FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Billa, N Hubin-Barrows, D Lahren, T Burkhard, LP AF Billa, Nanditha Hubin-Barrows, Dylan Lahren, Tylor Burkhard, Lawrence P. TI Evaluation of micro-colorimetric lipid determination method with samples prepared using sonication and accelerated solvent extraction methods SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE Lipid measurement; Micro-colorimetric; Accelerated solvent extraction ID CHEMICAL-ASSAY CALCULATIONS; MODEL PROBLEM; FISH AB Two common laboratory extraction techniques were evaluated for routine use with the micro-colorimetric lipid determination method developed by Van Handel (1985) [2] and recently validated for small samples by Inouye and Lotufo (2006) [1]. With the accelerated solvent extraction method using chloroform: methanol solvent and the colorimetric lipid determination method, 28 of 30 samples had significant proportional bias (alpha=1%, determined using standard additions) and 1 of 30 samples had significant constant bias (alpha= 1%, determined using Youden Blank measurements). With sonic extraction, 0 of 6 samples had significant proportional bias (alpha= 1%) and 1 of 6 samples had significant constant bias (alpha=1%). These demonstrate that the accelerated solvent extraction method with chloroform:methanol solvent system creates an interference with the colorimetric assay method, and without accounting for the bias in the analysis, inaccurate measurements would be obtained. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Billa, Nanditha; Hubin-Barrows, Dylan; Lahren, Tylor; Burkhard, Lawrence P.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Burkhard, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM burkhard.lawrence@epa.go NR 13 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 EI 1873-3573 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 119 BP 620 EP 622 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.09.051 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA AB3DE UT WOS:000331670700088 PM 24401464 ER PT J AU Bolan, N Kunhikrishnan, A Thangarajan, R Kumpiene, J Park, J Makino, T Kirkham, MB Scheckel, K AF Bolan, Nanthi Kunhikrishnan, Anitha Thangarajan, Ramya Kumpiene, Jurate Park, Jinhee Makino, Tomoyuki Kirkham, Mary Beth Scheckel, Kirk TI Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils - To mobilize or to immobilize? SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Review DE Metals; Metalloids; Bioavailability; Mobility; Soil amendments ID VARIABLE CHARGE SOILS; EDTA-ENHANCED PHYTOREMEDIATION; BIODEGRADABLE CHELATING-AGENTS; ASSISTED NATURAL REMEDIATION; ORGANIC WASTE AMENDMENTS; PHOSPHATE-AMENDED SOILS; IN-SITU IMMOBILIZATION; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; METAL IMMOBILIZATION; TRACE-ELEMENTS AB Unlike organic contaminants, metal(loid)s do not undergo microbial or chemical degradation and persist for a long time after their introduction. Bioavailability of metal(loid)s plays a vital role in the remediation of contaminated soils. In this review, the remediation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils through manipulating their bioavailability using a range of soil amendments will be presented. Mobilizing amendments such as chelating and desorbing agents increase the bioavailability and mobility of metal(loid)s. Immobilizing amendments such of precipitating agents and sorbent materials decrease the bioavailabilty and mobility of metal(loid)s. Mobilizing agents can be used to enhance the removal of heavy metal(loid)s though plant uptake and soil washing. Immobilizing agents can be used to reduce the transfer to metal(loid)s to food chain via plant uptake and leaching to groundwater. One of the major limitations of mobilizing technique is susceptibility to leaching of the mobilized heavy metal(loid)s in the absence of active plant uptake. Similarly, in the case of the immobilization technique the long-term stability of the immobilized heavy metal(loid)s needs to be monitored. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bolan, Nanthi; Thangarajan, Ramya] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Mawson Lakes, Australia. [Bolan, Nanthi; Thangarajan, Ramya] Cooperat Res Ctr Contaminat Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Kunhikrishnan, Anitha] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Chem Safety Div, Dept Agrofood Safety, Suwon, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Kumpiene, Jurate] Lulea Univ Technol, Dept Civil Environm & Nat Resources Engn, SE-97187 Lulea, Sweden. [Park, Jinhee] Univ Queensland, Ctr Mined Land Rehabil, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Makino, Tomoyuki] Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Soil Environm Div, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Kirkham, Mary Beth] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Scheckel, Kirk] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Bolan, N (reprint author), UniSA, CERAR, Bldg X,Univ Blvd, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia. EM Nanthi.Bolan@unisa.edu.au RI Bolan, Nanthi/E-8535-2011; OI Bolan, Nanthi/0000-0003-2056-1692; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU [PJ009219] FX The postdoctoral fellowship program (PJ009219) with Dr. Won-II Kim at the National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea, supported Dr. Kunhikrishnan's contribution. NR 375 TC 175 Z9 206 U1 109 U2 583 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 266 BP 141 EP 166 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.018 PG 26 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB3JM UT WOS:000331687100016 PM 24394669 ER PT J AU Mwilu, SK Siska, E Baig, RBN Varma, RS Heithmar, E Rogers, KR AF Mwilu, Samuel K. Siska, Emily Baig, R. B. Nasir Varma, Rajender S. Heithmar, Ed Rogers, Kim R. TI Separation and measurement of silver nanoparticles and silver ions using magnetic particles SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Silver nanoparticles; Magnetic capture particles; Separation technique; Environmental monitoring ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; TOXICITY; SIZE AB The recent surge in consumer products and applications using metallic nanoparticles has increased the possibility of human or ecosystem exposure due to unintentional release into the environment. To protect consumer health and the environment, there is an urgent need to develop tools that can characterize and quantify these materials at low concentrations and in complex matrices. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles coated with either dopamine or glutathione were used to develop a new, simple and reliable method for the separation/pre-concentration of trace amounts of silver nanoparticles followed by their quantification using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The structurally modified magnetic particles were able to capture trace amounts of silver nanoparticles (similar to 2 ppb) and concentrate (up to 250 times) the particles for analysis with ICP-MS. Under laboratory conditions, recovery of silver nanoparticles was >99%. More importantly, the magnetic particles selectively captured silver nanoparticles in a mixture containing both nano-particulate and ionic silver. This unique feature addresses the challenges of separation and quantification of silver nanoparticles in addition to the total silver in environmental samples. Spiking experiments showed recoveries higher than 97% for tap water and both fresh and saline surface water. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mwilu, Samuel K.; Siska, Emily; Heithmar, Ed] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rogers, Kim R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rogers, KR (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rogers.kim@epa.gov FU National Research Council at US-EPA, Las Vegas FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development has provided administrative review of this article and approved it for publication. This work was performed while S.K. Mwilu held a National Research Council Fellowship at US-EPA, Las Vegas. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 472 BP 316 EP 323 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.077 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB6RB UT WOS:000331916100038 PM 24295749 ER PT J AU Novick, K Brantley, S Miniat, CF Walker, J Vose, JM AF Novick, K. Brantley, S. Miniat, C. Ford Walker, J. Vose, J. M. TI Inferring the contribution of advection to total ecosystem scalar fluxes over a tall forest in complex terrain SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Eddy covariance; Complex terrain; Advection; Sap flux; Carbon flux; Energy balance ID ENERGY-BALANCE CLOSURE; EDDY COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; FREQUENCY-RESPONSE CORRECTIONS; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TURBULENT FLUX; ALPINE FOREST; CO2 FLUX; EXCHANGE; RESPIRATION AB Multiple data streams from a new flux tower located in complex and heterogeneous terrain at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (North Carolina, USA) were integrated to identify periods of advective flow regimes. Drainage flows were expected a priori, due to the location of the measurement site at the base of a long, gently-sloping valley. Drainage flow was confirmed by examining vertical profile measurements of wind direction and by estimating vertical advection fluxes. The vertical advection flux of CO2 was most significant in early morning (000-0600 h) during the growing season, when it averaged similar to 5 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). Horizontal advection flux of CO2 was not directly measured in this study; however, an expected exponential relationship between nocturnal ecosystem respiration (RE) and air temperature was recovered when horizontal advection of CO2 was assumed to be negatively correlated to vertical advection, or when data were limited to periods when measured vertical advection fluxes were small. Taken together, these data imply the presence of a negative horizontal advection CO2 flux during nocturnal periods characterized by positive vertical advection of CO2. Daytime periods were characterized by consistent anabatic (up-valley) flows in mid- to late-morning (0500-1200 h) and consistent katabatic (down-valley) flows in the afternoon. A combination of above-canopy flux profile measurements, energy balance closure estimates, and flux footprint estimates suggest that during periods of up-valley wind flow, the flux footprint frequently exceeds the ecosystem dimensions, and horizontal advection fluxes related to landscape heterogeneity were a significant component of the total ecosystem flux of CO2. We used sap flux from individual trees beneath the tower to explore diurnal patterns in stomatal conductance in order to evaluate gapfilling approaches for the unreliable morning data. The relationship between stomatal conductance and vapor pressure deficit was similar in morning and afternoon periods, and we conclude that gapfilling morning data with models driven by afternoon data is a reasonable approach at this site. In general, results were consistent with other studies showing that the advection and wind flow regimes in complex terrain are highly site specific; nonetheless, the site characterization strategy developed here, when used together with independent estimates of components of the ecosystem carbon flux, could be generally applied in other sites to better understand the contribution of advection to the total ecosystem flux. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Novick, K.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Brantley, S.; Miniat, C. Ford] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC USA. [Brantley, S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Walker, J.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Vose, J. M.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Integrated Forest Sci, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources,Southern Res S, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Novick, K (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, 1315 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM knovick@indiana.edu RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014; OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783 NR 67 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD FEB 15 PY 2014 VL 185 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.10.010 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 300XV UT WOS:000330498200001 ER PT J AU Langley, R Hirsch, A McDaniel, J Lott, V Shehee, M Migit, S Dulaney, AR Negron, J Fleischauer, A AF Langley, Ricky Hirsch, Anne McDaniel, Jesse Lott, Valerie Shehee, Mina Migit, Samantha Dulaney, Anna Rouse Negron, Jose Fleischauer, Aaron TI Elemental Mercury Spill in School Bus and Residence - North Carolina, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Langley, Ricky; Hirsch, Anne; McDaniel, Jesse; Lott, Valerie; Shehee, Mina] CDC, North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Migit, Samantha] CDC, Iredell Cty Hlth Dept, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dulaney, Anna Rouse] CDC, Carolinas Poison Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Negron, Jose] CDC, US EPA, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fleischauer, Aaron] CDC, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Langley, R (reprint author), CDC, North Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rick.langley@dhhs.nc.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD FEB 14 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 131 EP 131 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AA7EN UT WOS:000331260200003 PM 24522097 ER PT J AU Fulford, RS Peterson, MS Wu, W Grammer, PO AF Fulford, R. S. Peterson, M. S. Wu, W. Grammer, P. O. TI An ecological model of the habitat mosaic in estuarine nursery areas: Part II-Projecting effects of sea level rise on fish production SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Estuary; Climate change; Fishery; Ecological model; Behavior ID SALT MARSHES; COASTAL WETLANDS; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; FLOW REGULATION; RIVER SYSTEMS; JUVENILE SPOT; FRAGMENTATION; GROWTH; LANDSCAPE; RECRUITMENT AB Understanding the response of fish populations to habitat change mediated by sea level rise (SLR) is a key component of ecosystem-based management. Yet, no direct link has been established between habitat change due to SLR and fish population production. Here we take a coupled modeling approach to examine the SLR-habitat-fish relationship based on projections of habitat change resulting from a 0.26 m increase in sea level by 2100 as input for a spatially-explicit individual-based model (SEIBM) of juvenile fish growth and mortality. This coupled modeling approach allows for an examination of both mechanistic and behavioral responses to habitat change, as well as the projected impact of these responses on population production. Habitat changes described with the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model (SLAMM 6.0.1) in response to SLR included a conversion of marsh and higher elevation habitat types into other structural types and open water, and an increase in overall fragmentation. These habitat changes were combined with measures of temporal change in dynamic habitat variables to form a habitat mosaic. The impact of changes in this mosaic on juvenile fish growth and mortality was largely dependent on movement strategy employed in the SEIBM followed by changes in dynamic habitat, and then changes in structural habitat projected by the SLAMM model. Movement strategy and SLR effects interacted strongly, which suggests that how fish respond to habitat change is a critical factor to understanding population-level effects. Overall, projected SLR effects on fish distribution most consistent with field data were initially negative for net fish production, but became net positive by the terminal year of SLR as the positive effects of fragmentation became most important. These results are consistent with empirical studies of coastal marsh production in the Gulf of Mexico and demonstrate the importance of incorporating a holistic measure of habitat quality and fish behavioral responses into any projection of SLR effects on estuarine fish production. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fulford, R. S.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Peterson, M. S.; Wu, W.; Grammer, P. O.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Ocean Springs, MS USA. RP Fulford, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM Fulford.Richard@epa.gov; mark.peterson@usm.edu; wei.wu@usm.edu; paul.grammer@usm.edu NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD FEB 10 PY 2014 VL 273 BP 96 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.10.032 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB3EJ UT WOS:000331673800010 ER PT J AU Rumsey, IC Aneja, VP AF Rumsey, Ian C. Aneja, Viney P. TI Measurement and Modeling of Hydrogen Sulfide Lagoon Emissions from a Swine Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASS-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; NORTH-CAROLINA; AIR-POLLUTION; AMMONIA; WATER; MANURE; ODOR; VOLATILIZATION; INTERFACE; SURFACES AB Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions were determined from an anaerobic lagoon at a swine concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO) in North Carolina. Measurements of H2S were made continuously from an anaerobic lagoon using a dynamic flow-through chamber for similar to 1 week during each of the four seasonal periods from June 2007 through April 2008. H2S lagoon fluxes were highest in the summer with a flux of 3.81 +/- 3.24 mu g m(-2) min(-1) and lowest in the winter with a flux of 0.08 +/- 0.09 mu g m(-2) min(-1). An air-manure interface (A-MI) mass transfer model was developed to predict H2S manure emissions. The accuracy of the A-MI mass transfer model in predicting H2S manure emissions was comprehensively evaluated by comparing the model predicted emissions to the continuously measured lagoon emissions using data from all four seasonal periods. In comparison to this measurement data, the A-MI mass transfer model performed well in predicting H2S fluxes with a slope of 1.13 and an r(2) value of 0.60, and a mean bias value of 0.655 mu g m(-2) min(-1). The A-MI mass transfer model also performed fairly well in predicting diurnal H2S lagoon flux trends. C1 [Rumsey, Ian C.; Aneja, Viney P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Rumsey, IC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rumsey.ian@epa.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture [NRI 2003-055360] FX Financial support for this research was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture as part of Contract NRI 2003-055360. We sincerely thank the farm owner for his cooperation. We would like to acknowledge Dr. Phillip Westerman, Kristen James, and Mark Yirka for their assistance. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 1609 EP 1617 DI 10.1021/es403716w PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA3TL UT WOS:000331015100033 PM 24387076 ER PT J AU Vedantham, R Landis, MS Olson, D Pancras, JP AF Vedantham, Ram Landis, Matthew S. Olson, David Pancras, Joseph Patrick TI Source Identification of PM2.5 in Steubenville, Ohio Using a Hybrid Method for Highly Time-Resolved Data SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; MERCURY WET DEPOSITION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; TRACE-ELEMENTS; HEALTHY-ADULTS; AIR-POLLUTION; EASTERN OHIO; AEROSOL; PITTSBURGH AB A new source-type identification method, Reduction and Species Clustering Using Episodes (ReSCUE), was developed to exploit the temporal synchronicity typically observed between ambient species in high time resolution fine particulate matter (PM2.5) data to form clusters that vary together. High time-resolution (30 min) PM2.5 sampling was conducted for a month during the summer of 2006 in Steubenville, OH, an EPA designated nonattainment area for the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). When the data were evaluated, the species clusters from ReSCUE matched extremely well with the source types identified by EPA Unmix demonstrating that ReSCUE is a valuable tool in identifying source types. Results from EPA Unmix show that contributions to PM2.5 are mostly from iron/steel manufacturing (36% +/- 9%), crustal matter (33% +/- 11%), and coal combustion (11% +/- 19%). More importantly, ReSCUE was useful in (i) providing objective data driven guidance for the number of source factors and key fitting species for EPA Unmix, and (ii) detecting tenuous associations between some species and source types in the results derived by EPA Unmix. C1 [Vedantham, Ram; Landis, Matthew S.; Olson, David] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Pancras, Joseph Patrick] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Landis, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM landis.matthew@epa.gov RI Landis, Matthew/P-5149-2014 OI Landis, Matthew/0000-0002-8742-496X NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 1718 EP 1726 DI 10.1021/es402704n PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA3TL UT WOS:000331015100045 PM 24387270 ER PT J AU Conmy, RN Coble, PG Farr, J Wood, AM Lee, K Pegau, WS Walsh, ID Koch, CR Abercrombie, MI Miles, MS Lewis, MR Ryan, SA Robinson, BJ King, TL Kelble, CR Lacoste, J AF Conmy, Robyn N. Coble, Paula G. Farr, James Wood, A. Michelle Lee, Kenneth Pegau, W. Scott Walsh, Ian D. Koch, Corey R. Abercrombie, Mary I. Miles, M. Scott Lewis, Marlon R. Ryan, Scott A. Robinson, Brian J. King, Thomas L. Kelble, Christopher R. Lacoste, Jordanna TI Submersible Optical Sensors Exposed to Chemically Dispersed Crude Oil: Wave Tank Simulations for Improved Oil Spill Monitoring SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EMISSION MATRIX SPECTROSCOPY; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; WATER; BIODEGRADATION; SEAWATER; MARINE AB In situ fluorometers were deployed during the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) Gulf of Mexico oil spill to track the subsea oil plume. Uncertainties regarding instrument specifications and capabilities necessitated performance testing of sensors exposed to simulated, dispersed oil plumes. Dynamic ranges of the Chelsea. Technologies Group AQUAtracka, Turner Designs Cyclops, Satlantic SUNA and WET Labs, Inc. ECO, exposed to fresh and artificially weathered crude oil, were determined. Sensors were standardized against known oil volumes and total petroleum hydrocarbons and benzene-toluene-ethylbenzene-xylene measurements-both collected during spills, providing oil estimates during wave tank dilution experiments. All sensors estimated oil concentrations down to 300 ppb oil, refuting previous reports. Sensor performance results spill data and formulating future protocols. assist interpretation of DWH oil spill data and formulating future protocols. C1 [Conmy, Robyn N.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Coble, Paula G.; Abercrombie, Mary I.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Farr, James] NOAA, Off Response & Restorat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Wood, A. Michelle; Kelble, Christopher R.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Lee, Kenneth; Ryan, Scott A.; Robinson, Brian J.; King, Thomas L.] Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. [Pegau, W. Scott] Oil Spill Recovery Inst, Cordova, AK 99574 USA. [Walsh, Ian D.; Koch, Corey R.] WET Labs Inc, Philomath, OR 97370 USA. [Miles, M. Scott] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Lewis, Marlon R.; Lacoste, Jordanna] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. RP Conmy, RN (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 West Martin Luther King Blvd, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM conmy.robyn@epa.gov RI Kelble, Christopher/A-8511-2008 OI Kelble, Christopher/0000-0003-0914-4134 FU DFO Canada FX We thank all funding sources for the experiments at COOGER-BIO (Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada): IOOS support (Alliance for Coastal Technology), NOAA's supplemental DWH appropriation, salary support from home institutions, DFO Canada and internal travel support by Horiba JY, Oil Spill Recovery Institute, WET Labs, Inc. This document has been reviewed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This is a contribution from the Land Remediation and Pollution Control Division. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 42 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 1803 EP 1810 DI 10.1021/es404206y PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA3TL UT WOS:000331015100055 PM 24377909 ER PT J AU Trunnelle, KJ Bennett, DH Tulve, NS Clifton, MS Davis, MD Calafat, AM Moran, R Tancredi, DJ Hertz-Picciotto, I AF Trunnelle, Kelly J. Bennett, Deborah H. Tulve, Nicolle S. Clifton, Matthew Scott Davis, Mark D. Calafat, Antonia M. Moran, Rebecca Tancredi, Daniel J. Hertz-Picciotto, Irva TI Urinary Pyrethroid and Chlorpyrifos Metabolite Concentrations in Northern California Families and Their Relationship to Indoor Residential Insecticide Levels, Part of the Study of Use of Products and Exposure Related Behavior (SUPERB) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; IN-HOUSE DUST; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; CHILDRENS EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; HOMES; POPULATION; PERMETHRIN; NEURODEVELOPMENT; QUANTIFICATION AB Since the 2001 U.S. federally mandated phase-out of residential uses of organophosphates (OPs), use of and potential for human exposure to pyrethroids in the indoor residential environment has increased. We report concentrations of common pyrethroids, pyrethroid metabolites, and chlorpyrifos in floor wipes, and urinary concentrations of pyrethroid metabolites and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) in samples collected in 2007-2009 from 90 northern California families as part of the Study of Use of Products and Exposure Related Behavior (SUPERB). Correlation and regression analyses examined associations between floor wipe and urine sample concentrations. The most frequently detected urinary metabolites were TCPy (64.7%, median concentration of 1.47 ng/mL) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) (62.4%, 0.79 ng/mL). Compared to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2002 general U.S. population, this population had substantially higher pyrethroid metabolite and lower TCPy urinary concentrations. This may be related to the increased residential use of pyrethroids after the phase-out of OPs. Chlorpyrifos (98.7%), cis- and trans-permethrin (97.5%), bifenthrin (59.3%), and 3PBA (98.7%) were frequently detected in the floor wipes. Floor wipe concentrations for pyrethroid insecticides were found to be significant predictors of child creatinine-adjusted urinary metabolite concentrations (log log regression coefficients ranging from 0.26 to 0.29; p < 0.05) suggesting that indoor residential exposure to pyrethroid insecticides is an important exposure route for children. C1 [Trunnelle, Kelly J.; Bennett, Deborah H.; Moran, Rebecca; Hertz-Picciotto, Irva] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Clifton, Matthew Scott] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Davis, Mark D.; Calafat, Antonia M.] CDC, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tancredi, Daniel J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. RP Trunnelle, KJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kjtrunnelle@ucdavis.edu RI Tancredi, Daniel/O-3381-2013 OI Tancredi, Daniel/0000-0002-3884-7907 FU The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development [RD-83154001] FX The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded this research through a Science to Achieve Results (STAR) grant RD-83154001. The U.S. EPA provided in-kind support for analysis of wipe samples. Analysis of urinary metabolites was provided through in-kind support by CDC. This study would not have been possible without the participants who patiently gave their time. We acknowledge the technical assistance of C. Chambers, P. Olive, P. Restrepo, W. Roman, and E. Wade in measuring the urinary concentrations. The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for publication. The use of trade names is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or the CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 45 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 4 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 1931 EP 1939 DI 10.1021/es403661a PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA3TL UT WOS:000331015100070 PM 24422434 ER PT J AU Adcock, NJ Morris, BJ Rice, EW AF Adcock, Noreen J. Morris, Brian J. Rice, Eugene W. TI Acid Resistance in Francisella tularensis SO MICROBIOLOGYOPEN LA English DT Article DE Gastric fluid; ingestion; tularemia; waterborne ID GASTRIC-ACID; TULAREMIA; WATER; BACTERIA; TOLERANCE; INFECTION; GROWTH AB Francisella tularensis, the etiologic agent of tularemia, can survive under acidic conditions. Tularemia can be acquired by several routes, including by ingestion of contaminated food or water. While acid resistance is usually associated with a low oral infective dose (ID), the ID for gastrointestinal illness is quite high. In this study, four strains of F. tularensis ssp. tularensis (type A) and four strains of F. tularensis ssp. holarctica (type B) were examined for innate acid resistance and the ability to survive in synthetic gastric fluid (SGF) under in vitro conditions similar to passage through the human stomach. Survival for all strains was significantly less in pH 2.5 SGF than in pH 2.5 phosphate-buffered saline and pH 4.0 SGF. Attenuated strains were consistently less resistant. Type B strains are most often associated with waterborne outbreaks and were examined after storage in natural water. Low-nutrient preadaptation resulted in increased resistance. Although F. tularensis can persist under certain acidic conditions, it is sensitive to conditions replicating the fasting human stomach. This may help explain the high ID required for gastrointestinal infections. C1 [Adcock, Noreen J.; Rice, Eugene W.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Morris, Brian J.] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Adcock, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 681, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM adcock.noreen@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This work was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-8827 J9 MICROBIOLOGYOPEN JI MicrobiologyOpen PD FEB PY 2014 VL 3 IS 1 BP 133 EP 138 DI 10.1002/mbo3.151 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AP8TP UT WOS:000342352300012 PM 24399669 ER PT J AU Borst, M Brown, RA AF Borst, Michael Brown, Robert A. TI CHLORIDE RELEASED FROM THREE PERMEABLE PAVEMENT SURFACES AFTER WINTER SALT APPLICATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE pervious concrete; porous asphalt; permeable interlocking concrete pavers; green infrastructure; stormwater control measure; field study; deicing salt; chloride ID ROAD DEICING SALT; TOXICITY; SODIUM; FRESH AB Few studies exist on how chloride from chloride-based deicers is transported in infiltration-based stormwater control measures. In 2009, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) constructed a 0.4 ha parking lot in Edison, New Jersey, that was surfaced with permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). Each surface type has four equally sized, lined sections that direct all infiltrate to separate 5.7 m(3) collection tanks. The USEPA acute criterion for aquatic life (860 mg/l) was exceeded in events immediately following a snow event. Concentrations of the infiltrate exceeded the detection limit (5 mg/l) year round but did not exceed the USEPA chronic toxicity (230 mg/l) after April. The chloride concentration decreased with cumulative rainfall since previous snow event, and a power regression described this relationship. In the power regression, the coefficient (b) described the initial concentration following a snow event, and the exponent (m) described the rate in which chloride was flushed through the system with infiltrating water. PC had the largest coefficient (5,664) and largest absolute exponent (-0.92), followed closely by PICP (b = 4,943 and m = -0.87), and distantly by PA (b = 2,907 and m = -0.67). The differences in release rate were proportional to the measured surface infiltration rates of 4,000; 2,400; and 200 cm/h for PC, PICP, and PA, respectively. These results will assist those who manage or regulate stormwater where receiving waters are chloride impaired. C1 [Borst, Michael] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Brown, Robert A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Borst, M (reprint author), US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS-104, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM brown.robert-a@epa.gov FU PARS Environmental [EP-C-10-054]; National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX The authors thank Mr. Keith Kelty of the USEPA's Treatment Technology Evaluation Branch and PARS Environmental under contract EP-C-10-054 for analytical results and PARS Environmental for sample collection. This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 50 IS 1 BP 29 EP 41 DI 10.1111/jawr.12132 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AJ4IQ UT WOS:000337639100003 ER PT J AU Hogan, DM Jarnagin, ST Loperfido, JV Van Ness, K AF Hogan, Dianna M. Jarnagin, S. Taylor Loperfido, J. V. Van Ness, Keith TI MITIGATING THE EFFECTS OF LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT ON STREAMS IN URBANIZING WATERSHEDS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Best Management Practices (BMPs); sediment and erosion control; stormwater management; erosion; geomorphology; sediment; biotic integrity; urban areas; sediment ID CONSTRUCTION SITES; SEDIMENT YIELD; LAND-USE; EROSION; URBANIZATION; PERFORMANCE; CATCHMENT; BASEFLOW; MARYLAND; RECHARGE AB This collaborative study examined urbanization and impacts on area streams while using the best available sediment and erosion control (S&EC) practices in developing watersheds in Maryland, United States. During conversion of the agricultural and forested watersheds to urban land use, land surface topography was graded and vegetation was removed creating a high potential for sediment generation and release during storm events. The currently best available S&EC facilities were used during the development process to mitigate storm runoff water quality, quantity, and timing before entering area streams. Detailed Geographic Information System (GIS) maps were created to visualize changing land use and S&EC practices, five temporal collections of LiDAR (light detection and ranging) imagery were used to map the changing landscape topography, and streamflow, physical geomorphology, and habitat data were used to assess the ability of the S&EC facilities to protect receiving streams during development. Despite the use of the best available S&EC facilities, receiving streams experienced altered flow, geomorphology, and decreased biotic community health. These impacts on small streams during watershed development affect sediment and nutrient loads to larger downstream aquatic ecosystems such as the Chesapeake Bay. C1 [Hogan, Dianna M.; Loperfido, J. V.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Jarnagin, S. Taylor] US EPA, Landscape Ecol Branch, Environm Sci Div, Off Res & Dev,Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Van Ness, Keith] Montgomery Cty Dept Environm Protect, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Hogan, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM dhogan@usgs.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA); Montgomery County Department of Environmental Protection (DEP); USGS; University of Maryland (UMD); USEPA [DW14921533, DW14921811, DW14922385] FX This work would not have been possible without the Clarksburg Integrated Study Partnership, which includes the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Montgomery County Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), the USGS, and the University of Maryland (UMD). Invaluable help with access to information and work on environmental data collection and analysis was given by Montgomery County DEP including Alicia Youmans, Jenny St. John, Rachel Gauza, Eric Naibert, Bill Green, and Amy Stevens. The Montgomery County Planning Department of Permitting Services also readily provided help, advice, and access to data, and includes Richard Gee, Derek Isensee, Tom Wheadon, Leo Galanko, Rich Brush, and Mike Reahl. The authors are especially grateful to Annette Hall of the USGS Eastern Geographic Science Center for leading the production of the original BMP maps for Clarksburg, Maryland, which provided the basis for much of the subsequent efforts. The authors would also like to thank Asa Eckert-Erdheim, Dr. Kaye Brubaker's Intro to GIS class at University of Maryland College Park, several USEPA support contractors in Las Vegas, and USGS interns Brianna Hammond and Cameron Hill for help in completing the LULC classification mapping. The authors are grateful for support from Meo Curtis and Steve Shofar at Montgomery County, and to Wendy Hanley, Montgomery Department of Parks, for study site access. The LiDAR collection and ground survey required a team effort with help from Kaye Brubaker, Vince Gardina, John Jones, and experts from Johnson Mirmiran & Thompson. Ed Dohney and Matt Baker of USGS provided support for the USGS stream gauges. The LiDAR data referenced in this document have been funded in part by the USEPA. The streamflow gauge data referenced in this document have been funded in part by the USEPA under assistance agreements DW14921533, DW14921811, and DW14922385 to the USGS. Thanks also go to Jonathan Smith of the USGS Land Change Science (LCS) Program, the USGS Chesapeake Bay Program, and to the USGS Mendenhall Research Program. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 9 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 50 IS 1 BP 163 EP 178 DI 10.1111/jawr.12123 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AJ4IQ UT WOS:000337639100013 ER PT J AU Mohamoud, YM AF Mohamoud, Yusuf M. TI Time Series Separation and Reconstruction Technique to Estimate Daily Suspended Sediment Concentrations SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Suspended sediment; Time series separation and reconstruction; Sediment rating curve ID RATING CURVES; NEURAL-NETWORK; WATER-QUALITY; DISCHARGE; LOADS; MODEL; PREDICTION; RIVERS; STAGE AB High suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) from natural and anthropogenic sources are responsible for biological impairments of many streams, rivers, lakes, and estuaries, but techniques to estimate sediment concentrations or loads accurately at the daily temporal resolution are not available. This paper presents a time series separation and reconstruction technique (TSSR) that separates time series data (e.g., streamflow or SSC series) into two components: magnitude or duration curve and time sequence or simply sequence as referred throughout this paper. This technique uses only magnitude to estimate sediment rating curves (SRCs) and sediment duration curves (SDCs) and uses both components to estimate daily SSC series for gauged and ungauged sites. Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency between observed and TSSR estimated SDCs for study watersheds ranged from 0.89 to 0.99. For two selected gauged sites, model efficiencies between observed and TSSR estimated SSC series were 0.96 and 0.98, and for two ungauged sites model efficiencies were 0.65 and 0.88. TSSR's improved performance is attributed to its ability to separate time series into two components, build individual SRCs, complete SDCs from the magnitude, and convert the estimated SDCs to SSC series using stored sequence to reshuffle the SDCs. For gauged sites, sequence embedded in the observed SSC series of the site itself is used, but for ungauged sites, sequence is obtained from nearby gauged sites. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Mohamoud, YM (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Mohamoud.yusuf@epa.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 19 IS 2 BP 328 EP 338 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000814 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AG1BK UT WOS:000335149700022 ER PT J AU Ramakrishnan, A Surampalli, RY AF Ramakrishnan, Anushuya Surampalli, Rao Y. TI Effect of Media Packing Density on the Performance of Anaerobic Hybrid Reactors for the Treatment of Complex Phenolic Wastewater SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Methane; Sludge; Filters; Biological processes; Phenol; Coal; Wastewater management; Anaerobic treatment; Methane; Sludge; Filter media; Biodegradation; Phenol; Coal wastewater ID SLUDGE BLANKET REACTOR; UASB REACTORS; DEGRADATION; BIODEGRADATION; MIXTURE; FILTER; CRESOL; RATIO; BED AB The effect of media packing on the performance of anaerobic hybrid reactors (combining upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors and anaerobic filters) was examined for the treatment of simulated coal wastewater at four hydraulic retention times (HRTs) under mesophilic (27 +/- 5 degrees C) conditions. PVC rings were used as filter media; they were maintained at varying packing densities in three experimental reactors (R1, R2, and R3) at 34.29, 24.29, and 14.13kgm-3. Synthetic coal wastewater with an average chemical oxygen demand of 2,240mgL-1 and concentration of phenolics of 752mgL-1 was used as substrate. During the four-month operation, the HRT was shortened from 0.66 to 0.33days. The removal of phenolics was favored in Reactors R1 (98-92%) and R2 (96-86%) more than R3 (94-82%) with the reduction of HRT. Biomass concentration of Reactors R1 and R2 increased from 42 to 69.7 and 64.7g VSSL-1 with an increase in the density of the packing media. Microbial biomass distribution revealed the lowest number of methanogens in Reactor R3 as a result of rapid washout of biomass. C1 [Ramakrishnan, Anushuya] UT Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Lenexa, KS 66285 USA. RP Ramakrishnan, A (reprint author), UT Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, 1200 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM anushuyar@gmail.com NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 2 AR 04013005 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000785 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC3UM UT WOS:000332446700003 ER PT J AU McLanahan, ED White, P Flowers, L Schlosser, PM AF McLanahan, Eva D. White, Paul Flowers, Lynn Schlosser, Paul M. TI The Use of PBPK Models to Inform Human Health Risk Assessment: Case Study on Perchlorate and Radioiodide Human Lifestage Models SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Human; PBPK model; perchlorate; radioiodide; risk assessment ID AMMONIUM-PERCHLORATE; THYROID-FUNCTION; DRINKING-WATER; IODIDE UPTAKE; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; RADIOACTIVE IODIDE; BREAST-MILK; INHIBITION; RATS; THIOCYANATE AB Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are often submitted to or selected by agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, for consideration for application in human health risk assessment (HHRA). Recently, U.S. EPA evaluated the human PBPK models for perchlorate and radioiodide for their ability to estimate the relative sensitivity of perchlorate inhibition on thyroidal radioiodide uptake for various population groups and lifestages. The most well-defined mode of action of the environmental contaminant, perchlorate, is competitive inhibition of thyroidal iodide uptake by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). In this analysis, a six-step framework for PBPK model evaluation was followed, and with a few modifications, the models were determined to be suitable for use in HHRA to evaluate relative sensitivity among human lifestages. Relative sensitivity to perchlorate was determined by comparing the PBPK model predicted percent inhibition of thyroidal radioactive iodide uptake (RAIU) by perchlorate for different lifestages. A limited sensitivity analysis indicated that model parameters describing urinary excretion of perchlorate and iodide were particularly important in prediction of RAIU inhibition; therefore, a range of biologically plausible values available in the peer-reviewed literature was evaluated. Using the updated PBPK models, the greatest sensitivity to RAIU inhibition was predicted to be the near-term fetus (gestation week 40) compared to the average adult and other lifestages; however, when exposure factors were taken into account, newborns were found to be populations that need further evaluation and consideration in a risk assessment for perchlorate. C1 [McLanahan, Eva D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [White, Paul; Flowers, Lynn; Schlosser, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP McLanahan, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Mailcode B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM McLanahan.Eva@epa.gov OI Schlosser, Paul/0000-0002-9699-9108 NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 34 IS 2 BP 356 EP 366 DI 10.1111/risa.12101 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA AA8PV UT WOS:000331358300012 PM 23901895 ER PT J AU Guo, ZS AF Guo, Zhishi TI A framework for modelling non-steady-state concentrations of semivolatile organic compounds indoors -II. Interactions with particulate matter SO INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Modelling framework; Particulate matter; Semivolatile organic compounds; Settled dust; State-space ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; IN-HOUSE DUST; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; SETTLED DUST; GAS-PHASE; SURFACES; SORPTION; AIR; ENVIRONMENTS; DEPOSITION AB This paper describes a method for dynamic modelling of the interactions of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) with airborne and settled particulate matter in the indoor environment. As part of the framework for dynamic modelling of indoor SVOCs recently proposed by this author, this method is fully compatible with the other components in the framework. With reduced computational complexity, the method is more flexible than the existing dynamic models. Despite the uncertainties in some of the key parameters, the simulation results have revealed important information regarding the general behaviour of SVOC-particle interactions and the role of particulate matter in human exposure to indoor SVOCs. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Guo, ZS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM guo.zhishi@epa.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1420-326X EI 1423-0070 J9 INDOOR BUILT ENVIRON JI Indoor Built Environ. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 23 IS 1 SI SI BP 26 EP 43 DI 10.1177/1420326X13496802 PG 18 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AD3VG UT WOS:000333173700003 ER PT J AU Gray, M Johnson, MG Dragila, MI Kleber, M AF Gray, Myles Johnson, Mark G. Dragila, Maria I. Kleber, Markus TI Water uptake in biochars: The roles of porosity and hydrophobicity SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Water uptake; Porosity; Hydrophobicity; FTIR ID BLACK CARBON BIOCHAR; DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES; PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE; ACTIVATED CARBONS; WOOD; CHARS; ADSORPTION; CHARCOAL; CARBONIZATION; SOLUBILITY AB We assessed the effects of porosity and hydrophobicity on water uptake by biochars. Biochars were produced from two feedstocks (hazelnut shells and Douglas fir chips) at three production temperatures (370 degrees C, 500 degrees C, and 620 degrees C). To distinguish the effects of porosity from the effects of hydrophobicity, we compared uptake of water to uptake of ethanol (which is completely wetting and not affected by hydrophobic materials). For both feedstocks, low temperature biochars took up less water than high temperature biochars but the same amount of ethanol, suggesting that differences in water uptake based on production temperature reflect differences in surface hydrophobicity, not porosity. Conversely, Douglas fir biochars took up more water than hazelnut shell biochars due to greater porosity. Thus, designing biochars for water holding applications requires two considerations: (a) creating sufficient porosity through feedstock selection, and (b) determining a production temperature that reduces hydrophobicity to an acceptable level. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gray, Myles; Dragila, Maria I.; Kleber, Markus] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Johnson, Mark G.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Kleber, Markus] Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res ZALF, Inst Soil Landscape Res, D-15374 Muncheberg, Germany. RP Gray, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 3017 Ag & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM myles.gray@oregonstate.edu FU Western Regional Center of the Sun Grant Initiative; Agricultural Research Foundation at Oregon State University; Institute of Soil Landscape Research, Leibniz-Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Muencheberg, Germany [15374]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported by grants from the Western Regional Center of the Sun Grant Initiative and from the Agricultural Research Foundation at Oregon State University. MK further acknowledges support through a research fellowship from the Institute of Soil Landscape Research, Leibniz-Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Muencheberg, Germany. The authors appreciate usage of analytical equipment at US Environmental Protection Agency in Corvallis, OR. The authors are also grateful to John Miedema of BioLogical Carbon who produced the biochars used in this study. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 36 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 10 U2 64 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 61 BP 196 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.12.010 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AC8SP UT WOS:000332805400020 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Good chemical manufacturing process criteria SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item ID SYNTHESIS PLANS; GREENNESS; METRICS; INDEXES C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD FEB PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1007/s10098-014-0725-8 PG 7 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC9PY UT WOS:000332867800003 ER PT J AU Ryberg, M Vieira, MDM Zgola, M Bare, J Rosenbaum, RK AF Ryberg, Morten Vieira, Marisa D. M. Zgola, Melissa Bare, Jane Rosenbaum, Ralph K. TI Updated US and Canadian normalization factors for TRACI 2.1 SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Article ID CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY; MODEL AB When LCA practitioners perform LCAs, the interpretation of the results can be difficult without a reference point to benchmark the results. Hence, normalization factors are important for relating results to a common reference. The main purpose of this paper was to update the normalization factors for the US and US-Canadian regions. The normalization factors were used for highlighting the most contributing substances, thereby enabling practitioners to put more focus on important substances, when compiling the inventory, as well as providing them with normalization factors reflecting the actual situation. Normalization factors were calculated using characterization factors from the TRACI 2.1 LCIA model. The inventory was based on US databases on emissions of substances. The Canadian inventory was based on a previous inventory with 2005 as reference, in this inventory the most significant substances were updated to 2008 data. The results showed that impact categories were generally dominated by a small number of substances. The contribution analysis showed that the reporting of substance classes was highly significant for the environmental impacts, although in reality, these substances are nonspecific in composition, so the characterization factors which were selected to represent these categories may be significantly different from the actual identity of these aggregates. Furthermore the contribution highlighted the issue of carefully examining the effects of metals, even though the toxicity based categories have only interim characterization factors calculated with USEtox. A need for improved understanding of the wide range of uncertainties incorporated into studies with reported substance classes was indentified. This was especially important since aggregated substance classes are often used in LCA modeling when information on the particular substance is missing. Given the dominance of metals to the human and ecotoxicity categories, it is imperative to refine the CFs within USEtox. Some of the results within this paper indicate that soil emissions of metals are significantly higher than we expect in actuality. C1 [Ryberg, Morten; Rosenbaum, Ralph K.] Tech Univ Denmark DTU, Dept Engn Management, Div Quantitat Sustainabil Assessment QSA, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Vieira, Marisa D. M.] PRe Consultants Bv, NL-3821 Amersfoort, Netherlands. [Zgola, Melissa] Quantis Int, Boston, MA 02110 USA. [Bare, Jane] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ryberg, M (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark DTU, Dept Engn Management, Div Quantitat Sustainabil Assessment QSA, Prod Storvet,Bldg 426, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM mortenryberg87@gmail.com RI QSA, DTU/J-4787-2014; Ryberg, Morten/N-4958-2015; OI Ryberg, Morten/0000-0003-2589-8729; Rosenbaum, Ralph/0000-0002-7620-1568 NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD FEB PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 329 EP 339 DI 10.1007/s10098-013-0629-z PG 11 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC9PY UT WOS:000332867800011 ER PT J AU Simpson, RD AF Simpson, R. David TI Ecosystem services as substitute inputs: Basic results and important implications for conservation policy SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Ecological production function; Comparative statics; Land allocation; Substitution ID FOREST AB In recent decades conservation advocates have often emphasized the contributions of ecosystem services to the production of other products. A demonstration of the value of ecosystems as inputs into production would motivate their conservation. Such arguments often offer the observation that ecosystem services can substitute for purchased inputs, and thus reduce costs. If this is true, however, it has another important implication: a producer who is preserving local ecosystems so as to maximize her own profit will produce less output if she further increases her reliance on ecosystem services. This may induce "leakage," by which one producer's greater reliance on ecosystem services indirectly motivates others to preserve fewer natural ecosystems. I demonstrate this result in a simple but canonical model, and calibrate my findings to a celebrated example to show they could be quantitatively significant. My results suggest another reason that appeals to ecosystem services as a motivation for conservation should be made with care. At the most basic level, they emphasize the importance of being clear about what we mean by conservation: do we want to save some diversity in many places, or nearly all indigenous diversity in a few places? Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20046 USA. RP Simpson, RD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1301 Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20046 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 98 BP 102 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.12.012 PG 7 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA AC1NS UT WOS:000332263900011 ER PT J AU Ball, BA Carrillo, Y Molina, M AF Ball, Becky A. Carrillo, Yolima Molina, Marirosa TI The influence of litter composition across the litter-soil interface on mass loss, nitrogen dynamics and the decomposer community SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Litter mixtures; Decomposition; Decomposer community; Nitrogen mobilization; PLFA; Litter-soil continuum ID PLANT LITTER; LEAF-LITTER; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ORGANIC-MATTER; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; FOREST SOILS; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; QUALITY; IMPACT AB Many studies have investigated the influence of plant litter species composition on decomposition, but results have been context-dependent. Litter and soil are considered to constitute a decomposition continuum, but whether litter and soil ecosystems respond to litter identity and mixing in the same manner is unsure. In a field experiment utilizing 5 litter species and their mixture, we investigated whether the effects of litter identity and mixing on mass loss, nutrient dynamics, and decomposer communities are consistent across the litter soil interface. In monoculture, mass loss and nitrogen (N) dynamics in the litter layer corresponded to the underlying soil N availability, demonstrating the continuum of resources from litter to soil. Litter microbial biomass and mesofauna abundance tended to be greater on litter with a faster decay rate and greater N release. However, soil decomposer abundance and diversity were not greater with higher soil N, causing litter and soil communities to respond differently to litter identity. Non-additive mass loss and N dynamics were observed after 6 months, and were correlated with non-additive litter microbial community composition and litter mesofauna communities, but all other aspects of the litter community and all measures of the soil community were additive. Decomposer communities and N dynamics did not respond similarly to the litter mixture across the litter soil interface. This study is one of the few to comprehensively examine how a litter mixture influences decomposition dynamics and communities across the soil litter interface, including multiple taxa and trophic levels. Our results demonstrate that processes associated with decomposition are decoupled for litter and soil, particularly in that litter showed non-additivity in mass loss, N release and decomposer community, but soil responses were largely additive. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ball, Becky A.] Arizona State Univ West Campus, Sch Math & Nat Sci, Glendale, AZ 85306 USA. [Carrillo, Yolima] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia. [Molina, Marirosa] US Environm Protect Agcy, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Ball, BA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ West Campus, Sch Math & Nat Sci, 4701 W Thunderbird Rd, Glendale, AZ 85306 USA. EM becky.ball@asu.edu RI Ball, Becky/E-6573-2011 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-9632854, DEB-0218001]; USDA-Southern Region SARE [GS05-044] FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation grants to the Coweeta LTER Program (DEB-9632854 and DEB-0218001) and USDA-Southern Region SARE funding (GS05-044). We thank Kathryn Mitchell, Sunny Shanks, Ashley Johnson, Jimmy Blackmon, Ryan Malloy and Seth Wenger for lab and field assistance. We also thank Carl Jordan, Mark Hunter and Mark Bradford for their input. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the USEPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the USEPA. NR 68 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 11 U2 104 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 69 BP 71 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.201310.048 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AC1MV UT WOS:000332261600010 ER PT J AU Scheffe, RD Lynch, JA Reff, A Kelly, JT Hubbell, B Greaver, TL Smith, JT AF Scheffe, Richard D. Lynch, Jason A. Reff, Adam Kelly, James T. Hubbell, Bryan Greaver, Tara L. Smith, J. Travis TI The Aquatic Acidification Index: A New Regulatory Metric Linking Atmospheric and Biogeochemical Models to Assess Potential Aquatic Ecosystem Recovery SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Atmospheric deposition; Critical loads; National Ambient Air Quality Standards ID CRITICAL LOADS; SURFACE WATERS; ADIRONDACK REGION; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; SULFUR BUDGETS; AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES; NEW-YORK; LAKES; NITROGEN AB US National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are based on quantitative linkages between ambient air concentrations and an effects indicator. Critical loads (CLs) can provide quantitative information on safe levels of atmospheric deposition to aquatic systems, but CLs cannot be directly used in the NAAQS context because they are not expressed in terms of atmospheric concentrations. Here, we describe the aquatic acidification index (AAI) model that incorporates CL concepts and relates atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur concentrations to an acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) effects indicator (Fig. 1). The AAI estimates the potential surface water ANC associated with a set of atmospheric concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur and a region's bio-geochemical and hydrological attributes by combining steady-state CL modeling with air quality modeling outputs. Initial applications of the AAI model yielded results consistent with well-recognized spatial patterns of acid-sensitive aquatic systems. Furthermore, the response of AAI predictions to future year changes in NOx and SOx emissions suggest that planned national emission reduction strategies designed to reduce ozone and particulate matter air pollution will produce increases in surface water ANC. C1 [Scheffe, Richard D.; Reff, Adam; Kelly, James T.; Hubbell, Bryan; Greaver, Tara L.; Smith, J. Travis] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Scheffe, RD (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM scheffe.rich@epa.gov RI Kelly, James/F-8135-2010; OI Kelly, James/0000-0001-6574-5714; Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438 NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 225 IS 2 AR 1838 DI 10.1007/s11270-013-1838-0 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA AB5KW UT WOS:000331828400011 ER PT J AU Mills, LJ Gutjahr-Gobell, RE Zaroogian, GE Horowitz, DB Laws, SC AF Mills, Lesley J. Gutjahr-Gobell, Ruth E. Zaroogian, Gerald E. Horowitz, Doranne Borsay Laws, Susan C. TI Modulation of aromatase activity as a mode of action for endocrine disrupting chemicals in a marine fish SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aromatase; Endocrine disruption; EDCs; Fish; Reproduction ID MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; BASS DICENTRARCHUS-LABRAX; MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; TAUTOGOLABRUS-ADSPERSUS WALBAUM; KILLIFISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; CYTOCHROME-P450 AROMATASE; BRAIN AROMATASE AB The steroidogenic enzyme aromatase catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens and therefore plays a central role in reproduction. In contrast to most vertebrates, teleost fish have two distinct forms of aromatase. Because brain aromatase activity in fish is up to 1000 times that in mammals, fish may be especially susceptible to negative effects from environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that impact aromatase activity. In this study, the effects of estradiol (E-2), ethynylestradiol (EE2), octylphenol (OP), and androstatrienedione (ATD) on reproduction and aromatase activity in brains and gonads from the marine fish cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus) was investigated. The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between changes in aromatase activity and reproductive output in a marine fish, as well as compare aromatase activity to two commonly used indicators of EDC exposure, plasma vitellogenin (vrG) and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Results with E-2, EE2, and ATD indicate that aromatase activity in cunner brain and ovary are affected differently by exposure to these EDCs. In the case of E-2 and EE2, male brain aromatase activity was signficantly increased by these treatments, female brain aromatase activity was unaffected, and ovarian aromatase activity was significantly decreased. Treatment with the aromatase inhibitor ATD resulted in significantly decreased aromatase activity in male and female brain, but had no significant impact on ovarian aromatase activity. Regardless of test chemical, a decrease or an increase in male brain aromatase activity relative to controls was associated with decreased egg production in cunner and was also correlated with significant changes in GSI in both sexes. E-2 and EE2 significantly elevated plasma VTG in males and females, while ATD had no significant effect. Treatment of cunner with OP had no significant effect on any measured endpoint. Overall, results with these exposures indicate EDCs that impact aromatase activity also affect reproductive output in spawning cunner. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mills, Lesley J.; Gutjahr-Gobell, Ruth E.; Zaroogian, Gerald E.; Horowitz, Doranne Borsay] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Laws, Susan C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxic Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Mills, LJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM mills.lesley@epa.gov NR 117 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X EI 1879-1514 J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 147 BP 140 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.12.023 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA AB5VK UT WOS:000331856600017 PM 24418745 ER PT J AU Felgenhauer, T Webster, M AF Felgenhauer, Tyler Webster, Mort TI Modeling adaptation as a flow and stock decision with mitigation SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DICE MODEL; UNCERTAINTY AB An effective policy response to climate change will include, among other things, investments in lowering greenhouse gas emissions (mitigation), as well as short-term temporary (flow) and long-lived capital-intensive (stock) adaptation to climate change. A critical near-term question is how investments in reducing climate damages should be allocated across these elements of a climate policy portfolio, especially in the face of uncertainty in both future climate damages and also the effectiveness of yet-untested adaptation efforts. We build on recent efforts in DICE-based integrated assessment modeling approaches that include two types of adaptation-short-lived flow spending and long-lived depreciable adaptation stock investments-along with mitigation, and we identify and explore the uncertainties that impact the relative proportions of policies within a response portfolio. We demonstrate that the relative ratio of flow adaptation, stock adaptation, and mitigation depend critically on interactions among: 1) the relative effectiveness in the baseline of stock versus flow adaptation, 2) the degree of substitutability between stock and flow adaptation types, and 3) whether there exist physical limits on the amount of damages that can be reduced by flow-type adaptation investments. The results indicate where more empirical research on adaptation could focus to best inform near-term policy decisions, and provide a first step towards considering near-term policies that are flexible in the face of uncertainty. C1 [Felgenhauer, Tyler] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Energy & Climate Assessment Team, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Webster, Mort] MIT, Engn Syst Div, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Felgenhauer, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Energy & Climate Assessment Team, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM felgenhauer.tyler@epa.gov FU Joseph L. Fisher Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship from Resources for the Future; Royster Society of Fellows at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX The authors would like to thank Tim Johnson, Richard Andrews, Doug Crawford-Brown, Jonathan Wiener, Gary Yohe, Shardul Agrawala, Rob Dellink, and Kelly de Bruin, in addition to three anonymous reviewers, for comments on earlier versions of this paper. Tyler Felgenhauer gratefully acknowledges financial research support from the Joseph L. Fisher Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship from Resources for the Future, as well as the Royster Society of Fellows at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD FEB PY 2014 VL 122 IS 4 BP 665 EP 679 DI 10.1007/s10584-013-1016-9 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AB7MB UT WOS:000331973200011 ER PT J AU Mohapatra, DP Brar, SK Tyagi, RD Picard, P Surampalli, RY AF Mohapatra, D. P. Brar, S. K. Tyagi, R. D. Picard, P. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Analysis and advanced oxidation treatment of a persistent pharmaceutical compound in wastewater and wastewater sludge-carbamazepine SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE Carbamazepine; Risk analysis; Quantification; Advanced oxidation processes; Wastewater; Wastewater sludge ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS; PRESSURE CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; TRACE ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE AB Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) are considered as emerging environmental problem due to their continuous input and persistence to the aquatic ecosystem even at low concentrations. Among them, carbamazepine (CBZ) has been detected at the highest frequency, which ends up in aquatic systems via wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) among other sources. The identification and quantification of CBZ in wastewater (WW) and wastewater sludge (WWS) is of major interest to assess the toxicity of treated effluent discharged into the environment. Furthermore, WWS has been subjected for re-use either in agricultural application or for the production of value-added products through the route of bioconversion. However, this field application is disputable due to the presence of these organic compounds and in order to protect the ecosystem or end users, data concerning the concentration, fate, behavior as well as the perspective of simultaneous degradation of these compounds is urgently necessary. Many treatment technologies, including advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been developed in order to degrade CBZ in WW and WWS. AOPs are technologies based on the intermediacy of hydroxyl and other radicals to oxidize recalcitrant, toxic and non-biodegradable compounds to various by-products and eventually to inert end products. The purpose of this review is to provide information on persistent pharmaceutical compound, carbamazepine, its ecological effects and removal during various AOPs of WW and WWS. This review also reports the different analytical methods available for quantification of CBZ in different contaminated media including WW and WWS. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohapatra, D. P.; Brar, S. K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Picard, P.] Phytronix Technol, Quebec City, PQ G1P 2J7, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Brar, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM satinder.brar@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [355254]; Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Quebec; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX The authors are thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Discovery Grant 355254) for the financial support. A special thanks is given to the Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (FQRNT), Quebec, and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) for providing Ph.D. scholarship (BMP Innovation (Industrial Innovation Scholarships)) to D.P. Mohapatra. The views or opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and should not be construed as opinions of the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 225 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 25 U2 194 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 470 BP 58 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.034 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9LS UT WOS:000331415600008 PM 24140682 ER PT J AU Baxter, LK Sacks, JD AF Baxter, Lisa K. Sacks, Jason D. TI Clustering cities with similar fine particulate matter exposure characteristics based on residential infiltration and in-vehicle commuting factors SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air exchange rates; Cluster analysis; Exposure error; In-vehicle exposure; Infiltration ID AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; GENERATED PARTICLES; OZONE EXPOSURE; US COMMUNITIES; INDOOR AIR; MORTALITY; PM2.5; PM10 AB Epidemiological studies have observed between city heterogeneity in PM2.5-mortality risk estimates. These differences could potentially be due to the use of central-site monitors as a surrogate for exposure which do not account for an individual's activities or ambient pollutant infiltration to the indoor environment. Therefore, relying solely on central-site monitoring data introduces exposure error in the epidemiological analysis. The amount of exposure error produced by using the central-site monitoring data may differ by city. The objective of this analysis was to cluster cities with similar exposure distributions based on residential infiltration and in-vehicle commuting characteristics. Factors related to residential infiltration and commuting were developed from the American Housing Survey (AHS) from 2001 to 2005 for 94 Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs). We conducted two separate cluster analyses using a k-means clustering algorithm to cluster CBSAs based on these factors. The first only included residential infiltration factors (i.e. percent of homes with central air conditioning (AC) mean year home was built, and mean home size) while the second incorporated both infiltration and commuting (i.e. mean in-vehicle commuting time and mean in-vehicle commuting distance) factors. Clustering on residential infiltration factors resulted in 5 clusters, with two having distinct exposure distributions. Cluster 1 consisted of cities with older, smaller homes with less central AC while homes in Cluster 2 cities were newer, larger, and more likely to have central AC. Including commuting factors resulted in 10 clusters. Clusters with shorter in-vehicle commuting times had shorter in-vehicle commuting distances. Cities with newer homes also tended to have longer commuting times and distances. This is the first study to employ cluster analysis to group cities based on exposure factors. Identifying cities with similar exposure distributions may help explain city-to-city heterogeneity in PM2.5 mortality risk estimates. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Baxter, Lisa K.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Sacks, Jason D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Baxter, LK (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E205-2, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM baxter.lisa@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 470 BP 631 EP 638 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.019 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9LS UT WOS:000331415600068 PM 24176711 ER PT J AU Powers, CM Grieger, KD Hendren, CO Meacham, CA Gurevich, G Lassiter, MG Money, ES Lloyd, JM Beaulieu, SM AF Powers, Christina M. Grieger, Khara D. Hendren, Christine Ogilvie Meacham, Connie A. Gurevich, Gerald Lassiter, Meredith Gooding Money, Eric S. Lloyd, Jennifer M. Beaulieu, Stephen M. TI A web-based tool to engage stakeholders in informing research planning for future decisions on emerging materials SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Comprehensive environmental assessment; Engineered nanomaterials; Research planning; Risk assessment; Stakeholder engagement ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; LIFE-CYCLE; NANOMATERIALS AB Prioritizing and assessing risks associated with chemicals, industrial materials, or emerging technologies is a complex problem that benefits from the involvement of multiple stakeholder groups. For example, in the case of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), scientific uncertainties exist that hamper environmental, health, and safety (EHS) assessments. Therefore, alternative approaches to standard EHS assessment methods have gained increased attention. The objective of this paper is to describe the application of a web-based, interactive decision support tool developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) in a pilot study on ENMs. The piloted tool implements U.S. EPA's comprehensive environmental assessment (CEA) approach to prioritize research gaps. When pursued, such research priorities can result in data that subsequently improve the scientific robustness of risk assessments and inform future risk management decisions. Pilot results suggest that the tool was useful in facilitating multi-stakeholder prioritization of research gaps. Results also provide potential improvements for subsequent applications. The outcomes of future CEAWeb applications with larger stakeholder groups may inform the development of funding opportunities for emerging materials across the scientific community (e.g., National Science Foundation Science to Achieve Results [STAR] grants, National Institutes of Health Requests for Proposals). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Powers, Christina M.; Meacham, Connie A.; Gurevich, Gerald; Lassiter, Meredith Gooding] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Grieger, Khara D.; Money, Eric S.; Lloyd, Jennifer M.; Beaulieu, Stephen M.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hendren, Christine Ogilvie] Duke Univ, Ctr Environm Implicat NanoTechnol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Powers, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM powers.christina@epa.gov; kgrieger@rti.org; chendren@duke.edu; meacham.connie@epa.gov; gurevich.gerald@epa.gov; lassiter.meredith@epa.gov; emoney@rti.org; jml@rti.org; steveb@rti.org NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 470 BP 660 EP 668 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.016 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9LS UT WOS:000331415600072 PM 24176714 ER PT J AU Xu, Y Tokar, EJ Waalkes, MP AF Xu, Yuanyuan Tokar, Erik J. Waalkes, Michael P. TI Arsenic-induced cancer cell phenotype in human breast epithelia is estrogen receptor-independent but involves aromatase activation SO ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Aromatase; Breast cancer; Estrogen; Stem cells ID STEM-CELLS; IN-UTERO; ALPHA EXPRESSION; EXPOSURE; MICE; CARCINOGENESIS; HYPERPLASIA; TRANSITIONS; METALS; LEADS AB Accumulating data suggest arsenic may be an endocrine disruptor and tentatively linked to breast cancer by some studies. Therefore, we tested the effects of chronic inorganic arsenic exposure on the normal estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10A. Cells were chronically exposed to a low-level arsenite (500 nM) for up to 24 weeks. Markers of cancer cell phenotype and the expression of critical genes relevant to breast cancer or stem cells (SCs) were examined. After 24 weeks, chronic arsenic-exposed breast epithelial (CABE) cells showed increases in secreted MMP activity, colony formation, invasion, and proliferation rate, indicating an acquired cancer cell phenotype. These CABE cells presented with basal-like breast cancer characteristics, including ER-alpha, HER-2, and progesterone receptor negativity, and overexpression of K5 and p63. Putative CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) breast SCs were increased to 80 % over control in CABE cells. CABE cells also formed multilayer cell mounds, indicative of loss of contact inhibition. These mounds showed high levels of K5 and p63, indicating the potential presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition occurred during arsenic exposure. Overexpression of aromatase, a key rate-limiting enzyme in estrogen synthesis, occurred with arsenic starting early on in exposure. Levels of 17 beta-estradiol increased in CABE cells and their conditioned medium. The aromatase inhibitor letrozole abolished arsenic-induced increases in 17 beta-estradiol production and reversed cancer cell phenotype. Thus, chronic arsenic exposure drives human breast epithelia into a cancer cell phenotype with an apparent overabundance of putative CSCs. Arsenic appears to transform breast epithelia through overexpression of aromatase, thereby activating oncogenic processes independent of ER. C1 [Xu, Yuanyuan; Tokar, Erik J.; Waalkes, Michael P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Natl Toxicol Program Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Waalkes, MP (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Natl Toxicol Program Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM waalkes@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA ES102925-02, ZIA ES102925-01, ZIA ES102925-03, ZIA ES102925-04] NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0340-5761 EI 1432-0738 J9 ARCH TOXICOL JI Arch. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 88 IS 2 BP 263 EP 274 DI 10.1007/s00204-013-1131-4 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AA2YF UT WOS:000330959400008 PM 24068038 ER PT J AU Gao, YH Ryu, H Domingo, JWS Lee, HS AF Gao, Yaohuan Ryu, Hodon Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Lee, Hyung-Sool TI Syntrophic interactions between H-2-scavenging and anode-respiring bacteria can improve current density in microbial electrochemical cells SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Homoacetogens; Anaerobic digester (AD); Microbial electrochemical cells (MECs); Anode-respiring bacteria (ARB); Methanogens ID ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; FUEL-CELLS; HOMOACETOGENIC BACTERIA; ACETOGENIC BACTERIA; HYDROGEN; MICROORGANISMS; OXIDATION; REACTORS; METHANE; GROWTH AB High current density of 10.0-14.6 A/m(2) and COD removal up to 96% were obtained in a microbial electrochemical cell (MEC) fed with digestate at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 d and 8 d. Volatile fatty acids became undetectable in MEC effluent (HRT 8 d), except for trivial acetate (4.16 +/- 1.86 mg COD/L). Accumulated methane only accounted for 3.42% of Delta COD. Pyrosequencing analyses showed abundant fermenters (Kosmotoga spp.) and homoacetogens (Treponema spp.) in anolytes. In anode biofilm, propionate fermenters (Kosmotoga, and Syntrophobacter spp.), homoacetogens (Treponema spp.), and anode-respiring bacteria (ARB) (Geobacter spp. and Dysgonomonas spp.) were dominant. These results imply that syntrophic interactions among fermenters, homoacetogens and ARB would allow MECs to maintain high current density and coulombic efficiency. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Yaohuan; Lee, Hyung-Sool] Univ Waterloo, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lee, HS (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 200 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. EM yaohuanlab@gmail.com; ryu.hodon@epa.gov; santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov; hyungsool@uwaterloo.ca FU National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) (NSERC DG) [402045-2011]; Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation FX This work was financially supported by National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) entitled "Development of energy-efficient wastewater treatment technology using principles of microbial fuel/electrolysis cells" (NSERC DG #402045-2011) and Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation entitled "Development of sustainable anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies: recovery of value-added products". NR 35 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 153 BP 245 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.077 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AB0DC UT WOS:000331461000033 PM 24368273 ER PT J AU Wickham, J Wood, PB Nicholson, MC AF Wickham, James Wood, Petra Bohall Nicholson, Matthew C. TI Carbon and Mountaintop Mining Reply SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 [Wickham, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wood, Petra Bohall] W Virginia Univ, US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Nicholson, Matthew C.] US EPA, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Wickham, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wickham.james@epa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD FEB PY 2014 VL 64 IS 2 BP 81 EP 82 DI 10.1093/biosci/bit024 PG 2 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AA8LY UT WOS:000331348200003 ER PT J AU Taylor, AA Chowdhury, I Gong, AS Cwiertny, DM Walker, SL AF Taylor, Alicia A. Chowdhury, Indranil Gong, Amy S. Cwiertny, David M. Walker, Sharon L. TI Deposition and disinfection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on naturally occurring photoactive materials in a parallel plate chamber SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; POROUS-MEDIA; BACTERIAL ADHESION; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; IONIC-STRENGTH; ORGANIC-MATTER; SURFACE MACROMOLECULES; BIOFILM FORMATION; STAINLESS-STEEL AB Dissolved organic matter in combination with iron oxides has been shown to facilitate photochemical disinfection through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under UV and visible light. However, due to the extremely short lifetime of these radicals,, the disinfection efficiency is limited by the successful transport of ROS to bacterial surfaces. This study was designed to quantitatively investigate three collector surfaces with various potentials to produce ROS [bare quartz, hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) coated quartz, and Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA)] and the effects of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) (full or partial coating) and solution chemistry (ionic strength, IS) on the interactions between bacteria and the ROS-producing substrates. With few exceptions, bacterial deposition studies in a parallel plate (PP) flow chamber have revealed increasing cell adhesion with IS. Furthermore, interactions between collector surfaces and cells can be explained by electrostatic forces, with negatively charged SRHA reducing and positively charged alpha-Fe2O3 enhancing bacterial deposition significantly. Increased deposition was also observed with full EPS content, indicating the ability of EPS to facilitate interaction between cells and surfaces in the aquatic environment. In complementary disinfection studies conducted with simulated light, viability loss was observed for cells fully coated with EPS when attached to alpha-Fe2O3 under all IS conditions. Based upon our prior study in which EPS was found to not inhibit hydroxyl radical activity toward bacteria, we proposed that EPS might therefore promote disinfection by facilitating cell attachment to ROS-producing surfaces where higher concentrations of ROS are expected at closer proximities to reactive substrates (e.g., SRHA and alpha-Fe2O3). a Our findings on the mechanism and controlling factors of cell interactions with photoactive substrates provide insight as to the role of ionic strength in photochemical disinfection processes. C1 [Taylor, Alicia A.; Gong, Amy S.; Walker, Sharon L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Chowdhury, Indranil] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. [Cwiertny, David M.] Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Walker, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM swalker@engr.ucr.edu FU USDA CSREES NRI water and watershed grant [2008-01768]; U.S. Department of Education GAANN Grant [P200A060047]; NSF Career Award [CBET-0954130]; Walker's John Babbage Chair in Environmental Engineering FX This study was financially supported through the USDA CSREES NRI water and watershed grant (no. 2008-01768). Amy Gong was partially supported through a U.S. Department of Education GAANN Grant (no. P200A060047). We would also like to thank Risa Guysi (NSF Career Award no. CBET-0954130) and Hailey Wilder (Walker's John Babbage Chair in Environmental Engineering) for their assistance in the lab as well as the funding sources supporting their involvement with this research. NR 66 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PD FEB PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 194 EP 202 DI 10.1039/c3em00527e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB0TD UT WOS:000331504100002 PM 24362649 ER PT J AU Harrington, JM Nelson, CM Weber, FX Bradham, KD Levine, KE Rice, J AF Harrington, James M. Nelson, Clay M. Weber, Frank X. Bradham, Karen D. Levine, Keith E. Rice, Joann TI Evaluation of methods for analysis of lead in air particulates: an intra-laboratory and inter-laboratory comparison SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article AB In 2008, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) set a new National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for lead in total suspended particulate matter (Pb-TSP) which called for significant decreases in the allowable limits. The Federal Reference Method (FRM) for Pb-TSP promulgated in 1978 prescribes analysis of Pb by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), but the new limits approach the limits of quantitation of FAAS. On August 2, 2013, the USEPA finalized a new FRM for Pb-TSP. This new FRM describes two extraction methods and analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The study described here was performed to evaluate the use of ICP-MS in the analysis of Pb-TSP for implementation of this new FRM. A multi-laboratory study of the new FRM demonstrated acceptable intra- and inter-laboratory precision and comparability for glass fiber, quartz, and PTFE filters, and acceptable accuracy for the analysis of three National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). A comparison was made between analytical results obtained using the 1978 FRM and those obtained using the new FRM. The results demonstrate that the ICP-MS method performs acceptably for the determination of Pb-TSP with lower limits of quantitation and strong inter- and intra-laboratory precision. C1 [Harrington, James M.; Weber, Frank X.; Levine, Keith E.] RTI Int, Trace Inorgan Dept, Environm & Ind Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Nelson, Clay M.; Bradham, Karen D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rice, Joann] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Harrington, JM (reprint author), RTI Int, Trace Inorgan Dept, Environm & Ind Sci Div, 3040 E Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jharrington@rti.org FU EPA [EP-D-08-047] FX Preparation of this paper was supported by RTI International. The authors would like to acknowledge Celeste Koon of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources for providing glass fiber filter samples and her assistance in collecting the quartz filter samples. The authors would also like to thank Dr Bill Gutknecht, Dr Robert Vanderpool, and Dr Lewis Weinstock for their invaluable comments on this manuscript. The research described in this article was performed in connection with an EPA contract EP-D-08-047. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors acknowledge no significant conflicts of interest. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PD FEB PY 2014 VL 16 IS 2 BP 256 EP 261 DI 10.1039/c3em00486d PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB0TD UT WOS:000331504100009 PM 24310648 ER PT J AU Chang, NB Vannah, BW Yang, YJ Elovitz, M AF Chang, Ni-Bin Vannah, Benjamin W. Yang, Y. Jeffrey Elovitz, Michael TI Integrated data fusion and mining techniques for monitoring total organic carbon concentrations in a lake SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LANDSAT SURFACE REFLECTANCE; GENETIC ALGORITHMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; NORTHERN SWEDEN; WATER-QUALITY; RIVER ORE; RESERVOIR; OCEAN; MODIS; TRANSPORT C1 [Chang, Ni-Bin; Vannah, Benjamin W.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey; Elovitz, Michael] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@ucf.edu FU USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX Support from the USEPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory is gratefully acknowledged. The research described herein has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 55 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 35 IS 3 BP 1064 EP 1093 DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.875632 PG 30 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AA8GJ UT WOS:000331333300014 ER PT J AU Hiatt, MH AF Hiatt, Michael H. TI The Determination of Organic Phase-Air Partition Coefficient and Henry's Law Constant for Volatile Organic Compounds Using Large Volume Vacuum Headspace Sampling SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA LA English DT Article ID K-OA; OCTANOL; CHLOROBENZENES; CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROMETRY; INTERFACE; CHEMICALS; SET AB Sampling the gas phase over peanut oil provided the means to determine the oil phase-gas phase partition coefficients (K-oa) and the Henry's law constant (HLCO) at temperatures between 10 degrees C and 98.5 degrees C. For the 123 compounds in the study the linear range of natural logarithm of Henry's law constants by temperature was determined. The enthalpies of phase change of the compounds from the peanut oil were derived from the HLCO over the linear range. The experimental K-oa values of the compounds correlated well with those generated when I-octanol was the organic phase (r(2) = 0.97 with intercept at 0). C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Hiatt, MH (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM hiatt.mike@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development (ORD) FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development (ORD), funded and performed the analytical research described. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9568 J9 J CHEM ENG DATA JI J. Chem. Eng. Data PD FEB PY 2014 VL 59 IS 2 BP 499 EP 507 DI 10.1021/je400967m PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA AB0OZ UT WOS:000331493300047 ER PT J AU Field, MS Leij, FJ AF Field, Malcolm S. Leij, Feike J. TI Combined physical and chemical nonequilibrium transport model for solution conduits SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Physical and chemical nonequilibrium; Tracer breakthrough curves; Karst solution conduits ID BREAKTHROUGH CURVES; CARBONATE AQUIFERS; KARST CONDUITS; TRACER TESTS AB Solute transport in karst aquifers is primarily constrained to relatively complex and inaccessible solution conduits where transport is often rapid, turbulent, and at times constrictive. Breakthrough curves generated from tracer tests in solution conduits are typically positively-skewed with long tails evident. Physical nonequilibrium models to fit breakthrough curves for tracer tests in solution conduits are now routinely employed. Chemical nonequilibrium processes are likely important interactions, however. In addition to partitioning between different flow domains, there may also be equilibrium and nonequilibrium partitioning between the aqueous and solid phases. A combined physical and chemical nonequilibrium (PCNE) model was developed for an instantaneous release similar to that developed by Leij and Bradford (2009) for a pulse release. The PCNE model allows for partitioning open space in solution conduits into mobile and immobile flow regions with first-order mass transfer between the two regions to represent physical nonequilibrium in the conduit Partitioning between the aqueous and solid phases proceeds either as an equilibrium process or as a first-order process and represents chemical nonequilibrium for both the mobile and immobile regions. Application of the model to three example breakthrough curves demonstrates the applicability of the combined physical and chemical nonequilibrium model to tracer tests conducted in karst aquifers, with exceptionally good model fits to the data. The three models, each from a different state in the United States, exhibit very different velocities, dispersions, and other transport properties with most of the transport occurring via the fraction of mobile water. Fitting the model suggests the potentially important interaction of physical and chemical nonequilibrium processes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Field, Malcolm S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8623P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Leij, Feike J.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Civil Engn & Construct Engn Management, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. RP Field, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment 8623P, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM field.malcolm@epa.gov; fleij@csulb.edu OI Field, Malcolm/0000-0002-8350-417X NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 EI 1873-6009 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 157 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.11.001 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA AB0UN UT WOS:000331507700004 PM 24292209 ER PT J AU Pribil, MJ Maddaloni, MA Staiger, K Wilson, E Magriples, N Ali, M Santella, D AF Pribil, Michael J. Maddaloni, Mark A. Staiger, Kimberly Wilson, Eric Magriples, Nick Ali, Mustafa Santella, Dennis TI Investigation of off-site airborne transport of lead from a superfund removal action site using lead isotope ratios and concentrations SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; URBAN SOILS; ICP-MS; EMISSIONS; SEDIMENTS; RECORD; TRACER; CITY; BAY AB Lead (Pb) concentration and Pb isotopic composition of surface and subsurface soil samples were used to investigate the potential for off-site air transport of Pb from a former white Pb processing facility to neighboring residential homes in a six block area on Staten Island, NY. Surface and subsurface soil samples collected on the Jewett White Pb site were found to range from 1.122 to 1.138 for Pb-206/Pb-207 and 2.393 to 2.411 for Pb-208/Pb-207. The off-site surface soil samples collected from residential backyards, train trestle, near site grass patches and background areas varied from 1.144 to 1.196 for Pb-206/Pb-207 and 2.427 to 2.464 for Pb-208/Pb-207. Two soil samples collected along Richmond Terrace, where Jewett site soils accumulated after major rain events, varied from 1.136 to 1.147 for Pb-206/Pb-207 and 2.407 to 2.419 for Pb-208/Pb-207. Lead concentration for on-site surface soil samples ranged from 450 to 8000 ug/g, on-site subsurface soil samples ranged from 90,000 to 240,000 ug/g and off-site samples varied from 380 to 3500 ug/g. Lead concentration and isotopic composition for the Staten Island off-site samples were similar to previously published data for other northeastern US cities and reflect re-suspension and re-mobilization of local accumulated Pb. The considerable differences in both the Pb isotopic composition and Pb concentration of on-site and off-site samples resulted in the ability to geochemically trace the transport of particulate Pb. Data in this study indicate minimal off-site surface transport of Pb from the Jewett site into the neighboring residential area. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pribil, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Maddaloni, Mark A.; Staiger, Kimberly; Wilson, Eric; Magriples, Nick; Ali, Mustafa; Santella, Dennis] US EPA, New York, NY 10007 USA. RP Pribil, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,Mail Stop 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM mpribil@usgs.gov OI Ali, Moustafa/0000-0002-2027-1006 FU US EPA Region II; USGS Minerals and the Environment Resource Center FX The authors would like to thank Theresa Hosick for preparing the initial set of samples. We acknowledge the helpful reviews of early versions of the manuscript by John Gray, Ian Ridley and Todor Todorov. We also appreciate the insightful and constructive reviews of two anonymous reviewers. Funding for this work was provided by US EPA Region II and the USGS Minerals and the Environment Resource Center. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the US Geological Survey. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 41 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2013.11.004 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AA4TD UT WOS:000331088200007 ER PT J AU Potosnak, MJ LeStourgeon, L Pallardy, SG Hosman, KP Gu, LH Karl, T Geron, C Guenther, AB AF Potosnak, Mark J. LeStourgeon, Lauren Pallardy, Stephen G. Hosman, Kevin P. Gu, Lianhong Karl, Thomas Geron, Chris Guenther, Alex B. TI Observed and modeled ecosystem isoprene fluxes from an oakdominated temperate forest and the influence of drought stress SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biosphere-atmosphere interactions; Isoprene; Eddy covariance; Ecosystem fluxes; Drought stress ID DECIDUOUS FOREST; MONOTERPENE EMISSIONS; ELEVATED CO2; LONG-TERM; LEAVES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; AEROSOLS; VOLATILE; ASPEN; VARIABILITY AB Ecosystem fluxes of isoprene emissions were measured during the majority of the 2011 growing season at the University of Missouri's Baskett Wildlife Research and Education Area in central Missouri, USA (38.7 degrees N, 92.2 degrees W). This broadleaf deciduous forest is typical of forests common in the Ozarks region of the central United States. The goal of the isoprene flux measurements was to test our understanding of the controls on isoprene emission from the hourly to the seasonal timescale using a state-of-the-art emission model, MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature). Isoprene emission rates from the forest were very high with a maximum of 53.3 mg m(-2) h(-1) (217 nmol m(-2) s(-1)), which to our knowledge exceeds all other reports of canopy-scale isoprene emission. The fluxes showed a clear dependence on the previous temperature and light regimes, which was successfully captured by the existing algorithms in MEGAN. During a period of drought, MEGAN was unable to reproduce the time-dependent response of isoprene emission to water stress. Overall, the performance of MEGAN was robust and could explain 90% of the observed variance in the measured fluxes, but the response of isoprene emission to drought stress is a major source of uncertainty. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Potosnak, Mark J.; LeStourgeon, Lauren] Depaul Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Studies, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Pallardy, Stephen G.; Hosman, Kevin P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Karl, Thomas] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Meteorol & Geophys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Geron, Chris] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Guenther, Alex B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Potosnak, MJ (reprint author), Depaul Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Studies, 1110 W Belden Ave, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. EM mpotosna@depaul.edu RI Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014 OI Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426; Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738 FU National Science Foundation for a Collaborative Research award entitled Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from the Tundra and Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry [1025948]; EC Seventh Framework Program (Marie Curie Reintegration Program, "ALP-AIR" [334084] FX M.P. gratefully acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation for a Collaborative Research award entitled Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from the Tundra and Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry (1025948). T.K. was also supported by the EC Seventh Framework Program (Marie Curie Reintegration Program, "ALP-AIR", grant no. 334084). The United States Environmental Protection Agency participated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 84 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.055 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 302JZ UT WOS:000330602100034 ER PT J AU Martinez, G Pachepsky, YA Whelan, G Yakirevich, AM Guber, A Gish, TJ AF Martinez, Gonzalo Pachepsky, Yakov A. Whelan, Gene Yakirevich, Alexander M. Guber, Andrey Gish, Timothy J. TI Rainfall-induced fecal indicator organisms transport from manured fields: Model sensitivity analysis SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Fecal indicator organisms; Release and transport; Global sensitivity analysis; Regression trees ID GRASS BUFFER CONDITIONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PARAMETER UNCERTAINTY; WATER-QUALITY; RELEASE; RUNOFF; FATE; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; MANAGEMENT; PATHOGENS AB Microbial quality of surface waters attracts attention due to food- and waterborne disease outbreaks. Fecal indicator organisms (FIOs) are commonly used for the microbial pollution level evaluation. Models predicting the fate and transport of FIOs are required to design and evaluate best management practices that reduce the microbial pollution in ecosystems and water sources and thus help to predict the risk of food and waterborne diseases. In this study we performed a sensitivity analysis for the KINEROS/STWIR model developed to predict the FIOs transport out of manured fields to other fields and water bodies in order to identify input variables that control the transport uncertainty. The distributions of model input parameters were set to encompass values found from three-year experiments at the USDA-ARS OPE3 experimental site in Beltsville and publicly available information. Sobol' indices and complementary regression trees were used to perform the global sensitivity analysis of the model and to explore the interactions between model input parameters on the proportion of FIO removed from fields. Regression trees provided a useful visualization of the differences in sensitivity of the model output in different parts of the input variable domain. Environmental controls such as soil saturation, rainfall duration and rainfall intensity had the largest influence in the model behavior, whereas soil and manure properties ranked lower. The field length had only moderate effect on the model output sensitivity to the model inputs. Among the manure-related properties the parameter determining the shape of the FIO release kinetic curve had the largest influence on the removal of FIOs from the fields. That underscored the need to better characterize the FIO release kinetics. Since the most sensitive model inputs are available in soil and weather databases or can be obtained using soil water models, results indicate the opportunity of obtaining large-scale estimates of FIO transport from fields based on publicly available rather than site-specific information. Published by Elsevier Ltd C1 [Martinez, Gonzalo] Univ Cordoba, Dept Agron, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. [Martinez, Gonzalo; Pachepsky, Yakov A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Whelan, Gene] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. [Yakirevich, Alexander M.] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Zuckerberg Inst Water Res, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, IL-84990 Sede Boqer, Israel. [Gish, Timothy J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Guber, Andrey] Michigan State Univ, Dep Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Martinez, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RI Martinez Garcia, Gonzalo/E-3069-2013; OI Martinez Garcia, Gonzalo/0000-0001-5575-9397; Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 FU Spanish Ministry of Education [EX-2009-0429]; United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development [DW-12-92348101] FX The authors would like to thank the valuable and useful contribution of two anonymous referees. The first author would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Educationfor the grant EX-2009-0429. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract DW-12-92348101 to the USDA-ARS. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 53 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 EI 1873-6750 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 63 BP 121 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2013.11.003 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA2FG UT WOS:000330909900014 PM 24291764 ER PT J AU Novak, JM Cantrell, KB Watts, DW Busscher, WJ Johnson, MG AF Novak, Jeffrey M. Cantrell, Keri B. Watts, Donald W. Busscher, Warren J. Johnson, Mark G. TI Designing relevant biochars as soil amendments using lignocellulosic-based and manure-based feedstocks SO JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Designer biochar; Feedstocks; Leaching; Nutrients; Pyrolysis ID COASTAL-PLAIN SOIL; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; WATER-QUALITY; PLANT-GROWTH; CHARCOAL; PYROLYSIS; TEMPERATURE; FERTILITY; FERRALSOL AB Biochars are a by-product of the biofuel processing of lignocellulosic and manure feedstocks. Because biochars contain an assemblage of organic and inorganic compounds, they can be used as an amendment for C sequestration and soil quality improvement. However, not all biochars are viable soil amendments; this is because their physical and chemical properties vary due to feedstock elemental composition, biofuel processing, and particle size differences. Biochar could deliver a more effective service as a soil amendment if its chemistry was designed ex ante with characteristics that target specific soil quality issues. In this study, we demonstrate how biochars can be designed with relevant properties as successful soil amendments through feedstock selection, pyrolysis conditions, and particle size choices. Biochars were produced by pyrolysis of parent lignocellulosic feedstock sources-peanut hull (PH; Archis hypogaea), pecan shell (PS; Carya illinoensis), switchgrass (SG; Panicum virgatum), pine chips (PC; Pinus taeda), hardwood wastes (wood), and poultry litter manure (PL; Gallus domesticus), as well as blends of these feedstocks at temperatures ranging from 250 to 700 A degrees C. Additionally, blended feedstocks were made into pellets (> 2 mm) prior to pyrolysis at 350 A degrees C. Dust-sized (< 0.42 mm) biochar was obtained through grinding of pelletized biochars. After chemical characterization, the biochars were evaluated as fertility amendments in a Norfolk soil (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic, Typic Kandiudult) during two different pot incubation experiments. PL biochars were alkaline and enriched in N and P, whereas biochar from lignocellulosic feedstocks exhibited mixed pH and nutrient contents. Blending PL with PC resulted in lower biochar pH values and nutrient contents. In pot experiment 1, most biochars significantly (P < 0.05) raised soil pH, soil organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, and Mehlich 1 extractable P and K. PL biochar added at 20 g kg(-1) resulted in excessive soil P concentrations (393 to 714 mg kg(-1)) and leachate enriched with dissolved phosphorus (DP, 22 to 70 mg L-1). In pot experiment 2, blended and pelletized PL with PC feedstock reduced soil pH and extractable soil P and K concentrations compared to pot experiment 1. Water leachate DP concentrations were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by pelletized biochar blends. Short-term laboratory pot experiments revealed that biochars can have different impacts at modifying soil quality characteristics. Keying on these results allowed for creating designer biochars to address specific soil quality limitations. In the process of manufacturing designer biochars, first, it is important to know what soil quality characteristics are in need of change. Second, choices between feedstocks, blends of these feedstocks, and their accompanying particle sizes can be made prior to pyrolysis to create biochars tailored for addressing specific soil quality improvements. Utilization of these principles should allow for effective service of the designed biochar as a soil amendment while minimizing unwanted ex facto soil quality changes and environmental effects. C1 [Novak, Jeffrey M.; Cantrell, Keri B.; Watts, Donald W.; Busscher, Warren J.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Johnson, Mark G.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Novak, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 West Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM jeff.novak@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [60-6657-1-204]; US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DE-12-92342301-1] FX The information in this article has been funded through an Interagency Agreement between the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (60-6657-1-204) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; DE-12-92342301-1). It has been subject to review by scientists of the USDA-ARS Coastal Plain Research Laboratory and by the National Health and Environment Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for journal submission. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the US EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank Ms. Sheeneka Green, Brittany Wallace, Cierra Buckman, Takeyah Powell, and Mr. Jerry Martin II for the laboratory assistance. We also thank Drs. Kurt Spokas, Jim Ippolito, and Saran Sohi for the lively conversation and for the scientific refinement of the designer biochar concept. NR 54 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 10 U2 91 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1439-0108 EI 1614-7480 J9 J SOIL SEDIMENT JI J. Soils Sediments PD FEB PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 330 EP 343 DI 10.1007/s11368-013-0680-8 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA AA3AN UT WOS:000330965400010 ER PT J AU Hilal, SH Saravanaraj, AN Carreira, LA AF Hilal, S. H. Saravanaraj, A. N. Carreira, L. A. TI Development of Monopole Interaction Models for Ionic Compounds. Part I: Estimation of Aqueous Henry's Law Constants for Ions and Gas Phase pK(a) Values for Acidic Compounds SO MOLECULAR INFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID PROTON-TRANSFER EQUILIBRIA; SOLVATION FREE-ENERGIES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ELECTRON-AFFINITIES; CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; BRONSTED ACIDS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENT; INTRINSIC ACIDITIES; DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE; MOLECULE REACTIONS C1 [Hilal, S. H.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Saravanaraj, A. N.; Carreira, L. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hilal, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Hilal.said@epa.gov NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1868-1743 EI 1868-1751 J9 MOL INFORM JI Mol. Inf. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 92 EP 103 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AA8GQ UT WOS:000331334000001 PM 27485566 ER PT J AU Allee, RJ Kurtz, J Gould, RW Ko, DS Finkbeiner, M Goodin, K AF Allee, R. J. Kurtz, J. Gould, R. W., Jr. Ko, D. S. Finkbeiner, M. Goodin, K. TI Application of the coastal and marine ecological classification standard using satellite-derived and modeled data products for pelagic habitats in the Northern Gulf of Mexico SO OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID WATERS; COLOR AB The expansive and dynamic nature of the ocean's water column may limit the feasibility of the frequent in situ sampling that would be necessary to monitor these habitats and produce region-wide map products with any regularity. Alternatives to in situ sampling such as remote sensing and classification offer a means of routinely characterizing the environmental forcing functions that shape and determine habitat suitability and distribution. Four products derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-aqua satellite (chlorophyll concentration, salinity, sea-surface temperature, and euphotic depth) and a hydrodynamic modeled product for bottom to surface temperature differences (At) were evaluated to assess the utility of these products as proxies for in situ measurements. MODIS images covering the northern Gulf of Mexico were obtained for a 5-year time period Uanuary 2005 - December 2009; 300 total images) and processed through Automated Processing System. The products were used to classify surface waters in three regions of the northern Gulf of Mexico using subcomponents and modifiers from the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Water Column Component (WC) to determine if CMECS categories could be affectively used to categorize the products into meaningful management units. Products were assessed for each month over the five year period. Sea-surface temperature and salinity were classified into CMECS WC temperature and salinity subcomponent categories, respectively. Three modifiers from the WC were also used for the pelagic classification: water column stability, productivity, and turbidity. At was used to assign classification for water column stability; surface chlorophyll was used to determine phytoplankton productivity; and euphotic depth was used to indicate the level of turbidity. Statistical analyses of the products compared to the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission's Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program in situ data indicated that the MODIS and hydrodynamic modeling products were consistently different from the in situ data; however, we believe the potential is strong for use of these standard products to enhance water column information. Use of the CMECS WC with appropriate modifiers captures all the significant pelagic environmental parameters which influence habitat and species distributions. Of the parameters evaluated, the sea-surface salinity and temperature, as expected, were most useful for making comparisons. Further research incorporating different types of data is necessary to explore the full potential of this approach. Specifically, resource managers would like to see the incorporation of sediment and bathymetry data. We believe addition of these data layers would result in more robust habitat maps and provide an innovative tool for resource managers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Allee, R. J.; Finkbeiner, M.] US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Coastal Serv Ctr, Charleston, SC 29405 USA. [Kurtz, J.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Gould, R. W., Jr.; Ko, D. S.] US Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Goodin, K.] NatureServe, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Allee, RJ (reprint author), US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Coastal Serv Ctr, 2234 S Hobson Ave, Charleston, SC 29405 USA. EM becky.allee@noaa.gov; Kurtz.Jan@epamail.epa.gov; Rick.Gould@nrlssc.navy.mil; Dong.Ko@nrlssc.navy.mil; mark.finkbeiner@noaa.gov; Kathy_Goodin@natureserve.org FU U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH10AN371] FX This project was funded by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Applied Sciences Program, under the Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences funding, Contract Number: NNH10AN371. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-5691 EI 1873-524X J9 OCEAN COAST MANAGE JI Ocean Coastal Manage. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 88 BP 13 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.10.021 PG 8 WC Oceanography; Water Resources SC Oceanography; Water Resources GA AA5SY UT WOS:000331161100003 ER PT J AU Esther, CR Boucher, RC Johnson, MR Ansede, JH Donn, KH O'Riordan, TG Ghio, AJ Hirsh, AJ AF Esther, Charles R., Jr. Boucher, Richard C. Johnson, M. Ross Ansede, John H. Donn, Karl H. O'Riordan, Thomas G. Ghio, Andrew J. Hirsh, Andrew J. TI Airway drug pharmacokinetics via analysis of exhaled breath condensate SO PULMONARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE Exhaled breath condensate; Pharmacokinetics; Sodium channel; Urea; Sheep ID FIBROSIS LUNG-DISEASE; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; SURFACE LIQUID; DILUTION; BIOMARKERS; INHALATION; CHILDREN; PURINES; HEALTHY AB Although the airway surface is the anatomic target for many lung disease therapies, measuring drug concentrations and activities on these surfaces poses considerable challenges. We tested whether mass spectrometric analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) could be utilized to non-invasively measure airway drug pharmacokinetics and predicted pharmacological activities. Mass spectrometric methods were developed to detect a novel epithelial sodium channel blocker (GS-9411/P-680), two metabolites, a chemically related internal standard, plus naturally occurring solutes including urea as a dilution marker. These methods were then applied to EBC and serum collected from four (Floridian) sheep before, during and after inhalation of nebulized GS-9411/P-680. Electrolyte content of EBC and serum was also assessed as a potential pharmacodynamic marker of drug activity. Airway surface concentrations of drug, metabolites, and electrolytes were calculated from EBC measures using EBC:serum urea based dilution factors. GS-9411/P-680 and its metabolites were quantifiable in the sheep EBC, with peak airway concentrations between 1.9 and 3.4 mu M measured 1 h after inhalation. In serum, only Metabolite #1 was quantifiable, with peak concentrations similar to 60-fold lower than those in the airway (45 nM at 1 h). EBC electrolyte concentrations suggested a pharmacological effect; but this effect was not statistical significant. Analysis of EBC collected during an inhalation drug study provided a method for quantification of airway drug and metabolites via mass spectrometry. Application of this methodology could provide an important tool in development and testing of drugs for airways diseases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Esther, Charles R., Jr.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Boucher, Richard C.] Univ N Carolina, Cyst Fibrosis Pulm Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Johnson, M. Ross; Ansede, John H.; Donn, Karl H.; Hirsh, Andrew J.] Parion Sci Inc, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [O'Riordan, Thomas G.] Gilead Sci Inc, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. [Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Esther, CR (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, 450-D MacNider,CB 7217, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Charles_Esther@med.unc.edu FU Gilead Sciences, Inc.; NIH/NHLBI [1K23HL089708, HL34322, HL107168, 1-P01-HL08808-01A1, 2-P30-DK065988, 1-P01-HL110 873-01, 5 P50HL 107168-01]; NIH/NIEHS [P30ES10126] FX This study was supported by a grant from Gilead Sciences, Inc. CRE was supported by NIH/NHLBI 1K23HL089708, and NIH/NIEHS P30ES10126. RCB was supported by NIH/NHLBI HL34322, HL107168, 1-P01-HL08808-01A1, 2-P30-DK065988, 1-P01-HL110 873-01, and 5 P50HL 107168-01. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1094-5539 J9 PULM PHARMACOL THER JI Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 27 IS 1 BP 76 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.07.009 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Respiratory System SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Respiratory System GA AA3QK UT WOS:000331007200011 PM 23932897 ER PT J AU Sueyoshi, T Li, LH Wang, HB Moore, R Kodavanti, PRS Lehmler, HJ Negishi, M Birnbaum, LS AF Sueyoshi, Tatsuya Li, Linhao Wang, Hongbing Moore, Rick Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. Lehmler, Hans-Joachim Negishi, Masahiko Birnbaum, Linda S. TI Flame Retardant BDE-47 Effectively Activates Nuclear Receptor CAR in Human Primary Hepatocytes SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE PBDE; CAR; PXR; xenobiotic receptor ID CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; XENOBIOTIC RECEPTORS; CELL-PROLIFERATION; DRUG-METABOLISM; ENHANCER MODULE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; LIVER-DISEASE AB Polybrominated diphenyl ether BDE-47 (2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether) is a thyroid hormone disruptor in mice; hepatic induction of various metabolic enzymes and transporters has been suggested as the mechanism for this disruption. Utilizing Car(/) and Pxr(/) mice as well as human primary hepatocytes, here we have demonstrated that BDE-47 activated both mouse and human nuclear receptor constitutive activated/androstane receptor (CAR). In mouse livers, CAR, not PXR, was responsible for Cyp2b10 mRNA induction by BDE-47. In human primary hepatocytes, BDE-47 was able to induce translocation of YFP-tagged human CAR from the cytoplasm to the nucleus andCYP2B6 and CYP3A4 mRNAs expressions. BDE-47 activated human CAR in a manner akin to the human CAR ligand CITCO (6-(4-Chlorophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole-5-carbaldehyde-O-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxime) in luciferase-reporter assays using Huh-7 cells. In contrast, mouse CAR was not potently activated by BDE-47 in the same reporter assays. Furthermore, human pregnane X receptor (PXR) was effectively activated by BDE-47 while mouse PXR was weakly activated in luciferase-reporter assays. Our results indicate that BDE-47 induces CYP genes through activation of human CAR in addition to the previously identified pathway through human PXR. C1 [Sueyoshi, Tatsuya; Moore, Rick; Negishi, Masahiko] NIEHS, Pharmacogenet Sect, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, NCI,NIHES, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NIEHS, Lab Toxicokinet, NCI, NIHES, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Li, Linhao; Wang, Hongbing] Univ Maryland, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lehmler, Hans-Joachim] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Sueyoshi, T (reprint author), NIEHS, Pharmacogenet Sect, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, NIH, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM sueyoshi@niehs.nih.gov RI Li, Linhao/A-6348-2013; OI Lehmler, Hans-Joachim/0000-0001-9163-927X FU NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [Zo1Es71005-01]; National Cancer Institute (NCI) [ZIA BC 011476]; NIH [DK061652]; NIEHS/NIH [ES013661] FX This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Zo1Es71005-01, and National Cancer Institute (NCI) ZIA BC 011476. L.L and H.W. were supported by NIH grant DK061652. The BDE-47 was provided by the Synthesis Core of the Iowa Superfund Research program, funded by NIEHS/NIH grant ES013661. BDE-47 purity was analyzed by Izabela Kania-Korwel. Statsitical anlalysis evalulation was done by Grace Kissling at NIEHS. We thank Yin Li, Wendy Jefferson, and Bill Schrader for their critical reading of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 137 IS 2 BP 292 EP 302 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft243 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AA2RU UT WOS:000330942600003 PM 24218150 ER PT J AU Black, MB Parks, BB Pluta, L Chu, TM Allen, BC Wolfinger, RD Thomas, RS AF Black, Michael B. Parks, Bethany B. Pluta, Linda Chu, Tzu-Ming Allen, Bruce C. Wolfinger, Russell D. Thomas, Russell S. TI Comparison of Microarrays and RNA-Seq for Gene Expression Analyses of Dose-Response Experiments SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE RT-PCR; bioinformatics; microarray; toxicogenomics; RNA-seq; dose response; risk assessment ID CHEMICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; DEPENDENT TRANSITIONS; EXPOSURE; RAT; NORMALIZATION; FORMALDEHYDE; CANCER AB Relative to microarrays, RNA-seq has been reported to offer higher precision estimates of transcript abundance, a greater dynamic range, and detection of novel transcripts. However, previous comparisons of the 2 technologies have not covered dose-response experiments that are relevant to toxicology. Male F344 rats were exposed for 13 weeks to 5 doses of bromobenzene, and liver gene expression was measured using both microarrays and RNA-seq. Multiple normalization methods were evaluated for each technology, and gene expression changes were statistically analyzed using both analysis of variance and benchmark dose (BMD). Fold-change values were highly correlated between the 2 technologies, whereas the log p values showed lower correlation. RNA-seq detected fewer statistically significant genes at lower doses, but more significant genes based on fold change except when a negative binomial transformation was applied. Overlap in genes significant by both p value and fold change was approximately 30%40%. Random sampling of the RNA-seq data showed an equivalent number of differentially expressed genes compared with microarrays at similar to 5 million reads. Quantitative RT-PCR of differentially expressed genes uniquely identified by each technology showed a high degree of confirmation when both fold change and p value were considered. The mean dose-response expression of each gene was highly correlated between technologies, whereas estimates of sample variability and gene-based BMD values showed lower correlation. Differences in BMD estimates and statistical significance may be due, in part, to differences in the dynamic range of each technology and the degree to which normalization corrects genes at either end of the scale. C1 [Black, Michael B.; Parks, Bethany B.; Pluta, Linda; Thomas, Russell S.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Chu, Tzu-Ming; Wolfinger, Russell D.] SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Allen, Bruce C.] Bruce Allen Consulting, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Thomas, RS (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr B205-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Thomas.Russell@epa.gov OI Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301 FU American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative FX American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 26 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 137 IS 2 BP 385 EP 403 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft249 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AA2RU UT WOS:000330942600010 PM 24194394 ER PT J AU Rogers, JM Ellis-Hutchings, RG Grey, BE Zucker, RM Norwood, J Grace, CE Gordon, CJ Lau, C AF Rogers, John M. Ellis-Hutchings, Robert G. Grey, Brian E. Zucker, Robert M. Norwood, Joel, Jr. Grace, Curtis E. Gordon, Christopher J. Lau, Christopher TI Elevated Blood Pressure in Offspring of Rats Exposed to Diverse Chemicals During Pregnancy SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE DOHaD; fetal programming; fetal physiology; maternal toxicity; maternal stress ID MATERNAL PROTEIN RESTRICTION; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; INDUCED HYPERTENSION; METABOLIC SYNDROME; 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE; GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; ADULT DISEASE AB Adverse intrauterine environments have been associated with increased risk of later cardiovascular disease and hypertension. In an animal model using diverse developmental toxicants, we measured blood pressure (BP), renal nephron endowment, renal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene expression, and serum aldosterone in offspring of pregnant Sprague Dawley rats exposed to dexamethasone (Dex), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), atrazine, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), arsenic, or nicotine. BP was assessed by tail cuff photoplethysmography, nephron endowment by confocal microscopy, and renal GR mRNA by qPCR. BP was also measured by telemetry, and corticosterone (CORT) was measured in resting or restrained Dex and atrazine offspring. Treated dams gained less weight during treatment in all groups except arsenic. There were chemical- and sex-specific effects on birth weight, but offspring body weights were similar by weaning. BP was higher in Dex, PFOS, atrazine, and PFNA male offspring by 710 weeks. Female offspring exhibited elevated BP at 10 weeks for PFNA and arsenic, and at 37 weeks for Dex, PFOS, and atrazine. Dex, PFOS, and atrazine offspring still exhibited elevated BP at 5265 weeks of age; others did not. Elevated BP was associated with lower nephron counts. Dex, PFOS, and atrazine offspring had elevated renal GR gene expression. Elevations in BP were also observed in Dex and atrazine offspring by radiotelemetry. Atrazine offspring exhibited enhanced CORT response to restraint. Elevated offspring BP was induced by maternal exposure to toxicants. Because all treatments affected maternal gestational weight gain, maternal stress may be a common underlying factor in these observations. C1 [Rogers, John M.; Ellis-Hutchings, Robert G.; Grey, Brian E.; Zucker, Robert M.; Norwood, Joel, Jr.; Grace, Curtis E.; Gordon, Christopher J.; Lau, Christopher] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Rogers, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rogers.john@epa.gov FU Environmental Protection Agency FX The research described in this article has been reviewed and approved for publication as an EPA document. Approval does not necessarily signify that the contents reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. All funding for this research came from the Environmental Protection Agency. NR 65 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 137 IS 2 BP 436 EP 446 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft248 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AA2RU UT WOS:000330942600014 PM 24218149 ER PT J AU Boverhof, DR Ladics, G Luebke, B Botham, J Corsini, E Evans, E Germolec, D Holsapple, M Loveless, SE Lu, H van der Laan, JW White, KL Yang, Y AF Boverhof, Darrell R. Ladics, Greg Luebke, Bob Botham, Jane Corsini, Emanuela Evans, Ellen Germolec, Dori Holsapple, Michael Loveless, Scott E. Lu, Haitian van der Laan, Jan Willem White, Kimber L., Jr. Yang, Yung TI Approaches and considerations for the assessment of immunotoxicity for environmental chemicals: A workshop summary SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lmmunotoxicity; Environmental chemicals; Testing ID HAZARD IDENTIFICATION PURPOSES; REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM FUNCTION; ASSESSING HUMORAL IMMUNITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; IN-VITRO; DEVELOPMENTAL IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY; SKIN SENSITIZATION; PREDICTIVE IDENTIFICATION; STANDARD TOXICOLOGY; SAFETY ASSESSMENT AB As experience is gained with toxicology testing and as new assays and technologies are developed, it is critical for stakeholders to discuss opportunities to advance our overall testing strategies. To facilitate these discussions, a workshop on practices for assessing immunotoxicity for environmental chemicals was held with the goal of sharing perspectives on immunotoxicity testing strategies and experiences, developmental immunotoxicity (DIT), and integrated and alternative approaches to immunotoxicity testing. Experiences across the chemical and pharmaceutical industries suggested that standard toxicity studies, combined with triggered-based testing approaches, represent an effective and efficient approach to evaluate immunotoxic potential. Additionally, discussions on study design, critical windows, and' new guideline approaches and experiences identified important factors to consider before initiating DIT evaluations including assay choice and timing and the impact of existing adult data. Participants agreed that integrating endpoints into standard repeat-dose studies should be considered for fulfilling any immunotoxicity testing requirements, while also maximizing information and reducing animal use. Participants also acknowledged that in vitro evaluation of immunosuppression is complex and may require the use of multiple assays that are still being developed. These workshop discussions should contribute to developing an effective but more resource and animal efficient approach for evaluating chemical immunotoxicity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Boverhof, Darrell R.] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Ladics, Greg] DuPont Pioneer, Wilmington, DE USA. [Luebke, Bob] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Botham, Jane] Syngenta Ltd, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. [Corsini, Emanuela] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Sci Farmacol & Biomol, Toxicol Lab, Milan, Italy. [Evans, Ellen] Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT USA. [Germolec, Dori] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Holsapple, Michael] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Loveless, Scott E.] DuPont Haskell Global Ctr Hlth & Environm Sci, Newark, DE USA. [Lu, Haitian] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN USA. [van der Laan, Jan Willem] Med Evaluat Board, Utrecht, Netherlands. [White, Kimber L., Jr.] ImmunoTox Inc, Richmond, VA USA. [Yang, Yung] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Boverhof, DR (reprint author), Dow Chem Co USA, 1803 Bldg, Midland, MI 48674 USA. EM rboverhof@dow.com NR 76 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 68 IS 1 BP 96 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.11.012 PG 12 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 302JT UT WOS:000330601500011 PM 24280359 ER PT J AU Borges, SL Vyas, NB Christman, MC AF Borges, Shannon L. Vyas, Nimish B. Christman, Mary C. TI The Influence of Study Species Selection on Estimates of Pesticide Exposure in Free-Ranging Birds SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Anticholinesterase pesticide; Birds; Exposure; Indicator species; Orchard ID SWALLOWS TACHYCINETA-BICOLOR; APPLE ORCHARDS; AZINPHOS-METHYL; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDES; EASTERN BLUEBIRDS; SOUTHERN ONTARIO; WILDLIFE; CANADA; STARLINGS; PLASMA AB Field studies of pesticide effects on birds often utilize indicator species with the purpose of extrapolating to other avian taxa. Little guidance exists for choosing indicator species to monitor the presence and/or effects of contaminants that are labile in the environment or body, but are acutely toxic, such as anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) insecticides. Use of an indicator species that does not represent maximum exposure and/or effects could lead to inaccurate risk estimates. Our objective was to test the relevance of a priori selection of indicator species for a study on pesticide exposure to birds inhabiting fruit orchards. We used total plasma ChE activity and ChE reactivation to describe the variability in anti-ChE pesticide exposure among avian species in two conventionally managed fruit orchards. Of seven species included in statistical analyses, the less common species, chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina), showed the greatest percentage of exposed individuals and the greatest ChE depression, whereas the two most common species, American robins (Turdus migratorius) and gray catbirds (Dumatella carolinensis), did not show significant exposure. Due to their lower abundance, chipping sparrows would have been an unlikely choice for study. Our results show that selection of indicator species using traditionally accepted criteria such as abundance and ease of collection may not identify species that are at greatest risk. Our efforts also demonstrate the usefulness of conducting multiple-species pilot studies prior to initiating detailed studies on pesticide effects. A study such as ours can help focus research and resources on study species that are most appropriate. C1 [Borges, Shannon L.] Univ Maryland, MEES Grad Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Vyas, Nimish B.] BARC, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Christman, Mary C.] MCC Stat Consulting LLC, Gainesville, FL 32605 USA. RP Borges, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, 7511P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM borges.shannon@epa.gov FU Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DW14937610-01-0]; U.S. Geological Survey [DW14937610-01-0]; Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society FX The authors thank K. Bowser, K. Crawford, J. Davignon, W. Echard, G. Gentry, S. Gentry, M. Hamilton, S. Han, J. Healy, T. Johnson, M. Kohns, N. Martin, R. Nichols, W. Potter, S. Rush, J. Spann, S. Wagner, K. Waite, and M. Wilcox for assistance in the field, laboratory, or with other aspects of this project. We also thank M. Brown and H. Hogmire for providing guidance and access to the WVU and USDA orchards; D. Leach, D. Magaha, J. Hendricks, and the farm crews at the WVU and USDA orchards for aid in coordinating field work at the WVU and USDA sites, L. Kidwell for assistance at the Paw Paw site, and to C. Hill and P. Hott for allowing access to their land. Thanks also to M. Hooper for technical assistance with ChE analyses as well as data used in this project, and to N. Beyer, G. Heinz, and two anonymous reviewers for comments to improve the manuscript. This project was funded by Patuxent Wildlife Research Center with funds received through an Interagency Agreement (DW14937610-01-0) between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Geological Survey. Funding was also provided by the Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society, through their Committee on Grants-in-Aid of Research. The experiments associated with this research comply with the current laws of the US. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 53 IS 2 BP 416 EP 428 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0194-6 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 298RV UT WOS:000330343000014 PM 24174132 ER PT J AU West, KL Ramer, J Brown, JL Sweeney, J Hanahoe, EM Reidarson, T Proudfoot, J Bergfelt, DR AF West, Kristi L. Ramer, Jan Brown, Janine L. Sweeney, Jay Hanahoe, Erin M. Reidarson, Torn Proudfoot, Jeffry Bergfelt, Don R. TI Thyroid hormone concentrations in relation to age, sex, pregnancy, and perinatal loss in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bottlenose dolphin; Thyroid hormones; Age; Sex; Pregnancy; Perinatal loss ID DELPHINAPTERUS-LEUCAS; HALICHOERUS-GRYPUS; FUNCTION TESTS; BELUGA WHALES; SERUM; THYROXINE; LACTATION; SEASON; SEALS; CHILDREN AB This study evaluated circulating concentrations of thyroid hormones in relation to age, sex, pregnancy status, and perinatal loss in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) under human care. A total of 373 blood samples were collected from 60 individual dolphins housed at nine aquariums/oceanariums. Serum concentrations of total and free thyroxine (T-4) and triiodothyronine (T-3) were analyzed with commercial RIA kits validated for use with dolphins. While the effect of age was indicated by higher (P < 0.0001) concentrations of total and free T-4 and T-3 in juveniles than adults, the effect of sex on thyroid hormones was inconclusive. The effect of pregnancy was indicated by higher (P < 0.035) total and free T-4 and T-3 during early pregnancy compared to non-pregnancy. For both successful and unsuccessful pregnancy outcomes, maternal concentrations of thyroid hormones were highest during early, intermediate during mid, and lowest during late pregnancy (P < 0.07 to P < 0.0001). Compared to live and thriving births, concentrations of total and free T-4 and total T-3 were lower (P < 0.08 to P < 0.001) in dolphins with perinatal loss. Lower concentrations ranged from 10% to 14% during early, 11% to 18% during mid, and 23% to 37% during late pregnancy. In conclusion, the effects of age, reproductive status and stage of pregnancy on thyroid hormone concentrations are necessary factors to take into account when assessing thyroid gland function. Since perinatal loss may be associated with hypothyroidism in dolphins, analysis of serum T-4 and T-3 should be considered for those dolphins that have a history of pregnancy loss. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [West, Kristi L.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Coll Nat & Computat Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. [Ramer, Jan; Proudfoot, Jeffry] Indianapolis Zoo, Indianapolis, IN 46222 USA. [Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Dept Reprod Sci, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Sweeney, Jay] Quest Global Management Dolphin Quest, San Diego, CA 92107 USA. [Hanahoe, Erin M.] Dolphin Quest Hawaii, Waikoloa, HI 96738 USA. [Reidarson, Torn] Sea World Calif, San Diego, CA 92109 USA. [Bergfelt, Don R.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP West, KL (reprint author), Hawaii Pacific Univ, Coll Nat & Computat Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. EM kwest@hpu.edu; jramer@indyzoo.com; brownjan@si.edu; jsweeney@dolphinquest.com; ehana-hoe@hotmail.com; reidarsongroup@me.com; jproudfoot@indyzoo.com; Bergfelt.Don@epa.gov FU Indianapolis Zoo; Dolphin Quest; Prescott Grant Program FX We thank each contributing institution including Dolphin Quest Hawaii, Dolphin Quest Oahu, Dolphin Quest Bermuda, Dolphin Quest French Polynesia, Indianapolis Zoo, Minnesota Zoo, Sea Life Park Hawaii, Sea World San Diego and West Edmonton Mall Dolphin Lagoon. We are especially thankful to the veterinary staff and animal husbandry staff at collaborating facilities for the diligent and frequent collection of samples. We would also like to thank Andre Theriault at the University of Hawaii at Manoa for providing laboratory facilities and guidance during this project. We are grateful to Nicole Presley for help with the laboratory work, to Holley Muraco for information on testis size at puberty, and to Dr. Mohd Beg for assistance with statistical analysis. We also thank Jennifer Leach, Whitney White, Susan Fertall White and Emily Spolarich for help with data management and references. F. David Horgen and Dr. Beg reviewed the manuscript. This study was funded by the Indianapolis Zoo. The first author (Dr. West) also received support from Dolphin Quest and the Prescott Grant Program during the course of this study. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USEPA or other institutions. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 197 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.11.021 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 301TP UT WOS:000330555300009 PM 24321177 ER PT J AU Karaoulis, M Revil, A Minsley, B Todesco, M Zhang, J Werkema, DD AF Karaoulis, M. Revil, A. Minsley, B. Todesco, M. Zhang, J. Werkema, D. D. TI Time-lapse gravity inversion with an active time constraint SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Tomography; Time variable gravity; Hydrogeophysics; Hydrothermal systems ID MICROGRAVITY; VOLCANO; DENSITY; DEPTH AB Traditional methods used to invert gravity data are generally based on smoothness as a regularizer and the time-lapse inversion of gravity data is traditionally based on sequential inversion. A smooth density model can be in contradiction with the known geology of the target and sequential time-lapse inversion may lead to the presence of artefacts in the sequence of tomograms due to the propagation of errors from the initial dataset and its associated tomogram. We propose a deterministic time-lapse algorithm to invert a sequence of gravity data combining two features: an image focusing technique and the use of a time-dependent regularizer using an Active Time Constrained (ATC) approach. These two features are included directly in the objective function to minimize. The ATC inversion of time-lapse gravity data is efficient in filtering out noise-contaminated data as long as the noise is not correlated over time. Our approach can also be used to incorporate prior information regarding the density model we want to retrieve. The forward solver is based on a commercial finite element solver with a high flexibility in meshing irregular domains, a feature that is important to include realistic topography from digital elevation maps, for instance, and to describe the density distribution of geological structures with complex geometries. We benchmark the accuracy of the forward modelling code using an analytical expression and test the effectiveness of the focusing algorithm. We show the advantage of our approach in the case of the water flooding of an oil reservoir in order to detect and monitor the position of the oil-water encroachment front. We also test the model against synthetic data describing the evolution of a hydrothermal system feed by a magmatic source and the collapse of a mine. In all these cases, the approach we follow is successful in monitoring density changes. C1 [Karaoulis, M.; Revil, A.; Zhang, J.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Revil, A.] Univ Savoie, ISTerre, CNRS, UMR CNRS 5275, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Minsley, B.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Todesco, M.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-40128 Bologna, Italy. [Werkema, D. D.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, ESD,CMB, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Karaoulis, M (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM arevil@mines.edu RI Todesco, Micol/B-1216-2012; OI Todesco, Micol/0000-0002-5939-0985; Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development [EP10D00437]; DOE (Geothermal Technology Advancement for Rapid Development of Resources in the U.S., GEODE) [DE-EE0005513] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract #EP10D00437 (to MK). It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. We acknowledge funding from DOE (Geothermal Technology Advancement for Rapid Development of Resources in the U.S., GEODE, Award #DE-EE0005513). We thank J. Wassermann and two anonymous referees for their time and very constructive comments and Jeff Phillips from USGS for additional and very constructive corrections. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 196 IS 2 BP 748 EP 759 DI 10.1093/gji/ggt408 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 301MV UT WOS:000330537300010 ER PT J AU Luo, PP Takara, K Apip He, B Nover, D AF Luo, Pingping Takara, Kaoru Apip He, Bin Nover, Daniel TI Reconstruction assessment of historical land use: A case study in the Kamo River basin, Kyoto, Japan SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Historical land use; Reconstruction Historical document; GIS; Kyoto ID HYDROLOGY; IMPACT; HOLOCENE; MODEL AB Reconstruction assessment of historical land use can be useful for understanding historical conditions and the impact of long-term land-use change. This study establishes a new method to estimate historical land use based on a set of basic rules generated from the comparison of present land-use and historical documents. This method has been formalized in the paleo-land-use reconstruction (PLUR) program, allowing users to quickly reconstruct historical land use using historical information. The 1843, 1902 and 1927 historical land use conditions were generated using the PLUR model for the Kamo River basin (KRB). Our results show that between 1902 and 1976, three golf courses (Ohara Public course, Kamigamo course and Funayama course) replaced forest land in the KRB. As a result of agricultural development, the area occupied by paddy fields in 1843 was 2.48 km(2) less than that in 1902. Urban areas increased from 1843 to 1976, mainly reflecting declining coverage of paddy fields after 1902. The approach presented in this study can be used to support land-use change analyses and reconstruction of paleo-hydrology. This study also provides a discussion of the major drivers of land use change. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Luo, Pingping; Takara, Kaoru; Apip; He, Bin] Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. [He, Bin] Kyoto Univ, Ctr Promot Interdisciplinary Educ & Res, Educ Unit Adaptat & Resilience Sustainable Soc, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. [Nover, Daniel] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Washington Dc, WA USA. RP Luo, PP (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. EM robertluoping@flood.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp; hebin@flood.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp RI He, Bin/F-8497-2014 OI He, Bin/0000-0002-3475-4324 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [P12055]; JSPS KAKENHI [24.02055]; Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management at the Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN); JSPS [24248041]; Kyoto University Global CUE program on "Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions"; InterGraduate School Program for Sustainable Development and Survivable Societies (GSS), MEXT Program for Leading Graduate Schools FX This study was supported by the Postdoctoral fellowship of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (P12055), JSPS KAKENHI Grant no. 24.02055, Designing Local Frameworks for Integrated Water Resources Management at the Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN), JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(A) Grant no. 24248041, the Kyoto University Global CUE program on "Sustainability/Survivability Science for a Resilient Society Adaptable to Extreme Weather Conditions", and InterGraduate School Program for Sustainable Development and Survivable Societies (GSS), MEXT Program for Leading Graduate Schools 2011-2018. We also thank Dr. Pedro Luiz Borges Chaffe and Dr. Netrananda Sahu for providing comments on this paper. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 EI 1873-7803 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 63 BP 106 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.07.024 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 295VK UT WOS:000330144200012 ER PT J AU Evans, DM Schoenholtz, SH Wigington, PJ Griffith, SM Floyd, WC AF Evans, Daniel M. Schoenholtz, Stephen H. Wigington, Parker J., Jr. Griffith, Stephen M. Floyd, William C. TI Spatial and temporal patterns of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in surface waters of a multi-land use basin SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Surface waters; Dissolved nutrients; Land management; Dissolved nitrogen; Phosphorus; Multi-land use; Landscape scale; Rivers; Streams ID CONTRASTING CLIMATIC YEARS; WESTERN OREGON; ORGANIC NITROGEN; SOURCE FERTILIZATION; ITALIAN RYEGRASS; STREAM; DYNAMICS; FOREST; EUTROPHICATION; LANDSCAPE AB Research on relationships between dissolved nutrients and land-use at the watershed scale is a high priority for protecting surface water quality. We measured dissolved nitrogen (DN) and ortho-phosphorus (P) along 130 km of the Calapooia River (Oregon, USA) and 44 of its sub-basins for 3 years to test for associations with land-use. Nutrient concentrations were analyzed for spatial and seasonal patterns and for relationships with land-use and stream discharge. Ortho-P and DN were higher in lower-elevation sub-basins dominated by poorly drained soils and agricultural production compared with higher-elevation sub-basins dominated by well-drained soils and forests. Eight lower basins had at least one sample period with nitrate-N > 10 mg L-1. The Calapooia River had lower concentrations of dissolved nutrients compared with lower sub-basins, often by an order of magnitude. Dissolved organic N represented a greater proportion of DN in the upper forested sub-basins. Seasonal nutrient concentrations had strong positive correlations to the percent of a sub-basin that was managed for agriculture in all seasons (p values a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.019) except summer. Results suggest that agricultural lands are contributing to stream nutrient concentrations. However, poorly drained soils in agricultural areas may also contribute to the strong relationships that we found between dissolved nutrients and agriculture. C1 [Evans, Daniel M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Schoenholtz, Stephen H.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Water Resources Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Wigington, Parker J., Jr.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Griffith, Stephen M.] USDA ARS, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Floyd, William C.] Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resource Operat, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6E9, Canada. RP Evans, DM (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, 330 Smyth Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM daniel76@vt.edu; stephen.schoenholtz@vt.edu; wigington.jim@epa.gov; Steve.Griffith@ars.usda.gov; william.floyd@gov.bc.ca FU Forest Research Laboratory Fish and Wildlife Habitat in Managed Forests Research Program at Oregon State University; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This research was supported by the Forest Research Laboratory Fish and Wildlife Habitat in Managed Forests Research Program at Oregon State University and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. In-kind support was provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency through the time of one of the co-authors. This manuscript has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. We thank Machelle Nelson and Donald Streeter for providing lab and field support. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this manuscript is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the USDA Agricultural Research Service or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 70 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 186 IS 2 BP 873 EP 887 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3428-4 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 288YE UT WOS:000329647300018 PM 24046242 ER PT J AU Flotemersch, JE North, S Blocksom, KA AF Flotemersch, Joseph E. North, Sheila Blocksom, Karen A. TI Evaluation of an alternate method for sampling benthic macroinvertebrates in low-gradient streams sampled as part of the National Rivers and Streams Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Benthic macroinvertebrates; Wadeable Streams Assessment; National Rivers and Streams Assessment; Biological condition AB Benthic macroinvertebrates are sampled in streams and rivers as one of the assessment elements of the US Environmental Protection Agency's National Rivers and Streams Assessment. In a 2006 report, the recommendation was made that different yet comparable methods be evaluated for different types of streams (e.g., low gradient vs. high gradient). Consequently, a research element was added to the 2008-2009 National Rivers and Streams Assessment to conduct a side-by-side comparison of the standard macroinvertebrate sampling method with an alternate method specifically designed for low-gradient wadeable streams and rivers that focused more on stream edge habitat. Samples were collected using each method at 525 sites in five of nine aggregate ecoregions located in the conterminous USA. Methods were compared using the benthic macroinvertebrate multimetric index developed for the 2006 Wadeable Streams Assessment. Statistical analysis did not reveal any trends that would suggest the overall assessment of low-gradient streams on a regional or national scale would change if the alternate method was used rather than the standard sampling method, regardless of the gradient cutoff used to define low-gradient streams. Based on these results, the National Rivers and Streams Survey should continue to use the standard field method for sampling all streams. C1 [Flotemersch, Joseph E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [North, Sheila] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Blocksom, Karen A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Flotemersch, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,Mail Stop 591, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM flotemersch.joseph@epa.gov FU USEPA [EP-D-06-096] FX USEPA funded and collaborated in the research described herein, with analysis under contract number EP-D-06-096 to Dynamac Corporation. Although this work was reviewed by USEPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Dave Peck, Greg Toth, Lou Reynolds, Phil Kaufmann, Ellen Tarquinio, and Richard Mitchell of USEPA and Marlys Cappaert of SRA International provided assistance in data acquisition, while Erica Grimmett and William Thoeny of Dynamac Corporation and Greg Pond of USEPA provided taxonomic expertise. GIS support was provided by Ellen D'Amico of Dynamac Corporation. B. Johnson, C. Lane, M. Bagley and several anonymous reviewers are acknowledged for astute and constructive comments on the previous drafts of this manuscript. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 186 IS 2 BP 949 EP 959 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3426-6 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 288YE UT WOS:000329647300024 PM 24081815 ER PT J AU Mackenbach, EM Harwood, AD Mills, MA Landrum, PF Lydy, MJ AF Mackenbach, Elizabeth M. Harwood, Amanda D. Mills, Marc A. Landrum, Peter F. Lydy, Michael J. TI APPLICATION OF A TENAX MODEL TO ASSESS BIOAVAILABILITY OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN FIELD SEDIMENTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Tenax; Bioaccumulation test; Oligochaete; Polychlorinated biphenys (PCBs); Superfund site; Remediation ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS; CONTAMINANT BIOAVAILABILITY; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; HYALELLA-AZTECA; EXTRACTION; AVAILABILITY; DESORPTION; BIOACCUMULATION; INSECTICIDES AB Recent literature has shown that bioavailability-based techniques, such as Tenax extraction, can estimate sediment exposure to benthos. In a previous study by the authors, Tenax extraction was used to create and validate a literature-based Tenax model to predict oligochaete bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from sediment; however, its ability to assess sediment remediation was unknown. The present study further tested the Tenax model by examining the impacts of remediation on surface sediment concentrations, Tenax extractable concentrations, and tissue concentrations of laboratory-exposed Lumbriculus variegatus. Tenax extractable concentration was an effective exposure metric to evaluate changes in Lumbriculus exposure preremediation and postremediation, with 75% of the postremediation data corresponding to the Tenax model. At nondredged sites, bioaccumulation was better predicted by the Tenax model, with 86% of the data falling within the 95% confidence intervals, than at dredged sites, for which only 64% of the data fit the Tenax model. In both pre- and postdredge conditions, when the model failed, it was conservative, predicting higher PCB concentrations than observed in the oligochaetes, particularly for the postdredge data. The present study advances understanding of the applicability of the Tenax model for use when examining systems that may have undergone significant disturbances. The Tenax model provides a unique tool for quickly quantifying potential exposure to benthic organisms. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Mackenbach, Elizabeth M.; Harwood, Amanda D.; Landrum, Peter F.; Lydy, Michael J.] So Illinois Univ, Ctr Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Mackenbach, Elizabeth M.; Harwood, Amanda D.; Landrum, Peter F.; Lydy, Michael J.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Mills, Marc A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lydy, MJ (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Ctr Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM mlydy@siu.edu RI Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017 OI Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank the US Environmental Protection Agency for access to the Ottawa River and sediments as well as funding for the work. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 286 EP 292 DI 10.1002/etc.2423 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 287QF UT WOS:000329556600004 PM 24127319 ER PT J AU Chariton, AA Ho, KT Proestou, D Bik, H Simpson, SL Portis, LM Cantwell, MG Baguley, JG Burgess, RM Pelletier, MM Perron, M Gunsch, C Matthews, RA AF Chariton, Anthony A. Ho, Kay T. Proestou, Dina Bik, Holly Simpson, Stuart L. Portis, Lisa M. Cantwell, Mark G. Baguley, Jeffrey G. Burgess, Robert M. Pelletier, Marguerite M. Perron, Monique Gunsch, Claudia Matthews, Robin A. TI A MOLECULAR-BASED APPROACH FOR EXAMINING RESPONSES OF EUKARYOTES IN MICROCOSMS TO CONTAMINANT-SPIKED ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Metabarcoding; Environmental DNA (e-DNA); Next generation sequencing; 18S rRNA ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; RIBOSOMAL DNA; BIODIVERSITY; TRICLOSAN; COMMUNITY; TOXICITY; DIVERSITY; BIOSPHERE; NEMATODES; MEIOFAUNA AB Ecotoxicological information for most contaminants is limited to a small number of taxa, and these are generally restricted to comparatively hardy organisms that are readily extractable from test media and easily identifiable. Advances in DNA sequencing can now provide a comprehensive view of benthic invertebrate diversity. The authors applied 454 pyrosequencing to examine the responses of benthic communities in microcosms exposed to sediments with elevated concentrations of triclosan, the endpoint being eukaryl communities that have successfully vertically migrated through the manipulated sediments. The biological communities associated with the 3 treatments (control triclosan, low triclosan [14mg/kg], and high triclosan [180mg/kg]) clustered into 3 groups: control/low (n=6 controls and 4 low), moderate (n=2 low), and high (n=5 high). One sample was discarded as an outlier. The most pronounced change as a response to triclosan was the loss of number of metazoan operational taxonomic units (OTUs), indicative of the control/low and moderate groups, with this being most evident in the range of taxa associated with the classes Chromadorea and Bivalvia and the phylum Kinorhyncha. The authors also describe a range of other taxa that aided discrimination between the groups; compare findings with traditionally obtained meio- and macrofaunal communities obtained from the same experiment; and illustrate some of the advantages and limitations associated with both the molecular and traditional approaches. The described approach illustrates the capacity for amplicon sequencing to provide ecologically relevant information that can be used to strengthen an understanding of how sedimentary communities respond to a range of environmental stressors. (c) 2014 SETAC C1 [Chariton, Anthony A.; Simpson, Stuart L.] CSIRO Land & Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia. [Ho, Kay T.; Proestou, Dina; Portis, Lisa M.; Cantwell, Mark G.; Burgess, Robert M.; Pelletier, Marguerite M.; Perron, Monique] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [Bik, Holly] Univ Calif Davis, UC Davis Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cantwell, Mark G.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Gunsch, Claudia] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Matthews, Robin A.] Western Washington Univ, Inst Watershed Studies, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. RP Chariton, AA (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia. EM Anthony.Chariton@csiro.au RI Simpson, Stuart/A-6044-2011; Chariton, Anthony/F-2373-2011 OI Simpson, Stuart/0000-0003-1759-0564; Chariton, Anthony/0000-0002-5809-3372 FU CSIRO's Wealth from Oceans Flagship FX The present study was financed and supported by CSIRO's Wealth from Oceans Flagship. We thank R. Pruell and B. Taplin for invaluable field help, T. Chandler for his time and knowledge, A. Steven for his support, L. Bukonvik for her exceptional expertise in pyrosequencing, and G. Batley for his significant editorial contributions to the draft versions of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 359 EP 369 DI 10.1002/etc.2450 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 287QF UT WOS:000329556600013 PM 24399368 ER PT J AU Lalley, J Dionysiou, DD Varma, RS Shankara, S Yang, DJ Nadagouda, MN AF Lalley, Jacob Dionysiou, Dionysios D. Varma, Rajender S. Shankara, Somashetty Yang, Duck J. Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. TI Silver-based antibacterial surfaces for drinking water disinfection - an overview SO CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID BACTERICIDAL AGENT; STAINLESS-STEEL; NANOPARTICLES; COMPOSITES; NANOSILVER; MATRIX; METAL AB Risks associated with current disinfection techniques, including the formation of disinfection by-products and multidrug resistant bacterial species, have prompted the exploration of advanced disinfection methods. One such technique employs silver nanoparticle incorporation on various surfaces (e.g. metals, plastics, polymers). While silver's bactericidal impact has been known since ancient times, advancements in nanotechnology have improved the efficiency of silver disinfection and have enabled the use of silver as a viable disinfection option. Yet silver particles in drinking water can pose serious health risks. Consequently, before the immobilization of these bactericidal particles onto a surface could be considered a safe and efficient method of bacterial disinfection, various parameters including disinfection efficiency, silver leaching, and substrate reuse must be evaluated. C1 [Lalley, Jacob; Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Lalley, Jacob; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Shankara, Somashetty] Govt Coll Women, Dept Microbiol, Chintamani 563125, India. [Yang, Duck J.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Chem, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. RP Nadagouda, MN (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, WSWRD, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM nadagouda.mallikarjuna@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2211-3398 J9 CURR OPIN CHEM ENG JI Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 3 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.coche.2013.09.004 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA CM4QE UT WOS:000357668800006 ER PT J AU Pokhrel, LR Dubey, B Scheuerman, PR AF Pokhrel, Lok R. Dubey, Brajesh Scheuerman, Phillip R. TI Natural water chemistry (dissolved organic carbon, pH, and hardness) modulates colloidal stability, dissolution, and antimicrobial activity of citrate functionalized silver nanoparticles SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO LA English DT Article ID ZINC-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; AGGREGATION KINETICS; SURFACE-CHARGE; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ACUTE TOXICITY; IMPACT; MATTER; NANOMATERIALS AB Knowledge about whether/how natural water chemistry influences the fate, dissolution, and toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) should contribute to ecological risk assessment and informed decision making. The effects of three critical water chemistry parameters - dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH, and hardness - were investigated on the colloidal stability, dissolution dynamics, and antimicrobial activity of citrate-functionalized AgNPs (citrate-AgNPs) against Escherichia coli. Toxicities of citrate-AgNPs and AgNO3 were also determined in the river water samples collected across three seasons (for seven months). Detectable changes in hydrodynamic diameter, surface charge, and plasmonic resonance revealed the modulating effects of the water chemistry parameters on the colloidal stability of citrate-AgNPs. Although, overall Ag release from citrate-AgNPs was low (0.33-3.62%), it increased with increasing DOC concentrations (0-20 mg L-1) but decreased with increasing pH (5-7.5) or hardness (150-280 mg L-1). Citrate-AgNP toxicity was 3-44 fold lower than of AgNO3 (Ag mass basis). Notably, higher DOC or pH conferred protection to E. coli against citrate-AgNPs or AgNO3; increasing solution hardness tended to enhance toxicity, however. Citrate-AgNPs or AgNO3 toxicity in the river water matrix revealed no seasonality. Generalized linear models developed, by parameterizing particle properties, could fairly predict empirically-derived nanotoxicity. Our results show that particle size, surface properties, ion release kinetics, and toxicity of citrate-AgNPs can be modified upon release into aquatic environments, suggesting potential implications to ecosystem health and functions. C1 [Pokhrel, Lok R.; Scheuerman, Phillip R.] E Tennessee State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. [Dubey, Brajesh] Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Pokhrel, Lok R.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Dubey, B (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, 50 Stone Rd East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM bdubey@uoguelph.ca FU East Tennessee State University (ETSU) RDC [82064]; Office of Research and Sponsored Program (ETSU) [83003]; TEM Analysis Services Lab, TX FX This research was supported, in part, by the East Tennessee State University (ETSU) RDC grant# 82064 and the research grant# 83003 from the Office of Research and Sponsored Program (ETSU). Special thanks to Kurt Maier (ETSU), Tricia Metts (ETSU), Thabet Tolaymat (USEPA) and Richard Guinn (Eastman Chemicals) for their insights and thoughtful suggestions. We thank Dr. Reza Mohseni (ETSU) for providing access to the UV-vis spectrophotometer, and TEM Analysis Services Lab, TX for support with NP characterization. This study has not been subjected to the US EPA internal review, and the opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect that of the associated institutions. Any mention of the trade names does not imply endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 57 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 9 U2 49 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2051-8153 EI 2051-8161 J9 ENVIRON-SCI NANO JI Environ.-Sci. Nano PD FEB PY 2014 VL 1 IS 1 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1039/c3en00017f PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AZ1AB UT WOS:000347971700005 ER PT J AU Dagnino, S Bellet, V Grimaldi, M Riu, A Ait-Aissa, S Cavailles, V Fenet, H Balaguer, P AF Dagnino, Sonia Bellet, Virginie Grimaldi, Marina Riu, Anne Ait-Aissa, Selim Cavailles, Vincent Fenet, Helene Balaguer, Patrick TI Affinity Purification Using Recombinant PXR as a Tool to Characterize Environmental Ligands SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PXR; ER; AhR; AR; affinity column ID PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; XENOBIOTIC RECEPTOR; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COMPLEX PROVIDES; REPORTER; XENOESTROGENS; METABOLITES; ANTAGONISTS AB Many environmental endocrine disrupting compounds act as ligands for nuclear receptors. The human pregnane X receptor (hPXR), for instance, is activated by a variety of environmental ligands such as steroids, pharmaceutical drugs, pesticides, alkylphenols, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybromo diethylethers. Some of us have previously reported the occurrence of hPXR ligands in environmental samples but failed to identify them. The aim of this study was to test whether a PXR-affinity column, in which recombinant hPXR was immobilized on solid support, could help the purification of these chemicals. Using PXR ligands of different affinity (10 nM < EC50 < 10 M), we demonstrated that the PXR-affinity preferentially column captured ligands with medium to high affinities (EC50 < 1 M). Furthermore, by using the PXR-affinity column to analyze an environmental sample containing ER, AhR, AR, and PXR activities, we show that (i) half of the PXR activity of the sample was due to compounds with medium to high affinity for PXR and (ii) PXR shared ligands with ER, AR, and AhR. These findings demonstrate that the newly developed PXR-affinity column coupled to reporter cell lines represents a valuable tool for the characterization of the nature of PXR active compounds and should therefore guide and facilitate their further analysis. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 207-215, 2014. C1 [Dagnino, Sonia; Bellet, Virginie; Grimaldi, Marina; Cavailles, Vincent; Balaguer, Patrick] IRCM, CRLC Val dAurelle Paul Lamarque, INSERM, U896, F-34298 Montpellier, France. [Dagnino, Sonia; Bellet, Virginie; Grimaldi, Marina; Cavailles, Vincent; Balaguer, Patrick] Univ Montpellier I, F-34298 Montpellier, France. [Dagnino, Sonia; Fenet, Helene] Univ Montpellier I, UMR Hydrosci 5569, F-34060 Montpellier, France. [Riu, Anne] INRA, UMR Xenobiot 1089, F-31931 Toulouse, France. [Ait-Aissa, Selim] Inst Natl Environm Ind & Risques INERIS, Unite Ecotoxicol In Vitro & In Vivo, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France. RP Dagnino, S (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sonia.dagnino@gmail.com; patrick.balaguer@valdorel.fnclcc.fr RI Balaguer, Patrick/I-2973-2016 FU French Research Ministery; Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire de l'Environnement et du Travail [AFSSET, RD-2005-007] FX Contract grant sponsor: French Research Ministery.; Contract grant sponsor: Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire de l'Environnement et du Travail;; Contract grant number: AFSSET, RD-2005-007. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1520-4081 EI 1522-7278 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL JI Environ. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 29 IS 2 BP 207 EP 215 DI 10.1002/tox.20787 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology; Water Resources GA 279CL UT WOS:000328936900009 PM 22223399 ER PT J AU Goldade, MP O'Brien, WP AF Goldade, Mary Patricia O'Brien, Wendy Pott TI Use of Direct Versus Indirect Preparation Data for Assessing Risk Associated with Airborne Exposures at Asbestos-contaminated Sites SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE asbestos; exposure assessment; direct; indirect; risk assessment; Libby Amphibole ID DISEASES NIOSH FAILS; PUBLIC-HEALTH ACTION; INCREASE PROTECTION; VERMICULITE MINERS; LIBBY AMPHIBOLE; RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGES; SCIENCE WILL; MONTANA; WORKERS; MORTALITY AB At asbestos-contaminated sites, exposure assessment requires measurement of airborne asbestos concentrations; however, the choice of preparation steps employed in the analysis has been debated vigorously among members of the asbestos exposure and risk assessment communities for many years. This study finds that the choice of preparation technique used in estimating airborne amphibole asbestos exposures for risk assessment is generally not a significant source of uncertainty. Conventionally, the indirect preparation method has been less preferred by some because it is purported to result in false elevations in airborne asbestos concentrations, when compared to direct analysis of air filters. However, airborne asbestos sampling in non-occupational settings is challenging because non-asbestos particles can interfere with the asbestos measurements, sometimes necessitating analysis via indirect preparation. To evaluate whether exposure concentrations derived from direct versus indirect preparation techniques differed significantly, paired measurements of airborne Libby-type amphibole, prepared using both techniques, were compared. For the evaluation, 31 paired direct and indirect preparations originating from the same air filters were analyzed for Libby-type amphibole using transmission electron microscopy. On average, the total Libby-type amphibole airborne exposure concentration was 3.3times higher for indirect preparation analysis than for its paired direct preparation analysis (standard deviation = 4.1), a difference which is not statistically significant (p = 0.12, two-tailed, Wilcoxon signed rank test). The results suggest that the magnitude of the difference may be larger for shorter particles. Overall, neither preparation technique (direct or indirect) preferentially generates more precise and unbiased data for airborne Libby-type amphibole concentration estimates. The indirect preparation method is reasonable for estimating Libby-type amphibole exposure and may be necessary given the challenges of sampling in environmental settings. Relative to the larger context of uncertainties inherent in the risk assessment process, uncertainties associated with the use of airborne Libby-type amphibole exposure measurements derived from indirect preparation analysis are low. Use of exposure measurements generated by either direct or indirect preparation analyses is reasonable to estimate Libby-type Amphibole exposures in a risk assessment. C1 [Goldade, Mary Patricia] US EPA, Off Tech & Management Serv, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Goldade, Mary Patricia; O'Brien, Wendy Pott] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Goldade, MP (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 8,1595 Wynkoop St,Mail Code 8TMS IO, Denver, CO 80202 USA. EM goldade.mary@epa.gov FU CDM Federal; EMSL Analytical; SRC; Volpe National Transportation Systems Center; EPA FX The authors wish to thank those who provided study support (CDM Federal, EMSL Analytical, Terry Schulz, SRC, and Volpe National Transportation Systems Center), and gratefully acknowledge Julie Wroble, Bruce Kimball, Ron Mahoney, and Deborah McKean for their valued comments and suggestions. The EPA funded this work as part of investigative and cleanup efforts conducted at the Libby Asbestos Superfund Site. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD FEB 1 PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP 67 EP 76 DI 10.1080/15459624.2013.843779 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 278GM UT WOS:000328877200003 PM 24369928 ER PT J AU Rekhadevi, PV Diggs, DL Huderson, AC Harris, KL Archibong, AE Ramesh, A AF Rekhadevi, P. V. Diggs, D. L. Huderson, A. C. Harris, K. L. Archibong, A. E. Ramesh, A. TI Metabolism of the environmental toxicant benzo(a)pyrene by subcellular fractions of human ovary SO HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Benzo(a)pyrene; subcellular fractions; ovary; metabolism; infertility ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FETAL SURVIVAL; DNA-ADDUCTS; F344 RATS; EXPOSURE; EXPRESSION; CELLS; SMOKE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RISK AB Knowledge of the ability of the female reproductive system to metabolize environmental chemicals is critical not only from the standpoint of toxicity but also from infertility risk assessment. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a toxicant that is released into the environment from automobile exhausts, cigarette smoke, burning of refuse, industrial emissions, and hazardous waste sites. In exposed animals, BaP becomes activated to reactive metabolites that interfere with target organ function and as a consequence cause toxicity. Studies on animal models conducted in our laboratories and those of others have shown that BaP possess endocrine disrupting properties. Thus, this chemical has the potential to cause infertility and cancers in the female genital tract. An understanding of BaP metabolism in the female reproductive system will be of importance in the diagnosis and management of female fertility as well as cancers in the reproductive tissues. Therefore, the objective of our study was to examine the metabolism of BaP by human ovarian subcellular fractions. Human ovary samples (eight individuals) were obtained from postoperative tissue removed from subjects with uterine tumors. Subcellular fractions (nuclear, cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal) were prepared by differential centrifugation. BaP (1M and 3M) was individually incubated with individual subcellular fractions for 15min and the products were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Among the different fractions tested, microsomal BaP metabolism was higher than the rest of the fractions. The BaP metabolites identified were as follows: BaP-9,10-diol, BaP-4,5-diol, BaP-7,8-diol, 9(OH) BaP, 3(OH) BaP, BaP-1,6-dione, BaP-3,6-dione, and BaP-6,12-dione. Of interest was the presence of DNA-reactive metabolites such as BaP-3,6-dione, BaP-6,12-dione, and BaP 7,8-diol, which have been implicated in the causation of infertility and cancer. Our results indicate that women who are exposed to BaP via cigarette smoke, occupational settings, and diet are more likely at a larger risk of this toxicant-induced infertility and cancer than others. C1 [Rekhadevi, P. V.; Diggs, D. L.; Huderson, A. C.; Harris, K. L.; Ramesh, A.] Meharry Med Coll, Dept Biochem & Canc Biol, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Diggs, D. L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Archibong, A. E.] Meharry Med Coll, Dept Physiol, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Ramesh, A (reprint author), Meharry Med Coll, Dept Biochem & Canc Biol, 1005 DB Todd Blvd, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. EM aramesh@mmc.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [G12 RR03032, 5R01CA142845-04, 1RO3CA130112-01] FX This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants G12 RR03032, 5R01CA142845-04, and 1RO3CA130112-01. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 30 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0960-3271 EI 1477-0903 J9 HUM EXP TOXICOL JI Hum. Exp. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 196 EP 202 DI 10.1177/0960327113489050 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 274IO UT WOS:000328600200009 PM 23703818 ER PT J AU Dhakal, AS Sullivan, K AF Dhakal, Amod S. Sullivan, Kate TI Shallow groundwater response to rainfall on a forested headwater catchment in northern coastal California: implications of topography, rainfall, and throughfall intensities on peak pressure head generation SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE pore water pressure head; landslide; rainfall; throughfall; piezometer; topography ID SLOPE STABILITY; HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; SUBSURFACE STORMFLOW; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; DURATION CONTROL; DEBRIS FLOWS; WATER; SOIL; LANDSLIDES AB The pore water pressure head that builds in the soil during storms is a critical factor for the prediction of potential slope instability. We report findings from a 3-year study of pressure head in 83 piezometers distributed within a 13-ha forested catchment on the northern coast of California. The study's primary objective was to observe the seasonal and storm-based dynamics of pressure head at a catchment scale in relation to observed rainfall characteristics and in situ topography to better understand landscape patterns of pressure head. An additional goal was to determine the influence of the interaction between rainfall and forest canopy in altering delivery of water and pressure head during the large storms necessary to induce landsliding. We found that pressure head was highly variable in space and time at the catchment scale. Pore pressures peaked close to maximum rainfall intensity during the largest storms measured. The difference between rainfall and throughfall delivered through the canopy was negligible during the critical landslide-producing peak rainfall periods. Pore pressure was spatially variable within the catchment and did not strongly correlate with surficial topographic features. Only 23% of the piezometers located in a variety of slope positions were found to be highly responsive to rainfall. Topographic index statistically explained peak pressure head at responsive locations during common storms, but not during the larger storms with potential to produce landslides. Drainage efficiency throughout the catchment increased significantly in storms exceeding 2 to 7months peak pressure head return period indicated by slowing or cessation of the rate of increase of pressure head with increasing storm magnitude. This asymptotic piezometric pattern persisted through the largest storm measured during the study. Faster soil drainage suppressed pressure head response in larger storms with important process implications for pore pressure development and landslide hazard modelling. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Dhakal, Amod S.; Sullivan, Kate] Humboldt Redwood Co, Scotia, CA 95565 USA. [Dhakal, Amod S.] San Francisco Publ Util Commiss, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. [Sullivan, Kate] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Dhakal, AS (reprint author), San Francisco Publ Util Commiss, 525 Golden Gate Ave, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. EM dhakalamod@gmail.com FU National Council for Air and Soil Improvement (NCASI) FX The study reported in this paper was conducted and completed when the authors were at the Scotia Pacific Company (now Humboldt Redwood Company), Scotia, California. Field and laboratory support was provided by Rich Rossen, Mike Medlin, Tessa Wilburn, Eric Mann, Brian Burkhead, Rebecca Flores, Rachel Hernandez, and Melisa Kreye. Field surveys were performed by Ryan Messinger, Maureen Teubert, Todd Bartleson, and Todd Flackus. Pepe Garcinuno provided assistance with GIS analysis, and Kristine Baker assisted in data processing. Dr Bill Bigg of Humboldt State University provided support in the vegetation canopy survey. The National Council for Air and Soil Improvement (NCASI) provided partial financial support for the project. The authors are grateful to Drs Walt Megahan and R. D. (Dan) Moore for their valuable comments in the initial draft manuscript. An in-depth review of the final draft manuscript by Dr Roy C. Sidle is highly appreciated. NR 87 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JAN 30 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 446 EP 463 DI 10.1002/hyp.9542 PG 18 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 284WN UT WOS:000329352400004 ER PT J AU Chiang, LC Yuan, YP Mehaffey, M Jackson, M Chaubey, I AF Chiang, Li-Chi Yuan, Yongping Mehaffey, Megan Jackson, Michael Chaubey, Indrajeet TI Assessing SWAT's performance in the Kaskaskia River watershed as influenced by the number of calibration stations used SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE Future Midwestern Landscapes study; SWAT; single-site calibration; multi-site calibration; model validation ID LAND-USE; MULTISITE CALIBRATION; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; MODEL CALIBRATION; ASSESSMENT-TOOL; QUALITY; BASIN; VALIDATION; PHOSPHORUS; STREAMFLOW AB The Future Midwestern Landscapes (FML) project is part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Ecosystem Services Research Program. The goal of the FML project is to quantify changes in ecosystem services across the Midwestern region as a result of the growing demand for biofuels. Watershed models are an efficient way to quantify ecosystem services of water quality and quantity. By calibrating models, we can better capture watershed characteristics before they are applied to make predictions. The Kaskaskia River watershed in Illinois was selected to investigate the effectiveness of different calibration strategies (single-site and multi-site calibrations) for streamflow, total suspended sediment (TSS) and total nitrogen (TN) loadings using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool. Four USGS gauges were evaluated in this study. Single-site calibration was performed from a downstream site to an upstream site, and multi-site calibration was performed and fine-tuned based on the single-site calibration results. Generally, simulated streamflow and TSS were not much affected by different calibration strategies. However, when single-site calibration was performed at the most downstream site, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values for TN ranged between -0.09 and 0.53 at the other sites; and when single-site calibration was performed at the most upstream site, the NSE values ranged between -8.38 and -0.07 for the other sites. The NSE values for TN were improved to 0.5 - 0.59 for all four sites when multi-site calibration was performed. The results of the multi-site calibration and validation showed an improvement on model performance on TN and highlighted that multi-site calibrations are needed to assess the hydrological and water quality processes at various spatial scales. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Chiang, Li-Chi; Yuan, Yongping; Mehaffey, Megan; Jackson, Michael] US EPA, NERL, Landscape Ecol Branch, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Chaubey, Indrajeet] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Div Environm & Ecol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chaubey, Indrajeet] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Div Environm & Ecol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Yuan, YP (reprint author), US EPA, NERL, Landscape Ecol Branch, Div Environm Sci, 944 East Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM yuan.yongping@epa.gov NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JAN 30 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 676 EP 687 DI 10.1002/hyp.9589 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 284WN UT WOS:000329352400023 ER PT J AU Yuan, YP Nie, WM McCutcheon, SC Taguas, EV AF Yuan, Yongping Nie, Wenming McCutcheon, Steven C. Taguas, Encarnacion V. TI Initial abstraction and curve numbers for semiarid watersheds in Southeastern Arizona SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE curve number; runoff; initial abstraction ratio; maximum potential retention; semiarid watershed ID RUNOFF; CALIBRATION; AREA; SOIL AB The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number (CN) estimates of direct runoff from rainfall for semiarid catchments can be inaccurate. Investigation of the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) (Southeastern Arizona) and its ten nested catchments determined that the inaccuracy is due to the original SCS ratio () of 0.2 between initial abstraction and maximum potential retention. Sensitivity analyses indicate that runoff estimation can be very sensitive to the initial abstraction ratio, especially for relatively low rainfall amount and for watersheds covered by deep, coarse, and porous soil, conditions that dominate many semiarid watersheds worldwide. Changing the ratio of initial abstraction to the maximum potential retention to optimal values ranging from 0.01 to 0.53 for different Walnut Gulch catchments improved runoff estimates. The greater the channel area and the finer the soil, the smaller the initial abstraction ratio is. The variation of the initial abstraction ratio for the WGEW is due to the variation of maximum potential retention and initial abstraction, which are channel area and soil-dependent parameters. The greater the channel area, the higher the maximum potential retention S is, and the coarser the soil, the larger the initial abstraction I-a is. In addition, the effect of initial abstraction ratio on runoff estimation increases with decreasing CN. Thus, impacts of initial abstraction ratio on runoff estimation should be considered, especially for semiarid watersheds where the CN is usually low. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Yuan, Yongping; Nie, Wenming] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [McCutcheon, Steven C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Taguas, Encarnacion V.] Univ Cordoba, Dept Rural Engn, E-14080 Cordoba, Spain. RP Yuan, YP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Div Environm Sci, 944 East Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM yuan.yongping@epa.gov NR 32 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JAN 30 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 774 EP 783 DI 10.1002/hyp.9592 PG 10 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 284WN UT WOS:000329352400031 ER PT J AU Gray, SC Edwards, SE Schultz, BD Miranda, ML AF Gray, Simone C. Edwards, Sharon E. Schultz, Bradley D. Miranda, Marie Lynn TI Assessing the impact of race, social factors and air pollution on birth outcomes: a population-based study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Air pollution; Exposure predictions; Pregnancy outcomes; Socioeconomic status ID PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PARTICULATE MATTER; MATERNAL EDUCATION; WEIGHT; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; MASSACHUSETTS; DISPARITIES; OZONE AB Background: Both air pollution exposure and socioeconomic status (SES) are important indicators of children's health. Using highly resolved modeled predictive surfaces, we examine the joint effects of air pollution exposure and measures of SES in a population level analysis of pregnancy outcomes in North Carolina (NC). Methods: Daily measurements of particulate matter <2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and ozone (O-3) were calculated through a spatial hierarchical Bayesian model which produces census-tract level point predictions. Using multilevel models and NC birth data from 2002-2006, we examine the association between pregnancy averaged PM2.5 and O-3, individual and area-based SES indicators, and birth outcomes. Results: Maternal race and education, and neighborhood household income were associated with adverse birth outcomes. Predicted concentrations of PM2.5 and O-3 were also associated with an additional effect on reductions in birth weight and increased risks of being born low birth weight and small for gestational age. Conclusions: This paper builds on and complements previous work on the relationship between pregnancy outcomes and air pollution exposure by using 1) highly resolved air pollution exposure data; 2) a five year population level sample of pregnancies; and 3) including personal and areal level measures of social determinants of pregnancy outcomes. Results show a stable and negative association between air pollution exposure and adverse birth outcomes. Additionally, the more socially disadvantaged populations are at a greater risk; controlling for both SES and environmental stressors provides a better understanding of the contributing factors to poor children's health outcomes. C1 [Gray, Simone C.; Schultz, Bradley D.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Edwards, Sharon E.; Miranda, Marie Lynn] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Childrens Environm Hlth Initiat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Miranda, Marie Lynn] Univ Michigan, Dept Pediat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Gray, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM simonegray@cdc.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency [RD-83329301-0] FX Marie Lynn Miranda and Sharon Edwards were supported by funding from the US Environmental Protection Agency (RD-83329301-0). NR 48 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 5 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD JAN 29 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 4 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-13-4 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AF2JY UT WOS:000334539600001 PM 24476365 ER PT J AU Shon, HK Nghiem, LD Kim, S Chiemchaisri, C Aravinthan, V Virkutyte, J Shu, L Jegatheesan, V AF Shon, Ho Kyong Long Duc Nghiem Kim, Suhan Chiemchaisri, Chart Aravinthan, Vasantha Virkutyte, Jurate Shu, Li Jegatheesan, Veeriah TI Special issue on the Challenges in Environmental Science and Engineering-CESE-2012 SO DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Shon, Ho Kyong] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Long Duc Nghiem] Univ Wollongong, Sch Civil Min & Environm Engn, Wollongong, NSW, Australia. [Kim, Suhan] Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Pusan, South Korea. [Chiemchaisri, Chart] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Bangkok, Thailand. [Aravinthan, Vasantha] Univ So Queensland, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Virkutyte, Jurate] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Shu, Li; Jegatheesan, Veeriah] Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia. RP Shon, HK (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. RI Nghiem, Long/E-4847-2011; OI Nghiem, Long/0000-0002-9039-5792; Shon, Ho Kyong/0000-0002-3777-7169 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1944-3994 EI 1944-3986 J9 DESALIN WATER TREAT JI Desalin. Water Treat. PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 52 IS 4-6 BP 555 EP 555 DI 10.1080/19443994.2013.827294 PG 1 WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA AA3ZD UT WOS:000331032800001 ER PT J AU Seo, K Rainer, PP Hahn, VS Lee, DI Jo, SH Andersen, A Liu, T Xu, XP Willette, RN Lepore, JJ Marino, JP Birnbaumer, L Schnackenberg, CG Kass, DA AF Seo, Kinya Rainer, Peter P. Hahn, Virginia Shalkey Lee, Dong-ik Jo, Su-Hyun Andersen, Asger Liu, Ting Xu, Xiaoping Willette, Robert N. Lepore, John J. Marino, Joseph P., Jr. Birnbaumer, Lutz Schnackenberg, Christine G. Kass, David A. TI Combined TRPC3 and TRPC6 blockade by selective small-molecule or genetic deletion inhibits pathological cardiac hypertrophy SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE ion channels; calcium; nuclear factor of activated T cells; myocardial; Gq-coupled protein receptors ID CA2+ CHANNELS; CONTRIBUTES; ACTIVATION; HEART; IDENTIFICATION; MECHANISM; CALCIUM; FAILURE; INFLUX; ENTRY AB Chronic neurohormonal and mechanical stresses are central features of heart disease. Increasing evidence supports a role for the transient receptor potential canonical channels TRPC3 and TRPC6 in this pathophysiology. Channel expression for both is normally very low but is increased by cardiac disease, and genetic gain-or loss-of-function studies support contributions to hypertrophy and dysfunction. Selective small-molecule inhibitors remain scarce, and none target both channels, which may be useful given the high homology among them and evidence of redundant signaling. Here we tested selective TRPC3/6 antagonists (GSK2332255B and GSK2833503A; IC50, 3-21 nM against TRPC3 and TRPC6) and found dose-dependent blockade of cell hypertrophy signaling triggered by angiotensin II or endothelin-1 in HEK293T cells aswell as in neonatal and adult cardiac myocytes. In vivo efficacy in mice and rats was greatly limited by rapid metabolism and high protein binding, although antifibrotic effects with pressure overload were observed. Intriguingly, although gene deletion of TRPC3 or TRPC6 alone did not protect against hypertrophy or dysfunction from pressure overload, combined deletion was protective, supporting the value of dual inhibition. Further development of this pharmaceutical class may yield a useful therapeutic agent for heart disease management. C1 [Seo, Kinya; Rainer, Peter P.; Hahn, Virginia Shalkey; Lee, Dong-ik; Jo, Su-Hyun; Liu, Ting; Kass, David A.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Rainer, Peter P.] Med Univ Graz, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, A-8036 Graz, Austria. [Jo, Su-Hyun] Kangwon Natl Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. [Andersen, Asger] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark. [Xu, Xiaoping; Willette, Robert N.; Lepore, John J.; Marino, Joseph P., Jr.; Schnackenberg, Christine G.] GlaxoSmithKline Heart Failure Discovery Performan, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA. [Birnbaumer, Lutz] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kass, DA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dkass@jhmi.edu RI Rainer, Peter/M-2145-2016 OI Rainer, Peter/0000-0002-2840-6454 FU GlaxoSmithKline; American Heart Association; Sarnoff Cardiovascular Research Foundation; Austrian Academy of Sciences; National Research Foundation of Korea [2011-0013171]; Danish Council for Independent Research [11-108410]; National Institutes of Health [Z01-ES-101864, HL089297, HL059408]; Muscular Dystrophy Association [186454]; Abraham and Virginia Weiss Professorship; Peter Belfer Endowment FX We thank Djahida Bedja (Johns Hopkins University) for technical assistance. This work was supported by a grant from GlaxoSmithKline. Additional funding was provided by an American Heart Association MidAtlantic Fellowship Grant (to K.S. and D.- i.L.), a Research Fellowship from the Sarnoff Cardiovascular Research Foundation (to V.S. H.), a Max Kade Fellowship from the Austrian Academy of Sciences (to P.P.R.), the National Research Foundation of Korea (Grant 2011-0013171, to S.- H.J.), the Danish Council for Independent Research (Grant 11-108410, to A.A.), the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (Project Z01-ES-101864, to L.B.), National Institutes of Health Grants HL089297 and HL059408, Muscular Dystrophy Association Grant 186454, an Abraham and Virginia Weiss Professorship, and the Peter Belfer Endowment (D.A.K.). NR 37 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 15 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 28 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 4 BP 1551 EP 1556 DI 10.1073/pnas.1308963111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297BV UT WOS:000330231100075 PM 24453217 ER PT J AU Calhoun, KC Padilla-Banks, E Jefferson, WN Liu, LW Gerrish, KE Young, SL Wood, CE Hunt, PA VandeVoort, CA Williams, CJ AF Calhoun, Kathryn C. Padilla-Banks, Elizabeth Jefferson, Wendy N. Liu, Liwen Gerrish, Kevin E. Young, Steven L. Wood, Charles E. Hunt, Patricia A. VandeVoort, Catherine A. Williams, Carmen J. TI Bisphenol A Exposure Alters Developmental Gene Expression in the Fetal Rhesus Macaque Uterus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FOOT-GENITAL SYNDROME; WIDESPREAD EXPOSURE; MACACA-FASCICULARIS; REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; MAMMARY-GLAND; MONKEY; MOUSE; MUTATION; ADULT; WNT4 AB Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure results in numerous developmental and functional abnormalities in reproductive organs in rodent models, but limited data are available regarding BPA effects in the primate uterus. To determine if maternal oral BPA exposure affects fetal uterine development in a non-human primate model, pregnant rhesus macaques carrying female fetuses were exposed orally to 400 mu g/kg BPA or vehicle control daily from gestation day (GD) 50-100 or GD100-165. Fetal uteri were collected at the completion of treatment (GD100 or GD165); tissue histology, cell proliferation, and expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) and progesterone receptor (PR) were compared to that of controls. Gene expression analysis was conducted using rhesus macaque microarrays. There were no significant differences in histology or in the percentage of cells expressing the proliferation marker Ki-67, ER alpha, or PR in BPA-exposed uteri compared to controls at GD100 or GD165. Minimal differences in gene expression were observed between BPA-exposed and control GD100 uteri. However, at GD165, BPA-exposed uteri had significant differences in gene expression compared to controls. Several of the altered genes, including HOXA13, WNT4, and WNT5A, are critical for reproductive organ development and/or adult function. We conclude that second or third trimester BPA exposure does not significantly affect fetal uterus development based on morphological, proliferation, and steroid hormone receptor assessments. However, differences in expression of key developmental genes after third trimester exposure suggest that BPA could alter transcriptional signals influencing uterine function later in life. C1 [Calhoun, Kathryn C.; Padilla-Banks, Elizabeth; Jefferson, Wendy N.; Williams, Carmen J.] NIEHS, Reprod Med Grp, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Calhoun, Kathryn C.; Young, Steven L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Liu, Liwen; Gerrish, Kevin E.] NIEHS, Microarray Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wood, Charles E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hunt, Patricia A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [VandeVoort, Catherine A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [VandeVoort, Catherine A.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Williams, CJ (reprint author), NIEHS, Reprod Med Grp, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM williamsc5@niehs.nih.gov RI Williams, Carmen/E-2170-2013 OI Williams, Carmen/0000-0001-6440-7086 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [ES102405, ES016770, ES013527]; National Center for Research Resources, Office of the Director to the California National Primate Research Center [RR000169/OD011107] FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [ES102405 to C.J.W.], National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (http://www.niehs.nih.gov/) [ES016770 to C. A. V. and P. A. H. and ES013527 to P. A. H.], and the National Center for Research Resources (http://www.nih.gov/about/almanac/organization/NCRR.htm), Office of the Director to the California National Primate Research Center [RR000169/OD011107]. This manuscript was approved for publication by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory of the Environmental Protection Agency but does not necessarily represent the opinions or policy of the agency. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e85894 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0085894 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297XI UT WOS:000330288000031 PM 24465770 ER PT J AU Phillips, RM Dailey, LA Bair, E Samet, JM Allbritton, NL AF Phillips, Ryan M. Dailey, Lisa A. Bair, Eric Samet, James M. Allbritton, Nancy L. TI Ex Vivo Chemical Cytometric Analysis of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity in Single Human Airway Epithelial Cells SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; IN-VITRO; METABOLISM; ACTIVATION; EXPOSURE; RELEASE; NEURONS AB We describe a novel method for the measurement of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activity in single human airway epithelial cells (hAECs) using capillary electrophoresis. This technique involved the microinjection of a fluorescent phosphopeptide that is hydrolyzed specifically by PTPs. Analyses in BEAS-2B immortalized bronchial epithelial cells showed rapid PTP-mediated dephosphorylation of the substrate (2.2 pmol min(-1) mg(-1)) that was blocked by pretreatment of the cells with the PTP inhibitors pervanadate, Zn2+, and 1,2-naphthoquinone (76%, 69%, and 100% inhibition relative to PTP activity in untreated controls, respectively). These studies were then extended to a more physiologically relevant model system: primary hAECs cultured from bronchial brushings of living human subjects. In primary hAECs, dephosphorylation of the substrate occurred at a rate of 2.2 pmol min(-1) mg(-1) and was also effectively inhibited by preincubation of the cells with the inhibitors pervanadate, Zn2+, and 1,2-naphthoquinone (91%, 88%, and 87% median PTP inhibition, respectively). Reporter proteolysis in single BEAS-2B cells occurred at a median rate of 43 fmol min(-1) mg(-1) resulting in a mean half-life of 20 min. The reporter displayed a similar median half-life of 28 mm in these single primary cells. Finally, single viable epithelial cells (which were assayed for PTP activity immediately after collection by bronchial brushing of a human volunteer) showed dephosphorylation rates ranging from 0.34 to 36 pmol min(-1) mg(-1) (n = 6). These results demonstrate the utility and applicability of this technique for the ex vivo quantification of PTP activity in small, heterogeneous, human cells and tissues. C1 [Phillips, Ryan M.; Allbritton, Nancy L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Dailey, Lisa A.; Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bair, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Bair, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Dept Endodont, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Allbritton, Nancy L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Allbritton, Nancy L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Allbritton, Nancy L.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Allbritton, NL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM nlallbri@unc.edu OI Bair, Eric/0000-0001-8733-7869 FU NIH [R01CA139599, T32GM008719, 5F30ES019829] FX R.M.P. wishes to thank Michelle Kovarik, Ph.D., Angela Proctor, Ph.D., and Pavak Shah for valuable discussion and technical assistance. This work was funded by the NIH (R01CA139599, T32GM008719, and 5F30ES019829). The research described in this Article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, and approved for publication. The contents of this Article should not be construed to represent Agency policy nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 86 IS 2 BP 1291 EP 1297 DI 10.1021/ac403705c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 296SA UT WOS:000330204500045 PM 24380370 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, I Duch, MC Mansukhani, ND Hersam, MC Bouchard, D AF Chowdhury, Indranil Duch, Matthew C. Mansukhani, Nikhita D. Hersam, Mark C. Bouchard, Dermont TI Deposition and Release of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; QCM-D; SOLUTION CHEMISTRY; GRAPHITE OXIDE; BIOMOLECULAR ADSORPTION; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; CELL-ADHESION; WATER; KINETICS AB Interactions of graphene oxide (GO) with silica surfaces were investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Both GO deposition and release were monitored on silica- and poly-L-lysine (PLL) coated surfaces as a function of GO concentration and in NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 as a function of ionic strength (IS). Under favorable conditions (PLL-coated positive surface), GO deposition rates increased with GO concentration, as expected from colloidal theory. Increased NaCl concentration resulted GO in a greater deposition attachment efficiency. of GO on the silica surface, indicating that deposition of GO follows Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory; GO deposition rates decreased at high IS, however, due to large aggregate formation. GO critical deposition concentration (CDC) on the silica surface is determined to be 40 mM NaCl which is higher than the reported CDC values of fullerenes and lower than carbon nanotubes. A similar trend is observed for MgCl2 which has a CDC value of 1.2 mM MgCl2. Only a minimal amount of GO (frequency shift < 2 Hz) was deposited on the silica surface in CaCl2 due to the bridging ability of Ca2+ ions with GO functional groups. Significant GO release from silica surface was observed after adding deionized water, indicating that GO deposition is reversible. The release rates. of GO were at least 10-fold higher than the deposition rates under similar conditions indicating potential high release and mobility of GO in the environment. Under favorable conditions, a significant amount of GO was released which indicates potential multilayer GO deposition. However, a negligible amount of deposited GO was released in CaCl2 under favorable conditions due to the binding of GO layers with Ca2+ ions. Release of GO was significantly dependent on salt type with an overall trend of NaCl > MgCl2 > CaCl2. C1 [Chowdhury, Indranil] Natl Res Council Res Associate, Athens, GA USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Evanston, IL USA. [Chowdhury, Indranil; Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bouchard, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Bouchard.Dermont@epa.gov RI Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009; Mansukhani, Nikhita/H-2328-2016 OI Mansukhani, Nikhita/0000-0001-6002-0132 FU National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at EPA; University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (NSF-EPA) [DB1-0830117] FX Funding was provided for I.C. by a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at EPA. Additional funding was provided by the University of California Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (NSF-EPA under Cooperative Agreement No. DB1-0830117). This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the USEPA's peer and administrative review policies and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 51 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 19 U2 138 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 2 BP 961 EP 969 DI 10.1021/es403247k PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 296SF UT WOS:000330205000017 PM 24345218 ER PT J AU Upadhyayula, VKK Meyer, DE Curran, MA Gonzalez, MA AF Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K. Meyer, David E. Curran, Mary Ann Gonzalez, Michael A. TI Evaluating the Environmental Impacts of a Nano-Enhanced Field Emission Display Using Life Cycle Assessment: A Screening-Level Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; FLUIDIZED-BED; TOXICITY; ECOTOXICITY; NANOPARTICLES; RELEASE; SILVER; TIO2; FABRICATION; CATALYSTS AB Carbon nanotube (CNT) field emission displays (FEDs) are currently in the product development stage and are expected to be commercialized in the near future because they offer image quality and viewing angles comparable to a cathode ray tube (CRT) while using a thinner structure, similar to a liquid crystal display (LCD), and enable more efficient power consumption during use. To address concerns regarding the environmental performance of CNT-FEDs, a screening-level, cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted based on a functional unit of 10 000 viewing hours, the viewing lifespan of a CNT-FED. Contribution analysis suggests the impacts for material acquisition and manufacturing are greater, than the combined impacts for use and end-of-life. A scenario analysis of the CNT paste composition identifies the metal components used in the paste are key contributors to the impacts of the upstream stages due to the impacts associated with metal preparation. Further improvement of the manufacturing impacts is possible by considering the use of plant-based oils, such as rapeseed oil, as alternatives to organic solvents for dispersion of CNTs. Given the differences in viewing lifespan, the impacts of the CNT-FED were compared with a LCD and a CRT display to provide more insight on how to improve the CNT-FED to make it a viable product alternative. When compared with CRT technology, CNT-FEDs show better environmental performance, whereas a comparison with LCD technology indicates the environmental impacts are roughly the same. Based on the results, the enhanced viewing capabilities of CNT-FEDs. will be a more viable display option if manufacturers can increase the product's expected viewing lifespan. C1 [Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Meyer, David E.; Curran, Mary Ann; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Syst Anal Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Meyer, DE (reprint author), US EPA, Syst Anal Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Meyer.David@epa.gov OI Curran, Mary Ann/0000-0001-8565-9928 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described here. It has not been subjected to full Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. This research was supported in part by an appointment of Dr. Venkata K.K. Upadhyayula in the Postdoctoral Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through Interagency Agreement No. DW 89- 92298301-0 between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 2 BP 1194 EP 1205 DI 10.1021/es4034638 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 296SF UT WOS:000330205000044 PM 24328392 ER PT J AU Meng, QY Richmond-Bryant, J Davis, JA Cohen, J Svendsgaard, D Brown, JS Tutte, L Hubbard, H Rice, J Vinikoor-Imler, L Sacks, JD Kirrane, E Kotchmar, D Hines, E Ross, M AF Meng, Qingyu Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer Davis, J. Allen Cohen, Jonathan Svendsgaard, David Brown, James S. Tutte, Lauren Hubbard, Heidi Rice, Joann Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa Sacks, Jason D. Kirrane, Ellen Kotchmar, Dennis Hines, Erin Ross, Mary TI Contribution of Particle-Size-Fractionated Airborne Lead to Blood Lead during the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2008 SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AIR LEAD; CHILDREN; RESUSPENSION; CHICAGO; DUST; SOIL AB The objective of this work is to examine associations between blood lead (PbB) and air lead (PbA) in particulate matter measured at different size cuts by use of PbB concentrations from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and PbA concentrations from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for 1999-2008. Three size fractions of particle-bound PbA (TSP, PM10, and PM2.5) data with different averaging times (current and past 90-day average) were utilized. A multilevel linear mixed effect model was used to characterize the PbB-PbA relationship. At 0.15 mu g/m(3), a unit decrease in PbA in PM10 was significantly associated with a decrease in PbB of 0.3-2.2 mu g/dL across age groups and averaging times. For PbA in PM2.5 and TSP, slopes were generally positive but not significant. PbB levels were more sensitive to the change in PbA concentrations for children.(1-5 and 6-11 years) and older adults (>= 60 years) than teenagers (12-19 years). and adults (20-59 years). For the years following the phase-out of Pb in gasoline and a resulting upward shift in the PbA particle size distribution, PbA in PM10 was a statistically significant predictor of PbB. The results also suggest that age could affect the PbB-PbA association, with children having higher sensitivity than adults. C1 [Meng, Qingyu] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer; Davis, J. Allen; Svendsgaard, David; Brown, James S.; Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa; Sacks, Jason D.; Kirrane, Ellen; Kotchmar, Dennis; Hines, Erin; Ross, Mary] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cohen, Jonathan; Hubbard, Heidi] ICF Int, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. [Tutte, Lauren] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Architecture, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Rice, Joann] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Richmond-Bryant, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 109 T W Alexander Dr,B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Richmond-Bryant.Jennifer@epamail.epa.gov OI Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 2 BP 1263 EP 1270 DI 10.1021/es4039825 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 296SF UT WOS:000330205000052 PM 24345211 ER PT J AU Chowdhury, I Duch, MC Mansukhani, ND Hersam, MC Bouchard, D AF Chowdhury, Indranil Duch, Matthew C. Mansukhani, Nikhita D. Hersam, Mark C. Bouchard, Dermont TI Response to Comment on "Colloidal Properties and Stability of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials in the Aquatic Environment" SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Chowdhury, Indranil] Natl Res Council Res Associate, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Duch, Matthew C.; Mansukhani, Nikhita D.; Hersam, Mark C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Chowdhury, Indranil; Bouchard, Dermont] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Bouchard, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Bouchard.Dermont@epa.gov RI Hersam, Mark/B-6739-2009; Mansukhani, Nikhita/H-2328-2016 OI Mansukhani, Nikhita/0000-0001-6002-0132 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 21 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 2 BP 1360 EP 1360 DI 10.1021/es405531h PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 296SF UT WOS:000330205000064 PM 24380579 ER PT J AU Roy, AH Rhea, LK Mayer, AL Shuster, WD Beaulieu, JJ Hopton, ME Morrison, MA St Amand, A AF Roy, Allison H. Rhea, Lee K. Mayer, Audrey L. Shuster, William D. Beaulieu, Jake J. Hopton, Matthew E. Morrison, Matthew A. St Amand, Ann TI How Much Is Enough? Minimal Responses of Water Quality and Stream Biota to Partial Retrofit Stormwater Management in a Suburban Neighborhood SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMPACT DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; NORTH-CAROLINA; UNITED-STATES; RESTORATION; SCALE; SYSTEMS AB Decentralized stormwater management approaches (e. g., biofiltration swales, pervious pavement, green roofs, rain gardens) that capture, detain, infiltrate, and filter runoff are now commonly used to minimize the impacts of stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces on aquatic ecosystems. However, there is little research on the effectiveness of retrofit, parcel-scale stormwater management practices for improving downstream aquatic ecosystem health. A reverse auction was used to encourage homeowners to mitigate stormwater on their property within the suburban, 1.8 km(2) Shepherd Creek catchment in Cincinnati, Ohio (USA). In 2007-2008, 165 rain barrels and 81 rain gardens were installed on 30% of the properties in four experimental (treatment) subcatchments, and two additional subcatchments were maintained as controls. At the base of the subcatchments, we sampled monthly baseflow water quality, and seasonal (5x/year) physical habitat, periphyton assemblages, and macroinvertebrate assemblages in the streams for the three years before and after treatment implementation. Given the minor reductions in directly connected impervious area from the rain barrel installations (11.6% to 10.4% in the most impaired subcatchment) and high total impervious levels (13.1% to 19.9% in experimental subcatchments), we expected minor or no responses of water quality and biota to stormwater management. There were trends of increased conductivity, iron, and sulfate for control sites, but no such contemporaneous trends for experimental sites. The minor effects of treatment on streamflow volume and water quality did not translate into changes in biotic health, and the few periphyton and macroinvertebrate responses could be explained by factors not associated with the treatment (e.g., vegetation clearing, drought conditions). Improvement of overall stream health is unlikely without additional treatment of major impervious surfaces (including roads, apartment buildings, and parking lots). Further research is needed to define the minimum effect threshold and restoration trajectories for retrofitting catchments to improve the health of stream ecosystems. C1 [Roy, Allison H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Rhea, Lee K.; Shuster, William D.; Beaulieu, Jake J.; Hopton, Matthew E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Mayer, Audrey L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Mayer, Audrey L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Social Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Morrison, Matthew A.] SABIC, Mt Vernon, IN USA. [St Amand, Ann] PhycoTech Inc, St Joseph, MI USA. RP Roy, AH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM aroy@eco.umass.edu OI Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) through the Office of Research and Development (ORD); Pegasus Technical Services, Inc. under EPA [EP-C-05-056]; USEPA's ORD under the Scientific, Technical, Research, Engineering and Modeling Support (STREAMS) [EP-C-05-061]; USEPA's ORD through simplified acquisitions [3C-R312-TTSA, EP10C000111, EP05C00134]; Rhithron Associates, Inc. [EP07C000170, EP10C000110] FX The project was largely funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) through the Office of Research and Development (ORD). Field sampling was conducted by USEPA employees and volunteers and supported in part by Pegasus Technical Services, Inc. under EPA Contract # EP-C-05-056. The auction, installation, and maintenance of rain gardens and rain barrels was funded by the USEPA's ORD under the Scientific, Technical, Research, Engineering and Modeling Support (STREAMS) contract EP-C-05-061, Task Order 8 to TetraTech, Inc. Biotic identification was funded by the USEPA's ORD through simplified acquisitions to PhycoTech, Inc. in 2003-2004 (3C-R312-TTSA) and 2007-2010 (EP10C000111), to EnviroScience, Inc. in 2005-06 (EP05C00134), and Rhithron Associates, Inc. in 2007-2010 (EP07C000170 and EP10C000110). As such, the funders had a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 71 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 88 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 17 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 AR e85011 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0085011 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 297EA UT WOS:000330237000020 PM 24465468 ER PT J AU Brantley, HL Hagler, GSW Deshmukh, PJ Baldauf, RW AF Brantley, Halley L. Hagler, Gayle S. W. Deshmukh, Parikshit J. Baldauf, Richard W. TI Field assessment of the effects of roadside vegetation on near-road black carbon and particulate matter SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Vegetation; Air quality; Near-road; Black carbon; Particulate matter; Mobile monitoring ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; NOISE BARRIERS; AIR-QUALITY; DISPERSION; IMPACT; FLOW AB One proposed method for reducing exposure to mobile source air pollution is the construction or preservation of vegetation barriers between major roads and nearby populations. This study combined stationary and mobile monitoring approaches to determine the effects of an existing, mixed-species tree stand on near-road black carbon (BC) and particulate matter concentrations. Results indicated that wind direction and time of day significantly affected pollutant concentrations behind the tree stand. Continuous sampling revealed reductions in BC behind the barrier, relative to a clearing, during downwind (12.4% lower) and parallel (7.8% lower) wind conditions, with maximum reductions of 22% during the late afternoon when winds were from the road. Particle counts in the fine and coarse particle size range (0.5-10 mu m aerodynamic diameter) did not show change. Mobile sampling revealed BC concentration attenuation, a result of the natural dilution and mixing that occur with transport from the road, was more gradual behind the vegetation barrier than in unobstructed areas. These findings suggest that a mature tree stand can modestly improve traffic-related air pollution in areas located adjacent to the road; however, the configuration of the tree stand can influence the likelihood and extent of pollutant reductions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Brantley, Halley L.; Hagler, Gayle S. W.; Baldauf, Richard W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Deshmukh, Parikshit J.] ARCADIS US Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Baldauf, Richard W.] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Baldauf, RW (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Baldauf.Richard@epa.gov FU [EP-C-09-027] FX This research would not have been possible without the careful field measurements conducted by ARCADIS-US employees Michael Derlicki and Robert Sharpe, performed under contract EP-C-09-027. The authors are also grateful for the research support provided by a number of EPA staff in the Office of Research and Development, particularly Sue Kimbrough, Richard Shores, Bill Mitchell, and Robert Wright and to Stuart Batterman at the University of Michigan for assistance in obtaining traffic data. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 9 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 468 BP 120 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.001 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QW UT WOS:000331776000015 PM 24008075 ER PT J AU Wilkin, RT Acree, SD Ross, RR Puls, RW Lee, TR Woods, LL AF Wilkin, Richard T. Acree, Steven D. Ross, Randall R. Puls, Robert W. Lee, Tony R. Woods, Leilani L. TI Fifteen-year assessment of a permeable reactive barrier for treatment of chromate and trichloroethylene in groundwater SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Permeable reactive barrier; Granular iron; Long-term performance; Chromium; Trichloroethylene; Groundwater remediation ID LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE; ZERO-VALENT IRON; GRANULAR IRON; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; REMEDIATION; REDUCTION; PRODUCTS; ETHYLENE; WELLS AB The fifteen-year performance of a granular iron, permeable reactive barrier (PRB; Elizabeth City, North Carolina) is reviewed with respect to contaminant treatment (hexavalent chromium and trichloroethylene) and hydraulic performance. Due to in-situ treatment of the chromium source zone, reactive and hydraulic longevity of the PRB has outlived the mobile chromate plume. Chromium concentrations exceeding 3 mu g/L have not been detected in regions located hydraulically down-gradient of the PRB. Trichloroethylene treatment has also been effective, although non-constant influent concentrations of trichloroethylene have at times resulted in incomplete dechlorination. Daughter products: cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, ethene, and ethane have been observed within and down-gradient of the PRB at levels <10% of the influent trichloroethylene. Analysis of potentiometric surfaces up-gradient and across the PRB suggests that the PRB may currently represent a zone of reduced hydraulic conductivity; however, measurements of the in-situ hydraulic conductivity provide values in excess of 200 m/d in some intervals and indicate no discernible loss of bulk hydraulic conductivity within the PRB. The results presented here are particularly significant because they provide the longest available record of performance of a PRB. The longevity of the Elizabeth City PRB is principally the result of favorable groundwater geochemistry and hydrologic properties of the site. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wilkin, Richard T.; Acree, Steven D.; Ross, Randall R.; Lee, Tony R.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Puls, Robert W.] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Water Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Woods, Leilani L.] US Coast Guard Base Elizabeth City, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA. RP Wilkin, RT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM wilkin.rick@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Shaw Environmental, Inc. [68-C-03-097] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded the research described here. It has not been subjected to agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We gratefully acknowledge the research support provided by Shaw Environmental, Inc. (Contract #68-C-03-097). We thank Cindy Paul, Mary McNeil, Chunming Su, Cherri Adair, John Skender, Ken Jewell, Kyle Jones, and Alexandra Kirkpatrick for help in the field. NR 32 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 468 BP 186 EP 194 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.056 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QW UT WOS:000331776000022 PM 24021639 ER PT J AU Short, MD Daikeler, A Peters, GM Mann, K Ashbolt, NJ Stuetz, RM Peirson, WL AF Short, Michael D. Daikeler, Alexander Peters, Gregory M. Mann, Kirsten Ashbolt, Nicholas J. Stuetz, Richard M. Peirson, William L. TI Municipal gravity sewers: An unrecognised source of nitrous oxide SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Gravity sewer networks; Greenhouse gas emissions; Municipal wastewater; Nitrification-denitrification; Nitrous oxide; Urban water sector ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; DENITRIFYING BACTERIA; TREATMENT PLANTS; EMISSIONS; SYSTEMS; N2O; BIOFILMS; REMOVAL; METHANE; SECTOR AB Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a primary ozone-depleting substance and powerful greenhouse gas. N2O emissions from secondary-level wastewater treatment processes are relatively well understood as a result of intensive international research effort in recent times, yet little information exists to date on the role of sewers in wastewater management chain N2O dynamics. Here we provide the first detailed assessment of N2O levels in the untreated influent (i.e. sewer network effluent) of three large Australian metropolitan wastewater treatment plants. Contrary to current international (IPCC) guidance, results show gravity sewers to be a likely source of N2O. Results from the monitoring program revealed hydraulic flow rate as a strong driver for N2O generation in gravity sewers, with microbial processes (nitrification and possibly denitrification) implicated as the main processes responsible for its production. Results were also used to develop a presumptive emission factor for N2O in the context of municipal gravity sewers. Considering the discrepancy with current IPCC Guidelines, further work is warranted to assess the scale and dynamics of N2O production in sewers elsewhere. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Short, Michael D.; Daikeler, Alexander; Peters, Gregory M.; Mann, Kirsten; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.; Stuetz, Richard M.; Peirson, William L.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Short, Michael D.] Univ S Australia, Sch Nat & Built Environments, SA Water Ctr Water Management & Reuse, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Daikeler, Alexander] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Div Water Chem & Water Technol, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Peters, Gregory M.] Chalmers, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab MD 593, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Short, MD (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM m.short@unsw.edu.au RI Peters, Gregory/J-5872-2015; OI Peters, Gregory/0000-0001-8319-168X; Short, Michael/0000-0003-2086-1855; Peirson, William/0000-0001-8775-5200 FU Australian Research Council [DP1095722] FX This work was funded by the Australian Research Council (project DP1095722). Staff from the MVPs and water authority are thanked for facilitating access during wastewater sampling and for their support during this research. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect official U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy. The mention of products or trade names does not constitute a recommendation for use. NR 69 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 468 BP 211 EP 218 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.051 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QW UT WOS:000331776000025 PM 24029693 ER PT J AU Melnyk, LJ Xue, JP Brown, GG McCombs, M Nishioka, M Michael, LC AF Melnyk, Lisa Jo Xue, Jianping Brown, G. Gordon McCombs, Michelle Nishioka, Marcia Michael, Larry C. TI Dietary intakes of pesticides based on community duplicate diet samples SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Community; Dietary intake; Pesticides; Collection technique ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; EXPOSURE; PYRETHROIDS; SEDIMENTS; HOMES AB The calculation of dietary intake of selected pesticides was accomplished using food samples collected from individual representatives of a defined demographic community using a community duplicate diet approach. A community of nine participants was identified in Apopka, FL from which intake assessments of organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides were made. From these nine participants, sixty-seven individual samples were collected and subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Measured concentrations were used to estimate dietary intakes for individuals and for the community. Individual intakes of total OP and pyrethroid pesticides ranged from 6.7 to 996 ng and 1.2 to 16,000 ng, respectively. The community intake was 256 ng for OPs and 3430 ng for pyrethroid pesticides. The most commonly detected pesticide was permethrin, but the highest overall intake was of bifenthrin followed by esfenvalerate. These data indicate that the community in Apopka, FL, as represented by the nine individuals, was potentially exposed to both OP and pyrethroid pesticides at levels consistent with a dietary model and other field studies in which standard duplicate diet samples were collected. Higher levels of pyrethroid pesticides were measured than OPs, which is consistent with decreased usage of OPs. The diversity of pyrethroid pesticides detected in food samples was greater than expected. Continually changing pesticide usage patterns need to be considered when determining analytes of interest for large scale epidemiology studies. The Community Duplicate Diet Methodology is a tool for researchers to meet emerging exposure measurement needs that will lead to more accurate assessments of intake which may enhance decisions for chemical regulation. Successfully determining the intake of pesticides through the dietary route will allow for accurate assessments of pesticide exposures to a community of individuals, thereby significantly enhancing the research benefit realized from epidemiological exposure studies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Melnyk, Lisa Jo] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Xue, Jianping] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Brown, G. Gordon; McCombs, Michelle; Michael, Larry C.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Nishioka, Marcia] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Melnyk, LJ (reprint author), US EPA, 26W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM melnyk.lisa@epa.gov; Xue.jianping@epa.gov; ggbrown@rti.org; mccombs@rti.org; nishiomg@hattelle.org; lcm@rti.org NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 468 BP 785 EP 790 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.101 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QW UT WOS:000331776000084 PM 24070872 ER PT J AU Datko-Williams, L Wilkie, A Richmond-Bryant, J AF Datko-Williams, Laura Wilkie, Adrien Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer TI Analysis of U.S. soil lead (Pb) studies from 1970 to 2012 SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil lead; Pb storage; United States; Urbanized area; Population density ID CHILDRENS BLOOD LEAD; HEAVY-METAL CONTAMINATION; NEW-ORLEANS; ENVIRONMENTAL LEAD; URBAN SOILS; HURRICANE-KATRINA; INNER-CITY; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; RESIDENTIAL SOILS; SURFACE SOILS AB Although lead (Pb) emissions to the air have substantially decreased in the United States since the phase-out of leaded gasoline by 1995, amounts of lead in some soils remain elevated. Lead concentrations in residential and recreational soils are of concern because health effects have been associated with Pb exposure. Elevated soil Pb is especially harmful to young children due to their higher likelihood of soil ingestion. The purpose of this study is to create a comprehensive compilation of U.S. soil Pb data published from 1970 through 2012 as well as to analyze the collected data to reveal spatial and/or temporal soil Pb trends in the U.S. over the past 40 years. A total of 84 soil Pb studies across 62 U.S. cities were evaluated. Median soil Pb values from the studies were analyzed with respect to year of sampling, residential location type (e.g., urban, suburban), and population density. In aggregate, there was no statistically significant correlation between year and median soil Pb; however, within single cities, soil Pb generally declined overtime. Our analysis shows that soil Pb quantities in city centers were generally highest and declined towards the suburbs and exurbs of the city. In addition, there was a statistically significant, positive relationship between median soil Pb and population density. In general, the trends examined here align with previously reported conclusions that soil Pb levels are higher in larger urban areas and Pb tends to remain in soil for long periods of time. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Datko-Williams, Laura; Wilkie, Adrien] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer] US EPA, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Datko-Williams, L (reprint author), US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mail Drop B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Datko-Williams.Laura@epa.gov NR 113 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 468 BP 854 EP 863 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.089 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QW UT WOS:000331776000091 PM 24076506 ER PT J AU Silva, T Pokhrel, LR Dubey, B Tolaymat, TM Maier, KJ Liu, XF AF Silva, Thilini Pokhrel, Lok R. Dubey, Brajesh Tolaymat, Thabet M. Maier, Kurt J. Liu, Xuefeng TI Particle size, surface charge and concentration dependent ecotoxicity of three organo-coated silver nanoparticles: Comparison between general linear model-predicted and observed toxicity SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Organo-coated silver nanoparticles; General linear model; Nanotoxicology; Nanoparticle characteristics; Escherichia coli; Daphnia magna ID BETA-GALACTOSIDASE GENE; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; BACTERIAL CYTOTOXICITY; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; NANOSILVER; IMPACT; NANOMATERIALS; AGGREGATION; DISSOLUTION; SUSPENSIONS AB Mechanism underlying nanotoxicity has remained elusive. Hence, efforts to understand whether nanoparticle properties might explain its toxicity are ongoing. Considering three different types of organo-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs): citrate-coated AgNP, polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated AgNP, and branched polyethyleneimine-coated AgNP, with different surface charge scenarios and core particle sizes, herein we systematically evaluate the potential role of particle size and surface charge on the toxicity of the three types of AgNPs against two model organisms, Escherichia coli and Daphnia magna. We find particle size, surface charge, and concentration dependent toxicity of all the three types of AgNPs against both the test organisms. Notably, Ag+ (as added AgNO3) toxicity is greater than each type of AgNPs tested and the toxicity follows the trend: AgNO3 > BPEI-AgNP > Citrate-AgNP > PVP-AgNP. Modeling particle properties using the general linear model (GLM), a significant interaction effect of primary particle size and surface charge emerges that can explain empirically-derived acute toxicity with great precision. The model explains 99.9% variation of toxicity in E. coli and 99.8% variation of toxicity in D. magna, revealing satisfactory predictability of the regression models developed to predict the toxicity of the three organo-coated AgNPs. We anticipate that the use of GLM to satisfactorily predict the toxicity based on nanoparticle physico-chemical characteristics could contribute to our understanding of nanotoxicology and underscores the need to consider potential interactions among nanoparticle properties when explaining nanotoxicity. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Silva, Thilini; Pokhrel, Lok R.; Maier, Kurt J.] E Tennessee State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. [Dubey, Brajesh] Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, Environm Engn Program, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Tolaymat, Thabet M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Liu, Xuefeng] E Tennessee State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. RP Dubey, B (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Sch Engn, Environm Engn Program, 50 Stone Rd East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM bdubey@uoguelph.ca RI Geracitano, Laura/E-6926-2013 FU East Tennessee State University (ETSU) Research Development Council [82064]; ETSU Office of Research and Sponsored Programs [83003] FX This study was supported in part by the East Tennessee State University (ETSU) Research Development Council Grant# 82064 and the ETSU Office of Research and Sponsored Programs Grant# 83003. The authors thank TEM Analysis Services Lab, TX for support with TEM characterization of NPs. This study has not been subjected to the US EPA internal review, and the opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect that of the associated institutions. Any mention of the trade names does not imply their endorsements or recommendations for use. NR 46 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 126 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 468 BP 968 EP 976 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.006 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB4QW UT WOS:000331776000101 PM 24091120 ER PT J AU Mbonimpa, EG Yuan, YP Nash, MS Mehaffey, MH AF Mbonimpa, Eric G. Yuan, Yongping Nash, Maliha S. Mehaffey, Megan H. TI Sediment and total phosphorous contributors in Rock River watershed SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Land use; PLS; Rock River watershed; TP; TSS ID LAND-USE; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; QUALITY; LANDSCAPE; QUANTITY; SWAT AB Total phosphorous (TP) and total suspended sediment (TSS) pollution is a problem in the US Midwest and is of particular concern in the Great Lakes region where many water bodies are already eutrophic. Increases in monoculture corn planting to feed ethanol based biofuel production could exacerbate these already stressed water bodies. In this study we expand on the previous studies relating landscape variables such as land cover, soil type and slope with changes in pollutant concentrations and loading in the Great Lakes region. The Rock River watershed in Wisconsin, USA was chosen due to its diverse land use, numerous lakes and reservoirs susceptible to TSS and TP pollution, and the availability of long-term streamflow, TSS and TP data. Eight independent subwatersheds in the Rock River watershed were identified using United States Geological Survey (USGS) monitoring sites that monitor flow, TSS and TP. For each subwatershed, we calculated land use, soil type, and terrain slope metrics or variables. TSS and TP from the different subwatersheds were compared using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and associations and relationships between landscape metrics and water quality (TSS and TP) were evaluated using the partial least square (PLS) regression. Results show that urban land use and agricultural land growing corn rotated with non-leguminous crops are associated with TSS and TP in streams. This indicates that increasing the amount of corn rotated with non-leguminous crops within a subwatershed could increase degradation of water quality. Results showed that increase in corn soybean rotation acreage within the watershed is associated with reduction in stream's TSS and TP. Results also show that forest and water bodies were associated with reduction in TSS and TP. Based on our results we recommend adoption of the Low Impact Development (LID) approach in urban dominated subwatersheds. This approach attempts to replicate the pre-development hydrological regime by reducing the ratio of impervious area to natural cover wherever possible, as well as recycling or treating stormwater runoff using filter strips, ponds and wetlands. In agriculturally dominated subwatersheds, we recommend increasing corn soybean rotation, keeping corn on areas with gentle slope and soils with lower erodibility. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mbonimpa, Eric G.; Yuan, Yongping; Nash, Maliha S.; Mehaffey, Megan H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Yuan, YP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. EM yuan.yongping@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The authors are grateful for the valuable comments and suggestions provided by anonymous reviewers. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 60 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN 15 PY 2014 VL 133 BP 214 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.030 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA8JH UT WOS:000331341300024 PM 24384283 ER PT J AU Proestou, DA Flight, P Champlin, D Nacci, D AF Proestou, Dina A. Flight, Patrick Champlin, Denise Nacci, Diane TI Targeted approach to identify genetic loci associated with evolved dioxin tolerance in Atlantic Killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Adaptation; Ecotoxicology; Candidate gene scan; Killifish ID NATURAL-POPULATIONS; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLLUTION TOLERANCE; RECEPTOR; ADAPTATION; EXPRESSION; SENSITIVITY; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; ZEBRAFISH AB Background: The most toxic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants are categorized as dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) to which extreme tolerance has evolved independently and contemporaneously in (at least) four populations of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus). Surprisingly, the magnitude and phenotype of DLC tolerance is similar among these killifish populations that have adapted to varied, but highly aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated urban/industrialized estuaries of the US Atlantic coast. Multiple tolerant and neighboring sensitive killifish populations were compared with the expectation that genetic loci associated with DLC tolerance would be revealed. Results: Since the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway partly or fully mediates DLC toxicity in vertebrates, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 42 genes associated with the AHR pathway were identified to serve as targeted markers. Wild fish (N = 36/37) from four highly tolerant killifish populations and four nearby sensitive populations were genotyped using 59 SNP markers. Similar to other killifish population genetic analyses, strong genetic differentiation among populations was detected, consistent with isolation by distance models. When DLC-sensitive populations were pooled and compared to pooled DLC-tolerant populations, multi-locus analyses did not distinguish the two groups. However, pairwise comparisons of nearby tolerant and sensitive populations revealed high differentiation among sensitive and tolerant populations at these specific loci: AHR 1 and 2, cathepsin Z, the cytochrome P450s (CYP1A and 3A30), and the NADH dehydrogenase subunits. In addition, significant shifts in minor allele frequency were observed at AHR2 and CYP1A loci across most sensitive/tolerant pairs, but only AHR2 exhibited shifts in the same direction across all pairs. Conclusions: The observed differences in allelic composition at the AHR2 and CYP1A SNP loci were identified as significant among paired sensitive/tolerant populations of Atlantic killifish with multiple statistical tests. The genetic patterns reported here lend support to the argument that AHR2 and CYP1A play a role in the adaptive response to extreme DLC contamination. Additional functional assays are required to isolate the exact mechanism of DLC tolerance. C1 [Proestou, Dina A.; Champlin, Denise; Nacci, Diane] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Flight, Patrick] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Proestou, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Biotechnol & Life Sci 469, 120 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM dina.proestou@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD JAN 14 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 7 DI 10.1186/1471-2148-14-7 PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AI3LU UT WOS:000336763800001 PM 24422627 ER PT J AU Reitzel, AM Karchner, SI Franks, DG Evans, BR Nacci, D Champlin, D Vieira, VM Hahn, ME AF Reitzel, Adam M. Karchner, Sibel I. Franks, Diana G. Evans, Brad R. Nacci, Diane Champlin, Denise Vieira, Veronica M. Hahn, Mark E. TI Genetic variation at aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) loci in populations of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting polluted and reference habitats SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Local adaptation; Pollution; Molecular mechanism; Resistance; Tolerance; Convergent evolution; Population genetics ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; MARINE SUPERFUND SITE; AMINO-ACID SITES; ESTUARINE FISH; POSITIVE SELECTION; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN TCDD; NONIMPACTED SUBPOPULATIONS; DIFFERENTIAL SENSITIVITY; HAPLOTYPE RECONSTRUCTION AB Background: The non-migratory killifish Fundulus heteroclitus inhabits clean and polluted environments interspersed throughout its range along the Atlantic coast of North America. Several populations of this species have successfully adapted to environments contaminated with toxic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Previous studies suggest that the mechanism of resistance to these and other "dioxin-like compounds" (DLCs) may involve reduced signaling through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway. Here we investigated gene diversity and evidence for positive selection at three AHR-related loci (AHR1, AHR2, AHRR) in F. heteroclitus by comparing alleles from seven locations ranging over 600 km along the northeastern US, including extremely polluted and reference estuaries, with a focus on New Bedford Harbor (MA, USA), a PCB Superfund site, and nearby reference sites. Results: We identified 98 single nucleotide polymorphisms within three AHR-related loci among all populations, including synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions. Haplotype distributions were spatially segregated and F-statistics suggested strong population genetic structure at these loci, consistent with previous studies showing strong population genetic structure at other F. heteroclitus loci. Genetic diversity at these three loci was not significantly different in contaminated sites as compared to reference sites. However, for AHR2 the New Bedford Harbor population had significant FST values in comparison to the nearest reference populations. Tests for positive selection revealed ten nonsynonymous polymorphisms in AHR1 and four in AHR2. Four nonsynonymous SNPs in AHR1 and three in AHR2 showed large differences in base frequency between New Bedford Harbor and its reference site. Tests for isolation-by-distance revealed evidence for non-neutral change at the AHR2 locus. Conclusion: Together, these data suggest that F. heteroclitus populations in reference and polluted sites have similar genetic diversity, providing no evidence for strong genetic bottlenecks for populations in polluted locations. However, the data provide evidence for genetic differentiation among sites, selection at specific nucleotides in AHR1 and AHR2, and specific AHR2 SNPs and haplotypes that are associated with the PCB-resistant phenotype in the New Bedford Harbor population. The results suggest that AHRs, and especially AHR2, may be important, recurring targets for selection in local adaptation to dioxin-like aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants. C1 [Reitzel, Adam M.; Karchner, Sibel I.; Franks, Diana G.; Evans, Brad R.; Hahn, Mark E.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02568 USA. [Reitzel, Adam M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Nacci, Diane; Champlin, Denise] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, NHEERL, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Vieira, Veronica M.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Hahn, ME (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, 45 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02568 USA. EM mhahn@whoi.edu OI Hahn, Mark/0000-0003-4358-2082 FU Hudson River Foundation [004/02A]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant [P42ES007381]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHHD) [F32HD062178]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1120263, DEB-1120512, DEB-1265282, DEB-1120013, DEB-1120333, DEB-1120398] FX We thank Sarah Cohen for helpful discussions and Dina Proestou and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the original manuscript. This work was supported in part by the Hudson River Foundation (grant 004/02A; final report available at http://www.hudsonriver.org/ls/), by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant P42ES007381 (Superfund Basic Research Program at Boston University), by grant F32HD062178 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHHD), and by the National Science Foundation (DEB-1120263). Data interpretation was aided by reference to a preliminary draft of the F. heteroclitus genome sequence, which was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation (collaborative research grants DEB-1120512, DEB-1265282, DEB-1120013, DEB-1120263, DEB-1120333, DEB-1120398). The funding agencies were not involved in study design or performance or in the decision to publish the manuscript. The U.S. Government is authorized to produce and distribute reprints for governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation that may appear hereon. NR 110 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 37 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD JAN 14 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 6 DI 10.1186/1471-2148-14-6 PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 294TL UT WOS:000330070000001 PM 24422594 ER PT J AU Warfel, JM Zimmerman, LI Merkel, TJ AF Warfel, Jason M. Zimmerman, Lindsey I. Merkel, Tod J. TI Acellular pertussis vaccines protect against disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in a nonhuman primate model SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE whooping cough; T-cell memory; animal models; adaptive immunity; IL-17 ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; WHOLE-CELL; CONTROLLED TRIAL; IMMUNITY; VACCINATION; CHILDREN; RESURGENCE; DIPHTHERIA; RESPONSES; INFANTS AB Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the bacterial pathogen Bordetella pertussis. Pertussis rates in the United States have been rising and reached a 50-y high of 42,000 cases in 2012. Although pertussis resurgence is not completely understood, we hypothesize that current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines fail to prevent colonization and transmission. To test our hypothesis, infant baboons were vaccinated at 2, 4, and 6 mo of age with aP or whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines and challenged with B. pertussis at 7 mo. Infection was followed by quantifying colonization in nasopharyngeal washes and monitoring leukocytosis and symptoms. Baboons vaccinated with aP were protected from severe pertussis-associated symptoms but not from colonization, did not clear the infection faster than naive animals, and readily transmitted B. pertussis to unvaccinated contacts. Vaccination with wP induced a more rapid clearance compared with naive and aP-vaccinated animals. By comparison, previously infected animals were not colonized upon secondary infection. Although all vaccinated and previously infected animals had robust serum antibody responses, we found key differences in T-cell immunity. Previously infected animals and wP-vaccinated animals possess strong B. pertussis-specific T helper 17 (Th17) memory and Th1 memory, whereas aP vaccination induced a Th1/Th2 response instead. The observation that aP, which induces an immune response mismatched to that induced by natural infection, fails to prevent colonization or transmission provides a plausible explanation for the resurgence of pertussis and suggests that optimal control of pertussis will require the development of improved vaccines. C1 [Warfel, Jason M.; Zimmerman, Lindsey I.; Merkel, Tod J.] US EPA, Div Bacterial Parasit & Allergen Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Merkel, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Div Bacterial Parasit & Allergen Prod, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM tod.merkel@fda.hhs.gov RI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016 OI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863 FU Food and Drug Administration; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Y1-AI-1727-01]; National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources [P40RR012317, 5R24RR016556-10] FX We thank Dr. John Dennis, Dr. Jill Ascher, Lewis Shankle, Perry Altland, and Ernest Madison for technical assistance. We thank Dr. Gary White, Dr. Roman Wolf, and Dr. James Papin for technical assistance and critical discussions. We thank Dr. Drusilla Burns and Dr. Scott Stibitz for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was funded by the Food and Drug Administration and National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through Interagency Agreement Y1-AI-1727-01. Baboons were obtained from the Oklahoma Baboon Research Resource. The Oklahoma Baboon Research Resource was supported by Grants P40RR012317 and 5R24RR016556-10 from the National Institutes of Health National Center for Research Resources. NR 54 TC 136 Z9 137 U1 2 U2 21 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 14 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 2 BP 787 EP 792 DI 10.1073/pnas.1314688110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 288LW UT WOS:000329614500054 PM 24277828 ER PT J AU Kioumourtzoglou, MA Spiegelman, D Szpiro, AA Sheppard, L Kaufman, JD Yanosky, JD Williams, R Laden, F Hong, BL Suh, H AF Kioumourtzoglou, Marianthi-Anna Spiegelman, Donna Szpiro, Adam A. Sheppard, Lianne Kaufman, Joel D. Yanosky, Jeff D. Williams, Ronald Laden, Francine Hong, Biling Suh, Helen TI Exposure measurement error in PM2.5 health effects studies: A pooled analysis of eight personal exposure validation studies SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Exposure measurement error; Fine particles; Fine particles of ambient origin; Monitoring data; Spatio-temporal models ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; PARTICULATE MATTER PANEL; AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION; TIME-SERIES; SOURCE-APPORTIONMENT; FINE PARTICLES; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; COHORT; DISEASE AB Background: Exposure measurement error is a concern in long-term PM2.5 health studies using ambient concentrations as exposures. We assessed error magnitude by estimating calibration coefficients as the association between personal PM2.5 exposures from validation studies and typically available surrogate exposures. Methods: Daily personal and ambient PM2.5, and when available sulfate, measurements were compiled from nine cities, over 2 to 12 days. True exposure was defined as personal exposure to PM2.5 of ambient origin. Since PM2.5 of ambient origin could only be determined for five cities, personal exposure to total PM2.5 was also considered. Surrogate exposures were estimated as ambient PM2.5 at the nearest monitor or predicted outside subjects' homes. We estimated calibration coefficients by regressing true on surrogate exposures in random effects models. Results: When monthly-averaged personal PM2.5 of ambient origin was used as the true exposure, calibration coefficients equaled 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.47) for nearest monitor and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.65) for outdoor home predictions. Between-city heterogeneity was not found for outdoor home PM2.5 for either true exposure. Heterogeneity was significant for nearest monitor PM2.5, for both true exposures, but not after adjusting for city-average motor vehicle number for total personal PM2.5. Conclusions: Calibration coefficients were < 1, consistent with previously reported chronic health risks using nearest monitor exposures being under-estimated when ambient concentrations are the exposure of interest. Calibration coefficients were closer to 1 for outdoor home predictions, likely reflecting less spatial error. Further research is needed to determine how our findings can be incorporated in future health studies. C1 [Kioumourtzoglou, Marianthi-Anna; Laden, Francine] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Spiegelman, Donna; Laden, Francine; Hong, Biling] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Spiegelman, Donna] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Szpiro, Adam A.; Sheppard, Lianne] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sheppard, Lianne; Kaufman, Joel D.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Yanosky, Jeff D.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA USA. [Williams, Ronald] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Suh, Helen] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Kioumourtzoglou, MA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM marianthi.anna@mail.harvard.edu RI Kaufman, Joel/B-5761-2008 OI Kaufman, Joel/0000-0003-4174-9037 FU US EPA [FP-9172890-01]; NIH [ES 09411]; NIEHS [T32 ES 007069, R01 ES017017] FX This article was developed under STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement (FP-9172890-01) from the US EPA. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the US EPA. This manuscript has been subjected to U. S. EPA review and approved for publication. Additionally, this work was funded by NIH (ES 09411) and NIEHS (T32 ES 007069 and R01 ES017017). NR 63 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 31 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD JAN 13 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 2 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-13-2 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AF2JK UT WOS:000334538200001 PM 24410940 ER PT J AU Hlavsa, MC Roberts, VA Kahler, AM Hilborn, ED Wade, TJ Backer, LC Yoder, JS AF Hlavsa, Michele C. Roberts, Virginia A. Kahler, Amy M. Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Wade, Timothy J. Backer, Lorraine C. Yoder, Jonathan S. TI Recreational Water-Associated Disease Outbreaks - United States, 2009-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hlavsa, Michele C.; Roberts, Virginia A.; Kahler, Amy M.; Yoder, Jonathan S.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hlavsa, MC (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhlavsa@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 6 EP 10 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294ER UT WOS:000330025900002 PM 24402466 ER PT J AU Hilborn, ED Roberts, VA Backer, L DeConno, E Egan, JS Hyde, JB Nicholas, DC Wiegert, EJ Billing, LM DiOrio, M Mohr, MC Hardy, FJ Wade, TJ Yoder, JS Hlavsa, MC AF Hilborn, Elizabeth D. Roberts, Virginia A. Backer, Lorraine DeConno, Erin Egan, Jessica S. Hyde, James B. Nicholas, David C. Wiegert, Eric J. Billing, Laurie M. DiOrio, Mary Mohr, Marika C. Hardy, F. Joan Wade, Timothy J. Yoder, Jonathan S. Hlavsa, Michele C. TI Algal Bloom-Associated Disease Outbreaks Among Users of Freshwater Lakes - United States, 2009-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hilborn, Elizabeth D.; Wade, Timothy J.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Roberts, Virginia A.; Yoder, Jonathan S.; Hlavsa, Michele C.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Backer, Lorraine] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [DeConno, Erin; Egan, Jessica S.; Hyde, James B.; Nicholas, David C.; Wiegert, Eric J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Billing, Laurie M.; DiOrio, Mary; Mohr, Marika C.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Hardy, F. Joan] Washington State Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Hilborn, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hilborn.e@epa.gov NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 294ER UT WOS:000330025900003 PM 24402467 ER PT J AU Raugei, M Rugani, B Benetto, E Ingwersen, WW AF Raugei, Marco Rugani, Benedetto Benetto, Enrico Ingwersen, Wesley W. TI Integrating emergy into LCA: Potential added value and lingering obstacles SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Emergy; Life cycle assessment; Added value; Integration ID LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ENERGY; SYSTEMS; VALUATION AB Emergy attempts to measure the environmental work required to generate (ecosystem) goods and services that can be used by humans. It is claimed that the use of inventory modelling principles behind the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method (European Commission, 2010a) may improve the Emergy Synthesis method, which has been criticized for its low accuracy and lack of standardization in the accounting procedure. LCA has become a standard procedure to investigate the environmental performance of human-dominated products and processes. Where LCA fundamentally differs from Emergy Synthesis is in that the former draws the boundary around the life cycle of the system under study, and looks at impacts that happen as direct consequences of it; conversely, Emergy Synthesis always looks at a system as embedded in the larger natural system that underpins it, and includes all direct and indirect inputs that converged to support it over much larger time and space scales, including 'freely available' ones which are typically neglected or only partly accounted for in LCA (e.g. rainfall, soil organic matter, etc.). Emergy arguably offers the added value of a comprehensive donor-side perspective, an approximation of the work of the environment that would be needed to replace what is used, and presents a unified measure of the provision of environmental support. We maintain that it may be viewed as a valuable complement, rather than an alternative, to existing life cycle impact assessment metrics. The lingering obstacles to such integration are enumerated and discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Raugei, Marco] ESCI Pompeu Fabra Univ, UNESCO Chair Life Cycle & Climate Change, Barcelona, Spain. [Raugei, Marco] Oxford Brookes Univ, Fac Technol Design & Environm, Oxford OX3 0BP, England. [Raugei, Marco] Columbia Univ, Ctr Life Cycle Anal, New York, NY USA. [Rugani, Benedetto; Benetto, Enrico] Resource Ctr Environm Technol CRTE, Publ Res Ctr Henri Tudor CRPHT, Esch Sur Alzette, Luxembourg. [Ingwersen, Wesley W.] US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Raugei, M (reprint author), Oxford Brookes Univ, Fac Technol Design & Environm, Oxford OX3 0BP, England. EM marco.raugei@brookes.ac.uk RI Benetto, Enrico/H-3234-2012; Raugei, Marco/N-4737-2015; OI Benetto, Enrico/0000-0003-1159-9162; Raugei, Marco/0000-0001-5026-8556; Ingwersen, Wesley/0000-0002-9614-701X; RUGANI, Benedetto/0000-0002-3525-1382 NR 57 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 271 SI SI BP 4 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.11.025 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 265BC UT WOS:000327923700002 ER PT J AU Campbell, DE Lu, HF Lin, BL AF Campbell, Daniel E. Lu, Hongfang Lin, Bin-Le TI Emergy evaluations of the global biogeochemical cycles of six biologically active elements and two compounds SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Emergy evaluation; Biologically active elements; Nitrogen; Carbon; Phosphorus; Sulfur ID NITROGEN-CYCLE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOSYSTEMS; PHOSPHORUS; CARBON; CONSEQUENCES; INDEXES; RATIOS; IMPACT; OCEAN AB Estimates of the emergy carried by the flows of biologically active elements (BAE) and compounds are needed to accurately evaluate the near and far-field effects of anthropogenic wastes. The transformities and specific emergies of these elements and of their different chemical species are also needed to quantify the inputs to many ecological and economic production functions. In this study, we performed emergy evaluations of the global biogeochemical cycles of the BAE, carbon, C, nitrogen, N, sulfur, S, phosphorus, P, oxygen, O-2 and silica, Si, as well as the global cycles of two compounds (+2), methane, CH4 and water, H2O. We assembled budgets for the global flows of the "BAE + 2" from the literature for the Preindustrial Era and the Industrial Age. The emergy basis for these elemental flows was obtained by documenting the global inflows of renewable and nonrenewable emergy for the Preindustrial Era (i.e., circa 1850) and for the Industrial Age. The nonrenewable emergy inputs in the Industrial Age were documented using a variable time window corresponding to the period of observation when the different elemental budgets were evaluated. We calculated specific emergies and some transformities of the total flows of the elements and of some of their chemical species. The elemental cycles were diagrammed in Energy Systems Language (ESL) and tables of specific emergies are provided for use in subsequent emergy evaluations. The accuracy of evaluating the global cycles of the BAE + 2 at intermediate complexity was assessed by comparison to the results of an earlier detailed analysis of the global N cycle. Joint evaluation of the BAE + 2 allowed us to examine these elemental cycles with respect to commonalities and differences in their structure, function, and potential impacts of their perturbations on the global ecosystem. We characterize the coupling of the BAE in terms of a fast biogeochemical loop and a slow geochemical loop, an insight which emerged from the process of diagramming the nitrogen cycle in ESL Finally, we compared our emergy evaluation results to other means of ranking greenhouse gases (GHGs) and other wastes and developed specific recommendations that more research and management attention should be focused on N2O, S and CH4, while continuing present efforts to better understand and manage CO2 and reactive N. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Lu, Hongfang] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lin, Bin-Le] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Inst Sci Safety & Sustainabil, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058569, Japan. RP Lu, HF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM Campbell.Dan@epamail.epa.gov; luhf@scbg.ac.cn; binle-lin@aist.go.jp FU Science Foundation of China [31070483, 31170428] FX The research described in this article resulted from a collaboration between South China Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China (supported, in part, by Project Science Foundation of China (31070483, 31170428)), the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Office of Research and Development (ORD), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), Atlantic Ecology Division (AED). We thank John Kiddon, Kristen Hychka, Jim Latimer, Joe Livolsi, Tim Gleason, Wayne Munns and two external reviewers for helpful comments on the paper. Although the research described in this article has been funded, in part, by the USEPA, it has not been subjected to Agency level review; and therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. NR 65 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 271 SI SI BP 32 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.01.013 PG 20 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 265BC UT WOS:000327923700005 ER PT J AU Morandi, F Campbell, DE Bastianoni, S AF Morandi, Fabiana Campbell, Daniel E. Bastianoni, Simone TI Set theory applied to uniquely define the inputs to territorial systems in emergy analyses SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Set theory; Multiscale; Emergy evaluation; Territorial systems ID SUSTAINABILITY AB The language of set theory can be utilized to represent the emergy involved in all processes. In this paper we use set theory in an emergy evaluation to ensure an accurate representation of the inputs to territorial systems. We consider a generic territorial system and we describe how the emergy related to every flow in these systems can be uniquely determined through the operation of the union of sets. The aim of this paper is to propose a new way to evaluate the main emergy flows entering a system using set theory, which is a general scheme applicable to every system. Because this paper represents the first step in an emergy evaluation of hierarchically - organized systems, we consider a territorial system as an example, because in it we will always have at least two levels of organization. In this regard we consider the relationships between flows to and from as well as within the system and the respective flows of one of its subsystems in the process providing a definition using the mathematics of sets both for the flows and for the relationships between the respective flows that occur at the different scales. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Morandi, Fabiana; Bastianoni, Simone] Univ Siena, Ecodynam Grp, DEEPS Dept Earth Environm & Phys Sci, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Morandi, F (reprint author), Univ Siena, Ecodynam Grp, DEEPS Dept Earth Environm & Phys Sci, Via Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy. EM morandi2@unisi.it RI Bastianoni, Simone/K-6721-2015; MORANDI, FABIANA/K-4184-2015 OI Bastianoni, Simone/0000-0002-6470-7377; MORANDI, FABIANA/0000-0002-7187-8799 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JAN 10 PY 2014 VL 271 SI SI BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.01.005 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 265BC UT WOS:000327923700014 ER PT J AU Duncan, KE Cook, PM Gavett, SH Dailey, LA Mahoney, RK Ghio, AJ Roggli, VL Devlin, RB AF Duncan, Kelly E. Cook, Philip M. Gavett, Stephen H. Dailey, Lisa A. Mahoney, Ron K. Ghio, Andrew J. Roggli, Victor L. Devlin, Robert B. TI In vitro determinants of asbestos fiber toxicity: effect on the relative toxicity of Libby amphibole in primary human airway epithelial cells SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Libby amphibole; Airway epithelium; Relative toxicity; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Dose metrics ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; CROCIDOLITE ASBESTOS; PARTICULATE MATTER; MONTANA; EXPOSURE; INFLAMMATION; RATS; IRON; NANOPARTICLES; VERMICULITE AB Background: An abnormally high incidence of lung disease has been observed in the residents of Libby, Montana, which has been attributed to occupational and environmental exposure to fibrous amphiboles originating from a nearby contaminated vermiculite mine. The composition of Libby amphibole (LA) is complex and minimal toxicity data are available. In this study, we conduct a comparative particle toxicity analysis of LA compared with standard reference asbestiform amphibole samples. Methods: Primary human airway epithelial cells (HAEC) were exposed to two different LA samples as well as standard amphibole reference samples. Analysis of the samples included a complete particle size distribution analysis, calculation of surface area by electron microscopy and by gas adsorption and quantification of surface-conjugated iron and hydroxyl radical production by the fibers. Interleukin-8 mRNA levels were quantified by qRT-PCR to measure relative pro-inflammatory response induced in HAEC in response to amphibole fiber exposure. The relative contribution of key physicochemical determinants on the observed pro-inflammatory response were also evaluated. Results: The RTI amosite reference sample contained the longest fibers and demonstrated the greatest potency at increasing IL-8 transcript levels when evaluated on an equal mass basis. The two LA samples and the UICC amosite reference sample consisted of similar particle numbers per milligram as well as similar particle size distributions and induced comparable levels of IL-8 mRNA. A strong correlation was observed between the elongated particle (aspect ratio >= 3:1) dose metrics of length and external surface area. Expression of the IL-8 data with respect to either of these metrics eliminated the differential response between the RTI amosite sample and the other samples that was observed when HAEC were exposed on an equal mass basis. Conclusions: On an equal mass basis, LA is as potent as the UICC amosite reference sample at inducing a pro-inflammatory response in HAEC but is less potent than the RTI amosite sample. The results of this study show that the particle length and particle surface area are highly correlated metrics that contribute significantly to the toxicological potential of these amphibole samples with respect to the inflammogenic response induced in airway epithelial cells. C1 [Duncan, Kelly E.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Canc Biol Program, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Cook, Philip M.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Gavett, Stephen H.; Dailey, Lisa A.; Ghio, Andrew J.; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mahoney, Ron K.] EMSL Analyt Inc, Libby, MT 59923 USA. [Roggli, Victor L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Devlin, RB (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM devlin.robert@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [CR833463-01]; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. FX The research described in this article has been funded wholly or in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement CR833463-01 with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The views expressed in this manuscript do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD JAN 8 PY 2014 VL 11 AR 2 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-11-2 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 294NJ UT WOS:000330053100001 PM 24401117 ER PT J AU Napelenok, SL Simon, H Bhave, PV Pye, HOT Pouliot, GA Sheesley, RJ Schauer, JJ AF Napelenok, Sergey L. Simon, Heather Bhave, Prakash V. Pye, Havala O. T. Pouliot, George A. Sheesley, Rebecca J. Schauer, James J. TI Diagnostic Air Quality Model Evaluation of Source-Specific Primary and Secondary Fine Particulate Carbon SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; ORGANIC AEROSOL FORMATION; SOUTHEASTERN US; UNITED-STATES; BLACK CARBON; GAS-PHASE; EMISSIONS; PARTICLES; ISOPRENE; MATTER AB Ambient measurements of 78 source-specific tracers of primary and secondary carbonaceous fine particulate matter collected at four midwestern United States locations over a full year (March 2004-February 2005) provided an unprecedented opportunity to diagnostically evaluate the results. of a numerical air quality model. Previous analyses of these measurements demonstrated excellent mass closure for the variety of contributing sources. In this Study, a carbon-apportionment version of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was used to track primary organic and elemental carbon emissions from 15 independent sources such as mobile sources and biomass burning in addition to four precursor-specific classes of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) originating from isoprene, terpenes, aromatics, and sesquiter-penes. Conversion of the source-resolved model output into organic tracer concentrations yielded a total of 2416 data pairs for comparison with observations. While emission source contributions to the total model bias varied by season and measurement location, the largest absolute bias of -0.55 mu gC/m(3) was attributed to insufficient isoprene SOA in the summertime CMAQ simulation. Biomass combustion was responsible for the second largest summertime model bias (-0.46 mu gC/m(3) on average). Several instances of compensating errors were also evident; model underpredictions in some sectors were masked by overpredictions in others. C1 [Napelenok, Sergey L.; Simon, Heather; Bhave, Prakash V.; Pye, Havala O. T.; Pouliot, George A.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Sheesley, Rebecca J.] Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Schauer, James J.] Univ Wisconsin, Water Sci & Engn Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Napelenok, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM napelenok.sergey@epa.gov RI Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014; Sheesley, Rebecca/I-6655-2015; Pye, Havala/F-5392-2012; OI Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445; Pye, Havala/0000-0002-2014-2140; Sheesley, Rebecca/0000-0002-8187-0571 NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 7 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 1 BP 464 EP 473 DI 10.1021/es403304w PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 287NN UT WOS:000329548800061 PM 24245475 ER PT J AU Singhvi, R Taneja, A Patel, J Gasser, C Kalnicky, DJ AF Singhvi, Raj Taneja, Ajay Patel, Jay Gasser, Charles Kalnicky, Dennis J. TI Hg Vapor Emission from Broken Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) in an Acrylic Chamber SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS LA English DT Article DE compact fluorescent lamp (CFL); Hg vapor; Hg emissions; metallic Hg ID MERCURY AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency/Environmental Response Team (US EPA/ERT), in collaboration with St. John's College, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra, India, is conducting a study to determine Hg vaporemission rates resulting from broken compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs)in a residential setting. The overall objectives of the study are todetermine Hg vapor emission data and provide homeowners withcleanup procedures and disposal options for broken CFLs. Most of the currently available CFLs in the US marketare manufactured in China for US companies. Several different types of CFLs were purchased from localstores and their Hg content was determined. Based on previous studies, such as the 2011 study by Singhvi and colleagues, five popular spiral CFLs were selected for emission studies in an acrylic chamber. This study found that Hg vapor emissions from CFLs may be significantly greater than those from beads of liquid Hg with weights comparable to the Hg content of the CFLs. The average 24-hour Hg loss into the atmosphere from CFLs broken on a plastic surface ranged from 0.6% to 22% of the bulb content, while that for CFLs broken on carpet ranged from 2.6% to 28%. Projections for a 12 foot x 9.33 foot x 8 foot (25.4m(3)) room based on the chamber measurements in this study indicate that CFL breakage in some household settings may produce 24-hour Hg concentrations above the 2000 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) minimum risk level (MRL) of 0.2 mu g/m(3), for typical air exchange rates. This study also indicates that Hg emission may not be proportional to exposed surface area based on experiments using liquid Hg with different surface areas. C1 [Singhvi, Raj] US EPA, Environm Response Team, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Taneja, Ajay] Dr BR Ambedkar Univ, St Johns Coll, Dept Chem, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Patel, Jay; Gasser, Charles; Kalnicky, Dennis J.] Lockheed Martin SERAS, Edison, NJ USA. RP Singhvi, R (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Response Team, 2890 Woodbridge Ave,MS101, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. EM singhvi.raj@epa.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1527-5922 EI 1527-5930 J9 ENVIRON FORENSICS JI Environ. Forensics PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 15 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1080/15275922.2013.872716 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AD7YP UT WOS:000333483700004 ER PT J AU Bradham, KD Laird, BD Rasmussen, PE Schoof, RA Serda, SM Siciliano, SD Hughes, MF AF Bradham, Karen D. Laird, Brian D. Rasmussen, Pat E. Schoof, Rosalind A. Serda, Sophia M. Siciliano, Steven D. Hughes, Michael F. TI Assessing the Bioavailability and Risk from Metal-Contaminated Soils and Dusts SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE bioavailability; bioaccessibility; metals; exposure; soil; dust ID PARTICLE-SIZE; RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY; ARSENIC BIOACCESSIBILITY; HUMAN EXPOSURE; ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY; CURRENT STANDARDS; CANADA MEASURE; MINE TAILINGS; HUMAN HANDS; HOUSE-DUST AB Exposure to contaminated soil and dust is an important pathway in human health risk assessment. Physical and chemical characteristics and biological factors determine the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of soil and dust contaminants. Within a single sample, contamination may arise from multiple sources of toxic elements that may exist as different species that impact bioavailability. In turn, the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of soil and dust contaminants directly impacts human health risk. Research efforts focusing on development and application of in vitro and in vivo methods to measure the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of metal-contaminated soils have advanced in recent years. The objective of this workshop was to focus on developments in assessing the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of arsenic-contaminated soils, metals' contamination in urban Canadian residences and potential children's exposures to toxic elements in house dust, an urban community-based study (i.e., West Oakland Residential Lead Assessment), bioavailability studies of soil cadmium, chromium, nickel, and mercury and human exposures to contaminated Brownfield soils. These presentations covered issues related to human health and bioavailability along with the most recent studies on community participation in assessing metals' contamination, studies of exposures to residential contamination, and in vitro and in vivo methods development for assessing the bioaccessibility/bioavailability of metals in soils and dusts. C1 [Bradham, Karen D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Laird, Brian D.; Siciliano, Steven D.] Univ Saskatchewan, Interdisciplinary Toxicol Grp, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Rasmussen, Pat E.] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Schoof, Rosalind A.] Environ Int Corp, Seattle, WA USA. [Serda, Sophia M.] US EPA, San Francisco, CA USA. [Hughes, Michael F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hughes, MF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hughes.michaelf@epa.gov RI Siciliano, Steven/G-3370-2011; Laird, Brian/B-3581-2013; Rasmussen, Pat/R-8176-2016 OI Laird, Brian/0000-0001-6127-1865; Rasmussen, Pat/0000-0001-6748-4255 NR 54 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 10 U2 138 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 EI 1549-7860 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD JAN 2 PY 2014 VL 20 IS 1 BP 272 EP 286 DI 10.1080/10807039.2013.802633 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 232SO UT WOS:000325514500016 ER PT B AU Klinefelter, GR Veeramachaneni, DNR AF Klinefelter, Gary R. Veeramachaneni, D. N. Rao BE Hayes, AW Kruger, CL TI Assessment of Male Reproductive Toxicity SO HAYES' PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF TOXICOLOGY, 6TH EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RAT EPIDIDYMAL SPERM; N-BUTYL PHTHALATE; CARCINOMA-IN-SITU; PATERNAL CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE TREATMENT; CHROMATIN-STRUCTURE ASSAY; ENVIRONMENTAL ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME; MALE-MEDIATED TERATOGENESIS; DOSE-DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS; LEYDIG-CELL HYPERPLASIA C1 [Klinefelter, Gary R.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div, Reprod Toxicol Branch,Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Veeramachaneni, D. N. Rao] Colorado State Univ, Anim Reprod & Biotechnol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Klinefelter, GR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Toxicol Assessment Div, Reprod Toxicol Branch,Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27709 USA. NR 302 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-84214-537-1; 978-1-84214-536-4 PY 2014 BP 1601 EP 1635 D2 10.1201/b17359 PG 35 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BD7FA UT WOS:000362973800035 ER PT B AU Fairbrother, A Barron, MG Johnson, MS AF Fairbrother, Anne Barron, Mace G. Johnson, Mark S. BE Hayes, AW Kruger, CL TI Methods in Environmental Toxicology SO HAYES' PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF TOXICOLOGY, 6TH EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Ecotoxicology; Environmental; Aquatic toxicology; Terrestrial toxicology ID SPECIES SENSITIVITY DISTRIBUTIONS; SALAMANDERS PLETHODON-CINEREUS; BOBWHITE COLINUS-VIRGINIANUS; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; SUBCHRONIC SOIL EXPOSURES; ACUTE TOXICITY DATA; FRESH-WATER; AQUATIC TOXICITY; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ANTHROPOGENIC CHEMICALS C1 [Fairbrother, Anne] Exponent, Bellevue, WA USA. [Barron, Mace G.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Johnson, Mark S.] US Army Inst Publ Hlth, Toxicol Portfolio, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Fairbrother, A (reprint author), Exponent, Bellevue, WA USA. NR 211 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-84214-537-1; 978-1-84214-536-4 PY 2014 BP 2029 EP 2071 D2 10.1201/b17359 PG 43 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BD7FA UT WOS:000362973800043 ER PT B AU Hiskia, A Triantis, TM Antoniou, MG de la Cruz, AA O'Shea, K Song, WH Fotiou, T Kaloudis, T He, XX Andersen, J Dionysiou, DD AF Hiskia, Anastasia Triantis, Theodoros M. Antoniou, Maria G. de la Cruz, Armah A. O'Shea, Kevin Song, Weihua Fotiou, Theodora Kaloudis, Triantafyllos He, Xuexiang Andersen, Joel Dionysiou, Dionysios D. BE Lambropoulou, DA Nollet, LML TI Transformation Products of Hazardous Cyanobacterial Metabolites in Water SO TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS OF EMERGING CONTAMINANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT: ANALYSIS, PROCESSES, OCCURRENCE, EFFECTS AND RISKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PHOSPHATASE INHIBITION ASSAY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEPATOTOXIN MICROCYSTIN-LR; ALGA CYLINDROSPERMOPSIS-RACIBORSKII; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MUSTY ODOROUS COMPOUNDS; NITROGEN-DOPED TIO2; DRINKING-WATER; PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION C1 [Hiskia, Anastasia; Triantis, Theodoros M.; Fotiou, Theodora] Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Adv Mat Physicochem Proc Nanotechnol & Micro, Athens, Greece. [Antoniou, Maria G.] Cyprus Univ Technol, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, Pavlou Mela, Limassol, Cyprus. [de la Cruz, Armah A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [O'Shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Song, Weihua] Fudan Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Kaloudis, Triantafyllos] Athens Water Supply & Sewerage Co EYDAP SA, Organ Micropollutants Lab, Athens, Greece. [He, Xuexiang; Andersen, Joel; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Hiskia, A (reprint author), Natl Ctr Sci Res Demokritos, Inst Adv Mat Physicochem Proc Nanotechnol & Micro, Athens, Greece. OI TRIANTIS, THEODOROS/0000-0002-7899-176X NR 185 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-33955-8; 978-1-118-33959-6 PY 2014 BP 675 EP 708 D2 10.1002/9781118339558 PG 34 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA BD7DO UT WOS:000362907200024 ER PT B AU Fischer, D Moriarty, T AF Fischer, David Moriarty, Thomas BE Fischer, D Moriarty, T TI Introduction SO PESTICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLLINATORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators CY JAN 15-22, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem C1 [Fischer, David] Bayer CropSci LP, Environm Safety, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Moriarty, Thomas] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Pesticide Reevaluat Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Fischer, D (reprint author), Bayer CropSci LP, Environm Safety, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-85250-7; 978-1-118-85252-1 PY 2014 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Entomology; Environmental Sciences SC Entomology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD9FM UT WOS:000364576300001 ER PT B AU Moriarty, T Alix, A Miles, M AF Moriarty, T. Alix, A. Miles, M. BE Fischer, D Moriarty, T TI Overview of Protection Goals for Pollinators SO PESTICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLLINATORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators CY JAN 15-22, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem C1 [Moriarty, T.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Pesticide Reevaluat Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Miles, M.] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Moriarty, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Pesticide Reevaluat Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-85250-7; 978-1-118-85252-1 PY 2014 BP 19 EP 23 PG 5 WC Entomology; Environmental Sciences SC Entomology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD9FM UT WOS:000364576300004 ER PT B AU Lee-Steere, C Steeger, T AF Lee-Steere, C. Steeger, T. BE Fischer, D Moriarty, T TI Overview of the Pesticide Risk Assessment and the Regulatory Process SO PESTICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLLINATORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators CY JAN 15-22, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem C1 [Lee-Steere, C.] Australian Environm Agcy Party Ltd, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Steeger, T.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Lee-Steere, C (reprint author), Australian Environm Agcy Party Ltd, Canberra, ACT, Australia. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-85250-7; 978-1-118-85252-1 PY 2014 BP 24 EP 27 PG 4 WC Entomology; Environmental Sciences SC Entomology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD9FM UT WOS:000364576300005 ER PT B AU Fischer, D Alix, A Coulson, M Delorme, P Moriarty, T Pettis, J Steeger, T Wisk, JD AF Fischer, D. Alix, A. Coulson, M. Delorme, P. Moriarty, T. Pettis, J. Steeger, T. Wisk, J. D. BE Fischer, D Moriarty, T TI Problem Formulation for an Assessment of Risk to Honey Bees from Applications of Plant Protection Products to Agricultural Crops SO PESTICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLLINATORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators CY JAN 15-22, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem C1 [Fischer, D.] Bayer CropSci LP, Environm Safety, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Coulson, M.] Syngenta Ltd, Washington, DC USA. [Delorme, P.] Hlth Canada, Pest Management Regulatory Agcy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Moriarty, T.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Pesticide Reevaluat Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Pettis, J.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Steeger, T.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wisk, J. D.] BASF Corp, Crop Solut, Washington, DC USA. RP Fischer, D (reprint author), Bayer CropSci LP, Environm Safety, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-85250-7; 978-1-118-85252-1 PY 2014 BP 28 EP 43 PG 16 WC Entomology; Environmental Sciences SC Entomology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD9FM UT WOS:000364576300006 ER PT B AU Alix, A Steeger, T Brittain, C Fischer, D Johnson, R Moriarty, T Johansen, E Streissel, F Fischer, R Miles, M Lee-Steere, C Vaughan, M Vaissiere, B Maynard, G Kasina, M Nocelli, RCF Scott-Dupree, C Coulson, M Dinter, A Fry, M AF Alix, A. Steeger, T. Brittain, C. Fischer, D. Johnson, R. Moriarty, T. Johansen, E. Streissel, F. Fischer, R. Miles, M. Lee-Steere, C. Vaughan, M. Vaissiere, B. Maynard, G. Kasina, M. Nocelli, R. C. F. Scott-Dupree, C. Coulson, M. Dinter, A. Fry, M. BE Fischer, D Moriarty, T TI Overview of a Proposed Ecological Risk Assessment Process for Honey bees (Apis mellifera) and Non-Apis Bees SO PESTICIDE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR POLLINATORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SETAC Pellston Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators CY JAN 15-22, 2011 CL Pensacola, FL SP Soc Environm Toxicol & Chem ID BOMBUS-IMPATIENS HYMENOPTERA; MEGACHILE-ROTUNDATA HYMENOPTERA; OSMIA-LIGNARIA HYMENOPTERA; ALFALFA LEAFCUTTING BEES; COMPARATIVE TOXICITY; LABORATORY TESTS; NOMIA-MELANDERI; APIDAE; PESTICIDES; INSECTICIDES C1 [Steeger, T.; Moriarty, T.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Brittain, C.] Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Luneburg, Germany. [Fischer, D.] Bayer CropSci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Johnson, R.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA. [Johansen, E.] Washington State Dept Agr, Washington, DC USA. [Fischer, R.] Fed Off Consumer Protect & Food Safety, Berlin, Germany. [Lee-Steere, C.] Australian Environm Agcy Pty Ltd, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Vaissiere, B.] French Natl Inst Agr Res, Sophia Antipolis, France. [Kasina, M.] Kenya Agr Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nocelli, R. C. F.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Ctr Agr Sci, Araras, SP, Brazil. [Scott-Dupree, C.] Univ Guelph, Sch Environm Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Dinter, A.] DuPont Nemours Deutsch GmbH, Berlin, Germany. [Fry, M.] Amer Bird Conservancy, Washington, DC USA. RI Nocelli, Roberta/E-7354-2012 OI Nocelli, Roberta/0000-0003-2900-6310 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA BN 978-1-118-85250-7; 978-1-118-85252-1 PY 2014 BP 119 EP 146 PG 28 WC Entomology; Environmental Sciences SC Entomology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD9FM UT WOS:000364576300010 ER PT B AU Cooper, RL Goldman, JM AF Cooper, Ralph L. Goldman, Jerome M. BE Hoyer, PB TI Brain as a Target for Environmental Toxicants That Alter Ovarian Function SO OVARIAN TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; ESTROGEN POSITIVE FEEDBACK; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; FEMALE RAT; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION C1 [Cooper, Ralph L.; Goldman, Jerome M.] US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Cooper, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 143 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-0407-3; 978-1-4665-0406-6 PY 2014 BP 37 EP 67 PG 31 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Toxicology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Toxicology GA BD6DH UT WOS:000362091400004 ER PT B AU Makris, SL Harrouk, W AF Makris, Susan L. Harrouk, Wafa BE Hoyer, PB TI Assessing Ovarian Toxicity in Human Health Risk Assessment for Environmental Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals SO OVARIAN TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; COLLABORATIVE WORK; 4-VINYLCYCLOHEXENE DIEPOXIDE; DI-(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT; FOLLICLE COUNTS; POSITION PAPER; WISTAR RATS; FERTILITY C1 [Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Harrouk, Wafa] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Makris, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 129 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-0407-3; 978-1-4665-0406-6 PY 2014 BP 335 EP 361 PG 27 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Toxicology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Toxicology GA BD6DH UT WOS:000362091400016 ER PT S AU Blank, RH Hines, SM Funke, O Losco, J Stewart, P AF Blank, Robert H. Hines, Samuel M., Jr. Funke, Odelia Losco, Joseph Stewart, Patrick BA Blank, RH Hines, SM Funke, O Losco, J Stewart, P BF Blank, RH Hines, SM Funke, O Losco, J Stewart, P TI POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES: THE STATE OF THE DISCIPLINE PREFACE SO POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES: THE STATE OF THE DISCIPLINE SE Research in Biopolitics LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Blank, Robert H.] New Coll, Sarasota, FL USA. [Blank, Robert H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Blank, Robert H.] Aarhus Univ, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Blank, Robert H.] Brunel Univ, Publ Policy, West London, Middx, England. [Blank, Robert H.] No Illinois Univ, Program Biosocial Res, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Blank, Robert H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Blank, Robert H.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Blank, Robert H.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Blank, Robert H.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA. [Hines, Samuel M., Jr.] The Citadel, Polit Sci, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. [Hines, Samuel M., Jr.] Coll Charleston, Dept Affairs, Charleston, SC USA. [Hines, Samuel M., Jr.] Coll Charleston, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Charleston, SC USA. [Funke, Odelia] US EPA, Off Environm Informat, Washington, DC USA. [Funke, Odelia] Amer Univ, Ctr Environm Policy, Sch Publ Affairs, Residence, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Losco, Joseph] Ball State Univ, Polit Sci, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. [Losco, Joseph] Bowen Ctr Publ Affairs, Muncie, IN USA. [Stewart, Patrick] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Blank, RH (reprint author), New Coll, Sarasota, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY, W YORKSHIRE BD16 1WA, ENGLAND SN 2042-9940 BN 978-1-78441-107-7; 978-1-78441-108-4 J9 RES BIOPOLIT PY 2014 VL 12 BP IX EP + D2 10.1108/S2042-9940201412 PG 40 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA BD4DS UT WOS:000360529800001 ER PT S AU Funke, O AF Funke, Odelia BA Blank, RH Hines, SM Funke, O Losco, J Stewart, P BF Blank, RH Hines, SM Funke, O Losco, J Stewart, P TI BIOPOLICY: SOCIAL ISSUES SO POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES: THE STATE OF THE DISCIPLINE SE Research in Biopolitics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Funke, Odelia] US EPA, Off Environm Informat, Washington, DC USA. [Funke, Odelia] Amer Univ, Ctr Environm Policy, Sch Publ Affairs, Residence, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP Funke, O (reprint author), US EPA, Off Environm Informat, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY, W YORKSHIRE BD16 1WA, ENGLAND SN 2042-9940 BN 978-1-78441-107-7; 978-1-78441-108-4 J9 RES BIOPOLIT PY 2014 VL 12 BP 179 EP 204 DI 10.1108/S2042-994020140000012005 D2 10.1108/S2042-9940201412 PG 26 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA BD4DS UT WOS:000360529800007 ER PT B AU Miller, CA AF Miller, C. Andrew GP ASME TI EVALUATING THE RATE OF TECHNOLOGICAL IMPROVEMENT NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION TARGETS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 6B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2013) CY NOV 15-21, 2013 CL San Diego, CA SP ASME ID ENERGY AB Considerable effort has been made to evaluate the technological improvement required to achieve global emission levels that are estimated to be needed to prevent the most serious impacts of climate change. While these analyses have highlighted the magnitude of technological change needed to meet target emission levels, the rate of such change has not been discussed as frequently. Application of the simple yet informative Kaya Identity, which relates emission levels to social and technological drivers, can be applied to gain insights into the required rate of technological change. This analysis shows that the current rate of technological improvement, as measured by the rate of change in energy intensity of economic growth (energy/dollar of GDP) and carbon intensity [carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per unit energy], must be accelerated to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels to levels estimated to be needed to avoid serious climate impacts, even if population and economic activity were to remain constant. Given projected population growth and desired economic growth, the rate of technological change must accelerate by a factor of 5-8 times current levels and maintain that level of change for the foreseeable future. Such an accelerated pace of technological change has substantial implications for energy technology development, the need for technical expertise, and potentially the structure of the economy as a whole. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Los Angeles, CA 90017 USA. RP Miller, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Los Angeles, CA 90017 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5629-1 PY 2014 AR V06BT07A004 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BD3NT UT WOS:000359955500004 ER PT B AU Bruzek, R Biess, L Kreisel, L Al-Nazer, L AF Bruzek, Radim Biess, Larry Kreisel, Leopold Al-Nazer, Leith GP ASME TI RAIL TEMPERATURE PREDICTION MODEL AND HEAT SLOW ORDER MANAGEMENT SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME JOINT RAIL CONFERENCE, 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 2014 Joint Rail Conference CY APR 02-04, 2014 CL Colorado Springs, CO SP ASME, Transportat Div AB Track buckling due to excessive rail temperature may cause derailments with serious consequences. To minimize the risk of derailments, slow orders are typically issued on sections of track in areas where an elevated rail temperature is expected and risk of track buckling is increased. While slow orders are an important preventive safety measure, they are costly as they disrupt timetables and can affect time-sensitive shipments. Optimizing the slow order management process would result in significant cost saving for the railroads. The Federal Railroad Administration's (FRA's) Office of Research and Development has sponsored the development of a model for predicting rail temperatures using real time weather forecast data and predefined track parameters and a web-based system for providing resulting information to operators. In cooperation with CSX Transportation (CSX) and FRA, ENSCO Inc. conducted a comprehensive model verification study by comparing actual rail temperatures measured by wayside sensors installed at 23 measurement sites located across the CSX network with the rail temperatures predicted by the model based on weather forecast data over the course of spring and summer 2012. In addition to the correlation analysis, detection theory was used to evaluate the model's ability to correctly identify instances when rail temperatures are elevated above a wide range of thresholds. Detection theory provides a good way of comparing the performance of the model to the performance of the current industry practice of estimating rail temperature based on constant offsets above predicted daily peak ambient air temperatures. As a next step in order to quantify the impact of implementation of the model on CSX operations, heat slow orders issued by CSX in 2012 on 10 selected subdivisions were compared to theoretical heat slow orders generated by the model. The paper outlines the analysis approach together with correlation, detection theory and slow order comparison results. The analysis results along with investigation of past heat related track buckle derailments indicate that the railroad would benefit from adopting the rail temperature prediction model along with flexible rail temperature thresholds. The implementation of the model will have a positive impact on safety by allowing for issuing of advance heat slow orders in more accurate, effective and targeted way. C1 [Bruzek, Radim] ENSCO Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Biess, Larry; Kreisel, Leopold] CSX Transportat, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Al-Nazer, Leith] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Fed Railroad Adm, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Bruzek, R (reprint author), ENSCO Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4535-6 PY 2014 AR V001T01A014 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BD2YK UT WOS:000359389500014 ER PT B AU Mariani, S Nguyen, TV di Scalea, FL Fateh, M AF Mariani, Stefano Nguyen, Thompson V. di Scalea, Francesco Lanza Fateh, Mahmood GP ASME TI HIGH SPEED NON-CONTACT ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVE INSPECTIONS OF RAILS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME JOINT RAIL CONFERENCE, 2014 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 2014 Joint Rail Conference CY APR 02-04, 2014 CL Colorado Springs, CO SP ASME, Transportat Div ID PROPAGATION AB This paper describes a new system for high-speed and non-contact rail defect detection being developed at the University of California at San Diego (UCSD). A prototype using an ultrasonic air-coupled guided wave signal generation and air-coupled signal detection has been tested at the UCSD Rail Defect Farm. This solution presents an improvement over the previously considered laser/air-coupled hybrid system because it replaces the costly and hard-to-maintain laser with a much cheaper, faster, and easier-to-maintain air-coupled transmitter. In addition to a real-time statistical analysis algorithm, the prototype uses a specialized filtering approach to mitigate the inherently poor signal-to-noise ratio of the air-coupled ultrasonic measurements in rail steel. The laboratory results indicate that the prototype is able to detect internal rail defects with a high reliability. Various aspects of the prototype have been designed with the aid of numerical analyses. In particular, simulations of ultrasonic guided wave propagation in rails have been performed using a Local Interaction Simulation Approach (LISA) algorithm. Many of the system operating parameters were selected based on Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, which provide a quantitative manner to evaluate different detection performances based on the trade-off between detection rate and false positive rate. Extensions of the system capability are planned to add rail surface characterization to the internal rail defect detection to optimize rail grinding operations. C1 [Mariani, Stefano; Nguyen, Thompson V.; di Scalea, Francesco Lanza] Univ Calif San Diego, NDE & SHM Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Fateh, Mahmood] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Fed Railroad Adm, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Mariani, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, NDE & SHM Lab, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4535-6 PY 2014 AR V001T01A008 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BD2YK UT WOS:000359389500008 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Hydro-Environmental Analysis Freshwater Environments Introduction SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 1 EP 12 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100002 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Rivers and Streams, Characteristics SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 15 EP 45 PG 31 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100003 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Hydro-Environmental Analysis Freshwater Environments Preface SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP XVII EP XVIII PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100001 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Regulated Rivers SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 47 EP 81 PG 35 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100004 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Flows and Transport in Rivers Measurement and Analysis SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION; REQUIREMENTS; STREAMS C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 83 EP 127 PG 45 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100005 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Selected Water Quality Processes in Rivers and Streams SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN HEALTH; ANTIBIOTICS; RADIATION C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 129 EP 161 PG 33 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100006 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Biota of Rivers and Streams An Introduction SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 163 EP 184 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100007 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Measures of the Health of Rivers and Streams SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY; WATER; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; REGIMES; FISH C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 185 EP 210 PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100008 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Introduction to Stream Restoration SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID RIVER RESTORATION; DAM REMOVAL; FISH HABITAT; CHANNELS; MEANDERS; DESIGN C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 115 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 211 EP 272 PG 62 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100009 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Introduction to Lakes and Reservoirs Geomorphology and Classification SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 275 EP 288 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100010 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Those Dammed Lakes SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 289 EP 316 PG 28 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100011 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Zones and Shapes in Lakes and Reservoirs SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 317 EP 328 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100012 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Light and Heat in Lakes and Reservoirs SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 329 EP 347 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100013 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Transport and Mixing Processes in Lakes and Reservoirs SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 349 EP 365 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100014 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Chemical and Water Quality Kinetic Characteristics and Processes SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID OXYGEN-TRANSFER; SEDIMENTS; TOXICITY; DYNAMICS; MARINE; MODEL; LAKES C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 367 EP 410 PG 44 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100015 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Biota of Lakes and Reservoirs SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ANAEROBIC AMMONIUM OXIDATION; MUSSEL DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; LAMPREY PETROMYZON-MARINUS; EUROPEAN LAKES; SAGINAW BAY; HURON; NITROGEN; ERIE; SEA; EUTROPHICATION C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 411 EP 448 PG 38 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100016 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Lake Production, Succession, and Eutrophication SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WATER; INDEX C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 449 EP 466 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100017 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Restoration and Management of Lakes and Reservoirs SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EURASIAN WATERMILFOIL C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 467 EP 490 PG 24 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100018 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Dam Tailwaters SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 491 EP 507 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100019 ER PT B AU Martin, JL AF Martin, James Lenial BA Martin, JL BF Martin, JL TI Freshwater Wetlands An Introduction SO HYDRO-ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS: FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Martin, James Lenial] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US EPA, Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI USA. [Martin, James Lenial] US Army, Corps Engineers, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Martin, James Lenial] ASCI Corp, Engn, Tokyo, Japan. [Martin, James Lenial] Amer Soc Civil Engineers, New York, NY USA. RP Martin, JL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-0608-1; 978-1-4822-0607-4 PY 2014 BP 509 EP 534 PG 26 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BC7PT UT WOS:000355140100020 ER PT B AU Jones-Lepp, T AF Jones-Lepp, Tammy BE Goldstein, WE TI Occurrence, Effects, and Methods for Antibiotics and Illicit Drugs in the Environment SO PHARMACEUTICAL ACCUMULATION IN THE ENVIRONMENT: PREVENTION, CONTROL, HEALTH EFFECTS, AND ECONOMIC IMPACT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WATER TREATMENT PLANTS; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; SEWAGE-TREATMENT PLANTS; LARGE-VOLUME INJECTION; MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Jones-Lepp, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. NR 113 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-1775-2; 978-1-4665-1745-5 PY 2014 BP 43 EP 63 D2 10.1201/b17031 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology; Water Resources GA BC9LU UT WOS:000356612200005 ER PT B AU Fulton, S Wolfson, S AF Fulton, Scott Wolfson, Steve BE Percival, RV Lin, J Piermattei, W TI Strengthening national environmental governance to promote sustainable development SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AT A CROSSROADS SE IUCN Academy of Environmental Law Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Fulton, Scott] Beveridge & Diamond PC, Washington, DC USA. [Fulton, Scott] George Washington Sch Law, Int Environm Governance, Washington, DC USA. [Fulton, Scott] UNEPs Advisory Council Law Justice & Governance E, Nairobi, Kenya. [Fulton, Scott] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Wolfson, Steve] US EPA, Off Gen Counsel, Int Law Grp, Washington, DC USA. [Wolfson, Steve] Howard Univ, Sch Law, Int Environm Law, Washington, DC USA. [Wolfson, Steve] Chinese Environm Law Vermont Law Sch, Summer Programme, South Royalton, VT USA. RP Fulton, S (reprint author), Environm Law Inst, Washington, DC USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78347-085-3; 978-1-78347-084-6 J9 IUCN ACAD ENVIR LAW PY 2014 BP 13 EP 29 D2 10.4337/9781783470853 PG 17 WC Environmental Studies; Law SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law GA BC5QJ UT WOS:000353486900002 ER PT B AU Simpson, RD AF Simpson, R. David BE Nunes, PALD Kumar, P Dedeurwaerdere, T TI Ecosystem service valuation and the allocation of land SO HANDBOOK ON THE ECONOMICS OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ECONOMIC VALUE; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; FOREST C1 [Simpson, R. David] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Simpson, R. David] US EPA, Ecosyst Econ Studies, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC USA. RP Simpson, RD (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78195-151-4; 978-1-78195-150-7 PY 2014 BP 233 EP 251 D2 10.4337/9781781951514 PG 19 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BC5GW UT WOS:000353272400014 ER PT S AU Behrendt, H Alessandrini, F Buters, J Kramer, U Koren, H Ring, J AF Behrendt, Heidrun Alessandrini, Francesca Buters, Jeroen Kraemer, Ursula Koren, Hillel Ring, Johannes BE Bergmann, KC Ring, J TI Environmental Pollution and Allergy: Historical Aspects SO HISTORY OF ALLERGY SE Chemical Immunology and Allergy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID EAST-GERMANY; AIR-POLLUTION; DIESEL-EXHAUST; IGE ANTIBODY; HAY-FEVER; RESPIRATORY RESPONSES; INCREASED PREVALENCE; WEST-GERMANY; CHILDREN; SENSITIZATION AB It may be a coincidence, but it is a fact that the first clear characterization of hay fever began in England where modern industrialization started in Europe. Only at the end of the 20th century were associations of the increasing prevalence of allergy with outdoor air pollution discussed. The seminal study came from Japan from the group of T. Miyamoto linking the increase in Japanese cedar pollinosis to an increased prevalence of Diesel cars and probably exposure to Diesel exhaust in epidemiological, animal experimental and in vitro studies. In Germany first epidemiological studies were done in North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria in 1987 and 1988 showing a striking prevalence of allergic disease of up to 10-20% in preschool children. After German reunification the most surprising observation was a lower prevalence of hay fever in East German children compared to the West, although there was a much higher air pollution with SO2 and large particulate matter. Modern smog as found over West German cities most likely originating from traffic exhaust and consisting of fine and ultrafine particles was shown to be associated with higher incidence rates of allergy and allergic sensitization. In the 10 years after reunification there was a steep increase of allergy prevalence in East German children reaching almost the same level as in West Germany. Obviously, a multitude of lifestyle factors - beyond air pollution - may be involved in the explanation of this phenomenon. Surprisingly the skin manifestation of atopy, namely atopic eczema, was more frequent in East German children compared to the West, thus differing from airway allergy. Meanwhile in vitro studies and animal experiments have shown that a variety of air pollutants mostly from environmental tobacco smoke (indoors) and from traffic exhaust (outdoors) can stimulate immune cells inducing a Th2-dominated response besides their irritative effects. While 50 years ago in allergy textbooks a clear distinction was made between 'toxic' or 'allergic', the newly developed concept of allergotoxicology has stimulated research tremendously, meaning 'the investigation of effects of toxic substances upon the induction, elicitation and maintenance of allergic reactions'. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Behrendt, Heidrun; Alessandrini, Francesca; Buters, Jeroen] Tech Univ Munich, ZAUM Zentrum Allergie & Umwelt, DE-80802 Munich, Germany. [Ring, Johannes] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Dermatol & Allergol Biederstein, DE-80802 Munich, Germany. [Behrendt, Heidrun; Alessandrini, Francesca; Buters, Jeroen; Ring, Johannes] Christine Kuhne Ctr Allergy Res & Educ CK CARE, Munich, Germany. [Kraemer, Ursula] IUF Leibniz Res Inst Environm Med, Dusseldorf, Germany. [Koren, Hillel] US EPA, Durham, NC USA. RP Behrendt, H (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, ZAUM Zentrum Allergie & Umwelt, Biedersteinerstr 29, DE-80802 Munich, Germany. EM heidrun.behrendt@lrz.tum.de NR 62 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-2242 BN 978-3-318-02195-0; 978-3-318-02194-3 J9 CHEM IMMUNOL ALLERGY JI Chem. Immunol. Allergy PY 2014 VL 100 BP 268 EP 277 DI 10.1159/000359918 D2 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-02195-0 PG 10 WC Allergy; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Allergy; History & Philosophy of Science GA BC7WJ UT WOS:000355233900030 PM 24925407 ER PT B AU Venosa, AD Anastas, PT Barron, MG Conmy, RN Greenberg, MS Wilson, GJ AF Venosa, Albert D. Anastas, Paul T. Barron, Mace G. Conmy, Robyn N. Greenberg, Marc S. Wilson, Gregory J. BE Somasundaran, P Patra, P Farinato, RS Papadopoulos, K TI SCIENCE-BASED DECISION MAKING ON THE USE OF DISPERSANTS IN THE DEEPWATER HORIZON OIL SPILL SO OIL SPILL REMEDIATION: COLLOID CHEMISTRY-BASED PRINCIPLES AND SOLUTIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WAVE TANK; CRUDE-OIL; EFFECTIVENESS PROTOCOL; DROPLET SIZE; BREAKING C1 [Venosa, Albert D.] US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Anastas, Paul T.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT USA. [Barron, Mace G.; Conmy, Robyn N.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Greenberg, Marc S.; Wilson, Gregory J.] US EPA, Off Solid Waste Emergency Response, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Venosa, AD (reprint author), US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RI Anastas, Paul/L-3258-2013 OI Anastas, Paul/0000-0003-4777-5172 NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-82566-2; 978-1-118-20670-6 PY 2014 BP 1 EP 17 D2 10.1002/9781118825662 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BC5EK UT WOS:000353228100003 ER PT B AU Jackson, LP AF Jackson, Lisa Perez BE Somasundaran, P Patra, P Farinato, RS Papadopoulos, K TI OIL SPILL REMEDIATION Colloid Chemistry-Based Principles and Solutions FOREWORD SO OIL SPILL REMEDIATION: COLLOID CHEMISTRY-BASED PRINCIPLES AND SOLUTIONS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Jackson, LP (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-82566-2; 978-1-118-20670-6 PY 2014 BP VII EP VIII D2 10.1002/9781118825662 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA BC5EK UT WOS:000353228100001 ER PT B AU Simpson, RD AF Simpson, R. David BE Ninan, KN TI Limited local values and uncertain global risks in ecosystem service conservation: an example from pollinating services SO VALUING ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES AND CASE STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RAIN-FOREST; BIODIVERSITY C1 US EPA, Ecosyst Econ Studies, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Simpson, RD (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Econ Studies, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDWARD ELGAR PUBLISHING LTD PI CHELTENHAM PA GLENSANDA HOUSE, MONTPELLIER PARADE, CHELTENHAM GL50 1UA, GLOS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78195-516-1; 978-1-78195-515-4 PY 2014 BP 168 EP 185 D2 10.4337/9781781955161 PG 18 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BC5FP UT WOS:000353240100010 ER PT J AU Ahir, BK Pratten, MK AF Ahir, Bhavesh K. Pratten, Margaret K. TI Structure and function of gap junction proteins: role of gap junction proteins in embryonic heart development SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE intercellular communication; heart development; embryogenesis; teratogenicity; embryotoxicity ID GASTRULATING MOUSE EMBRYO; CARDIAC MORPHOGENETIC DEFECTS; INTER-CELLULAR COMMUNICATION; INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; MICE LACKING; RAT-HEART; PREIMPLANTATION DEVELOPMENT; CONNEXIN PHOSPHORYLATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; GENE-EXPRESSION AB Intercellular (cell-to-cell) Communication is a crucial and complex mechanism during embryonic heart development. In the cardiovascular system, the beating of the heart is a dynamic and key regulatory process, which is functionally regulated by the coordinated spread of electrical activity through heart muscle cells. Heart tissues are composed of individual cells, each bearing specialized cell surface membrane structures called gap junctions that permit the intercellular exchange of ions and low molecular weight molecules. Gap junction channels are essential in normal heart function and they assist in the mediated spread of electrical impulses that stimulate synchronized contraction (via an electrical syncytium) of cardiac tissues. This present review describes the current knowledge of gap junction biology. In the first part, we summarise some relevant biochemical and physiological properties of gap junction proteins, including their structure and function. In the second part, we review the current evidence demonstrating the role of gap junction proteins in embryonic development with particular reference to those involved in embryonic heart development. Genetics and transgenic animal studies of gap junction protein function in embryonic heart development are considered and the alteration/disruption of gap junction intercellular communication which may lead to abnormal heart development is also discussed. C1 [Ahir, Bhavesh K.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol B205 01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Pratten, Margaret K.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Life Sci, Queens Med Ctr, Nottingham NG7 2UH, England. RP Pratten, MK (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Life Sci, Queens Med Ctr, Nottingham NG7 2UH, England. EM margaret.pratten@nottingham.ac.uk FU International Office of the University of Nottingham, UK FX This work was funded by Developing Research Scholarship, from the International Office of the University of Nottingham, UK. NR 187 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU U B C PRESS PI BILBAO PA UNIV BASQUE COUNTRY, EDITORIAL SERVICES, PO BOX 1397, E-48080 BILBAO, SPAIN SN 0214-6282 EI 1696-3547 J9 INT J DEV BIOL JI Int. J. Dev. Biol. PY 2014 VL 58 IS 9 BP 649 EP 662 DI 10.1387/ijdb.140188dp PG 14 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA CH5JP UT WOS:000354072200002 PM 25896201 ER PT J AU Wang, D Green, HC Shanks, OC Boehm, AB AF Wang, Dan Green, Hyatt C. Shanks, Orin C. Boehm, Alexandria B. TI New Performance Metrics for Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Microbial Source Tracking Methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN FECAL POLLUTION; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; BACTEROIDALES GENETIC-MARKERS; WATER SAMPLES; PCR ASSAY; CONTAMINATION; QPCR; QUANTIFICATION; ENTEROCOCCI; ALPHA-1-6 AB The ability to select the best quantitative microbial source tracking method for a particular application is paramount. Binary sensitivity and specificity metrics are not adequate to describe the performance of the quantitative methods because the estimates depend on the amount of material tested and the limit of detection. We introduce a new framework for comparing the performance of quantitative fecal source identification methods. C1 [Wang, Dan; Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Environm & Water Studies, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Green, Hyatt C.; Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 473 Via Ortega,Room M08, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM vdwang@stanford.edu RI Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017 FU California State Water Resources Control Board; National Research Council FX We acknowledge Yiping Cao for providing comments on the manuscript. Funding for this project has been provided in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board. H.C.G. was supported by the National Research Council. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board and USEPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2328-8930 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECH LET JI Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 1 IS 1 BP 20 EP 25 DI 10.1021/ez400022t PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CD1JH UT WOS:000350830700005 ER PT J AU Wages, PA Silbajoris, R Speen, A Brighton, L Henriquez, A Tong, HY Bromberg, PA Simmons, SO Samet, JM AF Wages, Phillip A. Silbajoris, Robert Speen, Adam Brighton, Luisa Henriquez, Andres Tong, Haiyan Bromberg, Philip A. Simmons, Steven O. Samet, James M. TI Role of H2O2 in the oxidative effects of zinc exposure in human airway epithelial cells SO REDOX BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Zinc; H2O2; Live cell imaging; Mitochondria; Catalase; Genetically encoded redox probes ID TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE 1B; EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; HEME OXYGENASE-1; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; CANCER-CELLS; STRESS AB Human exposure to particulate matter (PM) is a global environmental health concern. Zinc (Zn2+) is a ubiquitous respiratory toxicant that has been associated with PM health effects. However, the molecular mechanism of Zn2+ toxicity is not fully understood. H2O2 and Zn2+ have been shown to mediate signaling leading to adverse cellular responses in the lung and we have previously demonstrated Zn2+ to cause cellular H2O2 production. To determine the role of Zn2+-induced H2O2 production in the human airway epithelial cell response to Zn2+ exposure. BEAS-2B cells expressing the redox-sensitive fluorogenic sensors HyPer (H2O2) or roGFP2 (E-GSH) in the cytosol or mitochondria were exposed to 50 mu M Zn2+ for 5 min in the presence of 1 mu M of the zinc ionophore pyrithione. Intracellular H2O2 levels were modulated using catalase expression either targeted to the cytosol or ectopically to the mitochondria. HO-1 mRNA expression was measured as a downstream marker of response to oxidative stress induced by Zn2+ exposure. Both cytosolic catalase overexpression and ectopic catalase expression in mitochondria were effective in ablating Zn2+-induced elevations in H2O2. Compartment-directed catalase expression blunted Zn2+-induced elevations in cytosolic E-GSH and the increased expression of HO-1 mRNA levels. Zn2+ leads to multiple oxidative effects that are exerted through H2O2-dependent and independent mechanisms. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wages, Phillip A.; Speen, Adam; Henriquez, Andres] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Silbajoris, Robert; Tong, Haiyan; Samet, James M.] US EPA, EPHD, NHEERL, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Brighton, Luisa; Bromberg, Philip A.] Univ N Carolina, CEMALB, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Simmons, Steven O.] US EPA, ISTD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), US EPA, EPHD, NHEERL, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Samet.James@epa.gov OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU NIEHS Toxicology Training Grant [T32 ES007126]; UNC-EPA Training Agreement [CR-83515201-0] FX PAW was supported as a predoctoral candidate in part by NIEHS Toxicology Training Grant, T32 ES007126 and UNC-EPA Training Agreement, CR-83515201-0. The authors are grateful to Dr. A. Rappold for statistical consultation. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2213-2317 J9 REDOX BIOL JI Redox Biol. PY 2014 VL 3 BP 47 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.redox.2014.104405 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA CD1CW UT WOS:000350812500007 PM 25462065 ER PT S AU Leahy, J Mendelsohn, M Kough, J Jones, R Berckes, N AF Leahy, John Mendelsohn, Mike Kough, John Jones, Russell Berckes, Nicole BE Gross, AD Coats, JR Duke, SO Seiber, JN TI Biopesticide Oversight and Registration at the US Environmental Protection Agency SO BIOPESTICIDES: STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc AB The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is committed to encouraging the development and use of biopesticides and considers them inherently reduced-risk pesticides. Biopesticides (microbial pesticides, biochemical pesticides, and plant-incorporated protectants) are required to be evaluated by EPA. The Agency must make findings of "no unreasonable adverse effects" to man and the environment to support its registration decision to permit sale and distribution under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), as well as a "reasonable certainty of no harm" under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) to permit residues in food and/or feed. This chapter will review areas including how EPA views the benefits of biopesticides, related laws and legal requirements, biopesticide registration, and biopesticide data requirements. EPA's commitment to low risk biological pesticides as alternatives to conventional chemical pesticides will also be emphasized. C1 [Leahy, John; Mendelsohn, Mike; Kough, John; Jones, Russell; Berckes, Nicole] Biopesticides & Pollut Prevent Div, Environm Protect Agcy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Leahy, J (reprint author), Biopesticides & Pollut Prevent Div, Environm Protect Agcy, 7511P,1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM mendelsohn.mike@epa.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2998-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1172 BP 3 EP 18 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA BC0WS UT WOS:000349722900001 ER PT S AU Virkutyte, J Varma, RS AF Virkutyte, Jurate Varma, Rajender S. BE Sharma, VK Chang, SM Doong, RA Wu, CH TI Greener and Sustainable Remediation Using Iron Nanomaterials SO GREEN CATALYSTS FOR ENERGY TRANSFORMATION AND EMISSION CONTROL SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Green Catalysts for Energy Transformation and Emission Control / 246th American-Chemical-Society National Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Environm Chem Inc ID ZERO-VALENT IRON; PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS; ZVI-CLAY REMEDIATION; IN-SITU REMEDIATION; SOLVENT SOURCE ZONE; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES; WASTE-WATER; SIMULTANEOUS ADSORPTION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION AB The main goal of remediation is to protect humans and the environment. Unfortunately, many remedial actions in the past concentrated more on site-specific environmental risks and conditions completely ignoring external social and economic impacts. Thus, new approach called green sustainable remediation (GSR) has to be adopted throughout industry. One of the significant factors that make remedial actions successful is green and sustainable catalyst that makes remediation process implementation cheaper and effective. Nanoparticles (e.g. Zero Valent Iron, ZVI) has a potential to not only reduce the costs of the cleanup but also significantly reduce remediation time, eliminate or at least significantly minimize the need for treatment and disposal of dredged soil due to applications in situ. This chapter presents information on GSR, provides examples of catalyst preparation and real scale applications with details. C1 [Virkutyte, Jurate] Hammontree & Associates Ltd, North Canton, OH 44720 USA. [Varma, Rajender S.] NRMRL, US Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Virkutyte, J (reprint author), Hammontree & Associates Ltd, North Canton, OH 44720 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.org NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3014-9 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1184 BP 1 EP + PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BC0ZW UT WOS:000349885100001 ER PT S AU Vaddula, BR Yalla, S Gonzalez, MA AF Vaddula, Buchi Reddy Yalla, Swathi Gonzalez, Michael A. BE Obare, SO Luque, R TI Opportunities for the Replacement/Minimization of Selective Hazardous Solvents: Applications, Concerns and Approaches To Identify Alternatives SO GREEN TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE ENVIRONMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION; SOLID-STATE; PHARMACEUTICAL-INDUSTRY; MICROWAVE IRRADIATION; COUPLING REACTIONS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; IONIC LIQUIDS; AMINO ESTERS; GLYCEROL AB The use of hazardous organic solvents in large-scale processes or at the individual user-scale has had tremendous impacts on our environment and human health. To address this, several governmental treaties and regulations have been enacted to minimize the effects of harmful chemical exposure to workers, consumers, and the environment. Additionally, the scientific community has been persistently engaged to provide solutions to these challenges by establishing guidelines, developing alternate methodologies and technologies, and promoting collaborations to reduce or eliminate solvent usage. This chapter details the use of solvents and the methodologies being developed and adopted to tackle these issues. C1 [Vaddula, Buchi Reddy] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yalla, Swathi] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Vaddula, Buchi Reddy; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Vaddula, BR (reprint author), ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM gonzalez.michael@epa.gov NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3018-7 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1186 BP 69 EP 113 D2 10.1021/bk-2014-1186 PG 45 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering GA BC0ZI UT WOS:000349873600005 ER PT S AU Amann, A Miekisch, W Schubert, J Buszewski, B Ligor, T Jezierski, T Pleil, J Risby, T AF Amann, Anton Miekisch, Wolfram Schubert, Jochen Buszewski, Boguslaw Ligor, Tomasz Jezierski, Tadeusz Pleil, Joachim Risby, Terence BE Cooks, RG Pemberton, JE TI Analysis of Exhaled Breath for Disease Detection SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 7 SE Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE gas chromatography; proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry; ion mobility spectrometry; laser spectrometry; personalized medicine; human exposome; preclinical effects; environmental health ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; MEDIATED LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; MOSQUITO AEDES-AEGYPTI; CANINE SCENT DETECTION; TRAP MICRO-EXTRACTION AB Breath analysis is a young field of research with great clinical potential. As a result of this interest, researchers have developed new analytical techniques that permit real-time analysis of exhaled breath with breath-to-breath resolution in addition to the conventional central laboratory methods using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Breath tests are based on endogenously produced volatiles, metabolites of ingested precursors, metabolites produced by bacteria in the gut or the airways, or volatiles appearing after environmental exposure. The composition of exhaled breath may contain valuable information for patients presenting with asthma, renal and liver diseases, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammatory lung disease, or metabolic disorders. In addition, oxidative stress status may be monitored via volatile products of lipid peroxidation. Measurement of enzyme activity provides phenotypic information important in personalized medicine, whereas breath measurements provide insight into perturbations of the human exposome and can be interpreted as preclinical signals of adverse outcome pathways. C1 [Amann, Anton] Univ Innsbruck, Breath Res Inst, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria. [Amann, Anton] Med Univ Innsbruck, Univ Clin Anesthesia, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Miekisch, Wolfram; Schubert, Jochen] Univ Rostock, Dept Anaesthesiol & Intens Care, D-18057 Rostock, Germany. [Buszewski, Boguslaw; Ligor, Tomasz] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Dept Environm Chem & Bioanalyt, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Jezierski, Tadeusz] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Anim Breeding, Dept Anim Behav, PL-05552 Magdalenka, Poland. [Pleil, Joachim] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. [Risby, Terence] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Amann, A (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Breath Res Inst, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria. EM anton.amann@i-med.ac.at; wolfram.miekisch@medizin.uni-rostock.de; jochen.schubert@uni-rostock.de; bbusz@chem.uni.torun.pl; msd2501@chem.umk.pl; t.jezierski@ighz.pl; pleil.joachim@epa.gov; trisby1@jhu.edu RI Jezierski, T./F-8614-2010; Buszewski, Boguslaw/A-3187-2009; Schubert, Jochen/F-4788-2016 OI Jezierski, T./0000-0003-3891-9058; Schubert, Jochen/0000-0002-0956-9506 NR 211 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 53 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1936-1327 BN 978-0-8243-4407-8 J9 ANNU REV ANAL CHEM JI Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. PY 2014 VL 7 BP 455 EP 482 DI 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071213-020043 D2 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062012-092557 PG 28 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA BB9KY UT WOS:000348429100021 PM 25014347 ER PT J AU Batterman, S Ganguly, R Isakov, V Burke, J Arunachalam, S Snyder, M Robins, T Lewis, T AF Batterman, Stuart Ganguly, Rajiv Isakov, Vlad Burke, Janet Arunachalam, Saravanan Snyder, Michelle Robins, Thomas Lewis, Toby TI Dispersion Modeling of Traffic-Related Air Pollutant Exposures and Health Effects Among Children with Asthma in Detroit, Michigan SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID INDUSTRIAL SOURCE APPLICATIONS; NEAR-ROAD; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; QUALITY; FORMULATION; EMISSIONS; DOWNWIND; RALEIGH; AERMOD AB Vehicular traffic is a major source of ambient air pollution in urban areas. Traffic-related air pollutants, including carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter less than 2.5 mu m in diameter, and diesel exhaust emissions, have been associated with adverse human health effects, especially in areas near major roads. In addition to emissions from vehicles, ambient concentrations of air pollutants include contributions from stationary sources and background (or regional) sources. Although dispersion models have been widely used to evaluate air quality strategies and policies and can represent the spatial and temporal variation in environments near roads, the use of these models in health studies to estimate air pollutant exposures has been relatively limited. This paper summarizes the modeling system used to estimate exposures in the Near-Roadway Exposure and Urban Air Pollutant Study, an epidemiological study that examined 139 children with asthma or symptoms consistent with asthma, most of whom lived near major roads in Detroit, Michigan. Air pollutant concentrations were estimated with a hybrid modeling framework that included detailed inventories of mobile and stationary sources on local and regional scales; the RLINE, AERMOD, and CMAQ dispersion models; and monitored observations of pollutant concentrations. The temporal and spatial variability in emissions and exposures over the 2.5-year study period and at more than 300 home and school locations was characterized. The paper highlights issues with the development and understanding of the significance of traffic-related exposures through the use of dispersion models in urban-scale exposure assessments and epidemiology studies. C1 [Batterman, Stuart; Ganguly, Rajiv; Robins, Thomas] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Isakov, Vlad; Burke, Janet; Snyder, Michelle] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Arunachalam, Saravanan] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27711 USA. [Lewis, Toby] Univ Michigan, Dept Pediat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Batterman, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, 1425 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM stuartb@umich.edu RI Ganguly, Rajiv /E-1199-2015 OI Ganguly, Rajiv /0000-0001-5356-1635 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors thank Alan Vette, Gamy Norris, Steve Perry, and Dave Heist of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Laprisha Berry Vaughn, Sonya Grant, Chris Godwin, Graciela Mentz, Xiaodan Ren, Irme Cuadros, and other staff of the University of Michigan; and Brian Naess, Mohammad Omary, Kevin Talgo, Alejandro Valencia, Yasuyuki Akita, and Marc Serre of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The authors are grateful to the NEXUS participants and their families who assisted with the collection of these data. Community Action Against Asthma is a community-based participatory research partnership aimed at investigating the influence of environmental factors on childhood asthma. The authors acknowledge the contributions of all partners involved in this collaborative effort: the Arab Community Center for Economic and Social Services, the Community Health and Social Services Center, the Detroit Department of Health and Wellness Promotion, the Detroit Hispanic Development Corporation, Detroiters Working for Environmental Justice, Friends of Parkside, Latino Family Services, Southwest Detroit Environmental Vision, the Warren/Conner Development Coalition, the Institute for Population Health, and the University of Michigan Schools of Public Health and Medicine. The study was conducted with the support of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded the research described here. The research has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 25 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2014 IS 2452 BP 105 EP 113 DI 10.3141/2452-13 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA CB2YR UT WOS:000349494900014 PM 26139957 ER PT J AU Jaoui, M Lewandowski, M Docherty, K Offenberg, JH Kleindienst, TE AF Jaoui, M. Lewandowski, M. Docherty, K. Offenberg, J. H. Kleindienst, T. E. TI Atmospheric oxidation of 1,3-butadiene: characterization of gas and aerosol reaction products and implications for PM2.5 SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; ISOPRENE-DERIVED ORGANOSULFATES; ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HIGH-NOX CONDITIONS; UNITED-STATES; 2-METHYLGLYCERIC ACID; AMBIENT AEROSOLS; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; MOTOR-VEHICLES AB Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was generated by irradiating 1,3-butadiene (13BD) in the presence of H2O2 or NOx. Experiments were conducted in a smog chamber operated in either flow or batch mode. A filter/denuder sampling system was used for simultaneously collecting gas- and particle-phase products. The chemical composition of the gas phase and SOA was analyzed using derivative-based methods (BSTFA, BSTFA + PFBHA, or DNPH) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the derivative compounds. The analysis showed the occurrence of more than 60 oxygenated organic compounds in the gas and particle phases, of which 31 organic monomers were tentatively identified. The major identified products include glyceric acid, d-threitol, erythritol, d-threonic acid, meso-threonic acid, erythrose, malic acid, tartaric acid, and carbonyls including glycolaldehyde, glyoxal, acrolein, malonaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, and peroxyacryloyl nitrate (APAN). Some of these were detected in ambient PM2.5 samples, and could potentially serve as organic markers of 13BD. Furthermore, a series of oligoesters were detected and found to be produced through chemical reactions occurring in the aerosol phase between compounds bearing alcoholic groups and compounds bearing acidic groups. SOA was analyzed for organic mass to organic carbon (OM / OC) ratio, effective enthalpy of vaporization (Delta H-vap(eff)), and aerosol yield. The average OM / OC ratio and SOA density were 2.7 +/- 0.09 and 1.2 +/- 0.05, respectively. The average Delta H-vap(eff) was -26.08 +/- 1.46 kJ mol(-1), a value lower than that of isoprene SOA. The average laboratory SOA yield measured in this study at aerosol mass concentrations be-tween 22.5 and 140.2 mu m(-3) was 0.025 +/- 0.011, a value consistent with the literature (0.021-0.178). While the focus of this study has been examination of the particle-phase measurements, the gas-phase photooxidation products have also been examined. The contribution of SOA products from 13BD oxidation to ambient PM2.5 was investigated by analyzing a series of ambient PM2.5 samples collected in several locations around the United States. In addition to the occurrence of several organic compounds in field and laboratory samples, glyceric acid, d threitol, erythritol, erythrose, and threonic acid were found to originate only from the oxidation of 13BD based on our previous experiments involving chamber oxidation of a series of hydrocarbons. Initial attempts have been made to quantify the concentrations of these compounds. The average concentrations of these compounds in ambient PM2.5 samples from the California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) study ranged from 0 to approximately 14.1 ng m(-3). The occurrence of several other compounds in both laboratory and field samples suggests that SOA originating from 13BD oxidation could contribute to the ambient aerosol mainly in areas with high 13BD emission rates. C1 [Jaoui, M.; Docherty, K.] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Lewandowski, M.; Offenberg, J. H.; Kleindienst, T. E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Jaoui, M (reprint author), Alion Sci & Technol, POB 12313, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM jaoui.mohammed@epa.gov RI Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009 OI Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024 FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-10-070] FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-10-070 to Alion Science and Technology. The manuscript has been subjected to external peer review and has been cleared for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 50 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 24 BP 13681 EP 13704 DI 10.5194/acp-14-13681-2014 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AZ0TI UT WOS:000347957100014 ER PT B AU Weaver, K Sadler, T AF Weaver, Kerryann Sadler, Tom BE Taylor, WW Lynch, AJ Leonard, NJ TI Fly-Fishing for the Future: How the Michigan State University Fly Gals Are Mentoring Future Conservation Leaders SO FUTURE OF FISHERIES: PERSPECTIVES FOR EMERGING PROFESSIONALS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Weaver, Kerryann] US EPA, Water Div, Watersheds & Wetlands Branch WW16J, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Sadler, Tom] Outdoor Writers Assoc Amer, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Weaver, K (reprint author), US EPA, Water Div, Watersheds & Wetlands Branch WW16J, Reg 5,77 West Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. EM kewaco@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA BN 978-1-934874-38-7 PY 2014 BP 383 EP 389 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA BB8DW UT WOS:000346453500059 ER PT J AU Rose, LJ Rice, EW AF Rose, L. J. Rice, E. W. TI Inactivation of bacterial biothreat agents in water, a review SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE biothreat agents; drinking water; Tier 1 agents; water disinfection; water treatment ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES; CHLORINE DIOXIDE INACTIVATION; BURKHOLDERIA-PSEUDOMALLEI; LEGIONELLA-PNEUMOPHILA; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; POTABLE-WATER; ENHANCED DECONTAMINATION; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM; ANTHRACIS STERNE; SELECT AGENTS AB Water supplies and water distribution systems have been identified as potential targets for contamination by bacterial biothreat agents. Since the 2001 Bacillus anthracis bioterrorist attacks, additional efforts have been aimed at research to characterize biothreat organisms in regards to their susceptibility to disinfectants and technologies currently in use for potable water. Here, we present a review of research relevant to disinfection of bacteria with the potential to pose a severe threat to public health and safety, and their potential surrogates. The efficacy of chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and ultraviolet light to inactivate each organism in suspension is described. The complexities of disinfection under varying water conditions and when the organisms are associated with biofilms in distribution systems are discussed. C1 [Rose, L. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rice, E. W.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Rose, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lrose@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 29 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PY 2014 VL 12 IS 4 BP 618 EP 633 DI 10.2166/wh.2014.038 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA CA0FR UT WOS:000348592800002 PM 25473971 ER PT B AU Drayton, B AF Drayton, Bill BE Colombano, J Shah, A TI Breaking through on Job Creation SO LEARNING FROM THE WORLD: NEW IDEAS TO REDEVELOP AMERICA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Drayton, Bill] Ashoka Innovators Publ, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Drayton, Bill] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Drayton, B (reprint author), Ashoka Innovators Publ, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PALGRAVE PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-137-37213-0; 978-1-137-37212-3 PY 2014 BP 51 EP 53 PG 3 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA BB8HK UT WOS:000346592800005 ER PT J AU Rodrigo, L Blanco, I Bobes, J de Serres, FJ AF Rodrigo, Luis Blanco, Ignacio Bobes, Julio de Serres, Frederick J. TI Effect of one year of a gluten-free diet on the clinical evolution of irritable bowel syndrome plus fibromyalgia in patients with associated lymphocytic enteritis: a case-control study SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTITISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE ANTIBODIES; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; VISUAL ANALOG SCALES; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CELIAC-DISEASE; SENSITIVE ENTEROPATHY; INTRAEPITHELIAL LYMPHOCYTES; SPANISH VERSION; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS; MILD ENTEROPATHY AB Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), lymphocytic enteritis (LE) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) are three common disorders. Since a gluten-free diet (GFD) has been shown to be helpful in LE, we aimed to assess its effect in a series of LE patients also diagnosed with IBS and FMS. Methods: The study sample comprised 97 IBS plus FMS adult females, of whom 58 had LE (Marsh stage 1), and 39 had a normal duodenal biopsy (Marsh stage 0). All patients fulfilled the Rome III and American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria. All participants followed a GFD, the effectiveness of which was assessed by changes in the results of several tests, including those of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), tender points (TPs), the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) for gastrointestinal complaints, pain and fatigue. Results: At baseline, all patients had a poor quality of life (QoL) and high VAS scores. After one year on a GFD, all outcome measures were somewhat better in the Marsh stage 1 group, with a mean decrease of 26 to 29% in the TPs, FIQ, HAQ and VAS scales, accompanied by an increase of 27% in the SF-36 physical and mental component scores. However, in the IBS plus FMS/Marsh stage 0 group, the GFD had almost no effect. Conclusions: This pilot study shows that a GFD in the LE-related IBS/FMS subgroup of patients can produce a slight but significant improvement in all symptoms. Our findings suggest that further studies of this subject are warranted. C1 [Rodrigo, Luis] Cent Univ Hosp Asturias HUCA, Oviedo 33006, Asturias, Spain. [Blanco, Ignacio] FICYT, Biomed Res Off Principal Asturias, Oviedo 33009, Asturias, Spain. [Bobes, Julio] Univ Oviedo, CIBERSAM, Dept Med, Psychiat Area, E-33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. [de Serres, Frederick J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Rodrigo, L (reprint author), Cent Univ Hosp Asturias HUCA, Celestino Villamil S-N, Oviedo 33006, Asturias, Spain. EM lrodrigosaez@gmail.com NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 EI 1478-6362 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 AR 421 DI 10.1186/s13075-014-0421-4 PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA AX7EJ UT WOS:000347079500040 PM 25160886 ER PT B AU Tzanakakis, VA Koo-Oshima, S Haddad, M Apostolidis, N Angelakis, AN AF Tzanakakis, V. A. Koo-Oshima, S. Haddad, M. Apostolidis, N. Angelakis, A. N. BE Angelakis, AN Rose, JB TI The history of land application and hydroponic systems for wastewater treatment and reuse SO EVOLUTION OF SANITATION AND WASTEWATER TECHNOLOGIES THROUGH THE CENTURIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL PROPERTIES; EFFLUENT; DISPOSAL; CULTURE; PLANTS C1 [Tzanakakis, V. A.] Reg Crete, Agr Serv, Iraklion, Greece. [Koo-Oshima, S.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Haddad, M.] An Najah Natl Univ, Water & Environm Studies Inst, Dept Civil Engn, Nablus, Israel. [Angelakis, A. N.] Natl Fdn Agr Res NAGREF, Inst Iraklion, Iraklion 71307, Greece. RP Tzanakakis, VA (reprint author), Reg Crete, Agr Serv, Iraklion, Greece. EM vetzanakakis@cyta.gr; Koo-Oshima.Sasha@epamail.epa.gov; haddadm@najah.edu; napost13@gmail.com; info@a-angelakis.gr NR 94 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H 0QS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-78040-485-1; 978-1-78040-484-4 PY 2014 BP 457 EP 479 PG 23 WC Engineering, Environmental; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB8KZ UT WOS:000346783100025 ER PT J AU Yu, H Ortega, J Smith, JN Guenther, AB Kanawade, VP You, Y Liu, YY Hosman, K Karl, T Seco, R Geron, C Pallardy, SG Gu, LH Mikkila, J Lee, SH AF Yu, Huan Ortega, John Smith, James N. Guenther, Alex B. Kanawade, V. P. You, Yi Liu, Yiying Hosman, Kevin Karl, Thomas Seco, Roger Geron, Chris Pallardy, Stephen G. Gu, Lianhong Mikkila, Jyri Lee, Shan-Hu TI New Particle Formation and Growth in an Isoprene-Dominated Ozark Forest: From Sub-5 nm to CCN-Active Sizes SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; NUCLEATION MODE PARTICLES; BOREAL FOREST; FORMATION EVENTS; SULFURIC-ACID; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; NUMBER CONCENTRATIONS; OH CONCENTRATIONS; NORTHERN FINLAND AB Particle Investigations at a Northern Ozarks Tower: NOx, Oxidant, Isoprene Research (PINOT NOIR) were conducted in a Missouri forest dominated by isoprene emissions from May to October 2012. This study presents results of new particle formation (NPF) and the growth of new particles to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN)-active sizes (similar to 100 nm) observed during this field campaign. The measured sub-5 nm particles were up to similar to 20,000 cm(-3) during a typical NPF event. Nucleation rates J(1) were relatively high (11.0 +/- 10.6 cm(-3) s(-1)), and one order of magnitude higher than formation rates of 5 nm particles (J(5)). Sub-5 nm particle formation events were observed during 64% of measurement days, with a high preference in biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs)- and SO2-poor northwesterly (90%) air masses than in BVOCs-rich southerly air masses (13%). About 80% of sub-5 nm particle events led to the further growth. While high temperatures and high aerosol loadings in the southerly air masses were not favorable for nucleation, high BVOCs in the southerly air masses facilitated the growth of new particles to CCN-active sizes. In overall, 0.4-9.4% of the sub-5 nm particles grew to CCN-active sizes within each single NPF event. During a regional NPF event period that took place consecutively over several days, concentrations of CCN size particles increased by a factor of 4.7 in average. This enhanced production of CCN particles from new particles was commonly observed during all 13 regional NPF events during the campaign period. C1 [Yu, Huan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Yu, Huan; You, Yi; Liu, Yiying; Lee, Shan-Hu] Kent State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Ortega, John; Smith, James N.; Seco, Roger] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Smith, James N.] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Appl Phys, Kuopio, Finland. [Guenther, Alex B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Guenther, Alex B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kanawade, V. P.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Kanawade, V. P.] Indian Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Liu, Yiying] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Hosman, Kevin; Pallardy, Stephen G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MT USA. [Karl, Thomas] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Meteorol & Geophys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Seco, Roger] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. [Geron, Chris] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC USA. [Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mikkila, Jyri] AirModus, Helsinki, Finland. RP Yu, H (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM hyu@nuist.edu.cn; slee19@kent.edu RI Seco, Roger/F-7124-2011; Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014; Smith, James/C-5614-2008 OI Seco, Roger/0000-0002-2078-9956; Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426; Kanawade, Vijay/0000-0001-5611-3029; Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738; Smith, James/0000-0003-4677-8224 FU NSF [AGS-1137821, AGS 1241498, 0919317]; NCAR ASP Faculty Sabbatical Program; NSFC [41405116]; NSF of Jiangsu Province [BK20140989]; Finnish Academy [251007]; DOE [DE-SC0006861]; Fundacion Ramon Areces FX Shan-Hu Lee acknowledges funding support from NSF (AGS-1137821; AGS 1241498) and NCAR ASP Faculty Sabbatical Program. Huan Yu acknowledges funding support from NSFC 41405116 and NSF of Jiangsu Province BK20140989. James N. Smith acknowledges funding from the Finnish Academy Grant No. 251007, DOE Grant Number DE-SC0006861, and NSF grant 0919317. Roger Seco was partially supported by a postdoctoral grant from Fundacion Ramon Areces. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is supported by the NSF. NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 27 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 48 IS 12 BP 1285 EP 1298 DI 10.1080/02786826.2014.984801 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AW6OH UT WOS:000346388200011 ER PT J AU Wong, C Rylko, M AF Wong, Cecilia Rylko, Michael TI Health of the Salish Sea as measured using transboundary ecosystem indicators SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ecosystem health; transboundary indicators; Georgia Basin Puget Sound; Strait of Georgia; Juan de Fuca Strait; Puget Sound AB The Salish Sea ecosystem is a transboundary area of ecological, social, and economic significance shared by Canada and the United States. Accordingly, the United States Environmental Protection Agency and Environment Canada have committed to cross-border collaboration on Salish Sea issues. The transboundary ecosystem indicators project was established to support knowledge sharing and to identify common priorities for action. Mixed trends were observed among ecosystem indicators, reflecting the complexity of the system. Improvements were demonstrated among indicators of air quality, freshwater quality, and toxics in the food web. Declining trends were observed among indicators of marine water quality, marine species at risk, Chinook Salmon, and summer stream flow. Variable or neutral trends were observed among indicators of southern resident Killer Whale abundance, access to Shellfish beaches, and access to swimming beaches. While the indicators represent separate ecosystem components, including air, water, species condition, and human wellbeing, these indicators are interrelated through biophysical cycles. Methods and results of tracking transboundary ecosystem indicators are presented to facilitate the identification of primary drivers and pressures of observed trends, and responses that have had positive results on a site specific basis. C1 [Wong, Cecilia] Environm Canada, Vancouver, BC V6C 3S5, Canada. [Rylko, Michael] US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Wong, C (reprint author), Environm Canada, 201-401 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6C 3S5, Canada. EM cecilia.wong@ec.gc.ca NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 EI 1539-4077 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2014 VL 17 IS 4 BP 463 EP 471 DI 10.1080/14634988.2014.980209 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AW7CX UT WOS:000346423200017 ER PT J AU Billmire, M French, NHF Loboda, T Owen, RC Tyner, M AF Billmire, Michael French, Nancy H. F. Loboda, Tatiana Owen, R. Chris Tyner, Marlene TI Santa Ana winds and predictors of wildfire progression in southern California SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE chaparral; fire spread; generalised linear model; relative humidity; wind speed ID FIRE SPREAD; BEHAVIOR; SHRUBLANDS; FUELS; EVENTS; REGIMES; MODEL; MODIS AB Santa Ana winds have been implicated as a major driver of large wildfires in southern California. While numerous anecdotal reports exist, there is little quantitative analysis in peer-reviewed literature on how this weather phenomenon influences fire progression rates. We analysed fire progression within 158 fire events in southern California as a function of meteorologically defined Santa Ana conditions between 2001 and 2009. Our results show quantitatively that burned area per day is 3.5-4.5 times larger on Santa Ana days than on non-Santa Ana days. Santa Ana definition parameters (relative humidity, wind speed) along with other predictor variables (air temperature, fuel temperature, 10-h fuel moisture, population density, slope, fuel loading, previous-day burn perimeter) were tested individually and in combination for correlation with subsets of daily burned area. Relative humidity had the most consistently strong correlation with burned area per day. Gust and peak wind speed had a strong positive correlation with burned area per day particularly within subsets of burned area representing only the first day of a fire,. 500 ha burned areas, and on Santa Ana days. The suite of variables comprising the best-fit generalised linear model for predicting burned area (R-2 = 0.41) included relative humidity, peak wind speed, previous-day burn perimeter and two binary indicators for first and last day of a fire event. C1 [Billmire, Michael; French, Nancy H. F.; Owen, R. Chris; Tyner, Marlene] Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Loboda, Tatiana] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Owen, R. Chris] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Billmire, M (reprint author), Michigan Tech Res Inst, 3600 Green Court Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM michael.billmire@mtu.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health FX This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, one of the National Institutes of Health. We thank L. Giglio (University of Maryland) for access to preliminary versions of the MODIS MCD64A1 dataset. This study was made possible in part due to the data made available by the governmental agencies, commercial firms and educational institutions participating in MesoWest. We thank the anonymous reviewers of a previous submitted version of this paper. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2014 VL 23 IS 8 BP 1119 EP 1129 DI 10.1071/WF13046 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AW5TM UT WOS:000346336700007 ER PT J AU Berland, A Hopton, ME AF Berland, Adam Hopton, Matthew E. TI Comparing street tree assemblages and associated stormwater benefits among communities in metropolitan Cincinnati, Ohio, USA SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING LA English DT Article DE Basal area; I-Tree Streets; Municipal street trees; Stormwater interception; Urban forest structure ID URBAN FOREST STRUCTURE; FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; CANOPY COVER; VEGETATION; MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS; CANADA AB Green infrastructure approaches leverage vegetation and soil to improve environmental quality. Municipal street trees are crucial components of urban green infrastructure because they provide stormwater interception benefits and other ecosystem services. Thus, it is important to understand the patterns and drivers of structural heterogeneity in urban street tree assemblages. In this study, we compared the forest structure of street trees across nine communities along both geographic and demographic gradients in metropolitan Cincinnati, Ohio: USA. Specifically, we used a two-part statistical model to compare both the proportion of sampled street segments containing zero trees, and basal area magnitude for street segments with trees. We made community-scale comparisons based on street tree management, socioeconomics, and geographic setting. Then, using modeled stormwater interception estimates from i-Tree Streets, we investigated the implications of heterogeneity in street tree assemblages for stormwater interception benefits. The forest structure of street trees varied across communities in relation to management practices, namely participation in the Tree City USA program. As a consequence of this structural difference, we observed a stark discrepancy in estimated stormwater interception between Tree City USA participants (128.7 m(3)/km street length) and non-participants (59.2 m(3)/km street length). While street tree assemblages did not vary by community poverty status, we did find differences according to community racial composition: In contrast to previous research, basal area was greater in predominantly black (i.e., African American) and racially mixed communities than in predominantly white communities. We did not observe structural differences across geographic strata. This research underscores the importance of proactive management practices for increasing the forest structure of street trees. Our findings regarding socioeconomics and geographic setting contrast previous studies, suggesting the need for continued research into the drivers of structural heterogeneity in street tree assemblages. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Berland, Adam; Hopton, Matthew E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Sustainable Environm Branch, Sustainable Technol Div,Natl Risk Management Res, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Hopton, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Sustainable Environm Branch, Sustainable Technol Div,Natl Risk Management Res, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hopton.matthew@epa.gov RI Berland, Adam/E-3639-2013; OI Berland, Adam/0000-0003-0473-6405; Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 NR 50 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1618-8667 J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE JI Urban For. Urban Green. PY 2014 VL 13 IS 4 BP 734 EP 741 DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2014.06.004 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies GA AW8ZF UT WOS:000346547000016 ER PT J AU Kertesz, R Green, OO Shuster, WD AF Kertesz, Ruben Green, Olivia Odom Shuster, William D. TI Modeling the hydrologic and economic efficacy of stormwater utility credit programs for US single family residences SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE citizen stormwater management; economic incentive; EPA National Stormwater Calculator; green infrastructure; stormwater utility ID MANAGEMENT AB As regulatory pressure to reduce the environmental impact of urban stormwater intensifies, US municipalities increasingly seek a dedicated source of funding for stormwater programs, such as a stormwater utility. In rare instances, single family residences are eligible for utility discounts for installing green infrastructure. This study examined the hydrologic and economic efficacy of four such programs at the parcel scale: Cleveland (OH), Portland (OR), Fort Myers (FL), and Lynchburg (VA). Simulations were performed to model the reduction in stormwater runoff by implementing bioretention on a typical residential property according to extant administrative rules. The EPA National Stormwater Calculator was used to perform pre- vs post-retrofit comparisons and to demonstrate its ease of use for possible use by other cities in utility planning. Although surface slope, soil type and infiltration rate, impervious area, and bioretention parameters were different across cities, our results suggest that modeled runoff volume was most sensitive to percent of total impervious area that drained to the bioretention cell, with soil type the next most important factor. Findings also indicate a persistent gap between the percentage of annual runoff reduced and the percentage of fee reduced. C1 [Kertesz, Ruben; Green, Olivia Odom; Shuster, William D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Kertesz, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM kertesz.ruben@epa.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 22 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0273-1223 EI 1996-9732 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 2014 VL 70 IS 11 BP 1746 EP 1754 DI 10.2166/wst.2014.255 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AW6OM UT WOS:000346388700005 PM 25500463 ER PT J AU Painter, K McConnell, ER Sahasrabudhe, S Burgoon, L Powers, CM AF Painter, Kyle McConnell, Emma R. Sahasrabudhe, Samir Burgoon, Lyle Powers, Christina M. TI What Do the Data Show? Knowledge Map Development for Comprehensive Environmental Assessment SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Knowledge maps; Data visualization; Data gaps; Engineered nanomaterials; Comprehensive environmental assessment AB Environmental and human health risk assessments benefit from using data that cross multiple scientific domains. Although individual data points may often be readily understood, the total picture can be difficult to envision. This is especially true with gaps in the data (e.g., with emerging substances such as engineered nanomaterials [ENM]), such that simply presenting only known information can result in a skewed picture. This study describes a method for building knowledge maps (KM) to visually summarize factors relevant to risk assessment in a relatively easy to interpret format. The KMs were created in the context of the comprehensive environmental assessment (CEA) approach for research planning and risk management of environmental contaminants. Recent applications of CEA to emerging substances such as engineered nanomaterials that have numerous data gaps have suggested that a more visually based depiction of information would improve the approach. We developed KM templates as a pilot project, to represent pertinent aspects of conceptual domains, and to highlight gaps in available information for one particular portion of a specific CEA application: the comparison of environmental transport, transformation, and fate of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and decabromodiphenyl ether as flame retardants. The results are 3 KM templates representing Physical Properties, Transport, and Transformation. The 3 templates were applied to both substances, resulting in a total of 6 KMs. In addition to presenting the KMs, this paper details the process used to generate them, to aid KM development for other sections of CEA applied to MWCNTs, or to apply the process to new CEA applications. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:37-47. (c) 2013 SETAC RP Burgoon, L (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM burgoon.lyle@epa.gov OI Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1551-3777 EI 1551-3793 J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 10 IS 1 BP 37 EP 47 DI 10.1002/ieam.1486 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 279BM UT WOS:000328934100006 PM 24327299 ER PT J AU Saulters, OS AF Saulters, Oral S. TI Undam It? Klamath Tribes, Social Ecological Systems, and Economic Impacts of River Restoration SO AMERICAN INDIAN CULTURE AND RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHWEST COAST; RESILIENCE; SUSTAINABILITY; COMMUNITY; SCIENCE; SALMON C1 [Saulters, Oral S.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Saulters, Oral S.] Ctr Hazardous Subst Res, Pueblo, CO USA. [Saulters, Oral S.] US EPA, Albany, NY USA. RP Saulters, OS (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU U C L A, AMER INDIAN STUDIES CENTER PI LOS ANGELES PA 3220 CAMPBELL HALL, BOX 951548, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1548 USA SN 0161-6463 J9 AM INDIAN CULT RES J JI Am. Indian Cult. Res. J. PY 2014 VL 38 IS 3 BP 25 EP 53 PG 29 WC History SC History GA AW2IQ UT WOS:000346111800002 ER PT J AU Chern, EC Brenner, K Wymer, L Haugland, RA AF Chern, Eunice C. Brenner, Kristen Wymer, Larry Haugland, Richard A. TI Influence of wastewater disinfection on densities of culturable fecal indicator bacteria and genetic markers SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE disinfection; FIB; qPCR; wastewater ID REAL-TIME PCR; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; QUANTITATIVE PCR; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; PROPIDIUM MONOAZIDE; SURFACE WATERS; FRESH-WATER; POLLUTION; QUALITY; QUANTIFICATION AB The US Environmental Protection Agency has proposed the use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as a rapid alternative analytical method for monitoring recreational water quality at beaches. For qPCR to be considered for other Clean Water Act purposes, such as inclusion in discharge permits and use in Total Maximum Daily Load calculations, it is necessary to understand how qPCR detectable genetic markers are influenced by wastewater disinfection. This study investigated genetic markers for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Clostridium spp., Bacteroides, total Bacteroidales, as well as the human-associated Bacteroides markers, HF183 and HumM2, to determine which, if any, were influenced by disinfection (chlorination or ultraviolet light) of effluents from secondary wastewater treatment in different seasons. The effects of disinfection on culturable enterococci, E. coli, Bacteroides, and C. perfringens were also compared to their associated genetic markers. Disinfection of secondary treatment effluents significantly reduced culturable fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) but not genetic marker densities. No significant differences were observed in the responses of FIB culture and genetic marker densities to type of disinfection (chlorination vs UV) or season. Results of this study provide evidence that qPCR may not be suitable for monitoring efficacy of wastewater disinfection on the inactivation of bacterial pathogens. C1 [Chern, Eunice C.; Brenner, Kristen; Wymer, Larry; Haugland, Richard A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Haugland, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM haugland.rich@epa.gov NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 19 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PY 2014 VL 12 IS 3 BP 410 EP 417 DI 10.2166/wh.2013.179 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA AW2OT UT WOS:000346128700006 PM 25252344 ER PT J AU Sidle, RC Ghestem, M Stokes, A AF Sidle, R. C. Ghestem, M. Stokes, A. TI Epic landslide erosion from mountain roads in Yunnan, China - challenges for sustainable development SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FOREST MANAGEMENT; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; LOGGING ROADS; CATCHMENT; SEDIMENT; IMPACTS AB Expanding systems of mountain roads in developing countries have significantly increased the risk of landslides and sedimentation, and have created vulnerabilities for residents and aquatic resources. We measured landslide erosion along seven road segments in steep terrain in the upper Salween River basin, Yunnan, China and estimated sediment delivery to channels. Landslide erosion rates along the roads ranged from 2780 to 48 235 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1), the upper end of this range being the highest rate ever reported along mountain roads. The two roads with the highest landslide erosion (FG1 = 12 966 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1); DXD = 48 235 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1)) had some of the highest sediment delivery rates to channels (about 80 and 86 %, respectively). Overall, 3 times more landslides occurred along cut slopes compared to fill slopes, but fill slope failures had a combined mass > 1.3 times that of cut slope failures. Many small landslides occurred along road cuts, but these were often trapped on the road surface. Given the magnitude of the landslide problem and the lack of attention to this issue, a more sustainable approach for mountain road development is outlined based on an analysis of landslide susceptibility and how thresholds for landslide trigger mechanisms would be modified by road location and different construction techniques. C1 [Sidle, R. C.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, ORD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Ghestem, M.] ONCFS, CNERA PAD, F-38610 Gieres, France. [Stokes, A.] French Natl Inst Agr Res INRA, AMAP, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. RP Sidle, RC (reprint author), Univ Sunshine Coast, Sustainabil Res Ctr, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia. EM rsidle@usc.edu.au FU French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA, Jeune Equipe); BMU (Germany) International Climate Initiative FX This project was supported by funding from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA, Jeune Equipe) and the BMU (Germany) International Climate Initiative funded project "Ecosystems Protecting Infrastructure and Communities" (EPIC, coordinated by IUCN and ProAct, Switzerland). Gratitude is expressed to K.-F. Cao (XTBG and the University of Guangxi, China), W. Ma (Kunming Institute of Botany, China) and F.-X. Mine (ISARA, France), for assistance in field investigations and, logistics and to Lourdes Prieto for preparing the site map. This document has been reviewed in accordance with US Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. The opinions presented herein are those of the authors and do not represent US EPA, ONCFS, INRA, or University of the Sunshine Coast. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1561-8633 J9 NAT HAZARD EARTH SYS JI Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 11 BP 3093 EP 3104 DI 10.5194/nhess-14-3093-2014 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA AU7ET UT WOS:000345764400016 ER PT S AU Luo, PP Takara, K He, B Duan, WL Apip Nover, D Tsugihiro, W Nakagami, K Takamiya, I AF Luo, Pingping Takara, Kaoru He, Bin Duan, Weili Apip Nover, Daniel Tsugihiro, Watanabe Nakagami, Kenichi Takamiya, Izumi BE Utama, NA Mclellan, B Hamzah, S Trihartono, A Suryatmojo, H Widodo, S Wijaya, ME Himmi, SK Esteban, M Farzaneh, H Prilandita, N Susan, N Huboyo, H Nurudin, M Prihatmaji, Y TI Assessment of Paleo-hydrology and Paleo-inundation Conditions: the Process SO 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE FUTURE FOR HUMAN SECURITY SUSTAIN 2013 SE Procedia Environmental Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Sustainable Future for Human Security (SUSTAIN) CY OCT 19-21, 2013 CL Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, JAPAN SP SustaiN Soc, Indonesian Students Assoc Kyoto HO Kyoto Univ DE Paleo-inundation; Paleo-hydrology; Nile River basin; Flo-2D; flood risk management ID NILE FLOODS AB Paleo-hydrology is an important study which simulates the historical hydrology at the lack of observed period, calibrated at the present period and predicted the future hydrological condition. The study of paleo-hydrology is to obtain the historical evidence for the present hydrology and improve the accuracy of the statistical analysis and the prediction modeling assessment. Paleo-inundation assessment is the study of historical inundation under flood events which occurred prior to direct measurement of hydrologic parameters using modern methods. The ultimate objectives of this study were to estimate paleo-inundation under extreme floods using historical literature and incomplete data records. This paper focused on an application of estimating historical inundation conditions under paleo-floods using modern technologies at the river basin scale. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Luo, Pingping; Takara, Kaoru; He, Bin; Apip] Kyoto Univ, DPRI, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. [Duan, Weili] Kyoto Univ, Dept Civil & Earth Resources Engn, Grad Sch Engn, Kyoto, Japan. [Nover, Daniel] US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Tsugihiro, Watanabe] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Global Environm Studies, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Nakagami, Kenichi] Ritsumeikan Univ, Grad Sch Policy Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Nakagami, Kenichi] Ritsumeikan Univ, Coll Policy Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takamiya, Izumi] Kinki Univ, Fac Literature Arts & Cultural Studies, Osaka, Japan. EM robertluoping@flood.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1878-0296 J9 PROCEDIA ENVIRON SCI PY 2014 VL 20 BP 747 EP 752 DI 10.1016/j.proenv.2014.03.089 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Planning & Development SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration GA BB7DZ UT WOS:000345425000087 ER PT J AU van Vliet, E Daneshian, M Beilmann, M Davies, A Fava, E Fleck, R Jule, Y Kansy, M Kustermann, S Macko, P Mundy, WR Roth, A Shah, I Uteng, M van de Water, B Hartung, T Leist, M AF van Vliet, Erwin Daneshian, Mardas Beilmann, Mario Davies, Anthony Fava, Eugenio Fleck, Roland Jule, Yvon Kansy, Manfred Kustermann, Stefan Macko, Peter Mundy, William R. Roth, Adrian Shah, Imran Uteng, Marianne van de Water, Bob Hartung, Thomas Leist, Marcel TI Current Approaches and Future Role of High Content Imaging in Safety Sciences and Drug Discovery SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE high content imaging; toxicology; drug development; toxicity pathways; mechanistic safety screening ID PLURIPOTENT STEM-CELLS; QUANTITATIVE IN-VITRO; DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY; SYSTEMS TOXICOLOGY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY; APOPTOSIS; NEURONS; ASSAY; HEPATOTOXICITY AB High content imaging combines automated microscopy with image analysis approaches to simultaneously quantify multiple phenotypic and/or functional parameters in biological systems. The technology has become an important tool in the fields of safety sciences and drug discovery, because it can be used for mode-of-action identification, determination of hazard potency and the discovery of toxicity targets and biomarkers. In contrast to conventional biochemical endpoints, high content imaging provides insight into the spatial distribution and dynamics of responses in biological systems. This allows the identification of signaling pathways underlying cell defense, adaptation, toxicity and death. Therefore, high content imaging is considered a promising technology to address the challenges for the "Toxicity testing in the 21st century" approach. Currently, high content imaging technologies are frequently applied in academia for mechanistic toxicity studies and in pharmaceutical industry for the ranking and selection of lead drug compounds or to identify/confirm mechanisms underlying effects observed in vivo. A recent workshop gathered scientists working on high content imaging in academia, pharmaceutical industry and regulatory bodies with the objective to compile the state-of-the-art of the technology in the different institutions. Together they defined technical and methodological gaps, proposed quality control measures and performance standards, highlighted cell sources and new readouts and discussed future requirements for regulatory implementation. This review summarizes the discussion, proposed solutions and recommendations of the specialists contributing to the workshop. C1 [van Vliet, Erwin] Innovitox Consultat & Serv, Barcelona, Spain. [Daneshian, Mardas; Hartung, Thomas; Leist, Marcel] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, Constance, Germany. [Beilmann, Mario] Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Dept Nonclin Drug Safety, Mol & Cell Toxicol Grp, Biberach, Germany. [Davies, Anthony] INCHSA, Dublin, Ireland. [Fava, Eugenio] German Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis DZNE, Bonn, Germany. [Fleck, Roland] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Potters Bar, Herts, England. [Jule, Yvon] Biocellvia, Marseille, France. [Kansy, Manfred; Kustermann, Stefan] F Hoffmann La Roche LTD, Non Clin Safety, Basel, Switzerland. [Macko, Peter] EURL ECVAM, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Syst Toxicol Unit, Ispra, Italy. [Mundy, William R.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Shah, Imran] Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Uteng, Marianne] Novartis Int AG, Cellular Models & High Content Biol Lab, Basel, Switzerland. [van de Water, Bob] Leiden Univ, Leiden Acad Ctr Drug Res, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, CAAT, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Leist, M (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Doerenkamp Zbinden Chair Alternat Vitro Methods, Box M657, D-78457 Constance, Germany. EM marcel.leist@uni-konstanz.de RI Leist, Marcel/D-2133-2010 OI Leist, Marcel/0000-0002-3778-8693 NR 80 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 5 U2 10 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 4 BP 479 EP 493 PG 15 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA AU0JU UT WOS:000345310000008 PM 25027442 ER PT J AU Willett, C Rae, JC Goyak, KO Minsavage, G Westmoreland, C Andersen, M Avigan, M Duche, D Harris, G Hartung, T Jaeschke, H Kleensang, A Landesmann, B Martos, S Matevia, M Toole, C Rowan, A Schultz, T Seed, J Senior, J Shah, I Subramanian, K Vinken, M Watkins, P AF Willett, Catherine Rae, Jessica Caverly Goyak, Katy O. Minsavage, Gary Westmoreland, Carl Andersen, Melvin Avigan, Mark Duche, Daniel Harris, Georgina Hartung, Thomas Jaeschke, Hartmut Kleensang, Andre Landesmann, Brigitte Martos, Suzanne Matevia, Marilyn Toole, Colleen Rowan, Andrew Schultz, Terry Seed, Jennifer Senior, John Shah, Imran Subramanian, Kalyanasundaram Vinken, Mathieu Watkins, Paul TI Building Shared Experience to Advance Practical Application of Pathway-Based Toxicology: Liver Toxicity Mode-of-Action SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE systems toxicology; pathways of toxicity; adverse outcome pathways; in vitro toxicology; liver toxicity ID PRIMARY HUMAN HEPATOCYTES; ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAY; ACETAMINOPHEN HEPATOTOXICITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; IPCS FRAMEWORK; 21ST-CENTURY; VISION; INHIBITION; MECHANISMS; RELEVANCE AB A workshop sponsored by the Human Toxicology Project Consortium (HTPC), "Building Shared Experience to Advance Practical Application of Pathway-Based Toxicology: Liver Toxicity Mode-of-Action" brought together experts from a wide range of perspectives to inform the process of pathway development and to advance two prototype pathways initially developed by the European Commission Joint Research Center (JRC): liver-specific fibrosis and steatosis. The first half of the workshop focused on the theory and practice of pathway development; the second on liver disease and the two prototype pathways. Participants agreed pathway development is extremely useful for organizing information and found that focusing the theoretical discussion on a specific AOP is helpful. It is important to include several perspectives during pathway development, including information specialists, pathologists, human health and environmental risk assessors, and chemical and product manufacturers, to ensure the biology is well captured and end use is considered. C1 [Willett, Catherine; Matevia, Marilyn; Rowan, Andrew] Humane Soc United States, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Rae, Jessica Caverly] DuPont Haskell Global Ctr Hlth & Environm Sci, Newark, DE USA. [Goyak, Katy O.; Minsavage, Gary] ExxonMobil Biomed Sci Inc, Annandale, NJ USA. [Westmoreland, Carl] Unilever Res Labs, Safety & Environm Assurance Ctr, Sharnbrook, Beds, England. [Andersen, Melvin] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Avigan, Mark; Senior, John] Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res Food & Drug Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Duche, Daniel] LOreal Res & Innovat, Aulnay Sous Bois, France. [Harris, Georgina; Hartung, Thomas; Kleensang, Andre; Martos, Suzanne] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, CAAT, Baltimore, MD USA. [Harris, Georgina; Hartung, Thomas; Kleensang, Andre; Martos, Suzanne] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, Constance, Germany. [Jaeschke, Hartmut] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. [Landesmann, Brigitte] European Commiss, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. [Toole, Colleen] CeeTox Inc, Kalamazoo, MI USA. [Schultz, Terry] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Schultz, Terry] OECD Secretariat, Paris, France. [Seed, Jennifer] Environm Protect Agcy, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Risk Assessment Div, Washington, DC USA. [Shah, Imran] Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Subramanian, Kalyanasundaram] Strand Life Sci, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Vinken, Mathieu] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [Watkins, Paul] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Watkins, Paul] Univ N Carolina, Inst Drug Safety Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Willett, C (reprint author), Humane Soc United States, 2100 L St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM kwillett@humanesociety.org RI Vinken, Mathieu/H-7513-2013; OI Vinken, Mathieu/0000-0001-5115-8893; Kleensang, Andre/0000-0002-4564-7399 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [T32 ES007141] NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 4 BP 500 EP 519 PG 20 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA AU0JU UT WOS:000345310000011 PM 24535319 ER PT J AU Xu, SN Sun, MH Zhang, CQ Surampalli, R Hu, ZQ AF Xu, Shengnan Sun, Minghao Zhang, Chiqian Surampalli, Rao Hu, Zhiqiang TI Filamentous sludge bulking control by nano zero-valent iron in activated sludge treatment systems SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; NITRIFYING BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KINETIC SELECTION; ZEROVALENT IRON; 021N BACTERIA; FERROUS ION; NANOPARTICLES; STORAGE; QUANTIFICATION AB Sludge bulking causes loss of biomass in the effluent and deterioration of effluent water quality. This study explored the use of nano zero-valent iron (NZVI with an average particle size of 55 +/- 11 nm) for sludge bulking control. In two Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) activated sludge treatment systems, a single dose of NZVI at the final concentration of 100 mg Fe per L in the mixed liquor reduced the number of filamentous bacteria Type 021N by 2-3 log units (a reduction of 99.9 and 96.7% in MLE tank #1 and #2, respectively). The side effect of the use of NZVI depended on sludge bulking conditions and biomass concentration. In the system with sludge bulking and significant sludge loss (average biomass concentration of 1022 +/- 159 COD mg per L or at the ratio of 0.098 g Fe per g biomass COD), the use of NZVI increased effluent COD, NH4+-N and NO2--N concentrations, as also evident with the loss of nitrifying populations and nitrifying activities resulting in more than 40 days to have the full recovery of the activated sludge system. In contrast, in the system with the early stages of bulking and the biomass concentration of 1799 +/- 113 COD mg per L (at the ratio of 0.056 g Fe per g biomass COD), the effluent water quality and overall bioreactor performance were only slightly affected for a few days. C1 [Xu, Shengnan; Sun, Minghao; Zhang, Chiqian; Hu, Zhiqiang] Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Surampalli, Rao] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA. RP Hu, ZQ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM huzh@missouri.edu NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 28 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PY 2014 VL 16 IS 12 BP 2721 EP 2728 DI 10.1039/c4em00333k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU2NB UT WOS:000345454100006 PM 25386669 ER PT J AU Lamsal, LN Krotkov, NA Celarier, EA Swartz, WH Pickering, KE Bucsela, EJ Gleason, JF Martin, RV Philip, S Irie, H Cede, A Herman, J Weinheimer, A Szykman, JJ Knepp, TN AF Lamsal, L. N. Krotkov, N. A. Celarier, E. A. Swartz, W. H. Pickering, K. E. Bucsela, E. J. Gleason, J. F. Martin, R. V. Philip, S. Irie, H. Cede, A. Herman, J. Weinheimer, A. Szykman, J. J. Knepp, T. N. TI Evaluation of OMI operational standard NO2 column retrievals using in situ and surface-based NO2 observations SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; TROPOSPHERIC NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; MAX-DOAS MEASUREMENTS; UNITED-STATES; SATELLITE RETRIEVALS; NORTH-AMERICA; POWER-PLANTS; GOME MEASUREMENTS; TRANSPORT MODEL; GMI CHEMISTRY AB We assess the standard operational nitrogen dioxide (NO2) data product (OMNO2, version 2.1) retrieved from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) onboard NASA's Aura satellite using a combination of aircraft and surface in situ measurements as well as ground-based column measurements at several locations and a bottom-up NOx emission inventory over the continental US. Despite considerable sampling differences, NO2 vertical column densities from OMI are modestly correlated (r = 0.3-0.8) with in situ measurements of tropospheric NO2 from aircraft, ground-based observations of NO2 columns from MAX-DOAS and Pandora instruments, in situ surface NO2 measurements from photolytic converter instruments, and a bottom-up NOx emission inventory. Overall, OMI retrievals tend to be lower in urban regions and higher in remote areas, but generally agree with other measurements to within +/- 20%. No consistent seasonal bias is evident. Contrasting results between different data sets reveal complexities behind NO2 validation. Since validation data sets are scarce and are limited in space and time, validation of the global product is still limited in scope by spatial and temporal coverage and retrieval conditions. Monthly mean vertical NO2 profile shapes from the Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) chemistry-transport model (CTM) used in the OMI retrievals are highly consistent with in situ aircraft measurements, but these measured profiles exhibit considerable day-to-day variation, affecting the retrieved daily NO2 columns by up to 40 %. This assessment of OMI tropospheric NO2 columns, together with the comparison of OMI-retrieved and model-simulated NO2 columns, could offer diagnostic evaluation of the model. C1 [Lamsal, L. N.; Celarier, E. A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Lamsal, L. N.; Krotkov, N. A.; Celarier, E. A.; Swartz, W. H.; Pickering, K. E.; Gleason, J. F.; Cede, A.; Herman, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Swartz, W. H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Bucsela, E. J.] SRI Int, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Martin, R. V.; Philip, S.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. [Martin, R. V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Irie, H.] Chiba Univ, Ctr Environm Remote Sensing, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Cede, A.] LuftBlick, Kreith, Austria. [Herman, J.] Univ Maryland, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Weinheimer, A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Szykman, J. J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Knepp, T. N.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Knepp, T. N.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Lamsal, LN (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. EM lok.lamsal@nasa.gov RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Swartz, William/A-1965-2010; Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750; Swartz, William/0000-0002-9172-7189; Herman, Jay/0000-0002-9146-1632 FU NASA's Earth Science Division through an Aura Science team grant FX The work was supported by NASA's Earth Science Division through an Aura Science team grant. The Dutch-Finnish-built OMI instrument is part of the NASA EOS Aura satellite payload. The OMI instrument is managed by KNMI and the Netherlands Agency for Aero-space Programs (NIVR). NR 110 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 46 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 21 BP 11587 EP 11609 DI 10.5194/acp-14-11587-2014 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AT5LY UT WOS:000344985700004 ER PT S AU Shamim, M Melendez, J Sappington, K Ruhman, M AF Shamim, Mah Melendez, Jose Sappington, Keith Ruhman, Mohammed BE Jones, RL Shamim, M Jackson, SH TI Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments of Urban Pesticide Uses SO DESCRIBING THE BEHAVIOR AND EFFECTS OF PESTCIDES IN URBAN AND AGRICULTURAL SETTINGS SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Indianapolis, IN SP Amer Chem Soc ID ADULT MOSQUITO MANAGEMENT; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; MALATHION; DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT; PERMETHRIN; CALIFORNIA; AERIAL; SPRAYS AB Recent studies have reported pesticides in toxicologically significant concentrations in surface water, sediments, stormwater, and publicly owned treatment works (POTW) influent/effluent wastewater from residential uses at locations across the United States. The USEPA faces many challenges in assessing the ecological risks from indoor and outdoor residential pesticide uses, many of which stem from limitations in quantifying exposure from the wide array of application scenarios available for residential pesticide use. Data on the timing, frequency and location of residential pesticide application at a national scale has been collected and submitted to the USEPA. These data will be useful for constructing representative residential exposure scenarios. In the absence of these data and tools, the USEPA has relied on urban monitoring data for conducting the ecological risk assessments. The use of certain chemicals as mosquito adulticides has resulted in exposure and risk to non-target aquatic organisms. Various methods and approaches to assess exposure are presented to conduct ecological risk assessments of these insecticides. Pesticides released to domestic wastewater from indoor residential uses are being assessed with the Exposure and Fate Assessment Screening Tool (E-FAST). Bench-scale treatability studies and POTW monitoring data will be used to refine exposure estimates of pesticides in wastewater, surface water and biosolids resulting from indoor uses. C1 [Shamim, Mah; Melendez, Jose; Sappington, Keith; Ruhman, Mohammed] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Shamim, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Shamim.Mah@epa.gov NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-2974-7 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2014 VL 1168 BP 207 EP 274 PG 68 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BB6OS UT WOS:000344904500010 ER PT J AU Solomon, PA Crumpler, D Flanagan, JB Jayanty, RKM Rickman, EE McDade, CE AF Solomon, Paul A. Crumpler, Dennis Flanagan, James B. Jayanty, R. K. M. Rickman, Ed E. McDade, Charles E. TI US National PM2.5 Chemical Speciation Monitoring Networks-CSN and IMPROVE: Description of networks SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID THERMAL/OPTICAL CARBON ANALYSIS; AEROSOL SAMPLING ARTIFACTS; MATTER SUPERSITES PROGRAM; THERMAL-OPTICAL METHODS; PARTICULATE MATTER; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; AMBIENT AIR; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; LIGHT-ABSORPTION AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated the national PM2.5 Chemical Speciation Monitoring Network (CSN) in 2000 to support evaluation of long-term trends and to better quantify the impact of sources on particulate matter (PM) concentrations in the size range below 2.5 m aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5; fine particles). The network peaked at more than 260 sites in 2005. In response to the 1999 Regional Haze Rule and the need to better understand the regional transport of PM, EPA also augmented the long-existing Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) visibility monitoring network in 2000, adding nearly 100 additional IMPROVE sites in rural Class 1 Areas across the country. Both networks measure the major chemical components of PM2.5 using historically accepted filter-based methods. Components measured by both networks include major anions, carbonaceous material, and a series of trace elements. CSN also measures ammonium and other cations directly, whereas IMPROVE estimates ammonium assuming complete neutralization of the measured sulfate and nitrate. IMPROVE also measures chloride and nitrite. In general, the field and laboratory approaches used in the two networks are similar; however, there are numerous, often subtle differences in sampling and chemical analysis methods, shipping, and quality control practices. These could potentially affect merging the two data sets when used to understand better the impact of sources on PM concentrations and the regional nature and long-range transport of PM2.5. This paper describes, for the first time in the peer-reviewed literature, these networks as they have existed since 2000, outlines differences in field and laboratory approaches, provides a summary of the analytical parameters that address data uncertainty, and summarizes major network changes since the inception of CSN. C1 [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Crumpler, Dennis] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Flanagan, James B.; Jayanty, R. K. M.; Rickman, Ed E.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [McDade, Charles E.] Univ Calif Davis, Crocker Nucl Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Solomon, PA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM solomon.paul@epa.gov RI Xiongfei, Zhao/G-7690-2015 FU RTI Professional Development Award FX Preparation of this paper was partially supported under an RTI Professional Development Award. NR 132 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 11 U2 55 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 12 BP 1410 EP 1438 DI 10.1080/10962247.2014.956904 PG 29 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AT9HH UT WOS:000345238300008 PM 25562937 ER PT B AU Cole, CA Somerville, DE AF Cole, C. Andrew Somerville, D. Eric BE Batzer, DP Sharitz, RR TI United States Wetland Regulation, Policy, and Assessment SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER AND ESTUARINE WETLANDS, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Cole, C. Andrew] Penn State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Somerville, D. Eric] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Cole, CA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture, 329 Stuckeman Family Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95911-8; 978-0-520-27858-5 PY 2014 BP 203 EP 224 PG 22 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BB6DM UT WOS:000344693900009 ER PT S AU Chang, NB Imen, S Yang, J AF Chang, N. B. Imen, S. Yang, J. BE Gao, W Chang, NB Wang, J TI Linkages between turbidity levels in Lake Mead associated forest fire events in the lower Virgin watershed SO REMOTE SENSING AND MODELING OF ECOSYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XI CY AUG 18-20, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Forest Fire; TSS; Lower Virgin Watershed; Lake Mead; IDFM ID QUALITY ESTIMATION; MODEL AB Lake Mead provides the source of drinking water for over 25 million people in the western United States. Different forest fire events at the northern part of the lake may intensify the concentration of total suspended sediments (TSSs) in water bodies due to the abrupt changes of land covers with accelerated soil erosion. Therefore, it is important to assess the linkage between forest fire events and TSS concentration within the lake. For this purpose, the integrated data fusion and mining (IDFM) techniques were applied in this study to generate TSS concentration maps on a daily basis with the aid of remote sensing imageries. The results of this study confirm the reliability of the IDFM method for nowcasting of TSS concentrations within the lake based on these daily TSS concentration maps. It leads to the investigation of the probable impact of forest fire events on increasing TSS concentrations. Comparing these maps with time of forest fire occurrence showed the potential linkage between increasing TSS concentrations and forest fire events. However, the negative impacts of forest fire events on soil erosion may have lag time to show up. C1 [Chang, N. B.; Imen, S.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, J.] US EPA, ORD NRMRL, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Water Qual Management Branch, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. FU SNWA; EPA [WA 1- 52]; USEPA FX The authors acknowledge the help from Ms. Susan Holmes in SNWA for providing us with lower quality river water quality database. This study is funded through EPA contract WA 1- 52. Support from the USEPA is gratefully acknowledged NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-248-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2014 VL 9221 AR UNSP 92210D DI 10.1117/12.2053942 PG 6 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BB6AY UT WOS:000344548600008 ER PT J AU Mearns, AJ Reish, DJ Oshida, PS Ginn, T Rempel-Hester, MA Arthur, C Rutherford, N AF Mearns, Alan J. Reish, Donald J. Oshida, Philip S. Ginn, Thomas Rempel-Hester, Mary Ann Arthur, Courtney Rutherford, Nicolle TI Effects of Pollution on Marine Organisms SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tissue residues; toxicity; bioaccumulation; biomagnification; biomarkers; sediment quality; ecological risk assessment; endocrine disrupters; nano particles; POPs; PCBs; PAHs; PBDEs; radionuclides; pharmaceuticals; personal care products; trace metals; pesticides; biomarkers; marine biocides; oil spills; dispersants; sewage; debris; dredging; eutrophication; human disturbance; Arctic; Antarctic ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MUSSEL MYTILUS-GALLOPROVINCIALIS; COPEPOD TIGRIOPUS-JAPONICUS; HORIZON OIL-SPILL; WATER-ACCOMMODATED FRACTION; OYSTER CRASSOSTREA-HONGKONGENSIS; TRACE-ELEMENT BIOACCUMULATION; URCHIN PARACENTROTUS-LIVIDUS; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; SEAGRASS CYMODOCEA-NODOSA AB This review covers selected 2013 articles on the biological effects of pollutants and human physical disturbances on marine and estuarine plants, animals, ecosystems and habitats, The review, based lamely on journal articles. coven's field and laboratory measurement activities (bioaccumulation of contaminants, field assessment surveys, toxicity testing and biomarkers) as well as pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, emerging contaminants, wastewater discharges, dredging and disposal, etc. Special emphasis is placed on effects of oil spills and marine debris due in part to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico and the 2011 Japanese tsunami, Several topical areas reviewed in the past (ballast water and ocean acidification) Were dropped this year, The focus of this review is on effects, not pollutant bate and transport There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e.g. some bioaccumulation papers may be cited in other topical categories). Please use keyword searching of the text to locate related but distributed papers. Use this review only as a guide and please consult the original papers before citing them. C1 [Mearns, Alan J.; Rutherford, Nicolle] NOAA, Emergency Response Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Reish, Donald J.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Biol Sci, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Oshida, Philip S.] US EPA, Alexandria, VA USA. [Ginn, Thomas] Exponent Inc, Sedona, AZ USA. [Rempel-Hester, Mary Ann] Aquat Toxicol Support, Bremerton, WA USA. [Arthur, Courtney] IM Syst Grp, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Arthur, Courtney] NOAA, Marine Debris Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Mearns, AJ (reprint author), NOAA, Emergency Response Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM alan.meams@noaa.gov NR 339 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 12 U2 136 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 EI 1554-7531 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PY 2014 VL 86 IS 10 BP 1869 EP 1954 DI 10.2175/106143014X14031280668498 PG 86 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AR9RW UT WOS:000343914400034 ER PT J AU Yu, S Mathur, R Pleim, J Wong, D Gilliam, R Alapaty, K Zhao, C Liu, X AF Yu, S. Mathur, R. Pleim, J. Wong, D. Gilliam, R. Alapaty, K. Zhao, C. Liu, X. TI Aerosol indirect effect on the grid-scale clouds in the two-way coupled WRF-CMAQ: model description, development, evaluation and regional analysis SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MESOSCALE METEOROLOGICAL MODEL; RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENT; UNBIASED SYMMETRIC METRICS; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOLS; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS AB This study implemented first, second and glaciation aerosol indirect effects (AIE) on resolved clouds in the two-way coupled Weather Research and Forecasting Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) modeling system by including parameterizations for both cloud drop and ice number concentrations on the basis of CMAQ-predicted aerosol distributions and WRF meteorological conditions. The performance of the newly developed WRF-CMAQ model, with alternate Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) and Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for GCMs (RRTMG) radiation schemes, was evaluated with observations from the Clouds and the See http://ceres.larc.nasa.gov/. Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite and surface monitoring networks (AQS, IMPROVE, CASTNET, STN, and PRISM) over the continental US (CONUS) (12 km resolution) and eastern Texas (4 km resolution) during August and September of 2006. The results at the Air Quality System (AQS) surface sites show that in August, the normalized mean bias (NMB) values for PM2.5 over the eastern US (EUS) and the western US (WUS) are 5.3% (-0.1%) and 0.4% (-5.2%) for WRF-CMAQ/CAM (WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG), respectively. The evaluation of PM2.5 chemical composition reveals that in August, WRF-CMAQ/CAM (WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG) consistently underestimated the observed SO42- by -23.0% (-27.7%), -12.5% (-18.9%) and -7.9% (-14.8%) over the EUS at the Clean Air Status Trends Network (CASTNET), Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) and Speciated Trends Network (STN) sites, respectively. Both configurations (WRF-CMAQ/CAM, WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG) overestimated the observed mean organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and and total carbon (TC) concentrations over the EUS in August at the IMPROVE sites. Both configurations generally underestimated the cloud field (shortwave cloud forcing, SWCF) over the CONUS in August due to the fact that the AIE on the subgrid convective clouds was not considered when the model simulations were run at the 12 km resolution. This is in agreement with the fact that both configurations captured SWCF and longwave cloud forcing (LWCF) very well for the 4 km simulation over eastern Texas, when all clouds were resolved by the finer resolution domain. The simulations of WRF-CMAQ/CAM and WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG show dramatic improvements for SWCF, LWCF, cloud optical depth (COD), cloud fractions and precipitation over the ocean relative to those of WRF default cases in August. The model performance in September is similar to that in August, except for a greater overestimation of PM2.5 due to the overestimations of SO42-, NH4+, NO3-, and TC over the EUS, less underestimation of clouds (SWCF) over the land areas due to the lower SWCF values, and fewer convective clouds in September. This work shows that inclusion of indirect aerosol effect treatments in WRF-CMAQ represents a significant advancement and milestone in air quality modeling and the development of integrated emissions control strategies for air quality management and climate change mitigation. C1 [Yu, S.] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Environm & Resource Sci, Res Ctr Air Pollut & Hlth, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Mathur, R.; Pleim, J.; Wong, D.; Gilliam, R.; Alapaty, K.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Zhao, C.; Liu, X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yu, S (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Environm & Resource Sci, Res Ctr Air Pollut & Hlth, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM shaocaiyu@zju.edu.cn RI Liu, Xiaohong/E-9304-2011; Zhao, Chun/A-2581-2012; yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; yu, shaocai/F-1394-2014; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Liu, Xiaohong/0000-0002-3994-5955; Zhao, Chun/0000-0003-4693-7213; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy as part of the Regional and Global Climate Modeling program FX The authors would like to thank Kathleen Fahey for the constructive and very helpful comments. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and approved for publication. S. Yu would like to thank Weiping Liu from the College of Environment and Resource Sciences at Zhejiang University for his help and support. C. Zhao and X. Liu are partially supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy as part of the Regional and Global Climate Modeling program. The CERES data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center EOSDIS Distributed Active Archive Center. The PRISM monthly precipitation data were downloaded from http://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/. NR 146 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 44 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 20 BP 11247 EP 11285 DI 10.5194/acp-14-11247-2014 PG 39 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AS3GO UT WOS:000344165800018 ER PT S AU Smith, RL Ruiz-Mercado, GJ Gonzalez, MA AF Smith, Raymond L. Ruiz-Mercado, Gerardo J. Gonzalez, Michael A. BE Eden, MR Siirola, JD Towler, GP TI Using GREENSCOPE for Sustainable Process Design: An Educational Opportunity SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FOUNDATIONS OF COMPUTER-AIDED PROCESS DESIGN SE Computer-Aided Chemical Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on the Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design (FOCAPD) CY JUL 13-17, 2014 CL Cle Elum, WA SP Natl Sci Fdn, AIChE SEF, AspenTech, Auburn Univ, Samuel Ginn Coll Engn, Bryan Res & Engn, Eastman Chem Co, Evonik Ind, Honeywell UOP, SimSci Schneider Elect DE chemical; process; sustainability; education; GREENSCOPE ID CHEMICAL-PROCESSES; INDICATORS AB Increasing sustainability can be approached through the education of those who design, construct, and operate facilities. As chemical engineers learn elements of process systems engineering, they can be introduced to sustainability concepts. The EPA's GREENSCOPE methodology and tool, valuable in the evaluation and design of chemical processes, can be used to teach these concepts. This work describes example calculations of GREENSCOPE indicators for the oxidation of toluene and puts the indicators into context with best- and worst-case limits. The data available from the process is developed into understandable information which describes sustainability. Targets for more sustainable process designs are understood, and enhancements can be considered to improve designs, either for real-world processes or in an educational environment. C1 [Smith, Raymond L.; Ruiz-Mercado, Gerardo J.; Gonzalez, Michael A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Smith, RL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM smith.raymond@epa.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-7946 BN 978-0-444-63442-9; 978-0-444-63433-7 J9 COMPUT-AIDED CHEM EN PY 2014 VL 34 BP 741 EP 746 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA BB4XV UT WOS:000343487400108 ER PT J AU Hayes, CR Croft, TN Campbell, A Douglas, IP Gadoury, P Schock, MR AF Hayes, C. R. Croft, T. N. Campbell, A. Douglas, I. P. Gadoury, P. Schock, M. R. TI Computational modelling techniques in the optimization of corrosion control for reducing lead in Canadian drinking water SO WATER QUALITY RESEARCH JOURNAL OF CANADA LA English DT Article DE corrosion control; lead in drinking water; modelling; optimization; sampling ID EXPERIENCE; UK AB Compliance modelling has been used to good effect in the optimization of plumbosolvency control in the UK and was evaluated in the Canadian and US contexts via three case studies. In relation to regulatory compliance, supplementary orthophosphate dosing could be justified in one water supply system but not in one other. Compliance modelling indicated that Health Canada's Tier 1 protocol is much less stringent than its Tier 2 protocol and that optimization based on 6 + hour stagnation samples vs 15 mu g/l is likely to be more stringent than that based on 30 min stagnation samples vs 10 mu g/l. The modelling of sequential sampling for an individual home indicated that sample results could be markedly affected by the length of the lead service line, by the length of the copper premise pipe and by pipe diameters. The results for sequential sampling were also dependent on flow characteristics (plug vs laminar). For either regulatory compliance assessment or for the optimization of plumbosolvency control measures, routine sequential sampling from the same houses at a normalized flow will minimize these variable effects. C1 [Hayes, C. R.; Croft, T. N.] Swansea Univ, Coll Engn, Civil & Computat Res Ctr, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Campbell, A.; Douglas, I. P.] City Ottawa Water, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Gadoury, P.] Providence Water Engn, Cranston, RI 02920 USA. [Schock, M. R.] Environm Protect Agcy, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. RP Hayes, CR (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Coll Engn, Civil & Computat Res Ctr, Singleton Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. EM c.r.hayes@swansea.ac.uk OI Croft, Nick/0000-0002-1521-5261 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 14 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1201-3080 J9 WATER QUAL RES J CAN JI Water Qual. Res. J. Canada PY 2014 VL 49 IS 1 BP 82 EP 93 DI 10.2166/wqrjc.2013.009 PG 12 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA AR3YG UT WOS:000343524600010 ER PT S AU Conmy, RN Del Castillo, CE Downing, BD Chen, RF AF Conmy, Robyn N. Del Castillo, Carlos E. Downing, Bryan D. Chen, Robert F. BE Coble, PG Lead, J Baker, A Reynolds, DM Spencer, RGM TI Experimental Design and Quality Assurance: In Situ Fluorescence Instrumentation SO AQUATIC ORGANIC MATTER FLUORESCENCE SE CAMBRIDGE ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HIGH-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENTS; WATER RAMAN BACKSCATTER; GULF-OF-MEXICO; NATURAL-WATERS; RIVER PLUME; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENT; COASTAL WATERS C1 [Conmy, Robyn N.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Del Castillo, Carlos E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Downing, Bryan D.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA. [Chen, Robert F.] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA. RP Conmy, RN (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 72 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-0243 BN 978-0-521-76461-2 J9 CAMB ENV CH JI Camb. Environ. Chem. Ser. PY 2014 BP 190 EP 230 D2 10.1017/CBO9781139045452 PG 41 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA BB3TN UT WOS:000343046000007 ER PT J AU Pavlovic, J Kinsey, JS Hays, MD AF Pavlovic, J. Kinsey, J. S. Hays, M. D. TI The influence of temperature calibration on the OC-EC results from a dual-optics thermal carbon analyzer SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; ELEMENTAL CARBON; SOURCE PROFILES; FINE PARTICLES; IMPROVE; PM2.5; REFLECTANCE; WASHINGTON; FRACTIONS; AEROSOLS AB Thermal-optical analysis (TOA) is a widely used technique that fractionates carbonaceous aerosol particles into organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), or carbonate. Thermal sub-fractions of evolved OC and EC are also used for source identification and apportionment; thus, oven temperature accuracy during TOA analysis is essential. Evidence now indicates that the "actual" sample (filter) temperature and the temperature measured by the built-in oven thermocouple (or set-point temperature) can differ by as much as 50 degrees C. This difference can affect the OC-EC split point selection and consequently the OC and EC fraction and sub-fraction concentrations being reported, depending on the sample composition and in-use TOA method and instrument. The present study systematically investigates the influence of an oven temperature calibration procedure for TOA. A dual-optical carbon analyzer that simultaneously measures transmission and reflectance (TOT and TOR) is used, functioning under the conditions of both the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Method 5040 (NIOSH) and Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environment (IMPROVE) protocols. The application of the oven calibration procedure to our dual-optics instrument significantly changed NIOSH 5040 carbon fractions (OC and EC) and the IMPROVE OC fraction. In addition, the well-known OC-EC split difference between NIOSH and IMPROVE methods is even further perturbed following the instrument calibration. Further study is needed to determine if the widespread application of this oven temperature calibration procedure will indeed improve accuracy and our ability to compare among carbonaceous aerosol studies that use TOA. C1 [Pavlovic, J.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kinsey, J. S.; Hays, M. D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kinsey, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kinsey.john@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education under US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education for supporting this research under contract with US Environmental Protection Agency. The conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessary reflect the views of the supporting agencies. The authors wish to thank Sunset Laboratory, Inc., Hillsborough, NC for assisting with the temperature calibration and David Smith, who provided valuable information about the instrument and calibration procedure. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 9 BP 2829 EP 2838 DI 10.5194/amt-7-2829-2014 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AQ8WR UT WOS:000343119600003 ER PT J AU Leibowitz, SG Comeleo, RL Wigington, PJ Weaver, CP Morefield, PE Sproles, EA Ebersole, JL AF Leibowitz, S. G. Comeleo, R. L. Wigington, P. J., Jr. Weaver, C. P. Morefield, P. E. Sproles, E. A. Ebersole, J. L. TI Hydrologic landscape classification evaluates streamflow vulnerability to climate change in Oregon, USA SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; DECLINING MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; HISTORICAL SIMULATIONS; INTENSE PRECIPITATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WATER-RESOURCES; CHANGE IMPACTS AB Classification can allow for evaluations of the hydrologic functions of landscapes and their responses to stressors. Here we demonstrate the use of a hydrologic landscape (HL) approach to evaluate vulnerability to potential future climate change at statewide and basin scales in the state of Oregon. The HL classification has five components: climate, seasonality, aquifer permeability, terrain, and soil permeability. We evaluate changes when the 1971-2000 HL climate indices are recalculated using 2041-2070 simulation results from the ECHAM (European Centre HAMburg) and PCM (Parallel Climate Model) climate models with the A2, A1b, and B1 emission scenarios. Changes in climate class were modest (4-18%) statewide. However, there were major changes in seasonality class for five of the six realizations (excluding PCM_B1): Oregon shifts from being 13% snow-dominated to 4-6% snow-dominated under these five realizations, representing a 56-68% reduction in snowmelt-dominated area. At the basin scale, simulated changes for the Siletz Basin, in Oregon's Coast Range, include a small switch from very wet to wet climate, with no change in seasonality. However, there is a modest increase in fall and winter water due to increased precipitation. For the Sandy Basin, on the western slope of the Cascades, HL climate class does not change, but there are major changes in seasonality, especially for areas with low aquifer permeability, which experiences a 100% loss of spring seasonality. This would reduce summer baseflow, but effects could potentially be mitigated by streamflow buffering effects provided by groundwater in the high aquifer permeability portions of the upper Sandy. The Middle Fork John Day Basin (MFJD), in northeastern Oregon, is snowmelt-dominated. The basin experiences a net loss of wet and moist climate area, along with an increase in dry climate area. The MFJD also experiences major shifts from spring to winter seasonality, representing a 20-60% reduction in snowmelt-dominated area. Altered seasonality and/or magnitude of seasonal streamflows could potentially affect survival, growth and reproduction of salmonids in these watersheds, with the greatest effects projected for the MFJD. A major strength of the HL approach is that results can be applied to similarly classified, ungaged basins. Information resulting from such evaluations can help inform management responses to climate change at regional and basin scales without requiring detailed modeling efforts. C1 [Leibowitz, S. G.; Comeleo, R. L.; Wigington, P. J., Jr.; Ebersole, J. L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Weaver, C. P.; Morefield, P. E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC USA. [Weaver, C. P.] US Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC USA. [Sproles, E. A.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, ORISE Postdoc, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Leibowitz, SG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM leibowitz.scott@epa.gov RI Weaver, Christopher/G-3714-2010; OI Weaver, Christopher/0000-0003-4016-5451; Sproles, Eric/0000-0003-1245-1653 FU Office of Science, US Department of Energy; US Environmental Protection Agency, in part through an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX Thanks to Tom Johnson, Anne Nolin, Alan Vette, Hongkai Gao, and two anonymous reviewers for useful comments. We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modelling for their roles in making available the WCRP CMIP3 multimodel data set. Support for this data set was provided by the Office of Science, US Department of Energy. The information in this document has been funded entirely by the US Environmental Protection Agency, in part through an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) postdoctoral agreement. This manuscript has been subjected to Agency review and has been approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 85 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2014 VL 18 IS 9 BP 3367 EP 3392 DI 10.5194/hess-18-3367-2014 PG 26 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA AQ8WM UT WOS:000343118500004 ER PT B AU Roggen, EL Corsini, E van Loveren, H Luebke, R AF Roggen, Erwin L. Corsini, Emanuela van Loveren, Henk Luebke, Robert BE Kleinjans, J TI Immunotoxicity Testing: Implementation of Mechanistic Understanding, Key Pathways of Toxicological Concern, and Components of These Pathways SO TOXICOGENOMICS-BASED CELLULAR MODELS: ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL TESTING FOR SAFETY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SKIN SENSITIZATION TEST; CELL-LINE; H-CLAT; ALLERGENS; EXPOSURE; APPLICABILITY; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; SIGNATURE; CHEMICALS C1 [Roggen, Erwin L.] 3Rs Management & Consultancy, Lyngby, Denmark. [Corsini, Emanuela] Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Milan, Italy. [van Loveren, Henk] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Ctr Hlth Protect Res, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Luebke, Robert] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Roggen, EL (reprint author), 3Rs Management & Consultancy, Lyngby, Denmark. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-397871-4; 978-0-12-397862-2 PY 2014 BP 57 EP 65 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB2YM UT WOS:000342568200004 ER PT B AU Fostel, J van Someren, E Pronk, T Pennings, J Schmeits, P Shao, J Kroese, D Stierum, R AF Fostel, Jennifer van Someren, Eugene Pronk, Tessa Pennings, Jeroen Schmeits, Peter Shao, Jia Kroese, Dinant Stierum, Rob BE Kleinjans, J TI Toxicogenomics and Systems Toxicology Databases and Resources: Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) and Data Integration by Applying Models on Design and Safety (DIAMONDS) SO TOXICOGENOMICS-BASED CELLULAR MODELS: ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL TESTING FOR SAFETY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LINE GENE-EXPRESSION; EXCHANGE C1 [Fostel, Jennifer] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [van Someren, Eugene; Stierum, Rob] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res Microbiol & Syst Bio, Zeist, Netherlands. [Pronk, Tessa; Pennings, Jeroen] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Hlth Protect, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Schmeits, Peter; Shao, Jia] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, BU Toxicol & Bioassays, RIKILT Inst Food Safety, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Kroese, Dinant] Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, Risk Anal Prod Dev, Zeist, Netherlands. RP Fostel, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. OI Pronk, Tessa/0000-0002-8699-0257 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-12-397871-4; 978-0-12-397862-2 PY 2014 BP 275 EP 290 PG 16 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB2YM UT WOS:000342568200015 ER PT S AU Mullon, LG Chang, NB Imen, S Yang, YJ AF Mullon, Lee G. Chang, Ni-Bin Imen, Sanaz Yang, Y. Jeffrey GP IEEE TI Forecasting Precipitation from Multi-Platform Remote Sensing Systems using Wavelet-Based Neural Network Models SO 2014 IEEE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NETWORKING, SENSING AND CONTROL (ICNSC) SE IEEE International Conference on Networking Sensing and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 11th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC) CY APR 07-09, 2014 CL Miami, FL SP IEEE DE Remote Sensing; climate change; hydrometeorology; precipitation; sea surface temperature; teleconnection patterns; artificial neural networks; forecasting ID VARIABILITY; RAINFALL; ATLANTIC AB This paper explores spectral decomposition of environmental data for use in ad hoc artificial neural networks for predicting precipitation patterns by exploiting the nonlinear dynamic signals of oceanic teleconnection patterns found in the Northern Atlantic and Pacific. Using sophisticated ground and satellite remote sensing, including the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (A VHRR) instrument onboard the NOAA satellites for sea surface temperature detection and the GOES geostationary satellite for precipitation correction of in-situ data, high predictive skill is demonstrated during the winter months within the Adirondack state Park in upstate New York, USA. Results show winter months with up to 67% of the land area accurately forecasting precipitation trends with a lead time of 3 months. C1 [Mullon, Lee G.; Chang, Ni-Bin; Imen, Sanaz] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Risk Management Res, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Mullon, LG (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@ucf.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1810-7869 BN 978-1-4799-3106-4 J9 IEEE INT C NETW SENS PY 2014 BP 584 EP 589 PG 6 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications SC Operations Research & Management Science; Telecommunications GA BB2NT UT WOS:000341938800101 ER PT J AU Milanovich, JR Berland, A Hopton, ME AF Milanovich, Joseph R. Berland, Adam Hopton, Matthew E. TI Influence of catchment land cover on stoichiometry and stable isotope compositions of basal resources and macroinvertebrate consumers in headwater streams SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE stable isotopes; stoichiometry; basal resources; headwater streams; land cover; macroinvertebrate consumers ID TRACING CARBON PATHWAYS; DETRITUS-BASED STREAMS; FOOD WEBS; ECOLOGICAL STOICHIOMETRY; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; ORGANIC-MATTER; URBAN STREAMS; ECOSYSTEMS AB Anthropogenic land use affects aquatic landscapes. For example, landscape-level conversion to urban or agricultural land can heavily influence nutrient cycles in headwater streams via increased nutrient loading and altered hydrologic patterns. Recent studies in headwater streams have found that the stoichiometry and stable isotope compositions of basal resources and consumers can vary as a result of landscape-level change. To this end, we examined the stoichiometry and stable isotope compositions (C-13 and N-15) of headwater stream flora and fauna in 16 streams located within forested, agricultural, urban, and mixed (urban, forested, and agricultural) catchments. Our results suggest basal resource stoichiometry varied across streams, with leaf litter being the most variable basal resource. Macroinvertebrate consumers maintained stoichiometric homeostasis across stream groups, but consumer stoichiometry differed across families. Values of C-13 did not vary across stream groups for basal resources; however, consumer C-13 did. Although N-15 did not differ among basal resources across stream groups, macroinvertebrate consumer N-15 differed because of the interaction between stream group and family. Our results show catchment land cover did not predictably alter the stoichiometry or stable isotope compositions of basal resources or consumers in headwater streams. The quality of basal resources in headwater streams could differ across catchments with varying land cover, but it is evident that differences in stoichiometry of basal resources did not lead to differences in stoichiometry of consumers in our study. Given the variability of stable isotope compositions, additional effort should be made to improve our understanding of the landscape factors that might influence isotopic data. C1 [Milanovich, Joseph R.; Berland, Adam; Hopton, Matthew E.] US EPA, Sustainable Environm Branch, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Milanovich, Joseph R.] Loyola Univ Chicago, Dept Biol, Chicago, IL 60660 USA. RP Hopton, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Environm Branch, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hopton.matthew@epa.gov RI Berland, Adam/E-3639-2013; OI Berland, Adam/0000-0003-0473-6405; Hopton, Matt/0000-0001-7962-6820 FU National Research Council Research Associateship Awards at the United States Environmental Protection Agency FX We thank J. Conover for field assistance and the Hamilton County Park District, Cincinnati Parks, and Cincinnati Nature Center for permission to access sites. Advice from J. Beaulieu and K. Fritz was much appreciated. This research was performed while JRM and AB held National Research Council Research Associateship Awards at the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed herein are strictly the opinion of the authors and in no manner represent current or planned policy by United States Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 33 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 EI 2156-6941 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PY 2014 VL 29 IS 4 BP 565 EP 578 DI 10.1080/02705060.2014.933450 PG 14 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AP0OO UT WOS:000341761700008 ER PT J AU Gerke, TL Little, BJ Luxton, TP Scheckel, KG Maynard, JB Szabo, JG AF Gerke, Tammie L. Little, Brenda J. Luxton, Todd P. Scheckel, Kirk G. Maynard, J. Barry Szabo, Jeff G. TI Strontium adsorption and desorption reactions in model drinking water distribution systems SO JOURNAL OF WATER SUPPLY RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-AQUA LA English DT Article DE calcium carbonate; drinking water distribution system; alpha-FeOOH; iron; strontium; XANES ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; IRON CORROSION SCALES; ZERO CHARGE; INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; PIPE CORROSION; RELEASE; KAOLINITE; CHLORINE AB Divalent cationic strontium (Sr2+) adsorption to and desorption from iron corrosion products were examined in two model drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). One system was maintained with chlorine-disinfected drinking water and the other with the same water with secondary chloramine disinfection. Flow conditions simulated primary transmission lines (constant flow) and residential mains (periods of stagnation). Accumulation of Sr2+ to iron corrosion products in model DWDS was independent of disinfection type. Adsorption and desorption mechanisms are discussed. X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and linear combination fitting determined Sr2+ was primarily associated with iron oxyhydroxide corrosion products. At the end of the desorption study, the amount of Sr2+ remaining in iron corrosion products equilibrated to approximate levels observed at the end of the constant flow adsorption experiments. These results suggest that enhanced iron corrosion product loading of Sr2+ during stagnation could be short lived under constant flow conditions. Differences between adsorption and desorption based on disinfection type (chlorine versus chlorine plus chloramine) cannot be used to control Sr2+ desorption. C1 [Gerke, Tammie L.] Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Maynard, J. Barry] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Little, Brenda J.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. [Luxton, Todd P.; Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, ORD, NRMRL, LRPCD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Szabo, Jeff G.] US EPA, NHSRC, WIPD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gerke, TL (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM gerketl@miamioh.edu RI BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Department of Energy (DOE); MRCAT; US DOE - Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of Washington; Canadian Light Source; APS; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) and the MRCAT member institutions. PNC/XSD facilities at the APS, and research at these facilities, are supported by the US DOE - Basic Energy Sciences, a Major Resources Support grant from NSERC, the University of Washington, the Canadian Light Source and the APS. Use of the APS, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02- 06CH11357. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed a portion of the research described here. It has been subject to Agency review but does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NRL publication number JA/7303-13-1740. We thank M. K. DeSantis for photographs of the iron corrosion samples. We also thank Jason Lee for insightful comments on how to improve the manuscript. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 0003-7214 EI 1365-2087 J9 J WATER SUPPLY RES T JI J. Water Supply Res Technol.-Aqua PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 449 EP 460 DI 10.2166/aqua.2014.075 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA AP1XH UT WOS:000341865100003 ER PT B AU Padilla, S AF Padilla, Stephanie BE Gupta, RC TI Biomarkers of toxicity in zebrafish SO BIOMARKERS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENE-EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; DANIO-RERIO EMBRYO; TRANSGENIC ZEBRAFISH; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; ESTROGENIC COMPOUNDS; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; ADULT ZEBRAFISH; MICROCYSTIN-LR C1 US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Padilla, S (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-404649-8; 978-0-12-404630-6 PY 2014 BP 103 EP 112 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404630-6.00005-1 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB1MX UT WOS:000341214100006 ER PT B AU Kodavanti, UP AF Kodavanti, Urmila P. BE Gupta, RC TI Respiratory toxicity biomarkers SO BIOMARKERS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; SURFACTANT PROTEIN-A; EXHALED BREATH CONDENSATE; SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE-RAT; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA; DISTRESS-SYNDROME; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION C1 US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 169 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-404649-8; 978-0-12-404630-6 PY 2014 BP 217 EP 239 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404630-6.00012-9 PG 23 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB1MX UT WOS:000341214100013 ER PT B AU Kodavanti, PRS Loganathan, BG AF Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S. Loganathan, Bommanna G. BE Gupta, RC TI Polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated biphenyls, and brominated flame retardants SO BIOMARKERS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CEREBELLAR GRANULE CELLS; DIPHENYL ETHERS PBDES; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; TETRABROMOBISPHENOL-A TBBPA; SAN-ANTONIO STATEMENT; THYROID-HORMONE; IN-VITRO; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; RAT CEREBELLUM; ONTOGENIC ALTERATIONS C1 [Kodavanti, Prasada Rao S.] US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Toxic Assessment Div, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Loganathan, Bommanna G.] Murray State Univ, Dept Chem, Murray, KY 42071 USA. [Loganathan, Bommanna G.] Murray State Univ, Watershed Studies Inst, Murray, KY 42071 USA. RP Kodavanti, PRS (reprint author), US EPA, Neurotoxicol Branch, Toxic Assessment Div, NHEERL ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. OI Loganathan, Bommanna/0000-0001-5769-2579 NR 117 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-404649-8; 978-0-12-404630-6 PY 2014 BP 433 EP 450 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404630-6.00025-7 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB1MX UT WOS:000341214100026 ER PT B AU Beedanagari, S Vulimiri, SV Bhatia, S Mahadevan, B AF Beedanagari, S. Vulimiri, S. V. Bhatia, S. Mahadevan, B. BE Gupta, RC TI Genotoxicity biomarkers: Molecular basis of genetic variability and susceptibility SO BIOMARKERS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VITRO MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY; PREDICT HUMAN CANCER; IN-VITRO; CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS; MUTAGENICITY ASSAY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; VIVO; CARCINOGENS; TOXICOLOGY; P53 C1 [Beedanagari, S.] Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Vulimiri, S. V.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Bhatia, S.] Res Inst Fragrance Mat, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Mahadevan, B.] Abbott Labs, Med Safety & Surveillance, Columbus, OH USA. RP Beedanagari, S (reprint author), Bristol Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. OI Vulimiri, Suryanarayana/0000-0003-3734-0036 NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-404649-8; 978-0-12-404630-6 PY 2014 BP 729 EP 742 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404630-6.00043-9 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB1MX UT WOS:000341214100044 ER PT B AU Szabo, DT AF Szabo, David T. BE Gupta, RC TI Transcriptomic biomarkers in safety and risk assessment of chemicals SO BIOMARKERS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GENE-EXPRESSION-BIOMARKERS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; CIRCULATING MICRORNAS; ANABOLIC AGENTS; HEART-FAILURE; TUMOR-CELLS; CANCER; PLASMA; BLOOD; SERUM C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Szabo, DT (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-404649-8; 978-0-12-404630-6 PY 2014 BP 1033 EP 1038 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404630-6.00062-2 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB1MX UT WOS:000341214100063 ER PT B AU Tan, YM Chang, DT Phillips, M Edwards, S Grulke, CM Goldsmith, MR Sobus, J Conolly, R Tornero-Velez, R Dary, CC AF Tan, Yu-Mei Chang, Daniel T. Phillips, Martin Edwards, Stephen Grulke, Christopher M. Goldsmith, Michael-Rock Sobus, Jon Conolly, Rory Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Dary, Curtis C. BE Gupta, RC TI Biomarkers in computational toxicology SO BIOMARKERS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; HUMAN BIOMONITORING DATA; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; CHEMICAL SPACE; SCREENING APPROACH; REVERSE DOSIMETRY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DIETARY EXPOSURE; DRUG SOLUBILITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT C1 [Tan, Yu-Mei; Chang, Daniel T.; Phillips, Martin; Grulke, Christopher M.; Goldsmith, Michael-Rock; Sobus, Jon; Tornero-Velez, Rogelio] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Edwards, Stephen; Conolly, Rory] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dary, Curtis C.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. RP Tan, YM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. OI Phillips, Martin/0000-0002-6282-529X NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-404649-8; 978-0-12-404630-6 PY 2014 BP 1039 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-404630-6.00063-4 PG 17 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BB1MX UT WOS:000341214100064 ER PT J AU Gnepe, JR Tyagi, RD Brar, SK Valero, JR Surampalli, RY AF Gnepe, Jean R. Tyagi, Rajeshwar D. Brar, Satinder K. Valero, Jose R. Surampalli, Rao Y. TI Corrosion and stability study of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki starch industry wastewater-derived biopesticide formulation SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Starch industry wastewater; Bacillus thuringiensis; biopesticide; corrosion; entomotoxicity ID RAW-MATERIAL; SLUDGE; PRETREATMENT; LEPIDOPTERA; BATCH AB Biopesticides are usually sprayed on forests by using planes made up of aluminum alloy. Bioval derived from starch industry wastewater (SIW) in suspension form was developed as stable anticorrosive biopesticide formulation. In this context, various anticorrosion agents such as activated charcoal, glycerin, ethylene glycol, phytic acid, castor oil and potassium silicate were tested as anticorrosive agents. There was no corrosion found in Bioval formulation where potassium silicate (0.5% w/v) was added and compared with Foray 76 B, as an industrial standard, when stored over 6 months. In relation to other parameters, the anticorrosion formulation of Bioval+buffer+KSi reported excellent zeta potential (-33.19 +/- 4 mV) and the viscosity (319.13 +/- 32 mPa. s) proving it's stability over 6 months, compared to the standard biopesticide Foray 76 B (-36.62 +/- 4 mV potential zeta, pH 4.14 +/- 0.1 and 206 +/- 21 mPa. s viscosity). Metal analysis of the different biopesticides showed that Bioval+buffer+KSi has no corrosion (5.11 +/- 0.5 mg kg(-1) of Al and 13.53 +/- 1.5 mg kg(-1) of Fe) on the aluminum alloy due to the contribution of sodium acetate buffer at pH 5. The bioassays reported excellent results for Bioval+Buffer+KSi (2.95 +/- 0.3 109 CFU mL(-1) spores and 26.6 +/- 2.7 109 IU L-1 Tx) compared with initial Bioval (2.46 +/- 0.3 109 CFU mL(-1) spores and 23.09 +/- 3 109 IU L-1 Tx) and Foray 76 B (2.3 +/- 0.2 109 CFU mL(-1) spores and 19.950 +/- 2.1 UI L-1 Tx) which was due to the break-up of the external chitinous membrane due to abrasive action of potassium silicate after ingestion by insects. The contribution of sodium acetate buffer and potassium silicate (0.5% and at pH = 5) as anticorrosion agent in the Bioval allowed production of an efficient biopesticide with a reduced viscosity and favorable pH as compared to Foray 76 B which enhanced the entomotoxic potential against spruce budworm (SB) larvae (Lepidoptera: Choristoneura fumiferana). C1 [Gnepe, Jean R.; Tyagi, Rajeshwar D.; Brar, Satinder K.; Valero, Jose R.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [A4984]; INRS-ETE FX The authors sincerely thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), (Grants A4984, Canada Research Chair), and INRS-ETE for their financial support. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 EI 1532-4109 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2014 VL 49 IS 11 BP 889 EP 896 DI 10.1080/03601234.2014.938561 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO5SW UT WOS:000341406600011 PM 25190564 ER PT J AU Liu, J Simmons, SO Pei, RT AF Liu, Jun Simmons, Steve O. Pei, Ruoting TI REGULATION OF IL-8 PROMOTER ACTIVITY BY VERRUCARIN A IN HUMAN MONOCYTIC THP-1 CELLS SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID NF-KAPPA-B; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; MACROCYCLIC TRICHOTHECENE MYCOTOXINS; TNF-ALPHA SECRETION; STACHYBOTRYS-CHARTARUM; OCHRATOXIN-A; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MACROPHAGE DIFFERENTIATION; RIBOTOXIN DEOXYNIVALENOL AB Macrocyclic trichothecenes have been frequently detected in fungi in water-damaged buildings and exhibited higher toxicity than the well-studied trichothecenes; however, the mechanism underlying their toxicity has been poorly understood. In this study, transcriptional regulation of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-8 by a macrocyclic trichothecene, verrucarin A (VA), in human monocytic THP-1 cells is reported. Consistent with previous findings, VA was 100-fold more cytotoxic than deoxynivalenol (DON), while ochratoxin A (OA) was not cytotoxic. In cells transduced with the wild-type IL-8 promoter luciferase construct, VA induced a biphasic dose response composed of an upregulation of luciferase expression at low concentrations of 0.01-1 ng/ml and a downregulation at high levels of 10 ng/ml and higher. In contrast, DON induced a sigmoid-shaped dose response with the EC50 of 11.6 ng/ml, while OA did not markedly affect the IL-8 expression. When cells were transduced with IL-8 promoter with a mutation of transcription factor nuclear factor-B (NF-B)-binding site, VA (1 ng/ml), DON (1000 ng/ml), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (20 ng/ml)-induced luciferase expression were impaired. In addition, the NF-B inhibitor caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibited VA-, DON-, and TNF-induced luciferase expression. Mutation of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CEBP) binding site of the IL-8 promoter affected only DON-, but not VA- and TNF-induced luciferase expression. Taken together, these results suggested that VA activated IL-8 promoter via an NF-B-dependent, but not CEBP-dependent, pathway in human monocytes. C1 [Liu, Jun; Pei, Ruoting] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Simmons, Steve O.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pei, RT (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. EM ruoting.pei@utsa.edu OI Simmons, Steven/0000-0001-9079-1069 FU University of Texas at San Antonio FX The research was supported by the startup fund from the University of Texas at San Antonio. NR 76 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2014 VL 77 IS 19 BP 1125 EP 1140 DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.874246 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AO6ZT UT WOS:000341502300001 PM 25119735 ER PT J AU Snow, SJ Vizcaya-Ruiz, A Osornio-Vargas, A Thomas, RF Schladweiler, MC McGee, J Kodavanti, UP AF Snow, Samantha J. De Vizcaya-Ruiz, Andrea Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro Thomas, Ronald F. Schladweiler, Mette C. McGee, John Kodavanti, Urmila P. TI THE EFFECT OF COMPOSITION, SIZE, AND SOLUBILITY ON ACUTE PULMONARY INJURY IN RATS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO MEXICO CITY AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER SAMPLES SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID AIR-POLLUTION; UTAH VALLEY; IN-VITRO; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; TRANSITION-METALS; SUBTROPICAL CITY; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; VITAMIN-C; PM10 AB Particulate matter (PM)-associated metals can contribute to adverse cardiopulmonary effects following exposure to air pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate how variation in the composition and size of ambient PM collected from two distinct regions in Mexico City relates to toxicity differences. Male Wistar Kyoto rats (14 wk) were intratracheally instilled with chemically characterized PM10 and PM2.5 from the north and PM10 from the south of Mexico City (3 mg/kg). Both water-soluble and acid-leachable fractions contained several metals, with levels generally higher in PM10 South. The insoluble and total, but not soluble, fractions of all PM induced pulmonary damage that was indicated by significant increases in neutrophilic inflammation, and several lung injury biomarkers including total protein, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase activity, and -glutamyl transferase activity 24 and 72 h postexposure. PM10 North and PM2.5 North also significantly decreased levels of the antioxidant ascorbic acid. Elevation in lung mRNA biomarkers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]- and macrophage inflammatory protein [MIP]-2), oxidative stress (heme oxygenase [HO]-1, lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor [LOX]-1, and inducibile nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]), and thrombosis (tissue factor [TF] and plasminogen activator inhibitor [PAI]-1), as well as reduced levels of fibrinolytic protein tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), further indicated pulmonary injury following PM exposure. These responses were more pronounced with PM10 South (PM10 South > PM10 North > PM2.5 North), which contained higher levels of redox-active transition metals that may have contributed to specific differences in selected lung gene markers. These findings provide evidence that surface chemistry of the PM core and not the water-soluble fraction played an important role in regulating in vivo pulmonary toxicity responses to Mexico City PM. C1 [Snow, Samantha J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill Sch Med, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Snow, Samantha J.; Thomas, Ronald F.; Schladweiler, Mette C.; McGee, John; Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [De Vizcaya-Ruiz, Andrea] CINVESTAV IPN, Dept Toxicol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro] Univ Alberta, Dept Paediat, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Snow, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM snow.samantha@epa.gov OI Snow, Samantha/0000-0003-1812-8582 FU U.S. EPA/UNC [CR835152010]; U.S. EPA SEE Program FX The authors thank Drs. Andrew Ghio and Stephen Gavett of the U.S. EPA for their critical review of this article. This work was supported in part by the U.S. EPA/UNC Toxicology Training Agreement CR835152010 to S. J. Snow and the U.S. EPA SEE Program for R. F. Thomas. NR 62 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2014 VL 77 IS 19 BP 1164 EP 1182 DI 10.1080/15287394.2014.917445 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AO6ZT UT WOS:000341502300004 PM 25119738 ER PT J AU Marais, EA Jacob, DJ Guenther, A Chance, K Kurosu, TP Murphy, JG Reeves, CE Pye, HOT AF Marais, E. A. Jacob, D. J. Guenther, A. Chance, K. Kurosu, T. P. Murphy, J. G. Reeves, C. E. Pye, H. O. T. TI Improved model of isoprene emissions in Africa using Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite observations of formaldehyde: implications for oxidants and particulate matter SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-COMPOUND EMISSIONS; BIOGENIC HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS; AREA INDEX PRODUCTS; WEST-AFRICA; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; TROPICAL FOREST; MEGAN MODEL; PHOTOOXIDATION; EXPRESSO; AEROSOLS AB We use a 2005-2009 record of isoprene emissions over Africa derived from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite observations of formaldehyde (HCHO) to better understand the factors controlling isoprene emission in the continent and evaluate the impact on atmospheric composition. OMI-derived isoprene emissions show large seasonality over savannas driven by temperature and leaf area index (LAI), and much weaker seasonality over equatorial forests driven by temperature. The commonly used MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature, version 2.1) global isoprene emission model reproduces this seasonality but is biased high, particularly for equatorial forests, when compared to OMI and relaxed-eddy accumulation measurements. Isoprene emissions in MEGAN are computed as the product of an emission factor E-o, LAI, and activity factors dependent on environmental variables. We use the OMI-derived emissions to provide improved estimates of E-o that are in good agreement with direct leaf measurements from field campaigns (r = 0.55, bias = -19%). The largest downward corrections to MEGAN E-o values are for equatorial forests and semi-arid environments, and this is consistent with latitudinal transects of isoprene over western Africa from the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) aircraft campaign. Total emission of isoprene in Africa is estimated to be 77 Tg Ca-1, compared to 104 TgC a(-1) in MEGAN. Simulations with the GEOS-Chem oxidant-aerosol model suggest that isoprene emissions increase mean surface ozone in western Africa by up to 8 ppbv, and particulate matter by up to 1.5 mu gm(-3), due to coupling with anthropogenic influences. C1 [Marais, E. A.; Jacob, D. J.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Marais, E. A.; Jacob, D. J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Guenther, A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chance, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kurosu, T. P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Murphy, J. G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Reeves, C. E.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Pye, H. O. T.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Marais, EA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM emarais@seas.harvard.edu RI Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; Murphy, Jennifer/C-2367-2011; Pye, Havala/F-5392-2012; OI Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Pye, Havala/0000-0002-2014-2140; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577; Marais, Eloise/0000-0001-5477-8051 FU NASA; South African National Research Scholarship for Study Abroad FX This work was funded by NASA through the Aura Science Team and by a South African National Research Scholarship for Study Abroad awarded to E. A. Marais. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication, but may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 50 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 21 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 15 BP 7693 EP 7703 DI 10.5194/acp-14-7693-2014 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AO1VN UT WOS:000341103600001 ER PT S AU Kueper, BH Davies, KL AF Kueper, Bernard H. Davies, Kathy L. BE Kueper, BH Stroo, HF Vogel, CM Ward, CH TI DNAPL SOURCE ZONE CHARACTERIZATION AND DELINEATION SO CHLORINATED SOLVENT SOURCE ZONE REMEDIATION SE SERDP ESTCP Remediation Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Kueper, Bernard H.] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Davies, Kathy L.] US EPA, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. RP Kueper, BH (reprint author), Queens Univ, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1869-6864 BN 978-1-4614-6922-3; 978-1-4614-6921-6 J9 SERDP ESTCP REMEDIAT PY 2014 VL 7 BP 63 EP 82 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3_3 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3 PG 20 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BB0BP UT WOS:000340088700004 ER PT S AU Annable, MD Brooks, MC Jawitz, JW Hatfield, K Rao, PSC Wood, AL AF Annable, Michael D. Brooks, Michael C. Jawitz, James W. Hatfield, Kirk Rao, P. Suresh C. Wood, A. Lynn BE Kueper, BH Stroo, HF Vogel, CM Ward, CH TI FLUX-BASED SITE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT SO CHLORINATED SOLVENT SOURCE ZONE REMEDIATION SE SERDP ESTCP Remediation Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AQUIFER REMEDIATION SYSTEMS; CONTAMINANT MASS DISCHARGE; SOURCE STRENGTH FUNCTIONS; NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUIDS; UNIFORM-FLOW FIELDS; DNAPL SOURCE ZONES; COAL-TAR; NATURAL ATTENUATION; HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS C1 [Annable, Michael D.; Jawitz, James W.; Hatfield, Kirk] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Brooks, Michael C.; Wood, A. Lynn] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Rao, P. Suresh C.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Annable, MD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1869-6864 BN 978-1-4614-6922-3; 978-1-4614-6921-6 J9 SERDP ESTCP REMEDIAT PY 2014 VL 7 BP 187 EP 218 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3_7 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3 PG 32 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BB0BP UT WOS:000340088700008 ER PT S AU Newell, CJ Kueper, BH Wilson, JT Johnson, PC AF Newell, Charles J. Kueper, Bernard H. Wilson, John T. Johnson, Paul C. BE Kueper, BH Stroo, HF Vogel, CM Ward, CH TI NATURAL ATTENUATION OF CHLORINATED SOLVENT SOURCE ZONES SO CHLORINATED SOLVENT SOURCE ZONE REMEDIATION SE SERDP ESTCP Remediation Technology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NONAQUEOUS PHASE LIQUIDS; DNAPL SOURCE ZONES; STABLE-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; SOURCE STRENGTH FUNCTIONS; HYDROCARBON SPILL SITES; PARTIAL MASS DEPLETION; UNIFORM-FLOW FIELDS; AIR-FORCE-BASE; BIOAVAILABILITY RESTRICTIONS C1 [Newell, Charles J.] GSI Environm Inc, Houston, TX 77098 USA. [Kueper, Bernard H.] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Wilson, John T.] US EPA, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Johnson, Paul C.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Newell, CJ (reprint author), GSI Environm Inc, Houston, TX 77098 USA. NR 104 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1869-6864 BN 978-1-4614-6922-3; 978-1-4614-6921-6 J9 SERDP ESTCP REMEDIAT PY 2014 VL 7 BP 459 EP 508 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3_13 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-6922-3 PG 50 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BB0BP UT WOS:000340088700014 ER PT J AU Princiotta, FT Loughlin, DH AF Princiotta, Frank T. Loughlin, Daniel H. TI Global climate change: The quantifiable sustainability challenge SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID MITIGATION; ENERGY AB Population growth and the pressures spawned by increasing demands for energy and resource-intensive goods, foods, and services are driving unsustainable growth in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Recent GHG emission trends are consistent with worst-case scenarios of the previous decade. Dramatic and near-term emission reductions likely will be needed to ameliorate the potential deleterious impacts of climate change. To achieve such reductions, fundamental changes are required in the way that energy is generated and used. New technologies must be developed and deployed at a rapid rate. Advances in carbon capture and storage, renewable, nuclear, and transportation technologies are particularly important; however, global research and development efforts related to these technologies currently appear to fall short relative to needs. Even with a proactive and international mitigation effort, humanity will need to adapt to climate change, but the adaptation needs and damages will be far greater if mitigation activities are not pursued in earnest. In this review, research is highlighted that indicates increasing global and regional temperatures and ties climate changes to increasing GHG emissions. GHG mitigation targets necessary for limiting future global temperature increases are discussed, including how factors such as population growth and the growing energy intensity of the developing world will make these reduction targets more challenging. Potential technological pathways for meeting emission reduction targets are examined, barriers are discussed, and global and U. S. modeling results are presented that suggest that the necessary pathways will require radically transformed electric and mobile sectors. While geoengineering options have been proposed to allow more time for serious emission reductions, these measures are at the conceptual stage with many unanswered cost, environmental, and political issues. Implications: This paper lays out the case that mitigating the potential for catastrophic climate change will be a monumental challenge, requiring the global community to transform its energy system in an aggressive, coordinated, and timely manner. If this challenge is to be met, new technologies will have to be developed and deployed at a rapid rate. Advances in carbon capture and storage, renewable, nuclear, and transportation technologies are particularly important. Even with an aggressive international mitigation effort, humanity will still need to adapt to significant climate change. C1 [Princiotta, Frank T.; Loughlin, Daniel H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Princiotta, FT (reprint author), US EPA, APPCD, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM princiotta.frank@epa.gov NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PY 2014 VL 64 IS 9 BP 979 EP 994 DI 10.1080/10962247.2014.923351 PG 16 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AO0OI UT WOS:000341009300001 PM 25282995 ER PT J AU Pohl, K Cantwell, M Herckes, P Lohmann, R AF Pohl, K. Cantwell, M. Herckes, P. Lohmann, R. TI Black carbon concentrations and sources in the marine boundary layer of the tropical Atlantic Ocean using four methodologies SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; DEEP-SEA SEDIMENTS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; ORGANIC-MATTER; FRESNO SUPERSITE; SOUTH-ASIA; URBAN AIR; AEROSOL; QUANTIFICATION; COMBUSTION AB Combustion-derived aerosols in the marine boundary layer have been poorly studied, especially in remote environments such as the open Atlantic Ocean. The tropical Atlantic has the potential to contain a high concentration of aerosols, such as black carbon, due to the African emission plume of biomass and agricultural burning products. Atmospheric particulate matter samples across the tropical Atlantic boundary layer were collected in the summer of 2010 during the southern hemispheric dry season when open fire events were frequent in Africa and South America. The highest black carbon concentrations were detected in the Caribbean Sea and within the African plume, with a regional average of 0.6 mu g m(-3) for both. The lowest average concentrations were measured off the coast of South America at 0.2 to 0.3 mu g m(-3). Samples were quantified for black carbon using multiple methods to provide insights into the form and stability of the carbonaceous aerosols (i.e., thermally unstable organic carbon, soot like, and charcoal like). Soot-like aerosols composed up to 45% of the carbonaceous aerosols in the Caribbean Sea to as little as 4% within the African plume. Charcoal-like aerosols composed up to 29% of the carbonaceous aerosols over the oligotrophic Sargasso Sea, suggesting that non-soot-like particles could be present in significant concentrations in remote environments. To better apportion concentrations and forms of black carbon, multiple detection methods should be used, particularly in regions impacted by biomass burning emissions. C1 [Pohl, K.; Lohmann, R.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Cantwell, M.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. [Herckes, P.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ USA. RP Lohmann, R (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM rlohmann@mail.uri.edu RI Lohmann, Rainer/B-1511-2008; Herckes, Pierre/E-6824-2011; OI Herckes, Pierre/0000-0002-0205-3187; Lohmann, Rainer/0000-0001-8796-3229 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0851044] FX We thank the National Science Foundation for support (OCE-0851044) and the crew and captain of the R/V Endeavor for their help with collecting the samples. We acknowledge the help of A. D. A. Hansen (Magee Scientific), Denise Napolitano and Youliang Wang (Arizona State University), Rick McKinney and Julia Sullivan (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), Torey Hart (URI) and Hilary Hamer (RPI). NR 70 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 14 BP 7431 EP 7443 DI 10.5194/acp-14-7431-2014 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AM5XR UT WOS:000339934900017 ER PT J AU Etschmann, BE Donner, E Brugger, J Howard, DL de Jonge, MD Paterson, D Naidu, R Scheckel, KG Ryan, CG Lombi, E AF Etschmann, Barbara E. Donner, Erica Brugger, Joel Howard, Daryl L. de Jonge, Martin D. Paterson, David Naidu, Ravi Scheckel, Kirk G. Ryan, Chris G. Lombi, Enzo TI Speciation mapping of environmental samples using XANES imaging SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE agriculture; biosolids; copper ID BIOSOLIDS-AMENDED SOILS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; NUCLEAR MICROPROBE; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; WASTE-WATER; BIOAVAILABILITY; CADMIUM; COPPER AB Fast X-ray detectors with large solid angles and high dynamic ranges open the door to XANES imaging, in which millions of spectra are collected to image the speciation of metals at micrometre resolution, over areas up to several square centimetres. This paper explores how such multispectral datasets can be analysed in order to provide further insights into the distribution of Cu species in fresh and stockpiled biosolids. The approach demonstrated uses Principal Components Analysis to extract the 'significant' spectral information from the XANES maps, followed by cluster analysis to locate regions of contrasting spectral signatures. Following this model-free analysis, pixel-by-pixel linear combination fits are used to provide a direct link between bulk and imaging XANES spectroscopy. The results indicate that both the speciation and distribution of Cu species are significantly affected by ageing. The majority of heterogeneously distributed micrometre-sized Cu sulfide particles present in fresh biosolids disappear during the oxidative stockpiling process. In aged biosolids most of the Cu is homogeneously redistributed on organic matter suggesting that Cu mobility is temporarily increased during this redistribution process. This manuscript demonstrates how large XANES imaging datasets could be analysed and used to gain a deep understanding of metal speciation in environmental samples. C1 [Etschmann, Barbara E.] S Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Etschmann, Barbara E.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem Engn, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Brugger, Joel; Naidu, Ravi; Lombi, Enzo] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. [Donner, Erica; Naidu, Ravi] CRC CARE, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia. [Brugger, Joel] Monash Univ, Sch Geosci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Howard, Daryl L.; de Jonge, Martin D.; Paterson, David] Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. [Ryan, Chris G.] CSIRO, Earth Sci & Resource Engn, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. RP Lombi, E (reprint author), Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Bldg 10,Mawson Lakes Campus, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia. EM enzo.lombi@unisa.edu.au RI Donner, Erica/A-4809-2012; de Jonge, Martin/C-3400-2011; Ryan, Chris/A-6032-2011; Lombi, Enzo/F-3860-2013; Brugger, Joel/C-7113-2008; OI Donner, Erica/0000-0001-6465-2233; Ryan, Chris/0000-0003-2891-3912; Lombi, Enzo/0000-0003-3384-0375; Brugger, Joel/0000-0003-1510-5764; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Australian Research Council [DP0878903]; Co-operative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE); US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors acknowledge the Australian Research Council (fellowship DP0878903 to J. Brugger). Part of this research was undertaken on the X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy beamline at the Australian Synchrotron. Financial support was provided by the Co-operative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC-CARE). The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded or managed a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 27 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-2517 EI 1449-8979 J9 ENVIRON CHEM JI Environ. Chem. PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3 BP 341 EP 350 DI 10.1071/EN13189 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN0JH UT WOS:000340270200013 ER PT J AU Ginsberg, G Sonawane, B Nath, R Lewandowski, P AF Ginsberg, G. Sonawane, B. Nath, R. Lewandowski, P. TI METHYLMERCURY-INDUCED INHIBITION OF PARAOXONASE-1 (PON1)-IMPLICATIONS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR RISK SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; HUMAN SERUM PARAOXONASE; HOMOCYSTEINE-THIOLACTONASE ACTIVITY; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; LEAD-EXPOSED WORKERS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PON1 ACTIVITY; FISH CONSUMPTION AB Methylmercury (MeHg) has been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease in some but not all epidemiology studies. These inconsistent results may stem from the fact that exposure typically occurs in the context of fish consumption, which is also associated with cardioprotective factors such as omega-3 fatty acids. Mechanistic information may help to understand whether MeHg represents a risk to cardiovascular health. MeHg is a pro-oxidant that inactivates protein sulfhydryls. These biochemical effects may diminish critical antioxidant defense mechanism(s) involved in protecting against atherosclerosis. One such defense mechanism is paraoxonase-1 (PON1), an enzyme present on high-density lipoproteins and that prevents the oxidation of blood lipids and their deposition in vascular endothelium. PON1 is potentially useful as a clinical biomarker of cardiovascular risk, as well as a critical enzyme in the detoxification of certain organophosphate oxons. MeHg and other metals are known to inhibit PON1 activity in vitro. MeHg is associated with lowered serum PON1 activity in a fish-eating population. The implications of lowering PON1 are evaluated by predicting the shift in PON1 population distribution induced by various doses of MeHg. An MeHg dose of 0.3 mu g/kg/d is estimated to decrease the population average PON1 level by 6.1% and to increase population risk of acute cardiovascular events by 9.7%. This evaluation provides a plausible mechanism for MeHg-induced cardiovascular risk and suggests means to quantify the risk. This case study exemplifies the use of upstream disease biomarkers to evaluate the additive effect of chemical toxicity with background disease processes in assessing human risk. C1 [Ginsberg, G.] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Sonawane, B.; Nath, R.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lewandowski, P.] Deakin Univ, Sch Med, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia. RP Ginsberg, G (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Community Med, 270 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06032 USA. EM gary.ginsberg@ct.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellowship; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment; State of Minnesota FX This research was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellowship for Dr. Ginsberg with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment. Dr. Ginsberg has also received support from the State of Minnesota to perform related research on the risks and benefits of fish consumption. The authors had the sole responsibility for the writing and content of the article. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and/or policies of the University of Connecticut, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or Deakin University. NR 110 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2014 VL 77 IS 17 BP 1004 EP 1023 DI 10.1080/15287394.2014.919837 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AN0MW UT WOS:000340279700002 PM 25072822 ER PT J AU Kodavanti, UP Andrews, D Schladweiler, MC Gavett, SH Dodd, DE Cyphert, JM AF Kodavanti, Urmila P. Andrews, Debora Schladweiler, Mette C. Gavett, Stephen H. Dodd, Darol E. Cyphert, Jaime M. TI EARLY AND DELAYED EFFECTS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING ASBESTOS ON SERUM BIOMARKERS OF INFLAMMATION AND METABOLISM SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; LIBBY AMPHIBOLE; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA; INHALATION EXPOSURE; FISCHER-344 RATS; GENE-EXPRESSION; LUNG FIBROSIS; OSTEOPONTIN AB Studies recently showed that intratracheal (IT) instillation of Libby amphibole (LA) increases circulating acute-phase proteins (APP; alpha-2 macroglobulin, A2M; and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, AGP) and inflammatory biomarkers (osteopontin and lipocalin) in rats. In this study, objectives were to (1) compare changes in biomarkers of rats after instillation of different naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) minerals including LA, Sumas Mountain chrysotile (SM), El Dorado Hills tremolite (ED), and Ontario ferroactinolite cleavage fragments (ON), and (2) examine biomarkers after subchronic LA or amosite inhalation exposure. Rat-respirable fractions (aerodynamic diameter approximately 2.5 mu m) prepared by water elutriation were delivered via a single IT instillation at doses of 0, 0.5, and 1.5 mg/rat in male F344 rats. Nose-only inhalation exposures were performed at 0, 1, 3.3, and 10 mg/m(3) for LA and at 3.3 mg /m(3) for amosite, 6h/d, 5 d/wk for 13 wk. Inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and cancer biomarkers were analyzed in the serum for up to 18 mo. IT instillation of some asbestos materials significantly increased serum AGP and A2M but to a varying degree (SM = LA > ON = ED). Numerical increases in interleukin (IL)-6 and osteopontin occurred in rats instilled with SM. SM and ED also elevated leptin and insulin at 15 mo, suggesting potential metabolic effects. LA inhalation tended to raise A2M at d 1 but not cytokines. Serum mesothelin appeared to elevate after 18 mo of LA inhalation. These results suggest that the lung injury induced by high levels of asbestos materials may be associated with systemic inflammatory changes and predisposition to insulin resistance. C1 [Kodavanti, Urmila P.; Schladweiler, Mette C.; Gavett, Stephen H.] US EPA, Cardiopulm & Immunotoxicol Branch, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Andrews, Debora] US EPA, Prote Core, Res Cores Unit, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Dodd, Darol E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cyphert, Jaime M.] NIEHS, Matrix Biol Grp, Lab Resp Biol, Div Intramural Res,NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Kodavanti.Urmila@epa.gov NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2014 VL 77 IS 17 BP 1024 EP 1039 DI 10.1080/15287394.2014.899171 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AN0MW UT WOS:000340279700003 PM 25072823 ER PT J AU Chernoff, N Rogers, EH Zehr, RD Gage, MI Travlos, GS Malarkey, DE Brix, A Schmid, JE Hill, D AF Chernoff, N. Rogers, E. H. Zehr, R. D. Gage, M. I. Travlos, G. S. Malarkey, D. E. Brix, A. Schmid, J. E. Hill, D. TI THE COURSE OF TOXICITY IN THE PREGNANT MOUSE AFTER EXPOSURE TO THE CYANOBACTERIAL TOXIN CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN: CLINICAL EFFECTS, SERUM CHEMISTRIES, HEMATOLOGY, AND HISTOPATHOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID ISLAND MYSTERY DISEASE; SWISS ALBINO MICE; 2 GERMAN LAKES; RACIBORSKII CYANOBACTERIA; 1ST REPORT; CYANOTOXIN CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN; ORAL TOXICITY; IDENTIFICATION; STRAIN; DEOXYCYLINDROSPERMOPSIN AB Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a toxin produced by a variety of fresh-water cyanobacterial species worldwide and induces significant adverse effects in both livestock and humans. This study investigated the course of CYN-induced toxicity in pregnant mice exposed daily during either the period of major organogenesis (gestation days [GD] 8-12) or fetal growth (GD13-17). Endpoints include clinical signs of toxicity, serum analyses to evaluate hepatic and renal function, histopathology of liver and kidney, and hematology. Study animals were administered 50 mu g/kg CYN once daily by ip route and euthanized 24 h after 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 consecutive doses, or 6 or 13 d after the dosing period. The course of the CYN-induced effects was determined at all euthanasia times for the endpoints just outlined. Results indicated that CYN is a toxin, producing lethality in dams during the early part of gestation, significant weight loss, and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, tail tip, and peri-orbital tissues. Effects also included alterations in serum markers for liver function, histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissues, electrolyte abnormalities, leukocytosis, and posttreatment thrombocytopenia and reticulocytosis. The onset of symptoms was rapid, producing reductions in weight gain in GD8-12 animals, bleeding in the vaginal area in GD13-17 animals, and significant increases in sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) in both groups after a single dose. Although the GD8-12 dams displayed a 50% lethality, in GD13-17 animals only a single death occurred. Alterations seen in hepatic and renal function or histopathology do not appear to be of sufficient severity to produce death. Evidence indicates that bleeding may play a critical role in the onset of symptoms and eventually, in the observed lethality. C1 [Chernoff, N.; Rogers, E. H.; Zehr, R. D.; Gage, M. I.; Schmid, J. E.; Hill, D.] US EPA, ORD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Travlos, G. S.; Malarkey, D. E.; Brix, A.] NIEHS, Cellular & Mol Pathol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Chernoff, N (reprint author), US EPA, MD B105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM chernoff.neil@epa.gov FU Division of the National Toxicology Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This research was supported [in part] by the Division of the National Toxicology Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. The information in this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subject to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2014 VL 77 IS 17 BP 1040 EP 1060 DI 10.1080/15287394.2014.919838 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AN0MW UT WOS:000340279700004 PM 25072824 ER PT J AU Andersen, EM Sobus, JR Strynar, MJ Pleil, JD Nakayama, SF AF Andersen, Erik M. Sobus, Jon R. Strynar, Mark J. Pleil, Joachim D. Nakayama, Shoji F. TI EVALUATING AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR RAPID URINARY CREATININE DETERMINATION SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SERUM CREATININE; EXPOSURE; SPECIMEN; ACID AB Creatinine (CR) is an endogenously produced chemical that is routinely assayed in urine specimens to assess kidney function and sample dilution. The industry-standard method for CR determination, known as the kinetic Jaffe (KJ) method, relies on an exponential rate of a colorimetric change, and can therefore require automated processing equipment for moderateto high-throughput analysis (hundreds to thousands of samples per day). This study evaluates an alternative colorimetric method, the "plateau Jaffe" (PJ) method, which utilizes the chemistry of the KJ method, a commercially available kit, and a multipoint calibration curve. This method is amenable to moderate-throughput sample analysis and does not require automated processing equipment. Thirty-two spot urine samples from healthy adult volunteers were analyzed for creatinine concentration (CRc) using the KJ and PJ methods. Samples were also analyzed using a liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS) method, which acted as an analytical control. Replicate measurements of spot samples (natural log-transformed values) were used to estimate method precision, and linear regression models were used to evaluate method accuracy (LC-TOF/MS measurements were considered the analytical benchmark). Measurement precision was comparable across all three methods, with coefficent of variation estimates ranging from 3 to 6%. Regression models generally showed good agreement across methods with R-2 estimates ranging from .996 to .998, slope estimates ranging from .944 to .986, and y-intercept estimates ranging from 0.111 to 0.303. Minor bias (between 2 and 16%) was observed across methods at the tails of the measurement distributions. The provided regression equations can be used to adjust for this bias and to improve CR measurement comparisons across studies employing different methods. Considering these results, the PJ method is a suitable alternative to the industry standard KJ method for urinary CRc determination. It can be implemented for moderate-throughput sample analysis using modest and commonly available lab instrumentation and manual sample preparation techniques. C1 [Andersen, Erik M.; Sobus, Jon R.; Strynar, Mark J.; Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Nakayama, Shoji F.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Environm Hlth Sci, Integrated Hlth Risk Assessment Sect, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Sobus, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code E205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sobus.jon@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2014 VL 77 IS 18 BP 1114 EP 1123 DI 10.1080/15287394.2014.922391 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AN0NB UT WOS:000340280200006 PM 25072898 ER PT J AU Leist, M Hasiwa, N Rovida, C Daneshian, M Basketter, D Kimber, I Clewell, H Gocht, T Goldberg, A Busquet, F Rossi, AM Schwarz, M Stephens, M Taalman, R Knudsen, TB McKim, J Harris, G Pamies, D Hartung, T AF Leist, Marcel Hasiwa, Nina Rovida, Costanza Daneshian, Mardas Basketter, David Kimber, Ian Clewell, Harvey Gocht, Tilman Goldberg, Alan Busquet, Francois Rossi, Anna-Maria Schwarz, Michael Stephens, Martin Taalman, Rob Knudsen, Thomas B. McKim, James Harris, Georgina Pamies, David Hartung, Thomas TI Consensus Report on the Future of Animal-Free Systemic Toxicity Testing SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE safety testing; animal-free testing; systemic toxicity; adverse outcome pathways ID EVIDENCE-BASED TOXICOLOGY; IN-VITRO METHODS; STEM-CELL TEST; TEST H-CLAT; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SAFETY ASSESSMENT; HAZARD ASSESSMENT; MODULAR APPROACH; TOXCAST PROGRAM AB Since March 2013, animal use for cosmetics testing for the European market has been banned. This requires a renewed view on risk assessment in this field. However, in other fields as well, traditional animal experimentation does not always satisfy requirements in safety testing, as the need for human-relevant information is ever increasing. A general strategy for animal-free test approaches was outlined by the US National Research Council's vision document for Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century in 2007. It is now possible to provide a more defined roadmap on how to implement this vision for the four principal areas of systemic toxicity evaluation: repeat dose organ toxicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity and allergy induction (skin sensitization), as well as for the evaluation of toxicant metabolism (toxicokinetics) (Fig. 1). CAAT-Europe assembled experts from Europe, America and Asia to design a scientific roadmap for future risk assessment approaches and the outcome was then further discussed and refined in two consensus meetings with over 200 stakeholders. The key recommendations include: focusing on improving existing methods rather than favoring de novo design; combining hazard testing with toxicokinetics predictions; developing integrated test strategies; incorporating new high content endpoints to classical assays; evolving test validation procedures; promoting collaboration and data-sharing of different industrial sectors; integrating new disciplines, such as systems biology and high throughput screening; and involving regulators early on in the test development process. A focus on data quality, combined with increased attention to the scientific background of a test method, will be important drivers. Information from each test system should be mapped along adverse outcome pathways. Finally, quantitative information on all factors and key events will be fed into systems biology models that allow a probabilistic risk assessment with flexible adaptation to exposure scenarios and individual risk factors. C1 [Leist, Marcel; Hasiwa, Nina; Rovida, Costanza; Daneshian, Mardas; Busquet, Francois; Rossi, Anna-Maria; Hartung, Thomas] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Leist, Marcel] Univ Konstanz, Doerenkamp Zbinden Chair In Vitro Toxicol & Biome, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Basketter, David] DABMEB Consultancy Ltd, Sharnbrook, Beds, England. [Kimber, Ian] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Clewell, Harvey] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gocht, Tilman; Schwarz, Michael] Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. [Goldberg, Alan; Stephens, Martin; Harris, Georgina; Pamies, David; Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, CAAT, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, Baltimore, MD USA. [Taalman, Rob] Cosmet Europe, Brussels, Belgium. [Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McKim, James] CeeTox, Kalamazoo, MI USA. RP Leist, M (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Box M657, D-78457 Constance, Germany. EM marcel.leist@uni.konstanz.de RI Leist, Marcel/D-2133-2010; OI Leist, Marcel/0000-0002-3778-8693; Gocht, Tilma/0000-0002-2491-2050 FU Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation FX a report of t4 - the transatlantic think tank for toxicology, a collaboration of the toxicologically oriented chairs in Baltimore, Konstanz and Utrecht, sponsored by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation. NR 94 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 6 U2 26 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 3 BP 341 EP 356 PG 16 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA AL9NU UT WOS:000339468800010 PM 25061899 ER PT J AU Andersen, ME Betts, K Dragan, Y Fitzpatrick, S Goodman, JL Hartung, T Himmelfarb, J Ingber, DE Jacobs, A Kavlock, R Kolaja, K Stevens, JL Tagle, D Taylor, DL Throckmorton, D AF Andersen, Melvin E. Betts, Kellyn Dragan, Yvonne Fitzpatrick, Suzanne Goodman, Jesse L. Hartung, Thomas Himmelfarb, Jonathan Ingber, Donald E. Jacobs, Abigail Kavlock, Robert Kolaja, Kyle Stevens, James L. Tagle, Dan Taylor, D. Lansing Throckmorton, Douglas TI Developing Microphysiological Systems for Use as Regulatory Tools - Challenges and Opportunities SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHIP C1 [Andersen, Melvin E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Dragan, Yvonne] AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA USA. [Fitzpatrick, Suzanne] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Goodman, Jesse L.] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, Baltimore, MD USA. [Himmelfarb, Jonathan] Univ Washington, Kidney Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Ingber, Donald E.] Harvard Univ, Wyss Inst Biol Inspired Engn, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jacobs, Abigail; Throckmorton, Douglas] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Kavlock, Robert] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kolaja, Kyle] Cellular Dynamics Int Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Stevens, James L.] Lilly Res Labs, Greenfield, IN 46140 USA. [Tagle, Dan] Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Taylor, D. Lansing] Univ Pittsburgh, Drug Discovery Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Betts, K (reprint author), 8023 Glenside Dr, Takoma Pk, MD USA. EM k_betts@nasw.org OI Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811 FU NCATS NIH HHS [U18 TR000547, UH3 TR000504, UH2 TR000504] NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 3 BP 364 EP 367 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA AL9NU UT WOS:000339468800012 PM 25061900 ER PT J AU Brantley, HL Hagler, GSW Kimbrough, ES Williams, RW Mukerjee, S Neas, LM AF Brantley, H. L. Hagler, G. S. W. Kimbrough, E. S. Williams, R. W. Mukerjee, S. Neas, L. M. TI Mobile air monitoring data-processing strategies and effects on spatial air pollution trends SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLE CONCENTRATIONS; VEHICLE EMISSION FACTORS; PARTICULATE MATTER; LOS-ANGELES; TRAFFIC EMISSIONS; BLACK CARBON; QUALITY; PLATFORM; IMPACTS; VARIABILITY AB The collection of real-time air quality measurements while in motion (i.e., mobile monitoring) is currently conducted worldwide to evaluate in situ emissions, local air quality trends, and air pollutant exposure. This measurement strategy pushes the limits of traditional data analysis with complex second-by-second multipollutant data varying as a function of time and location. Data reduction and filtering techniques are often applied to deduce trends, such as pollutant spatial gradients downwind of a highway. However, rarely do mobile monitoring studies report the sensitivity of their results to the chosen data-processing approaches. The study being reported here utilized 40 h (> 140 000 observations) of mobile monitoring data collected on a roadway network in central North Carolina to explore common data-processing strategies including local emission plume detection, background estimation, and averaging techniques for spatial trend analyses. One-second time resolution measurements of ultrafine particles (UFPs), black carbon (BC), particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were collected on 12 unique driving routes that were each sampled repeatedly. The route with the highest number of repetitions was used to compare local exhaust plume detection and averaging methods. Analyses demonstrate that the multiple local exhaust plume detection strategies reported produce generally similar results and that utilizing a median of measurements taken within a specified route segment (as opposed to a mean) may be sufficient to avoid bias in near-source spatial trends. A time-series-based method of estimating background concentrations was shown to produce similar but slightly lower estimates than a location-based method. For the complete data set the estimated contributions of the background to the mean pollutant concentrations were as follows: BC (15 %), UFPs (26%), CO (41 %), PM2.5-10 (45 %), NO2 (57 %), PM10 (60 %), PM2.5 (68 %). Lastly, while temporal smoothing (e. g., 5 s averages) results in weak pair-wise correlation and the blurring of spatial trends, spatial averaging (e. g., 10 m) is demonstrated to increase correlation and refine spatial trends. C1 [Brantley, H. L.; Hagler, G. S. W.; Kimbrough, E. S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Williams, R. W.; Mukerjee, S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Neas, L. M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hagler, GSW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hagler.gayle@epa.gov OI Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 FU ARCADIS [EP-C-09-027] FX This research would not have been possible without the careful field measurements conducted by ARCADIS employee Parikshit Deshmukh under contract EP-C-09-027. The authors are also grateful for the research support provided by a number of EPA staff in the Office of Research and Development, particularly Richard Shores, Bill Mitchell, and Robert Wright. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 34 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 7 BP 2169 EP 2183 DI 10.5194/amt-7-2169-2014 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AM5YN UT WOS:000339937200019 ER PT S AU Ryan, MG Vose, JM Hanson, PJ Iverson, LR Miniat, CF Luce, CH Band, LE Klein, SL McKenzie, D Wear, DN AF Ryan, Michael G. Vose, James M. Hanson, Paul J. Iverson, Louis R. Miniat, Chelcy F. Luce, Charles H. Band, Lawrence E. Klein, Steven L. McKenzie, Don Wear, David N. BE Peterson, DL Vose, JM PatelWeynand, T TI Forest Processes SO CLIMATE CHANGE AND UNITED STATES FORESTS SE Advances in Global Change Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; PROJECTED CLIMATE-CHANGE; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CO2 ENRICHMENT FACE; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; ELEVATED CO2; LONG-TERM; SOIL RESPIRATION; TREE MORTALITY C1 [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Vose, James M.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27613 USA. [Hanson, Paul J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Iverson, Louis R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH USA. [Miniat, Chelcy F.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Otto, NC USA. [Luce, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Band, Lawrence E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Klein, Steven L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA. [McKenzie, Don] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Wear, David N.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Vose, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Raleigh, NC 27613 USA. EM mike.ryan@colostate.edu; jvose@fs.fed.us; hansonpj@ornl.gov; liverson@fs.fed.us; crford@fs.fed.us; cluce@fs.fed.us; lband@email.unc.edu; klein.steve@epa.gov; donaldmckenzie@fs.fed.us; dwear@fs.fed.us OI Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783 NR 176 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0919 BN 978-94-007-7515-2; 978-94-007-7514-5 J9 ADV GLOB CHANGE RES JI Adv. Glob. Change Res. PY 2014 VL 57 BP 25 EP 54 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2_3 D2 10.1007/978-94-007-7515-2 PG 30 WC Environmental Studies; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BA9YP UT WOS:000339971600005 ER PT S AU Nolte, C Otte, T Pinder, R Bowden, J Herwehe, J Faluvegi, G Shindell, D AF Nolte, Christopher Otte, Tanya Pinder, Robert Bowden, J. Herwehe, J. Faluvegi, Greg Shindell, Drew BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Influences of Regional Climate Change on Air Quality Across the Continental US Projected from Downscaling IPCC AR5 Simulations SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Regional climate modeling; Climate change; Air quality; CMAQ ID REANALYSIS AB Projecting climate change scenarios to local scales is important for understanding, mitigating, and adapting to the effects of climate change on society and the environment. Many of the global climate models (GCMs) that are participating in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) do not fully resolve regional-scale processes and therefore cannot capture regional-scale changes in temperatures and precipitation. We use a regional climate model (RCM) to dynamically downscale the GCM's large-scale signal to investigate the changes in regional and local extremes of temperature and precipitation that may result from a changing climate. In this paper, we show preliminary results from downscaling the NASA/GISS ModelE IPCC AR5 Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 6.0 scenario. We use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model as the RCM to downscale decadal time slices (1995-2005 and 2025-2035) and illustrate potential changes in regional climate for the continental U. S. that are projected by ModelE and WRF under RCP6.0. The regional climate change scenario is further processed using the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system to explore influences of regional climate change on air quality. C1 [Nolte, Christopher; Otte, Tanya; Pinder, Robert; Herwehe, J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bowden, J.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Faluvegi, Greg; Shindell, Drew] NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. RP Nolte, C (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM nolte.chris@epa.gov RI Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; OI Spero, Tanya/0000-0002-1600-0422 FU The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 9 EP 12 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_2 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900002 ER PT S AU Garcia, V Porter, PS Gego, E Rao, ST AF Garcia, Valerie Porter, P. S. Gego, Edith Rao, S. T. BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Temporal Collinearity Amongst Modeled and Measured Pollutant Concentrations and Meteorology SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Epidemiology; CMAQ AB The results from epidemiology time series models that relate air quality to human health are often used in determining the need for emission controls in the United States. These epidemiology models, however, can be sensitive to collinearity among co-variates, potentially magnifying biases in the parameter estimates caused by exposure misclassification error or other deficiencies in the time series models by orders of magnitude. As a result, we examined collinearity among several covariates typically used in air quality epidemiology time series studies (ozone, fine particulate matter and its species, and temperature). In addition, we examined the ability of a bias-correction technique applied to estimates simulated by the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to "fill-in" for the spatial and temporal limitations of observations for purposes of reducing exposure misclassification. Specifically, we evaluated whether the bias-adjusted CMAQ estimates could replicate the correlation among variables seen in the observations. The results presented are for a domain east of the Rocky Mountains for the entire 2006 year and indicate that collinearity among covariates varies across space. C1 [Garcia, Valerie; Rao, S. T.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Porter, P. S.] Univ Idaho, Civil Engn Environm Engn, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Gego, Edith] Porter Gego & Associates, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Garcia, V (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM garcia.Val@epamail.epa.gov; porter@if.uidaho.edu; e.gego@onewest.net; rao.st@epa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 53 EP 57 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_9 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900009 ER PT S AU Ozkaynak, H Isakov, V Baxter, L Graham, SE Sarnat, SE Sarnat, JA Mulholland, J Turpin, B Rich, DQ Lunden, M AF Oezkaynak, Haluk Isakov, Vlad Baxter, Lisa Graham, Stephen E. Sarnat, Stefanie Ebert Sarnat, Jeremy A. Mulholland, James Turpin, Barbara Rich, David Q. Lunden, Melissa BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Evaluating Alternative Exposure Metrics Used for Multipollutant Air Quality and Human Health Studies SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Air pollution; Exposure; Air quality modeling; Epidemiologic studies ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY AB Epidemiologic studies of air pollution have traditionally relied upon surrogates of personal pollutant exposures, such as ambient concentration measurements from fixed-site pollutant monitors. This study evaluates the performance of alternative measured and modeled exposure metrics for multiple particulate and gaseous pollutants, in the context of different epidemiologic studies performed by EPA, Rutgers/Rochester/LBNL and Emory/Georgia Tech researchers. Alternative exposure estimation approaches used, included: central site or interpolated monitoring data, regional pollution levels based on measurements or models (CMAQ) and local scale (AERMOD) air quality models, hybrid models, statistically blended modeling and measurement data, concentrations adjusted by home infiltration rates based on LBNL algorithms, and population human exposure (SHEDS and APEX) model predictions. The Emory/Georgia Tech team examined the acute morbidity effects of ambient traffic-related pollutants (CO, NOx, PM2.5 and PM2.5 EC) and ozone using time series analyses of emergency department (ED) visits and case-crossover analysis of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) detected ventricular arrhythmias in Atlanta, GA. The Rutgers/Rochester/LBL team examined the associations between PM2.5 mass and its species with myocardial infarction (case-crossover study) and adverse birth outcomes (cohort study) in New Jersey. Initially, the various exposure indicators/metrics were compared in terms of their ability to characterize the spatial and temporal variations of multiple ambient air pollutants across the different study areas. These metrics were then used to examine associations between ambient air pollution and adverse health effects. Next, pollutant-specific relative risks (RRs) obtained from epidemiologic analyses of the alternative exposure metrics were evaluated against those obtained from using a conventional approach (i.e., central site data alone). Pollutant and metric dependent exposure prediction differences were found in some cases, indicating a non-uniform exposure prediction error structure across pollutants. Results suggest the need for additional refinements to methods used to estimate exposures in support of different types of air pollution epidemiologic studies. C1 [Oezkaynak, Haluk; Isakov, Vlad; Baxter, Lisa] US EPA, ORD, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Graham, Stephen E.] US EPA OAR OAQPS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Sarnat, Stefanie Ebert; Sarnat, Jeremy A.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mulholland, James] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Turpin, Barbara] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Rich, David Q.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Lunden, Melissa] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Ozkaynak, H (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM ozkaynak.haluk@epa.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 65 EP 71 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_11 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900011 ER PT S AU Porter, PS Gego, E Garcia, V Rao, ST AF Porter, P. S. Gego, Edith Garcia, Valerie Rao, S. T. BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Benefits of Using Enhanced Air Quality Information in Human Health Studies SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Human health; PM2.5; CMAQ AB The ability of four (4) enhancements of gridded PM2.5 concentrations derived from observations and air quality models to detect the relative risk of long-term exposure to PM2.5 are evaluated with a simulation study. The four enhancements include nearest-neighbor (NN or central monitor), ordinary kriging (OK), FUSED (bias-adjusted model output), and direct use of model outputs (CMAQ). The methods are applied to the state of New York. After adjusting for PM estimation bias and range modification, FUSED PM and CMAQ had similar performance and were better than kriged and nearest neighbor PM. C1 [Porter, P. S.] Univ Idaho, Civil Engn, Environm Engn, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Garcia, Valerie; Rao, S. T.] US EPA, AMAD NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Gego, Edith] Gego & Associates, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Porter, PS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Civil Engn, Environm Engn, Idaho Falls, ID USA. EM porter@if.uidaho.edu; garcia.val@epa.gov; Rao.ST@epamail.epa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 73 EP 78 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_12 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900012 ER PT S AU Mathur, R Roselle, S Young, J Kang, DW AF Mathur, Rohit Roselle, Shawn Young, Jeffrey Kang, Daiwen BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Representing the Effects of Long- Range Transport and Lateral Boundary Conditions in Regional Air Pollution Models SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE CMAQ-model; WRF; Ozone; PM 2.5 AB The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system was applied to a domain covering the northern hemisphere; meteorological information was derived from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model run on identical grid and projection configuration, while the emission inputs were derived from global inventories. The ability of the model to represent long-range transport of pollutants is analyzed through comparisons with aircraft measurements from the 2006 INTEX-B field campaign, ozonesonde profiles, and remotely sensed observations of aerosol optical depth. Time varying lateral boundary conditions from these hemispheric scale calculations were used to drive regional-scale air quality simulations over a finer resolution domain covering the continental United States. Comparison of model predictions with surface O-3 and PM(2.)5 measurements indicate comparable or better performance relative to other approaches (e.g., other global models, static profiles). The successful expansion of CMAQ to the hemispheric scales now provides a conceptual framework to examine interactions between atmospheric processes occurring at various spatial and temporal scales in a consistent manner. C1 [Mathur, Rohit; Roselle, Shawn; Young, Jeffrey] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kang, Daiwen] Comp Sci Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Mathur, R (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mathur.rohit@epa.gov NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 303 EP 308 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_51 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900050 ER PT S AU Solazzo, E Galmarini, S Bianconi, R Rao, ST AF Solazzo, Efisio Galmarini, Stefano Bianconi, Roberto Rao, S. Trivikrama BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Ensemble Modelling of Surface-Level Ozone in Europe and North America for AQMEII SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE AQMEII; Clustering; Multi-model ensemble; Ozone AB Eleven state-of-the-science regional air quality (AQ) models, exercised by 20 independent groups in Europe and North America, have been assembled for the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII). The modelled ground-level ozone mixing ratios are collectively examined from the ensemble perspective and evaluated against observations from both continents. We aim at creating optimized ensembles in order to capture the data variability while keeping the error low. It is shown that the most commonly used ensemble approach, namely the average over all available members, can be outperformed by subsets of members optimally selected in terms of bias, error, and correlation, independent of the skill of the individual members. A clustering methodology is applied to discriminate among members and to build a skilful ensemble based on model association and data clustering. C1 [Solazzo, Efisio; Galmarini, Stefano] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Bianconi, Roberto] Enviroware srl, Milan, Italy. [Rao, S. Trivikrama] US Environm Protect Agcy, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Solazzo, E (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. EM efisio.solazzo@jrc.ec.europa.eu; stefano.galmarini@jrc.ec.europa.eu; Rao.ST@epamail.epa.gov NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 351 EP 356 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_59 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900058 ER PT S AU Solazzo, E Galmarini, S Bianconi, R Rao, ST AF Solazzo, Efisio Galmarini, Stefano Bianconi, Roberto Rao, S. Trivikrama BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Model Evaluation for Surface Concentration of Particulate Matter in Europe and North America in the Context of AQMEII SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE AQMEII; Model intercomparison; Model evaluation; Particulate matter AB Ten state-of-the-science regional air quality (AQ) modeling systems have been applied to continental-scale domains in North America and Europe for full-year simulations of 2006 for the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII), whose main goals are model inter-comparison and model evaluation. Model simulations are inter-compared and evaluated with a large set of observations for ground-level particulate matter (PM10 and PM(2.)5) and its chemical components. Analyses of PM10 time series show a large model underestimation throughout the year. Moreover, a large variability among models in predictions of emissions, deposition, and concentration of PM and its precursors has been found. C1 [Solazzo, Efisio; Galmarini, Stefano] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Bianconi, Roberto] Enviroware srl Concorezzo, Milan, Italy. [Rao, S. Trivikrama] US Environm Protect Agcy, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Solazzo, E (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. EM efisio.solazzo@jrc.ec.europa.eu; stefano.galmarini@jrc.ec.europa.eu; Rao.ST@epamail.epa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 375 EP 379 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_63 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900062 ER PT S AU Solazzo, E Galmarini, S Bianconi, R Hogrefe, C Rao, ST AF Solazzo, Efisio Galmarini, Stefano Bianconi, Roberto Hogrefe, C. Rao, S. Trivikrama BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI AQMEII and MOZAIC: Evaluating Regional Scale Model Ability to Capture the Vertical Distribution of Pollutants SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Model evaluation; Vertical profiles ID NORTH-AMERICA; CONTEXT; SYSTEM; EUROPE AB As part of the AQMEII project, vertical profiles of a number of variables simulated by several state-of-the-science regional-scale air quality (AQ) models are evaluated against measurements collected by instrumented aircraft over Europe (EU) and North America (NA) continental-scale domains for the full year of 2006. Tropospheric profiles of ozone, carbon monoxide, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity simulated by the AQ models at 12 selected airport locations in NA and 3 in EU are considered here for model evaluation. Moreover, in this study, several model outputs are inter-compared to examine the models' ability to reproduce the observed variability for ozone. C1 [Solazzo, Efisio; Galmarini, Stefano] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Bianconi, Roberto] Enviroware srl, Milan, Italy. [Hogrefe, C.; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US Environm Protect Agcy, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Washington, DC USA. RP Solazzo, E (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Via E Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. EM efisio.solazzo@jrc.ec.europa.eu; stefano.galmarini@jrc.ec.europa.eu; hogrefe.christian@epa.gov; Rao.ST@epamail.epa.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 419 EP 423 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_71 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900070 ER PT S AU Rao, ST Mathur, R Hogrefe, C Solazzo, E Galmarini, S Steyn, DG AF Rao, S. T. Mathur, Rohit Hogrefe, Christian Solazzo, Efisio Galmarini, Stefano Steyn, Douw G. BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII): A Two-Continent Effort for the Evaluation of Regional Air Quality Models SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Model evaluation; AQMEII AB With the endorsement and support from the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, European Commission, and Environment Canada, a project entitled Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) was launched in 2009 by bringing together scientists from Europe and North America (Rao ST, Galmarini S, Puckett K, Bull Am Meteorol Soc 92: 23-30, 2011). Several regional-scale numerical photochemical models were applied over the North American and European domains with 2006 emissions inventory. Several papers resulting from this international collaborative effort were accepted for publication in the AQMEII special issue of Atmospheric Environment. Also, a large 4-D database, assembled by EU Joint Research Centre for the AQMEII project, is now available to all scientists interested in developing innovative model evaluation techniques (Galmarini S, Rao ST, Atmos Environ 45(14): 2464, 2011). Having successfully completed the first phase of AQMEII, Phase 2 of AQMEII was launched at the 2011 AQMEII workshop in Chapel Hill, NC, USA to focus on the interactions of air quality and climate change. In Phase 2, coupled meteorology-atmospheric chemistry models will be exercised over the two continents with a common emissions database to assess how well the current generation of coupled regional-scale air quality models can simulate the spatio-temporal variability in the optical and radiative characteristics of atmospheric aerosols and associated feedbacks among aerosols, radiations, clouds, and precipitation. The results from AQMEII Phase 2 would be useful to policy makers for developing effective policies to deal with air pollution and climate change. C1 [Rao, S. T.; Mathur, Rohit; Hogrefe, Christian] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Solazzo, Efisio; Galmarini, Stefano] European Union Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Ispra, Italy. [Steyn, Douw G.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP Rao, ST (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM strao@ncsu.edu FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, European Union Joint Research Center; Environment Canada to the AQMEII.; AQMEII; HTAP; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, FX The authors are grateful for the support of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, European Union Joint Research Center, and Environment Canada to the AQMEII. Several researchers from the private sector and academia from the United States, Europe, and Canada have contributed to the AQMEII and HTAP projects. Disclaimer Although this paper has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, it does not reflect the views and policies of the Agency. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 455 EP 462 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_77 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900076 ER PT S AU Napelenok, SL Bhave, PV Simon, H Pouliot, GA Lewandowski, M Sheesley, R AF Napelenok, Sergey L. Bhave, Prakash V. Simon, Heather Pouliot, George A. Lewandowski, Michael Sheesley, Rebecca BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Diagnostic Evaluation of Carbon Sources in CMAQ SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE CMAQ; Air quality modeling; Diagnostic model evaluation; Elemental carbon; Organic carbon; Organic tracer AB Traditional monitoring networks measure only total elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) routinely. Diagnosing model biases with such limited information is difficult. Measurements of organic tracer compounds have recently become available and allow for more detailed diagnostic evaluation of CMAQ modeling results, which allow for more explicit representation of secondary organic aerosols. An enhanced version of the model makes it possible to track contributions from various sources of primary organic aerosols and elemental carbon, providing more in-depth evaluation of model biases. An ambient PM2.5 measurement campaign conducted in four Midwestern U. S. cities in March 2004 February 2005 allows for direct comparison of modeled and measured organic carbon concentrations by primary and secondary source category. C1 [Napelenok, Sergey L.; Bhave, Prakash V.; Simon, Heather; Pouliot, George A.; Lewandowski, Michael] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Sheesley, Rebecca] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76706 USA. RP Napelenok, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM napelenok.sergey@epa.gov RI Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 463 EP 467 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_78 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900077 ER PT S AU Sarwar, G Chen, S Henderson, B Fahey, K Gilliam, R Pouliot, G Czader, B Rappenglueck, B AF Sarwar, Golam Chen, Shuang Henderson, Barron Fahey, Kathleen Gilliam, Robert Pouliot, George Czader, Beata Rappenglueck, Bernhard BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Simulation of Atmospheric Oxidation Capacity in Houston, Texas SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE CMAQ-model; Model evaluation; Aerosols ID CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; AIR-QUALITY; OZONE AB Air quality model simulations are performed and evaluated for Houston using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. The simulations use two different emissions estimates: the EPA 2005 National Emissions Inventory (NEI) and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) Emissions Inventory. A comparison of predictions with observed data from the 2006 TexAQS-II Radical and Aerosol Measurement Project (TRAMP) suggest that while the predicted oxides of nitrogen are greater than observations, predicted volatile organics (e. g., ethane, acetone) are substantially lower than the observations. Predicted hydroxyl radical predictions are in good agreement with the observations. Hydroperoxy radical predictions, however, are substantially lower than the observations. C1 [Sarwar, Golam; Henderson, Barron; Fahey, Kathleen; Gilliam, Robert; Pouliot, George] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Chen, Shuang] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA USA. [Czader, Beata; Rappenglueck, Bernhard] Univ Houston, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA. RP Sarwar, G (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM sarwar.golam@epa.gov OI Henderson, Barron/0000-0002-6755-3051 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 481 EP 486 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_81 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900080 ER PT S AU Hogrefe, C Doraiswamy, P Colle, B Demerjian, K Hao, W Erickson, M Souders, M Ku, JY AF Hogrefe, Christian Doraiswamy, Prakash Colle, Brian Demerjian, Kenneth Hao, Winston Erickson, Michael Souders, Matthew Ku, Jia-Yeong BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI Meteorology, Emissions, and Grid Resolution: Effects on Discrete and Probabilistic Model Performance SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Ensemble modeling; Model evaluation; Direct decoupled method ID SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS AB In this study, we analyze the impacts of perturbations in meteorology and emissions and variations in grid resolution on air quality forecast simulations. The meteorological perturbations considered in this study introduce a typical variability of similar to 1 degrees C, 250-500 m, 1 m/s, and 15-30 degrees for temperature, PBL height, wind speed, and wind direction, respectively. The effects of grid resolution are typically smaller and more localized. Results of the air quality simulations show that the perturbations in meteorology tend to have a larger impact on pollutant concentrations than emission perturbations and grid resolution effects. Operational model evaluation results show that the meteorological and grid resolution ensembles impact a wider range of model performance metrics than emission perturbations. Probabilistic model performance was found to vary with exceedance thresholds. The results of this study suggest that meteorological perturbations introduced through ensemble weather forecasts are the most important factor in constructing a model-based O-3 and PM2.5 ensemble forecasting system. C1 [Hogrefe, Christian] US EPA, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Hogrefe, Christian; Doraiswamy, Prakash; Demerjian, Kenneth] Univ Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY USA. [Hogrefe, Christian; Hao, Winston; Ku, Jia-Yeong] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Albany, NY USA. [Doraiswamy, Prakash] RTI Int, Durham, NC USA. [Colle, Brian; Erickson, Michael; Souders, Matthew] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY USA. RP Hogrefe, C (reprint author), US EPA, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM hogrefe.christian@epa.gov FU New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) [10599] FX Although this work has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it does not reflect the views and policies of the agency. The model simulations analyzed in this presentation were performed by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) with partial support from the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) under agreement #10599. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of NYSDEC or NYSERDA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 493 EP 497 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_83 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900082 ER PT S AU Hogrefe, C Szykman, J Gilliam, R Godowitch, J Roselle, S Crawford, J Plessel, T Silverman, M Cammas, JP Volz-Thomas, A Rao, ST AF Hogrefe, Christian Szykman, Jim Gilliam, Robert Godowitch, Jim Roselle, Shawn Crawford, Jim Plessel, T. Silverman, Morgan Cammas, J. P. Volz-Thomas, A. Rao, S. T. BE Steyn, DG Builtjes, PJH Timmermans, RMA TI A Comparison of Modeled Pollutant Profiles with MOZAIC Aircraft Measurements SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXII SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 32nd NATO/SPS International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application CY MAY 07-11, 2012 CL Utrecht, NETHERLANDS SP N Atlantic Treaty Org Sci Peace & Secur, TNO, VVM, Univ British Columbia, Earth, Environm & Life Sci, Univ British Columbia, Space Sci, Environm Canada, European Assoc Sci Air Pollut DE Model Evaluation; MOZAIC; CMAQ; AQMEII; Ozonesondes ID DOMAINS AB In this study, we use measurements performed under the MOZAIC program to evaluate vertical profiles of meteorological parameters, CO, and ozone that were simulated for the year 2006 with several versions of the WRF/CMAQ modeling system. Model updates, including WRF nudging strategies, boundary conditions, lightning NO emissions, and vertical transport were found to affect the simulated profiles. MOZAIC descent/ascent pairs provide a unique dataset to investigate PBL structure and its representation in regional-scale models during afternoon and early evening hours. Other data sources (e. g. ozonesondes, field studies such as DISCOVER-AQ) can be used to complement MOZAIC measurements in evaluating upper air predictions by regional-scale models over various airsheds. C1 [Hogrefe, Christian; Szykman, Jim; Godowitch, Jim; Roselle, Shawn; Rao, S. T.] US EPA, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Hogrefe, C (reprint author), US EPA, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM hogrefe.christian@epa.gov RI Volz-Thomas, Andreas/J-7223-2012 OI Volz-Thomas, Andreas/0000-0003-3700-1667 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-94-007-5576-5; 978-94-007-5577-2 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2014 BP 577 EP 580 DI 10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_97 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BA9HI UT WOS:000339389900096 ER PT S AU Gomez-Alvarez, V AF Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente BE Donelli, G TI Biofilm-Growing Bacteria Involved in the Corrosion of Concrete Wastewater Pipes: Protocols for Comparative Metagenomic Analyses SO MICROBIAL BIOFILMS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Metagenome; 454 Pyrosequencing; Next-generation sequencing (NGS); Metabolic pathways; Function annotation; Taxonomic classification ID FUNCTIONAL ANNOTATION; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; SEWER SYSTEMS; GENOME SIZE; COMMUNITY; SEQUENCES; TECHNOLOGIES; CYTOSCAPE; RESOURCE; QUALITY AB Advances in high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology for direct sequencing of environmental DNA (i.e., shotgun metagenomics) are transforming the field of microbiology. NGS technologies are now regularly being applied in comparative metagenomic studies, which provide the data for functional annotations, taxonomic comparisons, community profile, and metabolic reconstructions. For example, comparative metagenomic analysis of corroded pipes unveiled novel insights on the bacterial populations associated with the sulfur and nitrogen cycle, which may be directly or indirectly implicated in concrete wastewater pipe corrosion. The objective of this chapter is to describe the steps involved in the taxonomic and functional analysis of metagenome datasets from biofilm involved in microbial-induced concrete corrosion (MICC). C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gomez-Alvarez, V (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-0467-9; 978-1-4939-0466-2 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1147 BP 323 EP 340 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0467-9_23 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-0467-9 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA8QY UT WOS:000338498200024 PM 24664844 ER PT B AU Iannone, G Chase, AF Chase, DZ Awe, J Moyes, H Brook, G Polk, J Webster, J Conolly, J AF Iannone, Gyles Chase, Arlen F. Chase, Diane Z. Awe, Jaime Moyes, Holley Brook, George Polk, Jason Webster, James Conolly, James BE Iannone, G TI An Archaeological Consideration of Long-Term Socioecological Dynamics on the Vaca Plateau, Belize SO GREAT MAYA DROUGHTS IN CULTURAL CONTEXT: CASE STUDIES IN RESILIENCE AND VULNERABILITY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Iannone, Gyles; Conolly, James] Trent Univ, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Chase, Arlen F.; Chase, Diane Z.] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Awe, Jaime] Archaeol Inst, Belmopan, Belize. [Moyes, Holley] Univ Calif Merced, Merced, CA USA. [Brook, George] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Polk, Jason] Western Kentucky Univ, Bowling Green, KY USA. [Webster, James] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Iannone, G (reprint author), Trent Univ, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV PRESS COLORADO PI BOULDER PA 5589 ARAPAHOE AVE, STE 206C, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA BN 978-1-60732-280-1; 978-1-60732-279-5 PY 2014 BP 271 EP 300 DI 10.5876/9781607322801.c013 PG 30 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA BA6PC UT WOS:000337220300013 ER PT J AU Galat, DL Berkley, J AF Galat, David L. Berkley, Jim TI Introduction to exploring opportunities for advancing collaborative adaptive management (CAM): integrating experience and practice SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE adaptive comanagement; case studies; collaborative adaptive management; Collaborative Adaptive Management Network; experiential learning; lessons learned; natural resource practitioners; science-policy dialogue AB This Special Feature of Ecology and Society seeks to communicate a practitioner's perspective on the application of collaborative adaptive management (CAM) to contemporary natural resource management problems. One goal is to create an ongoing mechanism for dialogue that can connect practitioners, researchers, and policy makers. The core 15 papers are grouped into 3 categories that: (1) describe lessons learned through the practice of applying CAM principles to a specific project or generalizing principles from outcomes of a specific project; (2) summarize lessons learned from the author's extensive CAM experiences; and (3) seek to be instructive of one or more CAM principles through a survey, evaluation, or comparison of multiple projects. Follow-up questions were submitted by authors to the online discussion section of Ecology and Society to stimulate interactive communication among readers and authors about their papers and CAM in general. C1 [Galat, David L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Berkley, Jim] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Galat, DL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. FU Nature Conservancy's Great Rivers Partnership FX This Special Feature was organized by the Collaborative Adaptive Management Network and made possible by the authors and by generous support from The Nature Conservancy's Great Rivers Partnership. The Collaborative Adaptive Management Network fosters the resolution of complex natural resource management issues through the application of collaborative adaptive management, highlighting excellence and innovation, and offering learning opportunities for practitioners, decision makers, researchers, and citizens. Additional information about CAMNet is available at: http://www.adaptivemanagement.net/. The Great Rivers Partnership is a global effort to create a new model for sustainable management of the world's great rivers for people and nature. The GRP continues to deepen global expertise in certain key areas, including sustainable agriculture, floodplain management, environmental flows, navigation infrastructure management, monitoring, and adaptive management. For more information about TNC-GRP visit: http://www.greatriverspartnership.org/. Many of the reviewers of manuscripts for this Special Feature were faced with untraditional formats and content in submissions. We deeply appreciate their patience and constructive recommendations to aid those authors not well practiced in journal publication, and their tolerance of some atypical submissions to a professional journal. We thank Kathi Beratan and Jennifer Pratt Miles for helpful comments on this Introduction. We are particularly indebted to the assistance of Jennifer Miner, Jennifer Mullie, and Adele Mullie for stewarding our authors through the submission and review process. Lastly, we thank Ecology and Society's Editor in Chief, Lance Gunderson for his enthusiasm and willingness to experiment by providing a forum for CAM practitioners to express their perspectives. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2014 VL 19 IS 2 AR 40 DI 10.5751/ES-06438-190240 PG 3 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK8XI UT WOS:000338711600044 ER PT J AU Ortega, J Turnipseed, A Guenther, AB Karl, TG Day, DA Gochis, D Huffman, JA Prenni, AJ Levin, EJT Kreidenweis, SM DeMott, PJ Tobo, Y Patton, EG Hodzic, A Cui, YY Harley, PC Hornbrook, RS Apel, EC Monson, RK Eller, ASD Greenberg, JP Barth, MC Campuzano-Jost, P Palm, BB Jimenez, JL Aiken, AC Dubey, MK Geron, C Offenberg, J Ryan, MG Fornwalt, PJ Pryor, SC Keutsch, FN DiGangi, JP Chan, AWH Goldstein, AH Wolfe, GM Kim, S Kaser, L Schnitzhofer, R Hansel, A Cantrell, CA Mauldin, RL Smith, JN AF Ortega, J. Turnipseed, A. Guenther, A. B. Karl, T. G. Day, D. A. Gochis, D. Huffman, J. A. Prenni, A. J. Levin, E. J. T. Kreidenweis, S. M. DeMott, P. J. Tobo, Y. Patton, E. G. Hodzic, A. Cui, Y. Y. Harley, P. C. Hornbrook, R. S. Apel, E. C. Monson, R. K. Eller, A. S. D. Greenberg, J. P. Barth, M. C. Campuzano-Jost, P. Palm, B. B. Jimenez, J. L. Aiken, A. C. Dubey, M. K. Geron, C. Offenberg, J. Ryan, M. G. Fornwalt, P. J. Pryor, S. C. Keutsch, F. N. DiGangi, J. P. Chan, A. W. H. Goldstein, A. H. Wolfe, G. M. Kim, S. Kaser, L. Schnitzhofer, R. Hansel, A. Cantrell, C. A. Mauldin, R. L. Smith, J. N. TI Overview of the Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory: site description and selected science results from 2008 to 2013 SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; BIOLOGICAL AEROSOL-PARTICLES; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ICE NUCLEI POPULATIONS; MOVI-HRTOF-CIMS; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; ATMOSPHERIC OXIDATION; FLAMMULATED OWLS; TROPOSPHERIC HO2 AB The Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics & Nitrogen (BEACHON) project seeks to understand the feedbacks and inter-relationships between hydrology, biogenic emissions, carbon assimilation, aerosol properties, clouds and associated feedbacks within water-limited ecosystems. The Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory (MEFO) was established in 2008 by the National Center for Atmospheric Research to address many of the BEACHON research objectives, and it now provides a fixed field site with significant infrastructure. MEFO is a mountainous, semi-arid ponderosa pine-dominated forest site that is normally dominated by clean continental air but is periodically influenced by anthropogenic sources from Colorado Front Range cities. This article summarizes the past and ongoing research activities at the site, and highlights some of the significant findings that have resulted from these measurements. These activities include - soil property measurements; - hydrological studies; - measurements of high-frequency turbulence parameters; - eddy covariance flux measurements of water, energy, aerosols and carbon dioxide through the canopy; - determination of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compound emissions and their influence on regional atmospheric chemistry; - aerosol number and mass distributions; - chemical speciation of aerosol particles; - characterization of ice and cloud condensation nuclei; - trace gas measurements; and - model simulations using coupled chemistry and meteorology. In addition to various long-term continuous measurements, three focused measurement campaigns with state-of-the-art instrumentation have taken place since the site was established, and two of these studies are the subjects of this special issue: BEACHON-ROCS (Rocky Mountain Organic Carbon Study, 2010) and BEACHON-RoMBAS (Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study, 2011). C1 [Ortega, J.; Turnipseed, A.; Guenther, A. B.; Karl, T. G.; Gochis, D.; Patton, E. G.; Hodzic, A.; Harley, P. C.; Hornbrook, R. S.; Apel, E. C.; Greenberg, J. P.; Barth, M. C.; Kim, S.; Cantrell, C. A.; Mauldin, R. L.; Smith, J. N.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Day, D. A.; Campuzano-Jost, P.; Palm, B. B.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Day, D. A.; Campuzano-Jost, P.; Palm, B. B.; Jimenez, J. L.] CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Huffman, J. A.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany. [Huffman, J. A.] Univ Denver, Dept Chem & Biochem, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Prenni, A. J.; Levin, E. J. T.; Kreidenweis, S. M.; DeMott, P. J.; Tobo, Y.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Cui, Y. Y.] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Monson, R. K.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Monson, R. K.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Eller, A. S. D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Aiken, A. C.; Dubey, M. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Geron, C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Offenberg, J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ryan, M. G.] Colorado State Univ, Natl Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ryan, M. G.; Fornwalt, P. J.] ARS, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Pryor, S. C.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Keutsch, F. N.; DiGangi, J. P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Chan, A. W. H.; Goldstein, A. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Goldstein, A. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wolfe, G. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wolfe, G. M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Kaser, L.; Schnitzhofer, R.; Hansel, A.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ion Phys & Appl Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Smith, J. N.] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Appl Phys, Kuopio 70211, Finland. RP Smith, JN (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM jimsmith@ucar.edu RI Guenther, Alex/B-1617-2008; Wolfe, Glenn/D-5289-2011; Hansel, Armin/F-3915-2010; Aiken, Allison/B-9659-2009; Kreidenweis, Sonia/E-5993-2011; Chan, Arthur/I-2233-2013; Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Hodzic, Alma/C-3629-2009; Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008; Smith, James/C-5614-2008; Kim, Saewung/E-4089-2012; Patton, Edward/K-3607-2012; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Levin, Ezra/F-5809-2010; Huffman, J. Alex/A-7449-2010; Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Tobo, Yutaka/D-9158-2013; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008 OI Patton, Edward/0000-0001-5431-9541; Guenther, Alex/0000-0001-6283-8288; Hansel, Armin/0000-0002-1062-2394; Aiken, Allison/0000-0001-5749-7626; Kreidenweis, Sonia/0000-0002-2561-2914; Chan, Arthur/0000-0001-7392-4237; Hornbrook, Rebecca/0000-0002-6304-6554; Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738; Smith, James/0000-0003-4677-8224; DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889; Huffman, J. Alex/0000-0002-5363-9516; Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426; Tobo, Yutaka/0000-0003-0951-3315; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847 FU NSF [ATM-0919042, ATM-0919189, ATM-0919317, ATM-1102309, ATM-0852406]; United States Department of Energy [DE-SC0006035, DE-SC00006861]; EC [334084]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [L518-N20]; DOC-fFORTE fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Science; United States Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research [F265, KP1701]; LANL - Laboratory Directed Research and Development; Max Planck Society (MPG); Geocycles Cluster Mainz (LEC Rheinland-Pfalz); National Science Foundation FX The authors would like to acknowledge generous field support from Richard Oakes (USDA Forest Service, Manitou Experimental Forest Site Manager). Authors from Colorado State University were supported through NSF grant ATM-0919042. Authors from the University of Colorado were supported by NSF grant ATM-0919189 and United States Department of Energy grant DE-SC0006035. Authors from the National Center for Atmospheric Research were supported by NSF grant ATM-0919317 and US Department of Energy grant DE-SC00006861. T. Karl was also supported by the EC Seventh Framework Programme (Marie Curie Reintegration program, "ALP-AIR", grant no. 334084). S. C. Pryor (Indiana University) was supported by NSF ATM-1102309. Authors from the University of Innsbruck were supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under project number L518-N20. L. Kaser was also supported by a DOC-fFORTE fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Science. Authors from the University of Wisconsin-Madison were supported by NSF grant ATM-0852406, the BEACHON project and NASA-SBIR Phase I & II funding. Contributions from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) were funded by the United States Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research (project F265, KP1701, M. K. Dubey as principal investigator). A. C. Aiken also thanks LANL - Laboratory Directed Research and Development for a director's postdoctoral fellowship award. The authors would also like to acknowledge substantial participation and input from the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC; Mainz, Germany), which was funded by the Max Planck Society (MPG) and the Geocycles Cluster Mainz (LEC Rheinland-Pfalz). J. A. Huffman acknowledges internal faculty support from the University of Denver. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Office of Research and Development, collaborated in the research described here. The manuscript has been subjected to peer review and has been cleared for publication by the EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in the publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 99 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 6 U2 67 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 12 BP 6345 EP 6367 DI 10.5194/acp-14-6345-2014 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AK5BH UT WOS:000338438300031 ER PT J AU Sa, S Gawande, MB Velhinho, A Veiga, JP Bundaleski, N Trigueiro, J Tolstogouzov, A Teodoro, OMND Zboril, R Varma, RS Branco, PS AF Sa, Sofia Gawande, Manoj B. Velhinho, Alexandre Veiga, Joao Pedro Bundaleski, Nenad Trigueiro, Joao Tolstogouzov, Alexander Teodoro, Orlando M. N. D. Zboril, Radek Varma, Rajender S. Branco, Paula S. TI Magnetically recyclable magnetite-palladium (Nanocat-Fe-Pd) nanocatalyst for the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; CATALYZED C-N; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; MULTICOMPONENT REACTIONS; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; SUPPORTED PALLADIUM; HECK ARYLATION; HYDROGENATION REACTIONS; REUSABLE CATALYSTS; ORGANIC-CHEMISTRY AB The immobilization of Pd on the magnetite surface afforded Nanocat-Fe-Pd using inexpensive precursors and its catalytic role in the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction for arylation of amines and amides was investigated; C-N bond formation was achieved in moderate to excellent yields and the catalyst could be separated and recycled up to five cycles by magnetic decantation without a significant loss in yield. C1 [Sa, Sofia; Gawande, Manoj B.; Branco, Paula S.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Chem, REQUIMTE, P-2829516 Lisbon, Portugal. [Gawande, Manoj B.; Zboril, Radek] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys Chem, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Velhinho, Alexandre; Veiga, Joao Pedro] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, CENIMAT Dept Ciencia Mat I3N, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal. [Bundaleski, Nenad; Trigueiro, Joao; Tolstogouzov, Alexander; Teodoro, Orlando M. N. D.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Phys, Ctr Phys & Technol Res CeFITec, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sa, S (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Chem, REQUIMTE, P-2829516 Lisbon, Portugal. EM manoj.gawande@upol.cz; Varma.Rajender@epa.gov; paula.branco@fct.unl.pt RI Veiga, Joao Pedro/J-3681-2013; Velhinho, Alexandre/K-4135-2012; Tolstogouzov, Alexander/F-1541-2013; Branco, Paula/I-6567-2012; Zboril, Radek/F-5153-2015; OI Veiga, Joao Pedro/0000-0001-5324-1586; Bundaleski, Nenad/0000-0002-5958-2282; Velhinho, Alexandre/0000-0002-1586-3648; Tolstogouzov, Alexander/0000-0001-8642-2674; Branco, Paula/0000-0002-7312-8596; Teodoro, Orlando/0000-0002-3424-2847; Zboril, Radek/0000-0002-3147-2196 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2011, PEst-C/CTM/LA0025/2011, PEst-OE/FIS/UI0068/2011]; Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations - European Regional Development [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0058]; Operational Program Education for Competitiveness - European Social Fund of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0041]; Technology Agency of the Czech Republic - "Competence Centers" [TE01020218]; [SFRH/BPD/64934/2009] FX This work has been supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through grants PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2011, PEst-C/CTM/LA0025/2011 and PEst-OE/FIS/UI0068/2011, as well as the research fellowship (SFRH/BPD/64934/2009). The author gratefully acknowledges the support of the Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations - European Regional Development Fund (project CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0058), the Operational Program Education for Competitiveness - European Social Fund (project CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0041) of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports and by the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic - "Competence Centers" (project no. TE01020218). NR 77 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 57 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 EI 1463-9270 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2014 VL 16 IS 7 BP 3494 EP 3500 DI 10.1039/c4gc00558a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK3BW UT WOS:000338298600013 ER PT J AU Hartig, JH Zarull, MA Corkum, LD Green, N Ellison, R Cook, A Green, E Norwood, G AF Hartig, John H. Zarull, Michael A. Corkum, Lynda D. Green, Natalie Ellison, Rosanne Cook, Anna Green, Ellen Norwood, Gregory TI Habitat management lessons from the environs of the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Habitat management; Ecological benefits; Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge ID GREAT-LAKES; REHABILITATION; CONSERVATION AB The Detroit River and western Lake Erie, located in the heart of the Great Lakes basin, support a great diversity of fish and wildlife, and their habitats, despite the enormity of habitat losses due to urban development and industrialization. This ecosystem also links Canada and the U.S. who share a long history of cooperative conservation. The river and lake are: at the intersection of two major North American bird migration flyways (i.e., the Atlantic and Mississippi); a significant fish migration corridor; and well recognized for their unique biodiversity. Over the past three decades much has been done to improve environmental conditions and to restore and conserve habitats. This paper reviews habitat management efforts within the environs of the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge and provides advice to improve such efforts in the future. Ecological improvements resulting from these habitat projects, as well as the cumulative effects of these changes, have yet to be quantified or evaluated against existing program goals or targets. Habitat management remains a fragmented responsibility among many agencies and interests, which is often an obstacle to realizing ecological improvements, recovery, and sustainability. Moreover, cumulative habitat modifications are not reviewed often enough with respect to their impacts on the goals and targets established in existing programs, as well as their impacts on ecosystem results (e.g., fish or wildlife productivity). Clearly, there is a need to share experiences, synthesize science, learn from mistakes and successes, coordinate activities, and transfer knowledge on best practices and ecological effectiveness of habitat management. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hartig, John H.; Cook, Anna; Norwood, Gregory] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Detroit River Int Refuge, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. [Zarull, Michael A.] Environm Canada, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Corkum, Lynda D.; Green, Ellen] Univ Windsor, Dept Biol Sci, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada. [Green, Natalie] Detroit River Canadian Cleanup, Essex, ON N8M 1Y6, Canada. [Ellison, Rosanne] US EPA, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. RP Hartig, JH (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Detroit River Int Refuge, 9311 Groh Rd, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA. EM john_hartig@fws.gov FU Canadian Consulate; CDM; City of Windsor; Detroit River Canadian Cleanup; DTE Energy; Environment Canada; Essex Region Conservation Authority; Friends of the Detroit River; International Joint Commission; International Wildlife Refuge Alliance; Metropolitan Affairs Coalition; Michigan Sea Grant; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources; University of Michigan-Dearborn; University of Windsor; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Windsor Port Authority FX We thank speakers and participants of the 2009 State of the Strait Conference held at the University of Windsor on April 28, 2009 and we gratefully acknowledge their contributions. The conference and this manuscript were made possible by the generous financial contributions from: the Canadian Consulate, CDM, City of Windsor, Detroit River Canadian Cleanup, DTE Energy, Environment Canada, Essex Region Conservation Authority, Friends of the Detroit River, International Joint Commission, International Wildlife Refuge Alliance, Metropolitan Affairs Coalition, Michigan Sea Grant, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, University of Michigan-Dearborn, University of Windsor, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and Windsor Port Authority. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 2014 VL 40 SU 2 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.06.001 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AK4PC UT WOS:000338405600005 ER PT J AU Suppes, LM Abrell, L Dufour, AP Reynolds, KA AF Suppes, Laura M. Abrell, Leif Dufour, Alfred P. Reynolds, Kelly A. TI Assessment of swimmer behaviors on pool water ingestion SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article DE exposure factor; head submersion; ingestion; pool; recreational water; swimming ID POROUS GRAPHITIC CARBON; CYANURIC ACID; HUMAN-URINE; OUTBREAK AB Enteric pathogens in pool water can be unintentionally ingested during swimming, increasing the likelihood of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI). AGI cases in outbreaks are more likely to submerge heads than non-cases, but an association is unknown since outbreak data are self-reported and prone to bias. In the present study, head submersion frequency and duration were observed and analyzed for associations with pool water ingestion measured using ultra high pressure liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Frequency of splashes to the face was also quantified. Reliable tools that assess activities associated with pool water ingestion are needed to identify ingestion risk factors and at-risk populations. Objectives were to determine if the observed activities were associated with ingestion, and to test environmental sensor and videography assessment tools. Greater frequency and duration of head submersion were not associated with ingestion, but frequency of splashes to the face, leisurely swimming, and being <= 18 were. Videography was validated for assessing swimmer head submersion frequency. Results demonstrate ingestion risk factors can be identified using videography and urine analysis techniques. Expanding surveys to include questions on leisure swimming participation and frequency of splashes to the face is recommended to improve exposure assessment during outbreak investigations. C1 [Suppes, Laura M.] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Publ Hlth Program, Eau Claire, WI 54703 USA. [Abrell, Leif] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci Gould Simspon, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Dufour, Alfred P.] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Environm Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Reynolds, Kelly A.] Univ Arizona Mel & Enid Zuckerman, Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. RP Suppes, LM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Environm Publ Hlth Program, 239 Water St, Eau Claire, WI 54703 USA. EM Suppeslm@uwec.edu OI Abrell, Leif/0000-0003-2490-1180 FU National Swimming Pool Foundation; Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects; NSF [CBET 0722579] FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Swimming Pool Foundation and Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects. The questionnaire was developed in association with Kristen Pogreba Brown from the University of Arizona's Foodborne Illness Outbreak Investigation Team. Training in video surveillance methods was provided by Paloma Beamer at the University of Arizona's College of Public Health. Video analysis was conducted by Marlee Hernandez and Meredith Lisse, students in The University of Arizona Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health. Thank you to all swimmer and swimming pool facility volunteers who participated in this study. Analyses in the Arizona Laboratory for Emerging Contaminants were supported by NSF CBET 0722579. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU IWA PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PY 2014 VL 12 IS 2 BP 269 EP 279 DI 10.2166/wh.2013.123 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA AK6BJ UT WOS:000338512100007 PM 24937221 ER PT J AU Rumsey, IC Cowen, KA Walker, JT Kelly, TJ Hanft, EA Mishoe, K Rogers, C Proost, R Beachley, GM Lear, G Frelink, T Otjes, RP AF Rumsey, I. C. Cowen, K. A. Walker, J. T. Kelly, T. J. Hanft, E. A. Mishoe, K. Rogers, C. Proost, R. Beachley, G. M. Lear, G. Frelink, T. Otjes, R. P. TI An assessment of the performance of the Monitor for AeRosols and GAses in ambient air (MARGA): a semi-continuous method for soluble compounds SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID EASTERN NORTH-CAROLINA; INORGANIC AEROSOL; DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS; GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE; EXCHANGE FLUXES; TRACE GASES; ACID GASES; AMMONIA; NITRATE; SITE AB Ambient air monitoring as part of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (US EPA's) Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) currently uses filter packs to measure weekly integrated concentrations. The US EPA is interested in supplementing CASTNet with semi-continuous monitoring systems at select sites to characterize atmospheric chemistry and deposition of nitrogen and sulfur compounds at higher time resolution than the filter pack. The Monitor for AeRosols and GAses in ambient air (MARGA) measures water-soluble gases and aerosols at an hourly temporal resolution. The performance of the MARGA was assessed under the US EPA Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) program. The assessment was conducted in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, from 8 September to 8 October 2010 and focused on gaseous SO2, HNO3, and NH3 and aerosol SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+. Precision of the MARGA was evaluated by calculating the median absolute relative percent difference (MARPD) between paired hourly results from duplicate MARGA units (MUs), with a performance goal of a parts per thousand currency sign 25%. The accuracy of the MARGA was evaluated by calculating the MARPD for each MU relative to the average of the duplicate denuder/filter pack concentrations, with a performance goal of a parts per thousand currency sign 40%. Accuracy was also evaluated by using linear regression, where MU concentrations were plotted against the average of the duplicate denuder/filter pack concentrations. From this, a linear least squares line of best fit was applied. The goal was for the slope of the line of best fit to be between 0.8 and 1.2. The MARGA performed well in comparison to the denuder/filter pack for SO2, SO42-, and NH4+, with all three compounds passing the accuracy and precision goals by a significant margin. The performance of the MARGA in measuring NO3- could not be evaluated due to the different sampling efficiency of coarse NO3- by the MUs and the filter pack. Estimates of 'fine' NO3- were calculated for the MUs and the filter pack. Using this and results from a previous study, it is concluded that if the MUs and the filter pack were sampling the same particle size, the MUs would have good agreement in terms of precision and accuracy. The MARGA performed moderately well in measuring HNO3 and NH3, though neither met the linear regression slope goals. However, recommendations for improving the measurement of HNO3 and NH3 are discussed. It is concluded that SO42-, SO2, NO3-, HNO3, NH4+, and NH3 concentrations can be measured with acceptable accuracy and precision when the MARGA is operated in conjunction with the recommendations outlined in the manuscript. C1 [Rumsey, I. C.; Walker, J. T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cowen, K. A.; Kelly, T. J.; Hanft, E. A.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Mishoe, K.; Rogers, C.] AMEC, Jacksonville, FL 32669 USA. [Proost, R.; Frelink, T.] Metrohm Applikon BV, Schiedam, Netherlands. [Beachley, G. M.; Lear, G.] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Otjes, R. P.] Energy Res Ctr Netherlands ECN, Petten, Netherlands. RP Rumsey, IC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM rumsey.ian@epa.gov RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014 OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514 NR 36 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 39 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 11 BP 5639 EP 5658 DI 10.5194/acp-14-5639-2014 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AJ6KO UT WOS:000337803100021 ER PT S AU Bliss, NB Waltman, SW West, LT Neale, A Mehaffey, M AF Bliss, Norman B. Waltman, Sharon W. West, Larry T. Neale, Anne Mehaffey, Megan BE Hartemink, AE McSweeney, K TI Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon in the Conterminous United States SO SOIL CARBON SE Progress in Soil Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International-Union-of-Soil-Sciences Global Soil Carbon Conference CY JUN 03-06, 2013 CL Madison, WI SP Int Union Soil Sci, Univ Wisconsin, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Soil Sci AB The U.S. Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database provides detailed soil mapping for most of the conterminous United States (CONUS). These data have been used to formulate estimates of soil carbon stocks, and have been useful for environmental models, including plant productivity models, hydrologic models, and ecological models for studies of greenhouse gas exchange. The data were compiled by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) from 1: 24,000-scale or 1: 12,000-scale maps. It was found that the total soil organic carbon stock in CONUS to 1 m depth is 57 Pg C and for the total profile is 73 Pg C, as estimated from SSURGO with data gaps filled from the 1: 250,000-scale Digital General Soil Map. We explore the non-linear distribution of soil carbon on the landscape and with depth in the soil, and the implications for sampling strategies that result from the observed soil carbon variability. C1 [Bliss, Norman B.] US Geol Survey, USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, ASRC Inuteq, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Waltman, Sharon W.] USDA, NRCS, NSSC, Geospatial Res Unit, Morgantown, WV USA. [West, Larry T.] USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Nat Resource Conservat Serv, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Neale, Anne; Mehaffey, Megan] US EPA, Durham, NC USA. RP Bliss, NB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, ASRC Inuteq, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM bliss@usgs.gov NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 2352-4774 BN 978-3-319-04084-4; 978-3-319-04083-7 J9 PROGR SOIL SCI PY 2014 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04084-4_9 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA BA6KO UT WOS:000337169400011 ER PT J AU Gentner, DR Ford, TB Guha, A Boulanger, K Brioude, J Angevine, WM de Gouw, JA Warneke, C Gilman, JB Ryerson, TB Peischl, J Meinardi, S Blake, DR Atlas, E Lonneman, WA Kleindienst, TE Beaver, MR St Clair, JM Wennberg, PO VandenBoer, TC Markovic, MZ Murphy, JG Harley, RA Goldstein, AH AF Gentner, D. R. Ford, T. B. Guha, A. Boulanger, K. Brioude, J. Angevine, W. M. de Gouw, J. A. Warneke, C. Gilman, J. B. Ryerson, T. B. Peischl, J. Meinardi, S. Blake, D. R. Atlas, E. Lonneman, W. A. Kleindienst, T. E. Beaver, M. R. St Clair, J. M. Wennberg, P. O. VandenBoer, T. C. Markovic, M. Z. Murphy, J. G. Harley, R. A. Goldstein, A. H. TI Emissions of organic carbon and methane from petroleum and dairy operations in California's San Joaquin Valley SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND EMISSIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OZONE PRODUCTION; AIR-QUALITY; LOS-ANGELES; GAS; IDENTIFICATION; MESOSCALE; POLLUTION; IMPACTS AB Petroleum and dairy operations are prominent sources of gas-phase organic compounds in California's San Joaquin Valley. It is essential to understand the emissions and air quality impacts of these relatively understudied sources, especially for oil/gas operations in light of increasing US production. Ground site measurements in Bakersfield and regional aircraft measurements of reactive gas-phase organic compounds and methane were part of the CalNex (California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change) project to determine the sources contributing to regional gas-phase organic carbon emissions. Using a combination of near-source and downwind data, we assess the composition and magnitude of emissions, and provide average source profiles. To examine the spatial distribution of emissions in the San Joaquin Valley, we developed a statistical modeling method using ground-based data and the FLEXPART-WRF transport and meteorological model. We present evidence for large sources of paraffinic hydrocarbons from petroleum operations and oxygenated compounds from dairy (and other cattle) operations. In addition to the small straight-chain alkanes typically associated with petroleum operations, we observed a wide range of branched and cyclic alkanes, most of which have limited previous in situ measurements or characterization in petroleum operation emissions. Observed dairy emissions were dominated by ethanol, methanol, acetic acid, and methane. Dairy operations were responsible for the vast majority of methane emissions in the San Joaquin Valley; observations of methane were well correlated with non-vehicular ethanol, and multiple assessments of the spatial distribution of emissions in the San Joaquin Valley highlight the dominance of dairy operations for methane emissions. The petroleum operations source profile was developed using the composition of non-methane hydrocarbons in unrefined natural gas associated with crude oil. The observed source profile is consistent with fugitive emissions of condensate during storage or processing of associated gas following extraction and methane separation. Aircraft observations of concentration hotspots near oil wells and dairies are consistent with the statistical source footprint determined via our FLEXPART-WRF-based modeling method and ground-based data. We quantitatively compared our observations at Bakersfield to the California Air Resources Board emission inventory and find consistency for relative emission rates of reactive organic gases between the aforementioned sources and motor vehicles in the region. We estimate that petroleum and dairy operations each comprised 22% of anthropogenic non-methane organic carbon at Bakersfield and were each responsible for 8-13% of potential precursors to ozone. Yet, their direct impacts as potential secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors were estimated to be minor for the source profiles observed in the San Joaquin Valley. C1 [Gentner, D. R.; Boulanger, K.; Harley, R. A.; Goldstein, A. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ford, T. B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guha, A.; Goldstein, A. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Brioude, J.; Angevine, W. M.; de Gouw, J. A.; Warneke, C.; Gilman, J. B.; Ryerson, T. B.; Peischl, J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Brioude, J.; Angevine, W. M.; de Gouw, J. A.; Warneke, C.; Gilman, J. B.; Ryerson, T. B.; Peischl, J.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Meinardi, S.; Blake, D. R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Atlas, E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Lonneman, W. A.; Kleindienst, T. E.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Beaver, M. R.; St Clair, J. M.; Wennberg, P. O.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [VandenBoer, T. C.; Markovic, M. Z.; Murphy, J. G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. RP Gentner, DR (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM drew.gentner@yale.edu RI Brioude, Jerome/E-4629-2011; Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Murphy, Jennifer/C-2367-2011; Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010; Harley, Robert/C-9177-2016; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010; VandenBoer, Trevor/F-1032-2011; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Angevine, Wayne/H-9849-2013; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015 OI Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Harley, Robert/0000-0002-0559-1917; Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; VandenBoer, Trevor/0000-0001-8926-4237; Angevine, Wayne/0000-0002-8021-7116; FU California Air Resources Board [08-316]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA10OAR4310104]; U.C. Berkeley undergraduate chemistry summer research fellowship FX For their support, we would like to acknowledge the California Air Resources Board (Contract 08-316), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (GRANT #NA10OAR4310104), and the U.C. Berkeley undergraduate chemistry summer research fellowship. We would also like to thank Joe Fisher and Jim Nyarady (CARB), Jason Surratt and Caitlin Rubitschun (U. North Carolina, Chapel Hill), and John Offenberg (US EPA) for their contributions and feedback. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development collaborated in the research described here. The manuscript has been subjected to external peer review and has been cleared for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 57 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 66 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 10 BP 4955 EP 4978 DI 10.5194/acp-14-4955-2014 PG 24 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AI3DQ UT WOS:000336740000008 ER PT J AU Gawande, MB Bonifacio, VDB Luque, R Branco, PS Varma, RS AF Gawande, Manoj B. Bonifacio, Vasco D. B. Luque, Rafael Branco, Paula S. Varma, Rajender S. TI Solvent-Free and Catalysts-Free Chemistry: A Benign Pathway to Sustainability SO CHEMSUSCHEM LA English DT Review DE catalyst-free; organic synthesis; reaction mechanisms; solvent-free; sustainable chemistry ID ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS; FREE HETEROCYCLIC SYNTHESIS; TRANSITION-METAL-COMPLEXES; ALPHA-AMINO PHOSPHONATES; BAEYER-VILLIGER REACTION; FREE ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; IONIC LIQUIDS; SOLID-STATE AB In the past decade, alternative benign organic methodologies have become an imperative part of organic syntheses and chemical reactions. The various new and innovative sustainable organic reactions and methodologies using no solvents or catalysts and employing alternative energy inputs such as microwaves, sonication, conventional and room temperature heating conditions, mechanochemical mixing, and high-speed ball milling are discussed in detail. Environmentally benign and pharmaceutically important reactions such as multicomponent, condensation, and Michael addition reactions; ring opening of epoxides; and oxidation and other significant organic reactions are discussed. An overview of benign reactions through solvent- and catalyst-free (SF-CF) chemistry and a critical perspective on emerging synergies between SF-CF organic reactions are discussed. C1 [Gawande, Manoj B.; Bonifacio, Vasco D. B.; Branco, Paula S.] Univ Nova Lisboa, REQUIMTE, Dept Quim, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal. [Luque, Rafael] Univ Cordoba, Dept Quim Organ, Cordoba 14014, Spain. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gawande, MB (reprint author), Palacky Univ, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Fac Sci, Dept Phys Chem, 17 Listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146, Czech Republic. EM m.gawande@fct.unl.pt; vbb@fct.unl.pt; varma.rajender@epamail.epa.gov RI Branco, Paula/I-6567-2012; Bonifacio, Vasco/A-8653-2008; Luque, Rafael/F-9853-2010 OI Branco, Paula/0000-0002-7312-8596; Bonifacio, Vasco/0000-0003-2349-8473; Luque, Rafael/0000-0003-4190-1916 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2011]; PRAXIS program [SFRH/BPD/64934/2009] FX This work has been supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through grant PEst-C/EQB/LA0006/2011. M. B. G. thanks the PRAXIS program for the award of research fellowship SFRH/BPD/64934/2009. We thank Ms. Lauren Drees for proof-reading and revising the manuscript. NR 250 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 14 U2 128 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1864-5631 EI 1864-564X J9 CHEMSUSCHEM JI ChemSusChem PD JAN PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 24 EP 44 DI 10.1002/cssc.201300485 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AI3YR UT WOS:000336802400002 PM 24357535 ER PT S AU Shanks, OC Peed, L Sivaganesan, M Haugland, RA Chern, EC AF Shanks, Orin C. Peed, Lindsay Sivaganesan, Mano Haugland, Richard A. Chern, Eunice C. BE Paulsen, IT Holmes, AJ TI Human Fecal Source Identification with Real-Time Quantitative PCR SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS, 2ND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR); Fecal source identification; Human fecal pollution; Absolute quantification ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GENETIC-MARKERS; FRESH-WATER; POLLUTION; QUANTIFICATION; BACTEROIDALES; ASSAYS; FECES; INDEX AB Waterborne diseases represent a significant public health risk worldwide and can originate from contact with water contaminated with human fecal material. We describe a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) method that targets a genetic marker of the human-associated Bacteroides dorei for identification of human fecal pollution in ambient water samples. The following protocol includes water sample collection, filtration, DNA isolation with a sample processing control, qPCR amplification with an internal amplification control, and quality control data analysis. C1 [Shanks, Orin C.; Peed, Lindsay; Sivaganesan, Mano; Haugland, Richard A.; Chern, Eunice C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-62703-712-9; 978-1-62703-711-2 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1096 BP 85 EP 99 DI 10.1007/978-1-62703-712-9_7 D2 10.1007/978-1-62703-712-9 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA BA2PV UT WOS:000333762000008 PM 24515362 ER PT J AU Hill, BH Elonen, CM Anderson, LE Lehrter, JC AF Hill, Brian H. Elonen, Colleen M. Anderson, Leroy E. Lehrter, John C. TI Microbial respiration and ecoenzyme activity in sediments from the Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone SO AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ecoenzymes; Gulf of Mexico; Hypoxia; Respiration; Sediments; Structural equation modeling ID CARBON-USE-EFFICIENCY; TRANSPORT SYSTEM ACTIVITY; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; ORGANIC-MATTER; RIVERINE BACTERIOPLANKTON; THEORETICAL-MODEL; LOUISIANA SHELF; WATER COLUMN; STOICHIOMETRY; SOIL AB Sediment chemistry (total carbon [TC], total nitrogen [TN], total phosphorus [TP]), microbial respiration (dehydrogenase activity, DHA), and ecoenzyme activity (EEA) were measured in 4 zones of similarity in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). DHA and EEA reflected the differences in C and N availability associated with proximity to the discharges of the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers, and EEA represented the interface between microbial demands for, and environmental supplies of, nutrients. DHA was positively correlated with beta-glucosidase (BG, r = 0.30), [beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase + L-leucine amino peptidase] ([NAG + LAP], 0.65), acid phosphatase (AP, 0.17), and aryl sulfatase (SULF, 0.42). EEAs were positively correlated with each other (0.34-0.76). DHA (0.22-0.33), [NAG + LAP] (0.46-0.64), and SULF (0.17-0.56) were positively correlated with TC, TN, and TP, while BG (0.58-0.60) and AP (0.50-0.58) were correlated only with TC and TN. Carbon use efficiency (CUE) and organic C decomposition rate (M), both based on ecoenzyme models, were positively correlated with TN and TC (0.43-0.46) and TC, TN, and TP (0.24-0.60), respectively. Modeled respiration (R-m), based on M, TC, and sediment bulk density, was correlated with sediment chemistry (0.17-0.90), and with DHA (0.50). All measured chemistry, DHA, EEA, and modeled decomposition parameters exhibited significant cruise, zone, and sediment depth effects, but few significant interaction effects. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed a causal relationship between sediment chemistry, EEA, and DHA, explaining 46% of the variance in DHA. As such, the relative activities of the functional classes of ecoenzymes are both a measure of nutrient availability and ecosystem metabolism that may be used to assess large-scale phenomena, such as regional impacts of anthropogenic disturbances. C1 [Hill, Brian H.; Elonen, Colleen M.; Anderson, Leroy E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Lehrter, John C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. RP Hill, BH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM hill.brian@epa.gov NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 26 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0948-3055 EI 1616-1564 J9 AQUAT MICROB ECOL JI Aquat. Microb. Ecol. PY 2014 VL 72 IS 2 BP 107 EP 118 DI 10.3354/ame01689 PG 12 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA AH0RI UT WOS:000335827500002 ER PT J AU Yamashita, CM Fessler, MB Vasanthamohan, L Lac, J Madenspacher, J McCaig, L Yao, LJ Wang, LF Puntorieri, V Mehta, S Lewis, JF Veldhuizen, RAW AF Yamashita, Cory M. Fessler, Michael B. Vasanthamohan, Lakshman Lac, Joanne Madenspacher, Jennifer McCaig, Lynda Yao, Lijuan Wang, Lefeng Puntorieri, Valeria Mehta, Sanjay Lewis, Jim F. Veldhuizen, Ruud A. W. TI Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Are Susceptible to the Development of Acute Lung Injury SO RESPIRATION LA English DT Article DE Apolipoprotein E; Acute lung injury; Acid aspiration; Hyperoxia; Oxidized low-density lipoprotein; Gastric acid aspiration ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; KNOCKOUT MICE; INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; NADPH OXIDASE; OXIDIZED LDL; TNF-ALPHA AB Background: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) has been shown to play a pivotal role in the development of cardiovascular disease, attributable to its function in lipid trafficking and immune modulating properties; however, its role in modulating inflammation in the setting of acute lung injury (ALI) is unknown. Objective: To determine whether apoE-deficient mice (apoE-/-) are more susceptible to ALI compared to wild-type (WT) animals. Methods: Two independent models of ALI were employed. Firstly, WT and apoE-/- mice were randomized to acid aspiration (50 mu l of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid) followed by 4 h of mechanical ventilation. Secondly, WT and apoE-/- mice were randomized to 72 h of hyperoxia exposure or room air. Thereafter, the intrinsic responses of WT and apoE-/- mice were assessed using the isolated perfused mouse lung (IPML) setup. Finally, based on elevated levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in apoE-/-, the effect of oxLDL on lung endothelial permeability and inflammation was assessed. Results: In both in vivo models, apoE-/- mice demonstrated greater increases in lung lavage protein levels, neutrophil counts, and cytokine expression (p < 0.05) compared to WT mice. Experiments utilizing the IPML setup demonstrated no differences in intrinsic lung responses to injury between apoE-/- and WT mice, suggesting the presence of a circulating factor as being responsible for the in vivo observations. Finally, the exposure of lung endothelial cells to oxLDL resulted in increased monolayer permeability and IL-6 release compared to native (nonoxidized) LDL. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate a susceptibility of apoE-/- animals to ALI that may occur, in part, due to elevated levels of oxLDL. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Yamashita, Cory M.; Vasanthamohan, Lakshman; Lac, Joanne; Madenspacher, Jennifer; McCaig, Lynda; Yao, Lijuan; Wang, Lefeng; Puntorieri, Valeria; Mehta, Sanjay; Lewis, Jim F.; Veldhuizen, Ruud A. W.] Lawson Hlth Res Inst, London, ON, Canada. [Fessler, Michael B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Yamashita, CM (reprint author), St Josephs Hlth Ctr, Lawson Hlth Res Inst, Room B3-116, London, ON N6H 4B2, Canada. EM cyamash@uwo.ca FU Ontario Thoracic Society/Ontario Lung Association; Western University Department of Medicine, Program of Experimental Medicine; National Institutes of Health NIEHS [Z01 ES102005] FX The authors would like to thank Ms. Shannon Seney of the Screening Lab for Immune Disorders, Lawson Health Research Institute, for her assistance with the multiplex analysis. This research was supported by the Ontario Thoracic Society/Ontario Lung Association (C.Y., J.F.L., and R. A. W. V.), the Western University Department of Medicine, Program of Experimental Medicine (C.Y.), and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health NIEHS (Z01 ES102005) (M.B.F.). NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0025-7931 EI 1423-0356 J9 RESPIRATION JI Respiration PY 2014 VL 87 IS 5 BP 416 EP 427 DI 10.1159/000358438 PG 12 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA AH1YF UT WOS:000335917000010 PM 24662316 ER PT J AU Hu, M Zhang, TC Stansbury, J Neal, J Zhou, AJ AF Hu, Meng Zhang, Tian C. Stansbury, John Neal, Jill Zhou, Aijiao TI Graywater Reclamation by a Shredded Tire Biofilter and a Membrane Bioreactor in Series SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Tires; Water reclamation; Sustainable development; Wastewater management; Filters; Scrap tire; Graywater reclamation; Membrane bioreactor (MBR); Sustainable technology; Decentralized wastewater treatment ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; TECHNOLOGY; GREYWATER; REMOVAL; IMMOBILIZATION; POROSITY; RUBBER; TIME; SOIL AB The search for sustainable and effective water reclamation technologies has been stimulated by increasingly urgent water scarcity. Graywater (GW) is an excellent potential resource for relieving the water scarcity problem because it has a relatively low pollution level and because it is abundant and accessible. GW makes up approximately 70% of domestic wastewater. A new technology, shredded tire biofilter (STB), combined with a membrane bioreactor (MBR), was demonstrated to be an efficient method for treating GW to a level that satisfies the USEPA's water reuse guidelines. In the proposed technology, the MBR ensured adequate effluent water quality, and the STB pretreated the GW. The technology may significantly reduce the energy required to treat GW by MBRs alone. It was further observed that increasing hydraulic retention time and decreasing shredded tire particle size enhanced the removal of BOD5 in the STBs. Analysis of biofilms on shredded tire chips showed that microorganisms could attach and grow on tire shreds. Moreover, this combination would be economically feasible and environmentally sustainable for an average household (i.e.,three to four people), making it a potentially promising technology for decentralized wastewater treatment. C1 [Hu, Meng] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hu, Meng; Zhang, Tian C.; Stansbury, John] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Neal, Jill] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Zhou, Aijiao] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Hu, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mhu@umd.edu; tzhang@unomaha.edu; jstansbury@unl.edu; neal.jill@epa.gov; zhouaijiao666@126.com FU USEPA (EPA) [CR-83419301] FX This study is part of the project entitled Advanced Decentralized Water/Energy Network Design for Sustainable Infrastructure funded by the USEPA (EPA Number CR-83419301), which is greatly appreciated. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USEPA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 24 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 1 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000778 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AC3UG UT WOS:000332446100011 ER PT J AU Crofton, K Fritsche, E Ylikomi, T Bal-Price, A AF Crofton, Kevin Fritsche, Ellen Ylikomi, Timo Bal-Price, Anna TI International STakeholder NETwork (ISTNET) for Creating a Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing (DNT) Roadmap for Regulatory Purposes SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Crofton, Kevin] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Fritsche, Ellen] IUF Leibniz Res Inst Environm Med, Dusseldorf, Germany. [Ylikomi, Timo] Univ Tampere, Sch Med, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Bal-Price, Anna] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. RP Bal-Price, A (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. EM anna.price@jrc.ec.europa.eu RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 2 BP 223 EP 224 PG 2 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA AG1WQ UT WOS:000335207300009 PM 24794006 ER PT J AU O'Brien, KM Cole, SR Engel, LS Bensen, JT Poole, C Herring, AH Millikan, RC AF O'Brien, Katie M. Cole, Stephen R. Engel, Lawrence S. Bensen, Jeannette T. Poole, Charles Herring, Amy H. Millikan, Robert C. TI Breast Cancer Subtypes and Previously Established Genetic Risk Factors: A Bayesian Approach SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CARCINOMA IN-SITU; TRIPLE-NEGATIVE PHENOTYPE; LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; BASAL-LIKE SUBTYPE; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; TUMOR SUBTYPES; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; POPULATION STRATIFICATION AB Background: Gene expression analyses indicate that breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with at least five immunohistologic subtypes. Despite growing evidence that these subtypes are etiologically and prognostically distinct, few studies have investigated whether they have divergent genetic risk factors. To help fill in this gap in our understanding, we examined associations between breast cancer subtypes and previously established susceptibility loci among white and African-American womenin the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. Methods: We used Bayesian polytomous logistic regression to estimate ORs and 95% posterior intervals for the association between each of 78 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and five breast cancer subtypes. Subtypes were defined using five immunohistochemical markers: estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (HER1/2), and cytokeratin (CK) 5/6. Results: Several SNPs in TNRC9/TOX3 were associated with luminal A (ER/PR+, HER2-) or basal-like breast cancer (ER-, PR-, HER2-, HER1, or CK 5/6+), and one SNP (rs3104746) was associated with both. SNPs in FGFR2 were associated with luminal A, luminal B (ER/PR+, HER2-), or HER2+/ER-disease, but none were associated with basal-like disease. We also observed subtype differences in the effects of SNPs in 2q35, 4p, TLR1, MAP3K1, ESR1, CDKN2A/B, ANKRD16, and ZM1Z1. Conclusion and Impact: We found evidence that genetic risk factors for breast cancer vary by subtype and further clarified the role of several key susceptibility genes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(1); 84-97. (C) 2013 AACR. C1 [O'Brien, Katie M.; Cole, Stephen R.; Engel, Lawrence S.; Bensen, Jeannette T.; Poole, Charles; Millikan, Robert C.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [O'Brien, Katie M.; Bensen, Jeannette T.; Millikan, Robert C.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP O'Brien, KM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM obrienkm2@niehs.nih.gov OI O'Brien, Katie/0000-0002-1931-1349; Engel, Lawrence/0000-0001-9268-4830 FU NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA058223, P30 CA016086, P30-CA16086, P50-CA58223, R25CA057726, R25 CA057726]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES010126] NR 90 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 EI 1538-7755 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 23 IS 1 BP 84 EP 97 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0463 PG 14 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AG0ZB UT WOS:000335143400010 PM 24177593 ER PT J AU McAlary, T Groenevelt, H Seethapathy, S Sacco, P Crump, D Tuday, M Schumacher, B Hayes, H Johnson, P Parker, L Gorecki, T AF McAlary, Todd Groenevelt, Hester Seethapathy, Suresh Sacco, Paolo Crump, Derrick Tuday, Michael Schumacher, Brian Hayes, Heidi Johnson, Paul Parker, Louise Gorecki, Tadeusz TI Quantitative passive soil vapor sampling for VOCs - part 4: flow-through cell SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ENVIRONMENTAL-ANALYSIS; THERMAL-DESORPTION; AIR AB This paper presents a controlled experiment comparing several quantitative passive samplers for monitoring concentrations of volatile organic compound (VOC) vapors in soil gas using a flow-through cell. This application is simpler than conventional active sampling using adsorptive tubes because the flow rate does not need to be precisely measured and controlled, which is advantageous because the permeability of subsurface materials affects the flow rate and the permeability of geologic materials is highly variable. Using passive samplers in a flow-through cell, the flow rate may not need to be known exactly, as long as it is sufficient to purge the cell in a reasonable time and minimize any negative bias attributable to the starvation effect. An experiment was performed in a 500 mL flow-through cell using a two-factor, one-half fraction fractional factorial test design with flow rates of 80, 670 and 930 mL min(-1) and sample durations of 10, 15 and 20 minutes for each of five different passive samplers (passive Automatic Thermal Desorption Tube, Radiello (R), SKC Ultra, Waterloo Membrane Sampler (TM) and 3M (TM) OVM 3500). A Summa canister was collected coincident with each passive sampler and analyzed by EPA Method TO-15 to provide a baseline for comparison of the passive sampler concentrations. The passive sampler concentrations were within a factor of 2 of the Summa canister concentrations in 32 of 35 cases. Passive samples collected at the low flow rate and short duration showed low concentrations, which is likely attributable to insufficient purging of the cell after sampler placement. C1 [McAlary, Todd; Groenevelt, Hester] Geosyntec Consultants Inc, Guelph, ON N1G 5G3, Canada. [Seethapathy, Suresh; Gorecki, Tadeusz] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Sacco, Paolo] Fdn Salvatore Maugeri, Padua, Italy. [Crump, Derrick] Cranfield Univ, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England. [Tuday, Michael] Columbia Analyt Serv, Simi Valley, CA USA. [Schumacher, Brian] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Hayes, Heidi] Eurofins Air Toxics Inc, Folsom, CA USA. [Johnson, Paul] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. RP McAlary, T (reprint author), Geosyntec Consultants Inc, 130 Res Lane,2, Guelph, ON N1G 5G3, Canada. EM tmcalary@geosyntec.com OI Gorecki, Tadeusz/0000-0001-7727-7516 FU Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP); Sam Brock of AFCEC; Andrea Leeson of ESTCP as the DOD Liaisons FX Funding for this work was provided by the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) with Sam Brock of AFCEC and Andrea Leeson of ESTCP as the DOD Liaisons. Thanks to the management of CRREL for access to the site for testing. We gratefully acknowledge Caterina Boaretto of Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri for GC analysis of the Radiello samplers. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PY 2014 VL 16 IS 5 BP 1103 EP 1111 DI 10.1039/c4em00098f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AF8ZG UT WOS:000335003900018 PM 24686477 ER PT J AU Meek, ME Boobis, A Cote, I Dellarco, V Fotakis, G Munn, S Seed, J Vickers, C AF Meek, M. E. Boobis, A. Cote, I. Dellarco, V. Fotakis, G. Munn, S. Seed, J. Vickers, C. TI New developments in the evolution and application of the WHO/IPCS framework on mode of action/species concordance analysis SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE human relevance framework; molecular target; weight of evidence approach; cellular response; mode of action; key events; tissue response; adverse outcome pathway; modified Bradford Hill considerations; species concordance analysis ID HUMAN RELEVANCE FRAMEWORK; HUMAN RISK-ASSESSMENT; CANCER MODE; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; IPCS FRAMEWORK; HUMANS; CONTEXT; PRIORITIZATION; INFORMATION; INVENTORIES AB The World Health Organization/International Programme on Chemical Safety mode of action/human relevance framework has been updated to reflect the experience acquired in its application and extend its utility to emerging areas in toxicity testing and non-testing methods. The underlying principles have not changed, but the framework's scope has been extended to enable integration of information at different levels of biological organization and reflect evolving experience in a much broader range of potential applications. Mode of action/species concordance analysis can also inform hypothesis-based data generation and research priorities in support of risk assessment. The modified framework is incorporated within a roadmap, with feedback loops encouraging continuous refinement of fit-for-purpose testing strategies and risk assessment. Important in this construct is consideration of dose-response relationships and species concordance analysis in weight of evidence. The modified Bradford Hill considerations have been updated and additionally articulated to reflect increasing experience in application for cases where the toxicological outcome of chemical exposure is known. The modified framework can be used as originally intended, where the toxicological effects of chemical exposure are known, or in hypothesizing effects resulting from chemical exposure, using information on putative key events in established modes of action from appropriate in vitro or in silico systems and other lines of evidence. This modified mode of action framework and accompanying roadmap and case examples are expected to contribute to improving transparency in explicitly addressing weight of evidence considerations in mode of action/species concordance analysis based on both conventional data sources and evolving methods. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The World Health Organization retains copyright and all other rights in the manuscript of this article as submitted for publication. C1 [Meek, M. E.] McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Boobis, A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Med, London W12 0NN, England. [Cote, I.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Dellarco, V.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Fotakis, G.] European Chem Agcy, Helsinki 00120, Finland. [Munn, S.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, Syst Toxicol Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Seed, J.] US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Vickers, C.] World Hlth Org, Int Programme Chem Safety, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. RP Vickers, C (reprint author), World Hlth Org, Int Programme Chem Safety, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM vickersc@who.int OI Boobis, Alan/0000-0003-3371-386X FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the European Commission Joint Research Centre for providing for a drafting group meeting and the United States Environmental Protection Agency for its support of the project. The authors also thank Kathy Hughes for contributing to the discussion and conclusions section and acknowledge Marla Sheffer for technical editing of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0260-437X EI 1099-1263 J9 J APPL TOXICOL JI J. Appl. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 1 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.1002/jat.2949 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AD9JR UT WOS:000333581700001 PM 24166207 ER PT B AU Clark, RM Hakim, S AF Clark, Robert M. Hakim, Simon BE Clark, RM Hakim, S TI Securing Water and Wastewater Systems: Global Perspectives SO SECURING WATER AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS: GLOBAL EXPERIENCES SE Protecting Critical Infrastructure LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; OUTBREAK; MILWAUKEE; QUALITY; IMPACTS C1 [Clark, Robert M.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US EPA, WSWRD, Washington, DC USA. [Hakim, Simon] Ctr Competit Govt, Fox Sch Business & Management, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Hakim, Simon] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Clark, RM (reprint author), 9627 Lansford Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. EM rmclark@fuse.net; hakim@temple.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-01092-2; 978-3-319-01091-5 J9 PROT CRIT INFRASTRUC PY 2014 VL 2 BP 1 EP 27 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2_1 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2 PG 27 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BA1ET UT WOS:000332421800001 ER PT B AU Janke, R Tryby, ME Clark, RM AF Janke, Robert Tryby, Michael E. Clark, Robert M. BE Clark, RM Hakim, S TI Protecting Water Supply Critical Infrastructure: An Overview SO SECURING WATER AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS: GLOBAL EXPERIENCES SE Protecting Critical Infrastructure LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONTAMINATION SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEM CONTAMINATION; DRINKING-WATER; DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS; SENSOR PLACEMENT; WARNING SYSTEMS; PATHOGEN INTRUSION; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; MODEL C1 [Janke, Robert] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct & Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Tryby, Michael E.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US EPA, WSWRD, Washington, DC USA. RP Janke, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Water Infrastruct & Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM janke.robert@epa.gov; tryby.michael@epa.gov; rmclark@fuse.net NR 138 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-01092-2; 978-3-319-01091-5 J9 PROT CRIT INFRASTRUC PY 2014 VL 2 BP 29 EP 85 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2_2 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2 PG 57 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BA1ET UT WOS:000332421800002 ER PT B AU Clark, RM AF Clark, Robert M. BE Clark, RM Hakim, S TI The Impacts of Global Climate Change on Water Treatment Design and Operations SO SECURING WATER AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS: GLOBAL EXPERIENCES SE Protecting Critical Infrastructure LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; ACTIVATED CARBON; SYSTEMS; GAC; PERFORMANCE; REMOVAL; QUALITY; COST C1 [Clark, Robert M.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Clark, Robert M.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Clark, Robert M.] US EPA, WSWRD, Washington, DC USA. RP Clark, RM (reprint author), 9627 Lansford Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. EM rmclark@fuse.net NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-01092-2; 978-3-319-01091-5 J9 PROT CRIT INFRASTRUC PY 2014 VL 2 BP 251 EP 272 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2_12 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-01092-2 PG 22 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BA1ET UT WOS:000332421800012 ER PT J AU Sather, ME Mukerjee, S Allen, KL Smith, L Mathew, J Jackson, C Callison, R Scrapper, L Hathcoat, A Adam, J Keese, D Ketcher, P Brunette, R Karlstrom, J Van der Jagt, G AF Sather, Mark E. Mukerjee, Shaibal Allen, Kara L. Smith, Luther Mathew, Johnson Jackson, Clarence Callison, Ryan Scrapper, Larry Hathcoat, April Adam, Jacque Keese, Danielle Ketcher, Philip Brunette, Robert Karlstrom, Jason Van der Jagt, Gerard TI Gaseous Oxidized Mercury Dry Deposition Measurements in the Southwestern USA: A Comparison between Texas, Eastern Oklahoma, and the Four Corners Area SO SCIENTIFIC WORLD JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; SURROGATE SURFACES; AMBIENT AIR; FLORIDA AB Gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) dry deposition measurements using aerodynamic surrogate surface passive samplers were collected in central and eastern Texas and eastern Oklahoma, from September 2011 to September 2012. The purpose of this study was to provide an initial characterization of the magnitude and spatial extent of ambient GOM dry deposition in central and eastern Texas for a 12-month period which contained statistically average annual results for precipitation totals, temperature, and wind speed. The research objective was to investigate GOM dry deposition in areas of Texas impacted by emissions from coal-fired utility boilers and compare it with GOM dry deposition measurements previously observed in eastern Oklahoma and the Four Corners area. Annual GOM dry deposition rate estimates were relatively low in Texas, ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 ng/m(2) h at the four Texas monitoring sites, similar to the 0.2 ng/m(2)h annual GOM dry deposition rate estimate recorded at the eastern Oklahoma monitoring site. The Texas and eastern Oklahoma annual GOM dry deposition rate estimates were at least four times lower than the highest annual GOM dry deposition rate estimate previously measured in the more arid bordering western states of New Mexico and Colorado in the Four Corners area. C1 [Sather, Mark E.; Allen, Kara L.] US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Air Qual Anal Sect, Dallas, TX 75202 USA. [Mukerjee, Shaibal] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Smith, Luther] Alion Sci & Technol Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Mathew, Johnson; Jackson, Clarence] US EPA, Houston Lab, Houston, TX 77099 USA. [Callison, Ryan; Scrapper, Larry; Hathcoat, April; Adam, Jacque; Keese, Danielle; Ketcher, Philip] Cherokee Nation Environm Programs, Tahlequah, OK 74464 USA. [Brunette, Robert; Karlstrom, Jason; Van der Jagt, Gerard] Eurofins Frontier Global Sci, Bothell, WA 98011 USA. RP Mukerjee, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, E205-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mukerjee.shaibal@epa.gov FU The US EPA through its Office of Research and Development [EPD05065, EP11D000530] FX The authors are grateful to the following managers and field operators involved in careful ambient data collection: Paul Bruckwicki of the US Fish and Wildlife Service for sample change-outs at both the Longview and Karnack sites and Thomas Fisher and his staff at Fort Parker State Park. The authors are also grateful to Diana Greiner and Jason Smith of the U.S. EPA Region 6 for their detailed GIS map work. They also thank Matthew Landis, Gary Norris, and Michael Morton of EPA for technical reviews of this paper. The US EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here under contracts EPD05065 to Alion and EP11D000530 to Frontier Global Sciences. This paper has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1537-744X J9 SCI WORLD J JI Sci. World J. PY 2014 AR 580723 DI 10.1155/2014/580723 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AF6VF UT WOS:000334852000001 ER PT J AU Paatero, P Eberly, S Brown, SG Norris, GA AF Paatero, P. Eberly, S. Brown, S. G. Norris, G. A. TI Methods for estimating uncertainty in factor analytic solutions SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; MULTIVARIATE CURVE RESOLUTION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; FEASIBLE SOLUTIONS; BAND BOUNDARIES; MODELS; PM2.5 AB The EPA PMF (Environmental Protection Agency positive matrix factorization) version 5.0 and the underlying multilinear engine-executable ME-2 contain three methods for estimating uncertainty in factor analytic models: classical bootstrap (BS), displacement of factor elements (DISP), and bootstrap enhanced by displacement of factor elements (BS-DISP). The goal of these methods is to capture the uncertainty of PMF analyses due to random errors and rotational ambiguity. It is shown that the three methods complement each other: depending on characteristics of the data set, one method may provide better results than the other two. Results are presented using synthetic data sets, including interpretation of diagnostics, and recommendations are given for parameters to report when documenting uncertainty estimates from EPA PMF or ME-2 applications. C1 [Paatero, P.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Eberly, S.] Geometr Tools LLC, Redmond, WA USA. [Brown, S. G.] Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA USA. [Norris, G. A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Norris, GA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM norris.gary@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-09-097] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract EP-D-09-097 to Sonoma Technology, Inc. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 25 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 7 U2 66 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 BP 781 EP 797 DI 10.5194/amt-7-781-2014 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AE6LX UT WOS:000334105700008 ER PT J AU Eernisse, DJ Pilgrim, EM Marko, PB AF Eernisse, D. J. Pilgrim, E. M. Marko, P. B. TI Trans-Pacific invasion drives North Pacific limpet (Lottiidae) species diversification SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology CY JAN 03-07, 2014 CL Austin, TX SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol C1 US EPA, Cal State Fullerton, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM deernisse@fullerton.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 EI 1557-7023 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PY 2014 VL 54 SU 1 BP E57 EP E57 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AD2FP UT WOS:000333049500227 ER PT J AU Cihan, A Zhou, QL Birkholzer, JT Kraemer, SR AF Cihan, Abdullah Zhou, Quanlin Birkholzer, Jens T. Kraemer, Stephen R. TI Flow in horizontally anisotropic multilayered aquifer systems with leaky wells and aquitards SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE analytical solution; anisotropy; multilayered aquifers; groundwater flow; abandoned well; leakage ID CO2 STORAGE; SALINE FORMATIONS; GROUND-WATER AB Flow problems in an anisotropic domain can be transformed into ones in an equivalent isotropic domain by coordinate transformations. Once analytical solutions are obtained for the equivalent isotropic domain, they can be back transformed to the original anisotropic domain. The existing solutions presented by Cihan et al. (2011) for isotropic multilayered aquifer systems with alternating aquitards and multiple injection/pumping wells and leaky wells were modified to account for horizontal anisotropy in aquifers. The modified solutions for pressure buildup distribution and leakage rates through leaky wells can be used when the anisotropy direction and ratio ( Kx/Ky) are assumed to be identical for all aquifers alternating with aquitards. However, for multilayered aquifers alternating with aquicludes, both the principal direction of the anisotropic horizontal conductivity and the anisotropy ratio can be different in each aquifer. With coordinate transformation, a circular well with finite radius becomes an ellipse, and thus in the transformed domain the head contours in the immediate vicinity of the well have elliptical shapes. Through a radial flow approximation around the finite radius wells, the elliptical well boundaries in the transformed domain are approximated by an effective well radius expression. The analytical solutions with the effective radius approximations were compared with exact solutions as well as a numerical solution for elliptic flow. The effective well radius approximation is sufficiently accurate to predict the head buildup at the well bore of the injection/pumping wells for moderately anisotropic systems ( Kx/Ky25). The effective radius approximation gives satisfactory results for predicting head buildup at observation points and leakage through leaky wells away from the injection/pumping wells even for highly anisotropic aquifer systems (Kx/Ky1000). Key Points Anisotropic multilayered aquifer systems A new effective radius approximations to well in anisotropic systems Verification with existing solutions and numerical solutions C1 [Cihan, Abdullah; Zhou, Quanlin; Birkholzer, Jens T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kraemer, Stephen R.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA USA. RP Cihan, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 74R316C, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM acihan@lbl.gov RI Zhou, Quanlin/B-2455-2009; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Cihan, Abdullah/D-3704-2015 OI Zhou, Quanlin/0000-0001-6780-7536; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912; FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [DW89922359-01-0]; Office of Sequestration, Hydrogen, and Clean Coal Fuels, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory, under the USDOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors wish to thank three anonymous reviewers as well as Marco Bianchi of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and Junqi Huang of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for their careful reviews of the manuscript and suggestions of improvements. The research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through the Interagency agreement DW89922359-01-0 to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Supplementary funding was provided by the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Sequestration, Hydrogen, and Clean Coal Fuels, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory, under the USDOE contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 1 BP 741 EP 747 DI 10.1002/2013WR013867 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AB4ZN UT WOS:000331798800050 ER PT J AU Knaack, JS Hamelin, EI Magnuson, M Silvestri, E Ash, D Johnson, RC AF Knaack, Jennifer S. Hamelin, Elizabeth I. Magnuson, Matthew Silvestri, Erin Ash, Doris Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Quantitative analysis and stability of the rodenticide TETS (tetramine) in finished tap water SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN BLOOD; TETRAMETHYLENE DISULFOTETRAMINE; GC FPD; TETRAMETHYLENEDISULFOTETRAMINE; FOOD; PHARMACOLOGY; AGENT AB The determination of the rodenticide tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) in drinking water is reportable through the use of automated sample preparation via solid phase extraction and detection using isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method was characterized over twenty-two analytical batches with quality control samples. Accuracies for low and high concentration quality control pools were 100 and 101%, respectively. The minimum reporting level (MRL) for TETS in this method is 0.50 mu g L-1. Five drinking waters representing a range of water quality parameters and disinfection practices were fortified with TETS at ten times the MRL and analyzed over a 28 day period to determine the stability of TETS in these waters. The amount of TETS measured in these samples averaged 100 +/- 6% of the amount fortified suggesting that tap water samples may be held for up to 28 days prior to analysis. C1 [Knaack, Jennifer S.; Hamelin, Elizabeth I.; Ash, Doris; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Magnuson, Matthew; Silvestri, Erin] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-44, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RJohnson6@cdc.gov FU USEPA, through its Office of Research and Development; CDC; EPA [DW75-92259701] FX The authors would like to thank Benjamin Ku for assisting with graphical editing. The research described herein has been peer and administratively reviewed and has been approved for publication as a joint U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) document. The USEPA, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and collaborated with the CDC in the research described herein under EPA IA# DW75-92259701. Note that approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views of the USEPA, the CDC, the Public Health Service, or the US Department of Health and Human Services. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 EI 1759-9679 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PY 2014 VL 6 IS 8 BP 2780 EP 2784 DI 10.1039/c3ay41912f PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA AD8NZ UT WOS:000333524200049 ER PT J AU Pawlowski, CW Rhea, L Shuster, WD Barden, G AF Pawlowski, C. W. Rhea, L. Shuster, W. D. Barden, G. TI Some Factors Affecting Inflow and Infiltration from Residential Sources in a Core Urban Area: Case Study in a Columbus, Ohio, Neighborhood SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Inflow; Infiltration; Regression models; Sanitary sewers; Case studies; Ohio; Urban areas; Inflow; Infiltration; Regression models; Sanitary sewers AB Stormwater infiltration and inflow are major contributors to sewer flow, and thus they can be significant triggers for combined and sanitary sewer overflows, both of which introduce contaminants to surface waters. There are few estimates of private residential rainfall-dependent inflow and infiltration (RDII), and this paper proposes that a rapid and cost-effective means to locate points of significant stormwater entry into the sewer system would be advantageous for combined and sanitary sewer management. The authors studied the collection system in the Barthman-Parsons area of Columbus, Ohio, performing detailed drainage and connectivity investigations on 116 private houses located in areas served by separated sanitary sewers. Sources of inflow and infiltration (I/I) were identified for private residential properties, which could include sump pumps, foundation drains, downspouts, cleanouts, yard drains, and defective service laterals. The authors then developed estimates of I/I contributions from residential properties in different neighborhood clusters, and these estimates were extrapolated to the entire Barthman-Parsons area. Field results found that 68% of tested properties contribute to I/I. Of the tested sample, 25% had at least one downspout that tested positive for I/I, and 59% had a lateral that tested positive. The results also showed that downspouts and laterals contributed approximately 98% of the total I/I volume generated by the tested properties in response to testing. These residential I/I sources were estimated to make up approximately 35% of total I/I for short, intense storms with dry antecedent conditions, and approximately 7% of total I/I under low-intensity, long-duration storms with wet antecedent conditions. An internally validated logistic model developed for the downspout data set was fairly accurate at predicting whether a property would test positive. It correctly classifies the downspouts of 17 of 27 houses as contributing I/I, and incorrectly predicts 14 as contributing. Had this model been available prior to testing, a majority of the houses' downspouts contributing to I/I could be eliminated without testing the entire population, offering significant savings in assessment and testing costs, and leading to an overall faster turnaround in system improvement. C1 [Pawlowski, C. W.] AECOM Technol Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. [Rhea, L.; Shuster, W. D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Barden, G.] Div Sewerage & Drainage, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. RP Pawlowski, CW (reprint author), AECOM Technol Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA. EM christopher.pawlowski@aecom.com RI Rossinskyi, Volodymyr/D-4292-2017 OI Rossinskyi, Volodymyr/0000-0002-9638-5018 NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 26 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 EI 1943-7900 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 1 BP 105 EP 114 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000799 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA AD7LS UT WOS:000333446000010 ER PT J AU Arandia-Perez, E Uber, JG Boccelli, DL Janke, R Hartman, D Lee, Y AF Arandia-Perez, Ernesto Uber, James G. Boccelli, Dominic L. Janke, Robert Hartman, David Lee, Yeongho TI Modeling Automatic Meter Reading Water Demands as Nonhomogeneous Point Processes SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Water demand; Stochastic models; Simulation; Ohio; Automatic meter reading; Water demands; Nonhomogeneous Poisson process AB In this paper, an overview of a strategy for automatic meter reading (AMR) data interpretation and aggregation is presented along with the proposed stochastic models adequate for representing the intrinsic characteristics of the data. Water demand measurements from single user accounts are obtained from an AMR system that continuously monitors consumption in different zones of Cincinnati, Ohio. The data represent volumetric measurements characterized by fixed increments, which depend on the sensitivity of the instruments used and occur at irregular times due to the polling method of the AMR system. Given the nature of the data, a nonhomogeneous Poisson process is proposed to model the arrivals of the increments within a selected time interval of 350days. An exponential-polynomial-trigonometric rate function with multiple periodicities (EPTMP) is assumed to describe both trends and periodicities in the observed data. A specific methodology for estimating the parameters of the EPTMP rate function is presented, based on the method of maximum likelihood. In order to evaluate the estimation technique, a performance evaluation is carried out on synthetic data generated in simulation. Finally, the estimation method is applied and tested on samples of the complete AMR data set, which is obtained from aggregating randomly selected subsets of different magnitude. The results provide significant evidence of the numerical stability and accuracy of the modeling procedure and encourage the use in simulation and prediction of water demands at network nodes from available AMR data. C1 [Arandia-Perez, Ernesto; Uber, James G.; Boccelli, Dominic L.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, SEEBME, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Janke, Robert] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hartman, David] Greater Cincinnati Water Works, Cincinnati, OH 45228 USA. [Lee, Yeongho] Greater Cincinnati Water Works, Cincinnati, OH 45228 USA. RP Arandia-Perez, E (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, SEEBME, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM arandiao@mail.uc.edu; jim.uber@uc.edu; bocceldl@ucmail.uc.edu; janke.robert@epamail.epa.gov; david.hartman@gcww.cincinnat-oh.gov; yeongho.lee@gcww.cincinnat-oh.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development; Argonne National Laboratory through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development funded, managed, and participated in the research described here under an interagency agreement with Argonne National Laboratory through the U.S. Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We would like to acknowledge Joshua Rose of Neptune Equipment for his timely technical support during this study. We also thank Drs. Marco Franchini and Stefano Alvisi of the University of Ferrara, Italy, for their thorough reviews. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EPA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9496 EI 1943-5452 J9 J WATER RES PLAN MAN JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 1 BP 55 EP 64 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000318 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA AD7OM UT WOS:000333453500007 ER PT J AU Varma, RS AF Varma, Rajender S. TI Journey on greener pathways: from the use of alternate energy inputs and benign reaction media to sustainable applications of nano-catalysts in synthesis and environmental remediation SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLVENT-FREE SYNTHESIS; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) NANOCOMPOSITES; AQUEOUS N-HETEROCYCLIZATION; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL PEG; BETA-KETO SULFONES; ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; VISIBLE-LIGHT; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; IONIC LIQUIDS AB Sustainable synthetic processes developed during the past two decades involving the use of alternate energy inputs and greener reaction media are summarized. These processes include examples of coupling reactions, the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, and a variety of reactions catalyzed by basic water or recyclable and reusable magnetic nano-catalysts in aqueous media or polyethylene glycol (PEG) using microwave (MW) irradiation or mechanochemical mixing. Micropine-structured catalysts, magnetic nanoferrites and their synthetic modifications with ligands, and decoration with other nano-metals serve as sustainable nano-catalysts in eco-friendly media. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) can be doped with metal (Ag) and nonmetal atoms such as sulfur (S), nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) to enhance its activity in visible light. These strategic approaches attempt to fulfill most of the Green Chemistry Principles in a comprehensive manner and aim to generate sustainable functional chemicals that may find large-scale use with significant waste minimization. C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov NR 143 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 54 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 EI 1463-9270 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2027 EP 2041 DI 10.1039/c3gc42640h PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD5ZC UT WOS:000333331200038 ER PT J AU Baig, RBN Nadagouda, MN Varma, RS AF Baig, R. B. Nasir Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N. Varma, Rajender S. TI Ruthenium on chitosan: a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for aqueous hydration of nitriles to amides SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; NATURAL PHOSPHATE; AMINO-ACIDS; HYDROXYAPATITE; WATER; CYCLOADDITION; HYDROLYSIS; ADSORPTION; BIOPOLYMER; COMPLEXES AB Ruthenium has been immobilized over chitosan by simply stirring an aqueous suspension of chitosan in water with ruthenium chloride, and has been utilized for the oxidation of nitriles to amides; the hydration of nitriles occurs in high yield and excellent selectivity, which proceeds exclusively in aqueous medium under neutral conditions. C1 [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Baig, RBN (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM varma.rajender@.epa.gov NR 54 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 28 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 EI 1463-9270 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2122 EP 2127 DI 10.1039/c3gc42004c PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AD5ZC UT WOS:000333331200046 ER PT J AU Atekwana, EA Mewafy, FM Aal, GA Werkema, DD Revil, A Slater, LD AF Atekwana, Estella A. Mewafy, Farag M. Aal, Gamal Abdel Werkema, D. Dale, Jr. Revil, Andre Slater, Lee D. TI High-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements for investigating magnetic mineral formation during microbial mediated iron reduction SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE magnetic susceptibility; iron reduction; magnetite ID HYDROCARBON-CONTAMINATED SITE; NATURAL ATTENUATION PROCESSES; HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; OIL SPILL SITE; CRUDE-OIL; GRAVEL AQUIFER; SHALLOW SAND; UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS; PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS; METHANE OXIDATION AB Disimilatory iron-reducing bacteria play an important role in the reduction of Fe(hydr)oxides and the production of secondary solid-iron mineral phases that can have magnetic properties. Magnetic susceptibility can therefore play an important role in identifying zones where microbial-mediated iron reduction is occurring. We investigated the magnetic susceptibility variations in a hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer where methanogenesis and iron reduction are the main biogeochemical processes. Our objectives are to (1) determine the variability of magnetic susceptibility, (2) determine the hydrobiogeochemical controls on the magnetic susceptibility variability, and (3) evaluate the use of magnetic susceptibility as a viable technique for identifying zones where the coupling of iron and organic carbon cycling is occurring. Magnetic susceptibility data were acquired down 11 boreholes within contaminated and uncontaminated locations. We show that magnetic susceptibility values for boreholes within the free phase plume are higher than values for boreholes within the dissolved phase plume and background. Magnetic susceptibility values are highest within the zone of water table fluctuation with peaks predominantly occurring at the highest water table marks and are also coincident with high concentrations of dissolved Fe(II) and organic carbon content, suggesting that the zone of water table fluctuation is most biologically active. High magnetic susceptibility values within the vadose zone above the free phase plume are coincident with a zone of methane depletion suggesting aerobic or anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to iron reduction. Our results suggest that magnetic susceptibility can be used as a viable tool in iron and carbon cycling studies. Key Points Microbial mediated iron-reduction can result in the precipitation of magnetite Higher magnetic susceptibility occurs within zones of iron-reduction Magnetic susceptibility is a viable tool in iron and carbon cycling studies C1 [Atekwana, Estella A.; Mewafy, Farag M.; Aal, Gamal Abdel] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Mewafy, Farag M.; Aal, Gamal Abdel] Assiut Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Geol, Assiut, Egypt. [Werkema, D. Dale, Jr.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Revil, Andre] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Revil, Andre] Univ Savoie, UMR CNRS 5275, CNRS, ISTerre, Le Bourget Du Lac, France. [Slater, Lee D.] Rutgers Newark, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ USA. RP Atekwana, EA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM estella.atekwana@okstate.edu FU Enbridge Energy (Ltd.); Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; U.S.G.S. Toxic Waste Substances Program; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development [EP-10-D-000488]; Chevron Energy Technology Company [CW852844]; NSF [EAR-0722410] FX This material is partially based on work supported by Enbridge Energy (Ltd.), the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and the U.S.G.S. Toxic Waste Substances Program. We thank W. Herkalrath, F. Day-Lewis, J. Lane, M. Erickson, B. Bekins, and J. Trost (U.S.G.S.), J. Heenan and C. Zhang (Rutgers-Newark) for valuable field support and discussions. The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under EP-10-D-000488. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The authors acknowledge funding from Chevron Energy Technology Company (grant CW852844) and use of Oklahoma State University's XRD Core Facility. Funding for the SEM was provided by NSF grant EAR-0722410. The manuscript benefitted substantially from the constructive comments provided by two anonymous reviewers and the Editors. This is the Boone Pickens School of Geology contribution #2013-8. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 119 IS 1 BP 80 EP 94 DI 10.1002/2013JG002414 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AD3RX UT WOS:000333164700006 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, N Jacobs, NC Hafner, M Kennington, EA Nusbaum, JD Tuschl, T Blackshear, PJ Ohler, U AF Mukherjee, Neelanjan Jacobs, Nicholas C. Hafner, Markus Kennington, Elizabeth A. Nusbaum, Jeffrey D. Tuschl, Thomas Blackshear, Perry J. Ohler, Uwe TI Global target mRNA specification and regulation by the RNA-binding protein ZFP36 SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AU-RICH ELEMENT; ZINC-FINGER DOMAIN; T-CELL-ACTIVATION; WIDE ANALYSIS; PAR-CLIP; UNTRANSLATED REGIONS; SEQUENCE ELEMENTS; ELAV PROTEIN; HUMAN GENOME; TRISTETRAPROLIN AB Background: ZFP36, also known as tristetraprolin or TTP, and ELAVL1, also known as HuR, are two disease-relevant RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that both interact with AU-rich sequences but have antagonistic roles. While ELAVL1 binding has been profiled in several studies, the precise in vivo binding specificity of ZFP36 has not been investigated on a global scale. We determined ZFP36 binding preferences using cross-linking and immunoprecipitation in human embryonic kidney cells, and examined the combinatorial regulation of AU-rich elements by ZFP36 and ELAVL1. Results: Targets bound and negatively regulated by ZFP36 include transcripts encoding proteins necessary for immune function and cancer, and transcripts encoding other RBPs. Using partial correlation analysis, we were able to quantify the association between ZFP36 binding sites and differential target RNA abundance upon ZFP36 overexpression independent of effects from confounding features. Genes with increased mRNA half-lives in ZFP36 knockout versus wild-type mouse cells were significantly enriched for our human ZFP36 targets. We identified thousands of overlapping ZFP36 and ELAVL1 binding sites, in 1,313 genes, and found that ZFP36 degrades transcripts through specific AU-rich sequences, representing a subset of the U-rich sequences ELAVL1 interacts with to stabilize transcripts. Conclusions: ZFP36-RNA target specificities in vivo are quantitatively similar to previously reported in vitro binding affinities. ZFP36 and ELAVL1 bind an overlapping spectrum of RNA sequences, yet with differential relative preferences that dictate combinatorial regulatory potential. Our findings and methodology delineate an approach to unravel in vivo combinatorial regulation by RNA-binding proteins. C1 [Mukherjee, Neelanjan; Jacobs, Nicholas C.; Ohler, Uwe] Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, Berlin Inst Med Syst Biol, D-13125 Berlin, Germany. [Kennington, Elizabeth A.; Blackshear, Perry J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hafner, Markus; Nusbaum, Jeffrey D.; Tuschl, Thomas] Rockefeller Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Hafner, Markus; Nusbaum, Jeffrey D.; Tuschl, Thomas] Rockefeller Univ, Lab RNA Mol Biol, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Mukherjee, N (reprint author), Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, Berlin Inst Med Syst Biol, Robert Rossle Str 10, D-13125 Berlin, Germany. EM neelanjan.mukherjee@mdc-berlin.de; uwe.ohler@mdc-berlin.de OI Jacobs, Nicholas/0000-0002-2617-6173; Nusbaum, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5024-8256; Mukherjee, Neelanjan/0000-0003-0017-1400; Hafner, Markus/0000-0002-4336-6518 FU US National Institutes of Health [R01-GM104962]; EU Marie Curie IIF (EU); NIH, NIEHS FX TT and UO acknowledge support from an award by the US National Institutes of Health (R01-GM104962). NM is supported by EU Marie Curie IIF (EU). PJB acknowledges support from the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIEHS. We would like to acknowledge Jack Keene for very insightful early discussions and suggestions. NR 62 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2014 VL 15 IS 1 SI SI AR R12 DI 10.1186/gb-2014-15-1-r12 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AD0MC UT WOS:000332927100012 PM 24401661 ER PT J AU Fu, X Wang, SX Cheng, Z Xing, J Zhao, B Wang, JD Hao, JM AF Fu, X. Wang, S. X. Cheng, Z. Xing, J. Zhao, B. Wang, J. D. Hao, J. M. TI Source, transport and impacts of a heavy dust event in the Yangtze River Delta, China, in 2011 SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ASIAN DUST; MINERAL DUST; PART I; METEOROLOGICAL PREDICTIONS; CONTROL POLICIES; CLOUD FORMATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODEL; PARTICLES; EMISSION AB Dust invasion is an important type of particle pollution in China. During 1 to 6 May in 2011, a dust event was observed in the Yangtze River Delta region (YRD). The highest PM10 (particles up to 10 mu in diameter) concentration reached over 1000 mu g m(-3) and the visibility was below 3 km. In this study, the Community Multi-scale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ5.0) coupled with an in-line windblown dust model was used to simulate the formation, spatial and temporal characteristics of this dust event, and analyze its impacts. The threshold friction velocity for loose, fine-grained soil with low surface roughness in the dust model was revised based on Chinese data to improve the model performance. This dust storm broke out in Xinjiang and Mongolia during 28 to 30 April and arrived in the YRD region on 1 May. The transported dust particles contributed to the mean surface layer concentrations of PM10 in the YRD region 78.9% during 1 to 6 May with their impact weakening from north to south due to the removal of dust particles along the path. The dry deposition, wet deposition and total deposition of PM10 in the YRD reached 184.7 kt, 172.6 kt and 357.32 kt, respectively. The dust particles also had significant impacts on optical/radiative characteristics by absorption and scattering. In Shanghai, the largest perturbations of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and irradiance were about 0.8DU and -130 W m(-2), which could obviously influence the radiation balance in this region. The decrease of actinic fluxes impacts future photochemistry. In Shanghai, the negative effects on the NO2 and O-3 photolysis could be -35% when dust particles arrived. The concentrations of O3 and OH were reduced by 1.5% and 3.1% in the whole of China, and by 9.4% and 12.1% in the YRD region, respectively. Such changes in O-3 and OH levels can affect the future formation of secondary aerosols in the atmosphere by directly determining the oxidation rate of their precursors. The work of this manuscript is meaningful for understanding the dust emissions in China as well as for the application of CMAQ in Asia. It is also helpful for understanding the formation mechanism and impacts of dust pollution in the YRD. C1 [Fu, X.; Wang, S. X.; Cheng, Z.; Xing, J.; Zhao, B.; Wang, J. D.; Hao, J. M.] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, S. X.] State Environm Protect Key Lab Sources & Control, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Xing, J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hao, J. M.] Tsinghua Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Reg Environm Qual, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Wang, SX (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM shxwang@tsinghua.edu.cn RI xing, jia/O-1784-2014; wang, shuxiao/H-5990-2011 OI wang, shuxiao/0000-0001-9727-1963 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21221004]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XBD05020300]; special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control [12L05ESPC]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-10-0532]; China Scholarship Council FX This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21221004), Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XBD05020300), and the special fund of State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (12L05ESPC). The corresponding author, Shuxiao Wang, is supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-10-0532) and the China Scholarship Council. The authors also very much appreciate the help on CMAQ5.0 from David Wong at the US Environmental Protection Agency and the help on the dust emission module in CMAQ5.0 from Daniel Q. Tong at the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NR 61 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 71 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 1239 EP 1254 DI 10.5194/acp-14-1239-2014 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC2ZN UT WOS:000332384900007 ER PT J AU Gan, CM Pleim, J Mathur, R Hogrefe, C Long, CN Xing, J Roselle, S Wei, C AF Gan, C. -M. Pleim, J. Mathur, R. Hogrefe, C. Long, C. N. Xing, J. Roselle, S. Wei, C. TI Assessment of the effect of air pollution controls on trends in shortwave radiation over the United States from 1995 through 2010 from multiple observation networks SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE SOLAR-RADIATION; BUDGET NETWORK; OPTICAL DEPTH; AEROSOL; RADIOMETER; EMISSIONS; SURFRAD AB Long-term data sets of all-sky and clear-sky downwelling shortwave (SW) radiation, cloud cover fraction, and aerosol optical depth (AOD) were analyzed together with surface concentrations from several networks (e. g., Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD), Clean Air Status and Trend Network (CASTNET), Interagency Monitoring of Protection Visual Environments (IMPROVE) and Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)) in the United States (US). Seven states with varying climatology were selected to better understand the effects of aerosols and clouds on SW radiation. This analysis aims to assess the effects of reductions in anthropogenic aerosol burden resulting from substantial reductions in emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) over the past 16 yr across the US, based on trends in SW radiation. The SO2 and NOx emission data show decreasing trends from 1995 to 2010, which indirectly validates the effects of the Clean Air Act (CAA) in the US. Meanwhile, the total column AOD and surface total PM2.5 observations also show decreasing trends in the eastern US but slightly increasing trends in the western US. Moreover, measured surface concentrations of several other pollutants (i.e., SO2, SO4 and NOx) have similar behavior to AOD and total PM2.5. Analysis of the observed data shows strong increasing trends in all-sky downwelling SW radiation with decreasing trends in cloud cover. However, since observations of both all-sky direct and diffuse SW radiation show increasing trends, there may be other factors contributing to the radiation trends in addition to the decreasing trends in overall cloud cover. To investigate the role of direct radiative effects of aerosols, clear-sky downwelling radiation is analyzed so that cloud effects are eliminated. However, similar increasing trends in clear-sky total and diffuse SW radiation are observed. While significantly decreasing trends in AOD and surface PM2.5 concentrations along with increasing SW radiation (both all-sky and clear-sky) in the eastern US during 1995-2010 imply the occurrence of direct aerosol mediated "brightening", the increasing trends of both all-sky and clear-sky diffuse SW radiation contradicts this conclusion since diffuse radiation would be expected to decrease as aerosols direct effects decrease and cloud cover decreases. After investigating several confounding factors, the increasing trend in clear-sky diffuse SW may be due to more high-level cirrus from increasing air traffic over the US. The clear-sky radiation observations in the western US also show indications of "brightening" even though the AOD, PM2.5 and surface concentration do not vary drastically. This outcome was not unexpected because the CAA controls were mainly aimed at reducing air pollutant emissions in the eastern US and air pollutant levels in the western US were much lower at the onset. This suggests other factors affect the "brightening" especially in the western US. C1 [Gan, C. -M.; Pleim, J.; Mathur, R.; Hogrefe, C.; Xing, J.; Roselle, S.; Wei, C.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Long, C. N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gan, CM (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM chuenmeei@gmail.com RI xing, jia/O-1784-2014; wei, chao/E-4379-2011; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017 OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082 FU US Department of Energy [IA DE-SC0003782]; US Environmental Protection Agency [IA RW-89-9233260]; Climate Change Research Division of the US Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program FX This research was performed while C.-M. Gan held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at US EPA. The research presented in this study was supported through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy (funding IA DE-SC0003782) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (funding IA RW-89-9233260). It has been subject to the US EPA's administrative review and approved for publication. The author also would like thank J. Augustine from NOAA-SURFRAD for his support and assistance in obtaining the SURFRAD data. C. N. Long acknowledges the support of the Climate Change Research Division of the US Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program. We also appreciate the comments of three reviewers and the editor, which have significantly improved this paper. NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 21 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 1701 EP 1715 DI 10.5194/acp-14-1701-2014 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC2ZN UT WOS:000332384900034 ER PT J AU Wine, O Hackett, C Campbell, S Cabrera-Rivera, O Buka, I Zaiane, O DeVito, SC Osornio-Vargas, A AF Wine, Osnat Hackett, Cian Campbell, Sandy Cabrera-Rivera, Orlando Buka, Irena Zaiane, Osmar DeVito, Stephen C. Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro TI Using pollutant release and transfer register data in human health research: a scoping review SO ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE pollutant release and transfer registries; PRTR; human health; industrial emissions; toxic chemical releases ID ENVIRONMENTAL MERCURY RELEASE; HAZARDOUS AIR-POLLUTANTS; BREAST-CANCER INCIDENCE; UNITED-STATES; PROCESSING INSTALLATIONS; INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES; AUTISM PREVALENCE; HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; METAL PRODUCTION; MORTALITY-RATES AB Pollutant release and transfer registers (PRTRs) collect and provide information on chemicals released to the environment or otherwise managed as waste. They support the public's right-to-know and provide useful information in gauging performance of facilities, sectors, and governments. The extent to which these data have been used in research, particularly in relation to human health, has not been documented. In this scoping review our objective was to learn from scholarly literature the extent and nature of the use of PRTR data in human health research. We performed literature searches (1994-2011) using various search engines and (or) key words. Articles selected for review were chosen following predefined criteria, to extract and analyze data. One hundred and eighty four papers were identified. Forty investigated possible relations with health outcomes: 33 of them identified positive associations. The rest explored other uses of PRTR data. Papers identified challenges, some imputable to the PRTR. We conclude that PRTR data are useful for research, including health-related studies, and have significant potential for prioritizing research needs that can influence policy, management, and ultimately human health. In spite of their inherent limitations, PRTRs represent a perfectible, unique useful source, whose application to human health research appears to be underutilized. Developing strategies to overcome these limitations could improve data quality and increase its utility in future environmental health research and policy applications. C1 [Wine, Osnat; Hackett, Cian; Buka, Irena; Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro] Univ Alberta, Edmonton Clin Hlth Acad, Dept Paediat, Childrens Environm Hlth Clin ChEHC, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada. [Campbell, Sandy] Univ Alberta, Walter C Mackenzie Hlth Sci Ctr, John W Scott Hlth Sci Lib, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada. [Cabrera-Rivera, Orlando] Air Qual & Pollutant Releases Commiss Environm Co, Montreal, PQ H2Y 1N9, Canada. [Zaiane, Osmar] Stollery Childrens & Misericordia Community Hosp, Mother Rosalie Hlth Serv Ctr, Child Hlth Clin, Edmonton, AB T5R 4H5, Canada. [DeVito, Stephen C.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Toxics Release Inventory Program, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Osornio-Vargas, A (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Edmonton Clin Hlth Acad, Dept Paediat, Childrens Environm Hlth Clin ChEHC, 11405 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada. EM osornio@ualberta.ca OI Campbell, Sandy/0000-0002-9347-3880; Osornio Vargas, Alvaro/0000-0001-8287-7102 FU Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada - Alberta Health Services; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada; Interdisciplinary Health Research Academy (IHRA), University of Alberta, Canada FX This study was supported by an Emerging research team grant from the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada - Alberta Health Services. Cian Hackett was partially supported by a summer student scholarship from the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Canada. ChEHC activities were supported by the Interdisciplinary Health Research Academy (IHRA), University of Alberta, Canada. NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 1208-6053 EI 1181-8700 J9 ENVIRON REV JI Environ. Rev. PY 2014 VL 22 IS 1 BP 51 EP 65 DI 10.1139/er-2013-0036 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AB9GO UT WOS:000332099300003 ER PT J AU Henderson, BH Akhtar, F Pye, HOT Napelenok, SL Hutzell, WT AF Henderson, B. H. Akhtar, F. Pye, H. O. T. Napelenok, S. L. Hutzell, W. T. TI A database and tool for boundary conditions for regional air quality modeling: description and evaluation SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; EMISSION REDUCTIONS; PARTICULATE MATTER; BACKGROUND OZONE; SURFACE OZONE; TRANSPORT; CHEMISTRY AB Transported air pollutants receive increasing attention as regulations tighten and global concentrations increase. The need to represent international transport in regional air quality assessments requires improved representation of boundary concentrations. Currently available observations are too sparse vertically to provide boundary information, particularly for ozone precursors, but global simulations can be used to generate spatially and temporally varying lateral boundary conditions (LBC). This study presents a public database of global simulations designed and evaluated for use as LBC for air quality models (AQMs). The database covers the contiguous United States (CONUS) for the years 2001-2010 and contains hourly varying concentrations of ozone, aerosols, and their precursors. The database is complemented by a tool for configuring the global results as inputs to regional scale models (e. g., Community Multiscale Air Quality or Comprehensive Air quality Model with extensions). This study also presents an example application based on the CONUS domain, which is evaluated against satellite retrieved ozone and carbon monoxide vertical profiles. The results show performance is largely within uncertainty estimates for ozone from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument and carbon monoxide from the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT), but there were some notable biases compared with Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) ozone. Compared with TES, our ozone predictions are high-biased in the upper troposphere, particularly in the south during January. This publication documents the global simulation database, the tool for conversion to LBC, and the evaluation of concentrations on the boundaries. This documentation is intended to support applications that require representation of long-range transport of air pollutants. C1 [Henderson, B. H.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Akhtar, F.] CSC, Alexandria, VA USA. [Pye, H. O. T.; Napelenok, S. L.; Hutzell, W. T.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Henderson, BH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM barronh@ufl.edu RI Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014; Henderson, Barron/E-4392-2014; Pye, Havala/F-5392-2012 OI Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445; Henderson, Barron/0000-0002-6755-3051; Pye, Havala/0000-0002-2014-2140 FU Research Participation Program at the Environmental Protection Agency; University of Florida FX Barron H. Henderson was supported in part by the Research Participation Program at the Environmental Protection Agency administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, and in part by startup funds from the University of Florida. NR 70 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 13 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2014 VL 7 IS 1 BP 339 EP 360 DI 10.5194/gmd-7-339-2014 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AC8QT UT WOS:000332799400013 ER PT J AU Clements, AL Fraser, MP Upadhyay, N Herckes, P Sundblom, M Lantz, J Solomon, PA AF Clements, Andrea L. Fraser, Matthew P. Upadhyay, Nabin Herckes, Pierre Sundblom, Michael Lantz, Jeffrey Solomon, Paul A. TI Chemical characterization of coarse particulate matter in the Desert Southwest - Pinal County Arizona, USA SO ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Desert aerosols; coarse particles; fine particles; chemical composition ID AIR-POLLUTION; AMBIENT AIR; MORTALITY; FINE; PARTICLES; ASSOCIATIONS; SAMPLES; CITIES; MOBILE; PM10 AB The Desert Southwest Coarse Particulate Matter Study was undertaken to further our understanding of ambient concentrations and the composition of fine and coarse particles in rural, arid environments. Sampling was conducted in Pinal County, Arizona between February 2009 and February 2010. The goals of this study were to: (1) chemically characterize the coarse and fine fraction of the ambient particulate matter in terms of mass, ions, elements, bulk organic and elemental carbon; (2) examine the temporal and spatial variability of particles within the area using a series of three sampling locations and use this information to determine the contribution of local vs. regional sources; (3) collect, re-suspend, and chemically characterize various crustal sources within the area to identify differences which may isolate them (crustal sources) as independent sources, and; (4) use a receptor based modeling approach to identify particle sources and the relative impact of each on ambient PM concentrations. This work reviews the study objectives, design, site descriptions, and measurement techniques relevant to this research effort and presents the general characteristics of PM during the study period. This unique dataset will support efforts to reduce PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in the area to below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for these pollutants. Coarse particle concentrations are, on average, approximately 5 times fine particle mass concentrations within the region. Coarse particle concentrations in Pinal County are highest during spring and fall seasons, consistent with the tilling and harvesting seasons while fine particles concentrations are highest during fall. Crustal material is the dominant component of coarse particle composition, representing 50% of the mass on average followed closely by organic matter representing 15%. Fine particles still contain a significant crustal fraction (30%) but organic matter dominates at 37% of the particle mass. C1 [Clements, Andrea L.] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Fraser, Matthew P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Upadhyay, Nabin; Herckes, Pierre] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Sundblom, Michael] Pinal Cty Air Qual Control Dist, Florence, AZ 85132 USA. [Lantz, Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Fraser, MP (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil & Built Environm, POB 875306, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Matthew.Fraser@asu.edu RI Herckes, Pierre/E-6824-2011; OI Herckes, Pierre/0000-0002-0205-3187; Clements, Andrea/0000-0003-0764-5584 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 9; Pinal County Air Quality Control District; United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [83404901]; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development FX The authors wish to acknowledge and thank the Pinal County Air Quality Control District for their assistance with collection of the ambient air quality samples as well as for power and access to their field sampling sites. Thanks also to the State of Arizona Department of Environmental Quality for the loan of the dichotomous samplers that made this work possible. We also thank Dr. Yuling Jia and Patrick Montgomery who assisted with the gravimetric measurements of filter media. Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 9, U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, and the Pinal County Air Quality Control District. The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under assistance agreement 83404901 to Arizona State University. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 22 PU TURKISH NATL COMMITTEE AIR POLLUTION RES & CONTROL-TUNCAP PI BUCA PA DOKUZ EYLUL UNIV, DEPT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, TINAZTEPE CAMPUS, BUCA, IZMIR 35160, TURKEY SN 1309-1042 J9 ATMOS POLLUT RES JI Atmos. Pollut. Res. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 1 BP 52 EP 61 DI 10.5094/APR.2014.007 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA9FE UT WOS:000331398400007 ER PT J AU Lomnicki, S Gullett, B Stoger, T Kennedy, I Diaz, J Dugas, TR Varner, K Carlin, DJ Dellinger, B Cormier, SA AF Lomnicki, Slawo Gullett, Brian Stoeger, Tobias Kennedy, Ian Diaz, Jim Dugas, Tammy R. Varner, Kurt Carlin, Danielle J. Dellinger, Barry Cormier, Stephania A. TI Combustion By-Products and Their Health Effects-Combustion Engineering and Global Health in the 21st Century: Issues and Challenges SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; PERSISTENT FREE-RADICALS; DECREASE CARDIAC-FUNCTION; MOUSE MODEL; IN-VITRO; EXPOSURE; PARTICLES; INFLAMMATION; DYSFUNCTION; MORTALITY C1 [Lomnicki, Slawo; Dellinger, Barry] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Gullett, Brian] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stoeger, Tobias] Helmholtz Zent Rum Munchen, Oberschleissheim, Germany. [Kennedy, Ian] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Diaz, Jim; Varner, Kurt] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Dugas, Tammy R.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol Toxicol & Neurosci, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. [Carlin, Danielle J.] NIEHS, Superfund Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Cormier, Stephania A.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Cormier, Stephania A.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Biochem, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Cormier, SA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Childrens Res Fdn Inst, 50 N Dunlap, Memphis, TN 38103 USA. EM scormier@uthsc.edu RI Stoger, Tobias/M-9861-2014 OI Stoger, Tobias/0000-0002-2790-0389 FU NIEHS [P42ES013648, R13ES022854]; NSF [1060103] FX The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The 13th congress was supported by funds from NIEHS (P42ES013648 to SL, TD, KV, and BD and SAC and R13ES022854 to BD) and NSF (1060103 to BD). NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 19 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 EI 1092-874X J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 IS 1 BP 3 EP 13 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA AA8UV UT WOS:000331371400001 PM 24434722 ER PT J AU Parker, AE Hamilton, MA Tomasino, SF AF Parker, Albert E. Hamilton, Martin A. Tomasino, Stephen F. TI A Statistical Model for Assessing Performance Standards for Quantitative and Semiquantitative Disinfectant Test Methods SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SURFACE CARRIER TEST; USE-DILUTION METHOD; LOG DENSITY VALUE; INOCULATED CARRIERS; TEST MICROBES; EFFICACY AB A performance standard for a disinfectant test method can be evaluated by quantifying the (Type I) pass-error rate for ineffective products and the (Type II) fail-error rate for highly effective products. This paper shows how to calculate these error rates for test methods where the log reduction in a microbial population is used as a measure of antimicrobial efficacy. The calculations can be used to assess performance standards that may require multiple tests of multiple microbes at multiple laboratories. Notably, the error rates account for among-laboratory variance of the log reductions estimated from a multilaboratory data set and the correlation among tests of different microbes conducted in the same laboratory. Performance standards that require that a disinfectant product pass all tests or multiple tests on average, are considered. The proposed statistical methodology is flexible and allows for a different acceptable outcome for each microbe tested, since, for example, variability may be different for different microbes. The approach can also be applied to semiquantitative methods for which product efficacy is reported as the number of positive carriers out of a treated set and the density of the microbes on control carriers is quantified, thereby allowing a log reduction to be calculated. Therefore, using the approach described in this paper, the error rates can also be calculated for semiquantitative method performance standards specified solely in terms of the maximum allowable number of positive carriers per test. The calculations are demonstrated in a case study of the current performance standard for the semiquantitative AOAC Use-Dilution Methods for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (964.02) and Staphylococcus aureus (955.15), which allow up to one positive carrier out of a set of 60 inoculated and treated carriers in each test. A simulation study was also conducted to verify the validity of the model's assumptions and accuracy. Our approach, easily implemented using the computer code provided, offers a quantitative decision-making tool for assessing a performance standard for any disinfectant test method for which log reductions can be calculated. C1 [Parker, Albert E.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Hamilton, Martin A.] Big Sky Stat Analysts LLC, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Tomasino, Stephen F.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epamail.epa.gov FU Montana State University [EP-W-08-014]; EPA OPP Microbiology Laboratory Branch [EP-W-08-014] FX This work was performed under contract EP-W-08-014 between Montana State University and EPA OPP Microbiology Laboratory Branch. We gratefully acknowledge substantial contributions from Darla Goeres at the Center for Biofilm Engineering at Montana State University in the preparation of this manuscript. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 EI 1944-7922 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 58 EP 67 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.13-105 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AB0QG UT WOS:000331496600008 PM 24672860 ER PT J AU Tomasino, SF Parker, AE Hamilton, MA AF Tomasino, Stephen F. Parker, Albert E. Hamilton, Martin A. TI Use of Statistical Modeling to Reassess the Performance Standard for the AOAC Use-Dilution Methods (955.15 and 964.02) SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SURFACE CARRIER TEST; LOG DENSITY VALUE; DISINFECTANT EFFICACY; INOCULATED CARRIERS; TEST MICROBES; REPRODUCIBILITY; REPEATABILITY; TESTS AB The AOAC Use-dilution methods (UDM) 955.15 (Staphylococcus aureus) and 964.02 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are laboratory methods used to substantiate antimicrobial efficacy claims for liquid disinfectants on inanimate surfaces. The UDM is accepted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the purpose of product registration. To attain a hospital-level claim, testing against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa is required, and the product must pass against both microbes. Currently, the UDM's performance standard for a single 60-carrier test is the same for both microbes, and allows up to one positive carrier for the product to be considered as a pass. In this paper, the performance standards for these methods are reassessed using data from a 2009 five-laboratory collaborative study and a recently published statistical model. The reassessment focuses on the pass-error rate for ineffective products and the fail-error rate for highly effective products. The calculations indicate that the pass-error rate is between 9 and 24% and the fail-error rate between 18 and 23% when the current performance standard is used for a single test. For product registration, a smaller pass-error rate (1%) historically has been maintained by requiring that a disinfectant pass three UDM tests for each of the two microbes; however, the calculations also indicate that the fail-error rate is between 42 and 45%. This large fail-error rate is a compelling reason to consider a new performance standard for the two UDM methods, 955.15 (S. aureus) and 964.02 (P. aeruginosa). One alternative performance standard allows no more than six positive carriers out of 60 as a pass when using P. aeruginosa and no more than three positive carriers out of 60 when using S. aureus. In addition, the new performance standard requires that three UDM tests be performed with each of the two microbes, and the disinfectant must pass all six tests to be considered efficacious. The statistical calculations for this alternative performance standard indicate that the pass-error rate is no more than 3%, while the fail-error rate is as small as 5%. Based on these error rate calculations, proposed revisions to the performance standards for AOAC Methods 955.15 and 964.02 are provided. C1 [Tomasino, Stephen F.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. [Parker, Albert E.] Montana State Univ, Ctr Biofilm Engn, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Hamilton, Martin A.] Big Sky Stat Analysts LLC, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Tomasino, SF (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microbiol Lab Branch,Environm Sci Ctr, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. EM Tomasino.Stephen@epa.gov FU Montana State University [EP-W-08-014]; EPA OPP Microbiology Laboratory Branch [EP-W-08-014] FX This work was performed under contract EP-W-08-014 between Montana State University and the EPA OPP Microbiology Laboratory Branch. We gratefully acknowledge substantial contributions from Darla Goeres at the Center for Biofilm Engineering at Montana State University in the preparation of this manuscript. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 EI 1944-7922 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 97 IS 1 BP 68 EP 77 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.13-216 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AB0QG UT WOS:000331496600009 PM 24672861 ER PT J AU Fare, R Grosskopf, S Pasurka, CA AF Faere, Rolf Grosskopf, Shawna Pasurka, Carl A., Jr. TI Potential gains from trading bad outputs: The case of US electric power plants SO RESOURCE AND ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Joint production; Weak disposability; Tradable permits ID POLLUTION AB Jointly with kilowatt-hours (kWh), electric power plants also produce CO2, NOX, and SO2. In this paper, we apply an environmental production model based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) to compare the production of kWh under command-and-control regulation of the undesirable byproduct with tradable permit regulation of the byproduct. This is done for each of the three undesirable outputs and combinations of them. We apply our model to a dataset of 80 coal-fired electric power plants from 1995 to 2005. From this we can identify the potential gains from trading the most common undesirable outputs produced by coal-fired electric power plants. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Faere, Rolf; Grosskopf, Shawna] Oregon State Univ, Dept Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Faere, Rolf] Oregon State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pasurka, Carl A., Jr.] US Environm Protect Agcy 1809T, Off Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Pasurka, CA (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy 1809T, Off Policy, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Pasurka.Carl@epa.gov RI Pasurka, Carl/H-8996-2016 OI Pasurka, Carl/0000-0001-9846-1507 NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-7655 EI 1873-0221 J9 RESOUR ENERGY ECON JI Resour. Energy Econ. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 36 IS 1 BP 99 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2013.11.004 PG 14 WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AA8JO UT WOS:000331342000007 ER PT J AU Radcliffe, DE Bradshaw, JK AF Radcliffe, D. E. Bradshaw, J. K. TI Model Test of Proposed Loading Rates for Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITRATE; NITROGEN; GROUNDWATER; PARAMETERS; EFFLUENT; SOILS; FATE AB State regulatory agencies set standards for onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS), commonly known as septic systems, based on expected hydraulic performance and nitrogen (N) treatment in soils of differing texture. In a previous study, hydraulic loading rates were proposed for four categories of soils ranging from Group I (sands) to Group IV (clays). Our objective was to use a HYDRUS model to test the hydraulic performance and N treatment for all 12 soil textural classes using 2 yr of weather data. The model simulated water, N, and temperature dynamics in a two-dimensional space surrounding a drain-field trench. It was calibrated in a previous field study on a clay soil and included water content dependent N transformations. In terms of hydraulic performance, we found that the proposed loading rates were adequate except for the sandy clay textural class in which the rate was too high and caused continuous ponding in the trench. Nitrogen treatment varied widely among soils with denitrification losses ranging from 1% in the Group-I sand to 75% in the Group-IV sandy clay, due to water content limits on denitrification. Leaching losses were inversely related to denitrifcation losses, ranging from 97% in the sand to 27% in the sandy clay. Plant uptake and soil storage accounted for 5% or less of the N losses. The shape of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curve and water retention curve were important in determining the prevailing pressure head in the soil and the degree to which denitrification was inhibited in the various soil classes. C1 [Radcliffe, D. E.] Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dep, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bradshaw, J. K.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab,Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Radcliffe, DE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Crop & Soil Sci Dep, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dradclif@uga.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DW8992298301]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [DW8992298301] FX This research was supported in part by an appointment of the second author to the Postdoctoral Research Program at the Ecosystems Research Division administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through Interagency Agreement No. (DW8992298301) between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This paper has been has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. The views in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The authors are grateful to the reviewers and associate editor for their comments and suggestions. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 78 IS 1 BP 97 EP 107 DI 10.2136/sssaj2013.07.0257 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AA5JX UT WOS:000331134000012 ER PT J AU Loughlin, DH Dodder, RS AF Loughlin, Daniel H. Dodder, Rebecca S. TI Engineering economic assessment of whole-house residential wood heating in New York SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Residential wood heating; Biomass; Heating costs; Heating device efficiency; Parametric sensitivity analysis AB Wood devices increasingly are being used for residential space heating in New York. Motivations include avoiding high and variable fuel costs, promoting energy independence, mitigating climate change, and stimulating local economic development. In this study, the influence of fuel prices, device costs, and device efficiencies on heating costs was examined. Lifetime costs of alternative heating technologies were calculated for a house in Syracuse, New York. Calculations were repeated to explore discount rates and fuel price projections. Combinations of wood price and device cost and efficiency were identified at which wood is competitive with other fuels. The results suggest that fuel costs drive competitiveness more than capital and installation costs. At typical wood prices, natural gas often is the least expensive option. Many rural areas do not have access to gas, however, and high-efficiency wood-heating devices can be very competitive with heat pumps, propane boilers, and fuel-oil boilers. Availability of low-cost or on-site wood can make wood the least expensive option. However, even "free" wood is not free when the equipment, labor, space and time required are considered. Furthermore, efficiencies of wood devices and their pollutant emissions can differ greatly. High emission rates have led to restrictions on use of specific wood-heating devices in some locations. Improved information and tools should be available to consumers for evaluating the suitability of wood heating for their particular situations. The work presented here is an example of such information. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Loughlin, Daniel H.; Dodder, Rebecca S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Loughlin, DH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E305-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Loughlin.Dan@epa.gov; Dodder.Rebecca@epa.gov FU New York State Energy Research and Development Agency (NYSERDA) [10665] FX The research results presented in this paper are an expansion of the work performed in the report "Environmental, energy market and health characterization of wood-fired hydronic heater technologies." That effort was sponsored by the New York State Energy Research and Development Agency (NYSERDA) under Project # 10665. Support and guidance were provided by the NYSERDA project manager, Ellen Burkhard, and the project oversight committee. Aside from identifying data sources for NY and providing feedback on the report, manuscript draft, and related presentations, these parties did not influence the development of this work nor the decision to publish. Others who have provided considerable input include Gil Wood, Roy Huntley, and Larry Sorrels of the US EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 60 BP 79 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.10.029 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AA0YU UT WOS:000330824100009 ER PT J AU Bullock, OR Alapaty, K Herwehe, JA Mallard, MS Otte, TL Gilliam, RC Nolte, CG AF Bullock, O. Russell, Jr. Alapaty, Kiran Herwehe, Jerold A. Mallard, Megan S. Otte, Tanya L. Gilliam, Robert C. Nolte, Christopher G. TI An Observation-Based Investigation of Nudging in WRF for Downscaling Surface Climate Information to 12-km Grid Spacing SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Regional effects; Numerical analysis; modeling; Climate prediction; Model evaluation; performance; Regional models ID 4-DIMENSIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; MODEL; PRECIPITATION AB Previous research has demonstrated the ability to use the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) and contemporary dynamical downscaling methods to refine global climate modeling results to a horizontal grid spacing of 36 km. Environmental managers and urban planners have expressed the need for even finer resolution in projections of surface-level weather to take into account local geophysical and urbanization patterns. In this study, WRF as previously applied at 36-km grid spacing is used with 12-km grid spacing with one-way nesting to simulate the year 2006 over the central and eastern United States. The results at both resolutions are compared with hourly observations of surface air temperature, humidity, and wind speed. The 12- and 36-km simulations are also compared with precipitation data from three separate observation and analysis systems. The results show some additional accuracy with the refinement to 12-km horizontal grid spacing, but only when some form of interior nudging is applied. A positive bias in precipitation found previously in the 36-km results becomes worse in the 12-km simulation, especially without the application of interior nudging. Model sensitivity testing shows that 12-km grid spacing can further improve accuracy for certain meteorological variables when alternate physics options are employed. However, the strong positive bias found for both surface-level water vapor and precipitation suggests that WRF as configured here may have an unbalanced hydrologic cycle that is returning moisture from land and/or water bodies to the atmosphere too quickly. C1 [Bullock, O. Russell, Jr.; Alapaty, Kiran; Herwehe, Jerold A.; Mallard, Megan S.; Otte, Tanya L.; Gilliam, Robert C.; Nolte, Christopher G.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bullock, OR (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM bullock.russell@epa.gov RI Nolte, Christopher/H-4345-2012; OI Nolte, Christopher/0000-0001-5224-9965; Mallard, Megan/0000-0001-6548-8914; Spero, Tanya/0000-0002-1600-0422 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 22 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 53 IS 1 BP 20 EP 33 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-030.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AA0FD UT WOS:000330770000002 ER PT J AU Berland, A Elliott, GP AF Berland, Adam Elliott, Grant P. TI Unexpected connections between residential urban forest diversity and vulnerability to two invasive beetles SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genus diversity; Pest vulnerability; Emerald ash borer; Asian longhorned beetle; Housing age; Minnesota; USA ID EMERALD ASH BORER; ASIAN LONGHORNED BEETLE; NORTH-AMERICA; COLEOPTERA; VEGETATION; TREES; MODEL AB Invasive pests pose a threat to the key environmental and social benefits provided by urban forests, and diverse tree planting is a primary management strategy for reducing pest vulnerability. For example, past urban forest losses to Dutch elm disease (DED) prompted municipal foresters to emphasize diversification, but it is unclear whether residential properties developed after the peak DED outbreak are actually more diverse than older properties. To address this issue, we inventoried all public and private trees on 150 residential properties in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, USA, and compared genus diversity on pre- and post-Dutch elm properties. We then quantified vulnerability to two current invasive pest threats, emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis) and Asian longhorned beetle (ALB) (Anoplophora glabripennis), to evaluate whether higher diversity corresponds with lower pest vulnerability. We assessed vulnerability based on two fundamental urban forest metrics-frequency and size of vulnerable trees. Surprisingly, properties developed after the peak DED outbreak were less diverse than older properties. At the same time, less diverse post-Dutch elm properties exhibited low ALB vulnerability and modest EAB vulnerability, while more diverse older sites were highly susceptible to ALB. The importance of pest host specificity in characterizing urban forest vulnerability was underscored by low EAB vulnerability and high ALB vulnerability on our oldest study sites. This research highlights an apparent disconnect between the theoretical notion that higher diversity should reduce invasive pest vulnerability, and our empirical data indicating that genus diversity does not necessarily correspond with pest vulnerability. C1 [Berland, Adam] Miami Univ, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Elliott, Grant P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geog, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Berland, A (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div,Sustainable Environm Bran, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM berland.adam@epa.gov RI Berland, Adam/E-3639-2013 OI Berland, Adam/0000-0003-0473-6405 FU National Science Foundation [1003138]; Graduate School at the University of Minnesota FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant #1003138, and by the Graduate School at the University of Minnesota. We thank Tom Crist for helpful discussions of biodiversity metrics, and Brewster Malevich for field assistance. Three anonymous reviewers and the handling editor provided constructive comments that improved the quality of the paper. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 65 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 29 IS 1 BP 141 EP 152 DI 10.1007/s10980-013-9953-2 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA AA1AD UT WOS:000330827600011 ER PT J AU Mack, CM Lin, BJ Turner, JD Johnstone, AFM Burgoon, LD Shafer, TJ AF Mack, Cina M. Lin, Bryant J. Turner, James D. Johnstone, Andrew F. M. Burgoon, Lyle D. Shafer, Timothy J. TI Burst and principal components analyses of MEA data for 16 chemicals describe at least three effects classes SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neurotoxicity screening; In vitro; Chemical fingerprinting ID MICROELECTRODE ARRAYS; NEURONAL NETWORKS; GABA(A) RECEPTOR; IN-VITRO; MULTIELECTRODE ARRAYS; NEUROTOXICITY; TOXICITY; FIPRONIL; CELLS; QUANTIFICATION AB Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) can be used to detect drug and chemical induced changes in neuronal network function and have been used for neurotoxicity screening. As a proof-of-concept, the current study assessed the utility of analytical "fingerprinting" using principal components analysis (PCA) and chemical class prediction using support vector machines (SVMs) to classify chemical effects based on MEA data from 16 chemicals. Spontaneous firing rate in primary cortical cultures was increased by bicuculline (BIC), lindane (LND), RDX and picrotoxin (PTX); not changed by nicotine (NIC), acetaminophen (ACE), and glyphosate (GLY); and decreased by muscimol (MUS), verapamil (VER), fipronil (FIP), fluoxetine (FLU), chlorpyrifos oxon (CPO), domoic acid (DA), deltamethrin (DELT) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP). PCA was performed on mean firing rate, bursting parameters and synchrony data for concentrations above each chemical's EC50 for mean firing rate. The first three principal components accounted for 67.5, 19.7, and 6.9% of the data variability and were used to identify separation between chemical classes visually through spatial proximity. In the PCA, there was clear separation of GABA(A) antagonists BIC, LND, and RDX from other chemicals. For the SVM prediction model, the experiments were classified into the three chemical classes of increasing, decreasing or no change in activity with a mean accuracy of 83.8% under a radial kernel with 10-fold cross-validation. The separation of different chemical classes through PCA and high prediction accuracy in SVM of a small dataset indicates that MEA data may be useful for separating chemicals into effects classes using these or other related approaches. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mack, Cina M.; Johnstone, Andrew F. M.; Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lin, Bryant J.] NC Sch Sci & Math, Durham, NC USA. [Turner, James D.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burgoon, Lyle D.] US EPA, ORD, NCEA, Durham, NC USA. RP Shafer, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, MD-B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Shafer.tim@epa.gov OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987; Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352; Turner, James/0000-0002-8282-7591 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; EPA-Shaw University Research Apprenticeship Program for High School Students [CR-83414001] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Brian Robinette in preparing cortical cultures on the MEAs. In addition, we thank Drs William LeFew and David Herr of the US EPA for constructive comments on previous versions of this manuscript. Preparation of this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This document has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. BJL and JDT were supported in part through the EPA-Shaw University Research Apprenticeship Program for High School Students (Cooperative agreement number CR-83414001). NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X EI 1872-9711 J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD JAN PY 2014 VL 40 BP 75 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.11.008 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA AA3XD UT WOS:000331027600010 PM 24325902 ER PT J AU Baig, RBN Vaddula, BR Gonzalez, MA Varma, RS AF Baig, R. B. Nasir Vaddula, Buchi R. Gonzalez, Michael A. Varma, Rajender S. TI N-Allylation of amines with allyl acetates using chitosan-immobilized palladium SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ASYMMETRIC-SYNTHESIS; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; CATALYST; ACIDS; ALKYLATIONS; (-)-STRYCHNINE; CYCLOADDITION; SUBSTITUTION; ROSEOPHILIN; AMINATIONS AB A simple procedure for N-allylation of amines with allyl acetates has been developed using a biodegradable and easily recyclable heterogeneous chitosan-supported palladium catalyst. The general methodology, applicable to a wide range of substrates, has sustainable features that include a ligand-free reaction with simple workup, recycling and reusability of the catalyst. C1 [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Vaddula, Buchi R.; Gonzalez, Michael A.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov FU Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX R.B.N.B. and B.R.V. were supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We thank Dr M. Nadagouda for recording XRD data and valuable suggestions. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2014 VL 4 IS 18 BP 9103 EP 9106 DI 10.1039/c3ra47899h PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AA0QH UT WOS:000330800700025 ER PT J AU Kleensang, A Maertens, A Rosenberg, M Fitzpatrick, S Lamb, J Auerbach, S Brennan, R Crofton, KM Gordon, B Fornace, AJ Gaido, K Gerhold, D Haw, R Henney, A Ma'ayan, A McBride, M Monti, S Ochs, MF Pandey, A Sharan, R Stierum, R Tugendreich, S Willett, C Wittwehr, C Xia, JG Patton, GW Arvidson, K Bouhifd, M Hogberg, HT Luechtefeld, T Smirnova, L Zhao, L Adeleye, Y Kanehisa, M Carmichael, P Andersen, ME Hartung, T AF Kleensang, Andre Maertens, Alexandra Rosenberg, Michael Fitzpatrick, Suzanne Lamb, Justin Auerbach, Scott Brennan, Richard Crofton, Kevin M. Gordon, Ben Fornace, Albert J., Jr. Gaido, Kevin Gerhold, David Haw, Robin Henney, Adrian Ma'ayan, Avi McBride, Mary Monti, Stefano Ochs, Michael F. Pandey, Akhilesh Sharan, Roded Stierum, Rob Tugendreich, Stuart Willett, Catherine Wittwehr, Clemens Xia, Jianguo Patton, Geoffrey W. Arvidson, Kirk Bouhifd, Mounir Hogberg, Helena T. Luechtefeld, Thomas Smirnova, Lena Zhao, Liang Adeleye, Yeyejide Kanehisa, Minoru Carmichael, Paul Andersen, Melvin E. Hartung, Thomas TI Pathways of Toxicity SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE systems toxicology; pathways of toxicity; adverse outcome pathways; in vitro toxicology; human toxome ID BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; SYSTEMS TOXICOLOGY; 21ST-CENTURY; THOUGHT; FOOD; VALIDATION; TOXICOGENOMICS; PERSPECTIVES; TECHNOLOGIES; INTEGRATION AB Despite wide-spread consensus on the need to transform toxicology and risk assessment in order to keep pace with technological and computational changes that have revolutionized the life sciences, there remains much work to be done to achieve the vision of toxicology based on a mechanistic foundation. A workshop was organized to explore one key aspect of this transformation the development of Pathways of Toxicity (PoT) as a key tool for hazard identification based on systems biology. Several issues were discussed in depth in the workshop: The first was the challenge of formally defining the concept of a PoT as distinct from, but complementary to, other toxicological pathway concepts such as mode of action (MoA). The workshop came up with a preliminary definition of PoT as "A molecular definition of cellular processes shown to mediate adverse outcomes of toxicants". It is further recognized that normal physiological pathways exist that maintain homeostasis and these, sufficiently perturbed, can become PoT. Second, the workshop sought to define the adequate public and commercial resources for PoT information, including data, visualization, analyses, tools, and use-cases, as well as the kinds of efforts that will be necessary to enable the creation of such a resource. Third, the workshop explored ways in which systems biology approaches could inform pathway annotation, and which resources are needed and available that can provide relevant PoT information to the diverse user communities. C1 [Kleensang, Andre; Maertens, Alexandra; Bouhifd, Mounir; Hogberg, Helena T.; Luechtefeld, Thomas; Smirnova, Lena; Zhao, Liang; Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, Baltimore, MD USA. [Rosenberg, Michael; McBride, Mary] Agilent Technol, Santa Clara, CA USA. [Fitzpatrick, Suzanne; Gaido, Kevin] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Lamb, Justin] Genometry Inc, Cambridge, MA USA. [Auerbach, Scott] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Brennan, Richard] Thomson Reuters Inc, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Crofton, Kevin M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gordon, Ben] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol & Cellular Biol, Washington, DC USA. [Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] Georgetown Univ, Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Gerhold, David] NIH, Natl Ctr Adv Translat Sci, Rockville, MD USA. [Haw, Robin] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Reactome, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Henney, Adrian] Heidelberg Univ, German Virtual Liver Network, Heidelberg, Germany. [Ma'ayan, Avi] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Pharmacol & Syst Therapeut, New York, NY USA. [Monti, Stefano] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Sect Computat Biomed, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Ochs, Michael F.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Inst Med Genet, Baltimore, MD USA. [Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Oncol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Sharan, Roded] Tel Aviv Univ, Blavatnik Sch Comp Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Stierum, Rob] TNO Hlth Living Microbiol & Syst Biol, Zeist, Netherlands. [Tugendreich, Stuart] Ingenu Syst Inc, Redwood City, CA USA. [Willett, Catherine] Humane Soc United States, Washington, DC USA. [Wittwehr, Clemens] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Syst Toxicol Unit, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Xia, Jianguo] Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Patton, Geoffrey W.; Arvidson, Kirk] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Food Addit Safety, College Pk, MD USA. [Adeleye, Yeyejide; Carmichael, Paul] Unilever, Safety & Environm Assurance Ctr, Sharnbrook, Beds, England. [Kanehisa, Minoru] Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Kyoto 606, Japan. [Andersen, Melvin E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, Constance, Germany. RP Hartung, T (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, 615 North Wolfe St,W7032, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM thartung@jhsph.edu RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015; Zhao, Liang/I-4777-2015; OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971; Zhao, Liang/0000-0002-2126-6778; Kleensang, Andre/0000-0002-4564-7399 FU Unilever; NIH transformative research project on "Mapping the Human Toxome by Systems Toxicology" [R01ES020750]; FDA grant "DNTox-21c Identification of pathways of developmental neurotoxicity for high throughput testing by metabolomics" [U01FD004230] FX This CAAT workshop on Pathways of Toxicity was made possible by support from Unilever and the extensive discussions and experiences of the NIH transformative research project on "Mapping the Human Toxome by Systems Toxicology" (R01ES020750) and FDA grant "DNTox-21c Identification of pathways of developmental neurotoxicity for high throughput testing by metabolomics" (U01FD004230). NR 58 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 1 BP 53 EP 61 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 304MF UT WOS:000330750300007 PM 24127042 ER PT J AU Juberg, DR Borghoff, SJ Becker, RA Casey, W Hartung, T Holsapple, MP Marty, MS Mihaich, EM Van der Kraak, G Wade, MG Willett, CE Andersen, ME Borgert, CJ Coady, KK Dourson, ML Fowle, JR Gray, LE Lamb, JC Ortego, LS Schug, TT Toole, CM Zorrilla, LM Kroner, OL Patterson, J Rinckel, LA Jones, BR AF Juberg, Daland R. Borghoff, Susan J. Becker, Richard A. Casey, Warren Hartung, Thomas Holsapple, Michael P. Marty, M. Sue Mihaich, Ellen M. Van der Kraak, Glen Wade, Michael G. Willett, Catherine E. Andersen, Melvin E. Borgert, Christopher J. Coady, Katherine K. Dourson, Michael L. Fowle, John R., III Gray, L. Earl Lamb, James C. Ortego, Lisa S. Schug, Thaddeus T. Toole, Colleen M. Zorrilla, Leah M. Kroner, Oliver L. Patterson, Jacqueline Rinckel, Lori A. Jones, Brett R. TI Lessons Learned, Challenges, and Opportunities: The US Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Article DE endocrine disruptors; Tier 1; screening; systematic review; Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program ID CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE; ASSAYS AB In 1996, the U.S. Congress passed the Food Quality Protection Act and amended the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) requiring the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to implement a screening program to investigate the potential of pesticide chemicals and drinking water contaminants to adversely affect endocrine pathways. Consequently, the EPA launched the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) to develop and validate estrogen, androgen, and thyroid (EAT) pathway screening assays and to produce standardized and harmonized test guidelines for regulatory application. In 2009, the EPA issued the first set of test orders for EDSP screening and a total of 50 pesticide actives and 2 inert ingredients have been evaluated using the battery of EDSP Tier 1 screening assays (i.e., five in vitro assays and six in vivo assays). To provide a framework for retrospective analysis of the data generated and to collect the insight of multiple stakeholders involved in the testing, more than 240 scientists from government, industry, academia, and non-profit organizations recently participated in a workshop titled "Lessons Learned, Challenges, Opportunities: The U.S. Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program." The workshop focused on the science and experience to date and was organized into three focal sessions: (a) Performance of the EDSP Tier 1 Screening Assays for Estrogen, Androgen, and Thyroid Pathways; (b) Practical Applications of Tier 1 Data; and (c) Indications and Opportunities for Future Endocrine Testing. A number of key findings and recommendations related to future EDSP evaluations emanated from the collective sessions. C1 [Juberg, Daland R.] Dow AgroSci LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Borghoff, Susan J.] ToxStrategies Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Becker, Richard A.] Amer Chem Council, Washington, DC USA. [Casey, Warren; Schug, Thaddeus T.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Univ Konstanz, Constance, Germany. [Holsapple, Michael P.] Batelle, Columbus, OH USA. [Marty, M. Sue; Coady, Katherine K.] Dow Chem Co USA, Saginaw, MI USA. [Mihaich, Ellen M.] ER2 & Endocrine Policy Forum, Durham, NC USA. [Van der Kraak, Glen] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Wade, Michael G.] Hlth Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. [Willett, Catherine E.] Humane Soc United States, Washington, DC USA. [Andersen, Melvin E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Borgert, Christopher J.] Appl Pharmacol & Toxicol Inc, Gainesville, FL USA. [Dourson, Michael L.; Kroner, Oliver L.; Patterson, Jacqueline] Toxicol Excellence Risk Assessment, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Fowle, John R., III] Sci Inform, Pittsboro, NC USA. [Gray, L. Earl] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lamb, James C.] Exponent, Alexandria, VA USA. [Ortego, Lisa S.] Bayer CropSci, Raleigh, NC USA. [Toole, Colleen M.] Ceetox, Kalamazoo, MI USA. [Zorrilla, Leah M.; Rinckel, Lori A.; Jones, Brett R.] Integrated Lab Syst Inc, Morrisville, NC USA. RP Juberg, DR (reprint author), Dow AgroSci LLC, 9330 Zionsville Rd, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. EM drjuberg@dow.com NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 6 U2 24 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 1 BP 63 EP 78 PG 16 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 304MF UT WOS:000330750300008 PM 24114257 ER PT J AU Bale, AS Kenyon, E Flynn, TJ Lipscomb, JC Mendrick, DL Hartung, T Patton, GW AF Bale, Ambuja S. Kenyon, Elaina Flynn, Thomas J. Lipscomb, John C. Mendrick, Donna L. Hartung, Thomas Patton, Geoffrey W. TI Correlating In Vitro Data to In Vivo Findings for Risk Assessment SO ALTEX-ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE risk assessment; in vitro-to-in vivo correlation; biomarkers; toxome ID HUMAN MICROSOMAL PROTEIN; METABOLIC-CLEARANCE; HEPATIC MICROSOMES; SCALING FACTORS; LIVER; MODELS; EXTRAPOLATION; FOOD; HEPATOTOXICITY; TOXICOLOGY AB A special session at the Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference in Cincinnati, OH, USA in May, 2012 presented approaches to expand current uses of in vitro toxicity data for risk assessment. Evaluation of xenobiotics through use of in vitro study methods is increasing exponentially and these methodologies offer a relatively fast and considerably cheaper way to determine toxicities in comparison to traditional animal-based approaches. One of the challenges with in vitro data is to effectively use this information for risk assessment purposes. Currently, in vitro studies are used as supportive information for hazard characterization and to identify mechanisms associated with toxicity. Being able to effectively correlate in vitro effects with in vivo observations represents a major challenge for risk assessors. The presentations in this special session provided innovative approaches toward effectively using in vitro data for the human health risk assessment process C1 [Bale, Ambuja S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kenyon, Elaina] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Flynn, Thomas J.] US FDA, Neurotoxicol & In Vitro Toxicol Branch, Div Toxicol, Off Appl Res & Safety Assessment,Ctr Food Safety, Laurel, MD USA. [Lipscomb, John C.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Mendrick, Donna L.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Syst Biol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, CAAT, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hartung, Thomas] Univ Konstanz, CAAT Europe, Constance, Germany. [Patton, Geoffrey W.] US FDA, Div Food Contact Notificat, Off Food Addit Safety, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. RP Bale, AS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM ambujabale@gmail.com NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPEKTRUM AKADEMISCHER VERLAG-SPRINGER-VERLAG GMBH PI HEILDEBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, HEILDEBERG, 69121, GERMANY SN 1868-596X EI 1868-8551 J9 ALTEX-ALTERN ANIM EX JI ALTEX-Altern. Anim. Exp. PY 2014 VL 31 IS 1 BP 79 EP 90 PG 12 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 304MF UT WOS:000330750300009 PM 24248035 ER PT J AU Datry, T Larned, ST Fritz, KM Bogan, MT Wood, PJ Meyer, EI Santos, AN AF Datry, T. Larned, S. T. Fritz, K. M. Bogan, M. T. Wood, P. J. Meyer, E. I. Santos, A. N. TI Broad-scale patterns of invertebrate richness and community composition in temporary rivers: effects of flow intermittence SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SPECIES RICHNESS; PERENNIAL STREAMS; HYPORHEIC ZONE; DIVERSITY; ASSEMBLAGES; GRADIENT; DROUGHT; RESILIENCE; RESISTANCE; RESPONSES AB Temporary rivers are increasingly common freshwater ecosystems, but there have been no global syntheses of their community patterns. In this study, we examined the responses of aquatic invertebrate communities to flow intermittence in 14 rivers from multiple biogeographic regions covering a wide range of flow intermittence and spatial arrangements of perennial and temporary reaches. Hydrological data were used to describe flow intermittence (FI, the proportion of the year without surface water) gradients. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the relationships between FI and community structure and composition. We also tested if communities at the most temporary sites were nested subsets of communities at the least temporary and perennial sites. Taxon richness decreased as FI increased and invertebrate communities became dominated by ubiquitous taxa. The number of resilient taxa (with high dispersal capacities) decreased with increased FI, whereas the number of resistant taxa (with adaptations to desiccation) was not related to FI. River-specific and river-averaged model comparisons indicated most FI-community relationships did not differ statistically among rivers. Community nestedness along FI gradients was detected in most rivers and there was little or no influence of the spatial arrangement of perennial and temporary reaches. These results indicate that FI is a primary driver of aquatic communities in temporary rivers, regardless of the biogeographic species pool. Community responses are largely due to resilience rather than resistance mechanisms. However, contrary to our expectations, resilience was not strongly influenced by spatial fragmentation patterns, suggesting that colonist sources other than adjacent perennial reaches were important. C1 [Datry, T.] Inst Natl Rech Sci & Technol Environm & Agr, CS 70077, Lyon, France. [Larned, S. T.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Fritz, K. M.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Bogan, M. T.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wood, P. J.] Univ Loughborough, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Meyer, E. I.] Univ Munster, DE-48149 Munster, Germany. [Santos, A. N.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Datry, T (reprint author), Inst Natl Rech Sci & Technol Environm & Agr, CS 70077, Lyon, France. EM thibault.datry@irstea.fr RI Wood, Paul /C-2627-2012 FU Water Agency RM&C, Temporary River Ecology Programme; New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation, Environmental Flows Programme [C01X0308]; United States Dept of Defense [RC-1724]; Environment Agency of England and Wales FX TD thanks R. Corti, G. Le Goff, R. Mons, M. Philippe and P. Roger for help in sample collection, J. Rigaut for invertebrate processing, J. Mouthon for mollusk determination and N. Lamouroux and A. Foulguier for statistical advices. Funding was provided by the Water Agency RM&C, Temporary River Ecology Programme. STL thanks D. Arscott, L. Drummond, P. McCaskill and A. Savery for help with sample collection and flow gauging, and P. Lambert for invertebrate processing and identification. Funding was provided by the New Zealand Ministry for Science and Innovation, Environmental Flows Programme (C01X0308). KMF thanks B. Johnson, L. Winters, E. Hammer for help in sample collection and B. Thoeny, C. Watson, and P. Weaver for invertebrate processing and identification. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. MTB thanks D. A. Lytle and K. S. Boersma for help in sample collection and K. L. Jaeger for providing flow intermittence data. Funding was provided by a United States Dept of Defense grant (RC-1724) to J. D. Olden and D. A. Lytle. PJW thanks M. D. Agnew and N. Wood for help with sample collection. Funding was provided during the 1996-1997 drought by the Environment Agency of England and Wales. EIM thanks S. Baltzer, M. Drees, K. Gravelaar, S. Knoche, J. Meinhardt, S. Riederer and M. Sehmisch-Bartel for sample collection and A. Meyer, C. Gocke, N. Kaschek, H. W. Riss and C. Todtmannul for help in invertebrate processing and identification. We thank J. Diettrich for hydrological analyses, D. B. Arscott and N. Lamouroux for stimulating discussions, and N. Lamouroux, V. Resh and B. Robson for comments and meticulous editing, which improved the final version of this paper. NR 49 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD JAN PY 2014 VL 37 IS 1 BP 94 EP 104 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00287.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 304JY UT WOS:000330744100010 ER PT J AU Olsen, Z Fulford, R Dillon, K Graham, W AF Olsen, Zachary Fulford, Richard Dillon, Kevin Graham, William TI Trophic role of gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus examined with carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Brevoortia patronus; Stable isotopes; Trophic position; Bayesian mixing model; Ecosystem role ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; ATLANTIC MENHADEN; OF-MEXICO; CHESAPEAKE BAY; TYRANNUS PISCES; FUNCTIONAL-MORPHOLOGY; ANCHOA-MITCHILLI; FOOD; ASSUMPTIONS; CLUPEIDAE AB The gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus is an important species of the coastal ecosystem and the target of the largest fishery by landings in the Gulf of Mexico. Menhaden species forage on a variety of plankton and detritus and, by grazing plankton stocks, may provide an important regulatory ecosystem service by reducing organic material loadings. This study used stable isotope analysis to examine the spatial, temporal, and ontogenetic dynamics of food selectivity and trophic role observed in gulf menhaden. The most important dietary item for juvenile (< 100 mm total length) fish was phytoplankton (74.0% dietary composition), while that of sub-adults (100-200 mm) and adults (> 200 mm) was zooplankton (61.6% for sub-adults and 52.4% for adults). Juvenile fish also utilized detritus when present in the water column, and their diet was more varied among individuals than sub-adult and adult age classes. Juveniles occupied a trophic level approximately one step lower (2.65 +/- 0.31; mean +/- SE) than sub-adults (3.50 +/- 0.21) and adults (3.39 +/- 0.19). Spatial dietary variation was related to known ontogenetic habitat shifts (i.e. onshore to offshore stratification of size classes), while temporal variation was minimal, especially in the larger size classes. Since the fishery largely targets age 1 + fish (sub-adults and adults), these results suggest that if overfishing occurs to the extent that it impacts recruitment, it may decrease the resiliency of the inshore Gulf of Mexico ecosystem to eutrophication by decreasing the abundance of juvenile fish seasonally present in this environment. C1 [Olsen, Zachary; Dillon, Kevin] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. [Fulford, Richard] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [Graham, William] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA. RP Olsen, Z (reprint author), Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Coastal Fisheries Div, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. EM zachary.olsen@tpwd.texas.gov NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 23 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PY 2014 VL 497 BP 215 EP 227 DI 10.3354/meps10519 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA 304CM UT WOS:000330723600016 ER PT J AU Daughton, CG AF Daughton, Christian G. TI The Matthew Effect and widely prescribed pharmaceuticals lacking environmental monitoring: Case study of an exposure-assessment vulnerability SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Matthew Effect; Absence of data; Pharmaceuticals; Environmental contaminants; Risk assessment ID QUALITY TRIGGER VALUES; ORGANIC MICROPOLLUTANTS; WASTE-WATER; CONTAMINANTS; RISK; METABOLITES; CONSUMPTION; FLUOXETINE; FOOTPRINT; CHEMICALS AB Assessing ambient exposure to chemical stressors often begins with time-consuming and costly monitoring studies to establish environmental occurrence. Both human and ecological toxicology are currently challenged by the unknowns surrounding low-dose exposure/effects, compounded by the reality that exposure undoubtedly involves mixtures of multiple stressors whose identities and levels can vary over time. Long absent from the assessment process, however, is whether the full scope of the identities of the stressors is sufficiently known. The Matthew Effect (a psychosocial phenomenon sometimes informally called the "bandwagon effect" or "iceberg effect," among others) may adversely bias or corrupt the exposure assessment process. The Matthew Effect is evidenced by decisions that base the selection of stressors to target in environmental monitoring surveys on whether they have been identified in prior studies, rather than considering the possibility that additional, but previously unreported, stressors might also play important roles in an exposure scenario. The possibility that the Matthew Effect might influence the scope of environmental stressor research is explored for the first time in a comprehensive case study that examines the preponderance of "absence of data" (in contrast to positive data and "data of absence") for the environmental occurrence of a very large class of potential chemical stressors associated with ubiquitous consumer use active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Comprehensive examination of the published data for an array of several hundred of the most frequently used drugs for whether their APIs are environmental contaminants provides a prototype example to catalyze discussion among the many disciplines involved with assessing risk. The findings could help guide the selection of those APIs that might merit targeting for environmental monitoring (based on the absence of data for environmental occurrence) as well as the prescribing of those medications that might have minimal environmental impact (based on data of absence for environmental occurrence). (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. RP Daughton, CG (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 944 East Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM daughton.christian@epa.gov OI Daughton, Christian/0000-0002-0302-7730 FU ORD's Pathfinder Innovation Program FX U.S. EPA Notice: The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This work was supported by ORD's Pathfinder Innovation Program, which was launched in October, 2010. The assistance of MST Scuderi (SEEP, U.S. EPA, Las Vegas) in maintenance of the EndNote bibliographic database is greatly appreciated. NR 58 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 7 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 466 BP 315 EP 325 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.111 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 300VH UT WOS:000330491600035 PM 23911922 ER PT J AU Li, SB Wallis, LK Ma, HB Diamond, SA AF Li, Shibin Wallis, Lindsay K. Ma, Hongbo Diamond, Stephen A. TI Phototoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles to a freshwater benthic amphipod: Are benthic systems at risk? SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Nano-TiO2; Hyalella azteca; Phototoxicity; Benthic organisms; Environmental factors; Negative phototaxis ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; QUANTUM DOTS; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MARINE ORGANISMS; DANIO-RERIO; TOXICITY; RADIATION; IRRADIATION AB This study investigated phototoxicity of TiO2 nanopartides (nano-TiO2) to a freshwater benthic amphipod (Hyalella azteca) using 48-h and 96-h bioassays. Thorough monitoring of particle interactions with exposure media (Lake Superior water, LSW) and the surface of organisms was performed using dynamic light scattering, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Large agglomeration and sedimentation (> 77%) in LSW was observed after 0.5 h. A simulated solar radiation (SSR)-favored surface attachment of nanoparticles was observed, indicating enhanced phototoxicity with the increased attachment. A 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) of 29.9 mg/L in H. azteca was calculated, with a daily 4-h UV exposure of 22 W/m(2). Phototoxicity of nano-TiO2 under SSR had a 21-fold increase as compared to that under ambient laboratory light. This phototoxicity was also dependent on UV dose, with calculated LC50s around 22.9 (95% CI, 20.5-23.3) Wh/m(2) when exposed to 20 mg/L nano-TiO2. Also, H. azteca exhibited negative phototaxis in the presence of shelters, indicating that other factors might play a role in environmental systems. Finally, the environmental implications of nano-TiO2 to benthic organisms were illustrated, emphasizing the importance of various environmental factors in the ultimate phototoxicity. This increased phototoxicity and its complex interactions with various environmental factors suggest further investigations are needed for future risk assessment of photoactive nanomaterials to benthic organisms. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Shibin; Wallis, Lindsay K.; Ma, Hongbo] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Diamond, Stephen A.] Nanosafe Inc, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Li, SB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM li.shibin@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division FX The present study was performed while one of the authors, S. Li, held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division. We also acknowledge Dr. Mark Betts for his help with the EDX mapping of nano-TiO2. This document has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 33 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 466 BP 800 EP 808 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.059 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 300VH UT WOS:000330491600085 PM 23973546 ER PT J AU Ivask, A ElBadawy, A Kaweeteerawat, C Boren, D Fischer, H Ji, ZX Chang, CH Liu, R Tolaymat, T Telesca, D Zink, JI Cohen, Y Holden, PA Godwin, HA AF Ivask, Angela ElBadawy, Amro Kaweeteerawat, Chitrada Boren, David Fischer, Heidi Ji, Zhaoxia Chang, Chong Hyun Liu, Rong Tolaymat, Thabet Telesca, Donatello Zink, Jeffrey I. Cohen, Yoram Holden, Patricia Ann Godwin, Hilary A. TI Toxicity Mechanisms in Escherichia coli Vary for Silver Nanoparticles and Differ from Ionic Silver SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE silver; nanoparticle; nanotoxicology; high-throughput screening; toxicology; bacteria; ecotoxicology ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; SURFACE-CHARGE; DISSOLUTION; GENERATION; COPPER; BIOAVAILABILITY; AGGREGATION; RESISTANCE AB Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are commonly added to various consumer products and materials to impair bacterial growth. Recent studies suggested that the primary mechanism of antibacterial action of silver nanoparticles is release of silver ion (Ag+) and that particle-specific activity of silver nanoparticles is negligible. Here, we used a genome-wide library of Escherichia coli consisting of similar to 4000 single gene deletion mutants to elucidate which physiological pathways are involved in how E. coli responds to different Ag NPs. The nanoparticles studied herein varied in both size and surface charge. AgNO3 was used as a control for soluble silver ions. Within a series of differently sized citrate-coated Ag NPs, smaller size resulted in higher Ag ion dissolution and toxicity. Nanoparticles functionalized with cationic, branched polyethylene imine (BPEI) exhibited equal toxicity with AgNO3. When we used a genome-wide approach to investigate the pathways involved in the response of E. coli to different toxicants, we found that only one of the particles (Ag-cit(10)) exhibited a pattern of response that was statistically similar to that of silver ion. By contrast, the pathways involved in E. coli response to Ag-BPEI particles were more similar to those observed for another cationic nanoparticle that did not contain Ag. Overall, we found that the pathways involved in bacterial responses to Ag nanoparticles are highly dependent on physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles, particularly the surface characteristics. These results have important implications for the regulation and testing of silver nanoparticles. C1 [Ivask, Angela; Kaweeteerawat, Chitrada; Boren, David; Fischer, Heidi; Ji, Zhaoxia; Chang, Chong Hyun; Liu, Rong; Telesca, Donatello; Zink, Jeffrey I.; Cohen, Yoram; Holden, Patricia Ann; Godwin, Hilary A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Univ Calif Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Kaweeteerawat, Chitrada; Ji, Zhaoxia; Chang, Chong Hyun; Liu, Rong; Zink, Jeffrey I.; Cohen, Yoram; Godwin, Hilary A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif NanoSyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ivask, Angela] NICPB, Lab Environm Toxicol, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. [ElBadawy, Amro] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Boren, David; Fischer, Heidi; Telesca, Donatello] Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Zink, Jeffrey I.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Cohen, Yoram] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biomed Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Holden, Patricia Ann] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Holden, Patricia Ann] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Earth Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Godwin, Hilary A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Godwin, Hilary A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Godwin, HA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Univ Calif Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM hgodwin@ucla.edu RI Ivask, Angela/G-5180-2011; Cohen, Yoram/M-8802-2014; Geracitano, Laura/E-6926-2013 OI Ivask, Angela/0000-0003-3451-7211; Cohen, Yoram/0000-0002-0756-4699; FU ESF program Mobilitas; Estonian Ministry of Science and Education [SF0690063s08]; EU; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology from the National Science Foundation [DBI-0830117]; University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology from the Environmental Protection Agency [DBI-0830117] FX This study was performed in the University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology except for the syntheses of the Ag-BPEI and Ag-PVP NPs, which were performed in the Dept. of Environmental Engineering at the University of Cincinnati. We wish to acknowledge the Nano and Pico Characterization lab of the California Nanosystems Institute, the Electron Microscope Services Center of Brain Research Institute, and the Molecular Shared Screening Resource at the University of California, Los Angeles. A.I. was supported by the ESF program Mobilitas; financial support from project SF0690063s08 of Estonian Ministry of Science and Education and EU project Nanovalid is acknowledged. This material is based upon work supported by the University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology in a grant from the National Science Foundation and the Environmental Protection Agency under Cooperative Agreement Number DBI-0830117. The paper has not been subjected to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's internal review, therefore, the opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the USEPA. NR 52 TC 73 Z9 76 U1 20 U2 194 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD JAN PY 2014 VL 8 IS 1 BP 374 EP 386 DI 10.1021/nn4044047 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 301OX UT WOS:000330542900037 PM 24341736 ER PT J AU Sikdar, SK AF Sikdar, Subhas K. TI An E-Conversation with Prof. Roland Clift SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sikdar, SK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sikdar.subhas@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD JAN PY 2014 VL 16 IS 1 BP 3 EP 6 DI 10.1007/s10098-013-0702-7 PG 4 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 298RF UT WOS:000330341300002 ER PT J AU Harding, LW Batiuk, RA Fisher, TR Gallegos, CL Malone, TC Miller, WD Mulholland, MR Paerl, HW Perry, ES Tango, P AF Harding, L. W., Jr. Batiuk, R. A. Fisher, T. R. Gallegos, C. L. Malone, T. C. Miller, W. D. Mulholland, M. R. Paerl, H. W. Perry, E. S. Tango, P. TI Scientific Bases for Numerical Chlorophyll Criteria in Chesapeake Bay SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Phytoplankton; Chlorophyll; Water quality criteria; Estuaries; Chesapeake Bay ID SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION; MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT; WATER-QUALITY; COCHLODINIUM-POLYKRIKOIDES; PHYTOPLANKTON PRODUCTION; COASTAL WATERS; RIVER FLOW; ESTUARIES; TRIBUTARIES; EUTROPHICATION AB In coastal ecosystems with long flushing times (weeks to months) relative to phytoplankton growth rates (hours to days), chlorophyll a (chl-a) integrates nutrient loading, making it a pivotal indicator with broad implications for ecosystem function and water-quality management. However, numerical chl-a criteria that capture the linkage between chl-a and ecosystem impairments associated with eutrophication (e.g., hypoxia, water clarity and loss of submerged aquatic vegetation, toxic algal blooms) have seldom been developed despite the vulnerability of these ecosystems to anthropogenic nutrient loading. Increases in fertilizer use, animal wastes, and population growth in the Chesapeake Bay watershed since World War II have led to increases in nutrient loading and chl-a. We describe the development of numerical chl-a criteria based on long-term research and monitoring of the bay. Baseline chl-a concentrations were derived using statistical models for historical data from the 1960s and 1970s, including terms to account for the effects of climate variability. This approach produced numerical chl-a criteria presented as geometric means and 90th percentile thresholds to be used as goals and compliance limits, respectively. We present scientific bases for these criteria that consider specific ecosystem impairments linked to increased chl-a, including low dissolved oxygen (DO), reduced water clarity, and toxic algal blooms. These multiple lines of evidence support numerical chl-a criteria consisting of seasonal mean chl-a across salinity zones ranging from 1.4 to 15 mg m(-3) as restoration goals and corresponding thresholds ranging from 4.3 to 45 mg m(-3) as compliance limits. Attainment of these goals and limits for chl-a is a precondition for attaining desired levels of DO, water clarity, and toxic phytoplankton prior to rapid human expansion in the watershed and associated increases of nutrient loading. C1 [Harding, L. W., Jr.; Fisher, T. R.; Malone, T. C.] Univ Maryland Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. [Harding, L. W., Jr.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Batiuk, R. A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA. [Gallegos, C. L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Miller, W. D.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mulholland, M. R.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Paerl, H. W.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Tango, P.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Harding, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM lharding@atmos.ucla.edu RI Mulholland, Margaret/E-8480-2011; OI Mulholland, Margaret/0000-0001-8819-189X; Gallegos, Charles/0000-0001-5112-0166; Miller, W. David/0000-0002-4940-5987 FU NSF Biological Oceanography Program; NOAA Chesapeake Bay Program Office; NASA Land-Use Land-Cover Change Program; NSF Ecosystems Science Programs; NSF Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology Program; Virginia Environmental Endowment; North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, ModMon and FerryMon Projects FX LWH was supported by the NSF Biological Oceanography Program and the NOAA Chesapeake Bay Program Office. TRF was supported by the NASA Land-Use Land-Cover Change Program and the NSF Ecosystems Science Programs. MRM was supported by the NSF Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology Program and the Virginia Environmental Endowment. HWP was supported by the NSF Biological Oceanography Program and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, ModMon and FerryMon Projects. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD JAN PY 2014 VL 37 IS 1 BP 134 EP 148 DI 10.1007/s12237-013-9656-6 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 302FP UT WOS:000330588000010 ER PT J AU Chojnacky, DC Heath, LS Jenkins, JC AF Chojnacky, David C. Heath, Linda S. Jenkins, Jennifer C. TI Updated generalized biomass equations for North American tree species SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID LOBLOLLY-PINE PLANTATIONS; ESTIMATING ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; GLANDULOSA VAR GLANDULOSA; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; WOOD SPECIFIC-GRAVITY; BELOW-GROUND BIOMASS; COARSE ROOT BIOMASS; LEAF-AREA; DOUGLAS-FIR; ALLOMETRIC EQUATIONS AB Historically, tree biomass at large scales has been estimated by applying dimensional analysis techniques and field measurements such as diameter at breast height (dbh) in allometric regression equations. Equations often have been developed using differing methods and applied only to certain species or isolated areas. We previously had compiled and combined (in meta-analysis) available diameter-based allometric regression equations for estimating total aboveground and component dry-weight biomass for US trees. This had resulted in a set of 10 consistent, national-scale aboveground biomass regression equations for US species, as well as equations for predicting biomass of tree components as proportions of total aboveground biomass. In this update of our published equation database and refinement of our model, we developed equations based on allometric scaling theory, using taxonomic groupings and wood specific gravity as surrogates for scaling parameters that we could not estimate. The new approach resulted in 35 theoretically based generalized equations (13 conifer, 18 hardwood, 4 woodland), compared with the previous empirically grouped 10. For trees from USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis Program (FIA) plots, with forest types grouped into conifers and hardwoods, previous and updated equations produced nearly identical estimates that predicted 20 per cent higher biomass than FIA estimates. Differences were observed between previous and updated equation estimates when comparisons were made using individual FIA forest types. C1 [Chojnacky, David C.] Virginia Tech, Adjunct Fac, Forest Biometr Forest Resources & Environm Conser, Falls Church, VA 22046 USA. [Heath, Linda S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Jenkins, Jennifer C.] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Climate Change Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Chojnacky, DC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Adjunct Fac, Forest Biometr Forest Resources & Environm Conser, 144 Rees Pl, Falls Church, VA 22046 USA. EM dchojnac@vt.edu FU US Joint Fire Science Program [07-3-1-05]; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station [07-3-1-05, 09-JV-1142305-128] FX This work was supported by the US Joint Fire Science Program (project no. 07-3-1-05); and the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station (Joint Venture #09-JV-1142305-128, project no. 07-3-1-05). NR 198 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 11 U2 82 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X EI 1464-3626 J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JAN PY 2014 VL 87 IS 1 SI SI BP 129 EP 151 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpt053 PG 23 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 300CR UT WOS:000330442500011 ER PT J AU Marks, WL Iiames, JS Lunetta, RS Khorram, S Mace, TH AF Marks, William L. Iiames, John S. Lunetta, Ross S. Khorram, Siamak Mace, Thomas H. TI Basal Area and Biomass Estimates of Loblolly Pine Stands Using L-band UAVSAR SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; POLARIMETRIC SAR DATA; FOREST BIOMASS; SLASH PINE; MULTIPOLARIZATION SAR; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; BACKSCATTER; SATURATION; MODEL AB Fully polarimetric L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (BAR) backscatter was collected using NASA's Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) SAR and regressed with in situ measurements of basal area (BA) and above ground biomass (AGB) of mature loblolly pine stands in North Carolina. Results found HH polarization consistently displayed the lowest correlations where Hv and vv exhibited the highest correlations in all groups for both BA and AGB. When plantation stands were analyzed separately (plantation versus natural), correlation improved significantly for both BA (R-2 = 0.65, Hy) and AGB (R-2 = 0.66, vv). Similarly, results improved when natural stands were analyzed separately resulting in the highest correlation for AGB (R-2 = 0.63, HV and vv). Data decomposition using the Freeman 3-component model indicated that the relative low correlations were due to the saturation of the L-band backscatter across the majority of the study area. C1 [Iiames, John S.; Lunetta, Ross S.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Marks, William L.; Khorram, Siamak] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mace, Thomas H.] NASA, Off Associate Director Operat, Dryden Flight Res Ctr, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA. RP Marks, WL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Box 7106, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM iiames.john@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their input into this work. Also, the authors would like to thank Dr. Elijah Ramsey for his feedback at various points along this process. The US Environmental Protection Agency funded and conducted the research described in this paper. It has been subject to the Agency's programmatic review and has been approved for publication. Mention of any trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 80 IS 1 BP 33 EP 42 PG 10 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 301ST UT WOS:000330553100006 ER PT J AU Summers, K McCullough, M Smith, E Gwinn, M Kremer, F Sjogren, M Geller, A Slimak, M AF Summers, Kevin McCullough, Melissa Smith, Elizabeth Gwinn, Maureen Kremer, Fran Sjogren, Mya Geller, Andrew Slimak, Michael TI The Sustainable and Healthy Communities Research Program: The Environmental Protection Agency's Research Approach to Assisting Community Decision-Making SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE sustainability; decision making; community; TRIO ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SERVICES; HYPOXIA AB A sustainable world is one in which human needs are met equitably and without sacrificing the ability of future generations to meet their needs on environmental, economic, and social fronts. The United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency's Sustainable and Healthy Communities Research Program aims to assist communities (large and small) to make decisions for their long term sustainability with respect to the three pillars of human well-being-environmental, economic and social-and are tempered in a way that ensures social equity, environmental justice and intergenerational equity. The primary tool being developed by the Sustainable and Healthy Communities (SHC) research program to enhance sustainable decision making is called TRIO (Total Resources Impacts and Outcomes). The conceptual development of this tool and the SHC program attributes are discussed. C1 [Summers, Kevin] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. [McCullough, Melissa; Smith, Elizabeth; Geller, Andrew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gwinn, Maureen; Sjogren, Mya; Slimak, Michael] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kremer, Fran] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Summers, K (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA. EM summers.kevin@epa.gov; mccullough.melissa@epa.gov; smith.betsy@epa.gov; gwinn.maureen@epa.gov; kremer.fran@epa.gov; sjogren.mya@epa.gov; geller.andrew@epa.gov; slimak.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this document has been funded wholly (or in part) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JAN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 1 BP 306 EP 318 DI 10.3390/su6010306 PG 13 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 298LJ UT WOS:000330325100018 ER PT J AU Wang, SX Xing, J Zhao, B Jang, C Hao, JM AF Wang, Shuxiao Xing, Jia Zhao, Bin Jang, Carey Hao, Jiming TI Effectiveness of national air pollution control policies on the air quality in metropolitan areas of China SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE air pollution control; sulfur dioxide; nitrogen oxides; power plant ID EMISSIONS; IMPACT; WATER; NOX AB Understanding the effectiveness of national air pollution controls is important for control policy design to improve the future air quality in China. This study evaluated the effectiveness of major national control policies implemented recently in China through a modeling analysis. The sulfur dioxide (SO2) control policy during the 11th Five Year Plan period (2006-2010) had succeeded in reducing the national SO2 emission in 2010 by 14% from its 2005 level, which correspondingly reduced ambient SO2 and sulfate (SO42-) concentrations by 13%-15% and 8%-10% respectively over east China. The nitrogen oxides (NOx) control policy during the 12th Five Year Plan period (2011-2015) targets the reduction of the national NOx emission in 2015 by 10% on the basis of 2010. The simulation results suggest that such a reduction in NOx emission will reduce the ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrate (NO3-), 1-hr maxima ozone (O-3) concentrations and total nitrogen deposition by 8%, 3%-14%, 2% and 2%-4%, respectively over east China. The application of new emission standards for power plants will further reduce the NO2, NO3-, 1-hr maxima O-3 concentrations and total nitrogen deposition by 2%-4%, 1%-6%, 0-2% and 1%-2%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the inter-provincial impacts of emission reduction in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the Yangtze River Delta, which indicated the need to implement joint regional air pollution control. C1 [Wang, Shuxiao; Zhao, Bin; Hao, Jiming] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Shuxiao] State Environm Protect Key Lab Sources & Control, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Xing, Jia; Jang, Carey] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hao, Jiming] Tsinghua Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Reg Environm Qual, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Wang, SX (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM shxwang@tsinghua.edu.cn RI xing, jia/O-1784-2014; wang, shuxiao/H-5990-2011 OI wang, shuxiao/0000-0001-9727-1963 FU Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the Natural Science Foundation of China [21221004]; Special Fund of the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control [12L05ESPC]; MEP's Special Funds for Research on Public Welfares [201309009, 2011467003]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-10-0532]; China Scholarship Council FX This work was supported by the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21221004), the Special Fund of the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (No. 12L05ESPC) and the MEP's Special Funds for Research on Public Welfares (No. 201309009, 2011467003). The corresponding author, Prof. Shuxiao Wang, is supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-10-0532) and the China Scholarship Council. The authors also acknowledge the free use of tropospheric NO2 column data from the DOMINO (Dutch OMI NO2) product by KNMI, and SO2 column data from SCIAMACHY product by BIRA-IASB/ESA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 8 U2 81 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1001-0742 EI 1878-7320 J9 J ENVIRON SCI-CHINA JI J. Environ. Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 26 IS 1 SI SI BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1016/S1001-0742(13)60381-2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 298OI UT WOS:000330333400003 PM 24649687 ER PT J AU Barnes, BB Hu, CM Cannizzaro, JP Craig, SE Hallock, P Jones, DL Lehrter, JC Melo, N Schaeffer, BA Zepp, R AF Barnes, Brian B. Hu, Chuanmin Cannizzaro, Jennifer P. Craig, Susanne E. Hallock, Pamela Jones, David L. Lehrter, John C. Melo, Nelson Schaeffer, Blake A. Zepp, Richard TI Estimation of diffuse attenuation of ultraviolet light in optically shallow Florida Keys waters from MODIS measurements SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Water clarity; Light penetration; Ultra-violet light; Remote sensing; Shallow water; Coral reef ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; OCEAN COLOR; COASTAL WATERS; ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; PHYTOPLANKTON PIGMENTS; SPECTRAL ABSORPTION; SOUTH FLORIDA; REEF WATERS; CORAL-REEFS; RADIATION AB Diffuse attenuation of solar light (K-d, m(-1)) determines the percentage of light penetrating the water column and available for benthic organisms. Therefore, K-d can be used as an index of water quality for coastal ecosystems that are dependent on photosynthesis, such as the coral reef environments of the Florida Reef Tract. Ultraviolet (UV) light reaching corals can lead to reductions in photosynthetic capacity as well as DNA damage. Unfortunately, field measurements of K-d(UV) lack sufficient spatial and temporal coverage to derive statistically meaningful patterns, and it has been notoriously difficult to derive K-d in optically shallow waters from remote sensing due to bottom contamination. Here we describe an approach to derive K-d(UV) in optically shallow waters of the Florida Keys using variations in the spectral shape of MODIS-derived surface reflectance. The approach used a principal component analysis and stepwise multiple regression to parsimoniously select modes of variance in MODIS-derived reflectance data that best explained variance in concurrent in situ K-d(UV) measurements. The resulting models for K-d(UV) retrievals in waters 1-30 m deep showed strong positive relationships between derived and measured parameters [e.g., for K-d(305) ranging from 0.28 to 3.27 m(-1); N = 29; R-2 = 0.94]. The predictive capabilities of these models were further tested, also showing acceptable performance [for K-d(305), R2 = 0.92; bias = -0.02 m(-1); URMS = 23%]. The same approach worked reasonably well in deriving the absorption coefficient of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in UV wavelengths [a(g)(UV), m(-1)], as K-d(UV) is dominated by ag(UV). Application of the approach to MODIS data showed different spatial and temporal K-d(305) patterns than the K-d(488) patterns derived from a recently validated semi-analytical approach, suggesting that different mechanisms are controlling K-d in the UV and in the visible. Given the importance of water clarity and light availability to shallow-water flora and fauna, the new K-d(UV) and ag(UV) data products provide unprecedented information for assessing and monitoring of coral reef health, and could further assist ongoing regional protection efforts. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved. C1 [Barnes, Brian B.; Hu, Chuanmin; Cannizzaro, Jennifer P.; Hallock, Pamela; Jones, David L.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Craig, Susanne E.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Lehrter, John C.; Schaeffer, Blake A.] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. [Melo, Nelson] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA. [Melo, Nelson] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Zepp, Richard] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Barnes, BB (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM bbarnes4@mail.usf.edu RI Melo, Nelson/A-5983-2011 OI Melo, Nelson/0000-0001-7563-5420 FU U.S. NASA; NOAA-NURC [2004-19B]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Ecology Division [X7-96465607-0]; NOAA's AOML FX This work was funded by the U.S. NASA through its Gulf of Mexico program, Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry program, Decision Support program, and Water and Energy Cycle program. The authors wish to thank NOAA National Geophysical Data Center (Wessel & Smith, 1996) for providing coastline shapefiles, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's Fish and Wildlife Research Institute for providing benthic habitat maps, USGS for providing bathymetry data, and NASA/GSFC Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG) for providing MODIS data and SeaDAS software, as well as two anonymous reviewers whose comments helped to greatly enhance this manuscript Collection of in situ data was funded, in part, by NOAA-NURC subcontract No. 2004-19B and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Ecology Division Grant No. X7-96465607-0. Several coauthors work for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, but the views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent the views or policies of EPA. Mention of trade names, products, or services does not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying, official EPA approval, endorsement or recommendation. Support for N. Melo was provided by NOAA's AOML. NR 88 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 140 BP 519 EP 532 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.09.024 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 290NS UT WOS:000329766200042 ER PT J AU Tettenhorst, DR Shoemaker, JA AF Tettenhorst, Daniel R. Shoemaker, Jody A. TI Development and multi-laboratory verification of US EPA method 540 for the analysis of drinking water contaminants by solid phase extraction-LC/MS/MS SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article AB A drinking water method for 12 chemicals, predominantly pesticides, is presented that addresses the occurrence monitoring needs of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for a future Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR). The method employs solid phase extraction liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC/MS/MS). The method uses Trizma, 2-chloroacetamide, and L-ascorbic acid to buffer and preserve the drinking water samples to a maximum of 28 days. Chlorpyrifos oxon is restricted to a holding time of 7 days based on experimental data. Mean recoveries from chlorinated ground water samples fortified (n = 4) with the method analytes at 12.8-32 ng L-1 are 72.0-109% with <6.5% relative standard deviation. Single laboratory lowest concentration minimum reporting levels of 0.30-2.7 ng L-1 are demonstrated with this methodology. Multi-laboratory data are presented that demonstrate method ruggedness and transferability for the method analytes. EPA Method 540 meets all of the UCMR survey requirements for sample collection and storage, precision, accuracy, and sensitivity and may be proposed for use under a future UCMR. C1 [Tettenhorst, Daniel R.; Shoemaker, Jody A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Tettenhorst, DR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, MS 587,26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM tettenhorst.dan@epa.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 EI 1759-9679 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PY 2014 VL 6 IS 3 BP 930 EP 939 DI 10.1039/c3ay41242c PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA 294IJ UT WOS:000330038500038 ER PT J AU Baklanov, A Schlunzen, K Suppan, P Baldasano, J Brunner, D Aksoyoglu, S Carmichael, G Douros, J Flemming, J Forkel, R Galmarini, S Gauss, M Grell, G Hirtl, M Joffre, S Jorba, O Kaas, E Kaasik, M Kallos, G Kong, X Korsholm, U Kurganskiy, A Kushta, J Lohmann, U Mahura, A Manders-Groot, A Maurizi, A Moussiopoulos, N Rao, ST Savage, N Seigneur, C Sokhi, RS Solazzo, E Solomos, S Sorensen, B Tsegas, G Vignati, E Vogel, B Zhang, Y AF Baklanov, A. Schluenzen, K. Suppan, P. Baldasano, J. Brunner, D. Aksoyoglu, S. Carmichael, G. Douros, J. Flemming, J. Forkel, R. Galmarini, S. Gauss, M. Grell, G. Hirtl, M. Joffre, S. Jorba, O. Kaas, E. Kaasik, M. Kallos, G. Kong, X. Korsholm, U. Kurganskiy, A. Kushta, J. Lohmann, U. Mahura, A. Manders-Groot, A. Maurizi, A. Moussiopoulos, N. Rao, S. T. Savage, N. Seigneur, C. Sokhi, R. S. Solazzo, E. Solomos, S. Sorensen, B. Tsegas, G. Vignati, E. Vogel, B. Zhang, Y. TI Online coupled regional meteorology chemistry models in Europe: current status and prospects SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AIR-QUALITY MODELS; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL; CLOUD DROPLET FORMATION; ACID DEPOSITION MODEL; GAS-PHASE CHEMISTRY; INORGANIC MULTICOMPONENT AEROSOLS; PROGNOSTIC PHYSICOCHEMICAL MODEL AB Online coupled mesoscale meteorology atmospheric chemistry models have undergone a rapid evolution in recent years. Although mainly developed by the air quality modelling community, these models are also of interest for numerical weather prediction and regional climate modelling as they can consider not only the effects of meteorology on air quality, but also the potentially important effects of atmospheric composition on weather. Two ways of online coupling can be distinguished: online integrated and online access coupling. Online integrated models simulate meteorology and chemistry over the same grid in one model using one main time step for integration. Online access models use independent meteorology and chemistry modules that might even have different grids, but exchange meteorology and chemistry data on a regular and frequent basis. This article offers a comprehensive review of the current research status of online coupled meteorology and atmospheric chemistry modelling within Europe. Eighteen regional online coupled models developed or being used in Europe are described and compared. Topics discussed include a survey of processes relevant to the interactions between atmospheric physics, dynamics and composition; a brief overview of existing online mesoscale models and European model developments; an analysis on how feedback processes are treated in these models; numerical issues associated with coupled models; and several case studies and model performance evaluation methods. Finally, this article highlights selected scientific issues and emerging challenges that require proper consideration to improve the reliability and usability of these models for the three scientific communities: air quality, numerical meteorology modelling (including weather prediction) and climate modelling. This review will be of particular interest to model developers and users in all three fields as it presents a synthesis of scientific progress and provides recommendations for future research directions and priorities in the development, application and evaluation of online coupled models. C1 [Baklanov, A.; Korsholm, U.; Mahura, A.] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Schluenzen, K.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany. [Suppan, P.; Forkel, R.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. [Baldasano, J.; Jorba, O.] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, Barcelona, Spain. [Brunner, D.] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Empa, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Aksoyoglu, S.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Carmichael, G.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Douros, J.; Moussiopoulos, N.; Tsegas, G.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Flemming, J.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Galmarini, S.; Solazzo, E.; Vignati, E.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Gauss, M.] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Bergen, Norway. [Grell, G.] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA. [Hirtl, M.] Cent Inst Meteorol & Geodynam, Vienna, Austria. [Joffre, S.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Kaas, E.; Sorensen, B.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kaasik, M.] Univ Tartu, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia. [Kallos, G.; Kushta, J.; Solomos, S.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Kong, X.; Sokhi, R. S.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Atmospher & Instrumentat Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Kurganskiy, A.] Russian State Hydrometeorol Univ, St Petersburg, Russia. [Lohmann, U.] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. [Manders-Groot, A.] TNO, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Maurizi, A.] Italian Natl Res Council, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Bologna, Italy. [Rao, S. T.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Savage, N.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England. [Seigneur, C.] Univ Paris Est, Joint Lab Ecole Ponts ParisTech EDF R&D, CEREA, Marne La Vallee, France. [Vogel, B.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany. [Zhang, Y.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Baklanov, A (reprint author), Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. EM alb@dmi.dk; heinke.schluenzen@uni-hamburg.de RI maurizi, alberto/D-5031-2017; Aksoyoglu, Sebnem/C-7730-2009; Solomos, Stavros/C-4889-2014; Vogel, Bernhard/A-9558-2013; Brunner, Dominik/A-1255-2009; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Kaas, Eigil/M-2590-2014; Suppan, Peter/A-7178-2013; grell, georg/B-6234-2015; Kaasik, Marko/G-6203-2016; Lohmann, Ulrike/B-6153-2009; Forkel, Renate/A-8743-2013 OI Savage, Nicholas/0000-0001-9391-5100; Jorba, Oriol/0000-0001-5872-0244; solazzo, efisio/0000-0002-6333-1101; maurizi, alberto/0000-0003-4563-9636; Aksoyoglu, Sebnem/0000-0002-5356-5633; Solomos, Stavros/0000-0001-9125-3334; Brunner, Dominik/0000-0002-4007-6902; Kaas, Eigil/0000-0001-6970-2404; grell, georg/0000-0001-5214-8742; Kaasik, Marko/0000-0002-2082-4272; Lohmann, Ulrike/0000-0001-8885-3785; Forkel, Renate/0000-0001-6452-344X FU COST Action [ES1004]; EC FP7 TRANSPHORM; PEGASOS; Nordic EnsCLIM; RF SOL at RSHU [1.G34.31.0078, 14.B37.21.0880]; US NSF EaSM program at NCSU [AGS-1049200]; German Science Foundation [SCHL-499-4]; Spanish projects "Supercomputacion y eCiencia" [CSD2007-0050, CGL2010-19652]; Estonian grant [ETAG 7895, SF0180038s08]; NASA's Air Quality Science Team (AQAST) programme FX This work was realised within and supported by the COST Action ES1004 EuMetChem. Several authors of this article are grateful for the support received from the following projects: EC FP7 TRANSPHORM and PEGASOS, Nordic EnsCLIM, the RF SOL No 11.G34.31.0078 and No 14.B37.21.0880 at RSHU, the US NSF EaSM program (AGS-1049200) at NCSU, the German Science Foundation grant No SCHL-499-4, the Spanish projects "Supercomputacion y eCiencia" (CSD2007-0050) and CGL2010-19652, Estonian grants ETAG 7895 and SF0180038s08, and the NASA's Air Quality Science Team (AQAST) programme. NR 599 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 9 U2 86 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2014 VL 14 IS 1 BP 317 EP 398 DI 10.5194/acp-14-317-2014 PG 82 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 292VL UT WOS:000329930600022 ER PT J AU Eder, B Bash, J Foley, K Pleim, J AF Eder, Brian Bash, Jesse Foley, Kristen Pleim, Jon TI Incorporating principal component analysis into air quality model evaluation SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality model; Model evaluation; CMAQ; Principal component analysis; Sulfate and ammonium concentrations ID PERFORMANCE EVALUATION; OZONE SIMULATIONS; CMAQ; CHEMISTRY; SULFATE; PROJECT AB The efficacy of standard air quality model evaluation techniques is becoming compromised as the simulation periods continue to lengthen in response to ever increasing computing capacity. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a statistical approach called Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with the intent of motivating its use by the evaluation community. One of the main objectives of PCA is to identify, through data reduction, the recurring and independent modes of variations (or signals) within a very large dataset, thereby summarizing the essential information of that dataset so that meaningful and descriptive conclusions can be made. In this demonstration, PCA is applied to a simple evaluation metric - the model bias associated with EPA's Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model when compared to weekly observations of sulfate (SO42-) and ammonium (NH4+) ambient air concentrations measured by the Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet). The advantages of using this technique are demonstrated as it identifies strong and systematic patterns of CMAQ model bias across a myriad of spatial and temporal scales that are neither constrained to geopolitical boundaries nor monthly/seasonal time periods (a limitation of many current studies). The technique also identifies locations (station-grid cell pairs) that are used as indicators for a more thorough diagnostic evaluation thereby hastening and facilitating understanding of the probable mechanisms responsible for the unique behavior among bias regimes. A sampling of results indicates that biases are still prevalent in both SO42- and NH4+ simulations that can be attributed to either: 1) cloud processes in the meteorological model utilized by CMAQ, which are found to overestimated convective clouds and precipitation, while underestimating larger-scale resolved clouds that are less likely to precipitate, and 2) biases associated with Midwest NH3 emissions which may be partially ameliorated using the bi-directional NH3 exchange option in CMAQ. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Eder, Brian; Bash, Jesse; Foley, Kristen; Pleim, Jon] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Eder, B (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM eder.brian@epa.gov RI Bash, Jesse/E-9688-2013; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082; Bash, Jesse/0000-0001-8736-0102 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 19 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 82 BP 307 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.10.015 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 292EY UT WOS:000329886200032 ER PT J AU Huang, JJ Soukup, JM Ghio, AJ Huang, YCT AF Huang, Jennifer J. Soukup, Joleen M. Ghio, Andrew J. Huang, Yuh-Chin T. TI Host and environmental factors affect pulmonary responses measured in bronchoalveolar lavage SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bronchoalveolar lavage; bronchoscopy; leptin; ozone; particulate matter ID BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; LEPTIN CONCENTRATIONS; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; PLASMA LEPTIN; OBESE MICE; ADIPONECTIN; OZONE; EXPOSURE; CYTOKINES; WEIGHT AB Context: Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is used to measure pulmonary effects in inhalational exposure studies. Objectives: To determine how host and background environmental factors may affect pulmonary responses in BAL. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 77 healthy non-smoking volunteers (38 males and 39 females, age 18-35) who participated in a bronchoscopy study to donate cells for in vitro studies. BAL was performed by lavaging one subsegment of both the lingular segment of the left upper lobe and the right middle lobe with 250 ml of sterile normal saline each. We obtained temperature, relative humidity, ambient O-3, PM2.5 and PM10 levels from monitor stations in Durham area in North Carolina. We correlated concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-8, ferritin and total lavaged cells in BAL samples with body mass index (BMI), age, ambient O-3, PM2.5, PM10, temperature and relative humidity. Results: Increased BMI was associated with higher lavage leptin. Males had higher MCP-1 and total lavaged cells than females. Average PM2.5, PM10 and O-3 concentrations before bronchoscopy were 13.7 mu g/m(3), 21.2 mu g/m(3) and 0.029 ppm, respectively. Using stepwise multiple linear regression, we found positive associations of MCP-1 with BMI, and of total lavaged cells with humidity and O-3. There were inverse associations of IL-8 and total lavaged cells with temperature. Discussion and conclusions: Background environmental and host factors may affect some pulmonary responses to ambient pollutants. Interpretation of pulmonary effects in inhalational exposure studies may need to consider the effects of some host and environmental factors. C1 [Huang, Jennifer J.; Soukup, Joleen M.; Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Human Studies Div, Natl Hlth Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Huang, Yuh-Chin T.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27705 USA. RP Huang, YCT (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, 330 Trent Dr,Hanes House,Rm 105-B, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM huang002@mc.duke.edu NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0895-8378 EI 1091-7691 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 26 IS 1 BP 30 EP 35 DI 10.3109/08958378.2013.851304 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 291NJ UT WOS:000329835100004 PM 24417405 ER PT J AU Copeland, A Lytle, DA AF Copeland, Ari Lytle, Darren A. TI Measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of important oxidants in drinking water SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions can affect drinking water treatment and distribution in significant ways. Measurements of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in water reflect the tendency of major constituents in the water to accept or lose electrons. Although ORP measurements are valuable and can provide useful information toward protecting public health, they are not widely undertaken by the drinking water community for a variety of reasons. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of five oxidants commonly used in drinking water treatment as well as the effect of pH on measured ORP. Results showed that the ORP of each oxidant system increased with increasing oxidant concentration to a maximum. The ORP also decreased with increasing pH. Water treated with chlorine and chlorine dioxide had the greatest ORP followed by water containing monochloramine and permanganate and water containing only oxygen. Duplicate ORP. measurements revealed some inconsistencies with redox electrode measurements. C1 [Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lytle, DA (reprint author), US EPA, 26 Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lytle.darren@epa.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 106 IS 1 BP 65 EP 66 DI 10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0002 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 290NI UT WOS:000329764700019 ER PT J AU Kahandal, SS Kale, SR Gawande, MB Zboril, R Varma, RS Jayaram, RV AF Kahandal, Sandeep S. Kale, Sandip R. Gawande, Manoj B. Zboril, Radek Varma, Rajender S. Jayaram, Radha V. TI Greener iodination of arenes using sulphated ceria-zirconia catalysts in polyethylene glycol SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; SILVER SULFATE; AROMATIC IODINATION; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; HECK REACTION; DOPING ZRO2; IODINE; ACID; NANOCATALYST; REAGENT AB An environmentally benign method for the selective monoiodination of diverse aromatic compounds has been developed using reusable sulphated ceria-zirconia under mild conditions. The protocol provides moderate to good yields and selectively introduces iodine at the para/ortho position in monosubstituted arenes. SO42-/Ce0.07Zr0.93O2 was found to be the best choice for the synthesis of aryl iodides in high yield, presumably due to the maximum number of acid sites (4.23 mmol g(-1)) among the various compositions of the catalyst system. C1 [Kahandal, Sandeep S.; Kale, Sandip R.; Jayaram, Radha V.] Inst Chem Technol Autonomous, Dept Chem, Bombay 400019, Maharashtra, India. [Gawande, Manoj B.; Zboril, Radek] Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys Chem, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Jayaram, RV (reprint author), Inst Chem Technol Autonomous, Dept Chem, N Parekh Marg, Bombay 400019, Maharashtra, India. EM mbgawande@yahoo.co.in; Varma.Rajender@epamail.epa.gov; rv.jayaram@ictmumbai.edu.in RI Zboril, Radek/F-5153-2015; OI Zboril, Radek/0000-0002-3147-2196 FU Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations; European Regional Development Fund [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0058]; CSIR, Government of India FX This work was supported by the Operational Program Research and Development for Innovations; European Regional Development Fund (CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0058). SSK and SRK are thankful to CSIR, Government of India for financial assistance. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 22 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2014 VL 4 IS 12 BP 6267 EP 6274 DI 10.1039/c3ra46537c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 291XL UT WOS:000329865800058 ER PT J AU Baig, RBN Varma, RS AF Baig, R. B. Nasir Varma, Rajender S. TI Magnetic silica supported copper: a modular approach to aqueous Ullmann-type amination of aryl halides SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID CROSS-COUPLING REACTIONS; CATALYTIC C-C; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; MICROWAVE; ARYLATION; LIGANDS AB One-pot synthesis of a magnetic silica supported copper catalyst has been described via in situ generated magnetic silica (Fe3O4@SiO2); the catalyst can be used for the efficacious amination of aryl halides in aqueous medium under microwave irradiation. C1 [Baig, R. B. Nasir; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov FU Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory FX R. B. Nasir Baig was supported by the Postgraduate Research Program at the National Risk Management Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the U. S. Department of Energy and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. We thank Dr M. Nadagouda for recording XRD data and valuable suggestions. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 23 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2014 VL 4 IS 13 BP 6568 EP 6572 DI 10.1039/c3ra45606d PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 292VP UT WOS:000329931000032 ER PT J AU Shafer, DJ Kaldy, JE AF Shafer, Deborah J. Kaldy, James E. TI Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics of the seagrass congeners Zostera marina L. and Zostera japonica Ascher. & Graeb. SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Zostera japonica; Zostera marina; Light; Photosynthesis; Carbon balance; Introduced species ID TEMPORAL PATTERNS; RESPONSE CURVES; NORTH-AMERICA; GROWTH; BAY; USA; TEMPERATURE; WASHINGTON; IRRADIANCE; SEEDLINGS AB On the Pacific coast of North America two seagrass species in the genus Zostera co-exist; the native species Zostera marina, and an introduced species, Zostera japonica. These two species typically occupy separate tidal elevations, with Z. marina occupying the lower intertidal and shallow subtidal zones, and Z. japonica occupying the mid- to upper intertidal zone. This study was designed to compare the photosynthetic characteristics of Z. japonica and Z. marina after exposure to high and low light. Nursery pots containing Z. japonica and Z. marina were grown intermixed in replicate mesocosm tanks at two different light levels (50 and 150 mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1)). We measured photosynthetic parameters for Z. japonica and Z. marina leaf segments and whole plants (WP). Z. japonica leaf segment photosynthetic efficiency (alpha) was greater than that of Z. marina and based on the high photosynthetic rate, alpha and saturating irradiance, we suggest that Z. japonica is high light adapted. Whole plant (WP) photosynthetic rates were similar 123 +/- 11 vs. 155 +/- 21 mu mol O-2 gDW(-1) h(-1) for Z. marina and Z. japonica respectively. However, the WP respiration rate of Z. japonica was 2 fold greater than Z. marina. Consequently, Z. marina would be expected to acquire and store more carbon than Z. japonica. We suggest that light limitation does not explain the observed disjunct vertical distribution of these two species and that other factors (e.g. rhizome growth, branching frequency and seed germination, etc.) likely play a large role in controlling Z. japonica colonization. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shafer, Deborah J.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Kaldy, James E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Kaldy, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM kaldy.jim@epa.gov NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 EI 1879-1522 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 112 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2013.09.002 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 287KJ UT WOS:000329540400012 ER PT J AU Bunnell, DB Barbiero, RP Ludsin, SA Madenjian, CP Warren, GJ Dolan, DM Brenden, TO Briland, R Gorman, OT He, JX Johengen, TH Lantry, BF Lesht, BM Nalepa, TF Riley, SC Riseng, CM Treska, TJ Tsehaye, I Walsh, MG Warner, DM Weidel, BC AF Bunnell, David B. Barbiero, Richard P. Ludsin, Stuart A. Madenjian, Charles P. Warren, Glenn J. Dolan, David M. Brenden, Travis O. Briland, Ruth Gorman, Owen T. He, Ji X. Johengen, Thomas H. Lantry, Brian F. Lesht, Barry M. Nalepa, Thomas F. Riley, Stephen C. Riseng, Catherine M. Treska, Ted J. Tsehaye, Iyob Walsh, Maureen G. Warner, David M. Weidel, Brian C. TI Changing Ecosystem Dynamics in the Laurentian Great Lakes: Bottom-Up and Top-Down Regulation SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE invasive species; wasp-waist ecosystems; multiple stressors; regime shift; trophic cascade ID CHINOOK SALMON; FOOD-WEB; TROPHIC CASCADES; FISH COMMUNITY; MICHIGAN; HURON; ALEWIVES; ONTARIO; TROUT; ERIE AB Understanding the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up regulation of ecosystem structure is a fundamental ecological question, with implications for fisheries and water-quality management. For the Laurentian Great Lakes, where, since the early 1970s, nutrient inputs have been reduced, whereas top-predator biomass has increased, we describe trends across multiple trophic levels and explore their underlying drivers. Our analyses revealed increasing water clarity and declines in phytoplankton, native invertebrates, and prey fish since 1998 in at least three of the five lakes. Evidence for bottom-up regulation was strongest in Lake Huron, although each lake provided support in at least one pair of trophic levels. Evidence for top-down regulation was rare. Although nonindigenous dreissenid mussels probably have large impacts on nutrient cycling and phytoplankton, their effects on higher trophic levels remain uncertain. We highlight gaps for which monitoring and knowledge should improve the understanding of food-web dynamics and facilitate the implementation of ecosystem-based management. C1 [Bunnell, David B.; Madenjian, Charles P.; Gorman, Owen T.; Lantry, Brian F.; Riley, Stephen C.; Walsh, Maureen G.; Warner, David M.; Weidel, Brian C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Gorman, Owen T.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ashland, WI USA. [Lantry, Brian F.; Walsh, Maureen G.; Weidel, Brian C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Oswego, NY USA. [Barbiero, Richard P.] CSC, Chicago, IL USA. [Warren, Glenn J.] US EPA, Great Lakes Program Off, Chicago, IL USA. [Ludsin, Stuart A.; Briland, Ruth] Ohio State Univ, Aquat Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dolan, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, Green Bay, WI 54302 USA. [Brenden, Travis O.; Tsehaye, Iyob] Michigan State Univ, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [He, Ji X.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Alpena, MI USA. [Johengen, Thomas H.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lesht, Barry M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL USA. [Nalepa, Thomas F.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Riseng, Catherine M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Treska, Ted J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Green Bay, WI USA. RP Bunnell, DB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. EM dbunnell@usgs.gov OI Lesht, Barry/0000-0003-0801-4290; Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747 FU US Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lakes Restoration Initiative FX We dedicate this work to Dave Dolan for his pioneering work in estimating nutrient inputs to the Great Lakes, which allowed scientists and managers to better understand the links between watersheds and large lakes and to gain a more holistic view of these ecosystems. We thank the many agencies (and individuals) that contributed data or improved our understanding of specific lakes, including the Great Lakes Fishery Commission (Mike Siefkes), the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR; Randy Claramunt, Jim Johnson, Jory Jonas), the Minnesota DNR (Don Schreiner), the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Don Einhouse, Jana Lantry), the Ohio DNR (John Deller, Eric Weimer), the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (Jim Bowlby, Ted Schaner, Larry Witzel), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (Steve Lozano), and the US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center (Don Schloesser). We thank David Bennion for developing figure 1. We thank Jim Kitchell, Jana Lantry, Mike Siefkes, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments to earlier versions. This research was supported by a grant to the US Geological Survey (Template no. 74) from the US Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. This article is Contribution 1769 of the US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. NR 69 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 19 U2 177 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JAN PY 2014 VL 64 IS 1 BP 26 EP 39 DI 10.1093/biosci/bit001 PG 14 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 288BS UT WOS:000329587600006 ER PT J AU Connors, K Du, BW Fitzsimmons, P Chambliss, K Nichols, J Brooks, B AF Connors, Kristin Du, Bowen Fitzsimmons, Patrick Chambliss, Kevin Nichols, John Brooks, Bryan TI EXPLORING COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETICS FOR SCREENING-LEVEL BIOACCUMULATION ASSESSMENT: IN VITRO PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTRANSFORMATION WITH FATHEAD MINNOW (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS) AND RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 10th International Meeting of the International-Society-for-the-Study-of-Xenobiotics (ISSX) CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2013 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Int Soc Study Xenobiot C1 [Connors, Kristin; Du, Bowen; Chambliss, Kevin; Brooks, Bryan] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Fitzsimmons, Patrick; Nichols, John] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0360-2532 EI 1097-9883 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 45 SU 1 BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 286DO UT WOS:000329445700188 ER PT J AU Gotoh, S Negishi, M AF Gotoh, Saki Negishi, Masahiko TI PXR IS A LIGAND-ACTIVATED SIGNAL SCAFFOLD THAT FACILITATES PP2C DEPHOSPHORYLATING SGK2 TO REGULATE HEPATIC GLUCONEOGENESIS SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 10th International Meeting of the International-Society-for-the-Study-of-Xenobiotics (ISSX) CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2013 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Int Soc Study Xenobiot C1 [Gotoh, Saki; Negishi, Masahiko] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0360-2532 EI 1097-9883 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 45 SU 1 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 286DO UT WOS:000329445700292 ER PT J AU Kostich, MS Batt, AL Lazorchak, JM AF Kostich, Mitchell S. Batt, Angela L. Lazorchak, James M. TI Concentrations of prioritized pharmaceuticals in effluents from 50 large wastewater treatment plants in the US and implications for risk estimation SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Pharmaceuticals; Risk; Wastewater; Aquatic; Drinking water ID FISH BLOOD-PLASMA; SURFACE-WATER; PHARMACOLOGY; ENVIRONMENT; DICLOFENAC AB We measured concentrations of 56 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in effluent samples from 50 large wastewater treatment plants across the US. Hydrochlorothiazide was found in every sample. Metoprolol, atenolol, and carbamazepine were found in over 90% of the samples. Valsartan had the highest concentration (5300 ng/L), and also had the highest average concentration (1600 ng/L) across all 50 samples. Estimates of potential risks to healthy human adults were greatest for six anti-hypertensive APIs (lisinopril, hydrochlorothiazide, valsartan, atenolol, enalaprilat, and metoprolol), but nevertheless suggest risks of exposure to individual APIs as well as their mixtures are generally very low. Estimates of potential risks to aquatic life were also low for most APIs, but suggest more detailed study of potential ecological impacts from four analytes (sertraline, propranolol, desmethylsertraline, and valsartan). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kostich, Mitchell S.; Batt, Angela L.; Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Kostich, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM ztk108@gmail.com; batt.angela@epa.gov; lazorchak.jim@epa.gov RI PRAZERES, KELLY/O-7715-2015; OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 NR 22 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 8 U2 88 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 184 SI SI BP 354 EP 359 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.013 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 285TZ UT WOS:000329419200043 PM 24095705 ER PT J AU Liu, XY Chen, GX Erwin, JG Su, CM AF Liu, Xuyang Chen, Gexin Erwin, Justin G. Su, Chunming TI Silicon impurity release and surface transformation of TiO2 anatase and rutile nanoparticles in water environments SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE TiO2 nanoparticles; Impurity release; Transformation; Silicon; Incongruent dissolution ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; AMORPHOUS SILICA; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ZNO NANOPARTICLES; IONIC-STRENGTH; POROUS-MEDIA; SIZE; NANOMATERIALS; AGGREGATION AB Surface transformation can affect the stability, reactivity, and toxicity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in water environments. Herein, we investigated the release kinetics of Si impurity frequently introduced during NP synthesis and the resulting effect on TiO2 NP transformation in aqueous solutions. The release of Si increased from 2 h to 19 d at three pHs with the order: pH 11.2 >= pH 2.4 > pH 8.2. The Si release process followed parabolic kinetics which is similar to diffusion controlled dissolution of minerals, and the release magnitude followed the order: 10 x 40 nm rutile > 50 nm anatase > 30 x 40 nm rutile. FTIR data indicated preferential dissolving of less polymerized Si species on NP surface. Surface potential and particle size of TiO2 NPs remained almost constant during the 42-day monitoring, implying the unaffected stability and transport of these NPs by the incongruent dissolution of impurities. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Xuyang; Chen, Gexin] CNR, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Erwin, Justin G.] E Cent Univ, Coll Hlth & Sci, Dept Chem, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Su, Chunming] US EPA, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), CNR, 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM liux@seas.wustl.edu; su.chunming@epa.gov FU National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) FX This study was funded by the National Nanotechnology Initiative through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). It has not been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. We acknowledge Ms. Theresa Marie Reeves for her laboratory assistance through the McNair Scholars Internship Program at Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Center and East Central University. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their help in improving the quality of this work. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 184 SI SI BP 570 EP 578 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.011 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 285TZ UT WOS:000329419200072 PM 24184379 ER PT J AU Merrington, G An, YJ Grist, EPM Jeong, SW Rattikansukha, C Roe, S Schneider, U Sthiannopkao, S Suter, GW Van Dam, R Van Sprang, P Wang, JY Warne, MS Yillia, PT Zhang, XW Leung, KMY AF Merrington, Graham An, Youn-Joo Grist, Eric P. M. Jeong, Seung-Woo Rattikansukha, Chuthamat Roe, Susan Schneider, Uwe Sthiannopkao, Suthipong Suter, Glenn W., II Van Dam, Rick Van Sprang, Patrick Wang, Ju-Ying Warne, Michael St. J. Yillia, Paul T. Zhang, Xiao-Wei Leung, Kenneth M. Y. TI Water quality guidelines for chemicals: learning lessons to deliver meaningful environmental metrics SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Water quality guidelines; International collaboration; Harmonisation; Water quality management; Environmental quality standards ID SPECIES SENSITIVITY DISTRIBUTIONS; ECOTOXICOLOGY; METALS; CRITERIA; CHINA AB Many jurisdictions around the globe have well-developed regulatory frameworks for the derivation and implementation of water quality guidelines (WQGs) or their equivalent (e.g. environmental quality standards, criteria, objectives or limits). However, a great many more still do not have such frameworks and are looking to introduce practical methods to manage chemical exposures in aquatic ecosystems. There is a potential opportunity for learning and sharing of data and information between experts from different jurisdictions in order to deliver efficient and effective methods to manage potential aquatic risks, including the considerable reduction in the need for aquatic toxicity testing and the rapid identification of common challenges. This paper reports the outputs of an international workshop with representatives from 14 countries held in Hong Kong in December 2011. The aim of the workshop and this paper was to identify 'good practice' in the development of WQGs to deliver to a range of environmental management goals. However, it is important to broaden this consideration to cover often overlooked facets of implementable WQGs, such as demonstrable field validation (i.e. does the WQG protect what it is supposed to?), fit for purpose of monitoring frameworks (often an on-going cost) and finally how are these monitoring data used to support management decisions in a manner that is transparent and understandable to stakeholders. It is clear that regulators and the regulated community have numerous pressures and constraints on their resources. Therefore, the final section of this paper addresses potential areas of collaboration and harmonisation. Such approaches could deliver a consistent foundation from which to assess potential chemical aquatic risks, including, for example, the adoption of bioavailability-based approaches for metals, whilst reducing administrative and technical burdens in jurisdictions. C1 [Merrington, Graham; Grist, Eric P. M.] WCA Environm Ltd, Faringdon SN7 7YR, Oxon, England. [An, Youn-Joo] Konkuk Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Seoul 143701, South Korea. [Jeong, Seung-Woo] Kunsan Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Kunsan 573701, South Korea. [Rattikansukha, Chuthamat] Minist Nat Resource & Environm, Pollut Control Dept, Bangkok, Thailand. [Roe, Susan] Environm Canada, Natl Guidelines & Stand Off, Gatineau, PQ, Canada. [Sthiannopkao, Suthipong] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Suter, Glenn W., II] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Van Dam, Rick] Environm Res Inst Supervising Scientist, Darwin, NT, Australia. [Van Sprang, Patrick] ARCHE, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Wang, Ju-Ying] State Ocean Adm, Natl Marine Environm Monitoring Ctr, Dalian 116023, Peoples R China. [Warne, Michael St. J.] Dept Sci Informat Technol Innovat & Arts, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Yillia, Paul T.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Water Qual, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Zhang, Xiao-Wei] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Leung, Kenneth M. Y.] Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Leung, Kenneth M. Y.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Merrington, G (reprint author), WCA Environm Ltd, Brunel House,Volunteer Way, Faringdon SN7 7YR, Oxon, England. EM graham.merrington@wca-environment.com; kmyleung@hku.hk OI Warne, Michael/0000-0003-1804-7889; Zhang, Xiaowei/0000-0001-8974-9963 FU Environment and Conservation Fund of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (ECF Project) [5/2011]; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution (based at City University of Hong Kong); School of Biological Sciences of the University of Hong Kong (HKU) FX This work and the EQSPAE-2011 Conference are largely supported by Environment and Conservation Fund of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (ECF Project 5/2011 to KMY Leung), and partially supported by the State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution (based at City University of Hong Kong), and School of Biological Sciences of the University of Hong Kong (HKU). The authors specially thank the following workshop participants, who had joined the discussion and shared their valuable views on the scientific derivation and application of WQGs, included Put Ang, Tae-Seob Choi, Kevin K. Y. Ho, Ryan H. L. Ip, Edward T. C. Lau, Hai-Yan Li, Myung-Sook Jung, Jing-Li Mu, Sunny Sun, Greta Tam, Thiyagarajan Vengatesen, Zhen Wang, Feng-Chang Wu, Elvis G. B. Xu, Jie Xu, Andy X. L. Yi and Jian-Gang Zhu. The authors are also thankful to the staff of HKU, in particular, Helen Leung and Janet Chan for their great assistance for making the conference and workshop a great success. Apart from the first and the last authors, the order of authorships follows an alphabetical order. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 37 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 21 IS 1 BP 6 EP 16 DI 10.1007/s11356-013-1732-8 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 281IV UT WOS:000329095300002 PM 23619928 ER PT B AU Sasser, EN Miller, CA AF Sasser, Erika N. Miller, C. Andrew BE Pinkerton, KE Rom, WN TI Public Health and Climate Programs at the US Environmental Protection Agency SO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND PUBLIC HEALTH SE Respiratory Medicine Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE EPA climate programs; Health and climate change; Global consequences for the United States; Greenhouse gas emissions; Emissions reporting requirements; Combined air quality and climate impact ID AIR-QUALITY; HUMAN MORTALITY; IMPACTS; OZONE; EMISSIONS; SCENARIOS AB This chapter explores several key aspects of EPA's climate change program related to public health: (1) the Agency's findings regarding the risks posed by greenhouse gases; (2) the federal regulations developed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; (3) EPA's efforts on short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon, methane, and ozone; and (4) the EPA's intramural and extramural research programs related to climate and public health. C1 [Sasser, Erika N.] US EPA, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Miller, C. Andrew] US EPA, Air Climate & Energy Res Program, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Sasser, EN (reprint author), US EPA, Hlth & Environm Impacts Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM sasser.erika@epa.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-4614-8417-2; 978-1-4614-8416-5 J9 RESPIR MED SER PY 2014 VL 7 BP 361 EP 382 DI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8417-2_21 D2 10.1007/978-1-4614-8417-2 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System GA BJJ05 UT WOS:000328380700022 ER PT J AU Chen, XS Brooks, MC Wood, AL AF Chen, Xiaosong Brooks, Michael C. Wood, A. Lynn TI The uncertainty of mass discharge measurements using pumping methods under simplified conditions SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mass flux; Mass discharge; Uncertainty; Pumping test ID STRONG CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; SOURCE-ZONE CHARACTERIZATION; NATURAL ATTENUATION RATE; GASOLINE SPILL SITE; GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION; INTRINSIC BIODEGRADATION; CONCENTRATION RESPONSE; WELL PAIRS; PLUME; BTEX AB Mass discharge measurements at contaminated sites have been used to assist with site management decisions, and can be divided into two broad categories: point-scale measurement techniques and pumping methods. Pumping methods can be sub-divided based on the pumping procedures used into sequential, concurrent, and tandem circulating well categories. Recent work has investigated the uncertainty of point measurement methods, and to a lesser extent, pumping methods. However, the focus of this study was a direct comparison of uncertainty between the various pumping method approaches that have been used, as well as a comparison of uncertainty between pumping and point measurement methods. Mass discharge measurement error was investigated using a Monte Carlo modeling analysis as a function of the contaminant plume position and width, and as a function of the pumping conditions used in the different pumping tests. Results indicated that for the conditions investigated, uncertainty in mass discharge estimates based on pumping methods was 1.3 to 16 times less than point measurement method uncertainty, and that a sequential pumping approach resulted in 5 to 12 times less uncertainty than the concurrent pumping or tandem circulating well approaches. Uncertainty was also investigated as a function of the plume width relative to well spacing. For a given well spacing, uncertainty decreased for all methods as the plume width increased, and comparable levels of uncertainty between point measurement and pumping methods were obtained when three wells were distributed across the plume. A hybrid pumping technique in which alternate wells were pumped concurrently in two separate campaigns yielded similar uncertainty to the sequential pumping approach. This suggests that the hybrid approach can be used to capitalize on the advantages of sequential pumping yet minimize the overall test duration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chen, Xiaosong] US EPA, Natl Res Council Post Doctoral Associate, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Brooks, Michael C.; Wood, A. Lynn] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Brooks, MC (reprint author), 919 Kerr Res Dr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM brooks.michael@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) FX The work upon which this paper is based was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development with funding provided by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), a collaborative effort involving the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). It has not been subjected to Agency review and, therefore, does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. Review comments from Dr. Jim Barker and two anonymous reviewers were used to improve the manuscript, and we are grateful to them for their reviews. We also thank Pat Bush (Senior Environmental Employee Program, an EPA grantee) for her assistance with the technical editing. NR 59 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 EI 1873-6009 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 156 BP 16 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.09.006 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 287JB UT WOS:000329537000002 PM 24240102 ER PT J AU Calfee, MW Rose, LJ Tufts, J Morse, S Clayton, M Touati, A Griffin-Gatchalian, N Slone, C McSweeney, N AF Calfee, M. Worth Rose, Laura J. Tufts, Jenia Morse, Stephen Clayton, Matt Touati, Abderrahmane Griffin-Gatchalian, Nicole Slone, Christina McSweeney, Neal TI Evaluation of sampling methods for Bacillus spore-contaminated HVAC filters SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE HVAC sampling; Anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; biological agent; bioterror ID NONPOROUS SURFACES; VENTILATION DUCTS; FLUIDIZED SPORES; COLLECTION; DEPOSITION; RELEASE; DECONTAMINATION; BIOTERRORISM; INFILTRATION; BUILDINGS AB The objective of this study was to compare an extraction-based sampling method to two vacuum-based sampling methods (vacuum sock and 37 mm cassette filter) with regards to their ability to recover Bacillus atrophaeus spores (surrogate for Bacillus anthracis) from pleated heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters that are typically found in commercial and residential buildings. Electrostatic and mechanical HVAC filters were tested, both without and after loading with dust to 50% of their total holding capacity. The results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA across material types, presence or absence of dust, and sampling device. The extraction method gave higher relative recoveries than the two vacuum methods evaluated (p <= 0.001). On average, recoveries obtained by the vacuum methods were about 30% of those achieved by the extraction method. Relative recoveries between the two vacuum methods were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Although extraction methods yielded higher recoveries than vacuum methods, either HVAC filter sampling approach may provide a rapid and inexpensive mechanism for understanding the extent of contamination following a wide-area biological release incident. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Calfee, M. Worth; Tufts, Jenia] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rose, Laura J.; Morse, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tufts, Jenia] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Clayton, Matt; Touati, Abderrahmane; Griffin-Gatchalian, Nicole; McSweeney, Neal] ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Slone, Christina] Kultech Inc, Cary, NC USA. RP Calfee, MW (reprint author), US EPA, MD E343-06,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM calfee.worth@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development [EP-C-09-027]; CDC [RW-75-92345701]; U.S. EPA [RW-75-92345701]; ARCADIS, Inc. FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, directed the research described herein under EP-C-09-027 with ARCADIS, Inc. This study was funded through an interagency agreement between the CDC and the U.S. EPA (RW-75-92345701). This manuscript has been subject to an administrative review but the findings and conclusions in this article are of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA or CDC. No official endorsement should be inferred. The U.S. EPA and CDC do not endorse the purchase or sale of any commercial products or services. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JAN PY 2014 VL 96 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.10.012 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 290PO UT WOS:000329771000001 PM 24184312 ER PT J AU Gilbert, SE Rose, LJ Howard, M Bradley, MD Shah, S Silvestri, E Schaefer, FW Noble-Wang, J AF Gilbert, Sarah E. Rose, Laura J. Howard, Michele Bradley, Meranda D. Shah, Sanjiv Silvestri, Erin Schaefer, Frank W., III Noble-Wang, Judith TI Evaluation of swabs and transport media for the recovery of Yersinia pestis SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; Transport media; Swab; Recovery ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS SPORES; PROCESSING METHOD; SURFACE; PERSISTENCE; SURVIVAL; WATER AB The Government Accountability Office report investigating the surface sampling methods used during the 2001 mail contamination with Bacillus anthracis brought to light certain knowledge gaps that existed regarding environmental sampling with biothreat agents. Should a contamination event occur that involves non-spore forming biological select agents, such as Yersinia pestis, surface sample collection and processing protocols specific for these organisms will be needed. Two Y. pestis strains (virulent and avirulent), four swab types (polyester, macrofoam, rayon, and cotton), two pre-moistening solutions, six transport media, three temperatures, two levels of organic load, and four processing methods (vortexing, sonicating, combined sonicating and vortexing, no agitation) were evaluated to determine the conditions that would yield the highest percent of cultivable Y. pestis cells after storage. The optimum pre-moistening agent/transport media combination varied with the Y. pestis strain and swab type. Directly inoculated macrofoam swabs released the highest percent of cells into solution (93.9% recovered by culture) and rayon swabs were considered the second best swab option (77.0% recovered by culture). Storage at 4 degrees C was found to be optimum for all storage times and transport media. In a worst case scenario, where the Y. pestis strain is not known and sample processing and analyses could not occur until 72 h after sampling, macrofoam swabs pre-moistened with PBS supplemented with 0.05% Triton X-100 (PBSTX), stored at 4 degrees C in neutralizing buffer (NB) as a transport medium (PBSTX/NB) or pre-moistened with NB and stored in PBSTX as a transport medium (NB/PBSTX), then vortexed 3 min in the transport medium, performed significantly better than all other conditions for macrofoam swabs, regardless of strain tested (mean 12 72 h recovery of 85.9-105.1%, p < 0.001). In the same scenario, two combinations of pre-moistening medium/transport medium were found to be optimal for rayon swabs stored at 4 degrees C (p < 0.001), then sonicated 3 min in the transport medium; PBSTX/PBSTX and NB/PBSTX (mean 12-72 h recovery of 83.7-110.1%). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gilbert, Sarah E.] North Adams Reg Hosp, North Adams, MA USA. [Rose, Laura J.; Howard, Michele; Bradley, Meranda D.; Noble-Wang, Judith] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shah, Sanjiv; Silvestri, Erin; Schaefer, Frank W., III] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Rose, LJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-C16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM lrose@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JAN PY 2014 VL 96 BP 35 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.10.017 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 290PO UT WOS:000329771000007 PM 24184311 ER PT J AU McLamore, ES Garland, JL Mackowiak, C Desaunay, A Garland, N Chaturvedi, P Taguchi, M Dreaden, K Catechis, J Ullman, JL AF McLamore, E. S. Garland, J. L. Mackowiak, C. Desaunay, A. Garland, N. Chaturvedi, P. Taguchi, M. Dreaden, K. Catechis, John Ullman, J. L. TI Development and validation of an open source O-2-sensitive gel for physiological profiling of soil microbial communities SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Physiological profiling; Oxygen quenched dye; Substrate induced respiration; Assay ID MICROTITER PLATE; SUBSTRATE; OPTRODES; LIFETIME AB Community level physiological profiling is a simple, high-throughput technique for assessing microbial community physiology. Initial methods relying on redox-dye based detection of respiration were subject to strong enrichment bias, but subsequent development of a microtiter assay using an oxygen-quenched dye reduced this bias and improved the versatility of the approach. Commercial production of the oxygen microplates recently stopped, which led to the present effort to develop and validate a system using a luminophore dye (platinum tetrakis pentafluorophenyl) immobilized at the bottom of wells within a 96 well microtiter plate. The technique was used to analyze three well-characterized Florida soils: oak saw palmetto scrub, coastal mixed hardwood, and soil from an agricultural field used to grow corn silage. Substrate induced respiration was monitored by measuring respiration rates in soils under basal conditions and comparing to soils supplemented with nitrogen and various carbon sources (mannose, casein, asparagine, coumaric acid). All data was compared to a previously available commercial assay. There were no significant differences in the maximum peak intensity or the time to peak response for all soils tested (p < 0.001, alpha = 0.05). The experimental assay plates can be reused on soils up to four times (based on a deviation of less than 5%), where the commercial assay should not be reused. The results indicate that the new oxygen-based bioassay is a cost effective, open source tool for functional profiling of microbial communities. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved. C1 [McLamore, E. S.; Desaunay, A.; Garland, N.; Chaturvedi, P.; Taguchi, M.; Dreaden, K.; Ullman, J. L.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Garland, J. L.] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Mackowiak, C.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL USA. [Catechis, John] Kennedy Space Ctr, Space Life Sci Lab, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. RP McLamore, ES (reprint author), 1741 Museum Rd,Rogers Hall Bldg 474, Gainesville, FL 32616 USA. EM emclamor@ufl.edu; garland.jay@epamail.epa.gov; echo13@ufl.edu; aureliendesaunay@ufl.edu; ngarland929@ufl.edu; pchaturvedi@ufl.edu; mtaguchi@whitney.ufl.edu; kmj08@ufl.edu; john.a.catechis@nasa.gov; jullman@ufl.edu FU Florida Agriculture Experimental Station; UF Excellence Award; IFAS Early Career Award (CRIS) [005062] FX The authors would like to thank the Florida Agriculture Experimental Station (M.D. Dukes), the UF Excellence Award, and the IFAS Early Career Award (CRIS No. 005062) for funding. The authors also thank David Julian for the assistance with plate reader analysis. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JAN PY 2014 VL 96 BP 62 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.10.016 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 290PO UT WOS:000329771000011 PM 24211532 ER PT J AU Rusyn, I Chiu, WHA Lash, LH Kromhout, H Hansen, J Guyton, KZ AF Rusyn, Ivan Chiu, Weihsueh A. Lash, Lawrence H. Kromhout, Hans Hansen, Johnni Guyton, Kathryn Z. TI Trichloroethylene: Mechanistic, epidemiologic and other supporting evidence of carcinogenic hazard SO PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review DE Trichloroethylene; Cancer; Mechanisms; Metabolism; Kidney; Human ID RENAL-CELL CANCER; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING WORKERS; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS; CONJUGATE BETA-LYASE; EXTENDED-FOLLOW-UP; HALOGENATED ACETIC-ACIDS; PROXIMAL TUBULAR CELLS; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS AB chlorinated solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. The carcinogenic hazard of TCE was the subject of a 2012 evaluation by a Working Group of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Information on exposures, relevant data from epidemiologic studies, bioassays in experimental animals, and toxicity and mechanism of action studies was used to conclude that TCE is carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). This article summarizes the key evidence forming the scientific bases for the IARC classification. Exposure to ICE from environmental sources (including hazardous waste sites and contaminated water) is common throughout the world. While workplace use of TCE has been declining, occupational exposures remain of concern, especially in developing countries. The strongest human evidence is from studies of occupational TCE exposure and kidney cancer. Positive, although less consistent, associations were reported for liver cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. TCE is carcinogenic at multiple sites in multiple species and strains of experimental animals. The mechanistic evidence includes extensive data on the toxicokinetics and genotoxicity of TCE and its metabolites. Together, available evidence provided a cohesive database supporting the human cancer hazard of TCE, particularly in the kidney. For other target sites of carcinogenicity, mechanistic and other data were found to be more limited. Important sources of susceptibility to TCE toxicity and carcinogenicity were also reviewed by the Working Group. In all, consideration of the multiple evidence streams presented herein informed the IARC conclusions regarding the carcinogenicity of TCE. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Rusyn, Ivan] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Chiu, Weihsueh A.; Guyton, Kathryn Z.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Lash, Lawrence H.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI USA. [Kromhout, Hans] Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hansen, Johnni] Danish Canc Soc, Res Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Rusyn, I (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, 0031 MHRC, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM iir@unc.edu RI Rusyn, Ivan/S-2426-2016 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES005948] NR 243 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0163-7258 J9 PHARMACOL THERAPEUT JI Pharmacol. Ther. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 141 IS 1 BP 55 EP 68 DI 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.08.004 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 290PY UT WOS:000329772000006 PM 23973663 ER PT J AU Matthews, JC Selvakumar, A Sterling, RL Condit, W AF Matthews, John C. Selvakumar, Ariamalar Sterling, Raymond L. Condit, Wendy TI Innovative rehabilitation technology demonstration and evaluation program SO TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Innovative technology; Pipe rehabilitation; Trenchless technology; Field demonstration ID WATER MAINS; RENOVATION; LININGS AB As water and wastewater water utility owners seek innovative rehabilitation technologies to extend the service life of their assets there is a need to provide accurate performance and cost information on innovative technologies as they come to market. To meet this need, the US Environmental Protection Agency created a field demonstration program to evaluate innovative and emerging technologies to increase the effectiveness of the operation, maintenance, and renewal of aging drinking water distribution and wastewater conveyance systems. This program has resulted in the development of a technology demonstration and evaluation process that evaluates each aspect of pre-installation, installation and post-installation activities in order to provide information that is beneficial to water and wastewater water utility owners, technology manufacturers, and consultants and service providers. To date, two technologies indentified as innovative water rehabilitation techniques have been demonstrated. It is recommended that additional innovative and novel technologies be demonstrated under a similar program in the future to determine their applicability, while providing accurate performance and cost information to water and wastewater utility owners. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Matthews, John C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Baton Rouge, LA 70817 USA. [Selvakumar, Ariamalar] US EPA, NRMRL, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. [Sterling, Raymond L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Trenchless Technol Ctr, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Condit, Wendy] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Matthews, JC (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, Baton Rouge, LA 70817 USA. EM matthewsj@battelle.org; selvakumar.ariama-lar@epa.gov; sterling@latech.edu; conditw@battel-le.org OI Sterling, Raymond/0000-0003-0587-9459 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0886-7798 J9 TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH JI Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 39 SI SI BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.tust.2012.02.003 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 283SY UT WOS:000329268500010 ER PT J AU Allouche, E Alam, S Simicevic, J Sterling, R Condit, W Matthews, J Selvakumar, A AF Allouche, E. Alam, S. Simicevic, J. Sterling, R. Condit, W. Matthews, J. Selvakumar, A. TI A pilot study for retrospective evaluation of cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) rehabilitation of municipal gravity sewers SO TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CIPP; Rehabilitation; Sewer; Testing; Evaluation; Deterioration; QA/QC; Assessment ID LINED PIPELINES AB Pipe rehabilitation and trenchless pipe replacement technologies have seen a steadily increasing use over the past 30-40 years. Despite the massive public investment in the rehabilitation of the US water and wastewater infrastructure, there has been little formal and quantitative evaluation of whether rehabilitation technologies are performing as expected and whether rehabilitation is indeed cost-effective compared to replacement. This paper describes the results of a pilot project for the retrospective evaluation of cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) liners. The pilot testing used CIPP samples from both large and small diameter sewers in two cities: Denver, CO and Columbus, OH. Testing on the liners included: thickness, annular gap, ovality, density, specific gravity, porosity, flexural strength, flexural modulus, tensile strength, tensile modulus, surface hardness, glass transition temperature, and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, environmental data was gathered as appropriate to each retrieval process including: external soil conditions and pH, and internal waste stream pH. Summaries of the test results and a discussion of their implications for CIPP performance are provided in this paper. All of the samples retrieved from the four locations involved in the pilot study testing were in excellent condition after being in use for 25 years, 23 years, 21 years and 5 years, respectively. Overall, it is concluded that there is no reason to anticipate that the liners evaluated in this pilot study will not last for their intended lifetime of 50 years and perhaps well beyond. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Allouche, E.; Alam, S.; Simicevic, J.; Sterling, R.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Trenchless Technol Ctr, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Condit, W.; Matthews, J.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Selvakumar, A.] US EPA, Urban Watershed Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Edison, NJ 08837 USA. RP Sterling, R (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Trenchless Technol Ctr, POB 10348, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. EM sterling@Latech.edu OI Sterling, Raymond/0000-0003-0587-9459 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0886-7798 J9 TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH JI Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 39 SI SI BP 82 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.tust.2012.02.002 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 283SY UT WOS:000329268500011 ER PT J AU Sorg, TJ Chen, ASC Wang, LL AF Sorg, Thomas J. Chen, Abraham S. C. Wang, Lili TI Arsenic species in drinking water wells in the USA with high arsenic concentrations SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; Speciation: well water; Drinking water ID IN-GROUND WATER; UNITED-STATES; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; NATURAL-WATERS; ION-EXCHANGE; SPECIATION; PRESERVATION; AQUIFER; SEPARATION; SAMPLES AB Arsenic exists in ground water as oxyanions having two oxidation states, As(III) and As(V), and its concentrations vary widely and regionally across the United States (USA). Because of the difference in toxicity and removability of As(III) and As(V), arsenic speciation is important in the selection and design of an arsenic treatment systems. Identifying the arsenic species is also helpful in explaining and understanding the behavior and characteristics of arsenic in the environment. Although laboratory methods exist for speciating arsenic in water samples, the lack of a universal preservation method has led to the predominant use of field separation methods that are somewhat complex and costly. Thus, very few studies have incorporated arsenic speciation. A U.S. Environmental protection Agency (EPA) arsenic treatment research program provided a unique opportunity to speciate the naturally occurring arsenic in 65 well waters scattered across the USA with many of them being speciated monthly for up to three years. Speciation test data showed that 31 wells had predominantly As(V), 29 had predominantly As(III) and five had a mixture of both. A general pattern was found where As(III) was the dominant species in midwest ground waters where anoxic conditions and elevated iron concentrations prevailed and the well waters in the east, west and farwest had either As(III) or As(V) as the dominant species. The monthly (12-36) speciation tests results at many of these sites also found no major changes in arsenic species over time. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sorg, Thomas J.; Wang, Lili] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chen, Abraham S. C.] ALSA Tech, North Bethesda, MD 20852 USA. RP Sorg, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sorg.thomas@epa.gov NR 69 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 11 U2 74 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 48 BP 156 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.016 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 287OW UT WOS:000329553100015 PM 24094730 ER PT J AU Jassby, D Xiao, Y Schuler, AJ AF Jassby, D. Xiao, Y. Schuler, A. J. TI Biomass density and filament length synergistically affect activated sludge settling: Systematic quantification and modeling SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Activated sludge; Biomass density; Filaments; Settling; Image analysis; Sludge volume index ID WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; TREATMENT-PLANT; BULKING; SETTLEABILITY; IDENTIFICATION; FLOC; DESIGN; PROBES; MEDIA AB Settling of the biomass produced during biological treatment of wastewater is a critical and often problematic process. Filamentous bacteria content is the best-known factor affecting biomass settleability in activated sludge wastewater treatment systems, and varying biomass density has recently been shown to play an important role as well. The objective of this study was to systematically determine how filament content and biomass density combine to affect microbial biomass settling, with a focus on density variations over the range found in full-scale systems. A laboratory-scale bioreactor system was operated to produce biomass with a range of filamentous bacterium contents. Biomass density was systematically varied in samples from this system by addition of synthetic microspheres to allow separation of filament content and density effects on settleability. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization indicated that the culture was dominated by Sphaerotilus natans, a common contributor to poor settling in full-scale systems. A simple, image-based metric of filament content (filament length per floc area) was linearly correlated with the more commonly used filament length per dry biomass measurement. A non-linear, semi-empirical model of settleability as a function of filament content and density was developed and evaluated, providing a better understanding of how these two parameters combine to affect settleability. Filament content (length per dry biomass weight) was nearly linearly related to sludge volume index (SVI) values, with a slightly decreasing differential, and biomass density exhibited an asymptotic relationship with SVI. The filament content associated with bulking was shown to be a function of biomass density. The marginal effect of filament content on settleability increased with decreasing biomass density (low density biomass was more sensitive to changes in filament content than was high density biomass), indicating a synergistic relationship between these factors. Consideration of both biomass density and filament content, as by the methods and model described herein, should improve operation and troubleshooting of settling processes for biological solids. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jassby, D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Xiao, Y.] US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Schuler, A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Schuler, AJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Civil Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM schuler@unm.edu FU National Science Foundation [0843777] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, grant # 0843777. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 42 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 48 BP 457 EP 465 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.003 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 287OW UT WOS:000329553100043 PM 24144433 ER PT J AU Ryu, H Elk, M Khan, IUH Harwood, VJ Molina, M Edge, TA Domingo, JS AF Ryu, Hodon Elk, Michael Khan, Izhar U. H. Harwood, Valerie J. Molina, Marirosa Edge, Thomas A. Domingo, Jorge Santo TI Comparison of two poultry litter qPCR assays targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Brevibacterium sp. SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fecal pollution; Microbial source tracking; Poultry-associated assays; qPCR ID QUANTITATIVE PCR ASSAY; FECAL SOURCE TRACKING; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; BROILER-CHICKENS; GULL FECES; DIVERSITY; BACTEROIDALES; SEQUENCES; CANADA AB Chicken feces commonly contain human pathogens and are also important sources of fecal pollution in environmental waters. Consequently, methods that can detect chicken fecal pollution are needed in public health and environmental monitoring studies. In this study, we compared a previously developed SYBR green qPCR assay (LA35) to a novel TaqMan qPCR assay (CL) for the environmental detection of poultry-associated fecal pollution. We tested both assays against chicken litter (n = 40), chicken fecal samples (n = 186), non-chicken fecal sources (n = 484), and environmental water samples (n = 323). Most chicken litter samples (i.e., >= 98%) were positive for both assays with relatively high signal intensities, whereas only 23% and 12% of poultry fecal samples (n = 186) were positive with the LA35 and the CL assays, respectively. Data using fecal samples from nontarget animal species showed that the assays are highly host-associated (>= 95%). Bayesian statistical models showed that the two assays are associated with relatively low probability of false-positive and false-negative signals in water samples. The CL marker had a lower prevalence than the LA35 assay when tested against environmental water samples (i.e., 21% vs. 31% positive signals). However, by combining the results from the two assays the detection levels increased to 41%, suggesting that using multiple assays can improve the detection of chicken-fecal pollution in environmental waters. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ryu, Hodon; Elk, Michael; Domingo, Jorge Santo] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Khan, Izhar U. H.; Edge, Thomas A.] Environm Canada, Natl Water Res Inst, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Khan, Izhar U. H.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr ECORC, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Harwood, Valerie J.] Univ S Florida, Dept Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Molina, Marirosa] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Domingo, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov FU Environment Canada's National Agri-Environmental Standards Initiative (NAESI); Delaware Department of Natural Resources FX We thank Jacob Rieth for technical assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Edythe Humphries (State of Delaware) for providing chicken litter and water samples and Hans Schreier (University of British Columbia) for providing water samples. We thank Jennifer Weidhaas for information on growth of Brevibacterium in poultry litter. Funding for this project was provided by Environment Canada's National Agri-Environmental Standards Initiative (NAESI) and Delaware Department of Natural Resources. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed, or partially funded and collaborated in, the research described herein. This work has been subjected to the agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the agency; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 48 BP 613 EP 621 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.015 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 287OW UT WOS:000329553100058 PM 24169514 ER PT J AU Oladeinde, A Bohrmann, T Wong, K Purucker, ST Bradshaw, K Brown, R Snyder, B Molina, M AF Oladeinde, Adelumola Bohrmann, Thomas Wong, Kelvin Purucker, S. T. Bradshaw, Ken Brown, Reid Snyder, Blake Molina, Marirosa TI Decay of Fecal Indicator Bacterial Populations and Bovine-Associated Source-Tracking Markers in Freshly Deposited Cow Pats SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENETIC-MARKERS; QUANTITATIVE PCR; DIE-OFF; WATER MICROCOSMS; SOLAR-RADIATION; RIVER WATER; PIG MANURE AB Understanding the survival of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and microbial source-tracking (MST) markers is critical to developing pathogen fate and transport models. Although pathogen survival in water microcosms and manure-amended soils is well documented, little is known about their survival in intact cow pats deposited on pastures. We conducted a study to determine decay rates of fecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and enterococci) and bovine-associated MST markers (CowM3, Rum-2-bac, and GenBac) in 18 freshly deposited cattle feces from three farms in northern Georgia. Samples were randomly assigned to shaded or unshaded treatment in order to determine the effects of sunlight, moisture, and temperature on decay rates. A general linear model (GLM) framework was used to determine decay rates. Shading significantly decreased the decay rate of the E. coli population (P < 0.0001), with a rate of -0.176 day(-1) for the shaded treatment and -0.297 day(-1) for the unshaded treatment. Shading had no significant effect on decay rates of enterococci, CowM3, Rum-2-bac, and GenBac (P > 0.05). In addition, E. coli populations showed a significant growth rate (0.881 day(-1)) in the unshaded samples during the first 5 days after deposition. UV-B was the most important parameter explaining the decay rate of E. coli populations. A comparison of the decay behaviors among all markers indicated that enterococcus concentrations exhibit a better correlation with the MST markers than E. coli concentrations. Our results indicate that bovine-associated MST markers can survive in cow pats for at least 1 month after excretion, and although their decay dynamic differs from the decay dynamic of E. coli populations, they seem to be reliable markers to use in combination with enterococci to monitor fecal pollution from pasture lands. C1 [Oladeinde, Adelumola; Bohrmann, Thomas; Wong, Kelvin; Purucker, S. T.; Bradshaw, Ken; Brown, Reid; Snyder, Blake; Molina, Marirosa] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Molina, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. EM Molina.marirosa@epa.gov NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 40 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 80 IS 1 BP 110 EP 118 DI 10.1128/AEM.02203-13 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 277XA UT WOS:000328851400012 PM 24141130 ER PT J AU Custer, CM Custer, TW Dummer, PM Etterson, MA Thogmartin, WE Wu, Q Kannan, K Trowbridge, A McKann, PC AF Custer, Christine M. Custer, Thomas W. Dummer, Paul M. Etterson, Matthew A. Thogmartin, Wayne E. Wu, Qian Kannan, Kurunthachalam Trowbridge, Annette McKann, Patrick C. TI Exposure and Effects of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Tree Swallows Nesting in Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; GREAT BLUE HERON; PERFLUORINATED ALKYL SUBSTANCES; NORTHERN BOBWHITE QUAIL; EAST CENTRAL MINNESOTA; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; TEMPORAL TRENDS; ORGANOCHLORINE RESIDUES; CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE AB The exposure and effects of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were studied at eight locations in Minnesota and Wisconsin between 2007 and 2011 using tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). Concentrations of PFASs were quantified as were reproductive success end points. The sample egg method was used wherein an egg sample is collected, and the hatching success of the remaining eggs in the nest is assessed. The association between PFAS exposure and reproductive success was assessed by site comparisons, logistic regression analysis, and multistate modeling, a technique not previously used in this context. There was a negative association between concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in eggs and hatching success. The concentration at which effects became evident (150-200 ng/g wet weight) was far lower than effect levels found in laboratory feeding trials or egg-injection studies of other avian species. This discrepancy was likely because behavioral effects and other extrinsic factors are not accounted for in these laboratory studies and the possibility that tree swallows are unusually sensitive to PFASs. The results from multistate modeling and simple logistic regression analyses were nearly identical. Multistate modeling provides a better method to examine possible effects of additional covariates and assessment of models using Akaike information criteria analyses. There was a credible association between PFOS concentrations in plasma and eggs, so extrapolation between these two commonly sampled tissues can be performed. C1 [Custer, Christine M.; Custer, Thomas W.; Dummer, Paul M.; Thogmartin, Wayne E.; McKann, Patrick C.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Etterson, Matthew A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Wu, Qian; Kannan, Kurunthachalam] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Wu, Qian; Kannan, Kurunthachalam] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Trowbridge, Annette] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bloomington, MN 55437 USA. RP Custer, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM ccuster@usgs.gov RI Custer, Christine/H-4871-2014; Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008; OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279; Custer, Thomas/0000-0003-3170-6519 NR 66 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 EI 1432-0703 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 66 IS 1 BP 120 EP 138 DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9934-0 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 283GL UT WOS:000329234200011 PM 23860575 ER PT J AU Muhammad, N Gallardo, VJ Schupp, DA Krishnan, ER Minamyer, KS Rice, EW AF Muhammad, Nur Gallardo, Vicente J. Schupp, Donald A. Krishnan, E. Radha Minamyer, K. Scott Rice, Eugene W. TI Inactivation of Bacillus spores in decontamination wash down wastewater using chlorine bleach solution SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Bacillus; inactivation; wastewater; hypochlorite; bleach; bench-scale; pilot-scale; chlorine ID ANTHRACIS; SURROGATE; GLOBIGII; CEREUS; STERNE; AGENTS; MODEL AB Bacillus anthracis spores are highly resistant to disinfection. The effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) solution for the inactivation of Bacillus atrophaeus subspecies globigii spores (a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis) in wash down wastewater was evaluated by a series of bench-scale and pilot-scale experiments. The wastewater was generated from a simulated decontamination of interior laboratory surfaces and personal protective equipment. A concentration of approximately 5% (v/v) bleach solution was adequate for a >= 7 log(10) inactivation of Bacillus spores spiked in wastewater after 10 min of contact time at room temperature. This sodium hypochlorite dose is less than the U. S. National Response Team-recommended formulation of 10% (v/v) bleach solution with 10% (v/v) vinegar. For the wash down waters evaluated, the addition of vinegar was not required. Inactivation of Bacillus spores was faster when a detergent was added to the wash down waters tested. C1 [Muhammad, Nur; Schupp, Donald A.; Krishnan, E. Radha] Shaw Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45212 USA. [Gallardo, Vicente J.; Minamyer, K. Scott; Rice, Eugene W.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gallardo, VJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM gallardo.vincente@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development; Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc., CBI Company [EP-C-09-041] FX The authors wish to thank Mr. Lee Heckman, Biologist, and Ms. Jill Webster, Chemist, of Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc., a CB&I Company, for their assistance with the experiments and analyses; Ms. Noreen Adcock of the USEPA for lending technical expertise in support of efforts to refine the inactivation procedure and microbiological analyses, and Mr. Leroy Mickelsen and Mr. Richard Rupert of the USEPA for consultation on project scope. The US Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described herein. Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc., a CB&I Company, conducted the work under Contract No. EP-C-09-041. This manuscript has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 19 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0315-1468 EI 1208-6029 J9 CAN J CIVIL ENG JI Can. J. Civ. Eng. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 41 IS 1 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1139/cjce-2013-0319 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 286ZU UT WOS:000329508600005 ER PT J AU Magdouli, S Yan, S Tyagi, RD Surampalli, RY AF Magdouli, S. Yan, S. Tyagi, R. D. Surampalli, R. Y. TI Heterotrophic Microorganisms: A Promising Source for Biodiesel Production SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biodiesel; genetic engineering; lipids; oleaginous microorganisms; regulation ID SINGLE-CELL OIL; FATTY-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID; FED-BATCH CULTURE; YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; RHODOCOCCUS-OPACUS PD630; STAGE CONTINUOUS-CULTURE; PROTEIN SYNTHASE-III; ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN; YARROWIA-LIPOLYTICA AB The authors discuss occurrence of heterotrophic microbes, specifically bacteria, yeast, and molds, in biodiesel production is well discussed. Besides, these oleaginous microorganisms are reported to accumulate triacylglycerols (TAGs) that contain long-chain fatty acids. Most of the evidence suggests that TAGs accumulated are suitable for biodiesel production. Lipid accumulation (de novo or ex novo) required a set of enzymes and expression of various genes that are under complex regulatory system. The authors take a step in this direction and provides a summary of the actual knowledge on heterotrophic oleaginous species, their fatty acids, TAGs, and sterol biosynthesis with a biochemical and genetic approaches to better understand their regulation. Likewise, the impact of abiotic factors that can contribute to higher lipid accumulation is summarized. This review also highlights various issues concerning genetic engineering that may contribute to an advanced path forward for microbial feedstock-based biodiesel. C1 [Magdouli, S.; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A 4984]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Canada Research Chair) FX The authors are thankful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant A 4984, and Canada Research Chair) for their financial support. NR 176 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 52 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-3389 EI 1547-6537 J9 CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC JI Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2014 VL 44 IS 4 BP 416 EP 453 DI 10.1080/10643389.2012.728523 PG 38 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 285WK UT WOS:000329425500004 ER PT J AU Shafer, DJ Kaldy, JE Gaeckle, JL AF Shafer, Deborah J. Kaldy, James E. Gaeckle, Jeffrey L. TI Science and Management of the Introduced Seagrass Zostera japonica in North America SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Seagrass; Zostera japonica; Zostera marina; Invasive species management ID BRITISH-COLUMBIA; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; PACIFIC COAST; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MARINE MACROPHYTE; INVASIVE PLANTS; SEED DISPERSAL; DABBLING DUCKS; BOUNDARY BAY; DEN HARTOG AB Healthy seagrass is considered a prime indicator of estuarine ecosystem function. On the Pacific coast of North America, at least two congeners of Zostera occur: native Zostera marina, and introduced, Zostera japonica. Z. japonica is considered "invasive" and therefore, ecologically and economically harmful by some, while others consider it benign or perhaps beneficial. Z. japonica does not appear on the Federal or the Oregon invasive species or noxious weed lists. However, the State of California lists it as both an invasive and noxious weed; Washington State recently listed it as a noxious weed. We describe the management dynamics in North America with respect to these congener species and highlight the science and policies behind these decisions. In recent years, management strategies at the state level have ranged from historical protection of Z. japonica as a priority habitat in Washington to eradication in California. Oregon and British Columbia, Canada appear to have no specific policies with regard to Z. japonica. This fractured management approach contradicts efforts to conserve and protect seagrass in other regions of the US and around the world. Science must play a critical role in the assessment of Z. japonica ecology and the immediate and long-term effects of management actions. The information and recommendations provided here can serve as a basis for providing scientific data in order to develop better informed management decisions and aid in defining a uniform management strategy for Z. japonica. C1 [Shafer, Deborah J.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Kaldy, James E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Gaeckle, Jeffrey L.] Washington State Dept Nat Resources, Aquat Div, Nearshore Habitat Program, Olympia, WA 98504 USA. RP Kaldy, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM Kaldy.jim@epa.gov FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors thank the following individuals for valuable comments and discussion on draft versions of this manuscript, H. Berry, R. Carman P. Dowty, B. Dumbauld, M. Goehring, L. Nelson, W. Nelson, F. Short, B. Reeves, R. Virnstein, S. Yost, and four anonymous reviewers. Authors also thank J. Ruesink for access to Manila clam weight data. The information in this document has been funded in part by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and by the US Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Research and Development Center and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the agencies, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 104 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 63 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 53 IS 1 BP 147 EP 162 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0172-z PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 283FA UT WOS:000329230000014 PM 24100942 ER PT J AU Harwood, VJ Staley, C Badgley, BD Borges, K Korajkic, A AF Harwood, Valerie J. Staley, Christopher Badgley, Brian D. Borges, Kim Korajkic, Asja TI Microbial source tracking markers for detection of fecal contamination in environmental waters: relationships between pathogens and human health outcomes SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE water quality; recreational water; MST; fecal indicator bacteria; qPCR; epidemiology ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE PATTERNS; BACTEROIDALES GENETIC-MARKERS; ENTEROCOCCAL SURFACE PROTEIN; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RAPIDLY MEASURED INDICATORS; RECREATIONAL MARINE WATERS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; QUANTITATIVE PCR AB Microbial source tracking (MST) describes a suite of methods and an investigative strategy for determination of fecal pollution sources in environmental waters that rely on the association of certain fecal microorganisms with a particular host. MST is used to assess recreational water quality and associated human health risk, and total maximum daily load allocations. Many methods rely on signature molecules (markers) such as DNA sequences of host-associated microorganisms. Human sewage pollution is among the greatest concerns for human health due to (1) the known risk of exposure to human waste and (2) the public and regulatory will to reduce sewage pollution; however, methods to identify animal sources are receiving increasing attention as our understanding of zoonotic disease potential improves. Here, we review the performance of MST methods in initial reports and field studies, with particular emphasis on quantitative PCR (qPCR). Relationships among human-associated MST markers, fecal indicator bacteria, pathogens, and human health outcomes are presented along with recommendations for future research. An integrated understanding of the advantages and drawbacks of the many MST methods targeting human sources advanced over the past several decades will benefit managers, regulators, researchers, and other users of this rapidly growing area of environmental microbiology. C1 [Harwood, Valerie J.; Staley, Christopher] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Staley, Christopher] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Badgley, Brian D.] Virgina Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Borges, Kim] Univ Maine, Ft Kent, ME USA. [Korajkic, Asja] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Harwood, VJ (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, 4202 E Fowler Ave SCA 110, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM vharwood@usf.edu FU Water Environment Research Foundation [PATH3C09]; Florida Stormwater Association; Florida Department of Environmental Protection FX The funding for this work was provided by the Water Environment Research Foundation (PATH3C09), the Florida Stormwater Association, and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. NR 195 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 24 U2 183 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0168-6445 EI 1574-6976 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL REV JI Fems Microbiol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 38 IS 1 BP 1 EP 40 DI 10.1111/1574-6976.12031 PG 40 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 284FN UT WOS:000329301600001 PM 23815638 ER PT J AU Shao, K Gift, JS AF Shao, Kan Gift, Jeffrey S. TI Model Uncertainty and Bayesian Model Averaged Benchmark Dose Estimation for Continuous Data SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian model averaging; benchmark dose; continuous data; model uncertainty ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; SELECTION; INFORMATION; CRITERION; INFERENCE; RESPONSES; LIMITS AB The benchmark dose (BMD) approach has gained acceptance as a valuable risk assessment tool, but risk assessors still face significant challenges associated with selecting an appropriate BMD/BMDL estimate from the results of a set of acceptable dose-response models. Current approaches do not explicitly address model uncertainty, and there is an existing need to more fully inform health risk assessors in this regard. In this study, a Bayesian model averaging (BMA) BMD estimation method taking model uncertainty into account is proposed as an alternative to current BMD estimation approaches for continuous data. Using the hybrid method proposed by Crump, two strategies of BMA, including both maximum likelihood estimation based and Markov Chain Monte Carlo based methods, are first applied as a demonstration to calculate model averaged BMD estimates from real continuous dose-response data. The outcomes from the example data sets examined suggest that the BMA BMD estimates have higher reliability than the estimates from the individual models with highest posterior weight in terms of higher BMDL and smaller 90th percentile intervals. In addition, a simulation study is performed to evaluate the accuracy of the BMA BMD estimator. The results from the simulation study recommend that the BMA BMD estimates have smaller bias than the BMDs selected using other criteria. To further validate the BMA method, some technical issues, including the selection of models and the use of bootstrap methods for BMDL derivation, need further investigation over a more extensive, representative set of dose-response data. C1 [Shao, Kan] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shao, K (reprint author), US EPA, NCEA B243-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM shao.kan@epa.gov RI Shao, Kan/B-8242-2015 OI Shao, Kan/0000-0002-5512-2377 FU U.S. Department of Energy; EPA FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Woodrow Setzer, Reeder Sams, and John Vandenberg and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions on an early version of this article. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an inter-agency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 1 BP 101 EP 120 DI 10.1111/risa.12078 PG 20 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 287MB UT WOS:000329544800006 PM 23758102 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ AF Ghio, Andrew J. TI Inhalation as a Source of Iron in Secondary Iron Overload SO ACTA HAEMATOLOGICA LA English DT Letter C1 US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC 27711 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27711 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0001-5792 EI 1421-9662 J9 ACTA HAEMATOL-BASEL JI Acta Haematol. PY 2014 VL 131 IS 1 BP 70 EP 70 DI 10.1159/000354822 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 278UN UT WOS:000328915500011 PM 24061083 ER PT J AU Corton, JC Cunningham, ML Hummer, BT Lau, C Meek, B Peters, JM Popp, JA Rhomberg, L Seed, J Klaunig, JE AF Corton, J. Christopher Cunningham, Michael L. Hummer, B. Timothy Lau, Christopher Meek, Bette Peters, Jeffrey M. Popp, James A. Rhomberg, Lorenz Seed, Jennifer Klaunig, James E. TI Mode of action framework analysis for receptor-mediated toxicity: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) as a case study SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP); human relevancy framework; key events; liver cancer; mode of action; NF-kB; oxidative stress; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) ID NF-KAPPA-B; ACYL-COA OXIDASE; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; JUNCTIONAL INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; <4-CHLORO-6-(2,3-XYLIDINO)-2-PYRIMIDINYLTHIO>ACETIC ACID WY-14,643; CIPROFIBRATE-INDUCED HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; RETINOID-X-RECEPTOR; TRANSFERASE TRANSPEPTIDASE ACTIVITY AB Several therapeutic agents and industrial chemicals induce liver tumors in rodents through the activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha). The cellular and molecular events by which PPAR alpha activators induce rodent hepatocarcinogenesis has been extensively studied and elucidated. This review summarizes the weight of evidence relevant to the hypothesized mode of action (MOA) for PPAR alpha activator-induced rodent hepatocarcinogenesis and identifies gaps in our knowledge of this MOA. Chemical-specific and mechanistic data support concordance of temporal and dose-response relationships for the key events associated with many PPAR alpha activators including a phthalate ester plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and the drug gemfibrozil. While biologically plausible in humans, the hypothesized key events in the rodent MOA, for PPAR alpha activators, are unlikely to induce liver tumors in humans because of toxicodynamic and biological differences in responses. This conclusion is based on minimal or no effects observed on growth pathways, hepatocellular proliferation and liver tumors in humans and/or species (including hamsters, guinea pigs and cynomolgous monkeys) that are more appropriate human surrogates than mice and rats at overlapping dose levels. Overall, the panel concluded that significant quantitative differences in PPAR alpha activator-induced effects related to liver cancer formation exist between rodents and humans. On the basis of these quantitative differences, most of the workgroup felt that the rodent MOA is "not relevant to humans'' with the remaining members concluding that the MOA is "unlikely to be relevant to humans''. The two groups differed in their level of confidence based on perceived limitations of the quantitative and mechanistic knowledge of the species differences, which for some panel members strongly supports but cannot preclude the absence of effects under unlikely exposure scenarios. C1 [Corton, J. Christopher; Lau, Christopher; Seed, Jennifer] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Cunningham, Michael L.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hummer, B. Timothy] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Meek, Bette] Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Peters, Jeffrey M.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Mol Toxicol & Carcinogenesis, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Popp, James A.] Stratoxon LLC, Lancaster, PA USA. [Rhomberg, Lorenz] Gradient Corp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Klaunig, James E.] Indiana Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. RP Corton, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM corton.chris@epa.gov; jklauni@indiana.edu FU Alliance for Risk Assessment (ARA); American Chemistry Council (ACC) Center for Advancing Risk Assessment; CropLife America; CXR Biosciences; Dow Chemical Company; DuPont; Hamner Institute for Health; Indiana University Department of Environmental Health; Society for Risk Analysis (SRA); Society of Toxicology (SOT); 3M Company; Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA); U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL); U.S. EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP); U.S. EPA Office of Water (OW); TERA FX The employment affiliations of the authors are shown on the cover page. However, this manuscript, including all analyses, interpretations and opinions expressed are exclusively the work product of the authors and are not necessarily those of their employers or respective institutions. Funding and/or in-kind support for the workshop and this manuscript (but not to the coauthors) were provided by the Alliance for Risk Assessment (ARA), American Chemistry Council (ACC) Center for Advancing Risk Assessment, CropLife America, CXR Biosciences, The Dow Chemical Company, DuPont, The Hamner Institute for Health, Indiana University Department of Environmental Health, Society for Risk Analysis (SRA), Society of Toxicology (SOT), 3M Company, Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA), U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), U.S. EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP) and U.S. EPA Office of Water (OW). The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) provided the workshop venue. Several of the manuscript authors are employed by the institutions that provided funding for the workshop. Some of the authors of this manuscript have consulted for government and industry on receptor-specific related projects, have been or are funded through grants and by organizations mentioned earlier and/or have served as reviewers or on committees for related topics. Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA) was provided funding to organize and run the workshop. Some case study panel members were offered funding for travel and lodging associated with the workshop; some of the members accepted this funding. Funding was also utilized by TERA to coordinate and draft workshop manuscripts. Additional funding was supplied by The Dow Chemical Company, 3M Company and DuPont to finalize and submit the manuscripts. There was no input or review of the manuscripts by these sponsors. This manuscript was reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and the NIEHS prior to submission, as a matter of protocol; however, none of those internal reviews altered the scientific conclusions NR 381 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 38 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 EI 1547-6898 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 1 BP 1 EP 49 DI 10.3109/10408444.2013.835784 PG 49 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 281XG UT WOS:000329133700001 PM 24180432 ER PT J AU Andersen, ME Preston, RJ Maier, A Willis, AM Patterson, J AF Andersen, Melvin E. Preston, R. Julian Maier, Andrew Willis, Alison M. Patterson, Jacqueline TI Dose-response approaches for nuclear receptor-mediated modes of action for liver carcinogenicity: Results of a workshop SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR); constitutive androstane receptor (CAR); dose-response; liver carcinogenicity; mode of action; nuclear receptor; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha); risk assessment ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; HUMAN RELEVANCE; MECHANISTIC CONSIDERATIONS; IPCS FRAMEWORK; CANCER-RISK; RODENT; HUMANS; EXTRAPOLATION; INFORMATION; DISEASE AB A public workshop, organized by a Steering Committee of scientists from government, industry, universities and research organizations, was held at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) in September, 2010. The workshop explored the dose-response implications of toxicant modes of action (MOA) mediated by nuclear receptors. The dominant paradigm in human health risk assessment has been linear extrapolation without a threshold for cancer, and estimation of sub-threshold doses for non-cancer and (in appropriate cases) cancer endpoints. However, recent publications question the application of dose-response modeling approaches with a threshold. The growing body of molecular toxicology information and computational toxicology tools has allowed for exploration of the presence or absence of sub-threshold doses for a number of receptor-mediated MOAs. The workshop explored the development of dose-response approaches for nuclear receptor-mediated liver cancer, within a MOA Human Relevance Framework (HRF). Case studies addressed activation of the AHR, the CAR and the PPAR alpha. This article describes the workshop process, key issues discussed and conclusions. The value of an interactive workshop approach to apply current MOA/HRF frameworks was demonstrated. The results may help direct research on the MOA and dose-response of receptor-based toxicity, since there are commonalities for many receptors in the basic pathways involved for late steps in the MOA, and similar data gaps in early steps. Three additional papers in this series describe the results and conclusions for each case-study receptor regarding its MOA, relevance of the MOA to humans and the resulting dose-response implications. C1 [Andersen, Melvin E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Preston, R. Julian] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Maier, Andrew; Willis, Alison M.; Patterson, Jacqueline] TERA, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Andersen, ME (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, 6 Davis Dr POB 12137, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM mandersen@thehamner.org OI Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811 FU Alliance for Risk Assessment (ARA); American Chemistry Council (ACC) Center for Advancing Risk Assessment; CropLife America; CXR Biosciences; Dow Chemical Company; DuPont; Hamner Institute for Health; Indiana University Department of Environmental Health; Society for Risk Analysis (SRA); Society of Toxicology (SOT); 3M Company; Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA); U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL); U.S. EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP); U.S. EPA Office of Water (OW) FX The employment affiliations of the authors are shown on the cover page. However, this manuscript, including all analyses, interpretations and opinions expressed are exclusively the work product of the authors and are not necessarily those of their employers or respective institutions. Funding and/or in-kind support for the workshop and this manuscript were provided by the Alliance for Risk Assessment (ARA), American Chemistry Council (ACC) Center for Advancing Risk Assessment, CropLife America, CXR Biosciences, The Dow Chemical Company, DuPont, The Hamner Institute for Health, Indiana University Department of Environmental Health, Society for Risk Analysis (SRA), Society of Toxicology (SOT), 3M Company, Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA), U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), U.S. EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP) and U.S. EPA Office of Water (OW). The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) provided the workshop venue. Most of these organizations have research or interests in the outcome of this workshop. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 EI 1547-6898 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 1 BP 50 EP 63 DI 10.3109/10408444.2013.835785 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 281XG UT WOS:000329133700002 PM 24083384 ER PT J AU Elcombe, CR Peffer, RC Wolf, DC Bailey, J Bars, R Bell, D Cattley, RC Ferguson, SS Geter, D Goetz, A Goodman, JI Hester, S Jacobs, A Omiecinski, CJ Schoeny, R Xie, W Lake, BG AF Elcombe, Clifford R. Peffer, Richard C. Wolf, Douglas C. Bailey, Jason Bars, Remi Bell, David Cattley, Russell C. Ferguson, Stephen S. Geter, David Goetz, Amber Goodman, Jay I. Hester, Susan Jacobs, Abigail Omiecinski, Curtis J. Schoeny, Rita Xie, Wen Lake, Brian G. TI Mode of action and human relevance analysis for nuclear receptor-mediated liver toxicity: A case study with phenobarbital as a model constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) activator SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Constitutive androstane receptor; dose-response assessment; human relevance framework; key and associative events; liver cancer; mode of action; modulating factors; phenobarbital; pregnane X receptor ID PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROID METOFLUTHRIN; REPLICATIVE DNA-SYNTHESIS; HUMAN CANCER-RISK; LONG-TERM; RAT-LIVER; CELL-PROLIFERATION; DRUG-METABOLISM; RODENT LIVER; MOUSE-LIVER AB The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) are important nuclear receptors involved in the regulation of cellular responses from exposure to many xenobiotics and various physiological processes. Phenobarbital (PB) is a non-genotoxic indirect CAR activator, which induces cytochrome P450 (CYP) and other xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and is known to produce liver foci/tumors in mice and rats. From literature data, a mode of action (MOA) for PB-induced rodent liver tumor formation was developed. A MOA for PXR activators was not established owing to a lack of suitable data. The key events in the PB-induced liver tumor MOA comprise activation of CAR followed by altered gene expression specific to CAR activation, increased cell proliferation, formation of altered hepatic foci and ultimately the development of liver tumors. Associative events in the MOA include altered epigenetic changes, induction of hepatic CYP2B enzymes, liver hypertrophy and decreased apoptosis; with inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication being an associative event or modulating factor. The MOA was evaluated using the modified Bradford Hill criteria for causality and other possible MOAs were excluded. While PB produces liver tumors in rodents, important species differences were identified including a lack of cell proliferation in cultured human hepatocytes. The MOA for PB-induced rodent liver tumor formation was considered to be qualitatively not plausible for humans. This conclusion is supported by data from a number of epidemiological studies conducted in human populations chronically exposed to PB in which there is no clear evidence for increased liver tumor risk. C1 [Elcombe, Clifford R.] CXR Biosci Ltd, Dundee, Scotland. [Peffer, Richard C.; Goetz, Amber] Syngenta Crop Protect LLC, Greensboro, NC USA. [Wolf, Douglas C.; Hester, Susan; Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Bailey, Jason] Dow Agrosci, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Bars, Remi] Bayer CropSci, Durham, NC USA. [Bell, David] European Chem Agcy, Helsinki, Finland. [Cattley, Russell C.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Ferguson, Stephen S.] CellzDirect Life Technol, San Diego, CA USA. [Geter, David] Dow Chem Co USA, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Goodman, Jay I.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Omiecinski, Curtis J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Xie, Wen] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Pharmacogenet, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Lake, Brian G.] Univ Surrey, Ctr Toxicol, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, England. RP Lake, BG (reprint author), Univ Surrey, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Ctr Toxicol, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England. EM blake@lfrmolecular.com RI Xie, Wen/M-1768-2016 FU Alliance for Risk Assessment (ARA); American Chemistry Council (ACC) Center for Advancing Risk Assessment; CropLife America; CXR Biosciences; Dow Chemical Company; DuPont; Hamner Institute for Health; Indiana University Department of Environmental Health; Society for Risk Analysis (SRA); Society of Toxicology (SOT); 3M Company; Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA); U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL); U.S. EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP); U.S. EPA Office of Water (OW) FX This manuscript, including all analyses, interpretations and opinions expressed are exclusively those of the authors and are not necessarily those of their employers or respective institutions, as indicated on the cover page. This article reflects the views of the authors and does not necessarily represent views or polices of the U. S. EPA, the U.S. FDA, the European Chemicals Agency or any of the other authors' affiliations, as indicated on the cover page. Funding and in-kind support for the workshop and this manuscript were provided by the Alliance for Risk Assessment (ARA), American Chemistry Council (ACC) Center for Advancing Risk Assessment, CropLife America, CXR Biosciences, The Dow Chemical Company, DuPont, The Hamner Institute for Health, Indiana University Department of Environmental Health, Society for Risk Analysis (SRA), Society of Toxicology (SOT), 3M Company, Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA), U.S. EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), U.S. EPA Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP) and U.S. EPA Office of Water (OW). The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) for provided the workshop venue. Many of these organizations have active research and vested interests in the outcome of this workshop. Several of the manuscript authors are employed by the institutions that provided funding for the workshop. Many authors have worked in consulting for government and industry on receptor-specific related projects, have been or are funded through grants and by organizations mentioned earlier and have served as reviewers or on committees for related topics. Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA) was provided funding to organize and run the workshop. All case study panel members were offered funding for travel and lodging to and from the workshop, of which some accepted and received. Funding remaining after the workshop was utilized by TERA to begin coordination and drafting of workshop manuscripts. Honoraria were offered to all case study leaders and manuscript lead authors for their time drafting the manuscript, of which some accepted and received. This manuscript has been reviewed by multiple institutions; however, none of these internal reviews made substantive changes to the scientific conclusions or technical approaches and outcomes and these were made as a matter of protocol. NR 129 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 18 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 EI 1547-6898 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 1 BP 64 EP 82 DI 10.3109/10408444.2013.835786 PG 19 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 281XG UT WOS:000329133700003 PM 24180433 ER PT J AU Stevens, C Williams, R Jones, P AF Stevens, Carvin Williams, Ron Jones, Paul TI Progress on understanding spatial and temporal variability of PM2.5 and its components in the Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; AIR-POLLUTION; CENTRAL SITE; RESIDENTIAL OUTDOOR; PERSONAL EXPOSURE; URBAN; INDOOR; CALIFORNIA; PARTICLES; MORTALITY AB The Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) measured personal exposures, ambient, residential indoor and residential outdoor concentrations of select PM2.5 aerosol components (SO4, NO3, Fe, Si, Ca, K, Mn, Pb, Zn, EC and OC) over a three year period (2004-2007). These events represented approximately 190 calendar days of monitoring which was performed in seven residential neighborhoods throughout Wayne County, MI. The selection of neighborhoods and participants for study inclusion was based upon an a priori hypothesis that each neighborhood represented a potentially distinct air quality scenario being influenced by both regional as well as local pollution sources. Daily (24 h integrated) measurement data were used to evaluate the spatial and temporal PM2.5 compositional variability of the personal, indoor and outdoor spatial settings as they related to a central ambient monitoring site (Allen Park). Many of the PM2.5 components were observed to have spatially different outdoor mass concentrations in matched neighborhood by neighborhood comparisons, with sulfate, OC, and NO3 being noted exceptions. Coefficient of divergence (COD) comparisons involving outdoor measures for Ca, Si, Fe, Zn, Pb, and EC revealed significant spatial variability. While concentrations of most components were lower indoors as compared to outdoor measures, K and Si indoor concentrations often reflected aerosol enrichment (indoor/outdoor ratios >= 1.2). Even when personal exposures were adjusted for day to day changes in ambient concentrations, certain components (Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, among others) revealed a high degree of location-specific spatial variability suggesting the influences of personal activities and/or local source influences on total personal PM2.5 exposures. As a whole, findings indicate that reliance on a central ambient monitor as a surrogate for total personal and potentially even residential outdoor estimates of PM2.5 aerosol composition may provide an undesirable degree of exposure uncertainty for health-based risk estimates. The focus of this paper is on the spatial variability and uncertainty in using a central monitoring site to estimate exposures. Additional information concerning the DEARS can be found at http://www.epa.gov/DEARS/. C1 [Stevens, Carvin; Williams, Ron; Jones, Paul] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Stevens, C (reprint author), US EPA, 107 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM stevens.carvin@epa.gov; williams.ronald@epa.gov; jones.paul-a@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the Office of Research and Development [68-D-00-012, EP-D-00-068, 68-D-00-206, EP-05-D-065] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the Office of Research and Development funded and conducted the research described in this article under contract 68-D-00-012 (RTI International), EP-D-00-068 (Battelle Columbus Laboratory), 68-D-00-206 and EP-05-D-065 (Alion Science and Technology). It has been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We especially thank Carry Croghan, Terri Conner and Robert Willis of the U.S. EPA; Charles Rodes, Jonathan Thornburg and Randy Newsome of RTI, International for their assistance in field or laboratory components of this effort. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 24 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PY 2014 VL 16 IS 1 BP 94 EP 105 DI 10.1039/c3em00364g PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 278JX UT WOS:000328887700009 PM 24247528 ER PT J AU Gordon, DA Smith, ME Wratschko, M Agard, D Holden, L Wilcox, S Lazorchak, JM AF Gordon, Denise A. Smith, Mark E. Wratschko, Melissa Agard, David Holden, Lisa Wilcox, Steve Lazorchak, James M. TI A NEW APPROACH FOR THE LABORATORY CULTURE OF THE FATHEAD MINNOW, PIMEPHALES PROMELAS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Fathead minnow; Pimephales promelas; Mass culture system; Egg production; Water treatment system design ID EARLY-LIFE-STAGE; MINE-RECEIVING WATERS; LIPID-METABOLISM; GENE-EXPRESSION; WASTE-WATER; TOXICITY; VITELLOGENIN; REPRODUCTION; EFFLUENT; FISH AB Fathead minnows are routinely cultured for use in aquatic toxicology studies. A new mass culture system described in the present study consisted of 6 stainless steel tanks, each containing 68 fish and 20 spawning substrates. Spawning results are compared with a previous system of 22 individual glass aquaria, which contained 16 fish and 4 spawning substrates per tank. During a 19-mo period, the new system produced an average of 4105 eggs/d, compared with an average of 2465 eggs/d with the previous system. Labor and maintenance were reduced with the new system. The stainless steel tanks eliminated aquaria glass breakage, and daily water use was reduced by 45%. Analysis of reference toxicant data from fish cultured using both systems indicated no change in the sensitivity of the test animals. Analyses of 2009 egg production data determined that a 6:1 to 7:1 female to male ratio had a significantly positive impact on egg production levels and that 6-mo-old breeding stock should be introduced to the spawning tanks in mid-spring for optimal egg production during the rest of the year. Implementing a stainless steel mass culture system significantly increased efficiency of egg production; reduced turnaround delay of mature animal availability for toxicity and molecular testing; and reduced labor time, costs, and inherent safety hazards, compared with glass aquaria systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:126-133. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Gordon, Denise A.; Lazorchak, James M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Smith, Mark E.; Wratschko, Melissa] US EPA, McConnell Grp, Dynamac Corp, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Agard, David; Holden, Lisa; Wilcox, Steve] No Kentucky Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Highland Hts, KY 41076 USA. RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Lazorchak.Jim@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 IS 1 BP 126 EP 133 DI 10.1002/etc.2396 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 274HQ UT WOS:000328597800018 PM 24115165 ER PT J AU Villeneuve, D Volz, DC Embry, MR Ankley, GT Belanger, SE Leonard, M Schirmer, K Tanguay, R Truong, L Wehmas, L AF Villeneuve, Daniel Volz, David C. Embry, Michelle R. Ankley, Gerald T. Belanger, Scott E. Leonard, Marc Schirmer, Kristin Tanguay, Robert Truong, Lisa Wehmas, Leah TI INVESTIGATING ALTERNATIVES TO THE FISH EARLY-LIFE STAGE TEST: A STRATEGY FOR DISCOVERING AND ANNOTATING ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS FOR EARLY FISH DEVELOPMENT SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Adverse outcome pathways; Aquatic toxicology; Risk assessment; Mode of action; Swim bladder; Fish early-life stage toxicity; Animal alternative ID GAS GLAND-CELLS; SWIM BLADDER; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; SIGNALING PATHWAY; ZEBRAFISH EMBRYOS; SMALL MOLECULES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; IPCS FRAMEWORK; TOXICITY TEST; DANIO-RERIO AB The fish early-life stage (FELS) test (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] test guideline 210) is the primary test used internationally to estimate chronic fish toxicity in support of ecological risk assessments and chemical management programs. As part of an ongoing effort to develop efficient and cost-effective alternatives to the FELS test, there is a need to identify and describe potential adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) relevant to FELS toxicity. To support this endeavor, the authors outline and illustrate an overall strategy for the discovery and annotation of FELS AOPs. Key events represented by major developmental landmarks were organized into a preliminary conceptual model of fish development. Using swim bladder inflation as an example, a weight-of-evidence-based approach was used to support linkage of key molecular initiating events to adverse phenotypic outcomes and reduced young-of-year survival. Based on an iterative approach, the feasibility of using key events as the foundation for expanding a network of plausible linkages and AOP knowledge was explored and, in the process, important knowledge gaps were identified. Given the scope and scale of the task, prioritization of AOP development was recommended and key research objectives were defined relative to factors such as current animal-use restrictions in the European Union and increased demands for fish toxicity data in chemical management programs globally. The example and strategy described are intended to guide collective efforts to define FELS-related AOPs and develop resource-efficient predictive assays that address the toxicological domain of the OECD 210 test. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:158-169. (c) 2013 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. C1 [Villeneuve, Daniel; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Volz, David C.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Embry, Michelle R.] Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Int Life Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Belanger, Scott E.] Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Leonard, Marc] LOreal, Res & Innovat, Aulnay Sous Bois, France. [Schirmer, Kristin] Eawag, Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Schirmer, Kristin] EPF Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Schirmer, Kristin] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Zurich, Switzerland. [Tanguay, Robert; Truong, Lisa; Wehmas, Leah] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Embry, MR (reprint author), Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Int Life Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM membry@ilsi.org OI Belanger, Scott/0000-0003-0369-9673 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES000210] NR 62 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 67 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 IS 1 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1002/etc.2403 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 274HQ UT WOS:000328597800022 PM 24115264 ER PT J AU Fritts, AK Barnhart, MC Bradley, M Liu, N Cope, WG Hammer, E Bringolf, RB AF Fritts, Andrea K. Barnhart, M. Christopher Bradley, Megan Liu, Na Cope, W. Gregory Hammer, Edward Bringolf, Robert B. TI ASSESSMENT OF TOXICITY TEST ENDPOINTS FOR FRESHWATER MUSSEL LARVAE (GLOCHIDIA) SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Unionidae; Metamorphosis; Viability; Infectivity ID UNIONID MUSSELS; SENSITIVITY; UNIONOIDA; JUVENILES; DURATION; BIVALVIA AB The objectives of the present study were to determine if the viability of freshwater mussel larvae (glochidia) is an ecologically relevant endpoint for toxicity tests and to define the appropriate duration of those tests. The authors assessed 1) how viability (the shell closure response to sodium chloride) compares with infectivity (ability to attach to a host fish and successfully metamorphose to the juvenile stage), and 2) the decline of viability and infectivity over time after glochidia were released from female mussels. Glochidia of 7 mussel species were isolated from females, placed in water, and subsampled daily for 2 d to 5 d. Viability, when 90%, was generally a good predictor of infectivity; however, when viability was <90%, infectivity was often disproportionately low, especially for glochidia collected near the end of the brooding period. Viability and infectivity declined more rapidly in natural water and sediment compared to reconstituted water. Following 24-h exposure to a toxicant (sodium chloride or copper), infectivity of the viable glochidia did not differ among concentrations of toxicants. The results indicate that viability is a valid proxy for infectivity and an ecologically relevant endpoint for standard toxicity tests with freshwater mussels for any test duration with control viability >90%. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:199-207. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Fritts, Andrea K.; Bringolf, Robert B.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Barnhart, M. Christopher; Bradley, Megan; Liu, Na] Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, MO USA. [Cope, W. Gregory] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hammer, Edward] US EPA, Chicago, IL USA. RP Bringolf, RB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM bringo@uga.edu FU US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 5 Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Program from the US Geological Survey [104] FX Funding was provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 5 Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Program through work order 104 from the US Geological Survey. We thank C. Delos, L. Holst, L. Huff, D. Mount, C. Stephan, and B. Thompson of the USEPA for their valuable insight and assistance on project need and experimental design. We thank J. Creamer, M. Fritts, R. Ratajczak, A. Tuck, and J. Wisniewski for assistance in the laboratory and field and B. Sietman and T. Newton for providing mussels. Largemouth bass were donated by Owens and Williams Fish Hatchery, and rainbow darters were provided by Conservation Fisheries. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent the views of the USEPA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 33 IS 1 BP 199 EP 207 DI 10.1002/etc.2417 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 274HQ UT WOS:000328597800027 PM 24122868 ER PT J AU O'Leary, TJ AF O'Leary, Timothy J. TI Assessing and Comparing the Performance of Molecular Diagnostic Tests SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP O'Leary, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 EI 1943-7811 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 16 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2013.11.002 PG 2 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 278YT UT WOS:000328926500001 PM 24331364 ER PT J AU Levine, KE Han, L McWilliams, AC Essader, AS Amato, KE Fernando, RA Browning, DB Greene, LC Ensor, DS Walker, NJ Robinson, VG Collins, BJ AF Levine, Keith E. Han, Li McWilliams, Andrea C. Essader, Amal S. Amato, Kelly E. Fernando, Reshan A. Browning, Donna B. Greene, Lisa C. Ensor, David S. Walker, Nigel J. Robinson, Veronica G. Collins, Bradley J. TI Characterization of an assortment of commercially available multiwalled carbon nanotubes SO MICROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Nanomaterials; Nanotoxicology; MWCNT; Characterization ID IN-VITRO; CYTOTOXICITY; TOXICITY; NANOMATERIALS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; MESOTHELIOMA; INDUCTION; OXIDATION; QUALITY; TISSUE AB The objective of this study was to characterize an assortment of as received, commercially available, non-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) samples (n = 24) using thermogravimetric analysis, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Each sample was assigned to one of six types based on nominal length and diameter. Some of the samples from the product assortment exhibited significant differences in purity and morphology from their nominal values. Variability in the physicochemical properties of MWCNTs may be a significant factor in why many toxicological investigations have findings that are difficult to reproduce. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that investigators studying these materials present characterization information in addition to providing their source. C1 [Levine, Keith E.; Han, Li; McWilliams, Andrea C.; Essader, Amal S.; Amato, Kelly E.; Fernando, Reshan A.; Browning, Donna B.; Greene, Lisa C.; Ensor, David S.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Walker, Nigel J.; Robinson, Veronica G.; Collins, Bradley J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Levine, KE (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM levine@rti.org RI Walker, Nigel/D-6583-2012; Geracitano, Laura/E-6926-2013 OI Walker, Nigel/0000-0002-9111-6855; FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Health [N01-ES-65554] FX This analytical work was funded in full by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Health, Contract Number: N01-ES-65554. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0026-3672 EI 1436-5073 J9 MICROCHIM ACTA JI Microchim. Acta PD JAN PY 2014 VL 181 IS 1-2 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1007/s00604-013-1088-2 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 281KI UT WOS:000329099700018 ER PT J AU Rider, CV Boekelheide, K Catlin, N Gordon, CJ Morata, T Selgrade, MK Sexton, K Simmons, JE AF Rider, Cynthia V. Boekelheide, Kim Catlin, Natasha Gordon, Christopher J. Morata, Thais Selgrade, MaryJane K. Sexton, Kenneth Simmons, Jane Ellen TI Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE cumulative risk; nonchemical stressors; joint action; radiation; infectious disease; sunlight; temperature; noise ID INDUCED HEARING-LOSS; GERM-CELL APOPTOSIS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES; INFLUENZA INFECTION; INDUCED HYPOTHERMIA; NOISE ANNOYANCE; EXPOSURE AB Recent efforts to update cumulative risk assessment procedures to incorporate nonchemical stressors ranging from physical to psychosocial reflect increased interest in consideration of the totality of variables affecting human health and the growing desire to develop community-based risk assessment methods. A key roadblock is the uncertainty as to how nonchemical stressors behave in relationship to chemical stressors. Physical stressors offer a reasonable starting place for measuring the effects of nonchemical stressors and their modulation of chemical effects (and vice versa), as they clearly differ from chemical stressors; and doses of many physical stressors are more easily quantifiable than those of psychosocial stressors. There is a commonly held belief that virtually nothing is known about the impact of nonchemical stressors on chemically mediated toxicity or the joint impact of coexposure to chemical and nonchemical stressors. Although this is generally true, there are several instances where a substantial body of evidence exists. A workshop titled Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors held at the 2013 Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting provided a forum for discussion of research addressing the toxicity of physical stressors and what is known about their interactions with chemical stressors, both in terms of exposure and effects. Physical stressors including sunlight, heat, radiation, infectious disease, and noise were discussed in reference to identifying pathways of interaction with chemical stressors, data gaps, and suggestions for future incorporation into cumulative risk assessments. C1 [Rider, Cynthia V.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Boekelheide, Kim; Catlin, Natasha] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Gordon, Christopher J.] US EPA, Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Morata, Thais] NIOSH, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Selgrade, MaryJane K.] ICF Int, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Sexton, Kenneth] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Rider, CV (reprint author), NIEHS, 111 TW Alexander Dr,POB 12233,MD K2-12, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM ridercv@niehs.nih.gov FU Superfund Research Program grant [P42ES013660]; Training grant [T32ES07272]; National Institute of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX Superfund Research Program grant (P42ES013660 to K. B.); Training grant (NC; T32ES07272); the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 137 IS 1 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft228 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 281XD UT WOS:000329133400002 PM 24154487 ER PT J AU Amer, W Abdelouahdi, K Ramananarivo, HR Zahouily, M Fihri, A Djessas, K Zahouily, K Varma, RS Solhy, A AF Amer, Walid Abdelouahdi, Karima Ramananarivo, Hugo Ronald Zahouily, Mohamed Fihri, Aziz Djessas, Kamal Zahouily, Khalid Varma, Rajender S. Solhy, Abderrahim TI Microwave-assisted synthesis of mesoporous nano-hydroxyapatite using surfactant templates SO CRYSTENGCOMM LA English DT Article ID GEL-DERIVED HYDROXYAPATITE; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; CALCIUM PHOSPHATES; DRUG-DELIVERY; PARTICLES; NANOPARTICLES; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; BONE AB Mesoporous nano-hydroxyapatite (mn-HAP) was expeditiously synthesized using a pseudo sol-gel microwave-assisted protocol in the presence of two novel templates, namely sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LABS). The cooperative self-assembly of the calcium precursor with the surfactant molecules, followed by the interaction with the PO43- ligand, led to the formation of mesoporous nano-hydroxyapatite with controlled pore sizes. The systematic use of these surfactants in combination with microwave energy input enables the precise control of pore size within a narrow-size distribution range (35 nm). The controlled growth of hydroxyapatite is confirmed using several techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), low-angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and N-2 physisorption isotherm analysis. C1 [Amer, Walid; Ramananarivo, Hugo Ronald; Fihri, Aziz; Solhy, Abderrahim] MAScIR Fdn, INANOTECH, Rabat Design, Rabat 10100, Morocco. [Abdelouahdi, Karima] CNRST, Div UATRS, Angle Allal Fassi FAR, Rabat 10000, Morocco. [Djessas, Kamal] CNRS PROMES Tecnosud, F-66100 Perpignan, France. [Zahouily, Khalid] Photon & Polymers PnP, F-68460 Lutterbach, France. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Amer, W (reprint author), MAScIR Fdn, INANOTECH, Rabat Design, Rue Mohamed El Jazouli, Rabat 10100, Morocco. EM a.solhy@mascir.com FU OCP Group (Office Cherifien des Phosphates in the Moroccan Kingdom) FX The financial assistance of the OCP Group (Office Cherifien des Phosphates in the Moroccan Kingdom) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. The authors are also grateful to Mr. Mohamed Lasry for his help to achieve this work within the framework of the IMEDER and AMISOLE. We thank Vincent Colliere from Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC-CNRS) in Toulouse-France for the HRTEM analyses. We equally thank the technical support team of the MAScIR Foundation, particularly Mr. Mohamed El Khadri. NR 51 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 78 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1466-8033 J9 CRYSTENGCOMM JI Crystengcomm PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 BP 543 EP 549 DI 10.1039/c3ce42150c PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 273QO UT WOS:000328551400005 ER PT J AU El-Gohary, Y Tulachan, S Wiersch, J Guo, P Welsh, C Prasadan, K Paredes, J Shiota, C Xiao, XW Wada, Y Diaz, M Gittes, G AF El-Gohary, Yousef Tulachan, Sidhartha Wiersch, John Guo, Ping Welsh, Carey Prasadan, Krishna Paredes, Jose Shiota, Chiyo Xiao, Xiangwei Wada, Yoko Diaz, Marilyn Gittes, George TI A Smad Signaling Network Regulates Islet Cell Proliferation SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; ENDOCRINE PANCREAS; EXOCRINE PANCREAS; MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; DIFFERENTIAL ROLES; PRECURSOR CELLS; MOUSE PANCREAS; AR42J CELLS; IN-VITRO; GROWTH AB Pancreatic -cell loss and dysfunction are critical components of all types of diabetes. Human and rodent -cells are able to proliferate, and this proliferation is an important defense against the evolution and progression of diabetes. Transforming growth factor- (TGF-) signaling has been shown to affect -cell development, proliferation, and function, but -cell proliferation is thought to be the only source of new -cells in the adult. Recently, -cell dedifferentiation has been shown to be an important contributory mechanism to -cell failure. In this study, we tie together these two pathways by showing that a network of intracellular TGF- regulators, smads 7, 2, and 3, control -cell proliferation after -cell loss, and specifically, smad7 is necessary for that -cell proliferation. Importantly, this smad7-mediated proliferation appears to entail passing through a transient, nonpathologic dedifferentiation of -cells to a pancreatic polypeptide-fold hormone-positive state. TGF- receptor II appears to be a receptor important for controlling the status of the smad network in -cells. These studies should help our understanding of properly regulated -cell replication. C1 [El-Gohary, Yousef; Wiersch, John; Guo, Ping; Prasadan, Krishna; Paredes, Jose; Shiota, Chiyo; Xiao, Xiangwei; Gittes, George] Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Tulachan, Sidhartha] St Elizabeth Hlth Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Youngstown, OH USA. [Wiersch, John] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Sch Med, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Welsh, Carey] Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Wada, Yoko] Niigata Univ, Grad Sch Med & Dent Sci, Div Clin Nephrol & Rheumatol, Niigata, Japan. [Diaz, Marilyn] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Mol Genet, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Gittes, G (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM george.gittes@chp.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01-DK-064952, R01-DK-083541-01]; Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh; Division of Intramural Research of the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences) [Z01-ES-101603] FX This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (grants R01-DK-064952 and R01-DK-083541-01 to G. G.), and the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. M. D. was supported by Project Z01-ES-101603 from the Division of Intramural Research of the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences). NR 50 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 EI 1939-327X J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JAN PY 2014 VL 63 IS 1 BP 224 EP 236 DI 10.2337/db13-0432 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 275MF UT WOS:000328680400029 PM 24089514 ER PT J AU Vaughan, JM Garrett, BJ Prophete, C Horton, L Sisco, M Soukup, JM Zelikoff, JT Ghio, A Peltier, RE Asgharian, B Chen, LC Cohen, MD AF Vaughan, Joshua M. Garrett, Brittany J. Prophete, Colette Horton, Lori Sisco, Maureen Soukup, Joleen M. Zelikoff, Judith T. Ghio, Andrew Peltier, Richard E. Asgharian, Bahman Chen, Lung-Chi Cohen, Mitchell D. TI A novel system to generate WTC dust particles for inhalation exposures SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE World Trade Center; WTC; dust; fishing line; generator; intratracheal inhalation ID WORLD-TRADE-CENTER; YORK-CITY FIREFIGHTERS; CENTER DISASTER SITE; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; RECOVERY WORKERS; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; POLICE OFFICERS; LOWER MANHATTAN; CENTER RESCUE AB First responders (FRs) present at Ground Zero within the critical first 72 h after the World Trade Center (WTC) collapse have progressively exhibited significant respiratory injury. The majority (496%) of WTC dusts were >10 mu m and no studies have examined potential health effects of this size fraction. This study sought to develop a system to generate and deliver supercoarse (10-53 mu m) WTC particles to a rat model in a manner that mimicked FR exposure scenarios. A modified Fishing Line generator was integrated onto an intratracheal inhalation (ITIH) system that allowed for a bypassing of the nasal passages so as to mimic FR exposures. Dust concentrations were measured gravimetrically; particle size distribution was measured via elutriation. Results indicate that the system could produce dusts with 23 mm mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) at levels up to >= 1200mg/m(3). To validate system utility, F344 rats were exposed for 2 h to approximate to 100 mg WTC dust/m(3). Exposed rats had significantly increased lung weight and levels of select tracer metals 1 h after exposure. Using this system, it is now possible to conduct relevant inhalation exposures to determine adverse WTC dusts impacts on the respiratory system. Furthermore, this novel integrated Fishing Line-ITIH system could potentially be used in the analyses of a wide spectrum of other dusts/pollutants of sizes previously untested or delivered to the lungs in ways that did not reflect realistic exposure scenarios. C1 [Vaughan, Joshua M.; Garrett, Brittany J.; Prophete, Colette; Horton, Lori; Sisco, Maureen; Zelikoff, Judith T.; Chen, Lung-Chi; Cohen, Mitchell D.] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. [Prophete, Colette] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Michael F Price Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Soukup, Joleen M.; Ghio, Andrew] US EPA, Human Studies Facil, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Peltier, Richard E.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Sci, Ametherst, MA USA. [Asgharian, Bahman] Appl Res Associates, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Cohen, MD (reprint author), NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, 57 Old Forge Rd, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA. EM mitchell.cohen@nyumc.org OI Chen, Lung Chi/0000-0003-1154-2107 FU CDC/NIOSH Grant [RO1OH008280]; NIEHS Center Grant [ES00260]; NIEHS [T32 ES007324-12] FX This work was supported entirely by funding from CDC/NIOSH Grant RO1OH008280 and, in part, by NIEHS Center Grant ES00260 and a predoctoral training grant for J Vaughan from NIEHS (T32 ES007324-12). The authors are alone responsible for the content and writing of the paper. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2014 VL 24 IS 1 BP 105 EP 112 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.68 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 274KJ UT WOS:000328604900015 PM 24220216 ER PT S AU Imen, S Chang, NB Yang, YJ AF Imen, S. Chang, N. B. Yang, Y. J. GP IEEE TI Spatiotemporal Monitoring of TOC Concentrations in Lake Mead with a Near Real-Time Multi-sensor Network SO 2014 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS (SMC) SE IEEE International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC) CY OCT 05-08, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE Remote Sensing; Data Fusion; Data Mining; Total Organic Carbon; Lake Mead ID ORGANIC-CARBON; REFLECTANCE; MODELS AB Forest fires, soil erosion, and land use changes in watersheds nearby Lake Mead and inflows from Las Vegas Wash into the lake are considered as sources of the lake's water quality impairment. These conditions result in higher concentration of Total Organic Carbon (TOC). TOC in contact with Chlorine which is often used for disinfection purposes of drinking water supply causes the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs). THM is one of the toxic carcinogens controlled by the EPA's disinfection by-product rule. As a result of the threat posed to the drinking water used by the 25 million people downstream, recreational area, and wildlife habitat of Lake Mead, it is necessary to develop a method for near real-time monitoring of TOC in this area. Monitoring through a limited number of ground-based monitoring stations on a weekly/monthly basis is insufficient to capture both spatial and temporal variations of water quality changes. In this study, the multi-sensor remote sensing technology linking those ground-based TOC analyzers and two satellites with the aid of data fusion and mining techniques provides us with near real time information about the spatiotemporal distribution of TOC for the entire lake on a daily basis. A data fusion method was applied to bridge the gap of poor 250/500m spatial resolution for the land bands of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imageries with the 30 m enhanced spatial resolution of Landsat's imageries which suffers from long overpass of 16 days. Consequently, near-real time Integrated Multi-sensor Fusion and Mining (IDFM) techniques produce synthetic fused images of MODIS and Landsat satellites with both high spatial and temporal resolution in order to create near-real time TOC distribution maps updated by ground-based TOC analyzers and lead to sustainable water quality management with the aid of IDFM in Lake Mead watershed. C1 [Imen, S.; Chang, N. B.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Yang, Y. J.] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Water Qual Management Branch, ORD NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Imen, S (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1062-922X BN 978-1-4799-3840-7 J9 IEEE SYS MAN CYBERN PY 2014 BP 3407 EP 3412 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BE3MJ UT WOS:000370963703089 ER PT B AU Isakov, V Snyder, M Heist, D Perry, S Burke, J Bereznicki, S Arunachalam, S Batterman, S AF Isakov, V. Snyder, M. Heist, D. Perry, S. Burke, J. Bereznicki, S. Arunachalam, Saravanan Batterman, S. CA CAAA BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Development of Model-Based Air Pollution Exposure Metrics for Use in Epidemiologic Studies SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy ID DISPERSION MODEL AB Population-based epidemiological studies of air pollution have traditionally relied upon imperfect surrogates of personal exposures, such as area-wide ambient air pollution levels based on readily available concentrations from central monitoring sites. U.S. EPA in collaboration with University of Michigan is developing and evaluating several types or tiers of exposure metrics for traffic-related and regional pollutants that differ in their modeling approaches for addressing the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of pollutant concentrations. We hypothesize that using more refined exposure estimates will provide greater power to detect associations with health outcomes, particularly for traffic-related pollutants that can vary considerably over short distances and time scales. The Near-road Exposures to Urban air pollutant Study (NEXUS) design is focused on determining if children in Detroit, MI with asthma living in close proximity to major roadways have greater health impacts associated with air pollutants than those living farther away, particularly for children living near roadways with high diesel traffic. One tier for estimating exposures to traffic-generated pollutants uses local-scale dispersion modeling. Temporally and spatially-resolved pollutant concentrations, associated with local variations of emissions and meteorology, were estimated using a combination of the AERMOD and RLINE dispersion models, local emission source information from the National Emissions Inventory, detailed road network locations and traffic activity, and meteorological data from the Detroit City Airport. Hourly pollutant concentrations for CO, NOx, PM2.5 and its components (EC and OC) were predicted at each study participant location (n = 160). The exposure metrics were evaluated in their ability to characterize the spatial and temporal variations of multiple ambient air pollutants across the study area. This research will be used for improving exposure assessments in future air pollution epidemiology studies, and for informing future multipollutant exposure analyses. C1 [Isakov, V.; Snyder, M.; Heist, D.; Perry, S.] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Burke, J.; Bereznicki, S.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Arunachalam, Saravanan] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Batterman, S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Isakov, V (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM isakov.vlad@epa.gov; sarav@email.unc.edu NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 19 EP 24 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379_3 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800003 ER PT B AU Cooter, EJ Bash, JO Benson, V Ran, LM AF Cooter, Ellen J. Bash, Jesse O. Benson, Verel Ran, Limei BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Advances in Linked Air Quality, Farm Management and Biogeochemistry Models to Address Bidirectional Ammonia Flux in CMAQ SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy ID EXCHANGE AB Recent increases in anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to air, land and water media pose a growing threat to human health and ecosystems. Modeling of air-surface N flux is one area in need of improvement. Implementation of a linked air quality and cropland management system is described, and a tool to facilitate estimation of fertilizer input information required by the air quality model is presented. Preliminary evaluation of the coupled system against observations indicates improved wet deposition estimates. C1 [Cooter, Ellen J.; Bash, Jesse O.] US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Benson, Verel] Benson Consulting, Columbia, MO USA. [Ran, Limei] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Cooter, EJ (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NERL, AMAD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Cooter.Ellen@epa.gov FU UNC Institute for the Environment [EP-D-12-044, EP-W-09-023] FX Although this work has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, it does not reflect the views and policies of the agency. FEST- C tool developed was performed by the UNC Institute for the Environment under Contracts EP-D-12-044 and EP-W-09-023. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 31 EP 35 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1__5 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800005 ER PT B AU Mathur, R Pleim, J Wong, D Hogrefe, C Xing, J Wei, C Gan, CM Binkowski, F AF Mathur, Rohit Pleim, Jonathan Wong, David Hogrefe, Christian Xing, Jia Wei, Chao Gan, Chuen-Meei Binkowski, Francis BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Investigation of Trends in Aerosol Direct Radiative Effects over North America Using a Coupled Meteorology-Chemistry Model SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy ID SYSTEM AB A comprehensive investigation of the processes regulating tropospheric aerosol distributions, their optical properties, and their radiative effects in conjunction with verification of their simulated radiative effects for past conditions relative to measurements is needed in order to build confidence in their estimates of the projected impacts on future climate. This study aims at addressing this issue through a systematic investigation of changes in anthropogenic emissions of SO2 and NOx over the past two decades in the United States, the consequent changes in anthropogenic aerosol loading in the North American troposphere, and subsequent impact on regional radiation budgets. C1 [Mathur, Rohit] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Pleim, Jonathan; Wong, David; Hogrefe, Christian; Xing, Jia; Wei, Chao; Gan, Chuen-Meei] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Binkowski, Francis] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Mathur, R (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM mathur.rohit@epa.gov; plein.jon@epa.gov; hogrefe.christian@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Energy FX This work was supported in part through an inter-Agency agreement between the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Energy. Although this work has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S. EPA, it does not reflect the views and policies of the agency. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 67 EP 72 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1_11 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800011 ER PT B AU Vennam, LP Arunachalam, S Baek, BH Omary, M Binkowski, F Olsen, S Mathur, R Vizuete, W Fleming, G AF Vennam, Lakshmi Pradeepa Arunachalam, Saravanan Baek, B. H. Omary, Mohammad Binkowski, Francis Olsen, Seth Mathur, Rohit Vizuete, William Fleming, Gregg BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI A Multiscale Modeling Study to Assess Impacts of Full-Flight Aircraft Emissions on Upper Troposphere and Surface Air Quality SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy AB Aviation is a unique anthropogenic source with 4-dimensional varying emissions, emitting 90 % of their emissions in upper troposphere at cruise altitudes (9-12 km). Aircraft emissions budgets in upper troposphere lower stratosphere (UTLS) region and their potential impacts on upper troposphere and surface air quality are not well understood. The key objective of this study is to characterize the aircraft emissions during full-flight activity in regional and hemispheric modeling scales, and assess their impacts on upper tropospheric chemistry and surface air quality. Using detailed spatio-temporal characterization of aircraft emissions along with other background emissions in the modeling domains, we studied incremental impacts of aircraft emissions focusing mainly on O-3, NOx and PM2.5 species. Comparison of modeling results with aircraft measurements showed improvement of model performance due to enhanced modeling platform and consideration of cruise altitude aviation emissions in the upper troposphere. C1 [Vennam, Lakshmi Pradeepa; Arunachalam, Saravanan; Baek, B. H.; Omary, Mohammad; Binkowski, Francis; Vizuete, William] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Olsen, Seth] Univ Illinois, Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL USA. [Mathur, Rohit] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fleming, Gregg] US DOT, Volpe Natl Transportat Syst Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Arunachalam, S (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM sarav@email.unc.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 197 EP 203 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1__32 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800032 ER PT B AU Sarwar, G Xing, J Godowitch, J Schwede, D Mathur, R AF Sarwar, Golam Xing, Jia Godowitch, James Schwede, Donna Mathur, Rohit BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Impact of RACM2, Halogen Chemistry, and Updated Ozone Deposition Velocity on Hemispheric Ozone Predictions SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy ID SYSTEM AB We incorporate the Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanism (RACM2) into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) hemispheric model and compare model predictions to those obtained using the existing Carbon Bond chemical mechanism with the updated toluene chemistry (CB05TU). The RACM2 enhances monthly mean ozone by 2-10 ppbv in polluted areas compared to the CB05TU while reducing mean ozone by 2-6 ppbv in remote areas. We develop an effective halogen reaction that can consume ozone over the gulfs and oceans. The current CMAQ model uses substantially lower ozone deposition velocity over water compared to observed data. We modify the CMAQ deposition velocity to account for the enhanced deposition due to chemical interactions between ozone and oceanic iodide. The effective halogen reaction and enhanced deposition velocity reduce monthly mean ozone by 2-8 ppbv over water. The majority of the reduction occurs via the halogen reaction. A comparison of model predictions with available observed profile reveals that the RACM2 over-predicts surface ozone in polluted areas while improving the comparison in remote areas. Model predictions with the halogen chemistry and enhanced deposition velocity compare better with the observed data. C1 [Sarwar, Golam; Xing, Jia; Godowitch, James; Schwede, Donna] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mathur, Rohit] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Sarwar, G (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sarwar.golam@epa.gov; mathur.rohit@epa.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 247 EP 251 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1__40 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800040 ER PT B AU Pouliot, G Keating, T Maenhout, G Chang, C Beidler, J Cleary, R AF Pouliot, George Keating, Terry Maenhout, Greet Chang, Charles Beidler, James Cleary, Ryan BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI The Incorporation of the US National Emission Inventory into Version 2 of the Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollutants Inventory SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy AB EPA's 2008 National Emission Inventory has been incorporated into version 2 of the Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollutants Inventory. This work involves the creation of a detailed mapping of EPA Source Classification Codes (SCC) to the International Nomenclature for Reporting System (NFR). The mapping of SCC codes to the NFR system allows for comparison of USA emission inventories with other national inventories on a consistent basis. We summarize the emission estimates for 2008 and 2010 and provide a useful reference for linking USA inventories to Global inventories for use in regional and global chemical transport models. C1 [Pouliot, George] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Keating, Terry] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Off Policy Anal & Review, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Maenhout, Greet] Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Ispra, Italy. [Chang, Charles; Beidler, James; Cleary, Ryan] Comp Sci Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pouliot, G (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pouliot.george@epa.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1__43 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800043 ER PT B AU Foley, KM Hogrefe, C Pouliot, GA Roselle, SJ Possiel, N Simon, H Timin, B AF Foley, Kristen M. Hogrefe, Christian Pouliot, George A. Roselle, Shawn J. Possiel, Norm Simon, Heather Timin, Brian BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Dynamic Evaluation of the CMAQv5.0 Modeling System: Assessing the Model's Ability to Simulate Ozone Changes Due to NOx Emission Reductions SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy ID AIR-QUALITY AB Regional air quality models are frequently used for regulatory applications to predict changes in air quality due to changes in emissions or changes in meteorology. Dynamic model evaluation is thus an important step in establishing credibility in the model predicted pollutant response. Beginning in 2003, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency required substantial reductions in NOx emissions from power plants in the eastern U.S. which resulted in a decrease in ozone concentrations at monitoring sites in this region. This observable change in air quality has been used previously as a case study for dynamic evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. Evaluation studies of previous CMAQ versions have shown that the model predicted decrease in ozone from 2002 to 2005 is less than the observed ozone change in this region. In this study, summertime simulations of 2002 and 2005 were conducted using the CMAQ version 5.0 modeling system released in 2012 that included several model updates aimed at improving the model predicted response, including updates to important model inputs. "Cross" simulations were conducted to separate the modeled impact of the emissions changes on ozone concentrations from the changes attributable to differences in meteorology across these years. Results show the change in the upper end of the ozone distribution explained by emission reductions is similar in magnitude to the change in ozone due to changes in meteorology across these years. Overall, the observed ozone decrease in the eastern U.S. continues to be underestimated by the model at both urban and rural monitoring sites. C1 [Foley, Kristen M.; Hogrefe, Christian; Pouliot, George A.; Roselle, Shawn J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Possiel, Norm; Simon, Heather; Timin, Brian] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Air Qual Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Foley, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Foley.Kristen@epa.gov; Hogrefe.Christian@epa.gov; Pouliot.George@epa.gov; Roselle.Shawn@epa.gov; Possiel.Norm@epa.gov; Simon.Heather@epa.gov; Timin.Brian@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through it Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 433 EP 438 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1_71 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800071 ER PT B AU Yarwood, G Emery, C Baker, K Dolwick, P AF Yarwood, Greg Emery, Chris Baker, Kirk Dolwick, Pat BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Resolving and Quantifying Ozone Contributions from Boundary Conditions Within Regional Models SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy AB In regional model simulations, ozone introduced by boundary conditions (BCs) is important to model performance, model sensitivity and for policy reasons such as transport assessments. Quantitatively tracking the contribution of ozone BCs throughout a regional model is highly desirable. A simple and efficient solution is to add a tracer (O3BC) to the regional model simulation with a source term equal to the ozone BC. However, it is also necessary to model the removal of O3BC by deposition and chemistry. Modeling tracer deposition is relatively straightforward but modeling the photochemical removal of O3BC is complex. We developed a chemical mechanism for the photochemical removal of O3BC that is compact, represents all major removal pathways (i.e., photolysis, reactions with HOx radicals), accounts for important dependencies on NO, and can be implemented as an extension of the main gas-phase chemical mechanism. The method provides great flexibility by permitting O3BC to be factored into components that are then tracked independently. Example components of potential interest are different lateral boundaries segments (north vs. south boundary, etc.), altitude segments (boundary layer vs. free troposphere vs. stratosphere) and geographic origin (e.g., Asia vs. North America vs. Europe). Information about the geographic origin of O3BC can be derived from global model sensitivity simulations. The method is implemented in the CAMx regional model by using an existing model option to add reactive tracers (RTRAC) with complex chemistry. The method is applied and evaluated in simulations for continental North America. C1 [Yarwood, Greg; Emery, Chris] ENVIRON Int Corp, Novato, CA 94998 USA. [Baker, Kirk; Dolwick, Pat] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Yarwood, G (reprint author), ENVIRON Int Corp, Novato, CA 94998 USA. EM gyarwood@environcorp.com; cemery@environcorp.com; baker.kirk@epa.gov; dolwick.pat@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP-S-12-044] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under contract EP-S-12-044 work assignment 1-10. The views expressed are those of the authors. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 445 EP 450 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1_73 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800073 ER PT B AU Hogrefe, C Galmarini, S Roselle, S Mathur, R AF Hogrefe, Christian Galmarini, Stefano Roselle, Shawn Mathur, Rohit BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI AQMEII Phase 2: Overview andWRF-CMAQ Application Over North America SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy ID AIR-QUALITY AB In this study, we provide an overview of the second phase of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII). Activities in this phase are focused on the application and evaluation of coupled meteorology-chemistry models. Participating modeling systems are being applied for annual simulations over both North America and Europe using common emissions and boundary conditions. We present an overview of these common input datasets. In addition, we discuss some of the planned analysis approaches using WRF-CMAQ simulations performed over North America for both 2006 and 2010. C1 [Hogrefe, Christian; Roselle, Shawn] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Mail Drop E243-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Galmarini, Stefano] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Tp441, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Mathur, Rohit] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hogrefe, C (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Mail Drop E243-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hogrefe.christian@epa.gov; stefano.galmarini@jrc.ec.europa.eu; roselle.shawn@epa.gov; mathur.rohit@epa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 463 EP 466 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1_76 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800076 ER PT B AU Pleim, J Gilliam, R Appel, W Godowitch, J Wong, D Pouliot, G Ran, LM AF Pleim, Jonathan Gilliam, Robert Appel, Wyat Godowitch, James Wong, David Pouliot, George Ran, Limei BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Application and Evaluation of High-Resolution WRF-CMAQ with Simple Urban Parameterization SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy ID SYSTEM AB The 2-way coupled WRF-CMAQ meteorology and air quality modeling system is evaluated for high-resolution applications by comparing to a regional air quality field study (DISCOVER-AQ). The model was modified to better account for the effects of urban environments. High-resolution spatial data for fractions of impervious surfaces and tree canopy from the National Land-Cover Database (NLCD) were processed for each grid and used to scale ground heat capacity and to constrain vegetation coverage and characteristics. These simple algorithms along with modified albedo and roughness length in urban areas result in improved simulation of urban heat island and urban boundary layers. The reduced nocturnal stability and enhanced vertical mixing lead to reduced temperature and humidity biases and reduced under-predictions of ozone concentrations in urban areas. C1 [Pleim, Jonathan; Gilliam, Robert; Appel, Wyat; Godowitch, James; Wong, David; Pouliot, George] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Ran, Limei] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Pleim, J (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleim.jon@epa.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 489 EP 493 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1_80 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800080 ER PT B AU Neu, JL Osterman, G Eldering, A Pinder, R McQueen, J Tang, YH AF Neu, Jessica L. Osterman, Gregory Eldering, Annmarie Pinder, Rob McQueen, Jeff Tang, Youhua BE Steyn, D Mathur, R TI Evaluating the Vertical Distribution of Ozone and Its Relationship to Pollution Events in Air Quality Models Using Satellite Data SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIII SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd International Technical Meeting (ITM) on Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application CY AUG 27-31, 2013 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Miami, FL SP Univ British Columbia, Environm Canada HO US Environm Protect Agcy AB Most regional scale models that are used for air quality forecasts and ozone source attribution do not adequately capture the distribution of ozone in the mid-and upper troposphere, but it is unclear how this shortcoming relates to their ability to simulate surface ozone. We combine ozone profile data from the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) and a new joint product from TES and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument along with ozonesonde measurements and EPA AirNow ground station ozone data to examine air quality events during August 2006 in the Community Multi-Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) and National Air Quality Forecast Capability (NAQFC) models. We present both aggregated statistics and case-study analyses with the goal of assessing the relationship between the models' ability to reproduce surface air quality events and their ability to capture the vertical distribution of ozone. We find that the models lack the mid-tropospheric ozone variability seen in TES and the ozonesonde data, and discuss future work to determine the conditions under which this variability appears to be important for surface air quality. C1 [Neu, Jessica L.; Osterman, Gregory; Eldering, Annmarie] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Earth Atmospher Sci Div, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Pinder, Rob] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McQueen, Jeff; Tang, Youhua] Natl Weather Service, NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD 20748 USA. RP Neu, JL (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Earth Atmospher Sci Div, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM jessica.l.neu@jpl.nasa.gov; gregory.b.osterman@jpl.nasa.gov; annmarie.eldering@jpl.nasa.gov; pinder.rob@epa.gov; jeff.mcqueen@noaa.gov; youhua.tang@noaa.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-319-04379-1; 978-3-319-04378-4 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2014 BP 575 EP 580 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1__95 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG8LE UT WOS:000392403800095 ER PT J AU Dye, J Ledbetter, A Schladweiler, M Winsett, D Kodavanti, U AF Dye, J. Ledbetter, A. Schladweiler, M. Winsett, D. Kodavanti, U. TI Use Of Flow Whole Body Plethysmography (fwbp) To Assess Rat Strain Differential Airway Responsiveness (ar) And Its Influence On Ozone (o3) Dosimetry SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 108th International Congress of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Dye, J.; Ledbetter, A.; Schladweiler, M.; Winsett, D.; Kodavanti, U.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A1673 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838200661 ER PT J AU Ghio, A Pavlisko, E Roglli, V AF Ghio, A. Pavlisko, E. Roglli, V. TI Iron And Iron-Related Proteins In Asbestosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ghio, A.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Pavlisko, E.; Roglli, V.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A3134 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838202411 ER PT J AU Ghio, A Tong, H Soukup, JM Dailey, L Kesic, M AF Ghio, A. Tong, H. Soukup, J. M. Dailey, L. Kesic, M. TI Wood Smoke Particle Sequesters Mitochondrial Iron SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 108th International Congress of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Ghio, A.; Tong, H.; Soukup, J. M.; Dailey, L.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kesic, M.] Methodist Univ, Fayetteville, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A1672 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838200660 ER PT J AU Kodavanti, UP Bass, VL Schladweiler, MC Gordon, CJ Jarema, KA Phillips, P Ledbetter, AD Miller, DB Snow, S Richards, JE AF Kodavanti, U. P. Bass, V. L. Schladweiler, M. C. Gordon, C. J. Jarema, K. A. Phillips, P. Ledbetter, A. D. Miller, D. B. Snow, S. Richards, J. E. TI Influence Of High Carbohydrate Versus High Fat Diet In Ozone Induced Pulmonary Injury And Systemic Metabolic Impairment In A Brown Norway (bn) Rat Model Of Healthy Aging SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 108th International Congress of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Kodavanti, U. P.; Bass, V. L.; Schladweiler, M. C.; Gordon, C. J.; Jarema, K. A.; Phillips, P.; Ledbetter, A. D.; Richards, J. E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Miller, D. B.; Snow, S.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A1685 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838200673 ER PT J AU McCullouhgh, SD Duncan, KE Swanton, SM Dailey, LA Diaz-Sanchez, D Devlin, RB AF McCullouhgh, S. D. Duncan, K. E. Swanton, S. M. Dailey, L. A. Diaz-Sanchez, D. Devlin, R. B. TI Ozone Induces Lung Epithelial Cell Inflammation Through Map Kinase Activation Without Nf-kappa b Activation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McCullouhgh, S. D.; Swanton, S. M.; Dailey, L. A.; Diaz-Sanchez, D.; Devlin, R. B.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Duncan, K. E.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM mccullough.shaun@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A3435 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838202711 ER PT J AU Miller, DB Bass, VL Andrews, D Richards, JE Snowe, SJ Schladweiler, MJ Ledbetter, AD Kodavanti, UP AF Miller, D. B. Bass, V. L. Andrews, D. Richards, J. E. Snowe, S. J. Schladweiler, M. J. Ledbetter, A. D. Kodavanti, U. P. TI Ozone-Induced Metabolic Impairment Is Attenuated In Adrenalectomized Wistar Kyoto Rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 108th International Congress of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Miller, D. B.; Bass, V. L.] Univ Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Andrews, D.; Richards, J. E.; Snowe, S. J.; Schladweiler, M. J.; Ledbetter, A. D.; Kodavanti, U. P.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A1686 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838200674 ER PT J AU Nichols, JL McCaw, ZR Verhein, KC Gladwell, W Bushel, P Kleeberger, S AF Nichols, J. L. McCaw, Z. R. Verhein, K. C. Gladwell, W. Bushel, P. Kleeberger, S. TI Genomic Analysis Of Postnatal Lung Development And Characterization Of Susceptibility To Hyperoxic Lung Injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nichols, J. L.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McCaw, Z. R.; Verhein, K. C.; Gladwell, W.; Bushel, P.; Kleeberger, S.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A6631 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838206429 ER PT J AU Silbajoris, R Wages, P Speen, A Dailey, LA Simmons, S Bromberg, PA Samet, JM AF Silbajoris, R. Wages, P. Speen, A. Dailey, L. A. Simmons, S. Bromberg, P. A. Samet, J. M. TI The Ubiquitous Pm Component Zinc Induces Ho-1 Expression Through Multiple Targets In The Nrf2/keap1 Signaling Pathway SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 108th International Congress of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Silbajoris, R.; Dailey, L. A.; Samet, J. M.] US EPA, NHEERL, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wages, P.; Speen, A.; Bromberg, P. A.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Simmons, S.] US EPA, NHEERL, RTP, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A1667 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838200655 ER PT J AU Snow, SJ Miller, DB Bass, VL Schladweiler, MC Ledbetter, AD Richards, JE Andrews, D Gordon, CJ Kodavanti, UP AF Snow, S. J. Miller, D. B. Bass, V. L. Schladweiler, M. C. Ledbetter, A. D. Richards, J. E. Andrews, D. Gordon, C. J. Kodavanti, U. P. TI The Role Of Underlying Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Obesity In Ozone-Induced Pulmonary Injury And Metabolic Impairment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 108th International Congress of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Snow, S. J.; Miller, D. B.; Bass, V. L.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Schladweiler, M. C.; Ledbetter, A. D.; Richards, J. E.; Andrews, D.; Gordon, C. J.; Kodavanti, U. P.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM sjsnow@email.unc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A1684 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838200672 ER PT J AU Tong, H Rappold, AG Caughey, M Hinderliter, AL Case, M Berntsen, J Cascio, WE Diaz-Sanchez, D Devlin, RB Samet, JM AF Tong, H. Rappold, A. G. Caughey, M. Hinderliter, A. L. Case, M. Berntsen, J. Cascio, W. E. Diaz-Sanchez, D. Devlin, R. B. Samet, J. M. TI Olive Oil Supplements Ameliorate Endothelial Dysfunction Caused By Concentrated Ambient Particulate Matter Exposure In Healthy Human Volunteers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tong, H.; Rappold, A. G.; Case, M.; Cascio, W. E.; Diaz-Sanchez, D.; Devlin, R. B.; Samet, J. M.] US EPA, Durham, NC USA. [Caughey, M.; Hinderliter, A. L.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Berntsen, J.] TRC Environm Corp, Raleigh, NC USA. EM tong.haiyan@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A2446 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838201605 ER PT J AU Verhein, KC Nichols, JL Panduri, V Gladwell, W Marzec, J McCaw, Z Reeves, N Malphurs, J Solomon, G Wiltshire, T Burkholder, A Fargo, D Bell, D Van Houten, B Kleeberger, SR AF Verhein, K. C. Nichols, J. L. Panduri, V. Gladwell, W. Marzec, J. McCaw, Z. Reeves, N. Malphurs, J. Solomon, G. Wiltshire, T. Burkholder, A. Fargo, D. Bell, D. Van Houten, B. Kleeberger, S. R. TI Genetic Determinants Of Oxidant-Induced Nuclear And Mitochondrial Dna Lesions In A Neonatal Inbred Mouse Model Of Acute Lung Injury SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Verhein, K. C.; Panduri, V.; Gladwell, W.; Marzec, J.; McCaw, Z.; Reeves, N.; Malphurs, J.; Solomon, G.; Burkholder, A.; Fargo, D.; Bell, D.; Kleeberger, S. R.] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Nichols, J. L.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wiltshire, T.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Van Houten, B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. EM verheinkc@niehs.nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A3816 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838203188 ER PT J AU Willis, M Madden, MC Schisler, J Campen, MJ AF Willis, M. Madden, M. C. Schisler, J. Campen, M. J. TI Inflammatory Transcriptional Endothelial Biosensor Response To Diesel-Induced Plasma Compositional Changes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 108th International Congress of the American-Thoracic-Society CY MAY 16-21, 2014 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Willis, M.; Schisler, J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Madden, M. C.] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Campen, M. J.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2014 VL 189 MA A1674 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA V45TF UT WOS:000209838200662 ER PT J AU Holliday, KM Avery, CL Poole, C McGraw, K Williams, R Liao, DP Smith, RL Whitsel, EA AF Holliday, Katelyn M. Avery, Christy L. Poole, Charles McGraw, Kathleen Williams, Ronald Liao, Duanping Smith, Richard L. Whitsel, Eric A. TI Estimating Personal Exposures from Ambient Air Pollution Measures Using Meta-Analysis to Assess Measurement Error SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; PARTICULATE MATTER EXPOSURE; OUTDOOR CONCENTRATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; PUBLICATION BIAS; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; INDOOR; METAANALYSIS; PARTICLES AB Background: Although ambient concentrations of particulate matter 10 m (PM10) are often used as proxies for total personal exposure, correlation (r) between ambient and personal PM10 concentrations varies. Factors underlying this variation and its effect on health outcome-PM exposure relationships remain poorly understood. Methods: We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate effects of study, participant, and environmental factors on r; used the estimates to impute personal exposure from ambient PM10 concentrations among 4,012 nonsmoking, participants with diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trial; and then estimated the associations of ambient and imputed personal PM10 concentrations with electrocardiographic measures, such as heart rate variability. Results: We identified 15 studies (in years 1990-2009) of 342 participants in five countries. The median r was 0.46 (range = 0.13 to 0.72). There was little evidence of funnel plot asymmetry but substantial heterogeneity of r, which increased 0.05 (95% confidence interval = 0.01 to 0.09) per 10 mu g/m(3) increase in mean ambient PM10 concentration. Substituting imputed personal exposure for ambient PM10 concentrations shifted mean percent changes in electrocardiographic measures per 10 mu g/m(3) increase in exposure away from the null and decreased their precision, for example, -2.0% (-4.6% to 0.7%) versus -7.9% (-15.9% to 0.9%), for the standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR interval duration. Conclusions: Analogous distributions and heterogeneity of r in extant meta-analyses of ambient and personal PM2.5 concentrations suggest that observed shifts in mean percent change and decreases in precision may be generalizable across particle size. C1 [Holliday, Katelyn M.; Avery, Christy L.; Poole, Charles; McGraw, Kathleen; Williams, Ronald; Liao, Duanping; Smith, Richard L.; Whitsel, Eric A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Holliday, Katelyn M.; Avery, Christy L.; Poole, Charles; Whitsel, Eric A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [McGraw, Kathleen] Univ N Carolina, Hlth Sci Lib, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Williams, Ronald] US EPA, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Liao, Duanping] Penn State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA USA. [Smith, Richard L.] Stat & Math Sci Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Smith, Richard L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Stat & Operat Res, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Whitsel, Eric A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Holliday, KM (reprint author), UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Cardiovasc Dis Program, 137 E Franklin St,Suite 306, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM khausman@email.unc.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R01-ES012238]; National Research Service Award from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI); US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) [T32-HL007055]; NHLBI/DHHS [HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C]; SAMSI grant, NSF [DMS 0635449] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant R01-ES012238) and a National Research Service Award from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS; grant T32-HL007055 to K. M. H.). The NHLBI/DHHS also funded the Women's Health Initiative program (contracts HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, and HHSN268201100004C). R. L. S. received funding from a SAMSI grant, NSF-DMS 0635449. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 20 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1044-3983 EI 1531-5487 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2014 VL 25 IS 1 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000006 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 268XW UT WOS:000328205200009 PM 24220191 ER PT B AU Beck, MB AF Beck, M. Bruce BE Boumans, M Hon, G Petersen, AC TI HANDLING UNCERTAINTY IN ENVIRONMENTAL MODELS AT THE SCIENCE-POLICY-SOCIETY INTERFACES SO ERROR AND UNCERTAINTY IN SCIENTIFIC PRACTICE SE History and Philosophy of Technoscience LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Beck, M. Bruce] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Environm Syst & Water Qual, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Beck, M. Bruce] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Beck, MB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Environm Syst & Water Qual, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-317-31948-1; 978-1-84893-416-0 J9 HIST PHILOS TECHNOSC PY 2014 IS 1 BP 97 EP 135 PG 39 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA BF6MF UT WOS:000383279900006 ER PT J AU Zhang, GS Zhang, YC Nadagouda, M Han, C O'Shea, K El-Sheikh, SM Ismail, AA Dionysiou, DD AF Zhang, Geshan Zhang, Yong Cai Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna Han, Changseok O'Shea, Kevin El-Sheikh, Said M. Ismail, Adel A. Dionysiou, Dionysios D. TI Visible light-sensitized S, N and C co-doped polymorphic TiO2 for photocatalytic destruction of microcystin-LR SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE S, N and C co-doped polymorphic TiO2; Sol-gel method; Thiourea; Visible light-sensitized; Microcystin-LR ID MICRO-RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; SOLVOTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; NANOCRYSTALLINE TIO2; PHONON CONFINEMENT; MESOPOROUS TIO2; CARBON; DEGRADATION; WATER; FILMS AB Motivated from the increasing environmental concerns associated with the formation of cyanotoxins released by cyanobacteria in waters, this study focused on the synthesis and evaluation of visible light-sensitized S, N and C co-doped polymorphic titanium dioxide (CDPM-TiO2) nanoparticles for photocatalytic destruction of microcystin-LR, one of the most common and toxic cyanotoxins. The CDPM-TiO2, containing anatase, brookite and rutile phase, was synthesized using a modified sal-gel method followed by calcination at 300-600 degrees C. Thiourea was utilized as a precursor for the dopants. This work took the initiative to have detailed characterization on the co-doped polymorphic TiO2 by several techniques and utilize the CDPM-TiO2 on cyanotoxin treatment. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of CDPM-TiO2 samples were highly dependent on the calcination temperature. The CDPM-TiO2 sample calcined at 300 degrees C (CDPM300) exhibited better physicochemical characters including higher surface area and stronger photo-absorption in the visible light region. The sulfur dopant was attributed to S6+ species; nitrogen was ascribed to interstitial N; carbon was assigned to the Ti-O-C bond. Moreover, CDPM300 showed highest photocatalytic activity for microcystin-LR destruction under visible light irradiation among all CDPM-TiO2 nanoparticles, which can be considered as a promising demonstration of such visible light-sensitized photocatalysts in the treatment of an important cyanotoxin in water. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Geshan; Han, Changseok; Dionysiou, Dionysios D.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Zhang, Yong Cai] Yangzhou Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Yangzhou 225002, Peoples R China. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [O'Shea, Kevin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [El-Sheikh, Said M.; Ismail, Adel A.] Cent Met R&D Inst, Cairo 11421, Egypt. RP Dionysiou, DD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn & Sci Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu RI El-Sheikh, Said/S-5877-2016 OI El-Sheikh, Said/0000-0002-2570-8326 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-3148-1-152]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) Scholarships [2009617129] FX This US-Egypt collaborative work is funded by U.S. Department of Agriculture (58-3148-1-152). We are thankful to China Scholarship Council (CSC) Scholarships (2009617129) for the partially financial support. NR 66 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 8 U2 150 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 EI 1873-3883 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD JAN PY 2014 VL 144 BP 614 EP 621 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.07.058 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 261SZ UT WOS:000327686200073 ER PT S AU Zucker, RM AF Zucker, Robert M. BE Paddock, SW TI Evaluating Confocal Microscopy System Performance SO CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS, 2ND EDITION SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Confocal microscope; Lasers; Coefficient of variation; Photo multiplier tubes; Field illumination; Axial resolution; Spectral registration; Laser stability; Beads; Microscope lenses; Quality assurance; Quantification; Spectroscopy ID SPECTRAL IMAGING-SYSTEMS; SLIDE-BASED SYSTEMS; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; MORPHOLOGY; APOPTOSIS; IMAGES AB A confocal microscope was evaluated with a series of tests that measure field illumination, lens clarity, laser power, laser stability, dichroic functionality, spectral registration, axial resolution, scanning stability, PMT quality, overall machine stability, and system noise. These tests will help investigators measure various parameters on their confocal microscopes to insure that they are working correctly with the necessary resolution, sensitivity, and precision. Utilization of this proposed testing approach will help eliminate some of the subjectivity currently employed in assessing the CLSM performance. C1 US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Ce Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Zucker, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Ce Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-58829-351-0; 978-1-60761-847-8 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2014 VL 1075 BP 321 EP 374 DI 10.1007/978-1-60761-847-8_17 D2 10.1007/978-1-60761-847-8 PG 54 WC Microscopy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Microscopy; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BIE12 UT WOS:000327800100018 PM 24052361 ER PT J AU Dillon, ME Frazier, MR AF Dillon, Michael E. Frazier, Melanie R. TI Thermodynamics Constrains Allometric Scaling of Optimal Development Time in Insects SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT TIME; BASAL METABOLIC-RATE; BODY-SIZE; ONTOGENIC GROWTH; GENERAL-MODEL; INCUBATION-TEMPERATURE; INDEPENDENT CONTRASTS; REGRESSION EQUATIONS; AQUATIC INSECTS; 3/4-POWER LAW AB Development time is a critical life-history trait that has profound effects on organism fitness and on population growth rates. For ectotherms, development time is strongly influenced by temperature and is predicted to scale with body mass to the quarter power based on 1) the ontogenetic growth model of the metabolic theory of ecology which describes a bioenergetic balance between tissue maintenance and growth given the scaling relationship between metabolism and body size, and 2) numerous studies, primarily of vertebrate endotherms, that largely support this prediction. However, few studies have investigated the allometry of development time among invertebrates, including insects. Abundant data on development of diverse insects provides an ideal opportunity to better understand the scaling of development time in this ecologically and economically important group. Insects develop more quickly at warmer temperatures until reaching a minimum development time at some optimal temperature, after which development slows. We evaluated the allometry of insect development time by compiling estimates of minimum development time and optimal developmental temperature for 361 insect species from 16 orders with body mass varying over nearly 6 orders of magnitude. Allometric scaling exponents varied with the statistical approach: standardized major axis regression supported the predicted quarter-power scaling relationship, but ordinary and phylogenetic generalized least squares did not. Regardless of the statistical approach, body size alone explained less than 28% of the variation in development time. Models that also included optimal temperature explained over 50% of the variation in development time. Warm-adapted insects developed more quickly, regardless of body size, supporting the "hotter is better'' hypothesis that posits that ectotherms have a limited ability to evolutionarily compensate for the depressing effects of low temperatures on rates of biological processes. The remaining unexplained variation in development time likely reflects additional ecological and evolutionary differences among insect species. C1 [Dillon, Michael E.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Dillon, Michael E.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Frazier, Melanie R.] US EPA, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR USA. RP Dillon, ME (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM Michael.Dillon@uwyo.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [AMI/GEOSS EP08D00051]; NHEERL FX MRF was supported by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency post-doctoral fellowships (AMI/GEOSS EP08D00051 and NHEERL) during the completion of the project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 44 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 31 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e84308 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084308 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 284MV UT WOS:000329323900078 PM 24391935 ER PT J AU Lane, DR Ready, RC Buddemeier, RW Martinich, JA Shouse, KC Wobus, CW AF Lane, Diana R. Ready, Richard C. Buddemeier, Robert W. Martinich, Jeremy A. Shouse, Kate Cardamone Wobus, Cameron W. TI Quantifying and Valuing Potential Climate Change Impacts on Coral Reefs in the United States: Comparison of Two Scenarios SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; BENEFIT TRANSFER; FLORIDA-KEYS; FUTURE; MODEL; METAANALYSIS; ECOSYSTEMS; VALUES AB The biological and economic values of coral reefs are highly vulnerable to increasing atmospheric and ocean carbon dioxide concentrations. We applied the COMBO simulation model (COral Mortality and Bleaching Output) to three major U.S. locations for shallow water reefs: South Florida, Puerto Rico, and Hawaii. We compared estimates of future coral cover from 2000 to 2100 for a "business as usual" (BAU) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenario with a GHG mitigation policy scenario involving full international participation in reducing GHG emissions. We also calculated the economic value of changes in coral cover using a benefit transfer approach based on published studies of consumers' recreational values for snorkeling and diving on coral reefs as well as existence values for coral reefs. Our results suggest that a reduced emissions scenario would provide a large benefit to shallow water reefs in Hawaii by delaying or avoiding potential future bleaching events. For Hawaii, reducing emissions is projected to result in an estimated "avoided loss" from 2000 to 2100 of approximately $10.6 billion in recreational use values compared to a BAU scenario. However, reducing emissions is projected to provide only a minor economic benefit in Puerto Rico and South Florida, where sea-surface temperatures are already close to bleaching thresholds and coral cover is projected to drop well below 5% cover under both scenarios by 2050, and below 1% cover under both scenarios by 2100. C1 [Lane, Diana R.; Wobus, Cameron W.] Stratus Consulting Inc, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Ready, Richard C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Rural Sociol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Buddemeier, Robert W.] Kansas Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66044 USA. [Martinich, Jeremy A.; Shouse, Kate Cardamone] US EPA, Climate Change Div 6207J, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Lane, DR (reprint author), Stratus Consulting Inc, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. EM dlane@stratusconsulting.com OI Wobus, Cameron/0000-0002-9654-1738 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Office of Air and Radiation [EP-W-07-072] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Office of Air and Radiation, under contract EP-W-07-072 (http://www.epa.gov/climatechange). The EPA co-authors provided substantial contributions to this work, including technical oversight of the project conception and design, analysis of the data, drafting and critical review of the manuscript, and support of the decision to submit the paper to this journal. The views expressed in this document are solely those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect those of the Agency. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 107 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 31 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 12 AR e82579 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0082579 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 284NF UT WOS:000329325200014 PM 24391717 ER PT J AU Belova, A Greco, SL Riederer, AM Olsho, LEW Corrales, MA AF Belova, Anna Greco, Susan L. Riederer, Anne M. Olsho, Lauren E. W. Corrales, Mark A. TI A Method to screen U. S. environmental biomonitoring data for race/ethnicity and income-related disparity SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Environmental justice; Race; Ethnicity; Income; Metals; Dichlorophenol; Phthalates; NHANES; Biomonitoring ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; US POPULATION; PHTHALATE METABOLITES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; NHANES 1999-2004; AIR TOXICS; BLOOD LEAD; EXPOSURE AB Background: Environmental biomonitoring data provide one way to examine race/ethnicity and income-related exposure disparity and identify potential environmental justice concerns. Methods: We screened U. S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2008 biomonitoring data for 228 chemicals for race/ethnicity and income-related disparity. We defined six subgroups by race/ethnicity-Mexican American, non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white-and income-Low Income: poverty income ratio (PIR) < 2, High Income: PIR = 2. We assessed disparity by comparing the central tendency (geometric mean [ GM]) of the biomonitoring concentrations of each subgroup to that of the reference subgroup (non-Hispanic white/High Income), adjusting for multiple comparisons using the Holm-Bonferroni procedure. Results: There were sufficient data to estimate at least one geometric mean ratio (GMR) for 108 chemicals; 37 had at least one GMR statistically different from one. There was evidence of potential environmental justice concern (GMR significantly > 1) for 12 chemicals: cotinine; antimony; lead; thallium; 2,4-and 2,5-dichlorophenol; p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; methyl and propyl paraben; and mono-ethyl, mono-isobutyl, and mono-n-butyl phthalate. There was also evidence of GMR significantly < 1 for 25 chemicals (of which 17 were polychlorinated biphenyls). Conclusions: Although many of our results were consistent with the U. S. literature, findings relevant to environmental justice were novel for dichlorophenols and some metals. C1 [Belova, Anna; Greco, Susan L.] Abt Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Riederer, Anne M.] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Olsho, Lauren E. W.] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Corrales, Mark A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Belova, A (reprint author), Abt Associates Inc, 4550 Montgomery Ave,Suite 800 North, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM Anna_Belova@abtassoc.com FU U. S. EPA and Abt Associates' Daniel McGillis Development and Dissemination Grant Program FX This work was funded through U. S. EPA and Abt Associates' Daniel McGillis Development and Dissemination Grant Program. We are thankful to Abt Fellows Stephen Kennedy, Jacob Klerman, Bill Rhodes, and David Judkins for useful comments and to Amanda Schwantes, Lisa Mayo, and Diane Ferguson for editorial assistance. NR 76 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD DEC 19 PY 2013 VL 12 AR 114 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-12-114 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 297WK UT WOS:000330285600002 PM 24354733 ER PT J AU Blaine, AC Rich, CD Hundal, LS Lau, C Mills, MA Harris, KM Higgins, CP AF Blaine, Andrea C. Rich, Courtney D. Hundal, Lakhwinder S. Lau, Christopher Mills, Marc A. Harris, Kimberly M. Higgins, Christopher P. TI Uptake of Perfluoroalkyl Acids into Edible Crops via Land Applied Biosolids: Field and Greenhouse Studies SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WATER TREATMENT PLANTS; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; POLYFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; SOIL; SUBSTANCES; PERFLUOROCHEMICALS; XENOBIOTICS; SEDIMENTS AB The presence of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in biosolids destined for use in agriculture has raised concerns about their potential to enter the terrestrial food chain via bioaccumulation in edible plants. Uptake of PFAAs by greenhouse lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum) grown in an industrially impacted biosolids-amended soil, a municipal biosolids-amended soil, and a control soil was measured. Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated for the edible portions of both lettuce and tomato. Dry weight concentrations observed in lettuce grown in a soil amended (biosolids:soil dry weight ratio of 1:10) with PFAA industrially contaminated biosolids were up to 266 and 236 ng/g for perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), respectively, and reached 56 and 211 ng/g for PFBA and PFPeA in tomato, respectively. BAFs for many PFAAs were well above unity, with PFBA having the highest BAF in lettuce (56.8) and PFPeA the highest in tomato (17.1). In addition, the BAFs for PFAAs in greenhouse lettuce decreased approximately 0.3 log units per CF2 group. A limited-scale field study was conducted to verify greenhouse findings. The greatest accumulation was seen for PFBA and PFPeA in both field-grown lettuce and tomato; BAFs for PFBA were highest in both crops. PFAA levels measured in lettuce and tomato grown in field soil amended with only a single application of biosolids (at an agronomic rate for nitrogen) were predominantly below the limit of quantitation (LOO). In addition, corn (Zea mays) stover, corn grains, and soil were collected from several full-scale biosolids-amended farm fields. At these fields, all PFAAs were below the LOQ in the corn grains and only trace amounts of PFBA and PFPeA were detected in the corn stover. This study confirms that the bioaccumulation of PFAAs from biosolids-amended soils depends strongly on PFAA concentrations, soil properties, the type of crop, and analyte. C1 [Blaine, Andrea C.; Rich, Courtney D.; Higgins, Christopher P.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hundal, Lakhwinder S.] Metropolitan Water Reclamat Dist Greater Chicago, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Lau, Christopher; Mills, Marc A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Harris, Kimberly M.] US EPA Reg 5, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. RP Higgins, CP (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM chiggins@mines.edu RI Higgins, Christopher/B-1836-2010; Mills, Marc/C-3449-2017 OI Higgins, Christopher/0000-0001-6220-8673; Mills, Marc/0000-0002-0169-3086 FU RARE grant from the U.S. EPA; Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago; New Lenox Wastewater Department FX This research was funded by a RARE grant from the U.S. EPA and was supported by efforts from the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago and the New Lenox Wastewater Department. We appreciate the help of various U.S. EPA staff and, in particular, Lee Thomas (Region 4), Carole Braverman, Bradley Grams, Gerald Golubski, Kenneth Gunter, Erin Newman, Thomas Poy, David Schroeder (Region 5), Andy Lindstrom, Mark Strynar, and John Washington (ORD). We also acknowledge the help of Erin Sedlacko, Lisa Kudryk, Amanda Hering, and Karen Kazor from CSM. NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 10 U2 70 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 24 BP 14062 EP 14069 DI 10.1021/es403094q PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 277CT UT WOS:000328796900021 PM 24206563 ER PT J AU Betts, AR Chen, N Hamilton, JG Peak, D AF Betts, Aaron R. Chen, Ning Hamilton, Jordan G. Peak, Derek TI Rates and Mechanisms of Zn2+ Adsorption on a Meat and Bonemeal Biochar SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SMELTER-CONTAMINATED SOIL; EXAFS SPECTROSCOPY; MINERAL APATITE; METAL SORPTION; ZN(II) IONS; HYDROXYAPATITE; ZINC; REMEDIATION; REMOVAL AB Biochars produced from meat and bonemeal (MBM) waste materials contain large amounts of calcium phosphate and are potentially useful sorbents for the remediation of metals. Because the reactivity of biochars depends strongly upon the conditions used in their production, the objective of this study was to evaluate the rates and mechanisms of Zn sorption onto a commercially supplied MBM biochar prior to its application in a field-scale revegetation project. Sorption experiments varying pH, time, and Zn concentration found that, above pH 6.1, Zn adsorbed to MBM biochar quickly (within 5 h) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.65 mmol Zn g(-1). Synchrotron-based Zn K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy was consistent with a tetrahedral Zn bound to phosphate groups in a monodentate inner-sphere surface complex for all conditions tested. With an acidification pretreatment and at more acidic pH, MBM biochar causes precipitation of a ZnPO4 phase. On the basis of these results, this MBM biochar has a high capacity to rapidly adsorb Zn in adsorption experiments and can be considered a promising sorbent for Zn remediation of contaminated soils. C1 [Betts, Aaron R.] US EPA, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Chen, Ning] Canadian Light Source Inc, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada. [Hamilton, Jordan G.; Peak, Derek] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Soil Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. RP Peak, D (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Soil Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. EM derek.peak@usask.ca FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC); HudBay Minerals Inc.; Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture Strategic Research Program-Soils and Environment; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Research Council Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Province of Saskatchewan; Western Economic Diversification Canada; University of Saskatchewan FX This research was supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Collaborative Research and Development (CRD) grant with HudBay Minerals Inc. (formerly Hudson Bay Mining and Smelting Co., Limited). Additional support was provided through the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture Strategic Research Program-Soils and Environment. We would also like to thank the HXMA beamline personnel at CLS who assisted in beamline optimization. Research described in this paper was performed at the Canadian Light Source, which is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the National Research Council Canada, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Province of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada, and the University of Saskatchewan. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 101 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 24 BP 14350 EP 14357 DI 10.1021/es4032198 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 277CT UT WOS:000328796900054 PM 24228903 ER PT J AU Gitipour, A El Badawy, A Arambewela, M Miller, B Scheckel, K Elk, M Ryu, H Gomez-Alvarez, V Domingo, JS Thiel, S Tolaymat, T AF Gitipour, Alireza El Badawy, Amro Arambewela, Mahendranath Miller, Bradley Scheckel, Kirk Elk, Michael Ryu, Hodon Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente Domingo, Jorge Santo Thiel, Stephen Tolaymat, Thabet TI The Impact of Silver Nanoparticles on the Composting of Municipal Solid Waste SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; SURFACE-CHARGE; NANOSILVER; TOXICITY; DIVERSITY; IONS; AGGREGATION; STABILITY AB The study evaluates the impact of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coated silver nanoparticles (PVP-AgNPs) on the composting of municipal solid waste. The results suggest that there was no statistically significant difference in the leachate, gas, and solid quality parameters and overall composting performance between the treatments containing the AgNPs, Ag+, and negative control. Nonetheless, taxonomical analyses of 25 Illumina 16S rDNA barcoded libraries containing 2 393 504 sequences indicated that the bacterial communities in composted samples were highly diverse and primarily dominated by Clostridia (48.5%), Bacilli (27.9%), and beta-Proteobacteria (13.4%). Bacterial diversity studies showed that the overall bacterial community structure in the composters changed in response to the Ag-based treatments. However, the data suggest that functional performance was not significantly affected due to potential bacterial functional redundancy within the compost samples. The data also indicate that while the surface transformation of AgNPs to AgCl and Ag2S can reduce the toxicity, complexation with organic matter may also play a major role. The results of this study further suggest that at relatively low concentrations, the organically rich waste management systems' functionality may not be influenced by the presence of AgNPs. C1 [Gitipour, Alireza; El Badawy, Amro; Thiel, Stephen] Univ Cincinnati, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Arambewela, Mahendranath] Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Miller, Bradley; Scheckel, Kirk; Elk, Michael; Ryu, Hodon; Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente; Domingo, Jorge Santo; Tolaymat, Thabet] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Tolaymat, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM tolaymat.thabet@epa.gov RI Thiel, Stephen/G-3693-2011; ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; OI Thiel, Stephen/0000-0002-6797-7225; Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development Chemical Safety for Sustainability Program FX This research was funded by the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development Chemical Safety for Sustainability Program. The opinions expressed in this manuscript are those of the author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute recommendation for use by the U.S. EPA. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. The authors would also like to thank Wenwen Yang and Renata Marti for their help with the lab work and Dr. Madhav Machavaram for analyzing the samples for C/N ratio. NR 54 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 24 BP 14385 EP 14393 DI 10.1021/es402510a PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 277CT UT WOS:000328796900058 PM 24143996 ER PT J AU Hays, MD Preston, W George, BJ Schmid, J Baldauf, R Snow, R Robinson, JR Long, T Faircloth, J AF Hays, Michael D. Preston, William George, Barbara J. Schmid, Judy Baldauf, Richard Snow, Richard Robinson, James R. Long, Thomas Faircloth, James TI Carbonaceous Aerosols Emitted from Light-Duty Vehicles Operating on Gasoline and Ethanol Fuel Blends SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POWERED MOTOR-VEHICLES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; AIR-POLLUTION; BLACK CARBON; EMISSIONS; E85; SOOT AB This study examines the chemical properties of carbonaceous aerosols emitted from three light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDVs) operating on gasoline (e0) and ethanol-gasoline fuel blends (e10 and e85). Vehicle road load simulations were performed on a chassis dynamometer using the three-phase LA-92 unified driving cycle (UDC). Effects of LDV operating conditions and ambient temperature (-7 and 24 degrees C) on particle-phase semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) emissions were investigated. SVOC concentrations and OC and EC fractions were determined with thermal extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TE-GC-MS) and thermal-optical analysis (TOA), respectively. LDV aerosol emissions were predominantly carbonaceous, and EC/PM (w/w) decreased linearly with increasing fuel ethanol content. TE-GC-MS analysis accounted for up to 4% of the fine particle (PM2.5) mass, showing the UDC phase-integrated sum of identified SVOC emissions ranging from 0.703 mu g km(-1) to 18.8 mu g km(-1). Generally, higher SVOC emissions were associated with low temperature (-7 degrees C) and engine ignition; mixed regression models suggest these emissions rate differences are significant. Use of e85 significantly reduced the emissions of lower molecular weight PAR. However, a reduction in higher molecular weight PAR entities in PM was not observed. Individual SVOC emissions from the Tier 2 LDVs and fuel technologies tested are substantially lower and distributed differently than those values populating the United States emissions inventories currently. Hence, this study is likely to influence future apportionment, climate, and air quality model predictions that rely on source combustion measurements of SVOCs in PM. C1 [Hays, Michael D.; Preston, William; George, Barbara J.; Schmid, Judy; Baldauf, Richard; Snow, Richard; Robinson, James R.; Long, Thomas; Faircloth, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hays, MD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM hays.michael@epa.gov RI Hays, Michael/E-6801-2013 OI Hays, Michael/0000-0002-4029-8660 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 71 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 17 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 24 BP 14502 EP 14509 DI 10.1021/es403096v PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 277CT UT WOS:000328796900072 PM 24246086 ER PT J AU Hannas, BR Howdeshell, KL Furr, J Gray, LE AF Hannas, Bethany R. Howdeshell, Kembra L. Furr, Johnathan Gray, L. Earl, Jr. TI In utero phthalate effects in the female rat: A model for MRKH syndrome SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Reproductive malformations; Uterine; Critical period ID MALE REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; N-BUTYL PHTHALATE; DI(N-BUTYL) PHTHALATE; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENYL-PARA-NITROPHENYL ETHER; SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; DIBUTYL PHTHALATE; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; LATE-GESTATION; MALFORMATIONS; TOXICITY AB Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is characterized by uterine and vaginal canal aplasia in normal karyotype human females and is a syndrome with poorly defined etiology. Reproductive toxicity of phthalate esters (PEs) occurs in rat offspring exposed in utero, a phenomenon that is better studied in male offspring than females. The current study reports female reproductive tract malformations in the Sprague-Dawley rat similar to those characteristic of MRKH syndrome, following in utero exposure to a mixture of 5 PEs. We determined that females are similar to 2-fold less sensitive to the effects of the 5-PE mixture than males for reproductive tract malformations. We were not fully successful in defining the critical exposure period for females; however, incidence of malformations was 88% following dosing from GD8 to 19 versus 22% and 0% for GD8-13 and GD14-19, respectively. Overall, this study provides valuable information regarding female vulnerability to in utero phthalate exposure and further characterizes a potential model for the human MRKH syndrome. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Hannas, Bethany R.; Furr, Johnathan; Gray, L. Earl, Jr.] US EPA, NHEERL, Toxicol Assessment Div, Reprod Toxicol Branch,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Howdeshell, Kembra L.] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, Off Hlth Assessment & Translat, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gray, LE (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, RTD, MD 72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Hannas.bethany@epa.gov; kembra.howdeshell@nih.gov; furr.johnathan@epa.gov; gray.earl@epa.gov FU National Toxicology Program at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Interagency Agreement; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [RW-75-92285501-1] FX National Toxicology Program at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Interagency Agreement with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cooperative Agreement #RW-75-92285501-1. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 EI 1879-3169 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD DEC 16 PY 2013 VL 223 IS 3 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.021 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 258XV UT WOS:000327492900009 PM 23542816 ER PT J AU Fine, DD Ko, S Huling, S AF Fine, Dennis D. Ko, Saebom Huling, Scott TI Bromination of aromatic compounds by residual bromide in sodium chloride matrix modifier salt during heated headspace GC/MS analysis SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE GC/MS; Matrix modifier salt; Bromination; H2O2; Aromatics ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GROUNDWATER SAMPLES; BINARY-MIXTURES; P-XYLENE; ACID AB Analytical artifacts attributed to the bromination of toluene, xylenes, and trimethylbenzenes were found during the heated headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of aqueous samples. The aqueous samples were produced from Fenton-like chemical oxidation reactions and contained aromatic compounds, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ferric sulfate. Prior to GC/MS headspace analysis, the samples were acidified (pH < 2), and sodium chloride was amended to the headspace vial as a matrix modifier. The brominated artifacts were generated during heated headspace analysis. Further, when samples were spiked with a mixture of volatile chlorinated and aromatic compounds (50 mu g/L), poor spike recoveries of toluene and xylenes occurred, and in some cases complete loss of trimethylbenzenes and naphthalene resulted. Where poor recovery of aromatic spike compounds occurred, brominated aromatic compounds were found. The only significant source of bromine in the reaction scheme is the bromide typically present ( <0.01% w/w) in the sodium chloride amended to the samples. Conversely, brominated artifacts were absent when a buffered salt mixture composed of sodium chloride and potassium phosphate dibasic/monobasic was used as a matrix modifier and raised the sample pH (pH similar to 6). This indicated that the brominated artifacts resulted from the reaction of the aromatic compounds with BrCl, which was formed by the reaction of H2O2, chloride, and bromide under acidic conditions. An alternative matrix modifier salt is recommended that prevents the bromination reaction and avoids these deleterious effects on sample integrity during headspace analysis, Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fine, Dennis D.] Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Ko, Saebom] CNR, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. [Huling, Scott] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, Ada, OK 74820 USA. RP Huling, S (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Robert S Kerr Environm Res Ctr, POB 1198, Ada, OK 74820 USA. EM ddfine@noble.org; saebomko@gmail.com; huling.scott@epa.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 EI 1873-3573 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 117 BP 20 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.08.039 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 277EI UT WOS:000328801400004 PM 24209304 ER PT J AU Huang, LS Bao, YX Xu, ZL Lei, XP Chen, Y Zhang, YJ Zhang, J AF Huang, Lisu Bao, Yixiao Xu, Zongli Lei, Xiaoping Chen, Yan Zhang, Yongjun Zhang, Jun TI Neonatal Bilirubin Levels and Childhood Asthma in the US Collaborative Perinatal Project, 1959-1965 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE asthma; bilirubin; immaturity; perinatal exposure; phototherapy ID TRANSFERASE GENE POLYMORPHISMS; BRONCHIAL-ASTHMA; INCREASED RISK; HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; CHILDREN; PHOTOTHERAPY; PREVALENCE; METAANALYSIS; EXPOSURE; DISEASE AB Evidence shows that asthma originates in early life. Studies have found that phototherapy and/or neonatal jaundice may be associated with asthma. We investigated the association between neonatal bilirubin levels and childhood asthma without phototherapy intervention in the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a multicenter prospective cohort study conducted in the United States from 1959 to 1965. A total of 54,795 livebirths were included, and 40,063 children were followed up until 7 years of age or older. Total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels were examined at 48 hours postpartum in newborns with birthweights of 2,250 g or more. Information on asthma and other diseases through age 7 years was summarized and confirmed by a group of pediatricians and child neurologists. Among 28,807 term infants, the overall prevalence of asthma was 5.26. Risks of asthma increased with both maximum TSB levels and TSB levels at 48 hours postpartum (P for trend 0.01). Neonatal maximum TSB levels greater than 15 mg/dL were associated with a 61 increase in the risk of childhood asthma (odds ratio 1.61, 95 confidence interval: 1.04, 2.08) after adjustment for confounders. In this prospective cohort study of infants born at a time when phototherapy was unavailable, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma. C1 [Huang, Lisu; Lei, Xiaoping; Zhang, Jun] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Xinhua Hosp, MOE Shanghai Key Lab Childrens Environm Hlth, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. [Huang, Lisu; Bao, Yixiao; Chen, Yan; Zhang, Yongjun] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Xinhua Hosp, Dept Pediat, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. [Xu, Zongli] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Durham, NC USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Xinhua Hosp, MOE Shanghai Key Lab Childrens Environm Hlth, 1665 Kong Jiang Rd, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China. EM junjimzhang@gmail.com OI xu, zongli/0000-0002-9034-8902 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [81273091/H2605] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 81273091/H2605). NR 36 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 178 IS 12 BP 1691 EP 1697 DI 10.1093/aje/kwt248 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 271IZ UT WOS:000328386500003 PM 24186969 ER PT J AU Shankaran, H Adeshina, F Teeguarden, JG AF Shankaran, Harish Adeshina, Femi Teeguarden, Justin G. TI Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for Fentanyl in support of the development of Provisional Advisory Levels SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Computational modeling; Inhalation; Oral transmucosal; Anesthetic; Route-to-route extrapolation; Risk assessment ID DRUG-INTERACTIONS; INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY; DOSE PROPORTIONALITY; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; BIOMONITORING DATA; CANCER-PATIENTS; BUCCAL TABLETS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHRONIC PAIN; BLOOD-FLOW AB Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) are tiered exposure limits for toxic chemicals in air and drinking water that are developed to assist in emergency responses. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling can support this process by enabling extrapolations across doses, and exposure routes, thereby addressing gaps in the available toxicity data. Here, we describe the development of a PBPK model for Fentanyl - a synthetic opioid used clinically for pain management - to support the establishment of PALS. Starting from an existing model for intravenous Fentanyl, we first optimized distribution and clearance parameters using several additional IV datasets. We then calibrated the model using pharmacokinetic data for various formulations, and determined the absorbed fraction, F, and time taken for the absorbed amount to reach 90% of its final value, t90. For aerosolized pulmonary Fentanyl, F = 1 and t90 < 1 min indicating complete and rapid absorption. The F value ranged from 0.35 to 0.74 for oral and various transmucosal routes. Oral Fentanyl was absorbed the slowest (t90 similar to 300 min); the absorption of intranasal Fentanyl was relatively rapid (t90 similar to 20-40 min); and the various oral transmucosal routes had intermediate absorption rates (t90 similar to 160-300 min). Based on these results, for inhalation exposures, we assumed that all of the Fentanyl inhaled from the air during each breath directly, and instantaneously enters the arterial circulation. We present model predictions of Fentanyl blood concentrations in oral and inhalation scenarios relevant for PAL development, and provide an analytical expression that can be used to extrapolate between oral and inhalation routes for the derivation of PALs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shankaran, Harish] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Adeshina, Femi] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Teeguarden, Justin G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Syst Toxicol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Shankaran, H (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, POB 999,MS J4-33, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM harish.shankaran@pnnl.gov OI Teeguarden, Justin/0000-0003-3817-4391 FU US EPA under Battelle Prime Contract [EP-C-09-0006]; Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RL01830] FX This work was funded by the US EPA under Battelle Prime Contract EP-C-09-0006. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RL01830. NR 73 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 273 IS 3 BP 464 EP 476 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.024 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 275XC UT WOS:000328711700005 PM 23732079 ER PT J AU Bass, V Gordon, CJ Jarema, KA MacPhail, RC Cascio, WE Phillips, PM Ledbetter, AD Schladweiler, MC Andrews, D Miller, D Doerfler, DL Kodavanti, UP AF Bass, V. Gordon, C. J. Jarema, K. A. MacPhail, R. C. Cascio, W. E. Phillips, P. M. Ledbetter, A. D. Schladweiler, M. C. Andrews, D. Miller, D. Doerfler, D. L. Kodavanti, U. P. TI Ozone induces glucose intolerance and systemic metabolic effects in young and aged brown Norway rats SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aging; Air pollution; Ozone; Metabolic syndrome; Serum biomarkers; Epinephrine ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PARTICULATE MATTER; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; OBESITY; LEPTIN; FISCHER-344; ADAPTATION AB Air pollutants have been associated with increased diabetes in humans. We hypothesized that ozone would impair glucose homeostasis by altering insulin signaling and/or endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress in young and aged rats. One, 4, 12, and 24 month old Brown Norway (BN) rats were exposed to air or ozone, 0.25 or 1.0 ppm, 6 h/day for 2 days (acute) or 2 d/week for 13 weeks (subchronic). Additionally, 4month old rats were exposed to air or 1.0 ppm ozone, 6 h/day for 1 or 2 days (time-course). Glucose tolerance tests (GTT) were performed immediately after exposure. Serum and tissue biomarkers were analyzed 18 h after final ozone for acute and subchronic studies, and immediately after each day of exposure in the time-course study. Age-related glucose intolerance and increases in metabolic biomarkers were apparent at baseline. Acute ozone caused hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in rats of all ages. Ozone-induced glucose intolerance was reduced in rats exposed for 13 weeks. Acute, but not subchronic ozone increased alpha(2)-macroglobulin, adiponectin and osteopontin. Time-course analysis indicated glucose intolerance at days 1 and 2 (2N1), and a recovery 18 h post ozone. Leptin increased day 1 and epinephrine at all times after ozone. Ozone tended to decrease phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 in liver and adipose tissues. ER stress appeared to be the consequence of ozone induced acute metabolic impairment since transcriptional markers of ER stress increased only after 2 days of ozone. In conclusion, acute ozone exposure induces marked systemic metabolic impairments in BN rats of all ages, likely through sympathetic stimulation. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Bass, V.; Cascio, W. E.; Ledbetter, A. D.; Schladweiler, M. C.; Kodavanti, U. P.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gordon, C. J.; Jarema, K. A.; MacPhail, R. C.; Phillips, P. M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Tox Assessment Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Andrews, D.; Doerfler, D. L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Cores Unit, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Miller, D.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, MD 8105-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov OI Bass, Virginia/0000-0001-6219-2448 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [T32 ES007126] NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X EI 1096-0333 J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD DEC 15 PY 2013 VL 273 IS 3 BP 551 EP 560 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2013.09.029 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 275XC UT WOS:000328711700015 PM 24103449 ER PT J AU Kokolus, KM Capitano, ML Lee, CT Eng, JWL Waight, JD Hylander, BL Sexton, S Hong, CC Gordon, CJ Abrams, SI Repasky, EA AF Kokolus, Kathleen M. Capitano, Maegan L. Lee, Chen-Ting Eng, Jason W. -L. Waight, Jeremy D. Hylander, Bonnie L. Sexton, Sandra Hong, Chi-Chen Gordon, Christopher J. Abrams, Scott I. Repasky, Elizabeth A. TI Baseline tumor growth and immune control in laboratory mice are significantly influenced by subthermoneutral housing temperature SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE murine tumor models; metabolism ID BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; TRADE-OFFS; CANCER; MOUSE; MODELS; THERMONEUTRALITY; STRESS; CELLS; COLD; INTERLEUKIN-2 AB We show here that fundamental aspects of antitumor immunity in mice are significantly influenced by ambient housing temperature. Standard housing temperature for laboratory mice in research facilities is mandated to be between 20-26 degrees C; however, these subthermoneutral temperatures cause mild chronic cold stress, activating thermogenesis to maintain normal body temperature. When stress is alleviated by housing at thermoneutral ambient temperature (30-31 degrees C), we observe a striking reduction in tumor formation, growth rate and metastasis. This improved control of tumor growth is dependent upon the adaptive immune system. We observe significantly increased numbers of antigen-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes and CD8(+) T cells with an activated phenotype in the tumor microenvironment at thermoneutrality. At the same time there is a significant reduction in numbers of immunosuppressive MDSCs and regulatory T lymphocytes. Notably, in temperature preference studies, tumor-bearing mice select a higher ambient temperature than non-tumor-bearing mice, suggesting that tumor-bearing mice experience a greater degree of cold-stress. Overall, our data raise the hypothesis that suppression of antitumor immunity is an outcome of cold stress-induced thermogenesis. Therefore, the common approach of studying immunity against tumors in mice housed only at standard room temperature may be limiting our understanding of the full potential of the antitumor immune response. C1 [Kokolus, Kathleen M.; Capitano, Maegan L.; Lee, Chen-Ting; Eng, Jason W. -L.; Waight, Jeremy D.; Hylander, Bonnie L.; Abrams, Scott I.; Repasky, Elizabeth A.] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Immunol, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Sexton, Sandra] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Anim Resources, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Hong, Chi-Chen] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Canc Prevent & Control, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. [Gordon, Christopher J.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Repasky, EA (reprint author), Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Immunol, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. EM elizabeth.repasky@roswellpark.org OI Eng, Jason/0000-0002-8219-2290; Kokolus, Kathleen/0000-0002-9088-5409 FU National Institute of Heath [R01 CA135368, R01 CA140622, T32 CA085183]; Roswell Park Cancer Institute Alliance Foundation; James L. Desiderio Endowment Fund; Roswell Park Cancer Institute's Comprehensive Cancer Center Support Grant [CA016056] FX We thank Drs. Kelvin Lee, John Subjeck, Sharon Evans, Aimin Jiang, and Carl Anderson, Chunmei Fu, Chelsey Reed and Jeanne Prendergast for their discussions or technical and editorial assistance. This research was supported by National Institute of Heath Grants R01 CA135368 (to E. A. R.), R01 CA140622 (to S. I. A.), and T32 CA085183; the Roswell Park Cancer Institute Alliance Foundation; the James L. Desiderio Endowment Fund; and used Shared Resources supported by the Roswell Park Cancer Institute's Comprehensive Cancer Center Support Grant CA016056. Dr. Christopher Gordon, an author who works at the US Environmental Protection, adds the following disclaimer: The research described in this article has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names of commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 39 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 16 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 10 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 50 BP 20176 EP 20181 DI 10.1073/pnas.1304291110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 266YY UT WOS:000328061700055 PM 24248371 ER PT J AU Betancourt, DA Krebs, K Moore, SA Martin, SM AF Betancourt, Doris A. Krebs, Ken Moore, Scott A. Martin, Shayna M. TI Microbial volatile organic compound emissions from Stachybotrys chartarum growing on gypsum wallboard and ceiling tile SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stachybotrys chartarum; MVOC; Water-damaged building materials ID BUILDING-MATERIALS; TRICHOTHECENE MYCOTOXINS; PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE; SYNTHETIC MEDIA; TOXIGENIC FUNGI; DAMP BUILDINGS; COMPOUNDS MVOC; INDOOR FUNGI; MOLD GROWTH; METABOLITES AB Background: Stachybotrys chartarum is a filamentous mold frequently identified among the mycobiota of water-damaged building materials. Growth of S. chartarum on suitable substrates and under favorable environmental conditions leads to the production of secondary metabolites such as mycotoxins and microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs). The aim of this study was to characterize MVOC emission profiles of seven toxigenic strains of S. chartarum, isolated from water-damaged buildings, in order to identify unique MVOCs generated during growth on gypsum wallboard and ceiling tile coupons. Inoculated coupons were incubated and monitored for emissions and growth using a closed glass environmental growth chamber maintained at a constant room temperature. Gas samples were collected from the headspace for three to four weeks using Tenax TA tubes. Results: Most of the MVOCs identified were alcohols, ketones, ethers and esters. The data showed that anisole (methoxybenzene) was emitted from all of the S. chartarum strains tested on both types of substrates. Maximum anisole concentration was detected after seven days of incubation. Conclusions: MVOCs are suitable markers for fungal identification because they easily diffuse through weak barriers like wallpaper, and could be used for early detection of mold growth in hidden cavities. This study identifies the production of anisole by seven toxigenic strains of Stachybotrys chartarum within a period of one week of growth on gypsum wallboard and ceiling tiles. These data could provide useful information for the future construction of a robust MVOC library for the early detection of this mold. C1 [Betancourt, Doris A.; Krebs, Ken; Moore, Scott A.; Martin, Shayna M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Betancourt, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, E305-03, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM betancourt.doris@epa.gov NR 52 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 23 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD DEC 5 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 283 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-13-283 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 277ZO UT WOS:000328858000002 PM 24308451 ER PT J AU Pitkanen, T Ryu, H Elk, M Hokajarvi, AM Siponen, S Vepsalainen, A Rasanen, P Domingo, JWS AF Pitkanen, Tarja Ryu, Hodon Elk, Michael Hokajarvi, Anna-Maria Siponen, Sallamaari Vepsalainen, Asko Rasanen, Pia Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Detection of Fecal Bacteria and Source Tracking Identifiers in Environmental Waters Using rRNA-Based RT-qPCR and rDNA-Based qPCR Assays SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; TRANSCRIPTION-QUANTITATIVE PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI-CELLS; GENE SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; CULTURE-BASED METHODS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.; ENTEROCOCCUS SPP.; MESSENGER-RNA AB In this study, we evaluated the use of RT-qPCR assays targeting rRNA gene sequences for the detection of fecal bacteria in water samples. We challenged the RT-qPCR assays against RNA extracted from sewage effluent (n = 14), surface water (n = 30), and treated source water (n = 15) samples. Additionally, we applied the same assays using DNA as the qPCR template. The targeted fecal bacteria were present in most of the samples tested, although in several cases, the detection frequency increased when RNA was used as the template. For example, the majority of samples that tested positive for E. coli and Campylobacter spp. in surface waters, and for human-specific Bacteroidales, E. coli, and Enterococcus spp. in treated source waters were only detected when rRNA was used as the original template. The difference in detection frequency using rRNA or rDNA (rRNA gene) was sample. and assay-dependent, suggesting that the abundance of active and nonactive populations differed between samples. Statistical analyses for each population exhibiting multiple quantifiable results showed that the rRNA copy numbers were significantly higher than the rDNA counterparts (p < 0.05). Moreover, the detection frequency of rRNA-based assays were in better agreement with the culture-based results of E. coli, intestinal enterococci, and thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in surface waters than that of rDNA-based assays, suggesting that rRNA signals were associated to active bacterial populations. Our data show that using rRNA-based approaches significantly increases detection sensitivity for common fecal bacteria in environmental waters. These findings have important implications for microbial water quality monitoring and public health risk assessments. C1 [Pitkanen, Tarja; Ryu, Hodon; Elk, Michael; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Pitkanen, Tarja; Hokajarvi, Anna-Maria; Siponen, Sallamaari; Rasanen, Pia] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Water & Hlth Unit, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland. [Vepsalainen, Asko] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Environm Microbiol Unit, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland. RP Domingo, JWS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011; Pitkanen, Tarja/D-1657-2014 OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519; Pitkanen, Tarja/0000-0002-7591-9148 FU Osk FX This research was supported in part by research grants from Osk. Huttunen Foundation, Finnish Cultural Foundation and University of Eastern Finland, Turku Region Water Ltd., and Academy of Finland (CONPAT Consortium Project). We thank Tuna Heiskanen and Tarja Yli-Tuomi for technical assistance and Nicholas J. Ashbolt for critical reading of the manuscript. The manuscript has been subjected to the EPA's peer review and has been approved as an EPA publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by the EPA. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the EPA. NR 76 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD DEC 3 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 23 BP 13611 EP 13620 DI 10.1021/es403489b PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 266CH UT WOS:000327999400051 PM 24187936 ER PT J AU Hantush, MM Kalin, L Isik, S Yucekaya, A AF Hantush, M. M. Kalin, L. Isik, S. Yucekaya, A. TI Nutrient Dynamics in Flooded Wetlands. I: Model Development SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Wetlands; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Sediment; Nitrification; Denitrification; Ammonia; Oxygen demand; Floods; Nutrients; Wetlands; Model; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Sediment; Nitrification; Denitrification; Ammonium; Aerobic; Anaerobic; Sediment oxygen demand; Ammonia volatilization; Diffusion ID STORMWATER TREATMENT AREAS; PHOSPHORUS DYNAMICS; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; SIMULATION-MODEL; NITROGEN; TRANSFORMATION; HYDROLOGY; SEDIMENTS; FLORIDA AB Wetlands are rich ecosystems recognized for ameliorating floods, improving water quality, and providing other ecosystem benefits. This part of a two-paper series presents a relatively detailed process-based model for nitrogen and phosphorus retention, cycling, and removal in flooded wetlands. The model captures salient features of nutrient dynamics and accounts for complex interactions among various physical, biogeochemical, and physiological processes. The model simulates oxygen dynamics and the impact of oxidizing and reducing conditions on nitrogen transformation and removal, and approximates phosphorus precipitation and releases into soluble forms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. Nitrogen loss pathways of volatilization and denitrification are explicitly accounted for on a physical basis. Processes in surface water and the bottom-active soil layer are described by a system of coupled ordinary differential equations. A finite-difference numerical scheme is implemented to solve the coupled system of ordinary differential equations for various multiphase constituents' concentrations in the water column and wetland soil. The numerical solution algorithm is verified against analytical solutions obtained for simplified transport and fate scenarios. Quantitative global sensitivity analysis revealed consistent model performance with respect to critical parameters and dominant nutrient processes. A hypothetical phosphorus loading scenario shows that the model is capable of capturing the phenomenon of phosphorus precipitation and release under oxic and anoxic conditions, respectively. C1 [Hantush, M. M.] US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Kalin, L.; Isik, S.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Yucekaya, A.] Kadir Has Univ, TR-34083 Istanbul, Turkey. RP Hantush, MM (reprint author), US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hantush.mohamed@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Auburn University, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences [EP08C000066] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract (EP08C000066) with Auburn University, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences. It has not been subject to the Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 40 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1709 EP 1723 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000741 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AE5KC UT WOS:000334026600014 ER PT J AU Kalin, L Hantush, MM Isik, S Yucekaya, A Jordan, T AF Kalin, L. Hantush, M. M. Isik, S. Yucekaya, A. Jordan, T. TI Nutrient Dynamics in Flooded Wetlands. II: Model Application SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Floods; Wetlands; Water quality; Sediment; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Nitrification; Denitrification; Ammonia; Nitrates; Vegetation; Chesapeake Bay; Wetland; Water quality; Model; Sediment; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Nitrification; Denitrification; Ammonia; Nitrate; Algae; Plant growth ID FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF; NITROGEN REMOVAL; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; PHOSPHORUS; RETENTION; UNCERTAINTY; SCALE AB In this paper, the authors applied and evaluated the wetland nutrient model that was described in Paper I. Hydrologic and water quality data from a small restored wetland located on Kent Island, Maryland, which is part of the Delmarva Peninsula on the eastern shores of the Chesapeake Bay, was used for this purpose. The model was assessed through various methods against the observed data in simulating nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and total suspended sediment (TSS) dynamics. Time series plots of observed and simulated concentrations and loads generally compared well; better performance was demonstrated with dissolved forms of nitrogen, i.e.,ammonia and nitrate. Through qualitative and quantitative sensitivity analysis, dominant processes in the study wetland were scrutinized. Nitrification, plant uptake, and mineralization were the most important processes affecting ammonia. Denitrification in the sediment layer and diffusion to bottom sediments were identified as key processes for nitrate. Settling and resuspension were the most important processes for particulate matter (organic N, sediment) and sediment-bound phosphate (inorganic P). Order of parameter sensitivities and dominant processes exhibited seasonality. Uncertainty bands created from Monte Carlo simulations showed that parameter uncertainty is relatively small; however, uncertainty in the wetland inflow rates and loading concentrations have much more bearing on model predictive uncertainty. N, P, and TSS mass balance analysis showed that the wetland removed approximately 23, 33, and 46%, respectively, of the incoming load (runoff + atmospheric deposition) over the two-year period, with more removal in year 1 (34, 43, and 55%, respectively), which had a long stretch of a dry period. The developed model can be employed for exploring wetland response to various climatic and input conditions, and for deeper understanding of key processes in wetlands. C1 [Kalin, L.; Isik, S.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Hantush, M. M.] US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Isik, S.] Turgut Ozal Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Fac Engn, TR-06010 Ankara, Turkey. [Yucekaya, A.] Kadir Has Univ, TR-34083 Istanbul, Turkey. [Jordan, T.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Hantush, MM (reprint author), US EPA, Land Remediat & Pollut Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM hantush.mohamed@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development; Auburn University, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences [EP08C000066] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract (EP08C000066) with Auburn University, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences. It has not been subject to the Agency's review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency; thus, no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 29 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 EI 1943-5584 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1724 EP 1738 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000750 PG 15 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AE5KC UT WOS:000334026600015 ER PT J AU Crooks, J Isakov, V AF Crooks, James Isakov, Vlad TI A wavelet-based approach to blending observations with deterministic computer models to resolve the intraurban air pollution field A wavelet-based approach to blending observations with deterministic computer models to resolve the intraurbanair pollution field SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; USE REGRESSION-MODELS; PARTICULATE MATTER; NUMERICAL-MODELS; EXPOSURE MODELS; URBAN AREA; QUALITY; OZONE; PM2.5 AB Recent interest in near-road exposure to air pollutants and related health and environmental justice issues has highlighted the importance of improving the accuracy of intraurban ambient concentration estimates. Unfortunately, except in rare cases, no single source of information can accurately estimate the concentration at the desired spatial and temporal resolution over the full time period of epidemiological interest. However, it is possible to blend information from several sources so as to exploit the strengths and offset the weaknesses of each. Specifically, we are interested in combining data from ambient monitors with output from deterministic air pollution computer models. Monitor networks are sparse in both space and time, are costly to maintain, and are usually designed expressly to avoid detecting local-scale features. We use two types of computer models to compensate for these drawbacks. The first, a grid-based regional photochemical model, Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ), covers large areas at high time resolution but cannot resolve features smaller than a grid cell, usually 4, 12, or 36 km across. The second, a plume dispersion model, AMS/EPA Regulatory Model (AERMOD), can resolve these features but cannot track long-distance transport or chemical reactions. We present a new Bayesian method that combines these three sources of information to resolve the intraurban pollution field. This method represents the true latent field using a two-dimensional wavelet basis, which allows direct, efficient incorporation of data at multiple levels of resolution. It furthermore allows a priori selection of the relative importance of each data source. We test its predictive accuracy and precision in a realistic urban-scale simulation. Finally, in the context of two air pollution health studies in Atlanta, Georgia, we use our model to estimate the daily mean concentrations of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 m (PM2.5), and carbon monoxide (CO) at a mixture of census block group and zip code centroids for the years 2001-2002. This paper describes a novel method of blending regional and local model results with observations to produce accurate air pollutant concentrations at the desired spatial and temporal resolution over urban areas to support environmental epidemiological studies. C1 [Crooks, James] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Isakov, Vlad] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Isakov, V (reprint author), US EPA, Mail Drop E243-04,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Isakov.vlad@epa.gov FU United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development [EPD-05-045] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, partially funded and collaborated in the research described here under contract no. EPD-05-045 to the Emory University. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency nor does mention of trades names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1096-2247 EI 2162-2906 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 63 IS 12 BP 1369 EP 1385 DI 10.1080/10962247.2012.758061 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AC5VB UT WOS:000332588000001 PM 24558701 ER PT J AU Morgan, MK Jones, PA AF Morgan, Marsha K. Jones, Paul A. TI Dietary predictors of young children's exposure to current-use pesticides using urinary biomonitoring SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Preschool children; Food; Ingestion; TCP; 3-PBA; 2,4-D ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; 3-PHENOXYBENZOIC ACID; EVERYDAY ENVIRONMENTS; AGGREGATE EXPOSURES; DAY-CARE; FOOD; ORGANOPHOSPHATE; CHLORPYRIFOS AB Few data exist on the association between dietary habits and urinary biomarker concentrations of pesticides in children. The objective was to examined the association between the weekly intake frequency of 65 food items and urinary biomarkers of exposure to chlorpyrifos (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol [TCP]), permethrin (3-phenoxybenzoic acid [3-PBA]), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D] in 135 preschool-aged children. TCP and 3-PBA are nonspecific biomarkers as they are also urinary metabolites of other pesticides. TCP, 3-PBA, and 2,4-D were detected in 99%, 64%, and 92% of the urine samples, respectively. Mean urinary TCP concentrations were statistically significantly higher in children consuming fresh apples (9.40 +/- 15.5 ng/mL versus 5.76 +/- 3.57 ng/mL, p = 0.040) and fruit juices (8.41 +/- 11.5 ng/mL versus 4.11 +/- 2.77 ng/mL, p = 0.020) >= 3 times a week compared to <3 times a week. For 3-PBA, mean urinary metabolite concentrations were statistically significantly greater in children consuming chicken/turkey meats (0.79 +/- 0.81 versus 0.41 +/- 0.39, p = 0.013) >= 3 times a week compared to <3 times a week. No association occurred between the consumption of any food item and children's mean urinary 2,4-D concentrations by intake group. In conclusion, frequent consumption of fresh apples and fruit juices or chicken/turkey meats were significant dietary predictors of urinary levels of TCP or 3-PBA, respectively. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Morgan, Marsha K.; Jones, Paul A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Morgan, MK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Durham, NC 27711 USA. EM morgan.marsha@epa.gov; jones.paul-a@epa.gov NR 37 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-6915 EI 1873-6351 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 62 BP 131 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.029 PG 11 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 293GW UT WOS:000329960400018 PM 23973405 ER PT J AU Felgenhauer, T Webster, M AF Felgenhauer, Tyler Webster, Mort TI Multiple adaptation types with mitigation: A framework for policy analysis SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article DE Climate change policy; Adaptation constructs; Mitigation and adaptation portfolio; Decision making under uncertainty ID CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION; UNCERTAINTY; IRREVERSIBILITY; SCALES AB Effective climate policy will consist of mitigation and adaptation implemented simultaneously in a policy portfolio to reduce the risks of climate change. Previous studies of the tradeoffs between mitigation and adaptation have implicitly framed the problem deterministically, choosing the optimal paths for all time. Because climate change is a long-term problem with significant uncertainties and opportunities to learn and revise, critical tradeoffs between mitigation and adaptation in the near-term have not been considered. We propose a new framework for considering the portfolio of mitigation and adaptation that explicitly treats the problem as a multi-stage decision under uncertainty. In this context, there are additional benefits to near-term investments if they reduce uncertainty and lead to improved future decisions. Two particular features are fundamental to understanding the relevant tradeoffs between mitigation and adaptation: (1) strategy dynamics over time in reducing climate damages, and (2) strategy dynamics under uncertainty and potential for learning. Our framework strengthens the argument for disaggregating adaption as has been proposed by others. We present three stylized classes of adaptation investment types as a conceptual framework: short-lived "flow" spending, committed "stock" investment, and lower capacity "option" stock with the capability of future upgrading. In the context of sequential decision under uncertainty, these subtypes of adaptation have important tradeoffs among them and with mitigation. We argue that given the large policy uncertainty that we face currently, explicitly considering adaptation "option" investments is a valuable component of a near-term policy response that can balance between the flexible flow and committed stock approaches, as it allows for the delay of costly stock investments while at the same time allowing for lower-cost risk management of future damages. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Felgenhauer, Tyler] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Webster, Mort] MIT, Engn Syst Div, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Felgenhauer, T (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E305-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM felgenhauer.tyler@epa.gov FU Joseph L. Fisher Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship from Resources for the Future; Royster Society of Fellows at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful insights and comments on this article. Additionally we thank Richard Andrews, Doug Crawford-Brown, Tim Johnson, Ozge Kaplan, Kenneth Strzepek, Jonathan Wiener, and Gary Yohe. Tyler Felgenhauer would like to gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the Joseph L. Fisher Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship from Resources for the Future, as well as the Royster Society of Fellows at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3780 EI 1872-9495 J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG JI Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 6 SI SI BP 1556 EP 1565 DI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.09.018 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA 292DB UT WOS:000329881300018 ER PT J AU Karcher, SC VanBriesen, JM Nietch, CT AF Karcher, Sandra C. VanBriesen, Jeanne M. Nietch, Christopher T. TI Alternative Land-Use Method for Spatially Informed Watershed Management Decision Making Using SWAT SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE ArcSWAT; Best management practice; Land use; National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer; National Land Cover Database; Soil and Water Assessment Tool Modeling ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; MODEL; AREA; NUTRIENT; RUNOFF; POINT AB In this study, a modification is proposed to the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to enable identification of areas where the implementation of best management practices would likely result in the most significant improvement in downstream water quality. To geospatially link potential locations to individual land owners, a land-use layer that incorporated specific crops and crop rotations needed to be developed. Model results obtained using the new land-use layer are compared to those obtained using a more conventional land-use layer. Results indicate that water flow and nutrient loadings are similar at the basin outlet, confirming the overall consistency of the approach. Water flow results at upland subbasin outlets appear similar; however, nutrient loadings are different since the crop distributions in the alternative approach are more representative of actual practice in the basin. These results suggest that the alternative, crop-rotation-specific method can be used to provide additional information for spatially resolved decision making regarding nutrient loading and downstream nutrient concentrations. C1 [Karcher, Sandra C.; VanBriesen, Jeanne M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Nietch, Christopher T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply Water Resources Div,Water Qual Manag, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP VanBriesen, JM (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM sck@andrew.cmu.edu; jeanne@andrew.cmu.edu; Nietch.Christopher@epamail.epa.gov NR 42 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 139 IS 12 BP 1413 EP 1423 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000770 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 292JC UT WOS:000329897000001 ER PT J AU Klise, KA Phillips, CA Janke, RJ AF Klise, Katherine A. Phillips, Cynthia A. Janke, Robert J. TI Two-Tiered Sensor Placement for Large Water Distribution Network Models SO JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Water distribution systems; Security; Terrorism; Water quality; Scale effects; Optimization; Public health AB Water distribution network models for large municipalities have tens of thousands of interconnecting pipes and junctions with complex hydraulic controls. Many water security applications, including sensor placement optimization, require detailed simulation of potential contamination incidents. The postsimulation optimization problem can easily exceed memory on standard desktop computers. Large networks can be skeletonized to reduce computation; however, this alters network hydraulics, and therefore sensor placement. The objective of this paper is to evaluate a two-tiered sensor placement approach that combines hydraulic and water quality simulations using all-pipes, or original, network models with subsequent geographic aggregation of time and impact values to reduce memory requirements. The two-tiered approach first places sensors on aggregated regions, then refines the solution to actual nodes in the original model. The two-tiered sensor placement approach is compared to results using the original network and skeletonized networks based on solution quality, memory use, and runtime. Results show that skeletonized networks introduce error in sensor placement. Two-tiered sensor placement using geographic aggregation replicates the original model solution to within 5% in most cases. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Klise, Katherine A.; Phillips, Cynthia A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Janke, Robert J.] US EPA, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Klise, KA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 0751, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM kaklise@sandia.gov; caphill@sandia.gov; Janke.Robert@epamail.epa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development funded and participated in the research described here under an interagency agreement. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1076-0342 EI 1943-555X J9 J INFRASTRUCT SYST JI J. Infrastruct. Syst. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 19 IS 4 BP 465 EP 473 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000156 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA 292PB UT WOS:000329913100012 ER PT J AU Balachandran, S Pachon, JE Lee, S Oakes, MM Rastogi, N Shi, WY Tagaris, E Yan, B Davis, A Zhang, XL Weber, RJ Mulholland, JA Bergin, MH Zheng, M Russell, AG AF Balachandran, Sivaraman Pachon, Jorge E. Lee, Sangil Oakes, Michelle M. Rastogi, Neeraj Shi, Wenyan Tagaris, Efthimios Yan, Bo Davis, Aika Zhang, Xiaolu Weber, Rodney J. Mulholland, James A. Bergin, Michael H. Zheng, Mei Russell, Armistead G. TI Particulate and gas sampling of prescribed fires in South Georgia, USA SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Prescribed fires; Biomass burning; PM2.5; Gas; Emissions; Tracers; Source apportionment ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS; CANADIAN FOREST-FIRES; CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS; FIREPLACE COMBUSTION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SOURCE PROFILES AB Gaseous and particulate species from two prescribed fires were sampled in-situ, to better characterize prescribed burn emissions. Measurements included gaseous and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) species, particle number concentration, particulate organic carbon (POC) speciation, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and water-soluble iron. Major PM2.5 components included OC (similar to 57%), EC (similar to 10%), chloride (similar to 1.6%), potassium (similar to 0.7%) and nitrate (similar to 0.9%). Major gaseous species include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, ethane, methanol and ethylene. Particulate organic tracers of biomass burning, such as levoglucosan, dehydroabietic acid and retene, increased significantly during the burns. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) also increased significantly during the fire and levels are highly correlated with total potassium (K) (R-2 = 0.93) and levoglucosan (R-2 = 0.98). The average WSOC/OC ratio was 0.51 +/- 0.03 and did not change significantly from background levels. Thus, the WSOC/OC ratio may not be a good indicator of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in regions that are expected to be impacted by biomass burning. Results using a biomass burning source profile derived from this work further indicate that source apportionment is sensitive to levels of potassium in biomass burning source profiles. This underscores the importance of quantifying local biomass burning source profiles. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Balachandran, Sivaraman; Davis, Aika; Mulholland, James A.; Bergin, Michael H.; Russell, Armistead G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Shi, Wenyan; Yan, Bo; Zhang, Xiaolu; Weber, Rodney J.; Zheng, Mei] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pachon, Jorge E.] De La Salle Univ, Programa Ingn Ambiental, Bogota, Colombia. [Lee, Sangil] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Ctr Gas Anal, Taejon 305340, South Korea. [Rastogi, Neeraj] Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India. [Tagaris, Efthimios] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Nucl Technol Radiat Protect, Environm Res Lab, Athens 15310, Greece. [Zheng, Mei] Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Oakes, Michelle M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Risk Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Balachandran, S (reprint author), 311 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM siv@gatech.edu RI Zhang, Xiaolu/F-9190-2011 FU USEPA STAR [R833626, R833866, R834799, RD83479901]; Georgia State Department of Natural Resources (GA DNR); Southern Company; Eric Edgerton of ARA, Inc.; Colombian Institute for the Development of Science and Technology FX This publication was made possible in part by USEPA STAR grants R833626, R833866, R834799 and RD83479901 and the Georgia State Department of Natural Resources (GA DNR). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the USEPA or GA DNR. Further, USEPA and GA DNR do not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. We are grateful to the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center for allowing access to sample the prescribed fires. We acknowledge the Southern Company for their support and thank Eric Edgerton of ARA, Inc. for access to the SEARCH data. We also acknowledge the Colombian Institute for the Development of Science and Technology for providing support to J.E.P. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 59 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 81 BP 125 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.014 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 285EY UT WOS:000329377600016 ER PT J AU Frost, GJ Middleton, P Tarrason, L Granier, C Guenther, A Cardenas, B van der Gon, HD Janssens-Maenhout, G Kaiser, JW Keating, T Klimont, Z Lamarque, JF Liousse, C Nickovici, S Ohara, T Schultz, MG Skiba, U van Aardenne, J Wang, YX AF Frost, Gregory J. Middleton, Paulette Tarrason, Leonor Granier, Claire Guenther, Alex Cardenas, Beatriz van der Gon, Hugo Denier Janssens-Maenhout, Greet Kaiser, Johannes W. Keating, Terry Klimont, Zbigniew Lamarque, Jean-Francois Liousse, Catherine Nickovici, Slobodan Ohara, Toshimasa Schultz, Martin G. Skiba, Ute van Aardenne, John Wang, Yuxuan TI New Directions: GEIA's 2020 vision for better air emissions information SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Frost, Gregory J.; Granier, Claire] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Middleton, Paulette] Panorama Pathways, Boulder, CO USA. [Tarrason, Leonor] Norwegian Inst Air Res, NILU, Kjeller, Norway. [Granier, Claire] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSU, LATMOS IPSL, Paris, France. [Granier, Claire] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Guenther, Alex; Lamarque, Jean-Francois] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Cardenas, Beatriz] INECC, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [van der Gon, Hugo Denier] TNO, Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Janssens-Maenhout, Greet] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Kaiser, Johannes W.] Kings Coll London, London, England. [Kaiser, Johannes W.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts ECMWF, Reading, Berks, England. [Kaiser, Johannes W.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [Keating, Terry] US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC USA. [Klimont, Zbigniew] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. [Liousse, Catherine] Lab Aerol, Toulouse, France. [Nickovici, Slobodan] World Meteorol Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Schultz, Martin G.] Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Skiba, Ute] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [van Aardenne, John] European Environm Agcy, Air & Climate Change Programme, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Wang, Yuxuan] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Frost, GJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM gregory.frost@colorado.edu; paulette@panoramapathways.net; leonor.tarrason@nilu.no; claire.granier@latmos.ipsl.fr; guenther@ucar.edu; bcardena@ine.gob.mx; hugo.deniervandergon@tno.nl; greetmaenhout@jrc.ec.europa.eu; j.kaiser@ecmwf.int; keating.terry@epa.gov; klimont@iiasa.ac.at; lamar@ucar.edu; Catherine.Liousse@aero.obs-mip.fr; snickovic@wmo.int; tohara@nies.go.jp; m.schultz@fz-juelich.de; ums@ceh.ac.uk; jva@eea.europa.eu; yxw@tsinghua.edu.cn RI Kaiser, Johannes/A-7057-2012; Wang, Yuxuan/C-6902-2014; Frost, Gregory/I-1958-2013; Granier, Claire/D-5360-2013; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; Skiba, Ute/I-6441-2012; Klimont, Zbigniew/P-7641-2015; Schultz, Martin/I-9512-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015 OI Kaiser, Johannes/0000-0003-3696-9123; Wang, Yuxuan/0000-0002-1649-6974; Granier, Claire/0000-0001-7344-7995; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; Klimont, Zbigniew/0000-0003-2630-198X; Schultz, Martin/0000-0003-3455-774X; NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 81 BP 710 EP 712 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.063 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 285EY UT WOS:000329377600077 ER PT J AU Zang, QD Rotroff, DM Judson, RS AF Zang, Qingda Rotroff, Daniel M. Judson, Richard S. TI Binary Classification of a Large Collection of Environmental Chemicals from Estrogen Receptor Assays by Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship and Machine Learning Methods SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING LA English DT Article ID COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY RESOURCE; ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; THROUGHPUT SCREENING DATA; SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES; RANDOM FOREST; MOLECULAR DESCRIPTORS; TOXCAST PROGRAM; IMBALANCED DATA; QSAR MODELS; DATA SETS AB There are thousands of environmental chemicals subject to regulatory decisions for endocrine disrupting potential. The ToxCast and Tox21 programs have tested similar to 8200 chemicals in a broad screening panel of in vitro high-throughput screening (HTS) assays for estrogen receptor (ER) agonist and antagonist activity. The present work uses this large data set to develop in silico quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models using machine learning (ML) methods and a novel approach to manage the imbalanced data distribution. Training compounds from the ToxCast project were categorized as active or inactive (binding or nonbinding) classes based on a composite ER Interaction Score derived from a collection of 13 ER in vitro assays. A total of 1537 chemicals from ToxCast were used to derive and optimize the binary classification models while 5073 additional chemicals from the Tox21 project, evaluated in 2 of the 13 in vitro assays, were used to externally validate the model performance. In order to handle the imbalanced distribution of active and inactive chemicals, we developed a cluster-selection strategy to minimize information loss and increase predictive performance and compared this strategy to three currently popular techniques: cost-sensitive learning, oversampling of the minority class, and undersampling of the majority class. QSAR classification models were built to relate the molecular structures of chemicals to their ER activities using linear discriminant analysis (LDA), classification and regression trees (CART), and support vector machines (SVM) with 51 molecular descriptors from QikProp and 4328 bits of structural fingerprints as explanatory variables. A random forest (RF) feature selection method was employed to extract the structural features most relevant to the ER activity. The best model was obtained using SVM in combination with a subset of descriptors identified from a large set via the RF algorithm, which recognized the active and inactive compounds at the accuracies of 76.1% and 82.8% with a total accuracy of 81.6% on the internal test set and 70.8% on the external test set. These results demonstrate that a combination of high-quality experimental data and ML methods can lead to robust models that achieve excellent predictive accuracy, which are potentially useful for facilitating the virtual screening of chemicals for environmental risk assessment. C1 [Zang, Qingda] US EPA, ORISE, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rotroff, Daniel M.; Judson, Richard S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rotroff, Daniel M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Judson, RS (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Judson.Richard@epa.gov OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633 FU Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. We would like to express our appreciation to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions. NR 66 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9596 EI 1549-960X J9 J CHEM INF MODEL JI J. Chem Inf. Model. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 53 IS 12 BP 3244 EP 3261 DI 10.1021/ci400527b PG 18 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 281YU UT WOS:000329137700015 PM 24279462 ER PT J AU Milanovich, JR Maerz, JC AF Milanovich, Joseph R. Maerz, John C. TI Realistic Fasting Does Not Affect Stable Isotope Levels of a Metabolically Efficient Salamander SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLETHODONTID SALAMANDERS; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; GENERALIST PREDATOR; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; ECOLOGY; PREY; ASSUMPTIONS; ENRICHMENT; STARVATION; TISSUES AB Stable isotopes are commonly used to examine various aspects of animal ecology. The use of stable isotopes generally proceeds under the implicit assumption that resource use is the only factor driving variation in stable isotope levels; however, a wealth of studies demonstrate that a range of common ecological factors can affect the behavior of stable isotopes in animal tissues and potentially confound inferences. For example, studies of some invertebrates and endothermic vertebrates show that animals fasted for ecologically realistic time periods have higher nitrogen (delta N-15) or lower carbon (delta C-13). We examined whether realistic fasting would influence the stable isotope composition of one of the most metabolically efficient ectothermic vertebrates, the Eastern Red-backed Salamander, Plethodon cinereus. We fasted salamanders for 7, 14, 21, 28, or 35-day intervals and examined whether delta N-15 or delta C-13 levels of tissues changed between fasted and fed animals. We investigated whether body condition (body mass to length and C:N [an index of lipid levels]) declined in fasted animals and whether there was a relationship between C:N and delta N-15 or delta C-13. Body mass to length index and C:N, delta C-13, and delta N-15 of tail and liver tissues did not differ between fasted and fed animals between 7 and 35 days. Because of their extreme metabolic efficiency, vertebrate ectotherms such as lungless salamanders (Plethodontidae) may not show the effects of fasting on stable isotopes observed in endothermic vertebrates and some invertebrates. This difference should lead to simpler interpretation of stable isotope results from field studies of these animals. C1 [Milanovich, Joseph R.; Maerz, John C.] Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Milanovich, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div,Sustainable Environm Bran, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM milanovich.joe@epa.gov FU IACUC AUP [A2006-10041]; NSF-DEB [DEB0542974] FX We thank J. DeVore and T. Luring for field assistance and K. Barrett, K. Cecala, A. K. Davis, A. Grosse, and M. Hopton for reviews of earlier drafts of this manuscript. Completion of this work was accomplished while JRM held a National Research Council Research Associateship at the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Project conducted under IACUC AUP#A2006-10041 and supported by NSF-DEB DEB0542974 to JCM. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 EI 1937-2418 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 47 IS 4 BP 544 EP 548 DI 10.1670/12-223 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 285TS UT WOS:000329418500005 ER PT J AU Wambaugh, JF Setzer, RW Pitruzzello, AM Liu, J Reif, DM Kleinstreuer, NC Wang, NCY Sipes, N Martin, M Das, K DeWitt, JC Strynar, M Judson, R Houck, KA Lau, C AF Wambaugh, John F. Setzer, R. Woodrow Pitruzzello, Ann M. Liu, Jie Reif, David M. Kleinstreuer, Nicole C. Wang, Nina Ching Y. Sipes, Nisha Martin, Matthew Das, Kaberi DeWitt, Jamie C. Strynar, Mark Judson, Richard Houck, Keith A. Lau, Christopher TI Dosimetric Anchoring of In Vivo and In Vitro Studies for Perfluorooctanoate and Perfluorooctanesulfonate SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE perfluorooctanoate; perfluorooctanoic acid; perfluorooctanesulfonate; perfluorooctanesulfonic acid; compartment model; saturable resorption model; pharmacokinetics; statistical analysis; Bayesian analysis; ToxCast; in vitro-in vivo extrapolation ID RESTRICTED GESTATIONAL EXPOSURES; THYROID-HORMONE STATUS; POTASSIUM PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONATE; AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS; CROSS-FOSTER; 2-GENERATION REPRODUCTION; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS AB In order to compare between in vivo toxicity studies, dosimetry is needed to translate study-specific dose regimens into dose metrics such as tissue concentration. These tissue concentrations may then be compared with in vitro bioactivity assays to perhaps identify mechanisms relevant to the lowest observed effect level (LOEL) dose group and the onset of the observed in vivo toxicity. Here, we examine the perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS). We analyzed 9 in vivo toxicity studies for PFOA and 13 in vivo toxicity studies for PFOS. Both PFCs caused multiple effects in various test species, strains, and genders. We used a Bayesian pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling framework to incorporate data from 6 PFOA PK studies and 2 PFOS PK studies (conducted in 3 species) to predict dose metrics for the in vivo LOELs and no observed effect levels (NOELs). We estimated PK parameters for 11 combinations of chemical, species, strain, and gender. Despite divergent study designs and species-specific PK, for a given effect, we found that the predicted dose metrics corresponding to the LOELs (and NOELs where available) occur at similar concentrations. In vitro assay results for PFOA and PFOS from EPAs ToxCast project were then examined. We found that most in vitro bioactivity occurs at concentrations lower than the predicted concentrations for the in vivo LOELs and higher than the predicted concentrations for the in vivo NOELs (where available), for a variety of nonimmunological effects. These results indicate that given sufficient PK data, the in vivo LOELs dose regimens, but not necessarily the effects, could have been predicted from in vitro studies for these 2 PFCs. C1 [Wambaugh, John F.; Setzer, R. Woodrow; Liu, Jie; Reif, David M.; Kleinstreuer, Nicole C.; Sipes, Nisha; Martin, Matthew; Judson, Richard; Houck, Keith A.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Pitruzzello, Ann M.] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Wang, Nina Ching Y.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Das, Kaberi; Lau, Christopher] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [DeWitt, Jamie C.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. [Strynar, Mark] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wambaugh, JF (reprint author), Mail Code B205-1,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wambaugh.john@epa.gov OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633; Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X; DeWitt, Jamie/0000-0002-0440-4059; Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767; Kleinstreuer, Nicole/0000-0002-7914-3682 FU U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development FX The U.S. EPA through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. We thank Chester Rodriguez, Kevin Crofton, Paul Schlosser, and Susan Hester of the EPA for comments. NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 136 IS 2 BP 308 EP 327 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft204 PG 20 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 275RQ UT WOS:000328695500005 PM 24046276 ER PT J AU Nichols, JW Hoffman, AD ter Laak, TL Fitzsimmons, PN AF Nichols, John W. Hoffman, Alex D. ter Laak, Thomas L. Fitzsimmons, Patrick N. TI Hepatic Clearance of 6 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Isolated Perfused Trout Livers: Prediction From In Vitro Clearance by Liver S9 Fractions SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE trout; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; biotransformation; in vitro-in vivo extrapolation; perfused liver; SPME ID XENOBIOTIC INTRINSIC CLEARANCE; RAINBOW-TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; BIOACCUMULATION ASSESSMENT; DRUG CLEARANCE; BIOTRANSFORMATION RATES; ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE; ISOLATED HEPATOCYTES; METABOLIC-CLEARANCE AB Isolated perfused trout livers were used to evaluate in vitro-in vivo metabolism extrapolation procedures for fish. In vitro depletion rates for 6 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured using liver S9 fractions and extrapolated to the intact tissue. Predicted hepatic clearance (CLH) values were then compared with values exhibited by intact livers. Binding in liver perfusates was manipulated using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and was characterized by solid-phase microextraction. Additional studies were conducted to develop binding terms (f(U); calculated as the ratio of unbound fractions in liver perfusate [f(U,PERF)] and the S9 system [f(U,S9)]) used as inputs to a well-stirred liver model. Hepatic clearance values for pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene, predicted by extrapolating in vitro data to the intact tissue, were in good agreement with measured values (< 2-fold difference). This can be partly attributed to the rapid rate at which both compounds were metabolized by S9 fractions, resulting in perfusion-limited clearance. Predicted levels of CLH for the other PAHs underestimated observed values although these differences were generally small (< 3-fold, except for naphthalene). Setting f(U) 1.0 improved clearance predictions at the highest tested BSA concentration (10mg/ml), suggesting that trout S9 fractions exhibit lower levels of intrinsic activity than the intact tissue or that the full binding assumption (ie, f(U) f(U,PERF)/f(U,S9)) underestimates the availability of hydrophobic substrates to hepatic metabolizing enzymes. These findings provide qualified support for procedures currently being used to predict metabolism impacts on chemical accumulation by fish based on measured rates of in vitro activity. C1 [Nichols, John W.; Hoffman, Alex D.; Fitzsimmons, Patrick N.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [ter Laak, Thomas L.] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, NL-3508 TD Utrecht, Netherlands. [ter Laak, Thomas L.] KWR Watercycle Res Inst, NL-3433 PE Nieuwegein, Netherlands. RP Nichols, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM nichols.john@epa.gov FU Utrecht University; International QSAR Foundation FX The authors acknowledge Dr Kellie Fay and Dr Carlie LaLone for constructive reviews of this manuscript. T.t.L. thanks Utrecht University and the International QSAR Foundation for funding support. NR 63 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 136 IS 2 BP 359 EP 372 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft219 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 275RQ UT WOS:000328695500008 PM 24097670 ER PT J AU Wu, WD Bromberg, PA Samet, JM AF Wu, Weidong Bromberg, Philip A. Samet, James M. TI Zinc ions as effectors of environmental oxidative lung injury SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Lung injury; Oxidant stress; Air pollution; Zinc; Reactive oxygen species; Metals ID AIRWAY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR; PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; METAL FUME FEVER; NF-KAPPA-B; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MTF-1; MITOCHONDRIAL PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE SAMPLE; RECEPTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY AB The redox-inert transition metal Zn is a micronutrient that plays essential roles in protein structure, catalysis, and regulation of function. Inhalational exposure to ZnO or to soluble Zn salts in occupational and environmental settings leads to adverse health effects, the severity of which appears dependent on the flux of Zn2+ presented to the airway and alveolar cells. The cellular toxicity of exogenous Zn2+ exposure is chazracterized by cellular responses that include mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated production of reactive oxygen species, and loss of signaling quiescence leading to cell death and increased expression of adaptive and inflammatory genes. Central to the molecular effects of Zn2+ are its interactions with cysteinyl thiols, which alters their functionality by modulating their reactivity and participation in redox reactions. Ongoing studies aimed at elucidating the molecular toxicology of Zn2+ in the lung are contributing valuable information about its role in redox biology and cellular homeostasis in normal and pathophysiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wu, Weidong] XinXiang Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Xinxiang 453003, Peoples R China. [Wu, Weidong; Bromberg, Philip A.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Samet, James M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Samet, JM (reprint author), EPA Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM Samet.James@EPA.GOV NR 223 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 65 BP 57 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.048 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 278DI UT WOS:000328868900006 PM 23747928 ER PT J AU Calfee, MW Rose, LJ Morse, S Mattorano, D Clayton, M Touati, A Griffin-Gatchalian, N Slone, C McSweeney, N AF Calfee, M. Worth Rose, Laura J. Morse, Stephen Mattorano, Dino Clayton, Matt Touati, Abderrahmane Griffin-Gatchalian, Nicole Slone, Christina McSweeney, Neal TI Comparative evaluation of vacuum-based surface sampling methods for collection of Bacillus spores SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Surface sampling; Anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; Bioterrorism agent; Vacuum sampling ID ANTHRACIS SPORES; NONPOROUS SURFACES; DECONTAMINATION; RECOVERY; STERNE; ISSUES; SCALE; GAPS AB In this study, four commonly-used sampling devices (vacuum socks, 37 mm 0.8 mu m mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter cassettes, 37 mm 0.3 mu m polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter cassettes, and 3M (TM) forensic filters) were comparatively evaluated for their ability to recover surface-associated spores. Aerosolized spores (similar to 10(5) CPU cm(-2)) of a Bacillus anthracis surrogate were allowed to settle onto three material types (concrete, carpet, and upholstery). Ten replicate samples were collected using each vacuum method, from each material type. Stainless steel surfaces, inoculated simultaneously with test materials, were sampled with pre-moistened wipes. Wipe recoveries were utilized to normalize vacuum-based recoveries across trials. Recovery (CFU cm(-2)) and relative recovery (vacuum recovery/wipe recovery) were determined for each method and material type. Recoveries and relative recoveries ranged from 3.8 x 10(3) to 7.4 x 10(4) CFU cm(-2) and 0.035 to 1242, respectively. ANOVA results indicated that the 37 mm MCE method exhibited higher relative recoveries than the other methods when used for sampling concrete or upholstery. While the vacuum sock resulted in the highest relative recoveries on carpet, no statistically significant difference was detected. The results of this study may be used to guide selection of sampling approaches following biological contamination incidents. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Calfee, M. Worth] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rose, Laura J.; Morse, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mattorano, Dino] US EPA, Off Emergency Management, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Clayton, Matt; Touati, Abderrahmane; Griffin-Gatchalian, Nicole; McSweeney, Neal] ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller Inc, Durham, NC USA. [Slone, Christina] Kultech Inc, Cary, NC USA. RP Calfee, MW (reprint author), US EPA, MD E343-06,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM calfee.worth@epa.gov OI Calfee, Michael/0000-0001-6544-329X FU CDC [RW-75-92345701]; US EPA [RW-75-92345701] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development directed the research described herein under EP-C-09-027 with ARCADIS, Inc. This study was funded through an interagency agreement between the CDC and the US EPA (RW-75-92345701). The authors gratefully acknowledge the critical reviews by Sanjiv Shah (EPA) and Matthew Arduino (CDC). This manuscript has been subject to an administrative review but the findings and conclusions in this article are of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA or CDC. No official endorsement should be inferred. The US EPA and CDC do not endorse the purchase or sale of any commercial products or services. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 EI 1872-8359 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD DEC PY 2013 VL 95 IS 3 SI SI BP 389 EP 396 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.10.015 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 280BK UT WOS:000329003500016 PM 24184017 ER PT J AU Thomas, DJ AF Thomas, David J. TI The Die Is Cast: Arsenic Exposure in Early Life and Disease Susceptibility SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; DNA METHYLATION; DRINKING-WATER; CHILDHOOD EXPOSURE; CORD BLOOD; MICE; COHORT; BANGLADESH; CANCER AB Early life exposure to arsenic in humans and mice produces similar patterns of disease in later life. Given the long interval between exposure and effect, epigenetic effects of early life exposure to arsenic may account for the development and progression of disease in both species. Mode of action and dosimetric studies in the mouse may help assess the role of age at exposure as a factor in susceptibility to the toxic and carcinogenic effects of arsenic in humans. C1 US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Thomas, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Pharmacokinet Branch, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab,Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1778 EP 1781 DI 10.1021/tx4003337 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 275IE UT WOS:000328668700002 PM 24191665 ER PT J AU Etterson, MA AF Etterson, Matthew A. TI Hidden Markov models for estimating animal mortality from anthropogenic hazards SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE anthropogenic hazards; avian mortality; carbofuran; carcass searches; competing risks; granular insecticide; hidden Markov models; scavenging; searcher efficiency; wind turbine ID POINT-COUNT SURVEYS; BIRD MORTALITY; SONGBIRD CARCASSES; NEST-FAILURE; SURVIVAL; CONSERVATION; PESTICIDES; ABUNDANCE; FATALITY; REMOVAL AB Carcass searches are a common method for studying the risk of anthropogenic hazards to wildlife, including nontarget poisoning and collisions with anthropogenic structures. Typically, numbers of carcasses found must be corrected for scavenging rates and imperfect detection. Parameters for these processes (scavenging and detection) are often estimated using carcass distribution trials in which researchers place carcasses in the field at known times and locations. In this manuscript I develop a variety of estimators based on multi-event or hidden Markov models for use under different experimental conditions. I apply the estimators to two case studies of avian mortality, one from pesticide exposure and another at wind turbines. The proposed framework for mortality estimation points to a unified framework for estimation of scavenging rates and searcher efficiency in a single trial and also allows estimation based only on accidental kills, obviating the need for carcass distribution trials. Results of the case studies show wide variation in the performance of different estimators, but even wider confidence intervals around estimates of the numbers of animals killed, which are the direct result of small sample size in the carcass distribution trials employed. These results also highlight the importance of a well-formed hypothesis about the temporal nature of mortality at the focal hazard under study. C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Etterson, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM etterson.matthew@epa.gov NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 24 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 23 IS 8 BP 1915 EP 1925 DI 10.1890/12-1166.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 273XA UT WOS:000328568400013 PM 24555317 ER PT J AU Iiames, JS Congalton, RG Lunetta, RS AF Iiames, John S. Congalton, Russell G. Lunetta, Ross S. TI Analyst variation associated with land cover image classification of Landsat ETM plus data for the assessment of coarse spatial resolution regional/global land cover products SO GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE classification accuracy; analyst variation; aggregation; Landsat ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; SUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION; GEOGRAPHICAL ENTITIES; FORESTED ENVIRONMENT; SCALE; ISSUES; ERROR; PIXEL; MAPS AB This study examined analyst variation associated with land cover (LC) image classification using 30x30m Landsat ETM+ data for the assessment of coarse spatial resolution regional/global LC products. The study was designed to test the effect of varying training site selections (location and number) among six analysts performing a supervised classification on a Landsat ETM + image. Design constraints maintained other aspects of the classification process constant (i.e., type of classifier, choice of band combinations, etc.). Results indicated that training site selection alone did not provide a predictive measure of classification accuracy. Only when training data selection was combined with variations in spatial resolution did significant differences occur. Differences in classification accuracies between analysts increased threefold in the aggregation process from 90x90m to 1200x1200m. Error sources (i.e. analyst differences) and the dynamics of the spatial aggregation process can potentially account for differences in environmental modeling outcomes. C1 [Iiames, John S.; Lunetta, Ross S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Congalton, Russell G.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Iiames, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM iiames.john@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The US Environmental Protection Agency funded and conducted the research described in this article. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1548-1603 EI 1943-7226 J9 GISCI REMOTE SENS JI GISci. Remote Sens. PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 50 IS 6 BP 604 EP 622 DI 10.1080/15481603.2013.865399 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 272HK UT WOS:000328450800002 ER PT J AU Gerke, KM Sidle, RC Mallants, D AF Gerke, Kirill M. Sidle, Roy C. Mallants, Dirk TI Criteria for selecting fluorescent dye tracers for soil hydrological applications using Uranine as an example SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY AND HYDROMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Staining; Preferential flow paths visualization; Molar extinction coefficient; Tracer concentration quantification; Vadose zone hydrology ID BRILLIANT BLUE FCF; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; POROUS-MEDIA; WATER; DISTRIBUTIONS; INFILTRATION; MACROPORES AB Calibrating and verifying 2-D and 3-D vadose zone flow and transport models requires detailed information on water and solute redistribution. Among the different water flow and mass transfer determination methods, staining tracers have the best spatial resolution allowing visualization and quantification of fluid flow including preferential flow paths. Staining techniques have been used successfully for several decades; however, the hydrological community is still searching for an "ideal" vadose zone tracer regarding flow path visualization. To date, most research using staining dyes is carried out with Brilliant Blue FCF. Fluorescent dyes such as Uranine, however, have significant advantages over non-fluorescents which makes them a promising alternative. This paper presents the first analysis of key properties any fluorescent substance must possess to qualify as a staining fluorescent tracer in vadose zone hydrological applications. First, we summarize the main physico-chemical properties of Uranine and evaluate its staining tracer potential with conventional suitability indicators and visibility testing in a soil profile. Based on numerical analysis using the theory of fluorescence, we show that a low molar absorption coefficient is a crucial parameter to quantify concentration accurately. In addition, excitation of a tracer on wavelengths different from the maximum excitation wavelength can extend the linear range of the concentration-fluorescence relationship significantly. Finally, we develop criteria for evaluating the suitability of any potential fluorescent soil staining compound for soil hydrological applications: 1) high quantum yield, 2) low molar absorption coefficient, 3) fluorescence independent of temperature, 4) low photodecomposition rates, and 5) fluorescence stable across a wide range of pH values. C1 [Gerke, Kirill M.; Mallants, Dirk] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Sidle, Roy C.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Gerke, KM (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, PB2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. EM kirill.gerke@csiro.au RI Gerke, Kirill/F-5836-2013; Mallants, Dirk/A-5727-2012 OI Gerke, Kirill/0000-0002-8379-2132; Mallants, Dirk/0000-0001-7282-1981 FU Monbukagakushyou (MEXT) scholarship program; Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University; RFBR [12-05-01130-a, 12-05-33089-MOPi_a_BEPi, 12-04-32264-MOPi_a] FX This study was carried out under Monbukagakushyou (MEXT) scholarship program and partially supported by Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University and RFBR grants No. 12-05-01130-a, 12-05-33089-MO Pi_a_BE Pi and 12-04-32264-MO Pi_a. We thank first (internal) reviewers of this manuscript: Hamish Cresswell (CSIRO), Jordi Batlle-Aguilar (NCGRT, Flinders University), and Caroline Stevens (U. S. EPA). We thank Prof. Y. Toshinobu and Dr. Y. Tokuda (Kyoto University) for use of their chemical equipment and spectrofluorometer. This document has been reviewed in accordance with U. S Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 36 PU VEDA, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES PI BRATISLAVA PA DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, 842 34 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0042-790X EI 1338-4333 J9 J HYDROL HYDROMECH JI J. Hydrol. Hydromech. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 61 IS 4 BP 313 EP 325 DI 10.2478/johh-2013-0040 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 272XT UT WOS:000328497300008 ER PT J AU Mooberry, M Fisher, N Carraway, MS Smith, CB Kasthuri, R Udis, B Zucker, R Key, N AF Mooberry, M. Fisher, N. Carraway, M. S. Smith, C. B. Kasthuri, R. Udis, B. Zucker, R. Key, N. TI Analysis of synthetic and biological microparticles on several flow cytometric platforms SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Flow cytometry; Microparticles C1 [Mooberry, M.; Fisher, N.; Kasthuri, R.; Udis, B.; Key, N.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Carraway, M. S.; Smith, C. B.; Zucker, R.] US EPA, NHEERL, EPHD, ORD, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1538-7933 EI 1538-7836 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 11 SU 3 SI SI BP 41 EP 41 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 265BL UT WOS:000327924600106 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI News SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 863 EP 864 DI 10.1007/s10098-013-0671-x PG 2 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900002 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Reactionware for chemical synthesis from a 3D printer SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 864 EP 865 PG 2 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900003 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI A fluorocarbon climate bomb SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 865 EP 865 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900004 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Nanomatter toxicology SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 865 EP 865 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900005 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Hardrock mining pollution assessment SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 866 EP 867 PG 2 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900008 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Energy efficiency and political ideologies SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 866 EP 866 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900007 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Environmental benefits from carbon markets SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 866 EP 866 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900006 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI 9th Warmest year on record: 2012 SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 867 EP 867 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900009 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Green metrics assessment of chemical processes using phosgene SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 867 EP 868 PG 2 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900010 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Electric vehicle environmental impact advantages SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 868 EP 869 PG 2 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900012 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Mountaintop mining unexpected effects SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 868 EP 868 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900011 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Honey bee colony decline SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 869 EP 869 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900014 ER PT J AU Glaser, JA AF Glaser, John A. TI Nanotechnology contribution to electric vehicle batteries SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY LA English DT News Item C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Glaser.John@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1618-954X EI 1618-9558 J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy PD DEC PY 2013 VL 15 IS 6 BP 869 EP 869 PG 1 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 268YD UT WOS:000328205900013 ER PT J AU Angradi, TR Pearson, MS Bolgrien, DW Bellinger, BJ Starry, MA Reschke, C AF Angradi, Ted R. Pearson, Mark S. Bolgrien, David W. Bellinger, Brent J. Starry, Matthew A. Reschke, Carol TI Predicting submerged aquatic vegetation cover and occurrence in a Lake Superior estuary SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE St. Louis River; Lake Superior; Hydroacoustic survey; Predictive model; Submerged aquatic vegetation; Ecosystem services ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; VALLISNERIA-AMERICANA; COASTAL WETLANDS; WATER-QUALITY; CHESAPEAKE BAY; DISTURBANCE GRADIENT; MACROPHYTES; ABUNDANCE; ECOSYSTEM AB Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) provides the biophysical basis for multiple ecosystem services in Great Lakes estuaries. Understanding sources of variation in SAV is necessary for sustainable management of SAV habitat. From data collected using hydroacoustic survey methods, we created predictive models for SAV in the St Louis River Estuary (SLRE) of western Lake Superior. The dominant SAV species in most areas of the estuary was American wild celery (Vallisneria americana Michx.). Maximum depth of SAV in 2011 was approximately 2.1 m. In regression tree models, most of the variation in SAV cover was explained by an autoregression (lag) term, depth, and a measure of exposure based on fetch. Logistic SAV occurrence models including water depth, exposure, bed slope, substrate fractal dimension, lag term, and interactions predicted the occurrence of SAV in three areas of the St Louis River with 78-86% accuracy based on cross validation of a holdout dataset Reduced models, excluding fractal dimension and the lag term, predicted SAV occurrence with 75-82% accuracy based on cross validation and with 68-85% accuracy for an independent SAV dataset collected using a different sampling method. In one area of the estuary, the probability of SAV occurrence was related to the interaction of depth and exposure. At more exposed sites, SAV was more likely to occur in shallow areas than at less exposed sites. Our predictive models show the range of depth, exposure, and bed slope favorable for SAV in the SLRE; information useful for planning shallow-water habitat restoration projects. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Angradi, Ted R.; Pearson, Mark S.; Bolgrien, David W.; Bellinger, Brent J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Starry, Matthew A.] SRA Int Inc, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Reschke, Carol] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. RP Angradi, TR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM angradi.theodore@epa.gov OI Reschke, Carol/0000-0003-2396-6863 NR 70 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 39 IS 4 BP 536 EP 546 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.013 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 270JI UT WOS:000328314300003 ER PT J AU Negus, MT Hoffman, JC AF Negus, Mary T. Hoffman, Joel C. TI Habitat and diet differentiation by two strains of rainbow trout in Lake Superior based on archival tags, stable isotopes, and bioenergetics SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rainbow trout; Steelhead; Potamodromous; Archival tags; Stable isotopes; Bioenergetics ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; FOOD-WEB; SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; ENERGETICS; MICHIGAN; NITROGEN; ONTARIO; RATES; TEMPERATURES; POPULATION AB Three analytical tools including archival tags, stable isotope analysis, and bioenergetics modeling were applied to two strains of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Minnesota waters of Lake Superior to determine habitat and trophic position. Between 2006 and 2009, archival tags that recorded time, temperature, and pressure were surgically implanted into the peritoneal cavities of 34 steelhead ("STT") and 93 Kamloops ("KAM") which were released into Lake Superior. After the initial spawning season, 10 SIT and 9 KAM tags were recovered, with up to two years of recorded data. Both strains were surface-oriented, spending more than half of their time as adults in the top 1 m of water, and 80% of their time in the top 2 m. Diel vertical movements were noted more often in SIT, likely reflecting higher consumption of Mysis diluviana, while the frequencies of other vertical movement patterns were similar between the two strains. Mean temperatures recorded by tags were used in bioenergetics simulations to estimate consumption of prey species. Temperatures recorded by archival tags were warmer than the water temperatures used in earlier bioenergetics simulations in Minnesota waters, and estimated consumption of prey fish by SIT and KAM populations at the warmer temperatures was about 23% greater. Stable isotope analyses reflected higher consumption of small fish by both predator strains than identified in prior diet summaries based on stomach contents. Based on these analyses, habitats occupied by both strains are similar, and their impact on prey fish populations in nearshore waters is greater than previously estimated. (C) 2013 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Negus, Mary T.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Hoffman, Joel C.] US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Negus, MT (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 5351 North Shore Dr, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM negus.mt@gmail.com; hoffman.joel@epa.gov FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration (Dingell-Johnson) Program, D-J Project F29-R, Minnesota FX We thank the Duluth Area and Lake Superior Area staff from the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources for accommodating and assisting with the implantation of archival tags during spring trapping operations, and recovering tagged fish at adult traps. Dr. Roger Bergstedt generously helped with the archival tag study by demonstrating surgical procedures, providing equipment recommendations, and offering helpful advice whenever needed. David Staples provided statistical analyses of behavior patterns. Anne Cotter analyzed tissue samples for stable isotope analysis, with help from Megan McGovern. Charles Anderson, Donald Pereira, Rodney Pierce, and Brian Herwig provided editorial reviews that improved this paper. This study was funded in part by the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration (Dingell-Johnson) Program, D-J Project F29-R, Minnesota. The views expressed in this chapter are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 39 IS 4 BP 578 EP 590 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.012 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 270JI UT WOS:000328314300008 ER PT J AU Marko, KM Rutherford, ES Eadie, BJ Johengen, TH Lansing, MB AF Marko, Katharine M. Rutherford, Edward S. Eadie, Brian J. Johengen, Thomas H. Lansing, Margaret B. TI Delivery of nutrients and seston from the Muskegon River Watershed to near shore Lake Michigan SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Stable isotopes; Muskegon River; Lake Michigan; Seston; Near shore; Nutrients ID ALEWIFE ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; GREAT-LAKES; STABLE-ISOTOPES; RECRUITMENT SUCCESS; PARTICULATE MATTER; ORGANIC-MATTER; SEDIMENT TRAPS; FOOD WEBS; NITROGEN; CARBON AB Drowned river mouth lakes are major features of coastal Great Lakes habitats and may influence nutrient and organic matter contributions from watersheds to near shore coastal zones. In May through October 2003, we measured loads of nutrients, surficial sediment, and seston to track the delivery of riverine-derived materials from the lower Muskegon River Watershed (MRW) into the near shore area of southeast Lake Michigan. Nutrient flux data indicated that seasonal loads of 1800 metric tons (MT) of particulate organic carbon, 3400 MT of dissolved organic carbon, and 24 MT of total phosphorus were discharged from the lower Muskegon River, with approximately 33% of TP load and 53% of the POC load intercepted within the drowned river mouth terminus, Muskegon Lake. Carbon: phosphorus molar ratios of seston in Muskegon River (C:P = 187) and Muskegon Lake (C:P = 176) were lower than in Lake Michigan (C:P = 334), indicating phosphorus limitation of phytoplankton in near shore Lake Michigan. Isotopic signatures of seston collected in Muskegon Lake were depleted in delta C-13 (-30.8 +/- 1.6 parts per thousand) relative to the isotope signatures of seston from Lake Michigan (-26.2 +/- 13 parts per thousand) or the mouth of the Muskegon River (-28.1 +/- 0.5 parts per thousand), likely due to the presence of biogenic methane in Muskegon Lake. Seston delta N-15 increased on a strong east-to-west gradient within Muskegon Lake, indicating significant microbial processing of nutrients. The extent of nutrient uptake in Muskegon Lake altered the chemical and isotopic characterization of seston flowing into Lake Michigan from Muskegon River. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Marko, Katharine M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Rutherford, Edward S.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Fisheries Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Rutherford, Edward S.; Eadie, Brian J.; Lansing, Margaret B.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Johengen, Thomas H.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Marko, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Pacific Coastal Ecol Branch, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM marko.katharine@epa.gov; ed.rutherford@noaa.gov; brian.eadie@noaa.gov; johengen@umich.edu; Margaret.lansing@noaa.gov OI Rutherford, Edward/0000-0002-7282-6667 FU University of Michigan's (UM) Office of Vice President of Research; Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research; UM School of Natural Resources and Environment; Great Lakes Fisheries Trust FX We acknowledge support from the University of Michigan's (UM) Office of Vice President of Research, the Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, the UM School of Natural Resources and Environment; and the Great Lakes Fisheries Trust. The field assistance for this project was provided by Lori Ivan, Tomas Hook, David Swank, Jessica Blake, Becky Loftus, Joel Van Noord, and Rob McTear. Help in creating the site map was provided by Lacey Mason (University of Michigan), and the contour plots were created by Pat Clinton (US EPA). This is contribution number 2013-1676 from NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory. NR 59 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 39 IS 4 BP 672 EP 681 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.08.002 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 270JI UT WOS:000328314300018 ER PT J AU Heist, D Isakov, V Perry, S Snyder, M Venkatram, A Hood, C Stocker, J Carruthers, D Arunachalam, S Owen, RC AF Heist, David Isakov, Vlad Perry, Steven Snyder, Michelle Venkatram, Akula Hood, Christina Stocker, Jenny Carruthers, David Arunachalam, Saravanan Owen, R. Chris TI Estimating near-road pollutant dispersion: A model inter-comparison SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality modeling; Near-road; Pollutant dispersion; Mobile sources; Model comparison ID INDUSTRIAL SOURCE APPLICATIONS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; PERFORMANCE; FORMULATION; AERMOD; WIND AB A model inter-comparison study to assess the abilities of steady-state Gaussian dispersion models to capture near-road pollutant dispersion has been carried out with four models (AERMOD, run with both the area-source and volume-source options to represent roadways, CALINE, versions 3 and 4, ADMS and RLINE). Two field tracer studies are used: the Idaho Falls tracer study and the Caltrans Highway 99 tracer study. Model performance measures are calculated using concentrations (observed and estimated) that are paired in time and space, since many of the health related questions involve outcomes associated with spatially and temporally distributed human activities. All four models showed an ability to estimate the majority of downwind concentrations within a factor of two of the observations. RUNE, AERMOD-V, and ADMS, also have the capability to predict concentrations upwind of the roadway that result from low-speed meandering of the plume. Generally, RLINE, ADMS, and AERMOD (both source types) had overall performance statistics that were broadly similar, while CALINE 3 and 4 both produced a larger degree of scatter in their concentration estimates. The models performed best for near-neutral conditions in both tracer studies, but had mixed results under convective and stable conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Heist, David; Isakov, Vlad; Perry, Steven; Snyder, Michelle; Owen, R. Chris] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Venkatram, Akula] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hood, Christina; Stocker, Jenny; Carruthers, David] Cambridge Environm Res Consultants, Cambridge, England. [Arunachalam, Saravanan] Univ N Carolina, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Heist, D (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM heist.david@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development FX We thank colleagues within EPA for their constructive suggestions for improving this manuscript. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described. It has been subjected to Agency's administrative review and approved for publication. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1361-9209 J9 TRANSPORT RES D-TR E JI Transport. Res. Part D-Transport. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 25 BP 93 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.trd.2013.09.003 PG 13 WC Environmental Studies; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Transportation GA 270FA UT WOS:000328303100012 ER PT J AU Kang, DW Hogrefe, C Foley, KL Napelenok, SL Mathur, R Rao, ST AF Kang, Daiwen Hogrefe, Christian Foley, Kristen L. Napelenok, Sergey L. Mathur, Rohit Rao, S. Trivikrama TI Application of the Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filter and the decoupled direct 3D method for the dynamic evaluation of a regional air quality model SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filter; Dynamic evaluation; CMAQ air quality model; DDM-3D; Ozone baseline ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; TIME SCALES; OZONE; CMAQ; EMISSIONS; SYSTEM; PREDICTIONS; METEOROLOGY; VARIABLES AB Regional air quality models are being used in a policy-setting to assess the changes in air pollutant concentrations from changes in emissions and meteorology. Dynamic evaluation entails examination of a retrospective case(s) to examine whether an air quality model has properly predicted the air quality response to known changes in emissions and/or meteorology. In this study, the Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter has been used to spectrally decompose pollutant time series into different forcings that are controlled by different atmospheric processes influencing the predicted and observed pollutant concentrations. Through analyses of the different components influenced by different forcings as part of dynamic model evaluation, we can discern which of the component(s) or scale(s) of forcing are simulated well by the model and the component(s) or scale(s) of forcing needing further improvement in the model. The KZ filter has been applied to both the observed and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model-predicted summertime ozone (O-3) time series in years 2002 and 2005. The 2002-2005 time period is a good candidate for the dynamic evaluation case study because of the large changes in NOx emissions as a result of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) NOx State Implementation Plan (SIP) call together with a gradual decline in mobile emissions. Results suggest that the CMAQ model performs similarly for both years in terms of capturing the observed synoptic-scale forcing. However, the changes in the observed ozone baseline component (i.e. longer-term variations) are not properly captured by the model at some locations. The factors contributing to the ozone baseline include emissions loading, boundary conditions, and other parameters that vary slowly over time. Analysis using a reduced form model developed from the sensitivity coefficients calculated from the decoupled direct method in three dimensions (DDM-3D) reveals that ground-level NOx emissions, especially those from mobile and area source sectors, may be overestimated in 2005 as there is an increase in the mean bias for the 2005 ozone simulations from its 2002 level at the majority of AQS sites located within the states affected by the NOx SIP Call. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kang, Daiwen] Comp Sci Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hogrefe, Christian; Foley, Kristen L.; Napelenok, Sergey L.; Mathur, Rohit; Rao, S. Trivikrama] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling & Anal Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kang, DW (reprint author), Comp Sci Corp, 79 TW Alexander Dr,Bldg 4401,Room 431A, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kangdaiwen@gmail.com RI Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014 OI Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445 FU EPA [GS-35F-4381G, T/O 1522] FX The authors thank Brian Eder and Shawn Roselle for their helpful comments on the manuscript. Although this manuscript has been reviewed and approved for publication, it does not necessarily reflect the policy or views of the US Environmental Protection Agency. The work presented in this paper was supported in part under EPA contract GS-35F-4381G, T/O 1522 to the Computer Sciences Corporation. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 80 BP 58 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.046 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 267JV UT WOS:000328094800007 ER PT J AU Liang, MS Keener, TC Birch, ME Baldauf, R Neal, J Yang, YJ AF Liang, Marissa S. Keener, Timothy C. Birch, M. Eileen Baldauf, Richard Neal, Jill Yang, Y. Jeffrey TI Low-wind and other microclimatic factors in near-road black carbon variability: A case study and assessment implications SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Black carbon; On-road traffic emission; Gaussian dispersion; Near-road transport; Climate change ID SULFATE DISPERSION EXPERIMENT; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; AIR-QUALITY; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODEL; PLUME; ATMOSPHERE; HIGHWAY AB Airborne black carbon from urban traffic is a climate forcing agent and has been associated with health risks to near-road populations. In this paper, we describe a case study of black carbon concentration and compositional variability at and near a traffic-laden multi-lane highway in Cincinnati, Ohio, using an onsite aethalometer and filter-based NIOSH Method 5040 measurements; the former measured 1-min average black carbon concentrations and the latter determined the levels of organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) averaged over an approximately 2-h time interval. The results show significant wind and temperature effects on black carbon concentration and composition in a way more complex than predicted by Gaussian dispersion models. Under oblique low winds, namely u(x)[= u x sin(theta)] similar to (0, -0.5 m s(-1)), which mostly occurred during morning hours, black carbon concentrations per unit traffic flow were highest and had large variation. The variability did not always follow Gaussian dispersion but was characteristic of a uniform distribution at a near-road distance. Under all other wind conditions, the near-road black carbon variation met Gaussian dispersion characteristics. Significant differences in roadside dispersion are observed between DC and EC fractions, between PM2.5 and PM10-2.5, and between the morning period and rest of the day. In a general case, the overall black carbon variability at the multi-lane highway can be stated as bimodal consisting of Gaussian dispersion and non-Gaussian uniform distribution. Transition between the two types depends on wind velocity and wind angle to the traffic flow. In the order of decreasing importance, the microclimatic controlling factors over the black carbon variability are: 1) wind velocity and the angle with traffic; 2) diurnal temperature variations due to thermal buoyancy; and 3) downwind Gaussian dispersion. Combinations of these factors may have created various traffic-microclimate interactions that have significant impact on near-road black carbon transport. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liang, Marissa S.; Keener, Timothy C.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Birch, M. Eileen] NIOSH, US Ctr Dis Control, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. [Baldauf, Richard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Neal, Jill; Yang, Y. Jeffrey] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Keener, TC (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biomed Chem & Environm Engn, Coll Engn & Appl Sci, POB 210012, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM liangsg@mail.uc.edu; tim.keener@uc.edu FU EPA [EP-006-011] FX The authors sincerely thank Zhuo Yao, Hao Liu, Jiangchuan Hu and Beizhao for their generous support in field investigation and data processing and are grateful to Dr. Vlad Isakov of EPA, Drs. Pratim Biswas of Washington University in St. Louis, and Drs. Heng Wei, Mingming Lu, and Xinhao Wang of the University of Cincinnati, for their technical review and constructive comments. Field sampling and characterization of this research were funded and conducted under EPA contract EP-006-011. The authors acknowledge the use of NIOSH laboratories, Cincinnati, Ohio, for OC-EC analyses. The research described herein has been subjected to technical and administrative review by US EPA and CDC/NIOSH, and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agencies; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of company name or product does not constitute endorsement by EPA or CDC/NIOSH. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 80 BP 204 EP 215 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.057 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 267JV UT WOS:000328094800022 PM 26561363 ER PT J AU Piletic, IR Offenberg, JH Olson, DA Jaoui, M Krug, J Lewandowski, M Turlington, JM Kleindienst, TE AF Piletic, Ivan R. Offenberg, John H. Olson, David A. Jaoui, Mohammed Krug, Jonathan Lewandowski, Michael Turlington, John M. Kleindienst, Tadeusz E. TI Constraining carbonaceous aerosol sources in a receptor model by including C-14 data with redox species, organic tracers, and elemental/organic carbon measurements SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Source apportionment; Primary organic aerosol; Secondary organic aerosol; Positive matrix factorization; C-14 Isotope; Modern carbon fraction ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; ACCRETION REACTIONS; SOUTHEASTERN US; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; EMISSION RATES; UNITED-STATES; MASS-SPECTRA AB Sources of carbonaceous PM2.5 were quantified in downtown Cleveland, OH and Chippewa Lake, OH located similar to 40 miles southwest of Cleveland during the Cleveland Multiple Air Pollutant Study (CMAPS). PM2.5 filter samples were collected daily during July-August 2009 and February 2010 to establish the seasonal emission patterns from local and regional sources. Radiocarbon (C-14), redox species (NOx, SO2 and ozone), 28 primary and secondary organic aerosol tracers, elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) measurements were analyzed using the EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model to apportion carbonaceous aerosol sources. Five sources were identified at each site: mobile sources, fossil fuel combustion from fuels containing sulfur, local biomass combustion, other combustion (regional biomass, waste, meat, coal), and secondary organic aerosol (SOA). C-14 data were incorporated in the PMF analysis as a novel method to obtain the modern carbon fraction (f(mod)) of each source individually which aided all factor interpretations. SOA was the principal carbon source during summer as shown by the PMF analysis and a separate tracer based mass fraction method while biomass burning and other combustion sources were dominant in winter. Elevated levels of EC and fossilized carbon in downtown Cleveland are primarily attributed to increased mobile source and coal combustion emissions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Piletic, Ivan R.; Offenberg, John H.; Olson, David A.; Krug, Jonathan; Lewandowski, Michael; Turlington, John M.; Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jaoui, Mohammed] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Piletic, IR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM piletic.ivan@epa.gov RI Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009 OI Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024 FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-D-10-070] FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under Contract EP-D-10-070 to Alion Science and Technology. The manuscript has been subjected to external peer review and has been cleared for publication. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 47 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 80 BP 216 EP 225 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.062 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 267JV UT WOS:000328094800023 ER PT J AU Venkatram, A Snyder, M Isakov, V Kimbrough, S AF Venkatram, Akula Snyder, Michelle Isakov, Vlad Kimbrough, Sue TI Impact of wind direction on near-road pollutant concentrations SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Roadways; Dispersion modeling; Wind direction; Variable winds; Mobile sources ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; DISPERSION MODEL; AIR-QUALITY AB Exposure to roadway emissions is an emerging area of research because of recent epidemiological studies reporting association between living within a few hundred meters of high-traffic roadways and adverse health effects. The air quality impact of roadway emissions has been studied in a number of field experiments, most of which have not fully considered the impact of wind direction on near-road concentrations. This paper examines the role of wind direction by using a dispersion model to analyze data from three field studies that include measurements under varying wind directions: 1) a tracer study conducted adjacent to highway 99 in Sacramento, CA in 1981-82, 2) a field study next to a highway in Raleigh, North Carolina in 2006, and 3) a field study conducted next to a depressed highway in Las Vegas, Nevada in 2010. We find that wind direction is an important variable in characterizing exposure to roadway emissions. Under stable conditions, the near-surface concentrations at receptors up to 100 m from the road increase with wind angle before dropping off at angles close to parallel to the road. It is only for pollutants with short life times does the maximum concentration occur when the wind direction is normal to the road. We also show that current dispersion models are reliable tools for interpreting observations and for formulating plans for field studies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Venkatram, Akula] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Snyder, Michelle; Isakov, Vlad] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kimbrough, Sue] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Venkatram, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM venky@engr.ucr.edu OI Kimbrough, Evelyn Sue/0000-0002-7246-0255 FU U.S. EPA; Federal Highway Administration FX This research study was in part funded by a collaboration between the U.S. EPA and the Federal Highway Administration. The authors acknowledge the participation and collaboration of Victoria Martinez of the Federal Highway Administration throughout the Las Vegas study. The authors are grateful to Drs. David Heist and Steven Perry of EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory for useful discussions on the formulation of the line source model, and for their help in constructing meteorological inputs from the Caltrans observations. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 80 BP 248 EP 258 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.073 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 267JV UT WOS:000328094800026 ER PT J AU Baker, KR Misenis, C Obland, MD Ferrare, RA Scarino, AJ Kelly, JT AF Baker, Kirk R. Misenis, Chris Obland, Michael D. Ferrare, Richard A. Scarino, Amy J. Kelly, James T. TI Evaluation of surface and upper air fine scale WRF meteorological modeling of the May and June 2010 CalNex period in California SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE WRF; California; CalNex; HSRL; South Coast; San Joaquin ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; NONLOCAL CLOSURE-MODEL; LOW-LEVEL WINDS; PART I; HYDROLOGY MODEL; QUALITY MODELS; AEROSOL; SENSITIVITY; VALLEY; OZONE AB Prognostic meteorological models such as Mesoscale Model (MM5) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) are often used to supply inputs for retrospective air quality modeling done to support ozone and PM2.5 emission control demonstrations. In this study, multiple configurations of the WRF model are applied at 4 km grid resolution and compared to routine meteorological measurements and special study measurements taken in California during May-June 2010. One configuration is routinely used by US EPA to generate meteorological inputs for regulatory air quality modeling and another that is used by research scientists for evaluating meteorology and air quality. Mixing layer heights estimated from airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) measurements of aerosol backscatter are compared with WRF modeled planetary boundary layer (PBL) height estimates. Both WRF configurations generally capture the variability in HSRL mixing height between days, hour-to-hour, and between surface features such as terrain and land water interfaces. Fractional bias over all flights and both model configurations range from -38% to 32% and fractional error ranges from 22% to 58%. Surface and upper level measurements of temperature, water mixing ratio, and winds are generally well characterized by both WRF model configurations, often more closely matching surface observations than the input analysis data (12-NAM). The WRF model generally captures orographic and mesoscale meteorological features in the central Valley (bifurcation of wind flow from the San Francisco bay into the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys) and Los Angeles air basin (ocean-land flows) during this summer period. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Baker, Kirk R.; Misenis, Chris; Kelly, James T.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Obland, Michael D.; Ferrare, Richard A.; Scarino, Amy J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Scarino, Amy J.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA. RP Baker, KR (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM baker.kirk@epa.gov RI Kelly, James/F-8135-2010 OI Kelly, James/0000-0001-6574-5714 FU NASA HQ Science Mission Directorate Radiation Sciences Program [B-200/HSRL]; NASA CALIPSO project; DOE ASR Program [DE-AI02-05ER63985]; NASA [B-200]; HSRL FX The authors appreciate the contribution from Robert Gilliam, Lara Reynolds, Brian Eder, Pat Dolwick, and Ann Marie Carlton. The authors thank the NASA B-200 and HSRL teams for the outstanding work in support of the CALNEX mission. Funding for the B-200/HSRL deployment and investigations came from the NASA HQ Science Mission Directorate Radiation Sciences Program, the NASA CALIPSO project, and the DOE ASR Program, via Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI02-05ER63985. NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 80 BP 299 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.006 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 267JV UT WOS:000328094800032 ER PT J AU Kwok, RHF Napelenok, SL Baker, KR AF Kwok, R. H. F. Napelenok, S. L. Baker, K. R. TI Implementation and evaluation of PM2.5 source contribution analysis in a photochemical model SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Source apportionment; CMAQ; Regional air quality modeling; Integrated Source Apportionment Method; ISAM ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; CMAQ; ALGORITHM; CHEMISTRY; ADJOINT; SYSTEM; REGION AB Source culpability assessments are useful for developing effective emissions control programs. The Integrated Source Apportionment Method (ISAM) has been implemented in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to track contributions from source groups and regions to ambient levels and deposited amounts of primary and secondary inorganic PM2.5. Confidence in this approach is established by comparing ISAM source contribution estimates to emissions zero-out simulations recognizing that these approaches are not always expected to provide the same answer. The comparisons are expected to be most similar for more linear processes such as those involving primary emissions of PM2.5 and most different for non-linear systems like ammonium nitrate formation. Primarily emitted PM2.5 (e.g. elemental carbon), sulfur dioxide, ammonia, and nitrogen oxide contribution estimates compare well to zero-out estimates for ambient concentration and deposition. PM2.5 sulfate ion relationships are strong, but nonlinearity is evident and shown to be related to aqueous phase oxidation reactions in the host model. ISAM and zero-out contribution estimates are less strongly related for PM2.5 ammonium nitrate, resulting from instances of non-linear chemistry and negative responses (increases in PM2.5 due to decreases in emissions). ISAM is demonstrated in the context of an annual simulation tracking well characterized emissions source sectors and boundary conditions shows source contributions generally following bulk model seasonal trends and spatially corresponding to the geographic distribution of identified emissions source sectors. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kwok, R. H. F.; Napelenok, S. L.; Baker, K. R.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Kwok, RHF (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Kwok.Roger@epa.gov RI Napelenok, Sergey/I-7986-2014 OI Napelenok, Sergey/0000-0002-7038-7445 FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the United States Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to recognize the contributions to this project: Zion Wang, Gail Tonnesen, Kristen Foley, David Wong, Brian Eder, Shawn Roselle, Rohit Mathur, Patrick Dolwick, and Norman Possiel. This research was performed while Roger Kwok held a National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the United States Environmental Protection Agency. NR 25 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 72 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 80 BP 398 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.017 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 267JV UT WOS:000328094800043 ER PT J AU Beauchamp, JD Pleil, JD AF Beauchamp, J. D. Pleil, J. D. TI Simply breath-taking? Developing a strategy for consistent breath sampling SO JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Beauchamp, J. D.] Fraunhofer Inst Proc Engn & Packaging IVV, Dept Sensory Analyt, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Pleil, J. D.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Beauchamp, JD (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Proc Engn & Packaging IVV, Dept Sensory Analyt, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. EM jonathan.beauchamp@ivv.fraunhofer.de; pleil.joachim@epa.gov RI Beauchamp, Jonathan/J-6914-2014; OI Beauchamp, Jonathan/0000-0003-1405-7625; Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1752-7155 EI 1752-7163 J9 J BREATH RES JI J. Breath Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 AR 042001 DI 10.1088/1752-7155/7/4/042001 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Respiratory System GA 262NG UT WOS:000327741600002 PM 24002845 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD AF Pleil, Joachim D. TI So, you have been asked to peer review an article for Journal of Breath Research SO JOURNAL OF BREATH RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, NERL ORD, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, NERL ORD, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM joachim@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1752-7155 EI 1752-7163 J9 J BREATH RES JI J. Breath Res. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 AR 040201 DI 10.1088/1752-7155/7/4/040201 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Respiratory System GA 262NG UT WOS:000327741600001 PM 24002808 ER PT J AU King, K AF King, Katherine TI Neighborhood walkable urban form and C-reactive protein SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Inflammation; C-reactive protein; Walkability; Walkable urban form; Density; Land use mix ID SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; AIR-POLLUTION; OLDER-ADULTS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION; SOCIAL-RELATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; MARKERS; ASSOCIATION AB Background. Walkable urban form predicts physical activity and lower body mass index, which lower C-reactive protein (CRP). However, urban form is also related to pollution, noise, social and health behavior, crowding, and other stressors, which may complement or contravene walkability effects. Purpose. This paper assesses within-neighborhood correlation of CRP, and whether three features of walkable urban form (residential density, street connectivity, and land use mix) are associated with CRP levels. Methods. CRP measures (n = 610) and sociodemographic data come from the 2001-3 Chicago Community Adult Health Study, linked with objective built environment data. Results. Within-neighborhood correlations of CRP are greater than those of related health measures. A one standard deviation increase in residential density predicts significantly higher log CRP (e.g. beta = 0.11, p < .01) in Chicago, while a one standard deviation increase in land use mix predicts significantly lower CRP (e.g. beta = -0.19, p < 0.01). Street connectivity is unrelated to CRP in this highly walkable city. Discussion. Results suggest that residential density may be a risk factor for inflammation, while greater walkability of mixed land use areas may be protective. It may be that negative aspects of density overcome the inflammatory benefits of walking. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [King, Katherine] US EPA, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [King, Katherine] Duke Univ, Dept Sociol, Durham, NC 27707 USA. RP King, K (reprint author), US EPA, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. OI King, Katherine/0000-0001-8615-1894 FU Michigan Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities [P60MD002249]; National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Duke University Medical Center [T32 AG000029]; US Department of Energy; EPA; NICHD Center [R24 HD041028] FX The author is deeply grateful for the contributions of three anonymous reviewers. This work was supported in part by the Michigan Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities (P60MD002249) funded by the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, in part by a fellowship at Duke University Medical Center (T32 AG000029), and in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the EPA. The author gratefully acknowledges use of the services and facilities of the Population Studies Center at the University of Michigan, funded by NICHD Center Grant R24 HD041028. This work does not represent the official policies of the Environmental Protection Agency. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 57 IS 6 BP 850 EP 854 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.09.019 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 260BR UT WOS:000327570500019 PM 24096140 ER PT J AU Scholz, S Sela, E Blaha, L Braunbeck, T Galay-Burgos, M Garcia-Franco, M Guinea, J Kluver, N Schirmer, K Tanneberger, K Tobor-Kaplon, M Witters, H Belanger, S Benfenati, E Creton, S Cronin, MTD Eggen, RIL Embry, M Ekman, D Gourmelon, A Halder, M Hardy, B Hartung, T Hubesch, B Jungmann, D Lampi, MA Lee, L Leonard, M Kuster, E Lillicrap, A Luckenbach, T Murk, AJ Navas, JM Peijnenburg, W Repetto, G Salinas, E Schuurmann, G Spielmann, H Tollefsen, KE Walter-Rohde, S Whale, G Wheeler, JR Winter, MJ AF Scholz, Stefan Sela, Erika Blaha, Ludek Braunbeck, Thomas Galay-Burgos, Malyka Garcia-Franco, Mauricio Guinea, Joaquin Kluever, Nils Schirmer, Kristin Tanneberger, Katrin Tobor-Kaplon, Marysia Witters, Hilda Belanger, Scott Benfenati, Emilio Creton, Stuart Cronin, Mark T. D. Eggen, Rik I. L. Embry, Michelle Ekman, Drew Gourmelon, Anne Halder, Marlies Hardy, Barry Hartung, Thomas Hubesch, Bruno Jungmann, Dirk Lampi, Mark A. Lee, Lucy Leonard, Marc Kuester, Eberhard Lillicrap, Adam Luckenbach, Till Murk, Albertinka J. Navas, Jose M. Peijnenburg, Willie Repetto, Guillermo Salinas, Edward Schueuermann, Gerrit Spielmann, Horst Tollefsen, Knut Erik Walter-Rohde, Susanne Whale, Graham Wheeler, James R. Winter, Matthew J. TI A European perspective on alternatives to animal testing for environmental hazard identification and risk assessment SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cell lines; 3Rs; QSAR; Read-across; Exposure-based waiving; Fish embryo test; Acute toxicity; Chronic toxicity; Endocrine disruption; Bioconcentration ID ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; PLANT-PROTECTION PRODUCTS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; ADVERSE OUTCOME PATHWAYS; ACUTE FISH TOXICITY; IN-VITRO; TOXICOLOGICAL CONCERN; DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; AQUATIC TOXICITY; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS AB Tests with vertebrates are an integral part of environmental hazard identification and risk assessment of chemicals, plant protection products, pharmaceuticals, biocides, feed additives and effluents. These tests raise ethical and economic concerns and are considered as inappropriate for assessing all of the substances and effluents that require regulatory testing. Hence, there is a strong demand for replacement, reduction and refinement strategies and methods. However, until now alternative approaches have only rarely been used in regulatory settings. This review provides an overview on current regulations of chemicals and the requirements for animal tests in environmental hazard and risk assessment. It aims to highlight the potential areas for alternative approaches in environmental hazard identification and risk assessment. Perspectives and limitations of alternative approaches to animal tests using vertebrates in environmental toxicology, i.e. mainly fish and amphibians, are discussed. Free access to existing (proprietary) animal test data, availability of validated alternative methods and a practical implementation of conceptual approaches such as the Adverse Outcome Pathways and Integrated Testing Strategies were identified as major requirements towards the successful development and implementation of alternative approaches. Although this article focusses on European regulations, its considerations and conclusions are of global relevance. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Scholz, Stefan] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Bioanalyt Ecotoxicol, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Sela, Erika; Garcia-Franco, Mauricio; Guinea, Joaquin] ZF Biolabs, Tres Cantos 28760, Madrid, Spain. [Blaha, Ludek] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci RECETOX Res Ctr Tox Cpds Environm, Brno 62500, Czech Republic. [Braunbeck, Thomas] Heidelberg Univ, COS Ctr Organismal Studies, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Galay-Burgos, Malyka] ECETOC European Ctr Ecotoxicol & Toxicol Chem, B-1160 Brussels, Belgium. [Schirmer, Kristin; Tanneberger, Katrin] Eawag, Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Toxicol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Schirmer, Kristin] EPF Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Schirmer, Kristin; Eggen, Rik I. L.] ETH, Dept Environm Syst Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Tobor-Kaplon, Marysia] WIL Res Europe BV, NL-5231 DD sHertogenbosch, Netherlands. [Witters, Hilda] Flemish Inst Technol Res Vito, Team Appl Bio & Mol Syst ABS, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Belanger, Scott] Procter & Gamble Co, Global Prod Stewardship, Mason, OH 45040 USA. [Benfenati, Emilio] IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol, Mario Negri Lab Environm Chem & Toxicol, I-20156 Milan, Italy. [Creton, Stuart] Natl Ctr Replacement Refinement & Reduct Anim Res, London NW1 2BE, England. [Cronin, Mark T. D.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Pharm & Biomol Sci, Liverpool L3 3AF, Merseyside, England. [Eggen, Rik I. L.] Eawag, Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Embry, Michelle] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst HESI, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Ekman, Drew] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Gourmelon, Anne] OECD, F-75016 Paris, France. [Halder, Marlies] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, EURL ECVAM, I-21027 Ispra, Varese, Italy. [Hardy, Barry] Douglas Connect, CH-4314 Zeiningen, Switzerland. [Hartung, Thomas] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, CAAT, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hubesch, Bruno] CEFIC European Chem Ind Council, B-1160 Brussels, Belgium. [Jungmann, Dirk] Tech Univ Dresden, Fak Umweltwissensch, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Lampi, Mark A.] ExxonMobil Petr & Chem, B-1831 Machelen, Belgium. [Lee, Lucy] Univ Fraser Valley, Dept Biol, Abbotsford, BC, Canada. [Leonard, Marc] LOREAL Res & Innovat, Environm Res Dept, F-93601 Aulnay Sous Bois, France. [Lillicrap, Adam; Tollefsen, Knut Erik] Norwegian Inst Water Res NIVA, N-0349 Oslo, Norway. [Murk, Albertinka J.] Wageningen Univ, Environm Technol Dept, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Murk, Albertinka J.] Wageningen IMARES Inst Marine Resources & Ecosyst, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Navas, Jose M.] Natl Inst Agr & Food Res & Technol INIA, Dept Environm, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Peijnenburg, Willie] RIVM, Ctr Subst & Prod, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Peijnenburg, Willie] Leiden Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Leiden, Netherlands. [Repetto, Guillermo] Univ Pablo Olavide, Area Toxicol, Dep Biol Mol & Ingn, Seville 41013, Spain. [Salinas, Edward] Expt Toxicol & Ecol GV TC, BASF SE, GVTC Z570, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany. [Schueuermann, Gerrit] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Ecol Chem, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Schueuermann, Gerrit] Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Organ Chem, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany. [Spielmann, Horst] Free Univ Berlin, Fac Biol, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Walter-Rohde, Susanne] Fed Environm Agcy UBA, Int Chem Management, D-06813 Dessau Rosslau, Germany. [Whale, Graham] Shell Hlth, Shell Technol Ctr, Chester CH1 3SH, Cheshire, England. [Wheeler, James R.] Syngenta Ltd, Environm Safety, Jealotts Hill Int Res Ctr, Bracknell RG42 6EY, Berks, England. [Winter, Matthew J.] AstraZeneca UK Ltd, Brixham Environm Lab, Freshwater Quarry, Brixham TQS 8BA, Devon, England. RP Scholz, S (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Bioanalyt Ecotoxicol, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. EM stefan.scholz@ufz.de; esela@zfbiolabs.com; blaha@recetox.muni.cz; braunbeck@uni-hd.de; malyka.galay-burgos@ecetoc.org; mgarcia@zfbiolabs.com; jguinea@gbiolabs.com; nils.kluever@ufz.de; kristin.schirmer@eawag.ch; marysia.tobor-kaplon@wilresearch.com; hilda.witters@vito.be; belanger.se@pg.com; benfenati@marionegri.it; stuart.creton@nc3rs.org.uk; m.t.cronin@ljmu.ac.uk; rik.eggen@eawag.ch; membry@ilsi.org; ekman.drew@epa.gov; anne.gourmelon@oecd.org; marlies.halder@ec.europa.eu; barry.hardy@douglasconnect.com; thartung@jhsph.edu; bhu@cefic.be; dirkjungmann@tu-dresden.de; mark.a.lampi@exxonmobil.com; lucy.lee@ufv.ca; mleonard@rd.loreal.com; eberhard.kuester@ufz.de; adam.lillicrap@niva.no; till.luckenbach@ufz.de; tinka.murk@wur.nl; jmnavas@inia.es; willie.pefinenburg@rivm.nl; grepkuh@upo.es; edward.salinas@basf.com; gerrit.schuurmann@ufz.de; horst.spielmann@fu-berlin.de; knut.erik.tollefsen@niva.no; susanne.walter-rohde@uba.de; graham.whale@shell.com; james.wheeler@syngenta.com; matthew.winter@astrazeneca.com RI Scholz, Stefan/B-7776-2014; Luckenbach, Till/G-6482-2015; Repetto, Guillermo/G-9748-2015; Blaha, Ludek/N-6343-2013; Navas, Jose M/I-9328-2012; Schuurmann, Gerrit/E-7962-2017; OI peijnenburg, willie/0000-0003-2958-9149; Belanger, Scott/0000-0003-0369-9673; Scholz, Stefan/0000-0002-6990-4716; Luckenbach, Till/0000-0001-6204-1033; Repetto, Guillermo/0000-0003-1394-8207; Blaha, Ludek/0000-0002-7314-7455; Navas, Jose M/0000-0002-7644-8499; Schuurmann, Gerrit/0000-0002-3789-1703; Kuster, Eberhard/0000-0002-6062-2755; Lee, Lucy EJ/0000-0003-1796-0588 FU EUROECOTOX; European Commission [265.260] FX This review was stimulated by an expert meeting held in October 2011 at the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany, with about 40 international experts with a background in research, industry or regulation. The meeting was organized and supported by EUROECOTOX, a coordination action funded within the European Commission 7th Framework Programme (Grant agreement no 265.260). The aim of this meeting was to discuss the perspectives of alternatives to animal tests in environmental risk assessment. NR 222 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 9 U2 131 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 67 IS 3 BP 506 EP 530 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.10.003 PG 25 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 257VG UT WOS:000327415300020 PM 24161465 ER PT J AU Huang, WC Loganantharaj, R Schroeder, B Fargo, D Li, LP AF Huang, Weichun Loganantharaj, Rasiah Schroeder, Bryce Fargo, David Li, Leping TI PAVIS: a tool for Peak Annotation and Visualization SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID CHIP AB We introduce a web-based tool, Peak Annotation and Visualization (PAVIS), for annotating and visualizing ChIP-seq peak data. PAVIS is designed with non-bioinformaticians in mind and presents a straightforward user interface to facilitate biological interpretation of ChIP-seq peak or other genomic enrichment data. PAVIS, through association with annotation, provides relevant genomic context for each peak, such as peak location relative to genomic features including transcription start site, intron, exon or 5'/3'-untranslated region. PAVIS reports the relative enrichment P-values of peaks in these functionally distinct categories, and provides a summary plot of the relative proportion of peaks in each category. PAVIS, unlike many other resources, provides a peak-oriented annotation and visualization system, allowing dynamic visualization of tens to hundreds of loci from one or more ChIP-seq experiments, simultaneously. PAVIS enables rapid, and easy examination and cross-comparison of the genomic context and potential functions of the underlying genomic elements, thus supporting downstream hypothesis generation. C1 [Huang, Weichun; Schroeder, Bryce; Li, Leping] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Loganantharaj, Rasiah; Fargo, David] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Integrat Bioinformat Grp, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Li, LP (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Durham, NC 27709 USA. EM li3@niehs.nih.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [ES101765] FX Funding: Intramural Research Program of the NIH, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES101765). NR 7 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 EI 1460-2059 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD DEC 1 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 23 BP 3097 EP 3099 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt520 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 259DT UT WOS:000327508300021 PM 24008416 ER PT J AU Knuckles, TL Jaskot, R Richards, JH Miller, CA Ledbetter, A McGee, J Linak, WP Dreher, KL AF Knuckles, Travis L. Jaskot, Richard Richards, Judy H. Miller, C. Andrew Ledbetter, Allen McGee, John Linak, William P. Dreher, Kevin L. TI Biokinetically-Based In Vitro Cardiotoxicity of Residual Oil Fly Ash: Hazard Identification and Mechanisms of Injury SO CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ROFA; Cardiac injury; PM; Oxidative stress; Cardiac toxicity ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FUEL-OIL; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; SYSTEMIC TRANSLOCATION; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION AB Epidemiological studies have associated air pollution particulate matter (PM) exposure with adverse cardiovascular effects. Identification of causal PM sources is critically needed to support regulatory decisions to protect public health. This research examines the in vitro cardiotoxicity of bioavailable constituents of residual oil fly ash (ROFA) employing in vivo, biokinetically-based, concentrations determined from their pulmonary deposition. Pulmonary deposition of ROFA led to a rapid increase in plasma vanadium (V) levels that were prolonged in hypertensive animals without systemic inflammation. ROFA cardiotoxicity was evaluated using neonatal rat cardiomyocyte (RCM) cultures exposed to particle-free leachates of ROFA (ROFA-L) at levels present in exposed rat plasma. Cardiotoxicity was observed at low levels (3.13 mu g/mL) of ROFA-L 24 h post-exposure. Dimethylthiourea (28 mM) inhibited ROFA-L-induced cytotoxicity at high (25-12.5 mu g/mL) doses, suggesting that oxidative stress is responsible at high ROFA-L doses. Cardiotoxicity could not be reproduced using a V + Ni + Fe mixture or a ROFA-L depleted of these metals, suggesting that ROFA-L cardiotoxicity requires the full complement of bioavailable constituents. Susceptibility of RCMs to ROFA-L-induced cytotoxicity was increased following tyrosine phosphorylation inhibition, suggesting that phosphotyrosine signaling pathways play a critical role in regulating ROFA-L-induced cardiotoxicity. These data demonstrate that bioavailable constituents of ROFA are capable of direct adverse cardiac effects. C1 [Knuckles, Travis L.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Jaskot, Richard; Richards, Judy H.; Ledbetter, Allen; McGee, John; Dreher, Kevin L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Miller, C. Andrew; Linak, William P.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Dreher, KL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mail Drop B105-02,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM tknuckles@hsc.wvu.edu; Dreher.Kevin@epa.gov NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1530-7905 EI 1559-0259 J9 CARDIOVASC TOXICOL JI Cardiovasc. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 426 EP 437 DI 10.1007/s12012-013-9225-z PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Toxicology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Toxicology GA 257MX UT WOS:000327389900014 PM 24048980 ER PT J AU Clow, DW Forrester, H Miller, B Roop, H Sickman, JO Ryu, H Domingo, JS AF Clow, David W. Forrester, Harrison Miller, Benjamin Roop, Heidi Sickman, James O. Ryu, Hodon Domingo, Jorge Santo TI Effects of Stock Use and Backpackers on Water Quality in Wilderness in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Sierra Nevada; Escherichia coli; Coliform; Visitor use; Water quality ID HIGH-ELEVATION CATCHMENTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SIERRA-NEVADA; FECAL POLLUTION; SOURCE-TRACKING; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; UNITED-STATES; STREAMS; LAKES; CHEMISTRY AB During 2010-2011, a study was conducted in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) to evaluate the influence of pack animals (stock) and backpackers on water quality in wilderness lakes and streams. The study had three main components: (1) a synoptic survey of water quality in wilderness areas of the parks, (2) paired water quality sampling above and below several areas with differing types and amounts of visitor use, and (3) intensive monitoring at six sites to document temporal variations in water quality. Data from the synoptic water quality survey indicated that wilderness lakes and streams are dilute and have low nutrient and Escherichia coli concentrations. The synoptic survey sites were categorized as minimal use, backpacker-use, or mixed use (stock and backpackers), depending on the most prevalent type of use upstream from the sampling locations. Sites with mixed use tended to have higher concentrations of most constituents (including E. coli) than those categorized as minimal-use (P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.05); concentrations at backpacker-use sites were intermediate. Data from paired-site sampling indicated that E. coli, total coliform, and particulate phosphorus concentrations were greater in streams downstream from mixed-use areas than upstream from those areas (P a parts per thousand currency sign 0.05). Paired-site data also indicated few statistically significant differences in nutrient, E. coli, or total coliform concentrations in streams upstream and downstream from backpacker-use areas. The intensive-monitoring data indicated that nutrient and E. coli concentrations normally were low, except during storms, when notable increases in concentrations of E. coli, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, and turbidity occurred. In summary, results from this study indicate that water quality in SEKI wilderness generally is good, except during storms; and visitor use appears to have a small, but statistically significant influence on stream water quality. C1 [Clow, David W.; Roop, Heidi] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Forrester, Harrison] Natl Pk Serv, El Portal, CA USA. [Miller, Benjamin] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Sickman, James O.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge Santo] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Clow, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM dwclow@usgs.gov; harrison_forrester@nps.gov; blmill@umich.edu; h.roop@gns.cri.nz; jsickman@ucr.edu; santodomingo.jorge@epa.gov RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011; OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519; Miller, Benjamin/0000-0003-1647-0122; Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824 FU NPS FX The authors wish to thank Annie Esperanza, Gregg Fauth, and Sylvia Haultain at Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks for help with logistics and providing visitor-use data. Constructive suggestions on the manuscript were provided by Katie Walton-Day, Erik Meyer, Don Seale, and three anonymous reviewers. This research was supported by the NPS. Disclaimer: Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 52 IS 6 BP 1400 EP 1414 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0166-x PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253YR UT WOS:000327126800008 PM 24071726 ER PT J AU Clark, BR Burkett, SA Andridge, RR Buckley, TJ AF Clark, Brenda R. Burkett, S. Amanda Andridge, Rebecca R. Buckley, Timothy J. TI Evidence of High Rates of Undiagnosed Asthma in Central Ohio Elementary Schoolchildren SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE asthma; children; elementary school ID AIR-POLLUTION; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY; UNCONTROLLED ASTHMA; HEALTHIER STUDENTS; ACHIEVEMENT GAP; SCHOOL-CHILDREN; SMOKE EXPOSURE; TOBACCO-SMOKE; UNITED-STATES AB BACKGROUNDIn Ohio, 14.5% of 5- to 9-year-olds and 17.3% of 10- to 17-year-olds have asthma. Moreover, there is concern that these numbers may underestimate the true disease burden. We sought to evaluate variability in asthma rates and respiratory symptoms among central Ohio fourth graders as a means to assess potential undiagnosed and undertreated asthma and its determinants. METHODSWe recruited 13 central Ohio elementary schools representing a broad range of nonurban settings and surveyed fourth graders to estimate school-level physician-diagnosed asthma (PDA), respiratory morbidity, and home exposures to smoking and pets. We used generalized linear mixed models with random intercept for school to examine relationships among exposures, respiratory symptoms, and PDA. RESULTSAcross the 13 schools, 94% of students participated in the survey, and the estimated asthma prevalence rate was 10.2% (N=101 of 987). An additional 41% reported not having PDA but then went on to report symptoms consistent with asthma potentially suggestive of undiagnosed asthma. Of students with PDA, 21% reported symptoms suggestive of poorly controlled asthma. High levels of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure were associated both with PDA (p=.05) and with respiratory symptoms (p<.0001). Students who owned a cat or a bird were more likely to report respiratory symptoms (p=.02 and p=.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONSWe provide evidence that the already high childhood asthma public health burden in central Ohio may be underreported. Schools may be an ideal location to conduct screenings and implement environmental interventions oriented toward SHS and household pets that will yield respiratory morbidity benefits. C1 [Clark, Brenda R.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Burkett, S. Amanda] Ohio Dept Hlth, Indoor Environm Sect, Columbus, OH 43215 USA. [Andridge, Rebecca R.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Buckley, Timothy J.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Clark, BR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, 1841 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM bclark@cph.osu.edu; Mandy.Burkett@odh.ohio.gov; randridge@cph.osu.edu; buckley.timothy@epa.gov RI Andridge, Rebecca/C-8457-2012 OI Andridge, Rebecca/0000-0001-9991-9647 FU Ohio Air Quality Development Authority FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge the Ohio Air Quality Development Authority for providing funding for this research. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD DEC PY 2013 VL 83 IS 12 BP 896 EP 906 DI 10.1111/josh.12108 PG 11 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 255PD UT WOS:000327251400008 PM 24261524 ER PT J AU LeDuc, SD Rothstein, DE Yermakov, Z Spaulding, SE AF LeDuc, Stephen D. Rothstein, David E. Yermakov, Zhanna Spaulding, Susan E. TI Jack pine foliar delta N-15 indicates shifts in plant nitrogen acquisition after severe wildfire and through forest stand development SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Chronosequence; Fire; Jack pine; Nitrogen; N-15; Nitrification ID ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ISOTOPE PATTERNS; SOIL-NITROGEN; BLACK SPRUCE; PURE CULTURE; FIRE; CARBON; POOLS AB Natural abundance of the stable nitrogen (N) isotope N-15 can elucidate shifts in plant N acquisition and ecosystem N cycling following disturbance events. This study examined the potential relationship between foliar delta N-15 and depth of plant N acquisition (surface organic vs. mineral soil) and nitrification as conifer stands develop following stand-replacing wildfire. We measured foliar delta N-15 along an 18-site chronosequence of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands, 1 to 72 years in age post-wildfire. Foliar delta N-15 was compared to total delta N-15 of the organic (Oe + Oa) and mineral (0-15 cm) soil horizons, and organic horizon N mineralization and nitrification as functions of total mineralization. Foliar delta N-15 declined with stand age, yet wildfire effects were heterogeneous. Jack pine seedlings on burned, mineral soil patches in the youngest stand were significantly more enriched than those on unburned, organic patches (P = 0.007). High foliar values in the youngest stands relative to mineral-horizon delta N-15 indicate that nitrification also likely contributed to seedling enrichment. Our results suggest jack pine seedlings on burned patches obtain N from the mineral soil with potentially high nitrification rates, whereas seedlings on unburned patches and increasingly N-limited, mature jack pine acquire relatively more N from organic horizons. C1 [LeDuc, Stephen D.; Rothstein, David E.; Yermakov, Zhanna; Spaulding, Susan E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry & Ecol, Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP LeDuc, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW,ORD NCEA 8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM leduc.stephen@epa.gov OI Rothstein, David E/0000-0002-8426-9933 FU Michigan Botanical Society, Michigan State University's Biogeochemistry Environmental Research Initiative; Sustainable Michigan Endowed Project; Land Policy Institute at Michigan State University FX Personnel of the USDA-Forest Service and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources provided access to field sites and logistical help. We thank A. Buell, A. Esper, M. Cook, G. Smith, S. Tourtellot and many others for field and lab assistance. We also gratefully acknowledge Chris Clark, Jana Compton and two anonymous reviewers, whose comments greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. This project was supported by funding from the Michigan Botanical Society, Michigan State University's Biogeochemistry Environmental Research Initiative, the Sustainable Michigan Endowed Project and the Land Policy Institute at Michigan State University. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X EI 1573-5036 J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD DEC PY 2013 VL 373 IS 1-2 BP 955 EP 965 DI 10.1007/s11104-013-1856-0 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 257QK UT WOS:000327400400068 ER PT J AU Stahl, LL Snyder, BD Olsen, AR Walters, LS AF Stahl, Leanne L. Snyder, Blaine D. Olsen, Anthony R. Walters, Lynn S. TI A national probabilistic study of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish from US lakes and reservoirs SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Fish tissue; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Lakes; Probabilistic survey ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; DIETARY EXPOSURE; COLUMBIA RIVER; DETROIT RIVER; WILD SALMON; PBDES; FOOD AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals that are present in air, water, soil, sediment, and biota (including fish). Most previous studies of PBDEs in fish were spatially focused on targeted waterbodies. National estimates were developed for PBDEs in fish from lakes and reservoirs of the conterminous US (excluding the Laurentian Great Lakes) using an unequal probability design. Predator (fillet) and bottom-dweller (whole-body) composites were collected during 2003 from 166 lakes selected randomly from the target population of 147,343 lakes. Both composite types comprised nationally representative samples that were extrapolated to the sampled population of 76,559 and 46,190 lakes for predators and bottom dwellers, respectively. Fish were analyzed for 34 individual PBDE congeners and six co-eluting congener pairs representing a total of 46 PBDEs. All samples contained detectable levels of PBDEs, and BDE-47 predominated. The maximum aggregated sums of congeners ranged from 38.3 ng/g (predators) to 125 ng/g (bottom dwellers). Maximum concentrations in fish from this national probabilistic study exceeded those reported from recent targeted studies of US inland lakes, but were lower than those from Great Lakes studies. The probabilistic design allowed the development of cumulative distribution functions to quantify PBDE concentrations versus the cumulative number of US lakes from the sampled population. C1 [Stahl, Leanne L.] US EPA, OW Off Sci & Technol, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Snyder, Blaine D.] Tetra Tech Inc, Ctr Ecol Sci, Owings Mills, MD 21117 USA. [Olsen, Anthony R.] US EPA, ORD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Walters, Lynn S.] CSC, Alexandria, VA 22310 USA. RP Stahl, LL (reprint author), US EPA, OW Off Sci & Technol, 1200 Penn Ave,NW MC 4305, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM stahl.leanne@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency; EPA [EP-C-04-030, ET-W-06-046, EP-C-09-019]; MOBIS [GS-23F-9820]; Sample Control Center [68-C-98-139] FX This study was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency, and technical support was provided under EPA Contracts EP-C-04-030, ET-W-06-046, and EP-C-09-019, MOBIS Contract GS-23F-9820, and Sample Control Center Contract 68-C-98-139. The manuscript has been subjected to review and approved for publication by US EPA's Office of Research and Development and EPA's Office of Water. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 185 IS 12 BP 10351 EP 10364 DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3337-6 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 244OD UT WOS:000326397900056 PM 23907489 ER PT J AU Ankley, GT Tyler, CR AF Ankley, Gerald T. Tyler, Charles R. TI DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS TO DETECT OCCURRENCE AND EFFECTS OF ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS: FUELING A FUNDAMENTAL SHIFT IN REGULATORY ECOTOXICOLOGY SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOW; VITELLOGENIN; FISH; REPRODUCTION; EFFLUENTS C1 [Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Tyler, Charles R.] Univ Exeter, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2661 EP 2662 DI 10.1002/etc.2415 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 251GW UT WOS:000326916800001 PM 24243593 ER PT J AU Kunz, JL Conley, JM Buchwalter, DB Norberg-King, TJ Kemble, NE Wang, N Ingersoll, CG AF Kunz, James L. Conley, Justin M. Buchwalter, David B. Norberg-King, Teresa J. Kemble, Nile E. Wang, Ning Ingersoll, Christopher G. TI USE OF RECONSTITUTED WATERS TO EVALUATE EFFECTS OF ELEVATED MAJOR IONS ASSOCIATED WITH MOUNTAINTOP COAL MINING ON FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATES SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Invertebrate toxicology; Mussels; Mayfly; Major ion toxicity ID CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA; SODIUM-SULFATE; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; TOXICITY; SALINITY; BIOACCUMULATION; TRIANGULIFER; CONTAMINANTS; SALINIZATION; SEDIMENTS AB In previous laboratory chronic 7-d toxicity tests conducted with the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia, surface waters collected from Appalachian sites impacted by coal mining have shown toxic effects associated with elevated total dissolved solids (TDS). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of elevated major ions in chronic laboratory tests with C. dubia (7-d exposure), a unionid mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea; 28-d exposure), an amphipod (Hyalella azteca; 28-d exposure), and a mayfly (Centroptilum triangulifer; 35-d exposure) in 3 reconstituted waters designed to be representative of 3 Appalachian sites impacted by coal mining. Two of the reconstituted waters had ionic compositions representative of alkaline mine drainage associated with mountaintop removal and valley fill-impacted streams (Winding Shoals and Boardtree, with elevated Mg, Ca, K, SO4, HCO3), and a third reconstituted water had an ionic composition representative of neutralized mine drainage (Upper Dempsey, with elevated Na, K, SO4, and HCO3). The waters with similar conductivities but, with different ionic compositions had different effects on the test organisms. The Winding Shoals and Boardtree reconstituted waters were consistently toxic to the mussel, the amphipod, and the mayfly. In contrast, the Upper Dempsey reconstituted water was toxic to the mussel, the amphipod, and the cladoceran but was not toxic to the mayfly. These results indicate that, although elevated TDS can be correlated with toxicity, the specific major ion composition of the water is important. Moreover, the choice of test organism is critical, particularly if a test species is to be used as a surrogate for a range of faunal groups. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2826-2835. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Kunz, James L.; Kemble, Nile E.; Wang, Ning; Ingersoll, Christopher G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA. [Conley, Justin M.; Buchwalter, David B.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Norberg-King, Teresa J.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. RP Kunz, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA. EM jkunz@usgs.gov OI Conley, Justin M./0000-0002-6622-5769 FU USEPA STAR Fellowship [GAD FP917322] FX We thank the members of the Columbia Environmental Research Center Toxicology Branch and Chemistry Branch for technical support; G. Pond, M. Passmore, and A. Bergdale for input on experimental design; and D. Soucek and B. Williams for providing comments on an earlier draft of the paper. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. Funding for J.M. Conley was provided by USEPA STAR Fellowship (GAD FP917322); the USEPA has not formally reviewed this publication, and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the USEPA. NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 15 U2 54 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2826 EP 2835 DI 10.1002/etc.2391 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 251GW UT WOS:000326916800022 PM 24243594 ER PT J AU Nietch, CT Quinlan, EL Lazorchak, JM Impellitteri, CA Raikow, D Walters, D AF Nietch, Christopher T. Quinlan, Erin L. Lazorchak, James M. Impellitteri, Christopher A. Raikow, David Walters, David TI EFFECTS OF A CHRONIC LOWER RANGE OF TRICLOSAN EXPOSURE ON A STREAM MESOCOSM COMMUNITY SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Stream periphyton; Antimicrobial resistance; Mesocosm; Community-level ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; PRINCIPAL RESPONSE CURVES; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; WIDELY USED BIOCIDE; SURFACE WATERS; TREATMENT PLANTS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; UNITED-STATES; PHARMACEUTICALS AB Triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol) is an antimicrobial found in consumer soaps and toothpaste. It is in treated wastewater effluents at low parts-per-billion concentrations, representing a potentially chronic exposure condition for biota inhabiting receiving streams. For the present study, a naturally colonized benthos was created using flow-through indoor mesocosms; then, the benthic communities were dosed to achieve different in-stream triclosan concentrations (control, 0.1 mu g/L, 0.5 mu g/L, 1.0 mu g/L, 5.0 mu g/L, and 10 mu g/L) for 56 d. Water quality parameters and endpoints from bacteria to macroinvertebrates, as well as interacting abiotic components, were measured. Effects of triclosan on specific microbial endpoints were observed at all doses, including an effect on litter decomposition dynamics at doses of 1.0 mu g/L and higher. Resistance of periphytic bacteria to triclosan significantly increased at doses of 0.5 mu g/L and above. By the end of dosing, the antimicrobial appeared to stimulate the stream periphyton at the 3 lowest doses, while the 2 highest doses exhibited decreased stocks of periphyton, including significantly lower bacteria cell densities and cyanobacteria abundance compared with the control. Other than an effect on benthic ostracods, the changes that occurred in the periphyton did not translate to significant change in the colonizing nematodes, the macroinvertebrate community as a whole, or other measurements of stream function. The results shed light on the role a low, chronic exposure to triclosan may play in effluent-dominated streams. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Nietch, Christopher T.; Lazorchak, James M.; Impellitteri, Christopher A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Quinlan, Erin L.] Georgia Gwinnett Coll, Lawrenceville, GA USA. [Walters, David] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Nietch, CT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM nietch.christopher@epa.gov OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571 NR 72 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 EI 1552-8618 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 32 IS 12 BP 2874 EP 2887 DI 10.1002/etc.2385 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 251GW UT WOS:000326916800029 PM 24038532 ER PT J AU Revetta, RP Gomez-Alvarez, V Gerke, TL Curioso, C Domingo, JWS Ashbolt, NJ AF Revetta, Randy P. Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente Gerke, Tammie L. Curioso, Claudine Domingo, Jorge W. Santo Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Establishment and early succession of bacterial communities in monochloramine-treated drinking water biofilms SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE monochloramine; microbial communities; colonization; succession; Mycobacterium; drinking water ID MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; GENERATION; CHLORINE; MODELS; INTRACELLULARE; CONTAMINATION AB Monochloramine is an increasingly used drinking water disinfectant and has been shown to increase nitrifying bacteria and mycobacteria in drinking waters. The potential successions and development of these bacteria were examined by 16S rRNA gene clone libraries generated from various biofilms within a water distribution system simulator. Biofilms were obtained from in-line and off-line devices using borosilicate glass beads, along with polycarbonate coupons from annular reactors incubated for up to 8months in monochloramine-treated drinking water. No significant difference in community structures was observed between biofilm devices and coupon material; however, all biofilm communities that developed on different devices underwent similar successions over time. Early stages of biofilm formation were dominated by Serratia (29%), Cloacibacterium (23%), Diaphorobacter (16%), and Pseudomonas (7%), while Mycobacterium-like phylotypes were the most predominant populations (>27%) in subsequent months. The development of members of the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) after 3months may impact individuals with predisposing conditions, while nitrifiers (related to Nitrospira moscoviensis and Nitrosospira multiformis) could impact water quality. Overall, 90% of the diversity in all the clone library samples was associated with the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. These results provide an ecological insight into biofilm bacterial successions in monochloramine-treated drinking water. C1 [Revetta, Randy P.; Gomez-Alvarez, Vicente; Curioso, Claudine; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Gerke, Tammie L.] US EPA, ORISE, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Ashbolt, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM ashbolt.nick@epa.gov NR 72 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0168-6496 EI 1574-6941 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 86 IS 3 BP 404 EP 414 DI 10.1111/1574-6941.12170 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 251VQ UT WOS:000326960000004 PM 23789638 ER PT J AU Peck, DV Olsen, AR Weber, MH Paulsen, SG Peterson, C Holdsworth, SM AF Peck, David V. Olsen, Anthony R. Weber, Marc H. Paulsen, Steven G. Peterson, Carol Holdsworth, Susan M. TI Survey design and extent estimates for the National Lakes Assessment SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lakes; aquatic resource survey; monitoring design; survey design; National Hydrography Database; NHD; National Lakes Assessment; extent estimation; sample frame; National Eutrophication Survey ID FISH TISSUE; US LAKES; RESOURCES; RESERVOIRS; SAMPLE; PONDS AB The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) conducted a National Lakes Assessment (NLA) in the conterminous USA in 2007 as part of a national assessment of aquatic resources. The EPA used the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) as the basis for the sample frame for the NLA. The target population was all lakes >4 ha, excluding the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Salt Lake. An unequal probability survey design was used to select 4472 candidate lakes for potential sampling. The unequal selection depended on 5 lake area classes and 9 aggregated Omernik level III ecoregions. In all, 2034 candidate lakes were evaluated for inclusion in the target population, and 1309 lakes (representing similar to 68,000 lakes in the sample frame) met the criteria. A total of 1028 lakes (of 1309) were sampled and represented similar to 50,000 lakes. The remaining lakes (231, representing similar to 18,000 lakes) could not be sampled because of access denial or physical inaccessibility. The target population included natural (41 +/- 2% [SE]) and man-made lakes (59 +/- 2%). All target lakes in the Southern Appalachian region and >90% of the target population in the Southern Plains and Xeric regions were man-made. In the Upper Midwest region, 97 +/- 1% of the target population were natural lakes. Small lakes (4-10 ha) made up 47 +/- 2% of the target population, and lakes >50 ha made up similar to 15% of the target population. The results raise 2 issues that have implications for current and future NLA projects: 1) the cost and effort required to identify lake features in the sample frame that do not meet the criteria for inclusion in the target population (similar to 50% in NLA 2007), and 2) the potential for biased estimates of the size and condition of the target population caused by lakes that cannot be sampled. Future NLA efforts involve refining the survey design to include smaller lakes and resampling lakes from previous NLAs. We offer approaches for addressing both issues, including use of a high-resolution version of NHD as the basis for developing the NLA sample frame. Developing a master sample frame of lakes would provide a consistent basis of lake numbers (or surface area) from which to estimate extent or assess ecological condition. C1 [Peck, David V.; Olsen, Anthony R.; Weber, Marc H.; Paulsen, Steven G.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Peterson, Carol; Holdsworth, Susan M.] US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Peck, DV (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM peck.david@epa.gov; olsen.tony@epa.gov; weber.marc@epa.gov; paulsen.steve@epa.gov; peterson.carol@epa.gov; holdsworth.susan@epa.gov OI Weber, Marc/0000-0002-9742-4744 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The information in this article has been funded wholly (or in part) by the US Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory's Western Ecology Division and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 30 PU SOC FRESWATER SCIENCE PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 32 IS 4 BP 1231 EP 1245 DI 10.1899/11-075.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 251LJ UT WOS:000326930000015 ER PT J AU Wu, SS Heberling, MT AF Wu, Shanshan Heberling, Matthew T. TI The distribution of pollution and environmental justice in Puerto Rico: a quantitative analysis SO POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Environmental justice; Gini coefficient; Puerto Rico; Quantile regression; Toxics Release Inventory ID INCOME INEQUALITY; AIR-POLLUTION; CIUDAD-JUAREZ; GINI; CHINA; DISPARITIES; REGRESSION; INJUSTICE; EXPOSURE; INDUSTRY AB This research quantifies the distribution of toxic releases in Puerto Rico to determine whether environmental inequality exists. We calculate an environmental Gini coefficient using Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) data from 2000 to 2008. Our findings suggest Puerto Rico has a relatively constant and unequal distribution of releases over this time period. Based on this result, we investigate linkages between toxic releases and several socioeconomic and demographic indicators. We apply a quantile regression model using TRI data and American Community Survey data from 2005 to 2008 to identify important indicators across the distribution of releases. We find municipios (legal division equivalent to US counties) that have a higher percent of non-Puerto Rican Hispanic origin or high school educated population experience higher releases to all media. This also is true for unemployment, but only for municipios with the largest releases (i.e., highest quintile). The results also reveal municipios that are more densely populated or that have a higher percent of college degrees experience lower releases to all media. Higher proportions of certain age groups also suggest lower releases. These results are not constant across the distribution of releases; they are most significant in those municipios with the largest releases. This is even more obvious when we only examine releases to air. C1 [Wu, Shanshan; Heberling, Matthew T.] US EPA, USEPA ORD, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Heberling, MT (reprint author), US EPA, USEPA ORD, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 WML King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM heberling.matt@epa.gov OI Heberling, Matthew/0000-0003-1120-612X NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0199-0039 EI 1573-7810 J9 POPUL ENVIRON JI Popul. Env. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 35 IS 2 BP 113 EP 132 DI 10.1007/s11111-013-0188-6 PG 20 WC Demography; Environmental Studies SC Demography; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 244QM UT WOS:000326404300001 ER PT J AU Gawande, MB Rathi, AK Branco, PS Varma, RS AF Gawande, Manoj B. Rathi, Anuj K. Branco, Paula S. Varma, Rajender S. TI Sustainable Utility of Magnetically Recyclable Nano-Catalysts in Water: Applications in Organic Synthesis SO APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL LA English DT Review DE magnetically recyclable nano-catalysts; aqueous medium; organic synthesis; sustainable methodologies AB Magnetically recyclable nano-catalysts and their use in aqueous media is a perfect combination for the development of greener sustainable methodologies in organic synthesis. It is well established that magnetically separable nano-catalysts avoid waste of catalysts or reagents and it is possible to recover >95% of catalysts, which is again recyclable for subsequent use. Water is the ideal medium to perform the chemical reactions with magnetically recyclable nano-catalysts, as this combination adds tremendous value to the overall benign reaction process development. In this review, we highlight recent developments inthe use of water and magnetically recyclable nano-catalysts (W-MRNs) for a variety of organic reactions namely hydrogenation, condensation, oxidation, and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions, among others. C1 [Gawande, Manoj B.; Branco, Paula S.] Univ Nova Lisboa, REQUIMTE, Dept Chem, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, P-2829516 Quinta Da Torre, Caparica, Portugal. [Rathi, Anuj K.] Jubilant Chemsys Ltd, New Delhi 201301, India. [Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Gawande, MB (reprint author), Palacky Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys Chem, Reg Ctr Adv Technol & Mat, 17 Listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146, Czech Republic. EM mbgawande@yahoo.co.in; anujr2@yahoo.co.in; paula.branco@fct.unl.pt; varma.rajender@epa.gov RI Branco, Paula/I-6567-2012 OI Branco, Paula/0000-0002-7312-8596 NR 60 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 31 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2076-3417 J9 APPL SCI-BASEL JI Appl. Sci.-Basel PD DEC PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 BP 656 EP 674 DI 10.3390/app3040656 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA V36XR UT WOS:000209241500001 ER PT J AU Mutlu, E Warren, SH Matthews, PP King, C Linak, WP Kooter, IM Schmid, JE Ross, JA Gilmour, MI DeMarini, DM AF Mutlu, Esra Warren, Sarah H. Matthews, Peggy P. King, Charly Linak, William P. Kooter, Ingeborg M. Schmid, Judith E. Ross, Jeffrey A. Gilmour, M. Ian DeMarini, David M. TI Bioassay-Directed Fractionation and Sub-Fractionation for Mutagenicity and Chemical Analysis of Diesel Exhaust Particles SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE complex mixtures; combustion emissions; Salmonella ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; COMPLEX-MIXTURES; SENSITIVE METHOD; AIR-POLLUTION; AMBIENT AIR; NITROARENES; STRAINS; LUNG; NITROREDUCTASE; 1-NITROPYRENE AB Several types of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) have been used for toxicology studies, including a high-organic automobile DEP (A-DEP) from Japan, and a low-organic forklift DEP developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (N-DEP). However, these DEPs were not characterized extensively for chemical composition or sub-fractionated and tested extensively for mutagenicity. We collected a compressor-generated DEP (C-DEP) and characterized it by conducting bioassay-directed fractionation of the extractable organics in Salmonella and correlating the results by hierarchical clustering with the concentrations of 32 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Relative to A- and N-DEP, the mutagenic potency of C-DEP was intermediate in TA100 +S9 (PAH mutagenicity) but was lowest in TA98 -S9 (nitroarene mutagenicity). More than 50% of the mass of the extractable organics of C-DEP eluted in the nonpolar Fraction 1, and only approximate to 20% eluted in the moderately polar Fractions 2 and 3. However, most of the mutagenicity eluted in Fractions 2 and 3, similar to A-DEP but different from N-DEP. HPLC-derived mutagrams of 62 sub-fractions per fraction confirmed that most of the mutagenicity was due to moderately polar compounds. The diagnostic strains identified a strong role for PAHs, nitroarenes, aromatic amines, and oxy-PAHs in the mutagenicity of C-DEP. Hierarchical clustering confirmed the importance of oxy-PAHs but not that of nitroarenes. To our knowledge this is the first use of hierarchical clustering to correlate chemical composition with the mutagenicity of a complex mixture. The chemical analysis and mutagenicity of C-DEP described here makes C-DEP suitable for additional toxicological studies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 54:719-736, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Mutlu, Esra; Warren, Sarah H.; Matthews, Peggy P.; King, Charly; Schmid, Judith E.; Ross, Jeffrey A.; Gilmour, M. Ian; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Mutlu, Esra] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Linak, William P.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Kooter, Ingeborg M.] TNO Built Environm & Genosci, Dept Environm Hlth & Safety, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, B105-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM demarini.david@epa.gov RI Ross, Jeffrey/E-4782-2010 OI Ross, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7002-4548 NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-6692 EI 1098-2280 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PD DEC PY 2013 VL 54 IS 9 BP 719 EP 736 DI 10.1002/em.21812 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 246KK UT WOS:000326536600003 PM 24105890 ER PT J AU Bolanos-Rosero, B Betancourt, D Dean, T Vesper, S AF Bolanos-Rosero, B. Betancourt, D. Dean, T. Vesper, S. TI Pilot study of mold populations inside and outside of Puerto Rican residences SO AEROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Puerto Rico; Mold; Dust; Air; ERMI ID RELATIVE MOLDINESS INDEX; FUNGAL CONTAMINATION; QUANTITATIVE PCR; ERMI VALUES; ASTHMA; HOMES; ASPERGILLUS; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN AB Puerto Rico has the highest asthma prevalence in the US. In the states, mold exposures have been linked to the development and exacerbation of asthma. For a pilot study of mold populations in Puerto Rico, dust and air samples were collected in January 2013 inside and outside of residences (n = 10) in the north eastern quadrant of Puerto Rico. Inside and outside (protected from rain) settled dust was collected by wiping above floor or ground-level surfaces with a Swiffer (TM) duster cloth. Air samples were collected in five of the residences inside and five matching outside onto Malt Extract Agar and also onto G25N Agar. The dust (5 mg) was analyzed using mold-specific quantitative PCR and mold contamination estimated using the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) metric. Air sampled (150 l) plates were incubated and resulting mold colonies enumerated. The ERMI values were significantly (p = 0.03) greater inside the homes than outside, 20.37 versus 12.55, respectively. Aspergillus penicillioides, A. sydowii, Chaetomium globosum, the Eurotium group and Penicillium crustosum and A. ustus were found in significantly greater numbers inside than outside Puerto Rican residences based on the Wilcoxon rank sum test. However, after correction for multiple comparisons using the Holms-Bonferroni test, only the Eurotium group remained significantly greater. Air samples suggested higher culturable concentrations of molds outside but the differences were not significantly different. Although this is a small study, it suggests that some people in Puerto Rico are exposed to significantly higher mold concentrations indoors than outdoors. C1 [Bolanos-Rosero, B.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Microbiol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Betancourt, D.; Dean, T.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Vesper, S.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Bolanos-Rosero, B (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Microbiol, Med Sci Campus,POB 365067, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. EM benjamin.bolanos@upr.edu OI Bolanos Rosero, Benjamin/0000-0003-4340-7006 NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-5965 J9 AEROBIOLOGIA JI Aerobiologia PD DEC PY 2013 VL 29 IS 4 BP 537 EP 543 DI 10.1007/s10453-013-9301-7 PG 7 WC Biology; Environmental Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 227HT UT WOS:000325104000007 ER PT J AU Greenstone, M Kopits, E Wolverton, A AF Greenstone, Michael Kopits, Elizabeth Wolverton, Ann TI Developing a Social Cost of Carbon for US Regulatory Analysis: A Methodology and Interpretation SO REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND POLICY LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISTANT FUTURE; DAMAGE COSTS; ECONOMICS; SENSITIVITY; SYSTEM C1 [Greenstone, Michael] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Greenstone, Michael] Natl Bur Econ Res, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kopits, Elizabeth; Wolverton, Ann] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Greenstone, M (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM mgreenst@mit.edu; kopits.elizabeth@epa.gov; wolverton.ann@epa.gov NR 51 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 194 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1750-6816 J9 REV ENV ECON POLICY JI Rev. Env. Econ. Policy PD WIN PY 2013 VL 7 IS 1 BP 23 EP 46 DI 10.1093/reep/res015 PG 24 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 100PR UT WOS:000315713700003 ER PT J AU Fri, RW AF Fri, Robert W. TI The Alternative Energy Future: The Scope of the Transition SO DAEDALUS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Fri, Robert W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Fri, Robert W.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Energy Res & Dev Adm, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Acad Alternat Energy Future Project, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Fri, RW (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 92 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 0011-5266 J9 DAEDALUS-US JI Daedalus PD WIN PY 2013 VL 142 IS 1 BP 5 EP 7 PG 3 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 073RS UT WOS:000313760800001 ER PT J AU Carlson, AE Fri, RW AF Carlson, Ann E. Fri, Robert W. TI Designing a Durable Energy Policy SO DAEDALUS LA English DT Article AB Although the U.S. energy system seems to resist the changes necessary to meet today's challenges related to energy security and climate change, the system has gone through massive change several times since 1850. A major driver in each of these earlier transitions was an economic value, such as mobility, that markets could capture. Because environmental and security values are public goods, changing today's energy system will require a policy that creates a market signal reflecting these values. However, it is also necessary to craft a policy framework that is both durable over a long time period and able to adapt to new information as it becomes available. This essay examines some of the possible attributes of a durable and adaptable policy. The discussion is necessarily preliminary because relatively little formal research exists on this topic. However, even a preliminary examination suggests that considerations of policy durability could affect the choice between a carbon tax and a cap-and-trade system. C1 [Carlson, Ann E.] UCLA Sch Law, Emmett Ctr Climate Change & Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Resources Future Inc, Bristol, Avon, England. [Fri, Robert W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. [Fri, Robert W.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Energy Res & Dev Adm, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Acad Alternat Energy Future Project, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Carlson, AE (reprint author), UCLA Sch Law, Emmett Ctr Climate Change & Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 146 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA ONE ROGERS ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1209 USA SN 0011-5266 EI 1548-6192 J9 DAEDALUS-US JI Daedalus PD WIN PY 2013 VL 142 IS 1 BP 119 EP 128 PG 10 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 073RS UT WOS:000313760800010 ER PT J AU Dworkin, MH Sidortsov, RV Sovacool, BK AF Dworkin, Michael H. Sidortsov, Roman V. Sovacool, Benjamin K. TI Rethinking the Scale, Structure & Scope of U.S. Energy Institutions SO DAEDALUS LA English DT Article ID GOVERNANCE; SEPARATION; AGENCIES AB This essay notes some of the key institutions created in the twentieth century for the purpose of delivering energy in North America. Those institutions are being challenged by a combination of stresses in three interconnected areas: reliability, economics, and environmental sustainability. The essay argues that these three stresses create an "energy trilemma" requiring institutional reform. We suggest that new and modified institutions can best be understood if we evaluate them along three dimensions: institutional scale, structure, and scope. We consider real-world examples of recent institutions in light of each of these dimensions and note both successes and concerns that those factors illuminate. We conclude by noting that some institutional changes will be organic and unplanned; but many others, including responses to climate change, will benefit from conscious attention to scale, structure, and scope by those engaged in designing and building the energy institutions needed in the twenty-first century. C1 [Dworkin, Michael H.; Sidortsov, Roman V.] Vermont Law Sch, Inst Energy & Environm, S Royalton, VT 05068 USA. [Dworkin, Michael H.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Dworkin, Michael H.] Vermont Publ Serv Board, Montpelier, VT USA. [Dworkin, Michael H.] NARUC, Comm Energy Resources & Environm, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Dworkin, Michael H.] VEIC, Burlington, VT USA. [Dworkin, Michael H.] Vermont Elect Power Co VELCO, Rutland, VT 05701 USA. [Dworkin, Michael H.] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Dworkin, Michael H.] Amer Council Energy Efficient Econ, Washington, DC USA. [Sovacool, Benjamin K.] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. [Sovacool, Benjamin K.] Natl Sci Fdn, Elect Power Networks Efficiency & Secur Program, Arlington, VA USA. [Sovacool, Benjamin K.] Virginia Tech, Consortium Energy Restructuring, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Dworkin, MH (reprint author), Vermont Law Sch, Inst Energy & Environm, S Royalton, VT 05068 USA. OI Sovacool, Benjamin/0000-0002-4794-9403 NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 98 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 0011-5266 EI 1548-6192 J9 DAEDALUS-US JI Daedalus PD WIN PY 2013 VL 142 IS 1 BP 129 EP 145 PG 17 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 073RS UT WOS:000313760800011 ER PT J AU Ansolabehere, S Fri, RW AF Ansolabehere, Stephen Fri, Robert W. TI Social Sciences & the Alternative Energy Future SO DAEDALUS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ansolabehere, Stephen; Fri, Robert W.] Amer Acad, Castle Pines N, CO 80108 USA. [Ansolabehere, Stephen] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Resources Future Inc, Bristol, Avon, England. [Fri, Robert W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. [Fri, Robert W.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Energy Res & Dev Adm, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Fri, Robert W.] Acad Alternat Energy Future Project, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Ansolabehere, S (reprint author), Amer Acad, Castle Pines N, CO 80108 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 60 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 0011-5266 J9 DAEDALUS-US JI Daedalus PD WIN PY 2013 VL 142 IS 1 BP 162 EP 171 PG 10 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 073RS UT WOS:000313760800013 ER PT J AU Hunte, HER King, K Hicken, M Lee, H Lewis, TT AF Hunte, Haslyn E. R. King, Katherine Hicken, Margaret Lee, Hedwig Lewis, Tene T. TI Interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptomatology: examination of several personality-related characteristics as potential confounders in a racial/ethnic heterogeneous adult sample SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Stress; Psychological; Discrimination (psychology); Depression; Personality ID PERCEIVED ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION; ASIAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN; SELF-ESTEEM; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; RACIAL-DISCRIMINATION; MENTAL-HEALTH; EVERYDAY DISCRIMINATION; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; GENDER DISCRIMINATION AB Background: Research suggests that reports of interpersonal discrimination result in poor mental health. Because personality characteristics may either confound or mediate the link between these reports and mental health, there is a need to disentangle its role in order to better understand the nature of discrimination-mental health association. We examined whether hostility, anger repression and expression, pessimism, optimism, and self-esteem served as confounders in the association between perceived interpersonal discrimination and CESD-based depressive symptoms in a race/ethnic heterogeneous probability-based sample of community-dwelling adults. Methods: We employed a series of ordinary least squares regression analyses to examine the potential confounding effect of hostility, anger repression and expression, pessimism, optimism, and self-esteem between interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms. Results: Hostility, anger repression, pessimism and self-esteem were significant as possible confounders of the relationship between interpersonal discrimination and depressive symptoms, together accounting for approximately 38% of the total association (beta: 0.1892, p < 0.001). However, interpersonal discrimination remained a positive predictor of depressive symptoms (beta: 0.1176, p < 0.001). Conclusion: As one of the first empirical attempts to examine the potential confounding role of personality characteristics in the association between reports of interpersonal discrimination and mental health, our results suggest that personality-related characteristics may serve as potential confounders. Nevertheless, our results also suggest that, net of these characteristics, reports of interpersonal discrimination are associated with poor mental health. C1 [Hunte, Haslyn E. R.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Social & Behav Sci, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [King, Katherine] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Hicken, Margaret] Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lee, Hedwig] Univ Washington, Dept Sociol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lewis, Tene T.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Hunte, HER (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Social & Behav Sci, Robert C Byrd Hlth Sci Ctr, POB 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM hehunte@hsc.wvu.edu FU US Department of Energy; EPA; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health [P50HD38986, R01HD050467]; MacArthur Foundation; US Department of Justice FX This work was supported in part by an appointment (King) to the Research Participation Program for the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the EPA. The CCAHS study work was supported by Grants P50HD38986 and R01HD050467 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health, with additional support from the MacArthur Foundation (via Harvard University and the University of California, San Francisco) and the US Department of Justice (via Harvard University). The authors thank the reviewers during the peer review process. Their comments were very thoughtful and insightful and have helped to further improve the manuscript. The contents of the manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the aforementioned institutions or individuals. NR 78 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD NOV 20 PY 2013 VL 13 AR 1084 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1084 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 284EX UT WOS:000329300000003 PM 24256578 ER PT J AU Liu, Z Liu, XY Zhao, XM Cox, SS Little, JC AF Liu, Zhe Liu, Xiaoyu Zhao, Xiaomin Cox, Steven S. Little, John C. TI Developing a Reference Material for Diffusion-Controlled Formaldehyde Emissions Testing SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INITIAL EMITTABLE CONCENTRATION; BUILDING-MATERIALS; VOC EMISSIONS; COEFFICIENTS; TEMPERATURE; PARTITION; HUMIDITY; PRODUCTS; EXPOSURE; IMPACT AB Formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen and mucous membrane irritant, is emitted from a variety of building materials and indoor furnishings. The drive to improve building energy efficiency by decreasing ventilation rates increases the need to better understand emissions from indoor products and to identify and develop lower emitting materials. To help meet this need, formaldehyde emissions from indoor materials are typically measured using environmental chambers. However, chamber testing results are frequently inconsistent and provide little insight into the mechanisms governing emissions. This research addresses these problems by (1) developing a reference formaldehyde emissions source that can be used to validate chamber testing methods for characterization of dynamic sources of formaldehyde emissions and (2) demonstrating that emissions from finite formaldehyde sources can be predicted using a fundamental mass-transfer model. Formaldehyde mass-transfer mechanisms are elucidated, providing practical approaches for developing diffusion-controlled reference materials that mimic actual sources. The fundamental understanding of emissions mechanisms can be used to improve emissions testing and guide future risk reduction actions. C1 [Liu, Zhe; Zhao, Xiaomin; Cox, Steven S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Liu, Xiaoyu] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Little, John C.] Univ Sydney, Sch Civil Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Little, JC (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Civil Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM john.little@sydney.edu.au RI Little, John/B-4154-2009 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [EP11C000135]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [EP-11-C-00135] FX Technical and financial support was provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Contract No. EP11C000135). Disclaimer: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under Contract EP-11-C-00135 to Virginia Tech, It has not been subject to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 19 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 22 BP 12946 EP 12951 DI 10.1021/es402911e PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 257CI UT WOS:000327360600042 PM 24102115 ER PT J AU Milstead, WB Hollister, JW Moore, RB Walker, HA AF Milstead, W. Bryan Hollister, Jeffrey W. Moore, Richard B. Walker, Henry A. TI Estimating Summer Nutrient Concentrations in Northeastern Lakes from SPARROW Load Predictions and Modeled Lake Depth and Volume SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN-CYCLE; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN HEALTH; FRESH-WATER; EUTROPHICATION; RETENTION; ECOSYSTEMS; RESERVOIRS; IMPACTS AB Global nutrient cycles have been altered by the use of fossil fuels and fertilizers resulting in increases in nutrient loads to aquatic systems. In the United States, excess nutrients have been repeatedly reported as the primary cause of lake water quality impairments. Setting nutrient criteria that are protective of a lakes ecological condition is one common solution; however, the data required to do this are not always easily available. A useful solution for this is to combine available field data (i.e., The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) National Lake Assessment (NLA)) with average annual nutrient load models (i.e., USGS SPARROW model) to estimate summer concentrations across a large number of lakes. In this paper we use this combined approach and compare the observed total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TN) concentrations in Northeastern lakes from the 2007 National Lake Assessment to those predicted by the Northeast SPARROW model. We successfully adjusted the SPARROW predictions to the NLA observations with the use of Vollenweider equations, simple input-output models that predict nutrient concentrations in lakes based on nutrient loads and hydraulic residence time. This allows us to better predict summer concentrations of TN and TP in Northeastern lakes and ponds. On average we improved our predicted concentrations of TN and TP with Vollenweider models by 18.7% for nitrogen and 19.0% for phosphorus. These improved predictions are being used in other studies to model ecosystem services (e. g., aesthetics) and dis-services (e. g. cyanobacterial blooms) for similar to 18,000 lakes in the Northeastern United States. C1 [Milstead, W. Bryan; Hollister, Jeffrey W.; Walker, Henry A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Moore, Richard B.] US Geol Survey, Pembroke, NH USA. RP Milstead, WB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM milstead.bryan@epa.gov OI Hollister, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9254-9740 NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 19 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 11 AR e81457 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0081457 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 256LO UT WOS:000327311900131 PM 24260579 ER PT J AU Hazucha, MJ Bromberg, PA Lay, JC Bennett, W Zeman, K Alexis, NE Kehrl, H Rappold, AG Cascio, WE Devlin, RB AF Hazucha, Milan J. Bromberg, Philip A. Lay, John C. Bennett, William Zeman, Kirby Alexis, Neil E. Kehrl, Howard Rappold, Ana G. Cascio, Wayne E. Devlin, Robert B. TI Pulmonary responses in current smokers and ex-smokers following a two hour exposure at rest to clean air and fine ambient air particles SO PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CAFP; Chamber exposure; Spirometry; Older smokers; Ex-smokers; DTPA clearance half-time; Lung diffusing capacity; Blood chemistry ID PARTICULATE MATTER; POLLUTION; DISEASE; LUNG; VOLUNTEERS; DEPOSITION; CLEARANCE; COPD; STANDARDIZATION; PERMEABILITY AB Background: Increased susceptibility of smokers to ambient PM may potentially promote development of COPD and accelerate already present disease. Objectives: To characterize the acute and subacute lung function response and inflammatory effects of controlled chamber exposure to concentrated ambient fine particles (CAFP) with MMAD <= 2.5 microns in ex-smokers and lifetime smokers. Methods: Eleven subjects, aged 35-74 years, came to the laboratory 5 times; a training day and two exposure days separated by at least 3 weeks, each with a post-exposure visit 22 h later. Double-blind and counterbalanced exposures to "clean air" (mean 1.5 +/- 0.6 mu g/m(3)) or CAFP (mean 108.7 +/- 24.8 mu g/m(3)) lasted 2 h with subjects at rest. Results: At 3 h post-exposure subjects' DTPA clearance half-time significantly increased by 6.3 min per 100 mu g/m(3) of CAFP relative to "clean air". At 22 h post-exposure they showed significant reduction of 4.3% per 100 mu g/m(3) in FEV1 and a significant DLCO decrease by 11.1% per 100 mu g/m(3) of CAFP relative to "clean air". At both 3 h and 22 h the HDL cholesterol level significantly decreased by 4.5% and 4.1%, respectively. Other blood chemistries and markers of lung injury, inflammation and procoagulant activity were within the normal range of values at any condition. Conclusions: The results suggest that an acute 2 h resting exposure of smokers and ex-smokers to fine ambient particulate matter may transiently affect pulmonary function (spirometry and DLCO) and increase DTPA clearance half-time. Except for a post exposure decrease in HDL no other markers of pulmonary inflammation, prothrombotic activity and lung injury were significantly affected under the conditions of exposure. C1 [Hazucha, Milan J.; Bromberg, Philip A.; Lay, John C.; Bennett, William; Zeman, Kirby; Alexis, Neil E.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hazucha, Milan J.; Bromberg, Philip A.; Bennett, William; Kehrl, Howard; Cascio, Wayne E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lay, John C.; Alexis, Neil E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kehrl, Howard; Rappold, Ana G.; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Hazucha, MJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, CB 7310,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mhazucha@med.unc.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency [CR83346301]; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill [CR83346301] FX This research was funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency through cooperative agreement CR83346301 with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. This document has been reviewed in accordance with U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Policy and approved for publication. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The authors are indebted to MaryAnn Bassett and Debra Levin for medical assistance with subjects; and to Lisa Dailey, Jacqueline Stonehuemer, Jacqueline Carter, Joleen Soukup, Shirley Harder, Robert Silbajoris and Martin Case for their technical assistance in the execution of this study. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-8977 J9 PART FIBRE TOXICOL JI Part. Fibre Toxicol. PD NOV 18 PY 2013 VL 10 AR 58 DI 10.1186/1743-8977-10-58 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 277LB UT WOS:000328819600001 PM 24245863 ER PT J AU Wolansky, MJ Tornero-Velez, R AF Wolansky, M. J. Tornero-Velez, R. TI CRITICAL CONSIDERATION OF THE MULTIPLICITY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND ORGANISMIC DETERMINANTS OF PYRETHROID NEUROTOXICITY: A PROOF OF CONCEPT SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID ACOUSTIC STARTLE RESPONSE; AGE-DEPENDENT DIFFERENCES; IN-VITRO METABOLISM; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES; SODIUM-CHANNELS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ION CHANNELS; CYTOCHROME-P450 ISOFORMS; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION AB Pyrethroids (PYR) are pesticides with high insecticidal activity that may disrupt neuronal excitability in target and nontarget species. The accumulated evidence consistently showed that this neurophysiologic action is followed by alterations in motor, sensorimotor, neuromuscular, and thermoregulatory responses. Nevertheless, there are some equivocal results regarding the potency of PYR in lab animals. The estimation of potency is an important step in pesticide chemical risk assessment. In order to identify the variables influencing neurobehavioral findings across PYR studies, evidence on experimental and organismic determinants of acute PYR-induced neurotoxicity was reviewed in rodents. A comprehensive analysis of these studies was conducted focusing on test material and dosing conditions, testing conditions, animal models, and other determinants such as testing room temperature. Variations in the severity of the neurotoxicity, under lab-controlled conditions, was explained based upon factors including influence of animal species and age, test material features such as chemical structure and stereochemistry, and dosing conditions such as vehicle, route of exposure, and dose volume. If not controlled, the interplay of these factors may lead to large variance in potency estimation. This review examined the scope of acute toxicological data required to determine the safety of pesticide products, and factors and covariates that need to be controlled in order to ensure that predictivity and precaution are balanced in a risk assessment process within a reasonable time-frame, using acute PYR-induced neurotoxicity in rodents as an exemplar. C1 [Wolansky, M. J.] Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Toxicol Mezclas Quim, Inst Invest IQUIBICEN, CONICET,Dept Quim Biol,Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Tornero-Velez, R.] US EPA, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Wolansky, MJ (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Toxicol Mezclas Quim, Dept Quim Biol, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat,Lab QB48, Piso 4,Pabellon 2,Ciudad Univ UBA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mjwolansky@qb.fcen.uba.ar NR 207 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-7404 EI 1521-6950 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev. PD NOV 17 PY 2013 VL 16 IS 8 BP 453 EP 490 DI 10.1080/10937404.2013.853607 PG 38 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 274IC UT WOS:000328599000001 PM 24298913 ER PT J AU Simmons, JE AF Simmons, Jane Ellen TI Preface SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Simmons, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Simmons.Jane@epa.gov OI Wurmbrand, Susi/0000-0002-8794-9889 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD NOV 16 PY 2013 VL 313 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 71 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2013.11.001 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 280AQ UT WOS:000329001400001 PM 24286990 ER PT J AU Hertzberg, RC Pan, Y Li, RS Haber, LT Lyles, RH Herr, DW Moser, VC Simmons, JE AF Hertzberg, Richard C. Pan, Yi Li, Ruosha Haber, Lynne T. Lyles, Robert H. Herr, David W. Moser, Virginia C. Simmons, Jane Ellen TI A four-step approach to evaluate mixtures for consistency with dose addition SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxicological interaction; Carbamates; Nonadditive; Synergy; Antagonism; Dose-response model ID TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; FLASH EVOKED-POTENTIALS; PHOTIC AFTER-DISCHARGE; CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; COMBINATION; DESIGNS; IMPACT; CHOLINESTERASE; ISOBOLOGRAMS AB Mixture risk assessment is often hampered by the lack of dose-response information on the mixture being assessed, forcing reliance on component formulas such as dose addition. We present a four-step approach for evaluating chemical mixture data for consistency with dose addition for use in supporting a component based mixture risk assessment. Following the concepts in the U.S. EPA mixture risk guidance (U.S. EPA, 2000a,b), toxicological interaction for a defined mixture (all components known) is departure from a clearly articulated definition of component additivity. For the common approach of dose additivity, the EPA guidance identifies three desirable characteristics, foremost of which is that the component chemicals are toxicologically similar. The other two characteristics are empirical: the mixture components have toxic potencies that are fixed proportions of each other (throughout the dose range of interest), and the mixture dose term in the dose additive prediction formula, which we call the combined prediction model (CPM), can be represented by a linear combination of the component doses. A consequent property of the proportional toxic potencies is that the component chemicals must share a common dose-response model, where only the dose coefficients depend on the chemical components. A further consequence is that the mixture data must be described by the same mathematical function ("mixture model") as the components, but with a distinct coefficient for the total mixture dose. The mixture response is predicted from the component dose-response curves by using the dose additive CPM and the prediction is then compared with the observed mixture results. The four steps are to evaluate: (I) toxic proportionality by determining how well the CPM matches the single chemical models regarding mean and variance; (2) fit of the mixture model to the mixture data; (3) agreement between the mixture data and the CPM prediction; and (4) consistency between the CPM and the mixture model. Because there are four evaluations instead of one, some involving many parameters or dose groups, there are more opportunities to reject statistical hypotheses about dose addition, thus statistical adjustment for multiple comparisons is necessary. These four steps contribute different pieces of information about the consistency of the component and mixture data with the two empirical characteristics of dose additivity. We examine this four-step approach in how it can show empirical support for dose addition as a predictor for an untested mixture in a screening level risk assessment. The decision whether to apply dose addition should be based on all four of those evidentiary pieces as well as toxicological understanding of these chemicals and should include interpretations of the numerical and toxicological issues that arise during the evaluation. This approach is demonstrated with neurotoxicity data on carbamate mixtures. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hertzberg, Richard C.] Biomath Consulting, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Pan, Yi; Li, Ruosha; Lyles, Robert H.] Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Haber, Lynne T.] Toxicol Excellence Risk Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45211 USA. [Herr, David W.; Moser, Virginia C.; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Hertzberg, RC (reprint author), Biomath Consulting, 1932 Grist Stone Court NE, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM hertzberg_rc@bellsouth.net FU US Environmental Protection Agency; EPA [GS-10F0369N] FX This work was supported by intramural funding of the US Environmental Protection Agency. Statistical analysis was funded by EPA contract GS-10F0369N to Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment and EPA Purchase Order EP-D-08-085 to R.C. Hertzberg. NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD NOV 16 PY 2013 VL 313 IS 2-3 SI SI BP 134 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2012.10.016 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 280AQ UT WOS:000329001400009 PM 23146763 ER PT J AU LaLone, CA Villeneuve, DL Burgoon, LD Russom, CL Helgen, HW Berninger, JP Tietge, JE Severson, MN Cavallin, JE Ankley, GT AF LaLone, Carlie A. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Burgoon, Lyle D. Russom, Christine L. Helgen, Henry W. Berninger, Jason P. Tietge, Joseph E. Severson, Megan N. Cavallin, Jenna E. Ankley, Gerald T. TI Molecular target sequence similarity as a basis for species extrapolation to assess the ecological risk of chemicals with known modes of action SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Predictive toxicology; Protein sequence similarity; Molecular target; Relative intrinsic susceptibility; Conserved functional domains ID ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; LIFE-CYCLE TEST; ENVIRONMENTAL ESTROGENS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTERS; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; GOBIOCYPRIS-RARUS; JAPANESE MEDAKA; SODIUM-CHANNELS; FATHEAD MINNOW AB It is not feasible to conduct toxicity tests with all species that may be impacted by chemical exposures. Therefore, cross-species extrapolation is fundamental to environmental risk assessment. Recognition of the impracticality of generating empirical, whole organism, toxicity data for the extensive universe of chemicals in commerce has been an impetus driving the field of predictive toxicology. We describe a strategy that leverages expanding databases of molecular sequence information together with identification of specific molecular chemical targets whose perturbation can lead to adverse outcomes to support predictive species extrapolation. This approach can be used to predict which species may be more (or less) susceptible to effects following exposure to chemicals with known modes of action (e.g., pharmaceuticals, pesticides). Primary amino acid sequence alignments are combined with more detailed analyses of conserved functional domains to derive the predictions. This methodology employs bioinformatic approaches to automate, collate, and calculate quantitative metrics associated with cross-species sequence similarity of key molecular initiating events (MIEs). Case examples focused on the actions of (a) 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol on the human (Homo sapiens) estrogen receptor; (b) permethrin on the mosquito (Aedes aegypti)voltage-gated para-like sodium channel; and (c) 17 beta-trenbolone on the bovine (Bos taurus) androgen receptor are presented to demonstrate the potential predictive utility of this species extrapolation strategy. The examples compare empirical toxicity data to cross-species predictions of intrinsic susceptibility based on analyses of sequence similarity relevant to the MIEs of defined adverse outcome pathways. Through further refinement, and definition of appropriate domains of applicability, we envision practical and routine utility for the molecular target similarity-based predictive method in chemical risk assessment, particularly where testing resources are limited. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [LaLone, Carlie A.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Russom, Christine L.; Tietge, Joseph E.; Severson, Megan N.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Burgoon, Lyle D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Helgen, Henry W.] Comp Sci Corp, North Amer Publ Sect, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Berninger, Jason P.] CNR, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Cavallin, Jenna E.] US EPA, ORISE Res Participat Program, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Midcontinent, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP LaLone, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM LaLone.Carlie@epa.gov RI Berninger, Jason/O-2401-2016; OI Berninger, Jason/0000-0003-3045-7899; Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352 NR 74 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X EI 1879-1514 J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 144 BP 141 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.09.004 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA AA0WD UT WOS:000330817200016 PM 24177217 ER PT J AU Li, LP Xing, WQ Scheckel, KG Xiang, GQ Ji, HH Li, H AF Li, Liping Xing, Weiqin Scheckel, Kirk G. Xiang, Guoqiang Ji, Haohao Li, Hao TI Lead retention in a calcareous soil influenced by calcium and phosphate amendments SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Calcium; Lead; Phosphate; Adsorption; Substitution; Immobilization ID PB IMMOBILIZATION; CONTAMINATED SOIL; ADSORPTION COMPLEXES; WATER INTERFACE; TOXIC METALS; HYDROXYAPATITE; AVAILABILITY; PHOSPHORUS; MECHANISMS; ZN AB Phosphate amendments in calcareous lead (Pb)-contaminated soils to immobilize Pb may be hindered due to competition of Pb with calcium (Ca) that may inhibit the retention of Pb as a precipitation mechanism. This study explored the retention of Pb in a calcareous soil spiked and aged with 500 mg kg(-1) Pb2+ and amended with H2PO4-. In addition, Ca2+ was added immediately or three days before or after phosphate, after which ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was planted. Diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Pb of the soils in which Ca was added immediately after phosphate was lower than those only amended with phosphate or when Ca was added three days before or after phosphate. The addition of Ca immediately after phosphate resulted in the greatest reduction of ammonia acetate-exchangeable Ca concentration, Olsen-P concentration, and carbonate phase Pb. Higher plant biomass yields were observed for the simultaneous P and Ca treatment. The results of the study demonstrate that co-added Ca and P may help reduce Pb availability by forming fresh Ca-P sorbent phases to retain Pb through an adsorption-substitution mechanism, which may play an important role in the sequestration of Pb in calcareous soils with soluble phosphate in addition to the mechanism of the direct precipitation as pyromorphite. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Liping; Xing, Weiqin; Xiang, Guoqiang; Ji, Haohao; Li, Hao] Henan Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China. [Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA. RP Li, LP (reprint author), Henan Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China. EM li_liping@yahoo.com OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241 FU Natural Science Foundation of Bureau of Education, Henan Province [2011A610006] FX This work was sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Bureau of Education, Henan Province (2011A610006). The authors also want to thank Gena Chai, Wanwan Chen and Lumei Wang for their help in chemical analysis of the samples. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development participated in a portion of the research described here. It has not been subject to agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 EI 1873-3336 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 262 BP 250 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.08.058 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 288ET UT WOS:000329595500030 PM 24036148 ER PT J AU Boehm, AB Van De Werfhorst, LC Griffith, JF Holden, PA Jay, JA Shanks, OC Wang, D Weisberg, SB AF Boehm, Alexandria B. Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C. Griffith, John F. Holden, Patricia A. Jay, Jenny A. Shanks, Orin C. Wang, Dan Weisberg, Stephen B. TI Performance of forty-one microbial source tracking methods: A twenty-seven lab evaluation study SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microbial source tracking; Bacteroidales; Enterococci; Fecal pollution ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; HUMAN FECAL POLLUTION; BACTEROIDALES GENETIC-MARKERS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FRESH-WATER; INDICATOR BACTERIA; HUMAN ADENOVIRUSES AB The last decade has seen development of numerous new microbial source tracking (MST) methodologies, but many of these have been tested in just a few laboratories with a limited number of fecal samples. This method evaluation study examined the specificity and sensitivity of 41 MST methodologies by analyzing data generated in 27 laboratories. MST methodologies that targeted human, cow, ruminant, dog, gull, pig, horse, and sheep were tested against sewage, septage, human, cow, dog, deer, pig, chicken, pigeon, gull, horse, and goose fecal samples. Each laboratory received 64 blind samples containing a single source (singletons) or two sources (doubletons), as well as diluted singleton samples to assess method sensitivity. Laboratories utilized their own protocols when performing the methods and data were deposited in a central database before samples were unblinded. Between one and seven laboratories tested each method. The most sensitive and specific assays, based on an analysis of presence/absence of each marker in target and non-target fecal samples, were HF183 endpoint and HF183SYBR (human), CF193 and Rum2Bac (ruminant), CowM2 and CowM3 (cow), BacCan (dog), Gul12SYBR and LeeSeaGull (gull), PF163 and pigmtDNA (pig), HoF597 (horse), PhyloChip (pig, horse, chicken, deer), Universal 16S TRFLP (deer), and Bacteroidales 16S TRFLP (pig, horse, chicken, deer); all had sensitivity and specificity higher than 80% in all or the majority of laboratories. When the abundance of MST markers in target and non-target fecal samples was examined, some assays that performed well in the binary analysis were found to not be sensitive enough as median concentrations fell below a minimum abundance criterion (set at 50 copies per colony forming units of enterococci) in target fecal samples. Similarly, some assays that cross-reacted with non-target fecal sources in the binary analysis were found to perform well in a quantitative analysis because the cross-reaction occurred at very low levels. Based on a quantitative analysis, the best performing methods were HF183Taqman and BacH (human), Rum2Bac and BacR (ruminant), LeeSeaGull (gull), and Pig2Bac (pig); no cow or dog-specific assay met the quantitative specificity and sensitivity criteria. Some of the best performing assays in the study were run by just one laboratory so further testing of assay portability is needed. While this study evaluated the marker performance in defined samples, further field testing as well as development of frameworks for fecal source allocation and risk assessment are needed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Boehm, Alexandria B.; Wang, Dan] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Griffith, John F.; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Jay, Jenny A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Boehm, AB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM aboehm@stanford.edu RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008; Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017 OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425; FU California State Water Resources Control Board FX The authors acknowledge all participants in the Source Identification Protocol Project (Table 1) and Chuck Hagedorn for comments on the manuscript. Blythe Layton, Yiping Cao, Todd Russell, Lauren Sassoubre, Meredith Raith, Darcy Ebentier, Ngoc Hoang, and Ning Jiang were instrumental in creating the challenge samples, assisted by other volunteers associated with the authors' labs. Kevan Yamahara created the graphical abstract. This paper has been subjected to the US Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Funding for this project has been provided in full or in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author (s). The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the State Water Resources Control Board or the US EPA, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 74 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 9 U2 118 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6812 EP 6828 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.12.046 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000002 PM 23880218 ER PT J AU Stewart, JR Boehm, AB Dubinsky, EA Fong, TT Goodwin, KD Griffith, JF Noble, RT Shanks, OC Vijayavel, K Weisberg, SB AF Stewart, Jill R. Boehm, Alexandria B. Dubinsky, Eric A. Fong, Theng-Theng Goodwin, Kelly D. Griffith, John F. Noble, Rachel T. Shanks, Orin C. Vijayavel, Kannappan Weisberg, Stephen B. TI Recommendations following a multi-laboratory comparison of microbial source tracking methods SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microbial source tracking; qPCR; Water quality; Coliform ID BACTEROIDALES GENETIC-MARKERS; BOVINE FECAL POLLUTION; TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR; REAL-TIME; WATER-QUALITY; FRESH-WATER; RECREATIONAL WATER; ASSAYS; PERFORMANCE; RNA AB Microbial source tracking (MST) methods were evaluated in the Source Identification Protocol Project (SIPP), in which 27 laboratories compared methods to identify host sources of fecal pollution from blinded water samples containing either one or two different fecal types collected from California. This paper details lessons learned from the SIPP study and makes recommendations to further advance the field of MST. Overall, results from the SIPP study demonstrated that methods are available that can correctly identify whether particular host sources including humans, cows and birds have contributed to contamination in a body of water. However, differences between laboratory protocols and data processing affected results and complicated interpretation of MST method performance in some cases. This was an issue particularly for samples that tested positive (non-zero C-t values) but below the limits of quantification or detection of a PCR assay. Although false positives were observed, such samples in the SIPP study often contained the fecal pollution source that was being targeted, i.e., the samples were true positives. Given these results, and the fact that MST often requires detection of targets present in low concentrations, we propose that such samples be reported and identified in a unique category to facilitate data analysis and method comparisons. Important data can be lost when such samples are simply reported as positive or negative. Actionable thresholds were not derived in the SIPP study due to limitations that included geographic scope, age of samples, and difficulties interpreting low concentrations of target in environmental samples. Nevertheless, the results of the study support the use of MST for water management, especially to prioritize impaired waters in need of remediation. Future integration of MST data into quantitative microbial risk assessments and other models could allow managers to more efficiently protect public health based on site conditions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stewart, Jill R.; Noble, Rachel T.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Dubinsky, Eric A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fong, Theng-Theng] Clancy Environm Consultants, Tetra Tech Co, St Albans, VT 05478 USA. [Goodwin, Kelly D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Griffith, John F.; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [Noble, Rachel T.] Univ N Carolina, UNC Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Vijayavel, Kannappan] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Vijayavel, Kannappan] Ottawa Cty Hlth Dept, Div Environm Hlth, Holland, MI 49424 USA. RP Stewart, JR (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 1301 Michael Hooker Res Ctr,135 Dauer Dr,Campus B, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jill.stewart@unc.edu; aboehm@stanford.edu; eadubinsky@lbl.gov; ttfong@gmail.com; kelly.goodwin@noaa.gov; johng@sccwrp.org; rtnoble@email.unc.edu; shanks.orin@epamail.epa.gov; vijayavelkannappan@gmail.com; stevew@sccwrp.org RI Goodwin, Kelly/B-4985-2014; Dubinsky, Eric/D-3787-2015; Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008 OI Goodwin, Kelly/0000-0001-9583-8073; Dubinsky, Eric/0000-0002-9420-6661; Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425 FU California State Water Resources Control Board FX Funding for this project has been provided in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6829 EP 6838 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.04.063 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000003 PM 23891204 ER PT J AU Ebentier, DL Hanley, KT Cao, YP Badgley, BD Boehm, AB Ervin, JS Goodwin, KD Gourmelon, M Griffith, JF Holden, PA Kelty, CA Lozach, S McGee, C Peed, LA Raith, M Ryu, H Sadowsky, MJ Scott, EA Domingo, JS Schriewer, A Sinigalliano, CD Shanks, OC Van De Werfhorst, LC Wang, D Wuertz, S Jay, JA AF Ebentier, Darcy L. Hanley, Kaitlyn T. Cao, Yiping Badgley, Brian D. Boehm, Alexandria B. Ervin, Jared S. Goodwin, Kelly D. Gourmelon, Michele Griffith, John F. Holden, Patricia A. Kelty, Catherine A. Lozach, Solen McGee, Charles Peed, Lindsay A. Raith, Meredith Ryu, Hodon Sadowsky, Michael J. Scott, Elizabeth A. Domingo, Jorge Santo Schriewer, Alexander Sinigalliano, Christopher D. Shanks, Orin C. Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C. Wang, Dan Wuertz, Stefan Jay, Jennifer A. TI Evaluation of the repeatability and reproducibility of a suite of qPCR-based microbial source tracking methods SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microbial source tracking; qPCR; Repeatability; Reproducibility; Fecal pollution ID BACTEROIDALES GENETIC-MARKERS; FECAL POLLUTION; MEASURING ENTEROCOCCUS; PERFORMANCE; QUANTIFICATION; ENUMERATION; PROTOCOLS AB Many PCR-based methods for microbial source tracking (MST) have been developed and validated within individual research laboratories. Inter-laboratory validation of these methods, however, has been minimal, and the effects of protocol standardization regimes have not been thoroughly evaluated. Knowledge of factors influencing PCR in different laboratories is vital to future technology transfer for use of MST methods as a tool for water quality management. In this study, a blinded set of 64 filters (containing 32 duplicate samples generated from 12 composite fecal sources) were analyzed by three to five core laboratories with a suite of PCR-based methods utilizing standardized reagents and protocols. Repeatability (intra-laboratory variability) and reproducibility (inter-laboratory variability) of observed results were assessed. When standardized methodologies were used, intra- and inter-laboratory %CVs were generally low (median %CV 0.1-3.3% and 1.9-7.1%, respectively) and comparable to those observed in similar inter-laboratory validation studies performed on other methods of quantifying fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in environmental samples. ANOVA of %CV values found three human-associated methods (BsteriF1, BacHum, and HF183Taqman) to be similarly reproducible ( p > 0.05) and significantly more reproducible (p < 0.05) than HumM2. This was attributed to the increased variability associated with low target concentrations detected by HumM2 (approximately 1-2 log(20)copies/filter lower) compared to other human-associated methods. Cow-associated methods (BacCow and CowM2) were similarly reproducible ( p > 0.05). When using standardized protocols, variance component analysis indicated sample type (fecal source and concentration) to be the major contributor to total variability with that from replicate filters and inter-laboratory analysis to be within the same order of magnitude but larger than inherent intra-laboratory variability. However, when reagents and protocols were not standardized, inter-laboratory %CV generally increased with a corresponding decline in reproducibility. Overall, these findings verify the repeatability and reproducibility of these MST methods and highlight the need for standardization of protocols and consumables prior to implementation of larger scale MST studies involving multiple laboratories. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ebentier, Darcy L.; Hanley, Kaitlyn T.; Jay, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Hanley, Kaitlyn T.; Schriewer, Alexander; Wuertz, Stefan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cao, Yiping; Griffith, John F.; Raith, Meredith; Scott, Elizabeth A.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project Author, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [Badgley, Brian D.; Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Badgley, Brian D.; Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Boehm, Alexandria B.; Wang, Dan] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ervin, Jared S.; Holden, Patricia A.; Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ervin, Jared S.; Holden, Patricia A.; Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Goodwin, Kelly D.; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Gourmelon, Michele; Lozach, Solen] IFREMER, ZI Pointe Diable, Unite Environm Microbiol & Phycotoxines, Dept Ressources Biol & Environm,MIC LNR,Lab Micro, Plouzane, France. [Kelty, Catherine A.; Peed, Lindsay A.; Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge Santo; Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [McGee, Charles] Orange Cty Sanitat Dist, Fountain Valley, CA 92708 USA. [Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RP Jay, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 5732 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM jjay@seas.ucla.edu RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; Goodwin, Kelly/B-4985-2014; Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016; Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017 OI Hanley, Kaitlyn/0000-0002-8252-4689; Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; Goodwin, Kelly/0000-0001-9583-8073; Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781; FU California State Water Resources Control Board FX We would like to acknowledge all participants in the Source Identification Protocol Project (SIPP) study. Funding for this project has been provided in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6839 EP 6848 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.060 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000004 PM 23911226 ER PT J AU Wang, D Farnleitner, AH Field, KG Green, HC Shanks, OC Boehm, AB AF Wang, Dan Farnleitner, Andreas H. Field, Katharine G. Green, Hyatt C. Shanks, Orin C. Boehm, Alexandria B. TI Enterococcus and Escherichia coli fecal source apportionment with microbial source tracking genetic markers - Is it feasible? SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Water quality; Fecal pollution; Microbial source tracking ID FRESH-WATER; SEWAGE CONTAMINATION; INDICATOR BACTERIA; QUANTITATIVE PCR; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; BACTEROIDALES; POLLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; SURVIVAL; WASTE AB Fecal pollution is measured in surface waters using culture-based measurements of enterococci and Escherichia coli bacteria. Source apportionment of these two fecal indicator bacteria is an urgent need for prioritizing remediation efforts and quantifying health risks associated with source-specific pathogens. There are a number of quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) assays that estimate concentrations of source-associated genetic markers; however, their concentrations are not necessarily amenable to source apportionment because the markers may differ in prevalence across sources. Here we mathematically derive and test, under ideal conditions, a method that utilizes the ratios of fecal source-associated genetic markers and culture and molecular measurements of general fecal indicators to apportion enterococci and E. coli. The source contribution is approximately equal to the ratio of the source-associated and the general fecal indicator concentrations in a water sample divided by their ratio in the source material, so long as cross-reactivity is negligible. We illustrate the utility of the ratio method using samples consisting of mixtures of various fecal pollution sources. The results from the ratio method correlated well with the actual source apportionment in artificial samples. However, aging of contamination can confound source allocation predictions. In particular, culturable enterococci and E. coli, the organisms presently regulated in the United States and much of the world, decay at different rates compared to source-associated markers and as a result cannot be apportioned using this method. However, limited data suggest a similar decay rate between source-associated and QPCR-measured Enterococcus and E. coli genetic markers, indicating that apportionment may be possible for these organisms; however further work is needed to confirm. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Dan; Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Farnleitner, Andreas H.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Engn, Interuniversitary Cooperat Ctr Water & Hlth, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Field, Katharine G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Green, Hyatt C.; Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Boehm, AB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 473 Via Ortega Room 189, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM aboehm@stanford.edu RI Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017; OI Farnleitner, Andreas/0000-0002-0542-5425 FU California State Water Resources Control Board; Austrian Science Fund [B22309-B20, DK-plus W1219-N22] FX Funding for this project has been provided in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board. A.H.F. was supported by the Austrian Science Fund, grant number B22309-B20 and DK-plus W1219-N22. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 34 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6849 EP 6861 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.058 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000005 PM 23890872 ER PT J AU Ervin, JS Russell, TL Layton, BA Yamahara, KM Wang, D Sassoubre, LM Cao, YP Kelty, CA Sivaganesan, M Boehm, AB Holden, PA Weisberg, SB Shanks, OC AF Ervin, Jared S. Russell, Todd L. Layton, Blythe A. Yamahara, Kevan M. Wang, Dan Sassoubre, Lauren M. Cao, Yiping Kelty, Catherine A. Sivaganesan, Mano Boehm, Alexandria B. Holden, Patricia A. Weisberg, Stephen B. Shanks, Orin C. TI Characterization of fecal concentrations in human and other animal sources by physical, culture-based, and quantitative real-time PCR methods SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Water quality; Fecal indicator bacteria; Quantitative real-time PCR; Escherichia coli; Enterococci; Bacteroidales; Microbial source tracking ID WATER-QUALITY; GENETIC-MARKERS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; SOURCE TRACKING; BACTERIA; ASSAYS; POLLUTION; ENVIRONMENT; SAMPLES; QPCR AB The characteristics of fecal sources, and the ways in which they are measured, can profoundly influence the interpretation of which sources are contaminating a body of water. Although feces from various hosts are known to differ in mass and composition, it is not well understood how those differences compare across fecal sources and how differences depend on characterization methods. This study investigated how nine different fecal characterization methods provide different measures of fecal concentration in water, and how results varied across twelve different fecal pollution sources. Sources investigated included chicken, cow, deer, dog, goose, gull, horse, human, pig, pigeon, septage and sewage. A composite fecal slurry was prepared for each source by mixing feces from 6 to 22 individual samples with artificial freshwater. Fecal concentrations were estimated by physical (wet fecal mass added and total DNA mass extracted), culture-based (Escherichia coli and enterococci by membrane filtration and defined substrate), and quantitative real-time PCR (Bacteroidales, E. coli, and enterococci) characterization methods. The characteristics of each composite fecal slurry and the relationships between physical, culture-based and qPCR-based characteristics varied within and among different fecal sources. An in silico exercise was performed to assess how different characterization methods can impact identification of the dominant fecal pollution source in a mixed source sample. A comparison of simulated 10:90 mixtures based on enterococci by defined substrate predicted a source reversal in 27% of all possible combinations, while mixtures based on E. coli membrane filtration resulted in a reversal 29% of the time. This potential for disagreement in minor or dominant source identification based on different methods of measurement represents an important challenge for water quality managers and researchers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ervin, Jared S.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ervin, Jared S.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Russell, Todd L.; Wang, Dan; Sassoubre, Lauren M.; Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Layton, Blythe A.; Cao, Yiping; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [Kelty, Catherine A.; Sivaganesan, Mano; Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Yamahara, Kevan M.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shanks.orin@epa.gov RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008; Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017 OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425; FU California State Water Resources Control Board FX Funding for this project has been provided in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The authors would also like to acknowledge all of those involved in the Source Identification Protocol Project (SIPP). Information has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 65 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6873 EP 6882 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.060 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000007 PM 23871252 ER PT J AU Sinigalliano, CD Ervin, JS Van De Werfhorst, LC Badgley, BD Balleste, E Bartkowiak, J Boehm, AB Byappanahalli, M Goodwin, KD Gourmelon, M Griffith, J Holden, PA Jay, J Layton, B Lee, C Lee, J Meijer, WG Noble, R Raith, M Ryu, H Sadowsky, MJ Schriewer, A Wang, D Wanless, D Whitman, R Wuertz, S Domingo, JWS AF Sinigalliano, Christopher D. Ervin, Jared S. Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C. Badgley, Brian D. Balleste, Elisenda Bartkowiak, Jakob Boehm, Alexandria B. Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara Goodwin, Kelly D. Gourmelon, Michele Griffith, John Holden, Patricia A. Jay, Jenny Layton, Blythe Lee, Cheonghoon Lee, Jiyoung Meijer, Wim G. Noble, Rachel Raith, Meredith Ryu, Hodon Sadowsky, Michael J. Schriewer, Alexander Wang, Dan Wanless, David Whitman, Richard Wuertz, Stefan Domingo, Jorge W. Santo TI Multi-laboratory evaluations of the performance of Catellicoccus marimammalium PCR assays developed to target gull fecal sources SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Quantitative PCR; Fecal indicator bacteria; Microbial source tracking; Catellicoccus marimammalium; Gulls; Water quality monitoring ID INDICATOR BACTERIA; LARUS-DELAWARENSIS; NONPOINT-SOURCE; WATER-QUALITY; LAKE-MICHIGAN; CANADA GOOSE; FECES; CONTAMINATION; BEACHES; ENTEROCOCCI AB Here we report results from a multi-laboratory (n = 11) evaluation of four different PCR methods targeting the 165 rRNA gene of Catellicoccus marimammalium originally developed to detect gull fecal contamination in coastal environments. The methods included a conventional end-point PCR method, a SYBR (R) Green qPCR method, and two TaqMan (R) qPCR methods. Different techniques for data normalization and analysis were tested. Data analysis methods had a pronounced impact on assay sensitivity and specificity calculations. Across-laboratory standardization of metrics including the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), target detected but not quantifiable (DNQ), and target not detected (ND) significantly improved results compared to results submitted by individual laboratories prior to definition standardization. The unit of measure used for data normalization also had a pronounced effect on measured assay performance. Data normalization to DNA mass improved quantitative method performance as compared to enterococcus normalization. The MST methods tested here were originally designed for gulls but were found in this study to also detect feces from other birds, particularly feces composited from pigeons. Sequencing efforts showed that some pigeon feces from California contained sequences similar to C. marimammalium found in gull feces. These data suggest that the prevalence, geographic scope, and ecology of C. marimammaliurn in host birds other than gulls require further investigation. This study represents an important first step in the multi-laboratory assessment of these methods and highlights the need to broaden and standardize additional evaluations, including environmentally relevant target concentrations in ambient waters from diverse geographic regions. Published by Elsevier C1 [Sinigalliano, Christopher D.; Bartkowiak, Jakob; Goodwin, Kelly D.; Wanless, David] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Ervin, Jared S.; Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ervin, Jared S.; Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Badgley, Brian D.; Sadowsky, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Balleste, Elisenda; Meijer, Wim G.] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Biomol & Biomed Sci, Conway Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Bartkowiak, Jakob; Wanless, David] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA. [Boehm, Alexandria B.; Wang, Dan; Whitman, Richard] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN USA. [Gourmelon, Michele] IFREMER, ZI Pointe Diable, Unite Environm Microbiol & Phycotoxines, Dept Ressources Biol & Enuironm,MIC LNR,Lab Micro, Plouzane, France. [Griffith, John; Layton, Blythe; Raith, Meredith] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA USA. [Jay, Jenny] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Lee, Cheonghoon; Lee, Jiyoung] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lee, Jiyoung] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Noble, Rachel] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC USA. [Ryu, Hodon; Domingo, Jorge W. Santo] US EPA, Microbial Contaminants Control Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Schriewer, Alexander; Wuertz, Stefan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Badgley, Brian D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Sinigalliano, CD (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA. EM christopher.sinigalliano@noaa.gov RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; Goodwin, Kelly/B-4985-2014; Balleste, Elisenda/C-1727-2013; Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016; Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017 OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; Goodwin, Kelly/0000-0001-9583-8073; Balleste, Elisenda/0000-0003-2523-8464; Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781; FU California Water Resources Control Board; NSF [NSF 0CE0432368/0911373]; NIEHS [NIEHS P50ES12736]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Ocean Chemistry Division; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development; RARE program; U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Ocean Research Priorities Plan (ORPP); Irish EPA; National Research Council fellowship FX This study was primarily funded by a Clean Beach Initiative grant from the California Water Resources Control Board. It was also funded in part by Oceans and Human Health Center grants from NSF and NIEHS (NSF 0CE0432368/0911373 and NIEHS P50ES12736, respectively). Additional funding support and research collaboration was also provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Ocean Chemistry Division. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development and the RARE program, partially funded and collaborated in the research described herein. Research collaboration support and additional funding was also provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center. This work was funded in part by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Ocean Research Priorities Plan (ORPP). Portions of this work conducted at University College Dublin were funded in part by the Irish EPA under the STRIVE Programme. This work has been subjected to agency administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. EPA; therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. HR was funded via a National Research Council fellowship. This article is Contribution 1737 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6883 EP 6896 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.059 PG 14 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000008 PM 23916157 ER PT J AU Layton, BA Cao, YP Ebentier, DL Hanley, K Balleste, E Brandao, J Byappanahalli, M Converse, R Farnleitner, AH Gentry-Shields, J Gidley, ML Gourmelon, M Lee, CS Lee, J Lozach, S Madi, T Meijer, WG Noble, R Peed, L Reischer, GH Rodrigues, R Rose, JB Schriewer, A Sinigalliano, C Srinivasan, S Stewart, J Van De Werfhorst, LC Wang, D Whitman, R Wuertz, S Jay, J Holden, PA Boehm, AB Shanks, O Griffith, JF AF Layton, Blythe A. Cao, Yiping Ebentier, Darcy L. Hanley, Kaitlyn Balleste, Elisenda Brandao, Joao Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara Converse, Reagan Farnleitner, Andreas H. Gentry-Shields, Jennifer Gidley, Maribeth L. Gourmelon, Michele Lee, Chang Soo Lee, Jiyoung Lozach, Solen Madi, Tania Meijer, Wim G. Noble, Rachel Peed, Lindsay Reischer, Georg H. Rodrigues, Raquel Rose, Joan B. Schriewer, Alexander Sinigalliano, Chris Srinivasan, Sangeetha Stewart, Jill Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C. Wang, Dan Whitman, Richard Wuertz, Stefan Jay, Jenny Holden, Patricia A. Boehm, Alexandria B. Shanks, Orin Griffith, John F. TI Performance of human fecal anaerobe-associated PCR-based assays in a multi-laboratory method evaluation study SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microbial source tracking; qPCR; Water quality; Bacteroides; Bacteroidales ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REAL-TIME PCR; QUANTITATIVE PCR; GENETIC-MARKERS; SEWAGE POLLUTION; FRESH-WATER; BACTEROIDALES; INDICATOR; CONTAMINATION; TRACKING AB A number of PCR-based methods for detecting human fecal material in environmental waters have been developed over the past decade, but these methods have rarely received independent comparative testing in large multi-laboratory studies. Here, we evaluated ten of these methods (BacH, BacHum-UCD, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BtH), BsteriF1, gyrB, HF183 endpoint, HF183 SYBR, HF183 Taqman (R), HumM2, and Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH (Mnif)) using 64 blind samples prepared in one laboratory. The blind samples contained either one or two fecal sources from human, wastewater or non-human sources. The assay results were assessed for presence/absence of the human markers and also quantitatively while varying the following: 1) classification of samples that were detected but not quantifiable (DNQ) as positive or negative; 2) reference fecal sample concentration unit of measure (such as culturable indicator bacteria, wet mass, total DNA, etc); and 3) human fecal source type (stool, sewage or septage). Assay performance using presence/absence metrics was found to depend on the classification of DNQ samples. The assays that performed best quantitatively varied based on the fecal concentration unit of measure and laboratory protocol. All methods were consistently more sensitive to human stools compared to sewage or septage in both the presence/absence and quantitative analysis. Overall, HF183 Taqman (R) was found to be the most effective marker of human fecal contamination in this California-based study. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Layton, Blythe A.; Cao, Yiping; Griffith, John F.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [Ebentier, Darcy L.; Hanley, Kaitlyn; Jay, Jenny] UCLA Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Balleste, Elisenda; Meijer, Wim G.] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Biomol & Biomed Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Brandao, Joao; Rodrigues, Raquel] Inst Nacl Saude, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara; Whitman, Richard] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA. [Converse, Reagan; Noble, Rachel] UNC Chapel Hill Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Converse, Reagan] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Farnleitner, Andreas H.; Reischer, Georg H.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Engn, Interuniv Cooperat Ctr Water & Hlth, Environm Microbiol & Mol Ecol Grp, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Gentry-Shields, Jennifer; Stewart, Jill] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gidley, Maribeth L.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Gourmelon, Michele; Lozach, Solen] IFREMER, ZI Pointe Diable, Unite Environm Microbiol & Phycotoxines, Dept Ressources Biol & Environm,MIC LNR,Lab Micro, Plouzane, France. [Lee, Chang Soo; Lee, Jiyoung] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Madi, Tania] Source Mol Corp, Miami, FL 33155 USA. [Peed, Lindsay; Shanks, Orin] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Rose, Joan B.; Srinivasan, Sangeetha] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Schriewer, Alexander; Wuertz, Stefan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sinigalliano, Chris] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Wang, Dan; Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Biol Sci SBS B1N 27, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 637551, Singapore. [Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 637551, Singapore. RP Griffith, JF (reprint author), Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd Ste 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. EM johng@sccwrp.org RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; gidley, maribeth/B-8335-2014; Balleste, Elisenda/C-1727-2013; Brandao, Joao/H-8795-2016; Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017 OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; gidley, maribeth/0000-0001-9583-8073; Balleste, Elisenda/0000-0003-2523-8464; Hanley, Kaitlyn/0000-0002-8252-4689; Farnleitner, Andreas/0000-0002-0542-5425; Brandao, Joao/0000-0001-7553-227X; FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P22309-820]; DK-plus [W1219-N22]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA04OAR4600199]; California State Water Resources Control Board FX The authors are deeply grateful to Meredith Raith for her vital contribution to sample creation, data generation and data analysis. Steve Weisberg and Chuck Hagedorn helped develop the manuscript. We also greatly appreciate the students and staff of all labs that participated in the SIPP method evaluation study. Work in the Famleitner Lab was funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects # P22309-820 and DK-plus #W1219-N22. Work in the Rose Lab was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NA04OAR4600199). Funding for the method evaluation study was through a Clean Beach Initiative Grant from the California State Water Resources Control Board. This article is Contribution 1758 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 39 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 63 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6897 EP 6908 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.060 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000009 PM 23992621 ER PT J AU Schriewer, A Goodwin, KD Sinigalliano, CD Cox, AM Wanless, D Bartkowiak, J Ebentier, DL Hanley, KT Ervin, J Deering, LA Shanks, OC Peed, LA Meijer, WG Griffith, JF SantoDomingo, J Jay, JA Holden, PA Wuertz, S AF Schriewer, Alexander Goodwin, Kelly D. Sinigalliano, Christopher D. Cox, Annie M. Wanless, David Bartkowiak, Jakob Ebentier, Darcy L. Hanley, Kaitlyn T. Ervin, Jared Deering, Louise A. Shanks, Orin C. Peed, Lindsay A. Meijer, Wim G. Griffith, John F. SantoDomingo, Jorge Jay, Jennifer A. Holden, Patricia A. Wuertz, Stefan TI Performance evaluation of canine-associated Bacteroidales assays in a multi-laboratory comparison study SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Quantitative PCR; Microbial source tracking; Bacteroidales; Canine fecal pollution ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; FECAL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; GENETIC-MARKERS; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; WATER-QUALITY; POLLUTION; DOGS; BACTERIA; ANIMALS; SAMPLES AB The contribution of fecal pollution from dogs in urbanized areas can be significant and is an often underestimated problem. Microbial source tracking methods (MST) utilizing quantitative PCR of dog-associated gene sequences encoding 16S rRNA of Bacteroidales are a useful tool to estimate these contributions. However, data about the performance of available assays are scarce. The results of a multi-laboratory study testing two assays for the determination of dog-associated Bacteroidales (DogBact and BacCan-UCD) on 64 single and mixed fecal source samples created from pooled fecal samples collected in California are presented here. Standardization of qPCR data treatment lowered inter-laboratory variability of sensitivity and specificity results. Both assays exhibited 100% sensitivity. Normalization methods are presented that eliminated random and confirmed non-target responses. The combination of standardized qPCR data treatment, use of normalization via a non-target specific Bacteroidales assay (GenBac3), and application of threshold criteria improved the calculated specificity significantly for both assays. Such measures would reasonably improve MST data interpretation not only for canine-associated assays, but for all qPCR assays used in identifying and monitoring fecal pollution in the environment. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schriewer, Alexander; Hanley, Kaitlyn T.; Wuertz, Stefan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Goodwin, Kelly D.; Sinigalliano, Christopher D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Cox, Annie M.] NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Wanless, David; Bartkowiak, Jakob] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA. [Ebentier, Darcy L.; Hanley, Kaitlyn T.; Jay, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Ervin, Jared; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ervin, Jared; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Deering, Louise A.; Meijer, Wim G.] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Biomol & Biomed Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Shanks, Orin C.; Peed, Lindsay A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Griffith, John F.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA USA. [SantoDomingo, Jorge] US EPA, Microbial Contaminants Control Branch, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Singapore Ctr Environm Life Sci Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Wuertz, Stefan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. RP Wuertz, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM swuertz@ucdavis.edu RI Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014; Goodwin, Kelly/B-4985-2014; OI Sinigalliano, Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X; Goodwin, Kelly/0000-0001-9583-8073; Hanley, Kaitlyn/0000-0002-8252-4689 FU California Water Resources Control Board; NSF [NSF 0CE0432368/0911373]; NIEHS [NIEHS P50 ES12736]; Division of Environmental Analysis of the California Department for Transportation [43A0259] FX This study was primarily funded by a Clean Beach Initiative grant from the California Water Resources Control Board. It was also supported in part by Oceans and Human Health Center grants from NSF and NIEHS (NSF 0CE0432368/0911373 and NIEHS P50 ES12736, respectively). Work in the Wuertz laboratory was funded by the Division of Environmental Analysis of the California Department for Transportation contract no. 43A0259. Information has been subjected to the U.S. EPA Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6909 EP 6920 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.062 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000010 PM 23916711 ER PT J AU Raith, MR Kelty, CA Griffith, JF Schriewer, A Wuertz, S Mieszkin, S Gourmelon, M Reischer, GH Farnleitner, AH Ervin, JS Holden, PA Ebentier, DL Jay, JA Wang, D Boehm, AB Aw, TG Rose, JB Balleste, E Meijer, WG Sivaganesan, M Shanks, OC AF Raith, Meredith R. Kelty, Catherine A. Griffith, John F. Schriewer, Alexander Wuertz, Stefan Mieszkin, Sophie Gourmelon, Michele Reischer, Georg H. Farnleitner, Andreas H. Ervin, Jared S. Holden, Patricia A. Ebentier, Darcy L. Jay, Jennifer A. Wang, Dan Boehm, Alexandria B. Aw, Tiong Gim Rose, Joan B. Balleste, E. Meijer, W. G. Sivaganesan, Mano Shanks, Orin C. TI Comparison of PCR and quantitative real-time PCR methods for the characterization of ruminant and cattle fecal pollution sources SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Microbial source tracking; Fecal pollution; Ruminants; Cattle ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; INDICATOR BACTERIA; GENETIC-MARKERS; WATER-QUALITY; ASSAYS; BACTEROIDALES; OUTBREAK; FECES AB The State of California has mandated the preparation of a guidance document on the application of fecal source identification methods for recreational water quality management. California contains the fifth highest population of cattle in the United States, making the inclusion of cow-associated methods a logical choice. Because the performance of these methods has been shown to change based on geography and/or local animal feeding practices, laboratory comparisons are needed to determine which assays are best suited for implementation. We describe the performance characterization of two end-point PCR assays (CF128 and CF193) and five real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays (Rum2Bac, BacR, BacCow, CowM2, and CowM3) reported to be associated with either ruminant or cattle feces. Each assay was tested against a blinded set of 38 reference challenge filters (19 duplicate samples) containing fecal pollution from 12 different sources suspected to impact water quality. The abundance of each host-associated genetic marker was measured for qPCR-based assays in both target and non-target animals and compared to quantities of total DNA mass, wet mass of fecal material, as well as Bacteroidales, and enterococci determined by 16S rRNA qPCR and culture-based approaches (enterococci only). Ruminant-and cow-associated genetic markers were detected in all filters containing a cattle fecal source. However, some assays cross-reacted with non-target pollution sources. A large amount of variability was evident across laboratories when protocols were not-fixed suggesting that protocol standardization will be necessary for widespread implementation. Finally, performance metrics indicate that the cattle-associated CowM2 qPCR method combined with either the BacR or Rum2Bac ruminant-associated methods are most suitable for implementation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kelty, Catherine A.; Sivaganesan, Mano; Shanks, Orin C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Raith, Meredith R.; Griffith, John F.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [Schriewer, Alexander; Wuertz, Stefan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mieszkin, Sophie; Gourmelon, Michele] IFREMER, Lab Microbiol EMP MIC, F-29280 Plouzane, France. [Reischer, Georg H.; Farnleitner, Andreas H.] Vienna Univ Technol, Res Grp Environm Microbiol & Mol Ecol, Inst Chem Engn, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Reischer, Georg H.; Farnleitner, Andreas H.] Interuniv Cooperat Ctr Water & Hlth, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Ervin, Jared S.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ervin, Jared S.; Holden, Patricia A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ebentier, Darcy L.; Jay, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Wang, Dan; Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94205 USA. [Aw, Tiong Gim; Rose, Joan B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Balleste, E.; Meijer, W. G.] Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Sch Biomol & Biomed Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland. RP Shanks, OC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM shanks.orin@epa.gov RI Balleste, Elisenda/C-1727-2013; Wang, Dan/D-3927-2017; OI Balleste, Elisenda/0000-0003-2523-8464; Farnleitner, Andreas/0000-0002-0542-5425 FU California State Water Resources Control Board; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P22309-B20]; DK-plus [W1219-N22] FX Funding for this project has been provided in part through an agreement with the California State Water Resources Control Board. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the California State Water Resources Control Board, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Work in the Farnleitner Lab was funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects #P22309-B20 and DK-plus #W1219-N22. Information has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily reflect the official positions and policies of the U.S. EPA., Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 18 BP 6921 EP 6928 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.061 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 272EV UT WOS:000328444000011 PM 23871256 ER PT J AU Daniels, SL Sprunger, PT Kizilkaya, O Lytle, DA Garno, JC AF Daniels, Stephanie L. Sprunger, Phillip T. Kizilkaya, Orhan Lytle, Darren A. Garno, Jayne C. TI Nanoscale surface characterization of aqueous copper corrosion: Effects of immersion interval and orthophosphate concentration SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AFM Copper corrosion; Drinking water; Inorganic contaminants and; orthophosphate ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; DRINKING-WATER INSTALLATIONS; SITU TM-AFM; PHOSPHATE INHIBITION; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; BEHAVIOR; RELEASE; DOSAGE; IRON; PH AB Morphology changes for copper surfaces exposed to different water parameters were investigated at the nanoscale with atomic force microscopy (AFM), as influenced by changes in pH and the levels of orthophosphate ions. Synthetic water samples were designed to mimic physiological chemistries for drinking water, both with and without addition of orthophosphate over a pH range 6.5-9. Copper surfaces treated with orthophosphate as a corrosion inhibitor after 6 and 24 h were evaluated. Tapping mode AFM images revealed dosing of the water with 6 mg/L of orthophosphate was beneficial in retarding the growth of copper by-products. The chemical composition and oxidation state of the surface deposits were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Daniels, Stephanie L.; Garno, Jayne C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Sprunger, Phillip T.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Sprunger, Phillip T.; Kizilkaya, Orhan] Louisiana State Univ, Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ctr Adv Microstruct & Devices, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Daniels, Stephanie L.; Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab NRMRL, Water Supply & Water Resource Div WSWRD, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Garno, JC (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Chem, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jgarno@lsu.edu FU National Science Foundation Louisiana EPSCoR [EPS-1003897]; NSF-sponsored Louis Stokes Alliances for Minority Participation - Bridge; United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [EPAO9C000090]; U.S. Department of Energy FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation Louisiana EPSCoR EPS-1003897. SLD acknowledges support from the NSF-sponsored Louis Stokes Alliances for Minority Participation - Bridge to the Doctorate Program for a graduate fellowship. This research was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (Student service contract NO. EPAO9C000090). Currently, SLD is a participant in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education (ORISE) program sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect official USEPA positions and policies. Any mention of products or trade names does not constitute USEPA recommendation for their use. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 EI 1873-5584 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 285 BP 823 EP 831 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.08.136 PN B PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 246ZA UT WOS:000326579400101 ER PT J AU Novick, KA Walker, J Chan, WS Schmidt, A Sobek, C Vose, JM AF Novick, K. A. Walker, J. Chan, W. S. Schmidt, A. Sobek, C. Vose, J. M. TI Eddy covariance measurements with a new fast-response, enclosed-path analyzer: Spectral characteristics and cross-system comparisons SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Eddy covariance; Spectra; Density corrections; Instrument heating; Closed-path; Open-path ID WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; LONG-TERM; ADVECTION MEASUREMENTS; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GAS ANALYZERS; MIXING-RATIO; CO2 FLUX; FOREST; SUBLAYER AB A new class of enclosed path gas analyzers suitable for eddy covariance applications combines the advantages of traditional closed-path systems (small density corrections, good performance in poor weather) and open-path systems (good spectral response, low power requirements), and permits estimates of instantaneous gas mixing ratio. Here, the extent to which these advantages are realized in field deployment is assessed, with a focus on the suitability of such an analyzer (the EC155, manufactured by Campbell Scientific) for long-term flux measurements in a new flux monitoring site in the southern Appalachians (NC, USA). The scalar-vertical velocity co-spectra for CO2 fluxes measured with the EC155 were similar to those measured with a co-located open-path system. When humidity was high, attenuation of the EC155 water vapor fluxes for non-dimensional frequencies greater than similar to 2 was noted, though results from an ogive analysis suggest that eddies operating on these time scales contributed <2% of the total turbulent flux in this tall forest ecosystem. Inertial sub-range decay of the vertical velocity-scalar co-spectra generally conformed to a -7/3 power law during near-neutral atmospheric stability conditions, supporting the use of an analytical spectral correction approach to the raw measured fluxes. The EC155 fluxes computed directly from instantaneous mixing ratio agreed with will those calculated from mass-density concentration measurements, provided density terms for temperature, water vapor, and pressure were applied. Biases were observed when the EC155 flux records were compared to those measured with the open-path system. These differences were related to wind angle of attack and to an estimate of apparent fluxes related to instrument self-heating, and the biases were minimized after the application of a friction velocity filter. Finally, the EC155 considerably outperformed open-path analyzers during adverse weather conditions favorable to fog development, which occur frequently in the study site. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Novick, K. A.; Sobek, C.; Vose, J. M.] Forest Serv, USDA, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28734 USA. [Walker, J.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Durham, NC USA. [Chan, W. S.; Schmidt, A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Novick, K. A.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Novick, KA (reprint author), Forest Serv, USDA, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, 3160 Coweeta Lab Rd, Otto, NC 28734 USA. EM knovick@indiana.edu RI Walker, John/I-8880-2014; OI Walker, John/0000-0001-6034-7514; Schmidt, Andres/0000-0001-7110-6652 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-06ER6430] FX Support for this work was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant no. DE-FG02-06ER6430). This document has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. We thank a number of individuals who assisted with data collection and analysis, including Steven Brantley, Chelcy Ford, Randy Fowler, Stephanie Laseter, and Andres Schmidt. We are grateful to Gaby Katul, William Massman, and Chelcy Ford for providing valuable comments on a previous version of this manuscript. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD NOV 15 PY 2013 VL 181 BP 17 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.06.020 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 229DR UT WOS:000325242500002 ER PT J AU Schroder, S Herker, E Itzen, F He, D Thomas, S Gilchrist, DA Kaehlcke, K Cho, S Pollard, KS Capra, JA Schnolzer, M Cole, PA Geyer, M Bruneau, BG Adelman, K Ott, M AF Schroeder, Sebastian Herker, Eva Itzen, Friederike He, Daniel Thomas, Sean Gilchrist, Daniel A. Kaehlcke, Katrin Cho, Sungyoo Pollard, Katherine S. Capra, John A. Schnoelzer, Martina Cole, Philip A. Geyer, Matthias Bruneau, Benoit G. Adelman, Karen Ott, Melanie TI Acetylation of RNA Polymerase II Regulates Growth-Factor-Induced Gene Transcription in Mammalian Cells SO MOLECULAR CELL LA English DT Article ID C-TERMINAL DOMAIN; HISTONE H3; CHIP-SEQ; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; CHROMATIN TEMPLATES; HUMAN GENOME; DNA-BINDING; ELONGATION; PROMOTERS; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Lysine acetylation regulates transcription by targeting histones and nonhistone proteins. Here we report that the central regulator of transcription, RNA polymerase II, is subject to acetylation in mammalian cells. Acetylation occurs at eight lysines within the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest polymerase subunit and is mediated by p300/KAT3B. CTD acetylation is specifically enriched downstream of the transcription start sites of polymerase-occupied genes genome-wide, indicating a role in early stages of transcription initiation or elongation. Mutation of lysines or p300 inhibitor treatment causes the loss of epidermal growth-factor-induced expression of c-Fos and Egr2, immediate-early genes with promoter-proximally paused polymerases, but does not affect expression or polymerase occupancy at housekeeping genes. Our studies identify acetylation as a new modification of the mammalian RNA polymerase II required for the induction of growth factor response genes. C1 [Schroeder, Sebastian; Herker, Eva; He, Daniel; Thomas, Sean; Kaehlcke, Katrin; Cho, Sungyoo; Pollard, Katherine S.; Capra, John A.; Bruneau, Benoit G.; Ott, Melanie] Gladstone Inst, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Schroeder, Sebastian; He, Daniel; Thomas, Sean; Kaehlcke, Katrin; Cho, Sungyoo; Pollard, Katherine S.; Capra, John A.; Bruneau, Benoit G.; Ott, Melanie] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Herker, Eva] Heinrich Pette Inst, Leibniz Inst Expt Virol, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany. [Itzen, Friederike; Geyer, Matthias] Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. [Gilchrist, Daniel A.; Adelman, Karen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Schnoelzer, Martina] German Canc Res Ctr, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Cole, Philip A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Geyer, Matthias] Res Ctr Caesar, D-53175 Bonn, Germany. RP Ott, M (reprint author), Gladstone Inst, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. EM mott@gladstone.ucsf.edu RI Herker, Eva/B-9699-2014; OI Herker, Eva/0000-0001-9644-2484; Ott, Melanie/0000-0002-5697-1274; Gilchrist, Daniel/0000-0003-1668-2790 FU Gladstone; NIH [AI083139-02, GM62437, GM82901, U01HL098179]; Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES101987]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GE 976/5]; Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds; Human Frontiers Science Program; E.G.G. fellowship; PhRMA Foundation FX We thank Jeffrey Corden and Andrew Rice for sharing reagents; Alexander Williams, Kirsten Eilertson, Brian Egan, Pao-Chen Li, and Ginger Muse for advice and assistance with experiments; and Gary Howard and Anna Lisa Lucido for editorial assistance. We gratefully acknowledge funds from Gladstone, the NIH (AI083139-02 [M.O.], GM62437 [P.A.C.], GM82901 [K.S.P. and J.A.C.], U01HL098179 [K.S.P. and B.G.B.]), the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K.A., Z01 ES101987), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (M.G., GE 976/5), the Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds (S.S.), the Human Frontiers Science Program and an E.G.G. fellowship (E.H.), and the PhRMA Foundation (J.A.C.). NR 50 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 6 U2 24 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1097-2765 J9 MOL CELL JI Mol. Cell PD NOV 7 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 3 BP 314 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.10.009 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 250KU UT WOS:000326852500005 PM 24207025 ER PT J AU Hao, RX Bondesson, M Singh, AV Riu, A McCollum, CW Knudsen, TB Gorelick, DA Gustafsson, JA AF Hao, Ruixin Bondesson, Maria Singh, Amar V. Riu, Anne McCollum, Catherine W. Knudsen, Thomas B. Gorelick, Daniel A. Gustafsson, Jan-Ake TI Identification of Estrogen Target Genes during Zebrafish Embryonic Development through Transcriptomic Analysis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CANCER-CELL-LINES; DANIO-RERIO; RECEPTOR-ALPHA; BREAST-CANCER; ER-BETA; RETINOIC ACID; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION; REGULATES EXPRESSION; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; VITELLOGENIN GENES AB Estrogen signaling is important for vertebrate embryonic development. Here we have used zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a vertebrate model to analyze estrogen signaling during development. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 1 mu M 17 beta-estradiol (E2) or vehicle from 3 hours to 4 days post fertilization (dpf), harvested at 1, 2, 3 and 4 dpf, and subjected to RNA extraction for transcriptome analysis using microarrays. Differentially expressed genes by E2-treatment were analyzed with hierarchical clustering followed by biological process and tissue enrichment analysis. Markedly distinct sets of genes were up and down-regulated by E2 at the four different time points. Among these genes, only the well-known estrogenic marker vtg1 was co-regulated at all time points. Despite this, the biological functional categories targeted by E2 were relatively similar throughout zebrafish development. According to knowledge-based tissue enrichment, estrogen responsive genes were clustered mainly in the liver, pancreas and brain. This was in line with the developmental dynamics of estrogen-target tissues that were visualized using transgenic zebrafish containing estrogen responsive elements driving the expression of GFP (Tg(5xERE: GFP)). Finally, the identified embryonic estrogen-responsive genes were compared to already published estrogen-responsive genes identified in male adult zebrafish (Gene Expression Omnibus database). The expressions of a few genes were co-regulated by E2 in both embryonic and adult zebrafish. These could potentially be used as estrogenic biomarkers for exposure to estrogens or estrogenic endocrine disruptors in zebrafish. In conclusion, our data suggests that estrogen effects on early embryonic zebrafish development are stage-and tissue-specific. C1 [Hao, Ruixin; Bondesson, Maria; Riu, Anne; McCollum, Catherine W.; Gustafsson, Jan-Ake] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Ctr Nucl Receptors & Cell Signaling, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Singh, Amar V.; Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Gorelick, Daniel A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Embryol, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. [Gustafsson, Jan-Ake] Karolinska Inst, Dept Biosci & Nutr, Huddinge, Sweden. RP Bondesson, M (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Ctr Nucl Receptors & Cell Signaling, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM mbondessonbolin@uh.edu OI McCollum, Catherine/0000-0002-2238-803X FU Environmental Protection Agency [R834289]; Emerging Technology Fund of Texas; Robert A Welch Foundation [E-0004] FX This study was supported by grants from the Environmental Protection Agency (grant number R834289), the Emerging Technology Fund of Texas and the Robert A Welch Foundation (E-0004). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 85 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 30 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 6 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 11 AR e79020 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0079020 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 247XD UT WOS:000326656200065 PM 24223173 ER PT J AU Pleil, JD Stiegel, MA AF Pleil, Joachim D. Stiegel, Matthew A. TI Evolution of Environmental Exposure Science: Using Breath-Borne Biomarkers for "Discovery" of the Human Exposome SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SUSTAINABILITY; PESTICIDES; CONDENSATE; BENZENE C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Stiegel, Matthew A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 NR 59 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 5 PY 2013 VL 85 IS 21 BP 9984 EP 9990 DI 10.1021/ac402306f PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 248OQ UT WOS:000326711400002 PM 24067055 ER PT J AU Akhtar, FH Pinder, RW Loughlin, DH Henze, DK AF Akhtar, Farhan H. Pinder, Robert W. Loughlin, Daniel H. Henze, Daven K. TI GLIMPSE: A Rapid Decision Framework for Energy and Environmental Policy SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID US ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; TERM CLIMATE-CHANGE; HUMAN HEALTH; QUALITY; SECURITY; BENEFITS; MITIGATION; EMISSIONS; VEHICLES AB Over the coming decades, new energy production technologies and the policies that oversee them will affect human health, the vitality of our ecosystems, and the stability of the global climate. The GLIMPSE decision model framework provides insights about the implications of technology and policy decisions on these outcomes. Using GLIMPSE, decision makers can identify alternative techno-policy futures, examining their air quality, health, and short- and long-term climate impacts. Ultimately, GLIMPSE will support the identification of cost-effective strategies for simultaneously achieving performance goals for these metrics. Here, we demonstrate the utility of GLIMPSE by analyzing several future energy scenarios under existing air quality regulations and potential CO2 emission reduction policies. We find opportunities for substantial cobenefits in setting both climate change mitigation and health-benefit based air quality improvement targets. Though current policies which prioritize public health protection increase near-term warming, establishing policies that also reduce greenhouse gas emissions may offset warming in the near-term and lead to significant reductions in long-term warming. C1 [Akhtar, Farhan H.; Pinder, Robert W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Loughlin, Daniel H.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Henze, Daven K.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Pinder, RW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM pinder.rob@epa.gov FU US EPA's Air, Climate, and Energy Program; NASA's Air Quality Applied Science Team; EPA STAR grant [83521101]; Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education FX We thank Susan Anenberg, Neal Fann, Pat Dolwick, Chris Nolte, Rohit Mathur and three anonomous reviewers for their helpful comments. This work is supported by the US EPA's Air, Climate, and Energy Program, NASA's Air Quality Applied Science Team, EPA STAR grant 83521101, and the Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education. Disclaimer: While this manuscript has been reviewed by the Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication, it may not reflect official agency views or policies. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 5 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 21 BP 12011 EP 12019 DI 10.1021/es402283j PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 248OP UT WOS:000326711300020 PM 24044746 ER PT J AU Zakersalehi, A Nadagouda, M Choi, H AF Zakersalehi, Abolfazl Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna Choi, Hyeok TI Suppressing NOM access to controlled porous TiO2 particles enhances the decomposition of target water contaminants SO CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE TiO2 photocatalyst; Selective oxidation; Size-exclusion; Porous structure; Natural organic matter; Ibuprofen ID SOL-GEL METHOD; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; PREFERENTIAL PHOTODEGRADATION; SELECTIVE PHOTOCATALYSIS; MESOPOROUS TIO2; DRINKING-WATER; OXIDATION; PHARMACEUTICALS; SILICATES; CHEMICALS AB Preferential oxidation of target chemicals of concern has been a challenging issue in TiO2 photocatalysis, considering typical source water contains low concentrations of highly toxic substances along with high concentrations of less toxic naturally abundant organic matter (NOM). This study demonstrates simply controlling the porous structure of TiO2 can suppress the access of large size NOM to the TiO2 and thus improve the selective oxidation of small size target contaminants. Ibuprofen as a target contaminant was successfully decomposed even in the presence of humic acid as competing NOM. Selectivity enhancement mechanism was proposed, based on size exclusion principle. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zakersalehi, Abolfazl; Choi, Hyeok] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Choi, H (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM hchoi@uta.edu FU University of Texas at Arlington FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research by the University of Texas at Arlington. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, collaborated in the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-7367 EI 1873-3905 J9 CATAL COMMUN JI Catal. Commun. PD NOV 5 PY 2013 VL 41 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.catcom.2013.07.013 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 216LB UT WOS:000324283800018 ER PT J AU Williams-DeVane, CR Reif, DM Hubal, EC Bushel, PR Hudgens, EE Gallagher, JE Edwards, SW AF Williams-DeVane, ClarLynda R. Reif, David M. Hubal, Elaine Cohen Bushel, Pierre R. Hudgens, Edward E. Gallagher, Jane E. Edwards, Stephen W. TI Decision tree-based method for integrating gene expression, demographic, and clinical data to determine disease endotypes SO BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Asthma; Endotypes; Gene Expression; Integrated analysis ID SYSTEMS BIOLOGY APPROACH; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; ASTHMA RESEARCH-PROGRAM; HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; REGULATORY NETWORKS; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; BAYESIAN NETWORKS; ADULT ASTHMA AB Background: Complex diseases are often difficult to diagnose, treat and study due to the multi-factorial nature of the underlying etiology. Large data sets are now widely available that can be used to define novel, mechanistically distinct disease subtypes (endotypes) in a completely data-driven manner. However, significant challenges exist with regard to how to segregate individuals into suitable subtypes of the disease and understand the distinct biological mechanisms of each when the goal is to maximize the discovery potential of these data sets. Results: A multi-step decision tree-based method is described for defining endotypes based on gene expression, clinical covariates, and disease indicators using childhood asthma as a case study. We attempted to use alternative approaches such as the Student's t-test, single data domain clustering and the Modk-prototypes algorithm, which incorporates multiple data domains into a single analysis and none performed as well as the novel multi-step decision tree method. This new method gave the best segregation of asthmatics and non-asthmatics, and it provides easy access to all genes and clinical covariates that distinguish the groups. Conclusions: The multi-step decision tree method described here will lead to better understanding of complex disease in general by allowing purely data-driven disease endotypes to facilitate the discovery of new mechanisms underlying these diseases. This application should be considered a complement to ongoing efforts to better define and diagnose known endotypes. When coupled with existing methods developed to determine the genetics of gene expression, these methods provide a mechanism for linking genetics and exposomics data and thereby accounting for both major determinants of disease. C1 [Williams-DeVane, ClarLynda R.; Edwards, Stephen W.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Reif, David M.; Hubal, Elaine Cohen] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Durham, NC 27711 USA. [Bushel, Pierre R.] NIEHS, Biostat Branch, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Hudgens, Edward E.; Gallagher, Jane E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Williams-DeVane, CR (reprint author), N Carolina Cent Univ, Julius L Chambers Biomed Biotechnol Res Inst, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27707 USA. EM clarlynda.williams@nccu.edu; edwards.stephen@epa.gov OI Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767 FU National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; National Center for Computational Toxicology within the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [Z01 ES102345-04, Z01 ES101744-04, U54 CA156735-02] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the following for substantial contributions to this manuscript: Steve Siferd and Wendell Jones at Expression Analysis; the staff at Henry Ford Health System; all study volunteers and their families. We would like to thank Dr. Robert Hamilton of Johns Hopkins University, for the IgE measurements. We would also like to thank BJ George, Julian Preston, Lyle Burgoon, and Richard Judson for critical review of the manuscript. This study was funded by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and the National Center for Computational Toxicology within the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development, the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [Z01 ES102345-04] and [Z01 ES101744-04], and [U54 CA156735-02]. This manuscript has been subjected to review by the US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 79 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 18 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1752-0509 J9 BMC SYST BIOL JI BMC Syst. Biol. PD NOV 4 PY 2013 VL 7 AR 119 DI 10.1186/1752-0509-7-119 PG 19 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 259CH UT WOS:000327504500001 PM 24188919 ER PT J AU Brewton, RA Fulford, R Griffitt, RJ AF Brewton, Rachel Aileen Fulford, Richard Griffitt, Robert J. TI GENE EXPRESSION AND GROWTH AS INDICATORS OF EFFECTS OF THE BP Deepwater Horizon OIL SPILL ON SPOTTED SEATROUT (Cynoscion nebulosus) SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID DISPERSANT COREXIT EC9500A; CRUDE-OIL; ACUTE INHALATION; PAH UPTAKE; FISH; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; PRESTIGE; EMBRYOS; RATS AB The BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill has great potential to negatively affect estuarine fish populations. In order to assess possible impacts of this event, a series of sublethal lab experiments were performed, using the economically and ecologically important species spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus). Larval and juvenile spotted seatrout were exposed to sublethal concentrations of high energy water accommodated fraction (HEWAF), chemically enhanced water accommodated fraction (CEWAF), or dispersant alone in an acute exposure. Response to exposure was evaluated with quantative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to examine expression of cytochrome P-4501A (CYP1A). Growth of larvae and juveniles over the duration of the experiment was measured as an index of physiological response. Our data showed that the different life stages respond differently to crude and dispersed oil, with larval spotted seatrout affected most by CEWAF, while juvenile spotted seatrout were affected to a greater extent by HEWAF. In both cases, the treatment with the highest CYP1A levels resulted in the greatest reductions in growth. C1 [Brewton, Rachel Aileen; Griffitt, Robert J.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. [Fulford, Richard] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL USA. RP Griffitt, RJ (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA. EM joe.griffitt@usm.edu FU Northern Gulf Institute [11-BP_GRI-23] FX This study was supported with funds from the Northern Gulf Institute (project 11-BP_GRI-23). We gratefully acknowledge laboratory assistance and guidance from Nancy Brown-Peterson, Bryan Hedgpeth, Idrisssa Boube, Binnaz Bailey, and Jeremy Lindsey. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 59 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PD NOV 2 PY 2013 VL 76 IS 21 BP 1198 EP 1209 DI 10.1080/15287394.2013.848394 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 258QZ UT WOS:000327475100003 PM 24283371 ER PT J AU Anderson, RH Farrar, DB Zodrow, JM AF Anderson, Richard H. Farrar, David B. Zodrow, Jean M. TI Terrestrial Metals Bioavailability: A Comprehensive Review and Literature-Derived Decision Rule for Ecological Risk Assessment SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE metals; bioavailability; decision rule; ecological risk assessment ID BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; ION ACTIVITY MODEL; NEMATODE CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; EARTHWORM EISENIA-FOETIDA; COLLINEAR SOIL PROPERTIES; FIELD-CONTAMINATED SOILS; HEAVY-METALS; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; COPPER TOXICITY; ORGANIC-MATTER AB Interstudy variation among bioavailability studies is a primary deterrent to a universal methodology to assess metals bioavailability to soil-dwelling organisms and is largely the result of specific experimental conditions unique to independent studies. Accordingly, two datasets were established from relevant literature; one includes data from studies related to bioaccumulation (total obs = 520), while the other contains data from studies related to toxicity (totalobs = 1264). Experimental factors that affected toxicity and bioaccumulation independent of the effect of soil chemical/physical properties were statistically apportioned from the variation attributed to soil chemical/physical properties for both datasets using a linear mixed model. Residual bioaccumulation data were then used to develop a non-parametric regression tree whereby bootstrap and cross-validation techniques were used to internally validate the resulting decision rule. A similar approach was employed with the toxicity dataset as an independent external validation. A validated decision rule is presented as a quantitative assessment tool that characterizes typical aerobic soils in terms of their potential to sequester common divalent cationic metal contaminants and mitigate their bioavailability to soil-dwelling biota. C1 [Anderson, Richard H.] Dept US Air Force, AFCEC, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Farrar, David B.] US EPA, NCEA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Zodrow, Jean M.] US EPA, Superfund Div, Seattle, WA USA. RP Anderson, RH (reprint author), Dept US Air Force, AFCEC, 2261 Hughes Ave,Site 155, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM richard.anderson.55@us.af.mil FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) and the USEPA. This article not subject to United States copyright law. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USEPA. NR 116 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 140 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1080-7039 J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. PD NOV 2 PY 2013 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1488 EP 1513 DI 10.1080/10807039.2012.708269 PG 26 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 183KL UT WOS:000321813500007 ER PT J AU Wood, JP Choi, YW Wendling, MQ Rogers, JV Chappie, DJ AF Wood, J. P. Choi, Y. W. Wendling, M. Q. Rogers, J. V. Chappie, D. J. TI Environmental persistence of vaccinia virus on materials SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fomite; persistence; pox virus; vaccinia virus ID INACTIVATION; SURFACES; SMALLPOX AB Smallpox is caused by the variola virus, and ranks as one of the most serious diseases that could originate from a biological weapon. However, limited data exist on the persistence of variola and related viruses on materials (that may act as fomites), under controlled environmental conditions. To fill these data gaps, we determined the persistence of the vaccinia virus (an established surrogate for the variola virus) as a function of temperature, relative humidity and material. Experiments were conducted with vaccinia virus in a freeze-dried form, using four materials under four sets of environmental conditions. After elapsed times ranging from 1 to 56 days, the virus was extracted from small coupons and quantified via plaque-forming units (PFU). The vaccinia virus was most persistent at low temperature and low relative humidity, with greater than 10 4 PFU recovered from glass, galvanized steel and painted cinder block at 56 days (equivalent to only a c. 2 log reduction). Thus, vaccinia virus may persist from weeks to months, depending on the material and environmental conditions. This study may aid those responsible for infection control to make informed decisions regarding the need for environmental decontamination following the release of an agent such as variola. C1 [Wood, J. P.] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Choi, Y. W.; Wendling, M. Q.; Rogers, J. V.; Chappie, D. J.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Wood, JP (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Mail Code E343-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM wood.joe@epa.gov OI Wood, Joseph/0000-0001-6316-9418 FU US Environmental Protection Agency through Office of Research and Development [EP-C-10-001]; Battelle Memorial Institute FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and directed the research described herein under EP-C-10-001 with Battelle Memorial Institute. It has been subject to an administrative review but does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. No official endorsement should be inferred. EPA does not endorse the purchase or sale of any commercial products or services. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 EI 1472-765X J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 57 IS 5 BP 399 EP 404 DI 10.1111/lam.12126 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AD1VL UT WOS:000333021700003 PM 23815079 ER PT J AU Christensen, KY Bateson, TF Kopylev, L AF Christensen, Krista Yorita Bateson, Thomas F. Kopylev, Leonid TI Low Levels of Exposure to Libby Amphibole Asbestos and Localized Pleural Thickening SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VERMICULITE MINERS; TREMOLITE ACTINOLITE; RADIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES; MORTALITY; WORKERS; MORBIDITY; COMMUNITY; FIBROSIS; MONTANA; MINNEAPOLIS AB Objective: To explore the relationship between low levels of exposure to Libby amphibole asbestos (LAA) and pleural abnormalities, specifically localized pleural thickening (LPT). Methods: Three studies presenting the risks associated with quantitative LAA exposure estimates were reviewed, paying particular attention to lower exposure ranges. Results: Studies reviewed were conducted among workers exposed to LAA at mining and milling operations in Libby, Montana, at a vermiculite processing facility in Marysville, Ohio, and community residents exposed to LAA from a vermiculite processing facility in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Pleural abnormalities were evaluated using radiographs. Despite differences in study populations and design, each study found that cumulative inhalation LAA exposure was associated with increased risk of LPT even at low levels of exposure. Conclusions: Inhalation exposure to LAA is associated with increased risk of LPT even at the lowest levels of exposure in each study. C1 [Christensen, Krista Yorita; Bateson, Thomas F.; Kopylev, Leonid] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Christensen, KY (reprint author), Mailstop 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Christensen.Krista@epa.gov NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 55 IS 11 BP 1350 EP 1355 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182a3bb25 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 300FE UT WOS:000330449000016 PM 24164765 ER PT J AU Mallard, MS Lackmann, GM Aiyyer, A AF Mallard, Megan S. Lackmann, Gary M. Aiyyer, Anantha TI Atlantic Hurricanes and Climate Change. Part II: Role of Thermodynamic Changes in Decreased Hurricane Frequency SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article DE Hurricanes; Tropical cyclones; Climate change; Hurricanes; typhoons; General circulation models; Mesoscale models ID TROPICAL CYCLONE CLIMATOLOGY; MODEL; CYCLOGENESIS; INTENSITY; IMPACT; PRECIPITATION; EQUILIBRIUM; SENSITIVITY; CONVECTION; INCREASE AB A method of downscaling that isolates the effect of temperature and moisture changes on tropical cyclone (TC) activity was presented in Part I of this study. By applying thermodynamic modifications to analyzed initial and boundary conditions from past TC seasons, initial disturbances and the strength of synoptic-scale vertical wind shear are preserved in future simulations. This experimental design allows comparison of TC genesis events in the same synoptic setting, but in current and future thermodynamic environments. Simulations of both an active (September 2005) and inactive (September 2009) portion of past hurricane seasons are presented.An ensemble of high-resolution simulations projects reductions in ensemble-average TC counts between 18% and 24%, consistent with previous studies. Robust decreases in TC and hurricane counts are simulated with 18- and 6-km grid lengths, for both active and inactive periods. Physical processes responsible for reduced activity are examined through comparison of monthly and spatially averaged genesis-relevant parameters, as well as case studies of development of corresponding initial disturbances in current and future thermodynamic conditions. These case studies show that reductions in TC counts are due to the presence of incipient disturbances in marginal moisture environments, where increases in the moist entropy saturation deficits in future conditions preclude genesis for some disturbances. Increased convective inhibition and reduced vertical velocity are also found in the future environment. It is concluded that a robust decrease in TC frequency can result from thermodynamic changes alone, without modification of vertical wind shear or the number of incipient disturbances. C1 [Mallard, Megan S.; Lackmann, Gary M.; Aiyyer, Anantha] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Mallard, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Mail Drop E243-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM megansmallard@gmail.com OI Mallard, Megan/0000-0001-6548-8914; Aiyyer, Anantha/0000-0002-9706-956X FU DOE [ER64448]; National Science Foundation FX This research was supported by DOE Grant ER64448, awarded to North Carolina State University. The authors thank the Renaissance Computing Institute (RENCI) for making available their computing resources and technical support. Thanks to Profs. Walt Robinson and Fred Semazzi and Dr. Kevin Hill, as well as Dr. Isaac Held and two anonymous reviewers, who provided helpful guidance on this work. We also greatly appreciate the editorial guidance of Dr. Kevin Walsh. The WRF Model is made available by NCAR, funded by the National Science Foundation. We also thank the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) for collecting and archiving the CMIP3 model output, and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) for organizing the model data analysis activity. The WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset is supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 26 IS 21 BP 8513 EP 8528 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00183.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 296OF UT WOS:000330193800016 ER PT J AU Iiames, JS Lunetta, RS AF Iiames, John S. Lunetta, Ross S. TI Classification and Accuracy Assessment for Coarse Resolution Mapping within the Great Lakes Basin, USA SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; LAND-COVER DATA; IGBP DISCOVER; AVHRR DATA; DATABASE; SYSTEM; MAPS AB This study investigated elements important to regional landscape assessments: (a) appropriate mapping spatial resolutions (regional versus subregional), and (b) accuracy assessment procedures (point-based versus area-based). The study used MODIS NDVI time-series data to derive landcover products (2007) in a study area within the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin (as). Area-based reference data (i.e., "maplets") were varied in size and number to assess landcover proportionality agreement and to provide accuracy assessment metrics generated by point-based methodology. High spatial resolution Landsat ETM data was used to assess pixel purity (PP) for the MODIS 250 m pixels imbedded within the maplets (i.e., percent homogeneous) for the dominant cover type. Comparisons between the maplet reference data found a 21.7 percent variation in accuracy values between PP50 percent (67.9 percent accuracy) and PP100 percent (89.6 percent accuracy). Point-based accuracy assessments typically use 100 percent homogeneous reference pixels to assess landcover products, positively biasing the accuracy values. Our area-based methodology allows for the assessment at varying reference pixel homogeneity. C1 [Iiames, John S.; Lunetta, Ross S.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Iiames, JS (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,MD E243-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM iiames.john@epa.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their input into this work. Also, the authors would like to thank Joseph Knight, Jayantha Ediriwickrema, Drew Pilant, Russ Congalton, and Yang Shao for their feedback at various points along this process. The US Environmental Protection Agency funded and conducted the research described in this paper. It has been subject to the Agency's programmatic review and has been approved for publication. Mention of any trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 79 IS 11 BP 1015 EP 1026 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 295CG UT WOS:000330093600004 ER PT J AU Fare, R Grosskopf, S Pasurka, CA AF Faere, Rolf Grosskopf, Shawna Pasurka, Carl A., Jr. TI Tradable permits and unrealized gains from trade SO ENERGY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Tradable permits; SO2 emissions; Joint production model ID TRANSACTION COSTS; POLLUTION; MARKETS; BANKING; INDUSTRY AB With the advent of tradable permit programs for bad outputs (e.g., SO2 emissions); concerns arose over whether the theoretical gains from trade would be realized. We will employ a methodology that calculates the potential gains accruing to coal-fired electric power plants from implementing a tradable permit program. The magnitude of the potential gains in a plant's kilowatt hour output from a tradable permit program relative to its observed production provides insights into the existence of intertemporal allocative inefficiencies and spatial allocative inefficiencies after the implementation of a tradable permit program. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Faere, Rolf; Grosskopf, Shawna] Oregon State Univ, Dept Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Faere, Rolf] Oregon State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pasurka, Carl A., Jr.] US EPA, Off Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Pasurka, CA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Policy, 1809T,120 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM PASURKA.CARL@EPA.GOV RI Pasurka, Carl/H-8996-2016 OI Pasurka, Carl/0000-0001-9846-1507 NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-9883 EI 1873-6181 J9 ENERG ECON JI Energy Econ. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 40 BP 416 EP 424 DI 10.1016/j.eneco.2013.07.015 PG 9 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 281DX UT WOS:000329081300040 ER PT J AU Jordan, S Benson, W AF Jordan, Stephen Benson, William TI Governance and the Gulf of Mexico Coast: How Are Current Policies Contributing to Sustainability? SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE Tampa Bay; Coastal Louisiana; marine fisheries; governance networks ID HURRICANE-KATRINA; TAMPA BAY; MANAGEMENT; ESTUARY; FLORIDA; DECISIONS; NETWORKS; EXAMPLE; SCALES; USA AB The quality of life and economies of coastal communities depend, to a great degree, on the ecological integrity of coastal ecosystems. Paradoxically, as more people are drawn to the coasts, these ecosystems and the services they provide are increasingly stressed by development and human use. Employing the coastal Gulf of Mexico as an example, we explore through three case studies how government policies contribute to preventing, mitigating, or exacerbating the degradation of coastal ecosystems. We consider the effectiveness of the current systems, what alternate or additional policy solutions might be needed to ensure the sustainability of the region and its quality of life, and what this example can tell us about the sustainability of coastal systems globally. In our examples, among other aspects, policies that are proactive and networked governance structures are observed to favor sustainable outcomes, in contrast to reactive policies and hierarchical models of governance. C1 [Jordan, Stephen; Benson, William] USA Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Breeze, FL 32541 USA. RP Jordan, S (reprint author), USA Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32541 USA. EM jordan.steve@epa.gov OI Jordan, Stephen/0000-0002-3207-8633 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD NOV PY 2013 VL 5 IS 11 BP 4688 EP 4705 DI 10.3390/su5114688 PG 18 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 276ZY UT WOS:000328789400010 ER PT J AU Sykes, KE AF Sykes, K. E. TI PROGRESS OF AWARD WINNERS ON CREATING HEALTHY COMMUNITIES FOR ACTIVE AGING SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sykes, K. E.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 EI 1758-5341 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD NOV PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP 352 EP 352 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 258EN UT WOS:000327442104246 ER PT J AU Janousek, CN Folger, CL AF Janousek, Christopher N. Folger, Christina L. TI Inter-specific variation in salinity effects on germination in Pacific Northwest tidal wetland plants SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Environmental stress; Halophyte; Plant growth; Recruitment; Species distribution ID SEED-GERMINATION; SALT TOLERANCE; EARLY ESTABLISHMENT; INUNDATION REGIME; ESTUARINE MARSHES; HORDEUM-JUBATUM; SOIL-SALINITY; HALOPHYTES; GROWTH; PATTERNS AB Environmental stressors such as salinity may affect plant germination and early growth, eventually impacting the distribution and abundance of more mature individuals. In a lab study we evaluated germination sensitivity to salinity in 13 tidal wetland species found in the Pacific Northwest and then compared germination responses with the distributions of established plants along a soil salinity gradient. For two species we also tested whether seeds from wetlands with different salinity regimes varied in their tolerance of higher salinity. All species examined, except Sarcocornia perennis and Symphyotrichum subspicatum, showed maximum germination and seedling lengths under fresh to oligohaline (0-5 ppt) conditions. Most species, including those commonly distributed in more saline wetland soils as adults, had reduced germination at salinities >= 10 ppt. Sensitivity to elevated salinity in Triglochin maritima and Hordeum brachyantherum did not differ markedly between sampled populations. Our results show a mismatch between germination sensitivity and adult tolerance for about half of the species tested. The occurrence of low salinity in time or space may be necessary for optimal germination rates in these species. Future increases in estuarine salinity, perhaps in response to sea-level rise or reduced coastal precipitation, may alter germination patterns in tidal wetland plants and thereby shift plant composition. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. (outside of the USA) C1 [Janousek, Christopher N.; Folger, Christina L.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Janousek, CN (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 2111 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM Janousek.Chris@epa.gov; Folger.Christina@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX Cara Mayo, Jessica Moon and Katie Marko kindly assisted with laboratory work. Melanie Frazier provided statistical advice. We thank Steve Rumrill, Bob Ozretich, anonymous reviewers and the handling editor for suggestions that improved the manuscript. CNJ and CF designed and conducted the research. CNJ conducted the analyses. CNJ wrote the paper with input from CF. The information in this publication has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Lab and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 EI 1879-1522 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 111 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2013.06.009 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 267LS UT WOS:000328099800017 ER PT J AU Gift, JS Caldwell, JC Jinot, J Evans, MV Cote, I Vandenberg, JJ AF Gift, Jeffrey S. Caldwell, Jane C. Jinot, Jennifer Evans, Marina V. Cote, Ila Vandenberg, John J. TI Scientific Considerations for Evaluating Cancer Bioassays Conducted by the Ramazzini Institute SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; LONG-TERM CARCINOGENICITY; LASER CAPTURE MICRODISSECTION; NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM; TERTIARY-BUTYL ETHER; EXPERIMENTAL MULTIPOTENTIAL CARCINOGEN; PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUES; VINYL-ACETATE MONOMER; MYCOPLASMA-PULMONIS; LIFE-SPAN AB BACKGROUND: The Ramazzini Institute (RI) has completed nearly 400 cancer bioassays on > 200 compounds. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and others have suggested that study design and protocol differences between the RI and other laboratories may contribute to controversy regarding cancer hazard findings, principally findings on lymphoma/leukemia diagnoses. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate RI study design, protocol differences, and accuracy of tumor diagnoses for their impact on carcinogenic hazard characterization. METHODS: We analyzed the findings from a recent Pathology Working Group (PWG) review of RI procedures and tumor diagnoses, evaluated consistency of RI and other laboratory findings for chemicals identified by the RI as positive for lymphoma/leukemia, and examined evidence for a number of other issues raised regarding RI bioassays. The RI cancer bioassay design and protocols were evaluated in the context of relevant risk assessment guidance from international authorities. DISCUSSION: Although the PWG identified close agreement with RI diagnoses for most tumor types, it did not find close agreement for lymphoma/leukemia of the respiratory tract or for neoplasms of the inner ear and cranium. Here we discuss a) the implications of the PWG findings, particularly lymphoma diagnostic issues; b) differences between RI studies and those from other laboratories that are relevant to evaluating RI cancer bioassays; and c) future work that may help resolve some concerns. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that a) issues related to respiratory tract infections have complicated diagnoses at that site (i. e., lymphoma/leukemia), as well as for neoplasms of the inner ear and cranium, and b) there is consistency and value in RI studies for identification of other chemical-related neoplasia. C1 [Gift, Jeffrey S.; Caldwell, Jane C.; Jinot, Jennifer; Cote, Ila; Vandenberg, John J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Evans, Marina V.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Gift, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gift.jeff@epa.gov OI Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460 NR 118 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 121 IS 11-12 BP 1253 EP 1263 DI 10.1289/ehp.1306661 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 266ZA UT WOS:000328061900013 PM 24045135 ER PT J AU McIntosh-Kastrinsky, R Diaz-Sanchez, D Sexton, KG Jania, CM Zavala, J Tilley, SL Jaspers, I Gilmour, MI Devlin, RB Cascio, WE Tong, HY AF McIntosh-Kastrinsky, Rachel Diaz-Sanchez, David Sexton, Kenneth G. Jania, Corey M. Zavala, Jose Tilley, Stephen L. Jaspers, Ilona Gilmour, M. Ian Devlin, Robert B. Cascio, Wayne E. Tong, Haiyan TI Photochemically Altered Air Pollution Mixtures and Contractile Parameters in Isolated Murine Hearts before and after Ischemia SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID EXPOSURE; OZONE; PARTICLES; RESPONSES; FAILURE; HEALTH; WHOLE; LUNG; RATS; MICE AB BACKGROUND: The cardiopulmonary effects of the individual criteria air pollutants have been well investigated, but little is known about the cardiopulmonary effects of inhaled multi-pollutant mixtures that more realistically represent environmental exposures. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the cardiopulmonary effects of exposure to photochemically altered particle-free multi-pollutant mixtures. METHODS: We exposed mice to filtered air (FA), multi-pollutant mixtures, or ozone (O-3) for 4 hr in a photochemical reaction chamber. Eight hours after exposure, we assessed cardiac responses using a Langendorff preparation in a protocol consisting of 20 min of global ischemia followed by 2 hr of reperfusion. Cardiac function was assessed by measuring the index of left-ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and contractility (dP/dt) before ischemia. On reperfusion after ischemia, recovery of post-ischemic LVDP and size of infarct were examined. We used bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell counts to assess lung inflammation. RESULTS: Exposure to the multi-pollutant mixtures decreased LVDP, baseline rate of left ventricular contraction (dP/dt(maximum)), and baseline rate of left ventricular relaxation (dP/dt(minimum)) compared with exposure to FA. Exposure to O-3 also decreased heart rate and dP/dt(minimum). Time to ischemic contracture was prolonged in the multi-pollutant-mixture group relative to that in the FA group. Mice in the multi-pollutant-mixture group had better recovery of post-ischemic LVDP and smaller infarct size. Exposure to multi-pollutant mixtures and to O-3 exposure increased numbers of macrophages in the BAL fluid. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to photochemically altered urban air pollution appears to affect cardiac mechanics in isolated perfused hearts. Inhalation of acute multi-pollutant mixtures decreases LVDP and cardiac contractility in isolated non-ischemic murine hearts, prolongs ischemic contracture, increases post-ischemic recovery of LVDP, and reduces infarct size. C1 [McIntosh-Kastrinsky, Rachel; Sexton, Kenneth G.; Zavala, Jose] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Diaz-Sanchez, David; Gilmour, M. Ian; Devlin, Robert B.; Cascio, Wayne E.; Tong, Haiyan] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Jania, Corey M.; Tilley, Stephen L.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jaspers, Ilona] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cascio, Wayne E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Tong, HY (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, NHEERL, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM Tong.haiyan@epa.gov FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Intramural Research Program; U.S. EPA [CR83346301]; Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Intramural Research Program supported this research. This work was also supported in part by the U.S. EPA Cooperative Agreement CR83346301 with the Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 121 IS 11-12 BP 1344 EP 1348 DI 10.1289/ehp.1306609 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 266ZA UT WOS:000328061900024 PM 24148996 ER PT J AU Li, Z Hassan, AA Sahle-Demessie, E Sorial, GA AF Li, Zhen Hassan, Ashraf Aly Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew Sorial, George A. TI Transport of nanoparticles with dispersant through biofilm coated drinking water sand filters SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticles; Dispersant; Sand filter; Biofilm; Transport modeling ID FULLERENE C-60 NANOPARTICLES; SATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; AGGREGATION KINETICS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; DEPOSITION; NANOMATERIALS; ECOTOXICITY; MECHANISMS AB This article characterizes, experimentally and theoretically, the transport and retention of engineered nanoparticles (NP) through sand filters at drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) under realistic conditions. The transport of four commonly used NPs (ZnO, CeO2, TiO2, and Ag, with bare surfaces and coating agents) through filter beds filled with sands from either acid washed and calcined, freshly acquired filter media, and used filter media from active filter media, were investigated. The study was conducted using water obtained upstream of the sand filter at DWTP. The results have shown that capping agents have a determinant importance in the colloidal stability and transport of NPs through the different filter media. The presence of the biofilm in used filter media increased adsorption of NPs but its effects in retaining capped NPs was less significant. The data was used to build a mathematical model based on the advection-dispersion equation. The model was used to simulate the performance of a scale-up sand filter and the effects on filtration cycle of traditional sand filtration system used in DWTPs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Li, Zhen; Sorial, George A.] Univ Cincinnati, Environm Engn Program, Sch Energy Environm Biol & Med Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Hassan, Ashraf Aly; Sahle-Demessie, Endalkachew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Sahle-Demessie, E (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NRMRL, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM sahle-demessie.endalkachew@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA [PR-C108-1170] FX The authors are grateful for Jeff Vogt from GCWW for providing filter media and pre-filtration water for this study, Christina Bennett-Stamper for SEM/TEM images and Deborah Roose for the ICP-AES analysis. ZL is thankful for the financial support from U.S. EPA under contract No. PR-C108-1170. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 45 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD NOV 1 PY 2013 VL 47 IS 17 BP 6457 EP 6466 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.026 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 264WM UT WOS:000327911700004 PM 24050685 ER PT J AU Lee, CM Lazarus, M Smith, GR Todd, K Weitz, M AF Lee, Carrie M. Lazarus, Michael Smith, Gordon R. Todd, Kimberly Weitz, Melissa TI A ton is not always a ton: A road-test of landfill, manure, and afforestation/reforestation offset protocols in the US carbon market SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Article DE Carbon offsets; Offset markets; Carbon accounting; Greenhouse gas; Climate policy ID PROJECTS; BENEFITS; SYSTEMS; TRADE; CAP AB The outcome of recent international climate negotiations suggests we are headed toward a more fragmented carbon market, with multiple emission trading and offset programs operating in parallel. To effectively harmonize and link across programs, it will be important to ensure that across offset programs and protocols that a "ton is a ton". In this article, we consider how sample offsets projects in the U.S. carbon market are treated across protocols from five programs: the Clean Development Mechanism, Climate Action Reserve, Chicago Climate Exchange, Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, and the U.S. EPA's former program, Climate Leaders. We find that differences among protocols for landfill methane, manure management, and afforestation/reforestation project types in accounting boundary definitions, baseline setting methods, measurement rules, emission factors, and discounts lead to differences in offsets credited that are often significant (e.g. greater than 50%). We suggest opportunities for modification and harmonization of protocols that can improve offset quality and credibility and enhance prospects for future linking of trading units and systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Carrie M.; Lazarus, Michael; Smith, Gordon R.] Stockholm Environm Inst, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Todd, Kimberly; Weitz, Melissa] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Lee, CM (reprint author), Stockholm Environm Inst, 1402 3rd Ave,Suite 900, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM Carrie.lee@sei-us.org FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX We would like to thank Heidi Nelson-Ries and the many reviewers for their input on an earlier version of this article. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on this article. The research described in this article has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EPA. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 EI 1873-6416 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PD NOV PY 2013 VL 33 SI SI BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2013.05.002 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 261TC UT WOS:000327686500006 ER PT J AU Short, MD Peters, GM Peirson, WL Ashbolt, NJ AF Short, Michael D. Peters, Gregory M. Peirson, William L. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Marine nitrous oxide emissions: An unknown liability for the international water sector SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Article DE Carbon emissions liability; Coastal zone; Emissions inventory; Greenhouse gas emissions crediting; Marine nitrous oxide emission factor; Sewage-nitrogen; Urban water sector ID NON-CO2 GREENHOUSE GASES; BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; N2O PRODUCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COASTAL ZONES; DENITRIFICATION; SYSTEMS; TRENDS; RIVERS AB Reliable estimates of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are essential for setting effective climate policy at both the sector and national level. Current IPCC Guidelines for calculating nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from sewage management are both highly uncertain and incomplete; a major methodological gap relates to the calculation of indirect N2O emissions from sewage disposed to marine environments. Here we apply a novel approach to estimate past and future global sewage-nitrogen emissions to coastal oceans and the potential marine N2O emissions linked to this nitrogen source. Then, by estimating the future cost associated with this largely uncharacterized emission source, we demonstrate the industry significance of developing a methodology for estimating N2O emissions from marine receiving environments. The capacity to accurately estimate, monitor and report GHG emissions has important consequences for informing future policy decisions regarding both mitigation and adaptation. A robust N2O emissions estimation methodology for sewage-nitrogen disposed to coastal oceans will allow the international water sector to more accurately and comprehensively inventory its N2O emissions. This will in turn allow for proper accounting of related future emissions liabilities while also enabling the sector to capitalize on any future economic returns linked to this source-providing much-needed capital to support the sector's future infrastructure and climate change adaptation challenges. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Short, Michael D.; Peters, Gregory M.; Peirson, William L.; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, UNSW Water Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Peters, Gregory M.] Chalmers, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab MD 593, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Short, MD (reprint author), Univ S Australia, Sch Nat & Built Environm, SA Water Ctr Water Management & Reuse, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia. EM m.short@unsw.edu.au RI Peters, Gregory/J-5872-2015; OI Peters, Gregory/0000-0001-8319-168X; Short, Michael/0000-0003-2086-1855; Peirson, William/0000-0001-8775-5200 FU Australian Research Council [DP1095722] FX We thank Lex (A.F.) Bouwman and Arthur Beusen for assistance with the primary data for this analysis. This work was supported by Australian Research Council Discovery Project DP1095722. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect official US Environmental Protection Agency policy. The mention of products or trade names does not constitute a recommendation for use. NR 103 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 EI 1873-6416 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PD NOV PY 2013 VL 33 SI SI BP 209 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2013.06.003 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 261TC UT WOS:000327686500019 ER PT J AU Thomas, RS Philbert, MA Auerbach, SS Wetmore, BA Devito, MJ Cote, I Rowlands, JC Whelan, MP Hays, SM Andersen, ME Meek, ME Reiter, LW Lambert, JC Clewell, HJ Stephens, ML Zhao, QJ Wesselkamper, SC Flowers, L Carney, EW Pastoor, TP Petersen, DD Yauk, CL Nong, A AF Thomas, Russell S. Philbert, Martin A. Auerbach, Scott S. Wetmore, Barbara A. Devito, Michael J. Cote, Ila Rowlands, J. Craig Whelan, Maurice P. Hays, Sean M. Andersen, Melvin E. Meek, M. E. (Bette) Reiter, Lawrence W. Lambert, Jason C. Clewell, Harvey J., III Stephens, Martin L. Zhao, Q. Jay Wesselkamper, Scott C. Flowers, Lynn Carney, Edward W. Pastoor, Timothy P. Petersen, Dan D. Yauk, Carole L. Nong, Andy TI Incorporating New Technologies Into Toxicity Testing and Risk Assessment: Moving From 21st Century Vision to a Data-Driven Framework SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE in vitro and altenatives; biotransformation and toxicokinetics; predictive toxicology; risk assessment; safety evaluation; exposure ID EPAS TOXCAST PROGRAM; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; IN-VIVO; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; BIOMONITORING DATA; DRUG DISCOVERY; POOLED SAMPLES; IPCS FRAMEWORK; EXPOSURE; DOSIMETRY AB Based on existing data and previous work, a series of studies is proposed as a basis toward a pragmatic early step in transforming toxicity testing. These studies were assembled into a data-driven framework that invokes successive tiers of testing with margin of exposure (MOE) as the primary metric. The first tier of the framework integrates data from high-throughput in vitro assays, in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) pharmacokinetic modeling, and exposure modeling. The in vitro assays are used to separate chemicals based on their relative selectivity in interacting with biological targets and identify the concentration at which these interactions occur. The IVIVE modeling converts in vitro concentrations into external dose for calculation of the point of departure (POD) and comparisons to human exposure estimates to yield a MOE. The second tier involves short-term in vivo studies, expanded pharmacokinetic evaluations, and refined human exposure estimates. The results from the second tier studies provide more accurate estimates of the POD and the MOE. The third tier contains the traditional animal studies currently used to assess chemical safety. In each tier, the POD for selective chemicals is based primarily on endpoints associated with a proposed mode of action, whereas the POD for nonselective chemicals is based on potential biological perturbation. Based on the MOE, a significant percentage of chemicals evaluated in the first 2 tiers could be eliminated from further testing. The framework provides a risk-based and animal-sparing approach to evaluate chemical safety, drawing broadly from previous experience but incorporating technological advances to increase efficiency. C1 [Thomas, Russell S.; Wetmore, Barbara A.; Andersen, Melvin E.; Clewell, Harvey J., III] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Philbert, Martin A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Toxicol Program, Ann Arbor, MI 48019 USA. [Auerbach, Scott S.; Devito, Michael J.] NIEHS, Div Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Cote, Ila; Flowers, Lynn] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA 22202 USA. [Rowlands, J. Craig; Carney, Edward W.] Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting, Midland, MI 48674 USA. [Whelan, Maurice P.] European Commiss DG Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, Syst Toxicol Unit, Ispra, Italy. [Hays, Sean M.] Summit Toxicol LLP, Allenspark, CO 80510 USA. [Meek, M. E. (Bette)] Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [Reiter, Lawrence W.] US EPA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Lambert, Jason C.; Zhao, Q. Jay; Wesselkamper, Scott C.; Petersen, Dan D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Stephens, Martin L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Pastoor, Timothy P.] Syngenta Crop Protect, Toxicol & Hlth Sci Dept, Greensboro, NC 27419 USA. [Yauk, Carole L.; Nong, Andy] Hlth Canada, Hlth Environm & Consumer Safety Branch, Environm Hlth Sci & Res Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. RP Thomas, RS (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, 6 Davis Dr,POB 12137, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rthomas@thehamner.org OI Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811; Thomas, Russell/0000-0002-2340-0301; Yauk, Carole/0000-0003-4919-876X FU American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative FX The work by R.S.T., M.E.A., H.J.C. III, and B.A.W. on this manuscript was supported by the American Chemistry Council's Long-Range Research Initiative. The views expressed by authors affiliated with the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH); however, the statements, opinions, or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions, or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH, or the U. S. government. The authors wish to thank Chad Blystone and Alex Merrick for reviewing the manuscript. NR 68 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 5 U2 56 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 136 IS 1 BP 4 EP 18 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft178 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 258KQ UT WOS:000327458600002 PM 23958734 ER PT J AU Vinken, M Landesmann, B Goumenou, M Vinken, S Shah, I Jaeschke, H Willett, C Whelan, M Rogiers, V AF Vinken, Mathieu Landesmann, Brigitte Goumenou, Marina Vinken, Stefanie Shah, Imran Jaeschke, Hartmut Willett, Catherine Whelan, Maurice Rogiers, Vera TI Development of an Adverse Outcome Pathway From Drug-Mediated Bile Salt Export Pump Inhibition to Cholestatic Liver Injury SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE drug-induced liver injury; cholestasis; adverse outcome pathway ID PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; ORPHAN NUCLEAR RECEPTOR; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; DUCT-LIGATED MICE; OBSTRUCTIVE-CHOLESTASIS; ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION AB Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) have been recently introduced in human risk assessment as pragmatic tools with multiple applications. As such, AOPs intend to provide a clear-cut mechanistic representation of pertinent toxicological effects. AOPs are typically composed of a molecular initiating event, a series of intermediate steps and key events, and an adverse outcome. In this study, an AOP framework is proposed for cholestasis triggered by drug-mediated inhibition of the bile salt export pump transporter protein. For this purpose, an in-depth survey of relevant scientific literature was carried out in order to identify intermediate steps and key events. The latter include bile accumulation, the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and the activation of specific nuclear receptors. Collectively, these mechanisms drive both a deteriorative cellular response, which underlies directly caused cholestatic injury, and an adaptive cellular response, which is aimed at counteracting cholestatic insults. AOP development was performed according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidance, including critical consideration of the Bradford Hill criteria for weight of evidence assessment and the OECD key questions for evaluating AOP confidence. The postulated AOP is expected to serve as the basis for the development of new in vitro tests and the characterization of novel biomarkers of drug-induced cholestasis. C1 [Vinken, Mathieu; Rogiers, Vera] Vrije Univ Brussel, Pharmaceut Res Ctr, Dept Toxicol, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium. [Landesmann, Brigitte; Goumenou, Marina; Whelan, Maurice] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, Syst Toxicol Unit, I-21027 Ispra, Italy. [Vinken, Stefanie] Algemeen Stedelijk Ziekenhuis, Dept Endocrinol, B-9300 Aalst, Belgium. [Shah, Imran] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27709 USA. [Jaeschke, Hartmut] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol Toxicol & Therapeut, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. [Willett, Catherine] Humane Soc United States, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Vinken, M (reprint author), Vrije Univ Brussel, Fac Med & Pharm, Dept Toxicol, Pharmaceut Res Ctr, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium. EM mvinken@vub.ac.be RI Vinken, Mathieu/H-7513-2013 OI Vinken, Mathieu/0000-0001-5115-8893 FU European Union [HEALTH-F5-2010-266838, HEALTH-F5-2010-266777] FX European Union (FP7/Cosmetics Europe projects DETECTIVE and HeMiBio [HEALTH-F5-2010-266838 and HEALTH-F5-2010-266777, respectively]). NR 98 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 136 IS 1 BP 97 EP 106 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft177 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 258KQ UT WOS:000327458600010 PM 23945500 ER PT J AU Bhat, VS Hester, SD Nesnow, S Eastmond, DA AF Bhat, Virunya S. Hester, Susan D. Nesnow, Stephen Eastmond, David A. TI Concordance of Transcriptional and Apical Benchmark Dose Levels for Conazole-Induced Liver Effects in Mice SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE conazole; transcriptional dose response; benchmark dose; liver; phenotypic anchoring ID CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR; PREGNANE X RECEPTOR; RISK-ASSESSMENT; NONGENOTOXIC HEPATOCARCINOGENS; GENOMIC BIOMARKERS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; PROPICONAZOLE; PREDICTION; TOXICITY AB The ability to anchor chemical classbased gene expression changes to phenotypic lesions and to describe these changes as a function of dose and time informs mode-of-action determinations and improves quantitative risk assessments. Previous global expression profiling identified a 330-probe cluster differentially expressed and commonly responsive to 3 hepatotumorigenic conazoles (cyproconazole, epoxiconazole, and propiconazole) at 30 days. Extended to 2 more conazoles (triadimefon and myclobutanil), the present assessment encompasses 4 tumorigenic and 1 nontumorigenic conazole. Transcriptional benchmark dose levels (BMDLT) were estimated for a subset of the cluster with dose-responsive behavior and a 5-fold increase or decrease in signal intensity at the highest dose. These genes primarily encompassed CAR/RXR activation, P450 metabolism, liver hypertrophy- glutathione depletion, LPS/IL-1-mediated inhibition of RXR, and NRF2-mediated oxidative stress pathways. Median BMDLT estimates from the subset were concordant (within a factor of 2.4) with apical benchmark doses (BMDLA) for increased liver weight at 30 days for the 5 conazoles. The 30-day median BMDLT estimates were within one-half order of magnitude of the chronic BMDLA for hepatocellular tumors. Potency differences seen in the dose-responsive transcription of certain phase II metabolism, bile acid detoxification, and lipid oxidation genes mirrored each conazoles tumorigenic potency. The 30-day BMDLT corresponded to tumorigenic potency on a milligram per kilogram day basis with cyproconazole > epoxiconazole > propiconazole > triadimefon > myclobutanil (nontumorigenic). These results support the utility of measuring short-term gene expression changes to inform quantitative risk assessments from long-term exposures. C1 [Bhat, Virunya S.; Eastmond, David A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Environm Toxicol Grad Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hester, Susan D.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Bhat, VS (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Environm Toxicol Grad Program, 2109 Biol Sci Bldg, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM vbhat001@ucr.edu FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; University of California-Riverside FX U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and University of California-Riverside. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 25 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 136 IS 1 BP 205 EP 215 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft182 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 258KQ UT WOS:000327458600019 PM 23970803 ER PT J AU McFarland, MJ Kumarsamy, K Brobst, RB Hais, A Schmitz, MD AF McFarland, Michael J. Kumarsamy, Karthik Brobst, Robert B. Hais, Alan Schmitz, Mark D. TI Impact of Biosolids Recycling on Groundwater Resources SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE biosolids; hazard quotient; groundwater; risk characterization AB Using the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) Multimedia, Multi-pathway, Multi-receptor Exposure and Risk Assessment (3MRA) technology, a computer-based biosolids groundwater risk characterization screening tool (RCST) was developed. The objective of this study was to apply the RCST to characterize the potential human health risks associated with exposure to biosolid pollutants. RCST application to two Virginia biosolids land application sites predicted that pollutant concentrations as large as ten times the current regulatory limit could be safely applied to land with no apparent human health effects associated with groundwater consumption. Only under unrealistically high biosolids application rates and pollutant concentrations were the public health risks associated with groundwater impairment characterized as significant (hazard quotient. 1.0). For example, when the biosolids land application rate was increased to 900 Mg/ha and the pollutant concentrations were increased to ten times the legal limit, the hazard quotient value ranged from 1.27 (zinc) to 248.19 (selenium). C1 [McFarland, Michael J.; Kumarsamy, Karthik] Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Brobst, Robert B.] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Hais, Alan] Water Environm Res Fdn, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA. [Schmitz, Mark D.] Utah Div Water Qual, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA. RP McFarland, MJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1405 Mt Logan Dr, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM farlandm@msn.com FU Water Environment Research Foundation [05-CST-2T] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Water Environment Research Foundation under grant 05-CST-2T. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 EI 1554-7531 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 85 IS 11 BP 2141 EP 2146 DI 10.2175/106143013X13736496909275 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 264GI UT WOS:000327864600001 ER PT J AU Ghio, AJ Tong, HY Soukup, JM Dailey, LA Cheng, WY Samet, JM Kesic, MJ Bromberg, PA Turi, JL Upadhyay, D Budinger, GRS Mutlu, GM AF Ghio, Andrew J. Tong, Haiyan Soukup, Joleen M. Dailey, Lisa A. Cheng, Wan-Yun Samet, James M. Kesic, Matthew J. Bromberg, Philip A. Turi, Jennifer L. Upadhyay, Daya Budinger, G. R. Scott Mutlu, Goekhan M. TI Sequestration of mitochondrial iron by silica particle initiates a biological effect SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE particulate matter; oxidants; inflammation; quartz ID NF-KAPPA-B; ANION-EXCHANGE PROTEIN-2; SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE; P38 MAP KINASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; ORAL KERATINOCYTES AB Inhalation of particulate matter has presented a challenge to human health for thousands of years. The underlying mechanism for biological effect following particle exposure is incompletely understood. We tested the postulate that particle sequestration of cell and mitochondrial iron is a pivotal event mediating oxidant generation and biological effect. In vitro exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells to silica reduced intracellular iron, which resulted in increases in both the importer divalent metal transporter 1 expression and metal uptake. Diminished mitochondrial Fe-57 concentrations following silica exposure confirmed particle sequestration of cell iron. Preincubation of cells with excess ferric ammonium citrate increased cell, nuclear, and mitochondrial metal concentrations and prevented significant iron loss from mitochondria following silica exposure. Cell and mitochondrial oxidant generation increased after silica incubation, but pretreatment with iron diminished this generation of reactive oxygen species. Silica exposure activated MAP kinases (ERK and p38) and altered the expression of transcription factors (nF-kappa B and NF-E2-related factor 2), proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-8 and -6), and apoptotic proteins. All of these changes in indexes of biological effect were either diminished or inhibited by cell pretreatment with iron. Finally, percentage of neutrophils and total protein concentrations in an animal model instilled with silica were decreased by concurrent exposure to iron. We conclude that an initiating event in the response to particulate matter is a sequestration of cell and mitochondrial iron by endocytosed particle. The resultant oxidative stress and biological response after particle exposure are either diminished or inhibited by increasing the cell iron concentration. C1 [Ghio, Andrew J.; Tong, Haiyan; Soukup, Joleen M.; Dailey, Lisa A.; Samet, James M.] US EPA, Environm Publ Hlth Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Cheng, Wan-Yun] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kesic, Matthew J.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bromberg, Philip A.] Methodist Univ, Dept Biol, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Turi, Jennifer L.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Upadhyay, Daya] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Budinger, G. R. Scott; Mutlu, Goekhan M.] Northwestern Univ, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), Human Studies Facil, 104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ghio.andy@epa.gov NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1040-0605 EI 1522-1504 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-LUNG C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 305 IS 10 BP L712 EP L724 DI 10.1152/ajplung.00099.2013 PG 13 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA 257PN UT WOS:000327397600005 PM 23997175 ER PT J AU Felson, AJ Pavao-Zuckerman, M Carter, T Montalto, F Shuster, B Springer, N Stander, EK Starry, O AF Felson, Alexander J. Pavao-Zuckerman, Mitchell Carter, Timothy Montalto, Franco Shuster, Bill Springer, Nikki Stander, Emilie K. Starry, Olyssa TI Mapping the Design Process for Urban Ecology Researchers SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE applied urban ecology; collaboration; interdisciplinary; design process; ecological design ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; EARTH STEWARDSHIP; SCIENCE; LANDSCAPES; NETWORK AB The integration of research into the design process is an opportunity to build ecologically informed urban design solutions. To date, designers have traditionally relied on environmental consultants to provide the best available science; however, serious gaps in our understanding of urban ecosystems remain. To evaluate ecosystem processes and services for sustainable urban design and to further advance our understanding of social-ecological processes within the urban context, we need to integrate primary research into the urban design process. In this article, we develop a road map for such a synthesis. Supporting our proposals by case studies, we identify strategic entry points at which urban ecology researchers can integrate their work into the design process. C1 [Felson, Alexander J.; Springer, Nikki] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Felson, Alexander J.] Yale Univ, Sch Architecture, New Haven, CT USA. [Felson, Alexander J.] Yale Univ, NY CAP, New Haven, CT USA. [Pavao-Zuckerman, Mitchell] Univ Arizonas Biosphere 2, Tucson, AZ USA. [Carter, Timothy] Butler Univ, Ctr Urban Ecol, Indianapolis, IN 46208 USA. [Montalto, Franco] Drexel Univ, Civil Architectural & Environm Engn Dept, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Shuster, Bill] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Stander, Emilie K.] US Agcy Int Dev, Bur Econ Growth Educ & Environm, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Stander, Emilie K.] Edison Environm Ctr, Edison, NJ USA. [Starry, Olyssa] Univ Maryland, Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Felson, AJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM alexander.felson@yale.edu NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 42 PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI PI WASHINGTON PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD NOV PY 2013 VL 63 IS 11 BP 854 EP 865 DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.11.4 PG 12 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 257WE UT WOS:000327417700004 ER PT J AU Mewafy, FM Werkema, DD Atekwana, EA Slater, LD Aal, GA Revil, A Ntarlagiannis, D AF Mewafy, Farag M. Werkema, D. Dale, Jr. Atekwana, Estella A. Slater, Lee D. Aal, Gamal Abdel Revil, Andre Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios TI Evidence that bio-metallic mineral precipitation enhances the complex conductivity response at a hydrocarbon contaminated site SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Complex conductivity; Bio-metallic minerals; Hydrocarbon; Biodegradation; Magnetite ID SPECTRAL-INDUCED POLARIZATION; NATURAL ATTENUATION PROCESSES; OIL-BEARING SANDS; CRUDE-OIL; UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; IRON REDUCTION; GRAVEL AQUIFER; SHALLOW SAND; GEOPHYSICAL SIGNATURES AB The complex conductivity signatures of a hydrocarbon contaminated site, undergoing biodegradation, near Bemidji, Minnesota were investigated. This site is characterized by a biogeochemical process where iron reduction is coupled with the oxidation of hydrocarbon contaminants. The biogeochemical transformations have resulted in precipitation of different bio-metallic iron mineral precipitates such as magnetite, ferroan calcite, and siderite. Our main objective was to elucidate the major factors controlling the complex conductivity response at the site. We acquired laboratory complex conductivity measurements along four cores retrieved from the site in the frequency range between 0.001 and 1000 Hz. Our results show the following: (1) in general higher imaginary conductivity was observed for samples from contaminated locations compared to samples from the uncontaminated location, (2) the imaginary conductivity for samples contaminated with residual and free phase hydrocarbon (smear zone) was higher compared to samples with dissolved phase hydrocarbon, (3) vadose zone samples located above locations with free phase hydrocarbon show higher imaginary conductivity magnitude compared to vadose zone samples from the dissolved phase and uncontaminated locations, (4) the real conductivity was generally elevated for samples from the contaminated locations, but not as diagnostic to the presence of contamination as the imaginary conductivity; (5) for most of the contaminated samples the imaginary conductivity data show a well-defined peak between 0.001 and 0.01 Hz, and (6) sample locations exhibiting higher imaginary conductivity are concomitant with locations having higher magnetic susceptibility. Controlled experiments indicate that variations in electrolytic conductivity and water content across the site are unlikely to fully account for the higher imaginary conductivity observed within the smear zone of contaminated locations. Instead, using magnetite as an example of the bio-metallic minerals in the contaminated location at the site, we observe a clear increase in the imaginary conductivity response with increasing magnetite content. The presence of bio-metallic mineral phases (e.g., magnetite) within the contaminated location associated with hydrocarbon biodegradation may explain the high imaginary conductivity response. Thus, we postulate that the precipitation of bio-metallic minerals at hydrocarbon contaminated sites impacts their complex conductivity signatures and should be considered in the interpretation of complex conductivity data from oil contaminated sites undergoing intrinsic bioremediation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mewafy, Farag M.; Atekwana, Estella A.; Aal, Gamal Abdel] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Werkema, D. Dale, Jr.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Slater, Lee D.; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios] Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Rutgers Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Mewafy, Farag M.; Aal, Gamal Abdel] Assiut Univ, Dept Geol, Fac Sci, Assiut 71515, Egypt. [Revil, Andre] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Revil, Andre] Univ Savoie, ISTerre, UMR CNRS 5275, CNRS, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France. RP Atekwana, EA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM estella.atekwana@okstate.edu FU Enbridge Energy (Ltd.); Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; U.S.G.S. Toxic Waste Substances Program; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development [EP-10-D-000488]; Chevron Energy Technology Company [CW852844] FX This material is partially based on work supported by the Enbridge Energy (Ltd.), the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and the U.S.G.S. Toxic Waste Substances Program. We thank W. Herkalrath, F. Day-Lewis, J. Lane, M. Erickson, and J. Trost (U.S.G.S.), J. Heenan and C. Zhang (Rutgers-Newark) for valuable field support. The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under EP-10-D-000488. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. The authors acknowledge funding from Chevron Energy Technology Company (Grant # CW852844). This is the Boone Pickens School of Geology publication contribution # 2013-4. NR 67 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9851 EI 1879-1859 J9 J APPL GEOPHYS JI J. Appl. Geophys. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 98 BP 113 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2013.08.011 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 257CZ UT WOS:000327362500012 ER PT J AU Wardell, JR Hodgkinson, KM Binder, AK Seymour, KA Korach, KS Vanderhyden, BC Freiman, RN AF Wardell, Jennifer R. Hodgkinson, Kendra M. Binder, April K. Seymour, Kimberly A. Korach, Kenneth S. Vanderhyden, Barbara C. Freiman, Richard N. TI Estrogen Responsiveness of the TFIID Subunit TAF4B in the Normal Mouse Ovary and in Ovarian Tumors SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE estradiol/estradiol receptor; ovarian cancer; ovary; premature ovarian failure; TAF4B ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR-BETA; TARGET GENES; IN-VIVO; RISK-FACTORS; CELL-GROWTH; CANCER; ALPHA AB Estrogen signaling in the ovary is a fundamental component of normal ovarian function, and evidence also indicates that excessive estrogen is a risk factor for ovarian cancer. We have previously demonstrated that the gonadally enriched TFIID subunit TAF4B, a paralog of the general transcription factor TAF4A, is required for fertility in mice and for the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells following hormonal stimulation. However, the relationship between TAF4B and estrogen signaling in the normal ovary or during ovarian tumor initiation and progression has yet to be defined. Herein, we show that Taf4b mRNA and TAF4B protein, but not Taf4a mRNA or TAF4A protein, are increased in whole ovaries and granulosa cells of the ovary after exposure to 17beta-estradiol or the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol and that this response occurs within hours after stimulation. Furthermore, this increase occurs via nuclear estrogen receptors both in vivo and in a mouse granulosa cancer cell line, NT-1. We observe a significant increase in Taf4b mRNA in estrogen-supplemented mouse ovarian tumors, which correlates with diminished survival of these mice. These data highlight the novel response of the general transcription factor TAF4B to estrogen in the normal ovary and during ovarian tumor progression in the mouse, suggesting its potential role in regulating actions downstream of estrogen stimulation. C1 [Wardell, Jennifer R.; Freiman, Richard N.] Brown Univ, Pathobiol Grad Program, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Seymour, Kimberly A.; Freiman, Richard N.] Brown Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol & Biochem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Hodgkinson, Kendra M.; Vanderhyden, Barbara C.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Hodgkinson, Kendra M.; Vanderhyden, Barbara C.] Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Ctr Canc Therapeut, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Binder, April K.; Korach, Kenneth S.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Freiman, RN (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol & Biochem, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM Richard_Freiman@Brown.edu OI Korach, Kenneth/0000-0002-7765-418X FU American Cancer Society Research Scholar [DMC-117629]; National Institutes of Health [R01 HD065445]; National Institutes of Health Center of Biomedical Research Excellence Center for Cancer Signaling Networks [RR031153]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research [MOP-111194]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program [Z01ES70065] FX Supported by American Cancer Society Research Scholar Grant DMC-117629 to R.N.F.; by National Institutes of Health grant R01 HD065445 to R.N.F.; by National Institutes of Health Center of Biomedical Research Excellence Center for Cancer Signaling Networks grant RR031153 to R.N.F.; by Canadian Institutes of Health Research Grant MOP-111194 to B. C. V.; and by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health Intramural Research Program grant Z01ES70065 to K. S. K. Presented in part at a poster session during the 45th Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction and the 18th Ovarian Workshop, August 12-15, 2012, State College, Pennsylvania, and during the 46th Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Reproduction, July 22-26, 2013, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 EI 1529-7268 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 89 IS 5 AR 116 DI 10.1095/biolreprod.113.111336 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 254CF UT WOS:000327139300010 PM 24068106 ER PT J AU Heintzelman, MD Walsh, PJ Grzeskowiak, DJ AF Heintzelman, Martin D. Walsh, Patrick J. Grzeskowiak, Dustin J. TI Explaining the appearance and success of open space referenda SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Spatial econometrics; Survival analysis; Open space; Referenda ID ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS; SPATIAL DEPENDENCE; REGRESSION-MODELS; SAMPLE SELECTION; CONSERVATION; SURVIVAL; DEMAND; SPECIFICATION; PREFERENCE; SUPPORT AB Many communities in the United States have begun enacting policies to preserve open space, often through local voter referenda. New Jersey sponsors such municipal action through the Green Acres Program by providing funding and low interest loans to towns that choose to increase property taxes and spend the money raised on open space preservation for the purposes of conservation and/or recreation. This paper endeavors to understand which factors contribute to the appearance and success of these measures. Although previous literature has examined this issue, this is the first study to account for spatial dependence/spatial autocorrelation and to explore dynamic issues through survival analysis. The traditional two stage model from the literature is extended by incorporating a Bayesian spatial probit for the first stage and a maximum-likelihood spatial error model in the second stage. A Cox-proportional hazard model is used to examine the timing of referenda appearance. Spatial dependence is found in the second stage of the analysis, indicating that future studies should account for its influence. There is no strong evidence for spatial dependence or correlation in the first stage. The survival model is found to be a useful complement to the traditional probit analysis of the first stage. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Heintzelman, Martin D.] Clarkson Univ, Sch Business, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Walsh, Patrick J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Grzeskowiak, Dustin J.] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. RP Heintzelman, MD (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Sch Business, 10 Clarkson Ave,POB 5790, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. EM mheintze@clarkson.edu; Walsh.Patrick@epa.gov; d.j.grzeskowiak@gmail.com NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 95 BP 108 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.08.001 PG 10 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA 249KM UT WOS:000326776100011 ER PT J AU Christensen, KLY AF Christensen, Krista L. Yorita TI Metals in blood and urine, and thyroid function among adults in the United States 2007-2008 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Metals; Thyroid; NHANES ID ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HORMONE LEVELS; HEAVY-METALS; POPULATION; PERCHLORATE; POLLUTANTS; HEALTH; WOMEN AB The thyroid is integral to regulation of development and metabolism. Certain metals have been shown to affect thyroid function in occupationally exposed persons, but few studies have been conducted in the general population. This study evaluates the association between biomarkers of metal exposure and thyroid hormones in the US population. Analyses included adults participating in the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, with no history of thyroid disease or use of thyroid medications, and with data on metals in blood (lead, cadmium and mercury) and urine (lead, cadmium, mercury, barium, cobalt, cesium, molybdenum, antimony, thallium, tungsten and uranium), and thyroid hormones (TSH, free and total T-3 and T-4) in serum (N=1587). Multivariate linear regression was used to model the association between thyroid hormone levels, and metals in either urine (creatinine-adjusted) or blood. Metal concentrations were considered as both continuous and categorical variables. Models were adjusted for: age, sex, race, BMI, serum lipids, serum cotinine, pregnancy and menopausal status, and use of selected medications. Few participants (<5%) had free T-3, free T-4, or TSH levels outside the reference range. However, 9.2% (SE = 1.2%) had low T-3 and 9.4% (SE = 1.1%) had low T-4. Metals were detected in nearly all blood and urine samples, with the highest levels seen for urinary molybdenum (median 42.5 mu g/L). When including all blood metals, mercury was associated with decreases in T-3 and T-4, while cadmium was associated with decreased TSH. Urinary cadmium was associated with increases in both T-3 and T-4 (models including all metals measured in urine). Urinary thallium and barium were associated with decreased T-4 (both) and T-3 (barium). For TSH, cesium was associated with decreased, and tungsten with increased levels. Given the high prevalence of exposure to metals, associations of the size reported here could indicate an appreciable contribution of metals exposure to the prevalence of thyroid disorders. These findings indicate the importance of further research to further examine these relationships. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Christensen, Krista L. Yorita] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Christensen, KLY (reprint author), Mailstop 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Christensen.Krista@epa.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 216 IS 6 BP 624 EP 632 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.08.005 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 250MT UT WOS:000326857600002 ER PT J AU Koch, HM Lorber, M Christensen, KLY Palmke, C Koslitz, S Bruning, T AF Koch, Holger M. Lorber, Matthew Christensen, Krista L. Y. Paelmke, Claudia Koslitz, Stephan Bruening, Thomas TI Identifying sources of phthalate exposure with human biomonitoring: Results of a 48 h fasting study with urine collection and personal activity patterns SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Phthalates; Sources; Dietary and non-dietary exposure; Biomonitoring; Urinary metabolites ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PREGNANT-WOMEN; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; DEHP METABOLITES; CARE PRODUCTS; BISPHENOL-A; ESTERS; QUANTIFICATION; SECONDARY; SAMPLES AB Human biomonitoring studies measuring phthalate metabolites in urine have shown widespread exposure to phthalates in the general population. Diet is thought to be a principle route of exposure to many phthalates. Therefore, we studied urinary phthalate metabolite patterns over a period of strict fasting and additionally recorded personal activity patterns with a diary to investigate non-dietary routes of exposure. Five individuals (3 female, 2 male, 27-47 years of age) fasted on glass-bottled water only over a 48-h period. All urine void events were captured in full, and measured for metabolites of the high molecular weight (HMW) di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) and di-isodecyl phthalate (DiDP), and the low molecular weight (LMW) di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP). In all, 21 metabolites were measured in a total of 118 urine events, including events before and after the fasting period. At the onset of the study all phthalate metabolite concentrations were consistent with levels found in previous general population studies. Metabolites of the HMW phthalates (DEHP, DiNP and DiDP) showed a rapid decline to levels 5-10 times lower than initial levels within 24 h of the fast and remained low thereafter. After food consumption resumed, levels rose again. By contrast, metabolites of the LMW phthalates including DMP, DEP, BBzP, DnBP and DiBP showed a cyclical pattern of rising and declining concentrations suggestive of ongoing non-food exposures. Furthermore, metabolites of most of the LMW phthalates (BBzP, DnBP and DiBP) tracked each other remarkably well, suggesting concurrent exposures. Diary entries could not help explain exposure sources for these phthalates, with one exception: rises in MEP concentrations around males' showers suggest personal care products as a major source of DEP. Exposure to HMW phthalates in this cohort appears to be driven by dietary intake, while non-dietary routes such as use of personal care products and ubiquitous sources including dust and indoor air appear to explain exposure to LMW phthalates. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Koch, Holger M.; Paelmke, Claudia; Koslitz, Stephan; Bruening, Thomas] Inst Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, German Social Accid Insurance, D-44789 Bochum, Germany. [Lorber, Matthew; Christensen, Krista L. Y.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Koch, HM (reprint author), Inst Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, German Social Accid Insurance, Burkle de la Camp Pl 1, D-44789 Bochum, Germany. EM koch@ipa-dguv.de RI Koslitz, Stephan/C-4221-2012; Koch, Holger/B-3277-2011; Bruning, Thomas/G-8120-2015 OI Koslitz, Stephan/0000-0003-3378-6241; Koch, Holger/0000-0002-8328-2837; Bruning, Thomas/0000-0001-9560-5464 NR 38 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 216 IS 6 BP 672 EP 681 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.12.002 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 250MT UT WOS:000326857600008 PM 23333758 ER PT J AU Christensen, KLY Carrico, CK Sanyal, AJ Gennings, C AF Christensen, Krista L. Yorita Carrico, Caroline K. Sanyal, Arun J. Gennings, Chris TI Multiple classes of environmental chemicals are associated with liver disease: NHANES 2003-2004 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; ALT; Liver; Mixtures; Cumulative ID NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; UNITED-STATES; MERCURY; LEAD; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; FOOD AB Biomonitoring studies show that humans carry a body burden of multiple classes of contaminants which are not often studied together. Many of these chemicals may be hepatotoxic. We used the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to evaluate the relationship between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and 37 environmental contaminants, comprising heavy metals, non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dioxin-like compounds, using a novel method. Linear regression models were constructed for each chemical separately, then as a class, using quartiles to represent exposure and adjusting for age, sex, race, income, and BMI. We then used an optimization approach to compile a weighted sum of the quartile scores, both within and across chemical classes. Using the optimization approach to construct weighted quartile scores, the dioxin like PCB, the non-dioxin like PCB and metal class-level scores were significantly associated with elevated ALT. A significant interaction was detected between the class-level score for metals, and the score for non-dioxin-like PCBs. When including all chemicals in one model, 3 chemicals accounted for 78% of the weight (mercury, PCB 180, 3,3',4,4',5-PNCB) with the remaining 22% associated with 4 chemicals (a dioxin and 3 PCBs). Validation with a holdout dataset indicated that the weighted quartile sum estimator efficiently identifies reproducible significant associations. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Christensen, Krista L. Yorita] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Carrico, Caroline K.; Gennings, Chris] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. [Sanyal, Arun J.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Internal Med, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Christensen, KLY (reprint author), US EPA, Mailstop 8623P,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM Christensen.Krista@epa.gov FU [R01ES015276]; [T32ES007334]; [UL1TR000058] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from #R01ES015276, #T32ES007334, and #UL1TR000058. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 216 IS 6 BP 703 EP 709 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.01.005 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 250MT UT WOS:000326857600012 ER PT J AU Kushman, ME Kraft, AD Guyton, KZ Chiu, WA Makris, SL Rusyn, I AF Kushman, Mary E. Kraft, Andrew D. Guyton, Kathryn Z. Chiu, Weihsueh A. Makris, Susan L. Rusyn, Ivan TI A systematic approach for identifying and presenting mechanistic evidence in human health assessments SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Systematic review; Mechanistic evidence; Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate; Hazard assessment ID JUNCTIONAL INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHA; DI-2-ETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; HUMAN RELEVANCE; DNA-SYNTHESIS; LIVER; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE; DEHP; GAP AB Clear documentation of literature search and presentation methodologies can improve transparency in chemical hazard assessments. We sought to improve clarity for the scientific support for cancer mechanisms of action using a systematic approach to literature retrieval, selection, and presentation of studies. The general question was "What are the mechanisms by which a chemical may cause carcinogenicity in the target tissue?". Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate was used as a case study chemical with a complex database of >3000 publications. Relevant mechanistic events were identified from published reviews. The PubMed search strategy included relevant synonyms and wildcards for DEHP and its metabolites, mechanistic events, and species of interest. Tiered exclusion/inclusion criteria for study pertinence were defined, and applied to the retrieved literature. Manual curation was conducted for mechanistic events with large literature databases. Literature trees documented identification and selection of the literature evidence. The selected studies were summarized in evidence tables accompanied by succinct narratives. Primary publications were deposited into the Health and Environmental Research Online (http://hero.epa.gov/) database and identified by pertinence criteria and key terms to permit organized retrieval. This approach contributes to human health assessment by effectively managing a large volume of literature, improving transparency, and facilitating subsequent synthesis of information across studies. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kushman, Mary E.; Rusyn, Ivan] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kraft, Andrew D.; Guyton, Kathryn Z.; Chiu, Weihsueh A.; Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Rusyn, I (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM iir@unc.edu RI Rusyn, Ivan/S-2426-2016 FU US Environmental Protection Agency; National Institutes of Health [P42 ES005948]; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowships FX We thank Dr. Babasaheb Sonawane for management support of this work. Mary Kushman and Ivan Rusyn were supported, in part, by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowships made available through funding from the US Environmental Protection Agency. This work was also supported, in part, by the National Institutes of Health Grant P42 ES005948. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 67 IS 2 BP 266 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.08.005 PG 12 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 246SI UT WOS:000326559000017 PM 23959061 ER PT J AU Parvez, S Evans, AM Lorber, M Hawkins, BS Swartout, JC Teuschler, LK Rice, GE AF Parvez, Shahid Evans, Amanda M. Lorber, Matthew Hawkins, Belinda S. Swartout, Jeffery C. Teuschler, Linda K. Rice, Glenn E. TI A sensitivity analysis using alternative toxic equivalency factors to estimate US dietary exposures to dioxin-like compounds SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dioxin-like compounds (DLCs); Toxic equivalency factor (TEF); Toxic equivalency (TEQ); 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD); Dietary intake; Relative estimates of potency (REP); Sensitivity analysis; Dose addition AB EPA recommends sensitivity analyses when applying the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) method to evaluate exposures to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). Applying the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2005 TEF values and estimating average U.S. daily dietary intakes of 25 DLCs from eight food categories, we estimate a toxic equivalency (TEQ) intake of 23 pg/day. Among DLCs, PCB 126(26%) and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD (23%) dominate TEQ intakes. Among food categories, milk (14%), other dairy (28%), beef (25%), and seafood (18%) most influenced TEQ intakes. We develop two approaches to estimate alternative TEF values. Based on WHO's assumption regarding TEF uncertainty, Approach1 estimates upper and lower TEFs for each DLC by multiplying and dividing, respectively, its individual TEF by +/- half a log. Based on compiled empirical ranges of relative potency estimates, Approach2 uses percentile values for individual TEFs. Total TEQ intake estimates using the lower and upper TEFs based on Approach1 were 8 and 68 pg TEQ/day, respectively. The 25th and 75th percentile TEFs from Approach2 yielded 12 and 28 pg TEQ/day, respectively. The influential DLCs and food categories remained consistent across alternative TEFs, except at the 90th percentile using Approach2. We highlight the need for developing underlying TEF probability distributions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Parvez, Shahid; Evans, Amanda M.] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Hawkins, Belinda S.; Swartout, Jeffery C.; Teuschler, Linda K.; Rice, Glenn E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Rice, GE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr MS-A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM rice.glenn@epa.gov NR 11 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 67 IS 2 BP 278 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.08.007 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 246SI UT WOS:000326559000018 PM 23973911 ER PT J AU Lee, WH Wahman, DG Pressman, JG AF Lee, Woo Hyoung Wahman, David G. Pressman, Jonathan G. TI Amperometric carbon fiber nitrite microsensor for in situ biofilm monitoring SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Carbon fiber; In situ monitoring; Microsensor; Nitrification; Nitrite ID ELECTROCHEMICAL DETERMINATION; NITRIFYING BIOFILMS; ELECTRODE; MICROELECTRODE; OXIDATION; NITRATE; SURFACE; ION; VOLTAMMETRY; REDUCTION AB A highly selective needle type solid state amperometric nitrite microsensor based on direct nitrite oxidation on carbon fiber was developed using a simplified fabrication method. The microsensor's tip diameter was approximately 7 mu m (14 mu m spatial resolution). At an applied potential of +1.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl, the microsensor exhibited a linear nitrite response from 0 to 25 mg N L-1, a 0.02 mg N L-1(1.3 mu M) limit of detection, and a fast response (<5 s). There was minimal interference with less than 3% of electrode response changes from major chemicals of interest in drinking water and wastewater systems [oxygen, ammonium, monochloramine, nitrate, sodium bicarbonate (alkalinity), chloride, sulfate, and acetate]. Hydrogen ion (pH) affected nitrite measurement by shifting the baseline response, translating into an approximate change of 0.24 mg N L-1 nitrite per 1 pH unit change. Depending on the conditions (e. g., pH, alkalinity, nitrite concentration), pH may need to be taken into account during nitrite measurement. The developed carbon fiber nitrite microsensor successfully measured nitrite in a nitrifying biofilm and is applicable for in situ analysis in other micro-environments (e. g., microbial mats and sediments). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lee, Woo Hyoung] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Wahman, David G.; Pressman, Jonathan G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Pressman, JG (reprint author), US EPA, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM Pressman.Jonathan@epa.gov OI Wahman, David/0000-0002-0167-8468 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development FX The authors thank William R. Heineman in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cincinnati for use of the BAS 100B electrochemical analyzer and R. Mark Wightman in the Department of Chemistry and Neuroscience Center and Curriculum in Neurobiology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for sharing lab experience on carbon fiber microelectrode fabrication. The United States Environmental Protection Agency, through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the research described herein. It has been subjected to the Agency's peer and administrative review and has been approved for external publication. Any opinions expressed are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, therefore, no official endorsement should be inferred. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 188 BP 1263 EP 1269 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2013.08.058 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 243VE UT WOS:000326345600170 ER PT J AU Connors, KA Du, BW Fitzsimmons, PN Chambliss, CK Nichols, JW Brooks, BW AF Connors, Kristin A. Du, Bowen Fitzsimmons, Patrick N. Chambliss, C. Kevin Nichols, John W. Brooks, Bryan W. TI Enantiomer-Specific In Vitro Biotransformation of Select Pharmaceuticals in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SO CHIRALITY LA English DT Article DE environmental risk assessment; bioaccumulation; contaminants of emerging concern; comparative pharmacokinetics; metabolic biotransformation ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOWS; FISH; ENVIRONMENT; METABOLISM; TOXICITY; MODEL; PHARMACOKINETICS AB The occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment represents a challenge of emerging concern. Many pharmaceuticals are chiral compounds; however, few studies have examined the relative toxicity of pharmaceutical enantiomers to wildlife. Further, our understanding of stereospecific pharmacokinetics remains largely informed by research on humans and a few well-studied laboratory test animals, and not by studies conducted with environmentally relevant species, including fish. The objective of this study was to investigate whether rainbow trout display stereospecific in vitro metabolism of three common chiral pharmaceuticals. Metabolism by trout liver S9 fractions was evaluated using a substrate depletion approach, which provides an estimate of intrinsic hepatic clearance (CLIN VITRO,INT). No biotransformation was observed for rac-, R-, or S-fluoxetine. Ibuprofen, including both enantiomers and the racemic mixture, appeared to undergo slow metabolism, but the resulting substrate depletion curves did not differ significantly from those of inactive controls. Contrary to relative clearance rates in humans, S(-)-propranolol was more rapidly cleared than the R(+)- enantiomer. This work demonstrates that relative clearance rates and the effects of racemic mixtures in trout could not have been predicted based on human data. Additional research describing species differences and exploring tools for species extrapolation in biomedical and environmental studies is needed. Chirality 25:763-767, 2013, (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Connors, Kristin A.; Du, Bowen; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Connors, Kristin A.; Du, Bowen; Chambliss, C. Kevin; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Ctr Reservoir & Aquat Syst Res, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Connors, Kristin A.; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Du, Bowen; Chambliss, C. Kevin; Brooks, Bryan W.] Baylor Univ, Inst Ecol Earth & Environm Sci, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Fitzsimmons, Patrick N.; Nichols, John W.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA. [Chambliss, C. Kevin] Baylor Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Connors, KA (reprint author), 1 Bear Pl 97266, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM Kristin_Connors@baylor.edu RI Guenat, Heather/H-6528-2014; Brooks, Bryan/B-2612-2010; OI Brooks, Bryan/0000-0002-6277-9852; Chambliss, Kevin/0000-0003-3888-6890; Connors, Kristin/0000-0002-4887-8408 FU Glasscock Fund for Excellence in Environmental Science grants; Texas Sea Grant / National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration grant FX This research was primarily supported by Glasscock Fund for Excellence in Environmental Science grants to KAC and BD, with additional support provided from a Texas Sea Grant / National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration grant to BWB and CKC. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-0042 EI 1520-636X J9 CHIRALITY JI Chirality PD NOV PY 2013 VL 25 IS 11 BP 763 EP 767 DI 10.1002/chir.22211 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Organic; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 243BP UT WOS:000326291700013 PM 23893772 ER PT J AU Hammond, B Kough, J Herouet-Guicheney, C Jez, JM AF Hammond, Bruce Kough, John Herouet-Guicheney, Corinne Jez, Joseph M. CA ILSI Int Food Biotechnology Comm T TI Toxicological evaluation of proteins introduced into food crops SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Food processing; food safety; genetically modified crops; history of safe use; threshold of toxicological concern ID BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE; THURINGIENSIS DELTA-ENDOTOXINS; INSECTICIDAL CRYSTAL PROTEIN; ENGINEERED BREEDING STACKS; GENETICALLY-MODIFIED CROPS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; SAFETY ASSESSMENT; ORAL DELIVERY; AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES AB This manuscript focuses on the toxicological evaluation of proteins introduced into GM crops to impart desired traits. In many cases, introduced proteins can be shown to have a history of safe use. Where modifications have been made to proteins, experience has shown that it is highly unlikely that modification of amino acid sequences can make a non-toxic protein toxic. Moreover, if the modified protein still retains its biological function, and this function is found in related proteins that have a history of safe use (HOSU) in food, and the exposure level is similar to functionally related proteins, then the modified protein could also be considered to be "as-safe-as" those that have a HOSU. Within nature, there can be considerable evolutionary changes in the amino acid sequence of proteins within the same family, yet these proteins share the same biological function. In general, food crops such as maize, soy, rice, canola etc. are subjected to a variety of processing conditions to generate different food products. Processing conditions such as cooking, modification of pH conditions, and mechanical shearing can often denature proteins in these crops resulting in a loss of functional activity. These same processing conditions can also markedly lower human dietary exposure to (functionally active) proteins. Safety testing of an introduced protein could be indicated if its biological function was not adequately characterized and/or it was shown to be structurally/functionally related to proteins that are known to be toxic to mammals. C1 [Hammond, Bruce] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO USA. [Kough, John] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Microbial Pesticides Branch, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Herouet-Guicheney, Corinne] Bayer SAS, Bayer CropSci, Sophia Antipolis, France. [Jez, Joseph M.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. RP Hammond, B (reprint author), ILSI Int Food Biotechnol Comm, 1156 15th St,NW, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM ifbic@ilsi.org RI bartholomaeus, andrew/F-4417-2014 OI bartholomaeus, andrew/0000-0002-9095-8460 FU ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee: BASF Corporation; ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee: Bayer CropScience; ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee: Dow AgroSciences; ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee: Monsanto Company; ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee: Pioneer Hi-Bred, a DuPont business; ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee: Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc. FX The employment affiliation of the authors is shown on the cover page. The paper was prepared during the normal course of the authors' employment. B. Hammond was employed at the time of authorship by Monsanto Company, a sustainable agriculture company that does research on and markets genetically engineered crops. J.M. Jez participated in the Task Force as an employee of his academic institution, and received an honorarium in recognition of that participation. J. Kough is employed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency; the contents of this paper reflect the thoughts and opinions of the author and do not represent an official policy statement of the United States Environmental Protection Agency or other Federal government agencies. Any mention of a product does not constitute an endorsement by the United States Federal government. C. Herouet-Guicheney is employed by Bayer SAS, a company that does research on and markets genetically engineered crops. Preparation of this manuscript was financially supported by members of the ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee: BASF Corporation; Bayer CropScience; Dow AgroSciences; Monsanto Company; Pioneer Hi-Bred, a DuPont business; and Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc. This paper has been reviewed by individuals internationally recognized for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. However, it must be emphasized that the content of this document is the authors' responsibility and not the reviewers', and it does not represent an endorsement by the reviewers' institutions. While the authors carefully considered the views and comments of the various reviewers and the sponsors, the final analyses, interpretations and conclusions drawn are exclusively those of the authors. NR 136 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 45 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 EI 1547-6898 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 43 SU 2 BP 25 EP 42 DI 10.3109/10408444.2013.842956 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 244HP UT WOS:000326378800002 PM 24164515 ER PT J AU Zeng, XS Lu, HF Campbell, DE Ren, H AF Zeng, Xianshu Lu, Hongfang Campbell, Daniel E. Ren, Hai TI Integrated emergy and economic evaluation of tea production chains in Anxi, China SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Tea production; Emergy synthesis; Economic analysis; Sustainable development; Statistical analysis ID SYSTEMS; BRAZIL; SUSTAINABILITY; INFORMATION; ALGEBRA; INDEXES; FARMS; FISH AB Emergy and economic methods were used to evaluate and compare tea production systems in Anxi, China. Tea production was classified into three phases, i.e., the nursery, the plantation and tea processing, and each phase was evaluated. The results showed that the nursery subsystems were profitable with an economic output/input ratio of 2.86. However, the inclusion of a nursery had no significant influence on the sustainability of the tea plantation system, because it was a small part of the total input to the system. Applying organic fertilizer to replace 66% of the chemical fertilizer decreased the pressure of chemical loading on the environment, and as a result the cultivation phase's emergy sustainability index (ESI) increased 2.10 times. However, due to the relatively high price of organic fertilizer and the labor to spread it, the economic output/input ratio (1.61) of the mixed organic and chemical fertilizer mode was less than that of the chemical fertilizer mode (1.80). If all the tea leaves used in the processing phase were produced on the farm, instead of purchased from outside, about 30% of the economic cost of processing could be saved, and as a result the economic output/input ratio would increase by 41%; the ESI would increase 5.48 times and the emergy index for sustainable development (EISD) would increase 11.05 times. The overuse of chemical fertilizer and low productivity of labor are key problems that need to be solved for further optimization of the Anxi tea plantation systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zeng, Xianshu; Lu, Hongfang; Ren, Hai] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zeng, Xianshu] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Campbell, Daniel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA. RP Lu, HF (reprint author), 723 Xing Ke Rd, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM luhf@scbg.ac.cn; renhai@scbg.ac.cn FU Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31070483, 31170428]; Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-EW-J-28]; Project of Science & Technology Plan of Guangdong Province [2011B060400003] FX This study is supported by Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070483 and 31170428), the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-J-28), and the Project of Science & Technology Plan of Guangdong Province (2011B060400003). We thank the two anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments and suggestions for revising the manuscript. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 60 BP 354 EP 362 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.004 PG 9 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA 242KL UT WOS:000326239700046 ER PT J AU Christensen, JR Nash, MS Neale, A AF Christensen, Jay R. Nash, Maliha S. Neale, Anne TI Identifying Riparian Buffer Effects on Stream Nitrogen in Southeastern Coastal Plain Watersheds SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Agricultural drainage; Agricultural headwaters; Flow-path analyses; Riparian buffer metrics; Total nitrogen ID ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS; SHALLOW GROUND-WATER; HEADWATER STREAMS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS; LANDSCAPE INFLUENCES; EUTROPHIC ESTUARY; QUALITY FUNCTIONS; WASTE APPLICATION AB Within the Southeastern (SE) Coastal Plain of the U.S., numerous freshwaters and estuaries experience eutrophication with significant nutrient contributions by agricultural non-point sources (NPS). Riparian buffers are often used to reduce agricultural NPS yet the effect of buffers in the watershed is difficult to quantify. Using corrected Akaike information criterion (AIC(c)) and model averaging, we compared flow-path riparian buffer models with land use/land cover (LULC) models in 24 watersheds from the SE Coastal Plain to determine the ability of riparian buffers to reduce or mitigate stream total nitrogen concentrations (TNC). Additional models considered the relative importance of headwaters and artificial agricultural drainage in the Coastal Plain. A buffer model which included cropland and non-buffered cropland best explained stream TNC (R (2) = 0.75) and was five times more likely to be the correct model than the LULC model. The model average predicted that current buffers removed 52 % of nitrogen from the edge-of-field and 45 % of potential nitrogen from the average SE Coastal Plain watershed. On average, 26 % of stream nitrogen leaked through buffered cropland. Our study suggests that stream TNC could potentially be reduced by 34 % if buffers were adequately restored on all cropland. Such estimates provide realistic expectations of nitrogen removal via buffers to watershed managers as they attempt to meet water quality goals. In addition, model comparisons of AIC(c) values indicated that non-headwater buffers may contribute little to stream TNC. Model comparisons also indicated that artificial drainage should be considered when accessing buffers and stream nitrogen. C1 [Christensen, Jay R.; Nash, Maliha S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Neale, Anne] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Christensen, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. EM christensen.jay@epa.gov RI feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012 OI feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368 FU US Environmental Protection Agency FX The authors greatly appreciate the data and assistance provided by Anne Hoos and others within the USGS Southeast SPARROW project. We thank Robin Dennis for CMAQ data and his input and Michael Jackson, Caroline Erikson, and Donald Ebert for advice and help with GIS work. We thank Megan Mehaffey, Matthew Baker, anonymous reviewers, and editors for their thoughtful comments on previous drafts. This project was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it may not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. NR 95 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 55 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 52 IS 5 BP 1161 EP 1176 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0151-4 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 242ME UT WOS:000326245300010 PM 23989318 ER PT J AU Fritz, KM Wenerick, WR Kostich, MS AF Fritz, Ken M. Wenerick, William R. Kostich, Mitch S. TI A Validation Study of a Rapid Field-Based Rating System for Discriminating Among Flow Permanence Classes of Headwater Streams in South Carolina SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Headwater streams; Ephemeral; Intermittent; Perennial; Flow permanence; Stream classification ID MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; AQUATIC INSECTS; OLD-GROWTH; TEMPORARY; INTERMITTENT; COMMUNITIES; CALIFORNIA; PATTERNS; CHANNELS; OREGON AB Rapid field-based protocols for classifying flow permanence of headwater streams are needed to inform timely regulatory decisions. Such an existing method was developed for and has been used in North Carolina since 1998. The method uses ordinal scoring of 26 geomorphology, hydrology, and biology attributes of streams. The attribute scores are summed and compared to threshold scores to assign a flow permanence class. Our study objective was to evaluate the method's ability to classify the flow permanence of forested stream reaches from Piedmont and Southeastern Plains ecoregions in South Carolina. Ephemeral reaches scored significantly lower than intermittent and perennial reaches, but scores from intermittent and perennial reaches did not differ. Scores collected in the dry and wet seasons were strongly correlated, indicating that the method was seasonally stable. Scores had positive nonlinear relationships with the maximum recorded wet duration and the proportion of the record that reaches were wet, but were not related to drying frequency. Scores of the presence of baseflow in the dry season were more important in flow permanence classification than those from the wet season. Other important attributes and parameters in discriminating flow classes were macrobenthos, rooted upland plants, bankfull width, drainage area, and ecoregion. Although the North Carolina method did not consistently differentiate intermittent from perennial reaches, the indicator-based approach is a strong foundation from which to build a protocol for South Carolina. Adding measures like bankfull width and drainage area, weighting by ecoregion, or shifting thresholds may be warranted modifications for South Carolina. C1 [Fritz, Ken M.; Kostich, Mitch S.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Wenerick, William R.] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Bur Water, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. RP Fritz, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM fritz.ken@epa.gov FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 FX This study would not have been possible without funding from a Wetland Program Development Grant provided by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 4 and the assistance and technical expertise of John Dorney, Periann Russell, Larry Eaton, James Gregory, Mark Giffin, Chris Beckham, Chris Stout, Harvey Daniel, Jeannie Eidson, Guy Sabin, Bill Hansen, Kevin MacLeod and many others too numerous to recognize individually. We thank them all. Thanks also to three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. Although this work was reviewed by EPA and approved for publication, it might not necessarily reflect official Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 52 IS 5 BP 1286 EP 1298 DI 10.1007/s00267-013-0158-x PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 242ME UT WOS:000326245300020 PM 24000112 ER PT J AU Grimm, NB Chapin, FS Bierwagen, B Gonzalez, P Groffman, PM Luo, YQ Melton, F Nadelhoffer, K Pairis, A Raymond, PA Schimel, J Williamson, CE AF Grimm, Nancy B. Chapin, F. Stuart, III Bierwagen, Britta Gonzalez, Patrick Groffman, Peter M. Luo, Yiqi Melton, Forrest Nadelhoffer, Knute Pairis, Amber Raymond, Peter A. Schimel, Josh Williamson, Craig E. TI The impacts of climate change on ecosystem structure and function SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article ID NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATE STEPPE; COLORADO RIVER; GLOBAL-CHANGE; VEGETATION; RADIATION; INCREASE; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM AB Recent climate-change research largely confirms the impacts on US ecosystems identified in the 2009 National Climate Assessment and provides greater mechanistic understanding and geographic specificity for those impacts. Pervasive climate-change impacts on ecosystems are those that affect productivity of ecosystems or their ability to process chemical elements. Loss of sea ice, rapid warming, and higher organic inputs affect marine and lake productivity, while combined impacts of wildfire and insect outbreaks decrease forest productivity, mostly in the arid and semi-arid West. Forests in wetter regions are more productive owing to warming. Shifts in species ranges are so extensive that by 2100 they may alter biome composition across 5-20% of US land area. Accelerated losses of nutrients from terrestrial ecosystems to receiving waters are caused by both winter warming and intensification of the hydrologic cycle. Ecosystem feedbacks, especially those associated with release of carbon dioxide and methane release from wetlands and thawing permafrost soils, magnify the rate of climate change. C1 [Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Chapin, F. Stuart, III] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Bierwagen, Britta] US EPA, Global Change Impacts & Assessment Grp, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Gonzalez, Patrick] Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resource Stewardship & Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Groffman, Peter M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Luo, Yiqi] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Melton, Forrest] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Cooperat Res Earth Sci & Technol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Nadelhoffer, Knute] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pairis, Amber] Calif Dept Fish & Game, San Diego, CA USA. [Raymond, Peter A.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Schimel, Josh] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Williamson, Craig E.] Miami Univ, Dept Zool, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. RP Grimm, NB (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM nbgrimm@asu.edu RI Raymond, Peter/C-4087-2009; Gonzalez, Patrick/B-9479-2013; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; OI Raymond, Peter/0000-0002-8564-7860; Gonzalez, Patrick/0000-0002-7105-0561; Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Chapin III, F Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910 FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; US Geological Survey; NASA FX This work resulted from an assessment workshop held in 2012. We thank the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, which provided a venue for the workshop and funding for this publication; the US Geological Survey, which provided funding for the workshop, the BEES report, and this issue; and NASA for helping fund this publication. We also thank M Bernstein, who contributed to the writing of the technical report upon which this paper is based. This paper was partially based on work performed while NBG and BB were working at the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), respectively. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF or the EPA. NR 59 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 17 U2 252 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1540-9295 EI 1540-9309 J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON JI Front. Ecol. Environ. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 11 IS 9 BP 474 EP 482 DI 10.1890/120282 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 244CE UT WOS:000326363900004 ER PT J AU Khera, R Ransom, P Speth, TF AF Khera, Rajiv Ransom, Pat Speth, Thomas F. TI Using work breakdown structure models to develop unit treatment costs SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB This article describes the US Environmental Protection Agency's new cost modeling approach to developing unit costs for drinking water technologies. The technique uses a work breakdown structure (WBS), which involves dividing technology into discrete components for the purpose of estimating unit costs. The article demonstrates the application of this approach for three specific technologies that are effective at removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from drinking water: packed-tower aeration, multistage bubble aeration, and granular activated carbon. The article gives example outputs for these three WBS technology models for the removal of trichloroethylene, which, among the regulated VOCs, occurs most commonly in drinking water. The WBS models were designed for the purpose of estimating the national costs of drinking water regulations. As such, they are intended to be transparent and versatile. C1 [Khera, Rajiv] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP Khera, R (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW,MC 4607M, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM khera.rajiv@epa.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC PI DENVER PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA SN 2164-4535 J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 105 IS 11 BP 61 EP 62 DI 10.5942/jawwa.2013.105.0129 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 245UH UT WOS:000326488800013 ER PT J AU Gnepe, JR Tyagi, RD Brar, SK Valero, JR Surampalli, RY AF Gnepe, Jean Robert Tyagi, Rajeshwar Dayal Brar, Satinder Kaur Valero, Jose R. Surampalli, Rao Y. TI Enzymatic activity of Cydia pomonella larvae reared on diets produced with agro-industrial hydrolyzed wastes SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agro-industrial wastes; nutrients; larvae; Cydia pomonella; hydrolysis; enzymatic activity ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; WATER SLUDGE; PRETREATMENT; LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; DIGESTION; SOLUBILIZATION; FORMULATIONS AB BACKGROUNDThis study compared the physical-chemical characteristics and the nutrient potential of brewery wastewater (BWW) and apple juice industry sludge referred to as pomace (POM). The use of these wastes as alternative nutrients by replacing the standard components (soya flour, wheat germ and yeast extract) allowed production of a balanced diet for rearing codling moth (CM) larvae. RESULTSThe hydrolysis pretreatment (100 degrees C/30min) contributed to enhancing the nutritive potential (almost 600%) and improved the viscosity (decreased from 770.5 to 435 mPa s for BWW and from 460 to 383 mPa s for POM) of the waste. The BWWH+SF diet supplied higher assimilated nutrients (2.071 mg proteins, 2.274 mg carbohydrates and 0.974 mg lipids) showing higher breeding efficiency (93% hatching, 85% larvae, 76% cocoon and 70% adults).Furthermore, the results of the larvae breeding on BWWH+SF diet was the best which for the enzymatic activity (59.7 UI mL(-1) protease, 2.9 mg L-1 amylase and 1.93 U mg(-1) lipase), consumption rates of proteins (451.79 mg kg(-1)), carbohydrates (396.43 mg kg(-1)) and lipids (91.07 mg kg(-1)) consumed on these diets. CONCLUSIONSBWWH+SF was the best diet with respect to enzymatic activity, consumption of nutrients and larval breeding efficiency compared with POMH+SF and the standard diet. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Gnepe, Jean Robert; Tyagi, Rajeshwar Dayal; Brar, Satinder Kaur; Valero, Jose R.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. [Surampalli, Rao Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA. RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada. EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) (Canada Research Chair) [A4984]; INRS-ETE FX The authors sincerely thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) (Grants A4984, Canada Research Chair) and INRS-ETE for their financial support. We express our gratitude to BioTepp Inc. who supplied eggs of codling moth (CM) used for the experimental research. Thanks to Barberie and Lassonde Inc Industries for supplying the samples of sludge and wastewater used for realization of the studies. The views and the opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0268-2575 EI 1097-4660 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD NOV PY 2013 VL 88 IS 11 BP 1984 EP 1990 DI 10.1002/jctb.4056 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA 242LN UT WOS:000326243500014 ER PT J AU Riffle, BW Henderson, WM Laws, SC AF Riffle, Brandy W. Henderson, W. Matthew Laws, Susan C. TI Measurement of steroids in rats after exposure to an endocrine disruptor: Mass spectrometry and radioimmunoassay demonstrate similar results SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Methods; Steroids; Radioimmunoassay; Mass spectroscopy; Quality control ID FEMALE WISTAR RATS; PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT; THYROID-FUNCTION; OVARIAN-FUNCTION; LC-MS/MS; ATRAZINE; METABOLITES; SERUM; RIA; CHLOROTRIAZINE AB Introduction: Commercially available radioimmunoassays (RIAs) are frequently used to evaluate the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on steroidogenesis in rats. Currently there are limited data comparing steroid concentrations in rats as measured by RIAs to those obtained using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This study evaluates the concordance of serum and urine steroid concentrations as quantified by select RIA kits and LC-MS/MS following exposure to an EDC, atrazine (ATR). Methods: Adult male rats were orally dosed with ATR (200 mg/kg/day) or methylcellulose (1%, vehicle control) for 5 days. Serum was collected and separated into aliquots for analysis. Serumwas assayed by RIA for androstenedione (ANDRO), corticosterone (CORT), estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T). Serum was extracted prior to LC-MS/MS analysis with positive electrospray ionization in multiple-reaction monitoring mode for ANDRO, CORT, P4, and T. E1 and E2 concentrations were quantified similarly by LC-MS/MS, following derivatization with dansyl chloride. To compare CORT values from urine, pregnant adult rats were orally dosed with either ATR (100 mg/kg/day) or methylcellulose for 5 days (i.e., gestational days 14-18). Urine samples were collected daily and assayed for CORT by RIA and LC-MS/MS as described above. Results: Data analyses demonstrated significant agreement between the two detection methods as assessed by Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman analysis, and the interclass correlation coefficient. No statistically significant differences were observed between RIA and LC-MS/MS means for any of the steroids assayed. Discussion: These findings indicate a significant correlation between the measurement of steroids within rat serum and urine using RIA kits and LC-MS/MS. Differences in the absolute measurements existed, but these were not statistically significant. These findings indicate that steroids may be reliably measured in rat biological media using RIAs or LC-MS/MS. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Riffle, Brandy W.] ORISE, Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Henderson, W. Matthew] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, NERL, ORD, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Riffle, Brandy W.; Laws, Susan C.] US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, ORD,NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Laws, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Toxic Assessment Div MD 72, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM laws.susan@epa.gov FU U.S. EPA; Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education Research Participation Program FX This work was conducted at the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, and supported by the U.S. EPA and the Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education Research Participation Program. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Alvin Moore, Henry Deas, Derek Puffer, Guadalupe Moran, Priority One Services, Alexandria, VA; Faye Poythress, Shelley Bagby, Annemarie Shoffner, Patty Dillard, Marta Aguilar, and Vivian Wilson, Alpha Omega Bioservices, Baltimore, MD, for their outstanding technical support and assistance with animal care; Deborah Best, U.S. EPA, for her assistance with animal dosing; Michelle Hotchkiss and Ashley Murr, U.S. EPA, for their assistance with RIAs; and Dr. Jamie Dewitt (East Carolina University), and Dr. Jerome Goldman (U.S. EPA) for their reviews and helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1056-8719 EI 1873-488X J9 J PHARMACOL TOX MET JI J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods PD NOV-DEC PY 2013 VL 68 IS 3 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.vascn.2013.07.003 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 242JS UT WOS:000326237100003 PM 23871967 ER EF