ORD FX The authors thank Paul Rossman, Chris Parrett, and Ross Schneider for experimental assistance; David Griffith, Eugenia Riddick, Brittany Almassalkhi, Jeffery Collins, and Keith Kelty for chemical analyses; Kayla Quinter for data analysis; David Wahman for helpful discussions, and Emily Nauman for editing and formatting. Finally, we thank the drinking water utilities for facilities use: the Greater Cincinnati Water Works and acknowledge the request of the second utility to remain anonymous. The U.S. EPA, through ORD, funded and managed the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Opinions expressed are the authors and do not necessarily reflect the Agency's views, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 48 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 16 BP 5343 EP 5354 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.020 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 010LL UT WOS:000309095800042 PM 22846256 ER PT J AU Ko, S Crimi, M Marvin, BK Holmes, V Huling, SG AF Ko, Saebom Crimi, Michelle Marvin, Bruce K. Holmes, Victor Huling, Scott G. TI Comparative study on oxidative treatments of NAPL containing chlorinated ethanes and ethenes using hydrogen peroxide and persulfate in soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Chemical oxidation; Persulfate; Hydrogen peroxide; Chlorinated ethane; Chlorinated ethene ID CONTAMINATED SOIL; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; RATE CONSTANTS; REMEDIATION; DEGRADATION; CHEMISTRY; RADICALS; IRON AB The goal of this study was to assess the oxidation of NAPL in soil, 30% of which were composed of chlorinated ethanes and ethenes, using catalyzed hydrogen peroxide (CHP), activated persulfate (AP), and H2O2 -persulfate (HP) co-amendment systems. Citrate, a buffer and iron ligand, was amended to the treatment system to enhance oxidative treatment. Four activation/catalysis methods were employed: (1) oxidant only, (2) oxidant-citrate, (3) oxidant-iron(II), and (4) oxidant-citrate-iron(II). The NAPL treatment effectiveness was the greatest in the CHP reactions, the second in HP, and the third in AP. The effective activation and catalysis methods depended on the oxidant types; oxidant only for CHP and HP and oxidant-citrate-iron for AP. The treatability trend of chlorinated ethanes and ethenes in the soil mixture was as follows: trichloroethene > tetrachloroethene > dichloroethane > trichloroethane > tetrachloroethane. A significant fraction of persulfate remained in the oxidation systems after the 2-day reaction period, especially in the citrate-iron(II) AP. In general, oxidation systems that included citrate maintained a post-treatment pH in the range of 7-9. A final pH of AP oxidation systems was acidic (pH 2-3), where a molar ratio of citrate-iron(II) was less than 1.8 and where no citrate was amended. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ko, Saebom] CNR, RS Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74821 USA. [Crimi, Michelle] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Marvin, Bruce K.] Geosyntec, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Holmes, Victor] Amyris Biotechnol Inc, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Ada, OK 74821 USA. RP Ko, S (reprint author), CNR, RS Kerr Environm Res Ctr, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74821 USA. EM ko.saebom@epa.gov FU Aquifer Solutions, Inc.; AECOM FX This research was funded by Aquifer Solutions, Inc. and AECOM. The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Wilson Clayton of Aquifer Solutions, Inc. and Mr. Neil Thomson, Mr. Joe Duran, and Mr. Bruce Anderson at AECOM for their valuable comments and contributions to this work. The authors also acknowledge the research lab of the Department of Environmental Health at East Tennessee State University, where all analyses of this study were conducted, and Dr. Bahngmi Jung of Texas A&M University at Qatar for the nonlinear regression modeling work. NR 25 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 57 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD OCT 15 PY 2012 VL 108 BP 42 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.04.034 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 980EK UT WOS:000306876200007 PM 22658989 ER PT J AU Paul, KB Hedge, JM Bansal, R Zoeller, RT Peter, R DeVito, MJ Crofton, KM AF Paul, Katie B. Hedge, Joan M. Bansal, Ruby Zoeller, R. Thomas Peter, Robert DeVito, Michael J. Crofton, Kevin M. TI Developmental triclosan exposure decreases maternal, fetal, and early neonatal thyroxine: A dynamic and kinetic evaluation of a putative mode-of-action SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Mode-of-action; Thyroid disruption; Developmental exposure ID MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; THYROID-HORMONE METABOLISM; PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE MESSENGER-RNA; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; IN-VIVO EXPOSURE; LONG-EVANS RATS; BILIARY-EXCRETION; DIPHENYL ETHERS AB This work tests the mode-of-action (MOA) hypothesis that maternal and developmental triclosan (TCS) exposure decreases circulating thyroxine (T4) concentrations via up-regulation of hepatic catabolism and elimination of T4. Time-pregnant Long-Evans rats received TCS po (0-300 mg/kg/day) from gestational day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 21. Serum and liver were collected from dams (GD20, PND22) and offspring (GD20, PND4, PND14, PND21). Serum T4, triiodothyronine (13), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Ethoxy-O-deethylase (EROD), pentoxyresorufin-O-depentylase (PROD) and uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase (UGT) enzyme activities were measured in liver microsomes. Custom Taqman (R) qPCR arrays were employed to measure hepatic mRNA expression of select cytochrome P450s, UGTs, sulfotransferases, transporters, and thyroid hormone-responsive genes. TCS was quantified by LC/MS/MS in serum and liver. Serum 14 decreased approximately 30% in GD20 dams and fetuses, PND4 pups and PND22 dams (300 mg/kg/day). Hepatic PROD activity increased 2-3 fold in PND4 pups and PND22 dams, and UGT activity was 1.5 fold higher in PND22 dams only (300 mg/kg/day). Minor up-regulation of Cyp2b and Cyp3a expression in dams was consistent with hypothesized activation of the constitutive androstane and/or pregnane X receptor. 14 reductions of 30% for dams and GD20 and PND4 offspring with concomitant increases in PROD (PND4 neonates and PND22 dams) and UGT activity (PND22 dams) suggest that up-regulated hepatic catabolism may contribute to TCS-induced hypothyroxinemia during development. Serum and liver TCS concentrations demonstrated greater fetal than postnatal internal exposure, consistent with the lack of T4 changes in PND14 and PND21 offspring. These data support the MOA hypothesis that TCS exposure leads to hypothyroxinemia via increased hepatic catabolism; however, the minor effects on thyroid hormone metabolism may reflect the low efficacy of TCS as thyroid hormone disruptor or highlight the possibility that other MOAs may also contribute to the observed maternal and early neonatal hypothyroxinemia. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Hedge, Joan M.; Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Paul, Katie B.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Bansal, Ruby; Zoeller, R. Thomas] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Peter, Robert] Intertek Expert Serv, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland. [DeVito, Michael J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci Res, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Crofton, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD-B105-04,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM crofton.kevin@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU PhRMA Foundation Predoctoral Pharmacology/Toxicology Fellowship; EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program Training Agreement [CR833237]; National Institute of Environmental Health Science Training Grant [T32-ES07126]; U.S. EPA [546-09]; BASF Corporation [546-09]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX K.B. Paul was funded by a PhRMA Foundation Predoctoral Pharmacology/Toxicology Fellowship, the EPA/UNC Toxicology Research Program Training Agreement (CR833237), and the National Institute of Environmental Health Science Training Grant (T32-ES07126) during this work. This work was partially supported by a cooperative research and development agreement (CRADA) between the U.S. EPA and BASF Corporation (CRADA No. 546-09).; The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names of commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 82 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD OCT 9 PY 2012 VL 300 IS 1-2 BP 31 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2012.05.023 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 982KO UT WOS:000307042200004 PM 22659317 ER PT J AU Jetter, J Zhao, YX Smith, KR Khan, B Yelverton, T DeCarlo, P Hays, MD AF Jetter, James Zhao, Yongxin Smith, Kirk R. Khan, Bernine Yelverton, Tiffany DeCarlo, Peter Hays, Michael D. TI Pollutant Emissions and Energy Efficiency under Controlled Conditions for Household Biomass Cookstoves and Implications for Metrics Useful in Setting International Test Standards SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RESIDENTIAL COAL COMBUSTION; PARTICULATE MATTER; AEROSOL EMISSIONS; GREENHOUSE GASES; CHINA; COOKING; STOVES; WOOD; PARTICLES AB Realistic metrics and methods for testing household biomass cookstoves are required to develop standards needed by international policy makers, donors, and investors. Application of consistent test practices allows emissions and energy efficiency performance to be benchmarked and enables meaningful comparisons among traditional and advanced stove types. In this study, 22 cookstoves burning six fuel types (wood, charcoal, pellets, corn cobs, rice hulls, and plant oil) at two fuel moisture levels were examined under laboratory-controlled operating conditions as outlined in the Water Boiling Test (WBT) protocol, Version 4. Pollutant emissions (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, total hydrocarbons, and ultrafine particles) were continuously monitored. Fine particle mass was measured gravimetrically for each WBT phase. Additional measurements included cookstove power, energy efficiency, and fuel use. Emission factors are given on the basis of fuel energy, cooking energy, fuel mass, time, and cooking task or activity. The lowest PM2.5 emissions were 74 mg MJ(delivered)(-1) from a technologically advanced cookstove compared with 700-1400 mg MJ(delivered)(-1) from the base-case open 3-stone cookfire. The highest thermal efficiency was 53% compared with 14-15% for the 3-stone cookfire Based on these laboratory-controlled test results and observations, recommendations for developing potentially useful metrics for setting international standards are suggested. C1 [Jetter, James; Khan, Bernine; Yelverton, Tiffany; Hays, Michael D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhao, Yongxin] Arcadis US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Smith, Kirk R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [DeCarlo, Peter] Drexel Univ, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Jetter, J (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM jetter.jim@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013; DeCarlo, Peter/B-2118-2008 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660; DeCarlo, Peter/0000-0001-6385-7149 FU USEPA FX We gratefully acknowledge the following people for providing valuable technical advice and support: Brenda Doroski, John Mitchell, and Chris Pressley, USEPA; Tami Bond, University of Illinois; David Proffitt, Mike Tufts, Sam Brubaker, and N. Dean Smith, Arcadis U.S. Inc.; Jimmy Tran, Impact Carbon; Jonathon Thornburg, RTI International; Nick Lam, University of California-Berkeley; and Shayna Martin, USEPA student contractor. Jerry Faircloth, Arcadis U.S. Inc., operated the cookstoves during the tests. Financial support for this project was provided by USEPA. NR 55 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 6 U2 106 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD OCT 2 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 19 BP 10827 EP 10834 DI 10.1021/es301693f PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015FG UT WOS:000309431200059 PM 22924525 ER PT J AU Jardim, MJ Dailey, L Silbajoris, R Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Jardim, Melanie J. Dailey, Lisa Silbajoris, Robert Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Distinct MicroRNA Expression in Human Airway Cells of Asthmatic Donors Identifies a Novel Asthma-Associated Gene SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE asthma; inflammation; microRNA; epigenetic; gene expression ID LUNG-CANCER; REAL-TIME; AQUAPORIN-4 EXPRESSION; KAPPA-B; PROFILES; PCR; DIFFERENTIATION; PATHOGENESIS; INFLAMMATION; VALIDATION AB Airway inflammation is a hallmark of asthma, and suggests a dysregulation of homeostatic mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression necessary for the proper function of cellular processes. We tested the hypothesis that differences between healthy and asthmatic subjects may be a result of distinct miRNA cellular profiles that lead to differential regulation of inflammatory genes. We collected human bronchial epithelial cells from seven healthy donors and seven patients with asthma, and profiled miRNA expression, using the Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA) miRNA array platform. Results were confirmed according to quantitative RT-PCR on RNA isolated from 16 healthy and 16 asthmatic donors. We identified 66 miRNAs that were significantly different (>= 1.5-fold; P <= 0.05) between the two groups, and validated three of them in epithelial cells from 16 asthmatic and 16 healthy subjects. Molecular network analysis indicated that putative targets were principally involved in regulating the expression of inflammatory pathway genes (P <= 10(-4)). Our analysis confirmed the prediction that the expression of IL-8, Cox2, and TNF-alpha was up-regulated in asthmatic cells, whereas the expression of IL-6 was lower compared with that in healthy control subjects. Network analysis was also used to identify a novel asthma-associated gene. The top-ranked predicted target of the highly down-regulated miRNA-203 in asthmatic cells was the aquaporin gene AQP4. Its expression was confirmed to be significantly higher in cells from patients with asthma. Overall, these data suggest that the heightened inflammatory pathway activation observed in patients with asthma may be attributed to underlying aberrant miRNA expression. C1 [Jardim, Melanie J.; Dailey, Lisa; Silbajoris, Robert; Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Jardim, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM melaniejardim@gmail.com NR 47 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 47 IS 4 BP 536 EP 542 DI 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0160OC PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 082QA UT WOS:000314405800016 PM 22679274 ER PT J AU Blanco, I de Serres, FJ Carcaba, V Lara, B Fernandez-Bustillo, E AF Blanco, Ignacio de Serres, Frederick J. Carcaba, Victoriano Lara, Beatriz Fernandez-Bustillo, Enrique TI Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency PI*Z and PI*S Gene Frequency Distribution Using on Maps of the World by an Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) Multivariate Interpolation Method SO HEPATITIS MONTHLY LA English DT Article DE Alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency; Molecular Epidemiology ID ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS; ALPHA(1)-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY; ESTIMATED NUMBERS; PREVALENCE; ANTITRYPSIN; COUNTRIES; ALLELES; DISEASE; HEALTH AB Background: Currently, there is a remarkable lack of genetic epidemiological studies on alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in about half of the 193 countries of the World. This fact impedes the establishment of a true prevalence pattern of this deleterious hereditary disorder in extensive regions of human population. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to generate detailed maps of the frequency distribution of the two most frequent AAT deficiency alleles (i.e., PI*S and PI*Z) in all areas of the World. Materials and Methods: Available data provided by epidemiological studies performed in 94 of 193 countries worldwide was used to develop detailed maps of these two alleles, We employed an informatics mathematical approach, namely: the ArcMap [a component of ESRI's ArcGIS Geographical Information System (GIS), for Microsoft Windows], based on the inverse distance weighting (IDW) multivariate interpolation method, which creates new numerical points from known data, using a simple logarithm based in the distance existing between them. Results: In this method, PI*S and PI*Z frequencies were represented by colored scales, where qualitative colors were converted into quantitative data, providing information on their distribution in all parts of the world. This approach not only confirmed our previous data, but also provided digital images of the remaining regions of all continents. Conclusions: By using this approach, striking differences were found among regions, and unsuspected significant values of the PI*S and PI*Z alleles frequencies were obtained for several geographic regions where have not been studied yet. In fact, some of these regions might be considered as priority targets for further screening studies on AAT deficiency, in order to identify, and properly manage, individuals at risk for the diverse adverse health effects associated with AAT deficiency. Published by Kowsar Corp, 2012. cc 3.0. C1 [Blanco, Ignacio] Principal Asturias Biomed Res Off OIB FICYT, Oviedo, Spain. [Blanco, Ignacio] Alphal Antitrypsin Deficiency Spanish Registry, Barcelona, Spain. [de Serres, Frederick J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Carcaba, Victoriano] Valle Nalon Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Principado De Asturias, Spain. [Lara, Beatriz] Hosp Univ Vall dHebron, Inst Recerca Biomed Lleida IRB, Serv Pneumol,CIBERES Inst Salud Carlos 3, Hosp Univ Arnau Vilanova,Inst Recerca, Barcelona, Spain. [Fernandez-Bustillo, Enrique] Cent Univ Hosp Asturias, Biostat Unit, Principado De Asturias, Spain. RP Blanco, I (reprint author), Principal Asturias Biomed Res Off OIB FICYT, Oviedo, Spain. EM ignablanco@yahoo.com NR 19 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU KOWSAR PUBL PI HOENSBROEK PA PATERSWEG 22,, HOENSBROEK, LIMBURG 6431 GC, NETHERLANDS SN 1735-143X J9 HEPAT MON JI Hepat. Mon. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 12 IS 10 AR e7434 DI 10.5812/hepatmon.7434 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 078RL UT WOS:000314117000012 PM 23166537 ER PT J AU Spence, PL Osmond, DL Childres, W Heitman, JL Robarge, WP AF Spence, Porche L. Osmond, Deanna L. Childres, Wesley Heitman, Joshua L. Robarge, Wayne P. TI EFFECTS OF LAWN MAINTENANCE ON NUTRIENT LOSSES VIA OVERLAND FLOW DURING NATURAL RAINFALL EVENTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE lawns; runoff monitoring; developed areas; nutrients; residential; throughfall ID PERENNIAL RYEGRASS TURFS; SIMULATED RAINFALL; KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS; CREEPING BENTGRASS; INFILTRATION RATES; POLLUTANT EXPORT; WATER-QUALITY; NITROGEN; RUNOFF; TURFGRASS AB A sampling system was used to evaluate the effect of residential lawn management on nutrient losses via overland flow generated during natural rainfall events from three residential landscapes: a high maintenance fescue lawn (HMFL), a low maintenance fescue lawn (LMFL), and a mixed forested residential landscape (FRL). A sampling system was located in designated areas within each landscape such that 100% of the runoff follows natural flow paths to the outlet ports and collects in sterile Nalgene (R) B-3 media bags (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rochester, NY). A rainfall event was defined as producing >= 2.54 mm of water. A total of 87 rainfall events occurred during a 20-month monitoring period. The total runoff volume collected from the LMFL was higher than from the HMFL and FRL, but on average < 1% of the total rainfall was collected from the three landscapes. Mean nitrate concentrations from each lawn did not exceed 0.6 mg N/l. Nutrient unit area losses from the HMFL, LMFL, and FRL were 1,000 times less than fertilizer and throughfall inputs, which were due to the presence of well-structured soils (low bulk densities) with high infiltration rates. This study demonstrated that the frequency of runoff, total runoff volumes, and nutrient losses during natural rainfall events are lower from highly maintained (i.e., irrigation, fertilizer application, and reseeding) densely uniform manicured lawns than low maintenance lawns and forested residential landscapes. C1 [Spence, Porche L.; Osmond, Deanna L.; Childres, Wesley; Heitman, Joshua L.; Robarge, Wayne P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Spence, PL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM spence.porche@epa.gov NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 48 IS 5 BP 909 EP 924 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2012.00658.x PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 067AN UT WOS:000313264000004 ER PT J AU Angradi, TR Bolgrien, DW Starry, MA Hill, BH AF Angradi, Ted R. Bolgrien, David W. Starry, Matt A. Hill, Brian H. TI MODELED SUMMER BACKGROUND CONCENTRATION OF NUTRIENTS AND SUSPENDED SEDIMENT IN THE MID-CONTINENT (USA) GREAT RIVERS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Mississippi River; Missouri River; Ohio River; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; total suspended solids; nutrients; chlorophyll a; criteria; land use; reference condition ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; TROPHIC STATE; BIOASSESSMENT; DISTRIBUTIONS; CHLOROPHYLL; WATERSHEDS; MISSOURI; NITROGEN; CRITERIA AB We used regression models to predict summer background concentration of total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P), and total suspended solids (TSS), in the mid-continent great rivers: the Upper Mississippi, the Lower Missouri, and the Ohio. From multiple linear regressions of water quality indicators with land use and other stressor variables, we determined the concentration of the indicators when the predictor variables were all set to zero - the y-intercept. Except for total P on the Upper Mississippi River, we could predict background concentration using regression models. Predicted background concentration of total N was about the same on the Upper Mississippi and Lower Missouri Rivers (430 mu g l(-1)), which was lower than percentile-based values, but was similar to concentrations derived from the response of sestonic chlorophyll a to great river total N concentration. Background concentration of total P on the Lower Missouri (65 mu g l(-1)) was also lower than published and percentile-based concentrations. Background TSS concentration was higher on the Lower Missouri (40 mg l(-1)) than the other rivers. Background TSS concentration on the Upper Mississippi (16 mg l(-1)) was below a threshold (30 mg l(-1)) designed to protect aquatic vegetation. Our model-predicted concentrations for the great rivers are an attempt to estimate background concentrations for water quality indicators independent from thresholds based on percentiles or derived from stressor-response relationships. C1 [Angradi, Ted R.; Bolgrien, David W.; Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Starry, Matt A.] SRA Int Inc, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. RP Angradi, TR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM angradi.theodore@epa.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 48 IS 5 BP 1054 EP 1070 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2012.00669.x PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 067AN UT WOS:000313264000015 ER PT J AU Darling, JA Herborg, LM Davidson, IC AF Darling, John A. Herborg, Leif-Matthias Davidson, Ian C. TI Intracoastal shipping drives patterns of regional population expansion by an invasive marine invertebrate SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; microsatellite; population genetics; Styela clava; vector analysis ID STYELA-CLAVA TUNICATA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; NORTH-AMERICA; POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION; MICROSATELLITE DATA; SPECIES INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; ZEBRA MUSSELS; DISPERSAL AB Understanding the factors contributing to expansion of nonnative populations is a critical step toward accurate risk assessment and effective management of biological invasions. Nevertheless, few studies have attempted explicitly to test hypotheses regarding factors driving invasive spread by seeking correlations between patterns of vector movement and patterns of genetic connectivity. Herein, we describe such an attempt for the invasive tunicate Styela clava in the northeastern Pacific. We utilized microsatellite data to estimate gene flow between samples collected throughout the known range of S. clava in the region, and assessed correlation of these estimates with patterns of intracoastal commercial vessel traffic. Our results suggest that recent shipping patterns have contributed to the contemporary distribution of genetic variation. However, the analysis also indicates that other factors-including a complex invasion history and the influence of other vectors-have partially obscured genetic patterns associated with intracoastal population expansion. C1 [Darling, John A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Herborg, Leif-Matthias] British Columbia Minist Environm, Victoria, BC V8W9M1, Canada. [Davidson, Ian C.] Portland State Univ, Aquat Bioinvas Res & Policy Inst, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Davidson, Ian C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Darling, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM darling.john@epa.gov OI Davidson, Ian/0000-0002-8729-6048 FU EPA Regional Applied Research Effort; Office of Research and Development; United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX Funded in part through an EPA Regional Applied Research Effort with Region 9, Region 10, and the Office of Research and Development.; The authors thank R Fairey, JT Carlton, J Bishop, L Dupont, T Therriault, LC Hannah, and HN Gartner for providing S. clava samples for genetic analysis. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the California State Lands Commission, the Oregon ballast water reporting pilot program (at Portland State University), and the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife provided shipping data. The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for publication. NR 61 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 2 IS 10 BP 2552 EP 2561 DI 10.1002/ece3.362 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 055XM UT WOS:000312451300017 PM 23145340 ER PT J AU Lu, HF Lin, BL Campbell, DE Sagisaka, M Ren, H AF Lu, Hongfang Lin, Bin-Le Campbell, Daniel E. Sagisaka, Masayuki Ren, Hai TI Biofuel vs. biodiversity? Integrated emergy and economic cost-benefit evaluation of rice-ethanol production in Japan SO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Net energy yield; Biodiversity loss; Polluting gas reductions; Economic viability; Emergy synthesis ID BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; ENERGY ANALYSIS; PADDY FIELDS; SUSTAINABILITY; BIOMASS; EXERGY; SYSTEM; TRANSFORMITY; INFORMATION; MANAGEMENT AB Energy analysis results confirmed that abandoned rice fields provide a good opportunity for japan to fulfill its E-3 target by producing ethanol from high-yield rice feedstock. However, to be a viable alternative, a biofuel should not only provide a net energy gain and reduce the emissions of polluting gases, but also be ecologically and economically competitive. Thus, an integrated ecological-economic evaluation was done to determine the viability of the process, the opportunity cost of biodiversity loss and the quality of the energies consumed and produced. The results showed that although ethanol from high-yield rice has a net energy yield, it is currently neither ecologically nor economically feasible to use it to replace gasoline as a transport fuel in Japan. There is a positive effect in that polluting gas emissions are reduced, but this benefit is too small to change the large negative balance in both the emergy and economic accounts. Furthermore, converting an abandoned rice field to the cultivation of intensified high-yield rice feedstock could have a large negative effect on biodiversity at both genetic and species levels, which if fully realized, would be over 300 times the ecological economic value of the rice-ethanol output. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lu, Hongfang; Ren, Hai] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lin, Bin-Le; Sagisaka, Masayuki] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Inst Sci Safety & Sustainabil RISS, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Lin, BL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, 723 Xing Ke Rd, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM luhf@scbg.ac.cn; binle-lin@aist.go.jp; renhai@scbg.ac.cn FU New Energy Foundation (NEF) of Japan; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31070483, 31170428]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-EW-J-28] FX This study is supported by the Program of Asia Biomass Energy Researcher Invitation Program 2011 of the New Energy Foundation (NEF) of Japan, the Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070483, 31170428), and the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-J-28). NR 91 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 46 IS 1 BP 442 EP 450 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2012.08.005 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 047XB UT WOS:000311873700047 ER PT J AU Guignet, D AF Guignet, Dennis TI The impacts of pollution and exposure pathways on home values: A stated preference analysis SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Home value; Underground storage tank; Groundwater; Stated Preference; Inferred valuation; Remediation benefits ID PROPERTY-VALUES; RISK; STANDARDS; BENEFITS; STIGMA AB Hedonic property value methods are an attractive non-market valuation technique. In practice, however, researchers are often forced to make untested assumptions regarding the public's perceptions of the environmental commodity being studied. Stated preference methods offer an opportunity to examine how home values are affected when researchers know exactly what is being valued. A stated preference study is conducted to investigate how people value environmental quality, by measuring impacts on home values from a leaking underground storage tank (LUST). The study incorporates two experimental treatments, expressing environmental risks in terms of(i) the presence of an exposure pathway, and (ii) pollution concentrations. This mimics information provided to Maryland households whose groundwater is actually impacted by a LUST. The questionnaire is administered to a convenience sample of Maryland residents. Within sample comparisons of the experimental treatments reveal that even when the groundwater at a home is not contaminated, respondents believe home prices decrease 18% to 24%. Prices decrease further once pollution levels exceed the regulatory standard, and an exposure pathway is present. Respondents seem capable of interpreting pollution information, and believe prices are impacted in ways consistent with economic theory. Future research to further bridge the gap between methodologies is discussed. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Guignet, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Mail Code 1809 T,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM guignet.dennis@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency [GS-10F-0224J] FX This research benefited from focus groups funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (contract GS-10F-0224J via Industrial Economics). I thank Anna Alberini for her continued support and guidance. I also thank Maureen Cropper, Erik Lichtenberg, Doug Lipton, Adan Martinez-Cruz, Ted McConnell, and Charles Towe for helpful comments, Lars Olson for the opportunity to implement this survey, and Andrew Mizrahi for helping with the implementation. Any views and conclusions expressed are my own, and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 82 BP 53 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.02.033 PG 11 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA 025KI UT WOS:000310187400006 ER PT J AU Hogrefe, C AF Hogrefe, Christian TI AIR QUALITY Emissions versus climate change SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hogrefe, C (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hogrefe.christian@epa.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 5 IS 10 BP 685 EP 686 DI 10.1038/ngeo1591 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 016JW UT WOS:000309515100008 ER PT J AU Rangarajan, S Sample, DJ Boone, M Lee, J Muneer, A Narayanaswamy, K Hochstedler, M AF Rangarajan, Srinivasan Sample, David J. Boone, Matthew Lee, Joong Muneer, Alie Narayanaswamy, Karthik Hochstedler, Megan TI Urban Wet-Weather Flows SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE urban wet-weather; urban runoff; urban drainage; CSO; SSO; stormwater; water quality ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MICROBIOLOGICAL WATER-QUALITY; COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOW; RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL; STORM-WATER; GREEN ROOFS; WASTE-WATER; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AB This literature review summarizes significant technical literature published in 2010 and 2011 in the major areas of urban wet-weather flows. The review covers a range of topics including characterization, pollution sources, monitoring and sampling, surface and groundwater impacts, mathematical modeling tools and decision support systems, regulatory policies, and control and treatment technologies. Some gaps in the literature compilation have also been identified and presented to support future research efforts. C1 [Rangarajan, Srinivasan] New York City Environm Protect, Bur Environm Planning & Anal, Flushing, NY 11373 USA. [Sample, David J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Lab, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Boone, Matthew; Hochstedler, Megan] ARCADIS US Inc, Columbus, OH 43214 USA. [Lee, Joong] US EPA, Natl Risk Management & Res Lab, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Muneer, Alie] US EPA, Reg Water Div 5, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Narayanaswamy, Karthik] URS Corp, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. RP Rangarajan, S (reprint author), New York City Environm Protect, Bur Environm Planning & Anal, 59-17 Junct Blvd,11th Floor, Flushing, NY 11373 USA. EM srangarajan@dep.nyc.gov; dsample@vt.edu; Matthew.Boone@arcadis-us.com; lee.joong@epa.gov; muneer.alie@epa.gov; karthik_narayanaswamy@urscorp.com; Megan.Hochstedler@arcadis-us.com NR 313 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 154 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 EI 1554-7531 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 84 IS 10 BP 861 EP 970 PG 110 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 033YK UT WOS:000310837100005 ER PT J AU Mearns, AJ Reish, DJ Oshida, PS Ginn, T Rempel-Hester, MA Arthur, C AF Mearns, Alan J. Reish, Donald J. Oshida, Philip S. Ginn, Thomas Rempel-Hester, Mary Ann Arthur, Courtney TI Effects of Pollution on Marine Organisms SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tissue residues; toxicity; bioaccumulation; biomagnification; biomarkers; sediment quality; ecological risk assessment; endocrine disrupters; nano particles; POPs; PCBs; PAHs; PBDEs; radionuclides; pharmaceuticals; personal care products; trace metals; pesticides; biomarkers; marine coatings; biocides; oil spills; sewage; debris; dredging; eutrophication; human disturbance; Arctic; Antarctic ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; CLAM RUDITAPES-PHILIPPINARUM; LOGGERHEAD SEA-TURTLES; FRESH-WATER FISH; MUSSEL MYTILUS-GALLOPROVINCIALIS; HALIOTIS DIVERSICOLOR SUPERTEXTA; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; SHORT-TAILED SHEARWATERS AB This review covers selected 2011 articles on the biological, chemical and physical effects of natural and anthropogenic pollutants on marine and estuarine plants and animals. The review, based largely on journal articles, covers field and laboratory measurement activities (concentrations of contaminants, field surveys, toxicity testing and biomarkers). Reviewed papers focus further on pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, wastewater discharges, dredging and disposal, etc. Special emphasis is placed on oil spills and marine debris due in part to the catastrophic Deepwater Horizon blowout in the Gulf of Mexico and ongoing cleanup and the 2011 Japanese tsunami. Several topical areas reviewed in the past were dropped this year due to circumstances beyond our control. Further, the focus is on effects, not pollutant fate and transport. There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e. g. some bioaccumulation papers may be cited in other topical categories). as always, readers should only use this as a guide and must consult the original papers before citing them, including double-checking units. C1 [Mearns, Alan J.] NOAA, Emergency Response Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Reish, Donald J.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Biol Sci, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Oshida, Philip S.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Ginn, Thomas] Exponent Inc, Sedona, AZ USA. [Rempel-Hester, Mary Ann] Aquat Toxicol Support, Bremerton, WA USA. [Arthur, Courtney] IM Syst Grp, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Arthur, Courtney] NOAA Marine Debris Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Mearns, AJ (reprint author), NOAA, Emergency Response Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM alan.mearns@noaa.gov NR 388 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 10 U2 368 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 EI 1554-7531 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 84 IS 10 BP 1737 EP 1823 DI 10.2175/106143012X13407275695751 PG 87 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 033YK UT WOS:000310837100031 ER PT J AU Tafuri, AN Field, R AF Tafuri, Anthony N. Field, Richard TI Treatability aspects of urban stormwater stressors SO FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE stormwater; wet weather flow; urban runoff AB Pollution from diffuse sources (pollution from contaminants picked up and carried into surface waters by stormwater runoff) has been identified as a significant source of water quality problems in the U.S. scientists and engineers continue to seek solutions that will allow them to optimize existing technologies and develop new ones that will provide the best possible protection to people, wildlife, and the environment. This paper addresses the various pollutants or stressors in urban stormwater, including flow (shear force), pathogens, suspended solids/sediment, toxicants (organic and metals), nutrients, oxygen demanding substances, and coarse solids. A broad overview of the pollutants removed and the removal mechanisms by and of conventional best management practices (BMPs) is also presented. The principal treatment mechanisms of conventional wet ponds, vegetative swales/buffer strips, and wetlands are sedimentation and filtration. These mechanisms have the capability to remove significant amounts of suspended solids or particulate matter and are a vital component of strategies to reduce pollutant loads to receiving waters. In addition, because most of the nation's receiving water violations are caused by pathogen indicator bacteria, it is of utmost importance that research efforts address this problem. Further research is also needed on the treatment of emerging contaminants in BMPs and on the costs and affects of maintenance and maintenance schedules on the long-term performance of BMPs. C1 [Tafuri, Anthony N.; Field, Richard] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Tafuri, AN (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM tafuri.anthony@epa.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 51 PU HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS PI BEIJING PA SHATANHOU ST 55, BEIJING 100009, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2095-2201 J9 FRONT ENV SCI ENG JI Front. Env. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 6 IS 5 BP 631 EP 637 DI 10.1007/s11783-012-0420-0 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 027AT UT WOS:000310324900005 ER PT J AU McKarns, SC Kerkvliet, NI Dean, JH Bonn, MB Cohen, MD Franko, J Laiosa, MD Lawrence, BP Luebke, RW Luster, MI Miller, PG Palmer, RK Pfau, JC Raman, P Regal, JF Rodgers, KE Schondelmeyer, RS Zhang, XC Burns-Naas, LA AF McKarns, Susan C. Kerkvliet, Nancy I. Dean, Jack H. Bonn, Michael B. Cohen, Mitchell D. Franko, Jennifer Laiosa, Michael D. Lawrence, B. Paige Luebke, Robert W. Luster, Michael I. Miller, Patrick G. Palmer, Rachel K. Pfau, Jean C. Raman, Priyadarshini Regal, Jean F. Rodgers, Kathleen E. Schondelmeyer, Rio S. Zhang, Xiaochu Burns-Naas, Leigh Ann TI Immunotoxicology: Fifty years of global scientific progress SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB The Immunotoxicology Specialty Section of the Society of Toxicology (SOT) celebrated the 50th Anniversary of the SOT by constructing a poster to highlight the milestones of Immunotoxicology during that half-century period. This poster was assembled by an ad hoc committee and intertwines in words, citations, graphics, and photographs our attempts to capture a timeline reference of the development and progressive movement of immunotoxicology across the globe. This poster was displayed during the 50th Annual SOT Meeting in Washington DC in March, 2011. The poster can be accessed by any Reader at the SOT Website via the link http://www.toxicology.org/AI/MEET/AM2011/posters_rcsigss.asp#imss. We dedicate this poster to all of the founders and the scientists that followed them who have made the discipline of Immunotoxicology what it is today. C1 [McKarns, Susan C.] Univ Missouri Sch Med, Ctr Cellular & Mol Immunol, Columbia, MO USA. [McKarns, Susan C.] Univ Missouri Sch Med, Dept Surg, Columbia, MO USA. [McKarns, Susan C.] Univ Missouri Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, MO USA. [Kerkvliet, Nancy I.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dean, Jack H.] Drug Dev Advisors, Oro Valley, AZ USA. [Bonn, Michael B.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Cohen, Mitchell D.] New York Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA. [Franko, Jennifer] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA. [Laiosa, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee Sch Publ Hlth, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Lawrence, B. Paige] Univ Rochester Med Ctr, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Luebke, Robert W.] US EPA, Immunotoxicol Branch, Expt Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Luster, Michael I.] W Virginia Univ Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV USA. [Miller, Patrick G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO USA. [Palmer, Rachel K.] Univ Maine, Dept Mol & Biomed Sci, Orono, ME USA. [Pfau, Jean C.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Raman, Priyadarshini] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Integrat Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Raman, Priyadarshini] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Regal, Jean F.] Univ Minnesota Med Sch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Duluth, MN USA. [Rodgers, Kathleen E.] Univ So Calif Sch Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm & Pharmaceut Econ & Policy, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Schondelmeyer, Rio S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO USA. [Zhang, Xiaochu] Univ Toronto, Dept Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Burns-Naas, Leigh Ann] Pfizer Global Res & Dev, Drug Safety Res & Dev, San Diego, CA USA. RP McKarns, SC (reprint author), Univ Missouri Sch Med, Ctr Cellular & Mol Immunol, Columbia, MO USA. RI Raman, Priyadarshini/E-1397-2014; OI Laiosa, Michael/0000-0002-1297-2670 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1547-691X J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL JI J. Immunotoxicol. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 9 IS 4 BP 339 EP 340 DI 10.3109/1547691X.2012.658530 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 033PA UT WOS:000310808900001 PM 23078377 ER PT J AU Gangwal, S Reif, DM Mosher, S Egeghy, PP Wambaugh, JF Judson, RS Hubal, EAC AF Gangwal, Sumit Reif, David M. Mosher, Shad Egeghy, Peter P. Wambaugh, John F. Judson, Richard S. Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen TI Incorporating exposure information into the toxicological prioritization index decision support framework SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE ExpoCast; Exposure assessment; ToxCast; Exposure metrics; Exposure prioritization; Pesticides ID ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; BIOMONITORING DATA; PESTICIDES; RESOURCE; ACTOR AB The Toxicological Prioritization Index (ToxPi) decision support framework was previously developed to facilitate incorporation of diverse data to prioritize chemicals based on potential hazard. This ToxPi index was demonstrated by considering results of bioprofiling related to potential for endocrine disruption. However, exposure information is required along with hazard information to prioritize chemicals for further testing. The goal of this analysis is to demonstrate the utility of the ToxPi framework for incorporating exposure information to rank chemicals and improve understanding of key exposure surrogates. The ToxPi tool was applied to common exposure surrogates (i.e., fate parameters, manufacturing volume, and occurrence measurements) and the relationship between resulting rankings and higher-tiered exposure estimates was investigated. As information more directly relevant to human exposure potential is incorporated, relative rank of chemicals changes. Binned ToxPi results are shown to be consistent with chemical priorities based on crude measures of population-level exposure for a limited set of chemicals. However, these bins are not predictive of higher tiered estimates of exposure such as those developed for pesticide registration. Although rankings based on exposure surrogates are used in a variety of contexts, analysis of the relevance of these tools is challenging. The ToxPi framework can be used to gain insight into the factors driving these rankings and aid identification of key exposure metrics. Additional exposure data is required to build confidence in exposure-based chemical prioritization. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gangwal, Sumit; Reif, David M.; Mosher, Shad; Wambaugh, John F.; Judson, Richard S.; Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen] US EPA, NCCT, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Egeghy, Peter P.] US EPA, NERL, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hubal, EAC (reprint author), US EPA, NCCT, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop D-343-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hubal.elaine@epa.gov OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 435 BP 316 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.086 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 028AV UT WOS:000310396100037 PM 22863807 ER PT J AU Svendsen, ER Gonzales, M Mukerjee, S Smith, L Ross, M Walsh, D Rhoney, S Andrews, G Ozkaynak, H Neas, LM AF Svendsen, Erik R. Gonzales, Melissa Mukerjee, Shaibal Smith, Luther Ross, Mary Walsh, Debra Rhoney, Scott Andrews, Gina Ozkaynak, Haluk Neas, Lucas M. TI GIS-Modeled Indicators of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants and Adverse Pulmonary Health Among Children in El Paso, Texas SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; asthma; child; motor vehicles; nitrogen dioxide; vehicle emissions ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA COMMUNITIES; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; NORTH-AMERICAN CHILDREN; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; CHILDHOOD-CANCER; LUNG-FUNCTION; RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY; DIFFERING LEVELS; ACID AEROSOLS AB Investigators examined 5,654 children enrolled in the El Paso, Texas, public school district by questionnaire in 2001. Exposure measurements were first collected in the late fall of 1999. School-level and residence-level exposures to traffic-related air pollutants were estimated using a land use regression model. For 1,529 children with spirometry, overall geographic information system (GIS)-modeled residential levels of traffic-related ambient air pollution (calibrated to a 10-ppb increment in nitrogen dioxide levels) were associated with a 2.4 decrement in forced vital capacity (95 confidence interval (CI): 4.0, 0.7) after adjustment for demographic, anthropomorphic, and socioeconomic factors and spirometer/technician effects. After adjustment for these potential covariates, overall GIS-modeled residential levels of traffic-related ambient air pollution (calibrated to a 10-ppb increment in nitrogen dioxide levels) were associated with pulmonary function levels below 85 of those predicted for both forced vital capacity (odds ratio (OR) 3.10, 95 CI: 1.65, 5.78) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (OR 2.35, 95 CI: 1.38, 4.01). For children attending schools at elevations above 1,170 m, a 10-ppb increment in modeled nitrogen dioxide levels was associated with current asthma (OR 1.56, 95 CI: 1.08, 2.50) after adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and parental factors and random school effects. These results are consistent with previous studies in Europe and California that found adverse health outcomes in children associated with modeled traffic-related air pollutants. C1 [Mukerjee, Shaibal; Ross, Mary; Walsh, Debra; Rhoney, Scott; Andrews, Gina; Ozkaynak, Haluk; Neas, Lucas M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Svendsen, Erik R.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Environm Hlth Sci, New Orleans, LA USA. [Gonzales, Melissa] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Epidemiol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Smith, Luther] Alion Sci & Technol Inc, Durham, NC USA. RP Neas, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, MD-58A, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Neas.Lucas@epamail.epa.gov RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012; OI Svendsen, Erik/0000-0003-3941-0907 FU EPA FX This research was supported by the EPA. NR 59 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 40 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 176 SU 7 BP S131 EP S141 DI 10.1093/aje/kws274 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 018TM UT WOS:000309686100014 PM 23035137 ER PT J AU Block, ML Elder, A Auten, RL Bilbo, SD Chen, HL Chen, JC Cory-Slechta, DA Costa, D Diaz-Sanchez, D Dorman, DC Gold, DR Gray, K Jeng, HA Kaufman, JD Kleinman, MT Kirshner, A Lawler, C Miller, DS Nadadur, SS Ritz, B Semmens, EO Tonelli, LH Veronesi, B Wright, RO Wright, RJ AF Block, Michelle L. Elder, Alison Auten, Richard L. Bilbo, Staci D. Chen, Honglei Chen, Jiu-Chiuan Cory-Slechta, Deborah A. Costa, Daniel Diaz-Sanchez, David Dorman, David C. Gold, Diane R. Gray, Kimberly Jeng, Hueiwang Anna Kaufman, Joel D. Kleinman, Michael T. Kirshner, Annette Lawler, Cindy Miller, David S. Nadadur, Srikanth S. Ritz, Beate Semmens, Erin O. Tonelli, Leonardo H. Veronesi, Bellina Wright, Robert O. Wright, Rosalind J. TI The outdoor air pollution and brain health workshop SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Air pollution; Brain; Particulate matter; Ozone; Central nervous system; Susceptibility; Epidemiology; Neuroinflammation; Neurotoxicity; Behavior ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; EARLY ENVIRONMENTAL-REGULATION; RECEPTOR GENE-EXPRESSION; LEFT-VENTRICULAR MASS; GENOMIC TARGET SITES; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; RAT NASAL-MUCOSA AB Accumulating evidence suggests that outdoor air pollution may have a significant impact on central nervous system (CNS) health and disease. To address this issue, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institute of Health convened a panel of research scientists that was assigned the task of identifying research gaps and priority goals essential for advancing this growing field and addressing an emerging human health concern. Here, we review recent findings that have established the effects of inhaled air pollutants in the brain, explore the potential mechanisms driving these phenomena, and discuss the recommended research priorities/approaches that were identified by the panel. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Block, Michelle L.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. [Elder, Alison; Cory-Slechta, Deborah A.] Univ Rochester, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Auten, Richard L.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bilbo, Staci D.] Duke Univ, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Durham, NC USA. [Chen, Honglei] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Chen, Jiu-Chiuan] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Preventat Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Costa, Daniel] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dorman, David C.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC USA. [Gold, Diane R.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Dept Med,Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Jeng, Hueiwang Anna] Old Dominion Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Sch Community & Environm Hlth, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kaufman, Joel D.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kleinman, Michael T.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Miller, David S.] NIEHS, Lab Toxicol & Pharmacol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ritz, Beate] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Semmens, Erin O.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Tonelli, Leonardo H.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Mood & Anxiety Program LT, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Veronesi, Bellina] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wright, Robert O.; Wright, Rosalind J.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Block, ML (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Med Campus,Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM mblock@vcu.edu RI Ritz, Beate/E-3043-2015; Kaufman, Joel/B-5761-2008; Chen, JC/I-2261-2016; Bilbo, Staci/L-5076-2016; OI Kaufman, Joel/0000-0003-4174-9037; Bilbo, Staci/0000-0001-6736-7841; Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779 FU NIEHS/NIH-DERT FX This work was supported by NIEHS/NIH-DERT. NR 196 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 8 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD OCT PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 BP 972 EP 984 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.08.014 PG 13 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 028BA UT WOS:000310396600002 PM 22981845 ER PT J AU McConnell, ER McClain, MA Ross, J Lefew, WR Shafer, TJ AF McConnell, Emma R. McClain, Maxine A. Ross, James LeFew, William R. Shafer, Timothy J. TI Evaluation of multi-well microelectrode arrays for neurotoxicity screening using a chemical training set SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neurotoxicity; Training set; Screening, Microelectrode array; Cortical culture; Network function ID NETWORKS IN-VITRO; NEURONAL NETWORKS; MULTIELECTRODE ARRAYS; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; NEOCORTICAL NEURONS; CHANNEL; 21ST-CENTURY; MODULATION; MECHANISMS; IDENTIFICATION AB Microelectrode array (MEA) approaches have been proposed as a tool for detecting functional changes in electrically excitable cells, including neurons, exposed to drugs, chemicals or particles. However, conventional single well-MEA systems lack the throughput necessary for screening large numbers of uncharacterized compounds. Recently, multi-well MEA (mwMEA) formats have become available to address the need for increased throughput. The current experiments examined the effects of a training set of 30 chemicals on spontaneous activity in networks of cortical neurons grown on mwMEA plates. Each plate contained 12 wells with 64 microelectrodes/well, for a total of 768 channels. Of the 30 chemicals evaluated, 23 were known to alter neuronal function in vivo ("positives"), including 6 GABAergic and 3 glutamatergic antagonists/agonists, 4 pyrethroids, 3 metals, 2 cholinesterase inhibitors, 2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists, valproic acid, verapamil, and fluoxetine. Seven compounds expected to have no effect on neuronal function were tested as "negatives" (glyphosate, acetaminophen, salicylic acid, paraquat, saccharin, D-sorbitol and amoxicillin). Following collection of 33 min of baseline activity, chemical effects (50 mu M or highest soluble concentration) were recorded for 33 min. Twenty of the positives altered the mean network spike rate by more than the 14% threshold (two standard deviations from the mean for DMSO control). The three positives without effect were bifenthrin, nicotine and imidacloprid. None of the negative compounds caused a change in activity beyond the threshold. Based on these results, the mwMEA assay has both high sensitivity (87% identification of positive compounds) and specificity (100% identification of negative compounds). These experiments demonstrate the capacity of mwMEAs to screen compounds for neurotoxic effects mediated by a broad variety of mechanisms. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [LeFew, William R.; Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, NHEERL, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McConnell, Emma R.; McClain, Maxine A.; Ross, James] Axion Biosyst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shafer, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, NHEERL, ORD, MD B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Shafer.tim@epa.gov OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was conducted as part of a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between the US EPA Office of Research and Development and Axion Biosystems (CRADA 644-11). Preparation of this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This document has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 46 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 4 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD OCT PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 BP 1048 EP 1057 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.05.001 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 028BA UT WOS:000310396600009 PM 22652317 ER PT J AU Powell, MH Nguyen, HV Gilbert, M Parekh, M Colon-Perez, LM Mareci, TH Montie, E AF Powell, Michael H. Hao Van Nguyen Gilbert, Mary Parekh, Mansi Colon-Perez, Luis M. Mareci, Thomas H. Montie, Eric TI Magnetic resonance imaging and volumetric analysis: Novel tools to study the effects of thyroid hormone disruption on white matter development SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Myelination; White matter; Magnetic resonance imaging; Brain; Thyroid hormone ID BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; RATS; INSUFFICIENCY; THYROXINE; EXPOSURE; IMAGES; MODEL AB Humans and wildlife are exposed to environmental pollutants that have been shown to interfere with the thyroid hormone system and thus may affect brain development. Our goal was to expose pregnant rats to propylthiouracil (PTU) to measure the effects of a goitrogen on white matter development in offspring using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and volumetric analysis. We exposed pregnant Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to 3 or 10 ppm PTU from gestation day 7 (GD7) until postnatal day 25 (P25) to determine the effects on white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and hippocampus volumes in offspring. We sacrificed offspring at P25 but continued the life of some offspring to P90 to measure persistent effects in adult animals. P25 offspring exposed to 10 ppm PTU displayed lowered levels of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (14); cerebral WM, GM, and total brain volumes were significantly lower than the volumes in control animals. P90 adults exposed to 10 ppm PTU displayed normal T3 levels but lowered T4 levels; WM, GM, total brain, and hippocampal volumes were significantly lower than the volumes in control adults. Both P25 and P90 rats exposed to 10 ppm PTU displayed significant reductions in percent WM as well as heterotopias in the corpus callosum. Exposure to 3 ppm PTU did not produce any significant effects. These results suggest that MRI coupled with volumetric analysis is a powerful tool in assessing the effects of thyroid hormone disruption on white matter development and brain structure. This approach holds great promise in assessing neurotoxicity of xenobiotics in humans and wildlife. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Powell, Michael H.; Hao Van Nguyen; Montie, Eric] Univ S Carolina Beaufort, Dept Nat Sci, Bluffton, SC 29909 USA. [Gilbert, Mary] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Parekh, Mansi] Univ Florida, Dept Neurosci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Colon-Perez, Luis M.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Mareci, Thomas H.] Univ Florida, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Montie, E (reprint author), Univ S Carolina Beaufort, Dept Nat Sci, 1 Univ Blvd, Bluffton, SC 29909 USA. EM emontie@uscb.edu OI Colon-Perez, Luis/0000-0001-8918-2418 FU University Corporation of Atmospheric Research (UCAR) [NA06OAR4310119]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce; University of California Davis Wildlife Health Center; Marine Mammal Center; Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC); National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) of the National Institute of Health (NIH) [P20GM103499]; National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS) of the NIH [R01NS063360] FX The authors thank the staff of the animal facility at the All Children's Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida at the University of South Florida for their help in animal care, blood collection, brain fixation and removal, and Garrett Astary and William Triplett of the University of Florida for their assistance with MR imaging and data processing. We would also like to thank the following students from the University of South Carolina Beaufort for their help in segmentation of brain structures: Ilton Cubero, Justin LaFrance, Jessica Perrulli, and Kathleen Armstrong. We thank Drs. Karl Jensen and Shonagh O'Leary-Moore for their comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. MRI data were supported through the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and obtained at the Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Facility in the McKnight Brain Institute of the University of Florida. This study was supported under a Subaward with the University Corporation of Atmospheric Research (UCAR) under Grant No. NA06OAR4310119 (Training Tomorrow's Ecosystem and Public Health Leaders Using Marine Mammals as Sentinels of Oceanic Change) with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), US Department of Commerce. We also acknowledge the partners of this training grant: University of California Davis Wildlife Health Center, The Marine Mammal Center, and Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC). Additional funding was provided by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) grant no. P20GM103499 of the National Institute of Health (NIH), and the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (NINDS) grant no. R01NS063360 of the NIH. This document has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD OCT PY 2012 VL 33 IS 5 BP 1322 EP 1329 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.08.008 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 028BA UT WOS:000310396600038 PM 22975424 ER PT J AU Gustafson, WI Yu, SC AF Gustafson, William I., Jr. Yu, Shaocai TI Generalized approach for using unbiased symmetric metrics with negative values: normalized mean bias factor and normalized mean absolute error factor SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE unbiased symmetric metrics; bias; error; evaluation; factor; normalization AB Unbiased symmetric metrics provide a useful measure to quickly compare two datasets, with similar interpretations for both under and overestimations. Two examples include the normalized mean bias factor and normalized mean absolute error factor. However, the original formulations of these metrics are only valid for datasets with positive means. This article presents a methodology to use and interpret the metrics with datasets that have negative means. The updated formulations give identical results compared to the original formulations for the case of positive means, so researchers are encouraged to use the updated formulations going forward without introducing ambiguity. Copyright (c) 2012 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Gustafson, William I., Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Yu, Shaocai] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gustafson, WI (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, POB 999,MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM William.Gustafson@pnnl.gov RI Gustafson, William/A-7732-2008; yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014 OI Gustafson, William/0000-0001-9927-1393; FU US DOE at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) [DE-AC06-76RLO1830]; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors wish to thank Elaine Chapman for her insight and assistance improving this manuscript. The contribution of Dr W. I. G. to this work was supported by a US DOE Early Career Research grant to him at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO1830. PNNL is operated for the US DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute. The contribution of Dr S. Y. was funded and managed by the US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. The authors also want to thank Dr Dessler for his help in obtaining the data used in Figure 2. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1530-261X J9 ATMOS SCI LETT JI Atmos. Sci. Lett. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 4 BP 262 EP 267 DI 10.1002/asl.393 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 023VY UT WOS:000310066300006 ER PT J AU Brodie, B Pokharel, Y Garg, A Kissling, G Hansen, C Milks, S Cooper, M McAlhany, C Stuckey, T AF Brodie, Bruce Pokharel, Yashashwi Garg, Ankit Kissling, Grace Hansen, Charles Milks, Sally Cooper, Michael McAlhany, Christopher Stuckey, Tom TI Predictors of Early, Late, and Very Late Stent Thrombosis After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Bare-Metal and Drug-Eluting Stents for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction SO JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS LA English DT Article DE predictors stent thrombosis; primary PCI; STEMI; stent thrombosis ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FOLLOW-UP; CLINICAL-PRACTICE; ANGIOPLASTY; OUTCOMES; MULTICENTER; CLOPIDOGREL; REGISTRY; RISK AB Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and predictors of stent thrombosis (ST) after stenting for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Background Stent thrombosis remains a major concern with STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods Consecutive patients (N = 1,640) undergoing stenting for STEMI were prospectively enrolled in our database and followed for 1 to 15 years. Bare-metal stents were implanted from 1995 to 2002, and drug-eluting and bare-metal stents were implanted from 2003 to 2009. Stent thrombosis was defined as definite or probable. Results Our population had a high risk profile, including a high incidence of Killip class III to IV (11.5%) and STEMI due to ST (10.2%). Stent thrombosis occurred in 124 patients, including 42 with early ST (0 to 30 days), 35 with late ST (31 days to 1 year), and 47 with very late ST (>1 year). The frequency of ST was 2.7% at 30 days, 5.2% at 1 year, and 8.3% at 5 years. Independent predictors of early or late ST were STEMI due to ST (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.27 to 8.45), small stent size (HR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.49 to 4.00), Killip class III to IV (HR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.30 to 4.40), and reperfusion time <= 2 h (HR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.03 to 4.24). Drug-eluting stent was the only independent predictor of very late ST (HR: 3.73, 95% CI: 1.81 to 7.88). Conclusions Stent thrombosis after primary percutaneous coronary intervention is relatively frequent and continues to increase out to 5 years. New strategies are needed to prevent ST in STEMI patients, and targeted therapies are needed in patients identified at highest risk. (J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2012;5:1043-51) (c) 2012 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation C1 [Brodie, Bruce; Pokharel, Yashashwi; Garg, Ankit; Hansen, Charles] LeBauer Cardiovasc Res Fdn, Moses H Cone Mem Hosp, Internal Med Residency Program, Greensboro, NC 27408 USA. [Kissling, Grace] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Brodie, B (reprint author), LeBauer Cardiovasc Res Fdn, Moses H Cone Mem Hosp, Internal Med Residency Program, 313 Meadowbrook Terrace, Greensboro, NC 27408 USA. EM bbrodie89@gmail.com FU LeBauer Charitable Research Foundation; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01ES045005] FX From *The LeBauer Cardiovascular Research Foundation, Greensboro, North Carolina; dagger Internal Medicine Residency Program, Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital, Greensboro, North Carolina; and the double dagger National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. This study was supported by an unrestricted grant from the LeBauer Charitable Research Foundation and by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES045005). Dr. Brodie has served on the Speakers' Bureau for the Medicines Company and Medrad/Possis. Dr. Stuckey has served as consultant to and on the Speakers' Bureau and on the Advisory Board for Boston Scientific Corporation. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose. NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-8798 J9 JACC-CARDIOVASC INTE JI JACC-Cardiovasc. Interv. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1043 EP 1051 DI 10.1016/j.jcin.2012.06.013 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 025NY UT WOS:000310197800010 PM 23078734 ER PT J AU Martin, TM Harten, P Young, DM Muratov, EN Golbraikh, A Zhu, H Tropsha, A AF Martin, Todd M. Harten, Paul Young, Douglas M. Muratov, Eugene N. Golbraikh, Alexander Zhu, Hao Tropsha, Alexander TI Does Rational Selection of Training and Test Sets Improve the Outcome of QSAR Modeling? SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING LA English DT Article ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; SIMPLEX REPRESENTATION; TETRAHYMENA-PYRIFORMIS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ACUTE TOXICITY; PREDICTION; DESIGN; CLASSIFICATION AB Prior to using a quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model for external predictions, its predictive power should be established and validated. In the absence of a true external data set, the best way to validate the predictive ability of a model is to perform its statistical external validation. In statistical external validation, the overall data set is divided into training and test sets. Commonly, this splitting is performed using random division. Rational splitting methods can divide data sets into training and test sets in an intelligent fashion. The purpose of this study was to determine whether rational division methods lead to more predictive models compared to random division. A special data splitting procedure was used to facilitate the comparison between random and rational division methods. For each toxicity end point, the overall data set was divided into a modeling set (80% of the overall set) and an external evaluation set (20% of the overall set) using random division. The modeling set was then subdivided into a training set (80% of the modeling set) and a test set (20% of the modeling set) using rational division methods and by using random division. The Kennard-Stone, minimal test set dissimilarity, and sphere exclusion algorithms were used as the rational division methods. The hierarchical clustering, random forest, and k-nearest neighbor (kNN) methods were used to develop QSAR models based on the training sets. For kNN QSAR, multiple training and test sets were generated, and multiple QSAR models were built. The results of this study indicate that models based on rational division methods generate better statistical results for the test sets than models based on random division, but the predictive power of both types of models are comparable. C1 [Martin, Todd M.; Harten, Paul; Young, Douglas M.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Muratov, Eugene N.; Golbraikh, Alexander; Tropsha, Alexander] Univ N Carolina, Lab Mol Modeling, Div Med Chem & Nat Prod, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Muratov, Eugene N.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Lab Theoret Chem, Dept Mol Struct, AV Bogatsky Phys Chem Inst, UA-65080 Odessa, Ukraine. [Zhu, Hao] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem, Camden, NJ 08102 USA. [Zhu, Hao] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Computat & Integrat Biol, Camden, NJ 08102 USA. RP Martin, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM martin.todd@epa.gov RI Muratov, Eugene/C-4454-2014; Tropsha, Alexander/G-6245-2014 OI Muratov, Eugene/0000-0003-4616-7036; NR 53 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9596 J9 J CHEM INF MODEL JI J. Chem Inf. Model. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 52 IS 10 BP 2570 EP 2578 DI 10.1021/ci300338w PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 023OH UT WOS:000310043800009 PM 23030316 ER PT J AU Barnard, HR Brooks, JR Bond, BJ AF Barnard, H. R. Brooks, J. R. Bond, B. J. TI Applying the dual-isotope conceptual model to interpret physiological trends under uncontrolled conditions SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE crown dominance; Douglas-fir; relative humidity; stable isotopes; stomatal conductance; tree rings; water-use efficiency ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; TREE-RING CELLULOSE; DOUGLAS-FIR TREES; AGE-RELATED DECLINE; CARBON-ISOTOPE; STABLE OXYGEN; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; LEAF WATER; PSEUDOTSUGA-MENZIESII; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE AB The inter-relationships among delta C-13 and delta O-18 in tree ring cellulose and ring width have the potential to illuminate long-term physiological and environmental information in forest stands that have not been monitored. We examine how within-stand competition and environmental gradients affect ring widths and the stable isotopes of cellulose. We utilize a natural climate gradient across a catchment dominated by Douglas-fir and temporal changes in climate over an 8-year period. We apply a dual-isotope approach to infer physiological response of trees in differing crown dominance classes to temporal and spatial changes in environmental conditions using a qualitative conceptual model of the C-13-O-18 relationship and by normalizing the data to minimize other variance. The delta C-13 and delta O-18 of cellulose were correlated with year-to-year variation in relative humidity and consistent with current isotope theory. Using a qualitative conceptual model of the C-13-O-18 relationship and physiological knowledge about the species, we interpreted these changes as stomatal conductance responses to evaporative demand. Spatial variance between plots was not strong and seemed related to leaf nitrogen rather than any other environmental variable. Dominant trees responded to environmental gradients more consistently with current isotope theory as compared with other classes within the same stand. We found a correlation of stable isotopes with environmental variables is useful for assessing the impacts of environmental change over short time series and where growth varies only minimally with climate. C1 [Barnard, H. R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Brooks, J. R.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, NHEERL, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Barnard, H. R.; Bond, B. J.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Barnard, HR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM holly.barnard@colorado.edu OI Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774 FU Oregon State University Institute for Water and Watersheds; American Geophysical Union Horton Research Grant; Ford Foundation Fellowships Office; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was supported by the Oregon State University Institute for Water and Watersheds, the American Geophysical Union Horton Research Grant, the Ford Foundation Fellowships Office and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 112 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 66 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1183 EP 1198 DI 10.1093/treephys/tps078 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 025DB UT WOS:000310163900002 PM 22989739 ER PT J AU Boekelheide, K Blumberg, B Chapin, RE Cote, I Graziano, JH Janesick, A Lane, R Lillycrop, K Myatt, L States, JC Thayer, KA Waalkes, MP Rogers, JM AF Boekelheide, Kim Blumberg, Bruce Chapin, Robert E. Cote, Ila Graziano, Joseph H. Janesick, Amanda Lane, Robert Lillycrop, Karen Myatt, Leslie States, J. Christopher Thayer, Kristina A. Waalkes, Michael P. Rogers, John M. TI Predicting Later-Life Outcomes of Early-Life Exposures SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE arsenic; development; epigenetics; exposure; fetal; malnutrition; obesogen; PPAR ID INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; MATERNAL PROTEIN RESTRICTION; FETAL ORIGINS HYPOTHESIS; LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; DNA METHYLATION; DUTCH FAMINE AB BACKGROUND: In utero exposure of the fetus to a stressor can lead to disease in later life. Epigenetic mechanisms are likely mediators of later-life expression of early-life events. OBJECTIVES: We examined the current state of understanding of later-life diseases resulting from early-life exposures in order to identify in utero and postnatal indicators of later-life diseases, develop an agenda for future research, and consider the risk assessment implications of this emerging knowledge. METHODS: This review was developed based on our participation in a National Research Council workshop titled "Use of in Utero and Postnatal Indicators to Predict Health Outcomes Later in Life: State of the Science and Research Recommendations." We used a case study approach to highlight the later-life consequences of early-life malnutrition and arsenic exposure. DISCUSSION: The environmental sensitivity of the epigenome is viewed as an adaptive mechanism by which the developing organism adjusts its metabolic and homeostatic systems to suit the anticipated extrauterine environment. Inappropriate adaptation may produce a mismatch resulting in subsequent increased susceptibility to disease. A nutritional mismatch between the prenatal and postnatal environments, or early-life obesogen exposure, may explain at least some of the recent rapid increases in the rates of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Early-life arsenic exposure is also associated with later-life diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. CONCLUSIONS: With mounting evidence connecting early-life exposures and later-life disease, new strategies are needed to incorporate this emerging knowledge into health protective practices. C1 [Boekelheide, Kim] Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Div Biol & Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Blumberg, Bruce; Janesick, Amanda] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Dev & Cell Biol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Blumberg, Bruce; Janesick, Amanda] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Irvine, CA USA. [Chapin, Robert E.] Pfizer Global Res & Dev, Dev & Reprod Toxicol Ctr Expertise Drug Safety Re, Groton, CT USA. [Cote, Ila] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Graziano, Joseph H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Lane, Robert] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dev Origins Hlth Labs, Div Neonatol,Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Lillycrop, Karen] Univ Southampton, Ctr Biol Sci, Inst Dev Sci, Southampton, Hants, England. [Myatt, Leslie] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [States, J. Christopher] Univ Louisville, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Thayer, Kristina A.; Waalkes, Michael P.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Rogers, John M.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Boekelheide, K (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Div Biol & Med, Box G-E5, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM kim_boekelheide@brown.edu OI Chapin, Robert/0000-0002-5997-1261 FU National Institutes of Health [P20ES018169]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD-83459401-1] FX Publication was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (P20ES018169) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (RD-83459401-1) to the Brown University Formative Center for the Evaluation of Environmental Impacts on Fetal Development. NR 137 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 77 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 120 IS 10 BP 1353 EP 1361 DI 10.1289/ehp.1204934 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 018US UT WOS:000309692600015 PM 22672778 ER PT J AU Berman, JD Fann, N Hollingsworth, JW Pinkerton, KE Rom, WN Szema, AM Breysse, PN White, RH Curriero, FC AF Berman, Jesse D. Fann, Neal Hollingsworth, John W. Pinkerton, Kent E. Rom, William N. Szema, Anthony M. Breysse, Patrick N. White, Ronald H. Curriero, Frank C. TI Health Benefits from Large-Scale Ozone Reduction in the United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE health benefits; health impact assessment; ozone; standards ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; SCHOOL ABSENTEEISM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TIME-SERIES; MORTALITY; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION; METAANALYSIS AB BACKGROUND: Exposure to ozone has been associated with adverse health effects, including premature mortality and cardiopulmonary and respiratory morbidity. In 2008, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lowered the primary (health-based) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone to 75 ppb, expressed as the fourth-highest daily maximum 8-hr average over a 24-hr period. Based on recent monitoring data, U.S. ozone levels still exceed this standard in numerous locations, resulting in avoidable adverse health consequences. OBJECTIVES: We sought to quantify the potential human health benefits from achieving the current primary NAAQS standard of 75 ppb and two alternative standard levels, 70 and 60 ppb, which represent the range recommended by the U.S. EPA Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC). METHODS: We applied health impact assessment methodology to estimate numbers of deaths and other adverse health outcomes that would have been avoided during 2005, 2006, and 2007 if the current (or lower) NAAQS ozone standards had been met. Estimated reductions in ozone concentrations were interpolated according to geographic area and year, and concentration response functions were obtained or derived from the epidemiological literature. RESULTS: We estimated that annual numbers of avoided ozone-related premature deaths would have ranged from 1,410 to 2,480 at 75 ppb to 2,450 to 4,130 at 70 ppb, and 5,210 to 7,990 at 60 ppb. Acute respiratory symptoms would have been reduced by 3 million cases and school-loss days by 1 million cases annually if the current 75-ppb standard had been attained. Substantially greater health benefits would have resulted if the CASAC-recommended range of standards (70-60 ppb) had been met. CONCLUSIONS: Attaining a more stringent primary ozone standard would significantly reduce ozone-related premature mortality and morbidity. C1 [Curriero, Frank C.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Fann, Neal] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hollingsworth, John W.; Pinkerton, Kent E.; Rom, William N.; Szema, Anthony M.] Amer Thorac Soc, Environm Hlth Policy Comm, Washington, DC USA. [White, Ronald H.] RH White Consultants LLC, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Curriero, FC (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM fcurrier@jhsph.edu OI Fann, Neal/0000-0002-6724-8575 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Education and Research Center for Occupational Safety and Health; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD83241701]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES03819]; National Institutes of Health [ES016126] FX J.D.B. was supported by a training grant from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Education and Research Center for Occupational Safety and Health and in part by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) grant RD83241701. The American Thoracic Society provided some research guidance and financial support for J.D.B. Salary support for F.C.C. and P.N.B. was provided in part by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant ES03819 and for J.W.H. in part by National Institutes of Health grant ES016126. NR 48 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 36 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 120 IS 10 BP 1404 EP 1410 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104851 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 018US UT WOS:000309692600022 PM 22809899 ER PT J AU Bauer, RN Diaz-Sanchez, D Jaspers, I AF Bauer, Rebecca N. Diaz-Sanchez, David Jaspers, Ilona TI Airborne particulate matter-associated endotoxin and proinflammatory responses Reply SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID IN-VITRO; INNATE; SIZE C1 [Bauer, Rebecca N.; Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bauer, RN (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM ilona_jaspers@med.unc.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 130 IS 4 BP 1012 EP 1013 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.07.034 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 017MT UT WOS:000309594800036 ER PT J AU Caldwell, JC AF Caldwell, Jane C. TI DEHP: Genotoxicity and potential carcinogenic mechanisms-A review SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Genotoxicity; Epigenetics; Carcinogenicity; DEHP; di(ethylhexyl) phthalate ID ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; HAMSTER-EMBRYO CELLS; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE DEHP; JUNCTIONAL INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY ASSAY; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; UPPER AERODIGESTIVE TRACT; DEUTERIUM-LABELED DEHP; FEMALE B6C3F1 MICE; LIVER DNA INVIVO AB Di(ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a manufactured chemical commonly added to plastics: it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant to which humans are exposed through multiple routes. DEHP is a rodent carcinogen with an extensive data base on genotoxicity and related effects spanning several decades. Although DEHP has been reported to be negative in most non-mammalian in vitro mutation assays, most studies were performed under conditions of concurrent cytotoxicity, precipitation, or irrelevant metabolic activation. However, a number of in vitro rodent tissue assays have reported DEHP to be positive for effects on chromosomes, spindle, and mitosis. A robust database shows that DEHP increases transformation and inhibits apoptosis in Syrian hamster embryo cells. In a transgenic mouse assay, in vivo DEHP exposure increased the mutation frequency only in the liver, which is the target organ for cancer. In vitro exposure of human Cells or tissues to DEHP induced DNA damage; altered mitotic rate, apoptosis, and cell proliferation; increased proliferation, tumor mobility, and invasiveness of tumor cell lines; and activated a number of nuclear receptors. DEHP has been shown to be an agonist for CAR2, a novel constitutive androstane receptor occurring only in humans. Environmental exposures of humans to DEHP have been associated with DNA damage. After taking into account study context and relevant issues affecting interpretation, in vitro studies reported that a similar DEHP concentration range induced both mutagenic and non-mutagenic effects in human tissues and, using a much more limited rodent database, transformation of embryonic rodent tissues. The human and rodent data suggest that DEHP induces cancer through multiple molecular signals, including DNA damage. The analyses presented here may provide guidance for similar data sets used in structure-activity relationships, computational-toxicology extrapolations, and attempts to extrapolate in vitro results to predict in vivo effects for hazard characterization. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Caldwell, Jane C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Caldwell, JC (reprint author), 821 Bluestone Rd, Durham, NC 27713 USA. EM Caldwell.jane@epa.gov NR 215 TC 38 Z9 47 U1 9 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5742 EI 1388-2139 J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res. PD OCT-DEC PY 2012 VL 751 IS 2 BP 82 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.03.001 PG 76 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 017UW UT WOS:000309617500002 PM 22484601 ER PT J AU Taft, SC Hines, SA AF Taft, Sarah C. Hines, Stephanie A. TI Benchmark Dose Analysis for Bacillus anthracis Inhalation Exposures in the Nonhuman Primate SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; dose-response modeling; microbial risk assessment; nonhuman primate ID RESPONSE MODELS; RHESUS-MONKEY; PATHOLOGY; SPORES; RISK; MORTALITY AB There is considerable variability in the published lethality values for inhalation exposures of Bacillus anthracis. The lack of consensus on an acceptable dose-response relationship poses a significant challenge in the development of risk-based management approaches for use following a terrorist release of B. anthracis spores. This article reviewed available B. anthracis dose-response modeling and literature for the nonhuman primate, evaluated the use of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Benchmark Dose Software (BMDS) to fit mathematical dose-response models to these data, and reported results of the benchmark dose analysis of suitable data sets. The BMDS was found to be a useful tool to evaluate dose-response relationships in microbial data, including that from B. anthracis exposure. An evaluation of the sources of variability identified in the published lethality data and the corresponding BMDS-derived lethality values found that varying levels of physical characterization of the spore product, differing receptor-specific exposure assumptions, choice of dose metrics, and the selected statistical methods all contributed to differences in lethality estimates. Recognition of these contributors to variability could ultimately facilitate agreement on a B. anthracis dose-response relationship through provision of a common description of necessary study considerations for acceptable dose-response data sets. C1 [Taft, Sarah C.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hines, Stephanie A.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Taft, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS NG 16, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM taft.sarah@epa.gov FU Brandolyn Thran and Robyn Lee (U.S. Army Public Health Command); Patrick Gurian and Jade Mitchell-Blackwood (Drexel University) FX This article has been reviewed by the Agency but does not necessarily reflect the Agency's views. No official endorsement should be inferred. The authors would like to thank the Defense Intelligence Agency and the U.S. Army Public Health Command for use of the dose-response data. The authors would also wish to acknowledge the support of Brandolyn Thran and Robyn Lee (U.S. Army Public Health Command); and Patrick Gurian and Jade Mitchell-Blackwood (Drexel University). Additionally, the authors thank the following U.S. Environmental Protection Agency researchers for their reviews: Tonya Nichols, Jeff Gift, Eletha Brady-Roberts, Deborah McKean, Harlal Choudhury, and Femi Adeshina. In particular, the authors thank Dr. Gift for statistical assistance provided for model selection and evaluation during the course of the project. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1750 EP 1768 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01808.x PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 015OX UT WOS:000309456900012 PM 22469218 ER PT J AU Yeatts, SD Gennings, C Crofton, KM AF Yeatts, Sharon D. Gennings, Chris Crofton, Kevin M. TI Optimal Design for the Precise Estimation of an Interaction Threshold: The Impact of Exposure to a Mixture of 18 Polyhalogenated Aromatic Hydrocarbons SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Dose-dependent interaction; implicit differentiation; implicit models; optimal design; synergy ID CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TOXICOLOGY; COMBINATION AB Traditional additivity models provide little flexibility in modeling the doseresponse relationships of the single agents in a mixture. While the flexible single chemical required (FSCR) methods allow greater flexibility, its implicit nature is an obstacle in the formation of the parameter covariance matrix, which forms the basis for many statistical optimality design criteria. The goal of this effort is to develop a method for constructing the parameter covariance matrix for the FSCR models, so that (local) alphabetic optimality criteria can be applied. Data from Crofton et al. are provided as motivation; in an experiment designed to determine the effect of 18 polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons on serum total thyroxine (T4), the interaction among the chemicals was statistically significant. Gennings et al. fit the FSCR interaction threshold model to the data. The resulting estimate of the interaction threshold was positive and within the observed dose region, providing evidence of a dose-dependent interaction. However, the corresponding likelihood-ratio-based confidence interval was wide and included zero. In order to more precisely estimate the location of the interaction threshold, supplemental data are required. Using the available data as the first stage, the Ds-optimal second-stage design criterion was applied to minimize the variance of the hypothesized interaction threshold. Practical concerns associated with the resulting design are discussed and addressed using the penalized optimality criterion. Results demonstrate that the penalized Ds-optimal second-stage design can be used to more precisely define the interaction threshold while maintaining the characteristics deemed important in practice. C1 [Yeatts, Sharon D.] Med Univ S Carolina, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Gennings, Chris] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA USA. [Gennings, Chris] Solveritas LLC, Richmond, VA USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Yeatts, SD (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Dept Med, 135 Cannon St,Suite 303,POB 250835, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM yeatts@musc.edu RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [T32 007334] FX The research presented in this article was supported in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health grant T32 007334 (SDY). The authors thank the anonymous referees for their helpful comments on the earlier version of this manuscript. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1784 EP 1797 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01834.x PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 015OX UT WOS:000309456900014 PM 22640366 ER PT J AU Sacks, JD Ito, K Wilson, WE Neas, LM AF Sacks, Jason D. Ito, Kazuhiko Wilson, William E. Neas, Lucas M. TI Impact of Covariate Models on the Assessment of the Air Pollution-Mortality Association in a Single- and Multipollutant Context SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; dimension reduction; mortality; multipollutant; time series ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; US CITIES; NATIONAL MORBIDITY; UNITED-STATES; TIME-SERIES; HEALTH; PM2.5; COMMUNITIES; TEMPERATURE; POLLUTANTS AB With the advent of multicity studies, uniform statistical approaches have been developed to examine air pollution-mortality associations across cities. To assess the sensitivity of the air pollution-mortality association to different model specifications in a single and multipollutant context, the authors applied various regression models developed in previous multicity time-series studies of air pollution and mortality to data from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (May 1992September 1995). Single-pollutant analyses used daily cardiovascular mortality, fine particulate matter (particles with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 m; PM2.5), speciated PM2.5, and gaseous pollutant data, while multipollutant analyses used source factors identified through principal component analysis. In single-pollutant analyses, risk estimates were relatively consistent across models for most PM2.5 components and gaseous pollutants. However, risk estimates were inconsistent for ozone in all-year and warm-season analyses. Principal component analysis yielded factors with species associated with traffic, crustal material, residual oil, and coal. Risk estimates for these factors exhibited less sensitivity to alternative regression models compared with single-pollutant models. Factors associated with traffic and crustal material showed consistently positive associations in the warm season, while the coal combustion factor showed consistently positive associations in the cold season. Overall, mortality risk estimates examined using a source-oriented approach yielded more stable and precise risk estimates, compared with single-pollutant analyses. C1 [Sacks, Jason D.; Wilson, William E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ito, Kazuhiko] NYU, Sch Med, Nelson Inst Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA. [Neas, Lucas M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sacks, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Mailcode B-243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sacks.jason@epamail.epa.gov RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012 FU US Environmental Protection Agency; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Engineering; New York University National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Center [ES00260] FX This work was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Additional funding was provided by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Engineering and the New York University National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Center (grant ES00260). NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 176 IS 7 BP 622 EP 634 DI 10.1093/aje/kws135 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 014YH UT WOS:000309411400008 PM 22984096 ER PT J AU Van Emon, JM Chuang, JC AF Van Emon, Jeanette M. Chuang, Jane C. TI Development of a simultaneous extraction and cleanup method for pyrethroid pesticides from indoor house dust samples SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Pyrethroid pesticides; Selective pressurized liquid extraction; SPLE; GC/MS; Indoor sampling; Dust ID ACCELERATED SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; DAY-CARE-CENTERS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PRESSURIZED LIQUID EXTRACTION; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; FEED SAMPLES; INSECTICIDES; PERMETHRIN; HOMES AB An efficient and reliable analytical method was developed for the sensitive and selective quantification of pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs) in house dust samples. The method is based on selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) of the dust-bound PYRs into dichloromethane (DCM) with analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Various adsorbents and combinations of extraction solvents and temperatures were evaluated to achieve a high-throughput sample preparation that eliminates the post-extraction cleanup step. The final method used sulfuric acid-impregnated silica (acid silica) and neutral silica together in the extraction cell with the dust sample to provide both extraction and cleanup simultaneously. The optimal ratio of dust/acid silica/silica was 1:0.8:8. The extraction was performed at 2000 psi, at 100 degrees C with DCM for 5 min in three cycles. Method precision and accuracy were evaluated by the analysis of triplicate aliquots of the dust samples and the samples fortified with the target PYRs. The accuracy measured as the recoveries of the PYRs in the fortified samples ranged from 85% to 120%. The precision measured as the relative standard deviation of replicate samples was within +/- 25%. The SPLE method was applied to 20 house dust samples collected from households that participated in two field studies regarding exposures to pesticides and other pollutants. Similar concentrations of target PYRs were obtained for the SPLE and a stepwise extraction/cleanup procedure. The SPLE procedure reduces organic solvent consumption and increases the sample throughput when compared with a traditional stepwise extraction and cleanup procedure. This study demonstrates that the SPLE procedure can be applied to complex dust matrices for analysis of PYRs for large scale exposure or environmental monitoring studies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Van Emon, Jeanette M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Van Emon, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM vanemon.jeanette@epa.gov; ccjane20@hotmail.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-W-09-24] FX We would like to thank James Starr of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory for providing us with the vacuum bag house dust samples. We thank Margaret Tefft and Eiko Weller of Battelle for sample preparation and analysis. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract #EP-W-09-24. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 9 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 745 BP 38 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.aca.2012.07.031 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 007QJ UT WOS:000308902900005 PM 22938604 ER PT J AU Converse, RR Wymer, LJ Dufour, AP Wade, TJ AF Converse, Reagan R. Wymer, Larry J. Dufour, Alfred P. Wade, Timothy J. TI Comparison of the Multiple-Sample Means with Composite Sample Results for Fecal Indicator Bacteria by Quantitative PCR and Culture SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECREATIONAL WATER-QUALITY; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MARINE BEACHES; ILLNESS AB Few studies have addressed the efficacy of composite sampling for measuring indicator bacteria by quantitative PCR (qPCR). We compared results from composited samples with multiple-sample means for culture-and qPCR-based water quality monitoring. Results from composited samples for both methods were similarly correlated to multiple- sample means and predicted criteria exceedances equally. C1 [Converse, Reagan R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Converse, Reagan R.; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wymer, Larry J.; Dufour, Alfred P.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Converse, RR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM converse.reagan@epa.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 78 IS 19 BP 7166 EP 7169 DI 10.1128/AEM.01662-12 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 005KM UT WOS:000308749300053 PM 22865067 ER PT J AU Staley, C Gordon, KV Schoen, ME Harwood, VJ AF Staley, Christopher Gordon, Katrina V. Schoen, Mary E. Harwood, Valerie J. TI Performance of Two Quantitative PCR Methods for Microbial Source Tracking of Human Sewage and Implications for Microbial Risk Assessment in Recreational Waters SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; GENETIC-MARKERS; ENVIRONMENTAL WATERS; FRESH-WATER; JC-VIRUS; BK-VIRUS; POLLUTION AB Before new, rapid quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods for assessment of recreational water quality and microbial source tracking (MST) can be useful in a regulatory context, an understanding of the ability of the method to detect a DNA target (marker) when the contaminant source has been diluted in environmental waters is needed. This study determined the limits of detection and quantification of the human-associated Bacteraides sp. (HF183) and human polyomavirus (HPyV) qPCR methods for sewage diluted in buffer and in five ambient, Florida water types (estuarine, marine, tannic, lake, and river). HF183 was quantifiable in sewage diluted up to 10(-6) in 500-ml ambient-water samples, but HPyVs were not quantifiable in dilutions of >10(-4). Specificity, which was assessed using fecal composites from dogs, birds, and cattle, was 100% for HPyVs and 81% for HF183. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) estimated the possible norovirus levels in sewage and the human health risk at various sewage dilutions. When juxtaposed with the MST marker detection limits, the QMRA analysis revealed that HF183 was detectable when the modeled risk of gastrointestinal (GI) illness was at or below the benchmark of 10 illnesses per 1,000 exposures, but the HPyV method was generally not sensitive enough to detect potential health risks at the 0.01 threshold for frequency of illness. The tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity in the MST methods indicates that HF183 data should be interpreted judiciously, preferably in conjunction with a more host-specific marker, and that better methods of concentrating HPyVs from environmental waters are needed if this method is to be useful in a watershed management or monitoring context. C1 [Staley, Christopher; Gordon, Katrina V.; Harwood, Valerie J.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Schoen, Mary E.] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Harwood, VJ (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM vharwood@cas.usf.edu FU Water Environment Research Foundation [PATH3C09]; Florida Stormwater Association; Florida Department of Environmental Protection FX The funding for this work was provided by the Water Environment Research Foundation (PATH3C09), the Florida Stormwater Association, and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. NR 58 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 4 U2 36 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 78 IS 20 BP 7317 EP 7326 DI 10.1128/AEM.01430-12 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 013TL UT WOS:000309328700017 PM 22885746 ER PT J AU Sikdar, SK Sengupta, D Harten, P AF Sikdar, Subhas K. Sengupta, Debalina Harten, Paul TI More on aggregating multiple indicators into a single index for sustainability analyses SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Comparative sustainability; Sustainability indicators; Index for sustainability; Metrics aggregation AB Sustainability analyses of systems are successful when one can ascertain unambiguous overall superiority of a state of a system compared to alternative states. These alternative states can be system conditions over time intervals, or alternative products or processes for the same function or market application. In such analyses, indicators or metrics that satisfactorily characterize the system can be used to obtain an aggregate index for easy decision making. Previously, the geometric mean of the ratios of the applied indicators was demonstrated to be useful in showing superior or inferior status of any specific state of the system compared to a chosen reference state. This multidimensional index D, in a pairwise comparison, however, does not work if any indicator can assume the value of zero, infinity, or negative numbers. The present work shows that by shifting the multidimensional reference point, this difficulty can be easily avoided. In addition, this technique of shifting the reference point also has been shown to work when the standard multidimensional Euclidean distance, i.e., the square root of the sum of the squares of the differences of the indicator values, appropriately normalized, is used to differentiate among competing alternatives for determining comparative sustainability. Two sets of data, one on fender designs for automobiles, and the other on alternate means of treating automotive shredder residues, were used to illustrate the application of the indicator integration. C1 [Sikdar, Subhas K.; Sengupta, Debalina; Harten, Paul] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sikdar, SK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W ML King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sikdar.subhas@epa.gov FU Office of Research and Development of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was supported by the Office of Research and Development of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 7 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 14 IS 5 BP 765 EP 773 DI 10.1007/s10098-012-0520-3 PG 9 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015VD UT WOS:000309473600002 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Mejia, AM Eason, T Cabezas, H Suidan, MT AF Gonzalez-Mejia, Alejandra M. Eason, Tarsha Cabezas, Heriberto Suidan, Makram T. TI Computing and interpreting Fisher Information as a metric of sustainability: regime changes in the United States air quality SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article DE Fisher Information; Sustainability (index, metric); System dynamics; US air quality ID ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; INDEXES AB As a key tool in information theory, Fisher Information has been used to explore the observable behavior of a variety of systems. In particular, recent work has demonstrated its ability to assess the dynamic order of real and model systems. However, in order to solidify the use of this metric for measuring sustainability, it is pertinent that Fisher Information be understood both conceptually and practically. As such, this document has been developed as a guide for interpreting Fisher Information as sustainability metric. Moreover, this study provides details on an analytical and numerical approach to estimating Fisher information based on the evaluation of changes in the system's trajectory for determining stable and unstable regimes in real systems, which might represent sustainable or unsustainable systems. Using this novel approach, the sustainability of US air quality characterized by criteria pollutants (i.e., lead, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide) was assessed from 1980 to 2009. Further, the precision of Fisher Information computations was examined, thereby establishing an alternative procedure for evaluating real systems characterized by noisy and sparse datasets. Throughout this article, the reader is led through the analysis of Fisher Information results with the goal of both providing guidance on the interpretation of Fisher Information and giving a more tactile understanding of the results applied to sustainability assessment. C1 [Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut, Lebanon. [Gonzalez-Mejia, Alejandra M.; Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Environm Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Eason, Tarsha; Cabezas, Heriberto] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Bechtel Engn Bldg, Beirut, Lebanon. EM gonzalai@mail.uc.edu; eason.tarsha@epa.gov; cabezas.heriberto@epa.gov; makram.suidan@uc.edu NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD OCT PY 2012 VL 14 IS 5 BP 775 EP 788 DI 10.1007/s10098-011-0445-2 PG 14 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015VD UT WOS:000309473600003 ER PT J AU Maynard, JJ Dahlgren, RA O'Geen, AT AF Maynard, Jonathan J. Dahlgren, Randy A. O'Geen, Anthony T. TI Quantifying spatial variability and biogeochemical controls of ecosystem metabolism in a eutrophic flow-through wetland SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Aquatic metabolism; Spatial variability; Constructed wetlands; Primary productivity; Eutrophication; Water quality ID FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; RECEIVING AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF; CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; AQUATIC METABOLISM; ORGANIC-CARBON; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; COMMUNITY METABOLISM; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; STREAM METABOLISM; NATURAL-WATERS AB Wetlands are highly dynamic ecosystems that exhibit large temporal and spatial gradients in biogeochemical and metabolic processes. While previous studies have documented temporal variability of wetland metabolism, very little is known regarding how wetland metabolism varies spatially. This is particularly relevant for constructed flow-through wetlands used to treat agricultural runoff due to growing concern over the potential for these systems to act as incubators of biological oxygen demanding (BOD) substances (i.e., algal biomass) and contributors to downstream hypoxia. This study employed a spatially explicit characterization of wetland water column properties using multiparameter water quality sondes, thus allowing the calculation of wetland metabolism across a range of spatial scales (meters to 100 s of meters). This study documented a high degree of spatial variability in metabolic rates within the wetland, with average gross primary productivity (GPP) ranging from 6.41 to 13.69 g O-2 m(-2) d(-1), community respiration (CR) ranging from 4.85 to 9.79 g O-2 m(-2) d(-1), and net ecosystem production (NEP) ranging from 0.35 to 2.42 g O-2 m(-2) d(-1). Linkages between metabolic rates and environmental controls were quantified using a spatial/temporal statistical approach. Five key environmental parameters (turbidity, dissolved reactive phosphorus, ammonium, electrical conductivity, and temperature) were found to correlate with ecosystem metabolism. Results from this study show that despite high rates of primary productivity, high respiration rates limited NEP in this wetland due to high heterotrophic activity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Maynard, Jonathan J.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Dahlgren, Randy A.; O'Geen, Anthony T.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Maynard, JJ (reprint author), US EPA, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM maynard.jonathan@epa.gov FU California State Water Resources Control Board; Kearney Foundation of Soil Science FX Funding for this project was provided through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board and the Kearney Foundation of Soil Science. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the US Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board or the US Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We would like to thank Mickey Saso for his cooperation and support. We would also like to thank James Chang and Jiayou Deng for help with field sampling and laboratory analysis. NR 78 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 47 BP 221 EP 236 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.06.032 PG 16 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 015GE UT WOS:000309433600031 ER PT J AU De Graff, JV Sidle, RC Ahmad, R Scatena, FN AF De Graff, Jerome V. Sidle, Roy C. Ahmad, Rafi Scatena, Fred N. TI Recognizing the importance of tropical forests in limiting rainfall-induced debris flows SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Tropical forests; Debris flows; Rainfall; Root strength; Thailand; Caribbean ID PUERTO-RICO; MANAGEMENT; SECONDARY; LANDSLIDES; VEGETATION; RECOVERY; SOIL AB Worldwide concern for continuing loss of montane forest cover in the tropics usually focuses on adverse ecological consequences. Less recognized, but equally important to inhabitants of these affected regions, is an increasing susceptibility to rainfall-induced debris flows and their associated impacts. The same high rainfall rates that sustain tropical forest cover can often serve as the triggering mechanism for debris flows. The natural rate of debris flow occurrence on steep slopes subject to episodic, intense rainfall is dependent on the stabilizing effect of tropical forests. Either loss or significant reduction in forest cover can weaken this natural defense. Information from postdisaster observations and research on the November 1988 storm event in southern Thailand provides a case study illustrating the potential impacts of increased debris flow susceptibility resulting from conversion of forest cover to rubber tree crops. Development resulting in the loss of tropical forest cover may be accompanied by local increase in population, property development, and infrastructure. Consequently, the potentially disastrous consequences of increased debris flow occurrence are amplified by the greater vulnerability of local populations. Preserving the tropical forest cover is an obvious and often difficult means of retaining this natural protection. Effective policy should capitalize on the values of tropical forests as part of the strategy for retaining adequate forest cover. Policy should also seek to avoid creating pressures that foster forest removal or their conversion to other types of land cover in steep terrain. Areas where tropical forests were converted to other cover types can be restored to secondary forests to avoid a permanent state of increased debris flow susceptibility. Restoration of secondary tropical forests can successfully re-establish the forest characteristics that limit debris flow occurrence. Experience in Central America and the Caribbean demonstrates that successful restoration is possible but requires a significant commitment of both time and resources. In addition to the cost and technical difficulties involved, the increased susceptibility to debris flow occurrence persists through many years until successful restoration is achieved. Both retention of existing tropical forests and restoration of forest cover where loss has occurred are often justified by the reduced risk of debris flow impacts to vulnerable populations and infrastructure. C1 [De Graff, Jerome V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Ahmad, Rafi] Univ W Indies, Mona Geoinformat Inst, Unit Disaster Studies, Kingston 7, Jamaica. [Scatena, Fred N.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP De Graff, JV (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 1600 Tollhouse Rd, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. EM jdegraff@fs.fed.us NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1866-6280 J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI JI Environ. Earth Sci. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1225 EP 1235 DI 10.1007/s12665-012-1580-8 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 014AK UT WOS:000309347200024 ER PT J AU Yurista, PM Kelly, JR Miller, SE Van Alstine, JD AF Yurista, Peder M. Kelly, John R. Miller, Samuel E. Van Alstine, Jon D. TI Water Quality and Plankton in the United States Nearshore Waters of Lake Huron SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Lake Huron; Nearshore; Assessment; Towing; Conductivity-temperature depth profiler; Laser-optical plankton counter ID GREAT-LAKES; ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS; ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY; SUPERIOR; TRANSPORT; COUNTER; COASTAL; INPUTS AB Our goal in the development of a nearshore monitoring method has been to evaluate and refine an in situ mapping approach to assess the nearshore waters across the Great Lakes. The report here for Lake Huron is part of a broader effort being conducted across all five Great Lakes. We conducted an intensive survey for the United States nearshore of Lake Huron along a continuous shoreline transect (523 km) from Port Huron, Michigan, to Detour Passage. A depth contour of 20 m was towed with a conductivity-temperature depth profiler, fluorometer, transmissometer, and laser optical plankton counter. Multiple cross-contour tows (10-30 m) on the cruise dates were used to characterize the variability across a broader range of the nearshore. The cross-contour tows were comparable with the alongshore contour indicating that the 20-m contour does a good job of representing the nearshore region (10-30 m). Strong correlations were observed between water quality and spatially associated watershed land use. A repeat tow separated by several weeks investigated temporal variability in spatial patterns within a summer season. Strong correlations were observed across each variable for the temporal repeat across broad- and fine-scale spatial dimensions. The survey results for Lake Huron nearshore are briefly compared with a similar nearshore survey in Lake Superior. The biomass concentrations of lower food web components of Lake Huron were notably approximately 54-59 % of those in Lake Superior. The towed instrumentation survey supported the recent view of a change in Lake Huron to an ultra-oligotrophic state, which has been uncharacteristic in recent history. C1 [Yurista, Peder M.; Kelly, John R.; Miller, Samuel E.; Van Alstine, Jon D.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Yurista, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM yurista.peder@epa.gov; kelly.johnr@epa.gov; miller.samuel@epa.gov; jdvanalstine@fs.fed.us FU USEPA FX We thank the USEPA Great Lakes National Program Office for ship time on the R/V Lake Guardian. We thank R. Barbiero for many good comments that helped improve the manuscript; M. Starus for editorial review; and three anonymous reviewers for comments that helped us improve the manuscript. This work was funded entirely by the USEPA. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USEPA. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 50 IS 4 BP 664 EP 678 DI 10.1007/s00267-012-9902-x PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 004AP UT WOS:000308652800013 PM 22824959 ER PT J AU Huang, YCT Rappold, AG Graff, DW Ghio, AJ Devlin, RB AF Huang, Yuh-Chin T. Rappold, Ana G. Graff, Donald W. Ghio, Andrew J. Devlin, Robert B. TI Synergistic effects of exposure to concentrated ambient fine pollution particles and nitrogen dioxide in humans SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; cardiovascular effects; heart rate variability; mulipollutants; particulate matter ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; AIR-POLLUTION; NO2; VOLUNTEERS; POLLUTANTS; INFLAMMATION; ASSOCIATION; COAGULATION; POPULATION; DISEASE AB Context: Exposure to single pollutants e. g. particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse health effects, but it does not represent a real world scenario that usually involves multiple pollutants. Objectives: Determine if simultaneous exposure to PM and NO2 results in synergistic interactions. Materials and methods: Healthy young volunteers were exposed to clean air, nitrogen dioxide (NO2, 0.5 ppm), concentrated fine particles from Chapel Hill air (PM2.5 CAPs, 89.5 +/- 10.7 mu g/m(3)), or NO2 + PM2.5 CAPs for 2 h. Each subject performed intermittent exercise during the exposure. Parameters of heart rate variability (HRV), changes in repolarization, peripheral blood endpoints and lung function were measured before and 1 and 18 h after exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed 18 h after exposure. Results: NO2 exposure alone increased cholesterol and HDL 18 h after exposure, decreased high frequency component of HRV one and 18 h after exposure, decreased QT variability index 1 h after exposure, and increased LDH in BAL fluid. The only significant change with PM2.5 CAPs was an increase in HDL 1 h after exposure, likely due to the low concentrations of PM2.5 CAPs in the exposure chamber. Exposure to both NO2 and PM2.5 CAPs increased BAL alpha 1-antitrypsin, mean t wave amplitude, the low frequency components of HRV and the LF/HF ratio. These changes were not observed following exposure to NO2 or PM2.5 CAPs alone, suggesting possible interactions between the two pollutants. Discussion and conclusions: NO 2 exposure may produce and enhance acute cardiovascular effects of PM2.5 CAPs. Assessment of health effects by ambient PM should consider its interactions with gaseous copollutants. C1 [Huang, Yuh-Chin T.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Rappold, Ana G.; Ghio, Andrew J.; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Graff, Donald W.] MDS Pharma Serv, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Huang, YCT (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, 330 Trent Dr,Hanes House,Rm 105B, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM huang002@mc.duke.edu FU U.S. EPA FX The research described in this article was funded by the intramural grants of U.S. EPA and has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S. EPA National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratory. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. EPA, nor does mention of the trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors declare they have no competing financial interests relevant to the study. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 24 IS 12 BP 790 EP 797 DI 10.3109/08958378.2012.718809 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 015XD UT WOS:000309478800002 PM 23033993 ER PT J AU Adelman, K Lis, JT AF Adelman, Karen Lis, John T. TI Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II: emerging roles in metazoans SO NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS LA English DT Review ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; HEAT-SHOCK GENES; TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION-FACTOR; BROMODOMAIN PROTEIN BRD4; NF-KAPPA-B; P-TEFB; IN-VIVO; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; POL-II; NUCLEOSOME ORGANIZATION AB Recent years have witnessed a sea change in our understanding of transcription regulation: whereas traditional models focused solely on the events that brought RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to a gene promoter to initiate RNA synthesis, emerging evidence points to the pausing of Pol II during early elongation as a widespread regulatory mechanism in higher eukaryotes. Current data indicate that pausing is particularly enriched at genes in signal-responsive pathways. Here the evidence for pausing of Pol II from recent high-throughput studies will be discussed, as well as the potential interconnected functions of promoter-proximally paused Pol II. C1 [Adelman, Karen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Mol Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Lis, John T.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Adelman, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Mol Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM adelmank@niehs.nih.gov; johnlis@cornell.edu FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [GM25232]; NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES101987] FX We thank the members of the Lis and Adelman laboratories for their helpful discussions on this Review. Funding for this work was provided by US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant GM25232 to J.L. and the Intramural Research Program of the NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES101987) to K.A. NR 98 TC 302 Z9 304 U1 1 U2 67 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1471-0056 J9 NAT REV GENET JI Nat. Rev. Genet. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 13 IS 10 BP 720 EP 731 DI 10.1038/nrg3293 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 009XR UT WOS:000309059200011 PM 22986266 ER PT J AU Roth, JA Ganapathy, B Ghio, AJ AF Roth, Jerome A. Ganapathy, Balakrishnan Ghio, Andrew J. TI Manganese-induced toxicity in normal and human B lymphocyte cell lines containing a homozygous mutation in parkin SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Article DE Manganese; Parkin; Parkinson's disease; Manganism; Lymphocytes; Oxidative stress; Apoptosis ID RECESSIVE JUVENILE PARKINSONISM; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; PC12 CELLS; DISEASE; GENE; DEATH; MITOCHONDRIA; ASSOCIATION; APOPTOSIS; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Mutations in the parkin gene are linked to development of juvenile onset of Parkinson's disease and recent studies have reported that parkin can protect against increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by a variety of oxidative and toxic insults. Overexpression of parkin has also been reported to selectively protect dopaminergic neurons from Mn toxicity. Accordingly, in this paper we compare the effect that mutations in parkin have on Mn toxicity and associated apoptotic signals in normal and human B lymphocyte cell lines containing a homozygous mutation in the gene. Results of these studies reveal that Mn toxicity was similar in both control and mutant parkin lymphocyte cells indicating that cell death caused by Mn was not altered in cells devoid of parkin activity. In contrast, Mn did inhibit mitochondrial function to a greater extent in cells devoid of active parkin as indicated by a decrease in ATP production although mitochondrial membrane potential was essentially unaffected. Consistent with inactive parkin influencing the Mn response is the observation of increased activity in the down-stream apoptotic signal, caspase 3. In summary, results reported in this paper demonstrate that mutations in parkin can lead to functional changes in potential signaling processes known to provoke Mn toxicity. The selectivity and magnitude of this response, however, does not necessarily lead to cell death in lymphocytes which are devoid of dopamine. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Roth, Jerome A.; Ganapathy, Balakrishnan] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Roth, JA (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, 11 Cary Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. EM jaroth@buffalo.edu FU NIH [R21 ES015762, RC1 ES0810301] FX This research supported in part by grants from the NIH, R21 ES015762 and RC1 ES0810301. We acknowledge the assistance of the Confocal Microscope and Flow Cytometry Facility in the School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo. There is no conflict of interest on the part of any of the authors of this paper. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD OCT PY 2012 VL 26 IS 7 BP 1143 EP 1149 DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.07.005 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 014MJ UT WOS:000309379600010 PM 22841634 ER PT J AU More, TT Yan, S John, RP Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF More, T. T. Yan, S. John, R. P. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Biochemical diversity of the bacterial strains and their biopolymer producing capabilities in wastewater sludge SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biopolymers; EPS; Sludge; Flocculation; Dewatering ID EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; RECENT TRENDS; DEWATERABILITY; RESISTANCE; BIOFLOCCULATION; FLOCCULATION AB The biochemical characterization of 13 extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) producing bacterial strains were carried out by BIOLOG. The bacterial strains were cultured in sterilized sludge for EPS production. Flocculation and dewatering capabilities of produced EPS (broth, crude slime and capsular) were examined using kaolin suspension combined with calcium (150 mg of Ca2+/L of kaolin suspension). BIOLOG revealed that there were 9 Bacillus, 2 Serratia and 2 Yersinia species. Most of these bacterial strains had the capability to utilize wide spectrum of carbon and nitrogen sources. EPS concentration of more than 1 g/L was produced by most of the bacterial strains. Concentration of EPS produced by different Bacillus strains was higher than that of Serratia and Yersinia. Broth EPS revealed flocculation activity more than 75% for Bacillus sp.7, Bacillus sp.4 and Bacillus sp.6, respectively. Flocculation activity higher than 75% was attained using very low concentrations of broth EPS (1.12-2.70 mg EPS/g SS). (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [More, T. T.; Yan, S.; John, R. P.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM more.tanaji@gmail.com; song.yan@ete.inrs.ca; John.Rojan@ete.inrs.ca; tyagi@ete.inrs.ca; Surampal-li.Rao@epamail.epa.gov OI P. John, Rojan/0000-0002-9703-1238 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984] FX Sincere thanks to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, Canada Research Chair) for financial support. We thank to Chabot, F. and Yadav, J.S.S. for expert technical assistance. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors. NR 33 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 121 BP 304 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.103 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 013IO UT WOS:000309299300043 PM 22858500 ER PT J AU More, TT Yan, S Hoang, NV Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF More, T. T. Yan, S. Hoang, N. V. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Bacterial polymer production using pre-treated sludge as raw material and its flocculation and dewatering potential SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flocculation; Dewatering; Extracellular polymeric substances; Pre-treatment; Wastewater sludge ID WASTE-WATER SLUDGE; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; SUBSTANCES EPS; FLOC STRENGTH; RECENT TRENDS; DEWATERABILITY; BIOFLOCCULATION AB Sterilization, alkaline-thermal and acid-thermal treatments were applied to different sludge solids concentrations (17.0; 22.4; 29.8; 37.3; 44.8 g/L, respectively) and the pre-treated sludge was used as raw material for Serratia sp.1 to produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). After 72 h of fermentation, total EPS of 2.3 and 3.4 g/L were produced in sterilized and alkaline-thermal treated sludge as compared to that of 1.5 g/L in acid-thermal treated sludge. Lower EPS were produced at relatively higher solids concentrations (37.3; 44.8 g/L). Broth, crude forms of capsular and slime EPS were extracted from fermented broths and used as conditioning agents by combining with 150 mg of Ca2+/L of kaolin suspensions. maximum flocculation activity of 79.1% and increased dewatering by 52.2% was achieved using broth and crude capsular EPS, respectively. The results demonstrated that EPS having high flocculating capability could be produced using wastewater sludge as sole raw material. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [More, T. T.; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Hoang, N. V.; Tyagi, R. D.] Inst Environm Technol VAST, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM more.tanaji@gmail.com; song.yan@ete.inrs.ca; ng.viethoang@gmail.com; tyagi@ete.inrs.ca; Sur-ampalli.Rao@epamail.epa.gov FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984] FX The authors are thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, and Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 7 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 121 BP 425 EP 431 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.075 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 013IO UT WOS:000309299300059 PM 22868009 ER PT J AU Mackenbach, EM Jing, Y Mills, MA Landrum, PF Lydy, MJ AF Mackenbach, Elizabeth M. Jing, You Mills, Marc A. Landrum, Peter F. Lydy, Michael J. TI Application of a Tenax model to assess bioavailability of PCBs in field sediments SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Tenax; Bioaccumulation tests oligochaetes; PCBs; Ottawa River ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; DESORPTION; CONTAMINANTS; EXTRACTION; BIOACCUMULATION; AVAILABILITY; CHLOROBENZENES AB Bioavailability has been estimated in the past using equilibrium partitioning-based biota-sediment accumulation factors. These values are not always reliable using field-collected sediments, however, likely due to varying amounts of different organic carbons, particularly black carbon, in sediments. Therefore, improving approaches to better evaluate contaminant bioavailability in sediment are needed. In the present study, a literature-based model was constructed that relied on both laboratory-exposed and field-collected oligochaete bioaccumulation data. The model system used 24-h Tenax extraction data paired with bioaccumulation tests using oligochaetes to establish the ability and utility of the biomimetic extraction. The model was then tested to confirm its utility and reliability to estimate bioavailability of oligochaetes exposed to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contaminated sediments from the Ottawa River in Ohio, USA. The model correctly identified the bioaccumulation of PCBs for 94.9% of the data and 97% of the dioxin-like congeners. The mono- and di-substituted chlorinated biphenyls were the least well described, but the estimates were conservative, for example, the model overpredicted bioaccumulation. Thus, the Tenax model was robust and reliable across a wide range of sediment characteristics for estimating PCB bioaccumulation in oligochaetes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 22102216. (c) 2012 SETAC C1 [Mackenbach, Elizabeth M.; Landrum, Peter F.; Lydy, Michael J.] So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Mackenbach, Elizabeth M.; Landrum, Peter F.; Lydy, Michael J.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Jing, You] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Mills, Marc A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Lydy, MJ (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM mlydy@siu.edu RI You, Jing/A-6201-2009; Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017 OI You, Jing/0000-0002-4006-8339; Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank the United States Environmental Protection Agency for access to the Ottawa River and sediments as well as funding for the work. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 31 IS 10 BP 2210 EP 2216 DI 10.1002/etc.1943 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 008AE UT WOS:000308928700003 PM 22806992 ER PT J AU Costanza, J Lynch, DG Boethling, RS Arnot, JA AF Costanza, Jed Lynch, David G. Boethling, Robert S. Arnot, Jon A. TI Use of the bioaccumulation factor to screen chemicals for bioaccumulation potential SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bioaccumulation; Bioconcentration; Regulatory and resource implications; Screening bioaccumulation potential ID METABOLIC BIOTRANSFORMATION RATES; AQUATIC FOOD-WEBS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR; TROPHIC MAGNIFICATION; RAINBOW-TROUT; LAKE-MICHIGAN; FISH; SEDIMENT; WATER AB The fish bioconcentration factor (BCF), as calculated from controlled laboratory tests, is commonly used in chemical management programs to screen chemicals for bioaccumulation potential. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF), as calculated from field-caught fish, is more ecologically relevant because it accounts for dietary, respiratory, and dermal exposures. The BCFBAF (TM) program in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI Suite (TM) Ver 4.10) screening-level tool includes the Arnot-Gobas quantitative structureactivity relationship model to estimate BAFs for organic chemicals in fish. Bioaccumulation factors can be greater than BCFs, suggesting that using the BAF rather than the BCF for screening bioaccumulation potential could have regulatory and resource implications for chemical assessment programs. To evaluate these potential implications, BCFBAF was used to calculate BAFs and BCFs for 6,034?U.S. high- and medium-production volume chemicals. The results indicate no change in the bioaccumulation rating for 86% of these chemicals, with 3% receiving lower and 11% receiving higher bioaccumulation ratings when using the BAF rather than the BCF. All chemicals that received higher bioaccumulation ratings had log KOW values greater than 4.02, in which a chemical's BAF was more representative of field-based bioaccumulation than its BCF. Similar results were obtained for 374 new chemicals. Screening based on BAFs provides ecologically relevant results without a substantial increase in resources needed for assessments or the number of chemicals screened as being of concern for bioaccumulation potential. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 22612268. (c) 2012 SETAC C1 [Lynch, David G.; Boethling, Robert S.] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Costanza, Jed] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Arnot, Jon A.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Arnot, Jon A.] ARC Arnot Res & Consulting, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Boethling, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM boethling.bob@epa.gov NR 37 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 31 IS 10 BP 2261 EP 2268 DI 10.1002/etc.1944 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 008AE UT WOS:000308928700010 PM 22821825 ER PT J AU Olmstead, AW Kosian, PA Johnson, R Blackshear, PE Haselman, J Blanksma, C Korte, JJ Holcombe, GW Burgess, E Lindberg-Livingston, A Bennett, BA Woodis, KK Degitz, SJ AF Olmstead, Allen W. Kosian, Patricia A. Johnson, Rodney Blackshear, Pamela E. Haselman, Jonathan Blanksma, Chad Korte, Joseph J. Holcombe, Gary W. Burgess, Emily Lindberg-Livingston, Annelie Bennett, Blake A. Woodis, Kacie K. Degitz, Sigmund J. TI Trenbolone causes mortality and altered sexual differentiation in Xenopus tropicalis during larval development SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Amphibians; Endocrine disruptors; Androgens; Hormone mimics ID GROWTH PROMOTER 17-BETA-TRENBOLONE; CATTLE FEEDLOT EFFLUENT; FATHEAD MINNOW; REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; MILL EFFLUENT; FISH EMBRYOS; RIVER WATER; PAPER-MILL; PULP-MILL AB Trenbolone is an androgen agonist used in cattle production and has been measured in aquatic systems associated with concentrated animal-feeding operations. In this study, the authors characterized the effects of aqueous exposure to 17 beta-trenbolone during larval Xenopus tropicalis development. Trenbolone exposure resulted in increased mortality of post-NieuwkoopFaber stage 58 tadpoles at concentrations =100?ng/L. Morphological observations and the timing of this mortality are consistent with hypertrophy of the larynx. Development of nuptial pads, a male secondary sex characteristic, was induced in tadpoles of both sexes at 100?ng/L. Effects on time to complete metamorphosis or body sizes were not observed; however, grow-outs placed in clean media for six weeks were significantly smaller in body size at 78?ng/L. Effects on sex ratios were equivocal, with the first experiment showing a significant shift in sex ratio toward males at 78?ng/L. In the second experiment, no significant effects were observed up to 100?ng/L, although overall sex ratios were similar. Histological assessment of gonads at metamorphosis showed half with normal male phenotypes and half that possessed a mixed-sex phenotype at 100?ng/L. Hypertrophy of the Wolffian ducts was also observed at this concentration. These results indicate that larval 17 beta-trenbolone exposure results in effects down to 78?ng/L, illustrating potential effects from exposure to androgenic compounds in anurans. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 23912398. (c) 2012 SETAC C1 [Olmstead, Allen W.; Kosian, Patricia A.; Johnson, Rodney; Haselman, Jonathan; Blanksma, Chad; Korte, Joseph J.; Holcombe, Gary W.; Burgess, Emily; Lindberg-Livingston, Annelie; Bennett, Blake A.; Woodis, Kacie K.; Degitz, Sigmund J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. [Blackshear, Pamela E.] Integrated Syst Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Olmstead, AW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA. EM allen.olmstead@bayer.com NR 40 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 31 IS 10 BP 2391 EP 2398 DI 10.1002/etc.1965 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 008AE UT WOS:000308928700025 PM 22847831 ER PT J AU Imaizumi, F Sidle, RC AF Imaizumi, Fumitoshi Sidle, Roy C. TI Effect of forest harvesting on hydrogeomorphic processes in steep terrain of central Japan SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Forest management; Landslide; Debris flow; Sediment transport; Hydrogeomorphic processes ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; OREGON COAST RANGE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; DEBRIS FLOWS; HEADWATER STREAMS; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; SLOPE STABILITY; CASCADE RANGE; ROOT COHESION AB Forest harvesting activities affect various hydrogeomorphic processes in forest terrain, including increases in occurrence of mass movements (i.e., landslides and debris flows), and changes in sediment transport rate in channels. Thus, the influence of harvesting on these processes needs to be assessed to protect aquatic ecosystems. In steep terrain with frequent mass movement, relationships between rainfall magnitude and frequency of mass movements associated with forest harvesting are needed to develop improved strategies for disaster prevention. We examined the effects of forest harvesting on the frequency of mass movements in the steep Sanko catchment (central Japan) using aerial photographs for six different years covering 1976 to 2003. We also investigated the spatial distribution of sediment stored in the system as well as sediment transport rate in selected subcatchments by field surveys. Landslides occur during moderate rainfall events (return period of daily rainfall <10 years) in younger forests (<25 years after harvesting), whereas the threshold magnitude of rainfall for landslides is higher in older forests (>25 years after harvesting). The occurrence of mass movements substantially altered the volume of sediment storage in the channel that links sediment supply from hillslopes with sediment yield downstream. However, the volume and spatial distribution of sediment deposits in headwater channels were not clearly related to forest age because of the redistribution and evacuation of sediment by debris flows. Bedload transport rate was highly affected by sediment storage volume, whereas suspended sediment concentration was affected by the area of exposed sediment along channels that was carved by debris flows. Thus, the effect of harvesting on hydrogeomorphic processes cannot be estimated simply by the elapsed time after forest harvesting; rainfall magnitude and the history of mass movements need to be considered to better understand these linkages. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Imaizumi, Fumitoshi] Ikawa Univ Forest, Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Shizuoka 4280504, Japan. [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. RP Imaizumi, F (reprint author), Ikawa Univ Forest, Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, 1621-2 Ikawa, Shizuoka 4280504, Japan. EM imaizumi.fumitosh.gm@u.tsukuba.ac.jp NR 60 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 169 BP 109 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.04.017 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 011WD UT WOS:000309196100010 ER PT J AU Ding, L Saunders, RJ Drobna, Z Walton, FS Xun, P Thomas, DJ Styblo, M AF Ding, Lan Saunders, R. Jesse Drobna, Zuzana Walton, Felecia S. Xun, Pencheng Thomas, David J. Styblo, Miroslav TI Methylation of arsenic by recombinant human wild-type arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase and its methionine 287 threonine (M287T) polymorph: Role of glutathione SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arsenic methylation; AS3MT polymorphism; Thioredoxin reductase; Glutathione ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; BIOLOGICAL MATRICES; SPECIATION ANALYSIS; DRINKING-WATER; AS3MT GENE; METABOLISM; GENERATION; EXPOSURE AB Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) is the key enzyme in the pathway for methylation of arsenicals. A common polymorphism in the AS3MT gene that replaces a threonyl residue in position 287 with a methionyl residue (AS3MT/M287T) occurs at a frequency of about 10% among populations worldwide. Here, we compared catalytic properties of recombinant human wild-type (wt) AS3MT and AS3MT/M287T in reaction mixtures containing S-adenosylmethionine, arsenite (iAs(III)) or methylarsonous acid (MAsIII) as substrates and endogenous or synthetic reductants, including glutathione (GSH), a thioredoxin reductase (TR)/thioredoxin (Trx)/NADPH reducing system, or tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP). With either TR/Trx/NADPH or TCEP, wtAS3MT or AS3MT/M287T catalyzed conversion of iAs(III) to MAsIII, methylarsonic acid (MAsV), dimethylarsinous acid (DMAsIII), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAsV); MAsIII was converted to DMAsIII and DMAsV. Although neither enzyme required GSH to support methylation of iAs(III) or MAsIII, addition of 1 mM GSH decreased K-m, and increased V-max estimates for either substrate in reaction mixtures containing TR/Trx/NADPH. Without GSH, Vmax and K,, values were significantly lower for AS3MT/M287T than for wtAS3MT. In the presence of 1 mM GSH, significantly more DMAsIII was produced from iAs(III) in reactions catalyzed by the M287T variant than in wtAS3MT-catalyzed reactions. Thus, 1 mM GSH modulates AS3MT activity, increasing both methylation rates and yield of DMAsIII. AS3MT genotype exemplified by differences in regulation of wtAS3MT and AS3MT/M287T-catalyzed reactions by GSH may contribute to differences in the phenotype for arsenic methylation and, ultimately, to differences in the disease susceptibility in individuals chronically exposed to inorganic arsenic. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ding, Lan; Saunders, R. Jesse; Drobna, Zuzana; Walton, Felecia S.; Xun, Pencheng; Styblo, Miroslav] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, MHRC 2302, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch,Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Styblo, M (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, MHRC 2302, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM styblo@med.unc.edu RI Xun, Pengcheng/D-3411-2013 FU NIH [2 R01 ES010845]; UNC Nutrition Obesity Research Center [DK056350] FX This work was supported by NIH grant no. 2 R01 ES010845 to M.S and the UNC Nutrition Obesity Research Center grant no. DK056350. The authors thank Dr. William Cullen (University of British Columbia, Canada) for providing custom synthesized MAsIII and DMAsIII for this study. This manuscript has been reviewed in accordance with the policy of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 264 IS 1 BP 121 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.024 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 013IP UT WOS:000309299400013 PM 22868225 ER PT J AU Otter, RR Meier, J Kubach, KM Lazorchak, JM Klaine, SJ AF Otter, Ryan R. Meier, John Kubach, Kevin M. Lazorchak, James M. Klaine, Stephen J. TI The effects of urbanization on Lepomis macrochirus using the comet assay SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Comet Assay; Lepomis macrochirus; Wastewater; Urbanization ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FISH HOPLIAS-MALABARICUS; CHUB LEUCISCUS-CEPHALUS; DNA-DAMAGE; STREAM FISHES; URBAN; EXPOSURE; MICRONUCLEUS; INTEGRITY; SEDIMENTS AB Urbanization has been linked to increased concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in natural waterways. This study was designed to examine the impact of urbanization and a wastewater treatment plant by investigating the impact on field-collected bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). Results show a significant increase in DNA strand breaks in blood cells (comet assay) linked to urbanization and a reduction in DNA strand breaks downstream of the WWTP, likely the result of dilution. A laboratory study exposing L macrochirus to the known mutagen, methyl methanesulfonate, was performed to validate the comet assay endpoints in this species. Results of the laboratory study showed that the comet assay endpoints of tail length and tail extent moment responded in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Habitat quality assessments, along with chemical concentrations of polycyclic hydrocarbons in sediments showed that habitat quality between all sites were similar and that hydrocarbons likely contributed to the DNA strand breaks observed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Otter, Ryan R.] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. [Otter, Ryan R.; Klaine, Stephen J.] Clemson Univ, Clemson Inst Environm Toxicol, Pendleton, SC USA. [Meier, John; Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Mol Indicators Res Branch, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Kubach, Kevin M.] S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Clemson, SC USA. RP Otter, RR (reprint author), Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol, 1500 Greenland Dr,Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. EM Ryan.Otter@mtsu.edu OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU Saluda-Reedy Watershed Consortium; V.K. Rasmussen Foundation FX We would like to thank Michael T. Cribb, Melissa S. Littleton and Cathy A Marion for their help with fish collection. This work was supported by the Saluda-Reedy Watershed Consortium and the V.K. Rasmussen Foundation. This document has been reviewed in accordance with United States Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This study was conducted with the approval of the Clemson University Animal Research Committee, under the Office of Research Compliance and is in accordance with national and Clemson University guidelines for the protection of human subjects and animal welfare. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD OCT 1 PY 2012 VL 84 BP 299 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.07.025 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 005TB UT WOS:000308771900042 PM 22885057 ER PT J AU Kahn, HD Rosati, JA Bray, AP AF Kahn, Henry D. Rosati, Jacky A. Bray, Andrew P. TI Statistical evaluation of data from multi-laboratory testing of a measurement method intended to indicate the presence of dust resulting from the collapse of the World Trade Center SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Dust; Analytical method; Inter-lab testing; Slag wool; World Trade Center; Statistical analysis AB In this paper we describe a statistical analysis of the inter-laboratory data summarized in Rosati et al. (2008) to assess the performance of an analytical method to detect the presence of dust from the collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001. The focus of the inter-lab study was the measurement of the concentration of slag wool fibers in dust which was considered to be an indicator of WTC dust. Eight labs were provided with two blinded samples each of three batches of dust that varied in slag wool concentration. Analysis of the data revealed that three of labs, which did not meet measurement quality objectives set forth prior to the experimental work, were statistically distinguishable from the five labs that did meet the quality objectives. The five labs, as a group, demonstrated better measurement capability although their ability to distinguish between the batches was somewhat mixed. This work provides important insights for the planning and implementation of future studies involving examination of dust samples for physical contaminants. This work demonstrates (a) the importance of controlling the amount of dust analyzed, (b) the need to take additional replicates to improve count estimates, and (c) the need to address issues related to the execution of the analytical methodology to ensure all labs meet the measurement quality objectives. C1 [Kahn, Henry D.; Bray, Andrew P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Rosati, Jacky A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bray, Andrew P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Stat, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kahn, HD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM kahn.henry@epa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 184 IS 10 BP 6367 EP 6375 DI 10.1007/s10661-011-2426-7 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 001DI UT WOS:000308439900040 PM 22089626 ER PT J AU Pfleeger, T Blakeley-Smith, M King, G Lee, EH Plocher, M Olszyk, D AF Pfleeger, Thomas Blakeley-Smith, Matthew King, George Lee, E. Henry Plocher, Milton Olszyk, David TI The effects of glyphosate and aminopyralid on a multi-species plant field trial SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate; Aminopyralid; Plant communities; Registration tests; Plant field testing ID PESTICIDE REGISTRATION; SPRAY DRIFT; NONTARGET PLANTS; UNITED-STATES; HERBICIDES; GREENHOUSE; TERRESTRIAL; REPRODUCTION; VARIABILITY; VEGETATION AB In the United States, the US EPA has the responsibility for the registration of pesticides. For the protection of nontarget terrestrial plants this requires two simple greenhouse tests (seedling emergence and vegetative vigor), each done with ten species grown individually. Indications of unacceptable effects levels equivalent to environmental exposure can lead to field testing which is not well-defined. Our objective was to develop a regional field test that is simple, economical, geographically flexible and with endpoints of ecological significance and compare the results with the standard greenhouse tests. Three native Oregon plant species were grown together with an introduced species. The experiment was replicated at two locations and repeated for 3 years with glyphosate applied at 0, 0.01 (8.3 g/ha), 0.1 (83.2 g/ha), and 0.2 (166.4 g/ha) x FAR (Field Application Rate of 832 gm/ha acid equivalent) and 2 years with aminopyralid applied at 0, 0.037 (4.6 g/ha), 0.136 (16.7 g/ha), and 0.5 (61.5 g/ha) x FAR (123 g/ha acid equivalent). With glyphosate, plant height and volume decreased with increasing herbicide concentration for all species, and for nearly all farm x year combinations. With aminopyralid, one species died at nearly all concentrations, sites and years, while the effects on the other three species were less pronounced and variable. The relative rank in glyphosate sensitivity among species in the field studies differed from the ranking from greenhouse studies, with Cynososurs echinatus the most sensitive in the field but Prunella vulgaris the most sensitive in the greenhouse. With aminopyralid, sensitivity generally was similar for all species in the greenhouse as in the field. The results suggest that a simple field test can be successfully designed to investigate the ecological effects of herbicides on plant communities and supplement information gained from greenhouse tests performed in controlled environments. C1 [Pfleeger, Thomas; Blakeley-Smith, Matthew; Lee, E. Henry; Olszyk, David] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [King, George; Plocher, Milton] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Pfleeger, T (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM pfleeger.thomas@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [68-D-01-005, EP-D-06-013, EP-D-11-027] FX The authors thank Henry Miller, Melvin Larson and Tamotsu Shiroyama from the Senior Environmental Employee program of the National Asian Pacific Center; Marjorie Storm, Gail Heine, and Fred Senecal of Dynamac Corporation; EPA summer student Thomas Griffin, Oregon State University student intern Conor Bidelspach, and Greater Research Opportunity summer students Megan Butler and Alexander Ramsower for their valuable assistance in carrying out these experiments. The authors also thank Connie Burdick EPA for editorial assistance and Patricia DeCastro of CSC for the figures. Thanks to Celine Boutin for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript and offering suggestions on its improvement. The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract numbers 68-D-01-005, EP-D-06-013 and EP-D-11-027 to Dynamac Corporation. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD OCT PY 2012 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1771 EP 1787 DI 10.1007/s10646-012-0912-5 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 998JX UT WOS:000308235500002 PM 22547211 ER PT J AU Young, DF AF Young, Dirk F. TI Development and Evaluation of a Regulatory Model for Pesticides in Flooded Applications SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING & ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Pesticide; Rice ID PADDY FIELDS; WATER; LOADS; SOIL AB The pesticides in flooded applications model (PFAM) is a regulatory model for government agencies and others interested in estimating water concentrations of pesticides used in flooded agriculture applications such as rice paddies and cranberries bogs. PFAM was designed around the specific parameters that are typically available for a pesticide risk assessment, thereby simplifying the model and allowing the user to concentrate on only the most relevant model inputs. The model considers the fate properties of pesticides and allows for the specifications of typical flooded agriculture management practices such as scheduled water releases and refills. It also allows for natural water-level fluctuations resulting from precipitation and evapotranspiration. Model quality assurance requirements for regulatory models aimed at protecting the public are that the models err on the high side of measured data and at the same time should not cause undue burden to stakeholders by being overly conservative. For the studies herein, PFAM did tend to err on the high side of the data yet provided more realistic estimates than the currently used methods, which thereby reduced stakeholder burden. As is also important for a regulatory model, PFAM is nonproprietary and freely available. C1 US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Off Pesticides, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Young, DF (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Off Pesticides, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM young.dirk@epa.gov NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-2026 J9 ENVIRON MODEL ASSESS JI Environ. Model. Assess. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 17 IS 5 BP 515 EP 525 DI 10.1007/s10666-012-9311-9 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 999NC UT WOS:000308319300006 ER PT J AU Cohen, NJ Slaten, DD Marano, N Tappero, JW Wellman, M Albert, RJ Hill, VR Espey, D Handzel, T Henry, A Tauxe, RV AF Cohen, Nicole J. Slaten, Douglas D. Marano, Nina Tappero, Jordan W. Wellman, Michael Albert, Ryan J. Hill, Vincent R. Espey, David Handzel, Thomas Henry, Ariel Tauxe, Robert V. TI Preventing Maritime Transfer of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID WATER; PATHOGENS; BALLAST AB Organisms, including Vibrio cholerae, can be transferred between harbors in the ballast water of ships. Zones in the Caribbean region where distance from shore and water depth meet International Maritime Organization guidelines for ballast water exchange are extremely limited. Use of ballast water treatment systems could mitigate the risk for organism transfer. C1 [Cohen, Nicole J.; Slaten, Douglas D.; Marano, Nina; Tappero, Jordan W.; Wellman, Michael; Hill, Vincent R.; Espey, David; Handzel, Thomas; Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Albert, Ryan J.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Henry, Ariel] Haitian Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Portau Prince, Haiti. RP Cohen, NJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hei1@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD OCT PY 2012 VL 18 IS 10 BP 1680 EP 1682 DI 10.3201/eid1810.120676 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 268LP UT WOS:000328172500025 PM 23017338 ER PT J AU Ho, KT Pelletier, MC Campbell, DE Burgess, RM Johnson, RL Rocha, KJ AF Ho, Kay T. Pelletier, Marguerite C. Campbell, Daniel E. Burgess, Robert M. Johnson, Roxanne L. Rocha, Kenneth J. TI Diagnosis of potential stressors adversely affecting benthic communities in New Bedford Harbor, MA (USA) SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article AB Diagnosing the causes of impaired ecosystems in the marine environment is critical for effective management action. When ecological impairment is based on toxicological or biological criteria (i.e., degraded benthic community composition or toxicity test results), managers are faced with the additional problem of diagnosing the cause of impairment before plans can be initiated to reduce the pollutant loading. We evaluated a number of diagnostic tools to determine their ability to identify pollutants in New Bedford Harbor (NBH), Massachusetts (USA), using a modified version of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) stressor identification (SI) guidance. In this study, we linked chemical sources and toxic chemicals in the sediment with spatial concentration studies; we also linked toxic chemicals in the sediment with toxicity test results using toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE) studies. We used geographical information systems (GIS) maps to determine sources and to aid in determining spatially integrated inorganic nitrogen (SIIN). The SIIN values of reference and test estuaries were quantified and compared. Using this approach, we determined that toxic chemicals continue to be active stressors in NBH and that a moderate nutrient stress exists, but we were unable to link the nutrient stressor with a source. Also excess sedimentation was evaluated, but it does not appear to be an active stressor in this harbor. The research included an evaluation of the effectiveness of tools under development that may be used to evaluate stressors in water bodies. We found that the following tools were useful in diagnosing active stressors: toxicity tests, toxicity identification and evaluation (TIE) methods, comparison of grain size-normalized total organic carbon (TOC) ratios with reference sites, and comparison of SIIN with reference sites. This approach allowed us to successfully evaluate stressors in NBH retrospectively; however, a limitation in using retrospective data sets is that the approach may underestimate current or newly emerging stressors. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2012; 8: 685702. (c) 2012 SETAC RP Ho, KT (reprint author), US EPA, AED, NHEERL, 27 Tarzwell Ave, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM Ho.Kay@epa.gov NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 8 IS 4 BP 685 EP 702 DI 10.1002/ieam.1303 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 007IK UT WOS:000308881800014 PM 22447411 ER PT J AU Herrick, RL Buchberger, SG Clark, RM Kupferle, M Murray, R Succop, P AF Herrick, Robert L. Buchberger, Steven G. Clark, Robert M. Kupferle, Margaret Murray, Regan Succop, Paul TI A MARKOV MODEL TO ESTIMATE SALMONELLA MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, ILLNESS DURATION, AND COST SO HEALTH ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; salmonellosis; Salmonella infections; cost of illness; epidemiologic methods; Markov chain Monte Carlo method AB Approximately 690?0001?790?000 Salmonella cases, 20?000 hospitalizations, and 400 deaths occur in the USA annually, costing approximately $2.6bn. Existing models estimate morbidity, mortality, and cost solely from incidence. They do not estimate illness duration or use time as an independent cost predictor. Existing models may underestimate physician visits, hospitalizations, deaths, and associated costs. We developed a Markov chain Monte Carlo model to estimate illness duration, physician/emergency room visits, inpatient hospitalizations, mortality, and resultant costs for a given Salmonella incidence. Interested parties include society, third-party payers, health providers, federal, state and local governments, businesses, and individual patients and their families. The marginal approach estimates individual disease behavior for every patient, explicitly estimates disease duration and calculates separate time-dependent costs. The aggregate approach is a Markov equivalent of the existing models; it assumes average disease behavior and cost for a given morbidity/mortality. Transition probabilities were drawn from a meta-analysis of 53 Salmonella studies. Both approaches were tested using the 1993 Salmonella typhimurium outbreak in Gideon, Missouri. This protocol can be applied to estimate morbidity, mortality and cost of specific outbreaks, provide better national Salmonella burden estimates, and estimate the benefits of reducing Salmonella risk. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Herrick, Robert L.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Kettering Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Herrick, Robert L.; Buchberger, Steven G.; Kupferle, Margaret] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Environm Engn & Publ Hlth Consultant, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Murray, Regan] US EPA, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Herrick, RL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Kettering Lab, 3223 Eden Ave,Room 208, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM herricrl@mail.uc.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; University of Cincinnati under Research Traineeship Grant [T-83292901-0] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here with the University of Cincinnati under Research Traineeship Grant T-83292901-0. This research has been subjected to the Agency's review and has been approved for publication. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the Agency. Dr Frederick Angulo of the CDC provided details of the Gideon study. Dr Jeffrey Welge of the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine assisted with the Salmonella meta-analysis. Dr MB Rao of the University of Cincinnati Department of Environmental Health assisted with model fit tests. The authors have declared that there is no conflict of interest. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1057-9230 J9 HEALTH ECON JI Health Econ. PD OCT PY 2012 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1169 EP 1182 DI 10.1002/hec.1779 PG 14 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 999GC UT WOS:000308296600004 PM 21887809 ER PT J AU Milanovich, JR Peterman, WE Barrett, K Hopton, ME AF Milanovich, Joseph R. Peterman, William E. Barrett, Kyle Hopton, Matthew E. TI Do species distribution models predict species richness in urban and natural green spaces? A case study using amphibians SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Amphibians; Green infrastructure; Green spaces; Species distribution models; Urbanization; Validating ID SOUTHERN ILLINOIS; ADJACENT FOREST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ENERGY-FLOW; SAMPLE-SIZE; NULL-MODEL; ACCURACY; BIODIVERSITY; SALAMANDERS; ECOSYSTEM AB Urban green spaces are potentially important to biodiversity conservation because they could provide patches of high quality habitat or connectivity to nearby habitat. Presence-only species distribution models (SDMs) represent a potential tool for assessing the biodiversity value of urban green space; however, there is limited research to validate SDM results with field surveys to see if the predictions accurately represent observed species richness. We generated a range of SDMs using multiple suitability thresholds for 23 species of amphibians that occur in southwest, Ohio, USA. The distributions were overlaid to enumerate species richness. We surveyed 20 sites for amphibian species to evaluate model predictions. Our models over-predicted species richness relative to survey data. For example, we observed a mean pairwise difference of 14 species between models of species richness and observed values. Our results suggest either SDMs built with landscape variables we selected did not represent accurately amphibian richness, or the amphibian surveys did not detect all species present. Analyzing sites that had more than three sampling events suggests the explanation of inadequate sampling effort is only partially correct. Differences such as that between predicted and observed values of species richness is a challenge for land managers and conservation biologists that need a tool for modeling biodiversity. Species distribution models did project relative species richness well in urban and non-urban green space, which suggests this technique offers a spatially explicit way to identify more species rich areas and may help managers and conservation biologists manage systems with greater efficiency. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Milanovich, Joseph R.; Hopton, Matthew E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div,Sustainable Environm Bran, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Peterman, William E.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Barrett, Kyle] Univ Georgia, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Milanovich, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div,Sustainable Environm Bran, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM milanovich.joe@epa.gov; bill.peterman@gmail.com; kbarrett@warnell.uga.edu; hopton.matthew@epa.gov RI Peterman, William/H-7809-2013; OI Peterman, William/0000-0001-5229-9268; Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 FU IACUC [11-01] FX We thank J. Conover for field assistance and the Hamilton County Park District, Cincinnati Parks, and Cincinnati Nature Center for permission to access sites. We thank J. Davis, T. Pearson, W. Wauligman, and the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources/Kentucky Fish and Wildlife Information System for providing species locality points. This research was conducted under IACUC Protocol #11-01. This research was performed while JRM held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Sustainable Technology Division, Sustainable Environments Branch. The views expressed herein are strictly the opinion of the authors and in no manner represent current or planned policy by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 86 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 82 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD SEP 30 PY 2012 VL 107 IS 4 BP 409 EP 418 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.07.010 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA 002XY UT WOS:000308573600008 ER PT J AU Rappold, AG Cascio, WE Kilaru, VJ Stone, SL Neas, LM Devlin, RB Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Rappold, Ana G. Cascio, Wayne E. Kilaru, Vasu J. Stone, Susan L. Neas, Lucas M. Devlin, Robert B. Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Cardio-respiratory outcomes associated with exposure to wildfire smoke are modified by measures of community health SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Disparities and susceptibility; Air pollution; Climate change; Asthma; Congestive heart failure; Wildfires ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; DIFFERENTIAL VULNERABILITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; INCOME INEQUALITY; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SCOPE; MORTALITY; POVERTY; VISITS AB Background: Characterizing factors which determine susceptibility to air pollution is an important step in understanding the distribution of risk in a population and is critical for setting appropriate policies. We evaluate general and specific measures of community health as modifiers of risk for asthma and congestive heart failure following an episode of acute exposure to wildfire smoke. Methods: A population-based study of emergency department visits and daily concentrations of fine particulate matter during a wildfire in North Carolina was performed. Determinants of community health defined by County Health Rankings were evaluated as modifiers of the relative risk. A total of 40 mostly rural counties were included in the study. These rankings measure factors influencing health: health behaviors, access and quality of clinical care, social and economic factors, and physical environment, as well as, the outcomes of health: premature mortality and morbidity. Pollutant concentrations were obtained from a mathematically modeled smoke forecasting system. Estimates of relative risk for emergency department visits were based on Poisson mixed effects regression models applied to daily visit counts. Results: For asthma, the strongest association was observed at lag day 0 with excess relative risk of 66%(28,117). For congestive heart failure the excess relative risk was 42%(5,93). The largest difference in risk was observed after stratifying on the basis of Socio-Economic Factors. Difference in risk between bottom and top ranked counties by Socio-Economic Factors was 85% and 124% for asthma and congestive heart failure respectively. Conclusions: The results indicate that Socio-Economic Factors should be considered as modifying risk factors in air pollution studies and be evaluated in the assessment of air pollution impacts. C1 [Rappold, Ana G.; Cascio, Wayne E.; Neas, Lucas M.; Devlin, Robert B.; Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kilaru, Vasu J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stone, Susan L.] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rappold, AG (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Rappold.ana@epa.gov RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012 NR 25 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 29 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD SEP 24 PY 2012 VL 11 AR 71 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-11-71 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 044QD UT WOS:000311635700001 PM 23006928 ER PT J AU Guirado, E Arcos, J Knaup, R Reeder, R Betz, B Cotton, C Patel, T Pfaller, S Torrelles, JB Schlesinger, LS AF Guirado, Evelyn Arcos, Jesus Knaup, Rose Reeder, Rebecca Betz, Bret Cotton, Cassie Patel, Tejal Pfaller, Stacy Torrelles, Jordi B. Schlesinger, Larry S. TI Characterization of Clinical and Environmental Mycobacterium avium Spp. Isolates and Their Interaction with Human Macrophages SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMPLEMENT RECEPTORS CR-1; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; COLONY MORPHOLOGY; GLYCOPEPTIDOLIPIDS; PHAGOCYTOSIS; TUBERCULOSIS; VIRULENCE; INFECTION; WATER; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Members of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) are naturally occurring bacteria in the environment. A link has been suggested between M. avium strains in drinking water and clinical isolates from infected individuals. There is a need to develop new screening methodologies that can identify specific virulence properties of M. avium isolates found in water that predict a level of risk to exposed individuals. In this work we have characterized 15 clinical and environmental M. avium spp. isolates provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to improve our understanding of the key processes involved in the binding, uptake and survival of these isolates in primary human macrophages. M. avium serovar 8 was predominant among the isolates studied. Different amounts and exposure of mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) and glycopeptidolipids (GPLs), both major mycobacterial virulence factors, were found among the isolates studied. Reference clinical isolate 104 serovar 1 and clinical isolates 11 and 14 serovar 8 showed an increased association with macrophages. Serum opsonization increased the cell association and survival at 2 h post infection for all isolates. However, only the clinical isolates 104 and 3 among those tested showed an increased growth in primary human macrophages. The other isolates varied in their survival in these cells. Thus we conclude that the amounts of cell envelope ManLAM and GPL, as well as GPL serovar specificity are not the only important bacterial factors for dictating the early interactions of M. avium with human macrophages. C1 [Guirado, Evelyn; Arcos, Jesus; Knaup, Rose; Reeder, Rebecca; Betz, Bret; Cotton, Cassie; Patel, Tejal; Torrelles, Jordi B.; Schlesinger, Larry S.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Microbial Interface Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Guirado, Evelyn; Arcos, Jesus; Torrelles, Jordi B.; Schlesinger, Larry S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Microbial Infect & Immun, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Guirado, Evelyn; Arcos, Jesus; Torrelles, Jordi B.; Schlesinger, Larry S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Internal Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Pfaller, Stacy] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Schlesinger, LS (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ctr Microbial Interface Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM larry.schlesinger@osumc.edu RI Torrelles, Jordi/E-4204-2011 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83278701-1] FX This work was supported by a grant from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (CR-83278701-1 to LSS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 19 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e45411 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0045411 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 014PP UT WOS:000309388400082 PM 23028991 ER PT J AU Converse, RR Kinzelman, JL Sams, EA Hudgens, E Dufour, AP Ryu, H Santo-Domingo, JW Kelty, CA Shanks, OC Siefring, SD Haugland, RA Wade, TJ AF Converse, Reagan R. Kinzelman, Julie L. Sams, Elizabeth A. Hudgens, Edward Dufour, Alfred P. Ryu, Hodon Santo-Domingo, Jorge W. Kelty, Catherine A. Shanks, Orin C. Siefring, Shawn D. Haugland, Richard A. Wade, Timothy J. TI Dramatic Improvements in Beach Water Quality Following Gull Removal SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157; RECREATIONAL WATER; LARUS-DELAWARENSIS; QUANTITATIVE PCR; SOUTHERN ONTARIO; FECAL POLLUTION; LAKE-MICHIGAN; FRESH-WATER; FECES; BACTERIA AB Gulls are often cited as important contributors of fecal contamination to surface waters, and some recreational beaches have used gull control measures to improve microbial water quality. In this study, gulls were chased from a Lake Michigan beach using specially trained dogs, and water quality improvements were quantified. Fecal indicator bacteria and potentially pathogenic bacteria were measured before and during gull control using culture methods and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Harassment by dogs was an effective method of gull control: average daily gull populations fell from 665 before to 17 during intervention; and a significant reduction in the density of a gull-associated marker was observed (p < 0.001). Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli densities were also significantly reduced during gull control (p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively for culture methods; p = 0.012 and p = 0.034, respectively for qPCR). Linear regression results indicate that a 50% reduction in gulls was associated with a 38% and 29% decrease in Enterococcus spp. and E. coli densities, respectively. Potentially human pathogenic bacteria were detected on 64% of days prior to gull control and absent during gull intervention, a significant reduction (p = 0.005). This study demonstrates that gull removal can be a highly successful beach remedial action to improve microbial water quality. C1 [Converse, Reagan R.; Sams, Elizabeth A.; Hudgens, Edward; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Kinzelman, Julie L.] City Racine Hlth Dept, Racine, WI 53403 USA. [Dufour, Alfred P.; Ryu, Hodon; Santo-Domingo, Jorge W.; Kelty, Catherine A.; Shanks, Orin C.; Siefring, Shawn D.; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Converse, RR (reprint author), US EPA, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM converse.reagan@epa.gov RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519 NR 47 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 18 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 18 BP 10206 EP 10213 DI 10.1021/es302306b PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 005ZD UT WOS:000308787800049 PM 22913457 ER PT J AU Mohapatra, DP Brar, SK Tyagi, RD Picard, P Surampalli, RY AF Mohapatra, D. P. Brar, S. K. Tyagi, R. D. Picard, P. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Carbamazepine in municipal wastewater and wastewater sludge: Ultrafast quantification by laser diode thermal desorption-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization coupled with tandem mass spectrometry SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Carbamazepine; Extraction; LDTD-APCI-MS/MS; Wastewater; Wastewater sludge ID ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; ASSISTED EXTRACTION; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; PHARMACEUTICALS; SOILS; WASTEWATERS; DICLOFENAC; EFFLUENTS AB In this study, the distribution of the anti-epileptic drug carbamazepine (CBZ) in wastewater (WW) and aqueous and solid phases of wastewater sludge (WWS) was carried out. A rapid and reliable method enabling high-throughput sample analysis for quicker data generation, detection, and monitoring of CBZ in WIN and WWS was developed and validated. The ultrafast method (15 s per sample) is based on the laser diode thermal desorption-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (LDTD-APCI) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The optimization of instrumental parameters and method application for environmental analysis are presented. The performance of the novel method was evaluated by estimation of extraction recovery, linearity, precision and detection limit. The method detection limits was 12 ng L-1 in WIN and 3.4 ng g(-1) in WWS. The intra- and inter-day precisions were 8% and 11% in WW and 6% and 9% in WINS, respectively. Furthermore, three extraction methods, ultrasonic extraction (USE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) with three different solvent condition such as methanol, acetone and acetonitrile:ethyle acetate (5:1, v/v) were compared on the basis of procedural blank and method recovery. Overall, ASE showed the best extraction efficiency with methanol as compared to USE and MAE. Furthermore, the quantification of CBZ in WW and WINS samples showed the presence of contaminant in all stages of the treatment plant. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohapatra, D. P.; Brar, S. K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Picard, P.] Phytronix Technol, Quebec City, PQ G1P 2J7, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [355254]; Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Quebec; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Phytronix Technologies, Quebec FX The authors are thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant 355254) for financial support. Thanks to the Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Quebec, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Phytronix Technologies, Quebec for providing Ph.D. scholarship (BMP Innovation) to D.P. Mohapatra. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 EI 1873-3573 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 99 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.05.047 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 020CC UT WOS:000309785300035 PM 22967548 ER PT J AU Wong, K Fong, TT Bibby, K Molina, M AF Wong, Kelvin Fong, Theng-Theng Bibby, Kyle Molina, Marirosa TI Application of enteric viruses for fecal pollution source tracking in environmental waters SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE Microbial source tracking; Enteric virus; PCR; Metagenomics; Next generation sequencing; Virus concentration method ID MICROBIAL SOURCE-TRACKING; REAL-TIME PCR; TANGENTIAL-FLOW ULTRAFILTRATION; HOLLOW-FIBER ULTRAFILTRATION; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MALE-SPECIFIC COLIPHAGES; TAQMAN QUANTITATIVE PCR; TORQUE TENO VIRUSES; TAP WATER AB Microbial source tracking (MST) tools are used to identify sources of fecal pollution for accurately assessing public health risk and implementing best management practices (BMPs). This review focuses on the potential of enteric viruses for MST applications. Following host infection, enteric viruses replicate and are excreted in high numbers in the hosts' feces and urine. Due to the specificity in host infection, enteric viruses have been considered one of the most accurate library-independent culture-independent MST tools. In an assessment of molecular viral assays based on sensitivity, specificity and the density of the target virus in fecal-impacted samples, human adenovirus and human polyomavirus were found to be the most promising human-specific viral markers. However, more research is needed to identify promising viral markers for livestock because of cross-reactions that were observed among livestock species or the limited number of samples tested for specificity. Other viral indicators of fecal origin, F+ RNA coliphage and pepper mild mottle virus, have also been proposed as potential targets for developing MST markers. Enhancing the utility of enteric viruses for MST applications through next generation sequencing (NGS) and virus concentration technology is discussed in the latter part of this review. The massive sequence databases generated by shotgun and gene-targeted metagenomics enable more efficient and reliable design of MST assays. Finally, recent studies revealed that alternative virus concentration methodologies may be more cost-effective than standard technologies such as 1MDS; however, improvements in the recovery efficiency and consistency are still needed. Overall, developments in metagenomic information combined with efficient concentration methodologies, as well as high host-specificity, make enteric viruses a promising tool in MST applications. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wong, Kelvin; Molina, Marirosa] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Fong, Theng-Theng] Clancy Environm Consultants, St Albans, VT 05478 USA. [Bibby, Kyle] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Wong, K (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA USA. EM wong.kelvin@epa.gov OI Bibby, Kyle/0000-0003-3142-6090 FU STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement [FP917115]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX Kyle Bibby was supported by STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement no. FP917115 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This report has been subjected to the agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for publication. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this report does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 174 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 5 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD SEP 15 PY 2012 VL 45 BP 151 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2012.02.009 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 964WZ UT WOS:000305728700020 PM 22537583 ER PT J AU Keith, DJ Milstead, B Walker, H Snook, H Szykman, J Wusk, M Kagey, L Howell, C Mellanson, C Drueke, C AF Keith, Darryl J. Milstead, Bryan Walker, Henry Snook, Hilary Szykman, James Wusk, Michael Kagey, Les Howell, Charles Mellanson, Cecil Drueke, Christopher TI Trophic status, ecological condition, and cyanobacteria risk of New England lakes and ponds based on aircraft remote sensing SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE aircraft remote sensing; chlorophyll a; cyanobacteria; New England lakes and ponds ID TURBID PRODUCTIVE WATERS; CHLOROPHYLL-A; SEMIANALYTICAL MODEL; INLAND WATERS; REFLECTANCE; QUALITY; RETRIEVAL; BLOOMS AB Aircraft remote sensing of freshwater ecosystems offers federal and state monitoring agencies an ability to meet their assessment requirements by rapidly acquiring information on ecosystem responses to environmental change for water bodies that are below the resolution of space-based platforms. During this study, hyperspectral data were collected over a two-day period from glacial lakes, ponds, and man-made reservoirs in New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. These lakes ranged from five to greater than 1600 hectares and oligotrophic-mesotrophic to eutrophic and hypereutrophic conditions. Water samples were collected by several New England state agencies coincident with the airborne remote-sensing flights to provide ground reference data for algorithm development and testing. Using an inverse modeling approach remotely sensed reflectances from the near-infrared to red portion of the spectrum were used to develop an empirical model to estimate chlorophyll a concentrations. The accuracy of the algorithm was assessed from the RSM error of predicted and measured chlorophyll values for all lakes sampled. Results showed a strong statistical relationship between measured and predicted values. The predicted chlorophyll concentrations were used to assess the biological condition, trophic status, and recreational risk to human health for the New England lakes and ponds surveyed. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.JRS.6.063577] C1 [Keith, Darryl J.; Milstead, Bryan; Walker, Henry] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Snook, Hilary] US EPA, EPA Reg 1, New England Reg Lab, Chelmsford, MA 01863 USA. [Szykman, James] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Environm Serv Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wusk, Michael; Kagey, Les; Howell, Charles; Mellanson, Cecil] NASA, Langley Aerosp Res Ctr, Div Res Serv, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Drueke, Christopher] NASA, Langley Aerosp Res Ctr, Sci Directorate, Chem & Dynam Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Keith, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM keith.darryl@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through the Remote Sensing and Flight Services FX Although the research described in this article has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency through the Remote Sensing and Flight Services Support for USEPA's Air and Ecological Research Program cooperative agreement to NASA, it has not been subjected to agency review. Therefore it does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. This is contribution number ORD 1659 of the Atlantic Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 31 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD SEP 13 PY 2012 VL 6 AR 063577 DI 10.1117/1.JRS.6.063577 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 032FG UT WOS:000310697600001 ER PT J AU Riitters, KH Wickham, JD AF Riitters, Kurt H. Wickham, James D. TI Decline of forest interior conditions in the conterminous United States SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID LAND-COVER DATABASE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; BIODIVERSITY; DEFORESTATION; CONSEQUENCES; CONSERVATION; PATTERN; MODELS; BIRDS AB Forest fragmentation threatens the sustainability of forest interior environments, thereby endangering subordinate ecological attributes and functions. We analyzed the spatial patterns of forest loss and gain for the conterminous United States from 2001 to 2006 to determine whether forest interior environments were maintained at five spatial scales. A1.1% net loss of total forest area translated to net losses of 3.2% to 10.5% of forest interior area over spatial scales of 4.41 ha to 5,310 ha. At the 65.6-ha scale, the reduction of forest interior area was 50,000 km(2) - almost double the net loss of total forest area. The pervasive discrepancy between total forest loss and forest interior loss indicates a widespread shift of the extant forest to more fragmented conditions, even in regions exhibiting small net changes in extant forest area. In the conterminous United States, trends in total forest area underestimate threats to forest from forest fragmentation. C1 [Riitters, Kurt H.] USDA, So Res Stn, Forest Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wickham, James D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Riitters, KH (reprint author), USDA, So Res Stn, Forest Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kriitters@fs.fed.us FU United States Environmental Protection Agency, through Office of Research and Development FX We thank Kevin Potter, John Coulston and Brad Smith for comments. The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD SEP 13 PY 2012 VL 2 AR 653 DI 10.1038/srep00653 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 006GH UT WOS:000308807000001 PM 22977728 ER PT J AU Flynn, TM Sanford, RA Domingo, JWS Ashbolt, NJ Levine, AD Bethke, CM AF Flynn, Theodore M. Sanford, Robert A. Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Ashbolt, Nicholas J. Levine, Audrey D. Bethke, Craig M. TI The active bacterial community in a pristine confined aquifer SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; SULFATE REDUCTION; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES; REDUCING BACTERIA; DISSOLVED SULFIDE; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; CRETACEOUS ROCK; BEDROCK VALLEY AB This study of the active bacteria residing in a pristine confined aquifer provides unexpected insights into the ecology of iron-reducing and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the subsurface. At 18 wells, we trapped the microbes that attached to aquifer sediment and used molecular techniques to examine the bacterial populations. We used multivariate statistics to compare the composition of bacterial communities among the wells with respect to the chemistry of the groundwater. We found groundwater at each well was considerably richer in ferrous iron than sulfide, indicating iron-reducing bacteria should, by established criteria, dominate the sulfate reducers. Our results show, however, that areas where groundwater contains more than a negligible amount of sulfate (>0.03 mM), populations related to sulfate reducers of the genera Desulfobacter and Desulfobulbus were of nearly equal abundance with putative iron reducers related to Geobacter, Geothrix, and Desulfuromonas. Whereas sulfate is a key discriminant of bacterial community structure, we observed no statistical relationship between the distribution of bacterial populations in this aquifer and the concentration of either ferrous iron or dissolved sulfide. These results call into question the validity of using the relative concentration of these two ions to predict the nature of bacterial activity in an aquifer. Sulfate reducers and iron reducers do not appear to be segregated into discrete zones in the aquifer, as would be predicted by the theory of competitive exclusion. Instead, we find the two groups coexist in the subsurface in what we suggest is a mutualistic relationship. C1 [Flynn, Theodore M.; Sanford, Robert A.; Bethke, Craig M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL USA. [Domingo, Jorge W. Santo; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Levine, Audrey D.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Flynn, TM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tflynn@anl.gov RI Flynn, Theodore/C-1221-2008 OI Flynn, Theodore/0000-0002-1838-8942 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-02ER15317]; Argonne Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors thank B. Fouke, P. Jany, E. Luber, M. Kyrias, D. Strattan, M. Nolan, C. Salvatori, B. Iker, and A. Flynn for their invaluable assistance with this project. This work was also supported in part through funding from Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-02ER15317. T. Flynn acknowledges support from an Argonne Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 70 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 34 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD SEP 8 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W09510 DI 10.1029/2011WR011568 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 003HG UT WOS:000308599800001 ER PT J AU Powers, CM Dana, G Gillespie, P Gwinn, MR Hendren, CO Long, TC Wang, A Davis, JM AF Powers, Christina M. Dana, Genya Gillespie, Patricia Gwinn, Maureen R. Hendren, Christine Ogilvie Long, Thomas C. Wang, Amy Davis, J. Michael TI Comprehensive Environmental Assessment: A Meta-Assessment Approach SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTICRITERIA DECISION-ANALYSIS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; MANAGEMENT; ENERGY; IDENTIFICATION; COMPLEMENTARY; NANOMATERIALS; BIOFUELS AB With growing calls for changes in the field of risk assessment, improved systematic approaches for addressing environmental issues with greater transparency and stakeholder engagement are needed to ensure sustainable trade-offs. Here we describe the comprehensive environmental assessment (CEA) approach as a holistic way to manage complex information and to structure input from diverse stakeholder perspectives to support environmental decision-making for the near- and long-term. We further note how CEA builds upon and incorporates other available tools and approaches, describe its current application at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and point out how it could be extended in evaluating a major issue such as the sustainability of biofuels. C1 [Powers, Christina M.; Dana, Genya; Gillespie, Patricia; Hendren, Christine Ogilvie] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, ORISE, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gwinn, Maureen R.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wang, Amy] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Powers, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, ORISE, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM christina@epa.gov; davis.jmichael@mindspring.com OI Davis, J Michael/0000-0003-2765-9684 FU U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX We are grateful for helpful comments and discussions that were provided by several reviewers, especially Stan Durkee and Sarah Mazur. This project was supported in part by appointments of G.D., P.G., C.O.H., C.P., and A.W. to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the EPA. Views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of State, the U.S. Government, or any other organization. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9202 EP 9208 DI 10.1021/es3023072 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700002 PM 22889372 ER PT J AU Munoz, M Gullett, BK Touati, A Font, R AF Munoz, Maria Gullett, Brian K. Touati, Abderrahmane Font, Rafael TI Effect of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) on PCDD/F Emissions from Open Burning of Biomass SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; PINE NEEDLES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; FOREST-FIRE; FORMULATIONS; COMBUSTION; AIR; SIMULATIONS; IMPURITIES; SUGARCANE AB To understand the effect of leaf-surface pesticides on emissions of PCDD/F during biomass burns, nine combustion experiments simulating the open burning of biomass were conducted. Needles and branches of Pinus taeda (Lob lolly pine) were sprayed with the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 1 and 10 times the manufacturer's recommended application concentration. The biomass was then dried overnight, burned in an open burn test facility, and emission samples were collected, analyzed, and compared against emission samples from burning untreated biomass. Blank tests and analysis of PCDD/F in the raw biomass were also performed. Emission results from burning a water-sprayed control show a similar to 20-fold increase in PCDD/F levels above that of the raw biomass alone, implicating combustive formation versus simple volatilization. Results from burns of pine branches sprayed with pesticide showed a statistically significant increase in the PCDD/F TEQ emissions when burning biomass at ten times the recommended pesticide concentration (from 0.22 to 1.14 ng TEQ/kg carbon burned (C-b), both ND = 0). Similarly, a 150-fold increase in the total PCDD/F congener mass (tetra- to octa-chlorinated D/F) above that of the control was observed (from 52 to 7800 ng/kg C-b), confirming combustive formation of PCDD/F from 2,4-D. More replicate testing is needed to evaluate effects at lower pesticide concentrations. C1 [Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL E343 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Munoz, Maria; Font, Rafael] Univ Alicante, Dept Chem Engn, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. [Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL E343 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov RI Font, Rafael/E-5523-2016; OI Font, Rafael/0000-0002-6515-4209; MUNOZ, MARIA/0000-0003-1103-4153 FU U.S. EPA; University of Alicante; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CTQ 2008-05520]; Prometeo [2009/043/FEDER]; Valencian Community of Spain [ACOM 2011/224] FX Special thanks are due to Steve Terll and Donnie Gillis (ARCADIS U.S., Inc.) in setting up the experiments; to Barbara Wyrzykowska (ARCADIS U.S., Inc.) for GC/HRMS analysis and Dennis Tabor (U.S. EPA) for laboratory analysis. This research was performed at the U.S. EPA and supported in part by the U.S. EPA. The visiting student, M.M., wants to thank the University of Alicante for their economic support to perform this research and the project CTQ 2008-05520 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Prometeo 2009/043/FEDER and ACOM 2011/224 of the Valencian Community of Spain. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9308 EP 9314 DI 10.1021/es301954t PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700013 PM 22845342 ER PT J AU Todd, AS Manning, AH Verplanck, PL Crouch, C McKnight, DM Dunham, R AF Todd, Andrew S. Manning, Andrew H. Verplanck, Philip L. Crouch, Caitlin McKnight, Diane M. Dunham, Ryan TI Climate-Change-Driven Deterioration of Water Quality in a Mineralized Watershed SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SULFIDE MINERALS; PYRITE OXIDATION; PERMAFROST THAW; ALPINE LAKES; FRONT RANGE; TEMPERATURE; CHEMISTRY; COLORADO; ROCK AB A unique. 30-year streamwater chemistry data set from a mineralized alpine watershed with naturally acidic, metal-rich water displays dissolved concentrations of Zn and other metals of ecological concern increasing by 100-400% (400-2000 mu g/L) during low-flow months, when metal concentrations are highest. SO4 and other major ions show similar increases. A lack of natural or anthropogenic land disturbances in the watershed during the study period suggests that climate change is the underlying cause. Local mean annual and mean summer air temperatures have increased at a rate of 0.2-1.2 degrees C/decade since the 1980s. Other climatic and hydrologic indices, including stream discharge during low-flow months, do not display statistically significant trends. Consideration of potential specific causal mechanisms driven by rising temperatures suggests that melting of permafrost and falling water tables (from decreased recharge) are probable explanations for the increasing concentrations. The prospect of future widespread increases in dissolved solutes from mineralized watersheds is concerning given likely negative impacts on downstream ecosystems and water resources, and complications created for the establishment of attainable remediation objectives at mine sites. C1 [Todd, Andrew S.; Manning, Andrew H.; Verplanck, Philip L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Crouch, Caitlin; McKnight, Diane M.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dunham, Ryan] US EPA, Denver, CO USA. RP Todd, AS (reprint author), Mail Box 25046,MS 964D, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM atodd@usgs.gov OI MCKNIGHT, DIANE/0000-0002-4171-1533; Manning, Andrew/0000-0002-6404-1237 FU USGS Mineral Resources Program; EPA Federal Facilities program; Northwest Colorado Council of Governments FX Funding sources include the USGS Mineral Resources Program, the EPA Federal Facilities program, and the Northwest Colorado Council of Governments. We thank R Anthony with the Colorado Water Quality Control Division for providing access to state data. We thank W. Schroeder with the EPA for his extensive fieldwork. We thank J. Wyatt with EPA and R. Blackburn with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for their commitment to this project. We thank the three anonymous journal reviewers and A. Mast (USGS) for their insightful comments which greatly improved this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency but do represent the views of the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 63 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 8 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9324 EP 9332 DI 10.1021/es3020056 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700015 PM 22897340 ER PT J AU Zhang, HF Worton, DR Lewandowski, M Ortega, J Rubitschun, CL Park, JH Kristensen, K Campuzano-Jost, P Day, DA Jimenez, JL Jaoui, M Offenberg, JH Kleindienst, TE Gilman, J Kuster, WC de Gouw, J Park, C Schade, GW Frossard, AA Russell, L Kaser, L Jud, W Hansel, A Cappellin, L Karl, T Glasius, M Guenther, A Goldstein, AH Seinfeld, JH Gold, A Kamens, RM Surratt, JD AF Zhang, Haofei Worton, David R. Lewandowski, Michael Ortega, John Rubitschun, Caitlin L. Park, Jeong-Hoo Kristensen, Kasper Campuzano-Jost, Pedro Day, Douglas A. Jimenez, Jose L. Jaoui, Mohammed Offenberg, John H. Kleindienst, Tadeusz E. Gilman, Jessica Kuster, William C. de Gouw, Joost Park, Changhyoun Schade, Gunnar W. Frossard, Amanda A. Russell, Lynn Kaser, Lisa Jud, Werner Hansel, Armin Cappellin, Luca Karl, Thomas Glasius, Marianne Guenther, Alex Goldstein, Allen H. Seinfeld, John H. Gold, Avram Kamens, Richard M. Surratt, Jason D. TI Organosulfates as Tracers for Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) Formation from 2-Methyl-3-Buten-2-ol (MBO) in the Atmosphere SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PONDEROSA PINE PLANTATION; ISOPRENE-DERIVED ORGANOSULFATES; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; AMBIENT AEROSOLS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; OXIDATION; PHOTOOXIDATION; ACID AB 2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) is an important biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emitted by pine trees and a potential precursor of atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in forested regions. In the present study, hydroxyl radical (OH)-initiated oxidation of MBO was examined in smog chambers under varied initial nitric oxide (NO) and aerosol acidity levels. Results indicate measurable SOA from MBO under low-NO conditions. Moreover, increasing aerosol acidity was found to enhance MBO SOA. Chemical characterization of laboratory-generated MBO SOA reveals that an organosulfate species (C5H12O6S, MW 200) formed and was substantially enhanced with elevated aerosol acidity. Ambient fine aerosol (PM2.5) samples collected from the BEARPEX campaign during 2007 and 2009, as well as from the BEACHON-RoMBAS campaign during 2011, were also analyzed. The MBO-derived organosulfate characterized from laboratory-generated aerosol was observed in PM2.5 collected from these campaigns, demonstrating that it is continued.. C1 [Zhang, Haofei; Rubitschun, Caitlin L.; Gold, Avram; Kamens, Richard M.; Surratt, Jason D.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Worton, David R.; Park, Jeong-Hoo; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Worton, David R.] Aerosol Dynam Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA. [Lewandowski, Michael; Offenberg, John H.; Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ortega, John; Cappellin, Luca; Karl, Thomas; Guenther, Alex] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Kristensen, Kasper; Glasius, Marianne] Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Campuzano-Jost, Pedro; Day, Douglas A.; Jimenez, Jose L.; Gilman, Jessica; de Gouw, Joost] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Campuzano-Jost, Pedro; Day, Douglas A.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Jaoui, Mohammed] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gilman, Jessica; Kuster, William C.; de Gouw, Joost] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Park, Changhyoun; Schade, Gunnar W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Frossard, Amanda A.; Russell, Lynn] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kaser, Lisa; Jud, Werner; Hansel, Armin] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ion Phys & Appl Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Surratt, JD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM surratt@unc.edu RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Schade, Gunnar/G-9000-2012; Hansel, Armin/F-3915-2010; Worton, David/A-8374-2012; Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010; Park, Jeong-Hoo/I-2923-2013; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Cappellin, Luca/C-1955-2012; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Surratt, Jason/D-3611-2009; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Schade, Gunnar/0000-0003-4327-0839; Hansel, Armin/0000-0002-1062-2394; Worton, David/0000-0002-6558-5586; Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426; Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Cappellin, Luca/0000-0001-6740-3638; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Surratt, Jason/0000-0002-6833-1450; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Glasius, Marianne/0000-0002-4404-6989 FU U.S. EPA contract [EP-W-09-023]; NSF [ATM-0922562, ATM-0919189, ATM -0934345]; NSF sponsorship of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR); NIEHS [5P20-ES10126]; Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI); DOE (BER/ASR Program [DE-SC0006035, DE-SC0006711]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF); DOC-fFORTE-fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at the Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics; [ATM-0904203] FX This study was supported by an U.S. EPA contract (EP-W-09-023) to the University of North Carolina. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here under Contract EP-D-10-070 to Alion Science and Technology. The manuscript is subjected to external peer review and has been not been cleared for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation. The BEARPEX measurements were supported by an NSF grant ATM-0922562 to the University of California, Berkeley, and ATM-0904203 to the University of California, San Diego. The BEACHON-RoMBAS measurements were supported by NSF sponsorship of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). UPLC/ESI-HR-Q-TOFMS analyses were conducted in the UNC-CH Biomarker Mass Facility located within the Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, which is a part of the UNC-CH Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility and is supported by NIEHS (Grant 5P20-ES10126). J.D.S. was supported in part by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). Thanks to Ying-Hsuan Lin for helping to operate the UPLC/(-)ESI-HR-Q-TOFMS instrument. The meteorological measurements from BEACHON-RoMBAS were performed by Andrew A. Tumipseed. The IC measurements for BEARPEX 2009 were performed by M. P. Madsen. P.C.J., DAD., and J.L.J. were supported by NSF ATM-0919189 and DOE (BER/ASR Program) DE-SC0006035 and DE-SC0006711. GC-FID measurements by Texas A&M were funded by NSF ATM -0934345. Measurements conducted by the University of Innsbruck were supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): L.K. is a recipient of a DOC-fFORTE-fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at the Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics. NR 62 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 13 U2 159 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9437 EP 9446 DI 10.1021/es301648z PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700028 PM 22849588 ER PT J AU Henze, DK Shindell, DT Akhtar, F Spurr, RJD Pinder, RW Loughlin, D Kopacz, M Singh, K Shim, C AF Henze, Daven K. Shindell, Drew T. Akhtar, Farhan Spurr, Robert J. D. Pinder, Robert W. Loughlin, Dan Kopacz, Monika Singh, Kumaresh Shim, Changsub TI Spatially Refined Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing Efficiencies SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEXT-GENERATION; AIR-QUALITY; CLIMATE; MODELS; SATELLITE; EMISSIONS; TRANSPORT; STABILIZATION; CONSTRAINTS; DEPOSITION AB Global aerosol direct radiative forcing (DRF) is an important metric for assessing potential climate impacts of future emissions changes. However, the radiative consequences of emissions perturbations are not readily quantified nor well understood at the level of detail necessary to assess realistic policy options. To address this challenge, here we show how adjoint model sensitivities can be used to provide highly spatially resolved estimates of the DRF from emissions of black carbon (BC), primary organic carbon (OC), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ammonia (NH3), using the example of emissions from each sector and country following multiple Representative Concentration Pathway (RCPs). The radiative forcing efficiencies of many individual emissions are found to differ considerably from regional or sectoral averages for NH3, SO2 from the power sector, and BC from domestic, industrial, transportation and biomass burning sources. Consequently, the amount of emissions controls required to attain a specific DRF varies at intracontinental scales by up to a factor of 4. These results thus demonstrate both a need and means for incorporating spatially refined aerosol DRF into analysis of future emissions scenario and design of air quality and climate change mitigation policies. C1 [Henze, Daven K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Shindell, Drew T.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Shindell, Drew T.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Akhtar, Farhan; Pinder, Robert W.; Loughlin, Dan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Spurr, Robert J. D.] RT Solut Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kopacz, Monika] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Singh, Kumaresh] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Shim, Changsub] Korea Environm Inst, Seoul, South Korea. RP Henze, DK (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM daven.henze@colorado.edu RI Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; Singh, Kumaresh/P-4857-2016 OI Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126; FU NASA [NNH09ZDA001N]; NASA AQAST [NNH09ZDA001N] FX D.K.H. recognizes support from the NASA New Investigator Program (NNH09ZDA001N), NASA AQAST (NNH09ZDA001N), and use of NASA HEC computing facilities. While this manuscript has been reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect official agency views or policies. NR 65 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9511 EP 9518 DI 10.1021/es301993s PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700036 PM 22881708 ER PT J AU Johnston, CT Khan, B Barth, EF Chattopadhyay, S Boyd, SA AF Johnston, Cliff T. Khan, Bushra Barth, Edwin F. Chattopadhyay, Sandip Boyd, Stephen A. TI Nature of the Interlayer Environment in an Organoclay Optimized for the Sequestration of Dibenzo-p-dioxin SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CATIONIC SURFACTANT ADSORPTION; X-RAY-SCATTERING; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CLAY-MINERALS; DIMETHYLDIOCTADECYLAMMONIUM-MONTMORILLONITE; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITES; LAYER SILICATES; SORPTION; WATER; SMECTITE AB A Na-smectite clay (Na-SWy-2) was exchanged with various amounts of dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DODA-Br) up to twice the cation exchange capacity (CEC). The organoclay (DODA-SWy-2) with DODA-Br added at 2 X CEC exhibited a maximum 4.2 nm d-spacing and a 31.4% carbon content, which demonstrates DODA(+) intercalation. DODA-SWy-2 was evaluated as an archetype of commercial products used to sequester hydrophobic contaminants, and the nature of the primarily C18 alkylhydrocarbon-chain interlayer environment was emhasized. Shifts in nu(CH) and CH2 rocking band positions in DODA-SWy-2-complex FTIR-spectra indicate that DODA C18 chains were more ordered as DODA surface coverage was increased. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated a DODA-SWy-2 gel-to-liquid transition temperature much lower than the melting point of crystalline DODA-Br and similar to that of aqueous DODA-Br vesicles. This suggests that the transition was governed by C18 alkyl tail-tail interactions in the clay interlamellar region. Dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) sorption from water by DODA-SWy-2 was compared to DD sorption by the geosorbents granular activated carbon (GAC), K-exchanged saponite, and a muck soil. The linear K-1 sorption coefficients (log K-1) from a linear fit of the sorption isotherms were 4.37 for DODA-SWy-2, 5.55 for GAC, 3.19 for muck soil, and 2.46 for K-saponite. The DD-organic-matter-normalized sorption coefficient (K-om) was similar to 2.4 times the octanol-water partition coefficient (K-ow). This indicates that DD has a higher affinity for the nonpolar interlayer DODA organic phase than for octanol. In contrast, the K-om for muck soil DD sorption was similar to 10 times less than K-ow, which reflects the higher polarity of amorphous soil organic matter relative to octanol. Enhanced DD uptake by the DODA-derived lipophilic phase in the organoclay is attributed to the low polarity, "open" C18 alkyl structure due to the physical dimensions of "v-shaped" DODA(+) molecular, and low density of the interlamellar phase (similar to 0.50 g/cm3) density of intercalated DODA(+). C1 [Johnston, Cliff T.; Khan, Bushra] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Barth, Edwin F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Sandip] Tetra Tech Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45202 USA. [Boyd, Stephen A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Johnston, CT (reprint author), Purdue Univ, 915 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM clays@purdue.edu RI Boyd, Stephen/G-5819-2010 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Science (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P42 ES004911] FX The authors (CTJ, BK, SAB) would like to acknowledge financial support for this project by Grant P42 ES004911 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Science (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH). NR 65 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9584 EP 9591 DI 10.1021/es300699y PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700046 PM 22856528 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Mejia, AM Eason, TN Cabezas, H Suidan, MT AF Gonzalez-mejia, Alejandra M. Eason, Tarsha N. Cabezas, Heriberto Suidan, Makram T. TI Assessing Sustainability in Real Urban Systems: The Greater Cincinnati Metropolitan Area in Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FISHER INFORMATION; INDEXES AB Urban systems have a number of factors (i.e., economic, social, and environmental) that can potentially impact growth, change, and transition. As such, assessing and managing these systems is a complex challenge. While, tracking trends of key variables may provide some insight, identifying the critical characteristics that truly impact the dynamic behavior of these systems is difficult. As an integrated approach to evaluate real urban systems, this work contributes to the research on scientific techniques for assessing sustainability. Specifically, it proposes a practical methodology based on the estimation of dynamic order, for identifying stable and unstable periods of sustainable or unsustainable trends with Fisher Information (FI) metric. As a test case, the dynamic behavior of the City, Suburbs, and Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) of Cincinnati was evaluated by using 29 social and 11 economic variables to characterize each system from 1970 to 2009. Air quality variables were also selected to describe the MSA's environmental component (1980-2009). Results indicate systems dynamic started to change from about 1995 for the social variables and about 2000 for the economic and environmental characteristics. C1 [Gonzalez-mejia, Alejandra M.; Suidan, Makram T.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Environm Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Gonzalez-mejia, Alejandra M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Eason, Tarsha N.; Cabezas, Heriberto] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut, Lebanon. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Environm Program, 2901 Woodside Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM msuidan@aub.edu.lb NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9620 EP 9629 DI 10.1021/es3007904 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700051 PM 22775116 ER PT J AU Ekman, DR Hartig, PC Cardon, M Skelton, DM Teng, Q Durhan, EJ Jensen, KM Kahl, MD Villeneuve, DL Gray, LE Collette, TW Ankley, GT AF Ekman, D. R. Hartig, P. C. Cardon, M. Skelton, D. M. Teng, Q. Durhan, E. J. Jensen, K. M. Kahl, M. D. Villeneuve, D. L. Gray, L. E., Jr. Collette, T. W. Ankley, G. T. TI Metabolite Profiling and a Transcriptional Activation Assay Provide Direct Evidence of Androgen Receptor Antagonism by Bisphenol A in Fish SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOW; ENVIRONMENTAL ESTROGENS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; IN-VITRO; EXPOSURE; 17-ALPHA-ETHYNYLESTRADIOL; ANTIANDROGEN; RESPONSES; TOXICITY AB Widespread environmental contamination by bisphenol A (BPA) has created the need to fully define its potential toxic mechanisms of action (MOA) to properly assess human health and ecological risks from exposure. Although long recognized as an estrogen receptor (ER) agonist, some data suggest that BPA may also behave as an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist. However, direct evidence of this activity is deficient. To address this knowledge gap, we employed a metabolomic approach using in vivo exposures of fathead minnows (FHM; Pimephales promelas) to BPA either alone or in a binary mixture with 17 beta-trenbolone (TB), a strong AR agonist. Changes in liver metabolite profiles in female FHM in response to these exposures were determined using high resolution H-1 NMR spectroscopy and multivariate and univariate statistics. Using this approach, we observed clear evidence of the ability of BPA to mitigate the impact of TB, consistent with an antiandrogenic MOA. In addition, a transcriptional activation assay with the FHM AR was used to confirm the AR antagonistic activity of BPA in vitro. The results of these in vivo and in vitro analyses provide strong and direct evidence for ascribing an antiandrogenic MOA to BPA in vertebrates. C1 [Ekman, D. R.; Skelton, D. M.; Teng, Q.; Collette, T. W.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hartig, P. C.; Cardon, M.; Gray, L. E., Jr.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Durhan, E. J.; Jensen, K. M.; Kahl, M. D.; Villeneuve, D. L.; Ankley, G. T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Ekman, DR (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM ekman.drew@epa.gov NR 41 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 56 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 17 BP 9673 EP 9680 DI 10.1021/es3014634 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998SM UT WOS:000308260700057 PM 22846149 ER PT J AU Pendleton, L Donato, DC Murray, BC Crooks, S Jenkins, WA Sifleet, S Craft, C Fourqurean, JW Kauffman, JB Marba, N Megonigal, P Pidgeon, E Herr, D Gordon, D Baldera, A AF Pendleton, Linwood Donato, Daniel C. Murray, Brian C. Crooks, Stephen Jenkins, W. Aaron Sifleet, Samantha Craft, Christopher Fourqurean, James W. Kauffman, J. Boone Marba, Nuria Megonigal, Patrick Pidgeon, Emily Herr, Dorothee Gordon, David Baldera, Alexis TI Estimating Global "Blue Carbon" Emissions from Conversion and Degradation of Vegetated Coastal Ecosystems SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MANGROVE FOREST DISTRIBUTIONS; SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; METHANE; CO2; SEQUESTRATION; DEFORESTATION; CONSERVATION; SEDIMENTS; ESTUARY AB Recent attention has focused on the high rates of annual carbon sequestration in vegetated coastal ecosystems-marshes, mangroves, and seagrasses-that may be lost with habitat destruction ('conversion'). Relatively unappreciated, however, is that conversion of these coastal ecosystems also impacts very large pools of previously-sequestered carbon. Residing mostly in sediments, this 'blue carbon' can be released to the atmosphere when these ecosystems are converted or degraded. Here we provide the first global estimates of this impact and evaluate its economic implications. Combining the best available data on global area, land-use conversion rates, and near-surface carbon stocks in each of the three ecosystems, using an uncertainty-propagation approach, we estimate that 0.15-1.02 Pg (billion tons) of carbon dioxide are being released annually, several times higher than previous estimates that account only for lost sequestration. These emissions are equivalent to 3-19% of those from deforestation globally, and result in economic damages of $US 6-42 billion annually. The largest sources of uncertainty in these estimates stems from limited certitude in global area and rates of land-use conversion, but research is also needed on the fates of ecosystem carbon upon conversion. Currently, carbon emissions from the conversion of vegetated coastal ecosystems are not included in emissions accounting or carbon market protocols, but this analysis suggests they may be disproportionally important to both. Although the relevant science supporting these initial estimates will need to be refined in coming years, it is clear that policies encouraging the sustainable management of coastal ecosystems could significantly reduce carbon emissions from the land-use sector, in addition to sustaining the well-recognized ecosystem services of coastal habitats. C1 [Pendleton, Linwood; Murray, Brian C.; Jenkins, W. Aaron; Gordon, David] Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst Environm Policy Solut, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Donato, Daniel C.] Univ Wisconsin, Ecosyst & Landscape Ecol Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Crooks, Stephen] ESA Phillip Williams & Associates, San Francisco, CA USA. [Sifleet, Samantha] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Craft, Christopher] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN USA. [Fourqurean, James W.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Miami, FL USA. [Fourqurean, James W.] Florida Int Univ, SE Environm Res Ctr, N Miami, FL USA. [Kauffman, J. Boone] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kauffman, J. Boone] Ctr Int Forest Res, Bogor, Indonesia. [Marba, Nuria] Mediterranean Inst Adv Studies, Dept Global Change Res, Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain. [Megonigal, Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Pidgeon, Emily] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA USA. [Herr, Dorothee] Int Union Conservat Nat, Washington, DC USA. [Baldera, Alexis] Ocean Conservancy, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Pendleton, L (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst Environm Policy Solut, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM ddonato@wisc.edu RI Fourqurean, James/B-4606-2008; Marba, Nuria/H-8136-2015 OI Fourqurean, James/0000-0002-0811-8500; Marba, Nuria/0000-0002-8048-6789 FU Linden Trust for Conservation; Roger and Victoria Sant FX Funding for this effort was provided by the Linden Trust for Conservation (lindentrust.org) and Roger and Victoria Sant. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 141 Z9 148 U1 31 U2 347 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 4 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 9 AR e43542 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0043542 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 002ZJ UT WOS:000308577600013 PM 22962585 ER PT J AU Shao, K AF Shao, Kan TI A comparison of three methods for integrating historical information for Bayesian model averaged benchmark dose estimation SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bayesian model averaging; Benchmark dose; Historical information integration; Pooled data analysis; Bayesian hierarchical model; Power prior ID POWER PRIOR DISTRIBUTIONS; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-PARA-DIOXIN; CARCINOGENICITY; SELECTION; RATS AB The benchmark dose (BMD) approach has been accepted as a valuable tool for risk assessment but still faces significant challenges associated with combining environmental hazard information from multiple sources and selecting an appropriate BMD/BMDL estimate from the results of a set of acceptable dose-response models. The main objective of this study is to compare and examine how historical information, especially incompatible data, can impact the Bayesian model averaged BMD estimate through different integration methods. Based on the Bayesian model averaging (BMA) for the benchmark dose estimation, three methods of integration are investigated: (1) pooled data analysis, which combines all dose groups into one dataset; (2) the Bayesian hierarchical model, which takes both between-study and within-study uncertainty into account by building multiple levels of distributions to quantitatively describe parameters in dose-response models; and (3) the power prior method, which allows researchers to weigh the prior information incorporated through a power parameter. Combined historical information can have different levels of impact on the current model weight and BMD estimates depending on the method of integration. The pooled data analysis, which has the largest impact on the current BMA BMD estimate, has limited applicability and might be statistically and biologically flawed. The Bayesian hierarchical model, with a reasonable structure to combine information, can slightly change the current estimates of the model weights and BMD. The power prior method has little influence on current estimates when data are highly incompatible even if the prior information is fully considered. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shao, K (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, NCEA B243-01,109TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Shao.Kan@epa.gov RI Shao, Kan/L-5659-2013; Shao, Kan/B-8242-2015 OI Shao, Kan/0000-0002-5512-2377; Shao, Kan/0000-0002-5512-2377 FU Heinz Endowments; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX The major part of this study was finished when the author was a Ph.D. candidate at Carnegie Mellon University. The author would like to thank Dr. Mitchell J. Small for his comments and suggestions on an early version of this article. This research was partially supported by the Heinz Endowments, and also supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1382-6689 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL PHAR JI Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 34 IS 2 BP 288 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.etap.2012.05.002 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 065NQ UT WOS:000313155600020 PM 22647377 ER PT J AU Johnson, TE Butcher, JB Parker, A Weaver, CP AF Johnson, T. E. Butcher, J. B. Parker, A. Weaver, C. P. TI Investigating the Sensitivity of U.S. Streamflow and Water Quality to Climate Change: U.S. EPA Global Change Research Program's 20 Watersheds Project SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Water quality; Watershed modeling; Scenarios; Policy and management decision support ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; CHANGE IMPACTS; EPIC MODEL; CATCHMENT; CO2; ELEVATION; RESPONSES; BASIN; UK AB The U.S. EPA's Global Change Research Program (GCRP) recently began an effort to address gaps in the current knowledge of the sensitivity of U.S. streamflow, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus), and sediment loading to potential future climate change, and the methodological challenges associated with integrating existing tools (e.g., climate models, land-use models, watershed models) and data sets to address these scientific questions. The study is based on watershed modeling in 20 large U.S. watersheds. The purpose of this paper is to describe the overall structure of this ongoing effort-methods, sites, models, and scenarios-and discuss preliminary results generated to date for a subset of the watersheds. Specifically, a representative set of modeling results are reviewed that encompass the full suite of sensitivity tests explored in this project. These results illustrate a number of key methodological issues, sensitivities, and uncertainties associated with carrying out these types of climate change/hydrologic impacts assessments, including: the sensitivity of simulated changes to the watershed model used; the sensitivity of simulated changes to climate model and downscaling approach used; and the interaction between climate change and other key forcing factors, specifically urbanization and change in atmospheric CO2 concentration. In addition, this suite of results provides an overview of the response to climate change in different geographic regions and the different sensitivities of a variety of flow and water quality end points. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000175. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Johnson, T. E.; Weaver, C. P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Butcher, J. B.] Tetra Tech Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Parker, A.] Tetra Tech Inc, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Weaver, CP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM weaver.chris@epa.gov RI Weaver, Christopher/G-3714-2010 OI Weaver, Christopher/0000-0003-4016-5451 FU National Science Foundation FX The writers acknowledge and thank, for their ongoing hard work, the entire project team at Tetra Tech (Tt), AQUA TERRA (AT), Texas A&M University (TAMU), Stratus Consulting, and FTN Associates. In particular, thanks to Mustafa Faizullabhoy (Tt), Jeremy Wyss (Tt), Scott Job (Tt), Sam Sarkar (Tt), Eugenia Hart (Tt), John Imhoff (AT), Brian Bicknell (AT), Paul Duda (AT), Jack Kittle (AT), Raghavan Srinivasan (TAMU), Pushpa Tuppad (TAMU), and Debjani Deb (TAMU). The writers also thank Seth McGinnis of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) for processing the NARCCAP output into change statistics for use in the watershed modeling, as well as the NARCCAP and BCSD project teams. NCAR is supported by the National Science Foundation. The writers acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP CMIP3 multi model data set. Support of this data set is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. The writers wish to thank Dwight Atkinson and Karen Metchis for providing comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Finally, the writers wish to thank the Global Change Research Program staff in U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development's National Center for Environmental Assessment for many useful discussions. The views expressed in this paper represent those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 44 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 EI 1943-5452 J9 J WATER RES PLAN MAN JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 138 IS 5 BP 453 EP 464 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000175 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 068IF UT WOS:000313359200009 ER PT J AU Selvakumar, A Tafuri, AN AF Selvakumar, Ariamalar Tafuri, Anthony N. TI Rehabilitation of Aging Water Infrastructure Systems: Key Challenges and Issues SO JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Water distribution systems; Rehabilitation; Wastewater management; Trenchless technology; Renewal; Rehabilitation; Water distribution; Wastewater collection; Trenchless technologies; Cured-in-place ID REPLACEMENT AB Presented in this paper are the results of a state-of-the-practice survey on the rehabilitation of water distribution and wastewater collection systems. The survey identified several needs, including the need for rational and common design approaches for rehabilitation systems, quality assurance/quality control procedures and acceptance testing during installation of rehabilitation systems, and decision support tools for choosing rehabilitation/rehabilitation systems versus replacement. Discussed are separate issues for water and wastewater systems in terms of drivers for increased rehabilitation efforts and problems typically encountered. Also examined are the major technologies currently in use and the major issues and key challenges faced in terms of speeding rehabilitation efforts and documenting/improving the performance of the technologies used. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000091. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Selvakumar, Ariamalar; Tafuri, Anthony N.] US EPA, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Selvakumar, A (reprint author), US EPA, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS 104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM Selvakumar.ariamalar@epa.gov; tafuri.anthony@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1076-0342 J9 J INFRASTRUCT SYST JI J. Infrastruct. Syst. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 18 IS 3 BP 202 EP 209 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000091 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 059OW UT WOS:000312715900005 ER PT J AU Wang, ZM Sahle-Demessie, E Hassan, AA Perrett, C AF Wang, Zhong-Min Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Hassan, Ashraf Aly Perrett, Christopher TI Surface Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of Nano-TiO2 Thin Film for Selective Oxidation SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Flame-aerosol coating; TiO2; Nanostructured thin film; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticle synthesis; Photocatalysis; Photocatalyst; Selective oxidation; Green chemistry ID SEMICONDUCTOR PHOTOCATALYSIS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; AEROSOL-DEPOSITION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; TIO2 CATALYST; DEGRADATION; PHOTOOXIDATION; PURIFICATION; ALCOHOLS AB Controlled titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited on stainless steel surfaces using the flame-aerosol synthetic technique, which is a one-step coating process that does not require further calcination. Solid state characterization of the coatings was conducted by different techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope. The coated thin films were used in a gas phase photoreactor for the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to alcohols and ketones as an alternative production method for the highly sought oxygenates. For this purpose, the oxidation reaction of cyclohexane to form cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone was chosen as a model reaction. The effects of the film thickness, anatase-to-rutile ratio, and particle morphology on the reactivity of the catalyst were studied. Experimental results revealed that there is an optimal film thickness (between 400 and 700 nm) for the photooxidation process that gave a maximum rate of reaction. The yield and selectivity of TiO2 increased with the increase of the film thickness up to 350-400 nm. The activity decreased with a further increase in thickness. The influence of the crystallographic structure of TiO2 on the partial oxidation of cyclohexane showed that the catalyst efficiency increased almost linearly with the increase of the anatase fraction between 20 and 95%. The coating technique that formed highly porous and soft aggregated TiO2 thin films with rough morphology showed lower photoactivity than the technique that formed fine particle and transparent thin film. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000542. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Wang, Zhong-Min] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Lab, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew; Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Perrett, Christopher] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wang, ZM (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Lab, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,EHLB G365, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM zwang@cdph.ca.gov; sahle-demessie.endalkachew@epa.gov; hassan.asharf@epa.gov; Parrett.Christopher@epa.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 45 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2012 VL 138 IS 9 BP 923 EP 931 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000542 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 051CL UT WOS:000312102000003 ER PT J AU Li, QF Wang-Li, L Walker, JT Shah, SB Bloomfield, P Jayanty, RKM AF Li, Q. -F. Wang-Li, L. Walker, J. T. Shah, S. B. Bloomfield, P. Jayanty, R. K. M. TI PARTICULATE MATTER IN THE VICINITY OF AN EGG PRODUCTION FACILITY: CONCENTRATIONS, STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS, AND UPWIND AND DOWNWIND COMPARISON SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Animal feeding operations; Downwind concentration; Egg production; Particulate matter; PM2.5; PM10; Statistical distributions AB Animal feeding operations (AFOs) satisfy the demand for meat, dairy, and eggs; however, they may negatively impact air quality In this study, the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were simultaneously monitored at four ambient locations in the vicinity of a commercial egg production farm for over two years. Overall, concentrations and temporal patterns were similar to other rural sites in the southeast US. Concentrations near the farm property line did not exceed the 24 h National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for PM2.5 (35 mu g m(-3)) or PM10 (150 mu g m(-3)). Daily average ambient PM concentrations were best described by a lognormal distribution. Downwind concentrations were statistically significantly higher than upwind concentrations, but differences were <1.0 mu g m(-3) for PM2.5 and <5.0 mu g m(-3) for PM10. Relationships between ambient PM concentrations and rates of PM emission from the poultry houses were statistically significant; however; the strength of the linear relationships (Pearson correlation) was relatively weak (r = 0.15 for PM10 and r = 0.33 for PM2.5). On a diurnal time scale, variability was consistent with expected patterns of mobile source emissions, with observed higher concentrations of PM10 on weekdays attributed to on-farm vehicle activity. The observation of higher ambient PM concentrations during summer months was attributed primarily to seasonal variability in non-local primary PM emissions, as well as regional secondary PM precursor emissions and formation mechanisms. Results of this study provide helpful information for understanding the influence of emissions from egg laying facilities on local PM concentrations. C1 [Li, Q. -F.; Wang-Li, L.; Shah, S. B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Walker, J. T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bloomfield, P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Jayanty, R. K. M.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Wang-Li, L (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 186 Weaver Labs,Campus Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Lwang5@ncsu.edu RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 FU USDA NRI Grant [2008-35112-18757]; NSF CAREER Award [CBET-0954673] FX This study was supported in part by USDA NRI Grant No. 2008-35112-18757 and NSF CAREER Award No. CBET-0954673. Support from the egg production farm is also thankfully acknowledged. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 55 IS 5 BP 1965 EP 1973 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 040NR UT WOS:000311330100034 ER PT J AU Shen, H Wilson, JT Lu, XX AF Shen, Hai Wilson, John T. Lu, Xiaoxia TI A Tracer Test to Characterize Treatment of TCE in a Permeable Reactive Barrier SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article ID PLANT MULCH; GROUNDWATER; TRICHLOROETHYLENE AB A tracer test was conducted to characterize the flow of groundwater across a permeable reactive barrier constructed with plant mulch (a biowall) at the OU-1 site on Altus Air Force Base, Oklahoma. This biowall is intended to intercept and treat groundwater contaminated by trichloroethylene (TCE) in a shallow aquifer. The biowall is 139-m long, 7.3-m deep, and 0.5-m wide. Bromide was injected from an upgradient well into the groundwater as a conservative tracer, and was subsequently observed breaking through in monitoring wells within and downgradient of the biowall. The bromide breakthrough data demonstrate that groundwater entering the biowall migrated across it, following the slope of the local groundwater surface. The average seepage velocity of groundwater was approximately 0.06 m/d. On the basis of the Darcy velocity of groundwater and geometry of the biowall, the average residence time of groundwater in the biowall was estimated at 10 d. Assuming all TCE removal occurred in the biowall, the reduction in TCE concentrations in groundwater across the biowall corresponds to a first-order attenuation rate constant in the range of 0.38 to 0.15 per d. As an independent estimate of the degradation rate constant, STANMOD software was used to fit curves through data on the breakthrough of bromide and TCE in selected wells downgradient of the injection wells. Best fits to the data required a first-order degradation rate constant for TCE removal in the range of 0.13 to 0.17 per d. The approach used in this study provides an objective evaluation of the remedial performance of the biowall that can provide a basis for design of other biowalls that are intended to remediate TCE-contaminated groundwater. C1 [Shen, Hai] US DOE, Los Alamos Site Off, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wilson, John T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Lu, Xiaoxia] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Shen, H (reprint author), US DOE, Los Alamos Site Off, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hai.shen@nnsa.doe.gov; Wilson.JohnT@epa.gov; luxx@pku.edu.cn FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [RW-57-92160901, RW-57-92262201]; U.S. Air Force [RW-57-92160901, RW-57-92262201] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Air Force funded the research described here through inter-agency agreements RW-57-92160901 Bark Mulch Trench Implementation and RW-57-92262201 Bark Mulch Trench Long-Term Evaluation. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agencies, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Cherri Adair, Ken Jewell, and the late Frank Beck for providing technical assistance and Shaw Environmental for performing the chemical analysis. We appreciate review comments from Woody Woodworth and site information provided by Altus Air Force Base. Scott Christenson provided useful advice on the design of the study. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 32 IS 4 BP 32 EP 41 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01394.x PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 041EZ UT WOS:000311381600016 ER PT J AU Ferrey, ML Wilson, JT Adair, C Su, CM Fine, DD Liu, XY Washington, JW AF Ferrey, Mark L. Wilson, John T. Adair, Cherri Su, Chunming Fine, Dennis D. Liu, Xuyang Washington, John W. TI Behavior and Fate of PFOA and PFOS in Sandy Aquifer Sediment SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; PERFLUORINATED SURFACTANTS; GROUNDWATER; PERFLUOROCARBOXYLATES; SORPTION; ACID; SOIL AB Microcosms were constructed with sediment from beneath a landfill that received waste containing PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid) and PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate). The microcosms were amended with PFOA and PFOS, and sampled after 91, 210, 343, 463, 574, and 740 d of incubation. After 740 d, selected microcosms were extracted to determine the mass of PFOA and PFOS remaining. There was no evidence for degradation of PFOA or PFOS. Over time, the aqueous concentrations of PFOA and PFOS increased in the microcosms, indicating that PFOA and PFOS that had originally sorbed to the sediment was desorbing. At the beginning of the experiment, the adsorption coefficient, Kd, averaged 0.27 L/kg for PFOA and 1.2 L/kg for PFOS. After 740 d of incubation, sorption of PFOA was not detectable and the Kd of PFOS was undetectable in two microcosms and was 0.08 L/kg in a third microcosm. During incubation, the pH of the pore water in the microcosms increased from pH 7.2 to pH ranging from 8.1 to 8.8. The zeta potential of the sediment decreased with increasing pH. These observations suggest that the sorption of PFOA and PFOS at near neutral pH was controlled by the electrostatic sorption on ferric oxide minerals, and not by the sorption to organic carbon. Accurate predictions of PFOA and PFOS mobility in ground water should be based on empirical estimates of sorption using affected aquifer sediment. C1 [Wilson, John T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK USA. [Ferrey, Mark L.] Minnesota Pollut Control Agcy, St Paul, MN 55115 USA. [Adair, Cherri; Su, Chunming] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK USA. [Fine, Dennis D.] Shaw Environm Serv Inc, RS Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK USA. [Washington, John W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Wilson, JT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK USA. EM wilson.johnt@epa.gov RI Liu, Xuyang/F-3373-2011 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [3674-2006]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors are grateful for the assistance of Ingrid Verhagen from the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency for her help in obtaining aquifer sediment from the Washington County Landfill. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under in-house Task 3674-2006. It has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. All research projects making conclusions or recommendations based on environmental data and funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are required to participate in the Agency Quality Assurance Program. This project was conducted under an approved Quality Assurance Project Plan. The procedures specified in this plan were used without exception. Information on the plan and documentation of the quality assurance activities and results are available from John Wilson. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 89 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD FAL PY 2012 VL 32 IS 4 BP 63 EP 71 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2012.01395.x PG 9 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 041EZ UT WOS:000311381600019 ER PT J AU Viswanathan, H Dai, ZX Lopano, C Keating, E Hakala, JA Scheckel, KG Zheng, LG Guthrie, GD Pawar, R AF Viswanathan, Hari Dai, Zhenxue Lopano, Christina Keating, Elizabeth Hakala, J. Alexandra Scheckel, Kirk G. Zheng, Liange Guthrie, George D. Pawar, Rajesh TI Developing a robust geochemical and reactive transport model to evaluate possible sources of arsenic at the CO2 sequestration natural analog site in Chimayo, New Mexico SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Shallow groundwater impacts; Geochemical modeling ID ROCK INTERACTIONS; OXIDE MINERALS; GROUNDWATER; SORPTION; STORAGE; MEDIA; ADSORPTION; SIMULATION; LEAKAGE; SYSTEM AB Migration of carbon dioxide (CO2) from deep storage formations into shallow drinking water aquifers is a possible system failure related to geologic CO2 sequestration. A CO2 leak may cause mineral precipitation/dissolution reactions, changes in aqueous speciation, and alteration of pH and redox conditions leading to potential increases of trace metal concentrations above EPA National Primary Drinking Water Standards. In this study, the Chimayo site (NM) was examined for site-specific impacts of shallow groundwater interacting with CO2 from deep storage formations. Major ion and trace element chemistry for the site have been previously studied. This work focuses on arsenic (As), which is regulated by the EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act and for which some wells in the Chimayo area have concentrations higher than the maximum contaminant level (MCL). Statistical analysis of the existing Chimayo groundwater data indicates that As is strongly correlated with trace metals U and Pb indicating that their source may be from the same deep subsurface water. Batch experiments and materials characterization, such as: X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF), were used to identify As association with Fe-rich phases, such as clays or oxides, in the Chimayo sediments as the major factor controlling As fate in the subsurface. Batch laboratory experiments with Chimayo sediments and groundwater show that pH decreases as CO2 is introduced into the system and buffered by calcite. The introduction of CO2 causes an immediate increase in As solution concentration, which then decreases over time. A geochemical model was developed to simulate these batch experiments and successfully predicted the pH drop once CO2 was introduced into the experiment. In the model, sorption of As to illite, kaolinite and smectite through surface complexation proved to be the key reactions in simulating the drop in As concentration as a function of time in the batch experiments. Based on modeling, kaolinite precipitation is anticipated to occur during the experiment, which allows for additional sorption sites to form with time resulting in the slow decrease in As concentration. This mechanism can be viewed as trace metal "scavenging" due to sorption caused secondary mineral precipitation. Since deep geologic transport of these trace metals to the shallow subsurface by brine or CO2 intrusion is critical to assessing environmental impacts, the effective retardation of trace metal transport is an important parameter to estimate and it is dependent on multiple coupled reactions. At the field scale, As mobility is retarded due to the influence of sorption reactions, which can affect environmental performance assessment studies of a sequestration site. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Viswanathan, Hari; Dai, Zhenxue; Keating, Elizabeth; Pawar, Rajesh] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Zheng, Liange] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Viswanathan, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM viswana@lanl.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Dai, Zhenxue/0000-0002-0805-7621 FU US DOE through the Zero Emission Research & Technology II project; NETL Strategic Center for Coal; National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences [EAR-0622171]; Department of Energy - Geosciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by US DOE through the Zero Emission Research & Technology II project and the NETL Strategic Center for Coal. We would like to thank the three reviewers for greatly improving the manuscript. We thank Debbie Burse for performing aqua regia digestions, Kristen Carlisle for coordinating experimental fluids analyses, and Jennifer LeBel for performing laboratory experimental work with CO2. We also thank Hongwu Xu of LANL for the detailed quantitative XRD analyses. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development participated in the data collection and analysis of a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. Portions of this work were performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171) and Department of Energy - Geosciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). Use of the advanced photon source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 41 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1750-5836 J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control PD SEP PY 2012 VL 10 BP 199 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.06.007 PG 16 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 020EA UT WOS:000309790500019 ER PT J AU Hester, SD Johnstone, AFM Boyes, WK Bushnell, PJ Shafer, TJ AF Hester, Susan D. Johnstone, Andrew F. M. Boyes, William K. Bushnell, Philip J. Shafer, Timothy J. TI Transcriptional responses in rat brain associated with sub-chronic toluene inhalation are not predicted by effects of acute toluene inhalation SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toluene; Inhalation; mRNA; Transcriptional changes; Central nervous system ID MEDIATED LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; BEHAVIORAL TOLERANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; INHALED TOLUENE; EXPOSURE; ADULT; ABUSE AB A primary public health concern regarding environmental chemicals is the potential for persistent effects from long-term exposure, and approaches to estimate these effects from short-term exposures are needed. Toluene, a ubiquitous air pollutant, exerts well-documented acute and persistent CNS-mediated effects from a variety of exposure scenarios, and so provides a useful case for determining whether its persistent effects can be predicted from its acute effects on the CNS. We recently reported that acute inhalation of toluene produced transcriptional effects in rat brain 18 h following a single, acute 6-h exposure to toluene. The goal of the present study was to determine whether these acute effects are also evident after long-term (sub-chronic) exposure to toluene, and thereby provide a mechanistic basis for predicting its persistent effects from short-term exposures. Male Long Evans rats were exposed to toluene via inhalation (0, 10, 100, 1000 ppm, n = 5/dose), 6 h/day for 64 days, excluding weekends. The day following the final exposure, total mRNA was extracted from the cerebral cortex and striatum, and gene expression evaluated using Affymetrix arrays. Principal component analysis using all samples showed a clear discrimination of tissues, with striatum having more within-group variance than cortex. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) whose expression was altered by toluene were identified in each tissue by ANOVA followed by mapping to pathways. Analysis of striatum revealed 22, 57, and 94 significant DEGs for the 10 ppm, 100 ppm, and 1000 ppm doses, respectively, far fewer than the 3352 DEGS previously observed after acute exposure. In addition, the direction of change in the 57 DEGs common to both exposures differed between acute and sub-chronic exposure scenarios. Thus, relative to acute toluene exposure, sub-chronic exposure yielded both quantitative and qualitative differences in transcriptional response. Based on the current data, long-term gene expression changes after toluene inhalation cannot be readily predicted by acute responses. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hester, Susan D.] US EPA, Syst Biol Branch, ISTD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Boyes, William K.; Bushnell, Philip J.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hester, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Syst Biol Branch, ISTD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD-B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hester.susan@epa.gov OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 34 IS 5 BP 530 EP 533 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2012.08.004 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 027WT UT WOS:000310385500008 PM 22967744 ER PT J AU Boxall, ABA Rudd, MA Brooks, BW Caldwell, DJ Choi, K Hickmann, S Innes, E Ostapyk, K Staveley, JP Verslycke, T Ankley, GT Beazley, KF Belanger, SE Berninger, JP Carriquiriborde, P Coors, A DeLeo, PC Dyer, SD Ericson, JF Gagne, F Giesy, JP Gouin, T Hallstrom, L Karlsson, MV Larsson, DGJ Lazorchak, JM Mastrocco, F McLaughlin, A McMaster, ME Meyerhoff, RD Moore, R Parrott, JL Snape, JR Murray-Smith, R Servos, MR Sibley, PK Straub, JO Szabo, ND Topp, E Tetreault, GR Trudeau, VL Van Der Kraak, G AF Boxall, Alistair B. A. Rudd, Murray A. Brooks, Bryan W. Caldwell, Daniel J. Choi, Kyungho Hickmann, Silke Innes, Elizabeth Ostapyk, Kim Staveley, Jane P. Verslycke, Tim Ankley, Gerald T. Beazley, Karen F. Belanger, Scott E. Berninger, Jason P. Carriquiriborde, Pedro Coors, Anja DeLeo, Paul C. Dyer, Scott D. Ericson, Jon F. Gagne, Francois Giesy, John P. Gouin, Todd Hallstrom, Lars Karlsson, Maja V. Larsson, D. G. Joakim Lazorchak, James M. Mastrocco, Frank McLaughlin, Alison McMaster, Mark E. Meyerhoff, Roger D. Moore, Roberta Parrott, Joanne L. Snape, Jason R. Murray-Smith, Richard Servos, Mark R. Sibley, Paul K. Straub, Juerg Oliver Szabo, Nora D. Topp, Edward Tetreault, Gerald R. Trudeau, Vance L. Van Der Kraak, Glen TI Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment: What Are the Big Questions? SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE antibiotic resistance; ecotoxicity; exposure assessment; health effects; personal care products; pharmaceuticals; prioritization; risk assessment; risk management ID PROMOTING HUMAN HEALTH; TO-CRADLE STEWARDSHIP; VETERINARY MEDICINES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; FISH; WATER; CONSERVATION AB BACKGROUND: Over the past 10-15 years, a substantial amount of work has been done by the scientific, regulatory, and business communities to elucidate the effects and risks of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment. OBJECTIVE: This review was undertaken to identify key outstanding issues regarding the effects of PPCPs on human and ecological health in order to ensure that future resources will be focused on the most important areas. DATA SOURCES: To better understand and manage the risks of PPCPs in the environment, we used the "key question" approach to identify the principle issues that need to be addressed. Initially, questions were solicited from academic, government, and business communities around the world. A list of 101 questions was then discussed at an international expert workshop, and a top-20 list was developed. Following the workshop, workshop attendees ranked the 20 questions by importance. DATA SYNTHESIS: The top 20 priority questions fell into seven categories: a) prioritization of substances for assessment, b) pathways of exposure, c) bioavailability and uptake, a effects characterization, e) risk and relative risk, f) antibiotic resistance, and g) risk management. CONCLUSIONS: A large body of information is now available on PPCPs in the environment. This exercise prioritized the most critical questions to aid in development of future research programs on the topic. C1 [Boxall, Alistair B. A.; Rudd, Murray A.; Karlsson, Maja V.] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Brooks, Bryan W.; Berninger, Jason P.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Caldwell, Daniel J.] Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Choi, Kyungho] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Hickmann, Silke] Umweltbundesamt, Dessau, Germany. [Innes, Elizabeth; Ostapyk, Kim; McLaughlin, Alison; Moore, Roberta] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Staveley, Jane P.] Exponent, Cary, NC USA. [Verslycke, Tim] Gradient, Cambridge, MA USA. [Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Beazley, Karen F.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Belanger, Scott E.; Dyer, Scott D.] Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Carriquiriborde, Pedro] Univ Nacl Plata, Fac Ciencias Exactas, Ctr Invest Medio Ambiente, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Coors, Anja] ECT Oekotoxikol GmbH, Florsheim am Main, Germany. [DeLeo, Paul C.] Amer Cleaning Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Ericson, Jon F.; Mastrocco, Frank] Pfizer Inc, New York, NY USA. [Gagne, Francois] Environm Canada, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Giesy, John P.] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Gouin, Todd] Unilever, Colworth, Beds, England. [Hallstrom, Lars] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Larsson, D. G. Joakim] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [McMaster, Mark E.; Parrott, Joanne L.] Environm Canada, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Meyerhoff, Roger D.] Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA. [Snape, Jason R.; Murray-Smith, Richard] AstraZeneca UK Ltd, Brixham, Devon, England. [Servos, Mark R.; Tetreault, Gerald R.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Sibley, Paul K.; Van Der Kraak, Glen] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Straub, Juerg Oliver] F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland. [Szabo, Nora D.; Trudeau, Vance L.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Topp, Edward] Agr & Agri Food Canada, London, ON, Canada. RP Boxall, ABA (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM Alistair.boxall@york.ac.uk RI Rudd, Murray/C-1244-2009; Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; Servos, Mark/A-3454-2015; Brooks, Bryan/B-2612-2010; Berninger, Jason/O-2401-2016; OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571; Belanger, Scott/0000-0003-0369-9673; Larsson, D.G. Joakim/0000-0002-5496-0328; Rudd, Murray/0000-0001-9533-5070; Servos, Mark/0000-0002-3783-627X; Brooks, Bryan/0000-0002-6277-9852; Berninger, Jason/0000-0003-3045-7899; Straub, Jurg Oliver/0000-0002-7341-5165; Topp, Ed/0000-0002-8273-9372; choi, kyungho/0000-0001-7460-792X; Trudeau, Vance/0000-0002-0845-9444 FU AstraZeneca; Jannsen Pharmaceutical Company of Johnson Johnson; Jannsen Pharmaceutical Company of American Cleaning Institute; Jannsen Pharmaceutical Company of Health Canada; U.K. Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs FX AstraZeneca, Jannsen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, the American Cleaning Institute, and Health Canada provided financial support for the workshop. A.B.A.B.'s input to the project was partly supported by the U.K. Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. NR 75 TC 237 Z9 243 U1 61 U2 640 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 120 IS 9 BP 1221 EP 1229 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104477 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 005YV UT WOS:000308786900017 PM 22647657 ER PT J AU Johns, DO Stanek, LW Walker, K Benromdhane, S Hubbell, B Ross, M Devlin, RB Costa, DL Greenbaum, DS AF Johns, Douglas O. Stanek, Lindsay Wichers Walker, Katherine Benromdhane, Souad Hubbell, Bryan Ross, Mary Devlin, Robert B. Costa, Daniel L. Greenbaum, Daniel S. TI Practical Advancement of Multipollutant Scientific and Risk Assessment Approaches for Ambient Air Pollution SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE air pollution; exposure; human health; multipollutant; risk assessment ID ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; SPATIAL MISALIGNMENT; QUALITY MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; PM2.5; POLLUTANTS; FRAMEWORK; EXPOSURE; SUPPORT AB OBJECTIVES: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is working toward gaining a better understanding of the human health impacts of exposure to complex air pollutant mixtures and the key features that drive the toxicity of these mixtures, which can then be used for future scientific and risk assessments. DATA SOURCES: A public workshop was held in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 22-24 February 2011, to discuss scientific issues and data gaps related to adopting multipollutant science and risk assessment approaches, with a particular focus on the criteria air pollutants. Expert panelists in the fields of epidemiology, toxicology, and atmospheric and exposure sciences led open discussions to encourage workshop participants to think broadly about available and emerging scientific evidence related to multipollutant approaches to evaluating the health effects of air pollution. SYNTHESIS: Although there is clearly a need for novel research and analytical approaches to better characterize the health effects of multipollutant exposures, much progress can be made by using existing scientific information and statistical methods to evaluate the effects of single pollutants in a multipollutant context. This work will have a direct impact on the development of a multipollutant science assessment and a conceptual framework for conducting multipollutant risk assessments. CONCLUSIONS: Transitioning to a multipollutant paradigm can be aided through the adoption of a framework for multipollutant science and risk assessment that encompasses well-studied and ubiquitous air pollutants. Successfully advancing methods for conducting these assessments will require collaborative and parallel efforts between the scientific and environmental regulatory and policy communities. C1 [Johns, Douglas O.; Stanek, Lindsay Wichers; Ross, Mary] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Walker, Katherine; Greenbaum, Daniel S.] Hlth Effects Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Benromdhane, Souad; Hubbell, Bryan] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Stanek, LW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM stanek.lindsay@epa.gov OI Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 FU U.S. EPA FX K.W. and D.G. are employed by HE,I. HEI receives about half of its core funds from the U.S. EPA and half from the worldwide motor-vehicle industry, although other public and private organizations periodically support special projects or certain research programs. The other authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests. NR 28 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 67 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 120 IS 9 BP 1238 EP 1242 DI 10.1289/ehp.1204939 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 005YV UT WOS:000308786900019 PM 22645280 ER PT J AU Schecter, A Szabo, DT Miller, J Gent, TL Malik-Bass, N Petersen, M Paepke, O Colacino, JA Hynan, LS Harris, TR Malla, S Birnbaum, LS AF Schecter, Arnold Szabo, David T. Miller, James Gent, Tyra L. Malik-Bass, Noor Petersen, Malte Paepke, Olaf Colacino, Justin A. Hynan, Linda S. Harris, T. Robert Malla, Sunitha Birnbaum, Linda S. TI Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) Stereoisomers in US Food from Dallas, Texas SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE Dallas; Texas; food; HBCD; hexabromocyclododecane; stereoisomers ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; TETRABROMOBISPHENOL-A; DIETARY EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; INDOOR DUST; CONSUMPTION; METABOLISM; ALPHA; GAMMA AB BACKGROUND: Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant used in polystyrene foams in thermal insulation and electrical equipment. The HBCD commercial mixture consists mainly of alpha, beta, and gamma stereoisomers. Health concerns of HBCD exposure include alterations in immune and reproductive systems, neurotoxic effects, and endocrine disruption. Stereoisomer-specific levels of HBCD have not been measured previously in U.S. food. OBJECTIVES: We measured HBCD stereoisomer levels in U.S. foods from Dallas, Texas, supermarkets. METHODS: Convenience samples of commonly consumed foods were purchased from supermarkets in Dallas in 2009-2010. Food samples included a wide variety of lipid-rich foods: fish, peanut butter, poultry, pork, and beef. Thirty-six individual food samples were collected in 2010 and analyzed for alpha-, beta-, and gamma-HBCD stereoisomers using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Ten pooled food samples previously collected in 2009 for a study of total HBCD levels using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), were reanalyzed for alpha-, beta-, and gamma-HBCD stereoisomers using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS: Of the 36 measured individual foods, 15 (42%) had detectable levels of HBCD. Median (ranges) of alpha- and gamma-HBCD concentrations were 0.003 (< 0.005-1.307) and 0.005 (< 0.010-0.143) ng/g wet weight (ww), respectively; beta-HBCD was present in three samples with a median (range) of 0.003 (< 0.005-0.019) ng/g ww. Median levels (range) for alpha-, beta-, and gamma-HBCD, in pooled samples were 0.077 (0.010-0.310), 0.008 (< 0.002-0.070), and 0.024 (0.012-0.170) ng/g ww, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: alpha-HBCD was detected most frequently and at highest concentrations, followed by gamma-, and then beta-HBCD, in food samples from Dallas, Texas. Food may be a substantial contributor to the elevated a-HBCD levels observed in humans. These data suggest that larger and more representative sampling should be conducted. C1 [Schecter, Arnold; Miller, James; Gent, Tyra L.; Malik-Bass, Noor; Harris, T. Robert; Malla, Sunitha] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Szabo, David T.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA USA. [Petersen, Malte; Paepke, Olaf] Eurofins Gfa GmbH Lab, Hamburg, Germany. [Colacino, Justin A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Hynan, Linda S.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Clin Sci, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Hynan, Linda S.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Psychiat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NCI, NIH, US Dept HHS, Washington, DC USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NIEHS, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Schecter, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd,V8-122E, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. EM arnold.schecter@utsouthwestern.edu OI Hynan, Linda/0000-0002-4642-7769 FU Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development; NIEHS [T32 ES007062]; National Human Genome Research Institute [T32 HG00040] FX This study was partially funded by the Gustavus and Louise Pfeiffer Research Foundation and partially funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). Support in part was also provided by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. EPA. M. Petersen and O. Paepke are both employed by Eurofins Gfa GmbH Laboratory, Hamburg, Germany. Support for J. Colacino was provided by training grants from the NIEHS (T32 ES007062) and the National Human Genome Research Institute (T32 HG00040). NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 91 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 120 IS 9 BP 1260 EP 1264 DI 10.1289/ehp.1204993 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 005YV UT WOS:000308786900022 PM 22647707 ER PT J AU Winebrake, JJ Green, EH Comer, B Corbett, JJ Froman, S AF Winebrake, James J. Green, Erin H. Comer, Bryan Corbett, James J. Froman, Sarah TI Estimating the direct rebound effect for on-road freight transportation SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Heavy-duty vehicles; Transportation; Rebound effect ID ENERGY EFFICIENCY; DEMAND; ELASTICITIES; CONSUMPTION; MODEL AB Energy and environmental concerns have spawned new policies aimed at reducing emissions and fuel consumption of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) worldwide. While such policies intend to reduce HDV energy consumption and emissions, energy savings that reduce transportation costs may lead to increased demand for HDV transportation services. Increased HDV transportation, in turn, can result in increased energy use and emissions-i.e., a direct "rebound effect." This paper provides a critical review of the literature related to the HDV rebound effect. Results of this review demonstrate that the lack of focused studies in this area combined with the variability and heterogeneity of the trucking sector limit general understanding of the HDV rebound effect. Currently, the studies that do exist often create biased or erroneous rebound effect estimates by inappropriately relying on freight elasticities or applying metrics that omit important elements of fuel consumption. Research following a more transparent and coherent approach can improve estimates of the rebound effect from policy measures to improve HDV energy efficiency. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Winebrake, James J.] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14534 USA. [Green, Erin H.] Green Energy Consulting, Rochester, NY 14543 USA. [Comer, Bryan] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Corbett, James J.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Froman, Sarah] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Winebrake, JJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, 92 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14534 USA. EM jjwgpt@rit.edu RI Corbett, James/B-3321-2009 OI Corbett, James/0000-0002-2588-3474 FU EPA FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support and comments received on earlier drafts of this paper by Sharyn Lie, Jefferson Cole, and Michael Shelby, all with the EPA. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD SEP PY 2012 VL 48 BP 252 EP 259 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.05.018 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 009RE UT WOS:000309042100026 ER PT J AU Cormier, SM Suter, GW AF Cormier, Susan M. Suter, Glenn W., II TI The author's reply SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 [Cormier, Susan M.; Suter, Glenn W., II] US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Cormier, SM (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. OI Simmons, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0832-4718 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1931 EP 1931 DI 10.1002/etc.1939 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 994NW UT WOS:000307938500001 PM 22903781 ER PT J AU Ma, HB Brennan, A Diamond, SA AF Ma, Hongbo Brennan, Amanda Diamond, Stephen A. TI Photocatalytic reactive oxygen species production and phototoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles are dependent on the solar ultraviolet radiation spectrum SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Titanium dioxide nanoparticles; Phototoxicity; Reactive oxygen species; Solar UV radiation; Daphnia magna AB Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) and its consequent phototoxicity to Daphnia magna were measured under different solar ultraviolet (UV) spectra by applying a series of optical filters in a solar simulator. Removing UV-B (280320?nm) from solar radiation had no significant impact on photocatalytic ROS production of nano-TiO2, whereas removal of UV-A (320400?nm) decreased ROS production remarkably. Removal of wavelengths below 400?nm resulted in negligible ROS production. A linear correlation between ROS production and D. magna immobilization suggests that photocatalytic ROS production may be a predictor of phototoxicity for nano-TiO2. Intracellular ROS production within D. magna was consistent with the immobilization of the organism under different solar UV spectra, indicating that oxidative stress was involved in phototoxicity. The dependence of nano-TiO2 phototoxicity on environmentally realistic variations in solar radiation suggests that risk assessment of these nanomaterials requires careful evaluation of exposure conditions in the environment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 20992107. (c) 2012 SETAC C1 [Ma, Hongbo; Brennan, Amanda; Diamond, Stephen A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. RP Diamond, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA. EM diamond.steve@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division Laboratory FX The present study was performed while one of the authors, H. Ma, held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division Laboratory. The authors acknowledge K. Flynn for his assistance with the fluorescence imaging. The manuscript was greatly improved by the comments of an anonymous reviewer. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. NR 0 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 58 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 9 BP 2099 EP 2107 DI 10.1002/etc.1916 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 994NW UT WOS:000307938500024 PM 22707245 ER PT J AU Trebitz, AS AF Trebitz, Anett S. TI Deriving criteria-supporting benchmark values from empirical response relationships: comparison of statistical techniques and effect of log-transforming the nutrient variable SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE nutrient enrichment; ecological response; criteria derivation; benchmark value; log-transformation; coastal wetlands ID LAKES COASTAL WETLANDS; WATER-QUALITY CRITERIA; CONDITIONAL-PROBABILITY ANALYSIS; PIECEWISE REGRESSION; BIOLOGICAL CONDITION; SURFACE WATERS; FRESH-WATERS; THRESHOLDS; EUTROPHICATION; STREAMS AB Empirical analyses of ecological changes accompanying nutrient enrichment provide one line of evidence for developing protective nutrient criteria. The purpose of my study was to elucidate 2 important aspects of such empirical analyses: 1) how statistical techniques compare regarding types of relationships fit and benchmark values obtained, and 2) how decisions regarding log-transformation of right-skewed nutrient data affect the results. I used data from Great Lakes coastal wetlands describing a suite of water-quality and biotic responses over a large nutrient gradient to conduct side-by-side evaluations of 5 statistical techniques (logistic regression, cumulative probability analysis, linear regression, piecewise regression, classification and regression tree analysis [CART]). With this somewhat noisy data set, differences in goodness-of-fit among techniques that modeled gradual changes vs ones that identified abrupt transitions were remarkably small, providing little evidence for superiority of one over another. However, differences among techniques in nutrient benchmark values and their ecological interpretation were substantial. Log(10)-transformation of nutrient data had little effect on residuals but shifted the benchmark values for all techniques except CART. Decisions concerning log-transformation ought to be based on implications for deriving criteria rather than perceived statistical assumptions. Multiple statistical techniques and response relationships provide relevant information and no transformation makes all relationships conform to the same pattern, so no cookbook recipe for analyses can be identified. Professional judgment is needed to convey empirical findings toward eventual criteria values regardless of the technique applied. C1 US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Trebitz, AS (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM trebitz.anett@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX I thank Jack Kelly for conversations that helped to shape this paper and the many people who worked to generate the coastal wetland data. The paper was improved by comments from Craig Stow, John Paul, associate editor Bruce Chessman, and 2 anonymous reviewers. This work was fully funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, but the views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect views or policies of the Agency. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 24 PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 986 EP 1002 DI 10.1899/12-055.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 021SG UT WOS:000309905100023 ER PT J AU Berrocal, VJ Gelfand, AE Holland, DM AF Berrocal, Veronica J. Gelfand, Alan E. Holland, David M. TI Space-Time Data fusion Under Error in Computer Model Output: An Application to Modeling Air Quality SO BIOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE Change of support; Data fusion; Gaussian Markov random field; Numerical model calibration; Smoothing; Spatially varying random weights ID NUMERICAL-MODELS; SPATIAL DATA; DOWNSCALER; SYSTEMS AB We provide methods that can be used to obtain more accurate environmental exposure assessment. In particular, we propose two modeling approaches to combine monitoring data at point level with numerical model output at grid cell level, yielding improved prediction of ambient exposure at point level. Extending our earlier downscaler model (Berrocal, V. J., Gelfand, A. E., and Holland, D. M. (2010b). A spatio-temporal downscaler for outputs from numerical models. Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Statistics 15, 176197), these new models are intended to address two potential concerns with the model output. One recognizes that there may be useful information in the outputs for grid cells that are neighbors of the one in which the location lies. The second acknowledges potential spatial misalignment between a station and its putatively associated grid cell. The first model is a Gaussian Markov random field smoothed downscaler that relates monitoring station data and computer model output via the introduction of a latent Gaussian Markov random field linked to both sources of data. The second model is a smoothed downscaler with spatially varying random weights defined through a latent Gaussian process and an exponential kernel function, that yields, at each site, a new variable on which the monitoring station data is regressed with a spatial linear model. We applied both methods to daily ozone concentration data for the Eastern US during the summer months of June, July and August 2001, obtaining, respectively, a 5% and a 15% predictive gain in overall predictive mean square error over our earlier downscaler model (Berrocal et al., 2010b). Perhaps more importantly, the predictive gain is greater at hold-out sites that are far from monitoring sites. C1 [Berrocal, Veronica J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gelfand, Alan E.] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Holland, David M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Berrocal, VJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM berrocal@umich.edu; alan@stat.duke.edu; Holland.David@epa.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES014843] NR 23 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-341X J9 BIOMETRICS JI Biometrics PD SEP PY 2012 VL 68 IS 3 BP 837 EP 848 DI 10.1111/j.1541-0420.2011.01725.x PG 12 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 011RW UT WOS:000309183600021 PM 22211949 ER PT J AU Greaver, TL Sullivan, TJ Herrick, JD Barber, MC Baron, JS Cosby, BJ Deerhake, ME Dennis, RL Dubois, JJB Goodale, CL Herlihy, AT Lawrence, GB Liu, LL Lynch, JA Novak, KJ AF Greaver, Tara L. Sullivan, Timothy J. Herrick, Jeffrey D. Barber, Mary C. Baron, Jill S. Cosby, Bernard J. Deerhake, Marion E. Dennis, Robin L. Dubois, Jean-Jacques B. Goodale, Christine L. Herlihy, Alan T. Lawrence, Gregory B. Liu, Lingli Lynch, Jason A. Novak, Kristopher J. TI Ecological effects of nitrogen and sulfur air pollution in the US: what do we know? SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; CRITICAL LOADS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; ADIRONDACK REGION; SURFACE WATERS; FOREST SOILS; ACIDIFICATION; MERCURY AB Four decades after the passage of the US Clean Air Act, air-quality standards are set to protect ecosystems from damage caused by gas-phase nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) compounds, but not from the deposition of these air pollutants to land and water. Here, we synthesize recent scientific literature on the ecological effects of N and S air pollution in the US. Deposition of N and S is the main driver of ecosystem acidification and contributes to nutrient enrichment in many natural systems. Although surface-water acidification has decreased in the US since 1990, it remains a problem in many regions. Perturbations to ecosystems caused by the nutrient effects of N deposition continue to emerge, although gas-phase concentrations are generally not high enough to cause phytotoxicity. In all, there is overwhelming evidence of a broad range of damaging effects to ecosystems in the US under current air-quality conditions. C1 [Greaver, Tara L.; Herrick, Jeffrey D.; Dennis, Robin L.; Dubois, Jean-Jacques B.; Liu, Lingli; Novak, Kristopher J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sullivan, Timothy J.] E&S Environm Chem, Corvallis, OR USA. [Barber, Mary C.] Res Triangle Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Baron, Jill S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Cosby, Bernard J.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Deerhake, Marion E.] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Goodale, Christine L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Herlihy, Alan T.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lawrence, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY USA. [Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Greaver, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM greaver.tara@epa.gov RI Cosby, Bernard/B-5653-2012; Liu, Lingli/A-7771-2008; Baron, Jill/C-5270-2016 OI Liu, Lingli/0000-0002-5696-3151; Baron, Jill/0000-0002-5902-6251 FU EPA FX We thank S Jordan and T Long for helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by the EPA. The study was reviewed by the National Center for Environmental Assessment, EPA, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the view and policies of the EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 54 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 5 U2 122 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 10 IS 7 BP 365 EP 372 DI 10.1890/110049 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 010KG UT WOS:000309092700015 ER PT J AU Brown, SL Clausen, I Chappell, MA Scheckel, KG Newville, M Hettiarachchi, GM AF Brown, Sally L. Clausen, Ingrid Chappell, Mark A. Scheckel, Kirk G. Newville, Matthew Hettiarachchi, Ganga M. TI High-Iron Biosolids Compost-Induced Changes in Lead and Arsenic Speciation and Bioaccessibility in Co-contaminated Soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM; BLOOD LEAD; IN-SITU; AMENDED SOILS; FERROUS IRON; NEW-ORLEANS; URBAN; FERRIHYDRITE; BIOAVAILABILITY; OXIDE AB The safety of urban farming has been questioned due to the potential for contamination in urban soils. A laboratory incubation, a field trial, and a second laboratory incubation were conducted to test the ability of high-Fe biosolids-based composts to reduce the bioaccessibility of soil Pb and As in situ. Lead and As bioaccessibility were evaluated using an in vitro assay. Changes in Pb, As, and Fe speciation were determined on select samples aft er the second laboratory incubation using mu-X-ray fluorescence mapping followed by mu-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). A compost with Fe added to wastewater treatment residuals (Fe WTR compost) added to soils at 100 g kg(-1) decreased Pb bioaccessibility in both laboratory incubations. Mixed results were observed for As. Composts tested in the field trial (Fe added as Fe powder or FeCl2) did not reduce bioaccessible Pb, and limited reductions were observed in bioaccessible As. These composts had no effect on Pb bioaccessibility during the second laboratory incubation. Bulk XANES showed association of Pb with sulfates and carbonates in the control soil. mu-XANES for three points in the Fe WTR amended soil showed Pb present as Fe-sorbed Pb (88 and 100% of two points) and pyromorphite (12 and 53% of two points). Bulk XANES of the Fe WTR compost showed 97% of total Fe present as Fe3+. The results of this study indicate that addition of high-Fe biosolids compost is an effective means to reduce Pb accessibility only for certain types of Fe-rich materials. C1 [Brown, Sally L.; Clausen, Ingrid] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Chappell, Mark A.] USA, Erdc, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Newville, Matthew] Univ Chicago, GSECARS, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Brown, SL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Environm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM slb@u.washington.edu RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Hettiarachchi, Ganga/F-6895-2015 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Hettiarachchi, Ganga/0000-0002-6669-2885 NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 65 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 41 IS 5 BP 1612 EP 1622 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0297 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 008BI UT WOS:000308931700028 PM 23099953 ER PT J AU Sierszen, ME Brazner, JC Cotter, AM Morrice, JA Peterson, GS Trebitz, AS AF Sierszen, Michael E. Brazner, John C. Cotter, Anne M. Morrice, John A. Peterson, Gregory S. Trebitz, Anett S. TI Watershed and lake influences on the energetic base of coastal wetland food webs across the Great Lakes Basin SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Great Lakes; Subsidies; Nutrients; Food webs; Coastal wetlands; Stable isotopes ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; ORGANIC-MATTER SOURCES; FRESH-WATER; TERRESTRIAL SUPPORT; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION; LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS; PRIMARY PRODUCERS; BENTHIC PATHWAYS; CARBON ISOTOPES AB We examined factors that influence the energy base of Great Lakes coastal wetland food webs across a basin-wide gradient of landscape disturbance. Wetland nutrient concentrations were positively correlated with a principal components-based metric of agricultural practices. Hydraulic residence time influenced the energy base of wetland food webs, with high residence-time systems based mostly on plankton and low residence-time systems based mostly upon benthos. In systems with plankton, the importance of planktonic carbon to the resident fish community generally increased with residence time. A stronger relationship was apparent with an index of nutrient loading that combined residence time and nutrient concentration as the predictor (R-2 = 0.289, p = 0.026). Shifts toward plankton-based food webs occurred at relatively low levels of loading. In riverine wetlands without plankton, contributions of detrital carbon to fish communities decreased significantly in response to watershed disturbance that reflected nutrient loading. In a third class of wetlands the wetland-resident fish communities were not entirely supported by within-wetland carbon sources and were significantly subsidized by nearshore habitats, which provided 35 (+/- 22) to 73 (+/- 9) % of fish community carbon. When lake-run migrant fish were included in the analyses, nearshore subsidies to all 30 wetland food webs ranged from 3 (+/- 2) to 79 (+/- 12) %. We obtained similar ranges when examining nearshore contributions to a single wetland species, northern pike. These results illustrate the spatial scale and the degree to which the energetics of coastal wetland food webs are influenced by interactions with their watersheds and Great Lakes. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Sierszen, Michael E.; Brazner, John C.; Cotter, Anne M.; Morrice, John A.; Peterson, Gregory S.; Trebitz, Anett S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Sierszen, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM sierszen.michael@epa.gov; braznejc@gov.ns.ca; cotter.anne@epa.gov; morrice.john@epa.gov; peterson.greg@epa.gov; trebitz.anett@epa.gov NR 76 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 38 IS 3 BP 418 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2012.04.005 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 993LU UT WOS:000307862000004 ER PT J AU Chapra, SC Dove, A Warren, GJ AF Chapra, Steven C. Dove, Alice Warren, Glenn J. TI Long-term trends of Great Lakes major ion chemistry SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Calcium; Sodium; Chloride; Sulfate; Conductivity; Alkalinity ID FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; ONONDAGA LAKE; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; ATMOSPHERIC SULFUR; LOADING ANALYSIS; ZEBRA MUSSEL; ONTARIO; ERIE; SUPERIOR AB Data from U.S. and Canadian federal monitoring programs are compiled to assess long-term trends of major ions in each of the Laurentian Great Lakes. Time series are developed for the primary cations and anions as well as for specific conductance and alkalinity. When combined with historical estimates, these modern datasets provide a 150-year overview of each lake's chemical makeup. Because of their long residence times, lakes Superior, Michigan and Huron exhibit persistent increases in most ions. For lakes Erie and Ontario, several ions (chloride, sodium, calcium and sulfate), as well as specific conductance, reached peak levels between 1965 and 1975, but then began to decline. The decreases are attributable to different mechanisms: industrial point discharge reductions (sodium, chloride), atmospheric loading declines (sulfate), and the introduction of exotic dreissenid mussels (calcium). Recent data indicate that these ions are now increasing again (chloride, sodium) or have leveled off (calcium, sulfate). The results establish how much the chemical makeup of the Great Lakes has changed due to anthropogenic influences, and underscore the importance of long-term, systematic, water-quality monitoring. (C) 2012 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dove, Alice] Environm Canada, Water Qual Monitoring & Surveillance, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Chapra, Steven C.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Warren, Glenn J.] US EPA, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Dove, A (reprint author), Environm Canada, Water Qual Monitoring & Surveillance, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. EM Alice.Dove@ec.gc.ca RI Chapra, Steven/A-5752-2008 OI Chapra, Steven/0000-0003-0238-6376 NR 74 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 38 IS 3 BP 550 EP 560 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2012.06.010 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 993LU UT WOS:000307862000017 ER PT J AU Ross, JA Leavitt, SA Schmid, JE Nelson, GB AF Ross, Jeffrey A. Leavitt, Sharon A. Schmid, Judith E. Nelson, Garret B. TI Quantitative changes in endogenous DNA adducts correlate with conazole in vivo mutagenicity and tumorigenicity SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article ID RAS ONCOGENE MUTATIONS; SITE-SPECIFIC MUTATION; B6C3F1 MOUSE-LIVER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSGENIC MICE; SEQUENCE CONTEXT; LACI GENE; NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB The mouse liver tumorigenic conazole fungicides triadimefon and propiconazole have previously been shown to be in vivo mouse liver mutagens in the Big Blue (TM) transgenic mutation assay when administered in feed at tumorigenic doses, whereas the nontumorigenic conazole myclobutanil was not mutagenic. DNA sequencing of the mutants recovered from each treatment group as well as from animals receiving control diet revealed that propiconazole- and triadimefon-induced mutations do not represent general clonal expansion of background mutations, and support the hypothesis that they arise from the accumulation of endogenous reactive metabolic intermediates within the liver in vivo. We therefore measured the spectra of endogenous DNA adducts in the livers of mice from these studies to determine if there were quantitative or qualitative differences between mice receiving tumorigenic or nontumorigenic conazoles compared to concurrent control animals. We resolved and quantitated 16 individual adduct spots by P-32 postlabelling and thin layer chromatography using three solvent systems. Qualitatively, we observed the same DNA adducts in control mice as in mice receiving conazoles. However, the 13 adducts with the highest chromatographic mobility were, as a group, present at significantly higher amounts in the livers of mice treated with propiconazole and triadimefon than in their concurrent controls, whereas this same group of DNA adducts in the myclobutanil-treated mice was not different from controls. This same group of endogenous adducts were significantly correlated with mutant frequency across all treatment groups (P = 0.002), as were total endogenous DNA adduct levels (P = 0.005). We hypothesise that this treatment-related increase in endogenous DNA adducts, together with concomitant increases in cell proliferation previously reported to be induced by conazoles, explain the observed increased in vivo mutation frequencies previously reported to be induced by treatment with propiconazole and triadimefon. C1 [Ross, Jeffrey A.; Leavitt, Sharon A.; Schmid, Judith E.; Nelson, Garret B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ross, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ross.jeffrey@epamail.epa.gov RI Ross, Jeffrey/E-4782-2010 OI Ross, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7002-4548 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this manuscript has been funded wholly by the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 84 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 27 IS 5 BP 541 EP 549 DI 10.1093/mutage/ges017 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 003RO UT WOS:000308629200003 PM 22492202 ER PT J AU Kinney, CA Campbell, BR Thompson, R Furlong, ET Kolpin, DW Burkhardt, MR Zaugg, SD Werner, SL Hay, AG AF Kinney, Chad A. Campbell, Bryan R. Thompson, Regina Furlong, Edward T. Kolpin, Dana W. Burkhardt, Mark R. Zaugg, Steven D. Werner, Stephen L. Hay, Anthony G. TI Earthworm bioassays and seedling emergence for monitoring toxicity, aging and bioaccumulation of anthropogenic waste indicator compounds in biosolids-amended soil SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biosolids; Toxicity; Earthworm; Seedling emergence; Bioaccumulation ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SURFACE-WATER; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; PHARMACEUTICALS; PH; BIOAVAILABILITY; ENVIRONMENT; PLANTS AB Land application of biosolids (treated sewage sludge) can be an important route for introducing xenobiotic compounds into terrestrial environments. There is a paucity of available information on the effects of biosolids amendment on terrestrial organisms. In this study, the influence of biosolids and biosolids aging on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) reproduction and survival and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seedling emergence was investigated. Earthworms were exposed to soils amended with varying quantities of biosolids (0, 1, 2, 3, or 4% dry mass). To investigate the influence of biosolids aging, the biosolids used in the study were aged for differing lengths of time (2 or 8 weeks) prior to exposure. All of the adult earthworms survived in the biosolids-amended soils at all concentrations that were aged for 2 weeks; however, only 20% of the adults survived in the soil amended with the highest concentration of biosolids and aged for 8 weeks. Reproduction as measured by mean number of juveniles and unhatched cocoons produced per treatment correlated inversely with biosolids concentration, although the effects were generally more pronounced in the 8-week aged biosolids-soil samples. latent seedling emergence and reduced seedling fitness correlated inversely with biosolids concentration, but these effects were tempered in the 8-week aged versus the 2-week aged soil-biosolids mixtures. Anthropogenic waste indicator compounds (AWIs) were measured in the biosolids, biosolids-soil mixtures, and earthworm samples. Where possible. bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated or estimated. A wide variety of AWIs were detected in the biosolids (51 AWIs) and earthworm samples (<= 19 AWI). The earthworms exposed to the 8-week aged biosolids-soil mixtures tended to accumulate greater quantities of AWIs compared to the 2-week aged mixture, suggesting that the bioavailability of some AWIs was enhanced with aging. The BAFs for a given AWI varied with treatment. Notably large BAFs were determined for some AWIs. For example, the maximum BAF determined for para-cresol, methyl salicylate, bisphenol-A. and cholesterol was greater than 100 in some treatments. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kinney, Chad A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Pueblo, CO 81001 USA. [Campbell, Bryan R.; Hay, Anthony G.] Cornell Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Microbiol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thompson, Regina] Eastern Washington Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Cheney, WA 99004 USA. [Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA. [Furlong, Edward T.; Burkhardt, Mark R.; Zaugg, Steven D.; Werner, Stephen L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Burkhardt, Mark R.] US EPA, Reg Lab 8, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Hay, Anthony G.] Cornell Univ, Inst Comparat & Environm Toxicol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Kinney, CA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, 2200 Bonforte Blvd, Pueblo, CO 81001 USA. EM chad.kinney@colostate-pueblo.edu FU Research Corporation Cottrell College Science Award; USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; USDA Hatch program; College of Science and Mathematics at Colorado State University-Pueblo FX The research described herein was supported in part by a Research Corporation Cottrell College Science Award, the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, the USDA Hatch program, and the College of Science and Mathematics at Colorado State University-Pueblo. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 433 BP 507 EP 515 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.097 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 005ZA UT WOS:000308787500055 PM 22832088 ER PT J AU Friedman, SD Snellgrove, WC Genthner, FJ AF Friedman, Stephanie D. Snellgrove, Wyatt C. Genthner, Fred J. TI Genomic Sequences of two Novel Levivirus Single-Stranded RNA Coliphages (Family Leviviridae): Evidence for Recombination in Environmental Strains SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE male-specific coliphage; Leviviridae; viral recombinants; ssRNA virus; FRNA; bacteriophage ID LINE BLOT HYBRIDIZATION; GENETIC-RECOMBINATION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; VIRUS; TYPE-1; POLIOVIRUS; REPLICASE; REGION; PCR AB Bacteriophages are likely the most abundant entities in the aquatic environment, yet knowledge of their ecology is limited. During a fecal source-tracking study, two genetically novel Leviviridae strains were discovered. Although the novel strains were isolated from coastal waters 1130 km apart (North Carolina and Rhode Island, USA), these strains shared 97% nucleotide similarity and 97-100% amino acid similarity. When the novel strains were compared to nine Levivirus genogroup I strains, they shared 95-100% similarity among the maturation, capsid and lysis proteins, but only 84-85% in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene. Further bioinformatic analyses suggested a recombination event occurred. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of viral recombinants in environmental Leviviridae ssRNA bacteriophages. C1 [Friedman, Stephanie D.; Genthner, Fred J.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Snellgrove, Wyatt C.] William Carey Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Hattiesburg, MS 39401 USA. RP Friedman, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM friedman.stephanie@epa.gov; cliffsnellgrove@gmail.com; genthner.fred@epa.gov FU EPA's New England Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE); Jack Paar, III, U.S. EPA New England Regional Laboratory; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was funded, in part, through EPA's New England Regional Applied Research Effort (RARE). We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Jack Paar, III, U.S. EPA New England Regional Laboratory for initiating and sponsoring this program.; The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD SEP PY 2012 VL 4 IS 9 BP 1548 EP 1568 DI 10.3390/v4091548 PG 21 WC Virology SC Virology GA 012XF UT WOS:000309269300010 PM 23170172 ER PT J AU Cyterski, M Zhang, SY White, E Molina, M Wolfe, K Parmar, R Zepp, R AF Cyterski, Michael Zhang, Shuyan White, Emily Molina, Marirosa Wolfe, Kurt Parmar, Rajbir Zepp, Richard TI Temporal Synchronization Analysis for Improving Regression Modeling of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Levels SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Multiple linear regression; Fecal indicator bacteria modeling ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; WATER-QUALITY; FRESH-WATER; BEACH CLOSURES; PREDICTABILITY; MARINE AB Multiple linear regression models are often used to predict levels of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in recreational swimming waters based on independent variables (IVs) such as meteorologic, hydrodynamic, and water-quality measures. The IVs used for these analyses are traditionally measured at the same time as the water-quality sample. We investigated the improvement in empirical modeling performance by using IVs that had been temporally synchronized with the FIB response variable. We first examined the univariate relationship between multiple "aspects" of each IV and the response variable to find the single aspect of each IV most strongly related to the response. Aspects are defined by the temporal window and lag (relative to when the response is measured) over which the IV is averaged. Models were then formed using the "best" aspects of each IV. Employing iterative cross-validation, we examined the average improvement in the mean squared error of prediction, MSEP, for a testing dataset after using our temporal synchronization technique on the training data. We compared the MSEP values of three methodologies: predictions made using unsynchronized IVs (UNS), predictions made using synchronized IVs where aspects were chosen using a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), and predictions using IV aspects chosen using the PRESS statistic (PRS). Averaging over 500 randomly generated testing datasets, the MSEP values using the PRS technique were 50 % lower (p < 0.001) than the MSEP values of the UNS technique. The average MSEP values of the PCC technique were 26 % lower (p < 0.001) than the MSEP values of the UNS technique. We conclude that temporal synchronization is capable of significantly improving predictive models of FIB levels in recreational swimming waters. C1 [Cyterski, Michael; Zhang, Shuyan; White, Emily; Molina, Marirosa; Wolfe, Kurt; Parmar, Rajbir; Zepp, Richard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Cyterski, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM cyterski.mike@epa.gov FU City of Milwaukee Health Department, South Shore Yacht Club; Daniel Feinstein FX The authors wish to thank Michael Tryby (USEPA) and anonymous referees for insightful review comments. We acknowledge the support of the City of Milwaukee Health Department, South Shore Yacht Club, and Daniel Feinstein. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 223 IS 8 BP 4841 EP 4851 DI 10.1007/s11270-012-1240-3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 007GA UT WOS:000308875600017 ER PT J AU Obican, SG Jahnke, GD Soldin, OP Scialli, AR AF Obican, Sarah G. Jahnke, Gloria D. Soldin, Offie P. Scialli, Anthony R. TI Teratology public affairs committee position paper: Iodine deficiency in pregnancy SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE iodine deficiency; pregnancy; iodine supplementation; thyroid hormones; lactation; pregnancy complications; child development ID MATERNAL THYROID-FUNCTION; UNITED-STATES; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; INDUCED HYPERTHYROIDISM; CHILDREN BORN; IODIZED SALT; SUPPLEMENTATION; WOMEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION AB Iodine deficiency is an important nutritional deficiency, with more than 2 billion people worldwide estimated to be at risk. The developing fetus and young children are particularly at risk. During pregnancy and lactation, iodine requirements increase, whether in iodine-poor or iodine-sufficient countries, making the mother and the developing fetus vulnerable. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends 250 micrograms per day of iodine intake for pregnant and lactating women. The thyroid gland is able to adapt to the changes associated with pregnancy as long as sufficient iodine is present. Dietary intake is the sole source of iodine, which is essential to the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine is found in multiple dietary sources including iodized salt, dairy products, seaweed, and fish. Prenatal vitamins containing iodine are a good source of iodine, but iodine content in multivitamin supplements is highly variable. Congenital hypothyroidism is associated with cretinism. Clinical hypothyroidism has been associated with increased risk of poor perinatal outcome including prematurity, low birth weight, miscarriage, preeclampsia, fetal death, and impaired fetal neurocognitive development. Subclinical hypothyroidism is also associated with poor pregnancy outcomes and potential fetal neurocognitive deficits, but the data are more variable than those for clinical hypothyroidism. We concur with the ATA recommendation that all pregnant and lactating women should ingest (through diet and supplements) 250 micrograms of iodine daily. To achieve this goal, we recommend that all pregnant and lactating women take daily iodine supplementation of 150 micrograms. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:677682, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Obican, Sarah G.] George Washington Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC USA. [Jahnke, Gloria D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Soldin, Offie P.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Oncol, PregnaTox, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Soldin, Offie P.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Soldin, Offie P.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Soldin, Offie P.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Soldin, Offie P.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Physiol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Scialli, Anthony R.] Tetra Tech Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Obican, SG (reprint author), 2150 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM sarahobican@yahoo.com FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG033867] NR 45 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 94 IS 9 BP 677 EP 682 DI 10.1002/bdra.23051 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 001PY UT WOS:000308473800001 PM 22903940 ER PT J AU Harte, PT Ayotte, JD Hoffman, A Revesz, KM Belaval, M Lamb, S Bohlke, JK AF Harte, Philip T. Ayotte, Joseph D. Hoffman, Andrew Revesz, Kinga M. Belaval, Marcel Lamb, Steven Boehlke, J. K. TI Heterogeneous redox conditions, arsenic mobility, and groundwater flow in a fractured-rock aquifer near a waste repository site in New Hampshire, USA SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Redox; Stable isotopes; Reductive dissolution; USA ID UNITED-STATES; FRESH-WATER; DENITRIFICATION; CONTAMINATION; REDUCTION; SEAWATER; BEDROCK; NITRATE; OXYGEN; MAINE AB Anthropogenic sources of carbon from landfill or waste leachate can promote reductive dissolution of in situ arsenic (As) and enhance the mobility of As in groundwater. Groundwater from residential-supply wells in a fractured crystalline-rock aquifer adjacent to a Superfund site in Raymond, New Hampshire, USA, showed evidence of locally enhanced As mobilization in relatively reducing (mixed oxic-anoxic to anoxic) conditions as determined by redox classification and other lines of evidence. Redox classification was determined from geochemical indicators based on threshold concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate (NO (3) (-) ), iron (Fe2+), manganese (Mn2+), and sulfate (SO (4) (2-) ). Redox conditions were evaluated also based on methane (CH4), excess nitrogen gas (N-2) from denitrification, the oxidation state of dissolved As speciation (As(III) and As(V)), and several stable isotope ratios. Samples from the residential-supply wells primarily exhibit mixed redox conditions, as most have long open boreholes (typically 50-100 m) that receive water from multiple discrete fractures with contrasting groundwater chemistry and redox conditions. The methods employed in this study can be used at other sites to gauge redox conditions and the potential for As mobilization in complex fractured crystalline-rock aquifers where multiple lines of evidence are likely needed to understand As occurrence, mobility, and transport. C1 [Harte, Philip T.; Ayotte, Joseph D.] US Geol Survey, New Hampshire Vermont Water Sci Ctr, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA. [Hoffman, Andrew] New Hampshire Dept Environm Serv, Concord, NH 03302 USA. [Revesz, Kinga M.; Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Belaval, Marcel] US EPA, Boston, MA 02109 USA. [Lamb, Steven] GZA GeoEnvironm Inc, Manchester, NH 03103 USA. RP Harte, PT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New Hampshire Vermont Water Sci Ctr, 331 Commerce Way,Suite 2, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA. EM ptharte@usgs.gov FU New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES); US Geological Survey FX This study was funded through a cooperative agreement between the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES) and the US Geological Survey. The authors would like to thank the many participants who contributed to this study from a variety of government agencies and private partnerships. Michael Asselin of GZA GeoEnvironmental, Inc. was the co-project leader of the study. Michael Jasinski of the US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1, provided important oversight; Steven Mangion of the US Environmental Protection Office of Research and Development (ORD) provided a technical perspective on fate and transport issues at Superfund sites. Special thanks to Fred McGary, Carl Baxter, and Richard Pease of the NHDES for their managerial oversight. New Hampshire State Geologist David Wunsch provided important information on well records and geological conditions of the study area. Lastly, thanks to the citizens of Raymond, New Hampshire, who graciously permitted access to their residential wells for sampling. Note: any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 20 IS 6 BP 1189 EP 1201 DI 10.1007/s10040-012-0844-4 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 001DU UT WOS:000308441100012 ER PT J AU Hodas, N Meng, QY Lunden, MM Rich, DQ Ozkaynak, H Baxter, LK Zhang, Q Turpin, BJ AF Hodas, Natasha Meng, Qingyu Lunden, Melissa M. Rich, David Q. Oezkaynak, Haluk Baxter, Lisa K. Zhang, Qi Turpin, Barbara J. TI Variability in the fraction of ambient fine particulate matter found indoors and observed heterogeneity in health effect estimates SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PM2.5 exposure error; indoor exposure; outdoor-to-indoor transport; air pollution epidemiology ID AIR-POLLUTION; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; OUTDOOR ORIGIN; PARTICLE COMPOSITION; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; PM2.5; INFILTRATION; PENETRATION; MORTALITY AB Exposure to ambient (outdoor-generated) fine particulate matter (PM2.5) occurs predominantly indoors. The variable efficiency with which ambient PM2.5 penetrates and persists indoors is a source of exposure error in air pollution epidemiology and could contribute to observed temporal and spatial heterogeneity in health effect estimates. We used a mass balance approach to model F for several scenarios across which heterogeneity in effect estimates has been observed: with geographic location of residence, residential roadway proximity, socioeconomic status, and central air-conditioning use. We found F is higher in close proximity to primary combustion sources (e.g. proximity to traffic) and for lower income homes. F is lower when PM2.5 is enriched in nitrate and with central air-conditioning use. As a result, exposure error resulting from variability in F will be greatest when these factors have high temporal and/or spatial variability. The circumstances for which F is lower in our calculations correspond to circumstances for which lower effect estimates have been observed in epidemiological studies and higher F values correspond to higher effect estimates. Our results suggest that variability in exposure misclassification resulting from variability in F is a possible contributor to heterogeneity in PM-mediated health effect estimates. C1 [Hodas, Natasha; Turpin, Barbara J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Meng, Qingyu] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Meng, Qingyu; Turpin, Barbara J.] Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Lunden, Melissa M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rich, David Q.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Oezkaynak, Haluk; Baxter, Lisa K.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhang, Qi] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Turpin, BJ (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM turpin@envsci.rutgers.edu RI Zhang, Qi/F-9653-2010; Turpin, Barbara /D-8346-2012; Hodas, Natasha/C-6703-2013 FU US Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83407201-0]; NIEHS [NIEHS P30ES005022]; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station; Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Fellowship; EPA STAR Fellowship FX We gratefully acknowledge helpful discussions with Janet Burke and Pamela Ohman-Strickland, as well as data from William Nazaroff. This research was funded in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency (Cooperative Agreement CR-83407201-0), NIEHS-sponsored UMDNJ Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease (NIEHS P30ES005022), and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Natasha Hodas was supported by a Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need Fellowship and an EPA STAR Fellowship. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 54 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 33 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 22 IS 5 BP 448 EP 454 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.34 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 994MD UT WOS:000307934000003 PM 22617722 ER PT J AU Young, BM Tulve, NS Egeghy, PP Driver, JH Zartarian, VG Johnston, JE Delmaar, CJE Evans, JJ Smith, LA Glen, G Lunchick, C Ross, JH Xue, JP Barnekow, DE AF Young, Bruce M. Tulve, Nicolle S. Egeghy, Peter P. Driver, Jeffrey H. Zartarian, Valerie G. Johnston, Jason E. Delmaar, Christiaan J. E. Evans, Jeffrey J. Smith, Luther A. Glen, Graham Lunchick, Curt Ross, John H. Xue, Jianping Barnekow, David E. TI Comparison of four probabilistic models (CARES (R), Calendex (TM), ConsExpo, and SHEDS) to estimate aggregate residential exposures to pesticides SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE model; probabilistic; SHEDS; CARES; ConsExpo; Calendex ID POTENTIAL DERMAL TRANSFER; INDOOR FOGGER USE; INTERIM-REPORT; CHLORPYRIFOS; CRACK AB Two deterministic models (US EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs Residential Standard Operating Procedures (OPP Residential SOPs) and Draft Protocol for Measuring Children's Non-Occupational Exposure to Pesticides by all Relevant Pathways (Draft Protocol)) and four probabilistic models (CARES (R), Calendex (TM), ConsExpo, and SHEDS) were used to estimate aggregate residential exposures to pesticides. The route-specific exposure estimates for young children (2-5 years) generated by each model were compared to evaluate data inputs, algorithms, and underlying assumptions. Three indoor exposure scenarios were considered: crack and crevice, fogger, and flying insect killer. Dermal exposure estimates from the OPP Residential SOPs and the Draft Protocol were 4.75 and 2.37 mg/kg/day (crack and crevice scenario) and 0.73 and 0.36 mg/kg/day (fogger), respectively. The dermal exposure estimates (99th percentile) for the crack and crevice scenario were 16.52, 12.82, 3.57, and 3.30 mg/kg/day for CARES, Calendex, SHEDS, and ConsExpo, respectively. Dermal exposure estimates for the fogger scenario from CARES and Calendex (1.50 and 1.47 mg/kg/day, respectively) were slightly higher than those from SHEDS and ConsExpo (0.74 and 0.55 mg/kg/day, respectively). The ConsExpo derived non-dietary ingestion estimates (99th percentile) under these two scenarios were higher than those from SHEDS, CARES, and Calendex. All models produced extremely low exposure estimates for the flying insect killer scenario. Using similar data inputs, the model estimates by route for these scenarios were consistent and comparable. Most of the models predicted exposures within a factor of 5 at the 50th and 99th percentiles. The differences identified are explained by activity assumptions, input distributions, and exposure algorithms. C1 [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Egeghy, Peter P.; Zartarian, Valerie G.; Xue, Jianping] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Young, Bruce M.; Lunchick, Curt] Bayer CropSci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Driver, Jeffrey H.] Infosci Com Inc, Manassas, VA USA. [Johnston, Jason E.] Exponent, Washington, DC USA. [Delmaar, Christiaan J. E.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, RIVM, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Evans, Jeffrey J.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Smith, Luther A.; Glen, Graham] Al Sci & Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Ross, John H.] Infosci Com Inc, Carmichael, CA USA. [Barnekow, David E.] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Tulve, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM tulve.nicolle@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for publication. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2012 VL 22 IS 5 BP 522 EP 532 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.54 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 994MD UT WOS:000307934000013 PM 22781436 ER PT J AU West, FD Henderson, WM Yu, P Yang, JY Stice, SL Smith, MA AF West, Franklin D. Henderson, W. Matthew Yu, Ping Yang, Jeong-Yeh Stice, Steven L. Smith, Mary Alice TI Metabolomic Response of Human Embryonic Stem CellDerived Germ-like Cells After Exposure to Steroid Hormones SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE metabolomics; germ cell; stem cell; steroid hormones ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NMR METABOLOMICS; BREAST-CANCER; PROGESTERONE; RECEPTOR; ESTROGEN; PROLIFERATION; CULTURE; 17-ALPHA-ETHYNYLESTRADIOL AB To assess the potential risks of human exposure to endocrine active compounds (EACs), the mechanisms of toxicity must first be identified and characterized. Currently, there are no robust in vitro models for identifying the mechanisms of toxicity in germ cells resulting from EAC exposure. Human embryonic stem cells can differentiate into numerous functional cell types including germ-like cells (GLCs). These cells possess characteristics indicative of a germ cell state, suggesting they offer a novel system to investigate the consequences of chemical exposure on normal germ cell processes. To characterize these processes, a metabolomic-based approach was employed to determine the response of GLCs following exposure to 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, or 100M estradiol, testosterone, or progesterone for 48h. Following exposure, cellular extracts underwent gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis. Models were then constructed using principal component analysis on acquired spectra to discriminate among steroid hormones as well as doses for each hormone. t-test comparisons generated a preliminary list of metabolites that were statistically significant in GLC's biochemical response to these steroid hormones. Steroid hormone exposures caused fluxes in intracellular pathways such as amino acid synthesis and metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, as well as cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism. Further pathway analysis, based on these identified metabolites, will aid in modeling the response of GLCs to endogenous steroid hormones and allow for identification of biomarkers delineating germ cell-based developmental and reproductive pathways. C1 [West, Franklin D.; Yu, Ping; Yang, Jeong-Yeh; Stice, Steven L.; Smith, Mary Alice] Univ Georgia, Regenerat Biosci Ctr, Athens, GA 30603 USA. [West, Franklin D.; Yu, Ping; Yang, Jeong-Yeh; Stice, Steven L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Athens, GA 30603 USA. [Henderson, W. Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Smith, Mary Alice] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30603 USA. RP West, FD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Regenerat Biosci Ctr, Athens, GA 30603 USA. EM WestF@UGA.edu FU Georgia Research Alliance FX This work was supported in part by funding from the Georgia Research Alliance. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 27 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 129 IS 1 BP 9 EP 20 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs185 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 998JN UT WOS:000308234000003 PM 22649186 ER PT J AU Moser, VC Padilla, S Simmons, JE Haber, LT Hertzberg, RC AF Moser, Virginia C. Padilla, Stephanie Simmons, Jane Ellen Haber, Lynne T. Hertzberg, Richard C. TI Impact of Chemical Proportions on the Acute Neurotoxicity of a Mixture of Seven Carbamates in Preweanling and Adult Rats SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE dose additivity; pesticide mixture; carbaryl; carbofuran; formetanate; methiocarb; methomyl; oxamyl; propoxur; cholinesterase; behavior; age; rat ID CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; PESTICIDE MIXTURES; DOSE-RESPONSE; TIME-COURSE; TOXICITY; PROPOXUR; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS; CARBOFURAN; CARBARYL; CARBOXYLESTERASES AB Statistical design and environmental relevance are important aspects of studies of chemical mixtures, such as pesticides. We used a dose-additivity model to test experimentally the default assumptions of dose additivity for two mixtures of seven N-methylcarbamates (carbaryl, carbofuran, formetanate, methomyl, methiocarb, oxamyl, and propoxur). The best-fitting models were selected for the single-chemical dose-response data and used to develop a combined prediction model, which was then compared with the experimental mixture data. We evaluated behavioral (motor activity) and cholinesterase (ChE)-inhibitory (brain, red blood cells) outcomes at the time of peak acute effects following oral gavage in adult and preweanling (17 days old) Long-Evans male rats. The mixtures varied only in their mixing ratios. In the relative potency mixture, proportions of each carbamate were set at equitoxic component doses. A California environmental mixture was based on the 2005 sales of each carbamate in California. In adult rats, the relative potency mixture showed dose additivity for red blood cell ChE and motor activity, and brain ChE inhibition showed a modest greater-than additive (synergistic) response, but only at a middle dose. In rat pups, the relative potency mixture was either dose-additive (brain ChE inhibition, motor activity) or slightly less-than additive (red blood cell ChE inhibition). On the other hand, at both ages, the environmental mixture showed greater-than additive responses on all three endpoints, with significant deviations from predicted at most to all doses tested. Thus, we observed different interactive properties for different mixing ratios of these chemicals. These approaches for studying pesticide mixtures can improve evaluations of potential toxicity under varying experimental conditions that may mimic human exposures. C1 [Moser, Virginia C.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Padilla, Stephanie; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Haber, Lynne T.] Toxicol Excellence Risk Assessment, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Hertzberg, Richard C.] Biomath Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD-B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Moser.ginger@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; EPA [GS-10F0369N] FX U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; statistical analyses funded by EPA (contract GS-10F0369N) to Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 129 IS 1 BP 126 EP 134 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs190 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 998JN UT WOS:000308234000011 PM 22649187 ER PT J AU Senadheera, S Kim, Y Grayson, TH Toemoe, S Kochukov, MY Abramowitz, J Housley, GD Bertrand, RL Chadha, PS Bertrand, PP Murphy, TV Tare, M Birnbaumer, L Marrelli, SP Sandow, SL AF Senadheera, Sevvandi Kim, Youngsoo Grayson, T. Hilton Toemoe, Sianne Kochukov, Mikhail Y. Abramowitz, Joel Housley, Gary D. Bertrand, Rebecca L. Chadha, Preet S. Bertrand, Paul P. Murphy, Timothy V. Tare, Marianne Birnbaumer, Lutz Marrelli, Sean P. Sandow, Shaun L. TI Transient receptor potential canonical type 3 channels facilitate endothelium-derived hyperpolarization-mediated resistance artery vasodilator activity SO CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Endothelium; Calcium channel; Potassium channel; Signalling microdomain; Smooth muscle; Vasodilation ID MYOENDOTHELIAL GAP-JUNCTIONS; RAT MESENTERIC-ARTERY; ACTIVATED POTASSIUM CHANNELS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; INOSITOL 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE; TRPC3 CHANNELS; SHEAR-STRESS; K+ CHANNELS; CA2+; CALCIUM AB Microdomain signalling mechanisms underlie key aspects of artery function and the modulation of intracellular calcium, with transient receptor potential (TRP) channels playing an integral role. This study determines the distribution and role of TRP canonical type 3 (C3) channels in the control of endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH)-mediated vasodilator tone in rat mesenteric artery. TRPC3 antibody specificity was verified using rat tissue, human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells stably transfected with mouse TRPC3 cDNA, and TRPC3 knock-out (KO) mouse tissue using western blotting and confocal and ultrastructural immunohistochemistry. TRPC3-Pyr3 (ethyl-1-(4-(2,3,3-trichloroacrylamide)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate) specificity was verified using patch clamp of mouse mesenteric artery endothelial and TRPC3-transfected HEK cells, and TRPC3 KO and wild-type mouse aortic endothelial cell calcium imaging and mesenteric artery pressure myography. TRPC3 distribution, expression, and role in EDH-mediated function were examined in rat mesenteric artery using immunohistochemistry and western blotting, and pressure myography and endothelial cell membrane potential recordings. In rat mesenteric artery, TRPC3 was diffusely distributed in the endothelium, with approximately five-fold higher expression at potential myoendothelial microdomain contact sites, and immunoelectron microscopy confirmed TRPC3 at these sites. Western blotting and endothelial damage confirmed primary endothelial TRPC3 expression. In rat mesenteric artery endothelial cells, Pyr3 inhibited hyperpolarization generation, and with individual SKCa (apamin) or IKCa (TRAM-34) block, Pyr3 abolished the residual respective IKCa- and SKCa-dependent EDH-mediated vasodilation. The spatial localization of TRPC3 and associated channels, receptors, and calcium stores are integral for myoendothelial microdomain function. TRPC3 facilitates endothelial SKCa and IKCa activation, as key components of EDH-mediated vasodilator activity and for regulating mesenteric artery tone. C1 [Senadheera, Sevvandi; Kim, Youngsoo; Grayson, T. Hilton; Toemoe, Sianne; Housley, Gary D.; Bertrand, Rebecca L.; Chadha, Preet S.; Bertrand, Paul P.; Murphy, Timothy V.; Sandow, Shaun L.] Univ New S Wales, Fac Med, Sch Med Sci, Dept Physiol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Kochukov, Mikhail Y.; Marrelli, Sean P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Abramowitz, Joel; Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Transmembrane Signalling Grp, Neurobiol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Chadha, Preet S.] Univ London, Div Biomed Sci, London SW17 0RE, England. [Tare, Marianne] Monash Univ, Dept Physiol, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia. [Marrelli, Sean P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marrelli, Sean P.] Baylor Coll Med, Grad Program Physiol Cardiovasc Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Senadheera, S (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Fac Med, Sch Med Sci, Dept Physiol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM s.senadheera@student.unsw.edu.au; shaun.sandow@unsw.edu.au RI Grayson, Thomas/F-2708-2011; Abramowitz, Joel/A-2620-2015; Sandow, Shaun/N-4256-2016; OI Sandow, Shaun/0000-0002-0753-2742; Bertrand, Paul/0000-0003-1122-2306; Housley, Gary/0000-0002-8413-588X FU National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [ID401112, 455243, 510202, 546087]; Australian Research Council [DP1097202]; National Institutes of Health [Z01-ES-101684, R01 HL088435] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (ID401112 and 455243 to S. L. S., 510202 to P. B., and 546087 to M. T. and S. L. S.), the Australian Research Council (DP1097202 to G. D. H.), and the National Institutes of Health (project Z01-ES-101684 to L. B. and R01 HL088435 to S.P.M.). NR 55 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0008-6363 J9 CARDIOVASC RES JI Cardiovasc. Res. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 95 IS 4 BP 439 EP 447 DI 10.1093/cvr/cvs208 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 992MV UT WOS:000307781800009 PM 22721989 ER PT J AU Martin, SA McLanahan, ED El-Masri, H LeFew, WR Bushnell, PJ Boyes, WK Choi, K Clewell, HJ Campbell, JL AF Martin, Sheppard A. McLanahan, Eva D. El-Masri, Hisham LeFew, William R. Bushnell, Philip J. Boyes, William K. Choi, Kyoungju Clewell, Harvey J., III Campbell, Jerry L., Jr. TI Development of multi-route physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models for ethanol in the adult, pregnant, and neonatal rat SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; Pharmacokinetics; PBPK model; Multi-route; Life-stage ID FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME; CEREBELLAR PURKINJE-CELLS; APOPTOTIC NEURODEGENERATION; GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT; DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; OXIDIZING SYSTEM; DEVELOPING BRAIN; ANIMAL-MODEL AB Biofuel blends of 10% ethanol (EtOH) and gasoline are common in the USA, and higher EtOH concentrations are being considered (15-85%). Currently, no physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are available to describe the kinetics of EtOH-based biofuels. PBPK models were developed to describe life-stage differences in the kinetics of EtOH alone in adult, pregnant, and neonatal rats for inhalation, oral, and intravenous routes of exposure, using data available in the open literature. Whereas ample data exist from gavage and intravenous routes of exposure, kinetic data from inhalation exposures are limited, particularly at concentrations producing blood and target tissue concentrations associated with developmental neurotoxicity. Compared to available data, the three models reported in this paper accurately predicted the kinetics of EtOH, including the absorption, peak concentration, and clearance across multiple datasets. In general, model predictions for adult and pregnant animals matched inhalation and intravenous datasets better than gavage data. The adult model was initially better able to predict the time-course of blood concentrations than was the neonatal model. However, after accounting for age-related changes in gastric uptake using the calibrated neonate model, simulations consistently reproduced the early kinetic behavior in blood. This work provides comprehensive multi-route life-stage models of EtOH pharmacokinetics and represents a first step in development of models for use with gasoline-EtOH blends, with additional potential applicability in investigation of the pharmacokinetics of EtOH abuse, addiction, and toxicity. C1 [Martin, Sheppard A.; Bushnell, Philip J.; Boyes, William K.] US EPA, NB, TAD, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McLanahan, Eva D.] NCEA, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [El-Masri, Hisham; LeFew, William R.] ISTD, SBB, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Choi, Kyoungju; Clewell, Harvey J., III; Campbell, Jerry L., Jr.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Martin, SA (reprint author), US EPA, NB, TAD, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Martin.Sheppard@epa.gov FU Environmental Protection Agency in part through USEPA [EP-C-09-006] FX The information in this document has been funded by the Environmental Protection Agency, in part through USEPA contract EP-C-09-006. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval doses not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 113 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 24 IS 11 BP 698 EP 722 DI 10.3109/08958378.2012.712165 PG 25 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 000XF UT WOS:000308423400002 PM 22954395 ER PT J AU Reponen, T Lockey, J Bernstein, DI Vesper, SJ Levin, L Hershey, GKK Zheng, S Ryan, P Grinshpun, SA Villareal, M LeMasters, G AF Reponen, Tiina Lockey, James Bernstein, David I. Vesper, Stephen J. Levin, Linda Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana Zheng, Shu Ryan, Patrick Grinshpun, Sergey A. Villareal, Manuel LeMasters, Grace TI Infant origins of childhood asthma associated with specific molds SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Asthma; molds; speciation; infants; Environmental Relative Moldiness Index ID QUANTITATIVE PCR ANALYSIS; RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; 1ST YEAR; ALTERNARIA-ALTERNATA; HOUSE-DUST; US HOMES; CHILDREN; COHORT; SYMPTOMS; EXPOSURE AB Background: The specific cause or causes of asthma development must be identified to prevent this disease. Objective: Our hypothesis was that specific mold exposures are associated with childhood asthma development. Methods: Infants were identified from birth certificates. Dust samples were collected from 289 homes when the infants were 8 months of age. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of 36 molds that comprise the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) and endotoxin, house dust mite, cat, dog, and cockroach allergens. Children were evaluated at age 7 years for asthma based on reported symptoms and objective measures of lung function. Host, environmental exposure, and home characteristics evaluated included a history of parental asthma, race, sex, upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms, season of birth, family income, cigarette smoke exposure, air conditioning, use of a dehumidifier, presence of carpeting, age of home, and visible mold at age 1 year and child's positive skin prick test response to aeroallergens and molds at age 7 years. Results: Asthma was diagnosed in 24% of the children at age 7 years. A statistically significant increase in asthma risk at age 7 years was associated with high ERMI values in the child's home in infancy (adjusted relative risk for a 10-unit increase in ERMI value, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.5-2.2). The summation of levels of 3 mold species, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus unguis, and Penicillium variabile, was significantly associated with asthma (adjusted relative risk, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.8-2.7). Conclusion: In this birth cohort study exposure during infancy to 3 mold species common to water-damaged buildings was associated with childhood asthma at age 7 years. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012;130:639-44.) C1 [Reponen, Tiina; Lockey, James; Levin, Linda; Zheng, Shu; Ryan, Patrick; Grinshpun, Sergey A.; LeMasters, Grace] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Lockey, James; Bernstein, David I.; Villareal, Manuel] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Internal Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Vesper, Stephen J.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana; Ryan, Patrick] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Ctr Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Reponen, T (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM Tiina.Reponen@uc.edu RI Ryan, Patrick /L-7062-2015; Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015; OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284; Khurana Hershey, Gurjit/0000-0001-6663-977X FU US Department of Housing and Urban Development [OHLHH0226-10]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [RO1 ES11170]; US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development; US Housing and Urban Development; Mycometrics; EMSL; TestAmerica; Forensics Analytical; Roche; Aemtek; Microbial Insight; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX Supported in part by US Department of Housing and Urban Development grant no. OHLHH0226-10 and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant no. RO1 ES11170 awarded to the University of Cincinnati. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. Commercial use of the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index technology can provide royalties to the EPA.; T. Reponen has received research support from US Housing and Urban Development. J. Lockey and G. LeMasters are involved in the Diesel, Allergens and Gene Interaction and Child Atopy study. S. J. Vesper has received royalties from Mycometrics, EMSL, TestAmerica, Forensics Analytical, Roche, Aemtek, and Microbial Insight. P. Ryan has received research support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. NR 44 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 32 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 130 IS 3 BP 639 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.05.030 PG 11 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 001LZ UT WOS:000308463500010 PM 22789397 ER PT J AU Schauble, CL Hampel, R Breitner, S Ruckerl, R Phipps, R Diaz-Sanchez, D Devlin, RB Carter, JD Soukup, J Silbajoris, R Dailey, L Koenig, W Cyrys, J Geruschkat, U Belcredi, P Kraus, U Peters, A Schneider, AE AF Schaeuble, Claudia Luise Hampel, Regina Breitner, Susanne Rueckerl, Regina Phipps, Richard Diaz-Sanchez, David Devlin, Robert B. Carter, Jacqueline D. Soukup, Joleen Silbajoris, Robert Dailey, Lisa Koenig, Wolfgang Cyrys, Josef Geruschkat, Uta Belcredi, Petra Kraus, Ute Peters, Annette Schneider, Alexandra E. TI Short-term effects of air temperature on blood markers of coagulation and inflammation in potentially susceptible individuals SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION SURVIVORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; OUTDOOR TEMPERATURE; PLASMA-FIBRINOGEN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HEART-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; COLD; POPULATION AB Objectives Changes in air temperature are associated with an increase in cardiovascular events, but the role of procoagulant and proinflammatory blood markers is still poorly understood. The authors investigated the association between air temperature and fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C reactive protein in two potentially susceptible groups. Methods This prospective panel study was conducted between March 2007 and December 2008 in Augsburg, Germany. The study population comprised 187 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance and 87 participants with genetic polymorphisms on the detoxification and inflammation pathways. Overall, 1766 repeated blood measurements were collected. Hourly meteorology data were available from a central measurement site. The association between temperature and blood markers was analysed with additive mixed models. Results For type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance participants, the authors observed immediate, lagged and cumulative increases in fibrinogen (range of percentage changes in geometric mean: 0.6%-0.8%) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (6.0%-10.1%) in association with a 5 degrees C temperature decrement. Participants with a body mass index above 30 kg/m(2) as well as females showed particularly strong fibrinogen effects. In participants with the special genetic background, 5 degrees C decreases in the 5-day average of temperature led to a change of 8.0% (95% CI 0.5% to 16.2%) in interleukin-6 and of -8.4% (95% CI - 15.8% to -0.3%) in high-sensitivity C reactive protein, the latter driven by physically active individuals. Conclusions The authors observed different temperature effects on blood markers in two potentially susceptible groups probably indicating varying underlying biological mechanisms. This study results might provide a link between temperature and cardiovascular events. C1 [Schaeuble, Claudia Luise; Hampel, Regina; Breitner, Susanne; Rueckerl, Regina; Cyrys, Josef; Geruschkat, Uta; Belcredi, Petra; Kraus, Ute; Peters, Annette; Schneider, Alexandra E.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Epidemiol 2, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Breitner, Susanne; Kraus, Ute] Univ Munich, Inst Biometr & Epidemiol, Munich, Germany. [Phipps, Richard] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Lung Biol & Dis Program, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David; Devlin, Robert B.; Carter, Jacqueline D.; Soukup, Joleen; Silbajoris, Robert; Dailey, Lisa] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Durham, NC USA. [Koenig, Wolfgang] Univ Ulm, Dept Cardiol, Ulm, Germany. [Cyrys, Josef] Univ Augsburg, ESC Environm Sci Ctr, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany. RP Hampel, R (reprint author), German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Epidemiol 2, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Ingolstaedter Landstr 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. EM regina.hampel@helmholtz-muenchen.de RI Breitner, Susanne/B-5348-2014; Schneider, Alexandra/B-5347-2014; Cyrys, Josef/B-5359-2014; Peters, Annette/A-6117-2011 OI Cyrys, Josef/0000-0002-2105-8696; Breitner, Susanne/0000-0002-0956-6911; FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through STAR (Science to Achieve Results) [RD 832415]; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen; German Research Centre for Environmental Health; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; State of Bavaria FX This research has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency through STAR (Science to Achieve Results) grant RD 832415 to the University of Rochester. It has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. This study was supported in part by a grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) to the German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.). The KORA research platform (KORA, Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) and the MONICA Augsburg studies were initiated and financed by the Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health (formerly GSF, National Research Centre for Environment and Health), which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and by the State of Bavaria. NR 44 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 69 IS 9 BP 670 EP 678 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100469 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 997UJ UT WOS:000308191900010 PM 22833664 ER PT J AU Cormier, SM Coffey, DB Griffith, M AF Cormier, Susan M. Coffey, D. Brooke Griffith, Michael TI Letter to the Editor in Chief Concerning the Article "Status of Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities in a Watershed Experiencing High Rates of Fossil Fuel Extraction: Tenmile Creek, a Major Monongahela River Tributary" by Kimmel and Argent, 2012 SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Letter C1 [Cormier, Susan M.; Griffith, Michael] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45227 USA. [Coffey, D. Brooke] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ Fellow, Cincinnati, OH 45227 USA. RP Cormier, SM (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45227 USA. EM Cormier.Susan@epa.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 223 IS 7 BP 4659 EP 4662 DI 10.1007/s11270-012-1196-3 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 985OO UT WOS:000307276400088 ER PT J AU Yanagida, J Hammiller, B Al-Matouq, J Behrens, M Trempus, CS Repertinger, SK Hansen, LA AF Yanagida, Jodi Hammiller, Brianna Al-Matouq, Jenan Behrens, Michaela Trempus, Carol S. Repertinger, Susan K. Hansen, Laura A. TI Accelerated elimination of ultraviolet-induced DNA damage through apoptosis in CDC25A-deficient skin SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID MOUSE SKIN; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; GENE MUTATION; IN-VIVO; CELLS; CDC25A; TUMORIGENESIS; CANCER; PHOTOCARCINOGENESIS; CARCINOGENESIS AB Cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A) is a dual-specificity phosphatase that removes inhibitory phosphates from cyclin-dependent kinases, allowing cell-cycle progression. Activation of cell-cycle checkpoints following DNA damage results in the degradation of CDC25A, leading to cell-cycle arrest. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, which causes most skin cancer, results in both DNA damage and CDC25A degradation. We hypothesized that ablation of CDC25A in the skin would increase cell-cycle arrest following UV irradiation, allowing for improved repair of DNA damage and decreased tumorigenesis. Cdc25a fl/ fl/ Krt14-Cre recombinase mice, with decreased CDC25A in the epithelium of the skin, were generated and exposed to UV. UV-induced DNA damage, in the form of cyclopyrimidine dimers and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine adducts, was eliminated earlier from CDC25A-deficient epidermis. Surprisingly, loss of CDC25A did not alter epidermal proliferation or cell cycle after UV exposure. However, the UV-induced apoptotic response was prolonged in CDC25A-deficient skin. Double labeling of cleaved caspase-3 and the DNA damage marker.H2A. X revealed many of the apoptotic cells in UV-exposed Cdc25a mutant skin had high levels of DNA damage. Induction of skin tumors by UV irradiation of Cdc25a mutant and control mice on a skin tumor susceptible to v-rasHa Tg. AC mouse background revealed UV-induced papillomas in Cdc25a mutants were significantly smaller than in controls in the first 6 weeks following UV exposure, although there was no difference in tumor multiplicity or incidence. Thus, deletion of Cdc25a increased apoptosis and accelerated the elimination of DNA damage following UV but did not substantially alter cell-cycle regulation or tumorigenesis. C1 [Yanagida, Jodi; Hammiller, Brianna; Al-Matouq, Jenan; Behrens, Michaela; Hansen, Laura A.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biomed Sci, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Trempus, Carol S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Repertinger, Susan K.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. RP Hansen, LA (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biomed Sci, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. EM LHansen@creighton.edu FU National Institutes of Health [1RO1ES015585]; State of Nebraska Cancer and Smoking-Related Diseases Research Program; Facilities Improvement Program from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [1CO6RR17417-01, G20RR024001] FX National Institutes of Health (1RO1ES015585) and the State of Nebraska Cancer and Smoking-Related Diseases Research Program. This investigation was conducted in a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Program (1CO6RR17417-01, G20RR024001) from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health. This work was conducted in part in the Intramural Research Division of the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources or the National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD SEP PY 2012 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1754 EP 1761 DI 10.1093/carcin/bgs168 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 995KT UT WOS:000308007600016 PM 22764135 ER PT J AU Tsuji, R Crofton, KM AF Tsuji, Ryozo Crofton, Kevin M. TI Developmental neurotoxicity guideline study: Issues with methodology, evaluation and regulation* SO CONGENITAL ANOMALIES LA English DT Review DE developmental neurotoxicity; Environmental Protection Agency; guideline study; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; regulation ID RETROSPECTIVE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; NEURODEVELOPMENTAL END-POINTS; EXPERT WORKING GROUP; BEHAVIORAL TERATOLOGY; POSITIVE CONTROL; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; BRAIN; CHEMICALS; VULNERABILITY AB Recently social concerns have been increasing about the effects of environmental factors on children's health, especially on their nervous systems. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) have published testing guidelines for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). Approximately 110 guideline studies have been conducted to date. Importantly, information from these studies has provided data critical for regulatory decisions for a number of chemicals. However, the DNT guidelines do not always satisfy all stakeholders because of some uncertainties in their methodology, evaluation, and regulation. Methodological issues include incomplete harmonization between EPA and OECD guidelines, criticisms of the methodology for learning and memory testing, and unspecified positive control substances. Potential artifacts in morphometric neuropathological measures, criteria for observation measures, uncertainty of postnatal offspring exposure, especially in feeding studies, and extrapolation of data from rats to humans are major evaluation issues. In addition, there is some uncertainty in the use of an additional safety factor for susceptibility of infants and children. Moreover, the DNT guidelines have extensive time and cost requirements, use large numbers of animals, and there is a limited set of laboratories that can conduct the study. This paper reviews some of these issues and summarizes discussions from the symposium Developmental neurotoxicity testing: Scientific approaches towards the next generation to protecting the developing nervous system of children held at the 2011 annual meeting of the Japanese Teratology Society. C1 [Tsuji, Ryozo] Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd, Environm Hlth Sci Lab, Konohana Ku, Osaka 5548559, Japan. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Tsuji, R (reprint author), Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd, Environm Hlth Sci Lab, Konohana Ku, 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Osaka 5548559, Japan. EM tsujir@sc.sumitomo-chem.co.jp RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0914-3505 J9 CONGENIT ANOM JI Congenit. Anom. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3 SI SI BP 122 EP 128 DI 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2012.00374.x PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 994QT UT WOS:000307947000002 PM 22925212 ER PT J AU Crofton, KM Mundy, WR Shafer, TJ AF Crofton, Kevin M. Mundy, William R. Shafer, Timothy J. TI Developmental neurotoxicity testing: A path forward SO CONGENITAL ANOMALIES LA English DT Review DE chemical screening; developmental neurotoxicity; integrated evaluation strategy ID HEALTH-RISK ASSESSMENT; IN-VITRO; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; ALTERNATIVE METHODS; READ-ACROSS; PC12 CELLS; TOXICITY; ZEBRAFISH; MODEL; EXPOSURE AB Great progress has been made over the past 40?years in understanding the hazards of exposure to a small number of developmental neurotoxicants. Lead, polychlorinated biphenyls, and methylmercury are all good examples of science-based approaches to characterizing the hazard to the developing nervous systems from environmental contaminants. However, very little effort has been spent to address the challenge of assessing the potential developmental neurotoxic hazard of the thousands of other chemicals in common commercial use. The extensive time, financial and animal resource requirements for current regulatory testing guideline methods make this an untenable solution to this challenge. A new testing paradigm is needed that uses time and cost-efficient methods to screen large numbers of chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT). In silico models are needed to provide rapid chemical structure-based screening. In vitro techniques are being developed to provide rapid and efficient testing in cell-free and cell-based systems. In addition, the use of alternative species, such as zebrafish, will provide efficient models for testing the effects of chemicals in organisms with intact developing nervous systems. Finally, these methods and models need to be used in an integrated fashion to provide the data needs for hazard assessment in a manner that is problem-driven and cost-efficient. This paper summarizes discussions on these issues from the symposium Developmental neurotoxicity testing: Scientific approaches towards the next generation to protecting the developing nervous system of children held at the 2011 annual meeting of the Japanese Teratology Society. C1 [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Crofton, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM crofton.kevin@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987 NR 66 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0914-3505 J9 CONGENIT ANOM JI Congenit. Anom. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 52 IS 3 SI SI BP 140 EP 146 DI 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2012.00377.x PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 994QT UT WOS:000307947000004 PM 22925214 ER PT J AU Crowley, KF McNeil, BE Lovett, GM Canham, CD Driscoll, CT Rustad, LE Denny, E Hallett, RA Arthur, MA Boggs, JL Goodale, CL Kahl, JS McNulty, SG Ollinger, SV Pardo, LH Schaberg, PG Stoddard, JL Weand, MP Weathers, KC AF Crowley, K. F. McNeil, B. E. Lovett, G. M. Canham, C. D. Driscoll, C. T. Rustad, L. E. Denny, E. Hallett, R. A. Arthur, M. A. Boggs, J. L. Goodale, C. L. Kahl, J. S. McNulty, S. G. Ollinger, S. V. Pardo, L. H. Schaberg, P. G. Stoddard, J. L. Weand, M. P. Weathers, K. C. TI Do Nutrient Limitation Patterns Shift from Nitrogen Toward Phosphorus with Increasing Nitrogen Deposition Across the Northeastern United States? SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE nutrient limitation; nitrogen deposition; phosphorus; northeastern US; forest; lake; Adirondacks ID CHRONIC N FERTILIZATION; MONTANE RED SPRUCE; SUGAR MAPLE GROWTH; NEW-YORK; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; FOLIAR CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; CATSKILL MOUNTAINS; REGIONAL PATTERNS AB Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is altering biogeochemical cycling in forests and interconnected lakes of the northeastern US, and may shift nutrient limitation from N toward other essential elements, such as phosphorus (P). Whether this shift is occurring relative to N deposition gradients across the northeastern US has not been investigated. We used datasets for the northeastern US and the Adirondack sub-region to evaluate whether P limitation is increasing where N deposition is high at two geographic scales, based on N:P mass ratios. Using a model-selection approach, we determined that foliar N for dominant tree species and lake dissolved inorganic N (DIN) increased coincident with increasing N deposition, independent of relationships between foliar N or lake DIN and precipitation or temperature. Foliar P also increased with N deposition across the northeastern US for seven of eight deciduous species, but changed less across the Adirondacks. Foliar N:P therefore declined at the highest levels of N deposition for most deciduous species across the region (remaining nearly constant for most conifers and increasing only for black cherry and hemlock), but increased across all species in the Adirondacks. Ratios between DIN and total P (DIN:TP) in lakes were unrelated to N deposition regionally but increased across the Adirondacks. Thus, nutrient limitation patterns shifted from N toward P for dominant trees, and further toward P for predominantly P-limited lakes, at the sub-regional but not regional scale. For the northeastern US overall, accumulated N deposition may be insufficient to drive nutrient limitation from N toward P; alternatively, elements other than P (for example, calcium, magnesium) may become limiting as N accumulates. The consistent Adirondack foliar and lake response could provide early indication of shifts toward P limitation within the northeastern US, and together with regional patterns, suggests that foliar chemistry could be a predictor of lake chemistry in the context of N deposition across the region. C1 [Crowley, K. F.; Lovett, G. M.; Canham, C. D.; Weathers, K. C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [McNeil, B. E.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Driscoll, C. T.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Rustad, L. E.; Hallett, R. A.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Denny, E.] Univ Arizona, USA Natl Phenol Network, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Arthur, M. A.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Boggs, J. L.; McNulty, S. G.] US Forest Serv, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Goodale, C. L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kahl, J. S.] James W Sewall Co, Old Town, ME 04468 USA. [Ollinger, S. V.] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Pardo, L. H.; Schaberg, P. G.] Univ Vermont, No Res Stn, USDA, US Forest Serv, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Stoddard, J. L.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Weand, M. P.] So Polytech State Univ, Dept Biol, Marietta, GA 30060 USA. RP Crowley, KF (reprint author), Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Box AB,2801 Sharon Turnpike, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. EM crowleyk@caryinstitute.org RI Lovett, Gary/H-3800-2013; Driscoll, Charles/F-9832-2014; Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014; OI Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; Stoddard, John/0000-0002-2537-6130; Lovett, Gary/0000-0002-8411-8027; Driscoll, Charles/0000-0003-2692-2890 FU US National Science Foundation Research Coordination Networks program [DEB-0342198]; W.M. Keck Foundation; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; US Environmental Protection Agency; US Department of Agriculture Northeastern States Research Cooperative FX We would particularly like to acknowledge everyone who has generously contributed data to the NERC regional foliar and lake chemistry database, on which this study depended. As well as many of the co-authors, additional data contributors include Scott Bailey, Jana Compton, Tim Fahey, Steve Horsley, Bob Long, Mary Martin, Knute Nadelhoffer, Jen Pontius, Don Ross, Tom Siccama, Marie-Louise Smith, and many other NERC contributors. We would like to thank reviewers for thoughtful comments that have improved the manuscript, in particular encouraging us to include a landscape perspective linking aquatic and terrestrial systems. We would also like to thank funding sources, the US National Science Foundation Research Coordination Networks program (DEB-0342198), the W.M. Keck Foundation, the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the US Department of Agriculture Northeastern States Research Cooperative. NR 89 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 157 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD SEP PY 2012 VL 15 IS 6 BP 940 EP 957 DI 10.1007/s10021-012-9550-2 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 992GN UT WOS:000307763700007 ER PT J AU Seymour, MB Su, CM Gao, Y Lu, YF Li, YS AF Seymour, Megan B. Su, Chunming Gao, Yang Lu, Yongfeng Li, Yusong TI Characterization of carbon nano-onions for heavy metal ion remediation SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Carbon nano-onions; Characterization; Sorption; Heavy metal ion; Mobility ID DOUBLE-LAYER INTERACTIONS; SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; NANOPARTICLES; DEPOSITION; KINETICS; ADSORPTION; WATER; C-60; NANOMATERIALS AB Carbonaceous nanomaterials, such as fullerene C-60, carbon nanotubes, and their functionalized derivatives have been demonstrated to possess high sorption capacity for organic and heavy metal contaminants, indicating a potential for remediation application. The actual application of these nanomaterials, however, is often hindered by the high cost of materials and the limited understanding of their mobility in porous media. In this work, carbon nano-onions (CNOs), a relatively new addition to the carbonaceous nanomaterials, were synthesized in a cost-effective way using a laser-assisted combustion synthesis process, and carefully characterized for their potential remediation application. Surface oxidized CNOs possessed 10 times higher sorption capacity than C-60 for heavy metal ion contaminants including Pb2+,Cu2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+. CNOs aqueous suspension can be very stable in NaCl solution at ionic strength up to 30 mM and CaCl2 solution at ionic strength up to 4 mM CaCl2 when pH ranged from 5 to 9, which are consistent with environmentally relevant conditions. Interactions of CNOs with iron oxide and silica surfaces under favorable condition were found to be electrostatic in origin. Mobility of CNOs in quartz sands was controlled by electrolyte type and concentration. Approximately 4.4, 25.1, and 92.5 % of injected CNO mass were retained in the sand column in ultrapure water, 1 mM NaCl, and 1 mM CaCl2 solutions, respectively. C1 [Seymour, Megan B.; Li, Yusong] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Su, Chunming] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Gao, Yang; Lu, Yongfeng] Univ Nebraska, Dept Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Li, YS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM yli7@unl.edu RI Gao, Yang/M-9866-2013; Li, Yusong/D-8797-2013 FU US EPA through the National Research Council summer faculty fellowship; EPA student summer internship; National Science Foundation Award [CBET-1133528] FX We thank Drs. Gexin Chen and Xuyang Liu at the Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Center for tremendous helps on experimental setup and insightful suggestions and discussions, and Mr. Adam Bailes for helping with column experiments. This research was funded by the US EPA through the National Research Council summer faculty fellowship and EPA student summer internship, and the National Science Foundation Award No. CBET-1133528. The work has not been subject to EPA review, and therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 52 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 14 IS 9 AR 1087 DI 10.1007/s11051-012-1087-y PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 998GP UT WOS:000308225800020 ER PT J AU Arnardottir, ES Nikonova, EV Shockley, KR Anafi, RC Podtelezhnikov, AA Tanis, K Stone, DJ Maislin, G Gislason, T Renger, J Winrow, C Pack, AI AF Arnardottir, E. S. Nikonova, E. V. Shockley, K. R. Anafi, R. C. Podtelezhnikov, A. A. Tanis, K. Stone, D. J. Maislin, G. Gislason, T. Renger, J. Winrow, C. Pack, A. I. TI Response to sleep deprivation and recovery sleep: human blood biomarkers SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 21st Congress of the European-Sleep-Research-Society CY SEP 04-08, 2012 CL Paris, FRANCE SP European Sleep Res Soc C1 [Arnardottir, E. S.; Gislason, T.] Landspitali Univ Hosp, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Nikonova, E. V.; Renger, J.; Winrow, C.] Merck Res Labs, West Point, NY USA. [Shockley, K. R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Anafi, R. C.; Podtelezhnikov, A. A.; Tanis, K.; Stone, D. J.; Maislin, G.; Pack, A. I.] Ctr Sleep & Circadian Neurobiol, Philadelphia, PA USA. RI Winrow, Christopher/K-1864-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 21 SU 1 SI SI BP 38 EP 38 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 994VV UT WOS:000307963200087 ER PT J AU Donovan, AJ Lansu, K Williams, JG Denning, MF Gentile, S AF Donovan, Alexander J. Lansu, Katherine Williams, Jason G. Denning, Mitchell F. Gentile, Saverio TI Long QT2 Mutation on the Kv11.1 Ion Channel Inhibits Current Activity by Ablating a Protein Kinase C alpha Consensus Site SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID Q-T SYNDROME; TORSADES-DE-POINTES; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; HEART-FAILURE; DIRECT PHOSPHORYLATION; SUDDEN-DEATH; PKC-ALPHA; ACTIVATION; MODULATION; RECEPTOR AB Mutations that inhibit Kv11.1 ion channel activity contribute to abnormalities of cardiac repolarization that can lead to long QT2 (LQT2) cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. However, for most of these mutations, nothing is known about the molecular mechanism linking Kv11.1 malfunction to cardiac death. We have previously demonstrated that disease-related mutations that create consensus sites for kinases on ion channels can dramatically change ion channel activity. Here, we show that a LQT2-associated mutation can inhibit Kv11.1 ion channel activity by perturbing a consensus site for the Ser/Thr protein kinase C alpha (PKC alpha). We first reveal by mass spectrometry analysis that Ser890 of the Kv11.1 ion channel is phosphorylated. Then, we demonstrate by a phospho-detection immunoassay combined with genetic manipulation that PKC alpha phosphorylates Ser890. Furthermore, we show that Ser890 phosphorylation is associated with an increase in Kv11.1 membrane density with alteration of recovery from inactivation. In addition, a newly discovered and as yet uncharacterized LQT2-associated nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism 2660 G -> A within the human ether-a-go-go-related gene 1 coding sequence, which replaces arginine 887 with a histidine residue (R887H), strongly inhibits PKC alpha-dependent phosphorylation of residue Ser890 on Kv11.1, and ultimately inhibits surface expression and current density. Taken together, our data provide a functional link between this channel mutation and LQT2. C1 [Donovan, Alexander J.; Lansu, Katherine; Gentile, Saverio] Loyola Univ, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Therapeut, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Denning, Mitchell F.] Loyola Univ, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Williams, Jason G.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Durham, NC USA. RP Gentile, S (reprint author), 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. EM sagentile@lumc.edu NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 82 IS 3 BP 428 EP 437 DI 10.1124/mol.112.077966 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 996FL UT WOS:000308070100007 PM 22653970 ER PT J AU Whipps, CM Fournie, JW Morrison, DA Azevedo, C Matos, E Thebo, P Kent, ML AF Whipps, Christopher M. Fournie, John W. Morrison, David A. Azevedo, Carlos Matos, Edilson Thebo, Per Kent, Michael L. TI Phylogeny of fish-infecting Calyptospora species (Apicomplexa: Eimeriorina) SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SUBUNIT RIBOSOMAL-RNA; N-SP; EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS; FUNDULI APICOMPLEXA; SARCOCYSTIS; SEQUENCES; COCCIDIA; BIOLOGY; PERSPECTIVE; PARASITES AB There are numerous species of apicomplexans that infect poikilothermic vertebrates, such as fishes, and possess unique morphological features that provide insight into the evolution of this important phylum of parasites. Here, the relationship of the fish-infecting Calyptospora species to other coccidians was investigated based on DNA sequence analysis. Genetic data from the small subunit ribosomal DNA region of the genome were obtained for three of the five nominal species in the genus Calyptospora. Phylogenetic analyses supported a monophyletic lineage sister to a group composed of mostly Eimeria species. The monophyly of Calyptospora species supports the validity of the family Calyptosporidae, but the sister relationship to Eimeria species might also suggest the Eimeriidae be expanded to encompass Calyptospora. The validity of the family Calyptosporidae has been questioned because it is delineated from the Eimeriidae largely based on life cycle characteristics and sporocyst morphology. In general, Eimeria species have a homoxenous life cycle, whereas the type species of Calyptospora is heteroxenous. In the absence of experimental transmission studies, it may be difficult to demonstrate whether all Calyptospora species are heteroxenous. Other distinct morphological characteristics of Calyptospora such as an incomplete sporocyst suture, an apical opening for sporozoite release, a thin veil surrounding sporocysts supported by sporopodia, and a lack of Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies suggest there may be adequate features to delineate these taxa. Even without life cycle data for all species, the morphology and genetic data provide a means to reliably classify Calyptospora species. Placement in either the Calyptosporidae or Eimeriidae is discussed, along with issues relating to the phylogeny of the genus Goussia. C1 [Whipps, Christopher M.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Environm & Forest Bi, SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Fournie, John W.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Morrison, David A.; Thebo, Per] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biomed Sci & Vet Publ Hlth, Sect Parasitol SWEPAR, S-75189 Uppsala, Sweden. [Azevedo, Carlos] Univ Porto, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Cell Biol, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Azevedo, Carlos] King Saud Univ, Dept Zool, Coll Sci, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Matos, Edilson] Univ Fed Rural Amazonia, Lab Pesquisa Carlos Azevedo, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Kent, Michael L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ctr Fish Dis Res, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Whipps, CM (reprint author), SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry Environm & Forest Bi, SUNY ESF, 246 Illick Hall,1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM cwhipps@esf.edu RI Scientific output, CIIMAR/E-5122-2012; OI Scientific output, CIIMAR/0000-0001-6270-2153; Whipps, Christopher/0000-0001-6139-0426; Casal, Graca/0000-0002-9680-661X; Azevedo, Carlos/0000-0003-0424-1488 NR 51 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 111 IS 3 BP 1331 EP 1342 DI 10.1007/s00436-012-2969-8 PG 12 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 996RS UT WOS:000308112300044 PM 22645034 ER PT J AU Thomas, G Burton, NC Mueller, C Page, E Vesper, S AF Thomas, Gregory Burton, Nancy Clark Mueller, Charles Page, Elena Vesper, Stephen TI Comparison of work-related symptoms and visual contrast sensitivity between employees at a severely water-damaged school and a school without significant water damage SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mold; school; visual contrast sensitivity; respiratory; asthma; health hazard evaluation ID DAYTIME COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; QUANTITATIVE PCR ANALYSIS; SICK BUILDING SYNDROME; MOLDINESS INDEX; MICROELECTRONICS WORKERS; TIME-SERIES; ASTHMA; EXPOSURE; ALCOHOL; MECHANISMS AB Background The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a health hazard evaluation (HHE) of a water-damaged school in New Orleans (NO), Louisiana. Our aim in this evaluation was to document employee health effects related to exposure to the water-damaged school, and to determine if VCS testing could serve as a biomarker of effect for occupants who experienced adverse health effects in a water-damaged building. Methods NIOSH physicians and staff administered a work history and medical questionnaire, conducted visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) testing, and collected sticky-tape, air, and dust samples at the school. Counting, culturing, and/or a DNA-based technology, called mold-specific quantitative PCR (MSQPCR), were also used to quantify the molds. A similar health and environmental evaluation was performed at a comparable school in Cincinnati, Ohio which was not water-damaged. Results Extensive mold contamination was documented in the water-damaged school and employees (n?=?95) had higher prevalences of work-related rashes and nasal, lower respiratory, and constitutional symptoms than those at the comparison school (n?=?110). VCS values across all spatial frequencies were lower among employees at the water-damaged school. Conclusions Employees exposed to an extensively water-damaged environment reported adverse health effects, including rashes and nasal, lower respiratory, and constitutional symptoms. VCS values were lower in the employees at the water-damaged school, but we do not recommend using it in evaluation of people exposed to mold. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:844854, 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Thomas, Gregory; Burton, Nancy Clark; Mueller, Charles; Page, Elena] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Page, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM epage@cdc.gov FU EPA, through its Office of Research and Development FX The MSQPCR technology was patented (#6,387,652) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and commercial applications can result in royalties paid to the EPA. The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 55 IS 9 BP 844 EP 854 DI 10.1002/ajim.22059 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 986YX UT WOS:000307384700011 PM 22566108 ER PT J AU Gomez-Alvarez, V Revetta, RP Domingo, JWS AF Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente Revetta, Randy P. Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Metagenomic Analyses of Drinking Water Receiving Different Disinfection Treatments SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; BETA-LACTAMASES; BIOFILMS; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA; RNA; DNA AB A metagenome-based approach was used to assess the taxonomic affiliation and function potential of microbial populations in free-chlorine-treated (CHL) and monochloramine-treated (CHM) drinking water (DW). In all, 362,640 (averaging 544 bp) and 155,593 (averaging 554 bp) pyrosequencing reads were analyzed for the CHL and CHM samples, respectively. Most annotated proteins were found to be of bacterial origin, although eukaryotic, archaeal, and viral proteins were also identified. Differences in community structure and function were noted. Most notably, Legionella-like genes were more abundant in the CHL samples while mycobacterial genes were more abundant in CHM samples. Genes associated with multiple disinfectant mechanisms were identified in both communities. Moreover, sequences linked to virulence factors, such as antibiotic resistance mechanisms, were observed in both microbial communities. This study provides new insights into the genetic network and potential biological processes associated with the molecular microbial ecology of DW microbial communities. C1 [Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente; Revetta, Randy P.; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov NR 55 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 12 U2 82 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 78 IS 17 BP 6095 EP 6102 DI 10.1128/AEM.01018-12 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 990DS UT WOS:000307611800014 PM 22729545 ER PT J AU White, CP DeBry, RW Lytle, DA AF White, Colin P. DeBry, Ronald W. Lytle, Darren A. TI Microbial Survey of a Full-Scale, Biologically Active Filter for Treatment of Drinking Water SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMMONIA-OXIDIZING ARCHAEA; MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; TREATMENT-PLANT; NITRIFYING BACTERIA; BIOFILM REACTOR; SP-NOV; NITRIFICATION; BIOREACTOR; REMOVAL AB The microbial community of a full-scale, biologically active drinking water filter was surveyed using molecular techniques. Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Sphingomonadales, and Rhizobiales dominated the clone libraries. The results elucidate the microbial ecology of biological filters and demonstrate that biological treatment of drinking water should be considered a viable alternative to physicochemical methods. C1 [White, Colin P.; DeBry, Ronald W.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [White, Colin P.; Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD,TTEB, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP White, CP (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM white.colin@epa.gov RI DeBry, Ronald/K-3444-2015 NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 44 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 78 IS 17 BP 6390 EP 6394 DI 10.1128/AEM.00308-12 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 990DS UT WOS:000307611800053 PM 22752177 ER PT J AU Ankley, GT AF Ankley, G. T. TI Adaptation to chemical perturbation in the HPG axis: Implications for assessment and monitoring SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Congress of the New European-Society-for-Comparative-Physiology-and-Biochemistry (ESCPB) on Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms for Physiological Adaptation to Multiple Stress CY SEP 02-05, 2012 CL Bilbao, SPAIN SP European Soc Comparat Physiol & Biochem (ESCPB), Merck Millipore, SARSTEDT, Agilent Technol, Proquinorte, S A, Labolan, S L, Univ Pais Vasco, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Euskampus, Eusko Jaurlaritza Gobierno Vasco, Hezkuntza Unibertsitate & Ikerketa Saila, Univ & Investigac, Dept Educ, SUL, Bizkaiko Foru Aldundia Diputac Foral Bizkaia (BFA DFB), Ingurumen Saila, Dept Medio Ambiente C1 [Ankley, G. T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 163 IS 1 SU S BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.05.008 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA 996VE UT WOS:000308122100004 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Lautenschlager, M Kahler, A Pai, S Parks, BA Kalb, SR Maslanka, SE Shah, S Magnuson, M Hill, VR AF Raphael, Brian H. Lautenschlager, Matthew Kahler, Amy Pai, Suresh Parks, Bryan A. Kalb, Suzanne R. Maslanka, Susan E. Shah, Sanjiv Magnuson, Matthew Hill, Vincent R. TI Ultrafiltration improves ELISA and Endopep MS analysis of botulinum neurotoxin type A in drinking water SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Botulism; Detection; ELISA; Mass spectrometry; Toxin; Water quality ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; DIAGNOSTICS; SAMPLES; TOXINS AB The objective of this study was to adapt and evaluate two in vitro botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) detection methods, including the Botulinum Toxin ELISA and the Endopep MS (a mass spectrometric-based endopeptidase method), for use with drinking water samples. The method detection limits (MDL) of the ELISA and Endopep MS were 260 pg/mL and 21 pg/mL of BoNT/A complex toxin, respectively. Since toxin could be present in water samples at highly dilute concentrations, large volume (100-L) samples of municipal tap water from five US municipalities having distinct water compositions were dechlorinated, spiked with 5 mu g BoNT/A, and subjected to tangential-flow ultrafiltration (UF) using hollow fiber dialyzers. The recovery efficiency of BoNT/A using UF and quantified by ELISA ranged from 11% to 36% while efficiencies quantified by MS ranged from 26% to 55%. BoNT/A was shown to be stable in dechlorinated municipal tap water stored at 4 degrees C for up to four weeks. In addition, toxin present in UF-concentrated water samples was also shown to be stable at 4 degrees C for up to four weeks, allowing holding of samples prior to analysis. Finally, UF was used to concentrate a level of toxin (7 pg/mL) which is below the MDL for direct analysis by both ELISA and Endopep MS. Following UF, toxin was detectable in these samples using both in vitro analysis methods. These data demonstrate that UF-concentration of toxin from large volume water samples followed by use of existing analytical methods for detection of BoNT/A can be used in support of a monitoring program for contaminants in drinking water. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Raphael, Brian H.; Lautenschlager, Matthew; Kahler, Amy; Pai, Suresh; Parks, Bryan A.; Kalb, Suzanne R.; Maslanka, Susan E.; Hill, Vincent R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shah, Sanjiv; Magnuson, Matthew] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Raphael, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-29, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BRaphael@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012; OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737; Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X; Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 FU EPA's Office of Emergency Management; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; CDC Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response; EPA's Office of Research and Development/National Homeland Security Research Center [DW-75-922304801] FX This work was supported by the EPA's Office of Emergency Management and Office of Research and Development/National Homeland Security Research Center under Interagency Agreement DW-75-922304801. Matt Lautenschlager was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship and additional support for this project was provided by the CDC Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response. We thank Erin Silvestri (EPA/NHSRC) who served as Project Officer for this work and the various water utilities that provided water samples and water testing data. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by CDC or EPA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD SEP PY 2012 VL 90 IS 3 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.05.020 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 990ED UT WOS:000307612900021 PM 22677607 ER PT J AU Dong, XB Brown, MT Pfahler, D Ingwersen, WW Kang, MY Jin, Y Yu, BH Zhang, XS Ulgiati, S AF Dong, Xiaobin Brown, Mark T. Pfahler, David Ingwersen, Wesley W. Kang, Muyi Jin, Yan Yu, Baohua Zhang, Xinshi Ulgiati, Sergio TI Carbon modeling and emergy evaluation of grassland management schemes in Inner Mongolia SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Natural capital; Carbon flux model; Emergy evaluation; Grasslands of Inner Mongolia; Carbon cycle; Ecosystem services ID XILIN RIVER-BASIN; CHINA; ARGENTINA; CYCLE AB There is relatively little research on how management affects carbon storage and the carbon cycle in grasslands of China, and how this in turn affects regional development and natural capital conservation. Inner Mongolia has 25% of the total grassland area of China and about 60 million livestock. Productivity of the traditional grazing schemes in this area is very low; in addition frequent natural disasters greatly affect livestock production. The grasslands of northern China form a very important eco-economic community belt, thus we ask, "What is the future of this region and what will be its role in the carbon cycle under development pressure and the new conditions caused by climate change?" Using the emergy synthesis method, carbon models are constructed of the natural grasslands under different animal grazing pressures and increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and the ecological-economic benefits of several different grassland utilization schemes are compared using emergy evaluation. The result shows that in grazing scheme total C emission will be 4087 kg/ha in one hundred years which supports the conclusion that over the long run grasslands can be a carbon source due to overgrazing. We estimate that the natural capital of these grasslands is around 13,303 em$/ha and that is provides 106 em$/ha/yr in ecosystem services. If 90% of the natural grassland can be reserved by using small-scale intensive grazing systems, we estimated these natural grasslands can provide 7.6 billion ern$/yr of ecosystem services and preserve 955 billion em$ in natural capital, which is helpful information for proper policy making and in establishing a scientific strategy for sustainable development of the grasslands in north China, not only from the perspective of the indigenous nomadic culture, but also from an economic-ecological perspective. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dong, Xiaobin; Kang, Muyi; Yu, Baohua; Zhang, Xinshi] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Dong, Xiaobin; Kang, Muyi; Yu, Baohua; Zhang, Xinshi] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Resources Sci & Technol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Brown, Mark T.; Pfahler, David] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Ctr Environm Policy, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ingwersen, Wesley W.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Jin, Yan] Sch Beijing Landscape & Garden, Beijing 102488, Peoples R China. [Ulgiati, Sergio] Parthenope Univ Napoli, Dept Environm Sci, I-80133 Naples, Italy. RP Dong, XB (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM xbdong@bnu.edu.cn OI Ingwersen, Wesley/0000-0002-9614-701X FU Key National Nature Science Foundation [90711001, 41030535]; China S&T Supporting Programme [2012BAD14B03] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research provided by Key National Nature Science Foundation (90711001, 41030535), China S&T Supporting Programme (2012BAD14B03). This work was made possible by a visiting scholar appointment for the first author at the Center for Environmental Policy, University of Florida. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD SEP 1 PY 2012 VL 158 BP 49 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2012.04.027 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 987OA UT WOS:000307425700005 ER PT J AU Meng, QY Svendsgaard, D Kotchmar, DJ Pinto, JP AF Meng, Q. Y. Svendsgaard, D. Kotchmar, D. J. Pinto, J. P. TI Associations between personal exposures and ambient concentrations of nitrogen dioxide: A quantitative research synthesis SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE NO2; Personal exposure; Personal-ambient association; Exposure factors; Meta analysis ID AIR-POLLUTION EXPOSURES; PARTICULATE MATTER; MEASUREMENT ERROR; LOS-ANGELES; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; PUBLICATION BIAS; TIME-SERIES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POLLUTANTS; PANEL AB Although positive associations between ambient NO2 concentrations and personal exposures have generally been found by exposure studies, the strength of the associations varied among studies. Differences in results could be related to differences in study design and in exposure factors. However, the effects of study design, exposure factors, and sampling and measurement errors on the strength of the personal-ambient associations have not been evaluated quantitatively in a systematic manner. A quantitative research synthesis was conducted to examine these issues based on peer-reviewed publications in the past 30 years. Factors affecting the strength of the personal-ambient associations across the studies were also examined with meta-regression. Ambient NO2 was found to be significantly associated with personal NO2 exposures, with estimates of 0.42, 0.16, and 0.72 for overall pooled, longitudinal and daily average correlation coefficients based on random-effects meta-analysis. This conclusion was robust after correction for publication bias with correlation coefficients of 0.37, 0.16 and 0.45. We found that season and some population characteristics, such as pre-existing disease, were significant factors affecting the strength of the personal-ambient associations. More meaningful and rigorous comparisons would be possible if greater detail were published on the study design (e.g. local and indoor sources, housing characteristics, etc.) and data quality (e.g., detection limits and percent of data above detection limits). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Svendsgaard, D.; Kotchmar, D. J.; Pinto, J. P.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Meng, Q. Y.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Pinto, JP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Pinto.Joseph@epa.gov FU NCEA-ORISE agreement FX Partial funding provided by the NCEA-ORISE agreement. The information in this document has been subjected to review by the National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors furthermore declare they have no conflict of interest. The authors acknowledge Drs. Hazel Inskip and David Coggon for providing the original data of the Southampton study published by Linaker et al. (2000). NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 57 BP 322 EP 329 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.04.035 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 983SX UT WOS:000307140100034 ER PT J AU Cogliano, VJ AF Cogliano, V. J. TI Integration of New Technologies into Risk Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society (EMS) CY SEP 08-12, 2012 CL Bellevue, WA SP Environm Mutagen Soc (EMS) C1 [Cogliano, V. J.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 53 SU 1 BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 993YM UT WOS:000307896300023 ER PT J AU DeMarini, DM AF DeMarini, D. M. TI Health Consequences of the Interaction of Our Genome with Our Environment SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society (EMS) CY SEP 08-12, 2012 CL Bellevue, WA SP Environm Mutagen Soc (EMS) C1 [DeMarini, D. M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 53 SU 1 BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 993YM UT WOS:000307896300054 ER PT J AU Gruber, JF Patel, RD Rager, JE Sanders, AP Edwards, SW Gallagher, JE Fry, RC AF Gruber, J. F. Patel, R. D. Rager, J. E. Sanders, A. P. Edwards, S. W. Gallagher, J. E. Fry, R. C. TI Children Exposed to Metals Mixtures Demonstrate Dysregulation of Infectious Disease Response SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society (EMS) CY SEP 08-12, 2012 CL Bellevue, WA SP Environm Mutagen Soc (EMS) C1 [Gruber, J. F.; Patel, R. D.; Rager, J. E.; Sanders, A. P.; Fry, R. C.] UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Gruber, J. F.] UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Edwards, S. W.; Gallagher, J. E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 53 SU 1 BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 993YM UT WOS:000307896300115 ER PT J AU Kligerman, A Judson, R Houck, K AF Kligerman, A. Judson, R. Houck, K. TI Evaluating ToxCast (TM) High-Throughput Assays for Their Ability to Detect Direct-Acting Genotoxicants SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society (EMS) CY SEP 08-12, 2012 CL Bellevue, WA SP Environm Mutagen Soc (EMS) C1 [Kligerman, A.; Judson, R.; Houck, K.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 53 SU 1 BP S54 EP S54 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 993YM UT WOS:000307896300167 ER PT J AU Mutlu, E Warren, SH Matthews, PP King, CJ Preston, B Hays, MD Nash, DG Linak, WP Gilmour, MI DeMarini, DM AF Mutlu, E. Warren, S. H. Matthews, P. P. King, C. J. Preston, B. Hays, M. D. Nash, D. G. Linak, W. P. Gilmour, M., I DeMarini, D. M. TI Mutagenicity of Diesel and Soy Biodiesel Exhaust Particles SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society (EMS) CY SEP 08-12, 2012 CL Bellevue, WA SP Environm Mutagen Soc (EMS) C1 [Mutlu, E.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mutlu, E.; Warren, S. H.; Matthews, P. P.; King, C. J.; Hays, M. D.; Nash, D. G.; Linak, W. P.; Gilmour, M., I; DeMarini, D. M.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Preston, B.] ARCADIS G&M Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Nash, D. G.] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 53 SU 1 BP S60 EP S60 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 993YM UT WOS:000307896300193 ER PT J AU Prasad, RY McGee, JK Killius, MG Ackerman, D Blackman, CF DeMarini, DM Simmons, SO AF Prasad, R. Y. McGee, J. K. Killius, M. G. Ackerman, D. Blackman, C. F. DeMarini, D. M. Simmons, S. O. TI Cellular Stress Response to Engineered Nanoparticles: Effect of Size, Surface Coating, and Cellular Uptake SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Environmental-Mutagen-Society (EMS) CY SEP 08-12, 2012 CL Bellevue, WA SP Environm Mutagen Soc (EMS) C1 [Prasad, R. Y.; McGee, J. K.; Killius, M. G.; Ackerman, D.; Blackman, C. F.; DeMarini, D. M.; Simmons, S. O.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 53 SU 1 BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 993YM UT WOS:000307896300071 ER PT J AU Hagerthey, SE Newman, S Xue, S AF Hagerthey, Scot E. Newman, Susan Xue, Shi TI Periphyton-based transfer functions to assess ecological imbalance and management of a subtropical ombrotrophic peatland SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE assessment; Everglades; phosphorus; salinity; wetland eutrophication ID EPILITHIC ALGAL COMMUNITIES; DIATOM-BASED MODELS; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; WATER-QUALITY; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES; NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS; BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT; INFERENCE MODELS; TOTAL PHOSPHORUS; BENTHIC ALGAE AB 1. To assess the biological status and response of aquatic resources to management actions, managers and decision-makers require accurate and precise metrics. This is especially true for some parts of the Florida Everglades where multiple stressors (e.g. hydrologic alterations and eutrophication) have resulted in a highly degraded and fragmented ecosystem. Biological assessments are required that directly allow for the evaluation of historical and current status and responses to implantation of large-scale restoration projects. 2. Utilising periphyton composition and water-quality data obtained from long-term (15 years) monitoring programmes, we developed calibrated and verified periphyton-based numerical models (transfer functions) that could be used to simultaneously assess multiple stressors affecting the Everglades peatland (e.g. salinity, nitrogen and phosphorus). Periphyton is an ideal indicator because responses to stressors are rapid and predictable and possess valued ecological attributes. 3. Weighted averaging partial least squares regression was used to develop models to infer water-quality concentrations from 456 samples comprising 319 periphyton taxa. Measured versus periphyton-inferred concentrations were strongly related for log-transformed salinity ( = 0.81; RMSEP 0.15 mg L-1) and log-transformed total phosphorus (TP; = 0.70; RMSEP 0.18 mg L-1), but weakly related for total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) ( = 0.46; RMSEP 0.12 mg L-1). Validation results using an independent 455 sample data set were similar (log(salinity) r2 = 0.78, log(TP) r2 = 0.65 and log(TKN) r2 = 0.38). 4. Water Conservation Area 1 (WCA-1), a large ombrotrophic subtropical peatland impacted by multiple water-quality stressors that has undergone major changes in water management, was used as a case study. The models were applied to a long-term periphyton data set to reconstruct water-quality trends in relation to restoration efforts to reduce nutrient loading to the Everglades. The combination of biologically inferred TP and salinity was used to identify the ecological status of periphyton assemblages. Periphyton assemblages were ecologically imbalanced with respect to salinity and TP. Salinity imbalance varied spatially and temporally, whereas TP was spatially restricted. Imbalances caused by water management were owing to salinity more so than to TP. 5. The transfer functions developed for the Everglades are trait-based quantitative numerical methods and are ideal because the abundances of species are modelled numerically in relation to a stressor. The resulting inferred value is a numerical representation of the stressors effect on biological condition that can be compared against the management of the stressor independent of other factors. The benefits are that biological lags or hysteresis events can easily be identified and environmental conditions can be estimated when measurements are lacking. Reporting biological assessments in terms of well-defined water-quality metrics (e.g. numeric criterion) increased the communicative ability of the assessment. The use of multiple metrics to assess ecological imbalance increased the ability to identify probable causes. C1 [Hagerthey, Scot E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hagerthey, Scot E.; Newman, Susan] S Florida Water Management Dist, Everglades Syst Assessment Sect, W Palm Beach, FL USA. [Xue, Shi] S Florida Water Management Dist, Water Qual Bur, W Palm Beach, FL USA. RP Hagerthey, SE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 8623-P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM hagerthey.scot@epa.gov OI Hagerthey, Scot/0000-0002-1361-359X NR 66 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1947 EP 1965 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2012.02848.x PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 978JI UT WOS:000306736200016 ER PT J AU Green, OO Shuster, WD Rhea, LK Garmestani, AS Thurston, HW AF Green, Olivia Odom Shuster, William D. Rhea, Lee K. Garmestani, Ahjond S. Thurston, Hale W. TI Identification and Induction of Human, Social, and Cultural Capitals through an Experimental Approach to Stormwater Management (vol 4, pg 1669, 2012) SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Correction C1 [Green, Olivia Odom; Shuster, William D.; Rhea, Lee K.; Garmestani, Ahjond S.; Thurston, Hale W.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Green, OO (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Green.Olivia@epa.gov; Shuster.William@epa.gov; Rhea.Lee@epa.gov; Garmestani.Ahjond@epa.gov; Thurston.Hale@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD SEP PY 2012 VL 4 IS 9 BP 2209 EP 2209 DI 10.3390/su4092209 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213GE UT WOS:000324042500013 ER PT J AU Hendryx, M Fulk, F McGinley, A AF Hendryx, Michael Fulk, Florence McGinley, Andrea TI Public Drinking Water Violations in Mountaintop Coal Mining Areas of West Virginia, USA SO WATER QUALITY EXPOSURE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Coal mining; Appalachia; Public drinking water AB Mountaintop coal mining (MTM) has adverse impacts on surface and ground water quality. Instances of domestic well water contamination from mining activities have been documented, but possible mining impacts on public water treatment systems are unknown. We analyzed the US Environmental Protection Agency's Safe Drinking Water Information System to examine the number and type of public water treatment violations in West Virginia for the years 2001-2009. Violations were compared between three groups of water treatment facilities: those in counties with mountaintop coal mining (n = 161 facilities), coal mining other than mountaintop mining (n = 184 facilities), and with no coal mining (n = 137 facilities). Adjusting statistically for system size and water source, there were 73.0 violations per system in MTM areas, 16.7 violations per system in other mining areas, and 10.2 violations per system in non-mining areas (F = 7.21, df = 7, 475, p < 0.0001). Excess violations in MTM counties were most often related to failure to conduct required sampling for organic compounds. Complete sampling and reporting of public drinking water quality in MTM areas is needed. C1 [Hendryx, Michael; McGinley, Andrea] W Virginia Univ, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Fulk, Florence] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hendryx, M (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Community Med, POB 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM mhendryx@hsc.wvu.edu; fulk.florence@epa.gov; amcginle@mix.wvu.edu OI Hendryx, Michael/0000-0002-2764-387X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors would like to thank Justicia Rhodus, Dynamac Corporation, for technical editing and formatting. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here; it has been subjected to the Agency review and approved for publication. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1876-1658 EI 1876-1666 J9 WATER QUAL EXPOS HEA JI Water Qual. Expos. Health PD SEP PY 2012 VL 4 IS 3 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1007/s12403-012-0075-x PG 7 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA V35HW UT WOS:000209141900005 ER PT J AU Raheem, N Colt, S Fleishman, E Talberth, J Swedeen, P Boyle, KJ Rudd, M Lopez, RD Crocker, D Bohan, D O'Higgins, T Willer, C Boumans, RM AF Raheem, N. Colt, S. Fleishman, E. Talberth, J. Swedeen, P. Boyle, K. J. Rudd, M. Lopez, R. D. Crocker, D. Bohan, D. O'Higgins, T. Willer, C. Boumans, R. M. TI Application of non-market valuation to California's coastal policy decisions SO MARINE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Non-market valuation; Ecosystem services; Economics ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CONSERVATION; ECONOMICS; MANAGEMENT AB Regulatory agencies in the United States do not generally consider economic values of ecosystem services in their policy decisions. We report the results of a collaborative effort by a team of economists, conservation biologists, and staff members of the California Ocean Protection Council to provide spatially explicit and policy-relevant values for ecosystem services generated in coastal regions in California. We developed a matrix in which the rows are types of ecosystem services and the columns are types of marine ecosystems along the California coast. Where possible, we populated this matrix with ecosystem service values per unit of area drawn from the economics literature. We then evaluated whether the values for given services, in given ecosystems, could be reasonably approximated by applying the replacement cost or the avoided cost method. Reported values of coastal ecosystems varied widely, and much of the valuation research did not address specific ecosystem services. Even when ecosystem services were explicitly addressed, the services often were not described or valued in a spatially explicit manner. These results suggest that rigorous application of non-market values to policy decisions requires original valuation studies for specific services in specific ecosystems. Where original, place-based valuation studies are not possible, valuation by replacement or avoided cost methods is feasible for some ecosystem services. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Raheem, N.] Emerson Coll, Dept Mkt Commun, Boston, MA 02116 USA. [Colt, S.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Inst Social & Econ Res, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Fleishman, E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Talberth, J.] Ctr Sustainable Econ, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Swedeen, P.] Swedeen Consulting, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. [Boyle, K. J.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Rudd, M.] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Lopez, R. D.] US EPA, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Crocker, D.] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Bohan, D.] Calif Ocean Protect Council, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [O'Higgins, T.] Scottish Marine Inst, Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Dunbeg PA371QA, Argyll, Scotland. [Willer, C.] Coast Range Assoc, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Fleishman, E.; Boumans, R. M.] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Raheem, N (reprint author), Emerson Coll, Dept Mkt Commun, 120 Boylston St, Boston, MA 02116 USA. EM nejem_raheem@emerson.edu; steve.colt@uaa.alaska.edu; efleishman@ucdavis.edu; jtalberth@wri.org; swedeenconsulting@gmail.com; kjboyle@vt.edu; mr642@york.ac.uk; Lopez.Ricardo@epamail.epa.gov; donald.crocker@resources.ca.gov; drew.bohan@resources.ca.gov; Tim.O'Higgins@sams.ac.uk; chuck@coastrange.org; roelof.boumans@uvm.edu RI Rudd, Murray/C-1244-2009; O'Higgins, Tim/G-6717-2015 OI Rudd, Murray/0000-0001-9533-5070; O'Higgins, Tim/0000-0003-1274-4480 NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-597X J9 MAR POLICY JI Mar. Pol. PD SEP PY 2012 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1166 EP 1171 DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.01.005 PG 6 WC Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA 956RC UT WOS:000305105800025 ER PT J AU Lombi, E Donner, E Tavakkoli, E Turney, TW Naidu, R Miller, BW Scheckel, KG AF Lombi, Enzo Donner, Erica Tavakkoli, Ehsan Turney, Terence W. Naidu, Ravi Miller, Bradley W. Scheckel, Kirk G. TI Fate of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles during Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater and Post-Treatment Processing of Sewage Sludge SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; HEAVY-METALS; SPECIATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SILVER; ENRICHMENT; BIOSOLIDS AB The rapid development and commercialization of nanomaterials will inevitably result in the release of nanoparticles (NPs) to the environment. As NPs often exhibit physical and chemical properties significantly different from those of their molecular or macrosize analogs, concern has been growing regarding their fate and toxicity in environmental compartments. The wastewater sewage sludge pathway has been identified as a key release pathway leading to environmental exposure to NPs. In this study, we investigated the chemical transformation of two ZnO-NPs and one hydrophobic ZnO-NP commercial formulation (used in personal care products), during anaerobic digestion of wastewater. Changes in Zn speciation as a result of postprocessing of the sewage sludge, mimicking composting/stockpiling, were also assessed. The results indicated that "native" Zn and Zn added either as a soluble salt or as NPs was rapidly converted to sulfides in all treatments. The hydrophobicity of the commercial formulation retarded the conversion of ZnO-NP. However, at the end of the anaerobic digestion process and after postprocessing of the sewage sludge (which caused a significant change in Zn speciation), the speciation of Zn was similar across all treatments. This indicates that, at least for the material tested, the risk assessment of ZnO-NP through this exposure pathway can rely on the significant knowledge already available in regard to other "conventional" forms of Zn present in sewage sludge. C1 [Lombi, Enzo; Donner, Erica; Tavakkoli, Ehsan; Naidu, Ravi] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Donner, Erica; Naidu, Ravi] CRC CARE, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia. [Turney, Terence W.] Monash Univ, Ctr Green Chem, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Turney, Terence W.] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Miller, Bradley W.; Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Lombi, E (reprint author), Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Bldg X,Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. EM enzo.lombi@unisa.edu.au RI Turney, Terence/H-5163-2012; Donner, Erica/A-4809-2012; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; Lombi, Enzo/F-3860-2013; OI Donner, Erica/0000-0001-6465-2233; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Lombi, Enzo/0000-0003-3384-0375; Turney, Terence/0000-0003-3014-3478 FU Australian Research Council [FT100100337, DP120101115]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Department of Energy; MRCAT FX E.L. is recipient of an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT100100337). The funding support from the Australian Research Council is also acknowledged in relation to Discovery Project DP120101115. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. NR 33 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 9 U2 209 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 21 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 16 BP 9089 EP 9096 DI 10.1021/es301487s PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 991JQ UT WOS:000307697700068 PM 22816872 ER PT J AU Baier-Anderson, C Williams, B Lavoie, E AF Baier-Anderson, Cal Williams, Bridget Lavoie, Emma TI US EPA's Design for the Environment alternatives assessment program: Selection of safer chemicals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Baier-Anderson, Cal; Williams, Bridget; Lavoie, Emma] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM williams.bridget@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 116-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804737 ER PT J AU Baris, R Barrett, MR Bohaty, RFH Echeverria, M Kennedy, I Malis, GP Wolf, JK Young, D AF Baris, Reuben Barrett, Michael R. Bohaty, Rochelle F. H. Echeverria, Marietta Kennedy, Ian Malis, Greg P. Wolf, James K. Young, Dirk TI Development and evaluation of the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM) for estimating pesticide concentrations in groundwater SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Baris, Reuben; Barrett, Michael R.; Bohaty, Rochelle F. H.; Echeverria, Marietta; Wolf, James K.; Young, Dirk] US EPA, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kennedy, Ian; Malis, Greg P.] Hlth Canada, Pesticide Management Regulatory Agcy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. EM bohaty.rochelle@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 139-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800393 ER PT J AU Cooter, E Bash, JO Benson, V Ran, LM AF Cooter, Ellen Bash, Jesse O. Benson, Verel Ran, Limei TI Estimation of national-scale bidirectional ammonia flux using a coupled air quality and farm management modeling system SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Cooter, Ellen; Bash, Jesse O.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Exposure Integrat Branch, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Benson, Verel] Benson Consulting, Columbia, MO USA. [Ran, Limei] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM cooter.ellen@epa.gov RI Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 158-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800412 ER PT J AU Costanza, J AF Costanza, Jed TI Test protocols and results for the nanosilver containing pesticide AGS-20 SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Costanza, Jed] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. EM costanza.jed@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 349-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804550 ER PT J AU Hafner, SD Montes, F Green, P Howard, CJ Franco, RB Mitloehner, F Rotz, CA AF Hafner, Sasha D. Montes, Felipe Green, Peter Howard, Cody J. Franco, Roberta B. Mitloehner, Frank Rotz, C. Alan TI VOC emission from silage: Compounds, processes, and implications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Hafner, Sasha D.; Montes, Felipe; Rotz, C. Alan] ARS, USDA, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Green, Peter] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Howard, Cody J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Franco, Roberta B.; Mitloehner, Frank] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sasha.hafner@gmail.com RI Hafner, Sasha/N-3970-2013 OI Hafner, Sasha/0000-0003-0955-0327 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 25-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800290 ER PT J AU He, XX de la Cruz, AA Dionysiou, DD AF He, Xuexiang de la Cruz, Armah A. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Destruction of cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin by hydroxyl radicals and sulfate radicals using UV-254 nm-activation of hydrogen peroxide, persulfate, and peroxymonosulfate SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [He, Xuexiang; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 153-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804376 ER PT J AU Jing, HY Mezgebe, B Hassan, AA Sahle-Demessie, E Sorial, G AF Jing, Hengye Mezgebe, Bineyam Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Sorial, George TI Interaction between biofilms and nanoparticles SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Jing, Hengye; Mezgebe, Bineyam; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM jinghe@mail.uc.edu; Hassan.Ashraf@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 324-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804528 ER PT J AU Kanel, SR Dagher, J Travis, M Sizemore, IE Racz, L Impellitteri, CA Goltz, MN AF Kanel, Sushil R. Dagher, Jessica Travis, Meidinger Sizemore, Ioana E. Racz, LeeAnn Impellitteri, Christopher A. Goltz, Mark N. TI Fate and transport of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in saturated porous media: Laboratory experiments and modeling SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Kanel, Sushil R.; Travis, Meidinger; Racz, LeeAnn; Goltz, Mark N.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Syst & Engn Management, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Dagher, Jessica; Sizemore, Ioana E.] Wright State Univ, Dept Chem, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Impellitteri, Christopher A.] US EPA, Water Qual Management Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sushil.kanel@afit.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 79-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621802283 ER PT J AU Leazer, J Varma, RS Vaddula, BR Saha, A Baig, NBR AF Leazer, John Varma, Rajender S. Vaddula, Buchi Reddy Saha, Amit Baig, Nasir Rashid Baig TI Benign synthesis of N-aryl sulfoximines and unnatural amino acids with dithiocarbamate side chain SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Leazer, John; Varma, Rajender S.; Vaddula, Buchi Reddy; Saha, Amit; Baig, Nasir Rashid Baig] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM leazer.john@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 88-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804315 ER PT J AU Lee, WH Wahman, DG Bishop, PL Pressman, JG AF Lee, Woo Hyoung Wahman, David G. Bishop, Paul L. Pressman, Jonathan G. TI Using microelectrodes and live/dead BacLight to compare penetration, activity, and viability within nitrifying biofilm subjected to free chlorine, monochloramine, and free ammonia SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Lee, Woo Hyoung; Wahman, David G.; Pressman, Jonathan G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Bishop, Paul L.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM lee.woohyoung@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 329-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804533 ER PT J AU Li, Z Sahle-Demessie, E Hassan, AA Sorial, GA AF Li, Zhen Sahle-Demessie, Endalkahew Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sorial, George A. TI Characterization of natural organic matter from Ohio River and investigation of their influence on stability and transport of engineered nanoparticles in water filtration system SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Li, Zhen] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Sahle-Demessie, Endalkahew; Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Sorial, George A.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM liz2@mail.uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 45-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804272 ER PT J AU Mezgebe, B Sorial, G Hassan, AA Demessie, S AF Mezgebe, Bineyam Sorial, George Hassan, Ashraf Aly Demessie, Sahle TI Biological removal of chloroform by using biotrickling filter (BTF) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Mezgebe, Bineyam; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Demessie, Sahle] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM bhadgu@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 130-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804355 ER PT J AU Nadadur, SS AF Nadadur, Srikanth S. TI Nanotechnology environmental health and safety: The need for multidisciplinary consortium apporaches SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Nadadur, Srikanth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM nadadurs@niehs.nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 138-TOXI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621808758 ER PT J AU Papiernik, SK Yates, SR Qian, YR Ajwa, H Gao, SD Qin, RJ Sances, F Spokas, KA AF Papiernik, Sharon K. Yates, Scott R. Qian, Yaorong Ajwa, Husein Gao, Suduan Qin, Ruijun Sances, Frank Spokas, Kurt A. TI Interlaboratory validation of standardized method to determine permeability of plastic films SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Papiernik, Sharon K.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Yates, Scott R.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Qian, Yaorong] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. [Ajwa, Husein; Qin, Ruijun] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Gao, Suduan] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Sances, Frank] Pacific Ag Res, San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 USA. [Spokas, Kurt A.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Sharon.Papiernik@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 80-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800341 ER PT J AU Pelaez, M Likodimos, V Kontos, AG Falaras, P O'Shea, K de la Cruz, AA Hiskia, A Dionysiou, DD AF Pelaez, Miguel Likodimos, Vlassis Kontos, Athanassios G. Falaras, Polycarpos O'Shea, Kevin de la Cruz, Armah A. Hiskia, Anastasia Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Titanium dioxide photocatalysis as an environmentally sustainable advanced oxidation technology for the treatment of cyanotoxins in sources of drinking water supply SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Pelaez, Miguel; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Likodimos, Vlassis; Kontos, Athanassios G.; Falaras, Polycarpos; Hiskia, Anastasia] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Phys Chem, Athens, Greece. [O'Shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL USA. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 160-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804383 ER PT J AU Pillai, PR Aneja, VP Walker, JT Njegovan, A AF Pillai, Priya R. Aneja, Viney P. Walker, John T. Njegovan, Aleksandra TI Nitrous oxide emissions from biofuel crops and its parameterization in the EPIC biogeochemical model SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Pillai, Priya R.; Aneja, Viney P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Walker, John T.; Njegovan, Aleksandra] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM prpillai@ncsu.edu RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 162-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800416 ER PT J AU Rosenzweig, S Sorial, G Demessie, ES AF Rosenzweig, Shirley Sorial, George Demessie, E. Sahle TI Comparative study for the adsorption of Cu(II) on functionalized nano graphene platelets and multiwall carbon nanotubes: Effect of size and morphology SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rosenzweig, Shirley; Sorial, George] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Demessie, E. Sahle] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM rosenzsf@mail.uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 44-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804271 ER PT J AU Rossi, L AF Rossi, Lois TI US EPA advances in international harmonization and cooperation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Rossi, Lois] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM rossi.lois@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 51-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800313 ER PT J AU Surratt, JD Lin, YH Zhang, ZF Zhang, HF Budisulistiorini, SH Marth, WJ Rubitschun, CL Kleindienst, TE Edney, EO Bartolotti, L Shaw, SL Knipping, EM Docherty, KS Edgerton, ES Baumann, K Gold, A AF Surratt, Jason D. Lin, Ying-Hsuan Zhang, Zhenfa Zhang, Haofei Budisulistiorini, Sri H. Marth, Wendy J. Rubitschun, Caitlin L. Kleindienst, Tadeusz E. Edney, Edward O. Bartolotti, Libero Shaw, Stephanie L. Knipping, Eladio M. Docherty, Kenneth S. Edgerton, Eric S. Baumann, Karsten Gold, Avram TI Formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from isoprene oxidation: Role of reactive epoxides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Surratt, Jason D.; Lin, Ying-Hsuan; Zhang, Zhenfa; Zhang, Haofei; Budisulistiorini, Sri H.; Marth, Wendy J.; Rubitschun, Caitlin L.; Gold, Avram] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.; Edney, Edward O.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bartolotti, Libero] E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Shaw, Stephanie L.] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Knipping, Eladio M.] Elect Power Res Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Docherty, Kenneth S.] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Edgerton, Eric S.; Baumann, Karsten] Atmospher Res & Anal Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. EM surratt@unc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 132-PHYS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621807294 ER PT J AU Nguyen, T AF Thuy Nguyen TI Method validation criteria: US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Thuy Nguyen] US EPA, Off Pestice Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM nguyen.thuy@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 147-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800401 ER PT J AU Van Emon, JM AF Van Emon, Jeanette M. TI Immunoassay approaches for environmental and exposure monitoring SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Van Emon, Jeanette M.] US EPA, Methods Dev & Applicat Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM vanemon.jeanette@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 20-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800286 ER PT J AU Varma, RS AF Varma, Rajender S. TI Microwave-facilitated synthesis of nanomaterials: Sustainable applications of magnetically recoverable nanocatalysts SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 402-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621806610 ER PT J AU Varma, RS Baig, RBN AF Varma, Rajender S. Baig, R. B. Nasir TI Organic synthesis via magnetic attraction: Benign and sustainable protocols using magnetic nanocatalysts SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Varma, Rajender S.; Baig, R. B. Nasir] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 114-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804339 ER PT J AU Virkutyte, J Al-Abed, S Dionysiou, DD AF Virkutyte, Jurate Al-Abed, Souhail Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Stability of the coating in TiO2-based sunscreens: Potential implications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Virkutyte, Jurate] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM Virkutyte.Jurate@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 222-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804442 ER PT J AU Williams, WM Denton, D Breuer, R Hoogeweg, G AF Williams, W. Martin Denton, Debra Breuer, Rich Hoogeweg, Gerco TI Modeling pesticide runoff from urban areas to assess impacts on threatened and endangered species in California SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Williams, W. Martin; Hoogeweg, Gerco] Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. [Denton, Debra] US EPA, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. [Breuer, Rich] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. EM williamsm@waterborne-env.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 308-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800556 ER PT J AU Williams, WM Denton, D Breuer, R Hoogeweg, G AF Williams, W. Martin Denton, Debra Breuer, Rich Hoogeweg, Gerco TI Modeling pesticide runoff from urban areas to assess impacts on threatened and endangered species in California SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Williams, W. Martin; Hoogeweg, Gerco] Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA. [Denton, Debra] US EPA, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. [Breuer, Rich] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA. EM williamsm@waterborne-env.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 308-AGRO PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621800555 ER PT J AU Zhang, GS Nadagouda, M Pelaez, M O'Shea, K Ismail, A Dionysiou, DD AF Zhang, Geshan Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna Pelaez, Miguel O'Shea, Kevin Ismail, Adel Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Degradation of cylindrospermopsin using brookite titanium dioxide under simulated solar light SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 244th National Fall Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY AUG 19-23, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Hist Chem, Amer Chem Soc C1 [Zhang, Geshan; Pelaez, Miguel; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [O'Shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Ismail, Adel] Cent Met R&D Inst, Cairo, Egypt. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 19 PY 2012 VL 244 MA 304-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 220XX UT WOS:000324621804509 ER PT J AU Gonzales, M Myers, O Smith, L Olvera, HA Mukerjee, S Li, WW Pingitore, N Amaya, M Burchiel, S Berwick, M AF Gonzales, Melissa Myers, Orrin Smith, Luther Olvera, Hector A. Mukerjee, Shaibal Li, Wen-Whai Pingitore, Nicholas Amaya, Maria Burchiel, Scott Berwick, Marianne CA ARCH Study Team TI Evaluation of land use regression models for NO2 in El Paso, Texas, USA SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen dioxide; Land use regression; Exposure models; Exposure variability; Monitoring ID NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; AIR-POLLUTION; GIS AB Developing suitable exposure estimates for air pollution health studies is problematic due to spatial and temporal variation in concentrations and often limited monitoring data. Though land use regression models (LURs) are often used for this purpose, their applicability to later periods of time, larger geographic areas, and seasonal variation is largely untested. We evaluate a series of mixed model LURs to describe the spatial-temporal gradients of NO2 across El Paso County. Texas based on measurements collected during cool and warm seasons in 2006-2007 (2006-7). We also evaluated performance of a general additive model (GAM) developed for central El Paso in 1999 to assess spatial gradients across the County in 2006-7. Five LURs were developed iteratively from the study data and their predictions were averaged to provide robust nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration gradients across the county. Despite differences in sampling time frame, model covariates and model estimation methods, predicted NO2 concentration gradients were similar in the current study as compared to the 1999 study. Through a comprehensive LUR modeling campaign, it was shown that the nature of the most influential predictive variables remained the same for El Paso between 1999 and 2006-7. The similar LUR results obtained here demonstrate that, at least for El Paso, LURs developed from prior years may still be applicable to assess exposure conditions in subsequent years and in different seasons when seasonal variation is taken into consideration. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gonzales, Melissa] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Albuquerque, NM 87101 USA. [Smith, Luther] Alion Sci & Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Olvera, Hector A.; Li, Wen-Whai; Pingitore, Nicholas; Amaya, Maria] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Mukerjee, Shaibal] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gonzales, M (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Epidemiol & Prevent Med, MSC10 5550,1 Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87101 USA. EM mgonzales@salud.unm.edu OI Berwick, Marianne/0000-0001-5062-2180 FU NIEHS [S11 ES013339]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-05-065] FX We thank the other members of the ARCH study team for their contributions to the overall project. Support for this research was provided by NIEHS Grant S11 ES013339. This funding source had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation, report writing, or publication decision. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here under contract EP-D-05-065 to Alion. The paper has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 432 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.062 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 998WI UT WOS:000308270700016 PM 22728301 ER PT J AU Wu, WD Peden, D Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Wu, Weidong Peden, David Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Role of GSTM1 in resistance to lung inflammation SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE GSTM1 polymorphism; Air pollution; Lung inflammation; Nrf2; Free radicals ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; MICROSOMAL EPOXIDE HYDROLASE; DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2; AIR-POLLUTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; SIGNALING PATHWAYS AB Lung inflammation resulting from oxidant/antioxidant imbalance is a common feature of many lung diseases. In particular, the role of enzymes regulated by the NF-E2-related factor 2 transcription factor has recently received increased attention. Among these antioxidant genes, glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) has been most extensively characterized because it has a null polymorphism that is highly prevalent in the population and associated with increased risk of inflammatory lung diseases. Present evidence suggests that GSTM1 acts through interactions with other genes and environmental factors, especially air pollutants. Here, we review GSTM1 gene expression and regulation and summarize the findings from epidemiological, clinical, animal, and in vitro studies on the role played by GSTM1 in lung inflammation. We discuss limitations in the existing knowledge base and future perspectives and evaluate the potential of pharmacologic and genetic manipulation of the GSTM1 gene to modulate pulmonary inflammatory responses. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Weidong; Peden, David] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Wu, Weidong; Peden, David] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Wu, WD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM Weidong_Wu@med.unc.edu FU National Institute of Health [U19AI077437, R01ES016535]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Cooperative Agreement with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [CR83346301] FX The authors specifically thank Drs. James Samet and Philip Bromberg for their invaluable review of the manuscript. The work described in this review was supported by the National Institute of Health (U19AI077437 and R01ES016535). Although the research described in this article was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Cooperative Agreement CR83346301 with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, it has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 163 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 53 IS 4 BP 721 EP 729 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.037 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 994GY UT WOS:000307920100009 PM 22683820 ER PT J AU Fang, GD Dionysiou, DD Wang, Y Al-Abed, SR Zhou, DM AF Fang, Guo-Dong Dionysiou, Dionysios D. Wang, Yu Al-Abed, Souhail R. Zhou, Dong-Mei TI Sulfate radical-based degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls: Effects of chloride ion and reaction kinetics SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Sulfate radical; Chloride ion; Chlorine radical; Degradation; PCBs; Second-order rate constants ID ACTIVATED PERSULFATE OXIDATION; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ACID ORANGE 7; RATE CONSTANTS; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; COMMON OXIDANTS; MECHANISM; WATER AB Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on sulfate radical (SO4 center dot-) have been recently used for soil and groundwater remediation. The presence of chloride ion in natural or wastewater decreases the reactivity of sulfate radical system, but explanations for this behavior were inconsistent, and the mechanisms are poorly understood. Therefore, in this paper we investigated the effect of chloride ion on the degradation of 2,4,4'-CB (PCB28) and biphenyl (BP) by persulfate, based on the produced SO4 center dot-. The results showed that the presence of chloride ion greatly inhibited the transformation of PC828 and BP. Transformation intermediates of BP were monitored, suggesting that the chloride ion can react with SO4 center dot- to produce chlorine radical, which reacts with BP to generate chlorinated compounds. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of these processes, a kinetic model was developed for predicting the effect of chloride ion on the types of radical species and their distributions. The results showed that chloride ion could influence the selectivity of radical species and their distribution, and increase the concentration of the sum of radical species. In addition, the second-order rate constants of sulfate radical with PCBs were determined, and quantum-chemical descriptors were introduced to predict the rate constants of other PCBs based on our experimental data. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fang, Guo-Dong; Wang, Yu; Zhou, Dong-Mei] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Soil Environm & Pollut Remediat, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Al-Abed, Souhail R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Fang, Guo-Dong; Wang, Yu] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100099, Peoples R China. RP Zhou, DM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Soil Environm & Pollut Remediat, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. EM dmzhou@issas.ac.cn RI Fang, Guodong/E-4809-2013 FU Knowledge Innovative Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-YW-Q02-02]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41125007] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Knowledge Innovative Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-Q02-02) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (41125007). NR 44 TC 69 Z9 73 U1 15 U2 137 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 227 BP 394 EP 401 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.05.074 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976ZX UT WOS:000306627000049 PM 22683213 ER PT J AU Chen, D Tang, CL AF Chen, Dong Tang, Chunling TI Evaluating secondary flows in the evolution of sine-generated meanders SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Meander; Secondary flow; Bank erosion; Sediment transport; Model ID RIVERBANK-STABILITY ANALYSIS; CURVED OPEN CHANNELS; BED TOPOGRAPHY; SHEAR-STRESS; BEND THEORY; MODEL; SIMULATION; MIGRATION; REDISTRIBUTION; PLANFORM AB The development of meanders has been the focus of research for decades because the shifting of bank lines may potentially cause serious problems in river engineering. This study assesses the roles of secondary flows in meander evolution by testing two model parameters, A and As, which represent the effects of momentum redistribution exerted by the topography-driven and curvature-driven secondary currents, respectively. The meander-evolution model couples an analytical solution of flow field in a sine-generated channel with the Bank Erosion and Retreat Model (BERM). The contributions of this study lie in two areas. First, the authors isolated and quantified the roles of curvature-driven and topography-driven secondary flows in meander evolution. Second, the shifting processes of primary flow by secondary flows were investigated in detail by evaluating various variations of the dimensionless scour factor A. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Dong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Proc, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Tang, Chunling] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Tang, CL (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM dchen@igsnrr.ac.cn; tangchun@u.washington.edu FU Chinese Academy of Sciences; US Department of Defense, Army Research Office (ARO) [DAAD19-00-1-0157] FX This research is supported by (1) the "Hundred Talents Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; (2) the US Department of Defense, Army Research Office (ARO), under Grant Number DAAD19-00-1-0157. The writers are grateful to three anonymous reviewers, Dr. Gary Parker, Dr. Koen Blanckaert, and Dr. Jennifer Duan, whose comments and suggestions are valuable for the improvement of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 163 SI SI BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.04.010 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 974PS UT WOS:000306449400004 ER PT J AU Corton, JC Bushel, PR Fostel, J O'Lone, RB AF Corton, J. Christopher Bushel, Pierre R. Fostel, Jennifer O'Lone, Raegan B. TI Sources of variance in baseline gene expression in the rodent liver SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Review DE Toxicogenomics; Baseline expression; Microarray; Fasting; Sex; Circadian rhythm; Microbiota; Life stage; Diet ID MOUSE-LIVER; RAT-LIVER; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; DRUG-METABOLISM; SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS; COPPER DISTRIBUTION; NEWBORN LIVER; SEX; ENZYMES; FEMALE AB The use of gene expression profiling in both clinical and laboratory settings would be enhanced by better characterization of variation due to individual, environmental, and technical factors. Analysis of microarray data from untreated or vehicle-treated animals within the control arm of toxicogenomics studies has yielded useful information on baseline fluctuations in liver gene expression in the rodent. Here, studies which highlight contributions of different factors to gene expression variability in the rodent liver are discussed including a large meta-analysis of rat liver, which identified genes that vary in control animals in the absence of chemical treatment. Genes and their pathways that are the most and least variable were identified in a number of these studies. Life stage, fasting, sex, diet, circadian rhythm and liver lobe source can profoundly influence gene expression in the liver. Recognition of biological and technical factors that contribute to variability of background gene expression can help the investigator in the design of an experiment that maximizes sensitivity and reduces the influence of confounders that may lead to misinterpretation of genomic changes. The factors that contribute to variability in liver gene expression in rodents are likely analogous to those contributing to human interindividual variability in drug response and chemical toxicity. Identification of batteries of genes that are altered in a variety of background conditions could be used to predict responses to drugs and chemicals in appropriate models of the human liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Corton, J. Christopher] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bushel, Pierre R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Fostel, Jennifer] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [O'Lone, Raegan B.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Corton, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD-B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM corton.chris@epa.gov FU HESI Genomics Technical Committee; ILSI HESI; Division of the National Toxicology Program; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [Z01 ES102345-04]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We would like to thank Drs. Brian Chorley and Mitch Rosen for their critical review, the HESI Genomics Technical Committee for supporting the work, and to members of the committee who contributed microarray data for this and on-going analyses. Some of the work described was carried out by a subgroup of the HESI Application of Genomics to Mechanism-Based Risk Assessment Technical Committee, funded through ILSI HESI. This research was supported by the Division of the National Toxicology Program, the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [Z01 ES102345-04]. The information in this document has been supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 79 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 EI 1879-3592 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 2 SI SI BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.12.017 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 972TW UT WOS:000306304400003 PM 22230429 ER PT J AU Villeneuve, DL Garcia-Reyero, N Martinovic-Weigelt, D Li, ZH Watanabe, KH Orlando, EF LaLone, CA Edwards, SW Burgoon, LD Denslow, ND Perkins, EJ Ankley, GT AF Villeneuve, Daniel L. Garcia-Reyero, Natalia Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma Li, Zhenhong Watanabe, Karen H. Orlando, Edward F. LaLone, Carlie A. Edwards, Stephen W. Burgoon, Lyle D. Denslow, Nancy D. Perkins, Edward J. Ankley, Gerald T. TI A graphical systems model and tissue-specific functional gene sets to aid transcriptomic analysis of chemical impacts on the female teleost reproductive axis SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE Systems biology; Toxicogenomics; Gene set enrichment analysis; Fish; Endocrine ID ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS; GENOME DUPLICATION; OOCYTE MATURATION; EXPRESSION; ZEBRAFISH; GROWTH; FISH; RNA AB Oligonucleotide microarrays and other 'omics' approaches are powerful tools for unsupervised analysis of chemical impacts on biological systems. However, the lack of well annotated biological pathways for many aquatic organisms, including fish, and the limited power of microarray-based analyses to detect low level differential expression of individual genes can hinder the ability to infer and understand chemical effects based on transcriptomic data. Here we report on the supervised assembly of a series of tissue-specific functional gene sets intended to aid transcriptomic analysis of chemical impacts on the female teleost reproductive axis. Gene sets were defined based on an updated graphical systems model of the teleost brain-pituitary-gonadal-hepatic axis. Features depicted in the model were organized into gene sets and mapped to specific probes on three zebrafish (Danio rerio) and two fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) microarray platforms. Coverage of target genes on the microarrays ranged from 48% for the fathead minnow arrays to 88% for the most current zebrafish platform. Additionally, extended fathead minnow gene sets, incorporating first degree neighbors identified from a Spearman correlation network derived from a large compendium of fathead minnow microarray data, were constructed. Overall, only 14% of the 78 genes queried were connected in the network. Among those, over half had less than five neighbors, while two genes, cyclin b1 and zona pellucida glycoprotein 3, had over 100 first degree neighbors, and were neighbors to one another. Gene set enrichment analyses were conducted using microarray data from a zebrafish hypoxia experiment and fathead minnow time-course experiments conducted with three different endocrine-active chemicals. Results of these analyses demonstrate the utility of the approach for supporting biological inference from ecotoxicogenomic data and comparisons across multiple toxicogenomic experiments. The graphical model, gene mapping, and gene sets described are now available to the scientific community as tools to support ecotoxicogenomic research. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Villeneuve, Daniel L.; LaLone, Carlie A.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Garcia-Reyero, Natalia] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Genom Biocomp & Biotechnol, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma] Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Li, Zhenhong; Watanabe, Karen H.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Sci & Engn, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA. [Orlando, Edward F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Edwards, Stephen W.] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Burgoon, Lyle D.] US EPA, NCEA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Denslow, Nancy D.] Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Denslow, Nancy D.] Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Villeneuve, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Villeneuve.dan@epa.gov; Natalia@icnanotox.org; dalma@stthomas.edu; zli@thehamner.org; watanabe@ebs.ogi.edu; eorlando@umd.edu; lalone.carlie@epa.gov; Edwards.stephen@epa.gov; burgoon.lyle@epa.gov; ndenslow@ufl.edu; Edward.J.Perkins@usace.army.mil; ankley.gerald@epa.gov RI li, zhenhong/B-1699-2014; OI Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965; Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352 FU US EPA; US Army Environmental Quality Research Program [BAA 11-4838]; Medical Research Foundation of Oregon [0634]; US EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program [RD-831848-01-0]; Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems at Oregon Health and Science University; University of Maryland FX This manuscript has been subjected to review by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors thank Jon Haselman and Rong-lin Wang for helpful comments on the manuscript. Primary funding for this work was provided by the US EPA and the US Army Environmental Quality Research Program (including BAA 11-4838). Additional contributions to this work were supported by grants from the Medical Research Foundation of Oregon [Grant #0634 to K.H.W.], US EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program [Cooperative Agreement #RD-831848-01-0 to N.D.D., K.H.W., E.F.O.], the Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems at Oregon Health and Science University [Z.L.], and University of Maryland [E.F.O.]. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-5718 J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen. PD AUG 15 PY 2012 VL 746 IS 2 SI SI BP 151 EP 162 DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.12.016 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 972TW UT WOS:000306304400008 PM 22227403 ER PT J AU Collins, D Luxton, T Kumar, N Shah, S Walker, VK Shah, V AF Collins, Daniel Luxton, Todd Kumar, Niraj Shah, Shreya Walker, Virginia K. Shah, Vishal TI Assessing the Impact of Copper and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Soil: A Field Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; SPECIATION; COMMUNITY; SILVER; FECES; MICROORGANISMS; AGGREGATION; ENVIRONMENT AB It is not known if the annual production of tonnes of industrial nanoparticles (NPs) has the potential to impact terrestrial microbial communities, which are so necessary for ecosystem functioning. Here, we have examined the consequences of adding zero valent copper and zinc oxide NPs to soil in pots that were then maintained under field conditions. The fate of these NPs, as well as changes in the microbial communities, was monitored over 162 days. Both NP types traveled through the soil matrix, albeit at differential rates, with Cu NPs retained in the soil matrix at a higher rate compared to ZnO NPs. Leaching of Cu and Zn ions from the parent NPs was also observed as a function of time. Analysis of microbial communities using culture-dependent and independent methods clearly indicated that Cu and ZnO NPs altered the microbial community structure. In particular, two orders of organisms found in rhizosphere, Flavobacteriales and Sphingomonadales, appeared to be particularly susceptible to the presence of NPs. Together, the migration of NPs through soil matrix and the ability of these potential pollutants to influence the composition of microbial community in this field study, cannot help but raise some environmental concerns. C1 [Collins, Daniel; Shah, Shreya; Shah, Vishal] Dowling Coll, Dept Biol, Oakdale, NY USA. [Luxton, Todd] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Kumar, Niraj; Walker, Virginia K.] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Kumar, Niraj; Walker, Virginia K.] Queens Univ, Sch Environm Studies, Kingston, ON, Canada. RP Collins, D (reprint author), Dowling Coll, Dept Biol, Oakdale, NY USA. EM ShahV@dowling.edu FU National Science Foundation grant [966741]; NSERC (Canada) grant; Queen's Research Chair award FX The work was funded by National Science Foundation grant # 966741, NSERC (Canada) grant, and a Queen's Research Chair award. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 58 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 8 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42663 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042663 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 986GX UT WOS:000307331100055 PM 22905159 ER PT J AU Daughton, CG AF Daughton, Christian G. TI Comment on "Life Cycle Comparison of Environmental Emissions from Three Disposal Options for Unused Pharmaceuticals" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID MEDICATIONS C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NERL, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Daughton, CG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NERL, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM daughton.christian@epa.gov OI Daughton, Christian/0000-0002-0302-7730 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 7 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 15 BP 8519 EP 8520 DI 10.1021/es301975v PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 984OG UT WOS:000307199800076 PM 22734665 ER PT J AU Pergantis, SA Jones-Lepp, TL Heithmar, EM AF Pergantis, Spiros A. Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Heithmar, Edward M. TI Hydrodynamic Chromatography Online with Single Particle-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for Ultratrace Detection of Metal-Containing Nanoparticles SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHOTON-CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; FIELD-FLOW FRACTIONATION; COLLOID ANALYSIS; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; ICP-MS; SIZE; INVESTIGATE; MODE; FOOD AB Nanoparticle (NP) determination has recently gained considerable interest since a growing number of engineered NPs are being used in commercial products. As a result, their potential to enter the environment and biological systems is increasing. In this study, we report on the development of a hyphenated analytical technique for the detection and characterization of metal-containing NPs, i.e., their metal mass fraction, size, and number concentration. Hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC), suitable for sizing NPs within the range of 5 to 300 nm, was coupled online to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), providing for an extremely selective and sensitive analytical tool for the detection of NPs. However, a serious drawback when operating the ICPMS in its conventional mode is that it does not provide data regarding NP number concentrations and, thus, any information about the metal mass fraction of individual NPs. To address this limitation, we developed single particle (SP) ICPMS coupled online to HDC as an analytical approach suitable for simultaneously determining NP size, NP number concentration, and NP metal content. Gold (Au) NPs of various sizes were used as the model system. To achieve such characterization metrics, three calibrations were required and used to convert ICPMS signal spikes into NPs injected, NP retention time on the HDC column to NP size, and ions detected per signal spike or per NP to metal content in each NP. Two calibration experiments were required in order to make all three calibrations. Also, contour plots were constructed in order to provide for a convenient and most informative viewing of this data. An example of this novel analytical approach was demonstrated for the analysis of Au NPs that had been spiked into drinking water at the ng Au L-1 level. The described technique gave limits of detection for 60 nm Au NPs of approximately 2.2 ng Au L-1 or expressed in terms of NP number concentrations of 600 Au NPs mL(-1). These were obtained while the 60 nm NPs exhibited a retention time of 771 s at a mobile phase flow rate of 1 mL min(-1). C1 [Pergantis, Spiros A.; Jones-Lepp, Tammy L.; Heithmar, Edward M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Pergantis, Spiros A.] Univ Crete, Environm Chem Proc Lab, Dept Chem, Iraklion 71003, Greece. RP Pergantis, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM spergantis@chemistry.uoc.gr RI Pergantis, Spiros/D-4022-2009; OI Pergantis, Spiros A./0000-0002-9077-7870 FU National Research Council Senior Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory in Las Vegas, NV; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX This research was performed while S.A.P. held a National Research Council Senior Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory in Las Vegas, NV. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 9 U2 157 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 7 PY 2012 VL 84 IS 15 BP 6454 EP 6462 DI 10.1021/ac300302j PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 984AG UT WOS:000307159200031 PM 22804728 ER PT J AU Wu, WD Peden, DB McConnell, R Fruin, S Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Wu, Weidong Peden, David B. McConnell, Rob Fruin, Scott Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Glutathione-S-transferase M1 regulation of diesel exhaust particle-induced pro-inflammatory mediator expression in normal human bronchial epithelial cells SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diesel exhaust particles; ROS; GSTM1; ERK; Akt ID ALLERGIC RESPONSES; LUNG-CANCER; DNA-DAMAGE; KAPPA-B; GSTM1; POLYMORPHISMS; ASTHMA; P1; INVOLVEMENT; MOUSE AB Background: Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) contribute substantially to ambient particulate matter (PM) air pollution in urban areas. Inhalation of PM has been associated with increased incidence of lung disease in susceptible populations. We have demonstrated that the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null genotype could aggravate DEP-induced airway inflammation in human subjects. Given the critical role airway epithelial cells play in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation, we established the GSTM1 deficiency condition in primary bronchial epithelial cells from human volunteers with GSTM1 sufficient genotype (GSTM1+) using GSTM1 shRNA to determine whether GSTM1 deficiency could exaggerate DEP-induced expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-1 beta proteins. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying GSTM1 regulation of DEP-induced IL-8 and IL-1 beta expression were also investigated. Methods: IL-8 and IL-1 beta protein levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. GSTM1 deficiency in primary human bronchial epithelial cells was achieved using lentiviral GSTM1 shRNA particles and verified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated using flow cytometry. Phosphorylation of protein kinases was detected using immunoblotting. Results: Exposure of primary human bronchial epithelial cells (GSTM1+) to 25-100 mu g/ml DEP for 24 h significantly increased IL-8 and IL-1 beta protein expression. Knockdown of GSTM1 in these cells further elevated DEP-induced IL-8 and IL-1 beta expression, implying that GSTM1 deficiency aggravated DEP-induced pro-inflammatory response. DEP stimulation induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt, the downstream kinase of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), in GSTM1+ bronchial epithelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK kinase and PI3K activity blocked DEP-induced IL-8 and IL-1 beta expression. DEP-induced ERK and Akt phosphorylation could be increased by GSTM1 knockdown. In addition, pretreatment of HBEC with the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine significantly inhibited DEP-induced ERK and Akt phosphorylation, and subsequent IL-8 and IL-1 beta expression. Conclusion: GSTM1 regulates DEP-induced IL-8 and IL-1 beta expression in primary human bronchial epithelial cells by modulation of ROS, ERK and Akt signaling. C1 [Wu, Weidong; Peden, David B.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [McConnell, Rob; Fruin, Scott] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Wu, WD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Weidong_Wu@med.unc.edu FU National Institute of Health [R01ES016535, U19AI077437, CR83346301]; United States Environmental Protection Agency [CR83346301]; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX We greatly appreciate the manuscript review by Dr. James Samet, and technical support by Lisa Dailey, Melanie J. Jardim, Arantza Eiguren-Fernandez, and Wenli Zhang. This work was supported by the National Institute of Health R01ES016535 and U19AI077437 and the United States Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Agreement CR83346301. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement CR83346301 with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, it has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review, and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD AUG 6 PY 2012 VL 9 AR 31 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-9-31 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 025SK UT WOS:000310213200001 PM 22867088 ER PT J AU Stanislaus, D Andersson, H Chapin, R Creasy, D Ferguson, D Gilbert, M Rosol, TJ Boyce, RW Wood, CE AF Stanislaus, Dinesh Andersson, Hakan Chapin, Robert Creasy, Dianne Ferguson, Duncan Gilbert, Mary Rosol, Thomas J. Boyce, Rogely Waite Wood, Charles E. TI Society of Toxicologic Pathology Position Paper: Review Series: Assessment of Circulating Hormones in Nonclinical Toxicity Studies: General Concepts and Considerations SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hormone analyses; best practices; hormone assays; assay validation ID BINDING GLOBULIN; ESTROUS-CYCLE; SERUM; RATS; SECRETION AB This is an introductory paper to a series of papers intended to provide the basis for understanding the contribution of endocrine axis disruption or dysfunction to the pathogenesis of morphological findings and to aid in the interpretation of study outcomes. This is the first in this series of guidance papers prepared by the Working Group and outlines general concepts of study design and assay conduct and validation for hormone studies in general. C1 [Stanislaus, Dinesh] GlaxoSmithKline, Safety Assessment, Reprod Toxicol, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA. [Andersson, Hakan] AstraZeneca R&D, Dept Clin Pathol, Safety Assessment, Sodertalje, Sweden. [Chapin, Robert] Pfizer Global R&D, Groton, CT USA. [Creasy, Dianne] Huntingdon Life Sci, E Millstone, NJ USA. [Ferguson, Duncan] Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Urbana, IL USA. [Gilbert, Mary] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rosol, Thomas J.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Boyce, Rogely Waite] Amgen Inc, Comparat Biol & Safety Sci, Thousand Oaks, CA USA. [Wood, Charles E.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Stanislaus, D (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline, Safety Assessment, Reprod Toxicol, 709 Swedeland Rd UE0465, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA. EM dinesh.j.stanislaus@gsk.com RI Rosol, Thomas/G-9585-2011; OI Rosol, Thomas/0000-0003-3737-1190; Chapin, Robert/0000-0002-5997-1261 FU STP FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The recommendations in this article are endorsed and supported by the STP. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 40 IS 6 BP 943 EP 950 DI 10.1177/0192623312444622 PG 8 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 119DG UT WOS:000317076800009 PM 22569585 ER PT J AU Morgan, MK AF Morgan, Marsha K. TI Children's Exposures to Pyrethroid Insecticides at Home: A Review of Data Collected in Published Exposure Measurement Studies Conducted in the United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE exposure; children; pyrethroids; urinary biomarker ID HUMAN DOSE-EXCRETION; DAY-CARE-CENTERS; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; 3-PHENOXYBENZOIC ACID; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; US POPULATION; METABOLITES; URBAN; ORGANOPHOSPHATE AB Pyrethroid insecticides are frequently used to control insects in residential and agriculture settings in the United States and worldwide. As a result, children can be potentially exposed to pyrethroid residues in food and at home. This review summarizes data reported in 15 published articles from observational exposure measurement studies conducted from 1999 to present that examined children's (5 months to 17 years of age) exposures to pyrethroids in media including floor wipes, floor dust, food, air, and/or urine collected at homes in the United States. At least seven different pyrethroids were detected in wipe, dust, solid food, and indoor air samples. Permethrin was the most frequently detected (>50%) pyrethroid in these media, followed by cypermethrin (wipes, dust, and food). 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a urinary metabolite of several pyrethroids, was the most frequently (>= 67%) detected pyrethroid biomarker. Results across studies indicate that these children were likely exposed to several pyrethroids, but primarily to permethrin and cypermethrin, from several sources including food, dust, and/or on surfaces at residences. Dietary ingestion followed by nondietary ingestion were the dominate exposure routes for these children, except in homes with frequent pesticide applications (dermal followed by dietary ingestion). Urinary 3-PBA concentration data confirm that the majority of the children sampled were exposed to one or more pyrethroids. C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Morgan, MK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM morgan.marsha@epa.gov NR 45 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 7 U2 62 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD AUG PY 2012 VL 9 IS 8 BP 2964 EP 2985 DI 10.3390/ijerph9082964 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 998MB UT WOS:000308242300027 PM 23066409 ER PT J AU Wang, RL Bencic, D Biales, A Flick, R Lazorchak, J Villeneuve, D Ankley, GT AF Wang, Rong-Lin Bencic, David Biales, Adam Flick, Robert Lazorchak, Jim Villeneuve, Daniel Ankley, Gerald T. TI Discovery and validation of gene classifiers for endocrine-disrupting chemicals in zebrafish (danio rerio) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Gene classifiers; Endocrine-disrupting chemicals; Transcriptomics; Mechanism of action; Zebrafish ID GRAPHICAL SYSTEMS-MODEL; EXPRESSION SIGNATURES; CLASSIFICATION PROBLEMS; COMPLEXITY-MEASURES; BREAST-CANCER; SELECTION; PROFILES; ECOTOXICOLOGY; TOXICOLOGY; TISSUE AB Background: Development and application of transcriptomics-based gene classifiers for ecotoxicological applications lag far behind those of biomedical sciences. Many such classifiers discovered thus far lack vigorous statistical and experimental validations. A combination of genetic algorithm/support vector machines and genetic algorithm/K nearest neighbors was used in this study to search for classifiers of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in zebrafish. Searches were conducted on both tissue-specific and tissue-combined datasets, either across the entire transcriptome or within individual transcription factor (TF) networks previously linked to EDC effects. Candidate classifiers were evaluated by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) on both the original training data and a dedicated validation dataset. Results: Multi-tissue dataset yielded no classifiers. Among the 19 chemical-tissue conditions evaluated, the transcriptome-wide searches yielded classifiers for six of them, each having approximately 20 to 30 gene features unique to a condition. Searches within individual TF networks produced classifiers for 15 chemical-tissue conditions, each containing 100 or fewer top-ranked gene features pooled from those of multiple TF networks and also unique to each condition. For the training dataset, 10 out of 11 classifiers successfully identified the gene expression profiles (GEPs) of their targeted chemical-tissue conditions by GSEA. For the validation dataset, classifiers for prochloraz-ovary and flutamide-ovary also correctly identified the GEPs of corresponding conditions while no classifier could predict the GEP from prochloraz-brain. Conclusions: The discrepancies in the performance of these classifiers were attributed in part to varying data complexity among the conditions, as measured to some degree by Fisher's discriminant ratio statistic. This variation in data complexity could likely be compensated by adjusting sample size for individual chemical-tissue conditions, thus suggesting a need for a preliminary survey of transcriptomic responses before launching a full scale classifier discovery effort. Classifier discovery based on individual TF networks could yield more mechanistically-oriented biomarkers. GSEA proved to be a flexible and effective tool for application of gene classifiers but a similar and more refined algorithm, connectivity mapping, should also be explored. The distribution characteristics of classifiers across tissues, chemicals, and TF networks suggested a differential biological impact among the EDCs on zebrafish transcriptome involving some basic cellular functions. C1 [Wang, Rong-Lin; Bencic, David; Biales, Adam; Flick, Robert; Lazorchak, Jim] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Villeneuve, Daniel; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Wang, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wang.rong-lin@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU National Center for Computational Toxicology of the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA); Mid-Continent Ecology Division (National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory) in Duluth, MN, USA FX This work was supported in part by an award from the National Center for Computational Toxicology of the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) to the Ecological Exposure Research Division (National Exposure Research Laboratory) in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, and the Mid-Continent Ecology Division (National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory) in Duluth, MN, USA. The paper has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication as a U.S. EPA document. The authors wish to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their critiques of this manuscript. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 33 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 13 AR 358 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-13-358 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 022AD UT WOS:000309926400001 PM 22849515 ER PT J AU Hazari, MS Callaway, J Winsett, DW Lamb, C Haykal-Coates, N Krantz, QT King, C Costa, DL Farraj, AK AF Hazari, Mehdi S. Callaway, Justin Winsett, Darrell W. Lamb, Christina Haykal-Coates, Najwa Krantz, Q. Todd King, Charly Costa, Daniel L. Farraj, Aimen K. TI Dobutamine "Stress" Test and Latent Cardiac Susceptibility to Inhaled Diesel Exhaust in Normal and Hypertensive Rats SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; arrhythmia; cardiac; diesel exhaust; dobutamine; "stress" test ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; AIR-POLLUTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PARTICULATE MATTER; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SUDDEN-DEATH; SINUS NODE; EXERCISE; ASSOCIATION; RISK AB BACKGROUND: Exercise "stress" testing is a screening tool used to determine the amount of stress for which the heart can compensate before developing abnormal rhythm or ischemia, particularly in susceptible persons. Although this approach has been used to assess risk in humans exposed to air pollution, it has never been applied to rodent studies. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that a single exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) would increase the risk of adverse cardiac events such as arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia in rats undergoing a dobutamine challenge test, which can be used to mimic exercise-like stress. METHODS: Wistar-Kyoto normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats implanted with radiotelemeters and a chronic intravenous catheter were whole-body exposed to 150 mu g/m(3) DE for 4 hr. Increasing doses of dobutamine, a beta(1)-adrenergic agonist, were administered to conscious unrestrained rats 24 hr later to elicit the cardiac response observed during exercise while heart rate (HR) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were monitored. RESULTS: A single exposure to DE potentiated the HR response of WKY and SH rats during dobutamine challenge and prevented HR recovery at rest. During peak challenge, DE-exposed SH rats had lower overall HR variability when compared with controls, in addition to transient ST depression. All DE-exposed animals also had increased arrhythmias. CONCLUSIONS: These results are the first evidence that rats exhibit stress-induced cardiac dysrhythmia and ischemia sensitivity comparable to humans after a single exposure to a toxic air pollutant, particularly when in the presence of underlying cardiovascular disease. Thus, exposure to low concentrations of air pollution can impair the heart's ability to respond to stress and increase the risk of subsequent triggered dysfunction. C1 [Hazari, Mehdi S.; Winsett, Darrell W.; Krantz, Q. Todd; King, Charly; Farraj, Aimen K.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Callaway, Justin; Lamb, Christina; Costa, Daniel L.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Haykal-Coates, Najwa] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hazari, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 Alexander Dr,B105, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hazari.mehdi@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 120 IS 8 BP 1088 EP 1093 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104684 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 985JN UT WOS:000307260500018 PM 22543081 ER PT J AU Kim, SY Peel, JL Hannigan, MP Dutton, SJ Sheppard, L Clark, ML Vedal, S AF Kim, Sun-Young Peel, Jennifer L. Hannigan, Michael P. Dutton, Steven J. Sheppard, Lianne Clark, Maggie L. Vedal, Sverre TI The Temporal Lag Structure of Short-term Associations of Fine Particulate Matter Chemical Constituents and Cardiovascular and Respiratory Hospitalizations SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; cardiovascular disease; chemical constituent; hospital admission; particulate matter; respiratory disease; time-series study ID AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT ERROR; ORGANIC SPECIATED PM2.5; TIME-SERIES; DISTRIBUTED LAG; MORTALITY; DENVER; COMPONENTS; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: In air pollution time-series studies, the temporal pattern of the association of fine particulate matter (PM2.5; particulate matter <= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter) and health end points has been observed to vary by disease category. The lag pattern of PM2.5 chemical constituents has not been well investigated, largely because daily data have not been available. OBJECTIVES: We explored the lag structure for hospital admissions using daily PM2.5 chemical constituent data for 5 years in the Denver Aerosol Sources and Health (DASH) study. METHODS: We measured PM2.5 constituents, including elemental carbon, organic carbon, sulfate, and nitrate, at a central residential site from 2003 through 2007 and linked these daily pollution data to daily hospital admission counts in the five-county Denver metropolitan area. Total hospital admissions and subcategories of respiratory and cardiovascular admissions were examined. We assessed the lag structure of relative risks (RRs) of hospital admissions for PM2.5 and four constituents on the same day and from 1 to 14 previous days from a constrained distributed lag model; we adjusted for temperature, humidity, longer-term temporal trends, and day of week using a generalized additive model. RESULTS: RRs were generally larger at shorter lags for total cardiovascular admissions but at longer lags for total respiratory admissions. The delayed lag pattern was particularly prominent for asthma. Elemental and organic carbon generally showed more immediate patterns, whereas sulfate and nitrate showed delayed patterns. CONCLUSION: In general, PM2.5 chemical constituents were found to have more immediate estimated effects on cardiovascular diseases and more delayed estimated effects on respiratory diseases, depending somewhat on the constituent. C1 [Kim, Sun-Young; Sheppard, Lianne; Vedal, Sverre] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Peel, Jennifer L.; Clark, Maggie L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hannigan, Michael P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dutton, Steven J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sheppard, Lianne] Univ Washington, Dept Stat, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Kim, SY (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE,Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM puha0@uw.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES010197] FX This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01 ES010197). NR 34 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 36 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 120 IS 8 BP 1094 EP 1099 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104721 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 985JN UT WOS:000307260500019 PM 22609899 ER PT J AU Shukla, SJ Huang, RL Simmons, SO Tice, RR Witt, KL VanLeer, D Ramabhadran, R Austin, CP Xia, MH AF Shukla, Sunita J. Huang, Ruili Simmons, Steven O. Tice, Raymond R. Witt, Kristine L. VanLeer, Danielle Ramabhadran, Ram Austin, Christopher P. Xia, Menghang TI Profiling Environmental Chemicals for Activity in the Antioxidant Response Element Signaling Pathway Using a High Throughput Screening Approach SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE ARE; Nrf2; oxidative stress; qHTS; toxicity; Tox21 ID DNA-DAMAGE; IN-VITRO; BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; MEDIATED EXPRESSION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE; NRF2; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION AB BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases ranging from cancer to neurodegeneration, highlighting the need to identify chemicals that can induce this effect. The antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway plays an important role in the amelioration of oxidative stress. Thus, assays that detect the up-regulation of this pathway could be useful for identifying chemicals that induce oxidative stress. OBJECTIVES: We used cell-based reporter methods and informatics tools to efficiently screen a large collection of environmental chemicals and identify compounds that induce oxidative stress. METHODS: We utilized two cell-based ARE assay reporters, beta-lactamase and luciferase, to screen a U.S. National Toxicology Program 1,408-compound library (NTP 1408, which contains 1,340 unique compounds) for their ability to induce oxidative stress in HepG2 cells using quantitative high throughput screening (qHTS). RESULTS: Roughly 3% (34 of 1,340) of the unique compounds demonstrated activity across both cell-based assays. Based on biological activity and structure activity relationship profiles, we selected 50 compounds for retesting in the two ARE assays and in an additional follow-up assay that employed a mutated ARE linked to beta-lactamase. Using this strategy, we identified 30 compounds that demonstrated activity in the ARE-bla and ARE-Inc assays and were able to determine structural features conferring compound activity across assays. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the robustness of using two different cell-based approaches for identifying compounds that induce ARE signaling. Together, these methods are useful for prioritizing chemicals for further in-depth mechanism-based toxicity testing. C1 [Shukla, Sunita J.; Huang, Ruili; VanLeer, Danielle; Austin, Christopher P.; Xia, Menghang] NIH, NIH Chem Genom Ctr, US Dept HHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Simmons, Steven O.; Ramabhadran, Ram] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tice, Raymond R.; Witt, Kristine L.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Xia, MH (reprint author), NIH, NIH Chem Genom Ctr, 9800 Med Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mxia@mail.nih.gov OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, as well as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 25 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 120 IS 8 BP 1150 EP 1156 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104709 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 985JN UT WOS:000307260500027 PM 22551509 ER PT J AU Wise, A Parham, F Axelrad, DA Guyton, KZ Portier, C Zeise, L Zoeller, RT Woodruff, TJ AF Wise, Amber Parham, Fred Axelrad, Daniel A. Guyton, Kathryn Z. Portier, Christopher Zeise, Lauren Zoeller, R. Thomas Woodruff, Tracey J. TI Upstream adverse effects in risk assessment: A model of polychlorinated biphenyls, thyroid hormone disruption and neurological outcomes in humans SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Environmental chemical exposure; Neurodevelopmental outcomes; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Quantitative risk assessment; Thyroid hormone ID MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; PCB EXPOSURE; STIMULATING HORMONE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; SCHOOL-AGE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; MATERNAL HYPOTHYROXINEMIA AB Background: Increasing data on early biological changes from chemical exposures requires new interpretation tools to support decision-making. Objectives: To test the possibility of applying a quantitative approach using human data linking chemical exposures and upstream biological perturbations to overt downstream outcomes. Methods: Using polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposures and maternal thyroid hormone (TH) perturbations as a case study, we model three relationships: (1) prenatal PCB exposures and TH changes, using free T-4 (FT4); (2) prenatal TH and childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes; and (3) prenatal PCB exposures and childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes (IQ). We surveyed the epidemiological literature; extracted relevant quantitative data; and developed models for each relationship, applying meta-analysis where appropriate. Results: For relationship 1, a meta-analysis of 3 studies gives a coefficient of -0.27 pg/mL FL4 per In(sum of PCBs) (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.82 to 0.27). For relationship 2, regression coefficients from three studies of maternal FT4 levels and cognitive scores ranged between 0.99 IQ points/(pg/mL FT4) (95% Cl -0.31 to 2.2) and 7.6 points/(pg/mL FT4) (95% Cl 1.2 to 16.3). For relationship 3, a meta-analysis of five studies produces a coefficient of -1.98 IQ points (95% Cl -4.46 to 0.50) per unit increase in In(sum of PCBs). Combining relationships 1 and 2 yields an estimate of -2.0 to 0.27 points of IQ per unit increase in ln(sum of PCBs). Conclusions: Combining analysis of chemical exposures and early biological perturbations (PCBs and FL4) with analysis of early biological perturbations and downstream overt effects (FT4 and IQ) yields estimates within the range of studies of exposures and overt effects (PCBs and IQ). This is an example approach using upstream biological perturbations for effect prediction. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wise, Amber; Woodruff, Tracey J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Parham, Fred; Portier, Christopher] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Axelrad, Daniel A.] US EPA, Off Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Guyton, Kathryn Z.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Zeise, Lauren] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA USA. [Zoeller, R. Thomas] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Woodruff, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, 330 Broadway St,Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM woodrufft@obgyn.ucsf.edu RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010 OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279 FU USEPA [EP08h001138]; NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This research was supported under USEPA contract #EP08h001138 and [in part] by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 85 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 117 BP 90 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2012.05.013 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 994EE UT WOS:000307912900012 PM 22770859 ER PT J AU Templer, PH Mack, MC Chapin, FS Christenson, LM Compton, JE Crook, HD Currie, WS Curtis, CJ Dail, DB D'Antonio, CM Emmett, BA Epstein, HE Goodale, CL Gundersen, P Hobbie, SE Holland, K Hooper, DU Hungate, BA Lamontagne, S Nadelhoffer, KJ Osenberg, CW Perakis, SS Schleppi, P Schimel, J Schmidt, IK Sommerkorn, M Spoelstra, J Tietema, A Wessel, WW Zak, DR AF Templer, P. H. Mack, M. C. Chapin, F. S., III Christenson, L. M. Compton, J. E. Crook, H. D. Currie, W. S. Curtis, C. J. Dail, D. B. D'Antonio, C. M. Emmett, B. A. Epstein, H. E. Goodale, C. L. Gundersen, P. Hobbie, S. E. Holland, K. Hooper, D. U. Hungate, B. A. Lamontagne, S. Nadelhoffer, K. J. Osenberg, C. W. Perakis, S. S. Schleppi, P. Schimel, J. Schmidt, I. K. Sommerkorn, M. Spoelstra, J. Tietema, A. Wessel, W. W. Zak, D. R. TI Sinks for nitrogen inputs in terrestrial ecosystems: a meta-analysis of N-15 tracer field studies SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric nitrogen deposition; carbon storage; data synthesis; meta-analysis; nitrogen retention and loss; stable isotopes ID TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; ABIOTIC IMMOBILIZATION; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; SOIL CARBON; INORGANIC NITROGEN; ORGANIC-MATTER; FERROUS WHEEL; N SATURATION; OAK FOREST; DEPOSITION AB Effects of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition and the ability of terrestrial ecosystems to store carbon (C) depend in part on the amount of N retained in the system and its partitioning among plant and soil pools. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies at 48 sites across four continents that used enriched N-15 isotope tracers in order to synthesize information about total ecosystem N retention (i.e., total ecosystem N-15 recovery in plant and soil pools) across natural systems and N partitioning among ecosystem pools. The greatest recoveries of ecosystem N-15 tracer occurred in shrublands (mean, 89.5%) and wetlands (84.8%) followed by forests (74.9%) and grasslands (51.8%). In the short term (<1 week after N-15 tracer application), total ecosystem N-15 recovery was negatively correlated with fine-root and soil N-15 natural abundance, and organic soil C and N concentration but was positively correlated with mean annual temperature and mineral soil C:N. In the longer term (3-18 months after N-15 tracer application), total ecosystem N-15 retention was negatively correlated with foliar natural-abundance N-15 but was positively correlated with mineral soil C and N concentration and C:N, showing that plant and soil natural-abundance N-15 and soil C:N are good indicators of total ecosystem N retention. Foliar N concentration was not significantly related to ecosystem N-15 tracer recovery, suggesting that plant N status is not a good predictor of total ecosystem N retention. Because the largest ecosystem sinks for N-15 tracer were below ground in forests, shrublands, and grasslands, we conclude that growth enhancement and potential for increased C storage in aboveground biomass from atmospheric N deposition is likely to be modest in these ecosystems. Total ecosystem N-15 recovery decreased with N fertilization, with an apparent threshold fertilization rate of 46 kg N.ha(-1).yr(-1) above which most ecosystems showed net losses of applied N-15 tracer in response to N fertilizer addition. C1 [Templer, P. H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Mack, M. C.; Osenberg, C. W.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chapin, F. S., III] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Christenson, L. M.] Vassar Coll, Dept Biol, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. [Compton, J. E.] US EPA, ORD NHEERL WED, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Crook, H. D.] NERC, Swindon SN2 1EU, Wilts, England. [Currie, W. S.; Zak, D. R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Curtis, C. J.] UCL, Dept Geog, Environm Change Res Ctr, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Dail, D. B.] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [D'Antonio, C. M.; Schimel, J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Emmett, B. A.] Environm Ctr Wales, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Epstein, H. E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Goodale, C. L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gundersen, P.; Schmidt, I. K.] Univ Copenhagen, Forest & Landscape Denmark, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Hobbie, S. E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Holland, K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hooper, D. U.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Hungate, B. A.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Hungate, B. A.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Lamontagne, S.] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Nadelhoffer, K. J.; Zak, D. R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Perakis, S. S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schleppi, P.] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Sommerkorn, M.] James Hutton Inst, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, Scotland. [Spoelstra, J.] Environm Canada, Groundwater Qual & Assessment Sect, Natl Water Res Inst, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Spoelstra, J.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Tietema, A.; Wessel, W. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Templer, PH (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM ptempler@bu.edu RI Emmett, Bridget/D-6199-2011; Curtis, Christopher/A-1768-2013; Hungate, Bruce/F-8991-2011; Lamontagne, Sebastien/E-9503-2011; Schleppi, Patrick/E-6751-2011; Osenberg, Craig/M-9904-2013; Gundersen, Per/B-2192-2008; Schmidt, Inger /A-6230-2015; OI Emmett, Bridget/0000-0002-2713-4389; Curtis, Christopher/0000-0002-6597-2172; Hungate, Bruce/0000-0002-7337-1887; Lamontagne, Sebastien/0000-0002-8359-8284; Schleppi, Patrick/0000-0002-3578-6563; Gundersen, Per/0000-0002-9199-4033; Schmidt, Inger /0000-0003-3880-2060; Chapin III, F Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910 FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; National Science Foundation [EF-0553768]; University of California-Santa Barbara; State of California FX We thank Gail Stichler, Leslie Allfree, and the rest of the staff at NCEAS for their help in planning each of our workshops. We thank Lindsey Rustad and Tracey Walls for their helpful feedback and ideas about meta-analyses. We also thank Jill Baron, Scott Holub, Stephanie Juice, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on drafts of the manuscript. This work was conducted as a part of the "Fate of Nitrogen Inputs in Terrestrial Ecosystems'' Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant #EF-0553768), the University of California-Santa Barbara, and the State of California. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 19 U2 334 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 93 IS 8 BP 1816 EP 1829 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 984TF UT WOS:000307214000008 PM 22928411 ER PT J AU Forte, R Ryan, JV Johnson, TP Kariher, PH AF Forte, Reynaldo, Jr. Ryan, Jeffrey V. Johnson, Travis P. Kariher, Peter H. TI The United States Environmental Protection Agency's Mercury Measurement Toolkit: An Introduction SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID FIRED POWER-PLANTS; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; CONTROL DEVICES; COAL; SPECIATION; METHYLMERCURY; COMBUSTION; CHILDREN; REMOVAL; IMPACT AB This paper summarizes the key characteristics of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA's) Mercury Measurement Toolkit and the experiences using it to develop emission factors for coal-fired power plants in China, Russia, and South Africa. The U.S. EPA developed and tested a portable mercury sampling and analytical laboratory (the U.S. EPA's Mercury Measurement Toolkit). The U.S. EPA's Mercury Measurement Toolkit is designed to efficiently and economically determine speciated mercury emissions on site at coal-fired facilities. The U.S. EPA, working with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and in-country experts, used the U.S. EPA's Mercury Measurement Toolkit to develop accurate, timely, reliable, and economical mercury measurements. The measurements, when paired with facility operating information (e.g., fuel usage and heat content), were used to calculate mercury emission rates and mass emissions. Additional analyses of solids (e.g., coal and fly ash) yielded estimates of pollution control equipment efficiencies. The U.S. EPA's Mercury Measurement Toolkit may greatly enhance comprehensive emission inventory development by reducing the time and cost of conducting unit level mercury emissions testing. C1 [Forte, Reynaldo, Jr.; Johnson, Travis P.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Ryan, Jeffrey V.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kariher, Peter H.] ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RP Forte, R (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW 604J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM forte.reynaldo@epa.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD AUG PY 2012 VL 26 IS 8 BP 4643 EP 4646 DI 10.1021/ef3001949 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 988ME UT WOS:000307494300004 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Green chemistry with nanocatalysts SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD AUG PY 2012 VL 14 IS 4 BP 513 EP 520 DI 10.1007/s10098-012-0507-0 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 981FF UT WOS:000306951600003 ER PT J AU McDonnell, WF Stewart, PW Smith, MV Kim, CS Schelegle, ES AF McDonnell, William F. Stewart, Paul W. Smith, Marjo V. Kim, Chong S. Schelegle, Edward S. TI Prediction of lung function response for populations exposed to a wide range of ozone conditions SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ozone; lung function; exposure-response; air pollution; risk assessment; model evaluation ID PULMONARY-FUNCTION CHANGES; TRIANGULAR PROFILES; SQUARE-WAVE; PPM OZONE; 6.6-HOUR EXPOSURES; EXERCISE; HUMANS; MODEL; VENTILATION; CHAMBER AB Context: A human exposure-response (E-R) model previously demonstrated to accurately predict population mean FEV1 response to ozone exposure has been proposed as the foundation for future risk assessments for ambient ozone. Objective: Fit the original and related models to a larger data set with a wider range of exposure conditions and assess agreement between observed and population mean predicted values. Materials and methods: Existing individual E-R data for 23 human controlled ozone exposure studies with a wide range of concentrations, activity levels, and exposure patterns have been obtained. The data were fit to the original model and to a version of the model that contains a threshold below which no response occurs using a statistical program for fitting nonlinear mixed models. Results: Mean predicted FEV1 responses and the predicted proportions of individuals experiencing FEV1 responses greater than 10, 15, and 20% were found to be in agreement with observed responses across a wide range of exposure conditions for both models. The threshold model, however, provided a better fit to the data than the original, particularly at the lowest levels of exposure. Conclusion: The models identified in this manuscript predict population FEV1 response characteristics for 18-35-year-old individuals exposed to ozone over a wide range of conditions and represent a substantial improvement over earlier E-R models. Because of its better fit to the data, particularly at low levels of exposure, the threshold model is likely to provide more accurate estimates of risk in future risk assessments of ozone-induced FEV1 effects. C1 [McDonnell, William F.] William F McDonnell Consulting, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Stewart, Paul W.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Smith, Marjo V.] SRA Int, Durham, NC USA. [Kim, Chong S.] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Schelegle, Edward S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP McDonnell, WF (reprint author), 1207 Hillview Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM McDonnell.William@Earthlink.Net FU American Petroleum Institute; United States Environmental Protection Agency; American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C. FX Dr. McDonnell and Dr. Stewart conducted this modeling research under contract to American Petroleum Institute, and Dr. Schelegle has received funding from American Petroleum Institute to conduct other research to assess the effects of ozone on lung function in humans and to develop ozone exposure-response models in the recent past. Dr. Smith and Dr. Kim have no potential conflicts of interest. American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C. provided funding for this modeling effort. Although the research described in this article has been supported in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 12 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 24 IS 10 BP 619 EP 633 DI 10.3109/08958378.2012.705919 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 994AN UT WOS:000307903200001 PM 22906168 ER PT J AU Meyer, ML Potts-Kant, EN Ghio, AJ Fischer, BM Foster, WM Voynow, JA AF Meyer, Marisa L. Potts-Kant, Erin N. Ghio, Andrew J. Fischer, Bernard M. Foster, W. Michael Voynow, Judith A. TI NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 regulates neutrophil elastase-induced mucous cell metaplasia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neutrophil elastase; inflammation ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; GENE-EXPRESSION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NAD(P)H-QUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE-1; AIRWAY EPITHELIUM; MUCIN PRODUCTION; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; ALLERGIC-ASTHMA; MESSENGER-RNA AB Meyer ML, Potts-Kant EN, Ghio AJ, Fischer BM, Foster WM, Voynow JA. NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 regulates neutrophil elastase-induced mucous cell metaplasia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 303: L181-L188, 2012. First published June 1, 2012; doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00084.2012.-Mucous cell metaplasia (MCM) and neutrophil-predominant airway inflammation are pathological features of chronic inflammatory airway diseases. A signature feature of MCM is increased expression of a major respiratory tract mucin, MUC5AC. Neutrophil elastase (NE) upregulates MUC5AC in primary airway epithelial cells by generating reactive oxygen species, and this response is due in part to upregulation of NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) activity. Delivery of NE directly to the airway triggers inflammation and MCM and increases synthesis and secretion of MUC5AC protein from airway epithelial cells. We hypothesized that NE-induced MCM is mediated in vivo by NQO1. Male wild-type and Nqo1-null mice (C57BL/6 background) were exposed to human NE (50 mu g) or vehicle via oropharyngeal aspiration on days 1, 4, and 7. On days 8 and 11, lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were obtained and evaluated for MCM, inflammation, and oxidative stress. MCM, inflammation, and production of specific cytokines, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, interleukin-4, and interleukin-5 were diminished in NE-treated Nqo1-null mice compared with NE-treated wild-type mice. However, in contrast to the role of NQO1 in vitro, we demonstrate that NE-treated Nqo1-null mice had greater levels of BAL and lung tissue lipid carbonyls and greater BAL iron on day 11, all consistent with increased oxidative stress. NQO1 is required for NE-induced inflammation and MCM. This model system demonstrates that NE-induced MCM directly correlates with inflammation, but not with oxidative stress. C1 [Voynow, Judith A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Pulm & Sleep Med, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Potts-Kant, Erin N.; Foster, W. Michael] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Voynow, JA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Pulm & Sleep Med, Dept Pediat, Box 102360, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM voyno001@mc.duke.edu FU Duke Children's Miracle Network Grant; National Institutes of Health [T32HL098099, R01HL082504, R01ES016347] FX This work was supported by Duke Children's Miracle Network Grant and National Institutes of Health Grants T32HL098099 (M. L. Meyer), R01HL082504 (J. A. Voynow), and R01ES016347 (W. M. Foster). NR 56 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1040-0605 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-LUNG C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 303 IS 3 BP L181 EP L188 DI 10.1152/ajplung.00084.2012 PG 8 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA 984VH UT WOS:000307220000002 PM 22659878 ER PT J AU Herrington, JS Hays, MD AF Herrington, Jason S. Hays, Michael D. TI Concerns regarding 24-h sampling for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-coated solid sorbents SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH); Formaldehyde; Acetaldehyde; Acrolein; Solid sorbents ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; AIR SAMPLES; COLLECTION EFFICIENCIES; CHEMICAL INTERFERENCES; UNSATURATED CARBONYLS; HYDRAZINE REAGENTS; AIRBORNE ACROLEIN AB There is high demand for accurate and reliable airborne carbonyl measurement methods due to the human and environmental health impacts of carbonyls and their effects on atmospheric chemistry. Standardized 2,4-dinitrophenyihydrazine (DNPH)-based sampling methods are frequently applied for measuring gaseous carbonyls in the atmospheric environment. However, there are multiple shortcomings associated with these methods that detract from an accurate understanding of carbonyl-related exposure, health effects, and atmospheric chemistry. The purpose of this brief technical communication is to highlight these method challenges and their influence on national ambient monitoring networks, and to provide a logical path forward for accurate carbonyl measurement. This manuscript focuses on three specific carbonyl compounds of high toxicological-interest formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein. Further method testing and development, the revision of standardized methods, and the plausibility of introducing novel technology for these carbonyls are considered elements of the path forward. The consolidation of this information is important because it seems clear that carbonyl data produced utilizing DNPH-based methods are being reported without acknowledgment of the method short-comings or how to best address them. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Herrington, Jason S.; Hays, Michael D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,E343-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hays.michael@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 NR 60 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 55 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.088 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 980CE UT WOS:000306870400024 ER PT J AU Khan, MY Johnson, KC Durbin, TD Jung, H Cocker, DR Bishnu, D Giannelli, R AF Khan, M. Yusuf Johnson, Kent C. Durbin, Thomas D. Jung, Heejung Cocker, David R., III Bishnu, Dipak Giannelli, Robert TI Characterization of PM-PEMS for in-use measurements conducted during validation testing for the PM-PEMS measurement allowance program SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE PM-PEMS; Diesel particulate matter; Quartz crystal microbalance; Photo-acoustic; Regneration; Non-regeneration; Size distribution ID THERMODYNAMIC-EQUILIBRIUM MODEL; DIESEL-ENGINES; MEASURING EMISSIONS; MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS; PARTICLES; ISORROPIA; AEROSOLS AB This study provides an evaluation of the latest Particulate Matter-Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PM-PEMS) under different environmental and in-use conditions. It characterizes four PM measurement systems based on different measurement principles. At least three different units were tested for each PM-PEMS to account for variability. These PM-PEMS were compared with a UC Riverside's mobile reference laboratory (MEL). PM measurements were made from a class 8 truck with a 2008 Cummins diesel engine with a diesel particulate filter (DPF). A bypass around the DPF was installed in the exhaust to achieve a brake specific PM (bsPM) emissions level of 25 mg hp(-1) h(-1). PM was dominated by elemental carbon (EC) during non-regeneration conditions and by hydrated sulfate (H2SO4 center dot 6H(2)O) during regeneration. The photo-acoustic PM-PEMS performed best, with a linear regression slope of 0.90 and R-2 of 0.88 during non-regenerative conditions. With the addition of a filter, the photo-acoustic PM-PEMS slightly over reported than the total PM mass (slope = 1.10, R-2 = 0.87). Under these same non-regeneration conditions, a PM-PEMS equipped with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technology performed the poorest, and had a slope of 0.22 and R-2 of 0.13. Re-tests performed on upgraded QCM PM-PEMS showed a better slope (0.66), and a higher R-2 of 0.25. In the case of DPF regeneration, all PM-PEMS performed poorly, with the best having a slope of 020 and R-2 of 0.78. Particle size distributions (PSD) showed nucleation during regeneration, with a shift of particle size to smaller diameters (similar to 64 nm to similar to 13 nm) with elevated number concentrations when compared to non-regeneration conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Khan, M. Yusuf; Johnson, Kent C.; Durbin, Thomas D.; Jung, Heejung; Cocker, David R., III] Univ Calif Riverside, CERT, CE, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Bishnu, Dipak] CARB, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Giannelli, Robert] US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Johnson, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, CERT, CE, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM kjohnson@cert.ucr.edu RI Cocker, David/F-4442-2010; OI Cocker, David/0000-0002-0586-0769; Jung, Heejung/0000-0003-0366-7284 FU California Air Resources Board (CARB); US EPA; Engine Manufacturer's Association (EMA) FX The California Air Resources Board (CARB), US EPA, and Engine Manufacturer's Association (EMA) funded this work. The authors acknowledge the support of the Measurement Allowance Steering Committee (MASC) for assistance in developing and carrying out this program. The authors acknowledge Sensors Inc., and AVL for providing the PM-PEMS as an in-kind contributions. We also acknowledge Cummins for their engineering assistance on controlling the regenerations and managing DPF soot levels. Lastly, we acknowledge Mr. Donald Pacocha and Mr. Joe Valdez, University of California at Riverside, for their contribution in setting up and executing this field project, the data collection and quality control. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 55 BP 311 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.03.004 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 980CE UT WOS:000306870400041 ER PT J AU Barrett, WM van Baten, J AF Barrett, William M., Jr. van Baten, Jasper TI Evaluating Process Sustainability Using Flowsheet Monitoring SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CAPE-OPEN; Flow sheet monitoring; Process simulation; Sustainability metrics; WAR algorithm ID REDUCTION WAR ALGORITHM; CHEMICAL-PROCESS SIMULATORS; LIFE-CYCLE; POLLUTION PREVENTION; DESIGN AB Environmental metric software can be used to evaluate the sustainability of a chemical based on data from the chemical process that is used to manufacture it. One problem in developing environmental metric software is that chemical process simulation packages typically do not make process flow data available via a mechanism that can be readily accessed by other software packages. While there have been past attempts to develop software that performs environmental sustainability calculations using process simulators, there is no standardized approach for obtaining the process information required to calculate metrics. This paper proposes a standardized mechanism for obtaining process information directly from a process simulation using a strongly integrated interface set, called flowsheet monitoring. The flowsheet monitoring interface provides read-only access to the thermodynamics, unit operations and streams within the process model, and can be used to obtain the material flow data directly from the simulation. This material flow data can then be used to calculate process-based environmental metrics. C1 [Barrett, William M., Jr.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. AmsterCHEM, Las Rozas Cuevas Del Alm, Almeria, Spain. RP Barrett, WM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM barrett.williamm@epa.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0930-7516 J9 CHEM ENG TECHNOL JI Chem. Eng. Technol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 35 IS 8 SI SI BP 1405 EP 1411 DI 10.1002/ceat.201100603 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 979GY UT WOS:000306806700012 ER PT J AU Ross, JA Leavitt, SA AF Ross, Jeffrey A. Leavitt, Sharon A. TI Response to commentary: "Re-evaluation of the Big Blue (R) mouse assay of propiconazole suggests lack of mutagenicity" SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Letter ID MUTATIONAL SPECTRA; TRANSGENIC MICE; CPG CONTENT; IN-VIVO; CANCER C1 [Ross, Jeffrey A.; Leavitt, Sharon A.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Ross, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Ross.Jeffrey@epamail.epa.gov RI Ross, Jeffrey/E-4782-2010 OI Ross, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7002-4548 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 53 IS 7 BP 574 EP 577 DI 10.1002/em.21720 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 986RQ UT WOS:000307362500011 PM 22829338 ER PT J AU Nonnenmann, MW Coronado, G Thompson, B Griffith, WC Hanson, JD Vesper, S Faustman, EM AF Nonnenmann, Matthew W. Coronado, Gloria Thompson, Beti Griffith, William C. Hanson, John Delton Vesper, Stephen Faustman, Elaine M. TI Utilizing pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR to characterize fungal populations among house dust samples SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; FARMWORKERS; CHILDREN; COMMUNITIES; EXPOSURE; FECES; RDNA AB Molecular techniques are an alternative to culturing and counting methods in quantifying indoor fungal contamination. Pyrosequencing offers the possibility of identifying unexpected indoor fungi. In this study, 50 house dust samples were collected from homes in the Yakima Valley, WA. Each sample was analyzed by quantitative PCR (QPCR) for 36 common fungi and by fungal tag-encoded flexible (FLX) amplicon pyrosequencing (fTEFAP) for these and additional fungi. Only 24 of the samples yielded amplified results using fTEFAP but QPCR successfully amplified all 50 samples. Over 450 fungal species were detected by fTEFAP but most were rare. Twenty-two fungi were found by fTEFAP to occur with at least an average of >= 0.5% relative occurrence. Many of these fungi seem to be associated with plants, soil or human skin. Combining fTEFAP and QPCR can enhance studies of fungal contamination in homes. C1 [Nonnenmann, Matthew W.] Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Coronado, Gloria] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR 97227 USA. [Thompson, Beti] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Program Canc Prevent, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Griffith, William C.; Faustman, Elaine M.] Univ Washington, Inst Risk Anal & Risk Commun, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hanson, John Delton] Res & Testing Lab, Lubbock, TX 79416 USA. [Vesper, Stephen] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Nonnenmann, MW (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM matthew-nonnenmann@uiowa.edu OI Faustman, Elaine/0000-0002-3085-6403; Nonnenmann, Matthew/0000-0001-8920-1877 FU National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National institute of Child Health and Human Development; US EPA [RD-83273301, 2W-2296-NATA]; NIEHS [RD-83170901, ES-09601]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN267200700023C] FX The authors of this study thank the study participants who supplied the samples, and the National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National institute of Child Health and Human Development for the funding. Also, the US EPA and NIEHS funded Center for Children's Environmental Health Risks Research (RD-83170901, ES-09601). US EPA Biomarkers grant (RD-83273301) and contract (2W-2296-NATA). National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract no. HHSN267200700023C. Finally, the authors would like to thank Debra Cherry, MD, Associate Professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler for her initial contributions to the study. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 37 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 14 IS 8 BP 2038 EP 2043 DI 10.1039/c2em30229b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 979WD UT WOS:000306852100002 PM 22767010 ER PT J AU Schaeffer, BA Kurtz, JC Hein, MK AF Schaeffer, Blake A. Kurtz, Janis C. Hein, Michael K. TI Phytoplankton community composition in nearshore coastal waters of Louisiana SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Phytoplankton; Taxonomy; Louisiana; Hypoxia; Gulf of Mexico; Harmful algae ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; NORTH-CAROLINA; EUTROPHICATION; PRODUCTIVITY; SHELF; VARIABILITY; NUTRIENTS; PIGMENTS AB Phytoplankton community compositions within near-shore coastal and estuarine waters of Louisiana were characterized by group diversity, evenness, relative abundance and biovolume. Sixty-six taxa were identified in addition to eight potentially harmful algal genera including Gymnodinium sp. Phytoplankton group diversity was lowest at Vermillion Bay in February 2008, but otherwise ranged between 2.16 and 3.40. Phytoplankton evenness was also lowest at Vermillion Bay in February 2008, but otherwise ranged between 0.54 and 0.77. Dissolved oxygen increased with increased biovolume (R-2 = 0.85, p < 0.001) and biovolume decreased with increased light attenuation (R-2 = 0.34, p = 0.007), which supported the importance of light in regulating oxygen dynamics. Diatoms were dominant in relative abundance and biovolume at almost all stations and all cruises. Brunt-Vaisala frequency was used as a measure of water column stratification and was negatively correlated (p = 0.02) to diatom relative percent total abundance. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schaeffer, Blake A.; Kurtz, Janis C.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Hein, Michael K.] Water & Air Res Inc, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Schaeffer, BA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM schaeffer.blake@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This study has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been reviewed and approved for publication by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products do not constitute endorsement by the US EPA. This is contribution number 1440 from the Gulf Ecology Division. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We acknowledge Alex Almario, David Beddick, Christopher Main (SSC), Roman Stanley, and Bob Quarles for assisting in sample collection, Jessica Aukamp for planning logistics, George Craven for boat operations, and Diane Yates for managing the database. We thank Antoinetta Quigg at Texas A&M Department of Marine Biology for her comments. Finally, we thank the anonymous reviewer for their critical comments. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 64 IS 8 BP 1705 EP 1712 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.03.017 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 988LP UT WOS:000307492800035 PM 22498318 ER PT J AU Fox, DA Lucchini, R Aschner, M Chen, JY Anger, WK Kim, EA Boyes, WK Llorens, J AF Fox, Donald A. Lucchini, Roberto Aschner, Michael Chen, Jingyuan Anger, W. K. Kim, Eun A. Boyes, William K. Llorens, Jordi TI Local effects and global impact in neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration: The Xi'an International Neurotoxicology Conference SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Neurotoxicology; International Neurotoxicology Association; International Commission on Occupational; Health; China C1 [Llorens, Jordi] Univ Barcelona, Dept Ciencies Fisiol 2, Lhospitalet De Llobregat, Spain. [Fox, Donald A.] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Houston, TX USA. [Lucchini, Roberto] Univ Brescia, I-25121 Brescia, Italy. [Lucchini, Roberto] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Aschner, Michael] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. [Chen, Jingyuan] 4th Mil Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Xian, Peoples R China. [Anger, W. K.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Kim, Eun A.] Korea Occupat Safety & Hlth Agcy, Occupat Safety & Hlth Res Inst, Inchon, South Korea. [Boyes, William K.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Llorens, Jordi] IDIBELL, Inst Invest Biomed Bellvitge, Lhospitalet De Llobregat, Spain. RP Llorens, J (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Ciencies Fisiol 2, Lhospitalet De Llobregat, Spain. EM jllorens@ub.edu RI Llorens, Jordi/A-6959-2008; OI Llorens, Jordi/0000-0002-3894-9401; Lucchini, Roberto/0000-0002-9723-0237 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 629 EP 630 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.05.007 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 990FU UT WOS:000307617200002 PM 22609194 ER PT J AU Anger, WK Boyes, WK AF Anger, W. Kent Boyes, William K. TI A brief history of INA and ICOH SCNP: International Neurotoxicology Association and International Congress on Occupational Health Scientific Committee on Neurotoxicology and Psychophysiology SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neurotoxicology; Behavioral neurotoxicology; Behavioral toxicology; ICOH; ICOH SCNP; INA AB Two international scientific societies dedicated to research in neurotoxicology and neurobehavioral toxicology are the International Neurotoxicology Association (INA) and the International Congress on Occupational Health International Scientific Committee on Neurotoxicology and Psychophysiology (ICOH SCNP). From June 5-10, 2011 these two societies held a joint conference in Xi'an China entitled the Xi'an International Neurotoxicology Conference, Neurotoxicity and Neurodegeneration: Local Effect and Global Impact. At the conference two featured talks presented a brief history of the two societies. This article is a synthesis and expansion of those two presentations. The history of INA and ICOH SCNP is described in relation to the antecedent events leading to the formation of the two societies, their parallel developments, the nature of the societies and their scientific conferences, and a brief description of some of their accomplishments. Together, the historical development of these two societies is an important component of the development of the scientific discipline of neurotoxicology. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Anger, W. Kent] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Boyes, William K.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Anger, WK (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, 4181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L606, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM anger@ohsu.edu; boyes.william@epa.gov NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 631 EP 640 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.03.012 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 990FU UT WOS:000307617200003 PM 22507949 ER PT J AU Li, AA Levine, TE Burns, CJ Anger, WK AF Li, Abby A. Levine, Tina E. Burns, Carol J. Anger, W. Kent TI Integration of epidemiology and animal neurotoxicity data for risk assessment SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlorpyrifos; Pesticides; Organophosphates; Neurotoxicity; Epidemiology; Risk assessment ID ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; INNER-CITY CHILDREN; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; CHLORPYRIFOS EXPOSURE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDE; COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; CANCER-EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMAN RELEVANCE AB Most human health risk assessments are based on animal studies that can be conducted under conditions where exposure to multiple doses of a single chemical can be controlled. Data from epidemiology studies also provide valuable information about human exposure and response to pesticides. Human studies have the potential of evaluating neurobehavioral and other outcomes that may be more difficult to evaluate in animals. The human data together with animal data can contribute to a weight-of-evidence analysis in the characterization of human health risks. Epidemiology data do, however, pose challenges with respect to characterizing human health risks. Similarly, animal data at high doses or routes of exposure not typical for humans also pose challenges to dose-response evaluations needed for risk assessments. This paper summarizes some of the presentations given at a symposium held at the Xi'an, China, International Neurotoxicology Conference held in June 2011. This symposium brought together scientists from government, industry and academia to discuss approaches to evaluating and conducting animal and human neurotoxicity studies for risk assessment purposes, using the pesticides paraquat and chlorpyrifos as case studies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Abby A.] Exponent Hlth Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Levine, Tina E.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Burns, Carol J.] Dow Chem Co USA, Epidemiol, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Anger, W. Kent] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. RP Li, AA (reprint author), Exponent Hlth Sci, 149 Commonwealth Dr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM abbyli@exponent.com; tinaelevine@gmail.com FU NIH [R01 ES016308] FX NIH R01 ES016308 (W Kent Anger & Pamela J Lein, MPI). NR 73 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 823 EP 832 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.01.013 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 990FU UT WOS:000307617200028 PM 22327016 ER PT J AU Lucchini, RG Dorman, DC Elder, A Veronesi, B AF Lucchini, R. G. Dorman, D. C. Elder, A. Veronesi, B. TI Neurological impacts from inhalation of pollutants and the nose-brain connection SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Neurotoxicity; Olfactory tract ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AIR-POLLUTION; RAT-BRAIN; OLFACTORY PATHWAY; MANGANESE; PARTICLES; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; MICE; TRANSPORT AB The effects of inhaled particles have focused heavily on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Most studies have focused on inhaled metals, whereas less information is available for other particle types regarding the effects on the brain and other extra-pulmonary organs. We review here the key available literature on nanoparticle uptake and transport through the olfactory pathway, the experimental data from animal and in vitro studies, and human epidemiological observations. Nanoparticles (<0.1 mu m in one dimension) may easily reach the brain from the respiratory tract via sensory neurons and transport from the distal alveoli into the blood or lymph as free particles or inside phagocytic cells. These mechanisms and subsequent biologic responses may be influenced by the chemical composition of inhaled particles. Animal studies with ambient particulate matter and certain other particles show alterations in neuro-inflammatory markers of oxidative stress and central neurodegeneration. Human observations indicate motor, cognitive, and behavioral changes especially after particulate metal exposure in children. Exposure to co-pollutants and/or underlying disease states could also impact both the biokinetics and effects of airborne particles in the brain. Data are needed from the areas of inhalation, neurology, and metal toxicology in experimental and human studies after inhalation exposure. An increased understanding of the neurotoxicity associated with air pollution exposure is critical to protect susceptible individuals in the workplace and the general population. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lucchini, R. G.] Univ Brescia, Sect Occupat Hlth, Dept Expt & Appl Med, I-25123 Brescia, Italy. [Dorman, D. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC USA. [Elder, A.] Univ Rochester, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Veronesi, B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Lucchini, RG (reprint author), Univ Brescia, Sect Occupat Hlth, Dept Expt & Appl Med, Ple Spedali Civili 1, I-25123 Brescia, Italy. EM lucchini@med.unibs.it OI Lucchini, Roberto/0000-0002-9723-0237 FU European Union [FOOD-CT-2006- 016253]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R01ES019222]; National Institutes of Health [R01CA134218, RC2ESO18741, P30ESO1247] FX RL research is supported by funding from the European Union through its Sixth Framework Program for RID (contract no. FOOD-CT-2006- 016253), and by Award Number R01ES019222 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). AE is supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health (R01CA134218, RC2ESO18741, and P30ESO1247). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the EU, the US Environmental Protection Agency, or the National Institutes of Health. DD acknowledges that Afton Chemical Corporation provided him with a travel grant that allowed his participation at the Xian International Neurotoxicology Meeting. NR 40 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 838 EP 841 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.12.001 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 990FU UT WOS:000307617200030 PM 22178536 ER PT J AU Gilbert, ME Rovet, J Chen, ZP Koibuchi, N AF Gilbert, Mary E. Rovet, Joanne Chen, Zupei Koibuchi, Noriyuki TI Developmental thyroid hormone disruption: Prevalence, environmental contaminants and neurodevelopmental consequences SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Thyroid hormones; Neurodevelopment; Hippocampus; Iodine deficiency; Cerebellum; Hypothyroidism; Congenital hypothyroidism ID RECEPTOR-MEDIATED TRANSCRIPTION; WHITE-MATTER TRACTS; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; SYNAPTIC-TRANSMISSION; IODINE-DEFICIENCY; ENDEMIC CRETINISM; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AREA CA1 AB Thyroid hormones (TH) are critical for growth and development and particularly brain development. There are numerous environmental agents that lead to marginal reductions of circulating TH. Although it is clear that severe developmental hypothyroidism is profoundly detrimental to neurodevelopment, there is less information regarding the consequences of modest degrees of thyroid. The impact of low level TH disruptions induced by environmental contaminants has not been defined. This paper is a synopsis from four invited speakers who presented at the 13th International Neurotoxicology Association meeting held in Xi'an, China during the summer of 2011. An overview of the role of TH in brain development and a review of human and animal data on the neurological sequelae of disruption of the thyroid axis in the pre- and early post-natal periods were presented by Mary Gilbert and Joanne Rovet. Iodine deficiency, a common cause of TH insufficiency and mental retardation in many countries, including China, was addressed by Zupei Chen. In this presentation the current incidence of iodine deficiency and neurological outcome in China and the efficacy of recently implemented iodinization programs to eliminate this cause of mental retardation were reviewed. Joanne Rovet described the impact of TH disruption during pregnancy and under conditions of congenital hypothyroidism. Children born with normal thyroid function, but who experienced TH insufficiency in the womb, display subtle cognitive impairments and abnormalities in brain imaging. Despite early detection and treatment, deficiencies also exist in children born with thyroid disorders. Different patterns of cognitive effects result from prenatal versus postnatal TH insufficiency. Mary Gilbert reported on the effects of environmental contaminants with thyroid disrupting action on brain development in animals. Results of neurophysiological, behavioral, structural and molecular alterations that accompany modest perturbations of the thyroid axis were reviewed. Noriyuki Koibuchi described molecular targets of TH-mediated signalling accompanying exposure to persistent organic pollutants. Both polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are prevalent environmental contaminants that disrupt TH signalling at the receptor level. This action by these chemical classes could contribute to the negative impact of these chemicals on brain function. In summary, epidemiological, preclinical and animal research has clearly identified the critical role of TH in brain development. Additional work is required to understand the impact of low level perturbations of the thyroid axis to evaluate the risk associated with environmental contaminants with thyroid action. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gilbert, Mary E.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD B105 05, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rovet, Joanne] Univ Toronto, Dept Pediat, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Rovet, Joanne] Hosp Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Chen, Zupei] Tianjin Med Univ, Inst Endocrinol, Tianjin 300070, Peoples R China. [Koibuchi, Noriyuki] Gunma Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Integrat Physiol, Gunma, Japan. RP Gilbert, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD B105 05, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gilbert.mary@epa.gov FU US EPA [RD-3213701-0, FP916424]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Ministry of Environment of Japan FX Portions of this work were supported in part by US EPA RD-3213701-0 and FP916424; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Natural Science Foundation of China; and a grant-in-aid from the Ministry of Environment of Japan. This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, USEPA and approved for publication. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors thank Drs. William Boyes, Jeffrey Fisher, and Annie Lumen for their valuable comments on an earlier version of this manuscript, and Jovanca Skocic for her assistance with figures. NR 84 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 842 EP 852 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.11.005 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 990FU UT WOS:000307617200031 PM 22138353 ER PT J AU Boyes, WK Chen, R Chen, CY Yokel, RA AF Boyes, William K. Chen, Rui Chen, Chunying Yokel, Robert A. TI The neurotoxic potential of engineered nanomaterials SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodistribution; Pharmacokinetics; Blood-brain barrier; Cerium oxide (ceria); Copper; Titanium dioxide (titania); Phototoxicity ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; COLLOIDAL GOLD NANOPARTICLES; QUANTUM DOTS; OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; TIO2 NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE-SIZE; IN-VIVO; COPPER NANOPARTICLES AB The expanding development and production of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have diverse and far-reaching potential benefits in consumer products, food, drugs, medical devices and for enhancing environmental cleanup and remediation. The knowledge of potential implications of ENMs, including the potential for inadvertent exposures and adverse neurotoxic consequences, is lagging behind their development. A potential risk for neurotoxicity arises if exposure leads to systemic absorption and distribution to the nervous system. This paper is the summary of a symposium entitled Neurotoxicity Potential of Engineered Nanomaterials presented at the 2011 Xi'an International Neurotoxicology Conference held June 5-9 in Xi'an China. The following topics were featured in the symposium: the toxicokinetics of engineered nanomaterials; differential uptake of nanoceria in brain and peripheral organs; translocation into the brain and potential damage following nanoparticle exposure; and the retina as a potential site of nanomaterial phototoxicity. Each of these topics is discussed fully in sections of the manuscript. The promising benefits of ENM technology can be best realized if the potential risks are first understood and then minimized in product and system designs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Boyes, William K.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chen, Rui; Chen, Chunying] Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yokel, Robert A.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. RP Boyes, WK (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, B105-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM boyes.william@epa.gov FU US EPA STAR [RD-833772]; National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB933401]; Natural Science Foundation of China [10975040] FX Portions of this work were supported in part by US EPA STAR Grant No. RD-833772 and by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB933401) and Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10975040). NR 79 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 902 EP 910 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.12.013 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 990FU UT WOS:000307617200038 PM 22198707 ER PT J AU van Thriel, C Westerink, RHS Beste, C Bale, AS Lein, PJ Leist, M AF van Thriel, Christoph Westerink, Remco H. S. Beste, Christian Bale, Ambuja S. Lein, Pamela J. Leist, Marcel TI Translating neurobehavioural endpoints of developmental neurotoxicity tests into in vitro assays and readouts SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neurite growth; Neurodifferentiation; Neurotransmitter; Electrophysiology neurogenetics; Stem cells ID EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; NEURAL PROGENITOR CELLS; ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; MOMENTARY BRAIN CONCENTRATION; BDNF VAL66MET POLYMORPHISM; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; RAT VISUAL FUNCTION; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; NEURITE OUTGROWTH AB The developing nervous system is particularly vulnerable to chemical insults. Exposure to chemicals can result in neurobehavioural alterations, and these have been used as sensitive readouts to assess neurotoxicity in animals and man. Deconstructing neurobehaviour into relevant cellular and molecular components may allow for detection of specific neurotoxic effects in cell-based systems, which in turn may allow an easier examination of neurotoxic pathways and modes of actions and eventually inform the regulatory assessment of chemicals with potential developmental neurotoxicity. Here, current developments towards these goals are reviewed. Imaging genetics (CB) provides new insights into the neurobiological correlates of cognitive function that are being used to delineate neurotoxic mechanisms. The gaps between in vivo neurobehaviour and real-time in vitro measurements of neuronal function are being bridged by ex vivo measurements of synaptic plasticity (RW). An example of solvent neurotoxicity demonstrates how an in vivo neurological defect can be linked via the N-methyl-n-aspartate (NMDA)glutamate receptor as a common target to in vitro readouts (AB). Axonal and dendritic morphology in vitro proved to be good correlates of neuronal connectivity and neurobehaviour in animals exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and organophosphorus pesticides (PJL). Similarly, chemically induced changes in neuronal morphology affected the formation of neuronal networks on structured surfaces. Such network formation may become an important readout for developmental neurotoxicity in vitro (CvT), especially when combined with human neurons derived from embryonic stem cells (ML). We envision that future in vitro test systems for developmental neurotoxicity will combine the above approaches with exposure information, and we suggest a strategy for test system development and cell-based risk assessment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [van Thriel, Christoph] IfADo Leibniz Res Ctr Working Environm & Human Fa, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany. [Westerink, Remco H. S.] Univ Utrecht, IRAS, Neurotoxicol Res Grp, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Beste, Christian] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Cognit Neurosci, Bochum, Germany. [Bale, Ambuja S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lein, Pamela J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lein, Pamela J.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Leist, Marcel] Univ Konstanz, Doerenkamp Zbinden Chair Vitro Toxicol & Biomed, Constance, Germany. RP van Thriel, C (reprint author), IfADo Leibniz Res Ctr Working Environm & Human Fa, Ardeystr 67, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany. EM thriel@ifado.de RI Leist, Marcel/D-2133-2010; OI Leist, Marcel/0000-0002-3778-8693; Westerink, Remco/0000-0003-4948-2007 FU Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation; European Community; National Institutes of Health [R01 ES016308, R01 ES014901, R03 HD40936, R21 ES11771]; UC Davis M.I.N.D. Institute; Johns Hopkins University Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing FX We are indebted to many colleagues for valuable contributions and insightful discussions. The work was supported by grants from the Doerenkamp-Zbinden foundation (M.L.) and the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013; ESNATS project (M.L. and C.v.T.)), the National Institutes of Health (N.I.H.) (R01 ES016308 to (W.K.A. and P.J.L.); R01 ES014901 (P.J.L. and I.N.P.); R03 HD40936 (P.J.L.); R21 ES11771 (P.J.L.)), the UC Davis M.I.N.D. Institute (P.J.L.) and the Johns Hopkins University Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (P.J.L.). NR 166 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD AUG PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 911 EP 924 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2011.10.002 PG 14 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 990FU UT WOS:000307617200039 PM 22008243 ER PT J AU Henson, MA Larsen, RS Lawson, SN Perez-Otano, I Nakanishi, N Lipton, SA Philpot, BD AF Henson, Maile A. Larsen, Rylan S. Lawson, Shelikha N. Perez-Otano, Isabel Nakanishi, Nobuki Lipton, Stuart A. Philpot, Benjamin D. TI Genetic Deletion of NR3A Accelerates Glutamatergic Synapse Maturation SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NMDA RECEPTOR SUBUNITS; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; D-ASPARTATE-RECEPTORS; DEVELOPING RAT-BRAIN; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; REGIONAL EXPRESSION; AMPA RECEPTORS; NR3A-CONTAINING NMDARS; HIPPOCAMPAL SYNAPSES AB Glutamatergic synapse maturation is critically dependent upon activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs); however, the contributions of NR3A subunit-containing NMDARs to this process have only begun to be considered. Here we characterized the expression of NR3A in the developing mouse forebrain and examined the consequences of NR3A deletion on excitatory synapse maturation. We found that NR3A is expressed in many subcellular compartments, and during early development, NR3A subunits are particularly concentrated in the postsynaptic density (PSD). NR3A levels dramatically decline with age and are no longer enriched at PSDs in juveniles and adults. Genetic deletion of NR3A accelerates glutamatergic synaptic transmission, as measured by AMPAR-mediated postsynaptic currents recorded in hippocampal CA1. Consistent with the functional observations, we observed that the deletion of NR3A accelerated the expression of the glutamate receptor subunits NR1, NR2A, and GluR1 in the PSD in postnatal day (P) 8 mice. These data support the idea that glutamate receptors concentrate at synapses earlier in NR3A-knockout (NR3A-KO) mice. The precocious maturation of both AMPAR function and glutamate receptor expression are transient in NR3A-KO mice, as AMPAR currents and glutamate receptor protein levels are similar in NR3A-KO and wildtype mice by P16, an age when endogenous NR3A levels are normally declining. Taken together, our data support a model whereby NR3A negatively regulates the developmental stabilization of glutamate receptors involved in excitatory neurotransmission, synaptogenesis, and spine growth. C1 [Henson, Maile A.; Philpot, Benjamin D.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Neurobiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Larsen, Rylan S.; Lawson, Shelikha N.; Philpot, Benjamin D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Cell & Mol Physiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Philpot, Benjamin D.] Univ N Carolina, Neurosci Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Philpot, Benjamin D.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Inst Dev Disabil, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Perez-Otano, Isabel] CIMA, Dept Neurociencias, Pamplona, Spain. [Perez-Otano, Isabel] Univ Navarra, E-31080 Pamplona, Spain. [Nakanishi, Nobuki; Lipton, Stuart A.] Del E Webb Ctr Neurosci Aging & Stem Cell Res, Sanford Burnham Med Res Inst, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Henson, MA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM maile.henson@nih.gov OI Larsen, Rylan/0000-0002-7136-1175 FU NARSAD; Marie Curie International Reintegration Program; UTE project CIMA; MEC [SAF2006-10025]; National Eye Institute [R01 EY018323, R01 EY05477]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [P01 HD29687]; UNC Charles Lee Raper Dissertation Fellowship; Society for Neuroscience/NINDS Neuroscience Scholars Program FX This work was supported by grants from NARSAD (BDP, IPO; bbrfoundation.org), Marie Curie International Reintegration Program (http://cordis.europa.eu), UTE project CIMA and MEC (IPO; SAF2006-10025), National Eye Institute (BDP, R01 EY018323; SAL, R01 EY05477), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (SAL, P01 HD29687), UNC Charles Lee Raper Dissertation Fellowship (MAH), and the Society for Neuroscience/NINDS Neuroscience Scholars Program (MAH; http://www.sfn.org/index.aspx?pagename = NeuroscienceScholars_Main). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 75 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 1 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 8 AR e42327 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0042327 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 984SU UT WOS:000307212800081 PM 22870318 ER PT J AU Mazur, CS Marchitti, SA Dimova, M Kenneke, JF Lumen, A Fisher, J AF Mazur, Christopher S. Marchitti, Satori A. Dimova, Mira Kenneke, John F. Lumen, Annie Fisher, Jeff TI Human and Rat ABC Transporter Efflux of Bisphenol A and Bisphenol A Glucuronide: Interspecies Comparison and Implications for Pharmacokinetic Assessment SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE metabolism; xenobiotic transporters; physiologically-based pharmacokinetics ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE PROTEIN; HUMAN P-GLYCOPROTEIN; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; MEMBRANE TRANSPORTERS; DRUG-BINDING; AMINO-ACIDS; MRP1 ABCC1; MONKEYS; ROUTE AB Significant interspecies differences exist between human and rodent with respect to absorption, distribution, and excretion of bisphenol A (BPA) and its primary metabolite, BPA-glucuronide (BPA-G). ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter enzymes play important roles in these physiological processes, and their enzyme localization (apical vs. basolateral) in the plasma membrane allows for different cellular efflux pathways. In this study, we utilized an ATPase assay to evaluate BPA and BPA-G as potential substrates for the human and rat ABC transporters: P-glycoprotein (MDR1), multidrug resistance associated proteins (MRPs), and breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP). Based on high ATPase activity, BPA is likely a substrate for rat mdr1b but not for human MDR1 or rat mdr1a. Results indicate that BPA is a potential substrate for rat mrp2 and human MRP2, BCRP, and MRP3. The metabolite BPA-G demonstrated the highest apparent substrate binding affinity for rat mrp2 and human MRP3 but appeared to be a nonsubstrate or potential inhibitor for human MRP2, MDR1, and BCRP and for rat mdr1a, mdr1b, and bcrp. Analysis of ABC transporter amino acid sequences revealed key differences in putative binding site composition that may explain substrate specificity. Collectively, these results suggest that in both rat and human, apical transporters efflux BPA into the bile and/or intestinal lumen. BPA-G would follow a similar pathway in rat; however, in human, due to the basolateral location of MRP3, BPA-G would likely enter systemic and portal blood supplies. These differences between human and rodent ABC transporters may have significant implications for interspecies extrapolation used in risk assessment. C1 [Mazur, Christopher S.; Marchitti, Satori A.; Kenneke, John F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Dimova, Mira] Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Lumen, Annie; Fisher, Jeff] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RP Mazur, CS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mazur.chris@epa.gov NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 128 IS 2 BP 317 EP 325 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs167 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 991JY UT WOS:000307698500002 PM 22552776 ER PT J AU Carll, AP Hazari, MS Perez, CM Krantz, QT King, CJ Winsett, DW Costa, DL Farraj, AK AF Carll, Alex P. Hazari, Mehdi S. Perez, Christina M. Krantz, Quentin Todd King, Charly J. Winsett, Darrell W. Costa, Daniel L. Farraj, Aimen K. TI Whole and Particle-Free Diesel Exhausts Differentially Affect Cardiac Electrophysiology, Blood Pressure, and Autonomic Balance in Heart Failure-Prone Rats SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; cardiovascular; particulate matter; arrhythmia; heart rate variability; electrocardiogram; diesel exhaust ID ISOPROTERENOL-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; RATE-VARIABILITY; NITRIC-OXIDE; VENTRICULAR REPOLARIZATION; ATRIOVENTRICULAR-BLOCK; HYPERTENSIVE-RATS; APOE(-/-) MICE; QT INTERVAL; INHALATION AB Epidemiological studies strongly link short-term exposures to vehicular traffic and particulate matter (PM) air pollution with adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, especially in those with preexisting CV disease. Diesel engine exhaust is a key contributor to urban ambient PM and gaseous pollutants. To determine the role of gaseous and particulate components in diesel exhaust (DE) cardiotoxicity, we examined the effects of a 4-h inhalation of whole DE (wDE) (target PM concentration: 500 mu g/m(3)) or particle-free filtered DE (fDE) on CV physiology and a range of markers of cardiopulmonary injury in hypertensive heart failure prone rats. Arterial blood pressure (BP), electrocardiography, and heart rate variability (HRV), an index of autonomic balance, were monitored. Both fDE and wDE decreased BP and prolonged PR interval during exposure, with more effects from fDE, which additionally increased HRV triangular index and decreased T-wave amplitude. fDE increased QTc interval immediately after exposure, increased atrioventricular (AV) block Mobitz II arrhythmias shortly thereafter, and increased serum high-density lipoprotein 1 day later. wDE increased BP and decreased HRV root mean square of successive differences immediately postexposure. fDE and wDE decreased heart rate during the 4th hour of postexposure. Thus, DE gases slowed AV conduction and ventricular repolarization, decreased BP, increased HRV, and subsequently provoked arrhythmias, collectively suggesting parasympathetic activation; conversely, brief BP and HRV changes after exposure to particle-containing DE indicated a transient sympathetic excitation. Our findings suggest that whole- and particle-free DE differentially alter CV and autonomic physiology and may potentially increase risk through divergent pathways. C1 [Farraj, Aimen K.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Carll, Alex P.; Perez, Christina M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Farraj, AK (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, POB143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM farraj.aimen@epa.gov OI Carll, Alex/0000-0003-1832-3070 FU NHEERL-DESE Cooperative Training in Environmental Sciences Research [EPA CR83323601] FX NHEERL-DESE Cooperative Training in Environmental Sciences & Research, EPA CR83323601 (A.C.). NR 56 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 128 IS 2 BP 490 EP 499 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs162 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 991JY UT WOS:000307698500018 PM 22543275 ER PT J AU Johnston, M Bickford, E Holloway, T Dresser, C Adams, TM AF Johnston, Matt Bickford, Erica Holloway, Tracey Dresser, Chris Adams, Teresa M. TI Impacts of biodiesel blending on freight emissions in the Midwestern United States SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Emissions inventory; Freight; Greenhouse gases AB We use a combination of petroleum-diesel models, datasets and tools along with biodiesel-specific corrections to create a roadway-level emissions inventory capable of evaluating spatial, temporal and scale aspects of fuel distribution options for the Midwestern US. Specifically, we compare the emissions of a year-round "low-blend" biodiesel implementation scenario, already under consideration in a variety of states, with a more strategic summer-only, interstate-only "high-blend" scenario. Our results indicate that spatial and seasonal distribution decisions do affect the overall emissions impacts of any biodiesel deployment, even those at low-blend levels. However, we also finds that changes in emissions due to biodiesel are considerably smaller than those anticipated from improvements to engine and control technologies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Johnston, Matt; Bickford, Erica; Holloway, Tracey] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Johnston, Matt; Bickford, Erica; Holloway, Tracey; Adams, Teresa M.] Univ Wisconsin, Natl Ctr Freight & Infrastruct Res & Educ, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Johnston, Matt] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dresser, Chris] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Bickford, E (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM ebickford@wisc.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 17 IS 6 BP 457 EP 465 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2012.05.001 PG 9 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 983NV UT WOS:000307126900005 ER PT J AU Yadav, JSS Bezawada, J Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Yadav, Jay Shankar Singh Bezawada, Jyothi Yan, Song Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Candida krusei: biotechnological potentials and concerns about its safety SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Candida krusei; yeast biology; biotechnological applications; pathogenicity ID ANTIFUNGAL-DRUG-RESISTANCE; DISTILLERY SPENT WASH; LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ISSATCHENKIA-ORIENTALIS; MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS; ETHANOL FERMENTATION; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AB Yeasts have a tradition in biotechnological applications, and Saccharomyces species are the most dominating representatives. Among the yeast species, Candida krusei has been isolated from different habitats, and in recent years, it has gained increased interest because of its diverse biotechnological role. It is found in many fermented food items and dairy products and has also been exploited for production of biochemicals and enzymes. However, because of its opportunistic pathogenic nature, it draws scientific attention regarding the safety of its industrial exploitation. Candida krusei generally causes infections in immunocompromised patients, such as those suffering from Human immunodeficiency virus acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and also in cancer patients. The recent increase in the use of immunosuppressive drugs has increased the chances of C. krusei infections. Candida krusei possesses an intrinsic resistance to many triazole antifungal drugs, especially fluconazole, which is a main drug used in antifungal therapy; therefore, there is serious concern regarding its safe industrial use. C1 [Yadav, Jay Shankar Singh; Bezawada, Jyothi; Yan, Song; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci Eau Terre Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci Eau Terre Environm, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A4984, RDCPJ379601-08]; Canada Research Chair FX The authors are sincerely thankful to Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (grant A4984, RDCPJ379601-08) and the Canada Research Chair for their financial support. NR 152 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4166 J9 CAN J MICROBIOL JI Can. J. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 58 IS 8 BP 937 EP 952 DI 10.1139/W2012-077 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA 981KV UT WOS:000306967700001 PM 22823163 ER PT J AU Subramanian, V Ingwersen, W Hensler, C Collie, H AF Subramanian, Vairavan Ingwersen, Wesley Hensler, Connie Collie, Heather TI Comparing product category rules from different programs: learned outcomes towards global alignment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Comparison template; EPD; ISO 14025; Product carbon footprint; Product category rules; Sector guidance ID TRENDS AB Product category rules (PCRs) provide category-specific guidance for estimating and reporting product life cycle environmental impacts, typically in the form of environmental product declarations and product carbon footprints. Lack of global harmonization between PCRs or sector guidance documents has led to the development of duplicate PCRs for the same products. Differences in the general requirements (e.g., product category definition, reporting format) and LCA methodology (e.g., system boundaries, inventory analysis, allocation rules, etc.) diminish the comparability of product claims. A comparison template was developed to compare PCRs from different global program operators. The goal was to identify the differences between duplicate PCRs from a broad selection of product categories and propose a path toward alignment. We looked at five different product categories: milk/dairy (two PCRs), horticultural products (three PCRs), wood-particleboard (two PCRs), and laundry detergents (four PCRs). Disparity between PCRs ranged from broad differences in scope, system boundaries, and impacts addressed (e.g., multi-impact vs. carbon footprint only) to specific differences of technical elements. The differences primarily reflected the different purposes of the PCR (e.g., label/report), the different standards they were based on (e.g., ISO 14025/PAS 2050), the use of different product categorization systems, or simply the result of being developed independently. Differing degrees of specificity and terminology between PCRs allowed for varied interpretation-at times making direct comparison difficult. For many of the differences between PCRs, however, there was no clear rationale why they could not be consistent in the future. These results were used to outline a general guidance document for global alignment of PCRs which recommends (1) alignment of PCRs for different purposes, (2) provision of guidance for the adoption of aspects of other PCRs, and (3) provision of greater specificity on content. The overall recommendations also suggest collaboration among program operators to facilitate alignment on issues that evolve from independent development. C1 [Subramanian, Vairavan] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ingwersen, Wesley] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hensler, Connie] Interface Inc, Corp LCA Programs, Atlanta, GA 30339 USA. [Collie, Heather] Dept Environm Food & Rural Affairs Defra, London SW1P 3JR, England. RP Subramanian, V (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, POB 875502, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Vee.Subramanian@asu.edu; ingwersen.wesley@epamail.epa.gov OI Ingwersen, Wesley/0000-0002-9614-701X FU Sustainability Consortium; U.S. EPA; Interface Inc.; Defra (UK) FX Support for this project was provided by the following organizations: The Sustainability Consortium, U.S. EPA, Interface Inc., and Defra (UK). We would like to thank Rita Schenck from the American Center for Life Cycle Assessment for facilitating the opportunity to work on this project. We would also like to thank Dr. Amit Kapur of Siemens Corporate Research, Mirella Di Stefano of Granorolo S. p. A, Masayuki Kanzaki of JEMAI, Joakim Thorneus of The International EPD System, and Tommie Ponsioen for review of our PCR comparisons. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0948-3349 J9 INT J LIFE CYCLE ASS JI Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 17 IS 7 BP 892 EP 903 DI 10.1007/s11367-012-0419-6 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976MN UT WOS:000306589000004 ER PT J AU Shanaghan, PE AF Shanaghan, Peter E. TI Assessing Drinking Water Infrastructure Need SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Shanaghan, Peter E.] US EPA, Natl Drinking Water State Revolving Fund DWSRF Te, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Shanaghan, PE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Drinking Water State Revolving Fund DWSRF Te, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Shanaghan.Peter@epamail.epa.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 104 IS 8 BP 14 EP 15 DI 10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0107 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 986TA UT WOS:000307367300004 ER PT J AU Osland, MJ Spivak, AC Nestlerode, JA Lessmann, JM Almario, AE Heitmuller, PT Russell, MJ Krauss, KW Alvarez, F Dantin, DD Harvey, JE From, AS Cormier, N Stagg, CL AF Osland, Michael J. Spivak, Amanda C. Nestlerode, Janet A. Lessmann, Jeannine M. Almario, Alejandro E. Heitmuller, Paul T. Russell, Marc J. Krauss, Ken W. Alvarez, Federico Dantin, Darrin D. Harvey, James E. From, Andrew S. Cormier, Nicole Stagg, Camille L. TI Ecosystem Development After Mangrove Wetland Creation: Plant-Soil Change Across a 20-Year Chronosequence SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE functional equivalency; carbon accumulation; succession; facilitation; wetland restoration; wetland creation; mangrove forest; salt marsh; Tampa Bay Florida ID SALT-MARSH; SEA-LEVEL; RESTORATION; FORESTS; CARBON; ESTABLISHMENT; ACCUMULATION; MITIGATION; SEDIMENT; SEQUESTRATION AB Mangrove wetland restoration and creation efforts are increasingly proposed as mechanisms to compensate for mangrove wetland losses. However, ecosystem development and functional equivalence in restored and created mangrove wetlands are poorly understood. We compared a 20-year chronosequence of created tidal wetland sites in Tampa Bay, Florida (USA) to natural reference mangrove wetlands. Across the chronosequence, our sites represent the succession from salt marsh to mangrove forest communities. Our results identify important soil and plant structural differences between the created and natural reference wetland sites; however, they also depict a positive developmental trajectory for the created wetland sites that reflects tightly coupled plant-soil development. Because upland soils and/or dredge spoils were used to create the new mangrove habitats, the soils at younger created sites and at lower depths (10-30 cm) had higher bulk densities, higher sand content, lower soil organic matter (SOM), lower total carbon (TC), and lower total nitrogen (TN) than did natural reference wetland soils. However, in the upper soil layer (0-10 cm), SOM, TC, and TN increased with created wetland site age simultaneously with mangrove forest growth. The rate of created wetland soil C accumulation was comparable to literature values for natural mangrove wetlands. Notably, the time to equivalence for the upper soil layer of created mangrove wetlands appears to be faster than for many other wetland ecosystem types. Collectively, our findings characterize the rate and trajectory of above- and below-ground changes associated with ecosystem development in created mangrove wetlands; this is valuable information for environmental managers planning to sustain existing mangrove wetlands or mitigate for mangrove wetland losses. C1 [Osland, Michael J.; Spivak, Amanda C.; Nestlerode, Janet A.; Almario, Alejandro E.; Russell, Marc J.; Alvarez, Federico; Dantin, Darrin D.; Harvey, James E.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Spivak, Amanda C.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Lessmann, Jeannine M.] Eckerd Coll, Galbraith Marine Sci Lab, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA. [From, Andrew S.] US Geol Survey, Five Rivers Serv LLC, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. RP Osland, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM mosland@usgs.gov RI Osland, Michael/D-1814-2014; OI Osland, Michael/0000-0001-9902-8692; Spivak, Amanda/0000-0001-6743-0783; From, Andrew/0000-0002-6543-2627 NR 91 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 15 U2 168 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD AUG PY 2012 VL 15 IS 5 BP 848 EP 866 DI 10.1007/s10021-012-9551-1 PG 19 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 981FN UT WOS:000306952400012 ER PT J AU Li, C Yang, YJ Yu, JZ Zhang, TQ Mao, XW Shao, WY AF Li Cong Yang, Y. Jeffrey Yu Jieze Zhang Tu-qiao Mao Xinwei Shao Weiyun TI Second-Order Chlorine Decay and Trihalomethanes Formation in a Pilot-Scale Water Distribution Systems SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE disinfection by-products; water distribution systems; trihalomethanes (THMs) formation; chlorine decay ID DRINKING-WATER; DISINFECTION; KINETICS; MODEL AB It is well known that model-building of chlorine decay in real water distribution systems is difficult because chlorine decay is influenced by many factors (e. g., bulk water demand, pipe-wall demand, piping material, flow velocity, and residence time). In this paper, experiments were run to investigate the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of trihalomethanes (THMs) in pilot-scale water distribution systems. Experimental results show that the rate constants of chlorine decay, including wall decay and bulk decay, increasing with temperature. Moreover, the kinetic model of chlorine decay and the formation model of THMs describe experiment data of pilot-scale water distribution systems. The effect of different piping material on chlorine decay and THMs formation were also investigated. The rate constants of chlorine decay are ranked in order: stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because wall decay is the largest in stainless steel pipe than that in other piping material. Correspondingly, the rate of THMs formation follows the order of stainless steel pipe, ductile iron pipe, and last, polyethelene pipe because of less chlorine in bulk water reacting with the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). Water Environ. Res., 84, 656 (2012). C1 [Li Cong; Yu Jieze; Zhang Tu-qiao; Mao Xinwei; Shao Weiyun] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Li, C (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM Shaowy@zju.edu.cn FU National Major Project of Science & Technology Ministry of China [2009ZX07424-004]; Ministry of Education of China [20110101120033]; foundation of Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education (Tongji University) [YRWEF 201104] FX This work was kindly supported by the National Major Project of Science & Technology Ministry of China (No. 2009ZX07424-004), Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (No. 20110101120033), and the foundation of Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education (Tongji University) (No. YRWEF 201104). NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 23 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 84 IS 8 BP 656 EP 661 DI 10.2175/106143012X13373550427390 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 981ON UT WOS:000306977800005 PM 22953450 ER PT J AU Metukuri, MR Zhang, PL Basantani, MK Chin, C Stamateris, RE Alonso, LC Takane, KK Gramignoli, R Strom, SC O'Doherty, RM Stewart, AF Vasavada, RC Garcia-Ocana, A Scott, DK AF Metukuri, Mallikarjuna R. Zhang, Pili Basantani, Mahesh K. Chin, Connie Stamateris, Rachel E. Alonso, Laura C. Takane, Karen K. Gramignoli, Roberto Strom, Stephen C. O'Doherty, Robert M. Stewart, Andrew F. Vasavada, Rupangi C. Garcia-Ocana, Adolfo Scott, Donald K. TI ChREBP Mediates Glucose-Stimulated Pancreatic beta-Cell Proliferation SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; CENTER-DOT-MLX; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; TRANSCRIPTION; PROTEIN; REPLICATION; INDUCTION; MICE; ACTIVATION AB Glucose stimulates rodent and human beta-cell replication, but the intracellular signaling mechanisms are poorly understood. Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a lipogenic glucose-sensing transcription factor with unknown functions in pancreatic beta-cells. We tested the hypothesis that ChREBP is required for glucose-stimulated beta-cell proliferation. The relative expression of ChREBP was determined in liver and beta-cells using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. Loss- and gain-of-function studies were performed using small interfering RNA and genetic deletion of ChREBP and adenoviral overexpression of ChREBP in rodent and human beta-cells. Proliferation was measured by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation, [H-3]thymidine incorporation, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. hi addition, the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes was measured by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. ChREBP expression was comparable with liver in mouse pancreata and in rat and human islets. Depletion of ChREBP decreased glucose-stimulated proliferation in beta-cells isolated from ChREBP(-/-) mice, in INS-1-derived 832/13 cells, and in primary rat and human beta-cells. Furthermore, depletion of ChREBP decreased the glucose-stimulated expression of cell cycle accelerators. Overexpression of ChREBP amplified glucose-stimulated proliferation in rat and human beta-cells, with concomitant increases in cyclin gene expression. In conclusion, ChREBP mediates glucose-stimulated proliferation in pancreatic beta-cells. Diabetes 61:2004-2015, 2012 C1 [Metukuri, Mallikarjuna R.; Zhang, Pili; Basantani, Mahesh K.; Chin, Connie; Stamateris, Rachel E.; Alonso, Laura C.; Takane, Karen K.; O'Doherty, Robert M.; Stewart, Andrew F.; Vasavada, Rupangi C.; Garcia-Ocana, Adolfo; Scott, Donald K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Metukuri, Mallikarjuna R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gramignoli, Roberto; Strom, Stephen C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Scott, DK (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM dks23@pitt.edu RI Basantani, Mahesh/G-9341-2013; OI Strom, Stephen/0000-0002-2889-3387 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R56DK065149]; American Diabetes Association [ADA 7-11-BS-128]; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) [17-2011-598]; NIH [DK077096, DK078060, DKR0155023, DK U-01 89538]; JDRF [34-2008-630, 1-2008-39] FX This work was supported by the following grants: National Institutes of Health (NIH) R56DK065149; American Diabetes Association ADA 7-11-BS-128; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) 17-2011-598 (D.K.S.); NIH DK077096 (A.G.-O.) and NIH DK078060 (R.C.V.); and JDRF 34-2008-630, JDRF 1-2008-39, NIH DKR0155023, and NIH DK U-01 89538 (A.F.S.). NR 50 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD AUG PY 2012 VL 61 IS 8 BP 2004 EP 2015 DI 10.2337/db11-0802 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 980KC UT WOS:000306891100016 PM 22586588 ER PT J AU Chao, DM He, XZ Yang, YL Bazzy-Asaad, A Lazarus, LH Balboni, G Kim, DH Xia, Y AF Chao, Dongman He, Xiaozhou Yang, Yilin Bazzy-Asaad, Alia Lazarus, Lawrence H. Balboni, Gianfranco Kim, Dong H. Xia, Ying TI DOR activation inhibits anoxic/ischemic Na+ influx through Na+ channels via PKC mechanisms in the cortex SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Delta-opioid receptor; Ionic homeostasis; Na+ influx; Na+ channel; Neuroprotection; Hypoxia/ischemia ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; OXYGEN-GLUCOSE DEPRIVATION; OPIOID RECEPTOR ACTIVATION; TRANSIENT FOCAL ISCHEMIA; RAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX; NULL MUTANT MOUSE; SODIUM-CHANNELS; IN-VITRO; BRAIN EDEMA; NEURONAL EXCITABILITY AB Activation of delta-opioid receptors (DOR) is neuroprotective against hypoxic/ischemic injury in the cortex, which is at least partially related to its action against hypoxic/ischemic disruption of ionic homeostasis that triggers neuronal injury. Na+ influx through TTX-sensitive voltage-gated Na+ channels may be a main mechanism for hypoxia-induced disruption of K+ homeostasis, with DOR activation attenuating the disruption of ionic homeostasis by targeting voltage-gated Na+ channels. In the present study we examined the role of DOR in the regulation of Na+ influx in anoxia and simulated ischemia (oxygen-glucose deprivation) as well as the effect of DOR activation on the Na+ influx induced by a Na+ channel opener without anoxic/ischemic stress and explored a potential PKC mechanism underlying the DOR action. We directly measured extracellular Na+ activity in mouse cortical slices with Na+ selective electrodes and found that (1) anoxia-induced Na+ influx occurred mainly through TTX-sensitive Na+ channels; (2) DOR activation inhibited the anoxia/ischemia-induced Na+ influx; (3) veratridine, a Na+ channel opener, enhanced the anoxia-induced Na+ influx; this could be attenuated by DOR activation; (4) DOR activation did not reduce the anoxia-induced Na+ influx in the presence of chelerythrine, a broad-spectrum PKC blocker; and (5) DOR effects were blocked by PKC beta II peptide inhibitor, and PKC theta pseudosubstrate inhibitor, respectively. We conclude that DOR activation inhibits anoxia-induced Na+ influx through Na+ channels via PKC (especially PKC beta II and PKC theta isoforms) dependent mechanisms in the cortex. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Xia, Ying] Univ Texas Med Sch Houston, Vivian L Smith Dept Neurosurg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Chao, Dongman; He, Xiaozhou; Yang, Yilin] Soochow Univ, Med Coll 3, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chao, Dongman; Bazzy-Asaad, Alia; Xia, Ying] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Lazarus, Lawrence H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Balboni, Gianfranco] Univ Cagliari, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy. RP Xia, Y (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Sch Houston, Vivian L Smith Dept Neurosurg, 6431 Fannin St,MSE R421, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Ying.Xia@uth.tmc.edu FU National Institutes of Health [HD-034852, AT-004422]; Vivian L Smith Neurological Foundation; Division of Intramural Research of NIEHS; CSB [CS20092015]; CHB [ZD200903]; NSFC [31071046] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (HD-034852 and AT-004422) and the Vivian L Smith Neurological Foundation. LHL was supported by the Division of Intramural Research of NIEHS and NIH. XH and YY were supported by CSB (CS20092015), CHB (ZD200903) and NSFC (31071046). NR 69 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 236 IS 2 BP 228 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.05.006 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 976YI UT WOS:000306622900004 PM 22609332 ER PT J AU Masih, J Singhvi, R Kumar, K Jain, VK Taneja, A AF Masih, Jamson Singhvi, Raj Kumar, Krishan Jain, V. K. Taneja, Ajay TI Seasonal Variation and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Indoor and Outdoor Air in a Semi Arid Tract of Northern India SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Indoor and outdoor air; Gas/Particulate; PAHs; Seasonality; Toxic assessment; Source apportionment ID WOOD COMBUSTION EMISSIONS; LUNG-CANCER; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; URBAN AIR; XUAN-WEI; ATMOSPHERE; QUALITY; CHINA; HOMES; SITE AB PAHs concentration in particulate and gas phase was investigated in indoor and outdoor air of urban residential and roadside homes in a semiarid region of India. Samples were collected during winter and summer season (Nov 2006-Jun 2007). In particulate phase at roadside homes the annual mean concentration of PAHs in indoor was 5.53 to 952.28 ng/m(3), in outdoor it ranged 15.47 to 1036.79 ng/m(3) whereas at urban residential homes the particulate PAHs concentration range was 4.10 to 826.73 ng/m(3) (indoor) and 8.32 to 826.73 ng/m(3) (outdoor). The annual mean concentration of gaseous phase PAHs ranged from 2.75 to 90.34 ng/m(3) indoors, 2.29 to 113.56 ng/m(3) outdoors at roadside homes. In urban residential homes it ranged 2.64 to 87.58 ng/m(3) in indoor, 4.79 to 51.83 ng/m(3) in outdoor respectively. Significant seasonal variations of total PAHs concentrations were observed with higher levels during winter season period. The average BaP equivalent exposure, calculated by using toxic equivalent factors was approximately 8.99 ng/m(3) (indoors) and 14.03 ng/m(3) (outdoors). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that in indoor the most common sources of PAHs were cooking, smoking, incense burning whereas in outdoor PAHs mainly generated from petrol and diesel combusted fuel and diesel exhaust from generator sets. C1 [Taneja, Ajay] Dr BR Ambedkar Univ, Dept Chem, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Masih, Jamson] Wilson Coll, Dept Chem, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Singhvi, Raj] US EPA, Environm Response Team, Edison, NJ USA. [Kumar, Krishan; Jain, V. K.] Jawaharlal Nehru Univ, Sch Environm Sci, New Delhi 110067, India. RP Taneja, A (reprint author), Dr BR Ambedkar Univ, Dept Chem, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM jamsonmasihmd@yahoo.co.in; ataneja5@hotmail.com FU University Grant Commission (UGC) [34-375 (SR)/2008]; UGC-Dr. D.S. Kothari Post doctoral fellowship [F 4-2/2006(BSR)/13-329/2008(BSR)] FX Financial support of University Grant Commission (UGC) sponsored project No. 34-375 (SR)/2008 to corresponding author and UGC-Dr. D.S. Kothari Post doctoral fellowship to first author Sanction letter No. F 4-2/2006(BSR)/13-329/2008(BSR) worked in School of Environmental Sciences, JNU, New Delhi are duly acknowledged. NR 53 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 28 PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR PI TAICHUNG COUNTY PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN SN 1680-8584 J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 12 IS 4 BP 515 EP 525 DI 10.4209/aaqr.2011.11.0192 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 975JD UT WOS:000306506700006 ER PT J AU Santiago-Rodriguez, TM Tremblay, RL Toledo-Hernandez, C Gonzalez-Nieves, JE Ryu, H Domingo, JWS Toranzos, GA AF Santiago-Rodriguez, Tasha M. Tremblay, Raymond L. Toledo-Hernandez, Carlos Gonzalez-Nieves, Joel E. Ryu, Hodon Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Toranzos, Gary A. TI Microbial Quality of Tropical Inland Waters and Effects of Rainfall Events SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN FECAL POLLUTION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FRESH-WATER; HUMAN FECES; CLADOPHORA CHLOROPHYTA; BACTEROIDES-FRAGILIS; QUANTITATIVE PCR; IDENTIFICATION; ENTEROCOCCI AB Novel markers of fecal pollution in tropical waters are needed since conventional methods recommended for other geographical regions may not apply. To address this, the prevalence of thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, coliphages, and enterophages was determined by culture methods across a watershed. Additionally, human-, chicken-, and cattle-specific PCR assays were used to identify potential fecal pollution sources in this watershed. An enterococcus quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was tested and correlated with culture methods at three sites since water quality guidelines could incorporate this technique as a rapid detection method. Various rainfall events reported before sample collection at three sites were considered in the data analyses. Thermotolerant conforms, enterococci, coliphages, and enterophages were detected across the watershed. Human-specific Bacteroides bacteria, unlike the cattle- and chicken-specific bacteria, were detected mostly at sites with the corresponding fecal impact. Enterococci were detected by qPCR as well, but positive correlations with the culture method were noted at two sites, suggesting that either technique could be used. However, no positive correlations were noted for an inland lake tested, suggesting that qPCR may not be suitable for all water bodies. Concentrations of thermotolerant conforms and bacteriophages were consistently lower after rainfall events, pointing to a possible dilution effect. Rainfall positively correlated with enterococci detected by culturing and qPCR, but this was not the case for the inland lake. The toolbox of methods and correlations presented here could be potentially applied to assess the microbial quality of various water types. C1 [Santiago-Rodriguez, Tasha M.; Toranzos, Gary A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Environm Microbiol Lab, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Tremblay, Raymond L.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Humacao, PR USA. [Tremblay, Raymond L.] Univ Puerto Rico, Ctr Appl Trop Ecol & Conservat, Crest Catec, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Toledo-Hernandez, Carlos; Gonzalez-Nieves, Joel E.; Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Santiago-Rodriguez, TM (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Environm Microbiol Lab, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. EM mary_ann_lawrence777@hotmail.com RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519 FU MBRS-RISE (NIH) [2R25GM061151-09]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was partially supported by MBRS-RISE (NIH grant no. 2R25GM061151-09) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 78 IS 15 BP 5160 EP 5169 DI 10.1128/AEM.07773-11 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 975ST UT WOS:000306532500017 PM 22610428 ER PT J AU Perron, MM Ho, KT Cantwell, MG Burgess, RM Pelletier, MC AF Perron, Monique M. Ho, Kay T. Cantwell, Mark G. Burgess, Robert M. Pelletier, Marguerite C. TI Effects of triclosan on marine benthic and epibenthic organisms SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Acute toxicity; Bioaccumulation; Americamysis bahia; Ampelisca abdita ID WATER TREATMENT PLANTS; WASTE-WATER; METHYL-TRICLOSAN; BLACK CARBON; NORTH TEXAS; SEDIMENTS; BIOACCUMULATION; TRICLOCARBAN; TOXICITY; SYSTEMS AB Triclosan is an antimicrobial compound that has been widely used in consumer products such as toothpaste, deodorant, and shampoo. Because of its widespread use, triclosan has been detected in various environmental media, including wastewater, sewage sludge, surface waters, and sediments. Triclosan is acutely toxic to numerous aquatic organisms, but very few studies have been performed on estuarine and marine benthic organisms. For whole sediment toxicity tests, the sediment-dwelling estuarine amphipod, Ampelisca abdita, and the epibenthic mysid shrimp, Americamysis bahia, are commonly used organisms. In the present study, median lethal concentration values (LC50) were obtained for both of these organisms using water-only and whole sediment exposures. Acute 96-h water-only toxicity tests resulted in LC50 values of 73.4 and 74.3?mu g/L for the amphipod and mysid, respectively. For the 7-d whole sediment toxicity test, LC50 values were 303 and 257?mg/kg (dry wt) for the amphipod and mysid, respectively. Using equilibrium partitioning theory, these whole sediment values are equivalent to interstitial water LC50 values of 230 and 190?mu g/L for the amphipod and mysid, respectively, which are within a threefold difference of the observed 96-h LC50 water-only values. Triclosan was found to accumulate in polychaete tissue in a 28-d bioaccumulation study with a biota-sediment accumulation factor of 0.23?kg organic carbon/kg lipid. These data provide some of the first toxicity data for triclosan with marine benthic and epibenthic species while also indicating a need to better understand the effects of other forms of sediment carbon, triclosan ionization, and organism metabolism of triclosan on the chemical's behavior and toxicity in the aquatic environment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 18611866. (c) 2012 SETAC C1 [Perron, Monique M.] Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Ho, Kay T.; Cantwell, Mark G.; Burgess, Robert M.; Pelletier, Marguerite C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Perron, MM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM mperron@post.harvard.edu NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 31 IS 8 BP 1861 EP 1866 DI 10.1002/etc.1884 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 974ZL UT WOS:000306476100024 PM 22605471 ER PT J AU Lane, CR D'Amico, E Autrey, B AF Lane, C. R. D'Amico, E. Autrey, B. TI Isolated Wetlands of the Southeastern United States: Abundance and Expected Condition SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Cowardin; Landscape Development Intensity (LDI); SWANCC; National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) ID GEOGRAPHICALLY ISOLATED WETLANDS; DEVELOPMENT INTENSITY INDEX; DIATOM COMPOSITION; FORESTED WETLANDS; INVENTORY MAPS; VERNAL POOLS; FLORIDA; LANDSCAPE; CONSERVATION; CLASSIFICATION AB Two recent United States (U.S.) Supreme Court decisions severely curtailed federal protection for isolated wetlands (i.e., those completely surrounded by uplands). However, the true extent of the wetlands affected and hence the implications of the decisions are unknown. Best professional judgment from almost a decade ago estimated a parts per thousand currency sign20 % of contiguous U.S. wetland area to be isolated. We used the National Wetlands Inventory and an National Hydrography Dataset buffering process to mask where potential isolated wetlands (PIW) in an eight-state region of the southeastern and mid-Atlantic U.S. intersected stream, river, and lake buffers and identified 813,163 putative isolated wetlands covering 1,185,022.6 ha, or approximately 4.4 % (range: 0.9-7.1 %) of all wetland habitat across the study area. PIWs averaged 9.0 % of the total freshwater habitat area in each state (range 3.6-11.0 %), were densely occurring (average areal extent range: 0.34-3.66 ha/km(2), study area average 1.53 +/- 7.63 ha/km(2) standard deviation (SD); average numerical extent range: 0.46-2.17 per km(2), study area average 1.05 +/- 1.99 per km(2) SD), and typically small (median size 0.38 ha; average size 1.46 +/- 6.81 ha SD). Approximately 50 % of the extant PIWs were expected to be in "reference" or good condition, as determined by examining the land use surrounding each wetland and applying a landscape-level measure of anthropogenic disturbance, the Landscape Development Intensity (LDI) index. The PIWs in this study area comprise nearly 3 % of the remaining 44.5 million ha of wetlands in the contiguous United States. C1 [Lane, C. R.; D'Amico, E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lane, CR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dynamac Corp, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Lane.Charles@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development [EP-D-06-096] FX The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract number EP-D-06-096 to Dynamac Corporation. Although reviewed approved for publication, this manuscript does not necessarily reflect official EPA policy. Justicia Rhodus, Dynamac Corporation, provided technical review and editing services, and Rick McKinney, U.S. EPA provided valuable feedback to improve the manuscript. We appreciate the input from the journal's anonymous reviewers, although any inadequacies in this manuscript remain our own. NR 62 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 49 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD AUG PY 2012 VL 32 IS 4 BP 753 EP 767 DI 10.1007/s13157-012-0308-6 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976ON UT WOS:000306594300014 ER PT J AU Mitchell-Blackwood, J Gurian, PL Lee, R Thran, B AF Mitchell-Blackwood, J. Gurian, P. L. Lee, R. Thran, B. TI Variance in Bacillus anthracis virulence assessed through Bayesian hierarchical dose-response modelling SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; dose-response modelling; environmental; spores; virulence ID ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; RISK; INHALATION; SPORES AB Aims: To develop a predictive doseresponse model for describing the survival of animals exposed to Bacillus anthracis to support risk management options. Methods and Results: Doseresponse curves were generated from a large dosemortality data set (>11 000 data points) consisting of guinea pigs exposed via the inhalation route to 76 different product preparations of B.similar to anthracis. Because of the predictive nature of the Bayesian hierarchical approach (BHA), this method was used. The utility of this method in planning for a variety of scenarios from best case to worst case was demonstrated. Conclusions: A wide range of expected virulence was observed across products. Median estimates of virulence match well with previously published statistical estimates, but upper bound values of virulence are much greater than previous statistical estimates. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study is the first meta-analysis in open literature to estimate the doseresponse relationship for B.similar to anthracis from a very large data set, generally a rare occurrence for highly infectious pathogens. The results are also the first to suggest the extent of variability, which is contributed by product preparation and/or dissemination methods, information needed for health-based risk management decisions in response to a deliberate release. A set of possible benchmark values produced through this analysis can be tied to the risk tolerance of the decision-maker or available intelligence. Further, the substantial size of the data set led to the ability to assess the appropriateness of the assumed distributional form of the prior, a common limitation in Bayesian analysis. C1 [Mitchell-Blackwood, J.; Gurian, P. L.] Drexel Univ, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Mitchell-Blackwood, J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lee, R.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Lee, R.; Thran, B.] USA, Environm Hlth Risk Assessment Program, Hlth Risk Management Portfolio, Publ Hlth Command Army Inst Publ Hlth, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Mitchell-Blackwood, J (reprint author), Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, 1400 Independence Ave,Stop 3766, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM mitchell-blackwood.jade@epa.gov RI Gurian, Patrick/A-8365-2013 OI Gurian, Patrick/0000-0001-7456-9740 FU US Army, of the Pathogen Information Catalog (PICAT); US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM); Center for Advancing Microbial Risk Assessment; US Department of Homeland Security; US Environmental Protection Agency under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant program [R83236201] FX The authors would like to thank Drs Tonya Nichols and Sarah Taft (US Environmental Protection Agency, National Homeland Security Research Center) for joint financial support, with the US Army, of the Pathogen Information Catalog (PICAT), which houses the data set, and their technical contributions to the project. Stephanie Hines (Battelle) also contributed during technical discussions. Ms. Erin Curran (US Army Public Health Command was instrumental in the gathering of the original research reports, and Peg Coleman, Stacey Massulik, Michele Stephenson, and Lisa Lowe (Syracuse Research Corporation) were instrumental in the population of the PICAT. Portions of this research were supported in part by an appointment to the Student Research Participation Program at the US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and USACHPPM. Additional support was provided by the Center for Advancing Microbial Risk Assessment, which is supported by the US Department of Homeland Security and the US Environmental Protection Agency under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant program (grant no. R83236201). NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 113 IS 2 BP 265 EP 275 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05311.x PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 974AF UT WOS:000306401300005 PM 22515543 ER PT J AU Desrosiers, TA Herring, AH Shapira, SK Hooiveld, M Luben, TJ Herdt-Losavio, ML Lin, S Olshan, AF AF Desrosiers, Tania A. Herring, Amy H. Shapira, Stuart K. Hooiveld, Mariette Luben, Tom J. Herdt-Losavio, Michele L. Lin, Shao Olshan, Andrew F. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Paternal occupation and birth defects: findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; PARENTAL OCCUPATIONS; RECORD LINKAGE; EXPOSURE; WORK; CLASSIFICATION; METAANALYSIS AB Objectives Several epidemiological studies have suggested that certain paternal occupations may be associated with an increased prevalence of birth defects in offspring. Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, the authors investigated the association between paternal occupation and birth defects in a case-control study of cases comprising over 60 different types of birth defects (n=9998) and non-malformed controls (n=4066) with dates of delivery between 1997 and 2004. Methods Using paternal occupational histories reported by mothers via telephone interview, jobs were systematically classified into 63 groups based on shared exposure profiles within occupation and industry. Data were analysed using Bayesian logistic regression with a hierarchical prior for dependent shrinkage to stabilise estimation with sparse data. Results Several occupations were associated with an increased prevalence of various birth defect categories, including mathematical, physical and computer scientists; artists; photographers and photo processors; food service workers; landscapers and groundskeepers; hairdressers and cosmetologists; office and administrative support workers; sawmill workers; petroleum and gas workers; chemical workers; printers; material moving equipment operators; and motor vehicle operators. Conclusions Findings from this study might be used to identify specific occupations worthy of further investigation and to generate hypotheses about chemical or physical exposures common to such occupations. C1 [Desrosiers, Tania A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Carolina Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Desrosiers, Tania A.] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, State Ctr Hlth Stat, Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Raleigh, NC USA. [Herring, Amy H.; Olshan, Andrew F.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Shapira, Stuart K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hooiveld, Mariette] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Hooiveld, Mariette] Netherlands Inst Hlth Serv Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Luben, Tom J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Herdt-Losavio, Michele L.; Lin, Shao] New York State Dept Hlth, Ctr Environm Hlth, Troy, NY USA. RP Desrosiers, TA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Carolina Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ta_desrosiers@unc.edu OI Lin, Shao/0000-0002-5535-7504 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50CCU422096]; US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES10126] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement number U50CCU422096) and the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant number P30ES10126). This manuscript has been approved for submission to Occupational and Environmental Medicine by the National Birth Defects Prevention Study and the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 11 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 69 IS 8 BP 534 EP 542 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100372 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 973QR UT WOS:000306375400002 PM 22782864 ER PT J AU Yang, YC Tan, YM Blount, B Murray, C Egan, S Bolger, M Clewell, H AF Yang, Yuching Tan, Yu-Mei Blount, Benjamin Murray, Clarence Egan, Sara Bolger, Michael Clewell, Harvey TI Using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to link urinary biomarker concentrations to dietary exposure of perchlorate SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Perchlorate; Biomarker; Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling; Dietary exposure ID THYROID-STIMULATING-HORMONE; UNITED-STATES; DRINKING-WATER; IODIDE UPTAKE; BREAST-MILK; INHIBITION; WOMEN; EXCRETION; KINETICS; RAT AB Exposure to perchlorate is widespread in the United States and many studies have attempted to character the perchlorate exposure by estimating the average daily intakes of perchlorate. These approaches provided population-based estimates, but did not provide individual-level exposure estimates. Until recently, exposure activity database such as CSFII, TDS and NHANES become available and provide opportunities to evaluate the individual-level exposure to chemical using exposure surveillance dataset. In this study, we use perchlorate as an example to investigate the usefulness of urinary biomarker data for predicting exposures at the individual level. Specifically, two analyses were conducted: (1) using data from a controlled human study to examine the ability of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict perchlorate concentrations in single-spot and cumulative urine samples; and (2) using biomarker data from a population-based study and a PBPK model to demonstrate the challenges in linking urinary biomarker concentrations to intake doses for individuals. Results showed that the modeling approach was able to characterize the distribution of biomarker concentrations at the population level, but predicting the exposure-biomarker relationship for individuals was much more difficult. The type of information needed to reduce the uncertainty in estimating intake doses, for individuals, based on biomarker measurements is discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tan, Yu-Mei] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Yang, Yuching; Clewell, Harvey] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Blount, Benjamin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Murray, Clarence; Egan, Sara; Bolger, Michael] US FDA, College Pk, MD USA. RP Tan, YM (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM yyang@thehamner.org; tan.cecilia@epa.gov; bkb3@cdc.gov; Clarence.murray@fda.hhs.gov; Katie.egan@fda.hhs.gov; Philip.bolger@cfsan.fda.gov; hclewell@thehamner.org NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD AUG PY 2012 VL 88 IS 8 BP 1019 EP 1027 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.074 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 970VQ UT WOS:000306160800017 PM 22520969 ER PT J AU Agrawal, R Sikdar, SK AF Agrawal, Rakesh Sikdar, Subhas K. TI Energy, environment and sustainability challenges and opportunities for chemical engineers SO CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Agrawal, Rakesh] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sikdar, Subhas K.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Agrawal, R (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Forney Hall Chem Engn,480 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM agrawalr@purdue.edu; Sikdar.Subhas@epamail.epa.gov NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2211-3398 J9 CURR OPIN CHEM ENG JI Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 1 IS 3 BP 201 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.coche.2012.07.002 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA V39RT UT WOS:000209428800001 ER PT J AU Green, OO Shuster, WD Rhea, LK Garmestani, AS Thurston, HW AF Green, Olivia Odom Shuster, William D. Rhea, Lee K. Garmestani, Ahjond S. Thurston, Hale W. TI Identification and Induction of Human, Social, and Cultural Capitals through an Experimental Approach to Stormwater Management SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE urban stormwater management; green infrastructure; resilience; human capital; social capital; cultural capital; best management practices; private property; combined sewer overflow; economic incentive ID WATER; RUNOFF; SYSTEMS; STREAMS AB Decentralized stormwater management is based on the dispersal of stormwater management practices (SWMP) throughout a watershed to manage stormwater runoff volume and potentially restore natural hydrologic processes. This approach to stormwater management is increasingly popular but faces constraints related to land access and citizen engagement. We tested a novel method of environmental management through citizen-based stormwater management on suburban private land. After a nominal induction of human capital through an education campaign, two successive (2007, 2008) reverse auctions engaged residents to voluntarily bid on installation of SWMPs on their property. Cumulatively, 81 rain gardens and 165 rain barrels were installed on approximately one-third of the 350 eligible residential properties in the watershed, resulting in an estimated 360 m(3) increase in stormwater detention capacity. One surprising result was the abundance of zero dollar bids, indicating even a limited-effort human capital campaign was sufficient to enroll many participants. In addition, we used statistical methods to illustrate the significant role of social capital in forming clusters of adjacent properties that participated in bidding. This indicated that as participants shared their experiences, neighbors may have become more willing to trust the program and enroll. Significant agglomerations of participating properties may indicate a shift in neighborhood culture regarding stormwater management with positive implications for watershed health through the sustained induction of alternate capitals. C1 [Green, Olivia Odom; Shuster, William D.; Rhea, Lee K.; Garmestani, Ahjond S.; Thurston, Hale W.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Green, OO (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Green.Olivia@epa.gov; Shuster.William@epa.gov; Rhea.Lee@epa.gov; Garmestani.Ahjond@epa.gov; Thurston.Hale@epa.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 45 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD AUG PY 2012 VL 4 IS 8 BP 1669 EP 1682 DI 10.3390/su4081669 PG 14 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 213FZ UT WOS:000324041900002 ER PT J AU Carstens, K Anderson, J Bachman, P De Schrijver, A Dively, G Federici, B Hamer, M Gielkens, M Jensen, P Lamp, W Rauschen, S Ridley, G Romeis, J Waggoner, A AF Carstens, Keri Anderson, Jennifer Bachman, Pamela De Schrijver, Adinda Dively, Galen Federici, Brian Hamer, Mick Gielkens, Marco Jensen, Peter Lamp, William Rauschen, Stefan Ridley, Geoff Romeis, Joerg Waggoner, Annabel TI Genetically modified crops and aquatic ecosystems: considerations for environmental risk assessment and non-target organism testing SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Environmental risk assessment; Aquatic ecosystem; Non-target organism; Genetically modified crops ID NET-SPINNING CADDISFLIES; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS BT; ZEA-MAYS L.; STREAM INVERTEBRATES; HEADWATER STREAMS; MODIFIED PLANTS; WATER-QUALITY; ARTHROPOD PREDATORS; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; PROBLEM FORMULATION AB Environmental risk assessments (ERA) support regulatory decisions for the commercial cultivation of genetically modified (GM) crops. The ERA for terrestrial agroecosystems is well-developed, whereas guidance for ERA of GM crops in aquatic ecosystems is not as well-defined. The purpose of this document is to demonstrate how comprehensive problem formulation can be used to develop a conceptual model and to identify potential exposure pathways, using Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize as a case study. Within problem formulation, the insecticidal trait, the crop, the receiving environment, and protection goals were characterized, and a conceptual model was developed to identify routes through which aquatic organisms may be exposed to insecticidal proteins in maize tissue. Following a tiered approach for exposure assessment, worst-case exposures were estimated using standardized models, and factors mitigating exposure were described. Based on exposure estimates, shredders were identified as the functional group most likely to be exposed to insecticidal proteins. However, even using worst-case assumptions, the exposure of shredders to Bt maize was low and studies supporting the current risk assessments were deemed adequate. Determining if early tier toxicity studies are necessary to inform the risk assessment for a specific GM crop should be done on a case by case basis, and should be guided by thorough problem formulation and exposure assessment. The processes used to develop the Bt maize case study are intended to serve as a model for performing risk assessments on future traits and crops. C1 [Carstens, Keri; Anderson, Jennifer] Pioneer Hibred, DuPont Agr Biotechnol, Regulatory Sci, Ankeny, IA 50021 USA. [Bachman, Pamela; Jensen, Peter] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. [De Schrijver, Adinda] Sci Inst Publ Hlth, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Dively, Galen; Lamp, William] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Federici, Brian] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hamer, Mick] Syngenta, Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell, Berks, England. [Gielkens, Marco] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Expertise Ctr Subst, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Rauschen, Stefan] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Biol Plant Physiol 3, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. [Ridley, Geoff] Environm Risk Management Author, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Romeis, Joerg] Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Waggoner, Annabel] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biopesticides & Pollut Prevent Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Carstens, K (reprint author), Pioneer Hibred, DuPont Agr Biotechnol, Regulatory Sci, 2450 SE Oak Tree Ct, Ankeny, IA 50021 USA. EM keri.carstens@pioneer.com; jennifer.anderson@pioneer.com; pamela.m.bachman@monsanto.com; Adinda.DeSchrijver@wiv-isp.be; galen@umd.edu; brian.federici@ucr.edu; mick.hamer@syngenta.com; Marco.Gielkens@rivm.nl; peter.d.jensen@monsanto.com; lamp@umd.edu; rauschen@bio3.rwth-aachen.de; geoff.ridley@ermanz.govt.nz; joerg.romeis@art.admin.ch; waggoner.annabel@epa.gov RI Romeis, Joerg/J-5360-2013; Lamp, William/G-6081-2015; Rauschen, Stefan/L-8266-2016 OI Lamp, William/0000-0002-8565-1560; Rauschen, Stefan/0000-0002-0210-7915 FU Center for Environmental Risk Assessment; ILSI Research Foundation (Washington, DC); Agricultural Biotechnology Stewardship Technical Committee on Non-Target Organisms FX The authors wish to acknowledge the Center for Environmental Risk Assessment, ILSI Research Foundation (Washington, DC) and the Agricultural Biotechnology Stewardship Technical Committee on Non-Target Organisms for sponsoring the workshop on Problem Formulation for Biotech Crops and Aquatic Ecosystems, which was the stimulus for this manuscript. We wish to thank Morven McLean, Joel Coats, Rick Hellmich, Tony Shelton, Jeff Wolt, Gary Rand, Sid Abel, Chris Wozniak, Zig Vaituzis, Shannon Borges, Gail Tomimatsu, Joel Gagliardi, Joe Huesing, Rod Herman, Alison Chalmers, and Mike Patnaude for their participation in the discussions leading to this publication and for suggestions to improve the manuscript. Lastly, we wish to acknowledge Kara Califf for her editorial and technical writing contributions, as well as Ray Layton, Alan Raybould, and Chad Boeckman for constructive feedback during the preparation of this manuscript. NR 138 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 101 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 21 IS 4 BP 813 EP 842 DI 10.1007/s11248-011-9569-8 PG 30 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 972NJ UT WOS:000306283500010 PM 22120952 ER PT J AU Dutta, TK Dutta, A Chakraborty, J Sarkar, J Chowdhury, PP Gunsalus, IC AF Dutta, Tapan K. Dutta, Arindam Chakraborty, Joydeep Sarkar, Jayita Chowdhury, Piyali Pal Gunsalus, Irwin C. TI Purification and properties of reductase of the three-component p-cymene methyl hydroxylase from Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp aureofaciens SO PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Methyl hydroxylase; Reductase; p-Cymene; Monooxygenase; Pseudomonas; Purification ID UPPER-PATHWAY OPERON; TOL PLASMID PWW0; XYLENE MONOOXYGENASE; ALKANE HYDROXYLASE; ACCEPTOR REDUCTASE; LABILE SULFIDE; PUTIDA; GENE; IRON; IDENTIFICATION AB A novel three-component p-cymene methyl hydroxylase from Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens was reported earlier on the basis of genetic characterization and their expression catalyzing methyl group hydroxylation. This enzyme system was inductively synthesized when grown on p-cymene and had an important role in initiating p-cymene metabolism in vivo. In the present study, a NADH-dependent cytochrome c reductase protein has been purified to an electrophoretically homogeneous state and found to be involved in the hydroxylation of methyl group of p-cymene. Molecular mass of the reductase appears to be 38 kDa by SDS/PAGE and 39 kDa by gel filtration apart from one molecule of tightly bound FAD and two atoms each of iron and acid-labile sulfur per molecule of the enzyme. An apparent Km value of the enzyme for NADH is 32 +/- 1.2 mu M. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the purification of reductase component of p-cymene methyl hydroxylase. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dutta, Tapan K.; Dutta, Arindam; Chakraborty, Joydeep; Sarkar, Jayita; Chowdhury, Piyali Pal] Bose Inst, Dept Microbiol, Kolkata 700054, India. [Dutta, Tapan K.; Gunsalus, Irwin C.] US EPA, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Dutta, TK (reprint author), Bose Inst, Dept Microbiol, P-1-12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India. EM tapan@bic.boseinst.ernet.in FU National Research Council, USA; Bose Institute, Kolkata, India FX This manuscript is dedicated to the memory of I. C. Gunsalus (Gunny). This work was supported in part by a National Research Council Research Associate Award, USA (T.K.D.) and Bose Institute, Kolkata, India. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-5113 EI 1873-3298 J9 PROCESS BIOCHEM JI Process Biochem. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 47 IS 8 BP 1263 EP 1267 DI 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.04.021 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA 969DK UT WOS:000306035700007 ER PT J AU Kizito, F Dragila, MI Sene, M Brooks, JR Meinzer, FC Diedhiou, I Diouf, M Lufafa, A Dick, RP Selker, J Cuenca, R AF Kizito, F. Dragila, M. I. Sene, M. Brooks, J. R. Meinzer, F. C. Diedhiou, I. Diouf, M. Lufafa, A. Dick, R. P. Selker, J. Cuenca, R. TI Hydraulic redistribution by two semi-arid shrub species: Implications for Sahelian agro-ecosystems SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Agro-ecosystems; Annual food crops; Hydraulic redistribution; Sahel; Shrubs ID ROOT XYLEM EMBOLISM; PLANT WATER STATUS; IN-FIELD SOILS; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; NEOTROPICAL SAVANNA; NATIVE SHRUB; DOUGLAS-FIR; TREE ROOTS; SAP FLOW; LIFT AB Hydraulic redistribution is the process of passive water movement from deeper moist soil to shallower dry soil layers using plant roots as conduits. Results from this study indicate that this phenomenon exists among two shrub species (Guiera senegalensis and Piliostigma reticulatum) that co-exist with annual food crops in Sahelian agro-ecosystems. Real-time measurements were conducted for soil water content, soil water potential and microclimate variables notably: air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation and solar irradiance. Additionally, sap flow measurements were conducted in shrub roots using the thermal dissipation technique on intact and coppiced shrubs. Monthly predawn leaf water potential was measured using a portable pressure chamber. Soil water potential (Psi(s)) at the 20 cm depth declined significantly during the dry season with did l changes in Psi(s) of -0.6 to -1.1 MPa. These variations were attributed to passive water release from shrub roots resulting in overnight rewetting of drier upper soil layers. Sap flow Measurements on tap and lateral shrub roots indicated daily reversals in the direction of flow. During the peak of the dry season, both positive (toward shrub) and negative (toward soil) flows were observed in lateral shrub roots with sap flow in the lateral roots frequently negative at night and rapidly becoming positive soon after sunrise. The negative sap flow at night in superficial lateral roots and the periodic positive flow in the descending tap roots were indicative of hydraulic redistribution. Hydraulic redistribution may be an important mechanism for drought stress avoidance while maintaining plant physiological functions in both shrubs and neighboring annuals in water-limited environments. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kizito, F.] Int Water Management Inst, Accra, Ghana. [Dragila, M. I.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sene, M.; Diedhiou, I.; Diouf, M.] Inst Senegalais Rech Agr ISRA CERAAS, Thies Escale, Senegal. [Brooks, J. R.] US EPA, NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Meinzer, F. C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lufafa, A.] World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA. [Dick, R. P.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Selker, J.; Cuenca, R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bioengn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kizito, F (reprint author), Int Water Management Inst, PMB CT 112, Accra, Ghana. EM fredkizito@gmail.com RI Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012; OI Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774; Selker, John/0000-0001-9751-6094 FU National Science Foundation [0120732] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0120732. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Special gratitude goes to Joan Sandeno for proof reading this manuscript and to Rob Coulombe for his technical assistance on the construction of sap flow sensors. Appreciation goes to the EPA team in Corvallis, CERAAS and ISRA technicians in Senegal for all the field support rendered during the course of this research effort. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 45 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD AUG PY 2012 VL 83 BP 69 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.03.010 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 960CC UT WOS:000305364600009 ER PT J AU Vacchi-Suzzi, C Bauer, Y Berridge, BR Bongiovanni, S Gerrish, K Hamadeh, HK Letzkus, M Lyon, J Moggs, J Paules, RS Pognan, F Staedtler, F Vidgeon-Hart, MP Grenet, O Couttet, P AF Vacchi-Suzzi, Caterina Bauer, Yasmina Berridge, Brian R. Bongiovanni, Sandrine Gerrish, Kevin Hamadeh, Hisham K. Letzkus, Martin Lyon, Jonathan Moggs, Jonathan Paules, Richard S. Pognan, Francois Staedtler, Frank Vidgeon-Hart, Martin P. Grenet, Olivier Couttet, Philippe TI Perturbation of microRNAs in Rat Heart during Chronic Doxorubicin Treatment SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ANTHRACYCLINE CARDIOTOXICITY; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; CANCER; GENE; MECHANISMS; CELLS; RNA; REPLICATION; METASTASIS; FAILURE AB Anti-cancer therapy based on anthracyclines (DNA intercalating Topoisomerase II inhibitors) is limited by adverse effects of these compounds on the cardiovascular system, ultimately causing heart failure. Despite extensive investigations into the effects of doxorubicin on the cardiovascular system, the molecular mechanisms of toxicity remain largely unknown. MicroRNAs are endogenously transcribed non-coding 22 nucleotide long RNAs that regulate gene expression by decreasing mRNA stability and translation and play key roles in cardiac physiology and pathologies. Increasing doses of doxorubicin, but not etoposide (a Topoisomerase II inhibitor devoid of cardiovascular toxicity), specifically induced the up-regulation of miR-208b, miR-216b, miR-215, miR-34c and miR-367 in rat hearts. Furthermore, the lowest dosing regime (1 mg/kg/week for 2 weeks) led to a detectable increase of miR-216b in the absence of histopathological findings or alteration of classical cardiac stress biomarkers. In silico microRNA target predictions suggested that a number of doxorubicin-responsive microRNAs may regulate mRNAs involved in cardiac tissue remodeling. In particular miR-34c was able to mediate the DOX-induced changes of Sipa1 mRNA (a mitogen-induced Rap/Ran GTPase activating protein) at the post-transcriptional level and in a seed sequence dependent manner. Our results show that integrated heart tissue microRNA and mRNA profiling can provide valuable early genomic biomarkers of drug-induced cardiac injury as well as novel mechanistic insight into the underlying molecular pathways. C1 [Vacchi-Suzzi, Caterina; Bongiovanni, Sandrine; Letzkus, Martin; Moggs, Jonathan; Pognan, Francois; Staedtler, Frank; Grenet, Olivier; Couttet, Philippe] Novartis Inst Biomed Res, Basel, Switzerland. [Bauer, Yasmina] Actel Pharmaceut Ltd, Translat Sci Biol, Allschwil, Switzerland. [Berridge, Brian R.] GlaxoSmithKline, Safety Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gerrish, Kevin; Paules, Richard S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hamadeh, Hisham K.] Amgen Inc, Comparat Biol & Safety Sci, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. [Lyon, Jonathan; Vidgeon-Hart, Martin P.] GlaxoSmithKline, Investigat Preclin Toxicol, Ware, Herts, England. RP Vacchi-Suzzi, C (reprint author), Novartis Inst Biomed Res, Basel, Switzerland. EM philippe.couttet@novartis.com FU HESI Application of Genomics to Mechanism-Based Risk Assessment Technical Committee; International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI); Health and Environmental Sciences Institutes (HESI) FX This study was supported by the HESI Application of Genomics to Mechanism-Based Risk Assessment Technical Committee, whose work is funded through the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) and the Health and Environmental Sciences Institutes (HESI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 31 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e40395 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0040395 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 982LS UT WOS:000307045600007 PM 22859947 ER PT J AU Mar, KA Van Wyngarden, AL Liang, CW Lee, YT Lin, JJ Boering, KA AF Mar, Kathleen A. Van Wyngarden, Annalise L. Liang, Chi-Wei Lee, Yuan T. Lin, Jim J. Boering, Kristie A. TI A crossed beam study of O-18(P-3)+NO2 and O-18(D-1)+NO2: Isotope exchange and O-2+NO formation channels SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-ATOMS; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; MOLECULAR-BEAM; O ATOMS; NO3; OZONE; DEACTIVATION; PHOTOLYSIS; DYNAMICS; ENERGY AB The products and dynamics of the reactions O-18(P-3)+NO2 and O-18(D-1)+NO2 have been investigated using crossed beams and provide new constraints on the structures and lifetimes of the reactive nitrogen trioxide intermediates formed in collisions of O(P-3) and O(D-1) with NO2. For each reaction, two product channels are observed - isotope exchange and O-2+NO formation. From the measured product signal intensities at collision energies of similar to 6 to 9.5 kcal/mol, the branching ratio for O-2+NO formation vs. isotope exchange for the O(P-3)+NO2 reaction is 52(+6/-2)% to 48(+2/-6)%, while that for O(D-1)+NO2 is 97(+2/-12)% to 3(+12/-2)%. The branching ratio for the O(P-3)+NO2 reaction derived here is similar to the ratio measured in previous kinetics studies, while this is the first study in which the products of the O(D-1)+NO2 reaction have been determined experimentally. Product energy and angular distributions are derived for the O(P-3)+NO2 isotope exchange and the O(D-1)+NO2 -> O-2+NO reactions. The results demonstrate that the O(P-3)+NO2 isotope exchange reaction proceeds by an NO3* complex that is long-lived with respect to its rotational period and suggest that statistical incorporation of the reactant O-18 into the product NO2 (apart from zero point energy isotope effects) likely occurs. In contrast, the O-18(D-1)+NO2 -> O-2+NO reaction proceeds by a direct "stripping" mechanism via a short-lived O-18-O-NO* complex that results in the occurrence of O-18 in the product O-2 but not in the product NO. Similarly, O-18 is detected in O-2 but not NO for the O(P-3)+NO2 -> O-2+NO reaction. Thus, even though the product energy and angular distributions for O(P-3)+NO2 -> O-2+NO derived from the experimental data are uncertain, these results for isotope labeling under single collision conditions support previous kinetics studies that concluded that this reaction proceeds by an asymmetric O-18-O-NO* intermediate and not by a long-lived symmetric NO3* complex, as earlier bulk isotope labeling experiments had concluded. Applicability of these results to atmospheric chemistry is also discussed. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4736567] C1 [Mar, Kathleen A.; Van Wyngarden, Annalise L.; Boering, Kristie A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Van Wyngarden, Annalise L.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Chem, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Liang, Chi-Wei; Lee, Yuan T.; Lin, Jim J.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Liang, Chi-Wei; Lee, Yuan T.; Lin, Jim J.] Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei, Taiwan. [Boering, Kristie A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Mar, KA (reprint author), US EPA, Air Compliance Div, Reg 10, Seattle, WA USA. EM boering@berkeley.edu RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012 FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-0809973]; NSF; Berkeley Atmospheric Science Center; Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award; Academia Sinica FX This material is based upon work supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CHE-0809973 to UC Berkeley and for NSF Graduate Research Fellowships for K.M. and for A.V. while at UC Berkeley. We also gratefully acknowledge support from the Berkeley Atmospheric Science Center for fellowships for K.M. and A.V., from The Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award to K.B., from San Jose State University for start-up release time for A.V., and to The Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences from Academia Sinica. We thank Yu-Ju Lu for experimental assistance and Dr. Peter Connell for helpful atmospheric modeling discussions. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JUL 28 PY 2012 VL 137 IS 4 AR 044302 DI 10.1063/1.4736567 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 990DP UT WOS:000307611500024 PM 22852613 ER PT J AU Fox, JT Sakamuru, S Huang, RL Teneva, N Simmons, SO Xia, MH Tice, RR Austin, CP Myung, K AF Fox, Jennifer T. Sakamuru, Srilatha Huang, Ruili Teneva, Nedelina Simmons, Steven O. Xia, Menghang Tice, Raymond R. Austin, Christopher P. Myung, Kyungjae TI Reply to Kojo: Mechanisms of antioxidant-induced DNA damage SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter ID CANCER CELLS; IN-VIVO C1 [Fox, Jennifer T.; Teneva, Nedelina; Myung, Kyungjae] NHGRI, Genome Instabil Sect, Genet & Mol Biol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sakamuru, Srilatha; Huang, Ruili; Xia, Menghang; Austin, Christopher P.] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Simmons, Steven O.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Tice, Raymond R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Myung, K (reprint author), NHGRI, Genome Instabil Sect, Genet & Mol Biol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kmyung@mail.nih.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 24 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 30 BP E2029 EP E2029 DI 10.1073/pnas.1207795109 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 981TD UT WOS:000306992700002 ER PT J AU Yassine, MH Wu, SY Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Yassine, Mohamad H. Wu, Shuyun Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Partitioning Behavior of Petrodiesel/Biodiesel Blends in Water SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SURFACTANT PROPERTIES; DISTILLED WATER; AQUEOUS SYSTEMS; METHYL-ESTERS; DIESEL FUEL; CRUDE-OIL; N-ALKANES; HEAVY OIL; BIODIESEL AB The partitioning behavior of six petrodiesel/soybean-biodiesel blends (B0, B20, B40, B60, B80, and B100, where B100 is 100% unblended biodiesel) in water was investigated at various oil loads by the 10 fold dilution method. Five fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), C10-C20 n-alkanes, and four monoaromatic compounds were targeted for analysis. Only the aromatic compounds were partitioned according to Raoult's law at all oil loads. The partitioning of the FAMEs and n-alkanes at higher oil loads was found to be orders of magnitude higher than the reported aqueous solubilities of these compounds, and directly correlated with the amount of oil load applied. Depth filtration of the water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) significantly reduced the observed concentrations of the FAMEs and n-alkanes, but did not appreciably affect the aromatic compounds. The FAMEs and n-alkanes concentrations in the filtered WAFs agreed with the aqueous solubilities of those compounds reported in the literature, but the n-alkanes showed progressive deviations from those solubilities with the increase in the amount of biodiesel in the blends. Further dilution experiments on pure n-hexadecane confirmed the presence of a metastable colloidal phase that seems to be controlled by hydrophobic interactions and surface phenomena. The addition of biodiesel to the oil blend appeared to have a positive impact on the dissolved concentrations and the colloidal accommodation of the n-alkanes. Autoxidation of the biodiesel constituents was found to be significant, and increased with increasing oil loads. Chemical products such as hexanal, n-butyl acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate were positively identified among the FAMEs autoxidation byproducts. Our data suggest a positive enhancement for biodiesel on the formation of the oil in water colloidal phase, possibly by forming a surfactant-cosurfactant-like pair of the FAMEs and their autoxidation byproducts. C1 [Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. [Yassine, Mohamad H.; Wu, Shuyun] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Div, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, POB 11-0236 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. EM msuidan@aub.uc.edu.lb RI Yassine, Mohamad/C-1782-2016 OI Yassine, Mohamad/0000-0002-6813-4799 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Oil Spill Program, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, Cincinnati, OH [EP-C-11-006] FX This research was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Oil Spill Program, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division, Cincinnati, OH, under Contract No. EP-C-11-006, Work Assignment 1-19. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 14 BP 7487 EP 7494 DI 10.1021/es3009979 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 974MZ UT WOS:000306441000009 PM 22715904 ER PT J AU Kuder, T Wilson, JT Philp, P He, YT AF Kuder, Tomasz Wilson, John T. Philp, Paul He, Y. Thomas TI Carbon Isotope Fractionation in Reactions of 1,2-Dibromoethane with FeS and Hydrogen Sulfide SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED AQUIFER SEDIMENTS; SULFATE-REDUCING CONDITIONS; AIR-FORCE-BASE; IRON SULFIDE; STABLE CARBON; TRICHLOROETHYLENE DEGRADATION; REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS; NATURAL ATTENUATION AB EDB (1,2-dibromoethane) is frequently detected at sites impacted by leaded gasoline. In reducing environments, EDB is highly susceptible to abiotic degradation. A study was conducted to evaluate the potential of compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) in assessing. abiotic degradation of EDB in sulfate-reducing environments. Water containing EDB was incubated in sealed vials with various combinations of Na2S (<0.7 mM) and mackinawite (FeS) (180 mM). Degradation rates in vials containing FeS exceeded those in Na2S-only controls. In the presence of FeS, first-order constants ranged from 0.034 +/- 0.002 d(-1) at pH 6 to 0.081 +/- 0.005 d(-1) at pH 8.5. In the presence of FeS, products from reductive debromination (ethylene) and from S(N)2 substitution with S(II) nucleophiles were detected (1,2-dithioethane, DTA). Relatively, high yields of DTA suggested that the SN2 reactions were not mediated by HS- only but likely also included reactions mediated by FeS surface. Significant carbon isotope effects were observed for nucleophilic substitution by HS- (epsilon = -31.6 +/- 3.7 parts per thousand) and for a combination of reductive and substitution pathways in the presence of FeS (-30.9 +/- 0.7 parts per thousand), indicating good site assessment potential of CSIA. The isotope effects (KIEs) observed in the presence of FeS corroborated the predominance of S(N)2 substitution by nucleophiles combined with. two-electron transfer reductive debromination. C1 [Kuder, Tomasz; Philp, Paul] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Wilson, John T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [He, Y. Thomas] CNR, RS Kerr Environm Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Kuder, T (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, 100 E Boyd,Room 710, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM tkuder@ou.edu FU The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; IAG, U.S. EPA [RW57939929]; IAG, U.S. Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment [RW57939929]; Shaw Environmental [68-C-03-097] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded the research described here. Portions of this work were supported through IAG # RW57939929 "Identification of Mineral Substances that Enhance Natural Non-Biological Attenuation of Chlorinated Organic Contaminants in Ground Water" between U.S. EPA and the U.S. Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment. We gratefully acknowledge the analytical support provided to the U.S. EPA by Shaw Environmental (contract #68-C-03-097). NR 58 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 14 BP 7495 EP 7502 DI 10.1021/es300850x PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 974MZ UT WOS:000306441000010 PM 22676410 ER PT J AU Foley, KM Reich, BJ Napelenok, SL AF Foley, Kristen M. Reich, Brian J. Napelenok, Sergey L. TI Bayesian Analysis of a Reduced-Form Air Quality Model SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADJOINT SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; EMISSION REDUCTIONS; NONLINEAR RESPONSE; OZONE; UNCERTAINTY; ORDER AB Numerical air quality models are being used for assessing emission control strategies for improving ambient pollution levels across the globe. This paper applies probabilistic modeling to evaluate the effectiveness of emission reduction scenarios aimed at lowering ground level ozone concentrations A Bayesian hierarchical model is used to combine air quality model output and monitoring data in order to characterize the impact of emissions reductions while accounting for different degrees of uncertainty in the modeled emissions inputs. The probabilistic model predictions are weighted based on population density in order to better quantify the societal benefits/disbenefits of four hypothetical emission reduction scenarios in which domain wide NOx emissions from various sectors are reduced individually and then simultaneously. Cross validation analysis shows the statistical model performs well compared to observed ozone levels. Accounting for the variability and uncertainty in the emissions and atmospheric systems being modeled is shown to impact how emission reduction scenarios would be ranked, compared to standard methodology. C1 [Foley, Kristen M.; Napelenok, Sergey L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Reich, Brian J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Foley, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM foley.kristen@epa.gov RI Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014 OI Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445 FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX We thank Christian Hogrefe, Robert Pinder, and Norm Possiel from the USEPA for their comments and suggestions throughout the development of this work. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 14 BP 7604 EP 7611 DI 10.1021/es300666e PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 974MZ UT WOS:000306441000024 PM 22769063 ER PT J AU Adedeji, OB Durhan, EJ Garcia-Reyero, N Kahl, MD Jensen, KM LaLone, CA Makynen, EA Perkins, EJ Thomas, L Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT AF Adedeji, Olufemi B. Durhan, Elizabeth J. Garcia-Reyero, Natalia Kahl, Michael D. Jensen, Kathleen M. LaLone, Carlie A. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Perkins, Edward J. Thomas, Linnea Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. TI Short-Term Study Investigating the Estrogenic Potency of Diethylstilbesterol in the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA; IN-VIVO; VITELLOGENIN; ESTRADIOL; WATER; FISH; ETHYNYLESTRADIOL; ENVIRONMENT; NONYLPHENOL; EXPRESSION AB Diethylstilbestrol (DES) is a synthetic estrogen that has been banned for use in humans, but still is employed in livestock and aquaculture operations in some parts of the world. Detectable concentrations of DES in effluent and surface waters have been reported to range from slightly below 1 to greater than 10 ng/L. Little is known, however, concerning the toxicological potency of DES in fish. In this study, sexually mature fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) of both sexes were exposed to 1, 10, or 100 ng of DES/L of water in a flow-through system. Tissue concentrations of DES and changes in a number of estrogen-responsive end points were measured in the fish at the end of a 4 d exposure and after a 4 d depuration/recovery period in clean water. Accumulation of DES was sex dependent, with females exhibiting higher tissue residues than males after the 4 d exposure. The observed bioconcentration Of DES in the fish was about 1 order of magnitude lower than that predicted on the basis of the octanol-water partition coefficient of the chemical, suggesting relatively efficient metabolic clearance by the fish. Exposure to 1, 10, or 100 ng of DES/L caused decreased testis weight and morphological demasculinization of males (regression of dorsal nuptial tubercles). Diethylstilbesterol induced plasma vitellogenin (VTG) in both sexes at water concentrations >= 10 ng/L; this response (especially in males) persisted through the end of the 4 d recovery period. Hepatic transcripts of VTG and estrogen receptor-alpha also were affected at DES concentrations >= 10 ng/L. Evaluation of transcript profiles in the liver of females using a 15K gene fathead minnow microarray revealed a concentration dependent change in gene expression, with mostly up regulated transcripts after the exposure and substantial numbers of down-regulated gene products after depuration. genes previously identified as vitellogenesis-related and regulated by 17 beta-estradiol were significantly enriched among those differentially expressed following exposure to DES. Overall, our studies show that DES causes a range of responses in fish at water concentrations comparable to those reported in the environment and that in vivo potency of the estrogen is on par with that of the better-studied estrogenic contaminant 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol. C1 [Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Kahl, Michael D.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; LaLone, Carlie A.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Thomas, Linnea; Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. [Adedeji, Olufemi B.] Univ Ibadan, Dept Vet Publ Hlth & Preventat Med, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Garcia-Reyero, Natalia] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Genom Biocomp & Biotechnol, Starkville, MS USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Ctr Res & Dev, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov FU University of Ibadan/MacArthur Foundation; U.S. Army Environmental Quality Research Program [BAA 11-4838] FX This work was conducted while O.B.A. was a Visiting Scientist from the University of Ibadan (Nigeria), at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Mid-Continent Ecology Division in Duluth, MN. He was supported through the University of Ibadan/MacArthur Foundation staff development fund. We acknowledge the assistance of Charles Tyler from the University of Exeter (United Kingdom), who provided unpublished data concerning the in vitro potency of DES in fish. L. Earl Gray, Duane Huggett, and John Nichols provided helpful advice concerning interpretation of the DES data. Matt Weberg assisted with the QPCR analyses, and Lynn Escalon conducted the microarray hybridizations. Joe Tietge provided valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This work was partly funded by the U.S. Army Environmental Quality Research Program (including Grant BAA 11-4838). NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 14 BP 7826 EP 7835 DI 10.1021/es301043b PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 974MZ UT WOS:000306441000051 PM 22708615 ER PT J AU Aurell, J Gullett, BK Tabor, D Touati, A Oudejans, L AF Aurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K. Tabor, Dennis Touati, Abderrahmane Oudejans, Lukas TI Semivolatile and Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Wood-Fired Hydronic Heaters SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PCDD/F; COMBUSTION; BOILERS; DIOXINS; PELLETS; FUELS; WASTE; PCB AB Emissions including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), were sampled from different wood-fired hydronic heater (HH) technologies. Four commercially available HH technologies were studied: a single-stage conventional combustor with natural updraft, a three-stage downdraft combustion system, a bottom-fed pellet burner, and a two stage heater with both a combustion and gasification chamber. The fuel consisted of three wood types (red oak, white pine, and white ash), one hardwood pellet brand, and one fuel mixture containing 95% red oak and 5% residential refuse by weight The various HHs and fuel combinations were tested in a realistic homeowner fuel charging scenario. Differences in emission levels were found between HH technologies and fuel types. PCDD/PCDF emissions ranged from 0.004 to 0.098 ng toxic equivalency/MJ(input) and PAHs from 0.49 to 54 mg/MJ(input). The former was increased by the presence of 5% by weight refuse. The white pine fuel had the highest PAH emission factor, while the bottom fed pellet burner had the lowest. The major VOCs emitted were benzene, acetylene, and propylene. The highest emissions of PAHs, VOCs, and PCDDs/PCDFs were observed with the conventional unit, likely due to the rapid changes in combustion conditions effected by the damper opening and closing. C1 [Gullett, Brian K.; Tabor, Dennis] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Oudejans, Lukas] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Aurell, Johanna] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gullett.brian@epa.gov RI Aurell, Johanna/L-2046-2013 FU National Research Council at the U.S. EPA, NRMRL; New York State Energy Research and Development Authority; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was a cooperative research venture between New York State Energy and Development Authority and the U.S. EPA. Two tested units, the European pellet and U.S. Downdraft units, were generously loaned to the project. This research was performed while Johanna Aurell held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. EPA, NRMRL. Testing was aided with the cooperation of Sukh Sidhu and Moshan Kahandawala from the University of Dayton Research Institute and employees of ARCADIS U.S., Inc. This work was fully funded by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 17 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 14 BP 7898 EP 7904 DI 10.1021/es301197d PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 974MZ UT WOS:000306441000060 PM 22765760 ER PT J AU Jones-Lepp, TL Sanchez, C Alvarez, DA Wilson, DC Taniguchi-Fu, RL AF Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. Sanchez, Charles Alvarez, David A. Wilson, Doyle C. Taniguchi-Fu, Randi-Laurant TI Point sources of emerging contaminants along the Colorado River Basin: Source water for the arid Southwestern United States SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Emerging contaminants; Estrogenicity; Temporal variation; Colorado River Basin; Log D-ow ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT BACTERIA; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; WASTE-WATER; ILLICIT DRUGS; SURFACE-WATER; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TREATMENT PLANTS; PHARMACEUTICALS AB Emerging contaminants (ECs) (e.g., pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, personal care products) have been detected in waters across the United States. The objective of this study was to evaluate point sources of ECs along the Colorado River, from the headwaters in Colorado to the Gulf of California. At selected locations in the Colorado River Basin (sites in Colorado, Utah. Nevada, Arizona, and California), waste stream tributaries and receiving surface waters were sampled using either grab sampling or polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS). The grab samples were extracted using solid-phase cartridge extraction (SPE), and the POCIS sorbents were transferred into empty SPEs and eluted with methanol. All extracts were prepared for, and analyzed by, liquid chromatography-electrospray-ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-ITMS). Log D-ow values were calculated for all ECs in the study and compared to the empirical data collected. POCIS extracts were screened for the presence of estrogenic chemicals using the yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay. Extracts from the 2008 POCIS deployment in the Las Vegas Wash showed the second highest estrogenicity response. In the grab samples, azithromycin (an antibiotic) was detected in all but one urban waste stream, with concentrations ranging from 30 ng/L to 2800 ng/L Concentration levels of azithromycin, methamphetamine and pseudoephedrine showed temporal variation from the Tucson wvap. Those ECs that were detected in the main surface water channels (those that are diverted for urban use and irrigation along the Colorado River) were in the region of the limit-of-detection (e.g., 10 ng/L), but most were below detection limits. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Jones-Lepp, Tammy L.; Taniguchi-Fu, Randi-Laurant] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Sanchez, Charles] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Yuma Agr Ctr, Yuma, AZ USA. [Alvarez, David A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Wilson, Doyle C.] Publ Works Dept, Lake Havasu City, AZ USA. RP Jones-Lepp, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM jones-lepp.tammy@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 44 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 430 BP 237 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.053 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976KO UT WOS:000306583700030 PM 22684090 ER PT J AU Muennig, P Song, XY Payne-Sturges, DC Gee, GC AF Muennig, Peter Song, Xiaoyu Payne-Sturges, Devon C. Gee, Gilbert C. TI Blood and urine levels of long half-life toxicants by nativity among immigrants to the United States (vol 412, pg 109, 2011) SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Correction C1 [Muennig, Peter; Song, Xiaoyu] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Payne-Sturges, Devon C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gee, Gilbert C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Muennig, P (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 600 W 168th St,6th Floor, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM pm124@columbia.edu; payne-sturges.devon@epa.gov; gilgee@ucla.edu OI Muennig, Peter/0000-0002-4234-0498 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 430 BP 292 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.006 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 976KO UT WOS:000306583700036 ER PT J AU Barron, MG Jackson, CR Awkerman, JA AF Barron, Mace G. Jackson, Crystal R. Awkerman, Jill A. TI Evaluation of in silico development of aquatic toxicity species sensitivity distributions SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acute toxicity; Species sensitivity distribution; QSAR; Interspecies correlation estimation ID INTERSPECIES CORRELATION MODELS; FISH AB Determining the sensitivity of a diversity of species to environmental contaminants continues to be a significant challenge in ecological risk assessment because toxicity data are generally limited to a few standard test species. This study assessed whether species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) could be generated with reasonable accuracy using only in silico modeling of toxicity to aquatic organisms. Ten chemical!: were selected for evaluation that spanned several modes of actions and chemical classes. Median lethal concentrations (LC50s) were estimated using three internet-based quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) tools that employ different computational approaches: ECOSAR (Ecological Structure Activity Relationships), ASTER (Assessment Tools for the Evaluation of Risk), and TEST (Toxicity Estimation Software Tool). Each QSAR estimate was then used as input into the SSD module of the internet-based toxicity estimation program Web-ICE to generate an in silico estimated fifth percentile hazard concentration (HC5) for each of the ten chemicals. The accuracy of the estimated HC5s was determined by comparison to measured HC5s developed from an independent dataset of experimental acute toxicity values for a diversity of aquatic species. Estimated HC5s showed generally poor agreement with measured HC5s determined for all available aquatic species, but showed better agreement when species composition of the chemical specific SSDs were identical. These results indicated that LC50 variability and species composition were large sources of error in estimated HC5s. Additional research is needed to reduce uncertainty in HC5s using only in silico approaches and to develop computational approaches for predicting species sensitivity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Barron, Mace G.; Jackson, Crystal R.; Awkerman, Jill A.] US EPA, GED, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Barron, MG (reprint author), US EPA, GED, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM barron.mace@epa.gov NR 25 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD JUL 15 PY 2012 VL 116 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.02.006 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 945QK UT WOS:000304290900002 PM 22459408 ER PT J AU Kim, S Parks, CG Xu, ZL Carswell, G DeRoo, LA Sandler, DP Taylor, JA AF Kim, Sangmi Parks, Christine G. Xu, Zongli Carswell, Gleta DeRoo, Lisa A. Sandler, Dale P. Taylor, Jack A. TI Association between Genetic Variants in DNA and Histone Methylation and Telomere Length SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; EPIGENETIC REGULATION; METHYLTRANSFERASE BHMT; BETAINE-HOMOCYSTEINE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; ARGININE; DISEASE; HUMANS; FAMILY AB Telomere length, a biomarker of aging and age-related diseases, exhibits wide variation between individuals. Common genetic variation may explain some of the individual differences in telomere length. To date, however, only a few genetic variants have been identified in the previous genome-wide association studies. As emerging data suggest epigenetic regulation of telomere length, we investigated 72 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 46 genes that involve DNA and histone methylation as well as telomerase and telomere-binding proteins and DNA damage response. Genotyping and quantification of telomere length were performed in blood samples from 989 non-Hispanic white participants of the Sister Study, a prospective cohort of women aged 35-74 years. The association of each SNP with logarithmically-transformed relative telomere length was estimated using multivariate linear regression. Six SNPs were associated with relative telomere length in blood cells with p-values<0.05 (uncorrected for multiple comparisons). The minor alleles of BHMT rs3733890 G>A (p = 0.041), MTRR rs2966952 C>T (p = 0.002) and EHMT2 rs558702 G>A (p = 0.008) were associated with shorter telomeres, while minor alleles of ATM rs1801516 G>A (p = 0.031), MTR rs1805087 A>G (p = 0.038) and PRMT8 rs12299470 G>A (p = 0.019) were associated with longer telomeres. Five of these SNPs are located in genes coding for proteins involved in DNA and histone methylation. Our results are consistent with recent findings that chromatin structure is epigenetically regulated and may influence the genomic integrity of telomeric region and telomere length maintenance. Larger studies with greater coverage of the genes implicated in DNA methylation and histone modifications are warranted to replicate these findings. C1 [Kim, Sangmi] Georgia Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Canc, Sect Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Augusta, GA USA. [Kim, Sangmi; Parks, Christine G.; Xu, Zongli; DeRoo, Lisa A.; Sandler, Dale P.; Taylor, Jack A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Xu, Zongli; Carswell, Gleta; Taylor, Jack A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Kim, S (reprint author), Georgia Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Canc, Sect Hematol Oncol, Dept Med, Augusta, GA USA. EM sankim@georgiahealth.edu; taylor@niehs.nih.gov OI xu, zongli/0000-0002-9034-8902; taylor, jack/0000-0001-5303-6398; Parks, Christine/0000-0002-5734-3456; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES044005, Z01 ES049033] FX This research was supported by the Intramural Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01 ES044005 and Z01 ES049033). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 11 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 7 AR e40504 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0040504 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 973LU UT WOS:000306362400065 PM 22792358 ER PT J AU Devlin, RB Duncan, KE Jardim, M Schmitt, MT Rappold, AG Diaz-Sanchez, D AF Devlin, Robert B. Duncan, Kelly E. Jardim, Melanie Schmitt, Michael T. Rappold, Ana G. Diaz-Sanchez, David TI Controlled Exposure of Healthy Young Volunteers to Ozone Causes Cardiovascular Effects SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE autonomic nervous system; fibrinolysis; inflammation ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; VENTRICULAR-ARRHYTHMIAS; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; INFLAMMATION; MORTALITY; ASSOCIATION; POLLUTANTS; HUMANS AB Background-Recent epidemiology studies have reported associations between short-term ozone exposure and mortality. Such studies have previously reported associations between airborne particulate matter pollution and mortality, and support for a causal relationship has come from controlled-exposure studies that describe pathophysiological mechanisms by which particulate matter could induce acute mortality. In contrast, for ozone, almost no controlled-human-exposure studies have tested whether ozone exposure can modulate the cardiovascular system. Methods and Results-Twenty-three young healthy individuals were exposed in a randomized crossover fashion to clean air and to 0.3-ppm ozone for 2 hours while intermittently exercising. Blood was obtained immediately before exposure, immediately afterward, and the next morning. Continuous Holter monitoring began immediately before exposure and continued for 24 hours. Lung function was performed immediately before and immediately after exposure, and bronchoalveolar lavage was performed 24 hours after exposure. Immediately after ozone exposure, we observed a 98.9% increase in interleukin-8, a 21.4% decrease in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a 51.3% decrease in the high-frequency component of heart rate variability, and a 1.2% increase in QT duration. Changes in interleukin-1B and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were apparent 24 hours after exposure. In agreement with previous studies, we also observed ozone-induced drops in lung function and an increase in pulmonary inflammation. Conclusions-This controlled-human-exposure study shows that ozone can cause an increase in vascular markers of inflammation and changes in markers of fibrinolysis and markers that affect autonomic control of heart rate and repolarization. We believe that these findings provide biological plausibility for the epidemiology studies that associate ozone exposure with mortality. C1 [Devlin, Robert B.; Jardim, Melanie; Schmitt, Michael T.; Rappold, Ana G.; Diaz-Sanchez, David] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Duncan, Kelly E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Devlin, RB (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Lab MD 58D, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM devlin.robert@epa.gov NR 50 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 17 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 3 PY 2012 VL 126 IS 1 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.094359 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 981OG UT WOS:000306977100029 PM 22732313 ER PT J AU Menetrez, MY AF Menetrez, Marc Y. TI An Overview of Algae Biofuel Production and Potential Environmental Impact SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROALGA CHLORELLA-PROTOTHECOIDES; CARBON-DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION; ANAEROBIC MIXED CONSORTIA; CHEMICAL WASTE-WATER; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS; CULTURAL-CHARACTERISTICS; BIOHYDROGEN PRODUCTION; NITROGEN-SOURCES AB Algae are among the most potentially significant sources of sustainable biofuels in the future of renewable energy. A feedstock with virtually unlimited applicability, algae can metabolize various waste streams (e.g., municipal wastewater, carbon dioxide from industrial flue gas) and produce products with a wide variety of compositions and uses. These products include lipids, which can be processed into biodiesel; carbohydrates, which can be processed into ethanol; and proteins, which can be used for human and animal consumption. Algae are commonly genetically engineered to allow for advantageous process modification or optimization. However, issues remain regarding human exposure to algae-derived toxins, allergens, and carcinogens from both existing and genetically modified organisms (GMOs), as well as the overall environmental impact of GMOs. A literature review was performed to highlight issues related to the growth and use of algal products for generating biofuels. Human exposure and environmental impact issues are identified and discussed, as well as current research and development activities of academic, commercial, and governmental groups. It is hoped that the ideas contained in this paper will increase environmental awareness of issues surrounding the production of algae and will help the algae industry develop to its full potential. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Menetrez, MY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM menetrez.marc@epa.gov NR 122 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 15 U2 220 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 3 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 13 BP 7073 EP 7085 DI 10.1021/es300917r PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 966ZS UT WOS:000305876500026 PM 22681590 ER PT J AU Chen, GX Liu, XY Su, CM AF Chen, Gexin Liu, Xuyang Su, Chunming TI Distinct Effects of Humic Acid on Transport and Retention of TiO2 Rutile Nanoparticles in Saturated Sand Columns SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; POROUS-MEDIA; SURFACE-CHARGE; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; FILTRATION THEORY; SILICA SURFACES; WASTE-WATER; AGGREGATION AB The distinct effects of humic acid (HA, 0-10 mg L-1) on the transport of titanium dioxide (rutile) nanoparticles (nTiO(2)) through saturated sand columns were observed under conditions of environmental relevance (ionic strength 3-200 mM NaCl, pH 5.7 and 9.0). Specifically, the transport of nTiO(2) was dramatically enhanced in the presence of HA at pH 5.7, even at a low HA concentration of 1 mg L-1. The mobility of nTiO(2) was further increased with greater concentrations of HA. In contrast, this enhancement of the nTiO(2) transportability due to the presence of HA was limited at pH 9.0 because of the negligible adsorption of HA onto nTiO(2), regardless of the concentrations of HA examined in this study. The distinct effects can be explained by the adsorption behaviors of HA to nTiO(2) and sand surfaces and the resulting interactions between nTiO(2) and sand surfaces under different conditions, which resulted in a large variation of the nTiO(2) transport and deposition behaviors at various conditions. In addition, theoretical interaction energy calculations and additional elution experiments indicate that the secondary energy minimum played an important role in controlling the nTiO(2) transport and deposition in porous media observed in this study. Moreover, the interaction energy calculations suggest that at pH 5.7, HA affected nTiO(2) transport by increasing the negative surface charge of nTiO(2) at low HA adsorption densities; whereas, combinations of increased electrostatic and steric interactions due to the presence of HA were the main mechanisms of enhanced transportability of nTiO(2) at high HA adsorption densities. Overall, results from this study suggest that natural organic matter and solution pH are likely key factors that govern the stability and mobility of nTiO(2), in the natural aquatic environment. C1 [Chen, Gexin; Liu, Xuyang] US EPA, Natl Res Council Resident Res Associate, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Su, Chunming] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Chen, GX (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council Resident Res Associate, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM chen.gexin@epa.gov RI Chen, Gexin/A-9774-2010; Liu, Xuyang/F-3373-2011 FU National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FX This research was funded by the National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This article has not been subjected to an internal policy review of the U.S. EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency or its policy. We acknowledge Stephanie Burrage for her laboratory assistance through the U.S. EPA Environmental Research Apprenticeship Program (ERAP) at the Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Center. G.C. is thankful for the help of Dr. Bin Peng at the Southwestern College in Winfield, KS and Dr. Junqi Huang at the U.S. EPA with the Mat lab code. The authors are grateful to Dr. Yusong Li at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Dr. Sharon Walker at University of California, Riverside, and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped improve the quality of this work. NR 50 TC 65 Z9 72 U1 13 U2 93 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 3 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 13 BP 7142 EP 7150 DI 10.1021/es204010g PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 966ZS UT WOS:000305876500034 PM 22681399 ER PT J AU Faulkner, BR Brooks, JR Forshay, KJ Cline, SP AF Faulkner, Barton R. Brooks, J. Renee Forshay, Kenneth J. Cline, Steven P. TI Hyporheic flow patterns in relation to large river floodplain attributes SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hyporheic flow; Geomorphology; Floodplain age; MODFLOW; Willamette River; LiDAR ID WILLAMETTE RIVER; BED FORMS; EXCHANGE; OREGON; USA; SOLUTES; STREAM; ZONE AB Field-calibrated models of hyporheic flow have emphasized low-order headwater systems. In many cases, however, hyporheic flow in large lowland river floodplains may be an important contributor to ecosystem services such as maintenance of water quality and habitat. In this study, we used a network of shallow monitoring wells, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and continuous monitoring to parameterize and calibrate stochastic three-dimensional ground water models for a 9.7 km(2) (2400 acres) area along a naturally-meandering section of the Willamette River floodplain in Oregon. This large river floodplain is representative of other similar systems. Steady-state simulations were done representing the wet winter and dry summer seasons. During the dry season, hyporheic flow was oriented along the floodplain elevation gradient and median steady-state residence times in small islands and bars were on the order of months. In the larger islands steady-state residence times were on the order of years. In the wet season, flow was oriented laterally away from the river and quickly intercepted and returned to the surface water system in alcoves and cutoffs connected to the river, and recharge due to infiltration of precipitation prevented hyporheic flow through older island areas. In the younger islands, median steady-state residence times ranged from about 6.1 x 10(1) to 1.6 x 10(2) days. In the model domain overall, the steady-state dry season median pathline length was about 8.2 x 10(2) with a maximum length of about 5.7 x 10(3) m. For the wet season, the median was about 2.0 x 10(2) m with a maximum length of about 3.5 x 10(3) m. Wet season hyporheic water penetrated deeper into the lower permeability geologic units by an order of magnitude, as compared to the dry season. This was likely due to the absence of precipitation infiltration during the dry season. We used particle tracking in order to characterize residence time distributions for hyporheic water. We found two behaviors: lognormal decay with shorter distributions of residence times, and heavy tailing, following power-law behavior. Interestingly, we found the heavy tailing behavior more during the wet season when mean residence times were short. This result implies that even though some rates of hyporheic flow were relatively fast, there were also zones of relatively stagnant water causing this large variation in residence time. Observed slopes for log-log plots of the histograms fell in the range of 2.3-5.6. This behavior appeared to be restricted to regions affected by natural river meandering, where avulsions create isolated islands. In some areas, land managers may consider revetment removal as a means to convert channelized systems to more natural systems with shallower depths in the main channel, meander scrolls, and alcoves that can enhance hyporheic flow. The results of this study provide information on how such decisions may affect the extent of hyporheic flow that may occur as a large river returns to its natural geomorphological dynamics. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Faulkner, Barton R.; Forshay, Kenneth J.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Brooks, J. Renee; Cline, Steven P.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Faulkner, BR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM faulkner.bart@epa.gov; brooks.reneej@epa.gov; forshay.ken@epa.gov; cline.steve@epa.gov RI Forshay, Ken/N-4068-2014; Forshay, Kenneth/P-3649-2015; OI Forshay, Ken/0000-0002-2867-8492; Forshay, Kenneth/0000-0002-2867-8492; Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank the Board of the McKenzie River Trust and Chris Vogel and Joe Moll for facilitating access to the Green Island project site and for their constructive input in many aspects of this research. We also thank Peter Beedlow, Connie Burdick, Marilyn Erway, Justin Groves, Gail Heine, Ashley McElmurry, Dan Rasor, Marjorie Storm, and Ron Waschmann for their invaluable assistance. The manuscript was greatly improved thanks to many constructive comments from Fulvio Boano, an anonymous reviewer. We thank Associate Editor Ercan Kahya, and Steve Vandegrift and Robert Ozretich for their helpful comments as well. We thank David Hulse, Stanley Gregory, and Jim Wigington for their encouragement and input on this work. The US Environmental Protection Agency funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUL 2 PY 2012 VL 448 BP 161 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.04.039 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 969HE UT WOS:000306045500015 ER PT J AU Golomb, E Matza, D Cummings, CA Schwalb, H Kodavanti, UP Schneider, A Houminer, E Korach, A Nyska, A Shapira, OM AF Golomb, Eliahu Matza, Didi Cummings, Connie A. Schwalb, Herzl Kodavanti, Urmila P. Schneider, Aviva Houminer, Esther Korach, Amit Nyska, Abraham Shapira, Oz M. TI Myocardial Mitochondrial Injury Induced by Pulmonary Exposure to Particulate Matter in Rats SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air pollution; cardiotoxicity; ischemic tolerance; mitochondria; MTT; particulate matter ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; DIESEL-EXHAUST INHALATION; SIMULATED ISCHEMIC-INJURY; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; OIL FLY-ASH; AIR-POLLUTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; SYSTEMIC TRANSLOCATION; OCCULT CARDIOTOXICITY AB Exposure to air pollution has been associated with acute myocardial ischemia, impaired myocardrial function, and ST-segment depression. Particulate matter (PM)-associated metals, especially vanadium and nickel, have been implicated in observed cardiovascular impairments. We aimed to assess the effect of single intratracheal pulmonary exposure to vanadium-rich respirable oil combustion PM (HP-10) on the intrinsic myocardial ischemic tolerance and mitochondrial integrity in rats. The authors subjected isolated heart tissue slices derived from saline or PM-exposed rats to low glucose low oxygen induced ischemia followed by oxygenated condition with glucose supplementation. Mitochondrial structural integrity was determined by TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and functionality by the 3-(4, 5 dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Rats exposed to PM exhibited no apparent inhibition of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in oxygenated conditions at 24 or 48 hr post-PM exposure. However, in conditions of simulated ischemia/reoxygenation, these heart slices showed a delayed but consistent and significant decrease in dehydrogenase activity compared to controls at 48 hr after exposure to PM. Electron microscopy revealed significant myocardial mitochondrial injury upon exposure to PM characterized by mitochondrial swelling and fusion. The authors conclude that exposure to soluble vanadium-rich PM induces mitochondrial functional impairment and structural abnormality, which compromises mitochondrial respiration and results in decreased tolerance to ischemia/reoxygenation in rats. C1 [Golomb, Eliahu] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Sch Med, Shaare Zedek Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. [Matza, Didi; Schwalb, Herzl; Schneider, Aviva; Houminer, Esther; Korach, Amit; Shapira, Oz M.] Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Cardiovasc & Thorac Res Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. [Cummings, Connie A.] UltraPath Imaging, Durham, NC USA. [Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Dept Pathol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Shapira, OM (reprint author), Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Med Ctr, Cardiovasc & Thorac Res Ctr, Dept Cardiothorac Surg, POB 12000, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. EM ozshapira@hadassah.org.il FU Aaron Beare Foundation, South Africa FX This article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and the policies of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This study was supported by the Aaron Beare Foundation, South Africa. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 EI 1533-1601 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 40 IS 5 BP 779 EP 788 DI 10.1177/0192623312441409 PG 10 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 119CX UT WOS:000317075900008 PM 22549975 ER PT J AU Zhan, AB Darling, JA Bock, DG Lacoursiere-Roussel, A MacIsaac, HJ Cristescu, ME AF Zhan, Aibin Darling, John A. Bock, Dan G. Lacoursiere-Roussel, Anais MacIsaac, Hugh J. Cristescu, Melania E. TI Complex genetic patterns in closely related colonizing invasive species SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Ciona intestinalis; genetic complexity; phylogeography; population genetics; selection/local adaptation; solitary ascidian ID EUCYCLOGOBIUS-NEWBERRYI TELEOSTEI; CIONA-INTESTINALIS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; BIOGEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARY; EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; POINT CONCEPTION; MARINE DISPERSAL AB Anthropogenic activities frequently result in both rapidly changing environments and translocation of species from their native ranges (i.e., biological invasions). Empirical studies suggest that many factors associated with these changes can lead to complex genetic patterns, particularly among invasive populations. However, genetic complexities and factors responsible for them remain uncharacterized in many cases. Here, we explore these issues in the vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis (Ascidiacea:Enterogona: Cionidae), a model species complex, of which spA and spB are rapidly spreading worldwide. We intensively sampled 26 sites (N = 873) from both coasts of North America, and performed phylogenetic and population genetics analyses based on one mitochondrial fragment (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 -NADH dehydrogenase subunit I, COX3-ND1) and eight nuclear microsatellites. Our analyses revealed extremely complex genetic patterns in both species on both coasts. We detected a contrasting pattern based on the mitochondrial marker: two major genetic groups in C. intestinalis spA on the west coast versus no significant geographic structure in C. intestinalis spB on the east coast. For both species, geographically distant populations often showed high microsatellite-based genetic affinities whereas neighboring ones often did not. In addition, mitochondrial and nuclear markers provided largely inconsistent genetic patterns. Multiple factors, including random genetic drift associated with demographic changes, rapid selection due to strong local adaptation, and varying propensity for human-mediated propagule dispersal could be responsible for the observed genetic complexities. C1 [Zhan, Aibin; Bock, Dan G.; MacIsaac, Hugh J.; Cristescu, Melania E.] Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Darling, John A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Lacoursiere-Roussel, Anais] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. RP Zhan, AB (reprint author), Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. EM zhanaibin@hotmail.com RI Zhan, Aibin/A-7240-2011 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canadian Aquatic Invasive Species Network (CAISN); Discovery Accelerator Supplement grant; Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation; Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT); Quebec-Ocean; McGill University; United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development FX This work was supported by research grants from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Canadian Aquatic Invasive Species Network (CAISN) to M. E. C. and H. J. M., a Discovery Accelerator Supplement grant to H. J. M., and an Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation Early Researcher Award to M. E. C. A. L. R. was supported by scholarships from Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Quebec-Ocean and McGill University. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. NR 71 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 2 IS 7 BP 1331 EP 1346 DI 10.1002/ece3.258 PG 16 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 055WK UT WOS:000312448400001 PM 22957143 ER PT J AU Mukerjee, S Willis, RD Walker, JT Hammond, D Norris, GA Smith, LA Welch, DP Peters, TM AF Mukerjee, Shaibal Willis, Robert D. Walker, John T. Hammond, Davyda Norris, Gary A. Smith, Luther A. Welch, David P. Peters, Thomas M. TI Seasonal effects in land use regression models for nitrogen dioxide, coarse particulate matter, and gaseous ammonia in Cleveland, Ohio SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Land use regression (LUR); Urban air quality; Traffic ID PASSIVE AEROSOL SAMPLER; SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; URBAN AREA; EL-PASO; NO2; INDICATORS; PREDICTION; EMISSIONS; PM10-2.5; EXPOSURE AB Passive ambient air sampling for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), coarse particulate matter (PMc), and gaseous ammonia (NH3) was conducted at 22 monitoring sites, a compliance site, and a background site in the Cleveland, Ohio, USA area during summer 2009 and winter 2010. This air monitoring network was established to assess intra-urban gradients of air pollutants and evaluate the impact of traffic and urban emissions on air quality. Method evaluations of passive monitors, which were weeklong in duration for NO2 and PMc and two-weeklong for NH3, demonstrated the ability of the NO2 and NH3 monitors to adequately measure air pollution concentrations, while the precision of the PMc sampler showed the need for improvement. Seasonal differences were obvious from visual inspection for NO2 (higher in winter) and NH3 (higher in summer) but were less apparent for PMc levels. Land use regression models (LURs) revealed spatial gradients for NO2 and PMc from traffic and industrial sources. A strong summer/winter seasonal influence was detected in the LURs, with season being the only significant predictor of NH3. Explicit use of summer and winter seasons in the LURs revealed both a seasonal effect, per se, and also seasonal interaction with other predictor variables. (C) Author(s) 2012. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. C1 [Mukerjee, Shaibal; Willis, Robert D.; Hammond, Davyda; Norris, Gary A.] US Environm Protect Agcy E205 03, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Walker, John T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Smith, Luther A.; Welch, David P.] Alion Sci & Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Peters, Thomas M.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Mukerjee, S (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy E205 03, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mukerjee.shaibal@epa.gov RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-05-065, EP09D000166, EP09D000463, EP11D000019, EP09D000414, EP10D000471] FX For their roles in various aspects of the study, we thank the following: Matthew Landis, Russell Long, Mark Conti, Lawrence Ling of EPA; Eric Sawvel of the University of Iowa helped in the deployment of the summer and winter passive samplers; George Baker of CDAQ; Bill Davis of the Northeast Ohio Areawide Coordinating Agency; Mariko Porter, Dennis Williams, Fred Blanchard, Hunter Daughtrey, Chris Fortune of Alion; Roger West and Gary Casuccio of RJ Lee Group, Inc. analyzed the UNC passive samples. We thank Dr. Wayne Robarge and Guillermo Ramirez (North Carolina State University, Department of Soil Science) for preparation and analysis of passive NH3 samplers. We also thank the cities of Cleveland, Lakewood, Brooklyn Heights and Cuyahoga Heights for allowing us to use their fire stations. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under contracts EP-D-05-065 to Alion; EP09D000166, EP09D000463 and EP11D000019 to the University of Iowa; and EP09D000414 and EP10D000471 to RJ Lee Group, Inc. The paper has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 28 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 3 IS 3 BP 352 EP 361 DI 10.5094/APR.2012.039 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 029SH UT WOS:000310515500011 ER PT J AU Tomasino, SF Pines, RM Hamilton, GC AF Tomasino, Stephen F. Pines, Rebecca M. Hamilton, Gordon C. TI Procedural Revision to the Use-Dilution Methods: Establishment of Maximum Log Density Value for Test Microbes on Inoculated Carriers SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The AOAC Use-Dilution Methods, 955.15 (Staphylococcus aureus) and 964.02 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), were revised in 2009 to include a standardized procedure to measure the log density of the test microbe and to establish a minimum mean log density value of 6.0 (geometric mean of 1.0 x 10(6) CFUlcarrier) to qualify the test results. This report proposes setting a maximum mean log density value of 7.0 (geometric mean of 1.0 x 10(7) CFU/carrier) to further standardize the procedure. The minimum value was based on carrier count data collected by four laboratories over an 8-year period (1999-2006). The data have been updated to include an additional 4 years' worth of data (2006-2010) collected by the same laboratories. A total of 512 tests were conducted on products bearing claims against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with and without an organic soil load (OSL) added to the inoculum (as specified on the product label claim). Six carriers were assayed in each test, for a total of 3072 carriers. Mean log densities for each of the 512 tests were at least 6.0. With the exception of two tests, one for P. aeruginosa without OSL and one for S. aureus with OSL, the mean log densities did not exceed 7.5 (geometric mean of 3.2x 10(7) CFU/carrier). Across microbes and OSL treatments, the mean log density (+/- SEM) was 6.80 (+/- 0.07) per carrier (a geometric mean of 6.32x 10(6) CFU/carrier) and acceptable repeatability (0.28) and reproducibility (0.31) SDs were exhibited. A maximum mean log density per carrier of 7.0 is being proposed here as a validity requirement for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. A modification to the method to allow for dilution of the final test cultures to achieve carrier counts within 6.0-7.0 logs is also being proposed. Establishing a range of 6.0-7.0 logs will help improve the reliability of the method and should allow for more consistent results within and among laboratories. C1 [Tomasino, Stephen F.; Pines, Rebecca M.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. [Hamilton, Gordon C.] Big Sky Stat Analysts, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epa.gov NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 95 IS 4 BP 1059 EP 1063 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 994CB UT WOS:000307907400014 PM 22970572 ER PT J AU Karaoulis, M Revil, A Zhang, J Werkema, DD AF Karaoulis, M. Revil, A. Zhang, J. Werkema, D. D. TI Time-lapse joint inversion of crosswell DC resistivity and seismic data: A numerical investigation SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL INDUCED POLARIZATION; OIL-BEARING SANDS; HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; FAST MARCHING METHOD; SHALY SANDS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; COMPLEX CONDUCTIVITY; WAVE VELOCITIES; 2-PHASE FLOW; PERMEABILITY AB Time-lapse joint inversion of geophysical data is required to image the evolution of oil reservoirs during production and enhanced oil recovery, CO2 sequestration, geothermal fields during production, and to monitor the evolution of contaminant plumes.. Joint inversion schemes reduce space-related artifacts in filtering out noise that is spatially uncorrelated, and time-lapse inversion algorithms reduce time-related artifacts in filtering out noise that is uncorrelated over time. There are several approaches that are possible to perform the joint inverse problem. In this work, we investigate the structural crossgradient (SCG) joint inversion approach and the crosspetrophysical (CP) approach, which are appropriate for time-lapse problems. In the first case, the inversion scheme looks for models with structural similarities. In the second case, we use a direct relationship between the geophysical parameters. Time-lapse inversion is performed with an actively time-constrained (ATC) approach. In this approach, the subsurface is defined as a space-time model. All the snapshots are inverted together assuming a regularization of the sequence of snapshots over time. First, we showed the advantage of combining the SCG or CP inversion approaches and the ATC inversion by using a synthetic problem corresponding to crosshole seismic and DC-resistivity data and piecewise constant resistivity and seismic velocity distributions. We also showed that the combined SCG/ATC approach reduces the presence of artifacts with respect to individual inversion of the resistivity and seismic data sets, as well as with respect to the joint inversion of both data sets at each time step. We also performed a synthetic study using a secondary oil recovery problem. The combined CP/ATC approach was successful in retrieving the position of the oil/water encroachment front. C1 [Karaoulis, M.; Revil, A.; Zhang, J.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Revil, A.] Univ Savoie, UMR CNRS 5275, CNRS, ISTerre, Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Werkema, D. D.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, ESD,CMB, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Karaoulis, M (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM mkaraoulis@mines.edu; arevil@mines.edu; junzhang@mymail.mines.edu; Werkema.D@epamail.epa.gov RI Karaoulis, Marios/C-9977-2013 FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development [EP10D00437]; Petroleum Institute of Abu Dhabi; Chevron Energy Technology Company [CW852844]; DOE (Geothermal Technology Advancement for Rapid Development of Resources in the U.S., GEODE) [DE-EE0005513] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and collaborated in partially the research described here under contract #EP10D00437 to Marios Karaoulis). It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. We acknowledge funding from the Petroleum Institute of Abu Dhabi, Chevron Energy Technology Company (Grant #CW852844), and DOE (Geothermal Technology Advancement for Rapid Development of Resources in the U.S., GEODE, Award #DE-EE0005513) for funding, Max Meju, Luis Gallardo, and two anonymous referees for their very constructive reviews and the Associate Editor, Carlos Torres-Verdin, for his work. NR 74 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 19 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 77 IS 4 BP D141 EP D157 DI 10.1190/GEO2012-0011.1 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 992SK UT WOS:000307799800013 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Ward, WO Ren, HZ Vallanat, B Darlington, GJ Han, ES Laguna, JC DeFord, JH Papaconstantinou, J Selman, C Corton, JC AF Lee, Janice S. Ward, William O. Ren, Hongzu Vallanat, Beena Darlington, Gretchen J. Han, Eun-Soo Laguna, Juan C. DeFord, James H. Papaconstantinou, John Selman, Colin Corton, J. Christopher TI Meta-analysis of gene expression in the mouse liver reveals biomarkers associated with inflammation increased early during aging SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Aging; Longevity; Liver; Meta-analysis; Microarrays; Xenobiotic metabolism; Inflammation ID AMES DWARF MICE; LONGEVITY-ASSOCIATED GENES; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; CALORIC RESTRICTION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILE; MITOCHONDRIAL-FUNCTION; XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM; LYMPHOID NEOGENESIS; UP-REGULATION AB Aging is associated with a loss of cellular homeostasis, a decline in physiological function and an increase in various pathologies. Employing a meta-analysis, hepatic gene expression profiles from four independent mouse aging studies were interrogated. There was little overlap in the number of genes or canonical pathways perturbed, suggesting that independent study-specific factors may play a significant role in determining age-dependent gene expression. However, 43 genes were consistently altered during aging in three or four of these studies, including those that (1) exhibited progressively increased expression starting from 12 months of age, (2) exhibited similar expression changes in models of progeria at young ages and dampened or no changes in old longevity mouse models, (3) were associated with inflammatory tertiary lymphoid neogenesis (TLN) associated with formation of ectopic lymphoid structures observed in chronically inflamed tissues, and (4) overlapped with genes perturbed by aging in brain, muscle, and lung. Surprisingly, around half of the genes altered by aging in wild-type mice exhibited similar expression changes in adult long-lived mice compared to wild-type controls, including those associated with intermediary metabolism and feminization of the male-dependent gene expression pattern. Genes unique to aging in wild-type mice included those linked to TLN. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Lee, Janice S.; Ward, William O.; Ren, Hongzu; Vallanat, Beena; Corton, J. Christopher] US EPA, NCEA, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ren, Hongzu; Vallanat, Beena] US EPA, NHEERL Toxicogen Core, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Darlington, Gretchen J.] Baylor Coll Med, Huffington Ctr Aging, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Darlington, Gretchen J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Han, Eun-Soo] Univ Tulsa, Dept Biol Sci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Laguna, Juan C.] Univ Barcelona, Pharmacol Unit, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut Chem, Sch Pharm, Barcelona, Spain. [DeFord, James H.; Papaconstantinou, John] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Selman, Colin] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), US EPA, NCEA, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lee.janices@epa.gov; ward.william@epa.gov; ren.hongzu@epa.gov; vallanat.beena@epa.gov; gretchen@bcm.tmc.edu; eun-han@utulsa.edu; jclagunae@ub.edu; jhdeford@utmb.edu; jpapacon@utmb.edu; c.selman@abdn.ac.uk; corton.chris@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 79 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing Dev. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 133 IS 7 BP 467 EP 478 DI 10.1016/j.mad.2012.05.006 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 991IL UT WOS:000307694600001 PM 22704917 ER PT J AU Sidle, RC Ziegler, AD AF Sidle, Roy C. Ziegler, Alan D. TI The dilemma of mountain roads SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SOUTHEAST-ASIA; FOREST; EROSION; RATES C1 [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Ziegler, Alan D.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Geog, Singapore 119077, Singapore. RP Sidle, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Sidle.Roy@epa.gov; geoadz@nus.edu NR 11 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 5 IS 7 BP 437 EP 438 DI 10.1038/ngeo1512 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 983DM UT WOS:000307098400004 ER PT J AU El Badawy, AM Scheckel, KG Suidan, M Tolaymat, T AF El Badawy, Amro M. Scheckel, Kirk G. Suidan, Makram Tolaymat, Thabet TI The impact of stabilization mechanism on the aggregation kinetics of silver nanoparticles SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Silver nanoparticles; Aggregation; Critical coagulation concentration; Stabilization mechanism ID DIVALENT ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; SURFACE-CHARGE; FLY-ASH; MONOVALENT; POLYSTYRENE; PARTICLES; STABILITY; WATER AB The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for various applications is growing drastically. The increase in use will eventually lead to their release into the environment. The tendency of AgNPs to aggregate and the kinetics of aggregation are major factors that govern their fate in the environment Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was utilized to investigate the electrolyte-induced aggregation kinetics (NaNO3, NaCl and Ca(NO3)(2)) of coated and uncoated AgNPs which are electrostatically (H-2-AgNPs and Citrate-AgNPs), sterically (polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-AgNPs) and electrosterically (branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI)-AgNPs) stabilized. The aggregation kinetics of the electrostatically stabilized AgNPs was in agreement with the classical Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory and the AgNPs exhibited both reaction-limited and diffusion-limited regimes. The H-2-AgNPs had critical coagulation concentrations (CCC) of 25, 30 and 3 mM in the presence of NaNO3, NaCl and Ca(NO3)(2) salts, respectively. The Citrate-AgNPs had CCC of 70, 70 and 5 mM in the presence of NaNO3, NaCl and Ca(NO3)(2) salts, respectively. The values of the Hamaker constant for the electrostatically stabilized AgNPs were also determined and the values were in agreement with the reported values for metallic particles. The aggregation kinetics for both the sterically and electrosterically stabilized AgNPs (PVP-AgNPs and BPEI-AgNPs) was not in agreement with the DLVO theory and the particles were resistant to aggregation even at high ionic strength and electrolyte valence. The PVP-AgNPs and the BPEI-AgNPs had no critical aggregation concentration value at the investigated ionic strength values. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Scheckel, Kirk G.; Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [El Badawy, Amro M.; Suidan, Makram] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Tolaymat, T (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. EM elbadaam@mail.uc.edu; scheckel.kirk@epa.gov; makram.suidan@uc.edu; tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009 OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development FX This research was funded by the NRMRL of the USEPA, Office of Research and Development. The manuscript has not been subjected to the agency's internal review, therefore, the opinions expressed in this manuscript are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. NR 27 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 6 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 429 BP 325 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.041 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 982ZG UT WOS:000307085100029 PM 22578844 ER PT J AU Endres, SM Green, BJ Henneberger, PK Germolec, DR Bledsoe, TA Beezhold, DH London, SJ Alavanja, MC Freeman, LEB Hoppin, JA AF Endres, Stacy M. Green, Brett J. Henneberger, Paul K. Germolec, Dori R. Bledsoe, Toni A. Beezhold, Donald H. London, Stephanie J. Alavanja, Michael C. Freeman, Laura E. Beane Hoppin, Jane A. TI Fungal and atopic sensitization are low among farmers in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Endres, Stacy M.; London, Stephanie J.; Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Germolec, Dori R.; Alavanja, Michael C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Toxicol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Endres, Stacy M.; Henneberger, Paul K.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Green, Brett J.; Bledsoe, Toni A.; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD USA. RP Endres, SM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES049030-15, Z01 ES049030-12]; NCI NIH HHS [Z01 CP010119, Z01-CP010119]; NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01 ES000001, Y1-ES-0001, Z01 ES049030] NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 EI 1097-6825 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 130 IS 1 BP 267 EP 270 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.04.018 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 977GN UT WOS:000306644800040 PM 22633325 ER PT J AU Kavlock, R Chandler, K Houck, K Hunter, S Judson, R Kleinstreuer, N Knudsen, T Martin, M Padilla, S Reif, D Richard, A Rotroff, D Sipes, N Dix, D AF Kavlock, Robert Chandler, Kelly Houck, Keith Hunter, Sid Judson, Richard Kleinstreuer, Nicole Knudsen, Thomas Martin, Matt Padilla, Stephanie Reif, David Richard, Ann Rotroff, Daniel Sipes, Nisha Dix, David TI Update on EPA's ToxCast Program: Providing High Throughput Decision Support Tools for Chemical Risk Management SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY RESOURCE; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; CELLS; MODEL; ASSAY; PROTECTION; ZEBRAFISH; GENOMICS; MOUSE AB The field of toxicology is on the cusp of a major transformation in how the safety and hazard of chemicals are evaluated for potential effects on human health and the environment. Brought on by the recognition of the limitations of the current paradigm in terms of cost, time, and throughput, combined with the ever increasing power of modern biological tools to probe mechanisms of chemical-biological interactions at finer and finer resolutions, 21st century toxicology is rapidly taking shape. A key element of the new approach is a focus on the molecular and cellular pathways that are the targets of chemical interactions. By understanding toxicity in this manner, we begin to learn how chemicals cause toxicity, as opposed to merely what diseases or health effects they might cause. This deeper understanding leads to increasing confidence in identifying which populations might be at risk, significant susceptibility factors, and key influences on the shape of the dose-response curve. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated the ToxCast, or "toxicity forecaster", program 5 years ago to gain understanding of the strengths and limitations of the new approach by starting to test relatively large numbers (hundreds) of chemicals against an equally large number of biological assays. Using computational approaches, the EPA is building decision support tools based on ToxCast in vitro screening results to help prioritize chemicals for further investigation, as well as developing predictive models for a number of health outcomes. This perspective provides a summary of the initial, proof of concept, Phase I of ToxCast that has laid the groundwork for the next phases and future directions of the program. C1 [Kavlock, Robert; Chandler, Kelly; Houck, Keith; Judson, Richard; Kleinstreuer, Nicole; Knudsen, Thomas; Martin, Matt; Reif, David; Richard, Ann; Rotroff, Daniel; Sipes, Nisha; Dix, David] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chandler, Kelly; Padilla, Stephanie] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kavlock, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kavlock.robert@epa.gov RI Martin, Matthew/A-1982-2013; OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-8096-9908; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767; Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 NR 54 TC 138 Z9 140 U1 11 U2 60 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 25 IS 7 BP 1287 EP 1302 DI 10.1021/tx3000939 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 973TE UT WOS:000306381900001 PM 22519603 ER PT J AU Lee, C Teng, Q Zhong, RQ Ye, ZH AF Lee, Chanhui Teng, Quincy Zhong, Ruiqin Ye, Zheng-Hua TI Arabidopsis GUX Proteins Are Glucuronyltransferases Responsible for the Addition of Glucuronic Acid Side Chains onto Xylan SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; GlcA; Glucuronyltransferase; Secondary wall; Xylan; Xylan biosynthesis ID SECONDARY WALL SYNTHESIS; REDUCING END-GROUPS; CELL-WALL; MUTANTS REVEALS; BIOSYNTHESIS; POLYSACCHARIDES; BIOMASS; FAMILY; GENES; ARABIDOPSIS-IRREGULAR-XYLEM8 AB Xylan, the second most abundant cell wall polysaccharide, is composed of a linear backbone of beta-(1,4)-linked xylosyl residues that are often substituted with sugar side chains, such as glucuronic acid (GlcA) and methylglucuronic acid (MeGlcA). It has recently been shown that mutations of two Arabidopsis family GT8 genes, GUX1 and GUX2, affect the addition of GlcA and MeGlcA to xylan, but it is not known whether they encode glucuronyltransferases (GlcATs) or indirectly regulate the GlcAT activity. In this study, we performed biochemical and genetic analyses of three Arabidopsis GUX genes to determine their roles in the GlcA substitution of xylan and secondary wall deposition. The GUX1/2/3 genes were found to be expressed in interfascicular fibers and xylem cells, the two major types of secondary wall-containing cells that have abundant xylan. When expressed in tobacco BY2 cells, the GUX1/2/3 proteins exhibited an activity capable of transferring GlcA residues from the UDP-GlcA donor onto xylooligomer acceptors, demonstrating that these GUX proteins possess xylan GlcAT activity. Analyses of the single, double and triple gux mutants revealed that simultaneous mutations of all three GUX genes led to a complete loss of GlcA and MeGlcA side chains on xylan, indicating that all three GUX proteins are involved in the GlcA substitution of xylan. Furthermore, a complete loss of GlcA and MeGlcA side chains in the gux1/2/3 triple mutant resulted in reduced secondary wall thickening, collapsed vessel morphology and reduced plant growth. Together, our results provide biochemical and genetic evidence that GUX1/2/3 are GlcATs responsible for the GlcA substitution of xylan, which is essential for normal secondary wall deposition and plant development. C1 [Lee, Chanhui; Zhong, Ruiqin; Ye, Zheng-Hua] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Teng, Quincy] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Ye, ZH (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM zhye@plantbio.uga.edu FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-03ER15415] FX This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US. Department of Energy [Grant DE-FG02-03ER15415]. NR 41 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 53 IS 7 BP 1204 EP 1216 DI 10.1093/pcp/pcs064 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 973PK UT WOS:000306372000004 PM 22537759 ER PT J AU Herrington, JS Hays, MD George, BJ Baldauf, RW AF Herrington, Jason S. Hays, Michael D. George, Barbara J. Baldauf, Richard W. TI The effects of operating conditions on semivolatile organic compounds emitted from light-duty, gasoline-powered motor vehicles SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Particulate matter; Motor vehicle emissions; Thermal extraction; Organic PM; Vehicle operating conditions ID SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; PARTICULATE-PHASE; EXHAUST EMISSIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; DIESEL-ENGINE; GAS-PHASE; SIZE; PARTICLES; AEROSOLS; GC/MS AB A thermal extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TE-GC-MS) method was utilized to quantitatively examine semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected from light-duty, gasoline-powered vehicle (LDGV) exhaust. Emissions were analyzed from a subset of 18 vehicles tested in the Kansas City Light-Duty Vehicle Emissions Study (KCVES). The KCVES applied the LA92 Unified Driving Cycle (UDC), consisting of "cold start", "hot stabilized running", and "warm start" phases. The sensitivity of the TE-GC-MS analysis provided the opportunity to examine the emission rates and proportions of SVOCs (including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hopanes, and steranes) in PM2.5 on an individual vehicle basis for each UDC phase. Mean target SVOC emissions rates of 5.01 mu g km(-1), 0.28 mu g km(-1), and 0.63 mu g km(-1) were reported for the cold start, hot stabilized running, and warm start phases, respectively. Operating conditions as depicted by each UDC phase significantly affected SVOC emission rates and proportions in PM2.5. The cold start phase emission rates were significantly higher than the hot stabilized running and warm start phases for 89% of the target SVOCs. An increase in SVOC proportions in PM2.5 was observed during the warm start phase compared with the cold start and hot stabilized running phase. This observation was significant for 31% of the target compounds, including chrysene, benzo[a]anthracene, and pyrene. Vehicles tested in both summer and winter provided emissions data describing ambient temperature effects. Emission rates were significantly higher in the winter for 92% of the target SVOCs. Until now, observations of specific SVOCs in motor vehicle emissions produced under changing operating conditions were scant. Such emissions data may be useful for emissions modeling, source apportionment studies, and human exposure assessments. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Herrington, Jason S.; Hays, Michael D.; Baldauf, Richard W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [George, Barbara J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Baldauf, Richard W.] US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,E343-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hays.michael@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 52 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 54 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.043 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 971JQ UT WOS:000306200600007 ER PT J AU Gilchrist, DA Adelman, K AF Gilchrist, Daniel A. Adelman, Karen TI Coupling polymerase pausing and chromatin landscapes for precise regulation of transcription SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS LA English DT Review DE Chromatin; Nucleosome; Pausing; Transcription ID NUCLEOSOME REMODELING FACTOR; RNA-POLYMERASE; HEAT-SHOCK; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PROMOTER NUCLEOSOMES; PHO5 PROMOTER; HSP70 GENE; DNASE-I; POL-II; GENOME AB Altering gene expression in response to stimuli is a pivotal mechanism through which organisms execute developmental programs and respond to changes in their environment. Packaging of promoter DNA into chromatin can greatly impact the ability of RNA polymerase II to access and transcribe a gene. Promoter chromatin environments thus play a central role in establishing transcriptional output appropriate for specific environmental conditions or developmental states. Recent genomic studies have illuminated general principles of chromatin organization and deepened our understanding of how promoter sequence and nucleosome architecture may impact gene expression. Concurrently, pausing of polymerase during early elongation has been recognized as an important event influencing transcription of genes within stimulus-responsive networks. Promoters regulated by pausing are now recognized to possess a distinct chromatin architecture that may facilitate the plasticity of gene expression in response to signaling events. Here we review advances in understanding chromatin and pausing, and explore how coupling Pol II pausing to distinct promoter architectures may help organisms achieve flexible yet precise transcriptional control. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Chromatin in time and space. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gilchrist, Daniel A.; Adelman, Karen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gilchrist, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM gilchristd@niehs.nih.gov OI Gilchrist, Daniel/0000-0003-1668-2790 FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES101987] FX We thank Adelman lab members and Dr. Paul Wade for critical reading of the manuscript, and David C. Fargo and Adam Burkholder for bioinformatics support. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to K.A. (Z01 ES101987). NR 52 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-9399 J9 BBA-GENE REGUL MECH JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gene Regul. Mech. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 1819 IS 7 SI SI BP 700 EP 706 DI 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2012.02.015 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 972GK UT WOS:000306265100012 PM 22406341 ER PT J AU Wetmore, BA Wambaugh, JF Ferguson, SS Sochaski, MA Rotroff, DM Freeman, K Clewell, HJ Dix, DJ Andersen, ME Houck, KA Allen, B Judson, RS Singh, R Kavlock, RJ Richard, AM Thomas, RS AF Wetmore, Barbara A. Wambaugh, John F. Ferguson, Stephen S. Sochaski, Mark A. Rotroff, Daniel M. Freeman, Kimberly Clewell, Harvey J., III Dix, David J. Andersen, Melvin E. Houck, Keith A. Allen, Brittany Judson, Richard S. Singh, Reetu Kavlock, Robert J. Richard, Ann M. Thomas, Russell S. TI Response to "Accurate Risk-Based Chemical Screening Relies on Robust Exposure Estimates" SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Letter DE reverse dosimetry; ToxCast; human exposure; in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation; toxicokinetics C1 [Wetmore, Barbara A.; Sochaski, Mark A.; Clewell, Harvey J., III; Andersen, Melvin E.; Allen, Brittany; Singh, Reetu; Thomas, Russell S.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wambaugh, John F.; Rotroff, Daniel M.; Dix, David J.; Houck, Keith A.; Judson, Richard S.; Kavlock, Robert J.; Richard, Ann M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ferguson, Stephen S.; Freeman, Kimberly] Life Technol Corp, Durham, NC 27703 USA. [Rotroff, Daniel M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Thomas, RS (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, 6 Davis Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rthomas@thehamner.org OI Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811; Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301; Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 128 IS 1 BP 297 EP 299 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfs144 PG 3 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 970NC UT WOS:000306136500026 ER PT J AU Lu, FL Hsieh, CJ Caffrey, JL Lin, MH Lin, YS Lin, CC Tsai, MS Ho, WC Chen, PC Sung, FC Lin, RS AF Lu, Frank Leigh Hsieh, Chia-Jung Caffrey, James L. Lin, Meng-Hung Lin, Yu-Sheng Lin, Ching-Chun Tsai, Meng-Shan Ho, Wen-Chao Chen, Pau-Chung Sung, Fung-Chang Lin, Ruey-Shiung TI Body Mass Index May Modify Asthma Prevalence Among Low-Birth-Weight Children SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adolescent; asthma; birth weight; body mass index; obesity ID TOBACCO-SMOKE EXPOSURE; SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; AIR-POLLUTION; GESTATIONAL-AGE; URBAN CHILDREN; LUNG-FUNCTION; RISK-FACTORS; OBESITY; TAIWAN AB Childhood asthma, a growing health concern, has been associated with low birth weight and elevated body mass index. This study tested the hypothesis that overweight and obese adolescents with a history of low birth weight are at even greater risk of developing asthma. A cohort of 75,871 junior high school students was screened for asthma during 1995-1996 in Taiwan. Birth weight and estimated gestational age were obtained from the birth registry. Logistic regression and simple regression analyses were adjusted for confounding variables. Asthma was more prevalent in those with birth weights below 3,000 g and higher adolescent body mass indexes. Furthermore, those with both characteristics were consistently most likely to have asthma. Whether the asthma diagnosis among low-birth-weight subjects was assigned by physicians or medical questionnaire, the risks were elevated for both overweight (physician diagnosis: odds ratio = 1.41; medical questionnaire: odds ratio = 1.25) and obese (physician diagnosis: odds ratio = 1.38; medical questionnaire: odds ratio = 1.47) boys as well as overweight (physician diagnosis: odds ratio = 1.63; medical questionnaire: odds ratio = 1.30) and obese (physician diagnosis: odds ratio = 1.44; medical questionnaire: odds ratio = 1.32) girls (P < 0.05). Low birth weight predisposes one to develop asthma, and excess body mass amplifies the risk. A sex difference was observed. This study suggests that prenatal care and nutritional counseling could reduce asthma prevalence. C1 [Lin, Meng-Hung; Tsai, Meng-Shan; Ho, Wen-Chao; Sung, Fung-Chang] China Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. [Lu, Frank Leigh] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Lu, Frank Leigh] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Pulmonol & Crit Care Med, Taipei 10016, Taiwan. [Hsieh, Chia-Jung] Tzu Chi Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Hualien, Taiwan. [Lin, Ching-Chun; Chen, Pau-Chung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Inst Occupat Med & Ind Hyg, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Lin, Ruey-Shiung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Inst Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Integrat Physiol, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Caffrey, James L.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Lin, Yu-Sheng] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Lin, Yu-Sheng] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Ho, WC (reprint author), China Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, 91 Hsueh Shih Rd, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. EM whocmu@gmail.com RI Lu, Frank/G-6196-2012; HO, WEN CHAO/M-1378-2013; OI Lu, Frank/0000-0002-5225-7751; Chen, Pau-Chung/0000-0002-6242-5974 FU Environmental Protection Agency, Taiwan [EPA-85-1404-09-06]; Center for Environmental Health; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48/CCU615784]; China Medical University, Taiwan [CMU99-TC-08]; Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence of the Taiwan Department of Health [DOH100-TD-B-111-004] FX This research was supported by the Environmental Protection Agency, Taiwan (grant EPA-85-1404-09-06), the Center for Environmental Health, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant U48/CCU615784), the China Medical University, Taiwan (grant CMU99-TC-08), and the Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence of the Taiwan Department of Health (grant DOH100-TD-B-111-004). NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL 1 PY 2012 VL 176 IS 1 BP 32 EP 42 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr484 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 966HC UT WOS:000305827500004 PM 22562661 ER PT J AU Tong, HY Rappold, G Diaz-Sanchez, D Steck, SE Berntsen, J Cascio, WE Devlin, RB Samet, JM AF Tong, Haiyan Rappold, G. Diaz-Sanchez, David Steck, Susan E. Berntsen, Jon Cascio, Wayne E. Devlin, Robert B. Samet, James M. TI Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Appears to Attenuate Particulate Air Pollution-Induced Cardiac Effects and Lipid Changes in Healthy Middle-Aged Adults SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cardiac effect; controlled exposure; lipid change; middle-aged healthy human volunteers; omega-3 fatty acid; particulate matter air pollution ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; RAT VENTRICULAR MYOCYTES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DIETARY FISH; EXPOSURE; DISPERSION; PARTICLES; MATTER; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB BACKGROUND: Air pollution exposure has been associated with adverse cardiovascular health effects. Findings of a recent epidemiological study suggested that omega-3 fatty acid (fish oil) supplementation blunted cardiac responses to air pollution exposure. OBJECTIVES: We conducted a randomized, controlled exposure study to evaluate the efficacy of fish oil supplements in attenuating adverse cardiac effects of exposure to concentrated ambient fine and ultrafine particulate matter (CAP). METHODS: Twenty-nine healthy middle-aged participants (mean, 58 +/- 1 years of age) were supplemented in a randomized, double-blinded manner with 3 g/day of either fish oil or olive oil for 4 weeks before sequential chamber exposure to filtered air and CAP (mean mass concentration 278 +/- 19 mu g/m(3)) for 2 hr. Cardiac responses were assessed by comparing time and frequency domain changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and electrocardiographic repolarization changes measured before, immediately after, and 20 hr after exposure. Changes in plasma lipids were also evaluated at these time points. RESULTS: Fish oil supplementation appeared to attenuate CAP-induced reductions in high-frequency/low-frequency ratio, as well as elevations in normalized low-frequency HRV and prolongation of the QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc). Very low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride concentrations increased significantly immediately after exposure to CAP in participants supplemented with olive oil, but not in those supplemented with fish oil. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure of healthy middle-aged adults to CAP for 2 hr induced acute cardiac and lipid changes after supplementation with olive oil, but not fish oil. Our findings suggest that omega-3 fatty acid supplements offer protection against the adverse cardiac and lipid effects associated with air pollution exposure. C1 [Tong, Haiyan; Rappold, G.; Diaz-Sanchez, David; Cascio, Wayne E.; Devlin, Robert B.; Samet, James M.] US EPA, NHEERL, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Steck, Susan E.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Berntsen, Jon] TRC Environm Corp, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Tong, HY (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Mail Code 58D,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tong.haiyan@epa.gov RI Steck, Susan/G-5736-2013 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); NIH [RR00046] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Intramural Research Program supported this research. This project was also supported in part by NIH grant RR00046 to the UNC-Chapel Hill Clinical and Translational Research Center. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 12 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP 952 EP 957 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104472 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300018 PM 22514211 ER PT J AU Chiu, WA Guyton, KZ Hogan, K Jinot, J AF Chiu, Weihsueh A. Guyton, Kathryn Z. Hogan, Karen Jinot, Jennifer TI Approaches to Human Health Risk Assessment Based on the Signal-To-Noise Crossover Dose SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Letter C1 [Chiu, Weihsueh A.; Guyton, Kathryn Z.; Hogan, Karen; Jinot, Jennifer] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Chiu, WA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM chiu.weihsueh@epa.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP A264 EP A264 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205212 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300004 PM 22760062 ER PT J AU Drew, CH Pettibone, KG O'Fallon, LR Collman, GW Birnbaum, LS AF Drew, Christina H. Pettibone, Kristianna G. O'Fallon, Liam R. Collman, Gwen W. Birnbaum, Linda S. TI Measuring Partnership Activities: Partnerships in Environmental Public Health Evaluation Metrics Manual SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Drew, Christina H.; Pettibone, Kristianna G.; O'Fallon, Liam R.; Collman, Gwen W.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] Natl Toxicol Program, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Drew, CH (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM drewc@niehs.nih.gov; birnbaumls@niehs.nih.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 7 BP A261 EP A262 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205512 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 969DG UT WOS:000306035300002 PM 22759358 ER PT J AU Ippolito, JA Strawn, DG Scheckel, KG Novak, JM Ahmedna, M Niandou, MAS AF Ippolito, J. A. Strawn, D. G. Scheckel, K. G. Novak, J. M. Ahmedna, M. Niandou, M. A. S. TI Macroscopic and Molecular Investigations of Copper Sorption by a Steam-Activated Biochar SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; ADSORPTIVE PROPERTIES; SOIL; AMENDMENT; MOBILITY; COMPOST; CARBONS; MANURE; ACID AB Excessive Cu concentrations in water systems can negatively affect biological systems. Because Cu can form strong associations with organic functional groups, we examined the ability of biochar (an O-C-enriched organic bioenergy by-product) to sorb Cu from solution. In a batch experiment, KOH steam-activated pecan shell biochar was shaken for 24 h in pH 6, 7, 8, or 9 buffered solutions containing various Cu concentrations to identify the effect of pH on biochar Cu sorption. Afterward, all biochar solids from the 24-h shaking period were air-dried and analyzed using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy to determine solid-phase Cu speciation. In a separate batch experiment, biochar was shaken for 30 d in pH 6 buffered solution containing increasing Cu concentrations; the Cu sorption maximum was calculated based on the exponential rise to a maximum equation. Biochar sorbed increasing amounts of Cu as the solution pH decreased from 9 to 6. The XAFS spectroscopy revealed that Cu was predominantly sorbed onto a biochar organic phase at pH 6 in a molecular structure similar to Cu adsorbed on model humic acid (Cu-humic acid [HA]). The XAFS spectra at pH 7, 8, and 9 suggested that Cu was associated with the biochar as three phases: (i) a complex adsorbed on organic ligands similar to Cu-HA, (ii) carbonate phases similar to azurite (Cu-3(CO3)(2)(OH2)), and (iii) a Cu oxide phase like tenorite (CuO). The exponential rise equation fit to the incubated samples predicted a Cu sorption maximum of 42,300 mg Cu kg(-1). Th e results showed that KOH steam-activated pecan shell biochar could be used as a material for sorbing excess Cu from water systems, potentially reducing the negative effects of Cu in the environment. C1 [Ippolito, J. A.] USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Strawn, D. G.] Univ Idaho, Dep Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Scheckel, K. G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Novak, J. M.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Ahmedna, M.; Niandou, M. A. S.] N Carolina A&T Univ, Dep Human Environm & Family Sci, Greensboro, NC 27411 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov RI Strawn, Daniel/B-6936-2012; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Ahmedna, Mohamed/0000-0001-8727-4300 NR 30 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 68 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 1150 EP 1156 DI 10.2134/jeq2011.0113 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 968HA UT WOS:000305966900019 PM 22751057 ER PT J AU Parham, F Wise, A Axelrad, DA Guyton, KZ Portier, C Zeise, L Zoeller, RT Woodruff, TJ AF Parham, Fred Wise, Amber Axelrad, Daniel A. Guyton, Kathryn Z. Portier, Christopher Zeise, Lauren Zoeller, R. Thomas Woodruff, Tracey J. TI Adverse effects in risk assessment: Modeling polychlorinated biphenyls and thyroid hormone disruption outcomes in animals and humans SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE (5-10):polychlorinated biphenyls; Thyroid hormones; Adverse health outcomes; Biological perturbations; Risk assessment ID CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; PCB CONGENERS; YOUNG-ADULTS; SERUM; THYROXINE; RATS; ASSOCIATION; METABOLISM AB There is a growing need for quantitative approaches to extrapolate relationships between chemical exposures and early biological perturbations from animals to humans given increasing use of biological assays to evaluate toxicity pathways. We have developed such an approach using polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and thyroid hormone (TH) disruption as a case study. We reviewed and identified experimental animal literature from which we developed a low-dose, linear model of PCB body burdens and decrements in free thyroxine (FT4) and total thyroxine (TT4), accounting for 33 PCB congeners; extrapolated the dose-response from animals to humans; and compared the animal dose-response to the dose-response of PCB body burdens and TH changes from eleven human epidemiological studies. We estimated a range of potencies for PCB congeners (over 4 orders of magnitude), with the strongest for PCB 126. Our approach to developing toxic equivalency models produced relative potencies similar to the toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) from the World Health Organization (WHO). We generally found that the dose-response extrapolated from the animal studies tends to under-predict the dose-response estimated from human epidemiological studies. A quantitative approach to evaluating the relationship between chemical exposures and TH perturbations, based on animal data can be used to assess human health consequences of thyroid toxicity and inform decision-making. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Parham, Fred] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wise, Amber; Woodruff, Tracey J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, San Francisco, CA USA. [Axelrad, Daniel A.] US EPA, Off Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Guyton, Kathryn Z.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Portier, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zeise, Lauren] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA USA. [Zoeller, R. Thomas] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Woodruff, TJ (reprint author), 1330 Broadway St,Suite 1100, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM woodrufft@obgyn.ucsf.edu RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010 OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279 FU USEPA [EP08h001138]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This project was supported under USEPA contract #EP08h001138 and by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. This paper does not reflect the views of any of the affiliated agencies, including the USEPA, California EPA, or National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 29 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 116 BP 74 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2012.04.003 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 959IR UT WOS:000305306600010 PM 22575326 ER PT J AU Neil, CW Yang, YJ Jun, YS AF Neil, Chelsea W. Yang, Y. Jeffrey Jun, Young-Shin TI Arsenic mobilization and attenuation by mineral-water interactions: implications for managed aquifer recharge SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Review ID IN-GROUND WATER; ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE; WASTE-WATER; WEST-BENGAL; ARSENOPYRITE OXIDATION; SURFACE COMPLEXATION; REACTIVE TRANSPORT; RECLAIMED WATER; BANGLADESH GROUNDWATER; GEOCHEMICAL CONTROLS AB Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) has potential for addressing deficits in water supplies worldwide. It is also widely used for preventing saltwater intrusion, maintaining the groundwater table, and augmenting ecological stream flows, among many other beneficial environmental applications. However, field MAR sites have experienced arsenic mobilization from aquifer formation minerals due to induced changes in groundwater chemistry. To address this environmental concern, it is crucial to understand the potential sources and sinks impacting arsenic mobilization. This paper outlines important mineral-water interactions that can occur at MAR sites. Detailed information on minerals of concern, physiochemical processes for arsenic mobilization or attenuation, and the potential impact of microbial activity and hydrology on these processes is provided. Based on these mineral-water interactions, guidelines for predicting arsenic mobility are presented, and recommendations are made concerning MAR site monitoring. The review emphasizes important aspects in correlating interfacial reactions to reactive transport modeling and elucidating future challenges, a first step toward developing safer and more sustainable MAR operations. C1 [Neil, Chelsea W.; Jun, Young-Shin] Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Jun, YS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM ysjun@seas.wustl.edu FU Washington University; U.S. EPA; EPA [EP-C-04-034] FX This research is supported by a Washington University's faculty startup grant and also supported by U.S. EPA as a part of the EPA Water Resources Adaptation Program (WRAP), which the EPA is funding under contract EP-C-04-034. The research described herein has been subjected to the Agency administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. CWN acknowledges the generous support of the Mr and Mrs Spencer T. Olin Fellowship. Finally, the authors wish to thank Dr Christopher Impellitteri of USEPA, and Dr Daniel Burnell of GeoTrans, Inc., for their review and comments. NR 166 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 62 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1772 EP 1788 DI 10.1039/c2em30323j PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 965VW UT WOS:000305796500003 PM 22706181 ER PT J AU Edwards, DRV Aldridge, T Baird, DD Funk, MJ Savitz, DA Hartmann, KE AF Edwards, Digna R. Velez Aldridge, Tiara Baird, Donna D. Funk, Michele Jonsson Savitz, David A. Hartmann, Katherine E. TI Periconceptional Over-the-Counter Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Exposure and Risk for Spontaneous Abortion SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADULT-POPULATION; EARLY-PREGNANCY; IMPLANTATION; PROSTAGLANDIN; MISCARRIAGE; INDOMETHACIN; EXPRESSION; BABOON; WOMEN; USERS AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association between over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) exposure during the early first trimester and risk for spontaneous abortion (gestation before 20 weeks of gestation) in a prospective cohort. METHODS: Women were enrolled in the Right from the Start study (2004-2010). Exposure data regarding over-the-counter NSAID use from the last menstrual period (LMP) through the sixth week of pregnancy were obtained from intake and first-trimester interviews. Pregnancy outcomes were self-reported and verified by medical records. Gestational age was determined from the LMP. Stage of development before loss was determined from study ultrasonography. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between NSAID exposure and pregnancy outcome taking into account candidate confounders. RESULTS: Among 2,780 pregnancies, 367 women (13%) experienced a spontaneous abortion. NSAID exposure was reported by 1,185 (43%) women. NSAID exposure was not associated with spontaneous abortion risk in unadjusted models (hazard ratio [HR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82-1.24) or models adjusted for maternal age (adjusted HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.81-1.23). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that use of nonprescription over-the-counter NSAIDs in early pregnancy does not put women at increased risk of spontaneous abortion. (Obstet Gynecol 2012; 120: 113-22) DOI:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182595671 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II C1 [Edwards, Digna R. Velez] Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Epidemiol Ctr, Inst Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Ctr Human Genet Res, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Edwards, DRV (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Vanderbilt Epidemiol Ctr, Inst Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 2525 W End Ave,Suite 600,6th Floor, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM digna.r.velez.edwards@vanderbilt.edu RI Jonsson Funk, Michele/F-6885-2011; Velez Edwards, Digna/C-1090-2012; Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017 OI Jonsson Funk, Michele/0000-0002-3756-7540; Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653 FU National Institute of Child and Human Development [R01HD043883, R01HD049675]; American Water Works Association Research Foundation [2579]; Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health career development program [K12HD4383]; Vanderbilt CTSA from National Center for Research Resources/National Institutes of Health [UL1 RR024975-01]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [K02HS017950]; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX The field research was supported by grants from the National Institute of Child and Human Development (R01HD043883 and R01HD049675) and the American Water Works Association Research Foundation (2579). Additional funds were provided by the Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's Health career development program (K12HD4383) supported in part by the Vanderbilt CTSA grant UL1 RR024975-01 from National Center for Research Resources/National Institutes of Health and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (K02HS017950). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. This research was also supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ie, support for coauthor Donna D. Baird). NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 10 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 120 IS 1 BP 113 EP 122 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182595671 PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 965JS UT WOS:000305764500019 PM 22914399 ER PT J AU Hazelton, PD Cope, WG Pandolfo, TJ Mosher, S Strynar, MJ Barnhart, MC Bringolf, RB AF Hazelton, Peter D. Cope, W. Gregory Pandolfo, Tamara J. Mosher, Shad Strynar, Mark J. Barnhart, M. Christopher Bringolf, Robert B. TI Partial life-cycle and acute toxicity of perfluoroalkyl acids to freshwater mussels SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Perfluoroalkyl acids; Perfluorinated compounds; Akaike's information criteria; Unionidae ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONIC-ACID; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; LAMPSILIS-SILIQUOIDEA; ETOBICOKE CREEK; SENSITIVITY; UNIONIDAE; FISH; SURFACE; USA; EXPOSURES AB Freshwater mussels are among the most sensitive aquatic organisms to many contaminants and have complex life-cycles that include several distinct life stages with unique contaminant exposure pathways. Standard acute (24-96?h) and chronic (28?d) toxicity tests with free larva (glochidia) and juvenile mussels are effective at generating data on contaminant effects at two discrete life stages but do not incorporate effects on brooded glochidia. We developed a novel partial life-cycle assay that incorporates exposures to brooding adult female mussels and used this method in combination with acute toxicity tests to assess adverse effects of perfluoroctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluoroctanoic acid (PFOA) on freshwater mussels. Fatmucket (Lampsilis siliquoidea) were exposed to PFOS at two life stages: brooding glochidia (in marsupia) for 36?d and free glochidia in water for 24?h. In standard acute tests with glochidia (24-48?h exposures) and juveniles (48-96?h exposures) of fatmucket and black sandshell (Ligumia recta), glochidia were 8 to 25 times more sensitive than juveniles. Perfluoroctanesulfonic acid significantly reduced the duration of glochidia viability and reduced probability of metamorphosis at concentrations 3,000 times lower than the most sensitive acute endpoint (24-h EC50). The partial life-cycle test is adaptable to a variety of endpoints and research objectives and is useful for identifying adverse effects at contaminant concentrations below those required for an acute lethal response. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 16111620. (C) 2012 SETAC C1 [Hazelton, Peter D.; Bringolf, Robert B.] Univ Georgia, Interdisciplinary Toxicol Program, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cope, W. Gregory; Pandolfo, Tamara J.; Mosher, Shad] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Strynar, Mark J.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Barnhart, M. Christopher] SW Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, MO 65804 USA. RP Bringolf, RB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Interdisciplinary Toxicol Program, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM bringo@uga.edu FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (U.S. FWS) through U.S. Geological Survey (U.S. GS) [1434-HQ-08-RU-01568] FX This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (U.S. FWS) through Research Work Order Number 1434-HQ-08-RU-01568 from the U.S. Geological Survey (U.S. GS). Its content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the U.S. FWS or U.S. GS. We thank C. Charbonneau, M. Coffey, D. Mosby, and A. Trowbridge of the U.S. FWS for their technical assistance; A. Roberts of the U.S. FWS for assisting with adult mussel collections in Missouri; and B. Ratajczak, J. Johnson, J. Cohen, J. Creamer, K. Brotman, and A. Fritts for logistic and laboratory assistance. We also thank G. Grimes and Aquatic Environmental Services for supplying fish. We thank A. Delinsky (U.S. EPA) for assistance in the quantitation of PFOS in mussels and appreciate friendly reviews and statistical advice from B. Rashleigh (U.S. EPA), C. Shea (University of Georgia), J. Peterson (Oregon State University), and D. Bates (University of Wisconsin at Madison). The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 31 IS 7 BP 1611 EP 1620 DI 10.1002/etc.1866 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 958ZS UT WOS:000305280100025 PM 22553110 ER PT J AU Ma, HB Brennan, A Diamond, SA AF Ma, Hongbo Brennan, Amanda Diamond, Stephen A. TI Phototoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles under solar radiation to two aquatic species: Daphnia magna and Japanese medaka SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nano-TiO2; Phototoxicity; Simulated solar radiation; Daphnia magna; Japanese medaka ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; NANO-SCALE TIO2; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GILL INJURY; BULK ZNO; TOXICITY; NANOMATERIALS; ECOTOXICITY AB One target of development and application of TiO2 nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) is photochemical degradation of contaminants and photo-killing of microbes and fouling organisms. However, few ecotoxicological studies have focused on this aspect of nano-TiO2, specifically whether this photoreactivity might significantly increase hazard and risk of the materials in the natural environment. In the present study, we evaluated acute phototoxicity of nano-TiO2 under simulated solar radiation (SSR) to two aquatic speciesDaphnia magna and Japanese medaka, using 48-h and 96-h assays, respectively. A thorough characterization of the exposure system was performed by measuring particle agglomeration and TiO2 concentration in suspension in a time-course manner. Sedimentation and loss of bulk concentration of nano-TiO2 particles occurred at all concentrations above 2?mg/L and was more significant as concentration increased. Phototoxicity of nano-TiO2 under SSR was enhanced by two to four orders of magnitude as compared to toxicity under ambient laboratory light, with a 48-h median lethal concentration (LC50) of 29.8 mu g/L in D. magna and a 96-h LC50 of 2.2?mg/L in medaka. Our results also indicate that these effects are dependent on simultaneous exposure of the organisms to nanoparticles and SSR. This dramatic increase in toxicity of nano-TiO2 at environmentally realistic levels of SSR indicates the need to incorporate this mode of action into risk assessment for nano-TiO2 and other photoreactive nanomaterials. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 16211629. (C) 2012 SETAC C1 [Ma, Hongbo; Brennan, Amanda; Diamond, Stephen A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. RP Diamond, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA. EM diamond.steve@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division laboratory FX The present study was performed while the author, H. Ma, held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. EPA, Mid-Continent Ecology Division laboratory. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. NR 38 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 76 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 31 IS 7 BP 1621 EP 1629 DI 10.1002/etc.1858 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 958ZS UT WOS:000305280100026 PM 22544710 ER PT J AU Allan, JD Yuan, LL Black, P Stockton, T Davies, PE Magierowski, RH Read, SM AF Allan, J. David Yuan, Lester L. Black, Paul Stockton, Tom Davies, Peter E. Magierowski, Regina H. Read, Steve M. TI Investigating the relationships between environmental stressors and stream condition using Bayesian belief networks SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bayesian belief network; causal inference; multiple stressors; stream impairment; stream management ID MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; LAND-USE; ECOSYSTEMS; MODELS; MANAGEMENT; MORPHOLOGY; VEGETATION; AUSTRALIA; INFERENCE AB 1. Stream reaches found to be impaired by physical, chemical or biological assessment generally are associated with greater extent of urban and agricultural land uses, and lesser amount of undeveloped lands. However, because stream condition commonly is influenced by multiple stressors as well as underlying natural gradients, it can be difficult to establish mechanistic relationships between altered land use and impaired stream condition. 2. This study explores the use of Bayesian belief networks (BBNs) to model presumed causal relationships between stressors and response variables. A BBN depicts the chain of causal relationships resulting in some outcome such as environmental impairment and can make use of evidence from expert judgment as well as observational and experimental data. 3. Three case studies illustrate the flexibility of BBN models. Expert elicitation in a workshop setting was employed to model the effects of sedimentation on benthic invertebrates. A second example used empirical data to explore the influence of natural and anthropogenic gradients on stream habitat in a highly agricultural watershed. The third application drew on several forms of evidence to develop a decision support tool linking grazing and forestry practices to stream reach condition. 4. Although data limitations challenge model development and our ability to narrow the range of possible outcomes, model formulation forces participants to conceptualise causal mechanisms and consider how to resolve data shortfalls. With sufficient effort and resources, models with greater evidentiary strength from observational and experimental data may become practical tools to guide management decisions. 5. Such models may be used to explore possible outcomes associated with a range of scenarios, thus benefiting management decision-making, and to improve insight into likely causal relationships. C1 [Allan, J. David] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Yuan, Lester L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Black, Paul; Stockton, Tom] Neptune & Co Inc, Lakewood, CO USA. [Davies, Peter E.; Magierowski, Regina H.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Zool, Hobart, Tas, Australia. [Read, Steve M.] Forestry Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia. RP Allan, JD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM dallan@umich.edu RI Davies, Peter/J-7713-2014; Magierowski, Regina/B-4588-2013 OI Davies, Peter/0000-0003-2651-4061; Magierowski, Regina/0000-0002-7547-8549 FU Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, USEPA; Water and Watersheds Program of EPA; NSF; Landscape Logic Research Hub; Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts FX The expert elicitation workshop was sponsored by the Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, USEPA. Research on the southeastern Michigan watersheds was supported by a grant from the Water and Watersheds Program of EPA and NSF. Tasmanian studies were supported by the Landscape Logic Research Hub, with funding from the Australian Commonwealth Environmental Research Facilities scheme (Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts). We thank W. Dodds, L. Johnson, M. Palmer, B. Wallace and EPA staff for participation in the expert elicitation process. We thank reviewers of the manuscript and David Strayer for helpful comments. NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 57 SU 1 SI SI BP 58 EP 73 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02683.x PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 961ZN UT WOS:000305508700005 ER PT J AU Messer, LC Vinikoor-Imler, LC Laraia, BA AF Messer, Lynne C. Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C. Laraia, Barbara A. TI Conceptualizing neighborhood space: Consistency and variation of associations for neighborhood factors and pregnancy health across multiple neighborhood units SO HEALTH & PLACE LA English DT Article DE Neighborhood effects; Pregnancy behaviors; Pregnancy outcomes; Estimate precision ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PRETERM BIRTH; DEPRIVATION; STATES; WOMEN; SEGREGATION; ENVIRONMENT; STRESS; WEIGHT; CRIME AB The purpose of this research was to assess the consistency of associations between neighborhood characteristics and pregnancy-related behaviors and outcomes across four nested neighborhood boundaries using race-stratified fixed-slope random-intercept multilevel logistic models. High incivilities was associated with increased smoking, inadequate weight gain and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), while walkability was associated with decreased smoking and PIH for white women across all neighborhood definitions. For African American women, high incivilities was associated with increased smoking and inadequate gestational weight gain, while more walkable neighborhoods appeared protective against smoking and inadequate weight gain in all but the smallest neighborhoods. Associations with neighborhood attributes were similar in effect size across geographies, but less precise as neighborhoods became smaller. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Messer, Lynne C.] Duke Global Hlth Inst, Ctr Hlth Policy & Inequal Res, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Laraia, Barbara A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Prevent Sci, Ctr Hlth & Community, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. RP Messer, LC (reprint author), Duke Global Hlth Inst, Ctr Hlth Policy & Inequal Res, 2812 Erwin Rd,Suite 403, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM lynne.messer@duke.edu; vinikorr-imler.lisa@epa.gov; laraiab@chc.ucsf.edu FU Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal & Child Health Bureau [1 R40MC07841-01-00] FX Funding for this study was provided by the Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal & Child Health Bureau (1 R40MC07841-01-00). Data collection was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Cancer Institute (CA109804). Additional support was provided by the NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K01HD047122 and HD37584). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1353-8292 J9 HEALTH PLACE JI Health Place PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 IS 4 BP 805 EP 813 DI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.03.012 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 956JB UT WOS:000305084800015 PM 22551891 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Blount, BC Waidyanatha, S Harper, M AF Pleil, Joachim D. Blount, Benjamin C. Waidyanatha, Suramya Harper, Martin TI Establishing exposure science as a distinct scientific discipline SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.] US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Waidyanatha, Suramya] Natl Inst Environm Hlth NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Harper, Martin] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, NERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 317 EP 319 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.5 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000001 PM 22713533 ER PT J AU Christensen, KY Kopylev, L AF Christensen, Krista Y. Kopylev, Leonid TI Localized pleural thickening: Smoking and exposure to Libby vermiculite SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Libby; amphibole; asbestos; vermiculite; smoking; localized pleural thickening ID SHEET-METAL WORKERS; ASBESTOS EXPOSURE; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; RADIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES; RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS; FACTORY-WORKERS; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; FOLLOW-UP; FIBROSIS; DISEASE AB There is limited research on the combined effects of smoking and asbestos exposure on risk of localized pleural thickening (LPT). This analysis uses data from the Marysville cohort of workers occupationally exposed to Libby amphibole asbestos (LAA). Workers were interviewed to obtain work and health history, including ever/never smoking and chest X-rays. Cumulative exposure estimates were developed on the basis of fiber measurements from the plant and work history. Benchmark concentration (BMC) methodology was used to evaluate the exposure--response relationship for exposure to LAA and a 10% increased risk of LPT, considering potential confounders and statistical model forms. There were 12 LPT cases among 118 workers in the selected study population. The mean exposure was 0.42 (SD=0.77) fibers/cc-year, and the prevalence of smoking history was 75.0% among cases and 51.9% among non-cases. When controlling for LAA exposure, smoking history was of borderline statistical significance (P-value = 0.099), and its inclusion improved model fit, as measured by Akaike's Information Criterion. A comparison of BMC estimates was made to gauge the potential effect of smoking status. The BMC was 0.36 fibers/cc-year, overall. The BMC for non-smokers was approximately three times as high (1.02 fibers/cc-year) as that for the full cohort, whereas the BMC for smokers was about 1/2 that of the full cohort (0.17 fibers/cc-year). C1 [Christensen, Krista Y.; Kopylev, Leonid] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Christensen, KY (reprint author), Mailstop 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Christensen.Krista@epa.gov NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 320 EP 323 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.18 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000002 PM 22534695 ER PT J AU Trenary, HR Creed, PA Young, AR Mantha, M Schwegel, CA Xue, JP Kohan, MJ Herbin-Davis, K Thomas, DJ Caruso, JA Creed, JT AF Trenary, Heather R. Creed, Patricia A. Young, Andrea R. Mantha, Madhavi Schwegel, Carol A. Xue, Jianping Kohan, Michael J. Herbin-Davis, Karen Thomas, David J. Caruso, Joseph A. Creed, John T. TI An in vitro assessment of bioaccessibility of arsenicals in rice and the use of this estimate within a probabilistic exposure model SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rice; arsenic; bioaccessiblity; exposure assessment ID MARKET BASKET SURVEY; CELL-CULTURE MODEL; HPLC-ICP-MS; HUMAN HEALTH; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; DIETARY EXPOSURE; RISK ASSESSMENTS; COOKED RICE; SPECIATION; FOOD AB In this study, an in vitro synthetic gastrointestinal extraction protocol was used to estimate bioaccessibility of different arsenicals present in 17 rice samples of various grain types that were collected across the United States. The across matrix average for total arsenic was 209 ng/g +/- 153 ((x) over bar +/- 2 sigma). The bioaccessibility estimate produced an across matrix average of 61% +/- 19 ((x) over bar +/- 2 sigma). The across matrix average concentrations of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were 81 ng/g +/- 67.7 and 41 ng/g +/- 58.1 ((x) over bar +/- 2 sigma), respectively. This distribution of iAs concentrations in rice was combined with the distribution of consumption patterns (from WWEIA) in a Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulator model to estimate population-based exposures. The mean consumption rate for the population as a whole was 15.7 g per day resulting in a 0.98 mu g iAs per day exposure. The mean consumption rate for children 1-2 years old was 7 g per day resulting in a 0.48 mu g iAs per day exposure. Presystemic biotransformation of DMA in rice was examined using an in vitro assay containing the anaerobic microbiota of mouse cecum. This assay indicated that DMA extracted from the rice was converted to dimethylthioarsinic acid, although a second oxygen-sulfur exchange to produce DMDTA was not observed. C1 [Trenary, Heather R.; Creed, Patricia A.; Young, Andrea R.; Mantha, Madhavi; Schwegel, Carol A.; Creed, John T.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, MCEARD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Trenary, Heather R.; Caruso, Joseph A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Xue, Jianping] US EPA, ORD, NERL, HEASD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kohan, Michael J.; Herbin-Davis, Karen; Thomas, David J.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, ISTD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Creed, JT (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, MCEARD, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM creed.jack@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 35 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 369 EP 375 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.24 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000009 PM 22549721 ER PT J AU Heltshe, SL Lubin, JH Koutros, S Coble, JB Ji, BT Alavanja, MCR Blair, A Sandler, DP Hines, CJ Thomas, KW Barker, J Andreotti, G Hoppin, JA Freeman, LEB AF Heltshe, Sonya L. Lubin, Jay H. Koutros, Stella Coble, Joseph B. Ji, Bu-Tian Alavanja, Michael C. R. Blair, Aaron Sandler, Dale P. Hines, Cynthia J. Thomas, Kent W. Barker, Joseph Andreotti, Gabriella Hoppin, Jane A. Freeman, Laura E. Beane TI Using multiple imputation to assign pesticide use for non-responders in the follow-up questionnaire in the Agricultural Health Study SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agriculture; cohort studies; missing data; pesticides; precision ID HOT DECK IMPUTATION AB The Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a large prospective cohort, was designed to elucidate associations between pesticide use and other agricultural exposures and health outcomes. The cohort includes 57,310 pesticide applicators who were enrolled between 1993 and 1997 in Iowa and North Carolina. A follow-up questionnaire administered 5 years later was completed by 36,342 (63%) of the original participants. Missing pesticide use information from participants who did not complete the second questionnaire impedes both long-term pesticide exposure estimation and statistical inference of risk for health outcomes. Logistic regression and stratified sampling were used to impute key variables related to the use of specific pesticides for 20,968 applicators who did not complete the second questionnaire. To assess the imputation procedure, a 20% random sample of participants was withheld for comparison. The observed and imputed prevalence of any pesticide use in the holdout dataset were 85.7% and 85.3%, respectively. The distribution of prevalence and days/year of use for specific pesticides were similar across observed and imputed in the holdout sample. When appropriately implemented, multiple imputation can reduce bias and increase precision and can be more valid than other missing data approaches. C1 [Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. [Heltshe, Sonya L.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sandler, Dale P.; Hoppin, Jane A.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Thomas, Kent W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Barker, Joseph] Informat Management Syst, Rockville, MD USA. RP Freeman, LEB (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 6120 Execut Blvd,RM 8112,MSC 7240, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM freemala@mail.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health [Z01-CP010119]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health [Z01-ES049030] FX This work is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (grant number Z01-CP010119); and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health (grant number Z01-ES049030). The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JUL-AUG PY 2012 VL 22 IS 4 BP 409 EP 416 DI 10.1038/jes.2012.31 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 964KR UT WOS:000305694000014 PM 22569205 ER PT J AU Murr, AH Goldberg, AN Pletcher, SD Dillehay, K Wymer, LJ Vesper, SJ AF Murr, Andrew H. Goldberg, Andrew N. Pletcher, Steven D. Dillehay, Kelsey Wymer, Larry J. Vesper, Stephen J. TI Some chronic rhinosinusitis patients have elevated populations of fungi in their sinuses SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article DE Chronic rhinosinusitis; fungi; antifungal agents ID AMPHOTERICIN-B; PCR ANALYSIS; IRRIGATION; DIAGNOSIS; SINUSITIS; THERAPY AB Objectives/Hypothesis: To measure the populations of 36 fungi in the homes and sinuses of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and non-CRS patients. Study Design: Single-blind cross-sectional study. Methods: Populations of 36 fungi were measured in sinus samples and in the home vacuum cleaner dust of CRS (n = 73) and non-CRS patients (n = 16) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Etest strips containing amphotericin B, anidulafungin, caspofungin, fluconazole, and voriconazole were used to test the susceptibility of seven potentially relevant fungi. Results: Seven fungi (Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides types 1 and 2, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium brevicompactum, Penicillium crustosum, and Penicillium chrysogenum type 2) were discovered at very high concentrations in some CRS patients. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of these seven fungi demonstrated species specific sensitivities. Four CRS patients with marked elevations of fungal populations in their sinus samples underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. After surgical treatment, the fungal populations were reduced by several orders of magnitude. Conclusions: Seven fungi were found in very high concentrations in the sinuses of some CRS patients. Not one of the five common antifungal agents could control all seven of these fungi based on in vitro tests. C1 [Wymer, Larry J.; Vesper, Stephen J.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Dillehay, Kelsey] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Murr, Andrew H.; Goldberg, Andrew N.; Pletcher, Steven D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Vesper, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W ML King Dr,ML 314, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM vesper.stephen@epa.gov FU EPA, through its Office of Research and Development FX The MSQPCR technology was patented (no. 6,387,652) by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and commercial applications can result in royalties paid to the EPA. The EPA, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA for use. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD JUL PY 2012 VL 122 IS 7 BP 1438 EP 1445 DI 10.1002/lary.23295 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 962WE UT WOS:000305577400004 PM 22532289 ER PT J AU Alvarez, DA Rosen, MR Perkins, SD Cranor, WL Schroeder, VL Jones-Lepp, TL AF Alvarez, David A. Rosen, Michael R. Perkins, Stephanie D. Cranor, Walter L. Schroeder, Vickie L. Jones-Lepp, Tammy L. TI Bottom sediment as a source of organic contaminants in Lake Mead, Nevada, USA SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Lake Mead; Emerging contaminants; WWTP effluents; SPMD; POCIS; Sediment ID SEMIPERMEABLE-MEMBRANE DEVICES; CURRENT-USE PESTICIDES; PASSIVE SAMPLERS; WASTE-WATER; PORE-WATER; IN-SITU; SPMDS; GROUNDWATER; PARAMETERS; TRANSPORT AB Treated wastewater effluent from Las Vegas, Nevada and surrounding communities' flow through Las Vegas Wash (LVW) into the Lake Mead National Recreational Area at Las Vegas Bay (LVB). Lake sediment is a likely sink for many hydrophobic synthetic organic compounds (SOCs); however, partitioning between the sediment and the overlying water could result in the sediment acting as a secondary contaminant source. Locating the chemical plumes may be important to understanding possible chemical stressors to aquatic organisms. Passive sampling devices (SPMDs and POCIS) were suspended in LVB at depths of 3.0, 4.7, and 6.7 (lake bottom) meters in June of 2008 to determine the vertical distribution of SOCs in the water column. A custom sediment probe was used to also bury the samplers in the sediment at depths of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm. The greatest number of detections in samplers buried in the sediment was at the 0-10 cm depth. Concentrations of many hydrophobic SOCs were twice as high at the sediment-water interface than in the mid and upper water column. Many SOCs related to wastewater effluents, including fragrances, insect repellants, sun block agents, and phosphate flame retardants, were found at highest concentrations in the middle and upper water column. There was evidence to suggest that the water infiltrated into the sediment had a different chemical composition than the rest of the water column and could be a potential risk exposure to bottom-dwelling aquatic organisms. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Alvarez, David A.; Perkins, Stephanie D.; Cranor, Walter L.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Rosen, Michael R.] US Geol Survey, Nevada Water Sci Ctr, Carson City, NV 89701 USA. [Schroeder, Vickie L.] Five Rivers Serv, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Jones-Lepp, Tammy L.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Alvarez, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 E New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM dalvarez@usgs.gov RI Rosen, Michael/D-6091-2015 FU Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act FX The authors are grateful for the assistance of Rigby Ough and Art Gunzel of the National Park Service Aids to Navigation group (ATON), Jorge Arufe and Jon Wilson of the USGS, and Craig Palmer from the University of Nevada Las Vegas during the field component of this study. Funding for this study was provided by a grant from the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act. We would like to thank Kent Turner from the National Park Service for his logistical support and encouragement in this study. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 42 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUL PY 2012 VL 88 IS 5 BP 605 EP 611 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.040 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 958SV UT WOS:000305261900011 PM 22464858 ER PT J AU Starks, SE Gerr, F Kamel, F Lynch, CF Alavanja, MC Sandler, DP Hoppin, JA AF Starks, Sarah E. Gerr, Fred Kamel, Freya Lynch, Charles F. Alavanja, Michael C. Sandler, Dale P. Hoppin, Jane A. TI High pesticide exposure events and central nervous system function among pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study SO INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Agricultural workers; Epidemiology; Neurobehavioral testing; Pesticide exposure; High pesticide exposure event ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; NEUROBEHAVIORAL PERFORMANCE; ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; METHYL-BROMIDE; SHEEP FARMERS; WORKERS; NEUROTOXICITY AB While acute pesticide poisoning can be associated with persistent adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects, little is known about the effect of one or more episodic and unusually high pesticide exposure events (HPEE) that typically do not result in acute poisoning. The objective of this investigation was to examine the association between ever having an HPEE and CNS function among licensed pesticide applicators enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). In 2006-2008, 693 male participants with no history of a physician-diagnosed pesticide poisoning completed nine neurobehavioral tests to assess memory, motor speed, sustained attention, verbal learning, and visual scanning and processing. Information on ever having an HPEE and pesticide poisonings was obtained from previous AHS interviews. Associations between ever having an HPEE and neurobehavioral outcomes were estimated with linear regression controlling for age and outcome-specific covariates. A history of ever having an HPEE was reported by 156 (23%) participants. Adverse associations were observed between ever having an HPEE and two of the nine neurobehavioral tests. On a test of visual scanning and processing (Digit-Symbol), participants who ever had an HPEE were 4.2 s slower (95% CI: -7.27, -1.11) than those without an HPEE, equivalent to the effect of 3.9 years of age in this population. On a test of visual scanning and motor speed (Sequences A), participants who ever had an HPEE were 2.5 s slower (95% CI: -4.53, -0.41) than those without an HPEE, equivalent to the effect of 3.9 years of age. No significant associations were observed between participants who ever had an HPEE and the remaining neurobehavioral tests. One or more HPEE may contribute to adverse CNS outcomes independent of diagnosed pesticide poisoning. C1 [Starks, Sarah E.; Gerr, Fred] Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Kamel, Freya; Sandler, Dale P.; Hoppin, Jane A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Lynch, Charles F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Alavanja, Michael C.] NCI, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Gerr, F (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Univ Iowa Res Pk,140 IREH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM fred-gerr@uiowa.edu OI Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01-ES013067-03, Z01ES049039]; NIH; National Cancer Institute [Z01CP010119] FX We thank Mr. Stuart Long for data analysis support and the Iowa and North Carolina field station staff (Ms. Ellen Heywood and Ms. Margaret Hayslip). We are especially grateful to the late Richard Letz, PhD, for his valuable technical assistance with the design of the neurobehavioral testing procedures as well as his in-kind contribution of the NES3 software. This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01-ES013067-03), and, in part, by funding from the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES049039), and National Cancer Institute (Z01CP010119). NR 57 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-0131 J9 INT ARCH OCC ENV HEA JI Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health PD JUL PY 2012 VL 85 IS 5 BP 505 EP 515 DI 10.1007/s00420-011-0694-8 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 957AQ UT WOS:000305131300005 PM 21927986 ER PT J AU Wang, ED Shen, ZG Neal, J Shi, JN Berryman, C Schwer, A AF Wang, Endong Shen, Zhigang Neal, Jill Shi, Jonathan Berryman, Charles Schwer, Avery TI An AHP-weighted aggregated data quality indicator (AWADQI) approach for estimating embodied energy of building materials SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE AHP; Building materials; Data uncertainty; DQI; Embodied energy; LCA ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; INVENTORY; TECHNOLOGIES; UNCERTAINTY; LCA AB Aggregated data quality indicator (ADQI) method has been used to estimate probability distributions of the input data in a life cycle assessment (LCA) to compensate for insufficient data in a statistical analysis. In a traditional ADQI, a multicriteria evaluation process, the impacts of various quality indicators under investigation are often equally weighted or unweighted despite the fact that some of them may weight more than the others on contributing to the overall data uncertainty. An unweighted ADQI (UWADQI) approach, though simple, may lead to incorrect conclusions. This paper aims to develop a weighted ADQI to overcome the deficiency of the unweighted ADQI to make it more reliable for LCA uncertainty analysis. To improve the UWADQI approach, an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is introduced in this research for estimating weighting factors in the ADQI aggregation process. An AHP's pairwise comparison function is used to determine the weighting of each data quality indicator. Three common building materials of concrete, steel, and glass were chosen to validate the presented method. Using the published results from the statistical method as the benchmarks, it was found that the proposed AHP-weighted ADQI (AWADQI) method lead to better estimated probabilistic values of embodied energy intensity than the traditional UWADQI approach for the three building materials. In conclusion, using AHP to incorporate weighing factors into an ADQI process can improve the uncertainty estimate of embodied energy of building materials, and consequently, the method can improve the reliability of a building LCA. C1 [Wang, Endong; Shen, Zhigang; Berryman, Charles; Schwer, Avery] Univ Nebraska, Durham Sch Architectural Engn & Construct, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Neal, Jill] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Shi, Jonathan] Univ Florida, Rinker Sch Bldg Construct, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Shen, ZG (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Durham Sch Architectural Engn & Construct, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM zshen3@unl.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83419301-1] FX The authors would like to thank US Environmental Protection Agency for the support through grant CR-83419301-1. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 21 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0948-3349 J9 INT J LIFE CYCLE ASS JI Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 17 IS 6 BP 764 EP 773 DI 10.1007/s11367-012-0417-8 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 953OS UT WOS:000304879800011 ER PT J AU Lau, C AF Lau, Christopher TI Perfluoroalkyl acids: Recent research highlights SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Perfluoroalkyl acids ID PERFLUORINATED PHOSPHONIC-ACIDS; PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONATE PFOS; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; SERUM; RATS; ELIMINATION; PHARMACOKINETICS; SULFONATE; EXCRETION; EXPOSURE C1 US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Lau, C (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop 67, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM lau.christopher@epa.gov NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 405 EP 409 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.03.002 PG 5 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 959HI UT WOS:000305303100001 PM 22429996 ER PT J AU Abbott, BD Wood, CR Watkins, AM Tatum-Gibbs, K Das, KP Lau, C AF Abbott, Barbara D. Wood, Carmen R. Watkins, Andrew M. Tatum-Gibbs, Katoria Das, Kaberi P. Lau, Christopher TI Effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and nuclear receptor-regulated genes in fetal and postnatal CD-1 mouse tissues SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA); Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha); Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-beta (PPAR beta); Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma); Developmental toxicity ID DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; RAT-LIVER; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; ALPHA EXPRESSION; TARGET GENES; GAMMA; MICE; MECHANISMS; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE AB PPARs regulate metabolism and can be activated by environmental contaminants such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). PFOA induces neonatal mortality, developmental delay, and growth deficits in mice. Studies in genetically altered mice showed that PPAR alpha is required for PFOA-induced developmental toxicity. In this study, pregnant CD-1 mice were dosed orally from GD1 to 17 with water or 5 mg PFOA/kg to examine PPAR alpha, PPAR beta, and PPAR gamma expression and profile the effects of PFOA on PPAR-regulated genes. Prenatal and postnatal liver, heart, adrenal, kidney, intestine, stomach, lung, spleen, and thymus were collected at various developmental ages. RNA and protein were examined using qPCR and Western blot analysis. PPAR expression varied with age in all tissues, and in liver PPAR alpha and PPAR gamma expression correlated with nutritional changes as the pups matured. As early as GD14. PFOA affected expression of genes involved in lipid and glucose homeostatic control. The metabolic disruption produced by PFOA may contribute to poor postnatal survival and persistent weight deficits of CD-1 mouse neonates. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Abbott, Barbara D.; Wood, Carmen R.; Watkins, Andrew M.; Tatum-Gibbs, Katoria; Das, Kaberi P.; Lau, Christopher] US EPA, Dev Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div MD 67, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Abbott, BD (reprint author), US EPA, Dev Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div MD 67, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Abbott.barbara@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 491 EP 505 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.11.005 PG 15 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 959HI UT WOS:000305303100008 PM 22154759 ER PT J AU Dixon, D Reed, CE Moore, AB Gibbs-Flournoy, EA Hines, EP Wallace, EA Stanko, JP Lu, Y Jefferson, WN Newbold, RR Fenton, SE AF Dixon, Darlene Reed, Casey E. Moore, Alicia B. Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene A. Hines, Erin P. Wallace, Elizabeth A. Stanko, Jason P. Lu, Yi Jefferson, Wendy N. Newbold, Retha R. Fenton, Suzanne E. TI Histopathologic changes in the uterus, cervix and vagina of immature CD-1 mice exposed to low doses of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in a uterotrophic assay SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PFOA; Immature mice; Uterotrophic assay; Uterus; Cervix; Vagina; Pathology; Estradiol ID MAMMARY-GLAND DEVELOPMENT; MINNOWS GOBIOCYPRIS-RARUS; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; RAINBOW-TROUT; FEMALE RATS; MOUSE; EXPRESSION; ESTROGEN; EPITHELIUM; MILK AB The estrogenic and antiestrogenic potential of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was assessed using an immature mouse uterotrophic assay and by histologic evaluation of the uterus, cervix and vagina following treatment. Female offspring of CD-1 dams were weaned at 18 days old and assigned to groups of equal weight, and received 0, 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mg PFOA/kg BW/d by gavage with or without 17-beta estradiol (E-2. 500 mu g/kg/d) from PND 18-20 (n = 8/treatment/block). At 24h after the third dose (PND 21), uteri were removed and weighed. Absolute and relative uterine weights were significantly increased in the 0.01 mg/kg PFOA only group. Characteristic estrogenic changes were present in all E-2-treated mice; however, they were minimally visible in the 0.01 PFOA only mice. These data suggest that at a low dose PFOA produces minimal histopathologic changes in the reproductive tract of immature female mice, and does not antagonize the histopathologic effects of E-2. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Dixon, Darlene; Reed, Casey E.; Moore, Alicia B.; Wallace, Elizabeth A.; Stanko, Jason P.; Fenton, Suzanne E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program NTP Labs Branch, Div NTP, Natl Inst Hlth,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gibbs-Flournoy, Eugene A.] Univ N Carolina, Toxicol Curriculum, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hines, Erin P.] US EPA, Environm Media Assessment Grp, NCEA, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lu, Yi] Social & Sci Syst Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. [Jefferson, Wendy N.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, Div Intramural Res, Natl Inst Hlth,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Newbold, Retha R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NTP, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Fenton, SE (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program NTP Labs Branch, Div NTP, Natl Inst Hlth,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, POB 12233,MDE1-08 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM dixon@niehs.nih.gov; fentonse@niehs.nih.gov OI Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267 FU Division of the National Toxicology Program of the NIH; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; U.S. EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory FX This research was supported by the Division of the National Toxicology Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the U.S. EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory. The authors would like to thank Drs. Ronald Herbert and Mark Cesta for their critical review of the manuscript. Ms. Casey E. Reed is a contract employee of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 506 EP 512 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.10.011 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 959HI UT WOS:000305303100009 PM 22146484 ER PT J AU Butenhoff, JL Bjork, JA Chang, SC Ehresman, DJ Parker, GA Das, K Lau, C Lieder, PH van Otterdijk, FM Wallace, KB AF Butenhoff, John L. Bjork, James A. Chang, Shu-Ching Ehresman, David J. Parker, George A. Das, Kaberi Lau, Christopher Lieder, Paul H. van Otterdijk, Francois M. Wallace, Kendall B. TI Toxicological evaluation of ammonium perfluorobutyrate in rats: Twenty-eight-day and ninety-day oral gavage studies SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorobutyrate (PFBA); Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA); Repeat-dose toxicity; Rats ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; MALIC ENZYME GENE; PERFLUORINATED FATTY-ACIDS; OXIDATION-RELATED ENZYMES; THYROID-HORMONE RESPONSE; RECEPTORS PPAR-ALPHA; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID; FREE-THYROXINE; MOUSE-LIVER AB Sequential 28-day and 90-day oral toxicity studies were performed in male and female rats with ammonium perfluorobutyrate (NH(4)(+)PFBA) at doses up to 150 and 30 mg/kg-d, respectively. Ammonium perfluorooctanoate was used as a comparator at a dose of 30 mg/kg-d in the 28-day study. Female rats were unaffected by NH(4)(+)PFBA. Effects in males included: increased liver weight, slight to minimal hepatocellular hypertrophy: decreased serum total cholesterol: and reduced serum thyroxin with no change in serum thyrotropin. During recovery, liver weight, histological, and cholesterol effects were resolved. Results of RT-qPCR were consistent with increased transcriptional expression of the xenosensor nuclear receptors PPAR alpha and CAR as well as the thyroid receptor, and decreased expression of Cyp1A1 (Ah receptor-regulated). No observable adverse effect levels (NOAELs) were 6 and >150 mg/kg-d for male and female rats in the 28-day study and 6 and >30 mg/kg-d in the 90-dat study, respectively. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Butenhoff, John L.; Chang, Shu-Ching; Ehresman, David J.; Lieder, Paul H.] 3M Co, Dept Med, Ctr 220 06W08 3M, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. [Bjork, James A.; Wallace, Kendall B.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Parker, George A.] Biotechnics Inc, Hillsborough, NC USA. [Das, Kaberi; Lau, Christopher] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [van Otterdijk, Francois M.] NOTOX BV, NL-5231 DD Shertogenbosch, Netherlands. RP Butenhoff, JL (reprint author), 3M Co, Dept Med, Ctr 220 06W08 3M, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. EM jlbutenhoff@mmm.com; jbjork1@d.umn.edu; s.chang@mmm.com; djehresman@mmm.com; gparker@biotechnics-inc.com; das.kaberi@epa.gov; lau.christopher@epa.gov; phlieder1@mmm.com; francois.van.otterdijk@notox.nl; kwallace@d.umn.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names orcommercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 72 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 513 EP 530 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.08.004 PG 18 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 959HI UT WOS:000305303100010 PM 21878386 ER PT J AU Wolf, CJ Schmid, JE Lau, C Abbott, BD AF Wolf, Cynthia J. Schmid, Judith E. Lau, Christopher Abbott, Barbara D. TI Activation of mouse and human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha) by perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs): Further investigation of C4-C12 compounds SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluoroalkyl acids; PPAR-alpha; PPAR alpha; Relative potency; COS-1; Reporter gene assay; Mouse; Human ID PERFLUORINATED FATTY-ACIDS; CARBON-CHAIN LENGTH; PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; BETA-OXIDATION; EXPOSURE; LIVER AB Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) are manufactured surfactants found globally in the environment and in tissues of humans and wildlife. Several PFAAs adversely affect rodents and activation of PPAR alpha is thought to be their mode of action. Our previous study demonstrated that some PFAAs activate mouse and human PPAR alpha in transiently transfected COS-1 cells. Here, we test more PFAAs for PPAR alpha activation in the same system. Cells were transfected with either mouse or human PPAR alpha-luciferase reporter plasmid, exposed the next day to either vehicle, PPAR alpha agonist (WY14643), perfluoropentanoic acid (C5), perfluoroheptanoic acid (C7), perfluorooctanoic acid (C8), perfluoroundecanoic acid (C11), or perfluorododecanoic acid (C12) at concentrations from 0.5 mu M to 100 mu M, and luminescence was measured after 24 h. C8 induced the highest activity for human PPAR alpha, followed by C7, C5, and C11. C12 had little activity. C8 induced the highest activity for mouse PPAR alpha, followed by C11, C7, C12 and C5. The two studies together found increasing activity of PPAR alpha with increasing chain length of the PFAA up to perfluorononanoic acid (C9) and lower activity with longer chain PFAAs with both mouse and human PPAR alpha. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wolf, Cynthia J.; Lau, Christopher; Abbott, Barbara D.] US EPA, Dev Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Schmid, Judith E.] US EPA, Biostat & Bioinformat Branch, Res Core Unit, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wolf, CJ (reprint author), US EPA, Dev Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL,ORD, MD-67,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wolf.cynthiaj@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Vickie Wilson and Susan Hester for their review of this manuscript. The work presented in this manuscript has been funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and reviewed and approved for publication by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory. Approval by the USEPA does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. NR 51 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 546 EP 551 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.09.009 PG 6 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 959HI UT WOS:000305303100013 PM 22107727 ER PT J AU Zhao, Y Tan, YS Strynar, MJ Perez, G Haslam, SZ Yang, CF AF Zhao, Yong Tan, Ying S. Strynar, Mark J. Perez, Gloria Haslam, Sandra Z. Yang, Chengfeng TI Perfluorooctanoic acid effects on ovaries mediate its inhibition of peripubertal mammary gland development in Balb/c and C57Bl/6 mice SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA); Mammary gland development Puberty; Steroid hormones; Growth factors; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) ID RESTRICTED GESTATIONAL EXPOSURES; ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHA; ACUTE REGULATORY PROTEIN; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; GROWTH-FACTOR; PROGESTERONE ACTION; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; BREAST-CANCER; CROSS-FOSTER; MOUSE UTERUS AB Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a synthetic perfluorinated compound and an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha), causes stunted mouse mammary gland development in various developmental stages. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We found that peripubertal PFOA exposure significantly inhibited mammary gland growth in both Balb/c and C57Bl/6 wild type mice, but not in C57Bl/6 PPAR alpha knockout mice, and Balb/c mice were more sensitive to PFOA inhibition. PFOA caused (1) delayed or absence of vaginal opening and lack of estrous cycling during the experimental period; (2) decreases in ovarian steroid hormonal synthetic enzyme levels; and (3) reduced expression of estrogen- or progesterone-induced mammary growth factors. Supplementation with exogenous estrogen and/or progesterone reversed the PFOA inhibitory effect on mammary gland. These results indicate that PFOA effects on ovaries mediate its inhibition of mammary gland development in Balb/c and C57Bl/6 mice and that PPAR alpha expression is a contributing factor. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Yong; Tan, Ying S.; Perez, Gloria; Haslam, Sandra Z.; Yang, Chengfeng] Michigan State Univ, Dept Physiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zhao, Yong; Tan, Ying S.; Haslam, Sandra Z.; Yang, Chengfeng] Michigan State Univ, Breast Canc & Environm Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Yang, Chengfeng] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Integrat Toxicol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Strynar, Mark J.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Yang, CF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Physiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM yzhao@msu.edu; tanying@msu.edu; strynar.mark@epa.gov; perezg@msu.edu; shaslam@msu.edu; yangcf@msu.edu FU Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers Grant from the National Institute of Environment Health Science (NIEHS) [U01 ES/CA 012800]; National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services FX This work was supported by the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers Grant U01 ES/CA 012800 from the National Institute of Environment Health Science (NIEHS) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS or NCI, NIH. The authors would like to thank Jeffery Leipprandt, Jessica Bennett, Lisa Ann Zustiak and Dr. Jianwei Xie for their excellent technical assistance in animal model studies. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 33 IS 4 SI SI BP 563 EP 576 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.02.004 PG 14 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 959HI UT WOS:000305303100016 PM 22414604 ER PT J AU Chung, S Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Chung, Seungjoon Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Effectiveness of Plant-Derived Sorbents for the Remediation of Low-Energy Intertidal Wetlands Contaminated by Oil Spills SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Wetlands; Remediation; Sorbent; Crude oil; Tide ID CLEANUP; WATER AB The use of plant-derived sorbent was investigated as a remediation strategy for low-energy intertidal wetlands contaminated by crude oil spills. Effectiveness of plant-derived sorbent as a wicking agent was evaluated in microcosms simulating intertidal wetlands. Microcosms were designed to impose three different oil penetration depths (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 cm), two different tidal amplitudes (+/- 5 and +/- 10 cm above oil-contaminated surface), and two different types of sorbents (raw bagasse and hydrophobic-treated bagasse). We observed that the use of plant-derived sorbent was beneficial not only in removing oil but also in preventing further contamination. Oil penetration depth and tidal amplitude both negatively influenced the effectiveness of the sorbent. Effectiveness of the hydrophobic-treated sorbent was always higher than that of untreated one at any given oil penetration depth and tidal amplitude. Effectiveness of hydrophobic-treated sorbent was relatively low compared to that of raw bagasse. The most plausible explanation is that oil wicking mainly occurred during low tide. From a cost-effectiveness point of view, we suggest the use of raw bagasse immediately after an oil spill for remediation of low-energy intertidal wetlands. The observed results imply that this technique has potential to stimulate biodegradation by wicking oil out of contaminated intertidal wetlands subsurface to the aerobic zone where biodegradation can take place. C1 [Chung, Seungjoon] Samsung Engn Co Ltd, Technol Dev Ctr, Suwon 443823, Gyeonggi, South Korea. [Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chung, S (reprint author), Samsung Engn Co Ltd, Technol Dev Ctr, Suwon 443823, Gyeonggi, South Korea. EM phd.chung@samsung.com NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 223 IS 6 BP 3137 EP 3144 DI 10.1007/s11270-012-1096-6 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 954DH UT WOS:000304926200024 ER PT J AU Kepner, WG Ramsey, MM Brown, ES Jarchow, ME Dickinson, KJM Mark, AF AF Kepner, William G. Ramsey, Molly M. Brown, Elizabeth S. Jarchow, Meghann E. Dickinson, Katharine J. M. Mark, Alan F. TI Hydrologic futures: using scenario analysis to evaluate impacts of forecasted land use change on hydrologic services SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE alternative futures; Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment; ecosystem services; Generalized Watershed Loading Function; hydrologic modeling; Moodna Creek Watershed; scenario analysis; water quality; water quantity; water resources; watershed assessment; Willamette River Basin ID WATER-RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; RIVER-BASIN; ALTERNATIVE FUTURES; GLOBAL CHANGE; FRESH-WATER; MODEL; HYDROCHEMISTRY; YIELD; GWLF AB Land cover and land use changes can substantially alter hydrologic ecosystem services. Water availability and quality can change with modifications to the type or amount of surface vegetation, the permeability of soil and other surfaces, and the introduction of contaminants through human activities. Efforts to understand and predict the effects of land use decisions on hydrologic services-and to use this information in decision making-are challenged by the complexities of ecosystem functioning and by the need to translate scientific information into a form that decision makers can use. Hydrologic modeling coupled with scenario analysis can (1) elucidate hydrologic responses to anticipated changes in land use and (2) improve the utility of scientific information for decision making in a manner that facilitates stakeholder involvement. Using a combination of general concepts and concrete examples, this paper summarizes hydrologic consequences of land use changes and describes the use of modeling and scenario analysis to inform decision making. Two case studies integrate the concepts raised in the paper and illustrate how an approach employing modeling and scenario analysis offers a potentially powerful way to link research on hydrologic services with decision making. C1 [Kepner, William G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Ramsey, Molly M.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm Sci, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Brown, Elizabeth S.] ESB Sci Style, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Jarchow, Meghann E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Dickinson, Katharine J. M.; Mark, Alan F.] Univ Otago, Dept Bot, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. RP Kepner, WG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM estallmanbrown@verizon.net FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; U.S. Geological Survey; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Science Foundation; ESA; EPA FX This paper emerged from the Ecological Society of America's (ESA) 2009 Millennium Conference on Water-Ecosystem Services, Drought, and Environmental Justice. Support for this paper was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development; the paper has been subjected to the EPA peer and administrative review process and has been approved for publication. The Millennium Conference was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; U.S. Geological Survey; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Science Foundation; ESA; and EPA. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers who provided input to this paper at various stages and Jill Petraglia Parsons, ESA Science Programs Manager, for her role in managing and coordinating this publication effort. W. G. K. would like to thank Mariano Hernandez (USDA/Agricultural Research Service) for his collaboration and assistance in analyzing Willamette River Basin scenarios via the Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment tool. M. M. R. thanks Bonghhi Hong and Dennis Swaney at Cornell University for their help and for the use of the Generalized Watershed Loading Function-XL, as well as Kelly Dobbins, Simon Gruber, and Dave Church of the Orange County Water Authority and the Orange County Department of Planning for their assistance with watershed stakeholders, GIS, and other key site information. NR 85 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JUL PY 2012 VL 3 IS 7 AR UNSP 69 DI 10.1890/ES11-00367.1 PG 25 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256IF UT WOS:000327302300011 ER PT J AU Rhodes, ER Villegas, LF Shaw, NJ Miller, C Villegas, EN AF Rhodes, Eric R. Villegas, Leah Fohl Shaw, Nancy J. Miller, Carrie Villegas, Eric N. TI A Modified EPA Method 1623 that Uses Tangential Flow Hollow-fiber Ultrafiltration and Heat Dissociation Steps to Detect Waterborne Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp. SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Immunology; Issue 65; Infection; Microbiology; Medicine; Cryptospordium; hollow-fiber ultrafiltration; EPA Method 1623; heat dissociation; Giardia AB Cryptosporidium and Giardia species are two of the most prevalent protozoa that cause waterborne diarrheal disease outbreaks worldwide. To better characterize the prevalence of these pathogens, EPA Method 1623 was developed and used to monitor levels of these organisms in US drinking water supplies (12). The method has three main parts; the first is the sample concentration in which at least 10 L of raw surface water is filtered. The organisms and trapped debris are then eluted from the filter and centrifuged to further concentrate the sample. The second part of the method uses an immunomagnetic separation procedure where the concentrated water sample is applied to immunomagnetic beads that specifically bind to the Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts allowing for specific removal of the parasites from the concentrated debris. These (oo) cysts are then detached from the magnetic beads by an acid dissociation procedure. The final part of the method is the immunofluorescence staining and enumeration where (oo) cysts are applied to a slide, stained, and enumerated by microscopy. Method 1623 has four listed sample concentration systems to capture Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in water: Envirochek filters (Pall Corporation, Ann Arbor, MI), Envirochek HV filters (Pall Corporation), Filta-Max filters (IDEXX, Westbrook, MA), or Continuous Flow Centrifugation (Haemonetics, Braintree, MA). However, Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo) cyst recoveries have varied greatly depending on the source water matrix and filters used(1,14). A new tangential flow hollow-fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) system has recently been shown to be more efficient and more robust at recovering Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts from various water matrices; moreover, it is less expensive than other capsule filter options and can concentrate multiple pathogens simultaneously(1-3,5-8,10,11). In addition, previous studies by Hill and colleagues demonstrated that the HFUF significantly improved Cryptosporidium oocysts recoveries when directly compared with the Envirochek HV filters(4). Additional modifications to the current methods have also been reported to improve method performance. Replacing the acid dissociation procedure with heat dissociation was shown to be more effective at separating Cryptosporidium from the magnetic beads in some matrices(9,13). This protocol describes a modified Method 1623 that uses the new HFUF filtration system with the heat dissociation step. The use of HFUF with this modified Method is a less expensive alternative to current EPA Method 1623 filtration options and provides more flexibility by allowing the concentration of multiple organisms. C1 [Rhodes, Eric R.; Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Miller, Carrie] US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC USA. RP Rhodes, ER (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM rhodes.eric@epa.gov RI Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development in collaboration; Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water's Technical Support Center; US EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio; United States Environmental Protection Agency [EP-C-06-031] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development in collaboration with the Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water's Technical Support Center funded the research described here. All work was supported on-site at the US EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio. Although the information described in this article has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under contract (Contract EP-C-06-031) to Shaw Environmental and Infrastructure, Inc, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JUL PY 2012 IS 65 AR UNSP e4177 DI 10.3791/4177 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36PJ UT WOS:000209223200045 ER PT J AU Tomimatsu, GS AF Tomimatsu, G. S. TI Reviewing biopesticides in the United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY AUG 04-08, 2012 CL Providence, RI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS) C1 [Tomimatsu, G. S.] US EPA, OPP BPPD, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2012 VL 102 IS 7 SU 4 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196SX UT WOS:000322797800800 ER PT J AU Wozniak, CA AF Wozniak, C. A. TI Biotechnology for disease management: Regulatory considerations SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Phytopathological-Society (APS) CY AUG 04-08, 2012 CL Providence, RI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS) C1 [Wozniak, C. A.] US EPA, OPP BPPD, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2012 VL 102 IS 7 SU 4 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 196SX UT WOS:000322797800801 ER PT J AU Masih, J Singhvi, R Taneja, A Kumar, K Masih, H AF Masih, Jamson Singhvi, Raj Taneja, Ajay Kumar, Krishan Masih, Harison TI Gaseous/particulate bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), seasonal variation in North central part of rural India SO SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE PAHs; Gaseous/particulate phase; Rural India; Seasonal variation AB The concentration of twenty-three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in the outdoor environment of rural homes in the North central part of India during three consecutive season winter, summer and rainy (November 2006-October 2007). The gaseous phase PAHs were collected by using XAD-2 resin tubes (600 mg) followed by a PTFE filter paper (37 mu m dia) for particulate bound PAHs at a flow rate of 3 Lpm for 24 h. The individual PAHs were identified by using a gas chromatograph with mass spectrometry detector (GC/MS). The results showed that average concentration of (gas + particulate) PAHs varied with season. It ranged from (21.91-1290.50 ng/m(3)) being the highest in winter, lower in summer (11.18-613.00 ng/m(3)) and lowest in the rainy season (13.10-272.50 ng/m(3)) respectively. The total PAHs concentrations in the air were 32.56% and 61.97% higher in winter season from summer and rainy season respectively. It was indicated that the two, three and four rings PAHs were predominantly in gaseous phase while the five and six rings PAHs were primarily associated with the particulate phase. Among the 23 PAHs, naphthalene was the most abundant PAH. It contributed 30.99-55.81% to the sum of PAHs in three different seasons. The trend of the concentrations of the major PAHs found in present study were Nap > 2 methyl Nap > 1 methyl Nap > biphenyl > acenapthylene at all the sampling locations. The average BaP equivalent exposure, calculated by using toxic equivalent factors was approximately 27.95 ng/m(3). Correlation and factor analysis was applied to identify the probable sources of PAHs. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Masih, Jamson] Wilson Coll, Dept Chem, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Singhvi, Raj] US EPA, Environm Response Team, Edison, NJ USA. [Taneja, Ajay] Dr BR Ambedkar Univ, Dept Chem, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Kumar, Krishan] Jawharlalnehru Univ, Sch Environm Sci, New Delhi, India. [Masih, Harison] SHIATS, Dept Microbiol & Fermentat Technol, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Masih, J (reprint author), Wilson Coll, Dept Chem, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. EM jamsonmasihmd@yahoo.co.in FU University Grant Commission (UGC) [34-375 (SR)/2008]; UGC-Dr. D.S. Kothari Post Doctoral Fellowship [F 4-2/2006(BSR)/13-329/2008(BSR)] FX Financial support of University Grant Commission (UGC) sponsored project No. 34-375 (SR)/2008 and UGC-Dr. D.S. Kothari Post Doctoral Fellowship [No. F 4-2/2006(BSR)/13-329/2008(BSR)] to first author working in School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi are duly acknowledged. We thank to V. Kansal, D. Killeen, Lockheed Martin, J. Sorok of Environmental Response Team (ERT), United State Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) for analyzing our samples. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2210-6715 J9 SUSTAIN CITIES SOC JI Sust. Cities Soc. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 3 BP 30 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.scs.2012.01.001 PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Construction & Building Technology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA V41NU UT WOS:000209553700004 ER PT J AU Donner, E Ryan, CG Howard, DL Zarcinas, B Scheckel, KG McGrath, SP de Jonge, MD Paterson, D Naidu, R Lombi, E AF Donner, E. Ryan, C. G. Howard, D. L. Zarcinas, B. Scheckel, K. G. McGrath, S. P. de Jonge, M. D. Paterson, D. Naidu, R. Lombi, E. TI A multi-technique investigation of copper and zinc distribution, speciation and potential bioavailability in biosolids SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Biosolids; Density separation; EXAFS; E-values; X-ray fluorescence; Metals ID SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; HEAVY-METALS; NITROGEN-FIXATION; AMENDED SOILS; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; THLASPI-CAERULESCENS; CHEMICAL-EXTRACTION; CONTAMINATED SOIL; PAST APPLICATIONS AB The use of biosolids in agriculture continues to be debated, largely in relation to their metal contents. Our knowledge regarding the speciation and bioavailability of biosolids metals is still far from complete. In this study, a multi-technique approach was used to investigate copper and zinc speciation and partitioning in one contemporary and two historical biosolids used extensively in previous research and field trials. Using wet chemistry and synchrotron spectroscopy techniques it was shown that copper/zinc speciation in the biosolids was largely equivalent despite the biosolids being derived from different countries over a 50 year period. Furthermore, copper speciation was consistently dominated by sorption to organic matter whereas Zn partitioned mainly to iron oxides. These data suggest that the results of historical field trials are still relevant for modern biosolids and that further risk assessment studies should concentrate particularly on Cu as this metal is associated with the mineralisable biosolids fraction. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Donner, E.; Zarcinas, B.; Naidu, R.; Lombi, E.] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Ryan, C. G.] CSIRO, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Donner, E.; Zarcinas, B.; Naidu, R.; Lombi, E.] CRC CARE, Salisbury, SA, Australia. [Howard, D. L.; de Jonge, M. D.; Paterson, D.] Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Scheckel, K. G.] Off Res & Dev, US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. [McGrath, S. P.] Rothamsted Res, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. RP Donner, E (reprint author), Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Bldg X,Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. EM erica.donner@unisa.edu.au RI Naidu, Ravi/F-5927-2012; McGrath, Steve/B-5127-2008; Ryan, Chris/A-6032-2011; Donner, Erica/A-4809-2012; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Lombi, Enzo/F-3860-2013 OI McGrath, Steve/0000-0003-0952-8947; Ryan, Chris/0000-0003-2891-3912; Donner, Erica/0000-0001-6465-2233; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Lombi, Enzo/0000-0003-3384-0375 FU Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE); Australian Synchrotron; University of South Australia; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of the UK FX This research was undertaken using the XFM beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, Victoria, Australia, and the Australian National Beamline Facility (XAS) BL20-B beamline at the Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Japan. Financial support was provided by the Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE) and the Australian Synchrotron. The University of South Australia also provided financial support in the form of a Distinguished International Researcher Award for Dr Kirk Scheckel. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development participated in the data collection and analysis of a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. Rothamsted Research received grant-aided support from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of the UK. We thank Dean Hesterberg, Barbara Etschmann and Markus Grafe for supplying additional XAS standard spectra. We thank Tunde Heinrich for her assistance with the density separation. NR 53 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 166 BP 57 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.02.012 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 948ON UT WOS:000304512600008 PM 22475551 ER PT J AU Kireta, AR Reavie, ED Sgro, GV Angradi, TR Bolgrien, DW Jicha, TM Hill, BH AF Kireta, Amy R. Reavie, Euan D. Sgro, Gerald V. Angradi, Ted R. Bolgrien, David W. Jicha, Terri M. Hill, Brian H. TI Assessing the condition of the Missouri, Ohio, and Upper Mississippi rivers (USA) using diatom-based indicators SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Diatoms; Great rivers; Monitoring; Transfer functions ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; MONITORING EUTROPHICATION; ECOLOGICAL STATUS; INFERENCE MODELS; BENTHIC DIATOMS; STREAMS; ASSEMBLAGES; INDEXES AB Diatom-based indicators were developed to assess environmental conditions in the Missouri, Ohio, and Upper Mississippi rivers. Disturbance gradients, comprising the first two principal components derived from a suite of stressor variables, included a trophic gradient (Trophic) and a gradient reflecting agriculture and other development activities (Ag/Dev). Diatom-based indicators were developed by creating models using weighted average calibration and regression-based transfer functions to relate planktonic and periphytic diatom species assemblages to each disturbance gradient. The most predictive disturbance models combined phytoplankton and periphyton assemblages into a single bioindicator model (observed versus inferred: Trophic ; Ag/Dev ). The geographic applicability of bioindicators was assessed by limiting sample geographical range during model calibrations. Geographic scale was limited by creating bioindicators using samples from: (a) each river, and (b) combined Mississippi/Missouri samples excluding Ohio River sites which were chemically unique. Indicator performance decreased with geographically restrictive models, therefore river basin-wide models, developed across all three rivers, is recommended. The most effective diatom-based disturbance bioindicators for this great river ecosystem could be applied using phytoplankton, periphyton, or combined assemblages to infer both trophic and agriculture/development disturbances. C1 [Kireta, Amy R.; Reavie, Euan D.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, Ely, MN 55731 USA. [Sgro, Gerald V.] John Carroll Univ, Dept Biol, University Hts, OH 44118 USA. [Angradi, Ted R.; Bolgrien, David W.; Jicha, Terri M.; Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Kireta, AR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota Duluth, Nat Resources Res Inst, Ctr Water & Environm, 1900 E Camp St, Ely, MN 55731 USA. EM akireta@d.umn.edu RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013; OI Reavie, Euan/0000-0001-8871-5809 FU US Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83272401] FX Special thanks to Adam Heathcote and Steve Juggins for statistical support and suggestions. We would like to thank all of our EMAP-GRE colleagues for their contributions including: field crews for sample collection and field measures, the EPA Mid-Continent Ecology Division lab in Duluth, Minnesota for chemical analyses, and K. Kennedy and L. Allinger for slide preparations. This study was supported by a grant to E. Reavie from the US Environmental Protection Agency under cooperative agreement CR-83272401. This document has not been subjected to the Agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the view of the Agency, and no official endorsements should be inferred. This is contribution number 534 of the Center for Water and the Environment, Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD JUL PY 2012 VL 691 IS 1 BP 171 EP 188 DI 10.1007/s10750-012-1067-3 PG 18 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 949GQ UT WOS:000304565100016 ER PT J AU Casey, W AF Casey, Warren TI Validating High-throughput Test Methods for Tox21; the Technology Has Changed, but the Objective Remains the Same SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Casey, Warren] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NTP Interagency Ctr Evaluat Alternat Toxicol Meth, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM warren.casey@nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 48 SU 1 BP 13 EP 14 PG 2 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 947BU UT WOS:000304402400032 ER PT J AU Lynn, SG AF Lynn, S. G. TI EDSP21: The Incorporation of In Silico Models and In Vitro High Throughput Assays in the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) for Prioritization and Screening SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lynn, S. G.] US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM lynn.scott@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 48 SU 1 BP 13 EP 13 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 947BU UT WOS:000304402400031 ER PT J AU Lehrter, JC Beddick, DL Devereux, R Yates, DF Murrell, MC AF Lehrter, John C. Beddick, David L., Jr. Devereux, Richard Yates, Diane F. Murrell, Michael C. TI Sediment-water fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon, O-2, nutrients, and N-2 from the hypoxic region of the Louisiana continental shelf SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Sediment-water DIC; O-2 and nutrient flux; Denitrification; Hypoxia; LOUISIANA shelf ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; ORGANIC-MATTER; NORTH-ATLANTIC; DENITRIFICATION; OXYGEN; MINERALIZATION; SEA; BAY AB Globally, hypoxic areas (< 63 mmol O-2 m(-3)) in coastal waters are increasing in number and spatial extent. One of the largest coastal hypoxic regions has been observed during the summer in the bottom-water of the Louisiana continental shelf. The shelf receives the sediments, organic matter, and nutrients exported from the Mississippi River watershed, and much of this material is ultimately deposited to the sea floor. Hence, quantifying the rates of sediment-water dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), oxygen (O-2), and nutrient fluxes is important for understanding how these processes relate to the development and maintenance of hypoxia. In this study, the sediment-water fluxes of DIC, O-2, nutrients, and N-2 (denitrification) were measured on the Louisiana shelf during six cruises from 2005 to 2007. On each cruise, three to four sites were occupied in or directly adjacent to the region of the shelf that experiences hypoxia. DIC fluxes, a proxy for total sediment respiration, ranged from 7.9 to 21.4 mmol m(-2) day(-1) but did not vary significantly either spatially or as a function of bottom-water O-2 concentration. Overall, sediment respiration and nutrient flux rates were small in comparison to water-column respiration and phytoplankton nutrient demand. Nitrate fluxes were correlated with bottom-water O-2 concentrations (r = 0.69), and there was evidence that decreasing O-2 concentrations inhibited coupled nitrification-denitrification. Denitrification rates averaged 1.4 mmol N m(-2) day(-1). Scaled to the area of the shelf, the denitrification sink represented approximately 39% of the N load from the Mississippi River watershed. The sediment-water fluxes reported from this study add substantial information on the spatial and temporal patterns in carbon, O-2, and nutrient cycling available for the Louisiana continental shelf and, thus, improve the understanding of this system. C1 [Lehrter, John C.; Beddick, David L., Jr.; Devereux, Richard; Yates, Diane F.; Murrell, Michael C.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, NHEERL, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Lehrter, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, NHEERL, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM lehrter.john@epa.gov FU US EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory FX We thank A. Almario, J. Aukamp, M. Barron, J. Campbell, G. Craven, L. Oliver, R. Quarles, J. Scott, and R. Stanley for assistance in the collection and analysis of sediment samples. We thank J. Cornwell and M. Owens for analyzing N2, O2, and Ar samples from several of the early cruises. We thank the US EPA Office of Water and Gulf of Mexico Program Office for their support of ship time, and the crews of the OSV Bold and the R/V Longhorn which made this work possible. We thank C. Peacher, P. Caraballo, D. Bullock, and the facilties' staff for designing and building the sediment incubation systems, and for all the other facilities support for this work. Critical reviews by R. Greene, W. Gardner, J. Melack and three anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. We dedicate this contribution to the memory of our friend and EPA colleague R. L. Quarles. This study was funded, reviewed, and approved for publication by the US EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; however, the contents are solely the views of the authors. Use of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement by the US EPA. Contribution number 1373 from the US EPA, Gulf Ecology Division. NR 58 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUL PY 2012 VL 109 IS 1-3 BP 233 EP 252 DI 10.1007/s10533-011-9623-x PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 933QT UT WOS:000303377800017 ER PT J AU Hill, BH Elonen, CM Seifert, LR May, AA Tarquinio, E AF Hill, Brian H. Elonen, Colleen M. Seifert, Lindsey R. May, Ashley A. Tarquinio, Ellen TI Microbial enzyme stoichiometry and nutrient limitation in US streams and rivers SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Catchment land cover; Microbial enzymes; Nutrients; Structural equation modeling ID ORGANIC-MATTER DECOMPOSITION; TRANSPORT SYSTEM ACTIVITY; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; LAND-USE; ECOENZYMATIC STOICHIOMETRY; ELEMENTAL RATIOS; HYPORHEIC ZONE; CARBON; BACTERIOPLANKTON; BIOFILMS AB We analyzed water and sediment chemistry, catchment land cover, and microbial dehydrogenase (DHA) and extracellular enzymes activities (EEA) related to microbial C, N, P, and S acquisition in more than 2100 1st-10th order streams. The streams and their catchments represented gradients in water and sediment chemistry (C, N, P, S) and land cover (% forest, % wetland, % row crop agriculture) against which to compare biofilm and sediment DHA and EEA, and to estimate the extent of nutrient limitation in US streams and rivers. Water chemistry was significantly correlated with catchment land cover. Biofilm and sediment DHA and EEA were inversely correlated with water and sediment chemistry, and positively correlated with % forest. Canonical correlation analysis described two environmental gradients to which biofilm and sediment DHA and EEA were significantly correlated. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed a significant causal relationship between catchment land cover, chemistry, and biofilm and sediment EEA and DHA. Biofilm and sediment EEA was dominated by phenol oxidase and peroxidase, enzymes related to the degradation of recalcitrant C. However, the hydrolytic enzymes (those which hydrolyze glycoside, peptide, and ester bonds to release C, N. P. S) were better correlated with the chemical variables. This was reflected in the relative apportionment of enzyme activity toward C, N, P. and S acquisition. We compared molar stoichiometry of C. N. and P in water and sediment with biofilm and sediment ratios of GLYC:PEPT:PHOS to gauge how each measure of nutrient limitation compares with the others. Overall, water chemistry suggested many biofilms were P-limited and this was corroborated by allocation of microbial phosphatase activity. Sediments were found to be predominantly C and N-limited, and this was reflected in sediment EEA. We used these measures of nutrient limitation to assess the extent of N or P-limitation in streams and rivers of the conterminous United States and for nine ecoregions of interest to the US EPA's National Rivers and Streams Assessment (NRSA). Enzymatic stoichiometry provides a biological perspective on the influence of catchment scale anthropogenic disturbances resulting in an imbalance of nutrients being transported from those catchments. Enzyme activities represent the interface between microbial demands for, and environmental supplies of, C, N, and P. effectively linking ecological stoichiometric theory with the concept of threshold elemental ratios. The relative activities of the functional classes of extracellular enzymes provide both a measure of nutrient availability and ecosystem metabolism that may be used to assess large-scale phenomena such as regional impacts of climate change or anthropogenic disturbances. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hill, Brian H.; Elonen, Colleen M.; Seifert, Lindsey R.; May, Ashley A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Tarquinio, Ellen] US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Hill, BH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM hill.brian@epa.gov RI Hill, Brian/E-6799-2013 FU USEPA Office of Water FX The USEPA Office of Water sponsored the National Rivers and Streams Assessment. AR Olsen supervised the creation of the survey design. We are indebted to the numerous, state, federal, and contractor field crews who collected the NRSA data. Thanks also to Marsha Johnson for creating the map of NRSA sites. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 45 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 4 U2 95 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 18 BP 540 EP 551 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.01.007 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 932IQ UT WOS:000303284500059 ER PT J AU Gordon, CJ AF Gordon, Christopher J. TI The mouse: An "average" homeotherm SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Core temperature; Rodent; Stability; Proportional control ID CORE TEMPERATURE AB Mice, rats, and nearly all mammals and birds are classified as homeothermic, meaning that their core temperature is regulated at a constant level over a relatively wide range of ambient temperatures. In one sense, this homeothermic designation has been confirmed by the advent of radiotelemetry and other techniques that allow for the remote monitoring of awake, unrestrained animals in laboratory or natural settings. This technology confirmed that, when averaged over many hours, core temperature of mammals is regulated at a nearly constant level. On the other hand, telemetric sampling in relatively small mammals such as mice and rats also revealed that their core temperature often varies markedly from hour to hour. In other words, the mouse could be defined as a homeotherm only when core temperature is averaged over a relatively long period. Many researchers ascribe equal homeothermic capabilities to mice and other small rodents as they do to humans. Such an assumption could lead to errors in extrapolating physiological, pharmacological, and toxicological findings from experimental test species to humans. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gordon, CJ (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, MD B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gordon.christopher@epa.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD JUL PY 2012 VL 37 IS 4 SI SI BP 286 EP 290 DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2011.06.008 PG 5 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 932JC UT WOS:000303286300008 ER PT J AU Gullett, BK Tabor, D Touati, A Kasai, J Fitz, N AF Gullett, Brian K. Tabor, Dennis Touati, Abderrahmane Kasai, Jeanne Fitz, Nancy TI Emissions from open burning of used agricultural pesticide containers SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Pesticide containers; Open burning; Emissions; 2,4-D; Atrazine ID PCDD/F EMISSIONS; COMBUSTION; FOREST; POLYETHYLENE; IMPURITIES; PRODUCTS; RESIDUE; DIOXINS; BIOMASS; PCB AB Emissions from simulated open burning of used agricultural pesticide containers were sampled for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/PCDFs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs), and particle matter (PM10 and PM2.5). Clean high density polyethylene (HDPE) containers, containers with trace pesticide, and triple-rinsed containers were burned separately in an open combustion facility and their emissions compared. Two common chlorinated pesticides were used: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-chloro-3-ethylamino-5-isopropylamino-2,4,6-triazine (atrazine). PCDD/PCDF emission factors ranged from 0.1 to 24 ng toxic equivalents (TEQ)/kg C burned with a mean and median of 4.9 and 1.9 ng TEQ/kg C burned, respectively. In a limited number of trials, the trace 2,4-D in the HDPE container led to a statistically significant increase in PCDD/PCDF formation compare to all other conditions. Residual atrazine did not lead to more PCDD/PCDF than the unrinsed 2,4-D container. Total (16 compounds) PAH emission factors varied from 1.5 to 6.7 mg/kg C burned. These limited data suggest that rinsing the 2,4-D container prior to burning reduces both PCDD/PCDF and PAH emissions. Nine PM2.5 emission factors ranged from 9 to 35 mg/gC burned and ten PM10 values ranged from 6 to 43 mg/g C burned. Neither pesticide appeared to have any effect on PM concentration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gullett, Brian K.; Tabor, Dennis] US EPA, Off Res & Dev EC43 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Touati, Abderrahmane] ARCADIS US Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Kasai, Jeanne; Fitz, Nancy] US EPA, Off Chem Safety & Pollut Prevent 7506P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Gullett, BK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev EC43 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Gullett.Brian@epamail.epa.gov FU U.S. EPA FX The authors express their appreciation to Reliance Products. L.P. (Winnipeg, Canada) for supply of the HDPE containers. This work was fully funded by the U.S. EPA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN 30 PY 2012 VL 221 BP 236 EP 241 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.041 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 960CQ UT WOS:000305366000030 PM 22579403 ER PT J AU Stribling, J Sweeney, B Morse, J Corkum, G Lester, G Miller, S Mitchell, R Poulton, B Strachan, S Wetzel, M AF Stribling, James Sweeney, Bernard Morse, John Corkum, Gail Lester, Gary Miller, Scott Mitchell, Richard Poulton, Barry Strachan, Stephanie Wetzel, Mark TI "Taxonomic certification versus the scientific method": a rebuttal of Rogers (2012) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article ID DATA QUALITY; SYSTEMATICS C1 [Stribling, James] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Owings Mills, MD 21117 USA. [Sweeney, Bernard] Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA 19311 USA. [Morse, John] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Corkum, Gail] Acadia Univ, ACER, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R2, Canada. [Lester, Gary] EcoAnalysts Inc, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Miller, Scott] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Natl Aquat Monitoring Ctr, US Bur Land Management, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Mitchell, Richard] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Poulton, Barry] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Strachan, Stephanie] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Water Qual Monitoring & Surveillance Div, Vancouver, BC V6C 3S5, Canada. [Wetzel, Mark] Univ Illinois, Prairie Res Inst, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Stribling, J (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, 400 Red Brook Blvd,Suite 200, Owings Mills, MD 21117 USA. EM james.stribling@tetratech.com; sweeney@stroudcenter.org; jmorse@clemson.edu; gail.corkum@acadiau.ca; glester@ecoanalysts.com; scott.miller@usu.edu; Mitchell.Richard@epamail.epa.gov; barry_poulton@usgs.gov; Stephanie.Strachan@ec.gc.ca; mjwetzel@illinois.edu RI Miller, Scott/H-6548-2011 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 28 PY 2012 IS 3359 BP 65 EP 68 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 967BW UT WOS:000305882100006 ER PT J AU Yong, ST Wang, XF AF Yong, Sheila T. Wang, Xiao-Fan TI A Novel, Non-Apoptotic Role for Scythe/BAT3: A Functional Switch between the Pro- and Anti-Proliferative Roles of p21 during the Cell Cycle SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID UBIQUITIN LIGASE COMPLEX; DNA-DAMAGE; LUNG-CANCER; CYTOPLASMIC LOCALIZATION; INDUCED PHOSPHORYLATION; NUCLEAR ACCUMULATION; MEDIATED DEGRADATION; PROTEASOMAL TURNOVER; BREAST-CANCER; P21(CIP1) AB Background: Scythe/BAT3 is a member of the BAG protein family whose role in apoptosis has been extensively studied. However, since the developmental defects observed in Bat3-null mouse embryos cannot be explained solely by defects in apoptosis, we investigated whether BAT3 is also involved in cell-cycle progression. Methods/Principal Findings: Using a stable-inducible Bat3-knockdown cellular system, we demonstrated that reduced BAT3 protein level causes a delay in both G1/S transition and G2/M progression. Concurrent with these changes in cell-cycle progression, we observed a reduction in the turnover and phosphorylation of the CDK inhibitor p21, which is best known as an inhibitor of DNA replication; however, phosphorylated p21 has also been shown to promote G2/M progression. Our findings indicate that in Bat3-knockdown cells, p21 continues to be synthesized during cell-cycle phases that do not normally require p21, resulting in p21 protein accumulation and a subsequent delay in cell-cycle progression. Finally, we showed that BAT3 co-localizes with p21 during the cell cycle and is required for the translocation of p21 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus during the G1/S transition and G2/M progression. Conclusion:: Our study reveals a novel, non-apoptotic role for BAT3 in cell-cycle regulation. By maintaining a low p21 protein level during the G1/S transition, BAT3 counteracts the inhibitory effect of p21 on DNA replication and thus enables the cells to progress from G1 to S phase. Conversely, during G2/M progression, BAT3 facilitates p21 phosphorylation by cyclin A/Cdk2, an event required for G2/M progression. BAT3 modulates these pro- and anti-proliferative roles of p21 at least in part by regulating cyclin A abundance, as well as p21 translocation between the cytoplasm and the nucleus to ensure that it functions in the appropriate intracellular compartment during each phase of the cell cycle. C1 [Yong, Sheila T.; Wang, Xiao-Fan] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Canc Biol, Durham, NC USA. RP Yong, ST (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Inositol Signaling Grp, Lab Signal Transduct, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM xiao.fan.wang@duke.edu FU National Institutes of Health [CA123250, GM83000] FX This study was supported by National Institutes of Health CA123250 and GM83000 to XFW. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 27 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e38085 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0038085 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 966GL UT WOS:000305825800008 PM 22761665 ER PT J AU Brown, GH Brooks, MC Wood, AL Annable, MD Huang, JQ AF Brown, Gordon H. Brooks, Michael C. Wood, A. Lynn Annable, Michael D. Huang, Junqi TI Aquitard contaminant storage and flux resulting from dense nonaqueous phase liquid source zone dissolution and remediation SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNAPL SOURCE ZONES; SOURCE STRENGTH FUNCTIONS; PARTIAL MASS DEPLETION; BACK-DIFFUSION; PLUME PERSISTENCE; POROUS-MEDIA; REMOVAL; IMPACTS; REDUCTION; PROFILES AB A one-dimensional diffusion model was used to investigate the effects of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zone dissolution and remediation on the storage and release of contaminants from aquitards. Source zone dissolution was represented by a power law source depletion model, which served as a time variable boundary condition to the diffusion equation used to describe mass transport in the aquitard. Two key variables were used to assess source zone dissolution behavior on aquitard mass storage and release: the power law exponential term G, which reflects the influence of the source zone architecture, and a new variable defined herein as the source to aquitard mass transfer coefficient beta, which reflects the influences of both the source characteristics and the aquitard media properties. As G increased or as beta increased because of more rapid source dissolution, the aquitard concentrations, depth of penetration, and long-term back-diffusion flux decreased. However, when beta increased because of increased sorption, concentrations and back diffusion increased but penetration decreased. The duration of aquitard mass loading was found to be significantly less than the duration of mass release. Moreover, the mass per unit area stored in the aquitard was 3 or more orders of magnitude less than the initial DNAPL source zone mass per unit area, and the back diffusion flux from the aquitard was typically 4 or more orders of magnitude less than the initial source zone flux. Additionally, the effects of partial source zone remediation were investigated, and the results suggest that source remediation can have a favorable effect on long-term back-diffusion risk. C1 [Brown, Gordon H.; Annable, Michael D.] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Interdisciplinary Program Hydrol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Brooks, Michael C.; Wood, A. Lynn; Huang, Junqi] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK USA. RP Brown, GH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Interdisciplinary Program Hydrol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM ghbrown@ufl.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) FX The work upon which this paper is based was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development with funding provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), a collaborative effort involving the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD). It has not been subjected to agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. The authors are grateful to Martha A. Williams of SRA for assistance provided with the graphics. Comments from Tissa H. Illangasekare and three anonymous reviewers were appreciated and were used to improve the manuscript. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUN 26 PY 2012 VL 48 AR W06531 DI 10.1029/2011WR011141 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 968QX UT WOS:000306000600002 ER PT J AU Gomez-Alvarez, V Revetta, RP Domingo, JWS AF Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente Revetta, Randy P. Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Metagenome analyses of corroded concrete wastewater pipe biofilms reveal a complex microbial system SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SULFUR-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION; HEAVY-METAL RESISTANCE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; SEWER SYSTEMS; GENOME SIZE; SOXB GENE; PHYLOGENY; OXIDATION AB Background: Concrete corrosion of wastewater collection systems is a significant cause of deterioration and premature collapse. Failure to adequately address the deteriorating infrastructure networks threatens our environment, public health, and safety. Analysis of whole-metagenome pyrosequencing data and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries was used to determine microbial composition and functional genes associated with biomass harvested from crown (top) and invert (bottom) sections of a corroded wastewater pipe. Results: Taxonomic and functional analysis demonstrated that approximately 90% of the total diversity was associated with the phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The top (TP) and bottom pipe (BP) communities were different in composition, with some of the differences attributed to the abundance of sulfide-oxidizing and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Additionally, human fecal bacteria were more abundant in the BP communities. Among the functional categories, proteins involved in sulfur and nitrogen metabolism showed the most significant differences between biofilms. There was also an enrichment of genes associated with heavy metal resistance, virulence (protein secretion systems) and stress response in the TP biofilm, while a higher number of genes related to motility and chemotaxis were identified in the BP biofilm. Both biofilms contain a high number of genes associated with resistance to antibiotics and toxic compounds subsystems. Conclusions: The function potential of wastewater biofilms was highly diverse with level of COG diversity similar to that described for soil. On the basis of the metagenomic data, some factors that may contribute to niche differentiation were pH, aerobic conditions and availability of substrate, such as nitrogen and sulfur. The results from this study will help us better understand the genetic network and functional capability of microbial members of wastewater concrete biofilms. C1 [Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente; Revetta, Randy P.; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Santodomingo.Jorge@epa.gov NR 72 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 9 U2 99 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD JUN 22 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 122 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-12-122 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 985AR UT WOS:000307236000001 PM 22727216 ER PT J AU Rea, AW Davis, C Evans, DA Heninger, BT Van Houtven, G AF Rea, Anne W. Davis, Christine Evans, David A. Heninger, Brian T. Van Houtven, George TI Using Ecosystem Services To Inform Decisions on U.S. Air Quality Standards SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACID DEPOSITION; NEW-YORK; MODEL; ADIRONDACK; CHEMISTRY; WATER; SOIL AB The ecosystem services (ES) framework provides a link between changes in a natural system's structure and function and public welfare. This systematic integration of ecology and economics allows for more consistency and transparency in environmental decision making by enabling valuation of nature's goods and services in a manner that is understood by the public. This policy analysis (1) assesses the utility of the ES conceptual framework in the context of setting a secondary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS), (2) describes how economic valuation was used to summarize changes in ES affected by NOx and SOx in the review, and (3) uses the secondary NOxSOx NAAQS review as a case study to highlight the advantages and challenges of quantifying air pollutant effects on ES in a decision making context. Using an ES framework can benefit the decision making process by accounting for environmental, ecological, and social elements in a holistic manner. As formal quantitative linkages are developed between ecosystem structure and function and ES, this framework allow for a clearer, more transparent link will increasingly between changes in air quality and public welfare. C1 [Rea, Anne W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Davis, Christine] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Evans, David A.; Heninger, Brian T.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Van Houtven, George] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Rea, AW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, MD-305-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rea.anne@epa.gov NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 12 BP 6481 EP 6488 DI 10.1021/es3003876 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 959OA UT WOS:000305320900009 PM 22594541 ER PT J AU Oakes, M Ingall, ED Lai, B Shafer, MM Hays, MD Liu, ZG Russell, AG Weber, RJ AF Oakes, M. Ingall, E. D. Lai, B. Shafer, M. M. Hays, M. D. Liu, Z. G. Russell, A. G. Weber, R. J. TI Iron Solubility Related to Particle Sulfur Content in Source Emission and Ambient Fine Particles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE MATTER; MINERAL DUST; ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES; AEROSOL RESEARCH; DIESEL EXHAUST; AIR-POLLUTION; SPECIATION; METALS; MASS; GENERATION AB The chemical factors influencing iron solubility (soluble iron/total iron) were investigated in source emission (e.g., biomass burning, coal fly ash, mineral dust, and mobile exhaust) and ambient (Atlanta, GA) fine particles (PM2.5). Chemical properties (speciation and mixing state) of iron-containing particles were characterized using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and micro-X-ray fluorescence measurements. Bulk iron solubility (soluble iron/total iron) of the samples was quantified by leaching experiments. Major differences were observed in iron solubility in source emission samples, ranging from low solubility (<1%, mineral dust and coal fly ash) up to 75% (mobile exhaust and biomass burning emissions). Differences in iron solubility did not correspond to silicon content or Fe(II) content. However, source emission and ambient samples with high iron solubility corresponded to the sulfur content observed in single particles. A similar correspondence between bulk iron solubility and bulk sulfate content in a series of Atlanta PM2.5 fine particle samples (N = 358) further supported this trend. In addition, results of linear combination fitting experiments show the presence of iron sulfates in several high iron solubility source emission and ambient PM2.5 samples. These results suggest that the sulfate content (related to the presence of iron sulfates and/or acid-processing mechanisms by H2SO4) of iron-containing particles is an important proxy for iron solubility. C1 [Oakes, M.; Ingall, E. D.; Weber, R. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Lai, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Shafer, M. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Hays, M. D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Liu, Z. G.] Cummins Emiss Solut, Stoughton, WI USA. [Russell, A. G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Oakes, M (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM oakes.michelle@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013; Ingall, Ellery/A-5447-2008 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660; Ingall, Ellery/0000-0003-1954-0317 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [ATM-0802237, OCE 1060884]; Environmental Protection Agency STAR Research Grant [RD-83283501]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Financial support was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation through grants ATM-0802237 and OCE 1060884 and the Environmental Protection Agency STAR Research Grant RD-83283501. The views expressed in this manuscript are solely those of the authors and EPA does not endorse any of the products or commercial services mentioned in the publication. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We also thank John Jansen at Southern Co. and Bill Preston at the EPA for providing the source emission samples for this study. In addition, we gratefully thank Eric S. Edgerton for providing archived ambient samples and SEARCH data. Finally, we would like to thank the fireman at Fire Station 8 in Atlanta, GA, for providing preliminary test samples of diesel exhaust which proved the feasibility of this research. NR 48 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 5 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 12 BP 6637 EP 6644 DI 10.1021/es300701c PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 959OA UT WOS:000305320900027 PM 22621615 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Chen, GX Su, CM AF Liu, Xuyang Chen, Gexin Su, Chunming TI Influence of Collector Surface Composition and Water Chemistry on the Deposition of Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles: QCM-D and Column Experiment Approaches SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; COATED SILICA SURFACES; OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; CEO2 NANOPARTICLES; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS; AGGREGATION KINETICS; COLLOID RETENTION; HUMIC-ACID; TRANSPORT AB The deposition behavior of cerium dioxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in dilute NaCl solutions was investigated as a function of collector surface composition, pH, ionic strength, and organic matter (OM). Sensors coated separately with silica, iron oxide, and alumina were applied in quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) to examine the effect of these mineral phases on CeO2 deposition in NaCl solution (1-200 mM). Frequency and dissipation shift followed the order: silica > iron oxide > alumina in 10 mM NaCl at pH 4.0. No significant deposition was observed at pH 6.0 and 8.5 on any of the tested sensors. However, >= 94.3% of CeO2 NPs deposited onto Ottawa sand in columns in 10 mM NaCl at pH 6.0 and 8.5. The inconsistency in the different experimental approaches can be mainly attributed to NP aggregation, surface heterogeneity of Ottawa sand, and flow geometry. In QCM-D experiments, the deposition kinetics was found to be qualitatively consistent with the predictions based on the classical colloidal stability theory. The presence of low levels (1-6 mg/L) of Suwannee River humic acid, fulvic acid, alginate, citric acid, and carboxymethyl cellulose greatly enhanced the stability and mobility of CeO2 NPs in 1 mM NaCl at pH 6.5. The poor correlation between the transport behavior and electrophoretic mobility of CeO2 NPs implies that the electrosteric effect of OM was involved. C1 [Liu, Xuyang; Chen, Gexin] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Su, Chunming] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM liu.xuyang@epa.gov; chunming@epa.gov RI Chen, Gexin/A-9774-2010; Liu, Xuyang/F-3373-2011 FU National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) FX This study was funded by the National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA). It has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review, and therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 49 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 9 U2 92 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 12 BP 6681 EP 6688 DI 10.1021/es300883q PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 959OA UT WOS:000305320900032 PM 22621432 ER PT J AU Salam, DA Suidan, MT Venosa, AD AF Salam, Darine A. Suidan, Makram T. Venosa, Albert D. TI Effect of Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the Aerobic Biodegradation of a Model Vegetable Oil in Aquatic Media SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTRA; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION; DIETARY LIPIDS; SUNFLOWER OIL; EDIBLE OILS; TOXICITY; SPILLS; ACIDS; CONSEQUENCES AB Antioxidants added to vegetable oils to prevent lipid oxidation significantly affect their biodegradation in impacted aquatic environments. In this study, the effect of butylated-hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the biodegradation of glyceryl trilinoleate, a model vegetable oil highly susceptible to autoxidation, was determined. Biodegradation experiments were conducted in respirometric microcosms at an oil loading of 333 gal acre(-1) (0.31 L m(-2)) and BHT concentrations ranging from 0 to 800 mg kg(-1) (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg(-1)). Competition between polymerization and biodegradation of the oil was observed at all BHT concentrations and was significant in the microcosms not supplemented with the antioxidant. In all microcosms, intractable rigid polymers unavailable for bacterial degradation were formed. Infrared analysis evidenced the advanced stages of the oil autoxidation. After 19 weeks of incubation, only about 41% of the oil was mineralized in the microcosms with no BHT. However, mineralization exceeded 67% in the microcosms with added antioxidant and did not significantly increase with increasing BHT concentrations. Biodegradation rate constants were calculated by nonlinear regression and were not significantly different in the microcosms with added BHT (k = 0.001 h(-1)). Higher k values were measured in the microcosms lacking the antioxidant (k = 0.0023 h-1), most likely due to the increased oxygen consumption associated with the autoxidation process in this case. No toxicity was detected in all biotic microcosms at the end of the incubation period, while high toxicity (EC50 = 4.78%) was measured in the abiotic blanks with no antioxidant and was attributed to the accumulation of autoxidation products. C1 [Salam, Darine A.; Suidan, Makram T.] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fac Engn & Architecture, Beirut, Lebanon. [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Suidan, MT (reprint author), Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fac Engn & Architecture, POB 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon. EM msuidan@aub.edu.lb FU National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the US Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was funded by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 12 BP 6798 EP 6805 DI 10.1021/es2046712 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 959OA UT WOS:000305320900046 PM 22680298 ER PT J AU Jugessur, A Skare, O Lie, RT Wilcox, AJ Christensen, K Christiansen, L Nguyen, TT Murray, JC Gjessing, HK AF Jugessur, Astanand Skare, Oivind Lie, Rolv T. Wilcox, Allen J. Christensen, Kaare Christiansen, Lene Truc Trung Nguyen Murray, Jeffrey C. Gjessing, Hakon K. TI X-Linked Genes and Risk of Orofacial Clefts: Evidence from Two Population-Based Studies in Scandinavia SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CASE-PARENT TRIADS; FAMILY-BASED ASSOCIATION; ORAL CLEFTS; TRANSMISSION/DISEQUILIBRIUM TEST; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; MENTAL-RETARDATION; LIP/CLEFT PALATE; TBX22 MUTATIONS; FREQUENT CAUSE; LINKAGE AB Background: Orofacial clefts are common birth defects of complex etiology, with an excess of males among babies with cleft lip and palate, and an excess of females among those with cleft palate only. Although genes on the X chromosome have been implicated in clefting, there has been no association analysis of X-linked markers. Methodology/Principal Findings: We added new functionalities in the HAPLIN statistical software to enable association analysis of X-linked markers and an exploration of various causal scenarios relevant to orofacial clefts. Genotypes for 48 SNPs in 18 candidate genes on the X chromosome were analyzed in two population-based samples from Scandinavia (562 Norwegian and 235 Danish case-parent triads). For haplotype analysis, we used a sliding-window approach and assessed isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (iCL/P) separately from isolated cleft palate only (iCPO). We tested three statistical models in HAPLIN, allowing for: i) the same relative risk in males and females, ii) sex-specific relative risks, and iii) X-inactivation in females. We found weak but consistent associations with the oral-facial-digital syndrome 1 (OFD1) gene (formerly known as CXORF5) in the Danish iCL/P samples across all models, but not in the Norwegian iCL/P samples. In sex-specific analyses, the association with OFD1 was in male cases only. No analyses showed associations with iCPO in either the Norwegian or the Danish sample. Conclusions: The association of OFD1 with iCL/P is plausible given the biological relevance of this gene. However, the lack of replication in the Norwegian samples highlights the need to verify these preliminary findings in other large datasets. More generally, the novel analytic methods presented here are widely applicable to investigations of the role of X-linked genes in complex traits. C1 [Jugessur, Astanand; Skare, Oivind; Gjessing, Hakon K.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway. [Jugessur, Astanand] Royal Childrens Hosp, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Skare, Oivind; Lie, Rolv T.; Gjessing, Hakon K.] Univ Bergen, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Hlth Care, Bergen, Norway. [Lie, Rolv T.; Truc Trung Nguyen] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Med Birth Registry Norway, Bergen, Norway. [Wilcox, Allen J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Durham, NC USA. [Christensen, Kaare; Christiansen, Lene] Univ So Denmark, Dept Epidemiol, Odense, Denmark. [Christensen, Kaare] Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem & Pharmacol, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark. [Christensen, Kaare] Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Genet, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark. [Murray, Jeffrey C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Murray, Jeffrey C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Murray, Jeffrey C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Biol Sci, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Jugessur, A (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway. EM astanand.jugessur@fhi.no RI Gjessing, Hakon/A-5871-2012; Skare, Oivind/C-6330-2016; OI Skare, Oivind/0000-0001-8043-2820; Wilcox, Allen/0000-0002-3376-1311 FU Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR); National Institutes of Health (NIH) [N01-HG-65403, DE08559, P60 DE13076, NIH P30 ES05605, RO1 DE-11948-04]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Norwegian Research Council [NFR 177522] FX Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR) is fully funded through a federal contract from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to The Johns Hopkins University, Contract Number N01-HG-65403. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; by NIH grants DE08559, P60 DE13076, NIH P30 ES05605, and RO1 DE-11948-04; and by the Norwegian Research Council (NFR 177522). The authors also thank the United States National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research for underwriting a significant proportion of the genotyping costs by CIDR. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 19 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 6 AR e39240 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039240 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 963VI UT WOS:000305652700057 PM 22723972 ER PT J AU Bergman, A Heindel, J Jobling, S Kidd, K Zoeller, RT AF Bergman, Ake Heindel, Jerrold Jobling, Susan Kidd, Karen Zoeller, R. Thomas TI State-of-the-science of endocrine disrupting chemicals, 2012 SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 48th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) CY JUN 17-20, 2012 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN SP European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), Molnlycke Hlth Care, Ferring Pharmaceut, AstraZeneca, Agilent Technol C1 [Bergman, Ake] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm, Sweden. [Heindel, Jerrold] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Cellular Organs & Syst Pathobiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Jobling, Susan] Brunel Univ, London, England. [Kidd, Karen] Univ New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. [Zoeller, R. Thomas] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. OI Bergman, Ake/0000-0003-3403-093X NR 0 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 11 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2012 VL 211 SU S BP S3 EP S3 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.020 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 957PB UT WOS:000305173900005 ER PT J AU Gray, LE AF Gray, Leon Earl, Jr. TI ER, AR, steriodogenic and AhR pathway disruption-Case studies and dose response SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 48th Congress of the European-Societies-of-Toxicology (EUROTOX) CY JUN 17-20, 2012 CL Stockholm, SWEDEN SP European Soc Toxicol (EUROTOX), Molnlycke Hlth Care, Ferring Pharmaceut, AstraZeneca, Agilent Technol C1 [Gray, Leon Earl, Jr.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 2012 VL 211 SU S BP S21 EP S21 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.095 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 957PB UT WOS:000305173900066 ER PT J AU Salih, HH Patterson, CL Sorial, GA Sinha, R Krishnan, R AF Salih, Hafiz H. Patterson, Craig L. Sorial, George A. Sinha, Rajib Krishnan, Radha TI The implication of iron oxide nanoparticles on the removal of trichloroethylene by adsorption SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GAC; Adsorption; Nanoparticles; Fe2O3 NPs; Trichloroethylene; TCE ID GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; SIO2 NANOPARTICLES; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; PORE-SIZE; WATER; GROUNDWATER; IMPACT AB The fate and transport of Fe2O3 NPs in a granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorber and its impact on the removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) by GAC was investigated. The hydrodynamic diameter of Fe2O3 NPs was measured with time to evaluate their aggregation potential. Specific surface area (SSA) and zeta potential were obtained for Fe2O3 NPs and GAC in order to understand their interaction. The impact of Fe2O3 NPs on TCE adsorption was tested by conducting TCE adsorption isotherms, kinetics and column breakthrough studies in the presence and absence of Fe2O3 NPs. SSA and pore size distribution of the fresh and the spent GAC were obtained. The fate and transport of the Fe2O3 NPs in the GAC fixed bed and their impact on TCE adsorption was found to be a function of their zeta potential, concentration, and size. Fe2O3 NPs formed larger aggregates in water. These aggregates attached to GAC and reduced the amount of TCE adsorbed during the breakthrough experiments suggesting a preloading pore blockage phenomenon. Pore blockage and SSA reduction occured on the used GAC. However, due to the fast adsorption kinetics of ICE no effect of Fe2O3 NPs was observed in the isotherm and the kinetic studies. TCE adsorption onto the Fe2O3 NPs was found to take place over a short period of time. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Salih, Hafiz H.; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Patterson, Craig L.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Sinha, Rajib; Krishnan, Radha] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Environm Engn Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM salihhh@email.uc.edu; Patterson.Craig@epa.gov; george.sorial@uc.edu; Rajib.Sinha@Shawgrp.com; Radha.Krishnan@Shawgrp.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) [EP-C-04-034, 2-03]; US Environmental Protection Agency [CR-8 3454201]; University of Cincinnati [CR-8 3454201] FX This work was partially supported under Contract No. EP-C-04-034 - Work Assignment No. 2-03 from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) to Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. and by the Cooperative Agreement CR-8 3454201 between the US Environmental Protection Agency and the University of Cincinnati. The research has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 EI 1873-3212 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 193 BP 422 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2012.03.040 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 980ZS UT WOS:000306933500049 ER PT J AU Zehraoui, A Hassan, AA Sorial, GA AF Zehraoui, Abderrahman Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sorial, George A. TI Effect of methanol on the biofiltration of n-hexane SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Biofiltration; n-Hexane; Methanol; Trickle-bed-air-biofilters (TBABs); VOCs ID BED AIR BIOFILTER; 2-PHASE PARTITIONING BIOREACTOR; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TREATING DIMETHYL SULFIDE; VAPOR-PHASE BIOREACTOR; INORGANIC BIOFILTERS; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; GASEOUS HEXANE; REMOVAL AB This study investigated the removal of recalcitrant compounds in the presence of a hydrophilic compound. n-Hexane is used as a model compound to represent hydrophobic compounds. Methanol has been introduced in mixture with n-hexane in order to increase the bioavailability of n-hexane in trickle-bed-air-biofilters (TBABs). The mixing ratios investigated were: 70% methanol:30% n-hexane, and 80% methanol:20% n-hexane by volume. n-Hexane loading rates (LRs) ranged from 0.9 to 13.2 g m(-3) h(-1). Methanol LRs varied from 4.6 to 64.5 g m(-3) h(-1) and from 2.3 to 45.2 g m(-3) h(-1) depending upon the mixing ratio used. Biofilter performance, effect of mixing ratios of methanol to n-hexane, removal profile along biofilter depth, COD/nitrogen consumption and CO2 production were studied under continuous loading operation conditions. Results have shown that the degradation of n-hexane is significantly enhanced by the presence of methanol for n-hexane LRs less than 13.2 g m(-3) h(-1). For n-hexane LR greater than 13.2 g m(-3) h(-1), even though methanol had impacted n-hexane biodegradation, its removal efficiency was higher than our previous study for biodegradation of n-hexane alone, in presence of surfactant, or in presence of benzene. On the other hand, the degradation of methanol was not impacted by the presence of n-hexane. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zehraoui, Abderrahman; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci,Engn Res Ctr 701, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci,Engn Res Ctr 701, 2624 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM zehraoan@mail.uc.edu; hassan.ashraf@epa.gov; george.sorial@uc.edu FU National Science Foundation [CBET 0852803] FX The authors would like to thank the financial support from National Science Foundation under award # CBET 0852803. The finding and conclusions expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors and do not necessary reflect the views of the Foundation. NR 52 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 219 BP 176 EP 182 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.075 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 953SN UT WOS:000304893600024 PM 22516522 ER PT J AU Christensen, K Carr, C Sanyal, A Gennings, C AF Christensen, K. Carr, C. Sanyal, A. Gennings, C. TI METHOD TO ASSESS MULTIPLE CLASSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS AND LIVER DISEASE: NHANES 2003-2006. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Christensen, K.; Carr, C.; Sanyal, A.; Gennings, C.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S18 EP S18 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400069 ER PT J AU Jagai, JS Messer, LC Rappazzo, K Lobdell, DT AF Jagai, J. S. Messer, L. C. Rappazzo, K. Lobdell, D. T. TI ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND INFANT MORTALITY. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Jagai, J. S.; Messer, L. C.; Rappazzo, K.; Lobdell, D. T.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S10 EP S10 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400039 ER PT J AU Messer, LC Quinlivan, EB Parnell, H Roytburd, K AF Messer, L. C. Quinlivan, E. B. Parnell, H. Roytburd, K. TI SOCIAL NETWORKS OF HIV-POSITIVE WOMEN OF COLOR, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MEDICATION ADHERENCE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Messer, L. C.; Quinlivan, E. B.; Parnell, H.; Roytburd, K.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400336 ER PT J AU Messer, LC Quinlivan, EB Parnell, H Roytburd, K Westreich, D AF Messer, L. C. Quinlivan, E. B. Parnell, H. Roytburd, K. Westreich, D. TI CHILDHOOD TRAUMA AND THE STRUCTURE OF BEHAVIORAL SEQUELAE AMONG HIV-INFECTED WOMEN OF COLOR. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Messer, L. C.; Quinlivan, E. B.; Parnell, H.; Roytburd, K.; Westreich, D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S12 EP S12 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400047 ER PT J AU Vinikoor-Imler, LC Davis, JA Luben, TJ AF Vinikoor-Imler, L. C. Davis, J. A. Luben, T. J. TI STATE-WIDE BIRTH COHORT STUDY OF MEASURED AND MODELED AIR POLLUTION AND FETAL GROWTH. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Epidemiologic-Research (SER) CY JUN 27-30, 2012 CL Minneapolis, MN SP Soc Epidemiol Res (SER) C1 [Vinikoor-Imler, L. C.; Davis, J. A.; Luben, T. J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 175 SU 11 BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 197ED UT WOS:000322831400136 ER PT J AU Ankley, GT Cavallin, JE Durhan, EJ Jensen, KM Kahl, MD Makynen, EA Thomas, LM Wehmas, LC Villeneuve, DL AF Ankley, Gerald T. Cavallin, Jenna E. Durhan, Elizabeth J. Jensen, Kathleen M. Kahl, Michael D. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Thomas, Linnea M. Wehmas, Leah C. Villeneuve, Daniel L. TI A time-course analysis of effects of the steroidogenesis inhibitor ketoconazole on components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of fathead minnows SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Steroid synthesis; Fungicide; Toxicity; Mechanisms; Fish ID 3-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE INHIBITOR; STEROID-BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ERGOSTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS; MALE-RAT; MICONAZOLE; EXPRESSION; CHEMICALS; BIOLOGY; PROTEIN AB The objective of this study was to evaluate temporal effects of the model steroidogenesis inhibitor ketoconazole (KTC) on aspects of reproductive endocrine function controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Ketoconazole inhibits the activity of two cytochrome P450s (CYPs) key to sex steroid production in vertebrates, CYP11a (cholesterol side chain cleavage) and CYP17 (c17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase), Sexually mature fish were exposed to water-borne KTC (30 or 300 mu g/L) in a flow-through system for up to 8 d, following which animals were allowed to recover in clean water. Fish were sampled after 1,4 and 8 d of exposure, and after 1,8 and 16 d of recovery. A shorter-term time-course experiment also was conducted in which females were sampled on seven occasions during a 12 h KTC exposure. Ketoconazole consistently depressed ex vivo gonadal synthesis of testosterone (T) in both sexes, and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in females during both exposure and recovery phases of the time-course studies. Effects on ex vivo steroidogenesis in females occurred within as little as 1 h of exposure. Plasma concentrations of T in males and E2 in females also were depressed by exposure to KTC, but these decreases did not persist to the same degree as observed for the ex vivo effects. In females, after decreases within 12 h, plasma E2 concentrations were similar to (or greater than) controls at 24 h of exposure, while in males, plasma T returned to levels comparable to controls within 1 d of cessation of KTC exposure. The discrepancy between the ex vivo and in vivo data at later stages in the test is consistent with some type of compensatory response to KTC in fish. However, we were unable to ascertain the mechanistic basis for such a response. For example, although a number of genes related to steroid synthesis (e.g., cyp11a, cyp17) were up-regulated in the gonads of both males and females during the exposure and early recovery phases of the experiment, this did not seem to account for the resurgence in plasma steroid concentrations in KTC-exposed fish. Further studies focused on metabolism and clearance of steroids might lend insights as to the effects of KTC on plasma steroid concentrations. Overall, our results demonstrate the complex, temporally dynamic nature of the vertebrate HPG system in response to chemical stressors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ankley, Gerald T.; Cavallin, Jenna E.; Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Kahl, Michael D.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Thomas, Linnea M.; Wehmas, Leah C.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM Ankley.Gerald@epamail.epa.gov NR 34 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD JUN 15 PY 2012 VL 114 BP 88 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.02.012 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 937FF UT WOS:000303643700011 PM 22417765 ER PT J AU Pelaez, M Falaras, P Kontos, AG de la Cruz, AA O'shea, K Dunlop, PSM Byrne, JA Dionysiou, DD AF Pelaez, Miguel Falaras, Polycarpos Kontos, Athanassios G. de la Cruz, Armah A. O'shea, Kevin Dunlop, Patrick S. M. Byrne, J. Anthony Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI A comparative study on the removal of cylindrospermopsin and microcystins from water with NF-TiO2-P25 composite films with visible and UV-vis light photocatalytic activity SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen doping; Fluorine doping; P25; TiO2; Photocatalysis; Photocatalytic; Cylindrospermopsin; Microcystins; Visible; UV-vis; Water treatment ID NITROGEN-DOPED TIO2; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; CYANOTOXIN CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN; DEGRADATION; LR; CYANOBACTERIA; CHLORINE; TOXINS; PERMANGANATE; CONTAMINANTS AB In this investigation, in order to develop photocatalyst materials with improved photo-efficiency and visible light response compared to the state of the art materials, the role of Evonik Aeroxide (R) P25-TiO2 (P25) nanoparticles incorporated in a modified sol-gel process to yield composite nitrogen and fluorine doped TiO2-P25 (NF-TiO2-P25) films was investigated. The addition of P25 nanoparticles in the sol leads to higher BET surface area, pore volume, porosity and total TiO2 mass, as well as larger thickness and roughness of the films after heat treatment. Microscopy techniques confirmed partial sintering of NF-TiO2 sol-gel formed and P25 nanoparticles having different average size. The existence of well defined regions of only anatase from NF-TiO2 and anatase-rutile mix from P25 was verified in the micro-Raman spectra. The photocatalytic degradation of four microcystins (microcystin-LR, -RR, -LA and -YR) and cylindrospermopsin was evaluated with NF-TiO2 and NF-TiO2-P25 films under visible and UV-vis light. The general reactivity for the microcystins under acidic conditions (pH 3.0) was: MC-LA > MC-LR >= MC-YR > MC-RR where the highest initial degradation rate was achieved with the NF-TiO2-P25 films (5 g L-1 of P25 in sol when irradiated with visible light and 15 g L-1 of P25 in sol when irradiated with UV-vis light). Cylindrospermopsin showed negligible adsorption at pH 3.0 for all films. Nevertheless, significant photocatalytic removal was found under UV-vis light with maximum P25 loaded films indicating that the degradation was mediated by the involvement of photogenerated reactive oxygen species and not by the trapping reaction of the positive hole. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pelaez, Miguel; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Falaras, Polycarpos; Kontos, Athanassios G.] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Phys Chem, Attiki 15310, Greece. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [O'shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL USA. [Dunlop, Patrick S. M.; Byrne, J. Anthony] Univ Ulster, Sch Engn, Nanotechnol & Integrated BioEngn Ctr, Coleraine BT37 0QB, Londonderry, North Ireland. RP Dionysiou, DD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu RI Dunlop, Patrick/C-6970-2008 OI Dunlop, Patrick/0000-0002-0902-0847 FU NSF Collaborative Research (US-Ireland) [CBET-1033317]; Department of Employment and Learning, Northern Ireland; European Commission (Clean Water) [227017]; Research DG of the European Commission within the joint RTD activities of the Environment and NMP Thematic Priorities/FP7 FX This work was funded by a NSF Collaborative Research (US-Ireland) (number CBET-1033317), co-funded by the Department of Employment and Learning, Northern Ireland; and the European Commission (Clean Water - Grant Agreement number 227017). Clean Water is a Collaborative Project co-funded by the Research DG of the European Commission within the joint RTD activities of the Environment and NMP Thematic Priorities/FP7. Helpful discussions with Dr. Vlassis Likodimos are also acknowledged. NR 48 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 7 U2 120 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD JUN 13 PY 2012 VL 121 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.03.010 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 961XG UT WOS:000305502200004 ER PT J AU Fournie, JW Vivian, DN Yee, SH Courtney, LA Barron, MG AF Fournie, John W. Vivian, Deborah N. Yee, Susan H. Courtney, Lee A. Barron, Mace G. TI Comparative sensitivity of six scleractinian corals to temperature and solar radiation SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Corals; Bleaching; Temperature; Solar radiation ID REEF CORALS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; SIDERASTREA-RADIANS; THERMAL-STRESS; RESILIENCE; MORTALITY; INCREASES; PATTERNS; EXPOSURE AB Scleractinian corals were exposed to 6 combinations of temperature and solar radiation to evaluate effects on coral bleaching, survival, and tissue surface area changes during and after exposure. A recirculating coral exposure system was coupled to a solar simulator to allow laboratory testing of 6 species of Caribbean corals (Diploria clivosa, Montastraea faveolata, Porites divaricata, Stephanocoenia intersepta, Siderastrea radians, and Siderastrea siderea). Significant bleaching occurred in all of the corals exposed to high irradiance except S. siderea. Elevated light levels resulted in a decrease in photochemical efficiency for all species during the exposure period, with S. siderea showing the smallest decrease. The most prominent reductions in photochemical efficiency occurred in M. faveolata and S. intersepta, and these species exhibited extensive tissue loss and the highest mortality. In contrast to high irradiance, high temperatures significantly decreased photochemical efficiency for only D. clivosa and did not lead to severe tissue loss for this species. These results demonstrate species-specific responses to solar radiation and temperatures, with M. faveolata and S. intersepta being the most susceptible to bleaching due to high irradiance. C1 [Fournie, John W.; Vivian, Deborah N.; Yee, Susan H.; Courtney, Lee A.; Barron, Mace G.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Fournie, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM fournie.john@epa.gov FU USA Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank L. MacLaughlin at the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and D. Santavy at the Gulf Ecology Division for coral collection (Permit #FKNMS-2004-001). The information in this document has been funded wholly by the USA Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is contribution number 1435 from the Gulf Ecology Division. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 50 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD JUN 13 PY 2012 VL 99 IS 2 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.3354/dao02459 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA 957UG UT WOS:000305188900001 PM 22691977 ER PT J AU Dung, BX Gomi, T Miyata, S Sidle, RC Kosugi, K Onda, Y AF Dung, Bui Xuan Gomi, Takashi Miyata, Shusuke Sidle, Roy C. Kosugi, Kenichiro Onda, Yuichi TI Runoff responses to forest thinning at plot and catchment scales in a headwater catchment draining Japanese cypress forest SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flow duration; Forest thinning; Hydrograph separation; Japanese cypress forest; Runoff responses ID HORTONIAN OVERLAND-FLOW; WATER YIELD; HYDROLOGICAL RESPONSE; STREAMFLOW RESPONSE; EUCALYPTUS-GRANDIS; PINUS-PATULA; EROSION; SOIL; GENERATION; HILLSLOPES AB We examined the effect of forest thinning on runoff generation at plot and catchment scales in headwater basins draining a Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) forest. We removed 58.3% of the stems (corresponding to 43.2% of the basal area) in the treated headwater basin (catchment M5), and left the control catchment (M4) untreated. In both catchments, we monitored overland flow from hillslope plots and stream runoff from catchments at basin outlets over a 2-year pre-thinning period and a 2-year post-thinning period. Paired catchment analysis revealed that annual catchment runoff increased 240.7 mm after thinning. Delayed runoff increased significantly, while quick runoff followed similar patterns in the pre- and post-thinning periods. Flow duration in the ephemeral channel in catchment M5 increased from 56.9% in the pre-thinning period to 73.3% in the post-thinning period. Despite the changes in hydrological responses at the catchment scale, increases in overland flow were not significant. The increased availability of water in the soil matrix, caused by decreased interception loss and evapotranspiration, increased base flow after thinning. Based on the summarized data of previous studies together with this study, the effects of forest thinning on increases in runoff were less than partial harvesting in which the managed areas were concentrated within a watershed. We demonstrated that the effect of forest thinning was strongly scale dependent, an important finding for optimizing water and forest management in forested watersheds. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dung, Bui Xuan] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, United Grad Sch Agr Sci, Fuchu, Tokyo 1838509, Japan. [Gomi, Takashi] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Int Environm & Agr Sci, Fuchu, Tokyo 1838509, Japan. [Miyata, Shusuke] Kyoto Univ, Ujigawa Open Lab, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Fushimi Ku, Kyoto 6128235, Japan. [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kosugi, Kenichiro] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Onda, Yuichi] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058572, Japan. RP Dung, BX (reprint author), Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, United Grad Sch Agr Sci, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 1838509, Japan. EM Buixuandungfuv@gmail.com RI Onda, Yuichi/N-6527-2014; Gomi, Takashi/E-3504-2010 OI Onda, Yuichi/0000-0001-8753-0378; FU Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [20580151]; Foundation of River and Watershed Environment Management FX This study was supported by projects of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) titled "Field and modeling studies on the effect of forest devastation on flooding and environmental issues" and "Development of innovative technologies for increasing watershed runoff and improving river environment by the management of devastated forest plantations." It was also supported by Grant #20580151 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) to T. Gomi. Funding from the Foundation of River and Watershed Environment Management to S. Miyata also supported field work and analysis. Findings from Tokyu Environmental Foundation to T. Gomi supported for developing the manuscript. This document has been reviewed in accordance with U.S Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 69 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUN 11 PY 2012 VL 444 BP 51 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.03.040 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 956RY UT WOS:000305108000005 ER PT J AU Pye, HOT Pouliot, GA AF Pye, Havala O. T. Pouliot, George A. TI Modeling the Role of Alkanes, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, and Their Oligomers in Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; RADICAL-INITIATED REACTIONS; N-ALKANES; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; CYCLIC ALKANES; NOX; PHOTOOXIDATION; EMISSIONS; OXIDATION; NAPHTHALENE AB A computationally efficient method to treat secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from various length and structure alkanes as well as SOA from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is implemented in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to predict aerosol concentrations over the United States. Oxidation of alkanes is predicted to produce more aerosol than oxidation of PAHs driven by relatively higher alkane emissions. SOA from alkanes and PAHs, although small in magnitude, can be a substantial fraction of the SOA from anthropogenic hydrocarbons, particularly in winter, and could contribute more if emission inventories lack intermediate volatility alkanes (>C-13) or if the vehicle fleet shifts toward diesel-powered vehicles. The SOA produced from oxidation of alkanes correlates well with ozone and odd oxygen in many locations, but the lower correlation of anthropogenic oligomers with odd oxygen indicates that models may need additional photochemically dependent pathways to low-volatility SOA. C1 [Pye, Havala O. T.; Pouliot, George A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pye, HOT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pye.havala@epa.gov RI Pye, Havala/F-5392-2012; OI Pye, Havala/0000-0002-2014-2140; Pouliot, George/0000-0003-3406-4814 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors thank CSC for preparing model-ready emissions and meteorology as well as Lynn Russell, Prakash Bhave, Deborah Luecken, Joey Ensberg, Tad Kleindienst, John Offenberg, Michael Lewandowski, and Kristen Foley for discussions. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. This paper has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 7 U2 82 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 5 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 11 BP 6041 EP 6047 DI 10.1021/es300409w PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 952HJ UT WOS:000304783000053 PM 22568386 ER PT J AU Wahman, DG Speitel, GE AF Wahman, David G. Speitel, Gerald E., Jr. TI Relative Importance of Nitrite Oxidation by Hypochlorous Acid under Chloramination Conditions SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REDOX KINETICS; CHLORINATION; SYSTEMS; WATER; DECOMPOSITION; DICHLORAMINE AB Nitrification can occur in water distribution systems where chloramines are used as the disinfectant. The resulting product, nitrite, can be oxidized by monochloramine and hypochlorous acid (HOCl), potentially leading to rapid monochloramine loss. This research characterizes the importance of the HOCl reaction, which has typically been ignored because of HOCl's low concentration. Also, the general acid-assisted rate constants for carbonic acid and bicarbonate ion were estimated for the monochloramine reaction. The nitrite oxidation reactions were incorporated into a widely accepted chloramine autodecomposition model, providing a comprehensive model that was implemented in AQUASIM. Batch kinetic experiments were conducted to evaluate the significance of the HOCl reaction and to estimate carbonate buffer rate constants for the monochloramine reaction. The experimental data and model simulations indicated that HOCl may be responsible for up to 60% of the nitrite oxidation, and that the relative importance of the HOCl reaction for typical chloramination conditions peaks between pH 7.5 and 8.5, generally increasing with (1) decreasing nitrite concentration, (2) increasing chlorine to nitrogen mass ratio, and (3) decreasing monochloramine concentration. Therefore, nitrite's reaction with HOCl may be important during chloramination and should be included in water quality models to simulate nitrite and monochloramine's fate. C1 [Wahman, David G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Speitel, Gerald E., Jr.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Wahman, DG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wahman.david@epa.gov OI Wahman, David/0000-0002-0167-8468 NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 5 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 11 BP 6056 EP 6064 DI 10.1021/es300934x PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 952HJ UT WOS:000304783000055 PM 22571335 ER PT J AU Poynton, HC Lazorchak, JM Impellitteri, CA Blalock, BJ Rogers, K Allen, HJ Loguinov, A Heckrnan, JL Govindasmawy, S AF Poynton, Helen C. Lazorchak, James M. Impellitteri, Christopher A. Blalock, Bonnie J. Rogers, Kim Allen, H. Joel Loguinov, Alexandre Heckrnan, J. Lee Govindasmawy, Shekar TI Toxicogenomic Responses of Nanotoxicity in Daphnia magna Exposed to Silver Nitrate and Coated Silver Nanoparticles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXICITY; ENVIRONMENT; MECHANISM AB Applications for silver nanomaterials in consumer products are rapidly expanding, creating an urgent need for toxicological examination of the exposure potential and ecological effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The integration of genomic techniques into environmental toxicology has presented new avenues to develop exposure biomarkers and investigate the mode of toxicity of novel chemicals. In the present study we used a 15k oligonucleotide microarray for Daphnia magna, a freshwater crustacean and common indicator species for toxicity, to differentiate between particle specific and ionic silver toxicity and to develop exposure biomarkers for citrate-coated and PVP-coated AgNPs. Gene expression profiles revealed that AgNO3 and AgNPs have distinct expression profiles suggesting different modes of toxicity. Major biological processes disrupted by the AgNPs include protein metabolism and signal transduction. In contrast, AgNO3 caused a downregulation of developmental processes, particularly in sensory development. Metal responsive and DNA damage repair genes were induced by the PVP AgNPs, but not the other treatments. In addition, two specific biomarkers were developed for the environmental detection of PVP AgNPs; although further verification under different environmental conditions is needed. C1 [Poynton, Helen C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Lazorchak, James M.; Impellitteri, Christopher A.; Allen, H. Joel] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rogers, Kim] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Loguinov, Alexandre] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA. [Heckrnan, J. Lee; Govindasmawy, Shekar] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Poynton, HC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM Helen.poynton@umb.edu OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX Special thanks to Dr. Chris Vulpe and his laboratory for providing microarray analysis support and Dr. Jennifer Bowen for access to and use of the Agilent Mx3005P QPCR system. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. We thank Drs. Steven Diamond and Adam Biales for their helpful comments and review of this manuscript. We also acknowledge the laboratories of Drs. Amanda Callaghan, Wim de Coen, Youping Deng, Edward Perkins and Hajime Watanabe and Chris Vulpe for their contributions to the Daphnia magna oligonucleotide microarray described here. NR 51 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 8 U2 111 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 5 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 11 BP 6288 EP 6296 DI 10.1021/es3001618 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 952HJ UT WOS:000304783000084 PM 22545559 ER PT J AU Billen, B Spurny, R Brams, M van Elk, R Valera-Kummer, S Yakel, JL Voets, T Bertrand, D Smit, AB Ulens, C AF Billen, Bert Spurny, Radovan Brams, Marijke van Elk, Rene Valera-Kummer, Soledad Yakel, Jerrel L. Voets, Thomas Bertrand, Daniel Smit, August B. Ulens, Chris TI Molecular actions of smoking cessation drugs at alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic receptors defined in crystal structures of a homologous binding protein SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE addiction; cys-loop receptor; ligand-gated ion channel ID GATED ION-CHANNEL; X-RAY-STRUCTURE; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; PARTIAL AGONIST; VARENICLINE; DEPENDENCE; ACTIVATION; RESOLUTION; SUBUNITS AB Partial agonists of the alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), such as varenicline, are therapeutically used in smoking cessation treatment. These drugs derive their therapeutic effect from fundamental molecular actions, which are to desensitize alpha 4 beta 2 nAChRs and induce channel opening with higher affinity, but lower efficacy than a full agonist at equal receptor occupancy. Here, we report X-ray crystal structures of a unique acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP) from the annelid Capitella teleta, Ct-AChBP, in complex with varenicline or lobeline, which are both partial agonists. These structures highlight the architecture for molecular recognition of these ligands, indicating the contact residues that potentially mediate their molecular actions in alpha 4 beta 2 nAChRs. We then used structure-guided mutagenesis and electrophysiological recordings to pinpoint crucial interactions of varenicline with residues on the complementary face of the binding site in alpha 4 beta 2 nAChRs. We observe that residues in loops D and E are molecular determinants of desensitization and channel opening with limited efficacy by the partial agonist varenicline. Together, this study analyzes molecular recognition of smoking cessation drugs by nAChRs in a structural context. C1 [Billen, Bert; Spurny, Radovan; Brams, Marijke; Ulens, Chris] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Struct Neurobiol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. [van Elk, Rene; Smit, August B.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Ctr Neurogen & Cognit Res, Dept Mol & Cellular Neurobiol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Valera-Kummer, Soledad; Bertrand, Daniel] HiQScreen, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Yakel, Jerrel L.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Voets, Thomas] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Ion Channel Res, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. RP Ulens, C (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Struct Neurobiol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. EM chris.ulens@med.kuleuven.be RI Voets, Thomas/E-2466-2012 OI Voets, Thomas/0000-0001-5526-5821 FU KULeuven [OT/08/048]; European Union [HEALTH-F2-2007-202088]; National Institutes of Health FX We thank Jon Lindstrom for alpha 4 beta 2 cDNAs, Ivy Carroll for varenicline hydrochloride, Jan Tytgat for Xenopus oocytes and local contacts at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, and SOLEIL for assistance during data collection. Nathaniel Clark and Ewald Edink contributed to discussion of results. Financial support was from KULeuven OT/08/048 (to C. U.), the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement HEALTH-F2-2007-202088 (to C. U., A. B. S., and D. B.), and Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (J.L.Y.). NR 39 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 5 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 23 BP 9173 EP 9178 DI 10.1073/pnas.1116397109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 955BC UT WOS:000304991100078 PM 22619328 ER PT J AU Solomon, PA AF Solomon, Paul A. TI Introduction: Addressing air pollution and health science questions to inform science and policy SO AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID SPECIAL-ISSUE; OUTCOMES; GAP C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Solomon, PA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM solomon.paul@epa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1873-9318 J9 AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH JI Air Qual. Atmos. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 SI SI BP 149 EP 150 DI 10.1007/s11869-012-0175-6 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015XW UT WOS:000309480700001 ER PT J AU Solomon, PA Gehr, P Bennett, DH Phalen, RF Mendez, LB Rothen-Rutishauser, B Clift, M Brandenberger, C Muhlfeld, C AF Solomon, Paul A. Gehr, Peter Bennett, Deborah H. Phalen, Robert F. Mendez, Loyda B. Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara Clift, Martin Brandenberger, Christina Muehlfeld, Christian TI Macroscopic to microscopic scales of particle dosimetry: from source to fate in the body SO AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Intake fraction; Respiratory tract; Particle deposition; Particle clearance; Translocation; Lungs; Ultrafine particles; Cell particle interaction; Dosimetric modeling ID PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; INSOLUBLE IRIDIUM PARTICLES; TO-EXPOSURE RELATIONSHIPS; INTAKE FRACTION; AIR-POLLUTION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; FINE PARTICLES AB Additional perspective with regards to particle dosimetry is achieved by exploring dosimetry across a range of scales from macroscopic to microscopic in scope. Typically, one thinks of dosimetry as what happens when a particle is inhaled, where it is deposited, and how it is cleared from the body. However, this paper shows a much more complicated picture starting with emissions sources, showing how the source-to-intake fraction (iF) can be used to estimate changes in the inhaled dose due to changes in emissions and then ending with particle-liquid, particle-cellular and subcellular interactions, and movement of ultrafine particles across the lung-blood barrier. These latter issues begin to suggest mechanisms that can lead to adverse health effects; the former can provide guidance to policy decisions designed to reduce the health impact of atmospheric particles. The importance of ultrafine particles, their ability to translocate to other parts of the body, and the potential impact of these particles has advanced significantly over the last decade, including studies that show the movement of ultrafine particles along the olfactory nerves in the nose with direct transport to the brain, the neurological effects of which are still unknown. Incremental advancements continue with regards to understanding particle deposition, including regional and local deposition (including hot spots) and clearance and the factors that affect these variables, in part due to the development and implementation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models and digital imaging of the lungs. CFD modeling will continue to provide new information for reducing uncertainty in dosimetric calculations. We understand better today how a number of diseases may develop based on the fate of particles after deposition in the respiratory track and how changes in source emissions might impact that dose. However, a number of uncertainties remain, some of which can be reduced by addressing the research needs stated in this paper. C1 [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Gehr, Peter; Clift, Martin; Brandenberger, Christina] Univ Bern, Inst Anat, Bern, Switzerland. [Bennett, Deborah H.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Phalen, Robert F.; Mendez, Loyda B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Dept Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Mendez, Loyda B.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Biol Sci, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Mendez, Loyda B.] Pacific SW Reg Ctr Excellence, Irvine, CA USA. [Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara] Univ Fribourg, Adolphe Merkle Inst, Marly, Switzerland. [Muehlfeld, Christian] Hannover Med Sch, Inst Funct & Appl Anat, D-3000 Hannover, Germany. RP Solomon, PA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM solomon.paul@epa.gov OI Merkle Institute, Adolphe/0000-0002-6220-424X; Mendez, Loyda/0000-0002-3439-8315; CLIFT, MARTIN/0000-0001-6133-3368 FU Charles S. Stocking Family Trust; CA Air Resources Board [ARB-08-306]; Swiss National Science Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Animal Free Research Foundation; Gottfried and Julia Bangerter-Rhyner-Foundation; Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation; Foundation Johanna-Durmuller-Bol; Lungenliga Schweiz; Swiss Federal Office for the Environment; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The preparation of this informative summary, in response to the forth policy-relevant Science Question that was addressed in part at the 2010 International Air Pollution and Health conference, was supported in part by the Charles S. Stocking Family Trust (Dr. Phalen) and the CA Air Resources Board ARB-08-306 (Dr. Mendez). The group from Switzerland received generous financial support from the Swiss National Science Foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Animal Free Research Foundation, the Gottfried and Julia Bangerter-Rhyner-Foundation, the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, the Foundation Johanna-Durmuller-Bol, the Lungenliga Schweiz, and the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment is greatly appreciated. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest and do not have a financial relationship with the sponsors of the conference. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and managed the development of this journal article. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 113 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1873-9318 EI 1873-9326 J9 AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH JI Air Qual. Atmos. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 SI SI BP 169 EP 187 DI 10.1007/s11869-011-0167-y PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015XW UT WOS:000309480700003 ER PT J AU O'Neill, MS Breton, CV Devlin, RB Utell, MJ AF O'Neill, Marie S. Breton, Carrie V. Devlin, Robert B. Utell, Mark J. TI Air pollution and health: emerging information on susceptible populations SO AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Outdoor air; Particulate matter; Susceptible populations; Genetics; Diabetes ID ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION SURVIVORS; ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER; DIESEL-EXHAUST INHALATION; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; S-TRANSFERASE P1; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA AB Outdoor air pollution poses risks to human health in communities around the world, and research on populations who are most susceptible continues to reveal new insights. Human susceptibility to adverse health effects from exposure to air pollution can be related to underlying disease; demographic or anthropometric characteristics; genetic profile; race and ethnicity; lifestyle, behaviors, and socioeconomic position; and location of residence or daily activities. In health research, an individual or group may have an enhanced responsiveness to a given, identical level of pollution exposure compared to those who are less susceptible. Or, people in these different groups may experience varying levels of exposure (for example, a theoretically homogeneous population whose members differ only by proximity to a road). Often the information available for health research may relate to both exposure and enhanced response to a given dose of pollution. This paper discusses the general direction of research on susceptibility to air pollution, with a general though not an exclusive focus on particulate matter, with specific examples of research on susceptibility related to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma, and genetic and epigenetic features. We conclude by commenting how emerging knowledge of susceptibility can inform policy for controlling pollution sources and exposures to yield maximal health benefit and discuss two areas of emerging interest: studying air pollution and its connection to perinatal health, as well as land use and urban infrastructure design. C1 [O'Neill, Marie S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Breton, Carrie V.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Clin Res Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Utell, Mark J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Utell, Mark J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Dept Environm Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RP O'Neill, MS (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, 6631 SPH Tower,109 S Observ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM marieo@umich.edu FU U.S. National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences [R01 ES016932, P30 ES007048, P01 ES009581, K01 ES017801] FX Support for this work was provided by grants R01 ES016932, P30 ES007048, P01 ES009581, and K01 ES017801 from the U.S. National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences. NR 103 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 31 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1873-9318 J9 AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH JI Air Qual. Atmos. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 SI SI BP 189 EP 201 DI 10.1007/s11869-011-0150-7 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015XW UT WOS:000309480700004 PM 25741389 ER PT J AU Hubbell, B AF Hubbell, Bryan TI Understanding urban exposure environments: new research directions for informing implementation of US air quality standards SO AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Air quality management; Multipollutant; Exposure environments; Air pollution standards; Air pollution mixtures ID HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; HEALTH RESEARCH; POLLUTION; MANAGEMENT; OZONE AB This article explores the role that scientific information can play in improving implementation of National Ambient Air Quality Standards and discusses some of the key policy-relevant questions related to implementation that could be informed by advances in the scientific research. This article expands on the concept of urban exposure environments as useful constructs in helping to improve research into the roles of air pollution mixtures and population exposure patterns in air pollution health effects. Recommendations for potential research areas related to urban exposure environments are discussed, including (1) improving the understanding of the role that individual pollutants play within the overall mixture of pollutants that determine air quality and health outcomes in an urban area, (2) understanding the causes of heterogeneity (or similarity) across urban areas in the relative risks associated with air pollution, and (3) improving air quality characterization within urban exposure environments, recognizing the complex air pollution mixtures in many environments which may result from emissions from multiple sources, including regional and local contributors. Informed implementation policies focused on multipollutant risk-based management objectives guided by an improved understanding of multipollutant exposures are likely to lead to greater improvements in public health through more effective and efficient emissions controls. C1 US EPA, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Durham, NC USA. RP Hubbell, B (reprint author), US EPA, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Durham, NC USA. EM hubbell.bryan@epa.gov OI Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1873-9318 J9 AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH JI Air Qual. Atmos. Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 5 IS 2 SI SI BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.1007/s11869-011-0153-4 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 015XW UT WOS:000309480700010 ER PT J AU Jenkins, RR Klemick, H Kopits, E Marten, A AF Jenkins, Robin R. Klemick, Heather Kopits, Elizabeth Marten, Alex TI Policy Monitor U.S. Emergency Response and Removal: Superfund's Overlooked Cleanup Program SO REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND POLICY LA English DT Article C1 [Jenkins, Robin R.; Klemick, Heather; Kopits, Elizabeth; Marten, Alex] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Jenkins, RR (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM jenkins.robin@epa.gov; klemick.heather@epa.gov; kopits.elizabeth@epa.gov; marten.alex@epa.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1750-6816 J9 REV ENV ECON POLICY JI Rev. Env. Econ. Policy PD SUM PY 2012 VL 6 IS 2 BP 278 EP 297 DI 10.1093/reep/res005 PG 20 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 999MH UT WOS:000308316500007 ER PT J AU Johnson, KT Wickham-St Germain, M Ko, S Huling, SG AF Johnson, Karen T. Wickham-St Germain, Margie Ko, Saebom Huling, Scott G. TI Binary Mixtures of Permanganate and Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds in Groundwater Samples: Sample Preservation and Analysis SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL OXIDATION AB Groundwater samples collected at sites where in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) has been deployed may contain binary mixtures of groundwater contaminants and permanganate (MnO4), an oxidant injected into the subsurface to destroy the contaminant. Commingling of the oxidant and contaminant in aqueous samples may negatively impact the quality of the sample as well as the analytical instruments used to quantify contaminant concentrations. In this study, binary mixtures comprised of (1) a multicomponent standard with permanganate and (2) groundwater samples collected at two ISCO field sites were preserved with ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid reacts rapidly with the MnO4 and limits the reaction between MnO4 and the organic compounds in the mixture. Consequently, most of the compounds in the multicomponent standard were within the control limit for quality assurance. However, despite timely efforts to preserve the samples, the rapid reaction between permanganate and contaminant caused the concentration of several sensitive compounds to fall significantly below the lower control limit. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in the field-preserved binary mixture groundwater samples were greater than in samples refrigerated in the field and preserved upon arrival at the laboratory, indicating the time-dependency and benefit of field preservation. The molar ratio of ascorbic acid required to neutralize KMnO4 was 1.64 (mol ascorbic acid/mol KMnO4); this provided a baseline to estimate the volume of ascorbic acid stock solution and/or the weight of crystalline ascorbic acid required to neutralize MnO4. Excess ascorbic acid did not negatively impact the quality of the aqueous samples, or analytical instruments, used in the analyses. C1 [Huling, Scott G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Johnson, Karen T.; Wickham-St Germain, Margie] US EPA, Reg Environm Serv Div 7, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. [Ko, Saebom] CNR, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Huling, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM huling.scott@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors acknowledge Robert Weber, Nancy Swyers, Brad Vann, DeAndre Singletary, and Mary Peterson from the U.S. EPA Superfund Program (Region 7, Kansas City, Kansas) for valuable input on the impact of binary mixtures at U. S. EPA Superfund sites; Mark Blankenship, John Cox, and Tracy Pardue (Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc., Ada, Oklahoma) for their analytical assistance, and Sarah Caldwell for editorial support. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1069-3629 J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat. PD SUM PY 2012 VL 32 IS 3 BP 84 EP 92 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6592.2011.01385.x PG 9 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 986LL UT WOS:000307343000008 ER PT J AU Young, D Clinton, P Specht, D Collura, TCM Lee, H AF Young, David Clinton, Patrick Specht, David Collura, T. Chris Mochon Lee, Henry, II TI Determining bathymetric distributions of the eelgrass Zostera marina L. in three turbid estuaries on the eastern North Pacific coast SO BOTANICA MARINA LA English DT Article DE bathymetry; distribution; estuary; mapping; seagrass ID SEAGRASS BEDS; USA; ECOSYSTEMS; MEADOWS; HABITAT AB Improved methods for determining bathymetric distributions of dominant intertidal plants throughout their estuarine ranges are needed. Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is a seagrass native to estuaries of the northeastern Pacific and many other marine regions of the northern hemisphere. The techniques described here employed large-format aerial photography using false color near-infrared film with digital image classification, and the production of digital bathymetric models of shallow estuaries, such as those occurring in turbid waters of the United States Pacific Northwest. Application of geographic information system procedures to Z. marina classifications and estuarine bathymetries yielded intertidal eelgrass bathymetric distributions based on a very large number of data points. Similar bathymetric patterns were obtained for the three estuaries surveyed, and approximately 90% of the classified Z. marina occurred within the depth range -1.0 m to +1.0 m (mean lower low water). Comparison of these depth distributions with ground surveys of Z. marina lower depth limits indicated that the area of undetected subtidal eelgrass constituted <10% of the areal distributions classified (with >= 86% overall accuracy) in each estuary. Zostera marina areal distribution in one estuary was distinctly different from those in the other two systems, which illustrated the potential usefulness of this technique in exploring causal factors for such differences in areal distributions of estuarine intertidal vegetation. C1 [Young, David; Clinton, Patrick; Specht, David; Collura, T. Chris Mochon; Lee, Henry, II] US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Young, D (reprint author), US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM young.david@epa.gov NR 49 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0006-8055 J9 BOT MAR JI Bot. Marina PD JUN PY 2012 VL 55 IS 3 BP 229 EP 240 DI 10.1515/bot-2011-0011 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 974SW UT WOS:000306458300004 ER PT J AU Chadwick, LH AF Chadwick, Lisa Helbling TI The NIH Roadmap Epigenomics Program data resource SO EPIGENOMICS LA English DT Article DE chromatin; data resource; data visualization; DNA methylation; epigenetic mapping; epigenetics; epigenomics; histone modification; human disease ID DNA METHYLATION; HUMAN GENOME; BROWSER; UCSC AB The NIH Roadmap Reference Epigenome Mapping Consortium is developing a community resource of genome-wide epigenetic maps in a broad range of human primary cells and tissues. There are large amounts of data already available, and a number of different options for viewing and analyzing the data. This report will describe key features of the websites where users will find data, protocols and analysis tools developed by the consortium, and provide a perspective on how this unique resource will facilitate and inform human disease research, both immediately and in the future. C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, Morrisville, NC 27709 USA. RP Chadwick, LH (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Training, 530 Davis Dr,Maildrop K3-15, Morrisville, NC 27709 USA. EM chadwickL@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 ES999999] NR 17 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 8 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1750-1911 J9 EPIGENOMICS-UK JI Epigenomics PD JUN PY 2012 VL 4 IS 3 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.2217/EPI.12.18 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 975SB UT WOS:000306530200010 PM 22690667 ER PT J AU Tong, STY Sun, Y Yang, YJ AF Tong, S. T. Y. Sun, Y. Yang, Y. J. TI Generating a Future Land Use Change Scenario with a Modified Population-Coupled Markov Cellular Automata Model SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Markov; CA-Markov; population growth; land use modeling; urbanization; multi-criteria evaluation ID MIAMI RIVER-BASIN; WATER-QUALITY; COVER CHANGE; CATEGORICAL MAPS; URBAN-GROWTH; GIS; VALIDATION; EXPANSION; LOCATION; PATTERNS AB With the population increasing and land use patterns changing, there will be environmental consequences. To solve these impending problems, information on the future land use pattern is needed. This study attempted to develop an enhanced land use model, capable of predicting future conditions. The traditional Markov model was modified by incorporating a Cellular Automata (CA) and a population variable to depict the neighboring effects and the impacts of population growth on urbanization. The performance of this new model was quantitatively assessed by generating the 2001 land use patterns of the East Fork Little Miami River watershed in southwest Ohio with and without the CA and the population variable and compared with the actual 2001 land use imagery. From the comparison, it was apparent that the land use map generated with the CA and population variable was more accurate. To further ascertain its applicability in a larger watershed, the same procedure was used to model the entire Little Miami River watershed. The validation results demonstrated that the performance of the modified CA-Markov model at both watershed scales was acceptable, and the inclusion of the CA and population variable could markedly improve model predictability. Based on these findings, the 2030 land use scenario for the LMR watershed was postulated. The resultant map showed much urban expansion in the western and southern portions of the basin. This information can be useful to planners and resource managers, enhancing their efforts in generating more sustainable future development strategies. C1 [Tong, S. T. Y.; Sun, Y.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geog, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Yang, Y. J.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Tong, STY (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geog, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM susanna.tong@uc.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency partially funded the research described herein. The authors are grateful to the agency for the financial support. The manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute or recommendation for use. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 28 PU INT SOC ENVIRON INFORM SCI PI REGINA PA 4246 ALBERT ST, REGINA, SASKATCHEWAN S4S 3R9, CANADA SN 1726-2135 EI 1684-8799 J9 J ENVIRON INFORM JI J. Environ. Inform. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 19 IS 2 BP 108 EP 119 DI 10.3808/jei.201200213 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 974RT UT WOS:000306454800005 ER PT J AU Miguel, AH Hansen, ADA AF Miguel, Antonio H. Hansen, Anthony D. A. TI High-Time Resolution Measurements of Black Carbon Particles in the Exhaust Emissions of a Diesel Engine during Acceleration, Deceleration and Cruise Conditions SO JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE high-time; black carbon; BC; diesel engine; exhaust emissions ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; WALL LOSSES; DISTRIBUTIONS; VEHICLES AB Black carbon (BC) is a major constituent of diesel-engine exhaust emissions. Aethalometer (R) was used in the measurements of the BC concentrations (with time resolution of 5 s) in the exhaust of a truck model 1995 Dodge RAM 2500 diesel pick-up equipped with an oxidation catalyst. The measurements were made from a chassis dynamometer during the acceleration, deceleration and cruise (constant speed) modes of the hot start of the MEC01 test cycle (version 7.0). Exhaust particles were collected in parallel on quartz fiber filters for elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) measurement by the thermal-optical reflectance (TOR) method, and on Teflon (R) filters for gravimetric total particle mass (PM). Rapid acceleration was accompanied by corresponding instantaneous increases in BC emissions. Under wide open throttle acceleration (WOT), Aethalometer (R) BC concentrations peaked at 1.2 mg m(-3), but reduced to only 0.03 mg m(-3) under cruise conditions at 20 mph. These results show that it is possible to measure speciated diesel particulate emissions essentially in real time as a function of engine load and other operating conditions. C1 [Miguel, Antonio H.] Univ Calif Riverside, Coll Engn, Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hansen, Anthony D. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Miguel, AH (reprint author), US EPA, Air Resources Board Haagen Smit Lab, MLD, Organ Anal Sect, 9528 Telstar Ave, El Monte, CA USA. EM amiguel@arb.ca.gov FU CE-CERT FX The authors are indebted to several CE-CERT individuals: J. M. Norbeck, ex-director, for providing internal CE-CERT research funds used to carry out this study, to D. J. Martis, T. D. Durbin, R. L. Rettig, W. J. Calhoun and K. Stieglitz for running the dynamometer tests and providing the propane data reported in this study; Matt Barth, Mike Todd, and G. A. Scora for helpful discussions regarding the MEC01 emission driving cycle. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU SOC BRASILEIRA QUIMICA PI SAO PAULO PA CAIXA POSTAL 26037, 05599-970 SAO PAULO, BRAZIL SN 0103-5053 J9 J BRAZIL CHEM SOC JI J. Braz. Chem. Soc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 23 IS 6 BP 1140 EP 1145 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 974GJ UT WOS:000306419300020 ER PT J AU Alves, S Tilghman, J Rosenbaum, A Payne-Sturges, DC AF Alves, Sarah Tilghman, Joan Rosenbaum, Arlene Payne-Sturges, Devon C. TI U.S. EPA Authority to Use Cumulative Risk Assessments in Environmental Decision-Making SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE cumulative effects; cumulative risk; environmental justice; US Environmental Protection Agency; statutory authority ID AIR-POLLUTION; RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY; HEALTH DISPARITIES; INDUSTRIAL SOURCES; JUSTICE; RACE; POPULATIONS; CRITIQUE; POVERTY; HAZARDS AB Conventionally, in its decision-making, the U. S. EPA has evaluated the effects and risks associated with a single pollutant in a single exposure medium. In reality, people are exposed to mixtures of pollutants or to the same pollutant through a variety of media, including the air, water, and food. It is now more recognized than before that environmental exposure to pollutants occurs via multiple exposure routes and pathways, including inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption. Moreover, chemical, biologic, radiologic, physical, and psychologic stressors are all acknowledged as affecting human health. Although many EPA offices attempt to consider cumulative risk assessment and cumulative effects in various ways, there is no Agency-wide policy for considering these risks and the effects of exposure to these risks when making environmental decisions. This article examines how U.S. courts might assess EPA's general authority and discretion to use cumulative risk assessment as the basis for developing data in support of environmental decision-making, and how courts might assess the validity of a cumulative risk assessment methodology itself. C1 [Alves, Sarah] ICF Int, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. [Tilghman, Joan] ICF Int, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Rosenbaum, Arlene] ICF Int, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Payne-Sturges, Devon C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Alves, S (reprint author), ICF Int, 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. EM SAlves@icfi.com; JTilghman@icfi.com; ARosenbaum@icfi.com; payne-sturges.devon@epa.gov FU National Center for Environmental Research, Office of Research and Development of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP-C-09-009] FX This research was supported by the National Center for Environmental Research, Office of Research and Development of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. EP-C-09-009. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not represent official U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy, nor should any official endorsement be inferred. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 37 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD JUN PY 2012 VL 9 IS 6 BP 1997 EP 2019 DI 10.3390/ijerph9061997 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 966AM UT WOS:000305808900001 PM 22829786 ER PT J AU Shao, Y Lunetta, RS AF Shao, Yang Lunetta, Ross S. TI Comparison of support vector machine, neural network, and CART algorithms for the land-cover classification using limited training data points SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Land-cover mapping; Support vector machine; Accuracy assessment ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; TIME-SERIES DATA; MODIS-NDVI DATA; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; MIXTURE-MODELS; MIXED PIXELS; TREE CANOPY; AVHRR DATA; DATA SET AB Support vector machine (SVM) was applied for land-cover characterization using MODIS time-series data. Classification performance was examined with respect to training sample size, sample variability, and landscape homogeneity (purity). The results were compared to two conventional nonparametric image classification algorithms: multilayer perceptron neural networks (NN) and classification and regression trees (CART). For 2001 MODIS time-series data, SVM generated overall accuracies ranging from 77% to 80% for training sample sizes from 20 to 800 pixels per class, compared to 67-76% and 62-73% for NN and CART, respectively. These results indicated that SVM's had superior generalization capability, particularly with respect to small training sample sizes. There was also less variability of SVM performance when classification trials were repeated using different training sets. Additionally, classification accuracies were directly related to sample homogeneity/heterogeneity. The overall accuracies for the SVM algorithm were 91% (Kappa = 0.77) and 64% (Kappa = 0.34) for homogeneous and heterogeneous pixels, respectively. The inclusion of heterogeneous pixels in the training sample did not increase overall accuracies. Also, the SVM performance was examined for the classification of multiple year MODIS time-series data at annual intervals. Finally, using only the SVM output values, a method was developed to directly classify pixel purity. Approximately 65% of pixels within the Albemarle-Pamlico Basin study area were labeled as "functionally homogeneous" with an overall classification accuracy of 91% (Kappa = 0.79). The results indicated a high potential for regional scale operational land-cover characterization applications. (C) 2012 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS) Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shao, Yang] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shao, Y (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Geog, 115 Major Williams Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM yshao@vt.edu FU EPA's Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) Advanced Monitoring Initiative (AMI) [35]; US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Lorenzo Bruzzone for his thoughtful suggestions in support of this study. Funding was partially provided under EPA's Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) Advanced Monitoring Initiative (AMI) Grant #35. The US Environmental Protection Agency funded and conducted the research described in this paper. It has been subject to the Agency's programmatic review and has been approved for publication. Mention of any trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 53 TC 84 Z9 88 U1 7 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-2716 J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 70 BP 78 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2012.04.001 PG 10 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 964WI UT WOS:000305727000007 ER PT J AU Mwanza, JC Lyke, DF Hertzberg, RC Haber, L Kohrman-Vincent, M Li, RS Pan, Y Lyles, RH Simmons, JE MacMillan, DK Zehr, RD Swank, AE Herr, DW AF Mwanza, Jean-Claude Lyke, Danielle F. Hertzberg, Richard C. Haber, Lynne Kohrman-Vincent, Melissa Li, Ruosha Pan, Yi Lyles, Robert H. Simmons, Jane Ellen MacMillan, Denise K. Zehr, R. Dan Swank, Adam E. Herr, David W. TI Cholinesterase inhibition and depression of the photic after discharge of flash evoked potentials following acute or repeated exposures to a mixture of carbaryl and propoxur SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neurophysiology; Flash evoked potential; Photic after discharge; Carbamate; Mixture ID NERVE-CONDUCTION VELOCITY; FREELY MOVING RATS; PATTERN-REVERSAL; DOSE-RESPONSE; TIME-COURSE; PEAK N160; TEMPERATURE; CARBAMATE; SYSTEM; MODEL AB Previously, we reported that acute treatment with propoxur or carbaryl decreased the duration of the Photic After Discharge (PhAD) of Flash Evoked Potentials (FEPs). In the current studies, we compared the effects of acute or repeated exposure to a mixture of carbaryl and propoxur (1:1.45 ratio; propoxur:carbaryl) on the duration of the PhAD and brain ChE activity in Long Evans rats. Animals were exposed (po) either to a single dose (0, 3, 10,45 or 75 mg/kg), or 14 daily dosages (0, 3, 10, 30, 45 mg/kg), of the mixture. Acute and repeated treatment with 3 mg/kg (or greater) of the mixture produced dose-related inhibition of brain ChE activity. Compared to controls, the PhAD duration decreased after acute administration of 75 mg/kg or repeated treatment with 30 mg/kg of the mixture. The linear relationship between the percent of control brain ChE activity and the PhAD duration was similar for both exposure paradigms. Dose-response models for the acute and repeated exposure data did not differ for brain ChE activity or the duration of the PhAD. Repeated treatment with the mixture resulted in slightly less (13-22%) erythrocyte ChE inhibition than acute exposure. Both acute and repeated treatment resulted in dose-additive results for the PhAD duration and less than dose-additive responses (6-16%) for brain ChE activity for the middle range of dosages. Acute treatment resulted in greater than dose-additive erythrocyte ChE inhibition (15-18%) at the highest dosages. In contrast, repeated treatment resulted in less than dose-additive erythrocyte ChE inhibition (16-22%) at the middle dosages. Brain and plasma levels of propoxur and carbaryl did not differ between the acute and repeated dosing paradigms. In summary, a physiological measure of central nervous system function and brain ChE activity had similar responses after acute or repeated treatment with the carbamate mixture, and brain ChE showed only small deviations from dose-additivity. Erythrocyte ChE activity had larger differences between the acute and repeated treatment paradigms, and showed slightly greater deviations from dose-additivity. Because these treatments utilized larger dosages than anticipated environmental exposures, concern for nonadditive effects in humans is minimized. The small magnitude of the deviations from dose-additivity also suggest that in the absence of repeated exposure data, results from an acute study of readily reversible carbamate toxicity can be used to estimate the response to repeated daily exposures. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lyke, Danielle F.; Herr, David W.] US EPA, NHEERL, TAD, NB,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mwanza, Jean-Claude] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Hertzberg, Richard C.] Biomath Consulting, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Haber, Lynne; Kohrman-Vincent, Melissa] Toxicol Excellence Risk Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45211 USA. [Li, Ruosha; Pan, Yi; Lyles, Robert H.] Emory Univ, Deparment Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Biol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [MacMillan, Denise K.; Zehr, R. Dan; Swank, Adam E.] US EPA, Analyt Chem Res Core, Immediate Off, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Herr, DW (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, TAD, NB,Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD B105-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM jean_Claude_Mwanza@med.unc.edu; Lyke.Danielle@epamail.epa.gov; hertzberg_rc@bellsouth.net; Haber@tera.org; Kohrman@tera.org; liruosha@gmail.com; jnu5@cdc.gov; rlyles@sph.emory.edu; Simmons.jane@epamail.epa.gov; MacMillan.denise@epamail.epa.gov; Zehr.dan@epamail.epa.gov; Swank.adam@epamail.epa.gov; Herr.david@epamail.epa.gov FU EPA [GS-10F0369N] FX United States Environmental Protection Agency. Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment was funded by EPA Contract #GS-10F0369N. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 332 EP 346 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.02.006 PG 15 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 951OO UT WOS:000304730100009 PM 22353443 ER PT J AU Kamel, F Umbach, DM Bedlack, RS Richards, M Watson, M Alavanja, MCR Blair, A Hoppin, JA Schmidt, S Sandler, DP AF Kamel, Freya Umbach, David M. Bedlack, Richard S. Richards, Marie Watson, Mary Alavanja, Michael C. R. Blair, Aaron Hoppin, Jane A. Schmidt, Silke Sandler, Dale P. TI Pesticide exposure and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Motor neuron disease; Cohort study; Meta-analysis; Pesticides; Organochlorine insecticides ID MOTOR-NEURON-DISEASE; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SPORADIC ALS; RISK; INSECTICIDES; METAANALYSIS; SERUM; GENE AB Our objectives were to summarize literature on the association of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with pesticides as a group and to evaluate associations of ALS with specific pesticides. We conducted a meta-analysis of published studies of ALS and pesticides as a group and investigated the association of ALS with specific pesticides, using data from the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a cohort including 84,739 private pesticide applicators and spouses. AHS participants provided information on pesticide use at enrollment in 1993-1997. In mortality data collected through February 2010, ALS was recorded on death certificates of 41 individuals whom we compared to the remaining cohort (controls), using unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age and gender to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. In the meta-analysis, ALS was associated with use of pesticides as a group (1.9, 1.1-3.1). In the AHS, ALS was not associated with pesticides as a group, but was associated with use of organochlorine insecticides (OCs) (1.6, 0.8-3.5), pyrethroids (1.4, 0.6-3.4), herbicides (1.6, 0.7-3.7), and fumigants (1.8, 0.8-3.9). ORs were elevated forever use of the specific OCs aldrin (2.1, 0.8-5.1), dieldrin (2.6, 0.9-7.3), DDT (2.1, 0.9-5.0), and toxaphene (2.0, 0.8-4.9). None of these associations was statistically significant. Similar results were observed in an analysis restricted to men. In conclusion, the meta-analysis suggests that ALS risk is associated with use of pesticides as a group, and our analysis of AHS data points to OC use in particular. The latter results are novel but based on a small number of cases and require replication in other populations. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kamel, Freya; Hoppin, Jane A.; Sandler, Dale P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Umbach, David M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Bedlack, Richard S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Neurol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Richards, Marie] Westat Corp, Durham, NC USA. [Watson, Mary] Social & Sci Syst, Durham, NC USA. [Alavanja, Michael C. R.; Blair, Aaron] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Schmidt, Silke] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Genet, Durham, NC USA. RP Kamel, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kamel@niehs.nih.gov OI Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU NIH, NIEHS [Z01-ES049005, Z01-ES049030]; NCI [Z01-CP010119] FX The AHS was conducted by the University of Iowa (Iowa Field Station: Drs. C. Lynch and E. Heywood) and Battelle Inc. (North Carolina Field Station: C. Knott and M. Hayslip); central data coordination was provided by Westat (K. Torres, S. Legum, and M. Dunn). The study was supported by the intramural research program of the NIH, NIEHS (Z01-ES049005 and Z01-ES049030) and NCI (Z01-CP010119). NR 36 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 457 EP 462 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.04.001 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 951OO UT WOS:000304730100022 PM 22521219 ER PT J AU Tal, TL Tanguay, RL AF Tal, Tamara L. Tanguay, Robert L. TI Non-coding RNAs-Novel targets in neurotoxicity SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE microRNAs; ncRNAs; Neurotoxicology ID HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS; HUMAN BRAIN-CELLS; DYNAMIN 1 GENE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MICRO-RNA; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; MESSENGER-RNA; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AB Over the past ten years non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal players in fundamental physiological and cellular processes and have been increasingly implicated in cancer, immune disorders, and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of ncRNA molecules that function as negative regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression. miRNAs are predicted to regulate 60% of all human protein-coding genes and as such, play key roles in cellular and developmental processes, human health, and disease. Relative to counterparts that lack bindings sites for miRNAs, genes encoding proteins that are post-transcriptionally regulated by miRNAs are twice as likely to be sensitive to environmental chemical exposure. Not surprisingly, miRNAs have been recognized as targets or effectors of nervous system, developmental, hepatic, and carcinogenic toxicants, and have been identified as putative regulators of phase I xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. In this review, we give an overview of the types of ncRNAs and highlight their roles in neurodevelopment, neurological disease, activity-dependent signaling, and drug metabolism. We then delve into specific examples that illustrate their importance as mediators, effectors, or adaptive agents of neurotoxicants or neuroactive pharmaceutical compounds. Finally, we identify a number of outstanding questions regarding ncRNAs and neurotoxicity. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Oregon State Univ, Environm Hlth Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Tal, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tal.tamara@epa.gov FU NIEHS Environmental Health Sciences Core Center [ES00210]; NIEHS [T32ES7060]; Superfund Basic Research Program [NIEHS P42 ES016465] FX We regret that space constraints have prevented the citation of many relevant studies. This work was supported by the NIEHS Environmental Health Sciences Core Center Grant ES00210, NIEHS Training Grant T32ES7060, and a Superfund Basic Research Program Grant NIEHS P42 ES016465 to RLT. We are grateful to Sue Edelstein for help preparing graphics and thank Jill Franzosa, Britton Goodale, Windy Boyd, and Julie Hall for their helpful discussions and critical review of the manuscript. NR 128 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JUN PY 2012 VL 33 IS 3 BP 530 EP 544 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.02.013 PG 15 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 951OO UT WOS:000304730100032 PM 22394481 ER PT J AU Hunt, LR Smith, SM Downum, KR Mydlarz, LD AF Hunt, Laura R. Smith, Stephanie M. Downum, Kelsey R. Mydlarz, Laura D. TI Microbial Regulation in Gorgonian Corals SO MARINE DRUGS LA English DT Article DE gorgonian corals; quorum sensing (QS); antimicrobial activity; microbial regulation ID ACYL-HOMOSERINE LACTONE; SENSING SIGNAL PRODUCTION; SEA FAN CORAL; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; BIOFILM FORMATION; MARINE-BACTERIA; SECONDARY METABOLITES; CARIBBEAN GORGONIANS; SERRATIA-MARCESCENS AB Gorgonian corals possess many novel natural products that could potentially mediate coral-bacterial interactions. Since many bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) signals to facilitate colonization of host organisms, regulation of prokaryotic cell-to-cell communication may represent an important bacterial control mechanism. In the present study, we examined extracts of twelve species of Caribbean gorgonian corals, for mechanisms that regulate microbial colonization, such as antibacterial activity and QS regulatory activity. Ethanol extracts of gorgonians collected from Puerto Rico and the Florida Keys showed a range of both antibacterial and QS activities using a specific Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS reporter, sensitive to long chain AHLs and a short chain N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHL) biosensor, Chromobacterium violaceium. Overall, the gorgonian corals had higher antimicrobial activity against non-marine strains when compared to marine strains. Pseudopterogorgia americana, Pseusopterogorgia acerosa, and Pseudoplexuara flexuosa had the highest QS inhibitory effect. Interestingly, Pseudoplexuara porosa extracts stimulated QS activity with a striking 17-fold increase in signal. The stimulation of QS by P. porosa or other elements of the holobiont may encourage colonization or recruitment of specific microbial species. Overall, these results suggest the presence of novel stimulatory QS, inhibitory QS and bactericidal compounds in gorgonian corals. A better understanding of these compounds may reveal insight into coral-microbial ecology and whether a therapeutic potential exists. C1 [Hunt, Laura R.; Smith, Stephanie M.; Downum, Kelsey R.; Mydlarz, Laura D.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Hunt, Laura R.] US EPA, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. RP Mydlarz, LD (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM hunt.laura@epa.gov; crader@wisc.edu; downumk@uta.edu; mydlarz@uta.edu RI Mydlarz, Laura/B-8132-2011; Johnson, Selena/K-3541-2013; OI Smith, Stephanie/0000-0002-2063-0515 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0849799]; University of Texas at Arlington; Research Enhancement Program FX This work was funded by the National Science Foundation Award # OCE-0849799, the University of Texas at Arlington startup funds (LDM and KRD) and the Research Enhancement Program (LDM). Corals were collected under the specifications of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission nonresident saltwater fishing licenses as well as research permit number FKNMS-2007-050, for Gorgonia ventalina. We are most grateful to B.H. Iglewski for Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and PAO1-JP2 strains, L. Eberl for plasmid pKR-C12, and R. McLean for Chromobacterium violaceum strain CV026, K. Ritchie for Vibrio alginolyticus and Serratia marcscens PDL100 (ATCC # 39018), and M. Teplitski for Serratia marcescens MG1 and Serratia marcescens (ATCC # 39006). We would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for comments that improved the manuscript. NR 73 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 25 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-3397 J9 MAR DRUGS JI Mar. Drugs PD JUN PY 2012 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1225 EP 1243 DI 10.3390/md10061225 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 965XB UT WOS:000305799800004 PM 22822369 ER PT J AU Rajabi, F Karimi, N Saidi, MR Primo, A Varma, RS Luque, R AF Rajabi, Fatemeh Karimi, Nafiseh Saidi, Mohammad Reza Primo, Ana Varma, Rajender S. Luque, Rafael TI Unprecedented Selective Oxidation of Styrene Derivatives using a Supported Iron Oxide Nanocatalyst in Aqueous Medium SO ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE alkene oxidation; aqueous phase chemistry; heterogeneous catalysis; supported iron oxide nanoparticles ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; MESOPOROUS MATERIALS; METAL NANOPARTICLES; PLATFORM MOLECULES; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; EPOXIDATION; EFFICIENT; WATER; H2O2; TRANSFORMATIONS AB Iron oxide nanoparticles supported on mesoporous silica-type materials have been successfully utilized in the aqueous selective oxidation of alkenes under mild conditions using hydrogen peroxide as green oxidant. The supported catalyst could be easily recovered after completion of the reaction and reused several times without any loss in activity (no metal leaching observed during the reaction), constituting a facile and straightforward example of aqueous oxidation chemistry promoted by iron-based heterogeneous systems. C1 [Rajabi, Fatemeh] Payame Noor Univ, Dept Sci, Tehran, Iran. [Karimi, Nafiseh; Saidi, Mohammad Reza] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Chem, Tehran, Iran. [Primo, Ana] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Tecnol Quim, UPV CSIC, Valencia 46022, Spain. [Varma, Rajender S.; Luque, Rafael] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Luque, Rafael] Univ Cordoba, Dept Quim Organ, Cordoba 14014, Spain. RP Rajabi, F (reprint author), Payame Noor Univ, Dept Sci, POB 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran. EM f_rajabi@pnu.ac.ir; q62alsor@uco.es RI Luque, Rafael/F-9853-2010; Primo, Ana /G-9865-2015 OI Luque, Rafael/0000-0003-4190-1916; Primo, Ana /0000-0001-9205-2278 FU Payame Noor University; Iran National Science Foundation (INSF); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Gobierno de Espana through a Ramon y Cajal [RYC-2009-04199]; MICINN [CTQ-2011-28954-C02-02]; Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion, Junta de Andalucia contract [P10-FQM-6711]; short stay fellowship under Incentivos para Actividades de caracter cientifico y tecnico at the EPA in Cincinnati [IAC-2010-2-4512] FX FR is grateful to Payame Noor University and Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) for support of this work. RL gratefully acknowledges support from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Gobierno de Espana through a Ramon y Cajal contract (ref. RYC-2009-04199) and funding from MICINN (project CTQ-2011-28954-C02-02) and Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion, Junta de Andalucia (project P10-FQM-6711) as well as the concession of a short stay fellowship under Incentivos para Actividades de caracter cientifico y tecnico to RL (ref. IAC-2010-2-4512) at the EPA in Cincinnati. NR 39 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 47 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1615-4150 J9 ADV SYNTH CATAL JI Adv. Synth. Catal. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 354 IS 9 BP 1707 EP 1711 DI 10.1002/adsc.201100630 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 958AW UT WOS:000305209300012 ER PT J AU Joshi, A Wang, H Jiang, GF Douglas, W Chan, JSY Korach, KS Ellenson, LH AF Joshi, Ayesha Wang, Hong Jiang, Gaofeng Douglas, Wayne Chan, Joanna S. Y. Korach, Kenneth S. Ellenson, Lora H. TI Endometrial Tumorigenesis in Pten(+/-) Mice Is Independent of Coexistence of Estrogen and Estrogen Receptor alpha SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX ATYPICAL HYPERPLASIA; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; PROTEIN-KINASE-B; CYCLIN D1; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-3-OH KINASE; CELL-PROLIFERATION; KNOCKOUT MOUSE; ER-ALPHA; PTEN; ACTIVATION AB Numerous studies support the role for mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) tumor suppressor gene and unopposed estrogen stimulation in the pathogenesis of uterine endometrioid carcinoma. However, the relation between PTEN signaling and estrogen/estrogen receptor in endometrial tumorigenesis remains unresolved. We used genetically engineered mice as a model to address this relation. Mice with a single deleted Pten allele (Pten(+/-)) spontaneously develop complex atypical hyperplasia and similar to 20% develop endometrial cancer. To determine the effect of removing endogenous estrogen, we performed oophorectomies on Pten(+/-) mice. Although there was a reduction in the number and severity of hyperplastic lesions, the endometrial phenotype persisted, suggesting that Pten mutation, independent of estrogen, can initiate the development of complex atypical hyperplasia. To recapitulate the situation in women with unopposed estrogen, we implanted 17 beta-estradiol pellets in adult female Pten heterozygous mice, resulting in increased carcinoma incidence. Because studies have shown that estrogen largely acts on the endometrium via estrogen receptor ER alpha, we generated Pten(+/-)ER alpha(-/-) mice. Strikingly, 88.9% of Pten(+/-)ER alpha(-/-) mice developed endometrial hyperplasia/carcinoma. Furthermore, Pten(+/-)ER alpha(-/-) mice showed a higher incidence of in situ and invasive carcinoma, suggesting that endometrial tumorigenesis can progress in the absence of ERa. Thus, the relation between Pten alterations and estrogen signaling in the development of endometrial carcinoma is complex; the results presented herein have important implications for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma in women. (Am J Pathol 2012, 180:2536-2547; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.03.006) C1 [Joshi, Ayesha; Wang, Hong; Jiang, Gaofeng; Douglas, Wayne; Chan, Joanna S. Y.; Ellenson, Lora H.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Korach, Kenneth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Ellenson, LH (reprint author), Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM lora.ellenson@med.cornell.edu OI Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X FU National Cancer Institute, NIH [R01 CA095427]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Division of Intramural Research [Z01ES70065] FX Supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute, NIH (R01 CA095427 to L.H.E.) and from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Division of Intramural Research (Z01ES70065 to K.S.K.). NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 180 IS 6 BP 2536 EP 2547 DI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.03.006 PG 12 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 956PJ UT WOS:000305101300035 PM 22503752 ER PT J AU Baldwin, BS Carpenter, M Rury, K Woodward, E AF Baldwin, Brad S. Carpenter, Matthew Rury, Kristin Woodward, Erin TI Low dissolved ions may limit secondary invasion of inland waters by exotic round gobies and dreissenid mussels in North America SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Secondary invasion; Round goby; Zebra mussel; Quagga mussel; Specific conductivity; Inland waters ID GOBY NEOGOBIUS-MELANOSTOMUS; LOWER GREAT-LAKES; ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; ZEBRA MUSSEL; UNITED-STATES; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; PHYSICOCHEMICAL FACTORS; TRIBUTARY STREAMS; POTENTIAL SPREAD; FRESH-WATER AB Round gobies and dreissenid mussels, exotic species in the North American Great Lakes basin, are euryhaline organisms whose geographic spread and ecological impacts in freshwaters may be limited by low levels of dissolved ions such as calcium (Ca). We measured source populations of these exotics in the St. Lawrence River and found population densities of dreissenids (range of similar to 1,000-6,400 individuals m(-2)) and round gobies (6-32 individuals m(-2)) similar to those in other Great Lake locations from which they have spread inland. However, we found little evidence for their secondary invasion of inland tributary rivers and lakes of northern New York State. Using natural waters collected from inland ecosystems, we ran laboratory bioassays of reproduction, growth, and survival of several life stages of zebra and quagga mussels as well as the round goby. We found little difference in the responses of zebra and quagga mussels, with each species showing moderate reproductive success, growth, and survival at Ca concentrations > 13 mg L-1 and dramatic improvements at > 18 mg L-1. Round gobies showed moderate survival in waters with Ca concentrations > 8 mg L-1 and high survival > 18 mg L-1. These bioassays are the first such experiments for quagga mussels and round gobies and show how all three species may be similarly restricted in their ability to invade and permanently colonize significant geographic regions of New York State and perhaps the US. C1 [Baldwin, Brad S.; Carpenter, Matthew] St Lawrence Univ, Dept Biol, Canton, NY 13617 USA. [Rury, Kristin] US EPA, Div Hlth Effects, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Woodward, Erin] Rodeph Sholom Sch, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Baldwin, BS (reprint author), St Lawrence Univ, Dept Biol, Johnson Hall 123, Canton, NY 13617 USA. EM bbaldwin@stlawu.edu FU A. C. Walker Foundation; St. Lawrence River Research and Education fund; St. Lawrence University FX We thank Dr. Michael Schuckers for help with statistical analyses, Carol Cady for help preparing Fig. 1, and Doug Brown, John Ashley, Adam Caswell and Jim Yaeger for assistance with scuba surveys. We are also grateful for access to data on surface water chemistry, shared by Dr. Scott Kisbaugh (NYSDEC Division of Water) and Dr. James McKenna (USGS Great Lakes Science Center). We also thank M. Kornis and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. This research was supported by an A. C. Walker Foundation North Country Research Fellowship, a grant from the St. Lawrence River Research and Education fund, and additional financial assistance from St. Lawrence University. The US Environmental Protection Agency did not fund or manage the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NR 82 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JUN PY 2012 VL 14 IS 6 BP 1157 EP 1175 DI 10.1007/s10530-011-0146-0 PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 958ZB UT WOS:000305278400006 ER PT J AU Narotsky, MG Pressman, JG Miltner, RJ Speth, TF Teuschler, LK Rice, GE Richardson, SD Best, DS McDonald, A Hunter, ES Simmons, JE AF Narotsky, Michael G. Pressman, Jonathan G. Miltner, Richard J. Speth, Thomas F. Teuschler, Linda K. Rice, Glenn E. Richardson, Susan D. Best, Deborah S. McDonald, Anthony Hunter, E. Sidney, III Simmons, Jane Ellen TI Developmental Toxicity Evaluations of Whole Mixtures of Disinfection By-products using Concentrated Drinking Water in Rats: Gestational and Lactational Effects of Sulfate and Sodium SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE developmental toxicity; drinking water; sulfate; sodium; osmotic diarrhea; osmotic diuretic; mixtures; Four Lab Study; anophthalmia ID INDUCED PREGNANCY LOSS; INVIVO TERATOLOGY SCREEN; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; RODENT TOXICITY; F344 RAT; 4 LAB; BROMODICHLOROMETHANE; CHLORINATION; OZONATION/POSTCHLORINATION AB A developmental toxicity bioassay was used in three experiments to evaluate water concentrates for suitability in multigenerational studies. First, chlorinated water was concentrated 135-fold by reverse osmosis; select lost disinfection by-products were spiked back. Concentrate was provided as drinking water to Sprague-Dawley and F344 rats from gestation day 6 to postnatal day 6. Maternal serum levels of luteinizing hormone on gestation day 10 were unaffected by treatment for both strains. Treated dams had increased water consumption, and increased incidences of polyuria, diarrhea, and (in Sprague-Dawley rats) red perinasal staining. Pup weights were reduced. An increased incidence of eye defects was seen in F344 litters. Chemical analysis of the concentrate revealed high sodium (6.6 g/l) and sulfate (10.4 g/l) levels. To confirm that these chemicals caused polyuria and osmotic diarrhea, respectively, Na2SO4 (520 g/l) or NaCl (16.5 g/l) was provided to rats in drinking water. Water consumption was increased at 5- and 10-g Na2SO4/l and with NaCl. Pup weights were reduced at 20-g Na2SO4/l. Dose-related incidences and severity of polyuria and diarrhea occurred in Na2SO4-treated rats; perinasal staining was seen at 20 g/l. NaCl caused polyuria and perinasal staining, but not diarrhea. Subsequently, water was concentrated similar to 120-fold and sulfate levels were reduced by barium hydroxide before chlorination, yielding lower sodium (<= 1.5 g/l) and sulfate (<= 2.1 g/l) levels. Treatment resulted in increased water consumption, but pup weight and survival were unaffected. There were no treatment-related clinical findings, indicating that mixtures produced by the second method are suitable for multigenerational testing. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 95:202-212, 2012. Published 2012 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Narotsky, Michael G.; Best, Deborah S.; McDonald, Anthony; Hunter, E. Sidney, III; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Pressman, Jonathan G.; Miltner, Richard J.; Speth, Thomas F.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Teuschler, Linda K.; Rice, Glenn E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA USA. RP Narotsky, MG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD-67, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM narotsky.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade name or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-9733 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 95 IS 3 BP 202 EP 212 DI 10.1002/bdrb.21004 PG 11 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 958ZU UT WOS:000305280300002 PM 22495758 ER PT J AU Hennig, B Ormsbee, L McClain, CJ Watkins, BA Blumberg, B Bachas, LG Sanderson, W Thompson, C Suk, WA AF Hennig, Bernhard Ormsbee, Lindell McClain, Craig J. Watkins, Bruce A. Blumberg, Bruce Bachas, Leonidas G. Sanderson, Wayne Thompson, Claudia Suk, William A. TI Nutrition Can Modulate the Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants: Implications in Risk Assessment and Human Health SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE anti-inflammatory nutrients; environmental pollutants; nutrition; risk assessment; risk reduction ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; LIPID-METABOLISM; PREVENTION; DISEASE; OBESITY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; INFLAMMATION; OBESOGENS; EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: The paradigm of human risk assessment includes many variables that must be viewed collectively in order to improve human health and prevent chronic disease. The pathology of chronic diseases is complex, however, and may be influenced by exposure to environmental pollutants, a sedentary lifestyle, and poor dietary habits. Much of the emerging evidence suggests that nutrition can modulate the toxicity of environmental pollutants, which may alter human risks associated with toxicant exposures. OBJECTIVES: In this commentary, we discuss the basis for recommending that nutrition be considered a critical variable in disease outcomes associated with exposure to environmental pollutants, thus establishing the importance of incorporating nutrition within the context of cumulative risk assessment. DISCUSSION: A convincing body of research indicates that nutrition is a modulator of vulnerability to environmental insults; thus, it is timely to consider nutrition as a vital component of human risk assessment. Nutrition may serve as either an agonist or an antagonist (e. g., high-fat foods or foods rich in antioxidants, respectively) of the health impacts associated with exposure to environmental pollutants. Dietary practices and food choices may help explain the large variability observed in human risk assessment. CONCLUSION: We recommend that nutrition and dietary practices be incorporated into future environmental research and the development of risk assessment paradigms. Healthful nutrition interventions might be a powerful approach to reduce disease risks associated with many environmental toxic insults and should be considered a variable within the context of cumulative risk assessment and, where appropriate, a potential tool for subsequent risk reduction. C1 [Hennig, Bernhard] Univ Kentucky, Coll Agr, Superfund Res Program, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [McClain, Craig J.] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Watkins, Bruce A.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nutr Sci, Storrs, CT USA. [Watkins, Bruce A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Biol Sci, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Bachas, Leonidas G.] Univ Miami, Dept Chem, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Sanderson, Wayne] Univ Kentucky, Dept Epidemiol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Suk, William A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Ctr Risk & Integrated Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Hennig, B (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Coll Agr, Superfund Res Program, Room 501,Wethington Hlth Sci Bldg,900 S Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM bhennig@uky.edu RI Bachas, Leonidas/G-2479-2015; OI Bachas, Leonidas/0000-0002-3308-6264 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES007380] NR 47 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 38 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 771 EP 774 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104712 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700014 PM 22357258 ER PT J AU Thayer, KA Heindel, JJ Bucher, JR Gallo, MA AF Thayer, Kristina A. Heindel, Jerrold J. Bucher, John R. Gallo, Michael A. TI Role of Environmental Chemicals in Diabetes and Obesity: A National Toxicology Program Workshop Review SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE animal; diabetes; environment; epidemiology; glucose; insulin; in vitro; metabolic syndrome; obesity; pollution ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; TOBACCO-SMOKE EXPOSURE; BISPHENOL-A CONCENTRATION; PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; RETINOID-X-RECEPTOR; BODY-MASS INDEX; MATERNAL SMOKING; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; ARSENIC EXPOSURE; NICOTINE EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: There has been increasing interest in the concept that exposures to environmental chemicals may be contributing factors to the epidemics of diabetes and obesity. On 11-13 January 2011, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Division of the National Toxicology Program (NTP) organized a workshop to evaluate the current state of the science on these topics of increasing public health concern. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the workshop was to develop recommendations for a research agenda after completing a critical analysis of the literature for humans and experimental animals exposed to certain environmental chemicals. The environmental exposures considered at the workshop were arsenic, persistent organic pollutants, maternal smoking/nicotine, organotins, phthalates, bisphenol A, and pesticides. High-throughput screening data from Toxicology in the 21st Century (Tox21) were also considered as a way to evaluate potential cellular pathways and generate hypotheses for testing which and how certain chemicals might perturb biological processes related to diabetes and obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the review of the existing literature identified linkages between several of the environmental exposures and type 2 diabetes. There was also support for the "developmental obesogen" hypothesis, which suggests that chemical exposures may increase the risk of obesity by altering the differentiation of adipocytes or the development of neural circuits that regulate feeding behavior. The effects may be most apparent when the developmental exposure is combined with consumption of a high-calorie, high-carbohydrate, or high-fat diet later in life. Research on environmental chemical exposures and type 1 diabetes was very limited. This lack of research was considered a critical data gap. In this workshop review, we outline the major themes that emerged from the workshop and discuss activities that NIEHS/NTP is undertaking to address research recommendations. This review also serves as an introduction to an upcoming series of articles that review the literature regarding specific exposures and outcomes in more detail. C1 [Thayer, Kristina A.; Bucher, John R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Heindel, Jerrold J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res, Cellular Organs & Syst Pathobiol Branch, Off Hlth Assessment & Translat,NIH,Dept Hlth & Hu, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gallo, Michael A.] UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Dept Environm & Occupat Med, Piscataway, NJ USA. RP Thayer, KA (reprint author), Off Hlth Assessment & Translat, Natl Toxicol Program, 530 Davis Dr,Room 2154,Mail Drop K2-04, Morrisville, NC 27560 USA. EM thayer@niehs.nih.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/Division of the National Toxicology Program (NTP); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Food and Drug Administration National Center for Toxicological Research FX This review is based on deliberations that occurred at an 11-13 January 2011 workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)/Division of the National Toxicology Program (NTP), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Food and Drug Administration National Center for Toxicological Research. NR 193 TC 184 Z9 190 U1 19 U2 217 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 779 EP 789 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104597 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700016 PM 22296744 ER PT J AU Oken, E Choi, AL Karagas, MR Marien, K Rheinberger, CM Schoeny, R Sunderland, E Korrick, S AF Oken, Emily Choi, Anna L. Karagas, Margaret R. Marien, Koenraad Rheinberger, Christoph M. Schoeny, Rita Sunderland, Elsie Korrick, Susan TI Which Fish Should I Eat? Perspectives Influencing Fish Consumption Choices SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE advisory; economics; fish; methylmercury; nutrition; ocean ecology; polychlorinated biphenyls; polyunsaturated fatty acid; toxicology ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SPORT-CAUGHT FISH; FATTY-ACIDS; MERCURY LEVELS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BOUNDED RATIONALITY; ADVISORY AWARENESS; RISK COMMUNICATION; MINAMATA DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Diverse perspectives have influenced fish consumption choices. OBJECTIVES: We summarized the issue of fish consumption choice from toxicological, nutritional, ecological, and economic points of view; identified areas of overlap and disagreement among these viewpoints; and reviewed effects of previous fish consumption advisories. METHODS: We reviewed published scientific literature, public health guidelines, and advisories related to fish consumption, focusing on advisories targeted at U. S. populations. However, our conclusions apply to groups having similar fish consumption patterns. DISCUSSION: There are many possible combinations of matters related to fish consumption, but few, if any, fish consumption patterns optimize all domains. Fish provides a rich source of protein and other nutrients, but because of contamination by methylmercury and other toxicants, higher fish intake often leads to greater toxicant exposure. Furthermore, stocks of wild fish are not adequate to meet the nutrient demands of the growing world population, and fish consumption choices also have a broad economic impact on the fishing industry. Most guidance does not account for ecological and economic impacts of different fish consumption choices. CONCLUSION: Despite the relative lack of information integrating the health, ecological, and economic impacts of different fish choices, clear and simple guidance is necessary to effect desired changes. Thus, more comprehensive advice can be developed to describe the multiple impacts of fish consumption. In addition, policy and fishery management interventions will be necessary to ensure long-term availability of fish as an important source of human nutrition. C1 [Oken, Emily] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Oken, Emily] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Choi, Anna L.; Sunderland, Elsie; Korrick, Susan] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Karagas, Margaret R.] Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Sect Biostat & Epidemiol, Lebanon, NH USA. [Marien, Koenraad] Washington State Dept Hlth, Olympia, WA USA. [Rheinberger, Christoph M.] Toulouse Sch Econ, Inst Natl Rech Agron, Lab Econ Ressources Nat, Toulouse, France. [Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Korrick, Susan] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Channing Lab,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Oken, E (reprint author), 133 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM emily_oken@hphc.org RI Sunderland, Elsie/D-5511-2014 OI Sunderland, Elsie/0000-0003-0386-9548 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P42 ES007373, ES09797, R01 ES014864, P42 ES016454, P20 ES018175]; National Institutes of Health [R01 ES 016314]; Harvard Clinical Nutrition Research Center [P30-DK04056]; Consortium for Interdisciplinary Environmental Research; State University of New York at Stony Brook; Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute; Swiss National Science Foundation [PBEZP1-131130]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD-83459901]; Harvard School of Public Health-NIEHS Center for Environmental Health [P30 ES00002] FX This article was inspired and shaped by a meeting organized by the Coastal and Marine Mercury Ecosystem Research Collaborative, which is sponsored by grant P42 ES007373 to the Dartmouth College Superfund Research Program from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). E.O. received support from the National Institutes of Health (R01 ES 016314); the Harvard Clinical Nutrition Research Center (P30-DK04056); the Gelfond Fund for Mercury Research and Outreach, Consortium for Interdisciplinary Environmental Research; the State University of New York at Stony Brook; and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute. C. M. R. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under fellowship grant PBEZP1-131130. A. L. C. received support from the NIEHS (ES09797). S. K. received support from the NIEHS (R01 ES014864 and P42 ES016454). S. K. and M. R. K. received support from the NIEHS (P20 ES018175) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; RD-83459901). E. S., S. K., and E.O. received support from the Harvard School of Public Health-NIEHS Center for Environmental Health (P30 ES00002). NR 127 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 9 U2 89 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 790 EP 798 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104500 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700017 PM 22534056 ER PT J AU Karagas, MR Choi, AL Oken, E Horvat, M Schoeny, R Kamai, E Cowell, W Grandjean, P Korrick, S AF Karagas, Margaret R. Choi, Anna L. Oken, Emily Horvat, Milena Schoeny, Rita Kamai, Elizabeth Cowell, Whitney Grandjean, Philippe Korrick, Susan TI Evidence on the Human Health Effects of Low-Level Methylmercury Exposure SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review DE birth outcomes; cardiovascular disease; epidemiology; health outcomes; low-level exposure; metals; methylmercury; neurologic outcomes ID EARLY COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; METHYL MERCURY EXPOSURE; ACUTE CORONARY EVENTS; FISH CONSUMPTION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; RISK-FACTOR; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Methylmercury (MeHg) is a known neurotoxicant. Emerging evidence indicates it may have adverse effects on the neurologic and other body systems at common low levels of exposure. Impacts of MeHg exposure could vary by individual susceptibility or be confounded by beneficial nutrients in fish containing MeHg. Despite its global relevance, synthesis of the available literature on low-level MeHg exposure has been limited. OBJECTIVES: We undertook a synthesis of the current knowledge on the human health effects of low-level MeHg exposure to provide a basis for future research efforts, risk assessment, and exposure remediation policies worldwide. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION: We reviewed the published literature for original human epidemiologic research articles that reported a direct biomarker of mercury exposure. To focus on high-quality studies and those specifically on low mercury exposure, we excluded case series, as well as studies of populations with unusually high fish consumption (e. g., the Seychelles), marine mammal consumption (e. g., the Faroe Islands, circumpolar, and other indigenous populations), or consumption of highly contaminated fish (e. g., gold-mining regions in the Amazon). DATA SYNTHESIS: Recent evidence raises the possibility of effects of low-level MeHg exposure on fetal growth among susceptible subgroups and on infant growth in the first 2 years of life. Low-level effects of MeHg on neurologic outcomes may differ by age, sex, and timing of exposure. No clear pattern has been observed for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk across populations or for specific CVD end points. For the few studies evaluating immunologic effects associated with MeHg, results have been inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS: Studies targeted at identifying potential mechanisms of low-level MeHg effects and characterizing individual susceptibility, sexual dimorphism, and nonlinearity in dose response would help guide future prevention, policy, and regulatory efforts surrounding MeHg exposure. C1 [Karagas, Margaret R.; Kamai, Elizabeth] Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Sect Biostat & Epidemiol, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. [Choi, Anna L.; Grandjean, Philippe; Korrick, Susan] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Oken, Emily] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Oken, Emily] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Horvat, Milena] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Environm Sci, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Cowell, Whitney; Korrick, Susan] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Channing Lab,Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Karagas, MR (reprint author), Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Sect Biostat & Epidemiol, 1 Med Ctr Dr,7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA. EM margaret.r.karagas@dartmouth.edu OI Kamai, Elizabeth Mary/0000-0002-3543-1623; Grandjean, Philippe/0000-0003-4046-9658 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P42 ES007373, P20 ES018175, R01 ES014864, R01 ES09797, P30 ES000002, R01 ES016314]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH [P30 DK040561]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD-83459901] FX Support for this study was provided in part by grants P42 ES007373, P20 ES018175, R01 ES014864, R01 ES09797, P30 ES000002, and R01 ES016314 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH); P30 DK040561 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH; and RD-83459901 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NR 93 TC 179 Z9 181 U1 29 U2 191 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 799 EP 806 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104494 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700018 PM 22275730 ER PT J AU Anenberg, SC Schwartz, J Shindell, D Amann, M Faluvegi, G Klimont, Z Janssens-Maenhout, G Pozzoli, L Van Dingenen, R Vignati, E Emberson, L Muller, NZ West, JJ Williams, M Demkine, V Hicks, WK Kuylenstierna, J Raes, F Ramanathan, V AF Anenberg, Susan C. Schwartz, Joel Shindell, Drew Amann, Markus Faluvegi, Greg Klimont, Zbigniew Janssens-Maenhout, Greet Pozzoli, Luca Van Dingenen, Rita Vignati, Elisabetta Emberson, Lisa Muller, Nicholas Z. West, J. Jason Williams, Martin Demkine, Volodymyr Hicks, W. Kevin Kuylenstierna, Johan Raes, Frank Ramanathan, Veerabhadran TI Global Air Quality and Health Co-benefits of Mitigating Near-Term Climate Change through Methane and Black Carbon Emission Controls SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air quality; climate change; health impact analysis; outdoor air; particulate matter ID MORTALITY; POLLUTION; EXPOSURE; OZONE; STRATEGIES; MATTER; MODEL AB BACKGROUND: Tropospheric ozone and black carbon (BC), a component of fine particulate matter (PM <= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5), are associated with premature mortality and they disrupt global and regional climate. OBJECTIVES: We examined the air quality and health benefits of 14 specific emission control measures targeting BC and methane, an ozone precursor, that were selected because of their potential to reduce the rate of climate change over the next 20-40 years. METHODS: We simulated the impacts of mitigation measures on outdoor concentrations of PM2.5 and ozone using two composition-climate models, and calculated associated changes in premature PM2.5- and ozone-related deaths using epidemiologically derived concentration-response functions. RESULTS: We estimated that, for PM2.5 and ozone, respectively, fully implementing these measures could reduce global population-weighted average surface concentrations by 23-34% and 7-17% and avoid 0.6-4.4 and 0.04-0.52 million annual premature deaths globally in 2030. More than 80% of the health bene-fits are estimated to occur in Asia. We estimated that BC mitigation measures would achieve approximately 98% of the deaths that would be avoided if all BC and methane mitigation measures were implemented, due to reduced BC and associated reductions of non-methane ozone precursor and organic carbon emissions as well as stronger mortality relationships for PM2.5 relative to ozone. Although subject to large uncertainty, these estimates and conclusions are not strongly dependent on assumptions for the concentration-response function. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to climate benefits, our findings indicate that the methane and BC emission control measures would have substantial co-benefits for air quality and public health worldwide, potentially reversing trends of increasing air pollution concentrations and mortality in Africa and South, West, and Central Asia. These projected benefits are independent of carbon dioxide mitigation measures. Benefits of BC measures are under-estimated because we did not account for benefits from reduced indoor exposures and because outdoor exposure estimates were limited by model spatial resolution. C1 [Anenberg, Susan C.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shindell, Drew; Faluvegi, Greg] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Shindell, Drew; Faluvegi, Greg] Columbia Univ, Columbia Earth Inst, New York, NY USA. [Amann, Markus; Klimont, Zbigniew] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. [Janssens-Maenhout, Greet; Pozzoli, Luca; Van Dingenen, Rita; Vignati, Elisabetta; Raes, Frank] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Emberson, Lisa; Hicks, W. Kevin; Kuylenstierna, Johan] Univ York, Dept Environm, Stockholm Environm Inst, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Muller, Nicholas Z.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Econ, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. [West, J. Jason] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Williams, Martin] Kings Coll London, Environm Res Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Demkine, Volodymyr] United Nations Environm Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ramanathan, Veerabhadran] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Anenberg, SC (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW,MC-6301A, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM anenberg.susan@epa.gov RI Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; West, Jason/J-2322-2015; Klimont, Zbigniew/P-7641-2015; OI West, Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987; Klimont, Zbigniew/0000-0003-2630-198X; Pozzoli, Luca/0000-0003-0485-9624 NR 39 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 16 U2 140 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 831 EP 839 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104301 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700023 PM 22418651 ER PT J AU Jiang, R French, JE Stober, VP Kang-Sickel, JCC Zou, F Nylander-French, LA AF Jiang, Rong French, John E. Stober, Vandy P. Kang-Sickel, Juei-Chuan C. Zou, Fei Nylander-French, Leena A. TI Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Skin Naphthyl-Keratin Adduct Levels in Workers Exposed to Naphthalene SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE biomarker; candidate-gene analysis; exposure assessment; genome-wide analysis; jet fuel; naphthalene; relative contribution; single-nucleotide polymorphism; skin keratin adduct ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; JET FUEL JP-8; DERMAL EXPOSURE; GENETIC-VARIATION; RETINOIC ACID; DISEASE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SNPS; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB BACKGROUND: Individual genetic variation that results in differences in systemic response to xenobiotic exposure is not accounted for as a predictor of outcome in current exposure assessment models. OBJECTIVE: We developed a strategy to investigate individual differences in single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genetic markers associated with naphthyl-keratin adduct (NKA) levels measured in the skin of workers exposed to naphthalene. METHODS: The SNP-association analysis was conducted in PLINK using candidate-gene analysis and genome-wide analysis. We identified significant SNP-NKA associations and investigated the potential impact of these SNPs along with personal and workplace factors on NKA levels using a multiple linear regression model and the Pratt index. RESULTS: In candidate-gene analysis, a SNP (rs4852279) located near the CYP26B1 gene contributed to the 2-naphthyl-keratin adduct (2NKA) level. In the multiple linear regression model, the SNP rs4852279, dermal exposure, exposure time, task replacing foam, age, and ethnicity all were significant predictors of 2NKA level. In genome-wide analysis, no single SNP reached genome-wide significance for NKA levels (all p >= 1.05 x 10(-5)). Pathway and network analyses of SNPs associated with NKA levels were predicted to be involved in the regulation of cellular processes and homeo-stasis. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that a quantitative biomarker can be used as an intermediate pheno-type when investigating the association between genetic markers and exposure-dose relationship in a small, well-characterized exposed worker population. C1 [Jiang, Rong; Stober, Vandy P.; Kang-Sickel, Juei-Chuan C.; Nylander-French, Leena A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [French, John E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Zou, Fei] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Nylander-French, LA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, CB 7431,Rosenau Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM leena_french@unc.edu FU U.S. Air Force (Texas Tech University) [1331/0489-01]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P42ES05948]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [T42/CCT422952, T42/008673]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) (Division of Intramural Research) FX This research was supported by the U.S. Air Force (Texas Tech University subcontract 1331/0489-01), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS; P42ES05948 and the Division of Intramural Research), and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (T42/CCT422952 and T42/008673). NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 857 EP 864 DI 10.1289/ehp.1104304 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700026 PM 22391508 ER PT J AU Xu, YY Tokar, EJ Sun, Y Waalkes, MP AF Xu, Yuanyuan Tokar, Erik J. Sun, Yang Waalkes, Michael P. TI Arsenic-Transformed Malignant Prostate Epithelia Can Convert Noncontiguous Normal Stem Cells into an Oncogenic Phenotype SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE arsenic; cancer stem cells; interluekin-6; prostate; stem cells ID ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CANCER; EXPRESSION; STEM/PROGENITOR; PROGENITOR; DELETION; MLL-AF9; BIOLOGY; TISSUES AB BACKGROUND: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are likely critical to carcinogenesis, and, like normal stem cells (NSCs), are affected by microenvironmental factors. Malignant cells release extracellular factors, modifying tumor behavior. Inorganic arsenic, a human carcinogen, is associated with an overproduction of CSCs in various model systems of carcinogenesis. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine if NSCs are influenced by nearby arsenic-transformed malignant epithelial cells (MECs) as a possible factor in arsenic-associated CSC overabundance. METHODS: Transwell noncontact co-culture allowed the study of the effects of non-contiguous, arsenic-transformed prostate MECs on the isogenic human prostate NSC line, WPE-stem. Cancer phenotype was assessed by evaluating secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), invasiveness, colony formation, and spheroid formation. Gene expression was assessed at the protein (Western blot) or mRNA (real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) levels. RESULTS: Noncontact co-culture of MECs and NSCs rapidly (<= 3 weeks) caused hypersecretion of MMPs and marked suppression of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN in NSCs. NSCs co-cultured with MECs also showed increased invasiveness and clonogenicity and formed more free-floating spheroids and highly branched ductal-like structures in Matrigel, all typical for CSCs. MEC co-culture caused dysregulated self-renewal and differentiation-related gene expression patterns and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in NSCs consistent with an acquired cancer phenotype. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a cytokine involved in tumor microenvironment control, was hypersecreted by MECs, and IL-6 exposure of NSCs resulted in the duplication of several responses in NSCs of conversion to CSCs via MEC co-culture (e. g., MMP hypersecretion, decreased PTEN). CONCLUSIONS: Arsenic-transformed MECs recruit nearby NSCs into a cancer phenotype, thereby potentially increasing CSC number. This may be a factor in arsenic-induced CSC overabundance seen in multiple model systems. C1 [Xu, Yuanyuan; Tokar, Erik J.; Sun, Yang; Waalkes, Michael P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program Lab, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Waalkes, MP (reprint author), 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM waalkes@niehs.nih.gov NR 46 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 7 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 120 IS 6 BP 865 EP 871 DI 10.1289/ehp.1204987 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 952BW UT WOS:000304765700027 PM 22472196 ER PT J AU Cohen, JP Field, R Tafuri, AN Ports, MA AF Cohen, Jeffrey P. Field, Richard Tafuri, Anthony N. Ports, Michael A. TI Cost Comparison of Conventional Gray Combined Sewer Overflow Control Infrastructure versus a Green/Gray Combination SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Combined sewer overflow; Green infrastructure; Gray infrastructure AB This paper outlines a life-cycle cost analysis comparing a green (rain gardens) and gray (tunnels) infrastructure combination to a gray-only option to control combined sewer overflow in the Turkey Creek Combined Sewer Overflow Basin in Kansas City, MO. The area of this basin is 2,248 ha (5,554 acres). A set of spreadsheets was developed upon which this life-cycle cost analysis is based. The spreadsheets allow the user to vary the length and/or the diameter of the tunnels. The spreadsheets calculate the additional number of rain gardens needed to handle a given amount of stormwater when the tunnel sizes are reduced. The difference in life-cycle costs between the green/gray and gray-only alternatives is calculated. For a range of options for the number of rain gardens, the green/gray combined alternative is more cost-effective than the gray-only option. The potential present worth of the cost savings for the 50-year expected lifespan of both the gray and green infrastructure could reach as much as $35 million for the Turkey Creek Basin. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000432. (C) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Ports, Michael A.] Ports Engn, Jacksonville, FL 32257 USA. [Cohen, Jeffrey P.] Univ Hartford, Hartford, CT 06117 USA. [Field, Richard; Tafuri, Anthony N.] US EPA, Urban Watershed Management Branch, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Ports, MA (reprint author), Ports Engn, Jacksonville, FL 32257 USA. EM maports@comcast.net OI Cohen, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5467-7584 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described in this paper. This research has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 34 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JUN PY 2012 VL 138 IS 6 BP 534 EP 540 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000432 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 952WM UT WOS:000304825400005 ER PT J AU Topping, JC AF Topping, John C., Jr. TI The Quest: Energy Security and the Remaking of the Modern World SO JOURNAL OF POLICY ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Book Review ID CLIMATE-CHANGE C1 [Topping, John C., Jr.] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0276-8739 J9 J POLICY ANAL MANAG JI J. Policy Anal. Manage. PD SUM PY 2012 VL 31 IS 3 BP 780 EP 784 DI 10.1002/pam.21645 PG 5 WC Economics; Public Administration SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA 958KM UT WOS:000305235400020 ER PT J AU Dykstra, CR Simon, MM Daniel, FB Hays, JL AF Dykstra, Cheryl R. Simon, Melinda M. Daniel, F. Bernard Hays, Jeffrey L. TI HABITATS OF SUBURBAN BARRED OWLS (STRIX VARIA) AND RED-SHOULDERED HAWKS (BUTEO LINEATUS) IN SOUTHWESTERN OHIO SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Barred Owl; Strix varia; Red-shouldered Hawk; Buteo lineatus; habitat; nesting; nest sites; suburban; urban ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; NEST-SITE SELECTION; HOME-RANGE; BOREAL FOREST; SOUTHERN OHIO; RAPTOR; SASKATCHEWAN; ASSOCIATIONS; EXPANSION; PREDATOR AB Little is known about the habitat and ecology of suburban Barred Owls (Strix yaria.), a species sometimes considered the nocturnal equivalent of Red-shouldered Hawks (Buteo lineatus). We compared nesting habitat of Barred Owls to that of Red-shouldered Hawks nesting in suburban and urban areas, in and near the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, to determine whether any features distinguished owl nest sites from hawk nest sites. We characterized habitat and land-cover metrics in circular plots of 100 ha and 15 ha, centered on the owl and hawk nests, using ATtiILa software operating within a GIS environment. For the 100-ha plots, the primary cover type in the plots surrounding nests of both species was forest, 41.4 +/- 3.4% for Barred Owl plots and 45.9 +/- 3.4% for Red-shouldered Hawk plots, followed by low-density residential land: 29.8 +/- 4.8% of the Barred Owl plots and 29.3 +/- 3.7% of the Red-shouldered Hawk plots. Pasture composed < 15% of the plot area for both species and the remainder of the cover types contributed even less. Values of land-cover percentages and metrics did not differ between the species (P > 0.05), for either the large plots or the small (15-ha) plots. Using stepwise binary logit regression analysis, we found that no variables discriminated owl plots from hawk plots. We concluded, based on our methodology, that habitat of suburban Miffed Owls differed little from habitat of suburban Red-shouldered Hawks in southwestern Ohio. C1 [Dykstra, Cheryl R.] Raptor Environm, W Chester, OH 45069 USA. [Daniel, F. Bernard] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hays, Jeffrey L.] RAPTOR Inc, Wyoming, OH 45215 USA. RP Dykstra, CR (reprint author), Raptor Environm, 7280 Susan Springs Dr, W Chester, OH 45069 USA. EM cheryldykstra@juno.com FU CRD; Ohio Biological Survey; RAPTOR, Inc.; Marilyn Arn; Brad and Marcia Lindner FX We are grateful to Ann Wegman and Sandra Stone for assistance with fieldwork, and to Kent Livezey, Associate Editor Joe Buchanan, and three anonymous reviewers for useful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. We thank the many private landowners who reported raptor nests to us and allowed us access to their property, and the volunteers at RAPTOR, Inc., of Cincinnati, for reporting hawk and owl nests and territories to us. The original Red-shouldered Hawk study was supported in part by the appointment of CRD to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the National Exposure Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Additional funding was provided by the Ohio Biological Survey, RAPTOR, Inc., Marilyn Arn, and Brad and Marcia Lindner. NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 31 PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC PI HASTINGS PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA SN 0892-1016 J9 J RAPTOR RES JI J. Raptor Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 46 IS 2 BP 190 EP 200 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 959LF UT WOS:000305313200006 ER PT J AU Robins, NA Hagan, N Halabi, S Hsu-Kim, H Gonzales, RDE Morris, M Woodall, G Richter, DD Heine, P Zhang, T Bacon, A Vandenberg, J AF Robins, Nicholas A. Hagan, Nicole Halabi, Susan Hsu-Kim, Heileen Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario Morris, Mark Woodall, George Richter, Daniel deB. Heine, Paul Zhang, Tong Bacon, Allan Vandenberg, John TI Estimations of historical atmospheric mercury concentrations from mercury refining and present-day soil concentrations of total mercury in Huancavelica, Peru SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Silver; AERMOD; Soils; Huancavelica, Peru ID ALMADEN MINING DISTRICT; CONTAMINATED SITES; SPAIN; FRACTIONATION; GUIZHOU; CHINA; AREA AB Detailed Spanish records of cinnabar mining and mercury production during the colonial period in Huancavelica, Peru were examined to estimate historical health risks to the community from exposure to elemental mercury (Hg) vapor resulting from cinnabar refining operations. Between 1564 and 1810, nearly 17,000 metric tons of Hg were released to the atmosphere in Huancavelica from Hg production. AERMOD was used with estimated emissions and source characteristics to approximate historic atmospheric concentrations of mercury vapor. Modeled 1-hour and long-term concentrations were compared with present-day inhalation reference values for elemental Hg. Estimated 1-hour maximum concentrations for the entire community exceeded present-day occupational inhalation reference values, while some areas closest to the smelters exceeded present-day emergency response guideline levels. Estimated long-term maximum concentrations for the entire community exceeded the EPA Reference Concentration (RfC) by a factor of 30 to 100, with areas closest to the smelters exceeding the RfC by a factor of 300 to 1000. Based on the estimated historical concentrations of Hg vapor in the community, the study also measured the extent of present-day contamination throughout the community through soil sampling and analysis. Total Hg in soils sampled from 20 locations ranged from 1.75 to 698 mg/kg and three adobe brick samples ranging from 47.4 to 284 mg/kg, consistent with other sites of mercury mining and use. The results of the soil sampling indicate that the present-day population of Huancavelica is exposed to levels of mercury from legacy contamination which is currently among the highest worldwide, consequently placing them at potential risk of adverse health outcomes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Robins, Nicholas A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Robins, Nicholas A.; Hagan, Nicole] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Halabi, Susan] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Hsu-Kim, Heileen; Zhang, Tong] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Espinoza Gonzales, Ruben Dario] Environm Hlth Council, Ascension, Huancavelica, Peru. [Morris, Mark] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Woodall, George; Vandenberg, John] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Richter, Daniel deB.; Heine, Paul; Bacon, Allan] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, LSRC, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Robins, NA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hist, Withers Hall 268, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM narobins@ncsu.edu; hagan.nicole@epa.gov; susan.halabi@duke.edu; hsukim@duke.edu; espinozaii@hotmail.com; morris.mark@epa.gov; woodall.george@epa.gov; drichter@duke.edu; pheine@duke.edu; tong.zhang@duke.edu; allan.bacon@duke.edu; vandenberg.john@epa.gov RI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/A-5409-2008; Woodall, George/M-5658-2014; OI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/0000-0003-0675-4308; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development; Duke Global Health Institute FX The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Center for Environmental Assessment and approved for publication. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.; Special thanks to Ted Palma, James Hirtz, James Thurman, and Roger Brode of the U.S. EPA for their support and contributions to this paper. Nicholas Robins additionally thanks Joseph Graff and Diego Ballivian of the Council for the International Exchange of Scholars Fulbright program, and Marcela Inch former Director of the National Archive and Library of Bolivia, and her staff, as well as Ruben Julio Ruiz Ortiz, Director of the Casa Nacional de Moneda, Potosi and Sheila Beltran Lopez, Director of the Museum of the Nacional de Moneda de Potosi, and Martin Crane Sr. and Jr. for their support of this research. Additionally, the authors would like to thank Richard Merrin, Miguel Yepez, and Carolina Aviles of the U.S. Embassy in Peru, for their assistance. Nicholas Robins and Nicole Hagan would jointly like to acknowledge support from Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education fellowships at the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development. This research was supported by a grant from the Duke Global Health Institute. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 426 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.082 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 952LZ UT WOS:000304795300016 PM 22542225 ER PT J AU Pokhrel, LR Silva, T Dubey, B El Badawy, AM Tolaymat, TM Scheuerman, PR AF Pokhrel, Lok R. Silva, Thilini Dubey, Brajesh El Badawy, Amro M. Tolaymat, Thabet M. Scheuerman, Phillip R. TI Rapid screening of aquatic toxicity of several metal-based nanoparticles using the MetPLATE (TM) bioassay SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE beta-galactosidase; MetPLATE (TM) bioassay; Diafiltration; Nanoparticles; Dynamic light scattering ID QUANTUM DOTS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; MANUFACTURED NANOMATERIALS; SURFACE MODIFICATION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; RAINBOW-TROUT; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; ZINC-OXIDE; NANOSILVER; BACTERIA AB Current understanding of potential toxicity of engineered nanomaterials to aquatic microorganisms is limited for risk assessment and management. Here we evaluate if the MetPLATE (TM) test can be used as an effective and rapid screening tool to test for potential aquatic toxicity of various metal-based nanoparticles (NPs). The MetPLATE bioassay is a heavy metal sensitive test based on beta-galactosidase activity in Escherichia coli. Five different types of metal-based NPs were screened for toxicity: (1) citrate coated nAg (Citrate-nanosilver), (2) polyvinylpyrrolidone coated nAg (PVP-nAg), (3) uncoated nZnO, (4) uncoated nTiO(2) and (5) 1-Octadecylamine coated CdSe Quantum Dots (CdSe QDs); and compared with their corresponding ionic salt toxicity. Citrate-nAg was further fractionated into clean Citrate-nAg, unclean Citrate-nAg and permeate using a tangential flow filtration (TFF) system to eliminate residual ions and impurities from the stock Citrate-nAg suspension and also to differentiate between ionic- versus nano-specific toxicity. Our results showed that nAg, nZnO and CdSe QDs were less toxic than their corresponding ionic salts tested, while nano- or ionic form of TiO2 was not toxic as high as 2.5 g L-1 to the MetPLATE (TM) bacteria. Although coating-dependent toxicity was noticeable between two types of Ag NPs evaluated, particle size and surface charge were not adequate to explain the observed toxicity; hence, the toxicity appeared to be material-specific. Overall, the toxicity followed the trend: CdCl2 > AgNO3 > PVP-nAg > unclean Citrate-nAg > clean Citrate-nAg > ZnSO4 > nZnO > CdSe QDs > nTiO(2)/TiO2. These results indicate that an evaluation of beta-galactosidase inhibition in MetPLATE (TM) E. coli can be an important consideration for rapid screening of metal-based NP toxicity, and should facilitate ecological risk assessment of these emerging contaminants. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dubey, Brajesh] Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Pokhrel, Lok R.; Silva, Thilini; Scheuerman, Phillip R.] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. [El Badawy, Amro M.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Dubey, B (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM bdubey@uoguelph.ca RI Dubey, Brajesh/B-9677-2008 OI Dubey, Brajesh/0000-0002-6991-7314 FU ETSU Research Development Council [82064]; Office of Research and Sponsored Program, ETSU [83003] FX The authors would like to thank Michael Coviello of TEM Analysis Services Lab, Azle, TX for his support in TEM characterizations of the nanoparticle samples. We also thank M2B Research & Innovative Technologies, LLC, Gainesville, FL for providing the MetPLATE kit. This research was supported in part by the ETSU Research Development Council Grant # 82064 and the Research Grant # 83003 from the Office of Research and Sponsored Program, ETSU. NR 59 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 426 BP 414 EP 422 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.049 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 952LZ UT WOS:000304795300047 PM 22521164 ER PT J AU Keity, CA Varma, M Sivaganesan, M Haugland, RA Shanks, OC AF Keity, Catherine A. Varma, Manju Sivaganesan, Mano Haugland, Richard A. Shanks, Orin C. TI Distribution of Genetic Marker Concentrations for Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Sewage and Animal Feces SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; WATER-QUALITY; RECREATIONAL WATER; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FRESH-WATER; ASSAYS; BACTEROIDALES; POLLUTION AB Very little is known about the density and distribution of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) genetic markers measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in fecal pollution sources. Before qPCR-based FIB technologies can be applied to waste management and public health risk applications, it is vital to characterize the concentrations of these genetic markers in pollution sources (i.e., untreated wastewater and animal feces). We report the distribution of rRNA genetic markers for several general FIB groups, including Clostridium spp., Escherichia con, enterococci, and Bacteroidales, as determined by qPCR on reference collections consisting of 54 primary influent sewage samples collected from treatment facilities across the United States and fecal samples representing 20 different animal species. Based on raw sewage sample collection data, individual FIB genetic markers exhibited a remarkable similarity in concentration estimates from locations across the United States ranging from Hawaii to Florida. However, there was no significant correlation between genetic markers for most FIB combinations (P > 0.05). In addition, large differences (up to 5 log(10) copies) in the abundance of FIB genetic markers were observed between animal species, emphasizing the importance of indicator microorganism selection and animal source contribution for future FIB applications. C1 [Keity, Catherine A.; Sivaganesan, Mano; Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Varma, Manju; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shanks.orin@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described herein. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 12 BP 4225 EP 4232 DI 10.1128/AEM.07819-11 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 952JJ UT WOS:000304788500022 ER PT J AU Ryu, H Lu, JR Vogel, J Elk, M Chavez-Ramirez, F Ashbolt, N Domingo, JS AF Ryu, Hodon Lu, Jingrang Vogel, Jason Elk, Michael Chavez-Ramirez, Felipe Ashbolt, Nicholas Domingo, Jorge Santo TI Development and Evaluation of a Quantitative PCR Assay Targeting Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) Fecal Pollution SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CAPTIVE WHOOPING-CRANES; WILD BIRDS; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.; GENETIC-MARKERS; SOURCE TRACKING; DIVERSITY; FECES; BACTEROIDALES AB While the microbial water quality in the Platte River is seasonally impacted by excreta from migrating cranes, there are no methods available to study crane fecal contamination. Here we characterized microbial populations in crane feces using phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene fecal clone libraries. Using these sequences, a novel crane quantitative PCR (Crane1) assay was developed, and its applicability as a microbial source tracking (MST) assay was evaluated by determining its host specificity and detection ability in environmental waters. Bacteria from crane excreta were dominated by bacilli and proteobacteria, with a notable paucity of sequences homologous to Bacteroidetes and Clostridia. The Crane1 marker targeted a dominant clade of unclassified Lactobacillales sequences closely related to Catellicoccus marimammalium. The host distribution of the Crane1 marker was relatively high, being positive for 69% (66/96) of the crane excreta samples tested. The assay also showed high host specificity, with 95% of the nontarget fecal samples (i.e., n = 553; 20 different free-range hosts) being negative. Of the presumed crane-impacted water samples (n = 16), 88% were positive for the Crane1 assay, whereas none of the water samples not impacted by cranes were positive (n = 165). Bayesian statistical models of the Crane1 MST marker demonstrated high confidence in detecting true-positive signals and a low probability of false-negative signals from environmental water samples. Altogether, these data suggest that the newly developed marker could be used in environmental monitoring studies to study crane fecal pollution dynamics. C1 [Ryu, Hodon; Elk, Michael; Domingo, Jorge Santo] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lu, Jingrang; Ashbolt, Nicholas] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Vogel, Jason] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Chavez-Ramirez, Felipe] Gulf Coast Bird Observ, Lake Jackson, TX USA. RP Domingo, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. This work has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 78 IS 12 BP 4338 EP 4345 DI 10.1128/AEM.07923-11 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 952JJ UT WOS:000304788500036 PM 22492437 ER PT J AU Tokar, EJ Diwan, BA Thomas, DJ Waalkes, MP AF Tokar, Erik J. Diwan, Bhalchandra A. Thomas, David J. Waalkes, Michael P. TI Tumors and proliferative lesions in adult offspring after maternal exposure to methylarsonous acid during gestation in CD1 mice SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Methylated arsenical; Carcinogenesis; Mice; Transplacental exposure ID UTERO ARSENIC EXPOSURE; INDUCED BLADDER-CANCER; IN-UTERO; POSTNATAL DIETHYLSTILBESTROL; METHYLATED ARSENICALS; DRINKING-WATER; ANIMAL-MODEL; CARCINOGENESIS; MORTALITY; PULMONARY AB Developmental exposure to inorganic arsenic is carcinogenic in humans and mice, and adult offspring of mice exposed to inorganic arsenic can develop tumors of the lung, liver, adrenal, uterus, and ovary. It has been suggested that methylarsonous acid (MMA3+), a product of the biological methylation of inorganic arsenic, could be a key carcinogenic species. Thus, pregnant CD1 mice were provided drinking water containing MMA3+ at 0 (control), 12.5, or 25 parts per million (ppm) from gestational days 8 to 18. Tumors were assessed in groups of male or female (initial n = 25) offspring up to 2 years of age. In utero treatment had no effect on survival or body weights. Female offspring exhibited increases in total epithelial uterine tumors (control 0%; 12.5 ppm 26%; 25 ppm 30%), oviduct hyperplasia (control 4%; 12.5 ppm 35%; 25 ppm 43%), adrenal cortical adenoma at 25 ppm (control 0%; 12.5 ppm 9%; 25 ppm 26%), and total epithelial ovarian tumors (control 0%; 12.5 ppm 39%; 25 ppm 26%). Male offspring showed dose-related increases in hepatocellular carcinoma (control 0%; 12.5 ppm 12%; 25 ppm 22%), adrenal adenoma (control 0%; 12.5 ppm 28%; 25 ppm 17%), and lung adenocarcinoma (control 17%; 12.5 ppm 44%). Male offspring had unusual testicular lesions, including two rete testis carcinomas, two adenomas, and three interstitial cell tumors. Overall, maternal consumption of MMA3+ during pregnancy in CD1 mice produced some similar proliferative lesions as gestationally applied inorganic arsenic in the offspring during adulthood. C1 [Tokar, Erik J.; Waalkes, Michael P.] NIEHS, Inorgan Toxicol Grp, Natl Toxicol Program, Lab Branch,Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tokar, Erik J.; Waalkes, Michael P.] NIEHS, Inorgan Carcinogenesis Sect, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, NCI, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Diwan, Bhalchandra A.] NCI, Basic Res Program, SAIC Frederick, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. [Thomas, David J.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Waalkes, MP (reprint author), NIEHS, Inorgan Toxicol Grp, Natl Toxicol Program, Lab Branch,Div Natl Toxicol Program, 111 Alexander Dr,POB 12233,MD E1-07, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM waalkes@niehs.nih.gov FU NIEHS; NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health [HHSN261200800001E] FX The authors wish to thank Drs. Jon Freedman, Dan Morgan, Nigel Walker, and John Bucher for critical evaluation of this manuscript, Dr. Jerry Ward for assistance in pathological assessments, and Dan Logsdon and the Pathology and Histotechnology Laboratory of SAIC Frederick for expert technical assistance. This research was supported in part by the National Toxicology Program, NIEHS, and by the Intramural Research program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the NIEHS, National Institutes of Health (NIH). However, the statements contained herein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions, or conclusions of the NIEHS, NIH, or the US Government. This manuscript has been reviewed in accordance with the policy of the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This project was also supported in part by federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under contract HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or the policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0340-5761 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 SI SI BP 975 EP 982 DI 10.1007/s00204-012-0820-8 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 953NJ UT WOS:000304875000014 PM 22398986 ER PT J AU Pouliot, G Pierce, T van der Gon, HD Schaap, M Moran, M Nopmongcol, U AF Pouliot, George Pierce, Thomas van der Gon, Hugo Denier Schaap, Martijn Moran, Michael Nopmongcol, Uarporn TI Comparing emission inventories and model-ready emission datasets between Europe and North America for the AQMEII project SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE AQMEII; Regional air quality models; Emission inventories AB This paper highlights the similarities and differences in how emission inventories and datasets were developed and processed across North America and Europe for the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) project and then characterizes the emissions for the two domains. We focus specifically on the creation of "model-ready" gridded emission datasets for 2006 across the two continental study domains. The practice of creating and processing the two inventories is discussed with a focus on emission factors, spatial allocation, temporal variability, speciation of PM and VOCs, and the mechanics of distributing the data and supporting emission algorithms to the modeling community. The spatial and temporal distribution on common scales is compared for the pollutants of primary concern: NOx, VOCs, SO2, PM2.5, CO, and NH3. Because of differences of population distribution, emissions across North America tend to be more heterogeneous in spatial coverage than in Europe. The temporal patterns in the estimated emissions are largely the result of assumptions used to characterize human activity, with the exception of "natural" emissions, which are modulated by meteorological variability, and emissions from large electric generating units in the U.S., which have the benefit of continuous emission monitors that provide hourly resolved profiles. Emission estimates in both study domains are challenged by several important but poorly characterized emission source sectors, notably road dust, agricultural operations, biomass burning, and road transport. Finally, this paper provides insight on the strengths and weaknesses of emission inventory preparation practices on both continents. One important outcome of this comparison of 2006 emissions between Europe and North America is the greater understanding provided into how the emission estimates developed for the AQMEII project impact regional air quality model performance. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pouliot, George; Pierce, Thomas] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [van der Gon, Hugo Denier; Schaap, Martijn] TNO Environm & Geosci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Moran, Michael] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Nopmongcol, Uarporn] ENVIRON Corp, Novato, CA USA. RP Pouliot, G (reprint author), USEPA MD E243 04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pouliot.george@epa.gov OI Pouliot, George/0000-0003-3406-4814 FU AQMEII; MACC European Union [218793] FX This work was conducted under the auspices of the AQMEII project (http://aqmeii.jrc.ec.europa.eu/aqmeii2.htm) under the leadership of S.T. Rao (USEPA) and Stefano Galmarini (Joint Research Center, European Union). Contributions to the North American emission inventory were made by the Computer Sciences Corporation in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The authors also wish to thank K. Foley in helping to create plots using the R software package. Research leading to the European emission inventory was partly funded by the MACC European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement no. 218793. A. Visschedijk, J. Kuenen and R. van Gijlswijk (TNO) are thanked for their part in preparing the European emission inventory. Although this manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect the policy or views of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, TNO, Environment Canada, or the Environ Corporation. NR 23 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 3 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 4 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.12.041 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800002 ER PT J AU Vautard, R Moran, MD Solazzo, E Gilliam, RC Matthias, V Bianconi, R Chemel, C Ferreira, J Geyer, B Hansen, AB Jericevic, A Prank, M Segers, A Silver, JD Werhahn, J Wolke, R Rao, ST Galmarini, S AF Vautard, Robert Moran, Michael D. Solazzo, Efisio Gilliam, Robert C. Matthias, Volker Bianconi, Roberto Chemel, Charles Ferreira, Joana Geyer, Beate Hansen, Ayoe B. Jericevic, Amela Prank, Marje Segers, Arjo Silver, Jeremy D. Werhahn, Johannes Wolke, Ralf Rao, S. T. Galmarini, Stefano TI Evaluation of the meteorological forcing used for the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) air quality simulations SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality modeling; Ensemble modeling; Meteorological modeling; Model evaluation ID LAND-SURFACE MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; MULTISCALE GEM MODEL; PART I; REGIONAL-SCALE; CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION; VERTICAL DIFFUSION; DATA ASSIMILATION; MESOSCALE MODEL AB Accurate regional air pollution simulation relies strongly on the accuracy of the mesoscale meteorological simulation used to drive the air quality model. The framework of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII), which involved a large international community of modeling groups in Europe and North America, offered a unique opportunity to evaluate the skill of mesoscale meteorological models for two continents for the same period. More than 20 groups worldwide participated in AQMEII, using several meteorological and chemical transport models with different configurations. The evaluation has been performed over a full year (2006) for both continents. The focus for this particular evaluation was meteorological parameters relevant to air quality processes such as transport and mixing, chemistry, and surface fluxes. The unprecedented scale of the exercise (one year, two continents) allowed us to examine the general characteristics of meteorological models' skill and uncertainty. In particular, we found that there was a large variability between models or even model versions in predicting key parameters such as surface shortwave radiation. We also found several systematic model biases such as wind speed overestimations, particularly during stable conditions. We conclude that major challenges still remain in the simulation of meteorology, such as nighttime meteorology and cloud/radiation processes, for air quality simulation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vautard, Robert] CEA CNRS UVSQ, IPSL Lab, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Moran, Michael D.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Solazzo, Efisio; Galmarini, Stefano] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Ispra, Italy. [Gilliam, Robert C.; Rao, S. T.] US Environm Protect Agcy Res, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Matthias, Volker; Geyer, Beate] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Inst Coastal Res, Leipzig, Germany. [Bianconi, Roberto] Enviroware Srl, I-20863 Concorezzo, MB, Italy. [Chemel, Charles] Univ Hertfordshire, NCAS, CAIR, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Ferreira, Joana] Univ Aveiro, CESAM, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. [Ferreira, Joana] Univ Aveiro, Dept Environm & Planning, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. [Hansen, Ayoe B.; Silver, Jeremy D.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Atmospher Environm, Natl Environm Res Inst, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Jericevic, Amela] Meteorol & Hydrol Serv Croatia, Zagreb, Croatia. [Prank, Marje] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Segers, Arjo] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, Earth Environm & Life Sci, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands. [Werhahn, Johannes] Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Wolke, Ralf] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. RP Vautard, R (reprint author), CEA CNRS UVSQ, IPSL Lab, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM robert.vautard@lsce.ipsl.fr RI Ferreira, Joana/A-8277-2012; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; CESAM, UA/M-3762-2015; OI Ferreira, Joana/0000-0002-9438-4185; Silver, Jeremy David/0000-0003-1502-6249; solazzo, efisio/0000-0002-6333-1101 FU Center for Energy, Environment and Health; Danish Strategic Research Program on Sustainable Energy [2104-06-0027]; national AQMEII FX The authors would like to acknowledge the following data providers. NOAA and Environment Canada provided North American surface meteorological data from national monitoring networks. The Data Support Section of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado provided European surface meteorological data. The WMO World Ozone and Ultraviolet Data Centre (WOUDC) and its data-contributing agencies provided vertical meteorological profiles from both the North American and European ozonesonde networks. PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University (http://www.prismclimate.org) provided the gridded observed precipitation. Boundary layer height data from radiosoundings at Lindenberg for 2006 have been kindly provided by Frank Beyrich from Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg - Richard-Assmann-Observatory of the German Meteorological Service (DWD). The authors would also like to thank following individuals for their assistance: Junhua Zhang and Radenko Pavlovic of Environment Canada, Ana Isabel Miranda and Alexandra Monteiro of the University of Aveiro, Luksa Kraljevic from the meteorological service in Croatia, and Anna Carlin Benedictow. The present study is partially funded by the Center for Energy, Environment and Health, financed by The Danish Strategic Research Program on Sustainable Energy under contract no 2104-06-0027. French teams acknowledge the LEFE/CHAT program of the Institut National de Sciences de l'Univers (INSU) through the support of the national AQMEII.fr project grant. NR 95 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 5 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 15 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.065 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800003 ER PT J AU Schere, K Flemming, J Vautard, R Chemel, C Colette, A Hogrefe, C Bessagnet, B Meleux, F Mathur, R Roselle, S Hu, RM Sokhi, RS Rao, ST Galmarini, S AF Schere, Kenneth Flemming, Johannes Vautard, Robert Chemel, Charles Colette, Augustin Hogrefe, Christian Bessagnet, Bertrand Meleux, Frederik Mathur, Rohit Roselle, Shawn Hu, Rong-Ming Sokhi, Ranjeet S. Rao, S. Trivikrama Galmarini, Stefano TI Trace gas/aerosol boundary concentrations and their impacts on continental-scale AQMEII modeling domains SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality modeling; Boundary concentrations; Model evaluation; AQMEII; GEMS ID CHEMISTRY; OZONE; TRANSPORT; POLLUTION; AEROSOLS; PROJECT AB Over twenty modeling groups are participating in the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) in which a variety of mesoscale photochemical and aerosol air quality modeling systems are being applied to continental-scale domains in North America and Europe for 2006 full-year simulations for model inter-comparisons and evaluations. To better understand the reasons for differences in model results among these participating groups, each group was asked to use the same source of emissions and boundary concentration data for their simulations. This paper describes the development and application of the boundary concentration data for this AQMEII modeling exercise. The European project known as GEMS (Global and regional Earth-system Monitoring using Satellite and in-situ data) has produced global-scale re-analyses of air quality for several years, including 2006 (http://gems.ecmwf.int). The GEMS trace gas and aerosol data were made available at 3-hourly intervals on a regular latitude/longitude grid of approximately 1.9 degrees resolution within 2 "cut-outs" from the global model domain. One cut-out was centered over North America and the other over Europe, covering sufficient spatial domain for each modeling group to extract the necessary time- and space-varying (horizontal and vertical) concentrations for their mesoscale model boundaries. Examples of the impact of these boundary concentrations on the AQMEII continental simulations are presented to quantify the sensitivity of the simulations to boundary concentrations. In addition, some participating groups were not able to use the GEMS data and instead relied upon other sources for their boundary concentration specifications. These are noted, and the contrasting impacts of other data sources for boundary data are presented. How one specifies four-dimensional boundary concentrations for mesoscale air quality simulations can have a profound impact on the model results, and hence, this aspect of data preparation must be performed with considerable care. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schere, Kenneth; Mathur, Rohit; Roselle, Shawn; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Flemming, Johannes] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Vautard, Robert] CEA CNRS UVSQ, IPSL, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chemel, Charles] Univ Hertfordshire, NCAS, CAIR, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Colette, Augustin; Bessagnet, Bertrand; Meleux, Frederik] Inst Natl Environm Ind & Risques INERIS, Verneuil En Halatte, France. [Hogrefe, Christian] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Bur Air Qual Anal & Res, Albany, NY 12233 USA. [Galmarini, Stefano] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. RP Schere, K (reprint author), US EPA E243 02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM schere.kenneth@epa.gov RI Bessagnet, Bertrand/O-2969-2016 OI Bessagnet, Bertrand/0000-0003-2062-4681 FU Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers in France through the AQMEII.fr; SALUT'AIR; PRI-MEQUAL FX In addition to the data sources and organizations acknowledged in the Foreword to this AQMEII Special Issue, we would like to note that the Mace Head O3 data were obtained from the Defra UK Air Information Resource (UK AIR, http://uk-air.defra.gov.uk). Participation in this AQMEII study by IPSL and INERIS was supported by the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers in France through the AQMEII.fr project, and the SALUT'AIR program funded by PRI-MEQUAL. A special note of appreciation is extended to the staff and collaborators in the GEMS project within the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and other participating organizations for making possible the use of GEMS air quality re-analysis data in the AQMEII project, and for helping process and explain the data details. Thanks are extended to Angela Benedetti, Johannes Kaiser, Jean-Jacques Morcrette, and Adrian Simmons (ECMWF); Martin Schultz (FZ-Julich); Vincent-Henri Peuch (Meteo-France); Darius Ceburnis (National University of Ireland); and Chris Nolte (U.S. EPA). The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or any other organization participating in the AQMEII project. This manuscript has been subjected to U.S. EPA review and approved for publication. NR 39 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 38 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.043 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800004 ER PT J AU Galmarini, S Bianconi, R Appel, W Solazzo, E Mosca, S Grossi, P Moran, M Schere, K Rao, ST AF Galmarini, S. Bianconi, R. Appel, W. Solazzo, E. Mosca, S. Grossi, P. Moran, M. Schere, K. Rao, S. T. TI ENSEMBLE and AMET: Two systems and approaches to a harmonized, simplified and efficient facility for air quality models development and evaluation SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Model evaluation; Model community; Monitoring information; Information technology ID VALIDATION AB The complexity of air quality modeling systems, air quality monitoring data make ad-hoc systems for model evaluation important aids to the modeling community. Among those are the ENSEMBLE system developed by the EC-Joint Research Center, and the AMET software developed by the US-EPA. These independent systems provide two examples of state of the art tools to support model evaluation. The two systems are described here mostly from the point of view of the support to air quality model users or developers rather than the technological point of view. While ENSEMBLE is a web based platform for model evaluation that allows the collection, share and treatment of model results as well as monitoring data, AMET is a standalone tool that works directly on single model data. The complementarity of the two approaches makes the two systems optimal for operational, diagnostic and probabilistic evaluations. ENSEMBLE and AMET have been extended in occasion of the AQMEII two-continent exercise and the new developments are described in this paper, together with those foreseen for the future. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Galmarini, S.; Solazzo, E.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. [Bianconi, R.; Mosca, S.; Grossi, P.] Enviroware Srl, Concorezzo, MB, Italy. [Appel, W.; Schere, K.; Rao, S. T.] US EPA, Atmospher Modelling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Moran, M.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Galmarini, S (reprint author), European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. EM stefano.galmarini@jrc.it OI solazzo, efisio/0000-0002-6333-1101 FU INSUCNRS (France); Meteo-France; Forschungszentrum (FZJ, Julich, Germany) FX The authors would like to thank Dr C. Hogrefe (Bureau of Air Quality Analysis and Research, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation) for his constant support and advice on the collection and harmonization of monitoring information and Drs R. Gilliam (US-EPA) and J. Zhang (Environment Canada) for their contribution in data preparation. The authors also acknowledge for the strong support of the European Commission, Airbus, and the Airlines (Lufthansa, Austrian, Air France) who carry free of charge the MOZAIC equipment and perform the maintenance since 1994. MOZAIC is presently funded by INSUCNRS (France), Meteo-France, and Forschungszentrum (FZJ, Julich, Germany). The MOZAIC data based is supported by ETHER (CNES and INSU-CNRS). NR 20 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.076 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800005 ER PT J AU Solazzo, E Bianconi, R Vautard, R Appel, KW Moran, MD Hogrefe, C Bessagnet, B Brandt, J Christensen, JH Chemel, C Coll, I van der Gon, HD Ferreira, J Forkel, R Francis, XV Grell, G Grossi, P Hansen, AB Jericevic, A Kraljevic, L Miranda, AI Nopmongcol, U Pirovano, G Prank, M Riccio, A Sartelet, KN Schaap, M Silver, JD Sokhi, RS Vira, J Werhahn, J Wolke, R Yarwood, G Zhang, JH Rao, ST Galmarini, S AF Solazzo, Efisio Bianconi, Roberto Vautard, Robert Appel, K. Wyat Moran, Michael D. Hogrefe, Christian Bessagnet, Bertrand Brandt, Jorgen Christensen, Jesper H. Chemel, Charles Coll, Isabelle van der Gon, Hugo Denier Ferreira, Joana Forkel, Renate Francis, Xavier V. Grell, George Grossi, Paola Hansen, Ayoe B. Jericevic, Amela Kraljevic, Luksa Miranda, Ana Isabel Nopmongcol, Uarporn Pirovano, Guido Prank, Marje Riccio, Angelo Sartelet, Karine N. Schaap, Martijn Silver, Jeremy D. Sokhi, Ranjeet S. Vira, Julius Werhahn, Johannes Wolke, Ralf Yarwood, Greg Zhang, Junhua Rao, S. Trivikrama Galmarini, Stefano TI Model evaluation and ensemble modelling of surface-level ozone in Europe and North America in the context of AQMEII SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE AQMEII; Clustering; Error minimization; Multi-model ensemble; Ozone; Model evaluation ID AIR-QUALITY MODELS; INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVE AQMEII; UNITED-STATES; BIOGENIC EMISSIONS; WESTERN-EUROPE; DISPERSION; SYSTEM; SIMULATIONS; SCALE; RADIONUCLIDES AB More than ten state-of-the-art regional air quality models have been applied as part of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII). These models were run by twenty independent groups in Europe and North America. Standardised modelling outputs over a full year (2006) from each group have been shared on the web-distributed ENSEMBLE system, which allows for statistical and ensemble analyses to be performed by each group. The estimated ground-level ozone mixing ratios from the models are collectively examined in an ensemble fashion and evaluated against a large set of observations from both continents. The scale of the exercise is unprecedented and offers a unique opportunity to investigate methodologies for generating skilful ensembles of regional air quality models outputs. Despite the remarkable progress of ensemble air quality modelling over the past decade, there are still outstanding questions regarding this technique. Among them, what is the best and most beneficial way to build an ensemble of members? And how should the optimum size of the ensemble be determined in order to capture data variability as well as keeping the error low? These questions are addressed here by looking at optimal ensemble size and quality of the members. The analysis carried out is based on systematic minimization of the model error and is important for performing diagnostic/probabilistic model evaluation. It is shown that the most commonly used multi-model approach, namely the average over all available members, can be outperformed by subsets of members optimally selected in terms of bias, error, and correlation. More importantly, this result does not strictly depend on the skill of the individual members, but may require the inclusion of low-ranking skill-score members. A clustering methodology is applied to discern among members and to build a skilful ensemble based on model association and data clustering, which makes no use of priori knowledge of model skill. Results show that, while the methodology needs further refinement, by optimally selecting the cluster distance and association criteria, this approach can be useful for model applications beyond those strictly related to model evaluation, such as air quality forecasting. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Solazzo, Efisio; Galmarini, Stefano] European Commiss, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. [Bianconi, Roberto; Grossi, Paola] Enviroware Srl, Concorezzo, MB, Italy. [Vautard, Robert] CEA CNRS UVSQ, IPSL LSCE Lab, Paris, France. [Nopmongcol, Uarporn; Yarwood, Greg] Environ Int Corp, Novato, CA USA. [Sartelet, Karine N.] Univ Paris Est, CEREA, Joint Lab, Ecole Ponts ParisTech EDF R&D, Paris, France. [Bessagnet, Bertrand; Pirovano, Guido] Natl Inst Ind Environm & Risks, INERIS, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France. [Pirovano, Guido] Ric Sistema Energet RSE SpA, Milan, Italy. [Ferreira, Joana; Miranda, Ana Isabel] Univ Aveiro, CESAM, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. [Ferreira, Joana; Miranda, Ana Isabel] Univ Aveiro, Dept Environm & Planning, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. [Appel, K. Wyat; Hogrefe, Christian; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modelling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Chemel, Charles] Univ Hertfordshire, NCAS, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Chemel, Charles; Francis, Xavier V.; Sokhi, Ranjeet S.] Univ Hertfordshire, CAIR, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Wolke, Ralf] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Leipzig, Germany. [Moran, Michael D.; Zhang, Junhua] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Coll, Isabelle] Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, UMR 7583, IPSL LISA, Paris, France. [Coll, Isabelle] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Brandt, Jorgen; Christensen, Jesper H.; Hansen, Ayoe B.; Silver, Jeremy D.] Aarhus Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Jericevic, Amela; Kraljevic, Luksa] Meteorol & Hydrol Serv, Zagreb, Croatia. [Grell, George] NOAA, CIRES, ESRL, GSD, Boulder, CO USA. [Prank, Marje; Vira, Julius] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [van der Gon, Hugo Denier; Schaap, Martijn] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Riccio, Angelo] Univ Naples Parthenope, Dept Appl Sci, Naples, Italy. RP Solazzo, E (reprint author), European Commiss, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. EM efisio.solazzo@jrc.ec.europa.eu RI Ferreira, Joana/A-8277-2012; Christensen, Jesper /E-9524-2011; Bessagnet, Bertrand/O-2969-2016; CESAM, UA/M-3762-2015; Sartelet, Karine/A-6430-2011; Brandt, Jorgen/B-3733-2011; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013; grell, georg/B-6234-2015; Riccio, Angelo/F-7795-2012 OI solazzo, efisio/0000-0002-6333-1101; Ferreira, Joana/0000-0002-9438-4185; Christensen, Jesper /0000-0002-6741-5839; Bessagnet, Bertrand/0000-0003-2062-4681; Miranda, Ana/0000-0001-5807-5820; Silver, Jeremy David/0000-0003-1502-6249; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X; grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742; Riccio, Angelo/0000-0001-7775-5565 FU Danish Strategic Research Program [2104-06-0027 (CEEH)] FX The work carried out with the DEHM model was supported by The Danish Strategic Research Program under contract no 2104-06-0027 (CEEH). Homepage: www.ceeh.dk. NR 56 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 60 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.003 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800006 ER PT J AU Solazzo, E Bianconi, R Pirovano, G Matthias, V Vautard, R Moran, MD Appel, KW Bessagnet, B Brandt, J Christensen, JH Chemel, C Coll, I Ferreira, J Forkel, R Francis, XV Grell, G Grossi, P Hansen, AB Miranda, AI Nopmongcol, U Prank, M Sartelet, KN Schaap, M Silver, JD Sokhi, RS Vira, J Werhahn, J Wolke, R Yarwood, G Zhang, JH Rao, ST Galmarini, S AF Solazzo, Efisio Bianconi, Roberto Pirovano, Guido Matthias, Volker Vautard, Robert Moran, Michael D. Appel, K. Wyat Bessagnet, Bertrand Brandt, Jorgen Christensen, Jesper H. Chemel, Charles Coll, Isabelle Ferreira, Joana Forkel, Renate Francis, Xavier V. Grell, Georg Grossi, Paola Hansen, Ayoe B. Miranda, Ana Isabel Nopmongcol, Uarporn Prank, Marje Sartelet, Karine N. Schaap, Martijn Silver, Jeremy D. Sokhi, Ranjeet S. Vira, Julius Werhahn, Johannes Wolke, Ralf Yarwood, Greg Zhang, Junhua Rao, S. Trivikrama Galmarini, Stefano TI Operational model evaluation for particulate matter in Europe and North America in the context of AQMEII SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE AQMEII; Regional air quality model; Particulate matter; Model evaluation; PM2.5 speciation ID QUALITY CMAQ MODEL; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; REGIONAL AIR-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; BIOGENIC EMISSIONS; CONTINENTAL-SCALE; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; SIMULATION; ENSEMBLE AB Ten state-of-the-science regional air quality (AQ) modeling systems have been applied to continental-scale domains in North America and Europe for full-year simulations of 2006 in the context of Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII), whose main goals are model intercomparison and evaluation. Standardised modeling outputs from each group have been shared on the web-distributed ENSEMBLE system, which allows statistical and ensemble analyses to be performed. In this study, the one-year model simulations are inter-compared and evaluated with a large set of observations for ground-level particulate matter (PK10 and PM2.5) and its chemical components. Modeled concentrations of gaseous PM precursors, SO2 and NO2, have also been evaluated against observational data for both continents. Furthermore, modeled deposition (dry and wet) and emissions of several species relevant to PM are also inter-compared. The unprecedented scale of the exercise (two continents, one full year, fifteen modeling groups) allows for a detailed description of AQ model skill and uncertainty with respect to PM. Analyses of PM10 yearly time series and mean diurnal cycle show a large underestimation throughout the year for the AQ models included in AQMEII. The possible causes of PM bias, including errors in the emissions and meteorological inputs (e.g., wind speed and precipitation), and the calculated deposition are investigated. Further analysis of the coarse PM components, PM2.5 and its major components (SO4, NH4, NO3, elemental carbon), have also been performed, and the model performance for each component evaluated against measurements. Finally, the ability of the models to capture high PM concentrations has been evaluated by examining two separate PM2.5 episodes in Europe and North America. A large variability among models in predicting emissions, deposition, and concentration of PM and its precursors during the episodes has been found. Major challenges still remain with regards to identifying and eliminating the sources of PM bias in the models. Although PM2.5 was found to be much better estimated by the models than PM10, no model was found to consistently match the observations for all locations throughout the entire year. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Solazzo, Efisio; Galmarini, Stefano] European Commiss, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. [Bianconi, Roberto; Grossi, Paola] Enviroware Srl, Concorezzo, MB, Italy. [Vautard, Robert] CEA CNRS UVSQ, IPSL LSCE Lab, Paris, France. [Nopmongcol, Uarporn; Yarwood, Greg] Environ Int Corp, Novato, CA USA. [Sartelet, Karine N.] Univ Paris Est, CEREA, Joint Lab, Ecole Ponts ParisTech EDF R&D, Paris, France. [Pirovano, Guido; Bessagnet, Bertrand] Natl Inst Ind Environm & Risks, INERIS, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France. [Pirovano, Guido] Ric Sistema Energet RSE SpA, Milan, Italy. [Ferreira, Joana; Miranda, Ana Isabel] Univ Aveiro, CESAM, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. [Ferreira, Joana; Miranda, Ana Isabel] Univ Aveiro, Dept Environm & Planning, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal. [Appel, K. Wyat; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Forkel, Renate; Werhahn, Johannes] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK IFU, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Chemel, Charles] Univ Hertfordshire, NCAS, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Chemel, Charles; Francis, Xavier V.; Sokhi, Ranjeet S.] Univ Hertfordshire, CAIR, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Wolke, Ralf] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Leipzig, Germany. [Moran, Michael D.; Zhang, Junhua] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Coll, Isabelle] Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, UMR 7583, IPSL LISA, Paris, France. [Coll, Isabelle] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Brandt, Jorgen; Christensen, Jesper H.; Hansen, Ayoe B.; Silver, Jeremy D.] Aarhus Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Matthias, Volker] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Inst Coastal Res, Geesthacht, Germany. [Grell, Georg] NOAA, ESRL, GSD, Boulder, CO USA. [Prank, Marje; Vira, Julius] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Schaap, Martijn] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res TNO, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Solazzo, E (reprint author), European Commiss, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. EM efisio.solazzo@jrc.ec.europa.eu RI Ferreira, Joana/A-8277-2012; Christensen, Jesper /E-9524-2011; Brandt, Jorgen/B-3733-2011; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Bessagnet, Bertrand/O-2969-2016; CESAM, UA/M-3762-2015; Sartelet, Karine/A-6430-2011; Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014; grell, georg/B-6234-2015 OI solazzo, efisio/0000-0002-6333-1101; Ferreira, Joana/0000-0002-9438-4185; Christensen, Jesper /0000-0002-6741-5839; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X; Bessagnet, Bertrand/0000-0003-2062-4681; Miranda, Ana/0000-0001-5807-5820; Silver, Jeremy David/0000-0003-1502-6249; grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742 FU Danish Strategic Research Program on Sustainable Energy [2104-06-0027 (CEEH)]; RSE; Italian Ministry of Economic Development FX The work carried out with the DEHM model was supported by The Danish Strategic Research Program on Sustainable Energy under contract no 2104-06-0027 (CEEH). Homepage: www.ceeh.dk. The RSE contribution to this work has been partially financed by the Research Fund for the Italian Electrical System under the Contract Agreement between RSE and the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (Decree of March 19th, 2009). NR 91 TC 74 Z9 78 U1 5 U2 44 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 75 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.045 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800007 ER PT J AU Appel, KW Chemel, C Roselle, SJ Francis, XV Hu, RM Sokhi, RS Rao, ST Galmarini, S AF Appel, K. Wyat Chemel, Charles Roselle, Shawn J. Francis, Xavier V. Hu, Rong-Ming Sokhi, Ranjeet S. Rao, S. T. Galmarini, Stefano TI Examination of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model performance over the North American and European domains SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE CMAQ; Ozone; Particulate matter; Air quality modeling; Model evaluation; AQMEII ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; PART I; SYSTEM AB The CMAQ modeling system has been used to simulate the air quality for North America and Europe for the entire year of 2006 as part of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII). The operational model performance of tropospheric ozone (O-3), fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and total particulate matter (PM10) for the two continents has been assessed. The model underestimates daytime (8am-8pm LST) O-3 mixing ratios by 13% in the winter for North America, primarily due to an underestimation of daytime O-3 mixing ratios in the middle and lower troposphere from the lateral boundary conditions. The model overestimates winter daytime O-3 mixing ratios in Europe by an average of 8.4%. The model underestimates daytime O-3 by 4-5% in the spring for both continents, while in the summer daytime O-3 is overestimated by 9.8% for North America and slightly underestimated by 1.6% for Europe. The model overestimates daytime O-3 in the fall for both continents, grossly overestimating daytime O-3 by over 30% for Europe. The performance for PM2.5 varies both seasonally and geographically for the two continents. For North American, PM2.5 is overestimated in the winter and fall, with an average Normalized Mean Bias (NMB) greater than 30%, while performance in the summer is relatively good, with an average NMB of -4.6%. For Europe, PM2.5 is underestimated throughout the entire year, with the NMB ranging from -24% in the fall to -55% in the winter. PM10 is underestimated throughout the year for both North America and Europe, with remarkably similar performance for both continents. The domain average NMB for PK10 ranges between -45% and -65% for the two continents, with the largest underestimation occurring in the summer for North American and the winter for Europe. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Appel, K. Wyat; Roselle, Shawn J.; Rao, S. T.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Chemel, Charles] Univ Hertfordshire, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Ctr Atmospher & Instrumentat Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Galmarini, Stefano] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. RP Appel, KW (reprint author), US EPA E243 04, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM appel.wyat@epa.gov FU University of Hertfordshire under the TEMPO FX The authors would like to extend a special note of thanks to the Computer Sciences Corporation for performing the WRF simulation, emissions processing and CMAQ model simulations for North America. This work was partially supported by the University of Hertfordshire under the TEMPO project awarded through its Small Research Grants Competition. We would like to thank Guido Pirovano (INERIS, France and RSE, Milan, Italy) for his help in setting up AMET for Europe. NR 24 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 142 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.11.016 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800011 ER PT J AU Gilliam, RC Godowitch, JM Rao, ST AF Gilliam, Robert C. Godowitch, James M. Rao, S. Trivikrama TI Improving the horizontal transport in the lower troposphere with four dimensional data assimilation SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Pollution transport; Observational uncertainty; Wind speed and direction errors; Nocturnal low-level jet; Four-dimensional data assimilation (FDDA); Air quality modeling ID MESOSCALE METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; AIR-QUALITY SIMULATIONS; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; MID-ATLANTIC STATES; RADAR WIND PROFILES; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; PART II; BIRD MIGRATION; UNITED-STATES AB The physical processes involved in air quality modeling are governed by dynamically-generated meteorological model fields. This research focuses on reducing the uncertainty in the horizontal transport in the lower troposphere by improving the four dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) strategy in retrospective meteorological modeling. In particular, characterization of winds in the nocturnal low-level jet and overlying residual layer is crucial to accurately model regional-scale ozone transport in the key airsheds of the US. Since model errors in wind speed and direction lead to spatial displacements of pollution plumes, observations not routinely used in previous retrospective modeling are introduced through FDDA in an effort to help reduce this transport uncertainty. Prior to the main modeling sensitivity, an observational uncertainty analysis was pursued to identify uncertainties in the wind speed and direction in the lower 1-km of the troposphere that are inherent in the observational data sets used in FDDA. Comparisons of observations among various platforms (radar wind profilers, radiosonde soundings and weather radar profiles) taken in close proximity revealed that an uncertainty of approximately 1.8 m s(-1) for wind speed and about 20 for wind direction was intrinsic to the measurements. In the modeling sensitivities, some minimal improvement of modeled winds within the convective planetary boundary layer (PBL) was found when surface analysis nudging of wind was eliminated. Improvements in the nocturnal jet and residual layer winds at night are demonstrated as a reaction to the use of new observations in the data assimilation in layers above the stable PBL. There is also evidence that the assimilated observations above the convective PBL during the day led to improvements of winds within the PBL, which may relieve the need of nudging within the PBL, including surface analysis nudging. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gilliam, Robert C.; Godowitch, James M.; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gilliam, RC (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy E243 04, 4930 Page Rd, Durham, NC 27703 USA. EM Gilliam.robert@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation (NSF); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX NOAA/ESRL GSD is recognized for the development and maintenance of the MADIS archive of wind profiler measurements used in our evaluation. The VAD data for this study are from the Research Data Archive (RDA) which is maintained by the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). NCAR is sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF). The original data are available from the RDA (http://dss.ucar.edu) in dataset number ds337.0. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and a managed the research described here. Although it has been subjected to Agency review and clearance, it does not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 53 SI SI BP 186 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.064 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 953CZ UT WOS:000304845800014 ER PT J AU Hancock, DB Romieu, I Chiu, GY Sienra-Monge, JJ Li, HL del Rio-Navarro, BE London, SJ AF Hancock, Dana B. Romieu, Isabelle Chiu, Grace Y. Sienra-Monge, Juan-Jose Li, Huiling Estela del Rio-Navarro, Blanca London, Stephanie J. TI STAT6 and LRP1 polymorphisms are associated with food allergen sensitization in Mexican children SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID SEVERITY C1 [Hancock, Dana B.; London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Li, Huiling; London, Stephanie J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hancock, Dana B.] Res Triangle Inst Int, Behav Hlth Epidemiol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Romieu, Isabelle] Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Chiu, Grace Y.] Westat Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Sienra-Monge, Juan-Jose; Estela del Rio-Navarro, Blanca] Hosp Infantil Mexico Dr Federico Gomez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Hancock, DB (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM london2@niehs.nih.gov OI Hancock, Dana/0000-0003-2240-3604; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES049019-16]; NIEHS NIH HHS [Z01 ES049019] NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 129 IS 6 BP 1673 EP 1676 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.03.012 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 952BL UT WOS:000304764600032 PM 22534531 ER PT J AU Mittman, T Band, LE Hwang, T Smith, ML AF Mittman, Tamara Band, Lawrence E. Hwang, Taehee Smith, Monica Lipscomb TI Distributed Hydrologic Modeling in the Suburban Landscape: Assessing Parameter Transferability from Gauged Reference Catchments SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE watersheds; urbanization; surface water hydrology; simulation; geospatial analysis ID LAND-USE CHANGE; WATERSHED-SCALE; IMPACT; COVER; CALIBRATION AB Mittman, Tamara, Lawrence E. Band, Taehee Hwang, and Monica Lipscomb Smith, 2012. Distributed Hydrologic Modeling in the Suburban Landscape: Assessing Parameter Transferability from Gauged Reference Catchments. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(3): 546-557. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00636.x Abstract: Distributed, process-based models of catchment hydrologic response are potentially useful tools for the assessment of Low Impact Development (LID) techniques in urbanized catchments. Their application is often limited, however, by the lack of continuous streamflow records to calibrate poorly constrained parameters. This article examines the transferability of soil and groundwater parameters from a forested reference catchment to a nearby suburban catchment. We use the Regional Hydro-Ecologic Simulation System (RHESSys) to develop hydrologic models of one gauged forested and one ungauged suburban catchment within the Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) study area. We use a parameter uncertainty framework to calibrate soil and groundwater parameters for the forested catchment, and discrete measurements of streamflow from the suburban catchment to assess parameter transferability. Results indicate that the transfer of soil and groundwater parameters from forested reference to nearby suburban catchments is viable, with performance measures for the suburban catchment often exceeding those for the forested catchment. We propose that the simplification of hydrologic processes in urbanized catchments may account for the increase in model performance in the suburban catchment. C1 [Mittman, Tamara] US EPA, Off Wastewater Management, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Band, Lawrence E.; Hwang, Taehee; Smith, Monica Lipscomb] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Mittman, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Wastewater Management, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM mittman.tamara@epa.gov FU U.S. Forest Service [08-JV-11242308-037] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Forest Service, Contract 08-JV-11242308-037. Additional support for this project came from the Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES). The work was carried out within the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Geography Department. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 48 IS 3 BP 546 EP 557 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00636.x PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 952PK UT WOS:000304804400010 ER PT J AU Antao, JM Mason, JM Dejardin, J Kingston, RE AF Antao, Jose M. Mason, James M. Dejardin, Jerome Kingston, Robert E. TI Protein Landscape at Drosophila melanogaster Telomere-Associated Sequence Repeats SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSITION-EFFECT VARIEGATION; DISTINCT CHROMATIN DOMAINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; GAGA FACTOR; IN-VIVO; ENCODES; COMPLEX; WOC; HP1; LOCALIZATION AB The specific set of proteins bound at each genomic locus contributes decisively to regulatory processes and to the identity of a cell. Understanding of the function of a particular locus requires the knowledge of what factors interact with that locus and how the protein composition changes in different cell types or during the response to internal and external signals. Proteomic analysis of isolated chromatin segments (PICh) was developed as a tool to target, purify, and identify proteins associated with a defined locus and was shown to allow the purification of human telomeric chromatin. Here we have developed this method to identify proteins that interact with the Drosophila telomere-associated sequence (TAS) repeats. Several of the purified factors were validated as novel TAS-bound proteins by chromatin immunoprecipitation, and the Brahma complex was confirmed as a dominant modifier of telomeric position effect through the use of a genetic test. These results offer information on the efficacy of applying the PICh protocol to loci with sequence more complex than that found at human telomeres and identify proteins that bind to the TAS repeats, which might contribute to TAS biology and chromatin silencing. C1 [Antao, Jose M.; Kingston, Robert E.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Mol Biol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Antao, Jose M.; Kingston, Robert E.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Med Sch, Dept Genet, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Antao, Jose M.] Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, Gulbenkian PhD Program Biomed, Oeiras, Portugal. [Mason, James M.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Dejardin, Jerome] CNRS UPR 1142, Inst Human Genet, INSERM AVENIR Team, Montpellier, France. RP Kingston, RE (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Mol Biol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM masonj@niehs.nih.gov; kingston@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu FU National Institutes of Health [GM43901]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/11800/2003] FX Funding for this work was provided by the National Institutes of Health (GM43901) and by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. J.M.A. was supported in part by a fellowship from the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/11800/2003). NR 57 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0270-7306 EI 1098-5549 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2170 EP 2182 DI 10.1128/MCB.00010-12 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 953SV UT WOS:000304894400001 PM 22493064 ER PT J AU Schoenborn, WA Fedo, CM Farmer, GL AF Schoenborn, William A. Fedo, Christopher M. Farmer, G. Lang TI Provenance of the Neoproterozoic Johnnie Formation and Stirling Quartzite, southeastern California, determined by detrital zircon geochronology and Nd isotope geochemistry SO PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Neoproterozoic; Detrital zircon; Provenance; Johnnie Formation; Stirling Quartzite ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; KINGSTON PEAK FORMATION; UINTA MOUNTAIN-GROUP; MARGIN HINGE ZONE; CRUSTAL EVOLUTION; GRENVILLE OROGEN; MOJAVE DESERT; GRANITIC MAGMATISM; EASTERN CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS AB Detrital zircon geochronology coupled with Nd isotopic data constrains the provenance of the Neoproterozoic Johnnie Formation and Stirling Quartzite in the southern Nopah Range, southeastern California, and provides data to test a model of the early tectonic evolution of the southwestern Laurentian continental margin. A total of 228 detrital zircon grains from four samples of quartzose arenite, were analyzed by sensitive high resolution ion microprobe - reverse geometry (SHRIMP-RG). To supplement the provenance information derived from these grains, whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions of four coarse- and fine-grained samples were analyzed from the Rainstorm Member of the Johnnie Formation. Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic zircons dominate the lower Johnnie Formation and upper Stirling Quartzite, whereas the middle Johnnie Formation and lower Stirling Quartzite have a greater proportion of late Grenville-aged detritus, lesser amounts of older similar to 1400 Ma Mesoproterozoic grains, and a scattering of Paleoproterozoic grains. Archean-aged zircons occur in both samples of the Johnnie Formation and both samples of the Stirling Quartzite. We interpret this distribution to indicate a source area composed of a mixture of local and distal provenance components. Sedimentary rock Nd isotopic compositions are characterized by low epsilon Nd (0) values that range from -16.1 to -20.0, are independent of grain size or Sm-147/Nd-144 ratios, and suggest derivation from Nd Provinces 2 and 3 (Yavapai and Mazatzal provinces). Shifting provenance patterns from the Johnnie Formation and superjacent Stirling Quartzite and Wood Canyon Formation indicate an evolving provenance recorded by a general up-section increase of late Grenville-aged detritus. These data support a Laurentian provenance for Johnnie Formation detritus composed of contributions from both distal source areas in the cratonic interior and local source areas in the rift shoulder, which is consistent with its deposition as part of a post-rift, early-stage, passive-margin succession. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Schoenborn, William A.] George Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Fedo, Christopher M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Farmer, G. Lang] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Farmer, G. Lang] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Schoenborn, WA (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM yipesandstripes@aol.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR99-09308] FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support for this project from the National Science Foundation (NSF EAR99-09308 to Fedo). We appreciate valuable assistance from Joe Wooden at the Stanford-USGS Ion Microprobe Laboratory and Mark Martin. We appreciate valuable field perspectives of John Cooper, Tony Prave, Lauren Wright, and Bennie Troxel. We thank John Hanchar, David Lambert, Grant Young, Chris Kirkland, and Tony Prave for making suggestions on the manuscript. We thank Carol Dehler and an anonymous reviewer who helped clarify different aspects of this paper. NR 75 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-9268 EI 1872-7433 J9 PRECAMBRIAN RES JI Precambrian Res. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 206 BP 182 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.precamres.2012.02.017 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 952MM UT WOS:000304796600011 ER PT J AU Heaton, MJ Gray, SC Gelfand, AE AF Heaton, Matthew J. Gray, Simone C. Gelfand, Alan E. TI Process modelling for contingency tables with ordered categories SO STATISTICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Bayesian hierarchical model; block summing; Cox process; Gaussian processes; nonhomogeneous Poisson process; separable covariance functions; spatial interpolation ID ORDINAL DATA; ASSOCIATION MODELS; REGRESSION-MODELS; VARIABLES AB We consider the setting of a multi-way contingency table with ordinal classifications. The contribution of this paper is to propose a joint probability model for the uncensored variables that is apart from the imposed categorization. Specifically, for an m-way table, we assume that the cell counts arise as a binned point pattern over a bounded set in m-dimensional Euclidean space where the point pattern is a realization of a non-homogeneous Poisson process. The intensity which drives the point pattern is itself viewed as a realization of a log Gaussian process over the set. With such an approach we achieve full inference regarding the underlying joint distribution, in particular, inference for familiar associations between the ordinal variables in the absence of interval censoring. Additionally, inference can be provided for any newly created cells where such creation is achieved through redefinition of the ordinal classifications. That is, rather than ad hoc reallocation, we achieve a fully model-based reallocation enabling quantification of uncertainty. For a contingency table with nominal classifications as well, our approach creates an intensity for the ordinal variables for each level of the nominal variables. The methodology is detailed within a hierarchical framework, showing associated computation and convenient dimension reduction techniques to facilitate model fitting. We illustrate with both simulated data and a real census dataset. C1 [Heaton, Matthew J.; Gelfand, Alan E.] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Gray, Simone C.] US EPA, Durham, NC USA. RP Gelfand, AE (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Box 90251, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM alan@stat.duke.edu FU USEPA [RD-833293010] FX The authors wish to thank Marie Lynn Miranda for helpful discussions. This work was supported, in part, under USEPA award #RD-833293010. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1471-082X J9 STAT MODEL JI Stat. Model. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 12 IS 3 BP 211 EP 228 DI 10.1177/1471082X1001200301 PG 18 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 950RI UT WOS:000304666000001 ER PT J AU Summers, JK Smith, LM Case, JL Linthurst, RA AF Summers, J. K. Smith, L. M. Case, J. L. Linthurst, R. A. TI A Review of the Elements of Human Well-Being with an Emphasis on the Contribution of Ecosystem Services SO AMBIO LA English DT Review DE Ecosystem services; Human well-being; Sustainability; Ecological economics; Subjective happiness ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; UNITED-STATES; NATURAL-RESOURCES; LIGHT POLLUTION; HUMAN HEALTH; INNER-CITY; BIODIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENT; VALUATION; POLICY AB Natural ecosystems perform fundamental life-support services upon which human civilization depends. However, many people believe that nature provides these services for free and therefore, they are of little or no value. While we do not pay for them, we pay significantly for their loss in terms of wastewater treatment facilities, moratoriums on greenhouse gases, increased illnesses, reduced soil fertility and losses in those images of nature that contribute to our basic happiness. Little is understood about the well-being benefits of the natural environment and its ecosystem services. The interwoven relationship of ecosystems and human well-being is insufficiently acknowledged in the wider philosophical, social, and economic well-being literature. In this article, we discuss an approach to examine human well-being and the interactions of its four primary elements-basic human needs, economic needs, environmental needs, and subjective well-being-and ecosystem services. C1 [Summers, J. K.; Smith, L. M.; Case, J. L.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Linthurst, R. A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Serv Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Summers, JK (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM summers.kevin@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 138 TC 41 Z9 50 U1 10 U2 156 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-7447 EI 1654-7209 J9 AMBIO JI Ambio PD JUN PY 2012 VL 41 IS 4 BP 327 EP 340 DI 10.1007/s13280-012-0256-7 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 949ZM UT WOS:000304617700002 PM 22581385 ER PT J AU Bohrmann, TF Christman, MC AF Bohrmann, Thomas F. Christman, Mary C. TI Evaluating sampling efficiency in depletion surveys using hierarchical Bayes SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FISH POPULATION-SIZE; CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; REMOVAL METHOD; ABUNDANCE AB Estimating animal abundance is essential to natural resource management and conservation. However, the cost associated with abundance estimation can be high for populations that are difficult to sample. Researchers, particularly in fisheries management, often sample such populations using depletion or removal surveys. Depletion surveys rely upon successive removals of animals, without replacement, to estimate abundance. These researchers also must decide on other sampling protocol, including the depletion technique, which may include depletion gear-type, vessel, or personnel. To inform this decision, we propose a supplement to the hierarchical Bayesian models recently introduced for the analysis of depletion data. Using Bayesian sample size methodology along with hierarchical modeling, we present a method for estimating the efficiency of previously employed depletion techniques. Using this method, the researcher can estimate the expected variability in abundance estimates for each depletion technique and apply this information to future decisions. Additionally, this method allows the estimation of expected variability for various numbers of depletion passes. We demonstrate the methodology using a data set of Chesapeake Bay blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) depletion surveys. C1 [Bohrmann, Thomas F.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Christman, Mary C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Bohrmann, TF (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM bohrmann.tommy@epa.gov FU National Science Foundation at the University of Florida [0801544] FX The authors thank Lynn Fegley and Alexei Sharov of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources for the depletion data, along with Bob Dorazio, Tom Purucker, and two anonymous reviewers, whose comments led to improvements of this manuscript. This research was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0801544 in the Quantitative Spatial Ecology, Evolution and Environment Program at the University of Florida. The final form of this work was completed under the employement of the US Environmental Protection Agency and has been reviewed in accordance with the Agency's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products, however, does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use on the behalf of the Agency. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0706-652X EI 1205-7533 J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 69 IS 6 BP 1080 EP 1090 DI 10.1139/F2012-035 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 948WM UT WOS:000304533800008 ER PT J AU Webster, M Sokolov, AP Reilly, JM Forest, CE Paltsev, S Schlosser, A Wang, C Kicklighter, D Sarofim, M Melillo, J Prinn, RG Jacoby, HD AF Webster, Mort Sokolov, Andrei P. Reilly, John M. Forest, Chris E. Paltsev, Sergey Schlosser, Adam Wang, Chien Kicklighter, David Sarofim, Marcus Melillo, Jerry Prinn, Ronald G. Jacoby, Henry D. TI Analysis of climate policy targets under uncertainty SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID EMISSIONS; FORECAST AB Although policymaking in response to the climate change threat is essentially a challenge of risk management, most studies of the relation of emissions targets to desired climate outcomes are either deterministic or subject to a limited representation of the underlying uncertainties. Monte Carlo simulation, applied to the MIT Integrated Global System Model (an integrated economic and earth system model of intermediate complexity), is used to analyze the uncertain outcomes that flow from a set of century-scale emissions paths developed originally for a study by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program. The resulting uncertainty in temperature change and other impacts under these targets is used to illustrate three insights not obtainable from deterministic analyses: that the reduction of extreme temperature changes under emissions constraints is greater than the reduction in the median reduction; that the incremental gain from tighter constraints is not linear and depends on the target to be avoided; and that comparing median results across models can greatly understate the uncertainty in any single model. C1 [Webster, Mort; Sokolov, Andrei P.; Reilly, John M.; Paltsev, Sergey; Schlosser, Adam; Wang, Chien; Prinn, Ronald G.; Jacoby, Henry D.] MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Webster, Mort] MIT, Engn Syst Div, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Forest, Chris E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kicklighter, David; Melillo, Jerry] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Sarofim, Marcus] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Webster, M (reprint author), MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mort@MIT.EDU RI Forest, Chris/M-1993-2014; OI Forest, Chris/0000-0002-2643-0186; , /0000-0002-3979-4747 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-94ER61937]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. National Science Foundation; U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration; MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change FX We thank the three anonymous referees for helpful comments on this manuscript. This analysis and the development of the IGSM model used here was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-94ER61937), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. National Science Foundation, U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration and the Industry and Foundation Sponsors of the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. NR 28 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUN PY 2012 VL 112 IS 3-4 BP 569 EP 583 DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0260-0 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 943FJ UT WOS:000304105600002 ER PT J AU See, MJ Staggs, SE Dubey, JP Villegas, EN AF See, Mary J. Staggs, Sarah E. Dubey, J. P. Villegas, Eric N. TI Evaluation of four RNA extraction methods for gene expression analyses of Cryptosporidium parvum and Toxoplasma gondii oocysts SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Toxoplasma gondii; Oocyst; mRNA isolation; Real-time PCR; Microarray ID MESSENGER-RNA; UNITED-STATES; MICROARRAY; EXCYSTATION; GENOME; IDENTIFICATION; APICOMPLEXAN; OUTBREAKS; EIMERIA; QUALITY AB Cryptosporidium spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are important coccidian parasites that have caused waterborne and foodborne disease outbreaks worldwide. Techniques like subtractive hybridization, microarrays, and quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays have been used to understand the roles of specific genes in regulating life stage development and pathogenesis of these parasites. Key to the success of these approaches is isolating high quality messenger RNA (mRNA), which is particularly difficult with coccidian oocysts. Although commercial kits can provide high quality mRNA to study gene expressions in mammalian cells, their performances have not been thoroughly evaluated on oocysts. In this study, four RNA extraction kits: RiboPure-bacteria, MasterPure RNA, RNeasy micro, and TRIzol LS reagent kits were evaluated for their ability to isolate high quality mRNA. Results revealed that all four kits easily isolated total RNA from C. parvum oocysts. Analysis of total RNA quality as measured by RNA integrity number (RIN) showed sufficiently high quality values ranging from 8.4 to 9.8. However, genomic DNA (gDNA) contamination was present in all extracts. Additional DNase I treatment effectively removed gDNA contaminants, but partially degraded the RNA (RIN = 5.0-7.7). Total RNA isolations from T. gondii oocysts were also attempted and were partially successful, yielding RNA extracts sufficient for only RT-qPCR. Overall, the RNeasy micro kit with additional DNase I treatment was the most effective for extracting sufficiently high quality total RNA from C. parvum and T. gondii oocysts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Staggs, Sarah E.; Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [See, Mary J.; Villegas, Eric N.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, McMicken Coll Arts & Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Villegas, EN (reprint author), US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mailstop 587-26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM villegas.eric@epa.gov RI Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX We would like to thank Michael Ware and Nichole Brinkman for critical reviews of the manuscript. US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by EPA for use. MJS and SES current addresses: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Fellow, US EPA, Cincinnati, OH. Author contribution: MJS and SES, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript; JPD, provided reagents/materials; ENV, designed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JUN PY 2012 VL 89 IS 3 BP 185 EP 192 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.03.010 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 948MG UT WOS:000304506700006 PM 22465221 ER PT J AU Salih, HH Sorial, GA Patterson, CL Sinha, R Krishnan, ER AF Salih, Hafiz H. Sorial, George A. Patterson, Craig L. Sinha, Rajib Krishnan, E. Radha TI Removal of Trichloroethylene by Activated Carbon in the Presence and Absence of TiO2 Nanoparticles SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Activated carbon; Adsorption; Nanoparticles; Trichloroethylene ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; ATRAZINE ADSORPTION; SUPERCRITICAL WATER; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; KINETICS; ACID; NANOMATERIALS; AGGREGATION AB Nanoparticles (NPs) are emerging as a new type of contaminant in water and wastewater. The fate of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO(2)NPs) in a granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorber and their impact on the removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) was investigated. Key parameters governing the TiO2NP-GAC interaction such as specific surface area (SSA), zeta potential, and the TiO2NP particle size distribution (PSD) were determined. The impact of TiO(2)NPs on TCE adsorption on GAC was tested by conducting TCE adsorption isotherm, kinetic, and column breakthrough studies in the presence and absence of TiO(2)NPs. SSA and pore size distribution of the virgin and spent GAC were obtained. The fate and transport of the TiO(2)NPs in the GAC fixed bed and their impact on TCE adsorption were found to be a function of their zeta potential, concentration, PSD, and the nature of their aggregation. The TiO(2)NPs under investigation are not stable in water and rapidly form larger aggregates. Due to the fast adsorption kinetics of TCE, the isotherm and kinetic studies found no effect from TiO(2)NPs. However, TiO(2)NPs attached to GAC and led to a reduction in the amount of TCE adsorbed during the breakthrough experiments suggesting a preloading pore blockage phenomenon. The analysis of the used GAC confirmed the pore blockage and SSA reduction. C1 [Patterson, Craig L.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Salih, Hafiz H.; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Sinha, Rajib; Krishnan, E. Radha] Shaw Environm & Infrastructure Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA. RP Patterson, CL (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM salihhh@email.uc.edu; george.sorial@uc.edu; Patterson.Craig@epa.gov; Rajib.Sinha@Shawgrp.com; Radha.Krishnan@Shawgrp.com FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) [EP-C-04-034, 0-03]; US Environmental Protection Agency [CR-8 3454201]; University of Cincinnati [CR-8 3454201] FX This work was partially supported under Contract No. EP-C-04-034-Work Assignment No. 0-03 from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development) to Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. and by the Cooperative Agreement CR-8 3454201 between the US Environmental Protection Agency and the University of Cincinnati. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 223 IS 5 BP 2837 EP 2847 DI 10.1007/s11270-011-1070-8 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 947XF UT WOS:000304467000073 ER PT J AU Zhang, W Isaacson, CW Rattanaudompol, US Powell, TB Bouchard, D AF Zhang, Wei Isaacson, Carl W. Rattanaudompol, U-sa Powell, Tremaine B. Bouchard, Dermont TI Fullerene nanoparticles exhibit greater retention in freshwater sediment than in model porous media SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fullerene; Fullerene derivative; Nanoparticle; Colloid; Transport; Retention; Sediment; Subsurface; Vadose zone; Groundwater ID UNFAVORABLE CHEMICAL CONDITIONS; FIELD-FLOW FRACTIONATION; COLLOID TRANSPORT; C-60 NANOPARTICLES; HANFORD SEDIMENTS; SURFACE-ENERGY; CONTACT-ANGLE; QUARTZ SANDS; HUMIC-ACID; DEPOSITION AB Increasing production and use of fullerene-based nanomaterials underscore the need to determine their mobility in environmental transport pathways and potential ecological exposures. This study investigated the transport of two fullerenes (i.e., aqu/C-60 and water-soluble C-60 pyrrolidine tris-acid [C-60 PTA]) in columns packed with model porous media (Iota quartz and Ottawa sand) and a sediment from Call's creek under saturated and unsaturated steady-state flows. The fullerenes had the least retention in Iota quartz, and the greatest retention in the sediment at near neutral pH, correlating with the degree of grain surface chemical heterogeneity (e.g., amorphous Al hydroxides concentration increasing in the order of Iota quartz < Ottawa sand < sediment). Surface roughness was elucidated as another important factor responsible for the greatest fullerene retention in the sediment. In accordance with the XDLVO energy calculations, C-60 PTA was less retained than aqu/C-60 at near neutral pH, due to its greater hydrophilicity measured by tolune-water partition coefficient, as well as smaller particle sizes revealed by atomic force microscopy. Fullerene retention exhibited a strong dependency on solution pH that could be explained partly by the pH-dependent surface charge of fullerenes and grain surface, and partly by increased hydrophobicity of C-60 PTA when solution pH approaches its isoelectric point (IEP). Finally, fullerene retention was enhanced in unsaturated media, implying that fullerenes may be more attenuated in the vadose zone than in groundwater. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Wei] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Isaacson, Carl W.] Eawag Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Rattanaudompol, U-sa; Powell, Tremaine B.; Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Zhang, W (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM weizhang@msu.edu; bouchard.dermont@epa.gov RI Zhang, Wei/B-4219-2011 OI Zhang, Wei/0000-0002-2937-1732 FU National Research Council FX This research was performed while Wei Zhang and Carl W. Isaacson held National Research Council Research Associateship Awards at the National Exposure Research Laboratory of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The authors acknowledge Dr. Lingjun Kong, Dr. Biplab Mukherjee, and Dr. Xin Ma for great discussion, as well as Dr. Richard Zepp, Dr. Susan Richardson, and other USEPA colleagues for support provided during this study. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the USEPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 75 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 62 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 1 PY 2012 VL 46 IS 9 BP 2992 EP 3004 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.049 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 949OK UT WOS:000304585300018 PM 22445188 ER PT J AU Virkutyte, J Jegatheesan, V Varma, RS AF Virkutyte, Jurate Jegatheesan, Veeriah Varma, Rajender S. TI Visible light activated TiO2/microcrystalline cellulose nanocatalyst to destroy organic contaminants in water SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TiO2; Microcrystalline cellulose; Catalytic adsorption; Visible light ID METHYLENE-BLUE; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; DOPED TIO2; LOW-TEMPERATURE; REACTIVE DYES; DEGRADATION; ADSORPTION; OXIDATION; REMOVAL AB Hybrid TiO2/microcrystalline cellulose (MC) nanophotocatalyst was prepared in situ by a facile and simple synthesis utilizing benign precursors such as MC and TiCl4. The as-prepared nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, XPS, BET surface area analyzer, UV-vis DRS and TGA. Surface morphology was assessed by the means of SEM and HR-TEM. Statistics-based factorial design (FD) was adopted to investigate the effect of precursors concentrations and therefore to optimize the nanocomposite synthesis through catalytic adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The results indicated that TiO2/MC nanocomposites were photocatalytically active in diminishing 40-90% of MB in 4 h. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Virkutyte, Jurate] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. [Jegatheesan, Veeriah] Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Virkutyte, J (reprint author), Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, 46 E Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA. EM Virkutyte.Jurate@epa.gov; jega.j@deakin.edu.au; Varma.Rajender@epa.gov FU National Research Council at US EPA FX This research was performed while Jurate Virkutyte held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at US EPA. This paper has not been subjected to internal policy review of the US EPA. Therefore, the research results do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency or its policy. Mention of trade names and commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 113 SI SI BP 288 EP 293 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.12.090 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 944SE UT WOS:000304223300048 PM 22284756 ER PT J AU Sponseller, RA Hall, SJ Huber, DP Grimm, NB Kaye, JP Clark, CM Collins, SL AF Sponseller, Ryan A. Hall, Sharon J. Huber, David P. Grimm, Nancy B. Kaye, Jason P. Clark, Christopher M. Collins, Scott L. TI Variation in monsoon precipitation drives spatial and temporal patterns of Larrea tridentata growth in the Sonoran Desert SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Heterogeneity; Larrea tridentata; monsoon; shrub growth; Sonoran Desert ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; PLANT-RESPONSES; NORTH-AMERICA; SOIL-MOISTURE; CREOSOTE BUSH; DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE AB 1. Broad-scale patterns of above-ground net primary production (ANPP) are closely coupled to climate features, particularly the distribution and magnitude of rainfall. In arid and semi-arid regions, however, the precipitation regime, together with local geomorphology and plant life history traits, combine to regulate soil water availability and patterns of growth, complicating simple correlations with climatic variables. 2. To better understand the drivers of plant growth in desert ecosystems, we characterized the rates and spatial heterogeneity of stem elongation by the dominant perennial shrub, creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) in the northern Sonoran Desert of Arizona (USA). Estimates of stem growth were made over a 5-year period (20062010) from 60 plots at 15 sites spanning c. 120 km across the Central ArizonaPhoenix (CAP) Long-term Ecological Research (LTER) area. 3. We observed both the highest and lowest rates of stem growth during summer, and these patterns were related to the amount of monsoon rainfall and local rates of water infiltration. The relationship between growth and precipitation in the summer was nonlinear, with rates increasing more than eightfold at plots receiving more than 100 mm of seasonal rainfall. Conversely, growth during the winter/spring was intermediate in magnitude, similar among years and poorly correlated with seasonal precipitation. 4. The spatial heterogeneity of stem growth also differed markedly between seasons and was greater both within and among sites during summer compared to winter/spring growing periods. At broad scales, spatial heterogeneity of shrub growth was correlated with seasonal changes in the spatial variability of rainfall across the study area. At small spatial scales, greater heterogeneity during the summer appears linked to local soil properties that influence infiltration and water availability following monsoon storms. 5. Overall, the strong, nonlinear growth response by L. tridentata to monsoon rainfall suggests that the recurrence interval of wet summer seasons is an important driver of ANPP for this long-lived shrub. More generally, our results illustrate how regional climate variability and local soil properties can interact to influence the rates and heterogeneity of desert plant growth at multiple scales. C1 [Sponseller, Ryan A.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Hall, Sharon J.; Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Huber, David P.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Kaye, Jason P.] Penn State Univ, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Collins, Scott L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Clark, Christopher M.] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Sponseller, RA (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden. EM ryan.sponseller@slu.se RI Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; Hall, Sharon/K-7893-2012; Collins, Scott/P-7742-2014 OI Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Collins, Scott/0000-0002-0193-2892 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0514379, DEB-0514382, DEB-0423704] FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants DEB-0514379, DEB-0514382 and DEB-0423704 (CAP LTER). Special thanks to Elizabeth Cook, Stevan Earl, Sara Eckert, Daniel Gonzales, Corinna Gries, Rebecca Hale, Yevgeniy Marusenko, Sam Norlin, Yun Ouyang, Quincy Stewart, Cortney Alderman and Darrel Jenerette for thoughtful discussions and/or assistance with data collection. Three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on the manuscript. RAS was supported during the preparation of this manuscript by the Future Forests programme at Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU). NR 51 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 26 IS 3 BP 750 EP 758 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.01979.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 945EV UT WOS:000304256500022 ER PT J AU Bermudez, DS Gray, LE Wilson, VS AF Bermudez, Dieldrich S. Gray, L. Earl Wilson, Vickie S. TI Modelling defined mixtures of environmental oestrogens found in domestic animal and sewage treatment effluents using an in vitro oestrogen-mediated transcriptional activation assay (T47D-KBluc) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE concentrated animal feedlot operations; in vitro mixtures; oestrogen; transcriptional activation ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EQUIVALENCY FACTOR APPROACH; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS; WASTE-WATER; STEROIDAL ESTROGENS; CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; MUNICIPAL SEWAGE; LAND APPLICATION; TREATMENT PLANT AB There is growing concern of exposure of fish, wildlife and humans to water sources contaminated with oestrogens and the potential impact on reproductive health. Environmental oestrogens can come from various sources including concentrated animal feedlot operations (CAFO), municipal waste, agricultural and industrial effluents. US EPAs drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL3) includes several oestrogenic compounds. Although these contaminants are currently not subject to any proposed or promulgated national primary drinking water regulations, they are known or anticipated to occur in public water systems and may require future regulation under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Using an in vitro transcriptional activation assay, this study evaluated oestrogens from CCL3 both individually and as a seven oestrogen mixture (fixed ray design) over a broad range of concentrations, including environmentally relevant concentrations. Log EC50 and Hillslope values for individual oestrogens were as follows: estrone, -11.92, 1.283; estradiol-17a, -9.61, 1.486; estradiol-17 beta, 11.77, 1.494; estriol, -11.14, 1.074; ethinyl estradiol-17a, -12.63, 1.562; Mestranol, -11.08, 0.809 and Equilin, -11.48, 0.946. In addition, mixtures that mirrored the primary oestrogens found in swine, poultry and dairy CAFO effluent (fixed-ratio ray design), and a ternary mixture (4 x 4 x 4 factorial design) of oestrogens found in hormone replacement therapy and/or oral contraceptives were tested. Mixtures were evaluated for additivity using both the concentration addition (CA) model and oestrogen equivalence (EEQ) model. For each of the mixture studies, a broad range of concentrations were tested, both above and below environmentally relevant concentrations. Results show that the observed data did not vary consistently from either the CA or EEQ predictions for any mixture. Therefore, either the CA or EEQ model should be useful predictors for modelling oestrogen mixtures. C1 [Bermudez, Dieldrich S.; Gray, L. Earl; Wilson, Vickie S.] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, TAD, NHEERL,ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bermudez, Dieldrich S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Gray, LE (reprint author), US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Branch, TAD, NHEERL,ORD, MD 72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gray.earl@epa.gov OI Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481 FU North Carolina State University/Environmental Protection Agency [CT833235-01-0]; NTP/NIEHS/EPA [RW75-92285501-1] FX This work was supported in part by funding provided by the North Carolina State University/Environmental Protection Agency Cooperative Training Program in Environmental Sciences Research, Training Agreement CT833235-01-0 with North Carolina State University and also the NTP/NIEHS/EPA Interagency Agreement RW75-92285501-1. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0105-6263 J9 INT J ANDROL JI Int. J. Androl. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 35 IS 3 BP 397 EP 406 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2012.01278.x PG 10 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 946IB UT WOS:000304343800019 PM 22612477 ER PT J AU Wang, NCY Zhao, QJ Wesselkamper, SC Lambert, JC Petersen, D Hess-Wilson, JK AF Wang, Nina Ching Yi Zhao, Q. Jay Wesselkamper, Scott C. Lambert, Jason C. Petersen, Dan Hess-Wilson, Janet K. TI Application of computational toxicological approaches in human health risk assessment. I. A tiered surrogate approach SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Structure-activity relationships; Human health risk assessment; Surrogate; n-Butylbenzene; Computational toxicology and predictive toxicology ID GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER; METABOLISM; ALKYLBENZENES; DISPOSITION; ACETATE; ANALOGS AB Hazard identification and dose-response assessment for chemicals of concern found in various environmental media are typically based on epidemiological and/or animal toxicity data. However, human health risk assessments are often requested for many compounds found at contaminated sites throughout the US that have limited or no available toxicity information from either humans or animals. To address this issue, recent efforts have focused on expanding the use of structure-activity relationships (SAR) approaches to identify appropriate surrogates and/or predict toxicological phenotype(s) and associated adverse effect levels. A tiered surrogate approach (i.e., decision tree) based on three main types of surrogates (structural, metabolic, and toxicity-like) has been developed. To select the final surrogate chemical and its surrogate toxicity value(s), a weight-of-evidence approach based on the proposed decision tree is applied. In addition, a case study with actual toxicity data serves as the evaluation to support our tiered surrogate approach. Future work will include case studies demonstrating the utility of the surrogate approach under different scenarios for data-poor chemicals. In conclusion, our surrogate approach provides a reasonable starting point for identifying potential toxic effects, target organs, and/or modes-of-action, and for selecting surrogate chemicals from which to derive either reference or risk values. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hess-Wilson, Janet K.] USAF, Ctr Engn & Environm, Tech Div, Restorat Branch, San Antonio, TX 78226 USA. [Wang, Nina Ching Yi; Zhao, Q. Jay; Wesselkamper, Scott C.; Lambert, Jason C.; Petersen, Dan] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wang, NCY (reprint author), US EPA, MS A110, NCEA, 26W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM wang.nina@epa.gov NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 63 IS 1 BP 10 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.02.006 PG 10 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 944VB UT WOS:000304230800002 PM 22369873 ER PT J AU Kolanczyk, RC Schmieder, P Jones, WJ Mekenyan, OG Chapkanov, A Temelkov, S Kotov, S Velikova, M Kamenska, V Vasilev, K Veith, GD AF Kolanczyk, Richard C. Schmieder, Patricia Jones, William J. Mekenyan, Ovanes G. Chapkanov, Atanas Temelkov, Stanislav Kotov, Stefan Velikova, Maria Kamenska, Verginia Vasilev, Krasimir Veith, Gilman D. TI MetaPath: An electronic knowledge base for collating, exchanging and analyzing case studies of xenobiotic metabolism SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Metabolism; Database; Metabolic maps; Biotransformation; MetaPath; Pathways; DER Composer; Risk assessment ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PHENOL; SELECTIVITY; MICROSOMES; TOXICOLOGY; FRAMEWORK; PATHWAYS AB The MetaPath knowledge base was developed for the purpose of archiving, sharing and analyzing experimental data on metabolism, metabolic pathways and crucial supporting metadata. The MetaPath system grew out of the need to compile and organize the results of metabolism studies into a systematic database to facilitate data comparisons and evaluations. Specialized MetaPath data evaluation tools facilitate the review of pesticide metabolism data submitted for regulatory risk assessments as well as exchange of results of complex analyses used in regulation and research. Customized screen editors called Composers were developed to automate data entry into MetaPath while also streamlining the production of agency specific study summaries such as the Data Evaluation Records (DER) used by the US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs. Efforts are underway through an Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) work group to extend the use of DER Composers as harmonized templates for rat metabolism, livestock residue, plant residue and environmental degradation studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kolanczyk, Richard C.; Schmieder, Patricia] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Jones, William J.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Mekenyan, Ovanes G.; Chapkanov, Atanas; Temelkov, Stanislav; Kotov, Stefan; Velikova, Maria; Vasilev, Krasimir] Univ Prof Assen Zlatarov, Lab Math Chem, Burgas 8010, Bulgaria. [Veith, Gilman D.] Int QSAR Fdn, Two Harbors, MN 55616 USA. RP Kolanczyk, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM kolanczyk.rick@epa.gov RI Chapkanov, Atanas/F-6084-2014 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [CR-83199501]; Laboratory of Mathematical Chemistry, University "Prof. Assen Zlatarov", Bourgas, Bulgaria [CR-83199501] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the contributions to this work arising from the Cooperative Agreement #CR-83199501, between the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Laboratory of Mathematical Chemistry, University "Prof. Assen Zlatarov", Bourgas, Bulgaria. Additionally, several contributors from the EPA Office of Pesticide Programs who have been key to the development of MetaPath are A. Protzel, G. Dannan, P.V. Shah, A. Khasawinah, M. Manibusan, C. Olinger, R. Kent, E. Scollon and I. Encarnacion. The authors thank C. Russom (EPA/ORD/NHEERL/MED) and C. Olinger (EPA/OCSPP/OPP/HED) for their careful review of this manuscript. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 63 IS 1 BP 84 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.02.013 PG 13 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 944VB UT WOS:000304230800011 PM 22414578 ER PT J AU Athanassoglou, S Sheriff, G Siegfried, T Huh, WT AF Athanassoglou, Stergios Sheriff, Glenn Siegfried, Tobias Huh, Woonghee Tim TI Optimal Mechanisms for Heterogeneous Multi-Cell Aquifers SO ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Common property resource; Differential games; Groundwater extraction; Imperfect monitoring; Markov perfect equilibrium ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; RESOURCE DEPLETION; WATER MANAGEMENT; GROUNDWATER; EXTERNALITIES; UNCERTAINTY; INVESTMENT; EXTRACTION; EFFICIENCY; COSTS AB Standard economic models of groundwater management impose restrictive assumptions regarding perfect transmissivity (i.e., the aquifer behaves as a bathtub), no external effects of groundwater stocks, observability of individual extraction rates, and/or homogeneous agents. In this article, we derive regulatory mechanisms for inducing the socially optimal extraction path in Markov perfect equilibrium for aquifers in which these assumptions do not hold. In spite of the complexity of the underlying system, we identify an interesting case in which a simple linear mechanism achieves the social optimum. To illustrate potential problems that can arise by erroneously imposing simplifying assumptions, we conduct a simulation based on data from the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. C1 [Sheriff, Glenn] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Athanassoglou, Stergios] Fdn Eni Enrico Mattei, Milan, Italy. [Athanassoglou, Stergios] Euromediterranean Ctr Climate Change, Milan, Italy. [Siegfried, Tobias] HydroSolutions Ltd, Zurich, Switzerland. [Huh, Woonghee Tim] Univ British Columbia, Sauder Sch Business, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Sheriff, G (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave NW 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM athanassoglou@gmail.com; sheriff.glenn@epa.gov; siegfried@hydrosolutions.ch; tim.huh@sauder.ubc.ca OI ATHANASOGLOU, Stergios/0000-0003-2321-5234; Sheriff, Glenn/0000-0001-9642-5529 NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0924-6460 J9 ENVIRON RESOUR ECON JI Environ. Resour. Econ. PD JUN PY 2012 VL 52 IS 2 BP 265 EP 291 DI 10.1007/s10640-011-9528-0 PG 27 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 940GC UT WOS:000303877000008 ER EF