FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU HANSEN, DK AF HANSEN, DK TI THE EMBRYOTOXICITY OF PHENYTOIN - AN UPDATE ON POSSIBLE MECHANISMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID FETAL HYDANTOIN SYNDROME; INDUCED CLEFT-PALATE; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; MOUSE EMBRYONIC PALATE; SKF 525A PRETREATMENT; FOLIC-ACID; ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS; COVALENT BINDING; COMPARATIVE TERATOGENICITY; CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS RP HANSEN, DK (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 104 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 197 IS 4 BP 361 EP 368 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA GD338 UT WOS:A1991GD33800002 PM 1871147 ER PT J AU STEWART, KT GADDY, JR BYRNE, B MILLER, S BRAINARD, GC AF STEWART, KT GADDY, JR BYRNE, B MILLER, S BRAINARD, GC TI EFFECTS OF GREEN OR WHITE-LIGHT FOR TREATMENT OF SEASONAL DEPRESSION SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE SEASONAL DEPRESSION; AFFECTIVE DISORDER; LIGHT; PHOTOTHERAPY ID AFFECTIVE-DISORDER; PHOTOTHERAPY; ANTIDEPRESSANT; MELATONIN AB Twelve subjects with winter depression were treated with equal quanta of green or white light in a randomized crossover study. Each treatment condition consisted of 2 hours of exposure each morning for 1 week, with at least 1 intervening week without treatment. Ratings made without knowledge of treatment condition were done before and after each condition. Both treatments significantly reduced depression ratings. White light was significantly more effective than green light in reducing endogenous symptoms, but not the "atypical" symptoms that are common features of winter depression. Furthermore, sequence of treatment conditions influenced antidepressant responses. Broad-band white light may be optimal for maximizing therapeutic response. C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,DEPT NEUROL,1025 WALNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,LIGHT THERAPY CLIN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,JEFFERSON MED COLL,CTR SLEEP DISORDERS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R03-MH-44890-01A1] NR 26 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 38 IS 3 BP 261 EP 270 DI 10.1016/0165-1781(91)90016-I PG 10 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA GM625 UT WOS:A1991GM62500005 PM 1754638 ER PT J AU KODELL, RL KREWSKI, D ZIELINSKI, JM AF KODELL, RL KREWSKI, D ZIELINSKI, JM TI ADDITIVE AND MULTIPLICATIVE RELATIVE RISK IN THE 2-STAGE CLONAL EXPANSION MODEL OF CARCINOGENESIS SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE JOINT EFFECTS; INITIATION; PROMOTION; COMPLETION ID MULTISTAGE CARCINOGENESIS; CANCER C1 HLTH & WELF CANADA,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. CARLETON UNIV,DEPT MATH & STAT,OTTAWA K1S 5B6,ONTARIO,CANADA. RP KODELL, RL (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 11 IS 3 BP 483 EP 490 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1991.tb00633.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA GJ337 UT WOS:A1991GJ33700018 PM 1947353 ER PT J AU ROOS, RW LAUCAM, CA AF ROOS, RW LAUCAM, CA TI UTILITY OF DANSYL DERIVATIZATION TO THE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF 2-PHENYLETHYLAMINE DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Note ID THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; PSEUDOEPHEDRINE; PHARMACEUTICALS; DERIVATIVES; EPHEDRINE; ESTROGENS AB This paper describes the utility of dansyl derivatization in the high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of a number of 2-phenylethylamines of pharmaceutical interest. The derivatives were formed in an alkaline acetone-aqueous sodium carbonate solution, and injected into the chromatograph without the need for their extraction from the reaction mixture. Separations were accomplished on an octadecylsilane column using methanol-water-acetic acid-triethylamine mobile phases and photometric detection at 249 or 335 nm. Comparison of the retention data for the non-dansylated and dansylated 2-phenylethylamines indicated the achievement of favorable alterations in the elution orders. The applicability of dansyl derivatization to the detection of an impurity was demonstrated with a sample of epinephrine containing norepinephrine at the 2% level. C1 ST JOHNS UNIV,COLL PHARM & ALLIED HLTH PROFESS,JAMAICA,NY 11439. RP ROOS, RW (reprint author), US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,850 3RD AVE,BROOKLYN,NY 11232, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD AUG 30 PY 1991 VL 555 IS 1-2 BP 278 EP 284 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87190-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GH092 UT WOS:A1991GH09200028 ER PT J AU ROSA, F AF ROSA, F TI SPINA-BIFIDA IN INFANTS OF WOMEN TAKING CARBAMAZEPINE - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; VALPROIC ACID; INUTERO EXPOSURE RP ROSA, F (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20851, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 29 PY 1991 VL 325 IS 9 BP 664 EP 665 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GC328 UT WOS:A1991GC32800042 ER PT J AU MORRIS, DI SPEICHER, LA RUOHO, AE TEW, KD SEAMON, KB AF MORRIS, DI SPEICHER, LA RUOHO, AE TEW, KD SEAMON, KB TI INTERACTION OF FORSKOLIN WITH THE P-GLYCOPROTEIN MULTIDRUG TRANSPORTER SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OVARY CELL MUTANTS; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; RESISTANT CELLS; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER; PROTEINS; BINDING; ANALOGS; VERAPAMIL; GENE; RAT AB Forskolin and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin, an analogue that does not activate adenylyl cyclase, were tested for their ability to enhance the cytotoxic effects of adriamycin in human ovarian carcinoma cells, SKOV3, which are sensitive to adriamycin and express low levels of P-glycoprotein, and a variant cell line, SKVLB, which overexpresses the P-glycoprotein and has the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. Forskolin and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin both increased the cytotoxic effects of adriamycin in SKVLB cells, yet had no effect on SKOV3 cells. Two photoactive derivatives of forskolin have been synthesized, 7-O-[[2-[3-(4-azido-3-[I-125]iodophenyl)propionamido]ethyl]carbamyl]-7-deacetylforskolin, I-125-7-AIPP-Fsk, and 6-O-[[2-[3-(4-azido-3-[I-125]iodophenyl)propionamidolethyl]carbamyl]forskolin, I-125-6-AIPP-Fsk, which exhibit specificity for labeling the glucose transporter and adenylyl cyclase, respectively (Morris et al., 1991). Both photolabels identified a 140-kDa protein in membranes from SKVLB cells whose labeling was inhibited by forskolin and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin. There was no specific labeling of proteins in membranes from the SKOV3 cells. The overexpressed 140-kDa protein in SKVLB membranes was identified as the P-glycoprotein by immunoblot analysis and immunoprecipitation using anti-P-glycoprotein antiserum. Total inhibition of photolabeling of the P-glycoprotein was observed with verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem, and vinblastine, and partial inhibition was observed with colchicine and cytochalasin B. Forskolin was less effective at inhibiting the photolabeling of the P-glycoprotein than 1,9-dideoxyforskolin or a lipophilic derivative of forskolin. The data are consistent with forskolin binding to the P-glycoprotein analogous to that of other chemosensitizing drugs that have been shown to partially reverse MDR. The ability of forskolin photolabels to specifically label the glucose transporter, the adenylyl cyclase, and the P-glycoprotein suggests that these proteins may share a common binding domain for forskolin analogues. C1 US FDA,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FOX CHASE CANC RES CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHARMACOL,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01-CA 43830-11]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM33138] NR 38 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD AUG 27 PY 1991 VL 30 IS 34 BP 8371 EP 8379 DI 10.1021/bi00098a014 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GC959 UT WOS:A1991GC95900014 PM 1679346 ER PT J AU SCHMUFF, NR AF SCHMUFF, NR TI USING BEILSTEINS UNIQUE PROBLEM-SOLVING CAPABILITIES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 11 EP COMP PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08001625 ER PT J AU WEBER, NE AF WEBER, NE TI REGULATORY ASPECTS OF THE USE OF XENOBIOTICS IN FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS IN THE USA SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV CHEM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 76 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08000290 ER PT J AU CARSON, MC HELLER, DN KIJAK, PJ REEVES, VB SCHERMERHORN, PG THOMAS, MH AF CARSON, MC HELLER, DN KIJAK, PJ REEVES, VB SCHERMERHORN, PG THOMAS, MH TI APPROACHES TO DETECTION AND CONFIRMATION OF DRUG RESIDUES IN MILK SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 99 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08000101 ER PT J AU SHAIKH, B JACKSON, JD AF SHAIKH, B JACKSON, JD TI IMPROVED HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF NEOMYCIN IN KIDNEY TISSUE SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 100 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08000102 ER PT J AU ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC HURLBUT, JA LONG, AR AF ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC HURLBUT, JA LONG, AR TI APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL AND UV VISIBLE DETECTION TO THE LC SEPARATION AND DETERMINATION OF METHYLENE-BLUE AND ITS DEMETHYLATED METABOLITES FROM MILK SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80225. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 101 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08000103 ER PT J AU DANIELS, DH JOE, FL WARNER, CR DIACHENKO, GW AF DANIELS, DH JOE, FL WARNER, CR DIACHENKO, GW TI DETERMINATION OF SULFITE LEVELS IN A VARIETY OF COMMERCIAL FOODS, USING MONIER-WILLIAMS AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 109 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08000111 ER PT J AU BARNES, CJ AF BARNES, CJ TI IMPORTANCE OF LABORATORY VALIDATIONS AND ACCURATE DESCRIPTIONS OF ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES FOR DRUG RESIDUES IN FOODS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 126 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08000128 ER PT J AU WU, WL KUROKAWA, H SHIBAYAMA, M NOMURA, S COYNE, LD AF WU, WL KUROKAWA, H SHIBAYAMA, M NOMURA, S COYNE, LD TI PHASE-BEHAVIOR OF AQUEOUS POLY(VINYL-ALCOHOL) SOLUTION - A SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDY SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 KYOTO INST TECHNOL,SAKYO KU,KYOTO 606,JAPAN. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 171 EP POLY PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG081 UT WOS:A1991HG08101073 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, MA CASTERLINE, JL AF MCLAUGHLIN, MA CASTERLINE, JL TI BINDING-STUDIES OF BILE-ACIDS BY VARIOUS TYPES OF FIBER SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,FOOD FORMULAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 208 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG080 UT WOS:A1991HG08000210 ER PT J AU OWN, ZY WANG, SM CHUNG, JF HUANG, LJ MILLER, DW FU, PP AF OWN, ZY WANG, SM CHUNG, JF HUANG, LJ MILLER, DW FU, PP TI PEGIOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF (ETA-6-ARENE)TRICARBONYLCHROMIUM COMPOUNDS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 214 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG081 UT WOS:A1991HG08100307 ER PT J AU MILLER, DW FU, PP OWN, ZY WANG, SM CHUNG, JF HUANG, LJ AF MILLER, DW FU, PP OWN, ZY WANG, SM CHUNG, JF HUANG, LJ TI CHARACTERIZATION OF (ETA-6-ARENE)TRICARBONYLCHROMIUM COMPOUNDS BY PROTON2 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1991 VL 202 BP 215 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HG081 UT WOS:A1991HG08100308 ER PT J AU GETEK, TA VESTAL, ML ALEXANDER, TG AF GETEK, TA VESTAL, ML ALEXANDER, TG TI ANALYSIS OF GENTAMICIN SULFATE BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY COMBINED WITH THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTRUM CY OCT 31-NOV 02, 1990 CL MONTREUX, SWITZERLAND ID AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS; COLUMN DERIVATIZATION; SEPARATION; COMPONENTS; C-1A; HPLC AB The quantitative analysis of gentamicin sulfate by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometry was performed on-line utilizing thermospray mass spectrometry (TSP-MS). Chromatographic reversed-phase separation utilizing trifluoroacetic acid as an ion pair reagent resulted in the observation by TSP-MS of the major components (C1a, C2 and C1) of gentamicin sulfate as well as an additional minor component. This minor component had the identical [M + H]+ ion and fragmentation pattern of the major fraction C2 which indicated that the minor component may be the C2a component. Method development and optimization of the mobile phase for HPLC-TSP-MS were accomplished with a variable simplex algorithm. HPLC with electrochemical detection was utilized in conjunction with the simplex algorithm to establish a mobile phase suitable for the HPLC-TSP-MS analysis of gentamicin sulfate. Bulk preparations of gentamicin sulfate were assayed by HPLC-TSP-MS for the major components by comparison with an external standard, and by a comparison of peak areas obtained for the individual components vs. the totaled peak areas. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77004. CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 34 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD AUG 21 PY 1991 VL 554 IS 1-2 BP 191 EP 203 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88449-1 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GG693 UT WOS:A1991GG69300018 ER PT J AU KADLUBAR, FF DOOLEY, KL TEITEL, CH ROBERTS, DW BENSON, RW BUTLER, MA BAILEY, JR YOUNG, JF SKIPPER, PW TANNENBAUM, SR AF KADLUBAR, FF DOOLEY, KL TEITEL, CH ROBERTS, DW BENSON, RW BUTLER, MA BAILEY, JR YOUNG, JF SKIPPER, PW TANNENBAUM, SR TI FREQUENCY OF URINATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON METABOLISM, PHARMACOKINETICS, BLOOD HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCT FORMATION, AND LIVER AND URINARY-BLADDER DNA ADDUCT LEVELS IN BEAGLE DOGS GIVEN THE CARCINOGEN 4-AMINOBIPHENYL SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROSTAGLANDIN-H SYNTHASE; AROMATIC-AMINES; IMMUNOCHEMICAL QUANTITATION; INVIVO; ARYLAMINES; MICROSOMES; OXIDATION; ACTIVATION; BINDING; INVITRO AB The human urinary bladder carcinogen, 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP), is known to undergo hepatic metabolism to an N-hydroxy arylamine and its corresponding N-glucuronide. It has been proposed that these metabolites are both transported through the blood via renal filtration to the urinary bladder lumen where acidic pH can facilitate the hydrolysis of the N-glucuronide and enhance the conversion of N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl (N-OH-ABP) to a reactive electrophile that will form covalent adducts with urothelial DNA. Blood ABP-hemoglobin adducts, which have been used to monitor human exposure to ABP, are believed to be formed by reactions within the erythrocyte involving N-OH-ABP that has entered the circulation from the liver or from reabsorption across the urothelium. To test these hypotheses directly, experimental data were obtained from female beagles given [H-3]ABP (p.o., i.v., or intraurethrally), [H-3]N-OH-ABP (i.v. or intraurethrally), or [H-3]N-OH-ABP N-glucuronide (i.v.). Analyses included determinations of total ABP in whole blood and plasma, ABP-hemoglobin adducts in blood erythrocytes, ABP and N-OH-ABP levels (free and N-glucuronide) in urine, urine pH, frequency of urination (controlled by urethral catheter), rates of reabsorption of ABP and N-OH-ABP across the urothelium, and apparent volumes of distribution in the blood/tissue compartment. The major ABP-DNA adduct, N-(guan-8-yl)4-aminobiphenyl, was also measured in urothelial and liver DNA using a sensitive immunochemical method. An analog/ digital hybrid computer was then utilized to construct a multicompartmental pharmacokinetic model for ABP and its metabolites that separates: (a) absorption; (b) hepatic metabolism and distribution in blood and tissues; (c) ABP-hemoglobin adduct formation; (d) hydrolysis and reabsorption in the urinary bladder lumen; and (e) excretion. Using this model, cumulative exposure of the urothelium to free N-OH-ABP was simulated from the experimental data and used to predict ABP-DNA adduct formation in the urothelium. The results indicated that exposure to N-OH-ABP and subsequent ABP-DNA adduct formation are directly dependent on voiding frequency and to a lesser extent on urine pH. This was primarily due to the finding that, after p.o. dosing of ABP to dogs, the major portion of the total N-OH-ABP entering the bladder lumen was free N-OH-ABP (0.7% of the dose), with much lower amounts as the acid-labile N-glucuronide (0.3% of the dose). The fraction of free/conjugated N-OH-ABP then decreased with greater voiding intervals, as a consequence of the rapid reabsorption of free N-OH-ABP across the urothelium. Accordingly, the model correctly predicted a 17-fold decrease in the level of urothelial DNA adducts as average voiding frequency was increased from 3 times a day to a continuous voiding for the first 12 h after dosing. This was also consistent with data from intraurethral instillation of N-OH-ABP, which showed a > 60-fold higher DNA adduct level than similarly administered ABP. In contrast, blood ABP-hemoglobin adduct levels, which accounted for 8-10% of the p.o. dose, were independent of voiding interval; and the amounts of free N-OH-ABP available for reabsorption in the bladder lumen were insufficient to account for the high ABP-hemoglobin adduct levels observed. Thus, these data indicate that hemoglobin-ABP adduct formation is likely to be a direct consequence of the hepatic N-oxidation of ABP to N-OH-ABP and its entry into the circulation; and the measurement of hemoglobin adduct levels can be regarded as valid index of both exposure and metabolic activation of this carcinogen in humans. In addition, these studies provide strong evidence for the role of unconjugated urinary N-OH-ABP in carcinogen-DNA adduct formation in the carcinogen-target tissue and suggest that the frequency of urination should be a critical determinant in human urinary bladder carcinogenesis. C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02178. RP KADLUBAR, FF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-00-597, ES-02-109] NR 30 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD AUG 15 PY 1991 VL 51 IS 16 BP 4371 EP 4377 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GA543 UT WOS:A1991GA54300041 PM 1868460 ER PT J AU KOMORIYA, A GREEN, LJ MERVIC, M YAMADA, SS YAMADA, KM HUMPHRIES, MJ AF KOMORIYA, A GREEN, LJ MERVIC, M YAMADA, SS YAMADA, KM HUMPHRIES, MJ TI THE MINIMAL ESSENTIAL SEQUENCE FOR A MAJOR CELL TYPE-SPECIFIC ADHESION SITE (CS1) WITHIN THE ALTERNATIVELY SPLICED TYPE-III CONNECTING SEGMENT DOMAIN OF FIBRONECTIN IS LEUCINE-ASPARTIC ACID-VALINE SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PLASMA FIBRONECTIN; SURFACE RECEPTORS; IDENTIFICATION; ATTACHMENT; FRAGMENTS; INTEGRINS; REGION AB Fibronectin contains at least two major domains that support cell adhesion. One is the central cell-binding domain that is recognized by a variety of cell types via the integrin-alpha-5-beta-1. The second, originally identified by its ability to support melanoma cell adhesion, is located in the alternatively spliced type III connecting segment (IIICS). A dominant cell type-specific adhesion site within the IIICS has been localized to a peptide designated as CS1 comprising its amino-terminal 25 residues. The receptor for CS1 is the integrin-alpha-4-beta-1. We have synthesized a variety of peptides with overlapping sequences in order to identify the minimum active amino acid sequence of this major cell adhesion site. A peptide comprising the carboxyl-terminal 8 amino acids of CS1, EILDVPST, was found to support melanoma cell spreading, while all peptides without this sequence had little or no activity. Two smaller overlapping pentapeptides, EILDV and LDVPS, were also active, whereas EILEV, containing a conservative substitution of Glu for Asp, was inactive. These data suggested that the minimum sequence for cell adhesion activity is Leu-Asp-Val, the tripeptide sequence common to both active peptides. This prediction was confirmed by the observed ability of the Leu-Asp-Val peptide itself to block spreading on fibronectin, whereas Leu-Glu-Val was inactive. Interspecies amino acid sequence comparison also supports the importance of the LDV sequence, since it is completely conserved in the IIICS regions of human, rat, bovine, and avian fibronectins. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,MANCHESTER M13 9PT,LANCS,ENGLAND. RORER GRP INC,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406. NCI,MOLEC BIOL LAB,MEMBRANE BIOCHEM SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP KOMORIYA, A (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELL BIOL LAB,8000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Yamada, Kenneth/0000-0003-1512-6805 FU Wellcome Trust NR 20 TC 298 Z9 302 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 23 BP 15075 EP 15079 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GB097 UT WOS:A1991GB09700044 PM 1869542 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI TREATMENT IND FOR DIDEOXYCYTIDINE (DDC) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 14 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 6 BP 769 EP 769 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GA073 UT WOS:A1991GA07300009 PM 1865513 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI TREATMENT IND FOR PURGING USE IN AUTOLOGOUS BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTS FOR ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 14 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 6 BP 769 EP 769 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GA073 UT WOS:A1991GA07300008 PM 1865513 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PUBLIC MEETING ON DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 14 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 6 BP 769 EP 769 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GA073 UT WOS:A1991GA07300006 PM 1865513 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI INGREDIENT LABELING PROPOSAL PUBLISHED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 14 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 6 BP 769 EP 769 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GA073 UT WOS:A1991GA07300007 PM 1865513 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, J NGUYEN, NY SACKETT, DL DONKERSLOOT, JA AF THOMPSON, J NGUYEN, NY SACKETT, DL DONKERSLOOT, JA TI TRANSPOSON-ENCODED SUCROSE METABOLISM IN LACTOCOCCUS-LACTIS - PURIFICATION OF SUCROSE-6-PHOSPHATE HYDROLASE AND GENETIC-LINKAGE TO N5-(L-1-CARBOXYETHYL)-L-ORNITHINE SYNTHASE IN STRAIN K1 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-LACTIS; PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE SYSTEM; NISIN PRODUCTION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; FERMENTING ABILITY; 6-PHOSPHATE HYDROLASE; NADP+ OXIDOREDUCTASE; ANTIBIOTIC NISIN; SUCRASE GENE; MUTANS AB Sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis K1-23 (formerly Streptococcus lactis K1-23) has been purified 600-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity. Purification of the enzyme was achieved by DEAE-Sephacel, phosphocellulose P-11, and gel exclusion (Ultrogel AcA 54) chromatography. The purified enzyme (specific activity 31 units/mg) catalyzed the hydrolysis of both 6-O-phosphoryl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 2-beta-D-fructofuranoside (sucrose 6-phosphate) and sucrose (K(m) = 0.1 and 100 mM, respectively). Ultracentrifugal analysis of sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase indicated an M(r) = 52,200. The purified enzyme migrated as a single protein during sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (M(r) = 52,000). However, four distinct polypeptides were detected by analytical electrofocusing, and all four species hydrolyzed sucrose and sucrose 6-phosphate. The amino acid composition of sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase, and the sequence of the first 12 amino acids from the NH2 terminus, have been determined. Hybridization studies with oligonucleotide probes show that the genes for sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolase (scrB), Enzyme II(Scr) of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sucrose:phosphotransferase system (scrA), and N5-(carboxyethyl) ornithine synthase (ceo) are encoded by the same approximately 20-kilobase EcoRI fragment. This fragment is part of a large transposon Tn5306 that also encodes the nisin precursor gene, spaN, and IS904. In L. lactis ATCC 11454, spaN, IS904, scrA, and scrB (but not ceo) are encoded on a related transposon, Tn5307. C1 NIDDKD, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV CYTOKINE BIOL, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP THOMPSON, J (reprint author), NIDR, MICROBIAL ECOL LAB, BLDG 30, RM 528, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 50 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 5 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 22 BP 14573 EP 14579 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FZ351 UT WOS:A1991FZ35100072 PM 1650362 ER PT J AU LIU, T LIN, Y CISLO, T MINETTI, CASA BABA, JMK LIU, TY AF LIU, T LIN, Y CISLO, T MINETTI, CASA BABA, JMK LIU, TY TI LIMUNECTIN - A PHOSPHOCHOLINE-BINDING PROTEIN FROM LIMULUS AMEBOCYTES WITH ADHESION-PROMOTING PROPERTIES SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; PLASMA FIBRONECTIN; CELL-ADHESION; VITRONECTIN; CDNA; SIMILARITY; CHROMATIN; COLLAGEN; DOMAIN AB A protein that binds to and precipitates with pneumococcal C-polysaccharide and a phosphocholine (PC) derivative of bovine serum albumin has been affinity purified from Limulus amebocytes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis reveals that the isolated protein consists of a single polypeptide chain of approximately 50 kDa. It is an intracellular protein localized in the secretory granules of amebocytes according to immunogold staining. Although it shares the PC-binding property with C-reactive protein isolated from Limulus and other animal species, it differs from C-reactive protein in that the latter binds to PC only in the presence of Ca2+, whereas the newly isolated protein binds to PC in a Ca2+-independent manner. In this respect, the newly isolated PC-binding protein resembles the antibodies to PC of mouse myelomas. The gene coding for this protein has been isolated. The gene sequence predicts a protein of 54 kDa with an unusual structural feature: it consists almost entirely of 10 contiguous segments, 45 amino acids in length, with extensive homology. Some limited sequence homologies were found between the 54-kDa protein and segments of vitronectin, gelatinase, and collagenase. It binds to bacterial cells, fixed amebocytes, and a number of extracellular matrix molecules. Due to its structural and some functional similarities to other adhesion molecules, the Limulus 54-kDa protein was named "Limunectin." C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,RM 516,BLDG 29,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Minetti, Conceicao/B-5077-2009 OI Minetti, Conceicao/0000-0002-9682-2898 NR 49 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 5 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 22 BP 14813 EP 14821 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FZ351 UT WOS:A1991FZ35100106 PM 1907284 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP FLYNN, GL GUY, RH MAIBACH, HI SCHAEFER, H SKELLY, JP WESTER, RC YACOBI, A AF SHAH, VP FLYNN, GL GUY, RH MAIBACH, HI SCHAEFER, H SKELLY, JP WESTER, RC YACOBI, A TI INVIVO PERCUTANEOUS PENETRATION ABSORPTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID RELEVANT ANIMAL-MODEL; SKIN PERMEABILITY; HAIRLESS RAT; BIOAVAILABILITY; METABOLISM; TRANSPORT; HUMANS; MOUSE; DRUGS; FLAP AB This workshop, 'In Vivo Percutaneous Penetration/Absorption' was held in Washington, DC, on May 1-3, 1989. The first workshop in this series, 'In Vitro Percutaneous Penetration', took place in November 1986 (the report of this earlier meeting was published in Pharmaceutical Research, 4 (1987) 265-267). The objectives of the workshop were to review the relevant literature and to address in detail: (1) In vivo percutaneous penetration/absorption methodology; (2) The characteristics of dosage forms designed for application to the skin; (3) Critical factors controlling in vivo drug transport into and across the skin; (4) The use of models in the assessment and evaluation of in vivo percutaneous penetration/absorption; and (5) Bioavailability/bioequivalence considerations for topical drug products. Scientific knowledge and technology are rapidly evolving in the topical and transdermal drug products area. This report focuses on the methodologies available for the measurement of percutaneous penetration in vivo; each scientific approach is discussed briefly followed by advantages and disadvantages of the methodology. C1 AMER CYANAMID CO,PEARL RIVER,NY 10965. UNIV MICHIGAN,COLL PHARM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH PHARM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT DERMATOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. CTR INT RECH DERMATOL,F-06565 VALBONNE,FRANCE. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Guy, Richard/H-3471-2012; OI Guy, Richard/0000-0003-3227-9862 NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD AUG 2 PY 1991 VL 74 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GD592 UT WOS:A1991GD59200001 ER PT J AU CALLAHAN, L SCHWARTZ, N NG, K AF CALLAHAN, L SCHWARTZ, N NG, K TI DIBASIC AMINES AS COMPETITIVE IONS IMPROVE THE RESOLUTION BETWEEN POLYANIONIC NUCLEOTIDES SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS; PROTECTION C1 LA TROBE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,BUNDOORA,VIC 3083,AUSTRALIA. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIV CHICAGO,JOSEPH P KENNEDY JR MENTAL RETARDAT RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,JOSEPH P KENNEDY JR MENTAL RETARDAT RES CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD AUG 1 PY 1991 VL 196 IS 2 BP 229 EP 233 DI 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90458-6 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA FZ710 UT WOS:A1991FZ71000006 PM 1842909 ER PT J AU GU, XX TSAI, CM AF GU, XX TSAI, CM TI PURIFICATION OF ROUGH-TYPE LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES OF NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS FROM CELLS AND OUTER-MEMBRANE VESICLES IN SPENT MEDIA SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; FREE ENDOTOXIN; RELEASE; PROTEIN; STRAINS; LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDES; HETEROGENEITY RP GU, XX (reprint author), US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, 8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 54 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD AUG 1 PY 1991 VL 196 IS 2 BP 311 EP 318 DI 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90472-6 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA FZ710 UT WOS:A1991FZ71000020 PM 1776680 ER PT J AU TURKELTAUB, PC GERGEN, PJ AF TURKELTAUB, PC GERGEN, PJ TI PREVALENCE OF UPPER AND LOWER RESPIRATORY CONDITIONS IN THE UNITED-STATES POPULATION BY SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS - DATA FROM THE 2ND NATIONAL-HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY, 1976 TO 1980 (NHANES II) SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY LA English DT Article ID CHANGING PATTERNS; ASTHMA; HOSPITALIZATION; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; TRENDS; SAMPLE AB Data on respiratory conditions reported by sample persons 12 to 74 years of age in NHANES II were examined. The prevalence of upper respiratory conditions varied little between whites (N = 11,260) and blacks (N = 1,482): allergic rhinitis 9.8% versus 8.1%; chronic rhinitis 20.4% versus 19.2%. Except for "allergic rhinitis only," which was increased in whites, no racial differences were found for any upper respiratory condition, singly or in combination. The prevalence of lower respiratory conditions in whites and blacks were: asthma (A) 6.9% versus 9.2% P < .05, chronic bronchitis (CB) 1.3% versus 0.8% P < .05, and chronic cough (CC) 1.1% versus 0.7% P > .05. There was no racial difference in the prevalence of overall lower respiratory conditions (A + CC + CB). All upper and lower respiratory conditions peaked in 50 to 74-year-olds except for allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis only (without asthma) which peaked in 25 to 49-year-olds. Smokers reported all upper and lower respiratory conditions more often than nonsmokers, except for allergic rhinitis only (without asthma), which was reported less often by smokers. Females reported more allergic rhinitis in any combination, while males reported more asthma only (without allergic rhinitis). Sample persons living below poverty reported increased prevalence of chronic rhinitis, asthma, asthma only (without allergic rhinitis), and either allergic rhinitis or asthma. Residents of urban areas reported increased prevalence of allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis only (without asthma) while residents of rural areas reported increased prevalence of asthma only (without allergic rhinitis). Although the prevalence of reported respiratory conditions varied across a number of sociodemographic variables, the racial differences observed could not be eliminated by controlling for these variables. C1 NATL CTR HLTH STAT,DIV HLTH EXAMINAT STAT,PRESIDENTIAL BLDG,ROOM 900,6525 BELCREST RD,HYATTSVILLE,MD 20782. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ALLERGEN PROD LAB,BETHESDA,MD. NR 19 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 0003-4738 J9 ANN ALLERGY JI Ann. Allergy PD AUG PY 1991 VL 67 IS 2 BP 147 EP 154 PN 1 PG 8 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA GB911 UT WOS:A1991GB91100012 PM 1867453 ER PT J AU MCCARTHY, SA AF MCCARTHY, SA TI PATHOGENICITY OF NONSTRESSED, HEAT-STRESSED, AND RESUSCITATED LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES 1A1-CELLS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID INTRAGASTRICALLY INOCULATED MICE; SHORT-TIME PASTEURIZATION; THERMAL INACTIVATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; MILK; RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE; HEMOLYSIN; GROWTH; SURVIVAL AB The pathogenicity of nonstressed, heat-stressed, and resuscitated cells of Listeria monocytogenes 1A1 was assayed in immunocompromised mice. Cells were stressed by heating them at 56-degrees-C for 20 min and were resuscitated by incubation in tryptic soy broth at 25-degrees-C. A dose of 10(2) nonstressed and resuscitated cells per mouse was required for pathogenicity; a dose of 10(4) heat-stressed cells per mouse was considerably less pathogenic. Loss of hemolytic activity accompanied the decreased virulence. RP MCCARTHY, SA (reprint author), US FDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 33 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 57 IS 8 BP 2389 EP 2391 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA FZ250 UT WOS:A1991FZ25000045 PM 1768107 ER PT J AU FAICH, GA AF FAICH, GA TI NATIONAL ADVERSE DRUG REACTION REPORTING - 1984-1989 SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Surveillance of adverse reactions due to pharmaceuticals is important because the drug approval process cannot totally assure safety and because new knowledge is bound to accrue after drugs enter usual medical practice. Reporting of reactions to the Food and Drug Administration increased markedly between 1985 and 1989 and totaled 261 515 reports for this period. A large part of this increase was due to new legal requirements, which ensure that manufacturers report reactions to the Food and Drug Administration. Most reaction reports originated with practicing physicians who contacted drug manufacturers. High proportions of the reports involved new drugs and serious reactions. Reaction surveillance leads to 50 to 100 important safety investigations annually and to numerous changes in product information. Health care providers must continue to report suspect adverse reactions to the Food and Drug Administration and manufacturers if pharmaceutical use and safety are to improve. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 151 IS 8 BP 1645 EP 1647 DI 10.1001/archinte.151.8.1645 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GB722 UT WOS:A1991GB72200025 PM 1872669 ER PT J AU HEITKAMP, MA FREEMAN, JP MILLER, DW CERNIGLIA, CE AF HEITKAMP, MA FREEMAN, JP MILLER, DW CERNIGLIA, CE TI BIODEGRADATION OF 1-NITROPYRENE SO ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIODEGRADATION; NITROPOLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; AEROBIC; ANAEROBIC; MYCOBACTERIUM; 1-NITROPYRENE; CIS-DIHYDRODIOLS ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; INTESTINAL MICROFLORA; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; RING OXIDATION; FRESH-WATER; RAT-LIVER; MUTAGENICITY; DNA AB The metabolism of C-14-labeled 1-nitropyrene in microcosms containing nonsterile estuarine sediments, and in cultures of a Mycobacterium sp. previously isolated from oil-contaminated sediments was investigated. Although mineralization of 1-nitropyrene by pure cultures of the Mycobacterium sp. totaled only 12.3% after 10 days of incubation, over 80% of the ethyl acetate extractable C-14-labeled compounds consisted of 1-nitropyrene metabolites. High pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of 1-nitropyrene degradation products indicated that two major metabolites were formed. They were identified as 1-nitropyrene cis-9,10- and 4,5-dihydrodiols, based on their UV-visible, mass and NMR spectra. Time course studies in microcosms showed that 1-nitropyrene was degraded slowly under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in estuarine sediments. Less than 1% had been converted to (CO2)-C-14 after 8 weeks of aerobic incubation. The addition of 1-nitropyrene to anaerobic sediments resulted in no (CO2)-C-14 evolution; however, the nitro group of 1-nitropyrene was reduced to form 1-aminopyrene. Although the mineralization of 1-nitropyrene in sediments was slow, the Mycobacterium sp. metabolized 1-nitropyrene in pure culture. This bacterium appears promising for the bioremediation of this ubiquitous pollutant in contaminated waste. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 10 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-8933 J9 ARCH MICROBIOL JI Arch. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 156 IS 3 BP 223 EP 230 DI 10.1007/BF00249119 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GC339 UT WOS:A1991GC33900012 PM 1953305 ER PT J AU NAWAZ, MS FRANKLIN, W CAMPBELL, WL HEINZE, TM CERNIGLIA, CE AF NAWAZ, MS FRANKLIN, W CAMPBELL, WL HEINZE, TM CERNIGLIA, CE TI METABOLISM OF ACRYLONITRILE BY KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE SO ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NITRILES; BIODEGRADATION; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; ACRYLONITRILE METABOLITES; NITRILE HYDRATASE; AMIDASE ID NITRILE COMPOUNDS; MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; PURIFICATION; ACRYLAMIDE; ACETONITRILE; HYDRATASE AB A gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium capable of utilizing acrylonitrile as the sole source of nitrogen was isolated from industrial sewage and identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The isolate was capable of utilizing aliphatic nitriles containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms or benzonitrile as the sole source of nitrogen and either acetamide or propionamide as the sole source of both carbon and nitrogen. Gas chromatographic and mass spectral analyses of culture filtrates indicated that K. pneumoniae was capable of hydrolyzing 6.15 mmol of acrylonitrile to 5.15 mmol of acrylamide within 24 h. The acrylamide was hydrolyzed to 1.0 mmol of acrylic acid within 72 h. Another metabolite of acrylonitrile metabolism was ammonia, which reached a maximum concentration of 3.69 mM within 48 h. Nitrile hydratase and amidase, the two hydrolytic enzymes responsible for the sequential metabolism of nitrile compounds, were induced by acrylonitrile. The optimum temperature for nitrile hydratase activity was 55-degrees-C and that for amidase was 40-degrees-C; both enzymes had pH optima of 8.0. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 28 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0302-8933 J9 ARCH MICROBIOL JI Arch. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 156 IS 3 BP 231 EP 238 DI 10.1007/BF00249120 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GC339 UT WOS:A1991GC33900013 PM 1953306 ER PT J AU PURI, RK LELAND, P AF PURI, RK LELAND, P TI INVIVO TREATMENT WITH INTERFERON CAUSES AUGMENTATION OF IL-2 INDUCED LYMPHOKINE-ACTIVATED KILLER-CELLS IN THE ORGANS OF MICE SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INVIVO THERAPY; LAK CELLS; CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTES ID RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-2; ALPHA-INTERFERON; MULTIPLE INJECTIONS; ADVANCED CANCER; ASIALO GM1; LYMPHOCYTES; INDUCTION; COMBINATION; METASTASES; GAMMA AB Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has been shown to synergize with IL-2 in the regression of a variety of established murine tumours and studies are underway to explore this combination in patients with advanced cancers as well. To understand the mechanism of synergy we have studied lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell activity in various compartments of mice in response to IFN-alpha and IL-2 administration. The effects of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-4 were also examined. C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with HBSS, IL-2 alone, IFN-alpha alone or both, two times a day for 7 days. On days 4 and 8, LAK activity was tested in a 4-h chromium release in cells obtained from lungs, spleen, and liver using fresh MCA-102 tumour cells as targets. The cells from control mice failed to lyse the MCA-102 target. IL-2 caused the generation of LAK activity and an increase in total cell yield in all the organs after 3 days of injection. IFN-alpha failed to generate LAK activity but when administered along with IL-2, caused synergistic enhancement of LAK lysis of MCA-102 target cells. Cell yield in this group was lower as compared with the IL-2-treated group. LAK activity tested after 7 days of IL-2 therapy was significantly decreased compared with that observed after 3 days. However, activity remained at as high a level after 7 days of therapy as after 3 days of therapy in animals treated with IFN-alpha and IL-2. FACS analysis revealed that asialo GM-1+ (ASGM-1) and NK1.1+ cells were increased in number in IL-2 and IL-2 plus IFN-alpha-treated spleen; however, the number of these cells was similar in both groups. In the liver, ASGM-1+ cells were higher in the IL-2 plus IFN-alpha group than in the group treated with IL-2 alone. By in vitro depletion utilizing antibody and Rbc' experiments, it was clear that both ASGM-1+ and NK1.1+ cells from the spleen mediated most of the cytotoxicity of MCA-102 targets. Pre-treatment irradiation (5 Gy) of mice completely abrogated the capability of IL-2 or IL-2 plus IFN-alpha to generate LAK activity. IFN-gamma also had a stimulatory effect on IL-2 induction of LAK activity. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-4 failed to generate LAK activity and, in combination with IL-2, no additional stimulatory effect was observed. These studies indicate that induction of LAK activity may be at least partly responsible in the mediation of synergistic anti-tumour effects of IFN-alpha and IL-2 or IFN-gamma and IL-2. RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,NIH BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B-20,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 85 IS 2 BP 317 EP 325 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FY642 UT WOS:A1991FY64200025 PM 1713814 ER PT J AU FEINSTONE, SM AF FEINSTONE, SM TI HEPATITIS-C VIRUS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE FLAVIVIRUS; PESTIVIRUS; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RP FEINSTONE, SM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,RES DIV VIROL,HEPATITIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0954-691X J9 EUR J GASTROEN HEPAT JI Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 3 IS 8 BP 572 EP 579 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GC179 UT WOS:A1991GC17900002 ER PT J AU SLIKKER, W PAULE, MG ALI, SF SCALLET, AC BAILEY, JR AF SLIKKER, W PAULE, MG ALI, SF SCALLET, AC BAILEY, JR TI CHRONIC MARIJUANA SMOKE EXPOSURE IN THE RHESUS-MONKEY .1. PLASMA CANNABINOID AND BLOOD CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATIONS AND CLINICAL-CHEMISTRY PARAMETERS SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL THC; HEMATOLOGY VALUES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; BEHAVIOR; RATS; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; PERFORMANCE; TOLERANCE; RANGE C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP SLIKKER, W (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU PHS HHS [224-83-005] NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 17 IS 2 BP 321 EP 334 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(91)90222-P PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA FZ997 UT WOS:A1991FZ99700009 PM 1684942 ER PT J AU KASSIS, JA VANSICKLE, EP SENSABAUGH, SM AF KASSIS, JA VANSICKLE, EP SENSABAUGH, SM TI A FRAGMENT OF ENGRAILED REGULATORY DNA CAN MEDIATE TRANSVECTION OF THE WHITE GENE IN DROSOPHILA SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ZESTE GENE; TRANSCRIPTION UNIT; MELANOGASTER; EXPRESSION; ELEMENT; LOCUS; SEQUENCE; PROMOTER; PROTEIN; INSITU AB We have found a fragment of engrailed regulatory DNA that has an unusual effect on expression of a linked marker gene, white, in the P element transposon CaSpeR. Normally, flies homozygous for a given CaSpeR insertion have darker eyes than heterozygotes. However, when a particular engrailed DNA fragment is included in that transposon, homozygotes often have lighter eyes than heterozygotes. Thus, engrailed DNA appears to cause white expression to be repressed in homozygotes. The suppression of white is dependent on the proximity of the two transposons in the genome-either in cis (i.e., on the same chromosome) or in trans (i.e., on homologous chromosomes). Thus, the engrailed fragment is mediating a phenomenon similar to that mediated by the zeste gene at the white locus. However, the interactions we observe do not require, nor are influenced by, mutations of zeste. We suggest that the engrailed DNA contains one or more binding sites for a protein that facilitates interactions between transposons. The normal function of these sites may be to mediate interactions between distant cis-regulatory regions of engrailed, a large locus that extends over 70 kilobases. RP KASSIS, JA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Kassis, Judith/0000-0001-9268-3213 NR 40 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 1 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD AUG PY 1991 VL 128 IS 4 BP 751 EP 761 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA FZ270 UT WOS:A1991FZ27000010 PM 1655566 ER PT J AU ROUSE, DA MORRIS, SL KARPAS, AB MACKALL, JC PROBST, PG CHAPARAS, SD AF ROUSE, DA MORRIS, SL KARPAS, AB MACKALL, JC PROBST, PG CHAPARAS, SD TI IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS ISOLATED FROM A MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM LAMBDA-GT11 EXPRESSION LIBRARY BY USING MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY PROBES SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; COMPLEX INFECTIONS; TUBERCULOSIS; SPECIFICITY; PROTEIN; REACTIVITY; DISEASE AB Nontuberculous mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium avium, have been isolated from a significant percentage of patients with AIDS. Early detection of M. avium infection is difficult, and treatment regimens are often ineffective. Much needs to be learned about antigens and factors responsible for immunity to and pathogenesis of the disease. Specific antigens and diagnostic procedures for infection need to be developed. To address some of these problems, we have generated 25 different monoclonal antibodies against a serovar 4 strain of M. avium isolated from a patient with AIDS. Protease sensitivity studies have demonstrated that each of these antibodies recognizes a protein-associated epitope. Immunoblot analyses suggest that seven of these monoclonal antibodies react specifically with M. avium and M. intracellulare epitopes. Immunoreactive bacteriophages were identified from an M. avium lambda-gt11 expression library with two of these monoclonal antibodies (3808 C3 and 3954 B12). Lambda lysogens, generated from the immunoreactive bacteriophages, overproduced beta-galactosidase fusion proteins which were reactive with the two monoclonal antibodies in immunoblot assays. The purified fusion proteins were shown to elicit skin test reactions in sensitized guinea pigs. RP ROUSE, DA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 26 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 59 IS 8 BP 2595 EP 2600 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA FY331 UT WOS:A1991FY33100013 PM 1713196 ER PT J AU MOSSOBA, MM MCDONALD, RE ARMSTRONG, DJ PAGE, SW AF MOSSOBA, MM MCDONALD, RE ARMSTRONG, DJ PAGE, SW TI IDENTIFICATION OF MINOR C18 TRIENE AND CONJUGATED DIENE ISOMERS IN HYDROGENATED SOYBEAN OIL AND MARGARINE BY GC-MI-FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID UNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; INFRARED SPECTROMETRY; LINOLENIC ACID; TRANS; CIS; QUANTITATION; DERIVATIVES AB Vegetable oils are partially hydrogenated in order to produce palatable products of suitable plasticity. The constituents of these new dietary products are complex mixtures of fatty acid isomers with different nutritional properties. A rapid method is described for separating and identifying fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) isomers of linolenic (octadecatrienoic, 18:3) acid and of conjugated octadecadienoic (18:2) acid, minor species found in hydrogenated soybean oil and margarine, by capillary gas chromatography - matrix isolation - Fourier transform-infrared (GC-MI-FT-IR) spectroscopy. FAMEs of 18:3 acid isomers in margarine, soybean oil hydrogenated in our laboratory, and isomerized linolenic acid were identified by this method, and MI-FT-IR spectra of FAME geometric isomers of octadecatrienoic and conjugated octadecadienoic acids are reported for the first time. Five major C18 triene GC peaks are found in chromatograms of isomerized methyl linolenate, representing species with tri-cis and tri-trans configurations and three species with cis-trans mixed configurations. FAME isomers with these configurations are also found for a hydrogenated soybean oil having an iodine value of 111. Methyl linolenate (tri-cis) is no longer found when soybean oil is further hydrogenated to an iodine value of 96. IR spectra characteristic of a tri-trans isomer are obtained for two test samples with iodine values of 111 and 96. Besides methyl linolenate, only isomers with a mono-trans di-cis configuration are found for the margarine analyzed. Conjugated cis-trans and trans-trans 18:2 FAME isomers are also found in all the hydrogenated soybean oil and margarine analyzed. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. RP MOSSOBA, MM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 26 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 29 IS 8 BP 324 EP 330 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA FZ679 UT WOS:A1991FZ67900001 PM 1939499 ER PT J AU LILLY, T RHODEHAMEL, EJ KAUTTER, DA SOLOMON, HM AF LILLY, T RHODEHAMEL, EJ KAUTTER, DA SOLOMON, HM TI CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM SPORES IN CORN SYRUP AND OTHER SYRUPS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID INFANT BOTULISM; RISK-FACTORS; HONEY AB A total of 738 bottles of corn syrup and other products containing corn syrup (e.g., pancake, maple, waffle, and table syrups) was examined by a membrane filtration procedure for the presence of Clostridium botulinum spores. One each of 354 light and 271 dark corn syrups was presumptively positive for C. botulinum type A spores, but subsequent testing of the entire contents of both bottles proved negative. All other 113 syrups were negative. Results showed that corn syrup and other syrups currently on the market are not food sources of C. botulinum spores for infants. RP LILLY, T (reprint author), US FDA, DIV MICROBIOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 54 IS 8 BP 585 EP 587 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA GA378 UT WOS:A1991GA37800003 ER PT J AU SOLOMON, HM KAUTTER, DA RHODEHAMEL, EJ LILLY, T AF SOLOMON, HM KAUTTER, DA RHODEHAMEL, EJ LILLY, T TI EVALUATION OF UNACIDIFIED PRODUCTS BOTTLED IN OIL FOR OUTGROWTH AND TOXIN PRODUCTION BY CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Note AB A variety of unacidified products bottled in oil or water were investigated for their ability to support growth and toxin production by Clostridium botulinum. The products were inoculated with a mixture of five strains of C. botulinum type A spores (about 50 spores/g or ml) and incubated at room temperature (23-degrees-C). At monthly intervals the organoleptic acceptability of the products, as determined by appearance, odor, and texture, was evaluated and a portion of each sample was removed, diluted 1:2 in gel-phosphate buffer, and injected intraperitoneally into mice. At the end of 4 months the drained solids of each sample were macerated with a minimal amount of buffer and centrifuged; the clear extracts were then injected into mice. None of the products tested supported growth and toxin production by C. botulinum. RP SOLOMON, HM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 54 IS 8 BP 648 EP 649 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA GA378 UT WOS:A1991GA37800016 ER PT J AU PINNER, RW GELLIN, BG BIBB, WF BAKER, CN WEAVER, R HUNTER, SB WATERMAN, SH MOCCA, LF FRASCH, CE BROOME, CV AF PINNER, RW GELLIN, BG BIBB, WF BAKER, CN WEAVER, R HUNTER, SB WATERMAN, SH MOCCA, LF FRASCH, CE BROOME, CV TI MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE IN THE UNITED-STATES - 1986 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS ENZYME ELECTROPHORESIS; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; POPULATIONS; COUNTY; SEROGROUP; SEROTYPE; ANTIGENS AB Active surveillance for invasive meningococcal disease was conducted during 1986 and 1987 in six areas of the United States with a total population of approximately 34 million persons. The incidence of meningococcal disease was 1.3:10(5). The highest incidence of disease among the surveillance areas was in Los Angeles County (1.65:10(5). Neisseria meningitidis serogroups B and C caused about equal amounts of disease, which reflects a recent increase in the incidence of group C disease. Group C caused more than half of the case of meningococcal disease in Los Angeles and Tennessee but less than one-third of the cases in Missouri and Oklahoma. Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis demonstrated that a group of closely related isolates of N. meningitidis was prevalent in Los Angeles during the surveillance period and was associated with an increased incidence of meningococcal disease there. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,HOSP INFECT PROGRAM,ANTIMICROBICS INVEST BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. LOS ANGELES CTY DEPT HLTH SERV,ACUTE COMMUNICABLE DIS CONTROL,LOS ANGELES,CA. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20205. RP PINNER, RW (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,MENINGITIS & SPECIAL PATHOGENS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 16 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 164 IS 2 BP 368 EP 374 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA FY100 UT WOS:A1991FY10000020 PM 1906910 ER PT J AU HAYES, MP ENTERLINE, JC GERRARD, TL ZOON, KC AF HAYES, MP ENTERLINE, JC GERRARD, TL ZOON, KC TI REGULATION OF INTERFERON-PRODUCTION BY HUMAN MONOCYTES - REQUIREMENTS FOR PRIMING FOR LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED PRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MONOKINES; INTERFERON-ALPHA; GM-CSF; INTERFERON-GAMMA; POLY-I,C ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; ENDOGENOUS INTERFERON; HUMAN-BLOOD; MACROPHAGES; ENDOTOXIN; DIFFERENTIATION; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; CELLS; VIRUS AB Macrophages are uniquely responsive to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for activation of a number of host defense functions and production of bioactive mediators. One potentially important mediator produced by LPS-stimulated macrophages is interferon (IFN-alpha/beta). In contrast to murine observations, we have observed that freshly isolated human monocytes, purified by counter-current centrifugal elutriation, do not produce interferon in response to LPS. This is not due to a lack of response to LPS, as assessed by the induction of other monokines, or to an incapacity for IFN production, since IFN was inducible by poly-I,C treatment of monocytes in the absence of any other exogenous stimulus. However, human monocytes can be primed for the production of IFN in response to LPS if they are cultured in the presence of either granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The IFN secreted is of the alpha-subtype. Monocytes primed with GM-CSF or IFN-gamma also maintained LPS responses for production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1). M-CSF did not prime monocytes for LPS-induced IFN production, although it did enhance production of TNF-alpha and promoted monocyte survival. Northern analysis indicated that the induction of IFN-alpha by LPS was regulated primarily at the mRNA level. The highly regulated production of IFN-alpha by monocytes/macrophages has important implications for autocrine action of interferons in the activation and differentiation of these cells. RP HAYES, MP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,ROOM 2D20,BLDG 29-A,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 21 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 50 IS 2 BP 176 EP 181 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA FX662 UT WOS:A1991FX66200008 PM 1649241 ER PT J AU PATTERSON, GML BALDWIN, CL BOLIS, CM CAPLAN, FR KARUSO, H LARSEN, LK LEVINE, IA MOORE, RE NELSON, CS TSCHAPPAT, KD TUANG, GD FURUSAWA, E FURUSAWA, S NORTON, TR RAYBOURNE, RB AF PATTERSON, GML BALDWIN, CL BOLIS, CM CAPLAN, FR KARUSO, H LARSEN, LK LEVINE, IA MOORE, RE NELSON, CS TSCHAPPAT, KD TUANG, GD FURUSAWA, E FURUSAWA, S NORTON, TR RAYBOURNE, RB TI ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY OF CULTURED BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE (CYANOPHYTA) SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ANTICANCER; CYANOBACTERIA; MICROALGAE; NATURAL PRODUCTS; PHARMACEUTICAL ID PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA-CELLS; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; HL-60 CELLS; AGENTS; CYANOBACTERIA; DIFFERENTIATION; INHIBITION AB A large-scale screening program was initiated to evaluate laboratory-cultured blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) as a source of novel antineoplastic agents. Approximately 1000 cyanophyte strains from diverse habitats were cultured to provide extracts for testing. The screening program identified the families Scytonemataceae and Stigonemataceae as prolific producers of novel cytotoxic compounds. Rates of rediscovery of known compounds were relatively low. C1 UNIV HAWAII,DEPT PHARMACOL,HONOLULU,HI 96822. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP PATTERSON, GML (reprint author), UNIV HAWAII,DEPT CHEM,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 46 TC 88 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 4 PU PHYCOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3646 J9 J PHYCOL JI J. Phycol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 27 IS 4 BP 530 EP 536 DI 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1991.00530.x PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GD383 UT WOS:A1991GD38300009 ER PT J AU COLLINS, TFX BLACK, TN GRAHAM, SL JACKSON, BA WELSH, JJ AF COLLINS, TFX BLACK, TN GRAHAM, SL JACKSON, BA WELSH, JJ TI UPDATING DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY TESTING GUIDELINES FOR THE SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF DIRECT FOOD-ADDITIVES AND COLOR ADDITIVES USED IN FOOD - RESULTS OF A SURVEY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTINUOUS BREEDING PROTOCOL; SWISS CD-1 MICE; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY AB In 1982, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued guidelines for testing the effects of direct food additives and color additives on developing embryos and for longer monitoring during several generations. In 1984, an FDA task force began a review of testing procedures for reproductive and developmental toxicity. The Developmental Toxicity Committee was formed specifically to evaluate the current guidelines and to propose revisions. As part of the evaluation, a two-part questionnaire was devised and sent to about 800 members of the Teratology Society and the Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Specialty Section of the Society of Toxicology. The questionnaire included questions on multigeneration reproduction and developmental toxicity. A total of 132 responses (16.5%) were received, and they are discussed in detail in this report. The responses to the multigeneration reproduction questions were concerned with the optimum number of generations and litters, reduction of litter size for standardization, selection of offspring to produce the next generation, parameters to be measured, indices to be calculated, length of premating exposure, additional protocols, and microscopic examination of the offspring. Responses to the developmental toxicity questions were concerned with dose levels, diet variations, route of administration, examination of the offspring, and control of bias. C1 ENVIRON CORP,ARLINGTON,VA. RP COLLINS, TFX (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 10 IS 4 BP 461 EP 475 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GN782 UT WOS:A1991GN78200005 ER PT J AU PRIVAL, MJ SIMMON, VF MORTELMANS, KE AF PRIVAL, MJ SIMMON, VF MORTELMANS, KE TI BACTERIAL MUTAGENICITY TESTING OF 49 FOOD INGREDIENTS GIVES VERY FEW POSITIVE RESULTS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AMES TEST; FOOD ADDITIVES; FALSE POSITIVES ID SALMONELLA-MICROSOME TEST; SHORT-TERM TESTS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS; GENETIC TOXICITY; 300 CHEMICALS; ASSAY; TYPHIMURIUM; INVITRO; RODENT; ACID AB 49 substances permitted for use in food in the United States were tested for mutagenicity in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay and in Escherichia coli strain WP2. Four of these substances caused increases in revertant counts in S. typhimurium. Two of these four (papain and pepsin) were found to contain histidine, and therefore the results of the tests on these two substances could not be taken as demonstrating mutagenicity. The other two substances causing increases in revertant counts (hydrogen peroxide and potassium nitrite) were mutagenic. The results on one chemical, beta-carotene, were evaluated as inconclusive or questionable. The remaining 44 substances were nonmutagenic in the test systems used. It is concluded that, for those generally physiologically innocuous chemicals tested, there are very few 'false positives' in the bacterial test systems used. C1 SRI INT,MENLO PK,CA 94025. RP PRIVAL, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,GENET TOXICOL BRANCH HFF-166,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. FU PHS HHS [223-77-2118] NR 33 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD AUG PY 1991 VL 260 IS 4 BP 321 EP 329 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(91)90017-G PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GB570 UT WOS:A1991GB57000005 PM 1870621 ER PT J AU GETEK, TA VESTAL, ML VESTAL, CH KORFMACHER, WA MILLER, DW FREEMAN, JP AF GETEK, TA VESTAL, ML VESTAL, CH KORFMACHER, WA MILLER, DW FREEMAN, JP TI UNIQUE THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF 1,4-BENZOQUINONE AND ANALOGS IN AMMONIUM ACETATE SOLUTIONS SO ORGANIC MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB In general, ions corresponding to [M + H]+ and/or [M + NH4]+ are observed in thermospray mass spectrometry (TSMS) when using ammonium acetate in the liquid carrier. For several quinones investigated, unique thermospray mass spectra were detected with a mass spectral peak corresponding to an [M + 16]+ ion being observed in aqueous ammonium acetate solutions. Investigation of 1,4-benzoquinone (BQU) and structurally analogous quinones indicated that amine conjugate formation with BQU and similar quinones was the origin of the unique [M + 16]+ ion in TSMS. When methanol was added to the liquid carrier, ions corresponding to methoxy conjugation were detected. High-performance liquid chromatography followed by TSMS or electrochemical detection gave evidence that this amine and methoxy conjugate formation was occurring in the thermospray source area. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77004. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. VESTEC CORP,HOUSTON,TX 77054. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0030-493X J9 ORG MASS SPECTROM JI Org. Mass Spectrom. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 26 IS 8 BP 697 EP 702 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA FZ739 UT WOS:A1991FZ73900004 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP FLYNN, GL GUY, RH MAIBACH, HI SCHAEFER, H SKELLY, JP WESTER, RC YACOBI, A AF SHAH, VP FLYNN, GL GUY, RH MAIBACH, HI SCHAEFER, H SKELLY, JP WESTER, RC YACOBI, A TI INVIVO PERCUTANEOUS PENETRATION ABSORPTION, WASHINGTON, DC, MAY 1989 SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID SKIN PERMEABILITY; MODEL; BIOAVAILABILITY; METABOLISM; TRANSPORT; MOUSE; DRUGS; FLAP; PIG; RAT C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,COLL PHARM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH PHARM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT DERMATOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS,CTR INT RECH DERMATOL,F-06565 VALBONNE,FRANCE. AMER CYANAMID CO,PEARL RIVER,NY 10965. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Guy, Richard/H-3471-2012; OI Guy, Richard/0000-0003-3227-9862 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 8 IS 8 BP 1071 EP 1075 DI 10.1023/A:1015829729439 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GA166 UT WOS:A1991GA16600021 PM 1924164 ER PT J AU DESOUZA, EB ZACZEK, R CULP, S APPEL, NM CONTRERA, JF AF DESOUZA, EB ZACZEK, R CULP, S APPEL, NM CONTRERA, JF TI COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF REPEATED ORAL VERSUS SUBCUTANEOUS FENFLURAMINE ADMINISTRATION ON RAT-BRAIN MONOAMINE NEURONS - PHARMACOKINETIC AND DOSE-RESPONSE DATA SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE AMPHETAMINE; ANOREXIA; DOPAMINE; CATECHOLAMINES; NEUROTOXICITY; NOREPINEPHRINE; OBESITY; SEROTONIN ID SEROTONERGIC PROJECTIONS; PARA-CHLOROAMPHETAMINE; D-NORFENFLURAMINE; ANORECTIC DRUG; UPTAKE SITES; NEUROTOXICITY; MECHANISMS; TERMINALS; AMPHETAMINES; METABOLITES AB The importance of the route of drug administration (oral vs. subcutaneous) on the neurochemical effects and pharmacokinetics of repeated d,1-fenfluramine administration in rats (1-24 mg/kg b.i.d., i.e., 2-48 mg/kg/day for 4 days) was examined. Overall, comparable dose-dependent alterations in brain monoamine markers were observed following repeated oral (PO) and subcutaneous (SC) administration of fenfluramine. Doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg fenfluramine were without significant effects on the density of H-3-paroxetine-labeled serotonin (5-HT) uptake sites. Higher doses of fenfluramine (4, 12 and 24 mg/kg) produced dose-dependent decreases in 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and 5-HT uptake sites with maximal decreases (80-90%) occurring at the 12 mg/kg dose. Fenfluramine administration produced dose-dependent and biphasic effects on brain dopamine markers with increases in homovanillic acid (HVA) observed at 2 hours, whereas decreases in the levels of dopamine, HVA and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were evident at 18 hours posttreatment. Norepinephrine levels were only decreased at the highest dose of fenfluramine. Significantly higher levels of brain fenfluramine were observed following SC than following PO administration of the drug. On the other hand, comparable levels of its active metabolite norfenfluramine were present in the brain following the two routes of fenfluramine administration. These data suggest that the importance of norefenfluramine levels in the brain in determining the high-dose neurotoxic effects of fenfluramine on brain 5-HT neurons in rats. C1 NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,NEUROBIOL LAB,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. US FDA,CTR DRUGS & BIOL,DIV NEUROPHARMACOL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 39 IS 4 BP 963 EP 969 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90060-F PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GK692 UT WOS:A1991GK69200022 PM 1763116 ER PT J AU WANG, CC TSOU, CL AF WANG, CC TSOU, CL TI THE INSULIN-A AND INSULIN-B CHAINS CONTAIN SUFFICIENT STRUCTURAL INFORMATION TO FORM THE NATIVE MOLECULE SO TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ISOMERASE AB Refolding studies show that native insulin can be reformed from A and B chains only. This suggests that the A and B chains contain the necessary structural information and that the C peptide is not required for this process. C1 ACAD SINICA,INST BIOPHYS,NATL LAB BIOMACROMOLEC,BEIJING 100080,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP WANG, CC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 23 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0968-0004 J9 TRENDS BIOCHEM SCI JI Trends Biochem.Sci. PD AUG PY 1991 VL 16 IS 8 BP 279 EP 281 DI 10.1016/0968-0004(91)90114-B PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GA130 UT WOS:A1991GA13000002 PM 1957347 ER PT J AU GRECO, NJ YAMAMOTO, N JACKSON, BW TANDON, NN MOOS, M JAMIESON, GA AF GRECO, NJ YAMAMOTO, N JACKSON, BW TANDON, NN MOOS, M JAMIESON, GA TI IDENTIFICATION OF A NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING SITE ON GLYCOPROTEIN-IIB - RELATIONSHIP TO ADP-INDUCED PLATELET ACTIVATION SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BLOOD-PLATELETS; INHIBITS ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; 5'-PARA-FLUOROSULFONYLBENZOYL ADENOSINE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RECEPTOR PROTEIN; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; IIIA COMPLEX; SHAPE CHANGE AB Formalin-fixed platelets have been used to study the binding of adenine nucleotides in order to avoid the complications of nucleotide metabolism and to achieve steady-state binding. S(p)-adenosine-5'-(1-thiotriphosphate) (S(p)-ATP-alpha-S) binds to platelets at two sites (K(d1) 3 nm; 31,000 sites/platelet; K(d2) 200 nm; 300,000 sites/ platelet) as compared with values for ADP under these conditions (K(d1) 30 nm; 25,000 sites/platelet and K(d2) 3-mu-m; 400,000 sites/platelet) (bound/total approximately 0.1). Competition binding experiments showed that both of the ATP-alpha-S sites were accessible to ADP and vice versa. [S-35]ATP-alpha-S was photoaffinity cross-linked to unfixed platelets by direct irradiation with ultraviolet light. A single radiolabeled component (120 kDa) was identified and shown to be identical with the alpha subunit of GPIIb based on two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by Western blotting with anti-GPIIb monoclonal antibodies, by isoelectric focusing (pI 4.5-5.5), by immunoaffinity adsorption using monoclonal anti-GPIIb/ IIIa antibodies coupled to Sepharose, and by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Amino-terminal sequencing of a tryptic fragment labeled with [S-35]ATP-alpha-S identified an 18-kDa domain beginning at Tyr-198 in the primary sequence of GPIIb-alpha. These studies demonstrate the presence of an adenine nucleotide-binding site on GPIIb-alpha. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GRECO, NJ (reprint author), AMER RED CROSS,CELL BIOL LAB,15601 CRABBS BRANCH WAY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. RI Moos, Malcolm/F-3673-2011 OI Moos, Malcolm/0000-0002-9575-9938 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL39438] NR 57 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 25 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 21 BP 13627 EP 13633 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FY027 UT WOS:A1991FY02700030 PM 1856198 ER PT J AU LOOKABAUGH, M BISWAS, M KRULL, IS AF LOOKABAUGH, M BISWAS, M KRULL, IS TI QUANTITATION OF INSULIN INJECTION BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; PROTEINS; PEPTIDES AB High-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) was evaluated as a potential technique for the regulatory analysis of commerical dosage forms of insulin. A comparison was made to a liquid chromatographic analysis presently being proposed as an official monograph in the United States Pharmacopeia. The salient points of this comparison were accuracy, precision and ease of use. Both authentic (i.e. single blind, spiked) samples and commercial pharmaceutical formulations (injections) were examined. Chromatographic analyses of both commercial formulations and authentic samples were characterized by good precision, with accuracy being supported by results from authentic (spiked) samples. Conventional HPCE (by which is meant a non-micellar electrolyte used with an uncoated, unmodified fused-silica capillary) achieved reasonable accuracy, but less than impressive precision, when applied to authentic samples. When used for commercial formulations, this type of HPCE did not produce a level of accuracy suitable for regulatory purposes, even with the use of an internal standard. C1 MILLIGEN,BURLINGTON,MA 01803. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BOSTON,MA 02115. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BARNETT INST,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP LOOKABAUGH, M (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 16 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JUL 19 PY 1991 VL 549 IS 1-2 BP 357 EP 366 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)91446-8 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FZ550 UT WOS:A1991FZ55000032 PM 1770083 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI DRUG PROMOTION AND SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGE - THE ROLE OF THE CLINICAL INVESTIGATOR SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 18 PY 1991 VL 325 IS 3 BP 201 EP 203 DI 10.1056/NEJM199107183250310 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FW752 UT WOS:A1991FW75200010 PM 2052064 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, TL HSU, H DONEGAN, E FEINSTONE, S GREENBERG, H READ, A ASCHER, NL ROBERTS, JP LAKE, JR AF WRIGHT, TL HSU, H DONEGAN, E FEINSTONE, S GREENBERG, H READ, A ASCHER, NL ROBERTS, JP LAKE, JR TI HEPATITIS-C VIRUS NOT FOUND IN FULMINANT NON-A, NON-B HEPATITIS SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Note ID FAILURE C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. US FDA,HEPATITIS RES LAB,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94102. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP WRIGHT, TL (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GASTROENTEROL UNIT,111B,4150 CLEMENT ST,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-26743] NR 7 TC 130 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 15 PY 1991 VL 115 IS 2 BP 111 EP 112 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FW091 UT WOS:A1991FW09100006 PM 1647717 ER PT J AU MORRIS, DI ROBBINS, JD RUOHO, AE SUTKOWSKI, EM SEAMON, KB AF MORRIS, DI ROBBINS, JD RUOHO, AE SUTKOWSKI, EM SEAMON, KB TI FORSKOLIN PHOTOAFFINITY LABELS WITH SPECIFICITY FOR ADENYLYL CYCLASE AND THE GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ERYTHROCYTE HEXOSE TRANSPORTER; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; H-3 FORSKOLIN; MONOSACCHARIDE TRANSPORTER; RAT ADIPOCYTES; CYTOCHALASIN-B; ANALOGS; BINDING; CAMP; DESENSITIZATION AB Two photolabels, N-(3-(4-azido-3-I-125--phenyl)propionamide)-6-aminoethylcarbamylforskolin (I-125-6-AIPP-Fsk) and N-(3-(4-azido-3-I-125-phenyl)propionamide)7-aminoethylcarbamyl-7-desacetylforskolin (I-125-7-AIPP-Fsk) were synthesized with specific activities of 2200 Ci/mmol and used to label adenylyl cyclase and the glucose transporter. The affinities of the photolabels for adenylyl cyclase were determined by their inhibition of [H-3]forskolin binding to bovine brain membranes. 6-AIPP-Fsk and 7-AIPP-Fsk inhibited [H-3]forskolin binding with IC50 values of 15 nM and 200 nM, respectively. I-125-6-AIPP-Fsk labeled a 115-kDa protein in control and GTP-gamma-S-preactivated bovine brain membranes. This labeling was inhibited by forskolin but not by 1,9-dideoxyforskolin or cytochalasin B. I-125-6-AIPP-Fsk labeling of partially purified adenylyl cyclase was inhibited by forskolin but not by 1,9-dideoxyforskolin. I-125-7-AIPP-Fsk specifically labeled a 45-kDa protein and not a 115-kDa protein in control and GTP-gamma-S-preactivated brain membranes. This labeling was inhibited by forskolin, 1,9-dideoxyforskolin, cytochalasin B, and D-glucose but not cytochalasin E or L-glucose. Human erythrocyte membranes were photolyzed with I-125-6-AIPP-Fsk and I-125-7-AIPP-Fsk. I-125-7-AIPP-Fsk, but not I-125-6-AIPP-Fsk, strongly labeled a broad 45-70-kDa band. Forskolin, 7-bromoacetyl-7-desacetylforskolin, 1,9-dideoxyforskolin, cytochalasin B, and D-glucose, but not cytochalasin E or L-glucose, inhibited I-125-7-AIPP-Fsk labeling of the 45-70-kDa band. I-125-6-AIPP-Fsk and I-125-7-AIPP-Fsk are high affinity photolabels with specificity for adenylyl cyclase and the glucose transporter, respectively. C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, DEPT PHARMACOL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM33138] NR 52 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 20 BP 13377 EP 13384 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FX132 UT WOS:A1991FX13200090 PM 2071608 ER PT J AU HENKIN, J DUDLAK, D BEEBE, DP SENNELLO, L AF HENKIN, J DUDLAK, D BEEBE, DP SENNELLO, L TI HIGH SIALIC-ACID CONTENT SLOWS PROUROKINASE TURNOVER IN RABBITS SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE UROKINASE; PROUROKINASE; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; PHARMACOKINETICS; SIALIC ACID ID TISSUE PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PRO-UROKINASE; RECEPTORS; RAT; SPECIFICITY; PROENZYME; BINDING; LIVER; CELLS AB The clearance of natural and recombinant prourokinase (proUK) from the blood of rabbits was studied by means of a double-isotope method which allowed the differential removal of two distinct proUK species to be monitored when simultaneously administered to an individual animal. In initial experiments, proUK expressed in different cell lines contained between 0 and 2.5 molecules of sialic acid per molecule of protein. A slight trend toward slower clearance of proUK with higher sialic acid content was observed but rate differences were not statistically significant. Recombinant proUK produced in CHO cells grown in flow reactors, contained unusually high levels of sialic acid in excess of 3 moles/mole protein. Controlled exposure to immobilized neuraminidase was used to remove sialic acid from this protein in defined amounts. The clearance of the parent material was biphasic with average alpha and beta half-lives of 1.7 min and 16.7 min respectively. The AUC of the parent material was only slightly lowered upon removal of 30% of the original sialic acid. Species with 60% or 90% removal of sialate were much more rapidly cleared from the circulation respectively yielding AUCs equal to 56% and 41% of that observed with the parent material. Thus proUK containing 2.5-3.5 sialic acid molecules per molecule of protein turned over significantly more slowly in rabbits than did less sialylated proUK. The clearance rate was relatively insensitive to sialic acid content between 0 and 1.5 sialic acid residues per proUK molecule. C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, BETHESDA, MD 20014 USA. RP HENKIN, J (reprint author), ABBOTT LABS, ABBOTT PK, IL 60064 USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PD JUL 15 PY 1991 VL 63 IS 2 BP 215 EP 225 DI 10.1016/0049-3848(91)90285-5 PG 11 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA FZ369 UT WOS:A1991FZ36900002 PM 1771627 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW THERAPY FOR CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 10 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 2 BP 190 EP 190 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FU896 UT WOS:A1991FU89600004 PM 1711593 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI POSSIBILITY OF YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA BACTEREMIA DUE TO TRANSFUSION SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 10 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 2 BP 190 EP 190 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FU896 UT WOS:A1991FU89600005 PM 1711593 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI IMPRINTING OF ORAL SOLID DOSAGE FORM-DRUG PRODUCTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 10 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 2 BP 190 EP 190 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FU896 UT WOS:A1991FU89600003 PM 1711593 ER PT J AU MEYER, GF AF MEYER, GF TI NEW DRUG APPLICATIONS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP MEYER, GF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 5 PY 1991 VL 253 IS 5015 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FV177 UT WOS:A1991FV17700005 ER PT J AU PURI, J PIERCE, JH HOFFMAN, T AF PURI, J PIERCE, JH HOFFMAN, T TI SELECTIVE-INHIBITION OF PGE2 PRODUCTION IN CELLS TRANSFECTED WITH C-FMS ENCODED CSF-1 RECEPTOR GENES BY THE TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR, ST638 SO AGENTS AND ACTIONS LA English DT Article ID 4-HYDROXYCINNAMAMIDE DERIVATIVES AB In this study, we investigated the effect of ST638, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on TPA and ionomycin-stimulated PGE2 production after transfection of c-fms encoded CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) DNA (with or without transforming activity) into the myeloid progenitor cell line, 32D. ST638 inhibited prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production induced after transfection of normal c-fms into 32D cell line, but failed to inhibit PGE2 production induced in 32D cells transformed with c-fms containing a point mutation at tyrosine 969 in the intracellular domain (substitution with phenylalanine) and at leucine 301 in the extracellular domain (substitution with serine). The selective effect on PGE2 production in normal c-fms-bearing cells by ST638 may indicate the presence of different induction pathways, one sensitive to ST638 and the other not. Alternatively, the phosphorylation site at tyr969 in c-fms may be a site of ST638 action, and upon its removal from the transforming c-fms, ST638 loses its inhibitory effect. C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. NCI,CELL & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PURI, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,CELL BIOL LAB,HFB-420,BLDG 29,ROOM 223,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA PO BOX 133 KLOSTERBERG 23, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0065-4299 J9 AGENTS ACTIONS JI Agents Actions PD JUL PY 1991 VL 33 IS 3-4 BP 314 EP 317 DI 10.1007/BF01986579 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FX802 UT WOS:A1991FX80200014 PM 1950818 ER PT J AU DANFORD, DE HUBBARD, VS COMBS, GF HALL, CA LARSEN, LA SCHNAKENBERG, DD AF DANFORD, DE HUBBARD, VS COMBS, GF HALL, CA LARSEN, LA SCHNAKENBERG, DD TI REPORT ON THE 4TH CONFERENCE FOR FEDERALLY SUPPORTED HUMAN-NUTRITION RESEARCH UNITS AND CENTERS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material AB The Fourth Conference for Federally Supported Human Nutrition Research Units and Centers, sponsored by the Interagency Committee on Human Nutrition Research, addressed two topics: nutrition and function, and nutrient interactions and toxicities. This article summarizes the conference's introductory remarks and the contents of the 34 papers presented. Future meetings of federally supported nutrition research units and centers will focus on other human nutrition research topics and will be held biennially. C1 NIDDK,NUTR SCI BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,NATL PROGRAM STAFF,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. DEPT VET AFFAIRS,NUTR LAB CLIN ASSESSMENT & RES,ALBANY,NY. US FDA,PROGRAM DEV,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US DEPT DEF,OFF ASSISTANT SURG GEN RES & DEV,FALLS CHURCH,VA. RP DANFORD, DE (reprint author), NIDDK,DIV NUTR RES COORDINAT,BLDG 31,ROOM 4B63,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLIN NUTRITION INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 54 IS 1 BP 164 EP 168 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA FU358 UT WOS:A1991FU35800027 PM 2058579 ER PT J AU TURTURRO, A HART, RW AF TURTURRO, A HART, RW TI LONGEVITY-ASSURANCE MECHANISMS AND CALORIC RESTRICTION SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID DIETARY RESTRICTION; DNA-REPAIR; LIFE; AGE; RAT RP TURTURRO, A (reprint author), US PHS, NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 1991 VL 621 BP 363 EP 372 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FZ453 UT WOS:A1991FZ45300028 ER PT J AU THAKKER, DR BOEHLERT, C LEVIN, W RYAN, DE THOMAS, PE YAGI, H JERINA, DM AF THAKKER, DR BOEHLERT, C LEVIN, W RYAN, DE THOMAS, PE YAGI, H JERINA, DM TI NOVEL STEREOSELECTIVITY OF RAT-LIVER CYTOCHROME(S)-P450 TOWARD ENANTIOMERS OF THE TRANS-1,2-DIHYDRODIOL OF TRIPHENYLENE SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; RING DIOL EPOXIDES; CYTOCHROME-P-450 ISOZYMES; ANTHRACENE 1,2-OXIDES; ORTHO-QUINONES; PURIFICATION; NAPHTHALENE; MICROSOMES; HYDROLASE C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,DEPT PROT BIOCHEM,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. NIDDKD,BIOORGAN CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP THAKKER, DR (reprint author), GLAXO INC,RES INST,DEPT DRUG METAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 288 IS 1 BP 54 EP 63 DI 10.1016/0003-9861(91)90164-E PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA FQ165 UT WOS:A1991FQ16500008 PM 1898024 ER PT J AU OKUBO, M VILLARPALASI, C NAGASAKA, Y LARNER, J LARNER, AC BAI, G LEE, EYC AF OKUBO, M VILLARPALASI, C NAGASAKA, Y LARNER, J LARNER, AC BAI, G LEE, EYC TI LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF INSULIN ON THE ENZYME-ACTIVITY AND MESSENGER-RNA OF GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE IN RAT HEPATOMA H4 CELLS - AN EFFECT OF INSULIN ON GLYCOGEN-SYNTHASE MESSENGER-RNA STABILITY SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; DIABETIC RATS; LIVER; ACCUMULATION; METABOLISM C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22908. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,MIAMI,FL 33152. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK14334, DK38942] NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 288 IS 1 BP 126 EP 130 DI 10.1016/0003-9861(91)90173-G PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA FQ165 UT WOS:A1991FQ16500017 PM 1910304 ER PT J AU SKELLY, JP SHAH, VP PECK, CC AF SKELLY, JP SHAH, VP PECK, CC TI TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROID-INDUCED SKIN BLANCHING MEASUREMENT - EYE OR INSTRUMENT - REPLY SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID GLUCOCORTICOIDS RP SKELLY, JP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 127 IS 7 BP 1065 EP 1065 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA FW298 UT WOS:A1991FW29800025 ER PT J AU WEISMAN, MH FURST, DE PAULUS, HE AF WEISMAN, MH FURST, DE PAULUS, HE TI FDA ARTHRITIS ADVISORY-COMMITTEE MEETING - ANALGESICS GUIDELINES - TOPICAL NSAIDS - EXTRACORPOREAL PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY IN SCLERODERMA SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,ARTHRITIS ADVISORY COMM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,ROBERT WOODS JOHNSON MED SCH,DEPT MED RHEUMATOL,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP WEISMAN, MH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,MED CTR,DIV INTERNAL MED 2,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103, USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 34 IS 7 BP 931 EP 932 DI 10.1002/art.1780340724 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA FV530 UT WOS:A1991FV53000022 ER PT J AU HOLAK, W SPECCHIO, JJ AF HOLAK, W SPECCHIO, JJ TI DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ARSENIC, AS(III) AND AS(V), IN FOODS BY ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY SO ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article AB There are many methods for the determination of total arsenic in foods. Little data, however, are available on the arsenic species in these products. Since the toxicity of an element may depend on the valence or the chemical form, information about these parameters is very important. We have developed simplified methods to determine total arsenic, As(III) and As(V) in foods using hydride atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The sample preparation procedures involve solubilization of total arsenic by digesting with sulfuric, nitric, and perchloric acids. As(III) is extracted from the sample into chloroform as chloride, and then back-extracted into the aqueous phase. As(V) is similarly extracted after reduction to As(III). A variety of samples have been analyzed by the proposed method. RP HOLAK, W (reprint author), US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,850 3RD AVE,BROOKLYN,NY 11232, USA. NR 0 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERKIN-ELMER CORP PI NORWALK PA 761 MAIN AVE, NORWALK, CT 06859-0105 SN 0195-5373 J9 ATOM SPECTROSC JI Atom. Spectrosc. PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 12 IS 4 BP 105 EP 108 PG 4 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA GF332 UT WOS:A1991GF33200002 ER PT J AU BEEBE, DP WOOD, LL AF BEEBE, DP WOOD, LL TI A COLLABORATIVE STUDY TO ESTABLISH A UNITED-STATES REFERENCE FOR TISSUE PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR (T-PA) SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article RP BEEBE, DP (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BLOOD PROD,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD JUL PY 1991 VL 19 IS 3 BP 229 EP 232 DI 10.1016/1045-1056(91)90040-Q PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GG179 UT WOS:A1991GG17900011 PM 1954004 ER PT J AU TEWARI, YB GOLDBERG, RN ADVANI, JV AF TEWARI, YB GOLDBERG, RN ADVANI, JV TI THERMODYNAMICS OF THE DISPROPORTIONATION OF ADENOSINE 5'-DIPHOSPHATE TO ADENOSINE 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE AND ADENOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE .2. EXPERIMENTAL-DATA SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS; ADENOSINE 5'-DIPHOSPHATE; ADENOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE; ADENOSINE 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE; ADENYLATE KINASE; ENTHALPY; ENZYME CATALYZED REACTIONS; ENTROPY; EQUILIBRIUM; GIBBS ENERGY; HEAT CAPACITY; THERMODYNAMICS ID FREE MG2+; MAGNESIUM; EQUILIBRIUM AB High-pressure liquid-chromatography and microcalorimetry have been used to determine equilibrium constants and enthalpies of reaction for the disproportionation reaction of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) to adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP). Adenylate kinase was used to catalyze this reaction. The measurements were carried out over the temperature range 286 to 311 K, at ionic strengths varying from 0.06 to 0.33 mol kg-1, over the pH range 6.04 to 8.87, and over the pMg range 2.22 to 7.16, where pMg = -log a(Mg2+). The equilibrium model developed by Goldberg and Tewari (see the previous paper in this issue) was used for the analysis of the measurements. Thus, for the reference reaction: 2 ADP3- (ao) reversible AMP2- (ao) + ATP4- (ao), K-degrees = 0.225 +/- 0.010, DELTA-G-degrees = 3.70 +/- 0.11 kJ mol-1, DELTA-H-degrees = -1.5 +/- 1.5 kJ mol-1, DELTA-S-degrees = -17 +/- 5 J mol-1 K-1, and DELTA-C(p)-degrees almost-equal-to -46 J mol-1 K-1 at 298.15 K and 0.1 MPa. These results and the thermodynamic parameters for the auxiliary equilibria in solution have been used to model the thermodynamics of the disproportionation reaction over a wide range of temperature, pH, ionic strength, and magnesium ion molality. Under approximately physiological conditions (311.15 K, pH 6.94, [Mg2+] = 1.35 x 10(-3) mol kg-1, and I = 0.23 mol kg-1) the apparent equilibrium constant (K'(A) = m(SIGMA-AMP)m(SIGMA-ATP)/[m(SIGMA-ADP)]2) for the overall disproportionation reaction is equal to 0.93 +/- 0.02. Thermodynamic data on the disproportionation reaction and literature values for this apparent equilibrium constant in human red blood cells are used to calculate a molality of 1.94 x 10(-4) mol kg-1 for free magnesium ion in human red blood cells. The results are also discussed in relation to thermochemical cycles and compared with data on the hydrolysis of the guanosine phosphates. C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP TEWARI, YB (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CHEM THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4622 J9 BIOPHYS CHEM JI Biophys. Chem. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 40 IS 3 BP 263 EP 276 DI 10.1016/0301-4622(91)80025-M PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA FX927 UT WOS:A1991FX92700005 PM 17014782 ER PT J AU LITTLEFIELD, NA HASS, BS MCGARRITY, LJ MORRIS, SM AF LITTLEFIELD, NA HASS, BS MCGARRITY, LJ MORRIS, SM TI EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM ON THE GROWTH AND CELL-CYCLE OF TRANSFORMED AND NONTRANSFORMED EPITHELIAL RAT-LIVER CELLS-INVITRO SO CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MAGNESIUM; FLOW CYTOMETRY; TRANSFORMED EPITHELIAL CELLS ID ANIMAL-CELLS; MULTIPLICATION; 3T3-CELLS; NUTRIENT; CALCIUM; DNA AB The effects of magnesium (Mg) restriction on cell growth and the cell cycle were determined in transformed (TRL-8) and non-transformed (TRL-12-15) epithelial-like rat liver cells. Cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium in which the Mg concentration was reduced to 0.5, 0.1, and 0 x the concentration in the regular RPMI 1640 media (100mg/l). Cell growth in the transformed cells was not influenced by the Mg restriction as greatly as in the non-transformed cell line. Transit through the cell cycle also exhibited an independence of the Mg in the medium in the transformed cells. When transformed cells were grown for two generations in Mg-limited medium, the growth rate slowed to a rate similar to that demonstrated by the non-transformed cells. Analysis by flow cytometry showed that transit through the cell cycle was minimally slowed in Mg deficient transformed cells; however, transit through the G1 and S phases in the non-transformed cells was slowed. The TRL-8 cells in Mg-limited medium resulted in fewer nuclei in G1 with subsequent increases in the percentages of S-phase nuclei. The TRL 12-15 cells reacted oppositely with the number of G1 nuclei increased and the number of S-phase nuclei decreased. In respect to growth, these results show that epithelial cells respond in a similar manner to Mg-limitation as do fibroblast cells. The transformed cells exhibited a level of independence from Mg in respect to growth, reproduction, and cell-cycle kinetics. RP LITTLEFIELD, NA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,HFT-140,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0742-2091 J9 CELL BIOL TOXICOL JI Cell Biol. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 7 IS 3 BP 203 EP 214 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Toxicology SC Cell Biology; Toxicology GA GE204 UT WOS:A1991GE20400001 PM 1933512 ER PT J AU AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE MORRIS, SM KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA AF AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE MORRIS, SM KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA TI COMPARATIVE-STUDY OF INTRACELLULAR GLUTATHIONE CONTENT IN RAT LYMPHOCYTE-CULTURES TREATED WITH 2-MERCAPTOETHANOL AND INTERLEUKIN-2 SO CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RAT LYMPHOCYTES; PHA-STIMULATION; INTERLEUKIN-2; INTRACELLULAR GLUTATHIONE; DNA SYNTHESIS ID ALLOWS INVIVO INDUCTION; TOXIC T-CELLS; NU-NU MICE; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; MITOGENIC RESPONSE; CYTO-TOXICITY; TAC ANTIGEN; ACTIVATION; PROLIFERATION; MODULATION AB The level of intracellular glutathione (GSH) in mitogen-stimulated mouse lymphocytes is increased in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), an enhancer of lymphocyte activation and proliferation. Since proliferation of lymphocytes in response to mitogens involves direct activation by a mitogen followed by continued proliferation in response to interleukin-2 (IL-2), we have investigated the effect of 2-ME and exogenous IL-2 on the GSH content and cell proliferation of rat lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). PHA stimulation increased both GSH content and the magnitude of the proliferative response, as measured by thymidine incorporation into cellular DNA. However, incubation of stimulated lymphocytes with 2-ME or IL-2 for 72 hr produced a significant further elevation of GSH levels and thymidine incorporation. 2-ME also increased the GSH content in unstimulated cultures, but it had little effect on thymidine incorporation. IL-2 increased GSH content and decreased thymidine incorporation in unstimulated lymphocytes. Exposure of cells to DL-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (bso), an inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis, significantly depleted GSH and lowered the proliferative response, suggesting a crucial role of de novo GSH synthesis for lymphocyte activation. The data suggest that both 2-ME and IL-2 promote lymphocyte proliferation, although the mechanisms by which intracellular GSH levels are increased by the agents are apparently different. RP AIDOO, A (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DGT,HFT-120,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0742-2091 J9 CELL BIOL TOXICOL JI Cell Biol. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 7 IS 3 BP 215 EP 227 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Toxicology SC Cell Biology; Toxicology GA GE204 UT WOS:A1991GE20400002 PM 1933513 ER PT J AU MACLEOD, MC STEWART, E DAYLONG, A LEW, LK EVANS, FE AF MACLEOD, MC STEWART, E DAYLONG, A LEW, LK EVANS, FE TI REACTION OF A CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENT, 6-MERCAPTOPURINE, WITH A DIRECT-ACTING, ELECTROPHILIC CARCINOGEN, BENZO[A]PYRENE-7,8-DIOL 9,10-EPOXIDE SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIOL-EPOXIDES; COVALENT BINDING; ULTIMATE CARCINOGEN; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DNA; BENZO(A)PYRENE; INHIBITION; ACID; HYDROLYSIS AB The chemotherapeutic agent 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) has been shown to react covalently with the ultimate carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene, 7-r,8-t-dihydroxy-9-t,10-t-oxy-7, 8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), in aqueous solution, forming a single adduct. NMR studies of the HPLC-purified product were consistent with its identification as 10(S)-(6'-mercaptopurinyl)-7, 8,9-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene. Reaction kinetics were analyzed by using both HPLC separation of the products formed and a spectrophotometric assay for adduct formation. A simple model in which direct reaction between 6-MP and BPDE takes place without formation of a physical complex was found to adequately predict the dependence of product ratios on 6-MP concentration. Variations in the observed rate constant for this reaction with changes in temperature, pH, and buffer concentration were determined and compared to the effects of these variables on the observed rate constant for BPDE hydrolysis. In each case, the processes were affected quite differently, suggesting that different rate-determining steps are involved. The data suggest that the reaction mechanism involves S(N)2 attack of the anion of 6-MP, formed by ionization of the sulfhydryl group, on carbon 10 of BPDE, resulting in a trans-9,10 reaction product. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DEPT BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MACLEOD, MC (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT CARCINOGENESIS,DIV RES,SCI PK,BOX 389,SMITHVILLE,TX 78957, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-03602] NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 4 IS 4 BP 453 EP 462 DI 10.1021/tx00022a009 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA FX149 UT WOS:A1991FX14900009 PM 1912333 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SL AF MORRIS, SL TI ANTIGENS OF THE MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM, MYCOBACTERIUM-INTRACELLULARE COMPLEX SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM-INTRACELLULARE; MAC COMPLEX-GLYCOPEPTIDOLIPIDS AB In the past decade, the clinical significance of the Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare complex (MAC) has increased dramatically primarily because of the association between the MAC and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Recent hospital reports have suggested that about one-half of AIDS patients in the United States are infected with the MAC. The resulting mycobacteremia is a primary cause of mortality in 5-10% of these patients. This increased clinical importance of the MAC has generated renewed interest in MAC immunobiology. In this review, recent immunological and biochemical characterizations of four classes of dominant mycobacterial antigens - glycopeptidolipids, arabinogalactan, lipoarabinomannan and MAC proteins - is examined. In addition, future prospects for improved diagnosis of MAC disease using defined monospecific antigens is discussed. RP MORRIS, SL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MYCOBACTERIA & CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-2990 J9 EUR J EPIDEMIOL JI Eur. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 7 IS 4 BP 328 EP 338 DI 10.1007/BF00144996 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA FX973 UT WOS:A1991FX97300003 PM 1915784 ER PT J AU VANSEVENTER, GA SHIMIZU, Y HORGAN, KJ LUCE, GEG WEBB, D SHAW, S AF VANSEVENTER, GA SHIMIZU, Y HORGAN, KJ LUCE, GEG WEBB, D SHAW, S TI REMOTE T-CELL CO-STIMULATION VIA LFA-1/ICAM-1 AND CD2/LFA-3 - DEMONSTRATION WITH IMMOBILIZED LIGAND/MAB AND IMPLICATION IN MONOCYTE-MEDIATED CO-STIMULATION SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; ADHESION MOLECULE-1 ICAM-1; B-CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; RECEPTOR OCCUPANCY; ACCESSORY CELLS; LYMPHOCYTES-T; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; ACTIVATION; CD2 AB Proliferative response of resting T cells generally requires not only cross-linking of the Tcell receptor (TcR) but also co-stimulatory signals from accessory molecules. We here have used a "three-cell" model consisting of: (a) resting human CD4+ T cells as responders; (b) CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) OKT3 on latex beads as surrogate stimulators; (c) autologous monocytes as source of co-stimulation. As described by Kawakami et al. (J. Immunol. 1989. 142: 1818), T cell proliferation in this system is observed with paraformaldehyde-fixed monocytes if they have been activated and interleukin (IL) 1-beta/IL 6 is supplied. Since this three-cell system provides TcR cross-linking at a site spatially "remote" from co-stimulation, they help distinguish adhesion from signal transduction but the molecules that mediate co-stimulation in this system have not been identified. Our studies now demonstrate that co-stimulation by the monocytes is dependent on each of two receptor/ligand pathways CD2/LFA-3 and LFA-1/ICAM-1 since it is inhibited by each relevant mAb but not a variety of control mAb. The hypotheses that CD2 and LFA-1 could each mediate co-stimulation was tested in simplified model systems in which the monocyte was replaced with immobilized CD2 mAb or purified ICAM-1 presented on a separate surface from the CD3 mAb. The results in these simplified models demonstrate that on resting T cells either CD2 or LFA-1 molecules alone can mediate "remote" co-stimulation unlike most other T cell surface molecules. Co-stimulation requires IL 1-beta/IL6 both in thw weaker LFA-1 ligand-mediated co-stimulation and at lower CD2 mAb concentrations in the stronger CD2 mAb-mediated co-stimulation. Thus: (a) the accessory cell function of stimulated fixed monocytes in T cell proliferation requires both the LFA-1/ICAM-1 and CD2/LFA-3 pathways; and (b) the T cell molecules CD2 and LFA-1 can give co-stimulatory signals that can act in a "remote" fashion. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48104. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20205. RP VANSEVENTER, GA (reprint author), NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Shimizu, Yoji/0000-0001-9760-0288 NR 61 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 1 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 21 IS 7 BP 1711 EP 1718 DI 10.1002/eji.1830210719 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FW387 UT WOS:A1991FW38700018 PM 1711977 ER PT J AU RUHL, S FELDMAN, GM FINBLOOM, DS PLUZNIK, DH AF RUHL, S FELDMAN, GM FINBLOOM, DS PLUZNIK, DH TI REGULATION OF INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTOR EXPRESSION ON PRIMITIVE AND MATURE MYELOID CELLS BY THE HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH-FACTOR INTERLEUKIN-6 SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 19 IS 6 BP 488 EP 488 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FQ310 UT WOS:A1991FQ31000116 ER PT J AU AKAHANE, K COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH AF AKAHANE, K COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH TI POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL STABILIZATION OF GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) MESSENGER-RNA IN MURINE LYMPHOCYTES-B IS INDUCED BY B-CELL MITOGENS SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 19 IS 6 BP 503 EP 503 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FQ310 UT WOS:A1991FQ31000175 ER PT J AU IWAI, Y COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH AF IWAI, Y COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH TI IDENTIFICATION OF SEQUENCES IN THE 3' UNTRANSLATED REGION (3'UTR) OF THE MURINE GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR (GM-CSF) MESSENGER-RNA WHICH ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR PHORBOL ESTER (TPA) INDUCED MESSENGER-RNA STABILIZATION SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 19 IS 6 BP 503 EP 503 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FQ310 UT WOS:A1991FQ31000174 ER PT J AU MYERS, BA HATHCOCK, J SHIEKH, N ROEBUCK, BD AF MYERS, BA HATHCOCK, J SHIEKH, N ROEBUCK, BD TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY SOYA BEAN TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR CONCENTRATE ON INITIATION AND GROWTH OF PUTATIVE PRENEOPLASTIC LESIONS IN THE PANCREAS OF THE RAT SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AZASERINE; FOCI; FLOUR; CARCINOGENESIS; PROTEIN; PROMOTION; ISOLATE; CANCER AB Two studies evaluated the effects of soya bean trypsin inhibitor concentrate (STIC) on early stages of pancreatic carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. In experiment 1, the effects of a 3-month administration of diets containing 3.7% STIC were compared with the effects of administration of diets containing 20% corn oil, in rats pretreated with a single azaserine injection sufficient to initiate putative preneoplastic atypical acinar cell foci. Experiment 2 investigated the capacity of STIC to initiate pancreatic carcinogenesis. Diets containing 3.7% STIC were fed for 4 wk, then diets containing either 5 or 20% corn oil were fed for 3 months. Pancreases were quantitatively evaluated for foci. All groups of azaserine-initiated rats had large numbers of atypical acinar cell foci per cm3 of pancreas. Of these, the group fed 3.7% STIC had pancreatic foci that occupied a significantly greater (P < 0.01) percentage volume of pancreas than did groups fed 20% corn oil or control diets, which contained 5% corn oil and no added trypsin inhibitor. Very few or no foci were observed in all other groups of either experiment 1 or 2. STIC had a much greater effect on the growth of azaserine-induced lesions than did corn oil. STIC alone did not appear to initiate pancreatic lesions. C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,DIV PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. DARTMOUTH COLL,HITCHCOCK MED CTR,DARTMOUTH MED SCH,DEPT DERMATOL & VENEREOL,HANOVER,NH 03756. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 29 IS 7 BP 437 EP 443 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90088-O PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA GH831 UT WOS:A1991GH83100002 PM 1894210 ER PT J AU WELDER, AA GRANT, R KUTSCHKE, RL ANTHONY, M BRADLAW, J ACOSTA, D AF WELDER, AA GRANT, R KUTSCHKE, RL ANTHONY, M BRADLAW, J ACOSTA, D TI EFFECTS OF MATERNAL CALORIE-RESTRICTED DIET ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE FETAL HEART, AS EVALUATED IN PRIMARY CULTURES OF RAT MYOCARDIAL-CELLS SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYMPATHETIC-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; LOW CARBOHYDRATE DIETS; TRAINED PREGNANT RATS; ETHANOL TOXICITY; WEIGHT-REDUCTION; SUDDEN-DEATH; QT INTERVAL; PROTEIN; OBESITY; GROWTH AB Very-low-calorie diets have been implicated in causing ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Furthermore, studies indicate that maternal carbohydrate-restricted diets consumed during pregnancy and lactation reduce foetal growth, parturition and postnatal survival of rat pups. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on a semi-purified full-calorie or 50% carbohydrate-calorie-restricted diet throughout pregnancy. The function and integrity of myocardial cell cultures obtained from 3-5-day-old offspring from both groups of dams were evaluated after a drug-induced toxic challenge. After the myocytes had been in culture for 4 days, they were exposed to various concentrations of amitriptyline (1 x 10(-3) to 1 x 10(-5) M). Morphology, beating activity, lactate dehydrogenase release, glucose utilization, beta-adrenergic receptor [I-125]iodopindolol binding, and cellular adenosine triphosphate content were evaluated for 24 hr after drug exposure. There were no significant differences in morphology, beating activity or glucose utilization between the full-calorie and calorie-restricted groups. When compared with the full-calorie group, lactate dehydrogenase release from the calorie-restricted group was significantly lower at 8 hr for the untreated controls and those cells exposed to 1 x 10(-4) and 1 x 10(-5) M-amitriptyline. Adenosine triphosphate levels were lower in untreated controls from the calorie-restricted group when compared with the full-calorie group at 4 hr. Within the calorie-restricted group, those cultures exposed to 1 x 10(-4) M-amitriptyline had significantly depressed adenosine triphosphate levels after 8 hr of drug treatment when compared with their respective untreated controls. Finally, the calorie-restricted group had significantly increased binding affinities of beta-receptors. Thus, maternal consumption of calorie-restricted diets during pregnancy may affect the myocardial functional capacity and integrity of the offspring. C1 UNIV TEXAS,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV TEXAS,COLL HUMAN ECOL,DEPT NUTR,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,COLL PHARM,DIV MED CHEM & PHARMACODYNAM,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. FU PHS HHS [223-86-2109] NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 29 IS 7 BP 445 EP 452 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90089-P PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA GH831 UT WOS:A1991GH83100003 PM 1654297 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, CD AF ROBERTS, CD TI STATISTICAL-MODEL IN TESTS FOR EYE IRRITANTS SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A test used to classify substances for eye irritancy, as required by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, is performed on 1-3 groups of 6 albino rabbits in a sequential manner. When the statistical implications of the test are realized, it is possible for a substance to be classified as an irritant with fewer reactions than the number required for it to be classified as not an irritant. A procedure is given for correcting the inconsistency in the current test, and an alternative test, which considerably reduces the number of animals required, is proposed. Probability models and expected sample size calculations have been derived. RP ROBERTS, CD (reprint author), CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MATH,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 29 IS 7 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90092-L PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA GH831 UT WOS:A1991GH83100006 PM 1894212 ER PT J AU LEVY, AS FEIN, SB SCHUCKER, RE AF LEVY, AS FEIN, SB SCHUCKER, RE TI NUTRITION LABELING FORMATS - PERFORMANCE AND PREFERENCE SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP LEVY, AS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 45 IS 7 BP 116 EP 121 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA FX329 UT WOS:A1991FX32900016 ER PT J AU ARROWSMITH, JB GERSTMAN, BB FLEISCHER, DE BENJAMIN, SB AF ARROWSMITH, JB GERSTMAN, BB FLEISCHER, DE BENJAMIN, SB TI RESULTS FROM THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY UNITED-STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION COLLABORATIVE STUDY ON COMPLICATION RATES AND DRUG-USE DURING GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID GASTROSTOMY AB We used data from the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy's computer-based management system to compare the rates of serious cardiorespiratory complications and death associated with the use of midazolam and diazepam. Data were analyzed from 21,011 procedures. Midazolam was used in 15,061 of these procedures, diazepam in 4,302, and neither in 1,648. We assessed benzodiazepine dose, concomitant drug administration, type of procedure, and selected patient characteristics in each of these three groups. No significant difference between these three groups were noted other than the fact that certain clinical centers tended to exclusively use midazolam, whereas others used both benzodiazepines. Reports of serious cardiorespiratory complications and death were uncommon, occurring in 5.4 and 0.3 per thousand procedures, respectively. Midazolam did not seem to place patients in this sample at greater risk for cardiorespiratory complications than diazepam. Concomitant use of narcotics and urgent and emergent procedures, however, did increase the risk of serious cardiorespiratory events. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL,3800 RESERVOIR RD,RM M 2118,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 11 TC 347 Z9 348 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 37 IS 4 BP 421 EP 427 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(91)70773-6 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA FZ995 UT WOS:A1991FZ99500001 PM 1833259 ER PT J AU CRISTIANO, K DIBISCEGLIE, AM HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM AF CRISTIANO, K DIBISCEGLIE, AM HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM TI HEPATITIS-C VIRAL-RNA IN SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-A, NON-B HEPATITIS - DETECTION BY THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION USING MULTIPLE PRIMER SETS SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; CHIMPANZEES; INACTIVATION; GENOME; AGENT AB The recently introduced antibody test for hepatitis C virus infection has already proved to be valuable in many situations such as screening blood donors and diagnosing chronically infected patients, but this antibody assay has certain limitations. Hepatitis C virus itself is usually present in clinical specimens at very low titers; therefore a useful assay for the virus must have very high sensitivity. We have developed a simple, highly sensitive assay for hepatitis C virus RNA based on the polymerase chain reaction. In this test RNA extracted from hepatitis C virus - infected serum or plasma is used as the template for double polymerase chain reaction with nested primers. Sensitivity studies demonstrate that this assay is able to detect hepatitis C virus at or beyond the sensitivity level of chimpanzee infectivity. Preliminary studies in chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis showed that 16 of 36 patients positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus and 2 of 4 patients negative for antibody to hepatitis C virus were positive in the polymerase chain reaction test. By retesting the polymerase chain reaction - negative patients with several sets of polymerase chain reaction primers, we found hepatitis C virus RNA in 35 of the 40 patients including all 4 seronegative patients. Normal human plasma and plasma from patients with hepatitis B infection did not react in this test. This assay has proved to be valuable for determining the presence of hepatitis C virus RNA in various samples. Furthermore, it offers the possibility of diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection in patients who do not react in the presently available antibody tests. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,HEPATITIS RES LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 29A,HFB-500,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIDDKD,LIVER DIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 15 TC 151 Z9 151 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUL PY 1991 VL 14 IS 1 BP 51 EP 55 DI 10.1002/hep.1840140109 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA FW002 UT WOS:A1991FW00200008 PM 1648539 ER PT J AU PATON, JC LOCK, RA LEE, CJ LI, JP BERRY, AM MITCHELL, TJ ANDREW, PW HANSMAN, D BOULNOIS, GJ AF PATON, JC LOCK, RA LEE, CJ LI, JP BERRY, AM MITCHELL, TJ ANDREW, PW HANSMAN, D BOULNOIS, GJ TI PURIFICATION AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF GENETICALLY OBTAINED PNEUMOLYSIN TOXOIDS AND THEIR CONJUGATION TO STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE TYPE-19F POLYSACCHARIDE SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; PNEUMOCOCCAL TOXIN PNEUMOLYSIN; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; STREPTOLYSIN-O; BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; RESPIRATORY BURST; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACTIVATED TOXIN AB As part of an ongoing study concerned with improving human vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae, the genes for two defined pneumolysin (PL) toxoids (pneumolysoids), Pd-A (PL with a Cys-->Gly substitution at amino acid 428) and Pd-B (PL with a Trp-->Phe substitution at position 433), were inserted into the high-expression vector pKK233-2 in Escherichia coli and the pneumolysoids were purified. Groups of mice which had been immunized with either Pd-A, Pd-B, or native PL purified from S. pneumoniae were then challenged either intranasally or intraperitoneally with virulent pneumococci. Mice in all immunized groups survived significantly longer than sham-immunized controls. Both pneumolysoids were more effective than PL as protective immunogens. Pneumolysoid Pd-B was conjugated covalently with pneumococcal type 19F capsular polysaccharide (19F PS), and the immunogenicities of both the protein and the PS moieties of the conjugate in mice were determined. Significant anti-PL titers were obtained, and the immunogenicity of the 19F PS moiety was markedly enhanced compared with that of unconjugated PS. Conjugation also appears to have converted the 19F PS into an antigen capable of inducing a booster effect. These results support the notion that the efficacy of human, PS-based antipneumococcal vaccines might be improved by supplementation with pneumolysoid in the form of a covalent pneumolysoid-PS conjugate. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV LEICESTER,DEPT MICROBIOL,LEICESTER LE1 7RH,ENGLAND. RP PATON, JC (reprint author), ADELAIDE CHILDRENS HOSP INC,DEPT MICROBIOL,ADELAIDE,SA 5006,AUSTRALIA. RI Paton, James/A-9920-2008 FU Wellcome Trust NR 46 TC 122 Z9 126 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 59 IS 7 BP 2297 EP 2304 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA FT922 UT WOS:A1991FT92200012 PM 2050399 ER PT J AU STIBITZ, S YANG, MS AF STIBITZ, S YANG, MS TI SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL DETECTION OF PROTEINS ENCODED BY THE VIR LOCUS OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VIRULENCE FACTORS; BETA-GALACTOSIDASE; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; EXPRESSION; CLONING; SEQUENCES; TOXIN; CONSTRUCTION; MODULATION AB The DNA sequence of the central regulatory locus vir of Bordetella pertussis predicts that three gene products, BvgA, BvgB, and BvgC, are encoded. Features of the predicted primary structures of these proteins and their homology to other two-component systems suggest that BvgA is located in the cytoplasm, BvgB is located in the periplasm, and BvgC spans the inner membrane. We have used gene fusions to the phoA and lacZ genes of Escherichia coli to investigate the subcellular localization and membrane topology of these proteins. PhoA fusion proteins were also purified and used to raise antibodies that allowed visualization of the vir-encoded polypeptides by Western immunoblotting. Our results have largely confirmed the predictions of the DNA sequence, with the exception that BvgB and BvgC were found to constitute one larger protein that was homologous to the sensor class of two-component systems. We propose that this protein be named BvgS (for sensor) and that its gene be named bvgS. RP STIBITZ, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 45 TC 150 Z9 151 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 173 IS 14 BP 4288 EP 4296 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA FX327 UT WOS:A1991FX32700006 PM 2066330 ER PT J AU FAALAND, RW GROSSMAN, LW IGEL, DA AF FAALAND, RW GROSSMAN, LW IGEL, DA TI OPTICAL-QUALITY TESTING OF MONOFOCAL INTRAOCULAR-LENS IMPLANTS WITH A 3-MM AND A 4-MM APERTURE SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE APERTURE SIZE; INTRAOCULAR LENS; RESOLUTION; RESOLUTION EFFICIENCY; RESOLVING POWER; STANDARD AB The optical quality of 81 monofocal poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lenses (IOLs) from eight U.S. firms was tested using a 3 mm aperture, as recommended by the American National Standards Institute Z80.7 standard for IOLs, and a 4 mm aperture. The use of the larger aperture had no effect on the measurements of refractive power and astigmatism. When examined with the 3 mm aperture, the average resolving power of the IOLs was 81% of the diffraction limit; when examined with the 4 mm aperture, the average resolving power was 67% of the diffraction limit. Use of the larger aperture would ensure that a larger area of the IOL had been examined. Incorporating the larger aperture into the ANSI minimum resolution requirement would not appreciably affect the rejection rate for currently manufactured monofocal lenses. RP FAALAND, RW (reprint author), US FDA,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,1901 CHAPMAN AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CATARACT REFRACTIVE SURGERY PI FAIRFAX PA 4000 LEGATO RD, SUITE 850, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 17 IS 4 BP 485 EP 490 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA FW169 UT WOS:A1991FW16900011 PM 1895226 ER PT J AU TANNER, J TOSATO, G AF TANNER, J TOSATO, G TI IMPAIRMENT OF NATURAL-KILLER FUNCTIONS BY INTERLEUKIN-6 INCREASES LYMPHOBLASTOID CELL TUMORIGENICITY IN ATHYMIC MICE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE CYTOKINE; GENE TRANSFER; EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; LYMPHOMA; CYTOTOXICITY ID EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; BURKITT-LYMPHOMA CELLS; NON-HODGKINS LYMPHOMA; B-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; NUDE-MICE; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; FACTOR-II; EXPRESSION AB Expression of the human IL-6 gene in EBV-immortalized normal human B lymphocytes following retroviral-mediated transduction rendered these cells highly tumorigenic in athymic mice. The tumors were lymphomas composed of the originally inoculated human lymphoblastoid cells. Co-injection of IL-6 expressing EBV-immortalized cells with IL-6 nonexpressing control cells resulted in increased tumorigenicity of the IL-6 nonexpressing cells. The lymphoblastoid cells expressing IL-6 were indistinguishable from parental cell lines in morphology and in a variety of cell surface characteristics, and did not exhibit growth advantage over parental cell lines in vitro, such that increased tumorigenicity is unlikely to depend upon a direct oncogenic effect of IL-6 on the B cells. Rather, at high concentrations, IL-6 markedly inhibits human lymphoblastoid cell killing by IL-2-activated murine splenocytes in vitro, suggesting that IL-6-related tumorigenicity might depend upon IL-6 inhibiting cytotoxicity at the tumor site. Thus, production of IL-6 by tumor cells that results in natural killer cell dysfunctions illustrates a novel mechanism of tumor cell escape from immune surveillance. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 29,ROOM 501,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 59 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 88 IS 1 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1172/JCI115283 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FU443 UT WOS:A1991FU44300032 PM 1647416 ER PT J AU LEVANDOWSKI, RA GROSS, PA WEKSLER, M STATON, E WILLIAMS, MS BONELLI, J AF LEVANDOWSKI, RA GROSS, PA WEKSLER, M STATON, E WILLIAMS, MS BONELLI, J TI CROSS-REACTIVE ANTIBODIES INDUCED BY A MONOVALENT INFLUENZA-B VIRUS-VACCINE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID INFECTION AB Influenza viruses related to the markedly antigenically divergent strains B/Yamagata/16/88 and B/Victoria/2/87 are circulating in human populations. Adults develop cross-reacting antibodies against recent and earlier influenza B virus strains after vaccination with B/Yamagata/16/88, probably because of previous influenza B virus infections or immunizations. Vaccines containing B/Yamagata/16/88 should adequately protect adults against B/Victoria/2/87 infections. C1 HACKENSACK MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,HACKENSACK,NJ 07601. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,NEWARK,NJ 07103. CORNELL UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GERIATR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RP LEVANDOWSKI, RA (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 29 IS 7 BP 1530 EP 1532 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA FT634 UT WOS:A1991FT63400050 PM 1885750 ER PT J AU FENG, SH STEIN, KE AF FENG, SH STEIN, KE TI VH GENE FAMILY EXPRESSION IN MICE WITH THE XID DEFECT SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTE IMMUNE DEFECT; B-LYMPHOCYTES; SURFACE-IMMUNOGLOBULIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; SOMATIC MUTATION; CBA-N; PHOSPHORYLCHOLINE; DIVERSITY; CELLS AB Preferential use of particular V(H) gene families in the response to specific antigens has been demonstrated in several systems. The lack of responses to certain types of antigens, therefore, could be the result of deletion of or failure to express some V(H) genes. Because CBA/N mice, which carry the X-linked immunodeficiency (xid) gene defect, have been shown to be unresponsive to thymus-independent polysaccharide antigens, it was of interest to examine if this unresponsiveness could be accounted for by abnormal expression of particular V(H) gene families. Using in situ hybridization on B cell colonies, we determined the expression of nine V(H) gene families in CBA/CaHN females (genotypically normal), CBA/N males (xid) and females (xid), and (CBA/N x CBA/CaHN)F1 males (xid) and females (phenotypically normal). Our results indicate that V(H) gene family expression, including the S107 family, in CBA/N males and F1 males, is similar to that of CBA/CaHN and F1 females with predominant expression of J558, the largest gene family, in all individuals. Interestingly, CBA/N female mice, which carry two defective X chromosomes, as a group expressed significantly reduced levels of the J558 gene family, and as individuals showed variation in which family was predominantly expressed. We conclude that the unresponsiveness of mice with the xid defect to polysaccharide antigens can not be attributed to a failure to express the nine V(H) gene families that we examined. Our findings do not support previous studies (Primi, D., and P. -A. Cazenave 1986. J. Exp. Med. 165:357), which found an absence of expression of the S107 family in xid mice. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD JUL 1 PY 1991 VL 174 IS 1 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1084/jem.174.1.45 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FU897 UT WOS:A1991FU89700007 PM 1711566 ER PT J AU ALLEN, G BRUCE, VR STEPHENSON, P SATCHELL, FB ANDREWS, WH AF ALLEN, G BRUCE, VR STEPHENSON, P SATCHELL, FB ANDREWS, WH TI RECOVERY OF SALMONELLA FROM HIGH-MOISTURE FOODS BY ABBREVIATED SELECTIVE ENRICHMENT SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID DNA HYBRIDIZATION ASSAY; NONFAT DRY MILK; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; RAPPAPORT MEDIUM; GREEN BROTH AB Five high-moisture foods were used to evaluate both the effect of a 6 h, rather than the standard 24 h, selective enrichment incubation period, and the efficiency of Rappaport-Vassiliadis (RV) medium relative to the use of selenite cystine (SC) and tetrathionate (TT) broths for the recovery of Salmonella. Cheese and lettuce were artificially inoculated with a pool of two serotypes, whereas the other foods were naturally contaminated. Significantly higher numbers of Salmonella-positive test portions were obtained at 24 h with the following food and media combinations: cheese (TT and RV media), lettuce (SC, TT, and RV media), raw chicken (RV medium), and pork sausage (SC, TT, and RV media). There were no significant differences between the two incubation periods in recovery of Salmonella from turkey. Overall, more Salmonella-positive test portions were obtained from samples of lettuce, chicken, and pork sausage selectively enriched in RV medium than in SC or TT broths. The results of this study indicate that not all high-moisture foods can be selectively enriched for 6 h without a significant loss in recovery of Salmonella. RV medium was superior to SC and TT broths for recovery of Salmonella from some meats and was at least as productive in its recovery from the other high-moisture foods tested. RP ALLEN, G (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 54 IS 7 BP 492 EP 495 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA FV281 UT WOS:A1991FV28100002 ER PT J AU LARKIN, JW BERRY, MR AF LARKIN, JW BERRY, MR TI ESTIMATING COOLING PROCESS LETHALITY FOR DIFFERENT COOLING J-VALUES SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-PROCESS LETHALITY; FORMULAS; FOODS AB Cooling lethalities were determined using Ball's formula method and other lethality evaluation equations for f(c) from 10-120 min, j(c) of 0.25-2.21, L/D geometry values of 0.25-2.0, and the difference between final heating and cooling temperatures of 72.2-111.1-degrees-C. For j(c) < 1.35 the Ball method overestimated the cooling lethality (> 42% for j(c) = 1). For f(c) of 35-130 min and j(c) > 0.7, all but one of the models that account for variable j(c) were conservative in estimating cooling lethality and underestimated lethality as j(c) increased above 1.41. The proposed modified hyperbolic function estimated conservative cooling lethalities over the entire range of f(c) and j(c) values studied and was 60% more accurate in estimating actual lethality than the next best conservative method at j(c) = 2.0. RP LARKIN, JW (reprint author), NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,FOOD & DRUG ADM,6502 S ARCHER AVE,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 56 IS 4 BP 1063 EP 1067 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb14642.x PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA GC086 UT WOS:A1991GC08600046 ER PT J AU BULL, TE AF BULL, TE TI SELECTIVE AND HETERONUCLEAR ROESY RELAXATION THEORY SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article ID COUPLED SPIN SYSTEMS; ROTATING-FRAME; NOE SPECTROSCOPY; ELIMINATION; OFFSET RP BULL, TE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 14 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2364 J9 J MAGN RESON PD JUL PY 1991 VL 93 IS 3 BP 596 EP 602 DI 10.1016/0022-2364(91)90086-9 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA FT605 UT WOS:A1991FT60500013 ER PT J AU SOAVE, O AF SOAVE, O TI HISTORY OF VETERINARY-MEDICINE IN THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID SULFONAMIDE C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 1 PY 1991 VL 199 IS 1 BP 38 EP 42 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FU287 UT WOS:A1991FU28700014 PM 1885326 ER PT J AU DAFT, JL AF DAFT, JL TI FUMIGATION TRENDS, FUMIGANT ANALYSIS, AND FINDINGS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article RP DAFT, JL (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT H & HUMAN SERV,KANSAS CITY DIST OFF,1009 CHERRY ST,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 74 IS 4 BP 575 EP 576 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FX402 UT WOS:A1991FX40200001 PM 1917802 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, RD CARLSON, M AF THOMPSON, RD CARLSON, M TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF TOLNAFTATE IN COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article AB A liquid chromatographic (LC) method for the determination of the antifungal agent tolnaftate was developed. Isolation of the analyte was achieved by direct extraction or dillution with acetonitrile-water (80 + 20) followed by reverse-phase liquid chromatography using a C18 column. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (80 + 20) acidified with phosphoric acid. Detection was by UV absorption at a wavelength of 257 nm. The proposed procedure was applied to 20 consumer products comprising 6 formulation types, including solutions, powders, liquid and powder aerosols, creams, and gels. The precision (RSD) for the products ranged from 0.23 to 1.16% (n = 5), and recoveries via fortification ranged from 98.1 to 103.0%. Six different brands of C18 columns were evaluated for use with the method. The overall simplicity and versatility of the method suggest possible adaptations to both regulatory and quality-control situations. RP THOMPSON, RD (reprint author), US FDA,240 HENNEPIN AVE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 74 IS 4 BP 603 EP 607 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FX402 UT WOS:A1991FX40200007 PM 1917806 ER PT J AU HARMON, SM KAUTTER, DA LANCETTE, G AF HARMON, SM KAUTTER, DA LANCETTE, G TI LIPID GLOBULE STAINING TO AID IN DIFFERENTIATING BACILLUS SPECIES SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID ENUMERATION; CEREUS; FOODS AB The use of the lipid globule stain to aid in differentiating the Bacillus cereus group (i.e., B. cereus, B. cereus var. mycoides, and B. thuringiensis) from other Bacillus species was investigated. Smears from colonies grown on suitable agar were made on precleaned slides, stained, and examined microscopically for characteristic deep blue lipid globules. The study included a total of 649 cultures of Bacillus species plus 143 incompletely characterized Bacillus isolates from food. Only B. cereus, B. cereus var. mycoides, B. thuringiensis, B. megaterium, and B. sphaericus were consistently positive for lipid globules, although at times, a few cells of B. aneurinolyticus and B. thiaminolyticus were also positive. The lipid globule stain procedure is of value in differentiating Bacillus species, especially when performed by an experienced analyst and used in conjunction with tests for cell and spore morphology. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,ATLANTA,GA 30309. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 74 IS 4 BP 649 EP 651 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FX402 UT WOS:A1991FX40200015 PM 1717433 ER PT J AU HOPPER, ML KING, JW AF HOPPER, ML KING, JW TI ENHANCED SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CARBON-DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF PESTICIDES FROM FOODS USING PELLETIZED DIATOMACEOUS-EARTH SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL DIET; CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY; PRODUCTS AB Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SC-CO2), when used with an extraction enhancer, comprises a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) system for extraction of pesticides and matrix components from fatty and nonfatty foods. After being mixed with the enhancer, samples ranging from 95% water to pure lipophilic oils can be extracted efficiently with SC-CO2. This extraction technique yields analyte recoveries in excess of 85% for over 30 types of pesticides at incurred levels ranging from 0.005 to 2 ppm in such diverse matrixes as carrots, lettuce, peanut butter, hamburger, and fortified butter fat and fortified potatoes. SC-CO2 provides a solvent medium that is nontoxic, nonflammable, and inexpensive while also eliminating the use and disposal of potentially carcinogenic organic solvents. C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. RP HOPPER, ML (reprint author), US FDA,TOTAL DIET RES CTR,1009 CHERRY ST,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 18 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 7 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 74 IS 4 BP 661 EP 666 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FX402 UT WOS:A1991FX40200018 PM 1917813 ER PT J AU VICK, JA FROEHLICH, H AF VICK, JA FROEHLICH, H TI TREATMENT OF CYANIDE POISONING SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The object of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of five regimens in treating cyanide poisoning. A series of anesthetized adult beagle dogs were instrumented to record hemodynamic and respiratory function and given 2.5 mg/kg sodium cyanide intravenously. The 10 control animals given only cyanide died at from 5 to 7 minutes. Therapy, as described below, was given to other groups at from 2 to 3 minutes following the cyanide administration. Artificial respiration did not alter the lethal effects of cyanide nor prolong survival time in any of the 10 animals. Amyl nitrite given by inhalation or by the intravenous route allowed survival of all 15 animals. Sodium nitrite (20 mg/kg), dimethylaminophenol (DMAP) (5 mg/kg), and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) given intravenously with no artificial ventilation also allowed for 100% survival (15 animals). Amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulfate were ineffective when given intramuscularly (I.M.) (0 of 12 dogs); however, I.M. DMAP (5 mg/kg) and I.M. hydroxylamine hydrochloride (50mg/kg) increased heart rate and blood pressure and restored spontaneous breathing. All 15 animals treated with I.M. doses of either of these drugs survived the lethal dose of cyanide. Results of these studies indicate that intravenous sodium nitrite, DMAP, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and amyl nitrite by inhalation, are all effective in reversing the lethal effects of cyanide poisoning. Only DMAP and hydroxylamine hydrochloride are effective when given by the intramuscular route. These results provide data to support an approach to therapy that is more practical and applicable where expert medical care may not be available following cyanide exposure. RP VICK, JA (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 156 IS 7 BP 330 EP 339 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FW957 UT WOS:A1991FW95700008 PM 1922842 ER PT J AU LI, ZM HANNAH, JH STIBITZ, S NGUYEN, NY MANCLARK, CR BRENNAN, MJ AF LI, ZM HANNAH, JH STIBITZ, S NGUYEN, NY MANCLARK, CR BRENNAN, MJ TI CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF THE STRUCTURAL GENE FOR THE PORIN PROTEIN OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; DNA-SEQUENCE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PURIFICATION; SIMILARITIES AB Bordetella pertussis produces a porin protein which is a prominent outer membrane component found in both virulent and avirulent strains. N-terminal amino acid analysis of purified B. pertussis porin was performed and this amino acid sequence was used to design an oligonucleotide that was then utilized to screen a lambda-gt11 library containing randomly sheared fragments of DNA from B. pertussis strain 347. One clone, lambda-BpPor, was identified and subcloned into pUC18. A portion of the DNA insert in this subclone, pBpPor1, was sequenced and shown to contain the N-terminal region of the structural porin gene. This truncated gene sequence was used to design an additional oligonucleotide that was used to identify a clone, pBpPor2, which overlapped with pBpPor1 and contained a termination codon. The structural gene deduced from this sequence would encode a 365-amino-acid polypeptide with a predicted mass of 39 103 daltons. The predicted product also contains a signal sequence of 20 residues that is similar to that found in other porin genes. The predicted B. pertusis porin protein sequence contains regions that are homologous to regions found in porins expressed by Neisseria species and Escherichia coli, including the presence of phenylalanine as the carboxy-terminal amino acid. DNA hybridization studies indicated that both virulent and avirulent strains of B. pertussis contain only one copy of this gene and that Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis contain a similar gene. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1649 EP 1656 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb01912.x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA FX519 UT WOS:A1991FX51900010 PM 1658537 ER PT J AU MCMILLAN, JM SHADDOCK, JG CASCIANO, DA ARLOTTO, MP LEAKEY, JEA AF MCMILLAN, JM SHADDOCK, JG CASCIANO, DA ARLOTTO, MP LEAKEY, JEA TI DIFFERENTIAL STABILITY OF DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYME-ACTIVITIES IN PRIMARY RAT HEPATOCYTES, CULTURED IN THE ABSENCE OR PRESENCE OF DEXAMETHASONE SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HEPATOCYTE CULTURE; DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES; DEXAMETHASONE; MONOOXYGENASE, CYTOCHROME-P450-DEPENDENT ID GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASES; UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS; PRIMARY-CELL CULTURES; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE; HEPATIC CYTOCHROMES-P-450; CALORIC RESTRICTION; STEROID-METABOLISM; FISCHER-344 RAT; REPAIR ASSAY; FEMALE RATS AB The effects of primary hepatocyte culture on the rat cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase system and several conjugating enzyme activities were examined using a culture system similar to those used for evaluation of chemicals as potential genotoxins. Cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5 contents progressively decreased throughout the 72-h culture period to < 25% of initial values, whereas cytochrome P450 reductase rapidly decreased by 50% during attachment, but then remained stable. Cytochrome P450-dependent testosterone hydroxylase activities decreased more rapidly in culture than did cytochrome P450 content reaching < 50% of attachment levels by 24 h. Cytochrome P450IIIA immunoreactive protein decreased at a similar rate to testosterone-6-beta-hydroxylase. Activated UDP-glucuronyltransferase activities towards 1-naphthol and testosterone declined more slowly over the 72 h than cytochrome P450 and remained at 50-60% of initial values at 72 h. UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity towards digitoxigenin monodigitoxoside (DIG) did not decrease during culture. Glutathione-S-transferase and sulfotransferase activities also declined during the 72 h at rates which appeared to be isozyme-dependent. Addition of 1-mu-M dexamethasone (DEX) to the culture medium increased UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity towards DIG, cytochrome P450 reductase and testosterone-6-beta-hydroxylase activities up to 2.5-, 2.0- and 7-fold, respectively and induced cytochrome P450IIIA immunoreactive protein(s) in the hepatocytes after 24 and 48 h of culture; DEX was less effective at the 72 h time-point. DEX treatment also significantly accelerated the decreases in glutathione-S-transferase activities and in sulfotransferase activities towards 1-naphthol and estrone. Thus, ii-appears that primary rat hepatocytes cultured under standard conditions, not only rapidly lose their monooxygenase capabilities, but also some of their capacity for conjugation. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 55 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JUL PY 1991 VL 249 IS 1 BP 81 EP 92 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90134-A PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA FV534 UT WOS:A1991FV53400008 PM 2067545 ER PT J AU GOUGH, B ALI, SF SLIKKER, W HOLSON, RR AF GOUGH, B ALI, SF SLIKKER, W HOLSON, RR TI ACUTE EFFECTS OF 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA) ON MONOAMINES IN RAT CAUDATE SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE MDMA; CEREBRAL MICRODIALYSIS; DOPAMINE; SEROTONIN; CAUDATE NUCLEUS ID FREELY-MOVING RATS; INTRACEREBRAL DIALYSIS; DOPAMINE RELEASE; STRIATAL DOPAMINE; NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS; BRAIN; AMPHETAMINE; METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE; SEROTONIN; INVIVO AB Extracellular levels of dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and serotonin (5-HT) were assayed in the caudate of freely moving rats using microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC) to detect changes in their release. Dialysates were assayed at 20-minute intervals for four hours after an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of MDMA (10 mg/kg). In a separate study to determine MDMA effects on total caudate levels of the above neurochemicals, animals were injected IP with MDMA (10 mg/kg) and then sacrificed at 20, 60, 120 and 180 minutes after treatment. Brains were quickly removed, and caudate nuclei were dissected for neurochemical analysis using HPLC-EC. MDMA elicited an amphetamine-like increase in DA release, followed by an increase in DA content. DOPAC and HVA were both reduced in homogenate. 5-HT release was also increased, followed by a drop in caudate homogenate levels by three hours. DA extracellular content was 686% of control at 80 minutes; caudate homogenate levels were 122% at 120 minutes. 5-HT extracellular release was 123% at 20 minutes, then decreased thereafter. It is concluded that the acute effect of MDMA on caudate is at least as great on the DA as it is on the 5-HT system. RP GOUGH, B (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,HFT-130,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 27 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 39 IS 3 BP 619 EP 623 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90137-Q PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GD543 UT WOS:A1991GD54300011 PM 1723797 ER PT J AU CARLSON, M AF CARLSON, M TI COMPENDIAL MONOGRAPH EVALUATION AND DEVELOPMENT - PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE - REPORT OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE MONOGRAPHS FOR DILUTED PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE, PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE TABLETS, PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE EXTENDED-RELEASE TABLETS, AND PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE EXTENDED-RELEASE CAPSULES SO PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM LA English DT Article ID ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE RP CARLSON, M (reprint author), US FDA,MINNEAPOLIS DIST LAB,MINNEAPOLIS,MN, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU US PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION PI ROCKVILLE PA 12601 TWINBROOK PKWY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 SN 0363-4655 J9 PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM JI Pharmacop. Forum PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 17 IS 4 BP 2242 EP 2249 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FW576 UT WOS:A1991FW57600002 ER PT J AU BARILE, MF YOSHIDA, H ROTH, H AF BARILE, MF YOSHIDA, H ROTH, H TI RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS - NEW FINDINGS ON THE FAILURE TO ISOLATE OR DETECT MYCOPLASMAS BY MULTIPLE CULTIVATION OR SEROLOGIC PROCEDURES AND A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE SO REVIEWS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID MITOTIC SPINDLE APPARATUS; T-STRAIN MYCOPLASMA; SEPTIC ARTHRITIS; PNEUMONIAE INFECTION; SYNOVIAL-FLUID; INFLAMMATORY POLYARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS; LEWIS RATS; DISEASE; UREAPLASMA AB Using 12 different and elaborate broth, agar, and cell culture procedures, we failed to isolate mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, spiroplasmas, or chlamydiae from the synovial fluid of 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and from six patients with non-rheumatoid arthritis (NRA). In addition, sera from 35 patients with RA and 12 patients with NRA also were examined. Although some of the sera had moderately high titers of metabolism-inhibiting antibody to some of the 10 human Mycoplasma species, especially to the common respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and to some of the eight Ureaplasma urealyticum serovars, especially serovars V and VII, there were no significant differences between titers of these antibodies in the two groups of patients. Among RA patients serum antibody titers to M. pneumoniae were 1:32 in five and 1:16 in eight; two patients had higher synovial fluid titers (1:16) than serum titers (1:4). The geometric mean titer (GMT) of antibody to serovar V in synovial fluid was higher in RA patients than in NRA patients, but the difference did not reach significance (P = .056). Reports on the possible role of infectious agents in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis are reviewed. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DIV RHEUMATOL IMMUNOL & ALLERGY,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. RP BARILE, MF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,MYCOPLASMA LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 118 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0162-0886 J9 REV INFECT DIS PD JUL-AUG PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 571 EP 582 PG 12 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA GA069 UT WOS:A1991GA06900006 PM 1925272 ER PT J AU ANSON, JF LABORDE, JB PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG HANSEN, DK SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF AF ANSON, JF LABORDE, JB PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG HANSEN, DK SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF TI TARGET TISSUE-SPECIFICITY OF RETINOIC ACID-INDUCED STRESS PROTEINS AND MALFORMATIONS IN MICE SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN; POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS; RAT EMBRYOS; CELL-CYCLE AB Retinoic acid (RA) is teratogenic in rodents and also induces the synthesis of stress proteins in fetal mouse limb buds. To determine if the RA induction of stress proteins is target tissue specific, pregnant CD-1 mice were gavaged with 100 mg/kg RA on day 11 of gestation, and nuclei isolated from tissues susceptible to RA-induced malformations (target tissues) as well as nuclei isolated from nontarget tissues were examined for stress protein synthesis and malformations. Forelimb and hindlimb (target tissues), as well as heart and tail (nontarget tissues), were removed from embryos 2.5 hours after RA treatment (1.5 hr after [H-3]leucine labeling). Cell nuclei were isolated, stained with a DNA specific fluorochrome, propidium iodide, and sorted from the G0 + G1 and G2 + M phases of the cell cycle. Forelimb and hindlimb target tissues showed the synthesis in these embryonic nuclear proteins of an 84,000 relative molecular mass (M(r)) protein and a 90,000 M(r) protein following RA treatment. Two 20,000-25,000 M(r) stress proteins were also labeled both in forelimb and hindlimb. Forelimb and hindlimb from untreated dams showed no stress protein labeling. Neither heart nor tail, nontarget tissues, showed any stress protein labeling following RA treatment. Classical teratological evaluation of embryos treated on GD 11 and sacrificed on GD 17 showed that 100% of the fetuses had forelimb and/or hindlimb malformations, while no malformations were observed in either the heart or tail. Based on the correlation of teratological anomalies with the identification of stress proteins in target tissue only, we postulate that stress proteins may be involved in the teratogenic process. Further work is necessary to establish whether a causal relationship exists. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP ANSON, JF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD JUL PY 1991 VL 44 IS 1 BP 19 EP 28 DI 10.1002/tera.1420440105 PG 10 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA FR258 UT WOS:A1991FR25800004 PM 1957259 ER PT J AU THORNTONMANNING, JR SMITH, BA BELAND, FA HEFLICH, RH AF THORNTONMANNING, JR SMITH, BA BELAND, FA HEFLICH, RH TI MUTAGENESIS AND DNA ADDUCT FORMATION BY 1-NITROPYRENE IN CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS WITHOUT EXOGENOUS METABOLIC-ACTIVATION SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIESEL PARTICULATE EXTRACTS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; MUTAGENICITY; INVITRO; DINITROPYRENES; INDUCTION; BINDING; ASSAY; 1,6-DINITROPYRENE; 1-NITROSOPYRENE C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 109 IS 3 BP 538 EP 546 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90016-8 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA FW758 UT WOS:A1991FW75800016 PM 1853350 ER PT J AU LARD, SL ROEHRIG, JT PEARSON, LD AF LARD, SL ROEHRIG, JT PEARSON, LD TI DIFFERENTIATION OF PARAPOXVIRUSES BY APPLICATION OF ORF VIRUS-SPECIFIC MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES AGAINST CELL-SURFACE PROTEINS SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL PROTEINS; DNA; ELECTROPHORESIS; HETEROGENEITY; HYBRIDOMAS; ANTIGENS AB Monoclonal antibodies were produced against orf virus-specified cell surface proteins in an attempt to develop reagents capable of differentiating between members of the Parapoxviridae. Two immunization protocols were used to induce an anti-orf response in BALB/c mice, one of which resulted in virus replication in the recipient. The monoclonal antibodies produced were tested for crossreactivity with bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPS) and milker's node virus (MNV) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and immunoblotting. The results indicate that significant antigenic overlap exists between isolates of orf, MNV and BPS, even at the level of specificity provided by monoclonal antibodies. One monoclonal antibody reacted strongly in IFA with orf virus isolates, very weakly with MNV, and not at all with BPS. On immunoblots this same antibody recognized a 40-43 kDa protein in orf virus-infected cells, and also a 45-48 kDa protein in cells infected with MNV or BPS virus. The data suggest that it may be possible to define parapoxvirus strains on the basis of small variations in specific virus-directed cell surface proteins. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. US FDA,DIV ANTIINFECT DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV VECTOR BORNE VIRAL DIS,FT COLLINS,CO 80526. OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479 NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUL PY 1991 VL 28 IS 3-4 BP 247 EP 258 DI 10.1016/0165-2427(91)90118-V PG 12 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA GA582 UT WOS:A1991GA58200005 PM 1719690 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI BURRIS, RH VIDAVER, AK AF MILLER, HI BURRIS, RH VIDAVER, AK TI REGULATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT BIOCHEM,MADISON,WI 53706. RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 21 PY 1991 VL 252 IS 5013 BP 1599 EP 1600 DI 10.1126/science.252.5013.1599-c PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FT114 UT WOS:A1991FT11400005 PM 2047865 ER PT J AU SHERIDAN, RL TEMPLE, RJ AF SHERIDAN, RL TEMPLE, RJ TI EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK-WAVE BILIARY LITHOTRIPSY - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP SHERIDAN, RL (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 20 PY 1991 VL 324 IS 25 BP 1814 EP 1814 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FR681 UT WOS:A1991FR68100021 ER PT J AU AKAHANE, K COHEN, RB BICKEL, M PLUZNIK, DH AF AKAHANE, K COHEN, RB BICKEL, M PLUZNIK, DH TI IL-1-ALPHA INDUCES GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR GENE-EXPRESSION IN MURINE LYMPHOCYTE-B CELL-LINES VIA MESSENGER-RNA STABILIZATION SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CYCLOSPORIN-A; T-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-1; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; HEMATOPOIESIS; REQUIREMENT AB IL-1 has been shown to induce granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF production in several cell types including T lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. We have previously demonstrated that bacterial LPS activates expression of the GM-CSF gene in murine B lymphocytes. Inasmuch as LPS is also an inducer of IL-1, we asked whether IL-1 could itself induce GM-CSF gene expression in B lymphocytes. The GM-CSF-dependent PT-18 cell line was used to detect GM-CSF biologic activity and a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to detect and measure GM-CSF mRNA. IL-1-alpha stimulated GM-CSF production by the murine B cell lines M12.4.1 and TH2.2 but not by the M12 line in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. GM-CSF mRNA expression in IL-1-a-treated M12.4.1 cells also increased in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Nuclear run-on transcription assays revealed constitutive transcription of the GM-CSF gene in untreated M12.4.1 cells that did not change after IL-1-alpha treatment. Actinomycin D chase experiments indicated that IL-1-alpha increased GM-CSF mRNA stability in the M12.4.1 cells. These findings indicate that IL-1-alpha induces GM-CSF gene expression in murine B cell lines and that this event is posttranscriptionally controlled mainly at the level of mRNA stabilization. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,RM 3B19,HFB-800,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 41 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 15 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 12 BP 4190 EP 4196 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FQ773 UT WOS:A1991FQ77300019 PM 2040796 ER PT J AU SAHU, SC WASHINGTON, MC AF SAHU, SC WASHINGTON, MC TI QUERCETIN-INDUCED LIPID-PEROXIDATION AND DNA DAMAGE IN ISOLATED RAT-LIVER NUCLEI SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE QUERCETIN; FLAVONOIDS; DNA DAMAGE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; OXYGEN RADICAL ID BODY IRON STORES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SUPEROXIDE ANION; STRAND BREAKS; CARCINOGENICITY EXAMINATION; IONIZING-RADIATION; C57BL/10SCSN MICE; TUMOR PROMOTERS; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; ACI RATS AB The extent of lipid peroxidation and DNA damage induced by quercetin were studied under aerobic conditions in isolated rat-liver nuclei. The effects of iron and copper ions on these two toxic oxidative processes were also investigated. Quercetin induced significant (P < 0.05) concentration-dependent nuclear lipid peroxidation concurrent with DNA degradation; these effects were enhanced by iron and copper ions. The results suggest that the reactive oxygen species generated by quercetin autoxidation, catalyzed by iron and copper ions, are responsible for the concurrent lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in isolated rat-liver nuclei. RP SAHU, SC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,MOLEC TOXICOL LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD JUN 14 PY 1991 VL 58 IS 1-2 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.1016/0304-3835(91)90026-E PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FT863 UT WOS:A1991FT86300010 PM 2049786 ER PT J AU LU, MH HINSON, WG TURTURRO, A ANSON, J HART, RW AF LU, MH HINSON, WG TURTURRO, A ANSON, J HART, RW TI CELL-CYCLE ANALYSIS IN BONE-MARROW AND KIDNEY TISSUES OF DIETARY RESTRICTED RATS SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE CELL CYCLE ANALYSIS; DIETARY RESTRICTION; AGING; BONE MARROW; KIDNEY; RAT ID CALORIC RESTRICTION; FOOD RESTRICTION; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; PROLIFERATION; LONGEVITY; RODENTS; TUMORS; CANCER; MICE AB The effect of dietary restriction (DR) on the proportion of cells in various phases of the cell cycle as determined by flow cytometry was investigated in the bone marrow and kidney of young and old Fischer 344 rats. Control rats were fed a standard occurrence of numerous age-associated diseases, including cancer, renal diseases and by the control rats starting at 16 weeks of age until killed at 5 or 20 months old. The relative proportion of cells in the various phases of the cell cycle was independent of tissue type, treatment condition and age, consistently showing an order of G1- > S- > G2M-phase. In old rats DR did not affect cell cycling in bone marrow of either sex, however, it did cause an increase in the percentage of G1-phase cells in the kidney of male rats. Additionally, DR caused a mathematically significant change in the percentage of cells in all phases of the cell cycle in the bone marrow of young male rats but had no effect in young females. The percentage of S-phase cells in both tissues of both sexes decreased in old rats when compared to young rats regardless of treatment conditions, indicating a parallel decline in cell proliferating activity with aging. To summarize, DR produces a greater cell cycle effect in the young male than the old male rats. Proliferative capacity is enhanced when the young male rats are dietary restricted. This may aid in DNA repair mechanisms and/or immune system response. RP LU, MH (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing. Dev. PD JUN 14 PY 1991 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 111 EP 121 DI 10.1016/0047-6374(91)90077-D PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA FR468 UT WOS:A1991FR46800009 PM 1890875 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI INTERFERON ALFA APPROVED FOR NON-A, NON-B HEPATITIS TYPE-C SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 12 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 22 BP 2934 EP 2934 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FP635 UT WOS:A1991FP63500008 PM 1903461 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI SAFETY OF DENTAL AMALGAMS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 12 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 22 BP 2934 EP 2934 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FP635 UT WOS:A1991FP63500006 PM 1903461 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI ALGLUCERASE APPROVED FOR GAUCHERS-DISEASE SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 12 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 22 BP 2934 EP 2934 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FP635 UT WOS:A1991FP63500007 PM 1903461 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE ON HARMONIZING TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DRUG APPROVALS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 12 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 22 BP 2934 EP 2934 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FP635 UT WOS:A1991FP63500005 PM 1903461 ER PT J AU KOGA, M MOORE, MF BEAUCAGE, SL AF KOGA, M MOORE, MF BEAUCAGE, SL TI ALTERNATING ALPHA,BETA-OLIGOTHYMIDYLATES WITH ALTERNATING (3'-]3')-INTERNUCLEOTIDIC AND (5'-]5')-INTERNUCLEOTIDIC PHOSPHODIESTER LINKAGES AS MODELS FOR ANTISENSE OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDES SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID DEOXYNUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHORAMIDITES; 1,1-DIOXIDE; REAGENT AB Novel oligothymidylate analogues, achiral at phosphorus, exhibiting enhanced resistance to the action of nucleases and satisfactory hybridizing properties toward complementary DNA and RNA sequences, are proposed as models for antisense oligonucleotides. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CANC RES LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 14 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JUN 7 PY 1991 VL 56 IS 12 BP 3757 EP 3759 DI 10.1021/jo00012a001 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA FP853 UT WOS:A1991FP85300001 ER PT J AU GRECO, NJ YAMAMOTO, N JACKSON, BW TANDON, NN MOOS, M JAMIESON, GA AF GRECO, NJ YAMAMOTO, N JACKSON, BW TANDON, NN MOOS, M JAMIESON, GA TI IDENTIFICATION OF AN ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDE BINDING-SITE ON GLYCOPROTEIN IIB - RELATIONSHIP TO ADP-INDUCED PLATELET ACTIVATION SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AMER RED CROSS,CELL BIOL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM,BETHESDA,MD. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD. RI Moos, Malcolm/F-3673-2011 OI Moos, Malcolm/0000-0002-9575-9938 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD JUN 5 PY 1991 VL 65 IS 6 BP 656 EP 656 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA FZ966 UT WOS:A1991FZ96600034 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH AF RHEINSTEIN, PH TI SIGNIFICANT FDA APPROVALS IN 1990 SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 6 BP 2257 EP 2258 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FP894 UT WOS:A1991FP89400027 PM 2042556 ER PT J AU LYTLE, CD FELTEN, RP TRUSCOTT, W AF LYTLE, CD FELTEN, RP TRUSCOTT, W TI DYE TO USE WITH VIRUS CHALLENGE FOR TESTING BARRIER MATERIALS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID BACTERIOPHAGE AB Can FD&C Blue no. 1 dye photoinactivate bacteriophages phi-X174, T7, PRD1, and phi-6 under laboratory lighting conditions? At high levels of light, the dye (500-mu-M) photoinactivated only phi-6. Thus, this dye can be used at concentrations up to 500-mu-M with bacteriophages phi-X174, T7, and PRD1 to test barrier material integrity. C1 BAXTER HEALTHCARE CORP,IRWINDALE,CA 91706. RP LYTLE, CD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1842 EP 1843 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA FP564 UT WOS:A1991FP56400044 PM 1872612 ER PT J AU PURI, RK OGATA, M LELAND, P FELDMAN, GM FITZGERALD, D PASTAN, I AF PURI, RK OGATA, M LELAND, P FELDMAN, GM FITZGERALD, D PASTAN, I TI EXPRESSION OF HIGH-AFFINITY INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS ON MURINE SARCOMA-CELLS AND RECEPTOR-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY OF TUMOR-CELLS TO CHIMERIC PROTEIN BETWEEN INTERLEUKIN-4 AND PSEUDOMONAS EXOTOXIN SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-I; LYMPHOID-CELLS; IL-4 RECEPTOR; UP-REGULATION; LYMPHOCYTES; ANTIBODIES; BINDING; INVITRO AB The presence of interleukin 4 receptor (IL-4R) on methylcholanthrene (MCA-106, MCA-102, and MC-38)- and viral DNA (G-2TS and 14-2TS)-induced murine sarcoma cells was demonstrated. MCA-106 tumor cells express about 500 to 1348 (median, 800) interleukin 4 (IL-4) binding sites/cell with a dissociation constant (K(d)) of 115 +/- 26 pM (mean +/- SD, n = 4). By Northern blot analysis, tumor cells exhibited a single mRNA species of 3.9 kilobases. Other murine sarcoma (MCA-102), colon adenocarcinoma (MC-38), G-2TS, and 14-2TS tumor cells express low numbers of IL-4R. By immunoperoxidase staining, 81 to 92% of the cells from fresh MCA-106 tumors were positive for IL-4 receptors, while only 7 to 10% of tumor-infiltrating cells were Thy 1.2 and < 1% Mac-1 positive. Using a chimeric protein composed of IL-4 and Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL-4-PE40), we observed that IL-4-PE40 was cytotoxic (determined by inhibition of protein synthesis by [H-3]leucine uptake) to MCA-106 tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner. A nonchimeric protein (PE40) that cannot bind to the IL-4R did not inhibit protein synthesis in tumor cells. A chimeric mutant protein (IL4-PE40 asp553) that can bind to IL-4 receptors but does not have the capability to inhibit protein synthesis was not cytotoxic to tumor cells. These studies strongly suggest that IL-4R on murine MCA-106 sarcoma cells is internalized when occupied by IL-4-PE40. Furthermore, a neutralizing antibody (11B11) to IL-4 completely abolished the protein synthesis-inhibitory activity of IL-4-PE40. G-2TS tumor cells which expressed low numbers of IL-4 receptors were not vulnerable to cytotoxicity by IL-4-PE40. Taken together, these data suggest that IL-4 receptor may be a target for IL-4-toxin therapy. C1 NCI,MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B20,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 22 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 1 PY 1991 VL 51 IS 11 BP 3011 EP 3017 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FM978 UT WOS:A1991FM97800042 PM 2032239 ER PT J AU APPEL, NM OWENS, MJ CULP, S ZACZEK, R CONTRERA, JF BISSETTE, G NEMEROFF, CB DESOUZA, EB AF APPEL, NM OWENS, MJ CULP, S ZACZEK, R CONTRERA, JF BISSETTE, G NEMEROFF, CB DESOUZA, EB TI ROLE FOR BRAIN CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR IN THE WEIGHT-REDUCING EFFECTS OF CHRONIC FENFLURAMINE TREATMENT IN RATS SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; SYMPATHETIC FIRING RATE; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HYPOTHALAMOPITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; FA FA RATS; FACTOR CRF; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; BODY-WEIGHT; FOOD-INTAKE; ZUCKER RAT AB Fenfluramine is an amphetamine derivative which is used as a weight-reducing agent in the treatment of obesity. It has been postulated that fenfluramine affects brain serotonin (5HT) neurons resulting in decreased food intake and altered autonomic outflow which, in turn, increases metabolism. CRF decreases food intake and, in addition, has been demonstrated to reduce body weight in genetically obese rats through selective activation of sympathetic and inhibition of parasympathetic outflows. Because 5HT is a potent CRF secretagogue, we tested the hypothesis that the weight-reducing effects of fenfluramine administration may be mediated, in part, through altered CRF secretion. Chronic fenfluramine treatment (1-24 mg/kg sc, twice daily, 4 days) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in hypothalamic CRF concentration at 30 min after the final drug injection and was accompanied by a significant reciprocal increase in plasma corticosterone concentration. These data suggest that the decrease in hypothalamic CRF was a consequence of increased CRF secretion. These changes in hypothalamic CRF and plasma corticosterone correlated with brain fenfluramine levels. In contrast, high dose fenfluramine treatment significantly increased hippocampus, midbrain, and spinal cord CRF concentrations whereas levels in cerebral cortex, caudate putamen, thalamus, pons/medulla, and cerebellum were unaffected. There was no effect of this fenfluramine treatment protocol on regional brain TRH or neurotensin concentrations. In keeping with the well known development of tolerance to the weight-reducing effects of fenfluramine, chronic fenfluramine treatment resulted in lesser increases in corticosterone secretion than after acute treatment. Whereas weight loss observed after chronic fenfluramine treatment was associated with stimulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical hormone secretion, the weight-recovery phase after cessation of drug treatment was associated with decreased levels of plasma corticosterone. These data, demonstrating fenfluramine-induced alterations in brain CRF and plasma corticosterone, suggest that CRF may represent an important endogenous transmitter which mediates the weight-reducing effects of the drug. C1 DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DURHAM,NC 27710. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,DURHAM,NC 27710. US FDA,DIV NEUROPHARMACOL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP APPEL, NM (reprint author), NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,NEUROBIOL LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 6C-103,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Owens, Michael/G-5191-2012 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-39415, MH-42088] NR 59 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUN PY 1991 VL 128 IS 6 BP 3237 EP 3246 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA FN112 UT WOS:A1991FN11200073 PM 1645265 ER PT J AU TISLER, JM AF TISLER, JM TI THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATIONS PERSPECTIVE ON HACCP SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP TISLER, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,IND ACTIVITIES SECT,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 45 IS 6 BP 125 EP 127 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA FR170 UT WOS:A1991FR17000021 ER PT J AU WINKLER, DF MYERS, KR HOCHSTEIN, HD ULRICH, JT WUNDERLICH, JR AF WINKLER, DF MYERS, KR HOCHSTEIN, HD ULRICH, JT WUNDERLICH, JR TI BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE ACTS SYNERGISTICALLY WITH SELECTED MACROMOLECULAR POLYANIONS TO INDUCE MHC-NONRESTRICTED CYTOTOXIC-CELLS SO IMMUNOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS; DEXTRAN SULFATE; B-CELLS; LIPID-A; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; POLYCLONAL ACTIVATORS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LYMPHOCYTES-B; DNA-SYNTHESIS; LAK CELLS AB We examined whether bacterial lipopolysaccharide, at a dose range extending to less than 1.0 ng/ml, would work with cofactors to induce MHC-nonrestricted cytotoxic cells. To this end, normal mouse splenocytes were cultured for 5 days with LPS and potential cofactors, after which the cells were tested for cytotoxic activity in short-term Cr-51-release assays. We found that LPS can act synergistically with the macromolecular polyanions, dextran sulfate and polyinosinic acid. The effector cells induced by LPS and polyanions showed characteristics of activated NK cells in that they were (1) cytotoxic for widely differing sources of tumor cells, (2) not inhibited by an anti-T cell receptor antibody, and (3) not removed by depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ cells. LPS was active at picogram concentrations when dextran sulfate was included. Exposure of splenocytes to LPS was necessary during the early phase of the 5-day culture, but as little as 1 h of exposure was required, whereas exposure to the macromolecular polyanions during either the first or the last 2 days of a 5-day culture with LPS was effective. As expected with LPS activity, the cytotoxic cell response was prevented by polymyxin B or by the use of splenocytes from LPS non-responder C3H/HeJ mice. Screening of the S. minnesota R mutants and other partial LPS structures revealed that lipid A was closely associated with LPS activity in this assay system and that at least one partially detoxified structure, a deacylated LPS, could substitute for native LPS. C1 RIBI IMMUNOCHEM RES INC,HAMILTON,MT. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP WINKLER, DF (reprint author), NCI,DCBDC,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BLD 10,RM 4B-17,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, D-70599 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0171-2985 J9 IMMUNOBIOLOGY JI Immunobiology PD JUN PY 1991 VL 182 IS 3-4 BP 216 EP 233 PG 18 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FP854 UT WOS:A1991FP85400002 PM 1916877 ER PT J AU BRANHAM, WS LYNCOOK, BD ANDREWS, A MCDANIEL, M SHEEHAN, DM AF BRANHAM, WS LYNCOOK, BD ANDREWS, A MCDANIEL, M SHEEHAN, DM TI GROWTH OF NEONATAL RAT UTERINE LUMINAL EPITHELIUM ON EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE UTERUS; EPITHELIUM; CULTURE; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; ULTRASTRUCTURE; DIFFERENTIATION ID PRIMARY CULTURES; CELLS; ESTROGEN; DIFFERENTIATION; COMPONENTS; ADULT AB We have developed a tissue culture system using an extract of basement membrane (extracellular matrix) which promotes the in vitro growth and development of uterine luminal epithelium from the 5-day-old rat. Uterine luminal epithelium, free of stroma, was obtained as short tubes by trypsinization of uterine segments followed by mechanical separation. Epithelial segments were grown in a serum-free medium on culture dishes coated with an extracellular matrix. After 2 days, rapid cell growth resulted in monolayer cultures, which subsequently formed organoid structures similar to differentiated uterine glands present in uterine tissue taken from older rats. Electron microscopy of cultures revealed columnar cells with basally located nuclei, apical microvilli, lateral membranes with interdigitations, desmosomes, and secretory Golgi complexes, all features found in functioning uterine epithelium in vivo. This model will allow the in vitro investigation of the development of uterine epithelium-specific functions free of the influence of stromal cell factors. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72201. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72201. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP BRANHAM, WS (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI COLUMBIA PA 8815 CENTRE PARK DRIVE SUITE 210, COLUMBIA, MD 21045 SN 0073-5655 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV B PD JUN PY 1991 VL 27 IS 6 BP 442 EP 446 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA GB181 UT WOS:A1991GB18100005 ER PT J AU SWANN, JP AF SWANN, JP TI LILLY,ELI - A LIFE, 1885-1977 - MADISON,JH SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review RP SWANN, JP (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0021-1753 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD JUN PY 1991 VL 82 IS 312 BP 416 EP 417 DI 10.1086/355825 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA FZ573 UT WOS:A1991FZ57300093 ER PT J AU MOORE, RM HAMBURGER, S JENG, LL HAMILTON, PM AF MOORE, RM HAMBURGER, S JENG, LL HAMILTON, PM TI ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANT DEVICES - PREVALENCE AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS FROM THE 1988 NATIONAL-HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material AB National population-based estimates on the magnitude and distribution of orthopedic implant devices in the United States have not been available to date. The Food and Drug Administration's Center for Devices and Radiological Health (FDA/CDRH) collaborated with the Centers for Disease Control's National Center for Health Statistics (CDC/NCHS) in the design and conduct of a nationwide medical device implant survey to generate the first national population-based prevalence estimates of orthopedic implant devices. A Medical Device Implant Supplement to the 1988 National Health Interview Survey was administered in personal household interviews to a national sample of 47,485 households, which included 122,310 individuals. An estimated 6.5 million orthopedic implants were in use in the general US population in 1988, including 1.6 million artificial joints and 4.9 million fixation devices. As a group, orthopedic implants comprised nearly half of all medical device implants in use, 43.4%. The majority of artificial joint recipients were 65 years of age or older, white, and male. The majority of fixation device recipients were less than 45 years of age, white, and male. The limitations and strengths of these population-based estimates are discussed. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HF2-116,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1045-4861 J9 J APPL BIOMATER JI J. Appl. Biomater. PD SUM PY 1991 VL 2 IS 2 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1002/jab.770020208 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA FN003 UT WOS:A1991FN00300007 PM 10171122 ER PT J AU TOONE, WM RUDD, KE FRIESEN, JD AF TOONE, WM RUDD, KE FRIESEN, JD TI DEAD, A NEW ESCHERICHIA-COLI GENE ENCODING A PRESUMED ATP-DEPENDENT RNA HELICASE, CAN SUPPRESS A MUTATION IN RPSB, THE GENE ENCODING RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN-S2 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RNA; TRANSLATION-INITIATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; HISTIDINE OPERON; PHYSICAL MAP; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; BINDING DOMAIN; SPOT GENE; YEAST; RECOGNITION AB We have cloned and sequenced a new gene from Escherichia coli which encodes a 64-kDa protein. The inferred amino acid sequence of the protein shows remarkable similarity to eIF4A, a murine translation initiation factor that has an ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity and is a founding member of the D-E-A-D family of proteins (characterized by a conserved Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp motif). Our new gene, called deaD, was cloned as a gene dosage-dependent suppressor of temperature-sensitive mutations in rpsB, the gene encoding ribosomal protein S2. We suggest that the DeaD protein plays a hitherto unknown role in translation in E. coli. C1 HOSP SICK CHILDREN,DEPT GENET,555 UNIV ST,TORONTO M5G 1X8,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT MOLEC & MED GENET,TORONTO M5S 1A8,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 66 TC 118 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 173 IS 11 BP 3291 EP 3302 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA FP532 UT WOS:A1991FP53200007 PM 2045359 ER PT J AU ROSENBERG, AS MUNITZ, TI MANIERO, TG SINGER, A AF ROSENBERG, AS MUNITZ, TI MANIERO, TG SINGER, A TI CELLULAR BASIS OF SKIN ALLOGRAFT-REJECTION ACROSS A CLASS-I MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY BARRIER IN MICE DEPLETED OF CD8+ T-CELLS INVIVO SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL LANGERHANS CELLS; MULTIVALENT CROSS-LINKING; LYMPHOCYTES-T; DENDRITIC CELLS; PRECURSOR CELLS; SUBSETS; EXPRESSION; RESPONSES; MOLECULES; ANTIGENS AB The present study was undertaken to define the cellular mechanisms involved in the rejection of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I disparate skin grafts by mice depleted of CD8+ T cells in vivo. Mice were effectively depleted of CD8+ T cells by adult thymectomy followed by in vivo administration of anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and then engrafted with allogeneic skin. We found that CD8 depleted mice did reject MHC class I disparate skin grafts, but only when the grafts also expressed additional alloantigens. Despite the marked depletion of CD8+ T cells in these mice, we found that their rejection of MHC class I disparate grafts was mediated by CD8+ cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) effectors that had escaped depletion. These CD8+ CTL effectors were unique in that: (a) their generation was dependent upon the injected anti-CD8 mAb and upon exposure to class I MHC alloantigens expressed on the engrafted skin, and (b) their effector function was resistant to blockade by anti-CD8 mAb. We observed that the additional alloantigens coexpressed on MHC class I disparate grafts that triggered graft rejection in CD8-depleted mice could be MHC-linked or not and that they functioned in these rejection responses to activate third party specific CD4+ T helper (Th) cells to provide helper signals for the generation of CD8+ anti-CD8 resistant CTL effector cells. Thus, mice depleted of CD8+ T cells by thymectomy and in vivo administration of anti-CD8 mAb harbor a unique population of anti-CD8 resistant, CD8+ effector cells that mediate anti-MHC class I responses in vivo and in vitro, but require help from third party specific Th cells to do so. C1 NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP ROSENBERG, AS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 30 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 1991 VL 173 IS 6 BP 1463 EP 1471 DI 10.1084/jem.173.6.1463 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FN859 UT WOS:A1991FN85900017 PM 1674524 ER PT J AU REYNOLDS, CT DIERKSHEIDE, WC AF REYNOLDS, CT DIERKSHEIDE, WC TI MEDICAL DEVICE AND LABORATORY PRODUCT PROBLEM REPORTING FROM PHYSICIANS OFFICES SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF TRAINING & ASSISTANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP REYNOLDS, CT (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 32 IS 6 BP 634 EP 636 PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FR074 UT WOS:A1991FR07400019 PM 2040891 ER PT J AU ELLNER, JJ GOLDBERGER, MJ PARENTI, DM AF ELLNER, JJ GOLDBERGER, MJ PARENTI, DM TI MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM INFECTION AND AIDS - A THERAPEUTIC DILEMMA IN RAPID EVOLUTION SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; LIPOSOME-ENCAPSULATED-AMIKACIN; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; COMPLEX INFECTION; BEIGE MICE; INTRACELLULARE INFECTIONS; INVIVO ACTIVITY; SEROAGGLUTINATION CHARACTERISTICS AB NOTE FROM DR. MERLE A. SANDE - The role of Mycobacterium avium as a pathogen in the human immunodeficiency virus-infected population has been confusing and controversial to clinicians who care for AIDS patients. The organism is commonly isolated from respiratory secretions of patients with other infections and often seems part of the resident flora; even when isolated from the bone marrow or bloodstream, its impact on the course of AIDS and contribution to systemic diseases are unknown. However, an increasing subset of patients without other documented opportunistic infections or malignancies has symptoms that respond to therapy directed against M. avium. Studies are in progress to evaluate chemotherapeutic agents. Accordingly, the subject is here reviewed and guidelines offered to infectious disease clinicians by one with a long-standing interest in mycobacterial disease who has made numerous contributions to the field. C1 US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUGS PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV HOSP CLEVELAND,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. RP ELLNER, JJ (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,DIV INFECT DIS,2109 ADELBERT RD,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-30189, AI-25867, AI-25879] NR 86 TC 219 Z9 223 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 163 IS 6 BP 1326 EP 1335 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA FP534 UT WOS:A1991FP53400023 PM 2037799 ER PT J AU SCHAUDIES, RP SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ AF SCHAUDIES, RP SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ TI ALTERATION IN LEVELS OF IMMUNOREACTIVE EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL MUCOSA OF FISCHER RATS FED A DIET CONTAINING 10-PERCENT WHEAT BRAN SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; DIETARY FIBER; COLON; RATS ID INDUCED INTESTINAL CARCINOGENESIS; INDUCED COLON CARCINOGENESIS; DEHYDRATED CITRUS FIBER; CELL-PROLIFERATION; FACTOR RECEPTORS; F344 RATS; DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE; CANCER; TUMORS; EGF AB This study evaluates the effect of dietary wheat bran on the levels of immunoreactive epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the gastrointestinal mucosa of Fischer 344 rats. Male rats were fed either a fiber-free diet or a diet containing 10% wheat bran (nine animals per group) for a period of 5 wk. The gastrointestinal tract of each animal was divided into four segments: proximal, middle and distal small intestine, and colon. Mucosa was removed by scraping, EGF was extracted by homogenization and the extracts were analyzed for immunoreactive rat EGF using a homologous RIA. Levels of immunoreactive EGF in all regions of the small intestine of Fischer rats were comparable to our previous measurements in Sprague-Dawley rats, and these levels were unaffected by diet. In contrast, the EGF levels in the colon of the Fischer rats were approximately fivefold greater than those of the Sprague-Dawley rats. These higher levels of immunoreactive EGF in the colon decreased 63% with the addition of 10% wheat bran to the diet (P < 0.02). These results represent the first demonstration of dietary fiber modulating the content of EGF in the gastrointestinal tract. C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SCHAUDIES, RP (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 121 IS 6 BP 800 EP 805 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA FM509 UT WOS:A1991FM50900005 PM 2033465 ER PT J AU HERTZMAN, PA FALK, H KILBOURNE, EM PAGE, S SHULMAN, LE AF HERTZMAN, PA FALK, H KILBOURNE, EM PAGE, S SHULMAN, LE TI THE EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME - THE LOS-ALAMOS CONFERENCE SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE EOSINOPHILIA; EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA SYNDROME; EOSINOPHILIC FASCIITIS ID L-TRYPTOPHAN INGESTION; ASSOCIATION; FASCIITIS; FEATURES; DISEASE; ILLNESS AB On June 12 and 13, 1990 the Los Alamos National Laboratory in cooperation with the New Mexico Department of Health and Environment, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) hosted a conference on the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. Fifty presentations covered a variety of important issues which are summarized herein. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NIAMSD,BETHESDA,MD. RP HERTZMAN, PA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS MED CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 33 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 18 IS 6 BP 867 EP 873 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA FU454 UT WOS:A1991FU45400016 PM 1680191 ER PT J AU TYLENDA, CA ROBERTS, MW ELIN, RJ LI, SH ALTEMUS, M AF TYLENDA, CA ROBERTS, MW ELIN, RJ LI, SH ALTEMUS, M TI BULIMIA-NERVOSA - ITS EFFECT ON SALIVARY CHEMISTRY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENT AGE-GROUPS; EATING DISORDERS; ANOREXIA-NERVOSA; FLOW-RATE; HYPERAMYLASEMIA AB Erosion of the dental hard tissues and enlarged parotid and submandibular saliva glands are commonly associated with bulimia nervosa. In 15 patients and controls, no significant difference was detected in the concentrations of potassium, chloride, calcium, urea nitrogen or albumin. There was also no evidence of olfactory dysfunction. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH DENT,DEPT PEDIAT DENT,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27514. NIH,WARREN G MAGNUSON CLIN CTR,DEPT CLIN PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIMH,MED STAFF,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIDR,EPIDEMIOL & ORAL DIS PREVENT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP TYLENDA, CA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,1390 PILLARD DR,ROOM 240B,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 122 IS 7 BP 37 EP 41 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA FQ068 UT WOS:A1991FQ06800010 PM 2066518 ER PT J AU BETZ, JM DERMARDEROSIAN, AH AF BETZ, JM DERMARDEROSIAN, AH TI ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MARINE ORGANISMS SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SPONGE CLIONA-CELATA; LINEAR PEPTIDE ALKALOIDS; ANTI-NEOPLASTIC AGENTS; ECTEINASCIDIA-TURBINATA; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; LIMULUS-POLYPHEMUS; ASTERIAS-VULGARIS; BUGULA-NERITINA; HORSESHOE CRAB AB Methanol extracts of forty species of freeze-dried marine organism (representing twelve phyla) were screened for antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans ATCC # 10231, Escherichia coli ATCC # 11775, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC # 12600, Proteus vulgaris ATCC # 13315 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC # 10145. Thirty of the forty organisms tested (75 percent) displayed activity against one or more of the microorganisms assayed. Only nine of the extracts (23 percent) possessed anti-yeast activity. C1 PHILADELPHIA COLL PHARM & SCI,DEPT BIOL SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP BETZ, JM (reprint author), US FDA,NAT PROD & INSTRUMENTAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1828 L ST NW 9TH FLOOR, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0025-3324 J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J. PD SUM PY 1991 VL 25 IS 2 BP 57 EP 64 PG 8 WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA GC686 UT WOS:A1991GC68600008 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, M FAIRWEATHER, NF LEININGER, E PICKARD, D HEWLETT, EL ROBINSON, A HAYWARD, C DOUGAN, G CHARLES, IG AF ROBERTS, M FAIRWEATHER, NF LEININGER, E PICKARD, D HEWLETT, EL ROBINSON, A HAYWARD, C DOUGAN, G CHARLES, IG TI CONSTRUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS MUTANTS LACKING THE VIR-REGULATED P69 OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PATHOGEN-FREE PIGLETS; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; VIRULENCE FACTORS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BRONCHISEPTICA; TOXIN; IDENTIFICATION; CELLS AB The Bordetella pertussis P.69 protein is an immunogen with vaccine potential. The role of this protein in pathogenesis is unclear; it has been associated with the toxic adenylate cyclase and adhesion to eukaryotic cells. For further analysis of the role of P.69 in the biology of B. pertussis, we have constructed strains which specifically lack P.69. The cloned P.69 (prn) gene of B. pertussis was insertionally inactivated with a kanamycin-resistance cassette. This inactivated gene was used to construct P.69- mutants of B. pertussis by allelic exchange using plasmid pRTP1. B. pertussis P.69- strains produced normal levles of other vir-regulated factors, including adenylate cyclase. The serotype of B. pertussis, determined by Eldering and Preston typing sera and monoclonal antibodies, was also unaffected by the presence or absence of P.69. The ability of a prn mutant to adhere to and invade HEp2 cells was not significantly different from that of its parent strain. A strain containing a mutation in fhaB was significantly less adhesive and invasive than its parent, and a prn fhaB double mutant exhibited an even greater reduction in adhesiveness and invasiveness down to levels comparable with a Vir- strain. However, strains harbouring mutations in FHA and/or P.69 were able to colonize or multiply in the murine respiratory tract, although a Vir- strain was unable to survive and proliferate in the same infection model. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. PUBL HLTH LAB SERV,CTR APPL MICROBIOL & RES,DIV BIOL,SALISBURY SP4 0JG,WILTS,ENGLAND. UNIV VIRGINIA,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22908. RP ROBERTS, M (reprint author), WELLCOME BIOTECH,DEPT MOLEC BIOL,LANGLEY COURT,BECKENHAM BR3 3BS,KENT,ENGLAND. NR 49 TC 71 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1393 EP 1404 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb00786.x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA FT133 UT WOS:A1991FT13300012 PM 1787793 ER PT J AU CASCIANO, DA TALASKA, G CLIVE, D AF CASCIANO, DA TALASKA, G CLIVE, D TI THE POTENT HEPATOCARCINOGEN METHAPYRILENE INDUCES MUTATIONS IN L5178Y MOUSE LYMPHOMA-CELLS IN THE APPARENT ABSENCE OF DNA ADDUCT FORMATION SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ANTIHISTAMINE; METHAPYRILENE; HEPATOCARCINOGEN; DNA ADDUCT; 32P-POSTLABELING ID RAT-LIVER; ANTIHISTAMINE METHAPYRILENE; 42 CHEMICALS; ASSAY; MUTAGENICITY; GENOTOXICITY; INVITRO; LOCUS; N-2-FLUORENYLACETAMIDE; CARCINOGENICITY AB The antihistamine methapyrilene hydrochloride has been shown to be a potent hepatocarcinogen in Fischer 344 rats. It has also been evaluated in a number of short-term in vivo and in vitro genotoxicity assays with conflicting results. We studied its ability to form DNA adducts in the L5178Y/TK+/- mouse lymphoma cells, an assay system in which methapyrilene is a moderately active mutagen and appears to induce mutations predominantly of chromosomal origin. Methapyrilene failed to induce formation of DNA adducts in L5178Y cell DNA at doses which induced mutations at the thymidine kinase locus. These data suggest that methapyrilene induces mutations in this system through an indirect genotoxic mechanism; e.g., via an oxidative mechanism or interaction with chromosomal proteins. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. WELLCOME RES LABS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP CASCIANO, DA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JUN PY 1991 VL 263 IS 2 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1016/0165-7992(91)90070-K PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA FT581 UT WOS:A1991FT58100010 PM 2046705 ER PT J AU KAUFMAN, HH LEWIN, J MUNZNER, R PEARSON, J SULLIVAN, R RECTOR, S VANNOY, DW FROST, JL BRISELL, D AF KAUFMAN, HH LEWIN, J MUNZNER, R PEARSON, J SULLIVAN, R RECTOR, S VANNOY, DW FROST, JL BRISELL, D TI ETHICAL AND LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE NEUROSURGEON - SELECTED TOPICS SO NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE CONFIDENTIALITY; DEVICES; DRUGS; IMPAIRED PHYSICIAN; LAW; MEDICAL ETHICS; REPORTABLE DISEASES ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; IMPAIRED PHYSICIANS; DRUG PROBLEMS; TECHNOLOGY; EXPERIENCE; PATIENT; VIRUS; CARE AB There are many ethical and legal implications in a variety of activities in the neurosurgeon's day-to-day practice. Awareness of and proper attention to these issues are a professional responsibility that should be attended to, to ensure that the practice of medicine is carried out efficiently and effectively, to maintain public confidence, and to try to avoid micromanagement by third parties. The authors discuss four such subjects of particular interest to them, namely: 1) reporting of certain diseases and conditions to authorities and third parties; 2) acting without the consent of the patient to prevent harm to him or her and/or others; 3) reporting problems with drugs and devices; and 4) the detection and treatment of colleagues impaired by alcohol, drugs, or mental or physical illness. C1 W VIRGINIA UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT COMMUNITY MED,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. W VIRGINIA UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. W VIRGINIA UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. W VIRGINIA UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. W VIRGINIA UNIV,COLL LAW,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. W VIRGINIA UNIV,OFF PRESIDENT,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. W VIRGINIA UNIV HOSP INC,LEGAL SERV,MORGANTOWN,WV. US FDA,NEUROL DEVICES PANEL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. OFF CHIEF MED EXAMINER,N CENT REG,MORGANTOWN,WV. RP KAUFMAN, HH (reprint author), W VIRGINIA UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROSURG,3610 HLTH SCI CTR,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506, USA. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0148-396X J9 NEUROSURGERY JI Neurosurgery PD JUN PY 1991 VL 28 IS 6 BP 918 EP 923 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA FM733 UT WOS:A1991FM73300027 PM 2067622 ER PT J AU JOHANNESSEN, JN AF JOHANNESSEN, JN TI A MODEL OF CHRONIC NEUROTOXICITY - LONG-TERM RETENTION OF THE NEUROTOXIN 1-METHYL-4-PHENYLPYRIDINIUM (MPP+) WITHIN CATECHOLAMINERGIC NEURONS SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MPTP; MPP+; VESICLE; MONOAMINE OXIDASE; PARKINSONISM; ENVIRONMENTAL ID PARKINSONISM-INDUCING NEUROTOXIN; MONOAMINE-OXIDASE INHIBITORS; MPTP-INDUCED PARKINSONISM; ENERGY-DRIVEN UPTAKE; 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE MPTP; DOPAMINERGIC NEUROTOXICITY; BRAIN MITOCHONDRIA; SUBSTANTIA NIGRA; TOXIC METABOLITE; UPTAKE BLOCKER AB The mechanism by which 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) produces lesions in the nigrostriatal dopamine system has been extensively studied. MPTP, a lipophilic molecule, enters the brain rapidly where it is converted to the pyridinium metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), by a two-step reaction that requires the enzyme monoamine oxidase. Following this conversion, which occurs primarily in astrocytes, MPP+ is sequestered within monoaminergic neurons by the energy-requiring monoaminergic transporters. Inside the neuron, MPP+ is thought to act as a mitochondrial toxin, slowly sapping the neuron of its energy-producing potential by blocking the action of NADH dehydrogenase. Much attention has been focused on cell death after MPTP administration, but little attention has been paid to the effects of small subtoxic doses of MPTP (i.e., doses that do not produce overt neuropathologic changes), which might occur during environmental exposure to a nigrostriatal toxin. Low doses of MPTP (as little as 1/25th of a toxic dose) produce long-term (> 6 weeks) but reversible changes in catecholamine metabolism. These changes are characterized by a decrease in the products of enzymatic oxidative deamination without a concomitant decrease in the amine concentrations (apparent MAO inhibition). Striatal concentrations of MPP+, which is retained in catecholaminergic terminals for similarly long periods, parallel the metabolic changes. Thus, the long-term storage of the MPTP metabolite, MPP+, correlates with altered catecholamine metabolism. The data on the effects of MPTP have been combined into a working model of how MPP+ exerts its effects following subtoxic or toxic doses. The site of this long-term neuronal storage of MPP+ after exposure to subtoxic doses of MPTP is as yet undetermined, but several studies suggest that monoaminergic vesicles may be the primary site, with mitochondria contributing some storage capacity. This vesicular site could represent a potential brain site for the accumulation of toxins during continual or repeated exposure to low levels of MPTP. Induced release from this site might accelerate the toxic interactions with cellular components such as mitochondria. RP JOHANNESSEN, JN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFF-162,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 80 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTOX PRESS INC PI LITTLE ROCK PA PO BOX 24865, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72221 SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD SUM PY 1991 VL 12 IS 2 BP 285 EP 302 PG 18 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA FP812 UT WOS:A1991FP81200012 PM 1956587 ER PT J AU LIPE, GW ALI, SF NEWPORT, GD SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W AF LIPE, GW ALI, SF NEWPORT, GD SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W TI EFFECT OF TRIMETHYLTIN ON AMINO-ACID-CONCENTRATIONS IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE MOUSE-BRAIN SO PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-BINDING; EXPOSURE; RAT AB Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxic compound known to cause marked alterations in brain chemistry. We have previously demonstrated that a single oral dose of TMT produced a dose-dependent decrease in muscarinic cholinergic receptors in mouse brain and significantly elevated glutamine in several regions of the rat brain. This study was designed to determine if TMT produced dose- and time-related alterations in amino acid concentrations in the adult male C57BL/6N mouse brain and in peripheral organs and plasma. In the dose-response study, TMT was administered orally as a single dose of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 or 5.0 mg/kg and animals were sacrificed 24 hr after treatment. In the time-course study, mice were dosed with TMT at 3.0 mg/kg and sacrificed 4, 12, 24, 48 or 96 hr after dosing. Amino acid concentrations were quantified by HPLC/EC following precolumn derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde-tert-butylthiol. TMT produced dose-dependent increases in aspartate, glutamine and glycine in the caudate nucleus (CN), frontal cortex (FC) and hippocampus (HIP) at 3.0 and 5.0 mg/kg. TMT at 3.0 mg/kg produced significant increases of aspartate in FC and HIP after 48 hr. Glutamine concentrations were significantly increased at 24 and 48 hr in HIP and at 48 hr in CN. Glycine and GABA concentrations were significantly increased at 48 and 96 hr respectively in the HIP. Glutamine was increased in plasma at 4 and 12 hr and in liver at 24 hr. Hyperammonemia occurred in plasma after 8 hr and continued through 24 hr and was accompanied by an increase in serum urea nitrogen. These data demonstrate that a single dose of TMT produces significant alterations in amino acid concentrations in several brain regions and in peripheral systems in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The dose- and time-dependency of the alterations reported here in the mouse, and previously in the rat, suggest that alterations in amino acid and ammonia concentrations can be used as a multispecies biomarker for TMT neurotoxicity. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0901-9928 J9 PHARMACOL TOXICOL JI Pharmacol. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 68 IS 6 BP 450 EP 455 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA FV919 UT WOS:A1991FV91900006 PM 1891440 ER PT J AU HOLSON, RR SCALLET, AC ALI, SF TURNER, BB AF HOLSON, RR SCALLET, AC ALI, SF TURNER, BB TI ISOLATION STRESS REVISITED - ISOLATION-REARING EFFECTS DEPEND ON ANIMAL CARE METHODS SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE ISOLATION; HANDLING; EARLY EXPERIENCE; CORTICOSTERONE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; STRESS; OPEN FIELD; ACTIVITY; EMOTIONALITY ID LONG-TERM ISOLATION; EARLY ENVIRONMENTAL-INFLUENCES; SOCIAL-ISOLATION; LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; ANTI-DEPRESSANTS; REARED RATS; HYPERACTIVITY; BEHAVIOR; EXPLORATION; DEPRIVATION AB Early reports of enhanced behavioral reactivity in isolation-reared rats attributed this syndrome to "isolation stress." In the studies reported here, this "isolation stress syndrome" was reliably obtained in adult rats reared from weaning in individual hanging metal cages. Such isolates showed behavioral and adrenocortical symptoms of profound fear during open-field testing, unlike group-housed controls or littermate isolates reared singly in plastic cages. Animals in hanging metal cages are never touched by human caretakers, whereas rats reared in plastic cages are picked up and put in clean cages twice weekly. Handling hanging-cage isolates twice weekly to model the handling associated with cage changes completely protected against this syndrome. Further, there was no hormonal, neurochemical or anatomical evidence of chronic stress even in hanging-cage isolates. Littermates housed in social groupings (three rats per plastic cage) also froze and defecated in the open field at rates comparable to hanging-cage isolates if they were the first animals to be tested from their social group cage. It is probable that odor cues from familiar cagemates in the open field protected socially reared animals tested subsequently from the same cage from this syndrome. It is concluded that isolates are not chronically stressed, and that rearing effects are the result of a complex interaction between prior handling, social experience and test conditions. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL,DIV INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. E TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,JAMES H QUILLEN COLL MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,JOHNSON CITY,TN 37614. RP HOLSON, RR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PERINATAL & POSTNATAL EVALUAT BRANCH,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-22158] NR 57 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1107 EP 1118 DI 10.1016/0031-9384(91)90338-O PG 12 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA FW454 UT WOS:A1991FW45400012 PM 1896492 ER PT J AU TALASKA, G ALJUBURI, AZSS KADLUBAR, FF AF TALASKA, G ALJUBURI, AZSS KADLUBAR, FF TI SMOKING RELATED CARCINOGEN DNA ADDUCTS IN BIOPSY SAMPLES OF HUMAN URINARY-BLADDER - IDENTIFICATION OF N-(DEOXYGUANOSIN-8-YL)-4-AMINOBIPHENYL AS A MAJOR ADDUCT SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE P-32P-POSTLABELING; URINARY BLADDER CANCER; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY ID P-32-POSTLABELING ASSAY; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; AROMATIC-AMINES; SMOKERS; 4-AMINOBIPHENYL; NONSMOKERS; TOBACCO; SENSITIVITY; ENHANCEMENT AB The prevalence of covalent modifications to DNA (carcinogen-DNA adducts) in 42 human urinary bladder biopsy samples was investigated by P-32 postlabeling methods, with enhancement by both nuclease P1 treatment and 1-butanol extraction. Total mean carcinogen-DNA adduct levels and the mean levels or several specific adducts were significantly elevated in DNA samples of 13 current smokers, as opposed to 9 never smokers or 20 ex-smokers (5 years abstinence). There was no significant difference between the latter two groups. Several DNA adducts enhanced by nuclease P1 treatment were chromatographically similar to putative hydrocarbon DNA adducts reported earlier for placenta and lung DNA samples obtained from cigarette smokers. Putative aromatic amine adducts were detected by 1-butanol extraction that were not present when the samples were treated with nuclease P1. One of these displayed chromatographic behavior identical to the predominant adduct induced by the human urinary bladder carcinogen, 4-aminobiphenyl, which is present in cigarette smoke. This adduct comigrated in several thin-layer chromatographic systems with a synthetic N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-amino [2,2'-H-3]biphenyl-3',5'-bisphosphate marker. Moreover, when this adduct was eluted from the thin-layer chromatograms of several individuals and injected onto an HPLC system, the P-32 from the human bladder DNA samples coeluted in the same fraction as the tritiated synthetic N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl marker. These data reinforce an association between cigarette smoking and DNA damage and suggest a molecular basis for the initiation of human urinary bladder cancer by cigarette smoke. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI, DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH, CINCINNATI, OH 45267 USA. JOHN A MCCLELLAN MEM VET ADM HOSP, DEPT UROL, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. RP TALASKA, G (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NR 35 TC 212 Z9 212 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 88 IS 12 BP 5350 EP 5354 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.12.5350 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FR448 UT WOS:A1991FR44800059 PM 2052611 ER PT J AU BENCSATH, FA DICKEY, RW AF BENCSATH, FA DICKEY, RW TI MASS-SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OKADAIC ACID AND SIMPLE DERIVATIVES SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID FAST ATOM BOMBARDMENT; DIARRHETIC SHELLFISH TOXINS; DINOFLAGELLATE TOXINS; SPECTROMETRY; POLYETHER; IDENTIFICATION AB Electron ionization (EI), chemical ionization (CI) and fast-atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra of the marine toxin okadaic acid and its synthetic methyl, pentafluorobenzyl, and trimethylsilyl ester and ether derivatives were generated. Several ionization conditions and ion-processing methods were used to obtain positive- and negative-ion conventional spectra and tandem (MS/MS) spectra. The EI and the positive-ion CI spectra provided fragment ions characteristic of the structure, and the negative-ion CI and FAB spectra provided molecular ions. The addition of alkali salts to the FAB matrix resulted in reduced fragmentation and the formation of intense alkali-metal-cationized molecules. Pentafluorobenzyl ester derivatives provided intense carboxylate ions under electron-capture ionization. Analytically useful MS/MS spectra were obtained by low-energy collision-induced decomposition of the carboxylate anion produced from the tetrasilylated pentafluorobenzylokadaate. C1 UNIV SO ALABAMA,COLL MED,CTR MASS SPECTROMETRY,MOBILE,AL 36688. US FDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP 283 EP 290 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290050608 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA FQ623 UT WOS:A1991FQ62300007 PM 1804418 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW KODELL, RL AF CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW KODELL, RL TI JOINT RISK FROM MULTIPLE COMPOUND EXPOSURE - REPLY SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Letter RP CHEN, JJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD JUN PY 1991 VL 11 IS 2 BP 185 EP 185 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1991.tb00592.x PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA FT984 UT WOS:A1991FT98400004 ER PT J AU HANSEN, DK GRAFTON, TF AF HANSEN, DK GRAFTON, TF TI LACK OF ATTENUATION OF VALPROIC ACID-INDUCED EFFECTS BY FOLINIC ACID IN RAT EMBRYOS INVITRO SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; CD-1 MOUSE FETUS; CALCIUM VALPROATE; TERATOGENICITY; CULTURE; SUPPLEMENTATION; SERUM; ANTICONVULSANT; EMBRYOTOXICITY; CARBAMAZEPINE AB The anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (VPA) is suspected to be a developmental toxicant in humans, inducing primarily neural tube defects. The mechanism for this effect is unknown, but it has been suggested that the drug may act via a deficiency of the vitamin folic acid. We examined this possibility by concurrent treatment of rat embryos in a whole embryo culture system with VPA and folinic acid (FA), a folic acid derivative. Groups of CD rat embryos were treated with various concentrations of VPA, various concentrations of FA, or a combination of a teratogenic dose of VPA plus various levels of FA. At the end of the 44 hour culture period, each embryo was evaluated for viability (presence of a heartbeat), yolk sac circulation, presence of any malformations, morphological score, crown-rump and head lengths, as well as DNA and protein contents. The anticonvulsant did not decrease viability but did decrease yolk sac circulation and all growth and developmental endpoints in a dose-responsive manner. There was also a dose-related increase in the incidence of open neural tubes. The addition of FA alone had no significant effect on growth and development. When various concentrations of FA were added simultaneously with a teratogenic dose of VPA, there was no decrease in the incidence of open neural tubes. Growth and developmental endpoints were altered in a somewhat random fashion but were never increased to the control level. The lack of attenuation by FA was not due to instability of the compound in the culture system, nor was there a difference in the amount of FA present in the exocoelomic fluid of VPA-treated and control embryos. Overall, these results suggest that VPA-induced open neural tubes in rat embryos cultured in vitro are not due to a deficiency of folinic acid. RP HANSEN, DK (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 38 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD JUN PY 1991 VL 43 IS 6 BP 575 EP 582 DI 10.1002/tera.1420430612 PG 8 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA FN621 UT WOS:A1991FN62100011 PM 1882348 ER PT J AU EPSTEIN, JS AF EPSTEIN, JS TI SENSITIVITY AND CONSISTENCY OF SCREENING-TESTS FOR ANTIBODIES TO HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Editorial Material ID HIV RP EPSTEIN, JS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP 388 EP 389 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263189.x PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA FR276 UT WOS:A1991FR27600003 PM 2048174 ER PT J AU PRODOUZ, KN LYTLE, CD KEVILLE, EA BUDACZ, AP VARGO, S FRATANTONI, JC AF PRODOUZ, KN LYTLE, CD KEVILLE, EA BUDACZ, AP VARGO, S FRATANTONI, JC TI INHIBITION BY ALBUMIN OF MEROCYANINE 540-MEDIATED PHOTOSENSITIZATION OF PLATELETS AND VIRUSES SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; FLUORESCENT-PROBE; NORMAL-CELLS; INACTIVATION; MEMBRANES; OXYGEN; BLOOD; INVOLVEMENT; SURVIVAL AB The effect of the photosensitizer merocyanine 540 (MC 540) on platelets and on three marker viruses was examined to assess its potential in reducing virus transmission by blood products. The results demonstrated several deleterious effects of MC 540 (4-24-mu-g/mL) on platelet morphology and function in both the absence and presence of light (450-600 nm). Treatment of washed platelets with MC 540 in the dark resulted in a significant release of serotonin in the absence of added agonist, as well as a diminished response to thrombin as measured in vitro. In addition, photosensitization caused spontaneous platelet aggregation and release of 92 percent of the releasable serotonin without the addition of an agonist. Because phototreatment of blood products is likely to be performed in a protein-rich medium, the influence of albumin on the phototoxic effects on platelets was assessed. Albumin added to the suspension medium at concentrations greater-than-or-equal-to 1.0 percent protected the platelets against the effects of MC 540 in the dark, whereas 5-percent albumin was required for protection against the phototoxic effects of MC 540 on the platelet response to thrombin. The antiviral activity of MC 540 and light was examined by using the lipid-containing viruses herpes simplex virus (HSV) and bacteriophages phi-6 and PM2. Of the lipid-enveloped viruses, HSV was 25 times more photosensitive to MC 540 than was phi-6 (15-mu-g/mL). PM2, which has an internal lipid layer, was almost 300 times less sensitive to MC 540 and light than was HSV. Photoinactivation of phi-6 and PM2 (by 18 J/cm2) was completely prevented by the addition of 5-percent albumin to the medium. Under these conditions, HSV was still inactivated but was nearly 200 times less sensitive. Therefore, the addition of albumin to protect platelets from damage induced by treatment with MC 540 and light reduced markedly the inactivation of viruses by such treatment. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,CELLULAR HEMATOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP PRODOUZ, KN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29,ROOM 329,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP 415 EP 422 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263196.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA FR276 UT WOS:A1991FR27600011 PM 1646502 ER PT J AU MAYO, DJ ROSE, AM MATCHETT, SE HOPPE, PA SOLOMON, JM MCCURDY, KK AF MAYO, DJ ROSE, AM MATCHETT, SE HOPPE, PA SOLOMON, JM MCCURDY, KK TI SCREENING POTENTIAL BLOOD-DONORS AT RISK FOR HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Note ID HIV ANTIBODY; TRANSFUSION; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; TYPE-1; AIDS AB Even though all blood donated for transfusion is tested for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies, there exists a period of time after infection by the virus before these antibodies can be detected. Blood donated during this window period is capable of transmitting the virus. Therefore, the blood of persons who are at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) should not enter the blood supply. Over a period of 4 months, 6573 potential blood donors who entered fixed and mobile blood collection sites in two cities were exposed to alternative interventions the aim of which was to exclude persons at risk for AIDS. We compared the interventions to one another and to existing materials in terms of the numbers of at-risk persons who did or did not donate for transfusion, the amount of attention paid to the materials, the scores on a comprehension test, and the self-reports by the subjects of attitudes towards the various interventions. At-risk donors who were asked direct AIDS risk behavior questions in addition to the current health history questions were more likely to be screened out than those who underwent alternative health history interviews (p < 0.01). Potential donors paid more attention to the experimental brochures than to the experimental video or current materials (p < 0.05). Comprehension scores were better for the new brochure and the video than for the current brochure (p < 0.05). Donors were not offended by the experimental interventions. Providing donors with new materials that increase attention and comprehension was not more effective than current materials in screening out potential donors at risk for HIV. Asking donors specific questions about participating in risk behaviors was significantly more effective in screening out at-risk donors than oral presentation of AIDS information. C1 US FDA,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP MAYO, DJ (reprint author), AMER INST RES,3333 K ST NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007, USA. FU PHS HHS [223-88-1002] NR 21 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 1991 VL 31 IS 5 BP 466 EP 477 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1991.31591263204.x PG 12 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA FR276 UT WOS:A1991FR27600019 PM 2048185 ER PT J AU DONNELLY, RP FENTON, MJ KAUFMAN, JD GERRARD, TL AF DONNELLY, RP FENTON, MJ KAUFMAN, JD GERRARD, TL TI IL-1 EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONOCYTES IS TRANSCRIPTIONALLY AND POSTTRANSCRIPTIONALLY REGULATED BY IL-4 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; CELL GROWTH-FACTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; GENE-EXPRESSION; INTERLEUKIN-1 IL-1; FACTOR CACHECTIN; BINDING-PROTEIN; B-CELLS; IDENTIFICATION AB The T cell-derived lymphkine, IL-4, inhibits production of IL-1-beta by normal human monocytes. To determine whether IL-4 suppresses IL-1 expression by a transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional mechanism, we evaluated the half-life of LPS-induced IL-1-beta message and transcriptional rate of the pro-IL-1-beta gene in human monocytes after treatment with IL-4. Although the initial steady-state IL-1 mRNA levels in control and IL-4-treated monocytes were comparable during the first 2 h after stimulation with LPS, IL-1 message levels subsequently decreased at a significantly greater rate in the IL-4-treated cells. Thus, IL-4 did not prevent the initial expression of IL-1 message, but did accelerate down-regulation of IL-1 mRNA in LPS-stimulated monocytes. The initial 2 to 3 h lag period may be necessary for production of a protein(s) that mediates this inhibitory effect because treatment with the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, blocked the marked reduction of IL-1 message levels induced by IL-4. Nuclear run-on analyses demonstrated that IL-4 decreases IL-1 mRNA levels, in part, by repressing IL-1 gene transcription. Furthermore, mRNA half-life studies showed that IL-4 also significantly increases the rate of IL-1 message turnover in these cells. Together, these findings demonstrate that IL-4 inhibits IL-1 production in human monocytes by suppressing the formation of new IL-1 transcripts as well as by decreasing IL-1 message stability. In addition, the kinetics of inhibition and the fact that cycloheximide blocks this process suggest that IL-4 induces or enhances synthesis of a protein(s) that mediates these effects. C1 BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02118. RP DONNELLY, RP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,HFB-800,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 29088] NR 49 TC 129 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 15 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 10 BP 3431 EP 3436 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FL836 UT WOS:A1991FL83600022 PM 2026872 ER PT J AU WEBB, DSA MOSTOWSKI, HS GERRARD, TL AF WEBB, DSA MOSTOWSKI, HS GERRARD, TL TI CYTOKINE-INDUCED ENHANCEMENT OF ICAM-1 EXPRESSION RESULTS IN INCREASED VULNERABILITY OF TUMOR-CELLS TO MONOCYTE-MEDIATED LYSIS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERCELLULAR-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IMMUNE INTERFERON; LFA-1; ACTIVATION; TOXICITY; LIGAND; INTERLEUKIN-1; INDUCTION; ALPHA AB Pretreatment of the human melanoma cell line, A375, and the human colon carcinoma cell line, HT-29, with certain cytokines was found to increase the vulnerability of these cells to monocyte-mediated killing. This activity was found to correlate with increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the tumor cells and was blocked by anti-ICAM-1 antibodies. Both IFN-gamma and TNF induced large increases in the ICAM-1 expression on both cell lines and increased the susceptibility of the tumor cells to monocyte-mediated killing. IFN-alpha and IL-1-beta however, induced only small increases in ICAM-1 expression and enhanced the lysis of the A375 cells but not the HT-29 cells by monocytes. These differences may be the result of a higher basal expression of ICAM-1 found on the A375 cells when compared with the HT-29 cells. These data indicate that regulation of ICAM-1 expression on tumor cells can alter the vulnerability of these cells to lysis by monocytes. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CYTOKINE RES LAB,BLDG 29A,RM 2A21,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 19 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAY 15 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 10 BP 3682 EP 3686 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FL836 UT WOS:A1991FL83600058 PM 1673988 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI LICENSING OF G-CSF AND GM-CSF SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 8 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 18 BP 2315 EP 2315 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FJ955 UT WOS:A1991FJ95500009 PM 1707990 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI SCIENTIFIC-DATA SOUGHT ON HEALTH CLAIMS ON FOODS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 8 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 18 BP 2315 EP 2315 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FJ955 UT WOS:A1991FJ95500008 PM 1707990 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NUTRITION LABELING AND EDUCATION ACT OF 1990 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 8 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 18 BP 2315 EP 2315 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FJ955 UT WOS:A1991FJ95500007 PM 1707990 ER PT J AU GOLDING, B GOLDING, H PRESTON, S HERNANDEZ, D BEINING, PR MANISCHEWITZ, J HARVATH, L BLACKBURN, R LIZZIO, E HOFFMAN, T AF GOLDING, B GOLDING, H PRESTON, S HERNANDEZ, D BEINING, PR MANISCHEWITZ, J HARVATH, L BLACKBURN, R LIZZIO, E HOFFMAN, T TI PRODUCTION OF A NOVEL ANTIGEN BY CONJUGATION OF HIV-1 TO BRUCELLA-ABORTUS - STUDIES OF IMMUNOGENICITY, ISOTYPE ANALYSIS, T-CELL DEPENDENCY, AND SYNCYTIA INHIBITION SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; INDEPENDENT TYPE-1; MURINE ANTIBODIES; IGG SUBCLASSES; B-CELLS; RESPONSES; ENVELOPE; MICE; RESTRICTION; INFECTIONS AB In the present study inactivated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was conjugated to Brucella abortus and tested for immunogenicity in normal and anti-L3T4-treated BALB/c mice. HIV-BA was more immunogenic than uncoupled HIV in normal mice, since 6-fold less virus in HIV-BA preparations elicited higher titer responses than HIV-1 alone. Furthermore, the HIV-BA antibody response reached higher levels before the HIV-1 response. Immunoblot analysis showed that most of the HIV-1 antigens were recognized by antibodies induced by either HIV-1 or HIV-BA. Isotype analysis revealed that HIV-1 induced similar levels of IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies, whereas the IgG2a responses to HIV-BA were more pronounced than the IgG1 response. These different IgG subclass patterns suggest that conjugation of HIV-1 to BA changed the immunogenic nature of HIV-1. The requirement for helper T cells was examined by immunizing mice that were depleted of CD4+ T cells by in vivo anti-L3T4 treatment. Under these conditions the IgG responses to HIV-1 were completely eliminated. Although HIV-BA antibody responses were markedly reduced in anti-L3T4-treated mice, anti-HIV-1 antibodies, mainly of the IgG2a isotype, were produced. The antibodies generated by HIV-1 and HIV-BA immunization were also tested for their ability to inhibit syncytia formed by infecting HIV-1 and HIV-BA immunization were also tested for their ability to inhibit syncytia formed by infecting CD4+ CEM cells with gp160 vaccinia. Sera from normal mice, immunized with either HIV-1 or HIV-BA were capable of inhibiting syncytia. In contrast, following anti-L3T4 treatment, only mice immunized with HIV-BA, but not HIV-1, produced antibodies capable of inhibiting syncytia. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,PLASMA DERIVAT LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL COMPONENTS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GOLDING, B (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BLDG 29,RM 231,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 7 IS 5 BP 435 EP 446 DI 10.1089/aid.1991.7.435 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA FT600 UT WOS:A1991FT60000003 PM 1678617 ER PT J AU SAAVEDRADELGADO, AMP AF SAAVEDRADELGADO, AMP TI GALEN ON RESPIRATION SO ALLERGY PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article RP SAAVEDRADELGADO, AMP (reprint author), CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ONCOL & PULM DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 SN 1046-9354 J9 ALLERGY PROC JI Allergy Proc. PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 195 EP 196 DI 10.2500/108854191778879502 PG 2 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA FW797 UT WOS:A1991FW79700013 PM 1894137 ER PT J AU SAAVEDRADELGADO, AMP COHEN, SG AF SAAVEDRADELGADO, AMP COHEN, SG TI HUANG-TI, THE YELLOW EMPEROR AND THE NEI CHING - ANTIQUITYS EARLIEST REFERENCE TO ASTHMA SO ALLERGY PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article RP SAAVEDRADELGADO, AMP (reprint author), CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ONCOL & PULM DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 SN 1046-9354 J9 ALLERGY PROC JI Allergy Proc. PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 197 EP 198 DI 10.2500/108854191778879395 PG 2 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA FW797 UT WOS:A1991FW79700014 PM 1894138 ER PT J AU KURT, TL DAY, LC REED, WG GANDY, W AF KURT, TL DAY, LC REED, WG GANDY, W TI CYANIDE POISONING FROM GLUE-ON NAIL REMOVER SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article RP KURT, TL (reprint author), US FDA,SW REG,3032 BRYAN ST,DALLAS,TX 75204, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 9 IS 3 BP 271 EP 272 DI 10.1016/0735-6757(91)90094-Z PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA FJ985 UT WOS:A1991FJ98500018 PM 2018602 ER PT J AU GILLESPIE, AM WALTERS, SM AF GILLESPIE, AM WALTERS, SM TI RAPID CLEANUP OF FAT EXTRACTS FOR ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE-RESIDUE DETERMINATION USING C-18 SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION CARTRIDGES SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; EXTRACTION; FATS; LIPIDS; OILS; PESTICIDES; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDES ID FRACTIONATION AB Commercial solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges with C18 bonded silica packings effectively cleaned up acetonitrile extracts of 3-g samples of fats and oils for determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Cartridges from three different sources were tested and found to differ in lipid capacity and inertness (free silanol activity). Consequently, the amount of packing (i.e., number of cartridges) and/or the choice of eluent used were adjusted for each brand of cartridge to achieve optimum clean-up and analyte recovery. Seven pesticides with a wide range of polarity (acephate, azodrin, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, methamidophos and methyl parathion) were separated from coextracted lipids by elution with either acetonitrile or methanol, depending on the brand of cartridge used. Cartridges were regenerated by purging lipids with dichloromethane and were reused numerous times without apparent loss of effectiveness. Recoveries from vegetable oils and butterfat fortified with the seven compounds at levels of 0.05-0.87-mu-g g-1 ranged from 80 to 103%. Practical limits of determination range from 0.01 to 0.08-mu-g g-1, depending on analyte response. RP GILLESPIE, AM (reprint author), US FDA,PESTICIDES & IND CHEM RES CTR,1560 E JEFFERSON AVE,DETROIT,MI 48207, USA. NR 7 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD MAY 1 PY 1991 VL 245 IS 2 BP 259 EP 265 DI 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)80230-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FL090 UT WOS:A1991FL09000019 ER PT J AU JOLSON, HM TANNER, LA GREEN, L GRASELA, TH AF JOLSON, HM TANNER, LA GREEN, L GRASELA, TH TI ADVERSE REACTION REPORTING OF INTERACTION BETWEEN WARFARIN AND FLUOROQUINOLONES SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CIMETIDINE AB Reports to the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting System of prolonged prothrombin time due to a suspected interaction between warfarin sodium and a fluoroquinolone were reviewed. Five reports of patients who experienced this adverse reaction 2 to 16 days after the addition of a fluoroquinolone to their treatment regimen are described. Possible mechanisms of action that are discussed include inhibition of warfarin metabolism by the anti-infective agent and displacement of warfarin's binding to protein. Physicians need to be aware of this interaction and closely monitor prothrombin time in patients concurrently receiving warfarin and a fluoroquinolone. C1 SUNY BUFFALO,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARM,CTR PHARMACOEPIDEMIOL RES,BUFFALO,NY 14260. RP JOLSON, HM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 9 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 151 IS 5 BP 1003 EP 1004 DI 10.1001/archinte.151.5.1003 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FL551 UT WOS:A1991FL55100026 PM 1842668 ER PT J AU BONVINI, E DEBELL, KE TAPLITS, MS BRANDO, C LAURENZA, A SEAMON, K HOFFMAN, T AF BONVINI, E DEBELL, KE TAPLITS, MS BRANDO, C LAURENZA, A SEAMON, K HOFFMAN, T TI A ROLE FOR GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEINS IN MEDIATING T-CELL-RECEPTOR COUPLING TO INOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROLYSIS IN A MURINE T-HELPER (TYPE-II) LYMPHOCYTE CLONE SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CYTOPLASMIC FREE CALCIUM; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; REGULATORY PROTEIN; CHOLERA-TOXIN; POLYPHOSPHOINOSITIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE; SURFACE MOLECULES; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; B-CELLS AB Perturbation of the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex is followed by the rapid hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids (InsPL) by phospholipase C (PLC), producing diacylglycerol and inositol phosphates, which act as second messengers in signal transduction. The mechanism coupling the TCR to InsPL hydrolysis is not clearly defined, and no information is available on this mechanism in the CD4+ helper subset of T-lymphocytes (Th). We have tested the hypothesis that guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) may couple the TCR to PLC in a murine Th type II (Th2) cell clone. Cell permeabilization with streptolysin O (SLO) or tetanolysin (TL) was used to allow membrane-impermeable nucleotides access to intracellular sites of action. Exposure of permeabilized Th2 cells to guanosine 5"-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP-gamma-S), a non-hydrolysable GTP analogue, resulted in a 2.1-2.5-fold increase in inositol phosphate generation. Similarly, perturbation of the TCR with the monoclonal antibody 145.2C11 (directed against the epsilon-chain of the CD3 component of the TCR) resulted in a 3.1-4.2-fold increase in InsPL hydrolysis by permeabilized cells. Both lysins were similarly effective in allowing GTP-gamma-S induction of InsPL hydrolysis, but TL-permeabilized cells responded better to TCR perturbation than SLO-treated cells. A role for G-proteins in TCR coupling to PLC was further supported by the inhibition of TCR-induced InsPL hydrolysis by guanosine 5'-[beta-thio]diphosphate (GDP-beta-S), a guanine nucleotide analogue that inhibits G-protein function. ATP was required for TCR-mediated InsPL hydrolysis, and potentiated GTP-gamma-S-induced hydrolysis. Other nucleotides (i.e. CTP, GDP, ITP) did not affect the response. These data indicate that G-proteins may contribute to the regulation of PLC activation in Th2 cells, coupling it to the TCR. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BONVINI, E (reprint author), US FDA,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,NIH CAMPUS,BLDG 29,ROOM 231,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD MAY 1 PY 1991 VL 275 BP 689 EP 696 PN 3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FL173 UT WOS:A1991FL17300024 PM 1645519 ER PT J AU POIRIER, MC FULLERTON, NF KINOUCHI, T SMITH, BA BELAND, FA AF POIRIER, MC FULLERTON, NF KINOUCHI, T SMITH, BA BELAND, FA TI COMPARISON BETWEEN DNA ADDUCT FORMATION AND TUMORIGENESIS IN LIVERS AND BLADDERS OF MICE CHRONICALLY FED 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID DOSE-RESPONSE; MOLECULAR DOSIMETRY; RAT-LIVER; CARCINOGENESIS; INDUCTION; CELLS; 4-(N-METHYL-N-NITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE; DIETHYLNITROSAMINE; NEOPLASIA; THYMOMAS AB Female BALB/c mice continuously fed 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) develop liver and bladder tumors. The incidence of liver tumors is linearly related to the carcinogen concentration in the diet, while the tumor response in the bladder is markedly non-linear. In the current experiments, liver and bladder DNA adducts were measured in female BALB/c mice fed several different concentrations of AAF for 28 days. The adduct concentrations were then compared to the previously reported incidences of neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions in these tissues. In initial experiments, mice were fed either 30 or 150 mg [ring-H-3]AAF/kg diet for 21 days. Liver DNA adducts were identified by HPLC, which indicated the presence of one major adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene (dG-C8-AF). This adduct was also the major product detected by P-32-postlabeling in liver and bladder DNA from mice fed the same concentrations of AAF for 28 days. Radioimmunoassays, conducted with an antibody specific for dG-C8-AF, showed that steady-state concentrations of dG-C8-AF were obtained at 28 days of AAF feeding; thus, this time point was used to determine the relationship between the dose of AAF and the adduct levels. In mice fed nine concentrations of AAF (5-150 mg AAF/kg diet), the adduct concentrations after 28 days of feeding were linearly related to dose in both the liver and bladder, with the adduct concentration being approximately 3-fold greater in the bladder. These results indicate that a linear correlation exists between the hepatic concentration of dG-C8-AF and the liver tumor incidence. In the bladder however, a linear relationship was not observed, which suggests that additional tissue-specific factors, such as toxicity, are essential components for tumorigenesis in this tissue. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP POIRIER, MC (reprint author), NCI,CELLULAR CARCINOGENESIS & TUMOR PROMOT LAB,BLDG 37,ROOM 3B25,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 31 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD MAY PY 1991 VL 12 IS 5 BP 895 EP 900 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.5.895 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FL733 UT WOS:A1991FL73300023 PM 2029755 ER PT J AU WOLFF, GL LEAKEY, JEA BAZARE, JJ HARMON, JR WEBB, PJ LAW, MG AF WOLFF, GL LEAKEY, JEA BAZARE, JJ HARMON, JR WEBB, PJ LAW, MG TI SUSCEPTIBILITY TO PHENOBARBITAL PROMOTION OF HEPATOTUMORIGENESIS - CORRELATION WITH DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION AND INDUCTION OF HEPATIC DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES IN HEAVY AND LIGHT MALE (C3H X VY) F1-HYBRID MICE SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID RAT-LIVER; CALORIC RESTRICTION; FISCHER-344 RAT; GROWTH-HORMONE; CYTOCHROME-P-450; TRANSFERASES; ISOZYMES; YELLOW; WEIGHT; SYSTEM AB Higher body and carcass (body - liver) weights in sodium phenobarbital (PB) treated mice correlate with formation of multiple hepatocellular adenomas in yellow A(vy)/A and agouti A/a (C3H x VY) F1 hybrid male mice. To assess differences in PB induction of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes, yellow A(vy)/A (C3H x VY) F1 hybrid male mice were fed 0.05% sodium PB in NIH-31 diet for 7 months. Livers from the heaviest and lightest mice in the untreated and PB groups were assayed. Total cytochrome P450 content, cytochrome P450IA-selective 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and P450IIIA-selective testosterone-6-beta-hydroxylase activities were preferentially induced in the light mice. In contrast, P450IIB-selective 7-pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activity was increased only 3-fold by PB in the light mice but 6-fold in the heavy mice. Testosterone UDP-glucuronyltransferase and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase activities were induced in the light mice but not in the heavy mice. Glutathione-S-transferase N1:1-dependent activity was induced preferentially in the heavy mice. Significant differences also occurred in constitutive expression of P450IIIA-selective testosterone-6-beta-hydroxylase, P450IA-selective 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and testosterone UDP-glucuronyltransferase activities between the untreated weight groups. Thus, expression of constitutive and PB-inducible forms of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes differs between heavy and light A(vy)/A (C3H x VY) F1 hybrid subpopulations. This suggests that differential susceptibility to PB promotion of hepatocellular adenomas among genetically identical mice is accompanied by differences in the regulation of gene expression. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. BIONET CORP,HAMPTON,VA 23666. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD MAY PY 1991 VL 12 IS 5 BP 911 EP 915 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.5.911 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FL733 UT WOS:A1991FL73300026 PM 1674234 ER PT J AU AMBRUS, JL CHESKY, L MCFARLAND, P YOUNG, KR MOSTOWSKI, H AUGUST, A CHUSED, TM AF AMBRUS, JL CHESKY, L MCFARLAND, P YOUNG, KR MOSTOWSKI, H AUGUST, A CHUSED, TM TI INDUCTION OF PROLIFERATION BY HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT B-CELL GROWTH-FACTOR OR LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT B-CELL GROWTH-FACTOR IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASES IN INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM IN DIFFERENT SUBPOPULATIONS OF HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-B SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; FACTOR BCGF; ANTI-IG; INOSITOL 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE; ACTIVATION; INTERLEUKIN-2; RECEPTORS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; PURIFICATION; METABOLISM C1 UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. UNIV ALABAMA,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP AMBRUS, JL (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110, USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 134 IS 2 BP 314 EP 324 DI 10.1016/0008-8749(91)90305-U PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA FF681 UT WOS:A1991FF68100005 PM 2021972 ER PT J AU TRIPATHI, AK TAPLITS, M PURI, J HOFFMAN, T AF TRIPATHI, AK TAPLITS, M PURI, J HOFFMAN, T TI AUGMENTATION OF MONOCYTE-MEDIATED ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT CELLULAR CYTOTOXICITY BY PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS - EVIDENCE FOR AN ENDOGENOUS REGULATORY MECHANISM SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYTO-TOXICITY; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IL-1 PRODUCTION; NATURAL-KILLER; CELLS; ADCC; INTERFERON; INDUCTION; GAMMA C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT CHEM IMMUNOL,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RP TRIPATHI, AK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BLDG 29,ROOM 223,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 134 IS 2 BP 491 EP 504 DI 10.1016/0008-8749(91)90320-B PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA FF681 UT WOS:A1991FF68100020 PM 2021975 ER PT J AU LIN, KH WILLINGHAM, MC LIANG, CM CHENG, SY AF LIN, KH WILLINGHAM, MC LIANG, CM CHENG, SY TI INTRACELLULAR-DISTRIBUTION OF THE ENDOGENOUS AND TRANSFECTED-BETA-FORM OF THYROID-HORMONE NUCLEAR RECEPTOR VISUALIZED BY THE USE OF DOMAIN-SPECIFIC MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID C-ERBA; BINDING-PROTEIN; CDNA CLONE; EXPRESSION; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; TISSUES; SYSTEM AB To study the regulation, tissue distribution, and subcellular localization of nuclear receptor for thyroid hormone, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the human placental cerbA (hTR-beta-1) protein were prepared. hTR-beta-1 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to apparent homogeneity. The purified hTR-beta-1 was used to produce monoclonal antibodies. Three hybridomas, secreting mAb J51, J52, and J53, were isolated. All of these mAbs recognized hTR-beta-1. J51 and J52 belong to the immunoglobulin G1-k subclass; J53 is an IgM. To evaluate cross-reactivity with other classes of c-erbAs, the three mAbs were used to immunoprecipitate the in vitro translation products of human (h) TR-alpha-1, TR-alpha-2, rat (r) TR-beta-1, TR-alpha-1, and TR-alpha-2. None of these three mAbs reacted with h- or rTR-alpha-1 and TR-alpha-2. J51 did not react with rTR-beta-1, but J52 and J53 cross-reacted with rTR-beta-1 with the same activity as hTR-beta-1. To localize the epitopes in the hTR-beta-1 molecule, [S-35]methionine-labeled and truncated hTR-beta-1 containing the hormone-binding domain E (Lys235-Asp456; Lys201-Pro414), domain D (Met169-Asp456), or the DNA-binding domain C (Glu100-Asp456) were expressed in E. coli and purified. Immunoprecipitation of the above truncated hTR-beta-1 with mAbs indicated that the epitopes for J51 and J52 were located in two different sites in the A/B domain. The epitope for J53 was located in the E domain. Using immunocytochemistry and mAb J52, the endogenous TR-beta-1 in rat pituitary GH3 cells was visualized to be exclusively present in nuclei. The transfected hTR-beta-1 in monkey COS-1 and human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells was recognized by both J51 and J52. Interestingly, the intracellular localization of the transfected hTR-beta-1 or rTR-beta-1 in the above two cell lines depended on the level of expression. TR-beta-1 expressed at low levels was found exclusively in nuclei. However, for high level expression of TR-beta-1, cytoplasmic localization was also detected. J53, however, failed to detect nuclear fluorescence of the endogenous and transfected TR-beta-1 in fixed cells, suggesting that its antigenic site might be occluded. Localization of the endogenous and transfected TR-beta-1 in nuclei indicated that these two receptor proteins are structurally indistinguishable. Furthermore, the findings that TR-beta-1 could be localized in the cytoplasm when receptor was overexpressed suggested finite numbers of acceptor sites for TR-beta-1 in the nucleus. C1 NCI,DIV CANC BIOL DIAG & CTR,MOLEC BIOL LAB,BLDG 37,ROOM 4B09,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 33 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 4350 EAST WEST HIGHWAY SUITE 500, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4110 SN 0013-7227 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD MAY PY 1991 VL 128 IS 5 BP 2601 EP 2609 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA FJ396 UT WOS:A1991FJ39600051 PM 1708338 ER PT J AU KODELL, RL FELTON, RP AF KODELL, RL FELTON, RP TI 2-STAGE AND WEIBULL MODELS FOR CARCINOGENESIS APPLIED TO THE ED01 DISCONTINUED DOSING DATA SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID SURVIVAL SACRIFICE EXPERIMENTS; CANCER RISK MODELS; NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION; TIME; BLADDER; TUMOR; ONSET; TERM AB The two-stage clonal expansion model for a single, less-than-lifetime period of dosing is formulated and applied to the liver and bladder tumor data from the ED01 study. The model successfully predicts liver tumor incidence for time points beyond termination of dosing with 2-acetylaminofluorene, but it is unsuccessful for bladder tumor incidence. A discontinued dosing version of the Weibull model is proposed and is shown to predict successfully both liver and bladder tumor incidences for time points after termination of dosing. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,COMP BASED SYST INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP KODELL, RL (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,BIOMETRY STAFF,HFT-20,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 92 BP 155 EP 166 DI 10.2307/3431153 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA GB015 UT WOS:A1991GB01500024 PM 1935845 ER PT J AU CHARLES, IG LI, JL ROBERTS, M BEESLEY, K ROMANOS, M PICKARD, DJ FRANCIS, M CAMPBELL, D DOUGAN, G BRENNAN, MJ MANCLARK, CR JENSEN, MA HERON, I CHUBB, A NOVOTNY, P FAIRWEATHER, NF AF CHARLES, IG LI, JL ROBERTS, M BEESLEY, K ROMANOS, M PICKARD, DJ FRANCIS, M CAMPBELL, D DOUGAN, G BRENNAN, MJ MANCLARK, CR JENSEN, MA HERON, I CHUBB, A NOVOTNY, P FAIRWEATHER, NF TI IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A PROTECTIVE IMMUNODOMINANT B-CELL EPITOPE OF PERTACTIN (P.69) FROM BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; VIRULENCE FACTORS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CLONING; VECTORS; IMMUNOGENICITY; SPECIFICITY; EXPRESSION; FRAGMENTS; SEQUENCES AB Epitopes defined by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for the Bordetella pertussis outer membrane protein P.69 (pertactin) were mapped using a series of amino- and carboxy-terminal deletion mutants expressed in Escherichia coli. mAb were found to bind predominantly to a region of pertactin spanning a (Pro-Gln-Pro)5 repeat motif and one mAb was found to bind to another region spanning a (Gly-Gly-X(aa)-X(aa)-Pro)5 repeat motif. To localize further the mAb-binding sites a panel of synthetic peptides, a series of 94 overlapping hexameric peptides, and a P.69 30-amino acid fusion to a hepatitis B core protein (HBcAg-69), were synthesized. This combined approach has identified the binding site for the mAb BBO5: Pro-Gly-Pro-Gln-Pro-Pro; mAb BBO7, E4A8 and E4D7: Ala-Pro-Gln-Pro-Pro-Ala-Gly-Arg; and mAb BPE3: Thr-Leu-Trp-Tyr-Ala-Glu-Ser-Asn-Ala-Leu-Ser-Lys-Arg. We have used a non-lethal murine respiratory model of B. pertussis infection to investigate the ability of a peptide containing the epitope of the mAb BBO5 to elicit protective immunity. Immunization of mice with the HBcAg-69 protein prevented growth of B. pertussis in the lungs compared to mice receiving HBcAg alone, and protection correlated with high titers of anti-P.69 antibodies. C1 WELLCOME BIOTECH,DEPT VIROL,BECKENHAM,ENGLAND. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. STATENS SERUM INST,DK-2300 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RP CHARLES, IG (reprint author), WELLCOME BIOTECH,DEPT MOLEC BIOL,BECKENHAM BR3 3BS,KENT,ENGLAND. NR 29 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 21 IS 5 BP 1147 EP 1153 DI 10.1002/eji.1830210509 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FM553 UT WOS:A1991FM55300008 PM 1709865 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI RESPONDING TO THE CHALLENGE - A REVITALIZED FDA SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 46 IS 3 BP 391 EP 394 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GL991 UT WOS:A1991GL99100001 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI RESTORING THE FDAS PREEMINENCE IN THE REGULATION OF FOOD SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 46 IS 3 BP 395 EP 402 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GL991 UT WOS:A1991GL99100002 ER PT J AU BANKS, D AF BANKS, D TI ISSUES AND STRATEGIES OF CONTINUING MEDICAL-EDUCATION IN THE 1990S SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP BANKS, D (reprint author), US FDA,DIV DRUG MARKETING ADVERTISING & COMMUN,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 46 IS 3 BP 409 EP 415 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GL991 UT WOS:A1991GL99100004 ER PT J AU RIDGE, J MULLER, J NOGUCHI, P CHANG, EH AF RIDGE, J MULLER, J NOGUCHI, P CHANG, EH TI DYNAMICS OF DIFFERENTIATION IN HUMAN EPIDERMOID SQUAMOUS CARCINOMA-CELLS (A431) WITH CONTINUOUS, LONG-TERM GAMMA-IFN TREATMENT SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HUMAN SQUAMOUS CARCINOMA CELLS (A431); GAMMA-IFN; DIFFERENTIATION; LONG-TERM INVITRO CULTURE ID HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; GROWTH ARREST; HUMAN CANCER; EXPRESSION; ANTIBODIES; POPULATIONS; MODULATION; EPITHELIA; PATTERNS AB We investigated the long-term effects of continuous gamma interferon (gamma-IFN) treatment on A431, a human squamous carcinoma cell line. Cells were grown in an in vitro culture system, which over time produces cohesive cell masses ("tumoroids") exhibiting three-dimensional, histotypically differentiated structures, e.g., keratin "pearls," intercellular bridges (desmosomes), elongated flattened cells (squames) and stratification. The effects of gamma-IFN on cell growth, morphology and stage of differentiation were assessed at different treatment times by light and electron microscopy and by immunohistochemical staining using antibodies to keratins 1 and 14 and to filaggrin, markers of specific stages of keratinocyte differentiation. Our results show that A431 cells have the capacity for spontaneous differentiation, that this capacity is significantly enhanced and accelerated by gamma-IFN treatment leading to terminal differentiation and extensive cell death by 2 wk. Despite continuous exposure to IFN, a small number of viable, undifferentiated cells remain. Their proliferation, evident by 3 wk, reconstitutes the tumoroid which once again contains the full range of differentiating cell types. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP RIDGE, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29A,RM 1C-17,8000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI COLUMBIA PA 8815 CENTRE PARK DRIVE SUITE 210, COLUMBIA, MD 21045 SN 0073-5655 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV B PD MAY PY 1991 VL 27 IS 5 BP 417 EP 424 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA FX140 UT WOS:A1991FX14000013 PM 1712768 ER PT J AU OLSON, LD SHANE, SW KARPAS, AA CUNNINGHAM, TM PROBST, PS BARILE, MF AF OLSON, LD SHANE, SW KARPAS, AA CUNNINGHAM, TM PROBST, PS BARILE, MF TI MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES TO SURFACE-ANTIGENS OF A PATHOGENIC MYCOPLASMA-HOMINIS STRAIN SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN ANTIGENS; PNEUMONIAE; INHIBITION; INFECTION; HETEROGENEITY; GLYCOLIPIDS; ATTACHMENT; CULTURES; ADHESION; PROBES AB Three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were prepared against an arthritogenic strain of Mycoplasma hominis isolated from the joint aspirates of a patient with chronic septic arthritis. Immunoblots of polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresed proteins before and after surface proteolysis showed that the predominant antigenic determinants were on surface-exposed polypeptides. These polypeptides have extensive hydrophobic characteristics, as demonstrated by Triton X-114 phase partitioning. The electrophoresed proteins from cells grown in medium containing [C-14]palmitate were blotted onto nitrocellulose which was both reacted with the MAbs and exposed to X-ray film. Superimposable bands on both the immunoblots and the exposed film suggested that the proteins might be acylated. The MAbs were further tested for reactivity with 16 other strains of M. hominis isolated from patients with septic arthritis (1 strain), septicemia (10 strains), or nongonococcal urethritis (1 strain); from the cervix (1 strain), rectum (1 strain), or surgical wound (1 strain) of patients; and from a contaminated cell culture. No single protein was consistently recognized from strain to strain, although a 94-kDa protein from 16 of the 17 strains tested was bound by at least one of the MAbs. The apparent antigenic heterogeneity among strains of M. hominis, including those isolated from the same tissue source and/or from patients with the same type of clinical disease, might be misleading in that all strains express epitopes associated with a discrete number of proteins to which one, two, or all three MAbs bind. The expression of the epitopes on multiple proteins from the same or different strains may reflect a mechanism for generating antigenic diversity. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,CELLULAR PHYSIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP OLSON, LD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MYCOPLASMA LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 44 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1683 EP 1689 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA FK377 UT WOS:A1991FK37700015 PM 1708355 ER PT J AU HATHCOCK, JN TROENDLE, GJ AF HATHCOCK, JN TROENDLE, GJ TI INTRANASAL COBALAMIN - A WARNING - REPLY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP HATHCOCK, JN (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 1 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 17 BP 2190 EP 2190 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FH877 UT WOS:A1991FH87700018 ER PT J AU YANG, GC QIANG, WG MOREHOUSE, KM ROSENTHAL, I KU, Y YURAWECZ, P AF YANG, GC QIANG, WG MOREHOUSE, KM ROSENTHAL, I KU, Y YURAWECZ, P TI DETERMINATION OF HYDROPEROXIDES IN EDIBLE OILS BY ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE, THIOBARBITURIC ACID ASSAY, AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY CHEMILUMINESCENCE TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; MECHANISMS; OXIDATION AB The increasing concern over the possible relationship between lipid peroxidation and certain ailments, and correspondingly with food processing and storage, has prompted our examination of various techniques for the determination of hydroperoxides formed during lipid oxidation. A reversed-phase liquid chromatography method was used to separate the hydroperoxides, followed by postcolumn chemiluminescence detection. In addition, we compared these results with those obtained by the conventional thiobarbituric acid assay and a new procedure involving the oxidation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone to nitroxides in the presence of hydroperoxides, followed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The formation and decay of hydroperoxides of methyl linoleate and corn oil under constant heating and oxygen purging are described. C1 US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. IND HLTH RES INST SICHUAN PROV,CHENGDU,PEOPLES R CHINA. VOLCANI CTR,DEPT FOOD SCI,BET DAGAN,ISRAEL. RP YANG, GC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 39 IS 5 BP 896 EP 898 DI 10.1021/jf00005a018 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA FM516 UT WOS:A1991FM51600018 ER PT J AU HARMON, SM KAUTTER, DA AF HARMON, SM KAUTTER, DA TI INCIDENCE AND GROWTH-POTENTIAL OF BACILLUS-CEREUS IN READY-TO-SERVE FOODS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Note ID PRODUCTS; ENUMERATION; MILK AB To simulate temperature abuse, 106 test portions of ready-to-serve moist foods, 12 test portions of rehydrated powdered infant formula, and 18 test portions of nonfat dry milk were incubated for 20 and 24 h at 26-degrees-C, and then examined for Bacillus cereus. Of the ready-to-serve moist foods, 88 of 106 were positive for B. cereus at levels ranging from 0.25 to 8.5 x 10(6)/g after 20 h of incubation and from 0.1 to 58 x 10(6)/g after 24 h. All of the powdered milk and 12 of the 15 units of infant formula, representing five brands, were positive, with counts ranging from 0.15 to 5.0 x 10(6)/g in 20 h and 5.0 to 49 x 10(6) after 24 h. B. cereus counts in the powdered products were low, ranging from 0.09/g for one of two soy-based products to an average of 0.29/g for milk-based products. However, these levels were sufficient to initiate growth of B. cereus in almost every 2-oz serving. Similar results were obtained for rehydrated nonfat milk, with initial B. cereus counts ranging from 0.29 to 1.5/g; at 26-degrees-C the counts averaged 3.3 x 10(7) after 20 h and 5.5 x 10(7) after 24 h. Counts ranged from 2.0 x 10(4) to 1.1 x 10(5) after 9 h in milk and were in excess of 10(6)/g after 10.5 h. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 20 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 54 IS 5 BP 372 EP 374 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA FL374 UT WOS:A1991FL37400010 ER PT J AU HILL, D BEATRICE, M AF HILL, D BEATRICE, M TI FACILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR BIOTECH PLANTS SO JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PARENTERAL DRUG ASSOC, INC PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE, 620, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0279-7976 J9 J PARENT SCI TECHN PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 45 IS 3 BP 132 EP 137 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FQ900 UT WOS:A1991FQ90000005 PM 1886040 ER PT J AU HORTON, LR AF HORTON, LR TI REGULATIONS, PROPOSALS, GUIDELINES, ADVISORY OPINIONS, AND LETTERS OF ADVICE - WHAT LEGAL SIGNIFICANCE SO JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PARENTERAL DRUG ASSOC, INC PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE, 620, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0279-7976 J9 J PARENT SCI TECHN PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 45 IS 3 BP 138 EP 141 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FQ900 UT WOS:A1991FQ90000006 PM 1886041 ER PT J AU LEVCHUK, JW AF LEVCHUK, JW TI GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES AND CLINICAL SUPPLIES SO JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note AB Quality characteristics must be assured through adherence to good manufacturing practices in the production, control, and testing of drug products intended for investigational as well as commercial use. A draft guideline on the preparation of investigational new drug products, soon to be available in final form, addresses questions that have been raised regarding acceptable practices and procedures to facilitate compliance with the CGMP regulations as applied to clinical supplies. Inspections of sterile clinical supplies production can be expected to include the areas most likely to influence product safety, quality, and uniformity in the same manner as would be expected regarding the manufacture of commercial batches. Some areas of particular significance in the manufacture of parenteral clinical supplies include validation of terminal sterilization, aseptic processing, and oxygen exclusion. The validation of the aseptic handling during lyophilization requires special attention. Other CGMP concerns include the provision of a quality control unit, avoiding packaging mixups, and being prepared for an amendment to the CGMP regulations regarding terminal sterilization. RP LEVCHUK, JW (reprint author), CDER,OC,DMPQ,STERILE DRUGS BRANCH,7520 STANDISH PL,ROOM 272,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PARENTERAL DRUG ASSOC, INC PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE, 620, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0279-7976 J9 J PARENT SCI TECHN PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 45 IS 3 BP 152 EP 155 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FQ900 UT WOS:A1991FQ90000009 PM 1886044 ER PT J AU YUEN, SM LEHR, G AF YUEN, SM LEHR, G TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CLIDINIUM BROMIDE AND CLIDINIUM BROMIDE-CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE COMBINATIONS IN CAPSULES SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article AB A specific liquid chromatographic method was developed for determination of clidinium bromide and clidinium bromide-chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride combinations in capsules. The procedure uses a Partisil 10 ODS-3 column and a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.3M ammonium phosphate (32 + 68) (pH = 4.3). The detection wavelength is 235 nm. Accuracy, reproducibility, and linearity were within accepted criteria. Four commercial samples of the single ingredient were tested; results compared favorably with the compendial method. Two commercial samples of the combination product were tested by the proposed method and results reported. The system was found to be free from any interferences from the 4 known related compounds of the 2 major components and is useful as a screening procedure for 7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one-4-oxide, the principal degradation product of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride. RP YUEN, SM (reprint author), US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,850 3RD AVE,BROOKLYN,NY 11232, USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 74 IS 3 BP 461 EP 464 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FN229 UT WOS:A1991FN22900006 PM 1874688 ER PT J AU DANIELSON, JW AF DANIELSON, JW TI CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CYCLOHEXANONE AND 2-ETHYL-1-HEXANOL LEACHED FROM SOLUTION ADMINISTRATION SETS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID BAGS AB A capillary gas chromatographic method is described for the determination of cyclohexanone and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol leached from solution administration sets. A preliminary study was made of compounds leached from solution administration sets by 5% sodium bicarbonate solution (pH 8.1), 0.9% sodium chloride solution (pH 6.8), and water. Water was selected as the leaching solvent because similar quantities of the compounds were leached into water and into both types of parenteral solutions. The correlation coefficients were 0.99977 for cyclohexanone and 0.99974 for 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, and recoveries were good (93-94 %). Five administration sets from each of 2 manufacturers were analyzed by this method. The amounts of cyclohexanone that were leached from the individual sets varied considerably; however, similar quantities were leached from sets of both manufacturers. 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol was also found in extracts from each of the sets analyzed. RP DANIELSON, JW (reprint author), US FDA,STERIL ANAL RES CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401, USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 74 IS 3 BP 476 EP 478 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FN229 UT WOS:A1991FN22900009 PM 1874690 ER PT J AU LEVAN, LW BARNES, CJ AF LEVAN, LW BARNES, CJ TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR MULTIRESIDUE DETERMINATION OF BENZIMIDAZOLES IN BEEF-LIVER AND MUSCLE - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID THIABENDAZOLE AB A liquid chromatographic method for determination of thiabendazole, 5-hydroxythiabendazole, oxfendazole, mebendazole (MBZ), and fenbendazole (FBZ) in cattle liver and muscle was collaboratively studied in 7 laboratories in 1986. For blind fortified samples containing 800 ppb FBZ, average recovery and relative standard deviations for repeatability and reproducibility (RSD(r) and RSD(R)) based on results from 6 of the participating laboratories were 83%, 12.7%, and 14.0%, respectively. Recoveries of FBZ from incurred liver samples were more variable. Recoveries of MBZ from livers fortified at the 100 ppb level were encouraging; however, the drug levels were too low in the incurred samples used for MBZ studies. Except for FBZ and MBZ in liver, the study data were not satisfactory. The method has been adopted official first action by AOAC for determination of 800-1600 ppb fenbendazole in liver. The analysis should be repeated using a smaller sample size when initial analyses show levels greater than 1600 ppb FBZ. C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,BLDG 328A,BARC-E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. HAZLETON LABS AMERICA INC,DIV CHEM & BIOMED SCI,MADISON,WI 53704. FU PHS HHS [223-82-7001] NR 6 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 74 IS 3 BP 487 EP 493 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FN229 UT WOS:A1991FN22900012 PM 1874693 ER PT J AU RANDERATH, E HART, RW TURTURRO, A DANNA, TF REDDY, R RANDERATH, K AF RANDERATH, E HART, RW TURTURRO, A DANNA, TF REDDY, R RANDERATH, K TI EFFECTS OF AGING AND CALORIC RESTRICTION ON I-COMPOUNDS IN LIVER, KIDNEY AND WHITE BLOOD-CELL DNA OF MALE BROWN-NORWAY RATS SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE I-COMPOUNDS; DNA; CALORIC RESTRICTION; CARCINOGENESIS; P-32-POST-LABELING ID DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES; MALE FISCHER-344 RAT; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; DIETARY RESTRICTION; FOOD RESTRICTION; ADDUCT FORMATION; MAMMARY-TUMORS; AGE; MICE; EXPRESSION AB Rodent tissues display species-, strain-, sex- and tissue-specific adduct-like DNA modifications termed I-compounds, which increase with age, are modulated by diet and are presumably derived from indigenous metabolic intermediates. We have explored whether I-compounds are affected by caloric restriction, which is known to extend life span and retard age-related degenerative and neoplastic diseases. Male Brown-Norway rats were fed NIH-31 diet ad libitum (AL). Calorically restricted (CR) rats received 60% of AL consumption, starting at 3.5 months. DNA was analyzed by P-32-postlabeling at 1, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 months of age in liver, kidney and white blood cells. I-compounds in AL liver and kidney exhibited complex tissue-specific profiles; I-compound levels increased with age, plateaued between 8 and 18 months depending on tissue and diet and were 8.7 (liver) and 27.4 (kidney) modifications in 10(8) nucleotides at 24 months, thereby exceeding the corresponding 1-month values by 3.7- and 16.6-fold. CR resulted in similar profiles but did not diminish age-related increases, rather I-compound levels in CR liver and kidney were increased by about 70% and 30% versus age-matched AL rats. White blood cells exhibited few I-compounds and at low levels; age-related increases were small overall but more pronounced in CR rats. Higher I-compound levels in CR animals, which were presumably a consequence of metabolic effects elicited by CR, thus correlated with extended life span and, therefore, may be beneficial, in agreement with previous findings showing an association between reduced I-compound levels and hepatocarcinogenesis as well as organ susceptibility to diseases. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP RANDERATH, E (reprint author), BAYLOR UNIV,DEPT PHARMACOL,DIV TOXICOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 07750] NR 48 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing. Dev. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 58 IS 2-3 BP 279 EP 296 DI 10.1016/0047-6374(91)90099-L PG 18 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA FP286 UT WOS:A1991FP28600014 PM 1875735 ER PT J AU DESCHRYVERKECSKEMETI, K GRAMLICH, TL CROFFORD, LJ RADER, JI PAGE, SW NEEDHAM, LL HILL, RH STERNBERG, EM AF DESCHRYVERKECSKEMETI, K GRAMLICH, TL CROFFORD, LJ RADER, JI PAGE, SW NEEDHAM, LL HILL, RH STERNBERG, EM TI MAST-CELL AND EOSINOPHIL INFILTRATION IN INTESTINAL-MUCOSA OF LEWIS RATS TREATED WITH L-TRYPTOPHAN IMPLICATED IN HUMAN EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GASTROINTESTINAL LESIONS; L-TRYPTOPHAN ASSOCIATED EOSINOPHILIA MYALGIA SYNDROME ID CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASE; SCLERODERMA; ASSOCIATION; FIBROBLASTS; ACTIVATION; INGESTION; FASCIITIS; ARTHRITIS; BIOLOGY AB A recently developed animal model for the L-tryptophan-associated eosinophilia myalgia syndrome was used to examine the small intestine and colon, because there is clinical involvement at these sites in patients. Increased perivascular inflammatory infiltrates rich in degranulating mast cells, eosinophils, and monocytes were seen in the lamina propria of experimental animals when compared with controls. L-Tryptophan-associated disease also shares many clinical features with idiopathic scleroderma/eosinophilic fasciitis, in which there is gastrointestinal involvement as well. These features are similar to those found in the recently described animal model. The apparent morphologic and clinical similarities between these entities suggest that the animal model is suitable for further studying the pathogenesis of the gastrointestinal involvement in all these diseases. C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. NIAMSD,BETHESDA,MD. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NIMH,ADAMHA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Crofford, Leslie/J-8010-2013 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 4 IS 3 BP 354 EP 357 PG 4 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA FM217 UT WOS:A1991FM21700012 PM 2068062 ER PT J AU ACHARYA, A AF ACHARYA, A TI REGULATORY ISSUES IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE OF THE AICD SO PACE-PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article RP ACHARYA, A (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV CARDIOVASC DEVICES,1390 PICCARD DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FUTURA PUBL CO PI ARMONK PA 135 BEDFORD RD, PO BOX 418, ARMONK, NY 10504-0418 SN 0147-8389 J9 PACE JI PACE-Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 14 IS 5 BP 880 EP 882 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1991.tb04128.x PN 2 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Engineering, Biomedical SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Engineering GA FL284 UT WOS:A1991FL28400006 PM 1712454 ER PT J AU EGLI, KL DAVIS, JS AF EGLI, KL DAVIS, JS TI CONTENT VARIATION OF CONJUGATED ESTROGENS TABLETS SO PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM LA English DT Article AB The current United States Pharmacopeial method for determining variations in individual tablet content for Conjugated Estrogens Tablets is reviewed. The deficiencies are elaborated and a proposal is made to replace the method for determining uniformity of dosage units with a more specific test that will assure less dosage variation to the patient. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG RES & EVALUAT,COMPENDIAL OPERAT BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP EGLI, KL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU US PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION PI ROCKVILLE PA 12601 TWINBROOK PKWY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 SN 0363-4655 J9 PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM JI Pharmacop. Forum PD MAY-JUN PY 1991 VL 17 IS 3 BP 1946 EP 1950 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FL430 UT WOS:A1991FL43000003 ER PT J AU BARRON, MG PLAKAS, SM WILGA, PC AF BARRON, MG PLAKAS, SM WILGA, PC TI CHLORPYRIFOS PHARMACOKINETICS AND METABOLISM FOLLOWING INTRAVASCULAR AND DIETARY ADMINISTRATION IN CHANNEL CATFISH SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARATHION; ESTERASES C1 DOW CHEM CO USA,ENVIRONM TOXICOL & CHEM RES LAB,MIDLAND,MI 48674. US FDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. NR 22 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 1991 VL 108 IS 3 BP 474 EP 482 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90093-T PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA FJ647 UT WOS:A1991FJ64700010 PM 1708533 ER PT J AU FRATANTONI, JC AF FRATANTONI, JC TI POINTS TO CONSIDER IN THE SAFETY EVALUATION OF HEMOGLOBIN-BASED OXYGEN CARRIERS SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article RP FRATANTONI, JC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 29,ROOM 321,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD MAY PY 1991 VL 31 IS 4 BP 369 EP 371 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA FK316 UT WOS:A1991FK31600022 ER PT J AU CHIU, YY AF CHIU, YY TI APPROVING NEW DRUGS SO CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS LA English DT Letter C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0009-2347 J9 CHEM ENG NEWS JI Chem. Eng. News PD APR 29 PY 1991 VL 69 IS 17 BP 2 EP 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA FJ477 UT WOS:A1991FJ47700001 ER PT J AU DULCEY, CS GEORGER, JH KRAUTHAMER, V STENGER, DA FARE, TL CALVERT, JM AF DULCEY, CS GEORGER, JH KRAUTHAMER, V STENGER, DA FARE, TL CALVERT, JM TI DEEP UV PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF CHEMISORBED MONOLAYERS - PATTERNED COPLANAR MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GOLD AB Deep ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is shown to modify organosilane self-assembled monolayer (SAM) films by a photocleavage mechanism, which renders the surface amenable to further SAM modification. Patterned UV exposure creates alternating regions of intact SAM film and hydrophilic, reactive sites. The exposed regions can undergo a second chemisorption reaction to produce an assembly of SAMs in the same molecular plane with similar substrate attachment chemistry. The UV-patterned films are used as a template for selective buildup of fluorophores, metals, and biological cells. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOLEC SCI & ENGN,CODE 6090,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 17 TC 469 Z9 471 U1 7 U2 50 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 26 PY 1991 VL 252 IS 5005 BP 551 EP 554 DI 10.1126/science.2020853 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FJ127 UT WOS:A1991FJ12700042 PM 2020853 ER PT J AU MACRAE, S HERMAN, C STULTING, RD LIPPMAN, R WHIPPLE, D COHEN, E EGAN, D WILKINSON, CP SCOTT, C SMITH, R PHILLIPS, D AF MACRAE, S HERMAN, C STULTING, RD LIPPMAN, R WHIPPLE, D COHEN, E EGAN, D WILKINSON, CP SCOTT, C SMITH, R PHILLIPS, D TI CORNEAL ULCER AND ADVERSE REACTION-RATES IN PREMARKET CONTACT-LENS STUDIES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; DAILY-WEAR; COMPLICATIONS; INFECTIONS; KERATITIS; ADHERENCE; USERS AB We analyzed clinical data on 22,739 contact lens wearers who were studied and whose lenses were approved under 48 manufacturer-sponsored studies for the Food and Drug Administration between 1980 and 1988. The incidence of corneal ulcers was low in the cosmetic (nontherapeutic) daily-wear soft and rigid gas-permeable lens wearers (1/1,923 and 1/1,471 patient-years, respectively). Corneal ulcers and severe adverse reactions occurred two to four times more frequently in extended-wear cosmetic soft and rigid gas-permeable lens wearers than in cosmetic daily-wear lens wearers. Aphakic extended-wear soft lens users were nine times more likely to develop a corneal ulcer when compared to the soft daily-wear cosmetic group. Corneal abrasions and keratitis accounted for 81 of 159 severe adverse reactions, whereas corneal ulcers accounted for 28 of 159 adverse reactions. The data indicate that overnight extended wear of contact lenses is associated with a greater risk of serious, sight-threatening complications than daily wear. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 27 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPHTHALMIC PUBL CO PI CHICAGO PA 77 WEST WACKER DR, STE 660, CHICAGO, IL 60601 SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD APR 15 PY 1991 VL 111 IS 4 BP 457 EP 465 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA FF656 UT WOS:A1991FF65600010 PM 2012148 ER PT J AU HILLMAN, K SHAPIRANAHOR, O BLACKBURN, R HERNANDEZ, D GOLDING, H AF HILLMAN, K SHAPIRANAHOR, O BLACKBURN, R HERNANDEZ, D GOLDING, H TI A POLYMER CONTAINING A REPEATING PEPTIDE SEQUENCE CAN STIMULATE T-CELL-INDEPENDENT IGG ANTIBODY-PRODUCTION INVIVO SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SYNTHETIC POLYPEPTIDES; NUDE MICE; LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; FREQUENCY; SECRETION; STRAINS; VIRUS C1 NIDR,CBER,FDA,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIDR,CELLULAR DEV & ONCOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP HILLMAN, K (reprint author), NIDR,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD APR 15 PY 1991 VL 134 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/0008-8749(91)90326-7 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA FE026 UT WOS:A1991FE02600001 PM 2013099 ER PT J AU TETZLAFF, RF AF TETZLAFF, RF TI USE OF SCIENCE IN INVESTIGATING DRUG SAFETY SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ATLANTA,GA 30309. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 14 PY 1991 VL 201 BP 5 EP CHAL PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FG893 UT WOS:A1991FG89301016 ER PT J AU CARNEVALE, CW AF CARNEVALE, CW TI FDA ENFORCEMENT CONSIDERATIONS PERTAINING TO INADVERTENT PESTICIDE-RESIDUES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 14 PY 1991 VL 201 BP 68 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FG893 UT WOS:A1991FG89300147 ER PT J AU VANDERVEEN, JE AF VANDERVEEN, JE TI THE ROLE OF THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION IN REGULATING FOOD-PRODUCTS FOR CHILDREN SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article RP VANDERVEEN, JE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,200 C ST,SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD APR 12 PY 1991 VL 623 BP 400 EP 405 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb43749.x PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FW077 UT WOS:A1991FW07700038 PM 2042848 ER PT J AU RAFII, F FRANKLIN, W HEFLICH, RH CERNIGLIA, CE AF RAFII, F FRANKLIN, W HEFLICH, RH CERNIGLIA, CE TI REDUCTION OF NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS BY ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE HUMAN GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; INTESTINAL MICROFLORA; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; BACTEROIDES-FRAGILIS; 1-NITROPYRENE; MUTAGENICITY; BIOTRANSFORMATION; NITROREDUCTASES; 1-AMINOPYRENE; INVITRO AB Human intestinal microbial flora were screened for their abilities to reduce nitroaromatic compounds by growing them on brain heart infusion agar plates containing 1-nitropyrene. Bacteria metabolizing 1-nitropyrene, detected by the appearance of clear zones around the colonies, were identified as Clostridium leptum, Clostridium paraputrificum, Clostridium clostridiiforme, another Clostridium sp., and a Eubacterium sp. These bacteria produced aromatic amines from nitroaromatic compounds, as shown by thin-layer chromatography, high-pressure liquid chromatography, and biochemical tests. Incubation of three of these bacteria with 1-nitropyrene, 1,3-dinitropyrene, and 1,6-dinitropyrene inactivated the direct-acting mutagenicity associated with these compounds. Menadione and o-iodosobenzoic acid inhibited nitroreductase activity in all of the isolates, indicating the involvement of sulfhydryl groups in the active site of the enzyme. The optimum pH for nitroreductase activity was 8.0. Only the Clostridium sp. required added flavin adenine dinucleotide for nitroreductase activity. The nitroreductases were constitutive and extracellular. An activity stain for the detection of nitroreductase on anaerobic native polyacrylamide gels was developed. This activity stain revealed only one isozyme in each bacterium but showed that the nitroreductases from different bacteria had distinct electrophoretic mobilities. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 40 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 57 IS 4 BP 962 EP 968 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA FF039 UT WOS:A1991FF03900012 PM 2059053 ER PT J AU SCHUCKER, B WITTES, JT SANTANELLO, NC WEBER, SJ MCGOLDRICK, D DONATO, K LEVY, A RIFKIND, BM AF SCHUCKER, B WITTES, JT SANTANELLO, NC WEBER, SJ MCGOLDRICK, D DONATO, K LEVY, A RIFKIND, BM TI CHANGE IN CHOLESTEROL AWARENESS AND ACTION - RESULTS FROM NATIONAL PHYSICIAN AND PUBLIC SURVEYS SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEART-DISEASE; EDUCATION-PROGRAM; PERSPECTIVE; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AB The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Md, sponsored national telephone surveys of practicing physicians and the adult public in 1983, 1986, and 1990 to assess attitudes and practices regarding high serum cholesterol levels. Each time, approximately 1600 physicians and 4000 adults were interviewed. Trends show continuing change in medical practice and public health behavior relating to serum cholesterol. In 1990, physicians reported treating serum cholesterol at considerably lower levels than in 1986 and 1983. The median range of serum cholesterol at which diet therapy was initiated was 5.17 to 5.66 mmol/L(200 to 219 mg/dL) in 1990, down from 6.21 to 6.70 mmol/L (240 to 259 mg/dL) in 1986 and 6.72 to 7.21 mmol/L (260 to 279 mg/dL) in 1983. The median ranges for initiating drug therapy were 6.21 to 6.70 mmol/L (240 to 259 mg/dL) in 1990, 7.76 to 8.25 mmol/L (300 to 319 mg/dL) in 1986, and 8.79 to 9.28 mmol/L(340 to 359 mg/dL) in 1983. The number of adults who reported having had their cholesterol level checked rose from 35% to 46% to 65% in 1983, 1986, and 1990, respectively. Between 1983 and 1990, the number of adults reporting a physician diagnosis of high serum cholesterol increased from 7% to 16%; the number reporting a prescribed cholesterol-lowering diet increased from 3% to 9%. Reports of self-initiated diet efforts reached a high of 19% in 1986 and decreased to 15% in 1990. Two percent of adults reported drug prescriptions in 1990 compared with 1% in earlier years. In 1990, over 90% of physicians reported awareness and use of the recommendations from the Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults, and the public reported marked increases in awareness of dietary methods to lower serum cholesterol. These changes suggest educational gains; the data also suggest areas for continued cholesterol educational initiatives. C1 NHLBI,PREVENT & DEMONSTRAT RES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NEW ENGLAND RES INST INC,WASHINGTON,DC. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NHLBI,HLTH EDUC BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. MARKET FACTS INC,WASHINGTON,DC. RP SCHUCKER, B (reprint author), NHLBI,LIPID METAB ATHEROGENESIS BRANCH,ROOM 401,FED BLDG,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 27 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 1991 VL 151 IS 4 BP 666 EP 673 DI 10.1001/archinte.151.4.666 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FF779 UT WOS:A1991FF77900006 PM 2012446 ER PT J AU FLAMM, EL AF FLAMM, EL TI HOW FDA APPROVED CHYMOSIN - A CASE-HISTORY SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CALF PROCHYMOSIN PRORENNIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ENZYMATIC-PROPERTIES; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; BOVINE CHYMOSIN; RECOMBINANT DNA; EXPRESSION; GENE RP FLAMM, EL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,HF-6,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 21 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD APR PY 1991 VL 9 IS 4 BP 349 EP 351 DI 10.1038/nbt0491-349 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA FE667 UT WOS:A1991FE66700011 PM 1367006 ER PT J AU DRAGUNSKY, E WIERENGA, D LEVENBOOK, I AF DRAGUNSKY, E WIERENGA, D LEVENBOOK, I TI INCREASED SENSITIVITY OF ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN-TREATED NEWBORN RAT ASSAY FOR METASTASIS SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article ID NUDE-MICE C1 PHARMACEUT MANUFACTURERS ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC. RP DRAGUNSKY, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29A,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD APR PY 1991 VL 19 IS 2 BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1016/1045-1056(91)90001-Z PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FP944 UT WOS:A1991FP94400001 PM 1888496 ER PT J AU GOLDBERG, RN BELL, D TEWARI, YB MCLAUGHLIN, MA AF GOLDBERG, RN BELL, D TEWARI, YB MCLAUGHLIN, MA TI THERMODYNAMICS OF HYDROLYSIS OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE AMYLOSE; ENTHALPY; ISOMALTOTRIOSE; MALTOSE; MALTOHEPTAOSE; MALTOHEXAOSE; MALTOPENTAOSE; MALTOTETRAOSE; MALTOTRIOSE; PANOSE; RAFFINOSE; STACHYOSE AB Microcalorimetry has been used to determine enthalpy changes for the hydrolysis of a series of oligosaccharides. High-pressure liquid chromatography was used to determine the extents of reaction and to check for any possible side reactions. The enzyme glucan 1,4-alpha-glucosidase was used to bring about the following hydrolysis reactions: (A) maltose(aq) + H2O(liq) = 2D-glucose(aq); (B) maltotriose(aq) + 2H2O(liq) = 3D-glucose(aq); (C) maltotetraose(aq) + 3H2O(liq) - 4D-glucose(aq); (D) maltopentaose(aq) + 4H2O(liq) = 5D-glucose(aq); (E) maltohexaose(aq) + 5H2O(liq) = 6D-glucose(aq); (F) maltoheptaose(aq) + 6H2O(liq) = 7D-glucose(aq); (G) amylose(aq) + nH2O(liq) = (n + 1) D-glucose(aq); and (H) panose(aq) + 2H2O(liq) = 3D-glucose(aq); (J) isomaltotriose(aq) + 2H2O(liq) = 3D-glucose(aq). The enzyme beta-fructofuranosidase was used for the reactions: (K) raffinose(aq) + H2O(liq) = alpha-D-melibiose(aq) + D-fructose(aq); and (L) stachyose(aq) + H2O(liq) = o-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-alpha-o-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-alpha-D-glucopyranose + D-fructose(aq). The results of the calorimetric measurements (298.15 K, 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 4.44-6.00) are: DELTA-H(A)degrees = -4.55 +/- 0.10, DELTA-H(B)degrees = -9.03 +/- 0.10, DELTA-H(C)degrees = -13.79 +/- 0.15, DELTA-H(D)degrees = -18.12 +/- 0.10, DELTA-H(E)degrees = -22.40 +/- 0.15, DELTA-H(F)degrees = -26.81 +/- 0.20, DELTA-H(H)degrees = 1.46 +/- 0.40, DELTA-H(J)degrees = 11.4 +/- 2.0, DELTA-H(K)degrees = -15.25 +/- 0.20, and DELTA-H(L)degrees = -14.93 +/- 0.20 kJ mol-1. The enthalpies of hydrolysis of two different samples of amylose were 1062 +/- 20 and 2719 +/- 100 kJ mol-1, respectively. These processes correspond to the hydrolysis of the following linkages: glucose-glucose (alpha,1 --> 4) glucose-glucose (alpha,1 --> 6), and glucose-fructose (1 --> 6). The respective enthalpy changes accompanying the hydrolysis of these linkages are -4.53, 5.8 and -15.0 kJ mol-1. Both these results and available thermodynamic data in the literature demonstrate that additivity works well in predicting the thermodynamics of hydrolysis reactions involving oligosaccharides. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP GOLDBERG, RN (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CHEM THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4622 J9 BIOPHYS CHEM JI Biophys. Chem. PD APR PY 1991 VL 40 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0301-4622(91)85030-T PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA FJ851 UT WOS:A1991FJ85100006 PM 1873473 ER PT J AU ROY, AK UPADHYAYA, P EVANS, FE ELBAYOUMY, K AF ROY, AK UPADHYAYA, P EVANS, FE ELBAYOUMY, K TI STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MAJOR ADDUCTS FORMED BY REACTION OF 4,5-EPOXY-4,5-DIHYDRO-1-NITROPYRENE WITH DNA SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; OXIDIZED METABOLITES; 1-NITROPYRENE; BINDING; MUTAGENICITY; RATS; IDENTIFICATION; INVITRO AB The only available marker of DNA adducts formed from 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and DNA, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-aminopyrene, is derived from the nitroreduction pathway. Our studies, as well as those of others, have indicated that multiple DNA adducts are formed from 1-NP in vivo and in vitro. Thus the need for additional DNA adduct markers was apparent. Therefore, it was our goal to characterize the DNA adducts formed from 4,5-epoxy-4,5-dihydro-1-nitropyrene, a metabolite of 1-NP. The epoxide was incubated with calf thymus DNA (pH 5.4). The DNA was enzymatically hydrolyzed to deoxyribonucleosides which were analyzed by reverse phase HPLC. Three major peaks were obtained in yields < 5%. The structural assignment of these adducts was made by comparison of their proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra with those of cis- and trans-4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxy-1-nitropyrene, and by long range coupling constants, decoupling experiments, D2O exchange, partitions and acid hydrolysis. Two adducts result from trans and one from cis addition of the N2-exocyclic amino group of deoxyguanosine to the C5-benzylic carbon of the epoxide ring. This is the first report that describes the structure of the DNA adducts formed with a ring-oxidized metabolite of 1-NP. On the basis of this finding we suggest that K-region oxides of 1-NP may be responsible for the formation of the putative 1-NP-DNA adducts in vivo. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP ELBAYOUMY, K (reprint author), AMER HLTH FDN,1 DANA RD,VALHALLA,NY 10595, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 35519] NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD APR PY 1991 VL 12 IS 4 BP 577 EP 581 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.4.577 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FG197 UT WOS:A1991FG19700005 PM 1849468 ER PT J AU FU, PP MILLER, DW VONTUNGELN, LS BRYANT, MS LAY, JO HUANG, K JONES, L EVANS, FE AF FU, PP MILLER, DW VONTUNGELN, LS BRYANT, MS LAY, JO HUANG, K JONES, L EVANS, FE TI FORMATION OF C8-MODIFIED DEOXYGUANOSINE AND C8-MODIFIED DEOXYADENOSINE AS MAJOR DNA ADDUCTS FROM 2-NITROPYRENE METABOLISM MEDIATED BY RAT AND MOUSE-LIVER MICROSOMES AND CYTOSOLS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN 1-NITROPYRENE; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; STEREOSELECTIVE METABOLISM; OXIDIZED METABOLITES; INVITRO REACTION; IDENTIFICATION; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; BINDING; NITROARENES AB 2-Nitropyrene, the geometric isomer of the most studied nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (nitro-PAH), 1-nitropyrene, is an environmental contaminant detected in ambient air and a potent direct-acting mutagen. Its metabolic activation leading to the formation of DNA adducts was studied. The activated metabolite, N-hydroxy-2-aminopyrene, was prepared and reacted with calf thymus DNA. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis of the DNA, the resulting nucleosides were separated by HPLC, and the adducts were characterized by mass and proton NMR spectral analysis. Both N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminopyrene and N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)-2-aminopyrene, in a 5:2 ratio, were identified. These adducts were then utilized as standards to identify the DNA adducts formed from reaction of [H-3]2-nitropyrene with DNA mediated by liver microsomes and cytosols of mouse and rat. In all cases, both adducts were formed. The quantities of the two adducts formed in each system were: mouse liver microsomes (11.3 pmol [H-3]2-nitropyrene/mg DNA), rat liver microsomes (23), mouse liver cytosol (11.4) and rat liver cytosol (5.1). Thus, these adducts were formed in highest yield from rat liver microsomes and the lowest from rat liver cytosol. The deoxyguanosine/deoxyadenosine adduct ratio was higher from rat and mouse liver microsomes (7.8:9.2) than from rat and mouse liver cytosols (2.5:3.1). Our results represent the first direct demonstration of a C8-deoxyadenosine adduct being formed as a major product from the reaction of a nitro-PAH metabolite with DNA. RP FU, PP (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 55 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD APR PY 1991 VL 12 IS 4 BP 609 EP 616 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.4.609 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FG197 UT WOS:A1991FG19700009 PM 2013125 ER PT J AU PELUSO, M CASTEGNARO, M MALAVEILLE, C FRIESEN, M GARREN, L HAUTEFEUILLE, A VINEIS, P KADLUBAR, F BARTSCH, H AF PELUSO, M CASTEGNARO, M MALAVEILLE, C FRIESEN, M GARREN, L HAUTEFEUILLE, A VINEIS, P KADLUBAR, F BARTSCH, H TI 32POSTLABELLING ANALYSIS OF URINARY MUTAGENS FROM SMOKERS OF BLACK TOBACCO IMPLICATES 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE (PHIP) AS A MAJOR DNA-DAMAGING AGENT SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; AROMATIC-AMINES; COOKED BEEF; ADDUCTS; IDENTIFICATION; PHENYLALANINE; GENOTOXICITY; ASSAY; MICE; MEAT AB When mutagens extracted from the urine of two smokers of black tobacco were reacted with DNA in vitro in the presence of a metabolic activation system, several DNA adducts were detected by P-32-postlabelling analysis. Some of these adducts were also visible, but only faintly, on the autoradiogram for a non-smoker's urine. DNA adducts produced in vitro by 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline or 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[3,5-b]pyridine could not account for the adduct pattern produced by the urinary mutagens. However, three or four 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP)-related DNA adducts were present among the five or six adducts observed for smokers in the autoradiograms of urinary mutagen-adducted nucleotides. Mutagenicity testing combined with HPLC fractionation of urinary extracts also supported the postlabelling data which implicates PhIP as a mutagen in the urine of smokers of black tobacco. C1 INT AGCY RES CANC,150 COURS ALBERT THOMAS,F-69372 LYONS,FRANCE. UNIV TURIN,I-10126 TURIN,ITALY. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 28 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD APR PY 1991 VL 12 IS 4 BP 713 EP 717 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.4.713 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FG197 UT WOS:A1991FG19700026 PM 2013135 ER PT J AU FREIMAN, JP JOLSON, HM GERSTMAN, BB AF FREIMAN, JP JOLSON, HM GERSTMAN, BB TI DIAGNOSIS OF DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS AMONG WOMEN USING ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLENCE,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A575 EP A575 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32302488 ER PT J AU JOLSON, HM HERRERA, CR GURALNIK, JM CHRISCHILLES, E HANLON, J OSTFELD, AM TAYLOR, JO AF JOLSON, HM HERRERA, CR GURALNIK, JM CHRISCHILLES, E HANLON, J OSTFELD, AM TAYLOR, JO TI CHARACTERISTICS OF OLDER HYPERTENSIVES UNDER TREATMENT FOR HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE - RESULTS FROM A POPULATION-BASED SURVEY SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A592 EP A592 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32302591 ER PT J AU JONES, A PRESLAND, R LEHMAN, P DALE, B AF JONES, A PRESLAND, R LEHMAN, P DALE, B TI THE REPEATED EPILATION MOUSE, A MUTANT IN EPIDERMAL DIFFERENTIATION AND OROFACIAL DEVELOPMENT - SYSTEMIC CONSEQUENCES OF A MUTANT RETINOL BINDING-PROTEIN SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ORAL BIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PERIODONT,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A563 EP A563 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32302424 ER PT J AU KIM, I YIP, R YETLEY, EA AF KIM, I YIP, R YETLEY, EA TI VARIATIONS IN IRON STATUS MEASURES DURING THE MENSTRUAL-CYCLE FOR WOMEN IN THE HISPANIC HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY (HHANES) SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A649 EP A649 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32302929 ER PT J AU LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ DANG, AQ AF LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ DANG, AQ TI EFFECT OF ACUTE DIABETES AND INSULIN THERAPY ON STRATUM-CORNEUM BARRIER FUNCTION IN RATS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. JOHN L MCCLELLAN MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A564 EP A564 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32302430 ER PT J AU LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ AF LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION AND AGE ON STRATUM-CORNEUM BARRIER FUNCTION IN RATS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A564 EP A564 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32302429 ER PT J AU WALLINGFORD, JC LANTZ, J AF WALLINGFORD, JC LANTZ, J TI NUTRITIONAL INTAKE OF EXCLUSIVELY FORMULA-FED UNITED-STATES INFANTS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CLIN NUTR BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A658 EP A658 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32302985 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, JJ KENNISON, J KASSIS, J KELLY, K SIEBENLIST, U AF WRIGHT, JJ KENNISON, J KASSIS, J KELLY, K SIEBENLIST, U TI DROSOPHILA HOMOLOG OF ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTIONAL FACTOR INDUCED BY HUMAN RETROVIRUSES SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP A169 EP A169 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA FH323 UT WOS:A1991FH32300167 ER PT J AU BLOOM, ET AF BLOOM, ET TI FUNCTIONAL IMPORTANCE OF CD4+ AND CD8+ CELLS IN CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTES ACTIVITY AND ASSOCIATED GENE-EXPRESSION - IMPACT ON THE AGE-RELATED DECLINE IN LYTIC ACTIVITY SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYTO-TOXICITY; AGING MICE; INDUCTION; PERFORIN AB Previously we found that the age-related decline in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) activity in a murine allogeneic system is associated with declining expression of the perforin and two serine esterase genes by senescent CTL. To identify the cell subsets responsible for the age-related decrement in the generation of CTL, splenic T cells, subsets, and mixtures of subsets from aging and young BALB/c female mice were analyzed for their allo-responsiveness to C57BL/6 spleen cells. Depletion studies revealed that CD8+ cells expressed both the lytic activity and the CTL-associated genes, although both CD8+ and CD4+ cells were required for generation of optimal lytic and proliferative responses. Mixture experiments demonstrated that the reduced lytic activity generated by CD8+ cells from the spleens of old mice is a consequence of alterations in both CD8+ and CD4+ cells. The results of experiments in which CD4+ cells from young and old mice were mixed revealed that the alteration in CD4+ cells is consistent with a loss of function. These findings show that (a) the expression of the perforin and serine esterase genes in primary CTL is associated with CD8+ T cells in old and young mice, and exhibits an age-related decrement consistent with that for lytic activity, and (b) the senescent decline in CTL activity is a consequence of aging decreasing activity in both the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. RP BLOOM, ET (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1013 EP 1017 DI 10.1002/eji.1830210423 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FJ284 UT WOS:A1991FJ28400022 PM 1673431 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR AF SHANK, FR TI THE NATIONAL-ADVISORY-COMMITTEE-ON-MICROBIOLOGICAL-CRITERIA-FOR-FOODS - AN INTRODUCTION SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT BIOTECHNOLOGICAL DIVISION SYMP AT THE 1990 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE INST OF FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS CY JUN 16-20, 1990 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS, DIV BIOTECHNOL RP SHANK, FR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 45 IS 4 BP 142 EP 142 PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA FF158 UT WOS:A1991FF15800008 ER PT J AU NG, KME CHU, I BRONAUGH, RL FRANKLIN, CA SOMERS, DA AF NG, KME CHU, I BRONAUGH, RL FRANKLIN, CA SOMERS, DA TI PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION METABOLISM OF PHENANTHRENE IN THE HAIRLESS GUINEA-PIG - COMPARISON OF INVITRO AND INVIVO RESULTS SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 ENVIRONM HLTH DIRECTORATE,BUR CHEM HAZARDS,DIV ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT TOXICOL,OTTAWA,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,DERMAL & OCULAR TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 16 IS 3 BP 517 EP 524 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(91)90092-I PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA FE983 UT WOS:A1991FE98300013 PM 1855623 ER PT J AU JANOFF, EN ORENSTEIN, JM MANISCHEWITZ, JF SMITH, PD AF JANOFF, EN ORENSTEIN, JM MANISCHEWITZ, JF SMITH, PD TI ADENOVIRUS COLITIS IN THE ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOMOSEXUAL MEN; AIDS; INFECTIONS; GASTROENTERITIS; PREVALENCE; PATHOGENS; VIRUS C1 NIDR,CELLULAR IMMUNOL SECT,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP JANOFF, EN (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT MED,INFECT DIS SECT,1 VET DR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55417, USA. NR 16 TC 70 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1991 VL 100 IS 4 BP 976 EP 979 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA FB642 UT WOS:A1991FB64200017 PM 2001834 ER PT J AU BURNS, DL GOULDKOSTKA, JL KESSEL, M ARCINIEGA, JL AF BURNS, DL GOULDKOSTKA, JL KESSEL, M ARCINIEGA, JL TI PURIFICATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A GROEL-LIKE PROTEIN FROM BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS; ANTIGENIC ANALYSIS; COMMON ANTIGEN; BINDING; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; CHLAMYDIAE; ANTIBODIES; ARTHRITIS AB A GroEL-like protein from Bordetella pertussis was purified. This protein was found to have the tetradecameric subunit structure typical of the GroEL family of proteins and to contain epitopes similar to those of other members of this family, including a human GroEL-like protein. Active immunization of neonatal mice with the B. pertussis GroEL-like protein provided little protection against an aerosol challenge with B. pertussis. Antibodies to this protein were elicited in mice by a standard diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine but not by an experimental acellular pertussis vaccine. Since the Bordetella GroEL-like protein was found to contain epitopes similar to those on the mammalian analog, the potential exists that vaccination with standard DTP vaccines may induce antibodies which react with the mammalian GroEL analog. C1 NIAMSD,STRUCT STUDIES RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BURNS, DL (reprint author), NIAMSD,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1991 VL 59 IS 4 BP 1417 EP 1422 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA FD915 UT WOS:A1991FD91500029 PM 2004820 ER PT J AU MOSSOBA, MM MCDONALD, RE ARMSTRONG, DJ PAGE, SW AF MOSSOBA, MM MCDONALD, RE ARMSTRONG, DJ PAGE, SW TI HYDROGENATION OF SOYBEAN OIL - A THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY MATRIX-ISOLATION FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACIDS; ISOMERS AB By use of gas chromatography/matrix isolation/Fourier transform infrared (GC/MI/FT-IR) spectroscopy, the double-bond configurations of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) derived from hydrogenated soybean oil and margarine were determined from the positions of observed IR bands. However, because of the formation of complex FAME mixtures with overlapping GC peaks, preliminary separation was necessary. Mixtures of FAMEs were separated by silver nitrate thin-layer chromatography and GC using a polar cyanopropylpolysiloxane capillary column. GC eluates were trapped at 12 K under high vacuum in an argon matrix and subsequently analyzed by IR spectroscopy. Because of the high specificity of the MI/FT-IR technique, unique IR spectra were obtained that allowed the characterization of eight C18 diene FAME positional isomers with trans, trans or trans/cis configuration. C18 FAMEs with identical GC retention times were readily distinguished, and their degree of unsaturation and double-bond configuration were established by IR spectroscopy. C1 US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. RP MOSSOBA, MM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 4 BP 695 EP 699 DI 10.1021/jf00004a014 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA FH440 UT WOS:A1991FH44000014 ER PT J AU WANG, Y LU, CH XIAO, ZF WANG, GJ KUAN, SS RIGSBY, EJ AF WANG, Y LU, CH XIAO, ZF WANG, GJ KUAN, SS RIGSBY, EJ TI DETERMINATION OF ALUMINUM IN FOODS BY STABILIZED TEMPERATURE PLATFORM GRAPHITE-FURNACE ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB A method for the determination of aluminum in foods by stabilized temperature platform graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (STP-GFAAS) is described. Samples were digested in a mixture of HNO3-HClO4 (5 + 1), and the digested residue was dissolved in 0.5% (w/v) Mg(NO3)2-0.3% (v/v) HNO3. Aluminum in solution was measured at 237.5 nm with a Varian SpectrAA-40P spectrometer equipped with a DS-15 data station and a GTA-96 graphite furnace. The linear calibration curve ranged from 0.24 to 250 ng. The detection limit of aluminum was 0.24 ng. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by using NBS pine needles (SRM 1575) and spinach leaves (SRM 1570) as standard reference materials. The values obtained (562-mu-g/g) for pine needles and (854-mu-g/g) for spinach leaves are in good agreement with NBS SRM certified values. Sixteen different varieties of food samples were spiked, and the average recoveries of aluminum from the spiked samples ranged from 86% to 111%. C1 US FDA,NEW ORLEANS DIST,4298 ELYSIAN FIELDS AVE,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70122. W CHINA UNIV MED SCI,SICHUAN 610041,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 13 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 4 BP 724 EP 726 DI 10.1021/jf00004a020 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA FH440 UT WOS:A1991FH44000020 ER PT J AU MILIOTIS, MD AF MILIOTIS, MD TI ACRIDINE-ORANGE STAIN FOR DETERMINING INTRACELLULAR ENTEROPATHOGENS IN HELA-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; INVASION; PHAGOCYTOSIS; PATHOGENESIS; INVASIVENESS; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; PLASMID AB Green-fluorescent intracellular enteropathogenic bacteria were observed after infected HeLa cell monolayers were stained with acridine orange and counterstained with crystal violet at least 3 h after infection. RP MILIOTIS, MD (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 24 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 29 IS 4 BP 830 EP 831 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA FC919 UT WOS:A1991FC91900033 PM 1716265 ER PT J AU SIEGEL, JP PURI, RK AF SIEGEL, JP PURI, RK TI INTERLEUKIN-2 TOXICITY SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; HIGH-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2; VASCULAR LEAK SYNDROME; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; CANCER-PATIENTS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; CLINICAL-TRIAL C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20205. RP SIEGEL, JP (reprint author), NIH,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B-24,HFB-820,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 83 TC 369 Z9 377 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 9 IS 4 BP 694 EP 704 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FD863 UT WOS:A1991FD86300021 PM 2066765 ER PT J AU POTHULURI, JV HINSON, JA CERNIGLIA, CE AF POTHULURI, JV HINSON, JA CERNIGLIA, CE TI PROPANIL - TOXICOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, METABOLISM, AND BIODEGRADATION POTENTIAL IN SOIL SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Review ID ANAEROBIC MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; NONSENSITIVE MOUSE STRAINS; HERBICIDE PROPANIL; CONGENER 3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROAZOXYBENZENE; 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CORRESPONDING AZOXY; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA; HYDRAZO ANALOGS AB Propanil [3',4'-dichloropropionanilide (DCPA)] is a biologically active pollutant. Propanil is extensively used around the world for control of weeds in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. Although propanil by itself is of low toxicity, the highly toxic impurities 3,3',4,4'-tetrachloroazobenzene (TCAB) and 3,3',4,4'-tetrachloroazoxybenzene (TCAOB) from the manufacture of 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) often contaminate the 3,4-DCA-derived herbicide propanil. These compounds are approximately isosteric to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and acting at the Ah receptor, are toxic by mechanisms similar to those of TCDD. Both TCAB and TCAOB are cytotoxic, embryolethal, and teratogenic, and hence are classified as possible human genotoxins. In soil, biodegradation of propanil liberates DCA, which is converted by microbial peroxidases to TCAB and other azo products. The TCAB and TCAOB may accumulate in rice-growing soils, and leach into groundwater. The toxicity and fate of these compounds in the environment and the ability of microorganisms to detoxify them are discussed. RP POTHULURI, JV (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 174 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD APR-JUN PY 1991 VL 20 IS 2 BP 330 EP 347 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FK179 UT WOS:A1991FK17900002 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM HIGGINS, KW CONOVER, J AF KLINMAN, DM HIGGINS, KW CONOVER, J TI SEQUENTIAL IMMUNIZATIONS WITH RGP120S FROM INDEPENDENT ISOLATES OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 INDUCE THE PREFERENTIAL EXPANSION OF BROADLY CROSS-REACTIVE B-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY; HTLV-III LAV; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; ENVELOPE GENE; VARIABLE REGIONS; AIDS; RETROVIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; III/LAV AB The gp120 envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a dominant target against which the host's humoral immune response is directed. Unfortunately, gp120 proteins from different isolates of HIV are antigenically distinct, complicating the use of the envelope glycoprotein in vaccines designed to prevent acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay (ELISA), BALB/c mice immunized and boosted with recombinant purified gp120 were studied at the single cell level for their humoral immune response to HIV-1 envelope proteins. Approximately 90% of responding B cells produced antibodies reactive with the immunizing form of gp120 but not with gp120s from other strains of HIV. A novel sandwich ELISA was then used to analyze the frequency with which individual in vivo activated B cells produced antibodies that crossreacted with heterologous gp120s. Repeated immunizations with a single gp120 or with a mixture of different gp120s resulted in the activation of primarily mono-specific (noncrossreactive) B cells. In contrast, the sequential immunization of mice with recombinant purified envelope proteins from different strains of HIV (IIIB, SF2, and Zr6) induced the selective expansion of B cells producing highly crossreactive antibodies. C1 CHIRON CORP,EMERYVILLE,CA 94608. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,RETROVIRUS RES LAB,BLDG 29A,BETHESDA,MD 20205, USA. NR 38 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 173 IS 4 BP 881 EP 887 DI 10.1084/jem.173.4.881 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FE128 UT WOS:A1991FE12800011 PM 2007856 ER PT J AU MOTES, ML PEELER, JT AF MOTES, ML PEELER, JT TI FIELD-EVALUATION OF THE MUG ASSAY FOR ENUMERATING ESCHERICHIA-COLI IN SEAWATER AND OYSTERS FROM SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article AB Oysters and seawater collected from the southeastern United States were examined for fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli, using the current procedure of the American Public Health Association (APHA) and the fluorogenic 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide (MUG) modified APHA procedure. After the presence of E. coli in both methods was confirmed by conventional IMViC procedures, there was no significant difference between method means at the alpha = 0.05 level. In oysters, low confirmation rates of 67 and 77% were observed by the APHA and the MUG methods, respectively. Seawater had the greatest confirmation rates (95%) by the MUG method. The MUG method may be a suitable alternative to the current APHA method for the microbiological evaluation of oysters and seawater. C1 US FDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1991 VL 54 IS 4 BP 246 EP 248 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA FG045 UT WOS:A1991FG04500001 ER PT J AU KALLANDER, KD HITCHINS, AD LANCETTE, GA SCHMIEG, JA GARCIA, GR SOLOMON, HM SOFOS, JN AF KALLANDER, KD HITCHINS, AD LANCETTE, GA SCHMIEG, JA GARCIA, GR SOLOMON, HM SOFOS, JN TI FATE OF LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES IN SHREDDED CABBAGE STORED AT 5-DEGREES-C AND 25-DEGREES-C UNDER A MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Note ID FRESH; VEGETABLES AB Shredded cabbage was inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes Scott A cells and stored in normal air or a modified (70% carbon dioxide and 30% nitrogen) atmosphere at 5 and 25-degrees-C. Under the normal atmosphere at 25-degrees-C, colony counts increased by 2 logs within 2 d of storage but then decreased to undetectable levels within 6 d of storage. In the modified atmosphere at 25-degrees-C, numbers also decreased to undetectable levels within 6 d, but with a less marked initial increase and a decline that was more rapid than in the unmodified atmosphere. In the cold (5-degrees-C), the counts increased gradually, but only by about 1 log, in both atmospheres. In the normal atmosphere at 5-degrees-C, however, colony counts decreased sharply after 13 d of storage. Reductions in colony counts coincided with decreases in cabbage pH and development of spoilage. The increased level of carbon dioxide was ineffective in controlling L. monocytogenes at 5-degrees-C. At 25-degrees-C cabbage spoilage was rapid and colony counts declined under both atmospheres of storage. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP KALLANDER, KD (reprint author), US FDA,DENVER DIST LAB,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 10 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1991 VL 54 IS 4 BP 302 EP 304 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA FG045 UT WOS:A1991FG04500014 ER PT J AU BELL, SJ MAZZOLA, EP DINOVI, MJ REYNOLDS, WF NIELSEN, KW AF BELL, SJ MAZZOLA, EP DINOVI, MJ REYNOLDS, WF NIELSEN, KW TI C-13 NMR INVESTIGATION OF TAUTOMERIC AND ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA OF PYRAZOLONE-T AND 3 ANALOGS SO JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Pyrazolone T and three derivatives have been characterized by C-13 and, in part, N-15 nmr at several pH values. The C-13 chemical shifts have been assigned at, or near, the equivalence points and pK(a) values of these four compounds. Closely situated quaternary carbon signals were assigned by means of a heteronuclear chemical shift correlation (FLOCK) experiment which is sensitive to, and was optimized for, 3-bond C-H couplings. The C-13 chemical shift data indicate the existence of both tautomeric and acid-base equilibria and demonstrate that the four congeners exist in surprisingly different forms at certain common pH values. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT CHEM,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU HETERO CORPORATION PI TAMPA PA BOX 20285, TAMPA, FL 33622-0285 SN 0022-152X J9 J HETEROCYCLIC CHEM JI J. Heterocycl. Chem. PD APR-MAY PY 1991 VL 28 IS 3 BP 641 EP 645 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA HU843 UT WOS:A1991HU84300018 ER PT J AU WONG, RA ALEXANDER, RB PURI, RK ROSENBERG, SA AF WONG, RA ALEXANDER, RB PURI, RK ROSENBERG, SA TI INVIVO PROLIFERATION OF ADOPTIVELY TRANSFERRED TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES IN MICE SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY; INTERLEUKIN-2; MICE; METASTATIC MELANOMA ID HIGH-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; T-CELLS; THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MIGRATION; CANCER; LOCALIZATION; LEUKEMIA; IMMUNIZATION AB The adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in conjunction with interleukin-2 (IL-2) administration can mediate a reduction in established pulmonary and hepatic metastases of a variety of murine tumors as well as in patients with metastatic melanoma. To characterize further the fate of adoptively transferred TILs, the uptake of the thymidine analog 5-[I-125]iodo-2-deoxyuridine ([I-125]UdR) into the DNA of dividing cells was used to study the in vivo proliferation and migration patterns of transferred TILs in C57BL/6N mice. Animals received 500 rad of total body irradiation prior to cell transfer to separate incorporation of radiolabel into endogenous lymphoid cells from that into transferred TILs. Mice were subsequently treated with i.v. injections of TILs or no cells followed by i.p. injections of Hanks' balanced salt solution or IL-2. At various time points, mice received [I-125]UdR, and 20 h later tissues were removed and counted on a gamma analyzer. A proliferation index (PI) was calculated by dividing the mean cpm of organs of experimentally treated mice by the mean cpm of organs of control mice. Animals receiving TILs alone demonstrated small increases in [I-125]UdR in the lungs, liver, and spleen of saline-treated controls (PI = 1.4, 1.6, and 1.7, respectively, on day 4), while animals treated with 50,000 U of IL-2 alone showed greater increases in the lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen (PI = 3.9, 6.1, 3.3, and 15.8). Mice receiving TILs plus IL-2 demonstrated the highest levels of radiolabel incorporation in the same organs (PI = 10.5, 19.4, 10.2, and 22.4). Over a period of 10 days, TIL plus IL-2 treated animals continued to incorporate significantly greater amounts of [I-125]UdR for as long as high-dose IL-2 was administered. Animals treated with TILs demonstrated increased incorporation of radiolabel with increasing doses of IL-2. Injection of irradiated TILs did not result in an increased uptake of [I-125]UdR into these tissues, thus confirming that TIL proliferation is responsible for the radiolabel uptake in animals receiving TILs alone or TILs plus IL-2. Additionally, fluorescein-labeled anti-Thy-1.1 antibody identified proliferating TILs derived from congenic B6.PL Thy 1a/CY (Thy-1.1) animals in the lungs, spleen, and liver of recipient C57BL/6N (Thy 1.2) mice. In summary, we have demonstrated that adoptively transferred TILs distribute widely after i.v. injection and can proliferate in various tissues especially under the influence of exogenous IL-2. C1 NCI,SURG BRANCH,BLDG 10,ROOM 2B56,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1053-8550 J9 J IMMUNOTHER JI J. Immunother. PD APR PY 1991 VL 10 IS 2 BP 120 EP 130 DI 10.1097/00002371-199104000-00006 PG 11 WC Oncology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Oncology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FD715 UT WOS:A1991FD71500006 PM 2043592 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, LJ HENDRY, RM PIERIK, LT TSOU, C MCINTOSH, K AF ANDERSON, LJ HENDRY, RM PIERIK, LT TSOU, C MCINTOSH, K TI MULTICENTER STUDY OF STRAINS OF RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SUBGROUP-B STRAINS; G-GLYCOPROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PRIMARY INFECTION; F-GLYCOPROTEIN; COTTON RATS; IMMUNITY; CHILDREN; PROTEINS; HETEROGENEITY AB Two major groups of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) strains, A and B, have been identified and their patterns of isolation determined in different communities but not simultaneously in multiple communities. In this study, we tested 483 RSV isolates from 14 university laboratories in the United States and Canada for the 1984/1985 and 1985/1986 RSV seasons; 303 (63%) isolates were group A, 114 (24%) were group B, and 66 (14%) could not be grouped. Isolates were subdivided into six subgroups within group A and three within group B; up to six and often four or more different subgroups were isolated in the same laboratory during the same RSV season. The patteen of group and subgroup isolations varied among laboratories during the same year and between years for the same laboratory. These differences suggest that RSV outbreaks are community, possibly regional, but not national phenomena. The ability to identify group and subgroup differences in isolates is a powerful tool for epidemiologic studies of RSV. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,BOSTON,MA 02115. CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 46 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1991 VL 163 IS 4 BP 687 EP 692 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA FD939 UT WOS:A1991FD93900001 PM 2010623 ER PT J AU JONES, A PRESLAND, R LEHMAN, P DALE, B AF JONES, A PRESLAND, R LEHMAN, P DALE, B TI THE REPEATED EPILATION MOUSE, A MUTANT IN EPIDERMAL DIFFERENTIATION AND OROFACIAL DEVELOPMENT - SYSTEMIC CONSEQUENCES OF A MUTANT RETINOL BINDING-PROTEIN SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ORAL BIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PEDODONT,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 96 IS 4 BP 533 EP 533 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA FE591 UT WOS:A1991FE59100033 ER PT J AU LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ DANG, AQ AF LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ DANG, AQ TI EFFECT OF ACUTE DIABETES AND INSULIN THERAPY ON STRATUM-CORNEUM BARRIER FUNCTION IN RATS SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. JOHN L MCCLELLAN MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 96 IS 4 BP 578 EP 578 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA FE591 UT WOS:A1991FE59100305 ER PT J AU LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ AF LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION AND AGE ON STRATUM-CORNEUM BARRIER FUNCTION IN RATS SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 96 IS 4 BP 578 EP 578 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA FE591 UT WOS:A1991FE59100303 ER PT J AU ELDADAH, ZA ASHER, DM GODEC, MS POMEROY, KL GOLDFARB, LG FEINSTONE, SM LEVITAN, H GIBBS, CJ GAJDUSEK, DC AF ELDADAH, ZA ASHER, DM GODEC, MS POMEROY, KL GOLDFARB, LG FEINSTONE, SM LEVITAN, H GIBBS, CJ GAJDUSEK, DC TI DETECTION OF FLAVIVIRUSES BY REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE ST-LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; DENGUE; YELLOW FEVER; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE; NESTING PRIMERS; RNA ID ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS RNA; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; DNA-POLYMERASE; PROTEINS; AMPLIFICATION; DENGUE; ACID AB RNA sequences of five flaviviruses were detected by a modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that incorporated a reverse transcriptase and RNase inhibitor. Oligonucleotide primer pairs were synthesized to amplify sequences from St. Louis encephalitis (SLE), Japanese encephalitis (JBE), yellow fever (YF), dengue 2 (DEN-2), and dengue 4 (DEN-4) viruses. The amplified products were visualized as bands of appropriate size on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels. The identity of these products was confirmed by restriction endonuclease cleavage to generate fragments of predicted lengths. The reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) successfully amplified flavivirus sequences from cell cultures, frozen brain tissue, and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue. The reactions were highly specific, and the method compared favorably to two conventional assays of viral infectivity. RT-PCR followed by PCR with nesting primers (N-PCR) was 1,000-fold more sensitive in detecting virus than classical infectivity titration by intracerebral inoculation of suckling mice and nearly 1,000-fold more sensitive than amplification of virus in cell culture followed by inoculation of mice. C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 29 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 33 IS 4 BP 260 EP 267 DI 10.1002/jmv.1890330410 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA FJ255 UT WOS:A1991FJ25500009 PM 1713265 ER PT J AU JACKSON, AJ ZECH, LA AF JACKSON, AJ ZECH, LA TI EASY AND PRACTICAL UTILIZATION OF CONSAM FOR SIMULATION, ANALYSIS, AND OPTIMIZATION OF COMPLEX DOSING REGIMENS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Complex dosing regimens simulated in the literature using a universal dosing regimen were calculated with a general dosing program developed using the program CONSAM. The program provides a rapid method of calculating nonuniform dosing regimens for up to n = 3 compartments for any linear model. Subject data can also be curve fitted with the program to obtain individual subject estimates to allow for dosage optimization, which is important in a clinical setting. Examples are presented to show the use of the program in optimizing a theophylline regimen, as well as estimation of a new parameter, C(uneq)(T), which is defined as the average non-steady-state drug concentration at time t for a drug with an irregular dosing interval. C1 NIH,MATH BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP JACKSON, AJ (reprint author), CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOEQUIVALENCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD APR PY 1991 VL 80 IS 4 BP 317 EP 320 DI 10.1002/jps.2600800406 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA FF977 UT WOS:A1991FF97700005 PM 1865330 ER PT J AU CHEN, ML PELSOR, FR AF CHEN, ML PELSOR, FR TI HALF-LIFE REVISITED - IMPLICATION IN CLINICAL-TRIALS AND BIOAVAILABILITY BIOEQUIVALENCE EVALUATION SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Letter ID BLOOD-SAMPLING SITE; DRUG CONCENTRATION; MARKED DEPENDENCE; PLASMA-LEVEL; ABSORPTION; PHARMACOKINETICS; PHARMACODYNAMICS; THERAPEUTICS; TOXICOLOGY; PRINCIPLE RP CHEN, ML (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD APR PY 1991 VL 80 IS 4 BP 406 EP 408 DI 10.1002/jps.2600800427 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA FF977 UT WOS:A1991FF97700026 PM 1865346 ER PT J AU BOWYER, JF SCALLET, AC HOLSON, RR LIPE, GW SLIKKER, W ALI, SF AF BOWYER, JF SCALLET, AC HOLSON, RR LIPE, GW SLIKKER, W ALI, SF TI INTERACTIONS OF MK-801 WITH GLUTAMATE-EVOKED, GLUTAMINE-EVOKED AND METHAMPHETAMINE-EVOKED RELEASE OF [H-3] DOPAMINE FROM STRIATAL SLICES SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; CAUDATE-NUCLEUS INVITRO; RAT-BRAIN; AMINO-ACIDS; DOPAMINE RELEASE; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; ACETYLCHOLINE-RELEASE; ENDOGENOUS DOPAMINE; RECEPTOR AGONISTS AB The interactions of MK-801 [(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d] cyclohepten-5,10-imine], glutamate and glutamine with methamphetamine (METH)-evoked release of [H-3]dopamine were assessed in vitro to determine whether MK-801 inhibition of METH neurotoxicity might be mediated presynaptically, and to evaluate the effects of glutamatergic stimulation on METH-evoked dopamine release. MK-801 inhibition of glutamate- or METH-evoked dopamine release might reduce synaptic dopamine levels during METH exposure and decrease the formation of 6-hydroxydopamine or other related neurotoxins. Without Mg++ present, 40-mu-M and 1 mM glutamate evoked a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated [H-3]dopamine and [H-3]metabolite (tritium) release of 3 to 6 and 12 to 16% of total tritium stores, respectively, from striatal slices. With 1.50 mM Mg++ present, 10 mM glutamate alone or in combination with the dopamine uptake blocker nomifensine released only 2.1 or 4.2%, respectively, of total tritium stores, and release was only partially dependent on N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptors. With or without 1.50 mM Mg++ present, 0.5 or 5-mu-M METH evoked a substantial release of tritium (5-8 or 12-21% of total stores, respectively). METH-evoked dopamine release was not affected by 5-mu-M MK-801 but METH-evoked release was additive with glutamate-evoked release. Without Mg++ present, 1 mM glutamine increased glutamate release and induced the release of [H-3]dopamine and metabolites. Both 0.5 and 5-mu-M METH also increased tritium release with 1 mM glutamine present. When striatal slices were exposed to 5-mu-M METH this glutamine-evoked release of glutamate was increased more than 50%. These in vitro results indicate that MK-801 protection against METH toxicity is not via direct presynaptic inhibition of METH-evoked dopamine release. Nonetheless, the release of dopamine by METH and glutamate is additive, and MK-801 might reduce dopamine released by glutamate neuroexcitation either during or shortly after METH exposure, and thus reduce toxicity. RP BOWYER, JF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 58 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD APR PY 1991 VL 257 IS 1 BP 262 EP 270 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FH240 UT WOS:A1991FH24000034 PM 1673475 ER PT J AU JACKSON, CD CRONIN, GM STONE, TW AF JACKSON, CD CRONIN, GM STONE, TW TI SUBCHRONIC STUDIES OF THENYLDIAMINE IN B6C3F1 MICE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE; RATS; LIVER AB Thenyldiamine was administered as an admixture in the feed to male and female B6C3F1, mice for 14 days or for 90 days. Dose levels of 0, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 ppm thenyldiamine were administered in both studies. There was little toxicity observed in the 14-day study. Male and female mice in the 4000 ppm dose groups gained less weight in the first week but appeared to recover and weighed essentially the same as controls at the end of the second week. No significant abnormal clinical observations were made during the study and no treatment-related lesions were observed at necropsy. Microscopic lesions were confined to focal necrosis of the liver with associated inflammatory cell infiltration. In the 90-day study, a more pronounced reduction of weight gain was seen in both males and females of the 4000, ppm dose group. Clinical observations were unremarkable. No abnormal lesions were observed at necropsy. Treatment-related microscopic lesions were confined to the liver of males and parotid salivary gland of both sexes. The parotid gland exhibited necrosis of individual acinar cells randomly distributed throughout the gland. Due to the physiological nature of the parotid gland, the toxicological significance of this lesion is questionable. The liver changes were very subtle, although the zone of affected cells was often extensive. The changes consisted of cytomegaly and karyomegaly of the hepatocytes which was centrilobular and diffuse. Whether the subtle changes represent a possible carcinogenic and/or promoting effect will require further studies to resolve. The results indicate an appropriate maximum tolerated dose for a lifetime chronic study would be between 2000 and 4000 ppm thenyldiamine. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP JACKSON, CD (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. OI Stone, Trevor/0000-0002-5532-0031 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 10 IS 2 BP 243 EP 253 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GN779 UT WOS:A1991GN77900004 ER PT J AU WEISSINGER, J MCRAE, D AF WEISSINGER, J MCRAE, D TI FDA FAST-TRACKING OF PET POPULATION-CONTROL DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP WEISSINGER, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,HFD-502,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 1991 VL 198 IS 7 BP 1231 EP 1233 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA FD437 UT WOS:A1991FD43700024 PM 2045345 ER PT J AU LAI, CC OWN, ZY UNRUH, LE CHOU, MW AF LAI, CC OWN, ZY UNRUH, LE CHOU, MW TI IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF 9-METHYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENES AND 10-METHYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENES SO JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; 9-METHYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE; 10-METHYLBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE AB The synthesis of 9- and 10-methylbenz[a]anthracenes by improved methods are described. These new procedures are simple and convenient, and provide the title compounds in good yields and high purity. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP LAI, CC (reprint author), PROVIDENCE UNIV,INST APPL CHEM,TAICHUNG 43309,TAIWAN. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHINESE CHEM SOC PI TAIPEI PA PO BOX 609, TAIPEI 10099, TAIWAN SN 0009-4536 J9 J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP JI J. Chin. Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1991 VL 38 IS 2 BP 207 EP 209 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA FG908 UT WOS:A1991FG90800018 ER PT J AU LEMON, SM MURPHY, PC SHIELDS, PA PING, LH FEINSTONE, SM CROMEANS, T JANSEN, RW AF LEMON, SM MURPHY, PC SHIELDS, PA PING, LH FEINSTONE, SM CROMEANS, T JANSEN, RW TI ANTIGENIC AND GENETIC-VARIATION IN CYTOPATHIC HEPATITIS-A VIRUS VARIANTS ARISING DURING PERSISTENT INFECTION - EVIDENCE FOR GENETIC-RECOMBINATION SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; WILD-TYPE VIRUS; CELL-CULTURE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CYTO-PATHOLOGY; SERIAL PASSAGE; PLAQUE-ASSAY; STRAIN HM175; PROPAGATION AB Variants of hepatitis A virus (pHM175 virus) recovered from persistently infected green monkey kidney (BS-C-1) cells induced a cytopathic effect during serial passage in BS-C-1 or fetal rhesus kidney (FRhK-4) cells. Epitope-specific radioimmunofocus assays showed that this virus comprised two virion populations, one with altered antigenicity including neutralization resistance to monoclonal antibody K24F2, and the other with normal antigenic characteristics. Replication of the antigenic variant was favored over that of virus with the normal antigenic phenotype during persistent infection, while virus with the normal antigenic phenotype was selected during serial passage. Viruses of each type were clonally isolated; both wer cytopathic in cell cultures and displayed a rapid replication phenotype when compared with the noncytopathic passage 16 (p16) HM175 virus which was used to establish the original persistent infection. The two cytopathic virus clones contained 31 and 34 nucleotide changes from the sequence of p16 HM175. Both shared a common 5' sequence (bases 30 to 1677), as well as sequence identity in the P2-P3 region (bases 3249 to 5303 and 6462 to 6781) and 3' terminus (bases 7272 to 7478). VP3, VP1, and 3C(pro) contained different mutations in the two virus clones, with amino acid substitutions at residues 70 of VP3 and 197 and 276 of VP1 of the antigenic variant. These capsid mutations did not affect virion thermal stability. A comparison of the nearly complete genomic sequences of three clonally isolated cytopathic variants was suggestive of genetic recombination between these viruses during persistent infection and indicated that mutations in both 5' and 3' nontranslated regions and in the nonstructural proteins 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, and 3D(pol) may be related to the cytopathic phenotype. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV VIRAL DIS,HEPATITIS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,CBER,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP LEMON, SM (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01-AI22279] NR 43 TC 151 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 65 IS 4 BP 2056 EP 2065 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA FC031 UT WOS:A1991FC03100049 PM 1705995 ER PT J AU CORDARO, JC AF CORDARO, JC TI TRANSGENIC MICE AS FUTURE MODELS IN THE MOLECULAR-GENETICS OF RISK ASSESSMENT FOR HUMAN-DISEASES SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD APR PY 1991 VL 252 IS 2 BP 175 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0165-1161(91)90037-9 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA FE677 UT WOS:A1991FE67700027 ER PT J AU JOB, JS HALSEY, NA BOULOS, R HOLT, E FARRELL, D ALBRECHT, P BRUTUS, JR ADRIEN, M ANDRE, J CHAN, E KISSINGER, P BOULOS, C AF JOB, JS HALSEY, NA BOULOS, R HOLT, E FARRELL, D ALBRECHT, P BRUTUS, JR ADRIEN, M ANDRE, J CHAN, E KISSINGER, P BOULOS, C TI SUCCESSFUL IMMUNIZATION OF INFANTS AT 6 MONTHS OF AGE WITH HIGH-DOSE EDMONSTON-ZAGREB MEASLES-VACCINE SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MEASLES; MEASLES VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; MATERNAL ANTIBODIES ID MATERNAL ANTIBODY; MORTALITY; IMPACT; BANGLADESH; OUTBREAKS; AFRICA; STRAIN AB A group of 2097 Haitian infants 6 to 11 months of age were randomized to receive Schwarz or Edmonston-Zagreb strain measles vaccines containing 10- to 500-fold more vaccine viral particles than standard potency vaccines. No unusual adverse reactions were noted. Edmonston-Zagreb vaccines were more effective than equivalent doses of Schwarz vaccines as measured by the proportion of vaccinated children with measles antibody concentrations greater-than-or-equal-to 200 mIU/ml 2 months after vaccination and the persistence of antibody at 18 to 24 months of age. High titer Edmonston-Zagreb vaccine administered at 6 months of age induced antibody concentrations greater-than-or-equal-to mIU/ml in 83% of infants by plaque reduction neutralization and 93% of infants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with high rates of antibody persistence at 12 to 24 months of age. The World Health Organization recommends high titer Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccines for routine use at 6 months of age in areas where measles is an important cause of mortality in young infants. C1 CTR DEV & HLTH,PORT AU PRINCE,HAITI. CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD. CTR HLTH,PORT AU PRINCE,HAITI. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI-26521] NR 44 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD APR PY 1991 VL 10 IS 4 BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1097/00006454-199104000-00008 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA FF988 UT WOS:A1991FF98800008 PM 2062626 ER PT J AU MINK, CM OBRIEN, C WASSILAK, S MANCLARK, CR MEADE, BD AF MINK, CM OBRIEN, C WASSILAK, S MANCLARK, CR MEADE, BD TI SENSITIVITY OF ASSAYS FOR THE SEROLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS INFECTION SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV IMMUNIZAT,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 29 IS 4 BP A179 EP A179 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA FE038 UT WOS:A1991FE03801052 ER PT J AU KARNES, HT SHIU, G SHAH, VP AF KARNES, HT SHIU, G SHAH, VP TI VALIDATION OF BIOANALYTICAL METHODS SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE QUALITY CONTROL; QUALITY ASSURANCE; VALIDATION; CALIBRATION; PRECISION; ACCURACY AB Validation of bioanalytical methods used to generate data for pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies is approached by a variety of techniques and is subject to many different methods of interpretation. This Review puts the various techniques into perspective and discusses pitfalls which may occur in interpretation of validation data. Recovery studies, standardization techniques, and selectivity/specificity are discussed with regard to the intrinsic value of various techniques that are used in validation. Models used for analytical calibration curves are explained in terms of their validity and limitations, along with a presentation of the most common ways to validate the model. Analytical sensitivity and detection limits are presented and discussed with regard to the usefulness of the various definitions. Appropriate means of testing precision and accuracy, the most important factors in assessing method quality, are presented. Stability and ruggedness testing are discussed along with a presentation of ways to asses data acceptability on a daily run basis. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP KARNES, HT (reprint author), VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,DEPT PHARM & PHARMACEUT,BOX 533,MCV STN,RICHMOND,VA 23298, USA. NR 20 TC 173 Z9 175 U1 2 U2 15 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 8 IS 4 BP 421 EP 426 DI 10.1023/A:1015882607690 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FF987 UT WOS:A1991FF98700001 PM 1871036 ER PT J AU MARTINEZ, MN JACKSON, AJ AF MARTINEZ, MN JACKSON, AJ TI SUITABILITY OF VARIOUS NONINFINITY AREA UNDER THE PLASMA-CONCENTRATION TIME CURVE (AUC) ESTIMATES FOR USE IN BIOEQUIVALENCE DETERMINATIONS - RELATIONSHIP TO AUC FROM ZERO TO TIME INFINITY (AUC0-INF) SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE AREA UNDER THE PLASMA CONCENTRATION TIME CURVE (AUC); BIOAVAILABILITY; NONINFINITY AUC ESTIMATES; 90-PERCENT CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; DANAZOL; BACLOFEN; OXAZEPAM ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHARMACOKINETICS; BIOAVAILABILITY; DANAZOL; HUMANS; SERUM AB The influence of random error and elimination rate on estimates of the area under the curve from zero to time infinity (AUC0-INF) was determined in a simulation study using noninfinity measured AUC values (i.e., AUCTM, area to a measured common sampling time, and AUC0-LAST, area to the last measured sampling time). Further, the extent of absorption of generic danazol, baclofen, and oxazepam was determined using measured methods of estimating area under the curve in bioequivalence studies. The noninfinity AUC estimates and their 90% confidence intervals for the difference in product means were compared for each individual drug. Products chosen fulfilled one of the following three criteria: (1) a high "apparent intrasubject variability" and a half-life greater than 8 hr (danazol); (2) a low apparent intrasubject variability and a half-life less than 4 hr (baclofen); and (3) products exhibiting a low apparent intrasubject variability and a half-life greater than 8 hr (oxazepam). For the simulated data, AUCTM performed best when subjects had similar half-lives (i.e., low variability), which results in AUCTM = AUC0-LAST. On the other hand, AUC0-LAST worked best with a high fractional standard deviation (fsd) and a short elimination half-life (i.e., less than 4 hr). The noninfinity 90% confidence intervals for danazol and oxazepam were inconsistent with those observed at AUC0-INF. However, baclofen, which has a short elimination half-life, exhibited good agreement between the noninfinity and the AUC0-INF 90% confidence intervals. However, across all three drug groups, the comparison based upon the area calculated from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration, AUC0-LAST, consistently provided the best approximation of AUC0-INF. C1 US FDA,DIV BIOEQUIVALENCE,5600 FISCHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD APR PY 1991 VL 8 IS 4 BP 512 EP 517 DI 10.1023/A:1015863530888 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FF987 UT WOS:A1991FF98700016 PM 1871049 ER PT J AU TANDON, P MUNDY, WR ALI, SF NANRY, K ROGERS, BC TILSON, HA AF TANDON, P MUNDY, WR ALI, SF NANRY, K ROGERS, BC TILSON, HA TI AGE-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN RECEPTOR-STIMULATED PHOSPHOINOSITIDE TURNOVER IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPUS SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE AGING; PHOSPHOINOSITIDE TURNOVER; HIPPOCAMPUS; CHOLINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; CHOLINERGIC MUSCARINIC BINDING ID BRAIN MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; CHOLINE-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; SPATIAL MEMORY; ANIMAL-MODELS; HYDROLYSIS; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; AGONIST; BINDING; NEUROTRANSMISSION; PHOSPHOLIPIDS AB To study the changes in the hippocampal cholinergic system of chronologically old and behaviorally impaired animals, old (21 months of age) and young (3 months of age) male, Fischer-344 rats were used. The aged animals were tested on a reference memory task (Morris water maze) and found to be functionally impaired as compared to the young controls. Carbachol-stimulated phosphoinositide metabolism was measured in hippocampal slices from young and old rats. Slices were prelabeled with H-3-inositol for 120 min and subjected to muscarinic stimulation in the presence of lithium. Following extraction of the slices with acidified solvent mixture, the inositolphosphates present in the aqueous fraction were isolated by ion exchange chromatography. Receptor-stimulated release of inositolphosphates (IPs) was found to be increased in the hippocampus of older animals. This age-related enhancement of IP release was in contrast to the decrease in choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) activity in the hippocampus. We postulate that alterations in the G-protein coupling with the muscarinic receptor leads to an increase in the phosphoinositide turnover in part as a compensatory mechanism for neuronal cell death and reduced transmitter levels. C1 NIEHS,MOLEC & INTEGRAT NEUROSCI LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 62 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD APR PY 1991 VL 38 IS 4 BP 861 EP 867 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90254-Y PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FJ069 UT WOS:A1991FJ06900026 PM 1651520 ER PT J AU TOLLEFSON, L AF TOLLEFSON, L TI USE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY DATA TO ASSESS THE CANCER RISK OF 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-PARA-DIOXIN SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMAS; HUMAN ADIPOSE TISSUES; VIETNAM CONFLICT ERA; AUSTRALIAN CONSCRIPTS; PHENOXYACETIC ACIDS; MILITARY SERVICE; CASE-REFERENT; NEW-ZEALAND; EXPOSURE; SEVESO RP TOLLEFSON, L (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF NUTR & FOOD SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 1991 VL 13 IS 2 BP 150 EP 169 DI 10.1016/0273-2300(91)90019-R PG 20 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA FE991 UT WOS:A1991FE99100004 PM 1852927 ER PT J AU RETTA, SM HERMAN, WA RINALDI, JE CAREY, RF HERMAN, BA ATHEY, TW AF RETTA, SM HERMAN, WA RINALDI, JE CAREY, RF HERMAN, BA ATHEY, TW TI TEST METHOD FOR EVALUATING THE PERMEABILITY OF INTACT PROPHYLACTICS TO VIRAL-SIZE MICROSPHERES UNDER SIMULATED PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; CHEMICAL BARRIERS; RADIO-TELEMETRY; HUMAN COITUS; TRANSMISSION; CONDOM; AIDS AB The alarming number of AIDS cases has increased the attention given to barrier devices such as condoms. The authors describe a new test method that evaluates the permeability of the intact condom when subjected to stimulated physiologic conditions. Fluorescent-labelled polystyrene microspheres (110 nm diameter) are used to model cell-free virus. Physical and chemical conditions that are present during coitus, such as pressure, pH, and temperature, are considered in the design of the method. The testing chamber is designed to be continuously monitored for changes in fluorescence due to leakage across the condom surface. The sensitivity of the system is 1 x 10(-5) of the original concentration of microsphere solution (3.4 x 10(11) particles/mL), which corresponds to leak rates as small as .001-mu-L/sec. The test provides an in vitro test of barrier material permeability relevant to actual use. RP RETTA, SM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV PHYS SCI,HFZ-132,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1991 VL 18 IS 2 BP 111 EP 118 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA FM722 UT WOS:A1991FM72200011 PM 1862459 ER PT J AU ANSHER, S THOMPSON, W HABIG, W AF ANSHER, S THOMPSON, W HABIG, W TI VACCINE-INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN HEPATIC DRUG-METABOLISM SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DRUG METABOLISM; DIPHTHERIA; PERTUSSIS; TETANUS; SLEEP TIME ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; INTERFERON; ACID; DEPRESSION; SYSTEMS; AGENTS; DTP AB Administration of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed (DTP) vaccine to mice causes dose- and time-dependent alterations in hepatic drug metabolism as determined by hexobarbital-induced sleep time and several direct measurements of soluble and microsomal enzyme activities. Vaccines containing only tetanus and/or diphtheria toxoids did not alter hepatic drug metabolism, implicating the pertussis component as the cause of the observed changes. Other pyrogenic whole cell vaccines such as typhoid and cholera also had no effect on drug metabolizing capacity. However, polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C), a compound thought to exert its effects through the induction of interferon, induced changes comparable to those seen with DTP vaccine. The similarities in the effects following administration of DTP vaccine and poly I:C suggest that vaccine-induced alterations of drug metabolism may be mediated by immunomodulatory agents such as interferons and interleukins. Studies with purified cytokines are planned to address this question. RP ANSHER, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BLDG 29,ROOM 103,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR PY 1991 VL 9 IS 4 BP 277 EP 283 DI 10.1016/0264-410X(91)90112-J PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA FF564 UT WOS:A1991FF56400011 PM 2058271 ER PT J AU TABOR, E EPSTEIN, JS HEWLETT, IK LEE, SF AF TABOR, E EPSTEIN, JS HEWLETT, IK LEE, SF TI INHIBITION BY DESFERRIOXAMINE OF INVITRO REPLICATION OF HIV-1 SO LANCET LA English DT Letter ID CELL-LINES; DEFEROXAMINE C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP TABOR, E (reprint author), NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 7 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 30 PY 1991 VL 337 IS 8744 BP 795 EP 795 DI 10.1016/0140-6736(91)91416-R PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FD884 UT WOS:A1991FD88400040 PM 1672418 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI THE FDA AND DRUG MARKETING EXPENDITURES - REPLY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 27 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 12 BP 1528 EP 1528 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FC604 UT WOS:A1991FC60400022 ER PT J AU GLASSER, SP CLARK, PI LIPICKY, RJ HUBBARD, JM YUSUF, S AF GLASSER, SP CLARK, PI LIPICKY, RJ HUBBARD, JM YUSUF, S TI EXPOSING PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC, STABLE, EXERTIONAL ANGINA TO PLACEBO PERIODS IN DRUG TRIALS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-TRIALS AB Because the safety of withholding standard therapy and enrolling patients with stable angina in placebo-controlled trials is not known, we identified all events leading to dropout from trials of 12 antianginal drugs submitted in support of new drug applications to the US Food and Drug Administration. Persons who dropped out of the trials were classified as cause due to adverse cardiovascular events or other causes without knowledge of drug assignment. There were 3161 subjects who entered any randomized, double-blind phase of placebo-controlled protocols; 197 (6.2%) withdrew because of cardiovascular events. There was no difference in risk of adverse events between drug and placebo groups. A prospectively defined subgroup analysis showed that groups who received calcium antagonists were at an increased risk of dropout compared with placebo groups (P = .04), primarily because of a disproportionate number of adverse events in studies of one drug. In conclusion, there were few adverse experiences associated with short-term placebo use. Withholding active treatment does not increase the risk of serious cardiac events. C1 UNIV S FLORIDA,COLL MED,MDC BOX 19,TAMPA,FL 33612. JAMES A HALEY VET ADM MED CTR,TAMPA,FL 33612. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 16 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 27 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 12 BP 1550 EP 1554 DI 10.1001/jama.265.12.1550 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FC604 UT WOS:A1991FC60400030 PM 1671885 ER PT J AU WESTLAKE, TM HOWLETT, AC ALI, SF PAULE, MG SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W AF WESTLAKE, TM HOWLETT, AC ALI, SF PAULE, MG SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W TI CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL FAILS TO IRREVERSIBLY ALTER BRAIN CANNABINOID RECEPTORS SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE CANNABINOID RECEPTOR; DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; CP-55,940; DESACETYLLEVONANTRADOL; RAT; MONKEY ID ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; CANNABIMIMETIC DRUGS; INHIBITION; TOLERANCE; DESENSITIZATION; PHARMACOLOGY; BINDING; CELLS AB The effects of chronic DELTA-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (DELTA-9-THC) and marijuana administration on the properties of brain cannabinoid receptor populations of the rat and monkey, respectively, were examined in this study. It was determined that the properties of the cannabinoid receptors in the striatum, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, and brainstem/spinal cord of the rat do not appear to be irreversibly altered by chronic exposure to DELTA-9-THC. Similarly, the cannabinoid receptors in the caudate, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum of the monkey do not appear to be irreversibly altered by chronic exposure to marijuana smoke. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP WESTLAKE, TM (reprint author), ST LOUIS UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL & PHYSIOL SCI,1402 S GRAND BLVD,ST LOUIS,MO 63104, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32-HL07050]; NIDA NIH HHS [R01-DA03690]; NINDS NIH HHS [T32-NS07254] NR 33 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAR 22 PY 1991 VL 544 IS 1 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(91)90897-5 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA FF019 UT WOS:A1991FF01900019 PM 1649662 ER PT J AU FENG, SH RUBINSTEIN, LJ STEIN, KE AF FENG, SH RUBINSTEIN, LJ STEIN, KE TI A SIMPLE METHOD FOR COATING NATIVE POLYSACCHARIDES ONTO NITROCELLULOSE SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE POLYSACCHARIDE COATING; VACUUM FILTRATION; DOT BLOT; IMMUNOBLOT; ANTIBODY-PRODUCING CELL COLONY; ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ANTIBODY; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; ANTIGENS; ELISA AB A method for coating native, non-derivatized, polysaccharide (PS) onto nitrocellulose (NC) for identifying PS-specific antibodies has been developed. The new feature of this method is that PS molecules are vacuum filtered onto NC in their native state by devices that can accomodate NC of different sizes and shapes. PS-coated NC disks were used to localize antibody secreting hybridoma cells cultured on filter paper disks. These were analyzed by blotting with size-matched PS-coated NC disks and specific antibodies secreted by individual colonies were detected by enzyme-linked immunoblot. In another application of this method, immune sera were separated by isoelectric focusing and the gels were blotted with PS-coated NC sheets. The spectrotype and isotype of antibodies that bound to the NC were examined using isotype specific enzyme-linked antibody. These immunoblots showed high resolution and specificity. The advantages of this method are that the PS used for coating does not need to be derivatized in order to bind the NC, and that smaller quantities of PS may be utilized by this coating method when compared to other techniques. This provides a useful tool to ask many questions regarding the immune response to PS. RP FENG, SH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDE LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD MAR 21 PY 1991 VL 137 IS 2 BP 261 EP 266 DI 10.1016/0022-1759(91)90032-B PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA FD419 UT WOS:A1991FD41900014 PM 1707430 ER PT J AU ALAVA, MA DEBELL, KE TAPLITS, MS HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E AF ALAVA, MA DEBELL, KE TAPLITS, MS HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E TI CAMP INHIBITS T-CELL RECEPTOR (TCR)-INDUCED HYDROLYSIS OF INOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPIDS (INSPL) AT A LEVEL PROXIMAL TO PHOSPHOLIPASE-C (PLC) ACTIVATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DH,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1555 EP A1555 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700570 ER PT J AU BJERCKE, RJ HAMMOND, DK STROBEL, MW LANGONE, JJ AF BJERCKE, RJ HAMMOND, DK STROBEL, MW LANGONE, JJ TI ROLE OF RAT-LIVER CYTOCHROME-P-450 ISOZYMES IN NICOTINE METABOLISM SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDRH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,GALVESTON,TX 77550. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77225. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1519 EP A1519 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700356 ER PT J AU BLOOM, ET ROSENBERG, AS MANIERO, T AF BLOOM, ET ROSENBERG, AS MANIERO, T TI ALLOIMMUNITY INVIVO AND INVITRO - AGE-RELATED ALTERATIONS IN ACTIVITIES OF T-CELL SUBSETS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1688 EP A1688 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55701344 ER PT J AU BOSWELL, C GOODNIGHT, J IRWIN, D STEIN, K AF BOSWELL, C GOODNIGHT, J IRWIN, D STEIN, K TI STRAIN-DEPENDENT RESTRICTED VH USAGE BY ANTIBACTERIAL LEVAN (BL) MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES (MAB) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,OFF BIOL RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1775 EP A1775 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55701848 ER PT J AU DETH, RC JAGADEESH, G AF DETH, RC JAGADEESH, G TI PROTEIN-KINASE-C MODULATION OF AGONIST BINDING TO ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Jagadeesh, Gowraganahalli/G-6408-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1595 EP A1595 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700804 ER PT J AU HERMAN, E ZHANG, J FERRANS, V AF HERMAN, E ZHANG, J FERRANS, V TI ICRF-187, VITAMIN-A AND VITAMIN-E ATTENUATE HIGH-DOSE DOXORUBICIN TOXICITY IN BEAGLE DOGS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1563 EP A1563 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700616 ER PT J AU JAGADEESH, G DETH, RC AF JAGADEESH, G DETH, RC TI PROTEIN-KINASE-C (PKC) INHIBITION BUT NOT ACTIVATION ALTERS H-3 RAUWOLSCINE BINDING TO VASCULAR ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Jagadeesh, Gowraganahalli/G-6408-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1595 EP A1595 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700801 ER PT J AU KOMORIYA, A GREEN, LJ MERVIO, MM YAMADA, SS YAMADA, KM HUMPHRIES, MJ AF KOMORIYA, A GREEN, LJ MERVIO, MM YAMADA, SS YAMADA, KM HUMPHRIES, MJ TI THE MINIMAL ESSENTIAL SEQUENCE FOR A MAJOR CELL TYPE-SPECIFIC ADHESION SITE (CS1) WITHIN THE ALTERNATIVELY SPLICED IIICS DOMAIN OF FIBRONECTIN IS LEU-ASP-VAL SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. NIDR,LOBA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1617 EP A1617 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700934 ER PT J AU LI, J TAI, S NGUYEN, N LEE, C AF LI, J TAI, S NGUYEN, N LEE, C TI DISTRIBUTION AND EXPRESSION OF PNEUMOLYSIN IN STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVAL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1626 EP A1626 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700985 ER PT J AU LIU, SY WILLIAMS, T KOMORIYA, A AF LIU, SY WILLIAMS, T KOMORIYA, A TI PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLUBLE EGF RECEPTORS SECRETED FROM A431 CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1622 EP A1622 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700963 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, DW POULSEN, HE BENSON, RW WARBRITTON, AR LOFT, S DALHOFF, K HINSON, JA BUCCI, TJ AF ROBERTS, DW POULSEN, HE BENSON, RW WARBRITTON, AR LOFT, S DALHOFF, K HINSON, JA BUCCI, TJ TI QUANTIFICATION OF AN ANTIGENIC BIOMARKER OF ACETAMINOPHEN TOXICITY [3-(CYSTEIN-S-YL)ACETAMINOPHEN PROTEIN ADDUCT (3-CYS-A)] IN OVERDOSE PATIENTS - CORRELATION WITH TOXICITY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV COPENHAGEN,DK-1168 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1615 EP A1615 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700923 ER PT J AU SISTARE, FD CONTRERA, JG AF SISTARE, FD CONTRERA, JG TI P2Y-PURINERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATED RELEASE OF ARACHIDONIC-ACID AND ELEVATION OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM IN MDCK CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1587 EP A1587 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700755 ER PT J AU VELOSO, D DENNY, S MCKEE, K HOCHSTEIN, DH AF VELOSO, D DENNY, S MCKEE, K HOCHSTEIN, DH TI IRREVERSIBLE SHOCK IN ENDOTOXIN-TREATED RHESUS MACAQUES CORRELATES WITH PROLONGED HIGH PLASMA-LEVELS OF TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR (TNF) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NIH,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 19 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 6 BP A1619 EP A1619 PN 3 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FE557 UT WOS:A1991FE55700944 ER PT J AU FINBLOOM, DS AF FINBLOOM, DS TI REGULATION OF CELL-SURFACE RECEPTORS FOR HUMAN INTERFERON-GAMMA ON THE HUMAN HISTIOCYTIC LYMPHOMA CELL-LINE U937 SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; TUMOR CYTO-TOXICITY; MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS; DOWN-REGULATION; INTERNALIZATION; MACROPHAGE; DEGRADATION; BINDING AB Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) binds to high-affinity receptors on monocytes and is rapidly internalized. This study investigates the ability of the human monocyte-like cell line, U937, to regulate the cell-surface expression of the IFN-gamma receptor (IFN-gamma-R) during endocytosis of ligand. Recombinant IFN-gamma was radiolabelled to high specific radioactivity with Bolton-Hunter reagent and used to enumerate IFN-gamma-R on treated U937 cells. Cells which had internalized IFN-gamma for up to 3 h displayed maximal levels of IFN-gamma-R at all time points tested after all unlabelled IFN-gamma had been acid-stripped from the cell at pH 2.78. Therefore there was no evidence of down-modulation of the receptor. After trypsin treatment of the IFN-gamma-R, the cells were able to synthesize and insert into the cell membrane up to 1000 IFN-gamma-R molecules/h after a 60 min lag. Since biosynthesis played a minor role during the first 30 min of endocytosis, I examined other possibilities to explain the lack of down-modulation of the receptor. A solubilized-receptor assay revealed the presence of an intracellular pool of receptors equal to about 25% of the number of cell surface receptors. Using trypsin to differentiate between intracellular and surface receptors, I observed that 43% of those receptors that were internalized after a 30 min exposure to IFN-gamma (580 molecules) could be recycled back to the plasma membrane. In addition, equal rates of receptor decay (t 1/2 = 5 h) were observed in the presence of cycloheximide with or without IFN-gamma. All the data taken together suggest that during the first 30 min of endocytosis both the expression of an intracellular source of receptor and recycling of internalized receptors contribute to maintain optimal receptor expression. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP FINBLOOM, DS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 274 BP 775 EP 780 PN 3 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FD379 UT WOS:A1991FD37900020 PM 1826423 ER PT J AU BLAKELY, SR DOSS, WL GRUNDEL, E MITCHELL, GV JENKINS, MY AF BLAKELY, SR DOSS, WL GRUNDEL, E MITCHELL, GV JENKINS, MY TI INFLUENCE OF CORN-OIL, MIXED FAT AND VITAMIN-A ON BETA-CAROTENE AND VITAMIN-A AND VITAMIN-E STATUS IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A952 EP A952 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55000213 ER PT J AU DEBELL, KE TAPLITS, MS CONTI, A BONVINI, E AF DEBELL, KE TAPLITS, MS CONTI, A BONVINI, E TI MICROFILAMENT ASSEMBLY MODULATES SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION VIA THE TCR CD3 IN MURINE TYPE-II T-HELPER CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DH,BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1454 EP A1454 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55003114 ER PT J AU FRIEDMAN, L PANEPINTO, L GAINES, D TERRIS, J CHI, R SAGER, A BRAUNBERG, R AF FRIEDMAN, L PANEPINTO, L GAINES, D TERRIS, J CHI, R SAGER, A BRAUNBERG, R TI BIOCHEMICAL STRESS ASSOCIATED WITH SHORT-TERM RESTRAINT IN HORMEL-(H) AND YUCATAN-(Y) MINIATURE SWINE (MS) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1116 EP A1116 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55001152 ER PT J AU GOLDSTEIN, JS FRASCH, C HERNANDEZ, D BEINING, PR BETTS, M HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B AF GOLDSTEIN, JS FRASCH, C HERNANDEZ, D BEINING, PR BETTS, M HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B TI EVIDENCE THAT LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM BRUCELLA-ABORTUS STIMULATES MURINE B-CELLS DIRECTLY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1002 EP A1002 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55000497 ER PT J AU HARGROVE, ME LIANG, SM LIANG, CM TING, CC AF HARGROVE, ME LIANG, SM LIANG, CM TING, CC TI DICHOTOMY IN GLUTATHIONE (GSH) REGULATION OF LYMPHOCYTE-ACTIVATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1342 EP A1342 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002464 ER PT J AU HATHCOCK, JN REICKS, M POIRIER, L FULLERTON, F WHITTAKER, P AF HATHCOCK, JN REICKS, M POIRIER, L FULLERTON, F WHITTAKER, P TI EFFECT CHRONIC ACETAMINOPHEN INGESTION ON LIVER S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE AND ON INVIVO FE-INDUCED LIPID-PEROXIDATION IN MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1217 EP A1217 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55001740 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, EW KOZAK, RW AF JOHNSON, EW KOZAK, RW TI EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTORS ON ACTIVATED LYMPHOCYTES-T SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1457 EP A1457 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55003131 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM AF KLINMAN, DM TI CROSS-REACTIVITY OF AUTOIMMUNE B-CELLS FROM LUPUS-PRONE MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1087 EP A1087 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55000987 ER PT J AU LIPICKY, RJ VARGAS, F KNUDSEN, K CAVIEDES, P GRASSI, D GILLKUMAR, P AF LIPICKY, RJ VARGAS, F KNUDSEN, K CAVIEDES, P GRASSI, D GILLKUMAR, P TI FLECAINIDE EFFECTS ON VOLTAGE DEPENDENT SODIUM AND POTASSIUM CURRENTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF DRUG EVALUAT 1,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1214 EP A1214 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55001723 ER PT J AU LU, C KIND, P LEE, C AF LU, C KIND, P LEE, C TI IMMUNE-RESPONSE OF NEONATES TO STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE TYPE-9V POLYSACCHARIDE-TETANUS TOXOID CONJUGATE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1363 EP A1363 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002585 ER PT J AU MARTIN, SJ ONEILL, TP BILELLO, JA EISEMAN, JL AF MARTIN, SJ ONEILL, TP BILELLO, JA EISEMAN, JL TI BOVINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY-LIKE VIRUS INDUCES ALTERATIONS IN CELLULAR IMMUNE FUNCTION AND PATHOLOGICAL-CHANGES IN HOLSTEIN CALVES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,CTR CANC,DEPT PATHOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MARYLAND,CTR CANC,DEPT MED,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MARYLAND,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. US FDA,DIV VET MED RES,BELTSVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1263 EP A1263 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002004 ER PT J AU MILLS, F THYPHRONITIS, G FINKELMAN, FD MAX, EE AF MILLS, F THYPHRONITIS, G FINKELMAN, FD MAX, EE TI THE STRUCTURE OF SWITCHED HUMAN IGE GENES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20205. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1379 EP A1379 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002680 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, GV BLAKELY, SR DOSS, WL GRUNDEL, E JENKINS, MY AF MITCHELL, GV BLAKELY, SR DOSS, WL GRUNDEL, E JENKINS, MY TI INFLUENCE OF CORN-OIL, MIXED FAT AND VITAMIN-A ON HEPATIC DETOXIFICATION ENZYMES IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A952 EP A952 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55000211 ER PT J AU NORCROSS, MA CALLAHAN, L AF NORCROSS, MA CALLAHAN, L TI CHARACTERIZATION OF HIV INDUCED AUTOANTIBODIES TO CRYPTIC EPITOPES ON CD4 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1089 EP A1089 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55000994 ER PT J AU OKAJIMA, M BOHJANEN, P BONVINI, E CHUSED, T DEBELL, K ISHIDA, Y HODES, R AF OKAJIMA, M BOHJANEN, P BONVINI, E CHUSED, T DEBELL, K ISHIDA, Y HODES, R TI THE EFFECT OF PRIOR STIMULATION OF A MURINE T-CELL CLONE ON THE SUBSEQUENT INTRACELLULAR MEDIATOR RESPONSE TO TCR-SIGNALING SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIAID,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20205. RI Bohjanen, Paul/B-2329-2015 OI Bohjanen, Paul/0000-0002-2772-3597 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1456 EP A1456 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55003122 ER PT J AU PRINCIPATO, MA MUSZYNSKI, K TROPPMAIR, J RAYBOURNE, RB RAPP, UR AF PRINCIPATO, MA MUSZYNSKI, K TROPPMAIR, J RAYBOURNE, RB RAPP, UR TI DERIVATION OF A MAC-1+ MACROPHAGE CELL-LINE FROM A THY-1+ LY-5(B220) B-LINEAGE CELL-LINE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NCI,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21701. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1379 EP A1379 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002675 ER PT J AU RADER, JI HIGHT, SC AF RADER, JI HIGHT, SC TI COPPER STATUS IN WEANLING RATS FED LOW-LEVELS OF INORGANIC TIN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1077 EP A1077 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55000929 ER PT J AU RAYBOURNE, RB BUNNING, VK AF RAYBOURNE, RB BUNNING, VK TI FLOW MICROFLUORIMETRIC (FMF) ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL PHAGOCYTOSIS BY J774A.1 MACROPHAGES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1351 EP A1351 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002514 ER PT J AU SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ REICKS, MR CHANDERBHAN, R AF SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ REICKS, MR CHANDERBHAN, R TI EFFECT OF COCONUT OIL AND SESAME OIL ON LYMPHATIC ABSORPTION OF CHOLESTEROL AND FATTY-ACIDS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A947 EP A947 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55000182 ER PT J AU TAO, SH FOX, MRS FRY, BE HOADLEY, JE LEE, YH AF TAO, SH FOX, MRS FRY, BE HOADLEY, JE LEE, YH TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY CA ON PHYTATE-MINERAL INTERACTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1313 EP A1313 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002298 ER PT J AU UMEHARA, H TAKASHIMA, A BLOOM, ET AF UMEHARA, H TAKASHIMA, A BLOOM, ET TI CD18 (LFA-1 BETA-CHAIN) IN HUMAN LAK CELLS - PHOSPHORYLATION AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20205. US FDA,CTR BIOL,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1100 EP A1100 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55001062 ER PT J AU WEINDRUCH, R FEUERS, R LEAKEY, J AF WEINDRUCH, R FEUERS, R LEAKEY, J TI CALORIC RESTRICTION (CR) ENHANCES THE EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF RAT-LIVER CATALASE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1448 EP A1448 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55003075 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, K ROTH, G RAYBOURNE, R AF WILLIAMS, K ROTH, G RAYBOURNE, R TI DETERMINATION OF HLA-B-STAR-2705 EPITOPES RECOGNIZED BY MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES WHICH CROSS-REACT WITH BACTERIAL-ANTIGENS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 5 BP A1366 EP A1366 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC550 UT WOS:A1991FC55002601 ER PT J AU LIANG, SM LIANG, CM HARGROVE, ME TING, CC AF LIANG, SM LIANG, CM HARGROVE, ME TING, CC TI REGULATION BY GLUTATHIONE OF THE EFFECT OF LYMPHOKINES ON DIFFERENTIATION OF PRIMARY ACTIVATED LYMPHOCYTES - INFLUENCE OF GLUTATHIONE ON CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF CD3-AK- SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELLS; 2-MERCAPTOETHANOL ACTS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ANTI-T3 ANTIBODY; KILLER ACTIVITY; FRIEND VIRUS; PROLIFERATION; LEUKEMIA; INVITRO; GROWTH AB By activating murine lymphocytes with anti-CD3 antibodies for 1 to 2 days, we generated a subset of activated killer cells, namely CD3-AK-. CD3-AK- mediated the slow lysis (20-h I-125-UdR release assay) of allogeneic P815 but had little effect on syngeneic HFL/b cells. Addition of IL-2 (murine or human) or an IL-2 inducer such as PMA in the assay medium induced the cytolytic activity of CD3-AK- on HFL/b. The activating effect of murine IL-2 and PMA on CD3-AK- was decreased by anti-murine IL-2 mAb. Although anti-murine IL-4 mAb alone did not show any effect, it enhanced the inhibitory effect of anti-IL-2 mAb, suggesting that IL-2 and IL-4 may have a synergistic effect on the cytolytic activity of CD3-AK-. Incubation of CD3-AK- with L-buthionine-(SR)-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of de novo glutathione (GSH) synthesis, decreased cellular GSH levels and inhibited the cytolytic activity of CD3-AK-, in a concentration-dependent manner. This inhibitory effect of BSO was not primarily due to a general cytotoxic effect and was positively correlated with the requirement for IL-2 for the CD3-AK--mediated killing of the target cells. Incubation of CD3-AK- with GSH or 2-ME, which increased the level of cellular GSH, reversed the inhibitory effect of BSO. These results suggest that cellular GSH may regulate the effect of lymphokine(s) such as IL-2 and thus affect the differentiation of activated primary cytotoxic lymphocytes. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,DIV CELL BIOL & DIAG,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 33 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 15 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 6 BP 1909 EP 1913 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FC439 UT WOS:A1991FC43900028 PM 1826013 ER PT J AU BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D SMITH, C SMITH, GE AF BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D SMITH, C SMITH, GE TI A MAJOR NEUTRALIZING EPITOPE OF HIV-1 DEPENDS ON PROTEIN CONFORMATION AND MAPS TO THE CARBOXYL 3RD OF GP120 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MICROGENESYS INC,W HAVEN,CT. US FDA,CTR BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A649 EP A649 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20701620 ER PT J AU BLAY, R HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B AF BLAY, R HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B TI BRUCELLA-ABORTUS STIMULATES BOTH CD4 AND CD8 HUMAN T-CELLS TO SECRETE IFN-G SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A627 EP A627 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20701490 ER PT J AU BRIGGS, F HEADINGS, V PRADHAN, S AF BRIGGS, F HEADINGS, V PRADHAN, S TI NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF PRENATAL ETHANOL ADMINISTRATION IN RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EXPLORAT & RES,DIV BIOEQUIVALENCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A865 EP A865 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20702876 ER PT J AU CAVIEDES, P GRANT, D VARGAS, FF AF CAVIEDES, P GRANT, D VARGAS, FF TI ALBUMIN-INDUCED CHANGES IN ELECTRICAL MEMBRANE-PROPERTIES OF CULTURED ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDDK,CELL BIOL & GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIDR,DEV BIOL & ANOMALIES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CDER,ODEI,DIV CARIORENAL DRUG,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A698 EP A698 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20701904 ER PT J AU GAINES, DW FRIEDMAN, L WHITTAKER, P AF GAINES, DW FRIEDMAN, L WHITTAKER, P TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY AND INJECTED IRON (FE) ON ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE (ODC) ACTIVITY AND POLYAMINE LEVELS IN RAT-TISSUE PREPARATIONS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CFSAN,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A505 EP A505 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20700778 ER PT J AU JAW, S ROBERTS, DW JEFFERY, EH AF JAW, S ROBERTS, DW JEFFERY, EH TI ANTI-CYTOCHROME-P450 IIE1 (ANTI IIE1) AND DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE INHIBIT ACETAMINOPHEN AND DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE OXIDATION SIMILARLY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ILLINOIS,DIV NUTR SCI,URBANA,IL 61801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A477 EP A477 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20700617 ER PT J AU JENKINS, MY SHEIKH, NM MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR AF JENKINS, MY SHEIKH, NM MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR TI MORPHOLOGICAL-CHANGES IN RATS FED BETA-CAROTENE AND VARIED PROTEIN-SOURCES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A596 EP A596 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20701307 ER PT J AU LAJVARDI, A SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ AF LAJVARDI, A SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ TI CHANGES IN COLONIC FUNCTION INDUCED BY CONSUMPTION OF VARIOUS DIETARY STARCHES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A569 EP A569 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20701155 ER PT J AU MCCLURE, HM HERMAN, EH AF MCCLURE, HM HERMAN, EH TI THE EFFECT OF PENTAMIDINE ON ALLOXAN AND STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETES IN MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A910 EP A910 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20703139 ER PT J AU PACKARD, BS KOMORIYA, A AF PACKARD, BS KOMORIYA, A TI IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW GROWTH-FACTOR FOR LYMPHOCYTES - MITOGENIC STIMULATION OF LYMPHOCYTES BY TUMOR-CELL LINES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A541 EP A541 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20700988 ER PT J AU REEVES, JP LO, CY EPSTEIN, SL AF REEVES, JP LO, CY EPSTEIN, SL TI ANTIBODY-RESPONSES OF MHC CONGENIC MICE TO THE HUMAN-CD4 SITE BINDING GP120 OF HIV-1 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CBER,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A650 EP A650 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20701625 ER PT J AU RODERIQUEZ, G NORCROSS, MA AF RODERIQUEZ, G NORCROSS, MA TI CHARACTERIZATION OF A NOVEL PROTEIN-KINASE GENE HOMOLOGOUS TO THE RAF ONCOGENE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A427 EP A427 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20700327 ER PT J AU SUNDARESAN, PR AF SUNDARESAN, PR TI EFFECTS OF DIETARY VITAMIN-D-3 AND CALCIUM ON VITAMIN-A LEVELS IN LONG-EVANS RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A718 EP A718 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20702017 ER PT J AU TIAN, WN JAGADEESH, G DETH, RC AF TIAN, WN JAGADEESH, G DETH, RC TI AGONIST-INDUCED DESENSITIZATION OF ALPHA-1-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS (AR) IN BOVINE AORTA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Jagadeesh, Gowraganahalli/G-6408-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A513 EP A513 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20700823 ER PT J AU VICK, JA HERMAN, E AF VICK, JA HERMAN, E TI MEDICAL STUDIES OF THE POISONOUS LAND AND SEA-SNAKES IN AND AROUND SAUDI-ARABIA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A486 EP A486 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20700668 ER PT J AU WHITTAKER, P WAMER, W GAINES, DW CALVERT, RJ AF WHITTAKER, P WAMER, W GAINES, DW CALVERT, RJ TI COMPARING THE EFFECTS OF CHRONIC DIETARY FE OVERLOAD AND INJECTED FE DEXTRAN ON LIPID-PEROXIDATION AND CELL-PROLIFERATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A559 EP A559 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20701095 ER PT J AU ZHANG, J HERMAN, EH MCCLURE, HM CHADWICK, DP FERRANS, VJ AF ZHANG, J HERMAN, EH MCCLURE, HM CHADWICK, DP FERRANS, VJ TI CARDIOTOXICITY OF HUMAN RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2) IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 5 IS 4 BP A507 EP A507 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA FC207 UT WOS:A1991FC20700791 ER PT J AU CHO, BP EVANS, FE AF CHO, BP EVANS, FE TI STRUCTURE OF OXIDATIVELY DAMAGED NUCLEIC-ACID ADDUCTS .3. TAUTOMERISM, IONIZATION AND PROTONATION OF 8-HYDROXYADENOSINE STUDIED BY N-15 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CARCINOGEN 2-(ACETYLAMINO)FLUORENE; PURINE NUCLEOSIDES; GLYCOSYL BOND; DNA DAMAGE; NUCLEOTIDES; C-13; CONFORMATION; DERIVATIVES; RADIATION AB Natural abundance N-15 NMR spectroscopy and ancillary spectroscopic techniques have been employed to study the solution structure of 8-hydroxyadenosine. 8-Hydroxyadenosine is a naturally occurring oxidized nucleic acid adduct that is generally implied to have an 8-hydroxy tautomeric structure. N-15 NMR chemical shifts and coupling constants, however, indicate that the modified base exists as an 8-keto tautomer. The pH dependence of N-15 NMR and UV spectra showed the presence of two pK(a)'s, at 2.9 and 8.7, corresponding to protonation at N1 and ionization at N7, respectively. The latter results in the formation of an 8-enolate structure. Unusual upfield shifts of the H-1 and N-15 resonances of the NH2 group, and a reduction in the one-bond coupling constant 1J(N6-H6), is indicative of an unfavorable steric or electronic interaction between the NH2 group and the adjacent N7-H proton. This interaction results in a subtle change in the structure of the NH2 group. In addition to being a possible mechanism for alteration of hydrogen bonding in oxidized DNA, this type of interaction gives a better understanding into N7-N9 tautomerism of adenine. Furthermore, the structure of 8-hydroxyadenosine has been related to possible mechanisms for mutations. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 44 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD MAR 11 PY 1991 VL 19 IS 5 BP 1041 EP 1047 DI 10.1093/nar/19.5.1041 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FC143 UT WOS:A1991FC14300009 PM 1850508 ER PT J AU ROSA, FW AF ROSA, FW TI SPINA-BIFIDA IN INFANTS OF WOMEN TREATED WITH CARBAMAZEPINE DURING PREGNANCY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Note ID ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS; ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS; TERATOGENICITY; MALFORMATIONS; EPILEPSY; RISK C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 26 TC 316 Z9 318 U1 1 U2 4 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 7 PY 1991 VL 324 IS 10 BP 674 EP 677 DI 10.1056/NEJM199103073241006 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FA144 UT WOS:A1991FA14400006 PM 1994251 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NATIONWIDE VACCINE ADVERSE EVENTS REPORTING SYSTEM SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,HLTH AFFAIRS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR PY 1991 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1053 EP 1054 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FB467 UT WOS:A1991FB46700018 PM 2000717 ER PT J AU KELLEY, I FREEMAN, JP EVANS, FE CERNIGLIA, CE AF KELLEY, I FREEMAN, JP EVANS, FE CERNIGLIA, CE TI IDENTIFICATION OF A CARBOXYLIC-ACID METABOLITE FROM THE CATABOLISM OF FLUORANTHENE BY A MYCOBACTERIUM SP SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MUTAGENIC METABOLITES; DEGRADATION; BACTERIUM; CREOSOTE; SEDIMENT; INVITRO; SOOT AB A Mycobacterium sp. previously isolated from oil-contaminated estuarine sediments was capable of extensively mineralizing the high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluoranthene. A carboxylic acid metabolite accumulated and was isolated by thin-layer and high-pressure liquid chromatographic analyses of ethyl acetate extracts from acidified culture media. The metabolite reached a maximum concentration of approximately 0.65% after 24 h of incubation. On the basis of comparisons with authentic compounds in which we used UV and fluorescence spectrophotometry and R(f) values, as well as mass spectral and proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analyses, the metabolite was identified as 9-fluorenone-1-carboxylic acid. This is the first report in a microbial system of a fluoranthene metabolite in which significant degradation of one of the aromatic rings has occurred. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 31 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 57 IS 3 BP 636 EP 641 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA FA764 UT WOS:A1991FA76400003 PM 16348429 ER PT J AU HILL, WE KEASLER, SP TRUCKSESS, MW FENG, P KAYSNER, CA LAMPEL, KA AF HILL, WE KEASLER, SP TRUCKSESS, MW FENG, P KAYSNER, CA LAMPEL, KA TI POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION IDENTIFICATION OF VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS IN ARTIFICIALLY CONTAMINATED OYSTERS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THERMOSTABLE DNA-POLYMERASE; TOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CYTOTOXIN-HEMOLYSIN GENE; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT DNA; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; COAST AB DNAs extracted from Vibrio vulnificus seeded into oyster homogenates were evaluated as templates for the polymerase chain reaction. Several extraction procedures were examined, and it was determined that DNA recovered from cells lysed by guanidine isothiocyanate, extracted with chloroform, and precipitated with ethanol was most suitable for use as a polymerase chain reaction template. The region targeted was a 519-bp portion of the cytotoxin-hemolysin gene of V. vulnificus. This region was amplified only when DNA from this species was present in the homogenate. V. vulnificus seeded into oyster homogenates at an initial level of 10(2) CFU/g of oyster meat was consistently observed after 24 h of incubation in alkaline peptone water. C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR,BOTHELL,WA 98021. RP HILL, WE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 24 TC 126 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 57 IS 3 BP 707 EP 711 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA FA764 UT WOS:A1991FA76400015 PM 2039231 ER PT J AU SRIHARAN, S BAGGA, D NAWAZ, M AF SRIHARAN, S BAGGA, D NAWAZ, M TI THE EFFECTS OF NUTRIENTS AND TEMPERATURE ON BIOMASS, GROWTH, LIPID PRODUCTION, AND FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION OF CYCLOTELLA-CRYPTICA REIMANN, LEWIN, AND GUILLARD SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12TH SYMP ON BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR FUELS AND CHEMICALS CY MAY 07-11, 1990 CL GATLINBURG, TN SP US DOE, DIV BIOFUELS SYST, OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, SOLAR ENERGY RES INST, BADGER ENGINEERS, AMER CHEM SOC, DIV BIOCHEM TECHNOL DE CYCLOTELLA-CRYPTICA REIMANN, LEWIN, AND GUILLARD; NUTRIENTS; TEMPERATURE; BIOMASS; LIPIDS; FATTY ACIDS ID AXENIC MASS-CULTURE; BLUE GREEN-ALGAE; PREPARATORY EXPERIMENTS; TOTAL PROTEIN; SILICATE; PHYTOPLANKTON; CHLOROPHYLLS; MICROALGAE; DIATOMS AB Batch cultures of Cyclotella cryptica Reimann, Lewin, and Guillard were grown at two different nutrient (nitrogen/silica) levels and at two different temperatures (20 and 30-degrees-C). Biomass and cell yields decreased with decreased levels of both the nutrients (nitrogen and silica) at 20 and 30-degrees-C; whereas lipids (total, neutral, and polar) increased with decreased levels of nutrients at these two temperatures. Changes in fatty acid composition were also noted; the diatoms produced increased amounts of fatty acids C14:0 and C16:0 when grown in nutrient-deficient medium. The influence of nutrient stress and temperature is discussed. C1 MONTEVALLO UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MONTEVALLO,AL 35115. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DEPT MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SRIHARAN, S (reprint author), VIRGINIA STATE COLL,CTR ENERGY & ENVIRONM,PETERSBURG,VA 23803, USA. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SPR PY 1991 VL 28-9 BP 317 EP 326 DI 10.1007/BF02922611 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA FM093 UT WOS:A1991FM09300029 ER PT J AU GERGEN, PJ TURKELTAUB, PC AF GERGEN, PJ TURKELTAUB, PC TI THE ASSOCIATION OF ALLERGEN SKIN-TEST REACTIVITY AND RESPIRATORY-DISEASE AMONG WHITES IN THE UNITED-STATES POPULATION - DATA FROM THE 2ND NATIONAL-HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY, 1976 TO 1980 SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SERUM IGE LEVELS; HOUSE DUST MITE; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; GRASS-POLLEN; RHINITIS; SENSITIVITY; PREVALENCE; SEVERITY; EXTRACTS AB Data collected on 12- to 74-year-old whites (N = 10 854) during the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1976 to 1980, a sample of the US population, were used to determine the association between various respiratory symptoms and the degree of allergen skin test reactivity. Prick-puncture testing using eight unstandardized allergens was performed. Allergen skin test reactivity was classified by means of the mean diameter of the erythema reaction at the 20-minute reading. Nonreactors were the comparison group. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased as allergen skin test reactivity increased, with the odds ratio exceeding 8 for the group with two or more positive test results. The prevalence of asthma increased with increasing allergen skin test reactivity only in nonsmokers. The odds ratio for allergic rhinitis with allergen skin test reactivity was higher with outdoor than indoor allergens. The association of allergic rhinitis with allergen skin test reactivity was higher when a physician had previously diagnosed allergic rhinitis. Chronic rhinitis was not associated with allergen skin test reactivity. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ALLERGEN PROD LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP GERGEN, PJ (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR HLTH STAT,DIV HLTH EXAMINAT STAT,6525 BELCREST RD,ROOM 900,HYATTSVILLE,MD 20782, USA. NR 41 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 151 IS 3 BP 487 EP 492 DI 10.1001/archinte.151.3.487 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA FA768 UT WOS:A1991FA76800009 PM 2001130 ER PT J AU KODELL, RL CHEN, JJ AF KODELL, RL CHEN, JJ TI CHARACTERIZATION OF DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS INFERRED BY STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT TREND TESTS SO BIOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE DOSE RESPONSE; NO-OBSERVED-EFFECT LEVEL; SEQUENTIAL TESTING; TREND ID MULTIPLE TEST PROCEDURES AB A method is proposed for classifying various experimental outcomes associated with statistically significant trend tests according to a set of results of sequential testing within a family of closed (under intersections) one-sided tests. The intent of the procedure is to characterize the general shape of implied dose-response relationships, taking care neither to inflate the false-positive (Type I) error rate by overtesting, nor to sacrifice power by overadjusting for multiple comparisons. RP KODELL, RL (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU INTERNATIONAL BIOMETRIC SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 808 17TH ST NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3910 SN 0006-341X J9 BIOMETRICS JI Biometrics PD MAR PY 1991 VL 47 IS 1 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.2307/2532502 PG 8 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA FF084 UT WOS:A1991FF08400013 PM 2049495 ER PT J AU JENG, LL MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG PLACEK, PJ BRIGHT, RA AF JENG, LL MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG PLACEK, PJ BRIGHT, RA TI HOW FREQUENTLY ARE HOME PREGNANCY TESTS USED - RESULTS FROM THE 1988 NATIONAL MATERNAL AND INFANT HEALTH SURVEY SO BIRTH-ISSUES IN PERINATAL CARE LA English DT Article AB Many women use commercially available home pregnancy tests to determine their pregnancy status before seeking professional health care. Despite the increasing popularity of these products, no national estimates have been reported to date on their frequency of use. We analyzed available data from the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey to determine the frequency of use of home pregnancy tests during recent pregnancies of women of varying sociodemographic backgrounds. Approximately 33 percent (N = 4700) of the women surveyed used such a device. Use was most frequent among women who were white, married, over age 39 years, highly educated, or had a high family income. We conclude that home pregnancy testing appears to be a frequent procedure, especially among women of high socioeconomic background. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV BIOMETR SCI,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR HLTH STAT,FOLLOWBACK SURVEY BRANCH,HYATTSVILLE,MD. RI Bright, Roselie/D-2240-2016 NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0730-7659 J9 BIRTH-ISS PERINAT C JI Birth-Issue Perinat. Care PD MAR PY 1991 VL 18 IS 1 BP 11 EP 13 DI 10.1111/j.1523-536X.1991.tb00046.x PG 3 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA FE165 UT WOS:A1991FE16500003 PM 2006953 ER PT J AU SLOAND, EM SLOAND, JA PRODOUZ, K KLEIN, HG YU, MW HARVATH, L FRICKE, W AF SLOAND, EM SLOAND, JA PRODOUZ, K KLEIN, HG YU, MW HARVATH, L FRICKE, W TI REDUCTION OF PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN IB IN UREMIA SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RENAL-FAILURE; VONWILLEBRAND-FACTOR; FACTOR-VIII; SURFACE GLYCOPROTEINS; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; CHRONIC UREMIA; HEMODIALYSIS; PROTEINS; PLASMA; CRYOPRECIPITATE AB Patients with uraemia have abnormal platelet function that may be partially corrected by haemodialysis, cryoprecipitate or 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP). We studied the platelet von Willebrand factor receptor, glycoprotein Ib (GPIb), and plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) in uraemic patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis. Using the slope of agglutination of formalin-fixed platelets as an index of response to ristocetin (with a constant amount of normal plasma as a source of vWF), we found the response of platelets from uraemic patients, both before (2.7 +/- 1.5, n = 40) and after dialysis (1.2 +/- 1.2, n = 40) to be significantly less than that for normal controls (14.1 +/- 10.2, n = 20; P < 0.001). In addition, the agglutination response of platelets obtained after dialysis was less than that of platelets obtained before dialysis (P < 0.001). Immunoblotting demonstrated decreased or absent staining of glycocalicin, a subunit of GPIb, in platelet lysates from 25 patients. All platelet samples with reduced glycocalicin also had decreased responses to ristocetin. Tritium-labelled platelets from seven patients showed decreased labelling of a protein with an electrophoretic mobility equivalent to that of GPIb (140 000 daltons). In addition, platelets with the lowest levels of surface GPIb, as demonstrated by flow cytometry, also had decreased ristocetin agglutination and decreased staining on immunoblot. Levels of von Willebrand factor antigen and ristocetin cofactor in plasma from 10 patients were generally within the normal range, although post-dialysis levels tended to be higher than pre-dialysis levels. The pre- and post-dialysis plasma vWF multimeric patterns were normal. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MARYLAND,MD 20892. NIH,DEPT TRANFUS MED,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV ROCHESTER,SCH MED & DENT,ROCHESTER,NY 14620. NR 33 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 77 IS 3 BP 375 EP 381 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1991.tb08587.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA FA808 UT WOS:A1991FA80800020 PM 2012763 ER PT J AU FU, PP VONTUNGELN, LS UNRUH, LE NI, YC CHOU, MW AF FU, PP VONTUNGELN, LS UNRUH, LE NI, YC CHOU, MW TI COMPARATIVE REGIOSELECTIVE AND STEREOSELECTIVE METABOLISM OF 7-CHLOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE AND 7-BROMOBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE BY MOUSE AND RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID TRANS-DIHYDRODIOL METABOLITES; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATIONS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; OPTICAL PURITIES; ARENE OXIDES; MUTAGENICITY; DERIVATIVES; BENZOPYRENE AB Quantitative metabolism of 7-chlorobenz[a]anthracene (7-Cl-BA) and 7-bromobenz[a]anthracene (7-Br-BA) by liver microsomes of uninduced mice and rats was studied. Both enzymatic systems metabolize 7-Cl-BA preferentially at the C-8 and C-9 aromatic double bond region, approximately 42 and approximately 56% respectively, of the total metabolites. 7-Cl-BA and 7-Br-BA were metabolized considerably at C-3 and C-4, C-5 and C-6, C-8 and C-9, and C-10 and C-11. While 7-Cl-BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol was formed in a 7-8% yield of the total metabolites in both enzymatic systems, 7-Br-BA trans-3,4-dihdyrodiol was formed 16.0 and 9.9% respectively, from the mouse and rat liver microsomal metabolism. In mutagenicity assays with the Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA 100 in the presence of S9 activation enzymes, both of these trans-3,4-dihydrodiols exhibited higher mutagenicity than 7-Cl-BA and 7-Br-BA, while the other trans-dihydrodiol metabolites were either essentially inactive or weaker than the parent compounds. These results suggest that 7-Cl-BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol and 7-Br-BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol are the proximate metabolites of 7-Cl-BA and 7-Br-BA. Metabolism of 7-Cl-BA and 7-Br-BA by mouse liver microsomes was also in a stereoselective manner, preferentially giving trans-dihydrodiol metabolites an R, R stereochemistry. RP FU, PP (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD MAR PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.3.371 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FD350 UT WOS:A1991FD35000001 PM 2009583 ER PT J AU ROY, AK UPADHYAYA, P FU, PP ELBAYOUMY, K AF ROY, AK UPADHYAYA, P FU, PP ELBAYOUMY, K TI IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAJOR METABOLITES AND DNA ADDUCTS FORMED FROM 2-NITROPYRENE INVITRO SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PARTICULATE ORGANIC-MATTER; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; NITRO-PAH; MUTAGENICITY; 1-NITROPYRENE; NITROARENES; 2-NITROFLUORANTHENE; CARCINOGENICITY AB In contrast to 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), which is the most abundant nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in numerous environmental sources, 2-nitropyrene (2-NP) has been detected only in the ambient air and not in direct emissions. Thus, 2-NP can be used as an indicator for monitoring human exposure to nitropolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air. Therefore, it is essential to determine the possible metabolic pathways of 2-NP. The metabolism of 2-NP by rat liver 9000 g supernatant was investigated. Under aerobic conditions, ring oxidation to 6-hydroxy-2-nitropyrene and nitroreduction to 2-aminopyrene (2-AP) were observed. When incubations were carried out in an atmosphere of nitrogen, 2-AP was the only metabolite detected. These results are consistent with those observed with 1-NP. In vitro metabolic activation of 2-NP to DNA adducts catalyzed by xanthine oxidase was also examined. Two adducts were characterized as N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminopyrene and N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)-aminopyrene. The presence of deoxyadenosine adduct, which is derived from the nitroreduction pathway, may contribute to the powerful direct-acting mutagenicity of 2-NP. C1 AMER HLTH FDN,1 DANA RD,VALHALLA,NY 10595. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 33519] NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD MAR PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 475 EP 479 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.3.475 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FD350 UT WOS:A1991FD35000017 PM 2009592 ER PT J AU HAMMONS, GJ DOOLEY, KL KADLUBAR, FF AF HAMMONS, GJ DOOLEY, KL KADLUBAR, FF TI 4-AMINOBIPHENYL HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCT FORMATION AS AN INDEX OF INVIVO N-OXIDATION BY HEPATIC CYTOCHROME-P-450IA2 SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Note ID MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-450; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS; AROMATIC-AMINES; RATS; PURIFICATION; INHIBITION; ISOSAFROLE; MECHANISM; ISOZYMES C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,HFT 100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 4 IS 2 BP 144 EP 147 DI 10.1021/tx00020a003 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA FC030 UT WOS:A1991FC03000003 PM 1782342 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, T LEE, YL LIZZIO, EF TRIPATHI, AK JESSOP, JJ TAPLITS, M ABRAHAMSEN, TG CARTER, CS PURI, J AF HOFFMAN, T LEE, YL LIZZIO, EF TRIPATHI, AK JESSOP, JJ TAPLITS, M ABRAHAMSEN, TG CARTER, CS PURI, J TI ABSENCE OF MODULATION OF MONOKINE PRODUCTION VIA ENDOGENOUS CYCLOOXYGENASE OR 5-LIPOXYGENASE METABOLITES - MK-886 (3-[1-(4-CHLOROBENZYL)-3-TERT-BUTYL-THIO-5-ISOPROPYLINDOL-2-YL]-2,2-DIME THYLPROPANOIC ACID), INDOMETHACIN, OR ARACHIDONATE FAIL TO ALTER IMMUNOREACTIVE INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA, OR TNF-ALPHA PRODUCTION BY HUMAN MONOCYTES INVITRO SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; IL-1 PRODUCTION; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; PROSTAGLANDINS; PHOSPHOLIPASE; LEUKOTRIENES C1 NCI,DIV CANC THERAPY,PEDIAT ONCOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,CTR CLIN,DEPT TRANSFUS MED,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT CHEM IMMUNOL,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RP HOFFMAN, T (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 58 IS 3 BP 399 EP 408 DI 10.1016/0090-1229(91)90130-3 PG 10 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA EY830 UT WOS:A1991EY83000009 PM 1900463 ER PT J AU KRAFT, JC SLIKKER, W BAILEY, JR ROBERTS, LG FISCHER, B WITTFOHT, W NAU, H AF KRAFT, JC SLIKKER, W BAILEY, JR ROBERTS, LG FISCHER, B WITTFOHT, W NAU, H TI PLASMA PHARMACOKINETICS AND METABOLISM OF 13-CIS-RETINOIC AND ALL-TRANS-RETINOIC ACID IN THE CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY AND THE IDENTIFICATION OF 13-CIS-RETINOYL-BETA-GLUCURONIDES - A COMPARISON TO ONE HUMAN CASE-STUDY WITH ISOTRETINOIN SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID MACACA-NEMESTRINA; TERATOGENICITY; ORGANOGENESIS; RECEPTOR; EMBRYO; MICE; RAT AB In order to compare the disposition and metabolism of 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA) and all-trans-retinoic acid (all-trans-RA) in the nonpregnant female cynomolgus monkey, the plasma concentrations of the parent compound, the oxidized metabolites 4-oxo-13-cis-retinoic acid and 4-oxo-all-trans-retinoic acid, and the conjugate metabolites 13-cis-retinoyl-beta-glucuronide (13-cis-RAG) and all trans-retinoyl-beta-glucuronide (all-trans-RAG), were determined on day 1 and day 10 after oral dosing of 2 and 10 mg 13-cis- and all-trans-RA/kg/day. Both 13-cis-RAG and all-trans-RAG have been identified as major plasma metabolites in these studies using thermospray/HPLC/mass-spectrometry of the intact conjugates. AUC comparisons from 0-24 hr after administration indicated that 13-cis-RA treatment resulted in primarily cis metabolites and all-trans-RA treatment resulted in primarily trans metabolites, although low levels of isomerization products were observed. Comparison of the two doses (2 and 10 mg/kg, po) revealed that the AUCs were proportional to the dose administered. Although qualitatively similar, elimination of 13-cis-RA in the monkey was more rapid than in the human, and approximately a 10-fold greater dose of 13-cis-RA was required in the monkey to produce the AUC values comparable to the human. The elimination of all-trans-RA in monkey was faster than that of 13-cis-RA and tended to increase with repeated dosing. The main metabolite of all-trans-RA was found to be all-trans-RAG, while the major metabolites of 13-cis-RA were 4-oxo-13-cis-RA and 13-cis-RAG. Concentrations of both glucuronides tended to increase during the treatment period. In the human, the 4-oxo-13-cis-RA is by far the most predominant retinoid present during 13-cis-RA therapy; also, the 13-cis-RAG was identified as a new metabolite in humans. Both all-trans-RA and particularly 4-oxo-all-trans-RA, possibly proximate teratogenic compounds, were found in human serum. A preliminary interspecies comparison is made suggesting that the mouse may be an appropriate species for the study of all-trans-RA teratogenesis, while the monkey may be of some advantage for the study of 13-cis-RA teratogenesis. C1 FREE UNIV BERLIN,INST TOXICOL & EMBRYOPHARMACOL,GARYSTR 5,W-1000 BERLIN 33,GERMANY. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 44 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 19 IS 2 BP 317 EP 324 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FE239 UT WOS:A1991FE23900006 PM 1676630 ER PT J AU SUYDAM, LA AF SUYDAM, LA TI THE IMPACT OF OVERSIGHT ON THE CENTER FOR DEVICES AND RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH ACTIVITIES SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON MEDICAL DEVICE UPDATE CY JUN 04, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP SUYDAM, LA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF MANAGEMENT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 46 IS 2 BP 259 EP 265 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FV302 UT WOS:A1991FV30200010 ER PT J AU HOETING, AL AF HOETING, AL TI THE FDA PHILOSOPHY OF ENFORCEMENT SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON MEDICAL DEVICE UPDATE CY JUN 04, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP HOETING, AL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF ENFORCEMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 46 IS 2 BP 267 EP 272 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FV302 UT WOS:A1991FV30200011 ER PT J AU DUARTE, CG MCCLURE, H ELLIS, S AF DUARTE, CG MCCLURE, H ELLIS, S TI EFFECTS OF A RADIOCONTRAST AGENT ON BLOOD-PRESSURE OF CONSCIOUS AND ANESTHETIZED SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD MAR PY 1991 VL 17 IS 3 BP 446 EP 446 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA FA882 UT WOS:A1991FA88200163 ER PT J AU SMITH, SW PAVY, HG VONRAMM, OT AF SMITH, SW PAVY, HG VONRAMM, OT TI HIGH-SPEED ULTRASOUND VOLUMETRIC IMAGING-SYSTEM .1. TRANSDUCER DESIGN AND BEAM STEERING SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID ARRAYS AB Transducer design and phased-array beam steering are developed for a volumetric ultrasound scanner that enables the 3-D visualization of dynamic structures in real time. The geometric principles of phased-array beam steering in azimuth and elevation are derived for a 2-D array transducer. Several two-dimensional (2-D) array designs are analyzed for resolution and main lobe-side lobe ratio by simulation using 2-D fast Fourier transform methods. Fabrication techniques are described for 2-D array transducer. Experimental measurements of pulse-echo point spread responses for 2-D arrays agree with the simulations. Measurements of pulse-echo sensitivity, band-width and crosstalk are included. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP SMITH, SW (reprint author), DUKE UNIV,DEPT BIOMED ENGN,DURHAM,NC 27706, USA. NR 28 TC 303 Z9 312 U1 1 U2 25 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD MAR PY 1991 VL 38 IS 2 BP 100 EP 108 DI 10.1109/58.68466 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA EY701 UT WOS:A1991EY70100003 PM 18267563 ER PT J AU VONRAMM, OT SMITH, SW PAVY, HG AF VONRAMM, OT SMITH, SW PAVY, HG TI HIGH-SPEED ULTRASOUND VOLUMETRIC IMAGING-SYSTEM .2. PARALLEL PROCESSING AND IMAGE DISPLAY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article AB A real-time volumetric ultrasound imaging system has been developed for medical diagnosis. The scanner produces images analogous to an optical camera or the human eye and supplies more information than conventional sonograms. Potential medical applications include improved anatomic visualization, tumor localization and better assessment of cardiac function. The system uses pulse-echo phased array principles to steer a 2-D array transducer of 289 elements in a pyramidal scan format. Parallel processing in the receive mode produces 4992 scan lines at a rate of approximately 8 frames /s. Echo data for the scanned volume is presented on-line as projection images with depth perspective, stereoscopic pairs, or multiple tomographic images. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP VONRAMM, OT (reprint author), DUKE UNIV,DEPT BIOMED ENGN,DURHAM,NC 27706, USA. NR 19 TC 247 Z9 247 U1 0 U2 15 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD MAR PY 1991 VL 38 IS 2 BP 109 EP 115 DI 10.1109/58.68467 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA EY701 UT WOS:A1991EY70100004 PM 18267564 ER PT J AU CALVEY, EM MCDONALD, RE PAGE, SW MOSSOBA, MM TAYLOR, LT AF CALVEY, EM MCDONALD, RE PAGE, SW MOSSOBA, MM TAYLOR, LT TI EVALUATION OF SFC/FT-IR FOR EXAMINATION OF HYDROGENATED SOYBEAN OIL SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PHENYLMETHYLSILICONE STATIONARY PHASE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SILICA COLUMN; TRIGLYCERIDES; FATS; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; ESTERS AB Partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils causes isomerization of the unsaturated fatty acids in the triacylglycerol molecules. Some of these isomers have been shown to cause adverse physiological effects in animal feeding studies. The study reported here evaluates the use of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with flow-cell Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry to determine the relative level of unsaturation and the extent of isomerization in partially hydrogenated soybean oil. Free fatty acids (FFAs) from the hydrolysis of soybean oil and the intact triacylglycerols (TGs) of soybean oil were analyzed. These compounds can be analyzed by SFC using low temperatures and similar chromatographic conditions. GC analysis of FFAs and TGs generally requires high temperature and different chromatographic columns. The SFC/FT-IR spectra were compared with the spectra of fatty acid methyl esters by employing gas chromatography/matrix isolation/ FT-IR. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. US FDA,CFSAN,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CFSAN,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 39 IS 3 BP 542 EP 548 DI 10.1021/jf00003a022 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA FC490 UT WOS:A1991FC49000022 ER PT J AU JAYAKUMAR, A RUDD, KE FABINY, JM BARNES, EM AF JAYAKUMAR, A RUDD, KE FABINY, JM BARNES, EM TI LOCALIZATION OF THE ESCHERICHIA-COLI AMTA GENE TO 95.8 MINUTES SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Note C1 BAYLOR UNIV,VERNA & MARRS MCLEAN DEPT BIOCHEM,HOUSTON,TX 77030. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 173 IS 5 BP 1572 EP 1573 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EZ170 UT WOS:A1991EZ17000003 PM 1999381 ER PT J AU GROSSMAN, LW IGEL, DA FAALAND, RW AF GROSSMAN, LW IGEL, DA FAALAND, RW TI SURVEY OF THE OPTICAL-QUALITY OF INTRAOCULAR-LENS IMPLANTS SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE ACCEPTANCE TESTING; INTRAOCULAR LENS; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); POWER; RESOLUTION AB Intraocular lenses (IOLs) from 15 U.S. firms were tested for conformance to the requirements of the American National Standards Institute Z80.7 standard for IOLs. A total of 162 IOLs were tested for resolution, astigmatism, and accuracy of labeled power. Average resolving power was 78% of the diffraction limit, much better than the ANSI minimum requirement which is typically equivalent to 30% of the diffraction limit. This suggests that the ANSI Z80.7 requirement could be significantly tightened with little effect on current production practices. Only one IOL exhibited astigmatism in excess of 0.25 diopter. Differences between measured and labeled power in excess of 0.50 diopter were found in 22 lenses, indicating that accuracy of refractive power may be the most commonly missed optical requirement of the standard. RP GROSSMAN, LW (reprint author), OFF SCI & TECHNOL,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,FOOD & DRUG ADM,1901 CHAPMAN AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CATARACT REFRACTIVE SURGERY PI FAIRFAX PA 4000 LEGATO RD, SUITE 850, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 17 IS 2 BP 168 EP 174 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA FC472 UT WOS:A1991FC47200007 PM 2040974 ER PT J AU WIDMALM, G PASTOR, RW BULL, TE AF WIDMALM, G PASTOR, RW BULL, TE TI MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF METHYL-GROUP RELAXATION IN WATER SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID STOKES-EINSTEIN LAW; EXTENDED DIFFUSION; INTERNAL-ROTATION; LIQUID HYDROCARBONS; ATOMIC TEST; NMR TEST; XE C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD MAR 1 PY 1991 VL 94 IS 5 BP 4097 EP 4098 DI 10.1063/1.460641 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA FA778 UT WOS:A1991FA77800098 ER PT J AU GOUVEA, V ALLEN, JR GLASS, RI FANG, ZY BREMONT, M COHEN, J MCCRAE, MA SAIF, LJ SINARACHATANANT, P CAUL, EO AF GOUVEA, V ALLEN, JR GLASS, RI FANG, ZY BREMONT, M COHEN, J MCCRAE, MA SAIF, LJ SINARACHATANANT, P CAUL, EO TI DETECTION OF GROUP-B AND GROUP-C ROTAVIRUSES BY POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADULT DIARRHEA ROTAVIRUS; ANTIBODIES; OUTBREAK; HUMANS; CHINA; RNA AB We adapted the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the noncultivatable group B and C rotaviruses and introduced a simple and convenient technique to purify viral RNA from stool specimens. Double-stranded RNA present in stool extracts was purified by adsorption to hydrodroxyapatite and was used as the template for reverse transcription and polymerase amplification. Primer pairs specific for group B (gene 8) and group C (gene 6) rotaviruses were selected to amplify group-characteristic sizes of cDNA copies readily identifiable in ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels. These primer pairs were used separately in individual PCR assays or were pooled with a primer pair specific for group A rotavirus (gene 9) in a combined PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of all three rotavirus groups. The method was very sensitive and was used to identify both human and porcine strains of group B and C rotaviruses in stool specimens. A second PCR amplification with internal group-specific primers served to increase further the sensitivity of the test and to confirm the diagnostic results obtained in the first amplification. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CHINESE ACAD PREVENT MED,INST VIROL,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. LAB VIROL & IMMUNOL MOLEC,F-78352 JOUY EN JOSAS,FRANCE. UNIV WARWICK,DEPT BIOL SCI,COVENTRY CV4 7AL,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. PUBL HLTH LAB,REG VIRUS LAB,BRISTOL BS2 8EL,ENGLAND. OHIO STATE UNIV,OHIO AGR RES & DEV CTR,WOOSTER,OH 44691. MAHIDOL UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT MICROBIOL,BANGKOK 10700,THAILAND. RP GOUVEA, V (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS UNIT,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 26 TC 136 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 29 IS 3 BP 519 EP 523 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EY463 UT WOS:A1991EY46300021 PM 1645368 ER PT J AU TEAFORD, MF TYLENDA, CA AF TEAFORD, MF TYLENDA, CA TI A NEW APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF TOOTH WEAR SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT; DENTAL MICROWEAR; AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES; REPLICATION TECHNIQUE; PRIMATES; ENAMEL; DIETS AB Human tooth wear occurs so slowly that traditionally it has needed months or years to be measurable. This study showed that microscopic changes in wear patterns on human teeth could be detected in a matter of days and could be used as indicators of rates of wear. Thus, daily or weekly changes in rates of wear can be documented for specific locations on teeth. For instance, through this new approach, rates of wear of human teeth were shown to be significantly slower than rates of wear of the teeth of laboratory monkeys raised on hard or soft diets. Similar techniques may ultimately be used to monitor subtle changes in tooth use-including those associated with growth and development and those occurring in response to various dental clinical procedures. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP TEAFORD, MF (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL & ANAT,725 N WOLFE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21205, USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE07182] NR 28 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 70 IS 3 BP 204 EP 207 DI 10.1177/00220345910700030901 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA FD585 UT WOS:A1991FD58500009 PM 1999560 ER PT J AU MOTES, ML AF MOTES, ML TI INCIDENCE OF LISTERIA SPP IN SHRIMP, OYSTERS, AND ESTUARINE WATERS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIC LISTERIOSIS; MONOCYTOGENES; ENUMERATION; SEWAGE; CHLORIDE; PRODUCTS; SEAFOOD; GROWTH; FOOD; MILK AB A total of 227 samples, including oysters, shrimp, and water, was collected along the U.S. Gulf Coast and examined to determine the presence of Listeria spp. Listeria spp. were recovered more frequently from shrimp than from water but were not recovered from oysters. Recovery of Listeria spp. from shrimp and waters was improved at temperatures less-than-or-equal-to 20-degrees-C; however, recovery was not affected by salinity or related to the fecal coliform standard for shellfish-growing waters. Although only 5% of the test samples were positive for L. monocytogenes, all Listeria positive shrimp contained L. monocytogenes. The incidence of Listeria spp. in shrimp was low; nevertheless, shrimp represent a potential source of Listeria contamination to processing plants and their products. RP MOTES, ML (reprint author), US FDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 20 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 54 IS 3 BP 170 EP 173 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA FA967 UT WOS:A1991FA96700003 ER PT J AU NOAH, CW PEREZ, JC RAMOS, NC MCKEE, CR GIPSON, MV AF NOAH, CW PEREZ, JC RAMOS, NC MCKEE, CR GIPSON, MV TI DETECTION OF LISTERIA SPP IN NATURALLY CONTAMINATED SEAFOODS USING 4 ENRICHMENT PROCEDURES SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID PLATING MEDIA; MONOCYTOGENES; PRODUCTS; ASSAY; MILK; FOOD AB Four enrichment procedures were evaluated for the recovery of Listeria spp. from 211 samples of raw and processed seafoods. The presence of Listeria spp. was determined in all four methods by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The enrichments used were l) Listeria enrichment broth (LEB);2)buffered LEB (BLEB);3) BLEB transferred to the same enrichment after 24 h (BLEB 24-h transfer); and 4) modified University of Vermont medium (UVM-1) transferred after 24 h to UVM-1 medium containing additional acriflavin (UVM-2). All four enrichments were incubated for a total of 48 h at 30-degrees-C. To determine the efficiency of each protocol, we compared our recovery results with those obtained by using a modified version of the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) cultural method, as described in the Federal Register of November 1, 1988. Statistical analysis showed that recovery of Listeria spp. using nonbuffered LEB for 48 h without transfer did not differ significantly from that obtained with the revised BAM method. C1 TEXAS A&I UNIV,DEPT BIOL,KINGSVILLE,TX 78363. RP NOAH, CW (reprint author), US FDA,DALLAS DIST OFF,DALLAS,TX 75204, USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 54 IS 3 BP 174 EP 177 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA FA967 UT WOS:A1991FA96700004 ER PT J AU SHAH, DB BRADSHAW, JG PEELER, JT AF SHAH, DB BRADSHAW, JG PEELER, JT TI THERMAL-RESISTANCE OF EGG-ASSOCIATED EPIDEMIC STRAINS OF SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK; PLASMIDS AB Seventeen strains of Salmonella enteritidis isolated from patients and various implicated products from 5 egg-associated outbreaks of salmonellosis were investigated for plasmid content, phage type and thermal resistance. D values obtained at 57.2 and 60-degrees-C in liquid whole egg for all strains were within ranges reported by previous investigators. Sublethal heat shock at 40-degrees-C for 2 hr or 48-degrees-C for 30 min increased thermotolerance 2- to 3-fold. The induced thermotolerance decayed to control levels after 2-3 cycles of cell duplication at a lower temperature. Most strains contained a 39-Mda plasmid and were phage type 8. No correlation was observed between thermotolerance and presence or absence of plasmid or phage type. RP SHAH, DB (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 19 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 2 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 56 IS 2 BP 391 EP 393 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb05287.x PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA FH073 UT WOS:A1991FH07300026 ER PT J AU THYPHRONITIS, G MAX, EE FINKELMAN, FD AF THYPHRONITIS, G MAX, EE FINKELMAN, FD TI GENERATION AND CLONING OF STABLE HUMAN IGE-SECRETING CELLS THAT HAVE REARRANGED THE C-EPSILON GENE SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; DOUBLE ISOTYPE PRODUCTION; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-B; HEAVY-CHAIN GENE; SIMULTANEOUS EXPRESSION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-MU; DNA REARRANGEMENT; EPSILON-GENES; C-MU; GAMMA AB Although the secretion of Ig isotypes other than IgM is generally accompanied by a DNA rearrangement that deletes C-mu (and the other IgC(H) genes located between VDJ and the expressed C(H) gene), a system has recently been described that generates a high frequency of IgE-secreting cells that have failed to delete IgC(H) genes or to rearrange their C-epsilon genes. These cells, derived from EBV-transformed human PBMC, secrete IgM and IgD as well as IgE. To determine whether the absence of C-epsilon rearrangement and C(H) gene deletion is a general phenomenon for human IgE-secreting cells, we have characterized IgE-secreting cells that are generated by culturing purified human B cells with EBV plus IL-4 in the presence of irradiated human PBMC. In contrast to the earlier observation, we have not been able to detect any cells that demonstrate cytoplasmic staining for IgE and concurrently stain for a second Ig isotype. Stable IgE-secreting cell lines and clones produced by this method have rear-ranged one of their C-epsilon genes and have deleted both C-mu genes. These observations demonstrate that the generation of human IgE-secreting cells can involve the same gene rearrangement and deletional mechanisms that lead to the generation of cells that secrete other isotypes. C1 US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP THYPHRONITIS, G (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,ROOM A3060,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [2R01 AI213804] NR 51 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 1 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 5 BP 1496 EP 1502 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA EY684 UT WOS:A1991EY68400016 PM 1847163 ER PT J AU EDWIN, C SWACK, JA WILLIAMS, K BONVENTRE, PF KASS, EH AF EDWIN, C SWACK, JA WILLIAMS, K BONVENTRE, PF KASS, EH TI ACTIVATION OF INVITRO PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN T-CELLS BY A SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE OF TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME TOXIN-1 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-1; PREDICTION; INDUCTION; MONOCYTES; FRAGMENTS; MOLECULES AB A 21-mer synthetic peptide (KGEKVDLNTKRTKKSQHTSEG), designated TSST-1(58-78), was constructed from the primary structure of the toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1). The peptide reacted with a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to whole TSST-1 in solid-phase immunoassays. TSST-1(58-78) promoted the in vitro proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in a dose-dependent manner. Minimum dose required for stimulation (P less-than-or-equal-to .05) was 0.75-mu-M peptide. This mitogenic effect was abrogated by incubation of the peptide with MAbs to whole TSST-1 before addition to PBMC. The ability of TSST-1(58-78) to stimulate the proliferation of highly purified resting human T cells was analyzed. Significant proliferation (P less-than-or-equal-to .01) was observed only in the presence of increasing populations of monocytes added to the cultures. Adherent human monocytes exposed to TSST-1(58-78) released tumor necrosis factor. Thus, some of the immunoregulatory properties attributed to TSST-1 are demonstrated by the region of the toxin represented by the peptide TSST-1(58-78). C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CHANNING LAB,BOSTON,MA 02115. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. NEW ENGLAND MED CTR HOSP,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA. US FDA,IMMUNOBIOL SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,CINCINNATI,OH 45267. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 163 IS 3 BP 524 EP 529 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA EY495 UT WOS:A1991EY49500015 PM 1995725 ER PT J AU KELLER, RJ RUSH, JD GROVER, TA AF KELLER, RJ RUSH, JD GROVER, TA TI SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND ESR EVIDENCE FOR VANADIUM(IV) DEFEROXAMINE COMPLEXES SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DESFERRIOXAMINE-B; CHELATING-AGENTS; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; VANADATE; MICE; INTOXICATION; PROTECTION AB Complexes of vanadium(IV), vanadyl, are reported to be formed with the trihydroxamic acid deferoxamine (H3DF+). One complex exhibits a reddish-violet color, with a major absorbance peak at 386 nm and a smaller peak at 520 nm. This complex is potentially useful for the microdetermination of vanadyl. The apparent molar absorptivity is 3.91 mM-1 cm-1, and the complex obeys Beer's law in the concentration range of 0.6-63 ppm. Electron spin resonance studies indicate the formation of two vanadyl complexes that are 1:1 in vanadyl and deferoxamine, but have two or three bound hydroxamate groups. ESR and spectrophotometric evidence indicate that the red, low pH form, involves an octahedral vanadium (4+) ion coordinated by three hydroxamate ligands. One of these hydroxamates is displaced by an oxygen at pH > 2.8 according to the following equilibria: VO2+ + H3DF+ double-line-arrow-pointing-to-left-and-right V(IV)(DF)2+ + H3O+, V(IV)(DF)2+ + H2O double-line-arrow-pointing-to-left-and-right VO(HDF)+ + H+, where pk2 = 2.8. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UTAH STATE UNIV,CTR BIOTECHNOL,LOGAN,UT 84322. RP KELLER, RJ (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,DIV TOXICOL,MAIL SLOT 638,4301 W MARKHAM ST,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 42013] NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0162-0134 J9 J INORG BIOCHEM JI J. Inorg. Biochem. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 41 IS 4 BP 269 EP 276 DI 10.1016/0162-0134(91)80019-E PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA EY804 UT WOS:A1991EY80400005 PM 1647441 ER PT J AU LIN, Y LIU, YX CISLO, T MASON, BL YU, MYW AF LIN, Y LIU, YX CISLO, T MASON, BL YU, MYW TI EXPRESSION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRES1 PEPTIDE OF HEPATITIS-B SURFACE-ANTIGEN IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE PRES1 PEPTIDE EXPRESSION; PRES1 AND PRES2 FUSION PROTEIN; HBV RECEPTOR ID LIVER PLASMA-MEMBRANES; POLYMERIZED HUMAN; CHIMPANZEE ALBUMINS; VIRUS-PARTICLES; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; RECEPTOR; ATTACHMENT; SEQUENCE; SITE AB The infectious particles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) contain 3 related surface antigens, i.e., small, medium, and large, all of which are encoded by one large open reading frame with multiple initiation codons. The large surface antigen (L-Ag) contains preS1, preS2, and S regions while both the middle and small surface antigens lack preS1. Several lines of evidence suggested that the preS1 region is involved in the binding of HBV to human hepatocytes as shown by its binding to HepG2 cells and isolated human hepatocyte membranes. To obtain large quantity of preS1 peptide, an expression vector was constructed containing a lac promoter, the 5' half of the beta-galactosidase gene, the Factor Xa tetrapeptide recognition sequence, and the coding region of preS1 plus preS2. This recombinant plasmid constitutively produced high concentration of a fusion protein in inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli. When the fusion protein was treated with Factor Xa, a peptide consisting of the N-terminal 91 amino acids of the preS1 region was released. This preS1 fragment purified by anion exchange chromatography was able to bind specifically to the isolated plasma membranes from human liver. Hence, this recombinant preS1 peptide can be used to identify and isolate hepatocyte receptors for HBV. RP LIN, Y (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29,ROOM 111,ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 33 IS 3 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1002/jmv.1890330308 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA FC694 UT WOS:A1991FC69400007 PM 1880495 ER PT J AU CHESEMORE, RG AF CHESEMORE, RG TI FDA KEYNOTE ADDRESS, AT THE 1ST CONFERENCE ON COMPLIANCE AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS SPONSORED BY THE PARENTERAL-DRUG-ASSOCIATION ON SEPTEMBER 5-6, 1990 IN ROCKVILLE, MD SO JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PARENTERAL DRUG ASSOC, INC PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE, 620, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0279-7976 J9 J PARENT SCI TECHN PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 45 IS 2 BP 71 EP 75 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FE164 UT WOS:A1991FE16400002 PM 1675676 ER PT J AU GUEST, GB PAIGE, JC AF GUEST, GB PAIGE, JC TI THE MAGNITUDE OF THE TISSUE RESIDUE PROBLEM WITH REGARD TO CONSUMER NEEDS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 126TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC CY 1989 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER VET MED ASSOC RP GUEST, GB (reprint author), US DEPT NHS,CTR VET MED,FOOD & DRUG ADM,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 3 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 1 PY 1991 VL 198 IS 5 BP 805 EP 808 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA EZ412 UT WOS:A1991EZ41200014 PM 2026525 ER PT J AU KAUFMAN, BM CLOWER, M AF KAUFMAN, BM CLOWER, M TI IMMUNOASSAY OF PESTICIDES SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; INHIBITION ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; PARAQUAT RESIDUES; ATRAZINE RESIDUES; S-BIOALLETHRIN; BAY SIR-8514; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; WATER AB Determination of the presence and levels of pesticide residues in food is fundamental in monitoring and regulatory programs. Residues are separated from the food matrix by solvent extraction, followed by cleanup steps. The residues are most often identified and quantitated by instrumental analysis, usually liquid or gas chromatography. Extraction and cleanup are often laborious and time-consuming; determination requires expensive, sophisticated instrumentation. There is a need for rapid, easily performed tests, such as immunoassays, that could be used for screening under field conditions or for quantitation of residues in foods in the laboratory. Although a large number of immunoassays have been developed for pesticide chemicals, very few have been specifically applied to foods, and only a very small number are currently available commercially. The agencies charged with monitoring and regulatory responsibilities-Environmental Protection Agency, Food and Drug Administration, and U.S. Department of Agriculture-as well as professional societies such as AOAC and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, are investigating and developing guidelines for test kit evaluation and standards to be met before a kit can be accepted as a practical and useful method of analysis for use in their programs. RP KAUFMAN, BM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 75 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 5 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 74 IS 2 BP 239 EP 247 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FD110 UT WOS:A1991FD11000001 PM 2050606 ER PT J AU YESS, NJ HOUSTON, MG GUNDERSON, EL AF YESS, NJ HOUSTON, MG GUNDERSON, EL TI FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION PESTICIDE-RESIDUE MONITORING OF FOODS - 1978-1982 SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL DIET SAMPLES; 1978 SEPTEMBER 1979; 1980 MARCH 1982; CHEMICALS; ELEMENTS; INFANT AB Pesticide residues in foods are reported for the 5-year period 1978-1982 [fiscal years (FY) 78-82]. Results were compiled from the 2 complementary elements that comprise the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) program for monitoring pesticide residues in foods. Under regulatory monitoring, which focuses on residues in raw agricultural commodities, a total of 49 877 samples (30 361 domestic and 19 516 import) that included fresh fruits and vegetables, grains, milk and dairy products, seafoods, and a variety of processed foods were analyzed. No residues were found in about 55 and 44% of the domestic and import samples, respectively. About 3% of the domestic and 7% of the import samples were classed as violative. Data from the Total Diet Study, which is conducted to determine dietary intakes of a variety of chemicals, showed that residues of 42 pesticides were found in 1044 composites of table-ready foods. Results of FDA's monitoring for FY78-82 demonstrate that pesticide residue levels in the U.S. food supply were generally well below regulatory limits, and dietary intakes were manyfold lower than the Acceptable Daily intakes established by international agencies. RP YESS, NJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 74 IS 2 BP 265 EP 272 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FD110 UT WOS:A1991FD11000004 PM 2050608 ER PT J AU YESS, NJ HOUSTON, MG GUNDERSON, EL AF YESS, NJ HOUSTON, MG GUNDERSON, EL TI FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION PESTICIDE-RESIDUE MONITORING OF FOODS - 1983-1986 SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL DIET SAMPLES; 1978 SEPTEMBER 1979; 1980 MARCH 1982; CHEMICALS; ELEMENTS; INFANT AB Pesticide residues in foods are reported for the 4-year period 1982-1986 [fiscal years (FY) 83-86]. Results were summarized from the 2 complementary approaches that make up the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) pesticide residue monitoring program. Under regulatory monitoring, which focuses on residues in raw agricultural commodities, a total of 49 055 samples (27 700 domestic and 21 355 import) that included fresh fruits and vegetables, grains and grain products, milk and dairy products, seafoods, and a variety of processed foods were analyzed. No residues were found in 60 and 48% of the domestic and import samples, respectively, compared with 55 and 44% in FY78-82. About 3% of the domestic and 5% of the import samples were violative. In FY78-82, about 3 and 7% were violative, respectively. The other FDA monitoring approach, the Total Diet Study, was revised in April 1982 to expand coverage of age/sex groups, use updated diets, and provide for analysis of individual foods. Results from monitoring under this modified approach and from regulatory monitoring continued to demonstrate that pesticide residues in the U.S. food supply were well below regulatory limits, and dietary intakes were many times lower than the Acceptable Daily Intakes established by international agencies. RP YESS, NJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 74 IS 2 BP 273 EP 280 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FD110 UT WOS:A1991FD11000005 PM 2050609 ER PT J AU SMELA, MJ STROMBERG, R AF SMELA, MJ STROMBERG, R TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF 6 SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS IN DOSAGE FORMS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE; PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE; ENANTIOMERS; GUAIFENESIN AB A simple and rapid stability-indicating liquid chromatographic method is described for quantitative determination of 6 sympathomimetic drugs in various liquid and solid formulations. Analyses were carried out on a C18 reverse phase column using 0.01M 1-octanesulfonic acid, sodium salt in 0.2% acetic acid-methanol (70 + 30) as the mobile phase with photometric detection at 220 nm. Coefficients of variation for 5 consecutive injections of a mixed standards solution ranged from 0.62% for metaraminol to 1.40% for epinephrine. Standard recoveries ranged from 98.8% for metaraminol to 100.8% for epinephrine. The method was linear between 0.2 and 10-mu-g of drug injected and was used successfully to analyze 17 commercial products in a variety of dosage forms. C1 US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,850 3RD AVE,BROOKLYN,NY 11232. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV GENER DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 74 IS 2 BP 289 EP 291 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FD110 UT WOS:A1991FD11000007 PM 2050610 ER PT J AU VARNER, SL HOLLIFIELD, HC ANDRZEJEWSKI, D AF VARNER, SL HOLLIFIELD, HC ANDRZEJEWSKI, D TI DETERMINATION OF BENZENE IN POLYPROPYLENE FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIALS AND FOOD-CONTACT PARAFFIN WAXES SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID HEADSPACE AB An analytical procedure was developed for determination of benzene in polypropylene food packaging and was adapted for determination of benzene in commercial paraffin waxes intended for food-contact use. The polymer was dissolved in hexadecane at 150-degrees-C. The wax was melted in an 80-degrees-C oven. A simple helium-sparging apparatus was used to remove the volatile chemical from the polymer or wax. The contaminant was collected in methanol, distilled water was added, and the resulting solution was analyzed by headspace gas chromatography. The instrument was equipped with a 30 m fused silica open tubular capillary column and a photoionization detector. Average recoveries of benzene from polymer and paraffin wax at low parts-per-billion concentrations were 63 and 70%, respectively. Limits of detection and quantitation for analysis of polypropylene were 8 and 17 ppb, respectively; the limit of quantitation for analysis of paraffin wax was 2 ppb. In several commercial polypropylene products examined, benzene levels ranged from none detected to 426 ppb. In 3 commercial waxes examined, concentrations of 16-73 ppb benzene were determined. The presence of benzene was confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP VARNER, SL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 74 IS 2 BP 367 EP 374 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FD110 UT WOS:A1991FD11000018 PM 2050616 ER PT J AU FIRESTONE, D AF FIRESTONE, D TI DETERMINATION OF DIOXINS AND FURANS IN FOODS AND BIOLOGICAL TISSUES - REVIEW AND UPDATE SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID DIBENZO-PARA-DIOXINS; HUMAN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; P-DIOXINS; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HUMAN-SERUM; HUMAN-MILK AB Determination of trace residues of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs and PCDFs) in various matrixes is carried out by a limited number of laboratories in the United States, Canada, and other countries. Current methods for analysis of foods and biological tissues include a combination of preparation, extraction, cleanup, isolation, determination, and identity confirmation procedures. Soxhlet, liquid/liquid, solid-phase, and column extraction procedures are used as well as treatment with acid or base before solvent extraction. Cleanup and isolation steps include sulfuric acid partitioning; adsorption chromatography on Florisil, silica gel, or alumina; gel permeation chromatography; multistage column chromatography on sulfuric acid silica and alkali silica; carbon column chromatography; and liquid chromatography fractionation with size exclusion, normal-phase, and reverse-phase columns. Activated carbon and multistage chromatographic columns are widely used in cleanup schemes. Isomer-specific identification and quantitation of PCDD and PCDF congeners at parts-per-trillion levels or lower are carried out by high resolution (capillary) gas chromatography (HRGC) and multiple ion detection mass spectrometry. In addition to chemical methods, bioassay procedures have been recommended (e.g., use of monoclonal antibodies, for immunoassay determination of PCDDs and PCDFs). RP FIRESTONE, D (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 109 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 74 IS 2 BP 375 EP 384 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FD110 UT WOS:A1991FD11000019 PM 2050617 ER PT J AU LAWRENCE, JF MENARD, C CHARBONNEAU, CF HALL, S AF LAWRENCE, JF MENARD, C CHARBONNEAU, CF HALL, S TI A STUDY OF 10-TOXINS ASSOCIATED WITH PARALYTIC SHELLFISH POISON USING PRECHROMATOGRAPHIC OXIDATION AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL ASSAY; SAXITOXIN; TOXINS AB Ten paralytic shellfish toxins [saxitoxin, neosaxitoxin, B-1, B-2, gonyautoxin 1, 2, and 3 (i.e., GTX-1, GTX-2, and GTX-3), C-1, C-2, and C-3] were oxidized at room temperature under mildly basic conditions with hydrogen peroxide or periodic acid. The products were then analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC). The N-1-hydroxylated toxins (neosaxitoxin, B-2, GTX-1, and C-3) formed fluorescent products after periodate oxidation at ca pH 8.7, but did not form fluorescent derivatives with peroxide oxidation. The non-N-1-hydroxylated toxins (saxitoxin, B-1, GTX-2, GTX-3, C-1, and C-2) formed highly fluorescent derivatives with both peroxide and periodate oxidations. Individual toxins produced mainly single fluorescent peaks by reverse-phase LC. However, all GTX toxins eluted with the same retention time. Also, C-1 and C-2 eluted together, as did neosaxitoxin and B-2. The non-N-1-hydroxylated toxins could be detected in quantities as low as 20-50 pg/injection, while the N-1-hydroxy analogues could be detected at levels as low as 100-500 pg/injection. UV absorption and fluorescence emission spectra were similar for the oxidation products of all toxins examined (max. 333 +/- 2 nm absorption, 389 +/- 4 nm fluorescence emission). C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LAWRENCE, JF (reprint author), HLTH & WELF CANADA,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,DIV FOOD RES,BUR CHEM SAFETY,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 17 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 4 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 74 IS 2 BP 404 EP 409 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FD110 UT WOS:A1991FD11000024 PM 1646784 ER PT J AU CALLAHAN, LN PHELAN, M MALLINSON, M NORCROSS, MA AF CALLAHAN, LN PHELAN, M MALLINSON, M NORCROSS, MA TI DEXTRAN SULFATE BLOCKS ANTIBODY-BINDING TO THE PRINCIPAL NEUTRALIZING DOMAIN OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 WITHOUT INTERFERING WITH GP120-CD4 INTERACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; HIV AGENT INVITRO; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; VIRION BINDING; ENVELOPE; CELLS; CD4; PROTEIN; INHIBIT; POTENT AB The mechanism of the antiviral activity of sulfated polysaccharides on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was investigated by determining the effect of dextran sulfate on the binding of CD4 and several anti-gp120 monoclonal antibodies to both recombinant and cell surface gp120. Dextran sulfate did not interfere with the binding of sCD4 to rgp120 on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plates or in solution and did not block sCD4 binding to HIV-1-infected cells expressing gp120 on the cell surface. Dextran sulfate had minimal effects on rgp120 binding to CD4+ cells at concentrations which effectively prevent HIV replication. In contrast, it potently inhibited the binding of both rgp120 and cell surface gp120 to several monoclonal antibodies directed against the principal neutralizing domain of gp120 (V3). In an ELISA format, dextran sulfate enhanced the binding of monoclonal antibodies against amino-terminal regions of gp120 and had no effect on antibodies directed to other regions of gp120, including the carboxy terminus. The inhibitory effects of polyanionic polysaccharides on viral binding, viral replication, and formation of syncytia therefore appear mediated by interactions with positively charged amino acids concentrated in the V3 region. This high local positive charge density, unique to the V3 loop, leads us to propose that this property is critical to the function of the V3 region in mediating envelope binding and subsequent fusion between viral and cell membranes. The specific interaction of dextran sulfate with this domain suggests that structurally related molecules on the cell surface, such as heparan sulfate, may be additional targets for HIV binding and infection. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 34 TC 193 Z9 198 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 65 IS 3 BP 1543 EP 1550 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA EY750 UT WOS:A1991EY75000057 PM 1995952 ER PT J AU KHANNA, VK HUSAIN, R HANIG, JP SETH, PK AF KHANNA, VK HUSAIN, R HANIG, JP SETH, PK TI INCREASED NEUROBEHAVIORAL TOXICITY OF STYRENE IN PROTEIN-MALNOURISHED RATS SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PROTEIN MALNUTRITION; STYRENE; PROGENY; GROWTH RETARDATION; NEUROBEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT ID PERINATAL UNDERNUTRITION; BRAIN; CATECHOLAMINES; MALNUTRITION; METABOLISM; DOPAMINE; EXPOSURE AB Influence of protein deficiency on the neurobehavioral toxicity of styrene during gestation and early infancy was studied in rats. Eye opening and fur growth were delayed in rat pups born to dams receiving a low protein diet. These pups also showed a delay in the development of surface and air righting reflexes and cliff avoidance response and a marginal increase in the levels of dopamine and serotonin receptors in comparison to those born to dams receiving a normal protein diet. Alterations in these parameters were more marked in pups born to dams exposed to styrene and receiving a low protein diet. In addition, these pups also showed a significant decrease in the activity of monoamine oxidase, Na+, K+-ATPase and succinic dehydrogenase as well as significant increases in motor activity and receptor sensitivity when compared to rat pups born to dams receiving a low protein diet. No significant alterations in behavioral and biochemical parameters were observed in the pups born to dams exposed to styrene and receiving a normal protein diet at this dose level. These results suggest that protein deficiency during early life renders the animals more susceptible to styrene. C1 IND TOXICOL RES CTR,POST BOX 80,LUCKNOW 226001,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. US FDA,DIV DRUG BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 13 IS 2 BP 153 EP 159 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(91)90005-H PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA FD442 UT WOS:A1991FD44200005 PM 1646382 ER PT J AU HEWLETT, IK GEYER, SJ HAWTHORNE, CA RUTA, M EPSTEIN, JS AF HEWLETT, IK GEYER, SJ HAWTHORNE, CA RUTA, M EPSTEIN, JS TI KINETICS OF EARLY HIV-1 GENE-EXPRESSION IN INFECTED H9-CELLS ASSESSED BY PCR SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Note ID HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RNA; AMPLIFICATION; DNA; CELLS AB The time course of viral gene expression in H9 cells acutely infected with HIV-1 was analysed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Virus-specific sequences were first detected in genomic DNA of H9 cells 1-2h after infection. RNA for the regulatory genes such as the tat and nef appeared 2-3h post-infection and RNA for the gag and env at 3 h. The results demonstrate that viral DNA synthesis occurs rapidly after infection of target cells followed by synthesis of viral RNA. Cell-associated reverse transcriptase activity increased after 24 h, while culture supernatant enzyme activity increased later, between 1-5 days. The delay in virus release after rapid integration and transcriptional activity suggests the involvement of additional factors, perhaps both cellular and viral, that control the formation and budding of mature virions. RP HEWLETT, IK (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD MAR PY 1991 VL 6 IS 3 BP 491 EP 493 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA FT344 UT WOS:A1991FT34400023 PM 1707154 ER PT J AU MEDLOCK, KL LYTTLE, CR KELEPOURIS, N NEWMAN, ED SHEEHAN, DM AF MEDLOCK, KL LYTTLE, CR KELEPOURIS, N NEWMAN, ED SHEEHAN, DM TI ESTRADIOL DOWN-REGULATION OF THE RAT UTERINE ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BINDING-SITES; HORMONE BINDING; PROGESTERONE; GROWTH; UTERUS; CELLS; PHOSPHORYLATION; REPLENISHMENT; INACTIVATION; MECHANISMS AB We have previously shown that neonatal exposure of rats to pharmacologic doses of diethylstilbestrol via daily injections resulted in a significant decrease in the estrogen-binding capacity of the uterine estrogen receptor (ER). In this study, we examined the effects of physiologic and pharmacologic doses of estradiol (E2) administered to adult ovariectomized rats via Silastic implants. Two days after implantation, uteri were removed, weighed, and homogenized, and ER levels were determined in the supernatant (hydroxylapatite assay) and low-speed pellet (nuclear exchange assay). Implants containing E2 concentrations of 0.005 or 0.05 mg/ml increased cytosolic but not total ER-binding capacity, whereas 0.5 or 5.0 mg of E2/ml implants decreased the binding capacity of cytosol ER to 40% and total ER to 50% of control values. The 0.005-mg/ml dose increased cytosol ER without increasing uterine weight; all higher doses significantly increased uterine weight. Determination of ER protein by an ER radio-immunoassay showed the same extent of reduction of ER concentration as the binding assays, demonstrating that the loss in E2 binding capacity is homologous down-regulation. The down-regulation of ER was maximal at 24 hr and was completely reversible after implant removal, although the time required to recover from down-regulation was dose dependent. Uterine weight also returned to control levels slowly after implant removal. Neither the sedimentation rate of the down-regulated ER nor the K(d) of the cytosolic ER changed following long-term implantation; however, the k(d) of the nuclear ER decreased significantly. This is the first demonstration of in vivo homologous down-regulation of uterine ER. ER down-regulation may play a role in several biologic processes. C1 UNIV PENN, DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL, DIV REPROD BIOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, DEPT BIOCHEM, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, DEPT PHARMACOL & INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. RP MEDLOCK, KL (reprint author), US FDA, NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD06874, HD20025] NR 37 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 196 IS 3 BP 293 EP 300 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA EZ686 UT WOS:A1991EZ68600008 PM 1998006 ER PT J AU NALIBOFF, BD BENTON, D SOLOMON, GF MORLEY, JE FAHEY, JL BLOOM, ET MAKINODAN, T GILMORE, SL AF NALIBOFF, BD BENTON, D SOLOMON, GF MORLEY, JE FAHEY, JL BLOOM, ET MAKINODAN, T GILMORE, SL TI IMMUNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN YOUNG AND OLD ADULTS DURING BRIEF LABORATORY STRESS SO PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID KILLER CELL-ACTIVITY; PLASMA-CATECHOLAMINES; PHYSICAL STRESS; CYTO-TOXICITY; AUGMENTATION; EXERCISE; CONCOMITANT; RESPONSES; ENDORPHIN; AGE AB Few data are available on the response of the human immune system to acute psychological stressors under controlled laboratory conditions. Young female subjects (21-41 years) showed increases in natural killer (NK) cell activity, and in the numbers of circulating CD8 suppressor/cytotoxic T cells, and natural killer lymphocytes following a brief (12 minute) stressful mental arithmetic examination. Older female subjects (65-85 years) failed to show the stress-related increase in NK activity. The psychological stress did lead to increases in the numbers of circulating CD8 suppressor/cytotoxic T cells and NK lymphocytes in old subjects to a similar degree as that seen in the young group. No changes in the numbers of helper/inducer T cells (CD4), total T cells (CD3), or B cells (CD20) were found following the stressor for either group. Cardiovascular, catecholamine, and subjective stress responses were similar for the two age groups. These results demonstrate that brief psychological stress is associated with some rapid immune cell changes, including release of CD8 suppressor/cytotoxic T cells and NK cells into circulation, and in young subjects, increases in NK activity. The absence of an NK activity increase in the older subjects indicates that NK cell mobilization and cell lysis induced by NK cells may be differentially affected by stress. The results also suggest the possibility of an age-related deficit in the up-regulation of NK activity under some environmental demands. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. VET ADM MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. ST LOUIS UNIV,DIV GERIATR MED,ST LOUIS,MO 63103. VET ADM MED CTR,ST LOUIS,MO 63125. RP NALIBOFF, BD (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHOPHYSIOL RES 151J,SEPULVEDA,CA 91343, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA30187] NR 27 TC 210 Z9 211 U1 4 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0033-3174 J9 PSYCHOSOM MED JI Psychosom. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 53 IS 2 BP 121 EP 132 PG 12 WC Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA FB284 UT WOS:A1991FB28400002 PM 2031066 ER PT J AU SULEIMAN, OH ANDERSON, J JONES, B RAO, GUV ROSENSTEIN, M AF SULEIMAN, OH ANDERSON, J JONES, B RAO, GUV ROSENSTEIN, M TI TISSUE DOSES IN THE UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL FLUOROSCOPY EXAMINATION SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DOSIMETRY; GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, RADIOGRAPHY; FLUOROSCOPY; RADIATIONS, EXPOSURE TO PATIENTS AND PERSONNEL ID DIAGNOSTIC-RADIOLOGY; EXPOSURE; PHANTOMS AB A method was developed to estimate tissue doses from the upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy examination. It involved measuring the technical parameters of the clinical examination, partitioning the dynamic examination into a set of discrete x-ray fields, and generating corresponding tissue dose tables with an existing computer program. Knowledge of the radiation exposures associated with each of the fields enabled the calculation of tissue doses for the entire dynamic examination. In this limited sample (eight patients), fluoroscopy times ranged from 108 to 183 seconds. Radiation exposures ranged from 2.3 to 7.2 mC/kg (9.1-28 R), thyroid doses from 0.15 to 3.5 mGy (15-350 mrad), uterine doses from 0.16 to 1.0 mGy (16-100 mrad), lung doses from 0.90 to 4.2 mGy (90-420 mrad), and active bone marrow doses from 0.81 to 5.4 mGy (81-540 mrad). C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,DEPT RADIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP SULEIMAN, OH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF TRAINING & ASSISTANCE 9HFZ240,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD MAR PY 1991 VL 178 IS 3 BP 653 EP 658 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA EY097 UT WOS:A1991EY09700013 PM 1994397 ER PT J AU DAFT, JL AF DAFT, JL TI FUMIGANTS AND RELATED CHEMICALS IN FOODS - REVIEW OF RESIDUE FINDINGS, CONTAMINATION SOURCES, AND ANALYTICAL METHODS SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION; GRAIN-BASED PRODUCTS; ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE RESIDUES; TABLE-READY FOODS; METHYL-BROMIDE; TRAP METHOD; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; VOLATILE HALOCARBONS; WHOLE GRAINS; CITRUS-FRUIT AB Public concern over chemical residues in foods increased in the United States during the early 1980's. Potentially hazardous levels of ethylene dibromide (EDB), a relatively non-volatile fumigant, were detected in several finished grain-based products by governmental food-monitoring laboratories. As a result, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency banned the use of EDB as a fumigant in 1983. Commercial fumigators then began using more of the highly volatile chemicals such as methyl bromide and phosphine. These chemicals are less likely to leave residues on stored crops than the previously used fumigants such as EDB, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride. However, trace residues of many pest-control fumigants and related industrial chemicals are currently found in assorted foods. This contamination may come from the original fumigation of stored crops, or from the industrial chemicals occurring in the environment and in food processing chains. No potential health problem is indicated at this time. Yet scientists continue to uncover the sources of this chemical contamination, and to develop better methods to monitor foods for it. They also seek better ways to protect foodstuffs from pests prior to human consumption. RP DAFT, JL (reprint author), US DEPT HHS,FOOD & DRUG ADM,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 137 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD MAR PY 1991 VL 100 BP 501 EP 518 DI 10.1016/0048-9697(91)90390-Z PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA FD260 UT WOS:A1991FD26000023 PM 2063187 ER PT J AU POTHULURI, JV WHITNEY, DA KISSEL, DE AF POTHULURI, JV WHITNEY, DA KISSEL, DE TI RESIDUAL VALUE OF FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS IN SELECTED KANSAS SOILS SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHATE; WHEAT AB Quantification of the factors affecting availability of applied P in soils would improve fertilizer-P recommendations for maximum P efficiency. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine the soil-test P drawdown with cropping, apparent fertilizer-P recovery, and plant-available P in selected Kansas soils. The 55 soils (0-15 cm layer), which ranged widely in soil-test P concentrations and other properties, received either no P or 100 mg P kg-1 soil. Soils were cropped sequentially with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and 'Honey Chow' hybrid sorghum-sudan (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench). Linear P drawdown slopes (Bray and Kurtz no. 1 P/Cumulative P removal) for 20 unfertilized soils (initial Bray and Kurtz no. 1 P, > 28.0 mg P kg-1) were less than those for the same fertilized soils. The P drawdown rate for soils already high in indigenous available P was 1.4 to 1.8 times greater with P fertilization than without. Apparent fertilizer-P recovery (fertilized - unfertilized P uptake/fertilizer P added) for 48 noncalcareous soils was from 8 to 67%. Initial Bray and Kurtz no. 1 P concentration alone accurately predicted the plant-available P until the soil test dropped to 15 mg kg-1 for 23 unfertilized soils (R2 = 0.83). The R2 increased to 0.91 when interacting variables of organic matter and silt were included. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT AGRON,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP POTHULURI, JV (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1991 VL 55 IS 2 BP 399 EP 404 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA FZ632 UT WOS:A1991FZ63200018 ER PT J AU PLOWCHALK, DR MATTISON, DR AF PLOWCHALK, DR MATTISON, DR TI PHOSPHORAMIDE MUSTARD IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OVARIAN TOXICITY OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METABOLITES; RAT; ACROLEIN; INVITRO; ALCOHOL; BENZO(A)PYRENE; GLUTATHIONE; LYMPHOCYTES; MICROSOMES; NSC-26271 C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV DEV & REPROD TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RI Mattison, Donald/C-2015-2009; Mattison, Donald/L-4661-2013 OI Mattison, Donald/0000-0001-5623-0874 NR 39 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAR 1 PY 1991 VL 107 IS 3 BP 472 EP 481 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90310-B PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA EZ947 UT WOS:A1991EZ94700008 PM 2000634 ER PT J AU RAZZAQUE, A ZHU, F JONES, C AF RAZZAQUE, A ZHU, F JONES, C TI FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMING REGION-II (MTRII) SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID GENE-EXPRESSION; VIRUS; DNA; ASSAY C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,CTR BIOTECHNOL,DEPT PEDIAT RADIOL,LINCOLN,NE 68583. RP RAZZAQUE, A (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,DNA VIRUS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR PY 1991 VL 181 IS 1 BP 399 EP 402 DI 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90513-B PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA EW942 UT WOS:A1991EW94200050 PM 1847262 ER PT J AU SCHEVING, LE TSAI, TH SCHEVING, LA FEUERS, RJ AF SCHEVING, LE TSAI, TH SCHEVING, LA FEUERS, RJ TI THE POTENTIAL OF USING THE NATURAL RHYTHMICITY OF CELL-PROLIFERATION IN IMPROVING CANCER-CHEMOTHERAPY IN RODENTS SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID SYNTHESIS; ADULT MALE-MOUSE; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; CORNEAL EPITHELIUM; DNA-SYNTHESIS; ACTH 1-17; THYMIDINE INCORPORATION; MITOTIC INDEX; BONE-MARROW C1 JOHN L MCCLELLAN MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT MED,STANFORD,CA 94305. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SCHEVING, LE (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT ANAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. NR 111 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD FEB 28 PY 1991 VL 618 BP 182 EP 227 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb27246.x PG 46 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FQ403 UT WOS:A1991FQ40300015 PM 2006787 ER PT J AU COLLINS, JM AF COLLINS, JM TI PHARMACOKINETIC ASPECTS OF ARTERIAL FLUOROPYRIMIDINE DELIVERY SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article RP COLLINS, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,HFD-401,PARKLAWN 13B21,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD FEB 28 PY 1991 VL 618 BP 345 EP 349 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb27254.x PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FQ403 UT WOS:A1991FQ40300023 PM 1826076 ER PT J AU HARTER, JG PECK, CC AF HARTER, JG PECK, CC TI CHRONOBIOLOGY - SUGGESTIONS FOR INTEGRATING IT INTO DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article RP HARTER, JG (reprint author), US FDA,DIV ONCOL,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROOM 9B-45,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 12 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD FEB 28 PY 1991 VL 618 BP 563 EP 571 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb27276.x PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FQ403 UT WOS:A1991FQ40300045 PM 2006810 ER PT J AU DELOOF, H HARVEY, SC SEGREST, JP PASTOR, RW AF DELOOF, H HARVEY, SC SEGREST, JP PASTOR, RW TI MEAN FIELD STOCHASTIC BOUNDARY MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF A PHOSPHOLIPID IN A MEMBRANE SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; LIPID MONOLAYERS; BILAYER-MEMBRANE; MODEL MEMBRANES; CHAIN; RELAXATION; TRANSITIONS; DISORDER; CONFORMATION AB Computer simulations of phospholipid membranes have been carried out by using a combined approach of molecular and stochastic dynamics and mean field based on the Marcelja model. First, the single-chain mean field simulations of Pastor et al. [(1988) J. Chem. Phys. 89,1112-1127] were extended to a complete dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine molecule; a 102-ns Langevin dynamics simulation is presented and compared with experiment. Subsequently, a hexagonally packed seven-lipid array was simulated with Langevin dynamics and a mean field at the boundary and with molecular dynamics (and no mean field) in the center. This hybrid method, mean field stochastic boundary molecular dynamics, reduces bias introduced by the mean field and eliminates the need for periodic boundary conditions. As a result, simulations extending to tens of nanoseconds may be carried out by using a relatively small number of molecules to model the membrane environment. Preliminary results of a 20-ns simulation are reported here. A wide range of motions, including overall reorientation with a nanosecond decay time, is observed in both simulations, and good agreement with NMR, IR, and neutron diffraction data is found. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT BIOCHEM,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV ALABAMA,ATHEROSCLEROSIS RES UNIT,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI De Loof, Hans/B-8504-2008 OI De Loof, Hans/0000-0003-4488-551X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-34343]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-34015] NR 45 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD FEB 26 PY 1991 VL 30 IS 8 BP 2099 EP 2113 DI 10.1021/bi00222a015 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EZ602 UT WOS:A1991EZ60200015 PM 1998672 ER PT J AU MOULD, AP KOMORIYA, A YAMADA, KM HUMPHRIES, MJ AF MOULD, AP KOMORIYA, A YAMADA, KM HUMPHRIES, MJ TI THE CS5 PEPTIDE IS A 2ND SITE IN THE IIICS REGION OF FIBRONECTIN RECOGNIZED BY THE INTEGRIN ALPHA-4-BETA-1 - INHIBITION OF ALPHA-4-BETA-1 FUNCTION BY RGD PEPTIDE HOMOLOGS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ARG-GLY-ASP; HUMAN-PLASMA FIBRONECTIN; CELL-BINDING DOMAIN; CONNECTING SEGMENT; ADHESION RECEPTOR; DIVALENT-CATIONS; MESSENGER-RNAS; BETA-SUBUNIT; GAMMA-CHAIN; IDENTIFICATION AB The alternatively spliced type III connecting segment (IIICS) region of fibronectin contains two distinct sites that support the adhesion of melanoma cells. These sites are contained within the synthetic peptides CS1 and CS5 (residues 1-25 and 90-109 of the IIICS, respectively). Recently, the cellular receptor for the CS1 site has been identified as the integrin heterodimer alpha-4-beta-1. In this report, we have investigated the role of the CS5 sequence in melanoma cell adhesion and the identity of its receptor. Adhesion to CS5, when presented to cells as an immobilized IgG conjugate, was blocked by antifunctional monoclonal antibodies directed against either the alpha-4 or beta-1-integrin subunits, but not by antibodies against other subunits, implying that alpha-4-beta-1 is also the receptor for CS5. In peptide inhibition experiments, CS5 was inhibitory for melanoma cell spreading on both CS5-IgG and CS1-IgG conjugates; conversely, CS1 inhibited spreading on both CS1-IgG and CS5-IgG. In both cases, peptide inhibition could be outcompeted by increasing the concentration of substrate-bound conjugate. These results suggest that CS1 and CS5 are recognized by the same or overlapping sites on alpha-4-beta-1. The minimal active sequence within CS5, the tetrapeptide Arg-Glu-Asp-Val (REDV), is somewhat related to the Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) sequence that represents a major active site in the central cell-binding domain (CCBD) of fibronectin. When RGDS peptide homologues were tested for their ability to inhibit spreading of melanoma cells on CS1- and CS5-IgG conjugates, GRGDS, GRGES, and REDV were found to be inhibitory, while GRDGS had no effect. In contrast, spreading on a fibronectin fragment containing the CCBD was inhibited by GRGDS only. GRGDS was also able to elute alpha-4-beta-1 specifically from a CS1 affinity column, confirming directly that alpha-4-beta-1-IIICS interactions are sensitive to peptides containing this recognition motif. Because the minimal active sequence within CS1 is the tripeptide Leu-Asp-Val (LDV; Komoriya et al., manuscript submitted for publication), these findings together define a new adhesive recognition sequence, X-Asp-Y, used by alpha-4-beta-1 for binding to fibronectin. The central aspartate residue in this tripeptide is almost always essential, but some flexibility in the amino acid residues at X (glycine, leucine, or glutamic acid) and Y (serine or valine) is tolerated. Potential models for the interaction of the IIICS region with alpha-4-beta-1 are discussed. C1 NCI,MOLEC BIOL LAB,MEMBRANE BIOCHEM SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP MOULD, AP (reprint author), UNIV MANCHESTER,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,MANCHESTER M13 9PT,LANCS,ENGLAND. FU Wellcome Trust NR 56 TC 211 Z9 212 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 25 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 6 BP 3579 EP 3585 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EY682 UT WOS:A1991EY68200038 PM 1750929 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW CONTRACEPTIVE IMPLANT SYSTEM APPROVED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 7 BP 847 EP 847 DI 10.1001/jama.265.7.847 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EX587 UT WOS:A1991EX58700010 PM 1899454 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI SHILEY HEART-VALVE PHYSICIAN AND PATIENT NOTIFICATION PROGRAM SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 7 BP 847 EP 847 DI 10.1001/jama.265.7.847 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EX587 UT WOS:A1991EX58700011 PM 1899454 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW LABELING FOR SODIUM-NITROPRUSSIDE EMPHASIZES RISK OF CYANIDE TOXICITY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 7 BP 847 EP 847 DI 10.1001/jama.265.7.847 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EX587 UT WOS:A1991EX58700009 PM 1899454 ER PT J AU FRADKIN, JE SCHONBERGER, LB MILLS, JL GUNN, WJ PIPER, JM WYSOWSKI, DK THOMSON, R DURAKO, S BROWN, P AF FRADKIN, JE SCHONBERGER, LB MILLS, JL GUNN, WJ PIPER, JM WYSOWSKI, DK THOMSON, R DURAKO, S BROWN, P TI CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE IN PITUITARY GROWTH-HORMONE RECIPIENTS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; FRANCE AB To assess the magnitude of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) occurrence among recipients of pituitary-derived human growth hormone (HGH), we conducted an epidemiologic follow-up of 6284 recipients of HGH distributed through the National Hormone and Pituitary Program. Seven neuropathologically confirmed cases of CJD have occurred in this population to date: six patients with clinical CJD presented with ataxia and imbalance, rather than with altered mentation, which is the most common initial manifestation in sporadic CJD, and one patient died in the preclinical incubation state of the disease. All seven cases occurred among the nearly 700 HGH recipients who started therapy before 1970. Since only 10% of the cohort has been followed up for the 15-year average incubation interval from midpoint of HGH treatment to onset of symptoms, the great majority of potentially exposed patients have not yet attained the requisite incubation period for expression of CJD. The median duration of HGH therapy of 100 months in the CJD cases was significantly longer than 41 months for all patients starting treatment before 1970; thus, the duration of pituitary HGH therapy is a major risk factor for CJD. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. WESTAT CORP,ROCKVILLE,MD. NINCDS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP FRADKIN, JE (reprint author), NIDDKD,ENDOCRINOL & METAB DIS PROGRAMS BRANCH,WESTWOOD BLDG,ROOM 603,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 28 TC 121 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 20 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 7 BP 880 EP 884 DI 10.1001/jama.265.7.880 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EX587 UT WOS:A1991EX58700039 PM 1992185 ER PT J AU SMITH, MJ MAZZOLA, EP FARRELL, TJ SPHON, JA PAGE, SW ASHLEY, D SIRIMANNE, SR HILL, RH NEEDHAM, LL AF SMITH, MJ MAZZOLA, EP FARRELL, TJ SPHON, JA PAGE, SW ASHLEY, D SIRIMANNE, SR HILL, RH NEEDHAM, LL TI 1,1'-ETHYLIDENEBIS(L-TRYPTOPHAN), STRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF CONTAMINANT-97 - IMPLICATED IN THE EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME (EMS) SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The condensation of tryptophan and acetaldehyde affords a bisindolylaminal of tryptophan which is indistinguishable from contaminant "97". The formation and decomposition of aminals is addressed in light of epidemiological evidence linking them to a recent outbreak of EMS. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,FOOD FORMULAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH & INJURY CONTROL,TOXICOL BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP SMITH, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,NAT PROD & INSTRUMENTAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 19 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD FEB 18 PY 1991 VL 32 IS 8 BP 991 EP 994 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)74469-8 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA EZ574 UT WOS:A1991EZ57400003 ER PT J AU KETTERER, B MEYER, DJ LALOR, E JOHNSON, P GUENGERICH, FP DISTLERATH, LM REILLY, PEB KADLUBAR, FF FLAMMANG, TJ YAMAZOE, Y BEAUNE, PH AF KETTERER, B MEYER, DJ LALOR, E JOHNSON, P GUENGERICH, FP DISTLERATH, LM REILLY, PEB KADLUBAR, FF FLAMMANG, TJ YAMAZOE, Y BEAUNE, PH TI A COMPARISON OF LEVELS OF GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES, CYTOCHROMES-P450 AND ACETYLTRANSFERASES IN HUMAN LIVERS SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Note ID OXIDATIVE DRUG-METABOLISM; S-TRANSFERASE; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; AROMATIC-AMINES; O-DEETHYLATION; N-ACETYLATION; PHENACETIN; CYTOCHROME-P-450; PURIFICATION; DEBRISOQUINE C1 KINGS COLL,SCH MED & DENT,LIVER UNIT,LONDON SE5 8RX,ENGLAND. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. KEIO UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,TOKYO 160,JAPAN. FAC MED NECKER ENFANTS MALAD,F-75730 PARIS,FRANCE. RP KETTERER, B (reprint author), UNIV COLL & MIDDLESEX SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,CANC RES CAMPAIGN,MOLEC TOXICOL RES GRP,LONDON W1P 6DB,ENGLAND. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 41 IS 4 BP 635 EP 638 DI 10.1016/0006-2952(91)90639-M PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EY751 UT WOS:A1991EY75100024 PM 1997010 ER PT J AU MAGENDZO, K SHIRVAN, A CULTRARO, C SRIVASTAVA, M POLLARD, HB BURNS, AL AF MAGENDZO, K SHIRVAN, A CULTRARO, C SRIVASTAVA, M POLLARD, HB BURNS, AL TI ALTERNATIVE SPLICING OF HUMAN SYNEXIN MESSENGER-RNA IN BRAIN, CARDIAC, AND SKELETAL-MUSCLE ALTERS THE UNIQUE N-TERMINAL DOMAIN SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHROMAFFIN GRANULES; MEMBRANE-FUSION; PHOSPHOLIPID-BINDING; SHAKER LOCUS; CALCIUM; PROTEIN; GENE; DIVERSITY; FAMILY; POLYADENYLATION AB Several synexin (annexin VII) mRNAs have been identified by screening a human fibroblast cDNA library. One type of message contained an alternatively spliced cassette exon, predicting two isoforms of synexin differing in the N-terminal domain. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of synexin mRNA from various fetal and adult tissues, from human and monkey, revealed that the alternative splicing event is tissue-regulated; synexin mRNA containing the cassette exon is prevalent in brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. This is supported by Western blot analysis showing that muscle synexin (annexin VIIb) is larger than synexin from lung (annexin VIIa). The muscle and lung isoforms have the same molecular mass as the recombinant synexins expressed in Escherichia coli using cDNAs containing or lacking the cassette exon, respectively. The difference in size is consistent with the molecular masses predicted from the proteins encoded by the alternatively spliced synexin mRNAs. Another type of synexin mRNA contained a longer 3'-noncoding region generated by the selection of an alternate poly(A) signal. Northern analysis of human fibroblast RNA showed the presence of two bands (2.0- and 2.4-kilobase) when hybridized to a cDNA fragment of the coding region of synexin, but only the 2.4-kilobase band hybridized to a probe made from the longer 3' end. C1 NIDDK,CELL BIOL & GENET LAB,BLDG 8,RM 403,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV CARDIORENAL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 34 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 5 BP 3228 EP 3232 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EX600 UT WOS:A1991EX60000084 PM 1825209 ER PT J AU BROWN, ND PHILLIPS, LR LEADER, H CHIANG, PK AF BROWN, ND PHILLIPS, LR LEADER, H CHIANG, PK TI ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BETA-HYDROXYETHYLAPROPHEN - A URINARY METABOLITE OF APROPHEN IN RATS SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Note AB The metabolism of the anticholinergic drug aprophen was studied in rats after oral administration via stomach intubation. Beta-Hydroxyethylaprophen, a major urinary metabolite of aprophen, was isolated and identified by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and electron ionization mass spectrometry. More than 22% of the parent drug was recovered and quantified over a 72-h collection period. Results show that 2,2-diphenylpropionic acid, another major metabolite of aprophen which lacks anti-cholinergic properties, was also isolated and identified in this study. Experiments are currently underway to synthesize and test the anticholinergic properties of beta-hydroxyethylaprophen in mammals. C1 US FDA,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BROWN, ND (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV BIOCHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR-BIOMED JI J. Chromatogr.-Biomed. Appl. PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 563 IS 2 BP 466 EP 471 DI 10.1016/0378-4347(91)80057-J PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA FB508 UT WOS:A1991FB50800027 PM 2056011 ER PT J AU TRIPATHI, AK TAPLITS, M PURI, J HOFFMAN, T AF TRIPATHI, AK TAPLITS, M PURI, J HOFFMAN, T TI DOWN-REGULATION OF SURFACE FCRI AND DECREASE IN ANTIBODY-DEPENDENT CELLULAR CYTOTOXICITY OF CULTURED MONOCYTES - REVERSAL BY MONENSIN OR CYTOCHALASIN-D SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEDIATED CYTO-TOXICITY; ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; SENSITIZED ERYTHROCYTES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; EFFECTOR-CELLS; TARGET-CELLS; TUMOR-CELLS; RECEPTORS; MECHANISMS AB To investigate the mechanisms involved in regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by human monocytes, Cr-51-labeled sheep red blood cells (RBC) were used as target cells in vitro. Monocytes incubated overnight at 37-degrees-C before addition of SRBC and antibody exhibited a significant decrease in ADCC activity compared with freshly isolated cells. This pattern was observed with monocytes from all donors tested, regardless of the media used for culture. Supernatants from monocyte cultures did not inhibit the cytotoxic ability of fresh monocytes and cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, could not reverse ADCC suppression in cultured monocytes, indicating that the alteration in ADCC is probably not due to inhibitory molecules secreted or synthesized during incubation. A correlation between the decrease in the number of surface FcRI and loss in ADCC ability of cultured monocytes was found. One mechanism for the reduced FcRI expression of 1-day-old monocytes may be rapid internalization that exceeds the rate of reexpression, because cytochalasin-D or monensin, each of which inhibits receptor internalization, maintained FcR expression as well as ADCC ability of cultured monocytes. These data illustrate mechanisms whereby alteration in the number of receptors may underlie loss of receptor-mediated functions, or be involved in augmentation of their biologic activity. The findings that important monocyte functions change under conditions of storage or culture have relevance to in vitro testing of various immune functions of monocytes performed clinically to monitor or guide therapy. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 4 BP 1309 EP 1315 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA EW681 UT WOS:A1991EW68100035 PM 1991969 ER PT J AU FINBLOOM, DS HOOVER, DL MELTZER, MS AF FINBLOOM, DS HOOVER, DL MELTZER, MS TI BINDING OF RECOMBINANT HIV COAT PROTEIN GP120 TO HUMAN MONOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; AIDS RETROVIRUS; INFECTION; CD4; RECEPTOR; CELLS; MACROPHAGES AB Inasmuch as the exact level of CD4 Ag expression on macrophages is controversial and because HIV may interact with macrophages in a manner different from that on T cells, we analyzed the binding of gp120 to freshly isolated and cultured monocytes. rgp120 was iodinated using the lactoperoxidase method to a sp. act. of 600 Ci/mmol. Highly purified monocytes (> 90%) were isolated from the leukapheresed blood of normal volunteers by Ficoll-Hypaque sedimentation followed by countercurrent centrifugal elutriation and cultured 7 days in DMEM supplemented with 1000 U/ml macrophage CSF in 10% human serum. Whereas MOLT/4 cells consistently bound freshly prepared I-125-rgp120 at 80% specificity with 5100 +/- 700 mol/cell, MCSF cultured monocytes bound rgp120 at only 0 to 20% specificity and 420 +/- 200 mol/cell. Most of the radioactivity bound by these cells could not be blocked by the addition of unlabeled rgp120. In contrast, the U937 myeloid cell line bound rgp120 with 50% specificity and about 2500 mol/cell. Whereas the antibody OKT4a (anti-CD4) blocked 80% of the binding on MOLT/4 cells and 50% on U937 cells, binding was only inhibited on the average of 6% on cultured monocytes. When soluble rCD4 was used as an inhibitor, binding to MOLT/4 cells was blocked by 80%. In contrast, binding to cultured monocytes was inhibited by 28%. HIV infectivity was blocked by similar concentrations of OKT4a. These observations suggest that although most binding of gp120 to cultured monocytes is not to the CD4 determinant, several hundred molecules do bind to a CD4-like molecule which promotes virus entry and replication. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT CELLULAR IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP FINBLOOM, DS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 24 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 15 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 4 BP 1316 EP 1321 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA EW681 UT WOS:A1991EW68100036 PM 1991970 ER PT J AU RUDD, KE MILLER, W WERNER, C OSTELL, J TOLSTOSHEV, C SATTERFIELD, SG AF RUDD, KE MILLER, W WERNER, C OSTELL, J TOLSTOSHEV, C SATTERFIELD, SG TI MAPPING SEQUENCED ESCHERICHIA-COLI GENES BY COMPUTER - SOFTWARE, STRATEGIES AND EXAMPLES SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; DICITRATE TRANSPORT-SYSTEM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NITRATE REDUCTASE; LINKAGE MAP; NAR OPERON; PROTEIN; K-12; CLONING; IDENTIFICATION AB Methods are presented for organizing and integrating DNA sequence data, restriction maps, and genetic maps for the same organism but from a variety of sources (databases, publications, personal communications). Proper software tools are essential for successful organization of such diverse data into an ordered, cohesive body of information, and a suite of novel software to support this endeavor is described. Though these tools automate much of the task, a variety of strategies is needed to cope with recalcitrant cases. We describe such strategies and illustrate their application with numerous examples. These strategies have allowed us to order, analyze, and display over one megabase of E. coli DNA sequence information. The integration task often exposes inconsistencies in the available data, perhaps caused by strain polymorphisms or human oversight, necessitating the application of sound biological judgment. The examples illustrate both the level of expertise required of the database curator and the knowledge gained as apparent inconsistencies are resolved. The software and mapping methods are applicable to the study of any genome for which a high resolution restriction map is available. They were developed to support a weakly coordinated sequencing effort involving many laboratories, but would also be useful for highly orchestrated sequencing projects. C1 NIH,NATL LIB MED,NATL CTR BIOTECHNOL INFORMAT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. YESHIVA UNIV ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,BRONX,NY 10461. RP RUDD, KE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU NLM NIH HHS [R01 LM5110] NR 64 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 11 PY 1991 VL 19 IS 3 BP 637 EP 647 DI 10.1093/nar/19.3.637 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA EY712 UT WOS:A1991EY71200032 PM 2011534 ER PT J AU GOLDING, B GOLDING, H PRESTON, S HERNANDEZ, D BEINING, PR MANISCHEWITZ, J HARVATH, L BLACKBURN, R LIZZIO, E HOFFMAN, T AF GOLDING, B GOLDING, H PRESTON, S HERNANDEZ, D BEINING, PR MANISCHEWITZ, J HARVATH, L BLACKBURN, R LIZZIO, E HOFFMAN, T TI PRODUCTION OF A NOVEL ANTIGEN BY CONJUGATION OF HIV-1 TO BRUCELLA-ABORTUS - STUDIES OF IMMUNOGENICITY, ISOTYPE ANALYSIS, T-DEPENDENCY AND SYNCYTIA INHIBITION SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 7 IS 2 BP 153 EP 153 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EY300 UT WOS:A1991EY30000054 ER PT J AU HILLMAN, K GRUBER, MF KAUFMAN, J NORCROSS, M GOLDING, H AF HILLMAN, K GRUBER, MF KAUFMAN, J NORCROSS, M GOLDING, H TI EMS-INDUCED CEM SUBCLONES WITH REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HIV 1 INFECTION DEMONSTRATE PARTIAL BLOCKADE OF THEIR PKC MEDIATED SIGNALING PATHWAY SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 7 IS 2 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EY300 UT WOS:A1991EY30000150 ER PT J AU THOMAS, JC BENDANA, NS WATERMAN, SH RATHBUN, M ARAKERE, G FRASCH, CE WENGER, JD MAGSOMBOL, V CLARK, JH AF THOMAS, JC BENDANA, NS WATERMAN, SH RATHBUN, M ARAKERE, G FRASCH, CE WENGER, JD MAGSOMBOL, V CLARK, JH TI RISK-FACTORS FOR CARRIAGE OF MENINGOCOCCUS IN THE LOS-ANGELES-COUNTY MENS JAIL SYSTEM SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRISONERS; RISK FACTORS ID NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VACCINATION AB Ten cases of meningococcal meningitis in the Los Angeles County men's jail system in 1986 were the first known reported cases in this population. New cases have continued into 1990. Nineteen of 21 symptomatic cases identified by serogroup from the men's jail occurring through 1988 had serogroup C. The prevalence of meningococcal carriage and potential risk factors were studied in 1988 among 150 men booked to enter the jail, 350 inmates being released, and 100 jail staff. The prevalence of meningococcal carriage among releases, bookings, and staff were 25.4%, 18.7%, and 5.0%, respectively. Among releases, imprisonment longer than a threshold of 28 days increased carriage of serogroup C 10.0 times (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.6-21.6). Among bookings, household crowding increased serogroup C carriage 8.2 times (95% CI 1.5-45.3). Direct and passive smoking at home increased carriage of any serogroup 5.2 (95% CI 1.2-47.5) and 2.5 (95% CI 1.1-5.8) times, respectively. Feasible potential interventions include banning smoking in the jail and immunization with quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine of booked men sentenced for one month or more. C1 LOS ANGELES CTY DEPT HLTH SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. CTR INFECT DIS,ATLANTA,GA. LOS ANGELES CTY SHERIFFS DEPT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90012. RP THOMAS, JC (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,CB 7400,ROSENAU HALL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599, USA. NR 21 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER J EPIDEMIOLOGY PI BALTIMORE PA 624 N BROADWAY RM 225, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 133 IS 3 BP 286 EP 295 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EY297 UT WOS:A1991EY29700009 PM 2000846 ER PT J AU PETERSEN, J MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG SINGH, B YEH, I HAMBURGER, S KANKAM, M AF PETERSEN, J MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG SINGH, B YEH, I HAMBURGER, S KANKAM, M TI THE EFFECTS OF REPROCESSING CUPROPHANE AND POLYSULFONE DIALYZERS ON BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN REMOVAL FROM HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE HEMODIALYSIS; DIALYZER REUSE; BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN ID DIALYSIS MEMBRANES; BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN; REUSE; PERMEABILITY C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV BIOMETR SCI,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. STANFORD UNIV,VET ADM MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT NEPHROL,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. NR 26 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 17 IS 2 BP 174 EP 178 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA EW435 UT WOS:A1991EW43500016 PM 1992659 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, DW BUCCI, TJ BENSON, RW WARBRITTON, AR MCRAE, TA PUMFORD, NR HINSON, JA AF ROBERTS, DW BUCCI, TJ BENSON, RW WARBRITTON, AR MCRAE, TA PUMFORD, NR HINSON, JA TI IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF THE 3-(CYSTEIN-S-YL)-ACETAMINOPHEN PROTEIN ADDUCT IN ACETAMINOPHEN HEPATOTOXICITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED HEPATIC NECROSIS; LIVER PROTEINS; COVALENT BINDING; BENZOQUINONE IMINE; FORMED INVITRO; PARACETAMOL; GLUTATHIONE; OXIDATION; MICE; QUANTITATION AB Acetaminophen overdose causes severe hepatotoxicity in humans and laboratory animals, presumably by metabolism to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine: and binding to cysteine groups as 3-(cystein-S-yl)acetaminophen-protein adduct. Antiserum specific for the adduct was used immunohistochemically to demonstrate the formation, distribution, and concentration of this specific adduct in livers of treated mice and was correlated with cell injury as a function of dose and time. Within the liver lobule, immunohistochemically demonstrable adduct occurred in a temporally progressive, central-to-peripheral pattern. There was concordance between immunohistochemical staining and quantification of the adduct in hepatic 10,000g supernate, using a quantitative particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay. Findings include: 1) immunochemically detectable adduct before the appearance of centrilobular necrosis, 2) distinctive lobular zones of adduct localization with subsequent depletion during the progression of toxicity, 3) drug-protein binding in hepatocytes at subhepatotoxic doses and before depletion of total hepatic glutathione, 4) immunohistochemical evidence of drug binding in the nucleus, and 5) adduct in metabolically active and dividing hepatocytes and in macrophagelike cells in the regenerating liver. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP ROBERTS, DW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,HFT-110,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 41 TC 142 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 138 IS 2 BP 359 EP 371 PG 13 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA EX434 UT WOS:A1991EX43400012 PM 1992763 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, GS SECHLER, JMG GALLIN, JI SHELHAMER, JH SUFFREDINI, A OGNIBENE, FP BALTARO, RJ FLEISHER, TA LEAVITT, RY TRAVIS, WD BARILE, MF TSOKOS, M HOLMAN, RP STRAUS, SE FAUCI, AS AF HOFFMAN, GS SECHLER, JMG GALLIN, JI SHELHAMER, JH SUFFREDINI, A OGNIBENE, FP BALTARO, RJ FLEISHER, TA LEAVITT, RY TRAVIS, WD BARILE, MF TSOKOS, M HOLMAN, RP STRAUS, SE FAUCI, AS TI BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE ANALYSIS IN WEGENERS GRANULOMATOSIS - A METHOD TO STUDY DISEASE PATHOGENESIS SO AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LUNG-DISEASE; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; INFLAMMATION; NEUTROPHILS; DIAGNOSIS; SERUM AB A prospective analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 13 patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), 20 disease control subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and 24 normal control subjects was conducted to (1) evaluate the quality of the alveolar inflammatory response associated with active WG; (2) determine whether antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) is present in alveolar fluid and produced in the lungs of patients with WG; and (3) determine whether inhaled particles or infectious agents may play an etiologic role in WG. BAL in untreated active WG had a marked increase in neutrophils (mean = 42% of total WBC count), and usually in eosinophils (mean = 4%) compared with that in normal control subjects (1.6% neutrophils, 0% eosinophils), and untreated WG in remission (5.9% neutrophils, 0% eosinophils). Disease control subjects with IPF, a process known to be associated with neutrophilic alveolitis, had an increased population of neutrophils (15.4%) and eosinophils (2.7%) in BAL. Leukocyte remnants, as well as intact leukocytes, could be identified within BAL macrophages in the patients with WG and IPF, and rarely in the normal control subjects. Normal subjects and control patients with IPF were all negative for ANCA in serum, whereas ANCA was found in serum and BAL in all patients with active WG who had generalized disease. Protein analysis of BAL revealed a disporportionate increase in the IgG to albumin ratio compared with serum values (IgG index) in patients with active untreated disease. The increase in the IgG index suggests that IgG with ANCA reactivity is produced by pulmonary lymphoid tissue. An infectious agent in BAL was not identified by any of the techniques applied in this study. If an inhaled infectious agent is responsible for the neutrophilic alveolitis of active WG, its presence is either very transient or it is an unusual organism, not identifiable by most routine or research laboratory techniques. The neutrophilia in BAL of active WG contrasts with several other granulomatous lung disease in which increased numbers of lymphocytes are noted. On the basis of observations in our control populations, phagocytosis of neutrophils by macrophages is not, by itself, sufficient to lead to ANCA production. The presence of ANCA distinguishes WG from other diseases that also have a neutrophilic alveolitis. C1 NIAID,IMMUNOREGULAT LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,CLIN INVEST LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,DEPT CRIT CARE MED,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,CTR CLIN,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,PATHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP HOFFMAN, GS (reprint author), NIH,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BLDG 10,ROOM 11B-13,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 30 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 0003-0805 J9 AM REV RESPIR DIS JI Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 143 IS 2 BP 401 EP 407 PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA EX245 UT WOS:A1991EX24500036 PM 1990960 ER PT J AU BRINDZA, LJ AF BRINDZA, LJ TI FDA REGULATION OF COMPUTERIZED CYTOLOGY DEVICES SO ANALYTICAL AND QUANTITATIVE CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY LA English DT Article AB When talking about computerized cytology devices, a "different" aspect of quality assurance must be addressed. Any medical device intended for in vitro diagnostic use in the United States must be cleared or approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): the May 28, 1976, Medical Device Amendments to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act granted authority to the FDA to regulate medical devices. The FDA regulatory process as it relates to computerized cytology devices is discussed. This includes an explanation of the differences between the two types of documents used to clear a medical device: (1) premarket notification [510(k)] and (2) premarket approval (PMA) application. Devices intended for "research use only" are also discussed. A computerized cytology device of current interest, the "automated Pap smear reader," is used as an example to further discuss performance and software considerations. RP BRINDZA, LJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV CLIN LAB DEVICES,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,1390 PICCARD DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0884-6812 J9 ANAL QUANT CYTOL JI Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 13 IS 1 BP 3 EP 6 PG 4 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA FA292 UT WOS:A1991FA29200002 PM 2025372 ER PT J AU MACKEY, EA GORDON, GE LINDSTROM, RM ANDERSON, DL AF MACKEY, EA GORDON, GE LINDSTROM, RM ANDERSON, DL TI EFFECTS OF TARGET SHAPE AND NEUTRON-SCATTERING ON ELEMENT SENSITIVITIES FOR NEUTRON-CAPTURE PROMPT GAMMA-RAY ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Results are presented for a study of the effects of neutron scattering by hydrogen on element sensitivities for in-beam neutron capture prompt gamma-ray activation analysis. In a scattering matrix, sensitivities vary as a function of both the scattering density, i.e., the number of scatterers per unit volume and the magnitude of scattering cross sections, and the target geometry, i.e., the target shape and orientation with respect to the neutron beam. Element sensitivities (counts.s-1.mg-1) increased linearly with H density (g.mL-1) for H, B, Na, Cl, K, Mn, Br, Ag, Cd, I, Sm, and Gd, measured for liquids packaged in Teflon bags. Nine of the 12 elements studied had 1.69 +/- 0.18% sensitivity enhancement per percent increase in H density. Samarium sensitivity was enhanced by only 0.54 +/- 0.07%/% H, which may indicate that neutron scattering by H causes a shift in the energy distribution of the neutrons. Manganese sensitivity was enhanced by 2.44 +/- 0.26%/% H. The enhancement of the sensitivity for H itself varied with matrix composition. For several series of disk-shaped, solid, hydrogenous targets, element sensitivities increased with decreasing target thickness until, at some limiting thickness, this trend was reversed. Consistent with theory, sensitivities measured for spherical hydrogenous targets showed no enhancement. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CTR ANALYT CHEM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP MACKEY, EA (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 8 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 63 IS 3 BP 288 EP 292 DI 10.1021/ac00003a019 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA EV495 UT WOS:A1991EV49500020 PM 1824014 ER PT J AU HURST, CJ SCHAUB, SA SOBSEY, MD FARRAH, SR GERBA, CP ROSE, JB GOYAL, SM LARKIN, EP SULLIVAN, R TIERNEY, JT OBRIEN, RT SAFFERMAN, RS MORRIS, ME WELLINGS, FM LEWIS, AL BERG, G BRITTON, PW WINTER, JA AF HURST, CJ SCHAUB, SA SOBSEY, MD FARRAH, SR GERBA, CP ROSE, JB GOYAL, SM LARKIN, EP SULLIVAN, R TIERNEY, JT OBRIEN, RT SAFFERMAN, RS MORRIS, ME WELLINGS, FM LEWIS, AL BERG, G BRITTON, PW WINTER, JA TI MULTILABORATORY EVALUATION OF METHODS FOR DETECTING ENTERIC VIRUSES IN SOILS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WASTE-WATER; SURVIVAL; ENTEROVIRUSES; SLUDGE AB Two candidate methods for the recovery and detection of viruses in soil were subjected to round robin comparative testing by members of the American Society for Testing and Materials D19:24:04:04 Subcommittee Task Group. Selection of the methods, designated ''Berg'' and ''Goyal,'' was based on results of an initial screening which indicated that both met basic criteria considered essential by the task group. Both methods utilized beef extract solutions to achieve desorption and recovery of viruses from representative soils: a fine sand soil, an organic muck soil, a sandy loam soil, and a clay loam soil. One of the two methods, Goyal, also used a secondary concentration of resulting soil eluant via low-pH organic flocculation to achieve a smaller final assay volume. Evaluation of the two methods was simultaneously performed in replicate by nine different laboratories. Each of the produced samples was divided into portions, and these were respectively subjected to quantitative viral plaque assay by both the individual, termed independent, laboratory which had done the soil processing and a single common reference laboratory, using a single cell line and passage level. The Berg method seemed to produce slightly higher virus recovery values; however, the differences in virus assay titers for samples produced by the two methods were not statistically significant (P less-than-or-equal-to 0.05) for any one of the four soils. Despite this lack of a method effect, there was a statistically significant laboratory effect exhibited by assay titers from the independent versus reference laboratories for two of the soils, sandy loam and clay loam. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. US FDA,CINCINNATI,OH 45226. EPIDEMIOL RES CTR,TAMPA,FL 33614. UNIV MINNESOTA,COLL VET MED,VET DIAGNOST LAB,ST PAUL,MN 55108. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,TUCSON,AZ 85721. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI & ENGN,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27514. USA,BIOMED RES & DEV LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21701. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT MICROBIOL,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. RP HURST, CJ (reprint author), US EPA,CINCINNATI,OH 45268, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 57 IS 2 BP 395 EP 401 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA EV647 UT WOS:A1991EV64700010 PM 1849712 ER PT J AU WOODCOCK, J SIEGEL, JP ZOON, KC MILLER, HI PAUKER, AS AF WOODCOCK, J SIEGEL, JP ZOON, KC MILLER, HI PAUKER, AS TI CETUS COMMENTARIES SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,OFF COMMISSIONER,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP WOODCOCK, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF DIRECTOR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD FEB PY 1991 VL 9 IS 2 BP 197 EP 198 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA EU722 UT WOS:A1991EU72200020 ER PT J AU FISHMAN, HM LIPICKY, RJ AF FISHMAN, HM LIPICKY, RJ TI DETERMINATION OF K+-CHANNEL RELAXATION-TIMES IN SQUID AXON MEMBRANE BY HODGKIN-HUXLEY AND BY DIRECT LINEAR-ANALYSIS SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE HODGKIN-HUXLEY ANALYSIS; RAPID ADMITTANCE ANALYSIS; K+-CHANNEL MACROKINETICS; SMALL-SIGNAL ANALYSIS; (SQUID AXON) ID POTASSIUM-ION ACCUMULATION; GIANT-AXONS; KINETICS; CONDUCTANCE; INACTIVATION; NOISE AB An assumption in the use of the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) formulation (A.L Hodgkin and A.F. Huxley, J.Physiol. 117 (1952)500) to extract kinetic parameters from ion conductance responses to step voltage changes across biological membranes is that estimates obtained from such an analysis are equivalent to those obtained by direct, small-perturbation analysis. Comparison of the estimates of the K+-conductance relaxation time, tau-n, derived from HH vs rapid, complex admittance determinations in the same squid giant axons shows significant differences for the same step changes over a 60 mV range from holding (-65 mV). The admittance determinations (2.5-5000 Hz) are shown to satisfy criteria of linear analysis (i.e., estimates are equivalent to a small-step analysis and are time invariant). The discrepancies between the two methods arise from the fact that the HH power-law description for a constant power does not yield a best fit of data over the voltage range examined and thus best estimates of tau-n are power dependent. Furthermore, the large step changes in membrane voltage may excite nonlinear modes unrelated to conductance gating that contaminate the data to which the nonlinear formulation is applied to estimate linear kinetic parameters. Thus, the long-standing assumption that application of the HH methodology and empiricism is equivalent to a direct linear analysis is not substantiated. This result suggests that in comparisons between microscopic and marcroscopic conduction data, microkinetic parameters derived from analysis of single ion-channel data should not be compared to macrokinetic parameters from a large population of the channel derived by HH analysis. C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,OFF DRUG EVALUAT 1,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP FISHMAN, HM (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,GALVESTON,TX 77550, USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-4622 J9 BIOPHYS CHEM JI Biophys. Chem. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP 177 EP 190 DI 10.1016/0301-4622(91)85020-Q PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry GA EY147 UT WOS:A1991EY14700009 PM 2059666 ER PT J AU ZHANG, WQ HUDSON, PM SOBOTKA, TJ HONG, JS TILSON, HA AF ZHANG, WQ HUDSON, PM SOBOTKA, TJ HONG, JS TILSON, HA TI EXTRACELLULAR CONCENTRATIONS OF AMINO-ACID TRANSMITTERS IN VENTRAL HIPPOCAMPUS DURING AND AFTER THE DEVELOPMENT OF KINDLING SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE KINDLING; VENTRAL HIPPOCAMPUS; BRAIN DIALYSIS; AMINO ACID ID PREPYRIFORM CORTEX; NMDA RECEPTORS; GRANULE CELLS; ASPARTATE; RELEASE; RATS; ANTAGONISTS; GLUTAMATE; SEIZURE; STIMULATION AB This study examined the possible involvement of amino acid release from ventral hippocampus in the establishment and maintenance of kindling in rats. Release of amino acids from ventral hippocampus was measured by microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. Samples were obtained by microdialysis perfusion of freely moving animals receiving deep prepiriform cortex (DPC) electrical stimulation. Samples of perfusate were collected before, during and after kindling was established. DPC kindling stimulation significantly increased concentrations of glutamate (Glu) and glycine (Gly) in perfusate from ventral hippocampus during kindling. Increased basal release of Glu was evident up to 30 days after the last electrical stimulation. We conclude that release of Glu and Gly in the ventral hippocampus may play an important role during establishment, but not in maintenance of kindling. C1 NIEHS,MOLEC & INTEGRAT NEUROSCI LAB,POB 12233,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 37 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 540 IS 1-2 BP 315 EP 318 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(91)90527-3 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA EY794 UT WOS:A1991EY79400042 PM 1675918 ER PT J AU LIEBERMAN, R KATZPER, M PECK, C AF LIEBERMAN, R KATZPER, M PECK, C TI PK COMPARTMENTAL (COM) MODELING AND DOSE (D) REGIMEN (REG) ANALYSIS FOR CONCENTRATION CONTROLLED TRIALS (CCT) OF SURAMIN (SUR) IN CANCER (CA) USING DIFFERENCE EQUATION SIMULATION (DES) SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 123 EP 123 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000002 ER PT J AU DOCKENS, RC HARTER, JG PECK, CC AF DOCKENS, RC HARTER, JG PECK, CC TI APPARENT DOSE-DEPENDENT PHARMACODYNAMICS (PD) OF NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUG (NSAID) ANALGESIA SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000005 ER PT J AU PECK, CC BASHAW, D DOCKENS, R HARTER, J AF PECK, CC BASHAW, D DOCKENS, R HARTER, J TI INDIVIDUALIZATION OF DOSE - DEVELOPMENT OF DOSING RECOMMENDATIONS BASED UPON PATIENT FACTOR-ANALYSIS, A WORTHY GOAL OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000006 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, C HARTER, JG SOUTHAM, M AF WRIGHT, C HARTER, JG SOUTHAM, M TI POST-HOC PHARMACODYNAMIC ANALYSIS BY BLOOD LEVEL STRATIFICATION SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. ALZA CORP,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000040 ER PT J AU VELAGAPUDI, RB MEYER, MC STRAUGHN, AB JARVI, EJ VISWANATHAN, CT AF VELAGAPUDI, RB MEYER, MC STRAUGHN, AB JARVI, EJ VISWANATHAN, CT TI PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF DIAZEPAM IN ACHLORHYDRIC SUBJECTS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR HLTH SCI,COLL PHARM,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000052 ER PT J AU RINSLER, S STADEL, B HARTER, J AF RINSLER, S STADEL, B HARTER, J TI APPARENT INTRACLASS DIFFERENCES IN REPORTS TO THE FDA ADVERSE DRUG REACTION (ADR) DATABASE SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 150 EP 150 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000109 ER PT J AU LIEBERMAN, R KATZPER, M COOPER, M MYERS, C BURKE, G SANANTHANAN, L PECK, C AF LIEBERMAN, R KATZPER, M COOPER, M MYERS, C BURKE, G SANANTHANAN, L PECK, C TI BAYESIAN (BAY) PK CONCENTRATION CONTROLLED TRIALS (CCT) OF SURAMIN (SUR) ANTICANCER THERAPY SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000128 ER PT J AU KEARNS, GL KLETZEL, M WELLS, T THOMPSON, H AF KEARNS, GL KLETZEL, M WELLS, T THOMPSON, H TI PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) OF HIGH-DOSE THIOTEPA-(T) IN CHILDREN SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 161 EP 161 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000154 ER PT J AU NELSON, RC PECK, CC AF NELSON, RC PECK, CC TI CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGY TRAINING AT FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 49 IS 2 BP 174 EP 174 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EZ620 UT WOS:A1991EZ62000205 ER PT J AU HSU, HH WRIGHT, TL LAKE, JR FEINSTONE, SM GREENBERG, HB AF HSU, HH WRIGHT, TL LAKE, JR FEINSTONE, SM GREENBERG, HB TI ACUTE FULMINANT NON-A, NON-B HEPATITIS IS NOT CAUSED BY THE HEPATITIS-C VIRUS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 39 IS 1 BP A27 EP A27 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA ET786 UT WOS:A1991ET78600150 ER PT J AU FIRESTONE, D STIER, RF BLUMENTHAL, MM AF FIRESTONE, D STIER, RF BLUMENTHAL, MM TI REGULATION OF FRYING FATS AND OILS SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEATED FATS; ANALYTICAL THOROUGH; QUALITY C1 LIBRA LABS INC,RES,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. LIBRA LABS INC,MFG QUAL SERV,EMERYVILLE,CA 94608. RP FIRESTONE, D (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 60 TC 83 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 6 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 45 IS 2 BP 90 EP 94 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA EX384 UT WOS:A1991EX38400009 ER PT J AU MATTISON, DR BLANN, E MALEK, A AF MATTISON, DR BLANN, E MALEK, A TI PHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS DURING PREGNANCY - IMPACT ON TOXICOKINETICS SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 29TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOC OF TOXICOLOGY : APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS IN DEVELOPMENT TOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT CY FEB 12-16, 1990 CL MIAMI BEACH, FL SP SOC TOXICOL, REPRODUCT & DEV SPECIALTY SECT C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV BERN,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,CH-3000 BERN,SWITZERLAND. RP MATTISON, DR (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204, USA. RI Mattison, Donald/C-2015-2009; Mattison, Donald/L-4661-2013 OI Mattison, Donald/0000-0001-5623-0874 NR 9 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 16 IS 2 BP 215 EP 218 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(91)90103-B PG 4 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA EX314 UT WOS:A1991EX31400002 PM 2055350 ER PT J AU YOUNG, JF AF YOUNG, JF TI CORRELATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC DATA WITH END-POINTS OF DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 29TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOC OF TOXICOLOGY : APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS IN DEVELOPMENT TOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT CY FEB 12-16, 1990 CL MIAMI BEACH, FL SP SOC TOXICOL, REPRODUCT & DEV SPECIALTY SECT RP YOUNG, JF (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 16 IS 2 BP 222 EP 224 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(91)90105-D PG 3 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA EX314 UT WOS:A1991EX31400004 PM 2055352 ER PT J AU SEAMON, K AF SEAMON, K TI EVALUATION OF RECOMBINANT GLYCOPROTEINS SO GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material RP SEAMON, K (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0282-0080 J9 GLYCOCONJUGATE J JI Glycoconjugate J. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 8 IS 1 BP 3 EP 5 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA FP271 UT WOS:A1991FP27100001 PM 1823611 ER PT J AU NICKLAS, RA AF NICKLAS, RA TI TREATMENT OF THE ELDERLY ASTHMATIC PATIENT WITH HEART-DISEASE SO IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC ACTIVITY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS; BRONCHIAL RESPONSIVENESS; BETA2-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS; NEBULIZED SALBUTAMOL; CARDIAC ANAPHYLAXIS; IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE; THEOPHYLLINE LEVELS; CORONARY-ARTERIES C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. NR 151 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0889-8561 J9 IMMUNOL ALLERGY CLIN JI Immunol. Allerg. Clin. North Am. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 11 IS 1 BP 183 EP 199 PG 17 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA EV900 UT WOS:A1991EV90000014 ER PT J AU DEVI, SJN SCHNEERSON, R EGAN, W VANN, WF ROBBINS, JB SHILOACH, J AF DEVI, SJN SCHNEERSON, R EGAN, W VANN, WF ROBBINS, JB SHILOACH, J TI IDENTITY BETWEEN POLYSACCHARIDE ANTIGENS OF MORAXELLA-NONLIQUEFACIENS, GROUP-B NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS, AND ESCHERICHIA-COLI K1 (NON-O ACETYLATED) SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; ANTISERUM AGAR; SEROGROUP IDENTIFICATION; ACID; MENINGOCOCCI; POLYSIALOGLYCOPROTEINS; PATHOGENESIS; ANTIBODY AB A surface polysaccharide antigen of Moraxella nonliquefaciens, reported to be cross-reactive with the capsular polysaccharides of group B Neisseria meningitidis and Escherichia coli K1 (K. Bovre, K. Bryn, O. Closs, N. Hagen and L.O. Froholm, NIPH Ann. 6:65-73,1983), was isolated, purified, and characterized chemically, immunologically, and by nuclear magnetic resonance. This polysaccharide was shown to be a linear homopolymer of alpha(2-->8)-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid, identical to the capsular polysaccharide of group B N. meningitidis and O-acetyl-negative variants of E. coli K1. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUGS & BIOL,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NID,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP DEVI, SJN (reprint author), NICHHD,DEV & MOLEC IMMUN LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 40 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 59 IS 2 BP 732 EP 736 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA EU973 UT WOS:A1991EU97300043 PM 1898915 ER PT J AU RUSHING, LG COOPER, WM THOMPSON, HC AF RUSHING, LG COOPER, WM THOMPSON, HC TI SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN-A AND VITAMIN-E IN RODENT FEED BY HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; HUMAN-SERUM AB A method is presented for the coextraction and simultaneous analysis of vitamins A and E from three rodent feeds (NIH-31, Masoro, and Emory Morse) formulations. The method consists of extraction of the vitamins for 16 h with ethanolic KOH containing ascorbic acid followed by partitioning into hexane and subsequent analysis by normal phase HPLC using hexane/2-propanol/glacial acetic acid (990/10/0.2) mobile phase, a 5-mu-m LC-CN column, and detection at 296 nm. Recoveries of vitamin A from NIH-31, Masoro, and Emory Morse feeds spiked at 50-mu-g/g were 95.5, 74.6, and 78.2%, respectively, while those for vitamin E spiked at 250 mu-g/g were 103, 103, and 85.2%, respectively. Ancillary data are also presented which demonstrate the stability of vitamin A alcohol and vitamin E in ethanolic KOH for as long as 21 h. Additional data are presented detailing results of analyses of five lots of NIH-31 and Masoro feeds and seven lots of Emory Morse feed as received from the supplier. RP RUSHING, LG (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,OFF RES SERV,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 8 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 39 IS 2 BP 296 EP 299 DI 10.1021/jf00002a015 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA EY456 UT WOS:A1991EY45600015 ER PT J AU SCHAEFFER, WI OLSON, LD BARILE, MF SUN, FW AF SCHAEFFER, WI OLSON, LD BARILE, MF SUN, FW TI ANALYSIS OF MYCOPLASMA-HYORHINIS DNA IN THE PRESENCE OF HOST-CELLS WITHOUT GROWING THE MYCOPLASMA AXENICALLY SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACID; GENETICS; STRAINS; GENOME AB Mycoplasma hyorhinis coisolates with the mitochondria of the cells in which it is carried as an infection. Since both mitochondria and mycoplasmas synthesize DNA by using the prokaryotic DNA polymerase gamma, the use of aphidicolin, which inhibits eukaryotic DNA polymerase alpha, allows for selective synthesis of mycoplasmal and mitochondrial DNA. The restriction patterns of mitochondria and mycoplasmas can easily be differentiated from each other in mixtures of both DNAs. Thus, it is possible to study the molecular biology of this noncultivable mycoplasma in situ rather than after growth in artificial media, with its potential genetic consequences during adjustment to axenic growth. C1 UNIV VERMONT,COLL MED,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,MYCOPLASMA LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SCHAEFFER, WI (reprint author), UNIV VERMONT,COLL AGR & LIFE SCI,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,BURLINGTON,VT 05405, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 40206] NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 173 IS 4 BP 1382 EP 1387 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EY610 UT WOS:A1991EY61000003 PM 1671671 ER PT J AU LIPPINCOTTSCHWARTZ, J GLICKMAN, J DONALDSON, JG ROBBINS, J KREIS, TE SEAMON, KB SHEETZ, MP KLAUSNER, RD AF LIPPINCOTTSCHWARTZ, J GLICKMAN, J DONALDSON, JG ROBBINS, J KREIS, TE SEAMON, KB SHEETZ, MP KLAUSNER, RD TI FORSKOLIN INHIBITS AND REVERSES THE EFFECTS OF BREFELDIN-A ON GOLGI MORPHOLOGY BY A CAMP-INDEPENDENT MECHANISM SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL-FREE SYSTEM; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; INTRACELLULAR-TRANSPORT; SECRETORY PROTEINS; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; RAT HEPATOCYTES; COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; MEMBRANES; APPARATUS AB Brefeldin A (BFA) causes rapid redistribution of Golgi proteins into the ER, leaving no definable Golgi apparatus, and blocks transport of proteins into post-Golgi compartments in the cell. In this study we follow the disassembly of the Golgi apparatus in BFA-treated, living cells labeled with NBD-ceramide and demonstrate that forskolin can both inhibit and reverse this process. Long, tubular processes labeled with NBD-ceramide were observed emerging from Golgi elements and extending out to the cell periphery in cells treated with BFA for 5 min. With longer incubations in BFA, the NBD label was dispersed in a fine reticular pattern characteristic of the ER. Treatment with forskolin inhibited these effects of BFA as well as BFA's earliest morphologic effect on the Golgi apparatus: the redistribution to the cytosol of a 110-kD Golgi peripheral membrane protein. In addition, forskolin could reverse BFA's block in protein secretion. Forskolin inhibition of BFA's effects was dose dependent and reversible. High concentrations of BFA could overcome forskolin's inhibitory effect, suggesting forskolin and BFA interact in a competitive fashion. Remarkably, in cells already exposed to BFA, forskolin could reverse BFA's effects causing the 110-kD Golgi peripheral membrane protein to reassociate with Golgi membrane and juxtanuclear Golgi complexes to reassemble. Neither membrane permeant cAMP analogues nor cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors could replicate or enhance forskolin's inhibition of BFA. 1,9-Dideoxyforskolin, which does not activate adenylyl cyclase, was equally as effective as forskolin in antagonizing BFA. A derivative of forskolin, 7-HPP-forskolin, that is less potent than forskolin at binding to adenylyl cyclase, was also equally effective as forskolin in antagonizing BFA. In contrast a similar derivative, 6-HPP-forskolin, that is equipotent with forskolin at binding to adenylyl cyclase, did not inhibit BFA's effects. These results suggest that forskolin acts as a competitive antagonist to BFA, using a cAMP-independent mechanism to prevent and reverse the morphologic effects induced by BFA. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL & PHYSIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. EUROPEAN MOLEC BIOL LAB,W-6900 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. RP LIPPINCOTTSCHWARTZ, J (reprint author), NICHHD,CELL BIOL & METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 33 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 112 IS 4 BP 567 EP 577 DI 10.1083/jcb.112.4.567 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA EX920 UT WOS:A1991EX92000005 PM 1847146 ER PT J AU RELLAHAN, BL BLUESTONE, JA HOULDEN, BA COTTERMAN, MM MATIS, LA AF RELLAHAN, BL BLUESTONE, JA HOULDEN, BA COTTERMAN, MM MATIS, LA TI JUNCTIONAL SEQUENCES INFLUENCE THE SPECIFICITY OF GAMMA/DELTA T-CELL RECEPTORS SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Note ID GAMMA; DELTA; DISTINCT; LYMPHOCYTES; THYMOCYTES; REGION; CHAIN AB T lymphocytes bearing the gamma/delta T cell receptor (TCR-gamma/delta) express a limited number of germline variable gene segments, generating receptor sequence diversity primarily through junctional mechanisms. To examine the role of V(D)J junctional sequences in antigen recognition by TCR-gamma/delta, we derived an alloreactive murine TCR-gamma/delta-+ T cell line, LKD1, specific for the I-A(d) class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule, and compared its receptor with that expressed by a previously characterized class II MHC alloreactive T cell line, LBK5, specific for I-E(k,b,s,) Ia molecules. Both LKD1 and LBK5 express receptors encoded by rearranged V-gamma-1.2J-gamma-2 and V-delta-5D-delta-2J-delta-1 gene elements, differing in sequence only in the V(D)J junctional regions of the gamma and delta genes. These results demonstrate that junctionally encoded sequences corresponding to the putative third complementarity determining region can influence the antigen specificity of TCR-gamma/delta. C1 NCI,MOLEC IMMUNOREGULAT LAB,BIOL RESPONSE PROGRAM,BLDG 560,ROOM 31-33,FREDERICK,MD 21702. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV CHICAGO,BEN MAY INST,DEPT PATHOL,COMM IMMUNOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. OI Damschroder, Melissa/0000-0001-9453-6532 FU NIAID NIH HHS [1R01 AI-26847] NR 14 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 173 IS 2 BP 503 EP 506 DI 10.1084/jem.173.2.503 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA EV175 UT WOS:A1991EV17500028 PM 1703211 ER PT J AU HARVATH, L BALKE, JA CHRISTIANSEN, NP RUSSELL, AA SKUBITZ, KM AF HARVATH, L BALKE, JA CHRISTIANSEN, NP RUSSELL, AA SKUBITZ, KM TI SELECTED ANTIBODIES TO LEUKOCYTE COMMON ANTIGEN (CD45) INHIBIT HUMAN NEUTROPHIL CHEMOTAXIS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-KILLER CELLS; N-FUCOPENTAOSE-III; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; C5A RECEPTOR; HUMAN-BLOOD; PROTEINS; MOLECULES; SURFACE; IDENTIFICATION; PHAGOCYTOSIS AB The CD45 Ag family is a group of high m.w. gly-coproteins that are expressed on the plasma membranes of all leukocytes. CD45 has protein tyrosine phosphatase activity and appears to regulate signal transduction and lymphocyte activation by specific association with receptor molecules on T and B lymphocytes. However, little is known about CD45 function in neutrophils (PMN). In this study, PMN were incubated with CD45 mAb and tested for their chemotactic responses to four unrelated chemo-attractants: FMLP, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), recombinant human C5a (C5a), and recombinant human neutrophil-activating protein-1, recently designated IL-8. A panel of CD45 mAb including and IgM mAb, AHN-12.1, and six IgG1 mAb, AHN-12, AHN-12.2, AHN-12.3 AHN-12.4, HLe-1, and KC56(T200), were tested for their effects on PMN chemotaxis. PMN chemotaxis was evaluated with two different membrane assays; one assay quantified the total number of migrating PMN and the other assayed the leading front of migrating PMN. AHN-12.1 and KC56(T200) significantly inhibited PMN chemotaxis to LTB4 and C5a. AHN-12.1 slightly inhibited PMN chemotaxis to FMLP, but KC56(T200) did not. In contrast AHN-12 and HLe-1 did not significantly inhibit PMN chemotaxis to any of the chemoattractants. None of the CD45 mAb inhibited PMN chemotaxis to neutrophil-activating protein-1/IL-8. None of the CD45 mAb inhibited PMN superoxide production. These results suggest that PMN CD45 epitodes may interact with LTB4 and C5a receptor-associated molecules and regulate chemotactic responses. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP HARVATH, L (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,BLDG 29,ROOM 331,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 36248] NR 45 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 3 BP 949 EP 957 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA EU926 UT WOS:A1991EU92600024 PM 1671052 ER PT J AU CONNER, DP MILLORA, E ZAMANI, K NIX, D ALMIREZ, RG RHYNEKIRSCH, P PECK, CC AF CONNER, DP MILLORA, E ZAMANI, K NIX, D ALMIREZ, RG RHYNEKIRSCH, P PECK, CC TI TRANSCUTANEOUS CHEMICAL COLLECTION OF CAFFEINE IN NORMAL SUBJECTS - RELATIONSHIP TO AREA UNDER THE PLASMA CONCENTRATION-TIME CURVE AND SWEAT PRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SKIN; PHARMACOKINETICS; PERMEABILITY AB A novel transcutaneous chemical collection device (TCD) has been developed to study the phenomenon of outward transcutaneous chemical migration. The TCD is a Bandaid-like device containing an immobilized aqueous media and binding reservoir material to prevent back-transfer into the skin. This device, when placed against the skin, allows collection and quantitation of chemicals that diffuse directly through the skin from within the body. The relationship of the amount of drug collected in the TCD to the amount in the body available for collection (as represented by the area under the plasma-concentration time curve, AUC) and the effects of sweating, a potential confounding factor, on collection of drug in a TCD were studied, using caffeine as a model compound. TCD were placed on the skin of normal male volunteers. Twenty-four hours later subjects took caffeine by mouth. Blood samples were collected and TCD were removed at various times after drug intake and analyzed by HPLC for caffeine. Studies of the sweating effect were carried out in a similar manner, except that one arm of each subject was maintained at 40-degrees-C to induce local sweating, the other arm acted as a non-sweating control. The amount of caffeine collected was linearly related to the AUC. Sweating seemed to have a large (40%) contribution to transdermal collection in the early period (5.5 h) of the study, but this difference was much less (14%) at longer collection times (10 h). C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PHARMACOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP CONNER, DP (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. RI Zamani, Kaveh/A-9182-2011 NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 96 IS 2 BP 186 EP 190 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12461011 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA EV774 UT WOS:A1991EV77400006 PM 1991978 ER PT J AU PENNINGTON, JAT YOUNG, BE AF PENNINGTON, JAT YOUNG, BE TI TOTAL DIET STUDY NUTRITIONAL ELEMENTS, 1982-1989 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID MINERALS; FOODS AB Daily intakes of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, copper, and manganese for eight age-sex groups are presented for 1982 to 1989. Compared with the intakes recommended by the National Academy of Sciences, sodium intakes (which did not include discretionary salt) exceeded the estimated minimum requirements; intakes of potassium, phosphorus, selenium, and iodine were adequate for all groups; and copper intakes were low (less than 80% of the suggested intake) for all groups. In addition, calcium, magnesium, iron, and manganese were low in the diets of teenage girls; calcium, magnesium, and iron were low in the diets of adult women; calcium, magnesium, and zinc were low in the diets of older women; calcium and zinc were low in the diets of 2-year-olds; and magnesium was low in the diets of teenage boys and older men. The primary food group source for each element was dairy products for potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and iodine; grain products for sodium, iron, and manganese; and animal flesh for zinc, selenium, and copper. C1 US FDA,KANSAS CITY DIST OFF,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106. RP PENNINGTON, JAT (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 99 Z9 100 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 91 IS 2 BP 179 EP 183 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA EX242 UT WOS:A1991EX24200006 PM 1991931 ER PT J AU BILLEDEAU, SM BRYANT, MS HOLDER, CL AF BILLEDEAU, SM BRYANT, MS HOLDER, CL TI ANALYSIS OF HETEROCYCLIC AMINES USING REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION SO LC GC-MAGAZINE OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COOKED BEEF; QUANTIFICATION; PRODUCTS; MUTAGENS; IQ AB We describe a procedure for the analysis of five heterocyclic amines using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. We used a short-chain-ligand reversed-phase column with silanol de-activation to separate the free amines. No alkylamine-modified mobile phases were needed to reduce peak tailing. The method monitors the amines in the oxidative mode at +0.9 V, and the minimum detectable level of Glu-P-1 injected was 0.4 pmol. We used hydrodynamic voltammograms and k' plots at various pH values to optimize the separation and detection of the heterocyclic amines. RP BILLEDEAU, SM (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0888-9090 J9 LC GC-MAG SEP SCI JI LC GC-Mag. Sep. Sci. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 9 IS 2 BP 116 EP & PG 0 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA EW585 UT WOS:A1991EW58500005 ER PT J AU SWIERENGA, SHH BRADLAW, JA BRILLINGER, RL GILMAN, JPW NESTMANN, ER SAN, RC AF SWIERENGA, SHH BRADLAW, JA BRILLINGER, RL GILMAN, JPW NESTMANN, ER SAN, RC TI RECOMMENDED PROTOCOLS BASED ON A SURVEY OF CURRENT PRACTICE IN GENOTOXICITY TESTING LABORATORIES .1. UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS ASSAY IN RAT HEPATOCYTE CULTURES SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE RECOMMENDED PROTOCOL; CURRENT USAGE; UNSCHEDULED DNA SYNTHESIS; PRIMARY HEPATOCYTES, RAT ID GENE-TOX PROGRAM; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS; REPAIR ASSAY; CELLS; HAMSTER; LIVER; AGENTS; MOUSE AB A protocol based primarily on current laboratory practices in the performance of the unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay with primary rat hepatocyte cultures has been developed. These guidelines were developed using tabulated responses to a detailed questionnaire completed by North American and European governmental, university and contract laboratories involved with the UDS test. This report identifies those modifications to previously described methodologies which are used on a regular basis and also serves to clarify confusing or inconsistent practices. Although this protocol pertains specifically to the use of primary rat hepatocyte cultures, it can be modified to incorporate other types of cells in which certain aspects remain the same. C1 UNIV GUELPH,GUELPH N1G 2W1,ONTARIO,CANADA. CANTOX INC,OAKVILLE L6J 5Z7,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. MICROBIOL ASSOCIATES INC,CTR LIFE SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP SWIERENGA, SHH (reprint author), HLTH & WELF CANADA,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,BUR DRUG RES,TUNNEYS PASTURE,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD FEB PY 1991 VL 246 IS 2 BP 235 EP 253 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90047-R PG 19 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA EZ549 UT WOS:A1991EZ54900002 PM 1996123 ER PT J AU DUNKEL, VC ROGERS, C SWIERENGA, SHH BRILLINGER, RL GILMAN, JPW NESTMANN, ER AF DUNKEL, VC ROGERS, C SWIERENGA, SHH BRILLINGER, RL GILMAN, JPW NESTMANN, ER TI RECOMMENDED PROTOCOLS BASED ON A SURVEY OF CURRENT PRACTICE IN GENOTOXICITY TESTING LABORATORIES .3. CELL-TRANSFORMATION IN C3H/10T1/2 MOUSE EMBRYO CELL, BALB/C 3T3 MOUSE FIBROBLAST AND SYRIAN-HAMSTER EMBRYO CELL-CULTURES SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE RECOMMENDED PROTOCOL; CURRENT USAGE; CELL TRANSFORMATION; C3H10/T1/2; BALB/C 3T3; SHE CELLS ID POSTCONFLUENCE INHIBITION; CARCINOGENS; ASSAY; CHEMICALS; MUTATION; DIVISION; SYSTEM AB A standardized protocol and guidelines for the performance of cell transformation testing in mouse embryo (C3H/10T1/2), mouse fibroblast (BALB/c 3T3) and Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cells have been developed. The protocol is based primarily on current laboratory practices as determined by responses to a detailed questionnaire completed by North American and European governmental, university and contract laboratories involved with cell transformation experimentation. This report identifies those modifications to previously described methodologies which are being used on a regular basis and also serves to clarify confusing or inconsistent practices. C1 HLTH & WELF CANADA,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,BUR DRUG RES,TUNNEYS PASTURE,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV GUELPH,GUELPH N1G 2W1,ONTARIO,CANADA. CANTOX INC,OAKVILLE L6J 5Z7,ONTARIO,CANADA. HLTH & WELF CANADA,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,FOOD DIRECTORATE,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 29 TC 36 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD FEB PY 1991 VL 246 IS 2 BP 285 EP 300 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90049-T PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA EZ549 UT WOS:A1991EZ54900004 PM 1996125 ER PT J AU SOBOTKA, T BRODIE, R QUANDER, Y KOPRAL, C AF SOBOTKA, T BRODIE, R QUANDER, Y KOPRAL, C TI BEHAVIORAL-ASSESSMENT OF RATS FED A HIGH CARBOHYDRATE/LOW PROTEIN MEAL SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DIET; BEHAVIOR; CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEIN RATIO ID SEROTONIN SYNTHESIS; DIETARY TRYPTOPHAN; BRAIN TRYPTOPHAN; MOTOR-ACTIVITY; AMINO-ACIDS; INGESTION; PLASMA; AGGRESSION AB A high carbohydrate diet is known to affect brain metabolism in fasted rats. It is unclear, however, whether behavioral functions are also affected. A profile of behaviors was assessed in rats fed a single meal of a protein-free diet with an elevated level of carbohydrate. Adult male rats, fasted for 24 h, were given a 2-h meal of either a control AIN-76A diet or an isocaloric diet containing approximately 85% carbohydrate and 0% protein. Rats were tested for general motor activity, auditory startle, prepulse inhibition of the startle response, tail flick response, passive avoidance acquisition and retention, or response to pharmacologic challenge with a dopaminergic or a serotonergic agonist. None of the behavioral measurements were significantly affected by the dietary treatment. Thus, high carbohydrate, protein-free meals do not significantly affect sensorimotor behaviors, reactivity, or cognitive functions of the nervous system. RP SOBOTKA, T (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,HFF-162,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD FEB-MAR PY 1991 VL 11 IS 2-3 BP 207 EP 216 DI 10.1016/S0271-5317(05)80120-4 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA FB615 UT WOS:A1991FB61500009 ER PT J AU PASTOR, RW VENABLE, RM KARPLUS, M AF PASTOR, RW VENABLE, RM KARPLUS, M TI MODEL FOR THE STRUCTURE OF THE LIPID BILAYER SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE H-2 ORDER PARAMETERS; CHAIN-TILT MARCELJA MODEL; COMPUTER SIMULATIONS ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; DYNAMICS SIMULATION; LIQUID-CRYSTALS; H-2 NMR; MEMBRANES; CHAIN; MOLECULES; CONFORMATION; PARAMETERS AB A detailed model for the structure and dynamics of the interior of the lipid bilayer in the liquid crystal phase is presented. The model includes two classes of motion: (i) the internal dynamics of the chains, determined from Brownian dynamics simulations with a continuous version of the Marcelja mean-field potential, and (ii) noncollective reorientation (axial rotation and wobble) of the entire molecule, introduced by a cone model. The basic unit of the model is a single lipid chain with field parameters adjusted to fit the H-2 order parameters and the frequency-dependent C-13 NMR T1 relaxation times of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine bilayers. The chain configurations obtained from the trajectory are used to construct a representation of the bilayer. The resulting lipid assembly is consistent with NMR, neutron diffraction, surface area, and density data. It indicates that a high degree of chain disorder and entanglement exists in biological membranes. C1 HARVARD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. RP PASTOR, RW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 40 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 88 IS 3 BP 892 EP 896 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.3.892 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA EW400 UT WOS:A1991EW40000044 PM 1992480 ER PT J AU ROSENBERG, AS MANIERO, TG MORSE, HC AF ROSENBERG, AS MANIERO, TG MORSE, HC TI INVIVO IMMUNOLOGICAL DEFICITS IN MICE WITH MURINE ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME AND THE EFFECT OF LP-BM5 INFECTION ON REJECTION OF SKIN FROM INFECTED MICE SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE TRANSPLANTATION SOC CY AUG 19-24, 1990 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP TRANSPLANTAT SOC ID T-CELL SUBSETS; LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; INDUCTION; DISEASE C1 US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NIAID,IMMUNOPATHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD FEB PY 1991 VL 23 IS 1 BP 167 EP 169 PN 1 PG 3 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA EV390 UT WOS:A1991EV39000062 PM 1990505 ER PT J AU POLDER, JA BELL, DM MARTONE, WJ MARTIN, LS CURRAN, JW BENINGER, P HENDERSON, DK AF POLDER, JA BELL, DM MARTONE, WJ MARTIN, LS CURRAN, JW BENINGER, P HENDERSON, DK TI ZIDOVUDINE AFTER OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO THE HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP POLDER, JA (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 24 PY 1991 VL 324 IS 4 BP 266 EP 267 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EU022 UT WOS:A1991EU02200014 ER PT J AU WEISZ, A LANGOWSKI, AJ MEYERS, MB THIEKEN, MA ITO, Y AF WEISZ, A LANGOWSKI, AJ MEYERS, MB THIEKEN, MA ITO, Y TI PREPARATIVE PURIFICATION OF TETRABROMOTETRACHLOROFLUORESCEIN AND PHLOXINE-B BY CENTRIFUGAL COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; SEPARATION; DYES AB A centrifugal counter-current chromatographic method for preparative purification of commercial tetrabromotetrachlorofluorescein and Phloxine B (D&C Red Nos. 27 and 28, respectively) was developed. Ethyl acetate-n-butanol-0.01 M ammonium acetate (1:1:2) was used as the two-phase solvent system. Each purification trial involved 50 mg of sample and yielded 22 mg (+/- 2 mg) of pure dye. The purity of the product was measured by high-performance liquid and thin-layer chromatography and was found to be 99.9%. The partition coefficients of these compounds were found to be highly concentration-dependent in the two-phase solvent system used. If this problem can be circumvented, then the counter-current chromatographic method can be extended for use with gram quantities of dye. C1 NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP WEISZ, A (reprint author), US FDA,DIV COLORS & COSMET,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JAN 18 PY 1991 VL 538 IS 1 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)91633-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA EW734 UT WOS:A1991EW73400018 PM 1646831 ER PT J AU JUSKEVICH, JC GUYER, CG AF JUSKEVICH, JC GUYER, CG TI SAFETY OF BOVINE GROWTH-HORMONE - REPLY SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP JUSKEVICH, JC (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 18 PY 1991 VL 251 IS 4991 BP 256 EP 257 DI 10.1126/science.251.4991.256-a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ET678 UT WOS:A1991ET67800003 ER PT J AU SU, SY SHIU, GK SIMMONS, JE SKELLY, JP AF SU, SY SHIU, GK SIMMONS, JE SKELLY, JP TI SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON THE ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DISSOLUTION OF CONJUGATED ESTROGEN TABLETS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Note DE CONJUGATED ESTROGEN TABLET; DISSOLUTION; FILTER ABSORPTION ADSORPTION; HPLC ANALYSIS AB Dissolution samples of conjugated estrogens were prepared for HPLC analysis by filtration and centrifugation. Polyethylene filters were found to be far less retentive of conjugated estrogens than nylon membranes. Samples clarified by centrifugation alone caused rapid HPLC column fouling. Several RP-HPLC columns were evaluated with respect to separation and quantitation of estrone sulfate, equilin sulfate, impurities and contaminants - a resolution factor of 1.5 or greater is recommended. Sample injection volume was reduced to 20-mu-l for dissolution monitoring of 1.25 and 2.5 mg strength tablets - far less than that required for existing assays (200-500-mu-l). Dissolution samples of conjugated estrogens should be analyzed soon after collection or refrigerated to retard degradation. C1 US FDA,DIV CARDIO RENAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF RES RESOURCES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. RP SU, SY (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHARMACEUT RES BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD JAN 15 PY 1991 VL 67 IS 2 BP 211 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0378-5173(91)90435-Q PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EU953 UT WOS:A1991EU95300014 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, T BRANDO, C LIZZIO, EF LEE, YL HANSEN, M TRIPATHI, AK TAPLITS, M PURI, J BONVINI, E ABRAHAMSEN, TG CARTER, CS REID, GK EVANS, J AF HOFFMAN, T BRANDO, C LIZZIO, EF LEE, YL HANSEN, M TRIPATHI, AK TAPLITS, M PURI, J BONVINI, E ABRAHAMSEN, TG CARTER, CS REID, GK EVANS, J TI CALCIUM-DEPENDENT EICOSANOID METABOLISM BY CONCANAVALIN A-STIMULATED HUMAN MONOCYTES INVITRO - SYNERGISM WITH PHORBOL ESTER INDICATES SEPARATE REGULATION OF LEUKOTRIENE-B4 SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPEROXIDE ANION GENERATION; ARACHIDONIC-ACID RELEASE; 5-LIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY; MOBILIZING LIGANDS; HUMAN-NEUTROPHILS; KINASE-C; ACTIVATION; IONOPHORE-A23187; MACROPHAGES; MEMBRANE AB Human monocytes obtained by counter-current centrifugal elutriation released arachidonic acid when challenged in vitro with Con A, as well as with other soluble (PMA or ionomycin) or particulate stimuli (serum-treated zymosan). Cyclo-oxygenase metabolites were the principal eicosanoids detected in the supernatants of Con A-stimulated, [H-3]arachidonate-labeled monocytes. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) products, such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4), were conspiciously absent. Release of arachidonate and its metabolites in response to Con A was dependent on the presence of extracellular Ca2+, but not Mg2+. In contrast to serum-treated zymosan challenge, which resulted in increased inositol trisphosphate and LTB4 release, Con A-induced inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in monocytes was limited to phosphadidylinositol or phosphatidylinositol monosphosphate. Despite an inability to augment LTB4 release, Con A or PMA induced a loss of 5-lipoxygenase from a cytosolic compartment that was similar to that achieved with a calcium ionophore (ionomycin), a potent stimulus for LTB4 generation. When cell-associated LTB4 was evaluated, evidence for increased LTB4 production was obtained in response to either stimulus (PMA > Con A). In combination, however, PMA and Con A treatment resulted in monocyte LTB4 release comparable with that observed with the calcium ionophore or STZ. LTB4 release in response to all stimuli tested was inhibited by MK-886, a drug that binds to 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein. These results indicate the following: 1) Phospholipase A2 activation and attendant arachidonic acid release induced by agents that increase intracellular Ca2+ and/or generate diacylglycerol results in increased synthesis and release of PG and increased synthesis of leukotrienes, but not necessarily leukotriene release. 2) 5-LO translocation which may occur independently of increased intracellular Ca2+, may be necessary for LTB4 generation but is insufficient for its release. 3) 5-Lipoxygenase-activating protein activity is necessary for 5-LO activation and LTB4 release in response to all stimuli investigated here. 4) Phorbol ester, an activator of protein kinase C, may synergize with agents such as Con A (which by themselves induce a minimal intracellular Ca2+ rise), so as to result in the release of LTB4. Thus, Con A may represent a class of surface receptor-aggregating agents that initiates inflammatory changes or immunomodulation associated with liberation of PG and might predispose to release of other inflammatory mediators, such as leukotrienes, in the presence of additional signals, including protein kinase activation. C1 NCI,PEDIAT ONCOL BRANCH,DIV CANC THERAPY,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,CTR CLIN,DEPT TRANSFUS MED,BETHESDA,MD 20892. MERCK FROSST CTR THERAPEUT RES,POINTE CLAIRE H9R 4P8,QUEBEC,CANADA. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 24 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JAN 15 PY 1991 VL 146 IS 2 BP 692 EP 700 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA EU505 UT WOS:A1991EU50500042 PM 1846160 ER PT J AU BOWMASTER, TA DAVIS, CC KRAUTHAMER, V AF BOWMASTER, TA DAVIS, CC KRAUTHAMER, V TI EXCITATION AND DETECTION OF ACTION POTENTIAL-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE CHANGES THROUGH A SINGLE MONOMODE OPTICAL FIBER SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE OPTICAL RECORDING; OPTICAL FIBER; ACTION POTENTIAL; VOLTAGE-SENSITIVE DYE; MEMBRANE FLUORESCENCE; FROG HEART ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SALAMANDER OLFACTORY-BULB; AXON FLUORESCENCE; NEURONAL-ACTIVITY; PROPAGATION; PROVIDES; PROBES AB An optical probe capable of detecting intracellular potential changes in individual cells, in vitro, which has the potential for in vivo applications, has been developed. A single-mode optical fiber directs laser light onto cells stained with the voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye, WW781 and also returns part of the resulting fluorescence to a detection system. Frog cardiac cells in vitro were used in these initial experiments. The fractional change in fluorescent intensity of 10(-3) for a 50 mV shift in transmembrane potential obtained from a heart immobilized in zero calcium Ringer's solution is comparable to that reported for other optical methods. For hearts in normal calcium Ringer's solutions, very large reproducible motion related artifacts were detected. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3002 J9 BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA PD JAN 10 PY 1991 VL 1091 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0167-4889(91)90214-I PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA EU690 UT WOS:A1991EU69000002 PM 1995070 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI GUIDELINE FOR THE STUDY OF DRUGS IN THE ELDERLY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 9 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 2 BP 182 EP 182 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EQ602 UT WOS:A1991EQ60200009 PM 1984138 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI GERIATRIC USE SUBSECTION PROPOSED ON DRUG LABELING SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 9 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 2 BP 182 EP 182 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EQ602 UT WOS:A1991EQ60200008 PM 1984138 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI CLOTRIMAZOLE AVAILABLE WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION FOR VAGINAL YEAST INFECTIONS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 9 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 2 BP 182 EP 182 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EQ602 UT WOS:A1991EQ60200010 PM 1984138 ER PT J AU HATHCOCK, JN TROENDLE, GJ AF HATHCOCK, JN TROENDLE, GJ TI ORAL COBALAMIN FOR TREATMENT OF PERNICIOUS-ANEMIA SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP HATHCOCK, JN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFF-268,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 2 PY 1991 VL 265 IS 1 BP 96 EP 97 DI 10.1001/jama.265.1.96 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EP555 UT WOS:A1991EP55500037 PM 1984131 ER PT J AU DOYLE, TD AF DOYLE, TD TI ANALYTICAL CRITERIA FOR CHIRAL HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID DIRECT ENANTIOMERIC RESOLUTION; STATIONARY PHASES; PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS; DERIVATIVES; SEPARATION; AMINES; ACIDS AB The determination of enantiomeric composition via chiral stationary phases (CSPs) has evolved over the past decade to a point where this analytical methodology now has the characteristics of a mature technology. High selectivities and efficiencies combine to produce resolutions more than adequate to meet most analytical challenges. Less measurable, but equally significant, are gains in ruggedness, versatility, and procedural simplicity. Examples from the author's laboratory involving the chromatographic resolution of chiral pharmaceuticals illustrate these advances. The analyses of amphetamine, methamphetamine, tryptophan and ibuprofen are discussed in detail; all are assayed with high efficiency and selectivity on a 1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl urea CSP, following procedurally convenient derivatization with achiral reagents. Determinations of trace enantiomeric contamination at 1 %, 0.1 % and below are achieved with high precision. Guidelines for system suitability criteria for chiral HPLC are proposed. RP DOYLE, TD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 471 BP 27 EP 42 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GK362 UT WOS:A1991GK36200002 ER PT J AU CLOWER, M AF CLOWER, M TI PESTICIDE-RESIDUES IN FOOD - UNITED-STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATIONS PROGRAM FOR IMMUNOASSAY SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PARAQUAT AB The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) enforcement and monitoring programs for pesticide residues in foods are based primarily on five multiresidue methods which use traditional quantitative techniques, such as gas or liquid chromatography, to provide coverage for a large number of residues in a single analysis. A two-pronged assessment of the applicability of immunoassays as a supplemental technique has been initiated: (1) FDA is examining the potential utility of selected commercial kits by evaluating the kits as rapid detection systems when combined with appropriate extraction and cleanup steps to form complete methods. (2) Six methods based on monoclonal antibody immunoassay technology are being developed under contract. Each method will provide information necessary to evaluate the applicability of immunoassays to the Pesticide Program. Methods are being developed for paraquat in potatoes; fenamiphos and its sulfoxide and sulfone metabolites in oranges; carbendazim in apples; benomyl in apples; thiophanate-methyl in apples; and glyphosate in soybeans. The methods will be evaluated by the same criteria applied to traditional residue methods. Results of studies by FDA and others will allow the agency to determine the role of immunoassay technology in its Pesticide Programs. RP CLOWER, M (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 451 BP 49 EP 58 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU894 UT WOS:A1991EU89400005 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, DW BENSON, RW PUMFORD, NR POTTER, DW POULSEN, HE HINSON, JA AF ROBERTS, DW BENSON, RW PUMFORD, NR POTTER, DW POULSEN, HE HINSON, JA TI SENSITIVE IMMUNOCHEMICAL ASSAYS FOR MONITORING ACETAMINOPHEN TOXICITY IN HUMANS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID INDUCED HEPATIC NECROSIS; ADDUCT FORMED INVITRO; BENZOQUINONE IMINE; LIVER PROTEINS; OXIDATION; SERUM AB Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a commonly used analgesic which is hepatotoxic at high doses in humans and in laboratory animals. Toxicity is believed to be mediated by the reactive metabolite N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine which binds to protein thiols as 3-(cystein-S-yl)acetaminophen adducts. Ultrasensitive immunoassays for 3-(cystein-S-yl)acetaminophen derivatives were developed and extensively characterized. Using these assays the formation of this adduct in protein has been correlated with the development of the hepatotoxicity in mice and humans. In mice, adduct levels in the liver reached maximal levels at 2-4 hours and then exhibited a marked decrease which was inversely correlated with parallel elevations in serum adducts and serum levels of the liver-specific transaminase ALT. This suggested that the serum adducts were of hepatic origin and could be monitored as a biomarker of acetaminophen toxicity. Analysis of serum samples from acetaminophen overdose patients demonstrated a positive correlation between immunochemically detectable serum adducts and hepatotoxicity. C1 UNIV COPENHAGEN,DEPT PHARMACOL,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RIGSHOSP,DEPT MED A,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RP ROBERTS, DW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 451 BP 314 EP 326 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU894 UT WOS:A1991EU89400029 ER PT J AU BUCCI, TJ WARBRITTON, AR HINSON, JA ROBERTS, DW AF BUCCI, TJ WARBRITTON, AR HINSON, JA ROBERTS, DW TI IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF ANTIGENIC BIOMARKERS IN MICROWAVE-FIXED TARGET TISSUES - ACETAMINOPHEN PROTEIN ADDUCTS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article ID INDUCED HEPATIC NECROSIS; COVALENT BINDING; TOXICITY; ASSAY; MOUSE AB Immunohistochemical localization of adducts can be accomplished using antiserum developed and characterized for quantitative immunoassays. The 3-(cystein-S-yl)acetaminophen protein adduct is associated with the toxicity of the prototype hepatotoxin, acetaminophen. Immunohistochemical localization of this adduct is described to illustrate the technique as an adjunct to other methods in the assessment of toxicity. This method provides direct correlation between presence of adduct and morphologic evidence of cell injury. Microwave irradiation was pioneered as a fixation method to simultaneously preserve tissue structure and adduct antigenicity. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP BUCCI, TJ (reprint author), PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 451 BP 327 EP 336 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU894 UT WOS:A1991EU89400030 ER PT J AU CLOWER, M AF CLOWER, M TI PESTICIDE-RESIDUE METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION AT THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) responsibility for monitoring the nation's food supply for pesticide residues is the driving force behind FDA's pesticide residue method development. Efficiency dictates that multiresidue methods, which can analyze simultaneously for many residues in a variety of agricultural products, be used in and developed for such monitoring. Methods that analyze for a single or small number of residues are employed on a limited basis when necessary. Overall method development activities are guided by a Five-Year Plan, which is updated annually to reflect accomplishments and new objectives. Method development activities focus on extension and expansion of existing methods to additional pesticides and crops. New analytical techniques are investigated for applicability to existing and new methods. Studies of the analytical behavior of pesticide chemicals in existing methods play an important role in method research. A computerized database tracks capabilities of FDA multiresidue methods and assists in guiding new method development. Before use in the monitoring program, all methods are validated in intralaboratory and interlaboratory studies to assure that they perform properly and provide reliable analytical information. Collaborative studies are conducted under the auspices of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. RP CLOWER, M (reprint author), US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 446 BP 105 EP 113 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU892 UT WOS:A1991EU89200012 ER PT J AU LOMBARDO, P YESS, NJ AF LOMBARDO, P YESS, NJ TI THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM ON PESTICIDE-RESIDUES IN FOOD SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID TOTAL DIET SAMPLES; 1978 SEPTEMBER 1979; 1980 MARCH 1982; CHEMICALS; ELEMENTS; INFANT AB The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for enforcing tolerances established by the Environmental Protection Agency for pesticide residues in foods shipped in interstate commerce. FDA also determines dietary intakes of pesticides through the Total Diet Study, in which foods are collected at retail nationwide, prepared for consumption, and analyzed for residues. These different but complementary approaches have provided information over the years that demonstrates the safety of the food supply when compared with safety standards established by the federal government and international organizations. In Fiscal Year 1988, no residues were found in 61% of the more than 18,000 samples analyzed, and findings from the Total Diet Study corroborate results from previous years about the low levels of pesticide residues present in foods as consumed. Important recent initiatives deal with improving residue analytical capability, intelligence in pesticide usage, and sampling approaches. Since there is some public perception that pesticide residues in foods constitute a significant health risk, attention also needs to be directed toward this issue. RP LOMBARDO, P (reprint author), US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 446 BP 162 EP 169 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU892 UT WOS:A1991EU89200017 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR CARSON, KL WILLIS, CA AF SHANK, FR CARSON, KL WILLIS, CA TI EVOLVING FOOD SAFETY SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB Technological advances in the scientific world are expressing themselves in the development of new technologies and new products in the food industry which in turn are changing the concept of food safety. Consumer demands for specially formulated products to satisfy their desires for more healthful diets have created "new" food safety issues associated with the technologies used and the composition of the end products. These "new" food safety issues, however, must be examined against a backdrop of "traditional" food safety issues, such as microbiological hazards, chemical contaminants, and natural toxicants. Advances in science and technology are providing the tools with which to search for answers to food safety questions. Evolving technology confirms the reality that the food supply is not 100% safe while providing us the capability to develop control mechanisms to minimize potential hazards, whether they are inherent in the food or introduced at some stage of processing. Increased consumer concern about the safety of the food supply underscores the need for development and use of effective risk communication techniques to permit consumers to gain perspective on where in the food supply risks lie. RP SHANK, FR (reprint author), US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1991 VL 446 BP 297 EP 307 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EU892 UT WOS:A1991EU89200033 ER PT J AU HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R AF HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R TI BIOLOGICALLY RELATED NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS - VARIABILITY IN CONCENTRATION ESTIMATES SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID TRACE AB The extensive compilation of data on SRMs by Gladney et al. (Standard Reference Materials: Compilation of Elemental Concentration Data for NBS Clinical, Biological, Geological, and Environmental Standard Reference Materials, NBS Special Publication 260-111 (1987) provides a remarkable opportunity to check the statistical distribution of analytical results for SRMs reported under unusually favorable circumstances. The precision estimates obtained for 11 biologically related SRMs by the compilers, who exercised subjective, critical analytical judgement to eliminate data "clearly beyond the limit of acceptability" by removing values beyond 2 standard deviations from the mean, provided published consensus values that are compared to the results predicted by the Horwitz equation: relative standard deviation between-laboratories (RSD(R), %) = 2 exp (1 - 0.5 log C), where C is the concentration expressed as a decimal fraction. The compilers removed 14% of the reported values from the 117 certified analyte-matrix combinations, when at least 8 values were available, for 28 elements over a certified concentration range from 5 ng/g to 40 mg/g. Only 2 of the resulting RSD(R) values are outside the acceptable maximum of twice the RSD(R) value calculated from the Horwitz equation. However, removal of 14% of the data as nonconforming is regarded as excessive. This finding suggests that many laboratories lack a quality assurance program to investigate the occurrence of gross deviations from certified values. RP HORWITZ, W (reprint author), US FDA,HFF-7,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 445 BP 50 EP 73 PG 24 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EV292 UT WOS:A1991EV29200005 ER PT J AU CAPAR, SG AF CAPAR, SG TI ANALYTICAL METHOD ASPECTS OF ASSESSING DIETARY-INTAKE OF TRACE-ELEMENTS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CONTINUOUS HYDRIDE-GENERATION; UNITED-STATES; FOODS; SELENIUM; IODINE; EMISSION; EVOLUTION AB The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) monitors toxic and nutrient elements in the US food supply through analysis of foods and calculation of dietary intakes in representative diets based on nationwide food consumption surveys. Toxic or nutrient elements routinely monitored by atomic absorption spectrometry include As, Se, Pb, Cd, and Hg. The nutrient elements Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, Zn, Cu, and Na are monitored by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Iodine is monitored by spectrophotometry. Neutron activation analysis provides background information on elements not routinely monitored. FDA's current method development program for monitoring elements in foods is designed (a) to reduce the number of different mineralization procedures, (b) to expand the number of elements determined, and (c) to use inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry for determining all elements of interest. These analytical methods are reviewed and the applicability of currently used methods for assessing dietary intakes is discussed. RP CAPAR, SG (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 57 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 445 BP 181 EP 195 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EV292 UT WOS:A1991EV29200013 ER PT J AU SZMURLO, A MARCZAK, M RUDNICKA, L MAJEWSKI, S MAKIELA, B SKIENDZIELEWSKA, A SKOPINSKA, M KORNHAUSER, A JABLONSKA, S AF SZMURLO, A MARCZAK, M RUDNICKA, L MAJEWSKI, S MAKIELA, B SKIENDZIELEWSKA, A SKOPINSKA, M KORNHAUSER, A JABLONSKA, S TI BETA-CAROTENE IN PREVENTION OF CUTANEOUS CARCINOGENESIS SO ACTA DERMATO-VENEREOLOGICA LA English DT Note DE CELL-INDUCED ANGIOGENESIS; IMMUNE ANGIOGENESIS ID LYMPHOCYTE-INDUCED ANGIOGENESIS; HOST-REACTION; CANCER; SKIN; TUMORS; SERUM; GRAFT; ASSAY AB Beta-carotene, administered orally to mice, caused a decrease in angiogenesis evoked by HPV-transformed tumorigenic cell lines (SKv-t, HeLa). It did not affect angiogenesis induced by the non-tumorigenic SKv (not-t) cell line, and increased lymphocyte-induced immune angiogenesis. We suggest that the anti-cancerogenic effect of beta-carotene may be due, at least in part, to its inhibitory effect on formation of new blood vessels within the tumour mass. C1 US FDA,DEPT OCULAR & SKIN TOXICOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SZMURLO, A (reprint author), WARSAW ACAD MED & HOSP,DEPT DERMATOL,KOSZYKOWA 82A,PL-02008 WARSAW,POLAND. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0001-5555 J9 ACTA DERM-VENEREOL JI Acta Derm.-Venereol. PY 1991 VL 71 IS 6 BP 528 EP 530 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA GU153 UT WOS:A1991GU15300014 PM 1723559 ER PT J AU KOVINCIC, I MRDJEN, M KOMNENOVPUPOVAC, V VUJICIC, IF VULIC, M SVABICVLAHOVIC, M TIERNEY, JT AF KOVINCIC, I MRDJEN, M KOMNENOVPUPOVAC, V VUJICIC, IF VULIC, M SVABICVLAHOVIC, M TIERNEY, JT TI HEAT-RESISTANCE OF LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES IN NATURALLY INFECTED AND INOCULATED COWS MILK SO ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA HUNGARICA LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-RESISTANCE AB A two phase slug flow tubular heat exchanger was used for the thermal inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes in natural infected milk from seven cows. L. monocytogenes serotype 4b inoculated UHT sterilized milk was monitored in a parallel study. The two milks were heated at 71.1-degrees-C for bolding times of 2, 4, 10, 15, 20 and 30 s. Milk was assayed for survivors immediately after beat treatment and weekly thereafter for 4 weeks during storage at 4-degrees-C. No survivors were detected in the naturally infected milk at any of the holding times. Survivors were found at 2 and 4 s in the inoculated UHT milk with initial titres of 8 X 10(2) to 7.1 X 10(3) c.f.u./ml, only after storage at 4-degrees-C for 28 days. No survivors were detected for 10 through 30 s holding times. C1 FAC AGR NOVI SAD,LIVESTOCK RES INST,YU-21000 NOVI SAD,YUGOSLAVIA. FAC MED BELGRADE,INST MICROBIOL,YU-11000 BELGRADE,YUGOSLAVIA. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,CINCINNATI,OH 45226. RP KOVINCIC, I (reprint author), VET SCI INST,RUMENACKI PUT 6,YU-21000 NOVI SAD,YUGOSLAVIA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0231-4622 J9 ACTA MICROBIOL HUNG PY 1991 VL 38 IS 1 BP 3 EP 6 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GU508 UT WOS:A1991GU50800001 PM 1810108 ER PT J AU VELAGAPUDI, R HARTER, JG BRUECKNER, R PECK, CC AF VELAGAPUDI, R HARTER, JG BRUECKNER, R PECK, CC TI PHARMACOKINETIC PHARMACODYNAMIC MODELS IN ANALGESIC STUDY DESIGN SO ADVANCES IN PAIN RESEARCH AND THERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV EXPTL THERAPEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP VELAGAPUDI, R (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0146-0722 J9 ADV PAIN RES THER JI Adv. Pain Res. Ther. PY 1991 VL 18 BP 559 EP 562 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA FD808 UT WOS:A1991FD80800039 ER PT J AU YENKOO, HC AF YENKOO, HC TI INFLUENCE OF DRUGS AND CHEMICALS ON AGGRESSION LEARNING AND MEMORY BEHAVIOR IN MICE SO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0096-140X J9 AGGRESSIVE BEHAV JI Aggressive Behav. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 2 BP 109 EP 110 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology GA FA659 UT WOS:A1991FA65900069 ER PT J AU GRUBER, MF WEBB, DSA GERRARD, TL MOSTOWSKI, HS VUJCIC, L GOLDING, H AF GRUBER, MF WEBB, DSA GERRARD, TL MOSTOWSKI, HS VUJCIC, L GOLDING, H TI REEVALUATION OF THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE ADHESION MOLECULES ICAM-1/LFA-1 IN SYNCYTIA FORMATION OF HIV-1-INFECTED SUBCLONES OF A CEM T-CELL LEUKEMIC LINE SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; AIDS RETROVIRUS; ANTIGEN-1 LFA-1; INTERFERON; INDUCTION; INFECTION; RECEPTOR AB The role of the adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and LFA-1 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-induced cell fusion was investigated in subclones of a T-cell leukemic cell line (CEM) with differing abilities to form synctia. Addition of monoclonal antibodies 84H10 directed against ICAM-1 and MHM23 directed against the common-beta-subunit of LFA-1 (CD18) resulted in greater than 50% suppression of syncytia formation in cultures of these clones infected with cell-free virus. Two subclones, 2G5-144-84 and 2G5-1, were deficient in their ability to form syncytia and expressed reduced amounts of LFA-1 compared with the parental line. The expression of ICAM-1 but not LFA-1 was upregulated on the clones following treatment with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma); however, this did not overcome the delay in syncytia formation observed in these cells. The syncytia-positive subclones 1B11-39 and 17D-9 expressed high levels of LFA-1. Basal expression of ICAM-1 was upregulated on these cells by treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which also accelerated and enhanced syncytia formation. However, anti-ICAM-1 and anti-LFA-1 (CD18) antibodies did not reverse the TNF-alpha-induced enhancement of syncytia formation of HIV-1-infected clones 1B11-39 and 17D-9. Under conditions of low viral expression, adhesion molecules may contribute to syncytia formation if adequate levels of both receptor and ligand in the ICAM-1/LFA-1 complex are expressed. However, our data do not support the concept of an absolute requirement for those molecules in HIV-1-induced cell fusion, particularly under conditions in which large amounts of gp160 are expressed on the surface of the virus-infected cell. C1 NIH,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GRUBER, MF (reprint author), NIH,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 17 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 7 IS 1 BP 45 EP 53 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EY676 UT WOS:A1991EY67600006 PM 1707641 ER PT J AU REEVES, JP BUCK, D BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D EPSTEIN, SL AF REEVES, JP BUCK, D BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D EPSTEIN, SL TI ANTI-LEU3A INDUCES COMBINING SITE-RELATED ANTIIDIOTYPIC ANTIBODY WITHOUT INDUCING ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; T4 MOLECULE; HTLV-III/LAV; CD4 RECEPTOR; BINDING; EPITOPE; INFECTION; RETROVIRUS; VACCINE AB Development of a vaccine for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has proven difficult, and so alternative approaches such as idiotypic manipulation have been suggested. As applied to AIDS, this approach could involve immunizing with an anti-CD4 antibody resembling gp120, to induce anti-idiotypic antibodies which would bind to gp120. The CD4 binding site on gp120 is conserved, and so, such an immune response should protect against all variants. Induction of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunity has been reported using anti-Leu3a, and this result has led to testing in humans. Negative results obtained by others have been attributed to differences in immunization protocols. Because of the importance of this question, we reinvestigated the potential of anti-Leu3a to induce anti-HIV antibodies, compared with control immunizations with OKT4A (another anti-CD4 antibody) and the irrelevant Ig MOPC-21. Responses to anti-Leu3a showed induction of high-titer anti-idiotypic activity, and included combining-site-related activity. Yet sera showed no binding to gp160 above controls and no detectable neutralizing activity in a sensitive HIV plaque assay, so the anti-idiotypes induced were not internal images of CD4. We conclude that the pronounced anti-HIV responses reported with anti-Leu3a cannot be generalized, and thus that anti-Leu3a does not offer promise as an HIV vaccine. However, these results do not negate the promise of the idiotypic approach, and a vaccine for AIDS based on idiotype manipulation remains a possibility. C1 US FDA,CBER,OBR,DBB,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 29,ROOM 522,HFB-710,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. BECTON DICKINSON MONOCLONAL CTR INC,SAN JOSE,CA 94131. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI26462] NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 7 IS 1 BP 55 EP 63 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA EY676 UT WOS:A1991EY67600007 PM 2015115 ER PT J AU GERSTMAN, BB PIPER, JM TOMITA, DK FERGUSON, WJ STADEL, BV LUNDIN, FE AF GERSTMAN, BB PIPER, JM TOMITA, DK FERGUSON, WJ STADEL, BV LUNDIN, FE TI ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVE ESTROGEN DOSE AND THE RISK OF DEEP VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLIC DISEASE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Note DE CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; THROMBOPHLEBITIS ID UNITED-STATES; VEIN-THROMBOSIS; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; SAFETY AB Despite the well-recognized association between oral contraceptives and deep venous thromboembolism, little is known about the risks associated with currently marketed formulations containing less than 50-mu-g of estrogen. To assess the venous thrombogenicity of low-estrogen oral contraceptives (those containing < 50-mu-g of estrogen) relative to intermediate-dose (50-mu-g of estrogen) and high-dose (> 50-mu-g of estrogen) formulations, we conducted a cohort study of oral contraceptive users between the ages of 15 and 44 years in the Michigan Medicaid population. The period of the study was from 1980 through the third quarter of 1986. A total of 2,739.400 oral contraceptive prescriptions received by 234.218 women were analyzed. Using the low-estrogen cohort as the referent group, the age and calendar period adjusted relative risk of venous thromboembolism in users of intermediate-dose formulations was 1.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-2.1, p = 0.04), and the relative risk in users of highdose formulations was 1.7 (95% CI 0.9-3.0, p = 0.06). These data provide evidence that the dose-response relation between oral contraceptive estrogen and venous thromboembolism extends from 50 to 30-mu-g of estrogen, the dose range of currently marketed formulations. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PREVENT MED,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. NR 32 TC 250 Z9 253 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER J EPIDEMIOLOGY PI BALTIMORE PA 624 N BROADWAY RM 225, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JAN 1 PY 1991 VL 133 IS 1 BP 32 EP 37 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EP704 UT WOS:A1991EP70400005 PM 1983896 ER PT J AU LEVCHUK, JW AF LEVCHUK, JW TI STERILITY OF EXTEMPORANEOUSLY COMPOUNDED PERSERVATIVE-FREE INJECTIONS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Letter ID ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE; PERSONNEL RP LEVCHUK, JW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MFG & PROD QUAL,OFF COMPLIANCE,CDER,7520 STANDISH PL,ROOM 272,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 48 IS 1 BP 71 EP 72 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EP713 UT WOS:A1991EP71300004 PM 2053941 ER PT J AU GERSTMAN, BB GROSS, TP KENNEDY, DL BENNETT, RC TOMITA, DK STADEL, BV AF GERSTMAN, BB GROSS, TP KENNEDY, DL BENNETT, RC TOMITA, DK STADEL, BV TI TRENDS IN THE CONTENT AND USE OF ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES IN THE UNITED-STATES, 1964-88 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL OVARIAN CYSTS; THROMBOEMBOLIC DISEASE; PROGESTOGENS; THROMBOSIS; POTENCIES; SAFETY; WOMEN; AGE AB Drug marketing and physician survey data were used to examine trends in the use and hormonal content of oral contraceptives in the United States between 1964 and 1988. Retail prescriptions for oral contraceptives peaked at approximately 68 million in 1973 and have remained between 50 million and 60 million since 1981. Despite this relative consistency in the number of prescriptions, physician "mentions" of oral contraceptives have increased by approximately 75 percent. This increase may reflect closer monitoring of women on oral contraceptives. Use of multiphasic formulations has steadily risen, accounting for 37 percent of the oral contraceptive prescriptions in 1988. Mean estrogen and progestin doses in all types of formulations have steadily declined. A change in the type of estrogen and progestin used in preparations has coincided with this decline in dose. The association between age and use of high-dose formulations seen in the past was no longer evident in 1988. The data demonstrate that oral contraceptive formulations in wide use today differ in hormone content from those of the past, when most of the major studies addressing the risks associated with oral contraceptive use were completed. There is therefore a need to determine the risks and long-term effects associated with these newer formulations. C1 US FDA,DIV ENDOCRINE & METAB DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP GERSTMAN, BB (reprint author), US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,HFD 733,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 31 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSN INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JAN PY 1991 VL 81 IS 1 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.2105/AJPH.81.1.90 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EY429 UT WOS:A1991EY42900016 PM 1983923 ER PT J AU ALVAREZ, GH CAPAR, SG AF ALVAREZ, GH CAPAR, SG TI CONTINUOUS HYDRIDE GENERATION-ATOMIC ABSORPTION METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SELENIUM AND ARSENIC IN FOODS SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE SELENIUM; ARSENIC; FOODS ID EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; PLASMA EMISSION; TRACE CONCENTRATIONS; SODIUM-BOROHYDRIDE; TOTAL DIETS; ANTIMONY; ELEMENTS; PLANT; AAS; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AB Determination of selenium and arsenic by continuous hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry is described. The method eliminated the use of a carrier gas for transport of hydrides to the atomizer. Detection limits for selenium and arsenic in foods were 5 and 3 ng/g, respectively. Calibration curves were linear from 2 to 600 ng/mL. The method can be applied to analysis of foods and standard reference materials. RP ALVAREZ, GH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 1991 VL 24 IS 9 BP 1695 EP 1710 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GE624 UT WOS:A1991GE62400015 ER PT J AU HAFFNER, ME AF HAFFNER, ME TI ORPHAN PRODUCTS - ORIGINS, PROGRESS, AND PROSPECTS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ORPHAN DRUGS; RARE DISEASES; RARE CONDITIONS; ORPHAN DRUG INCENTIVES; ORPHAN DRUG ACT (LAW) RP HAFFNER, ME (reprint author), US FDA,OFF ORPHAN PROD DEV,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0362-1642 J9 ANNU REV PHARMACOL JI Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. PY 1991 VL 31 BP 603 EP 620 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA FH228 UT WOS:A1991FH22800023 PM 2064386 ER PT J AU DAVIS, VM STACK, ME AF DAVIS, VM STACK, ME TI MUTAGENICITY OF STEMPHYLTOXIN-III, A METABOLITE OF ALTERNARIA-ALTERNATA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXINS AB Some common decay organisms of vegetables and ripened fruits are Alternaria species. Even fruits and vegetables kept under refrigeration can be spoiled by Alternaria species because the mold grows at low temperatures. Alternaria alternata is commonly found in grain in areas with a high incidence of esophageal cancer. Three metabolites, altertoxins I, II, and III, have been isolated from A. alternata and have hydroxyperylenequinone structures. Although other perylenequinone metabolites, such as stemphyperylenol and stemphyltoxins I, II, III, and IV, have been isolated from Stemphylium botryosum var. lactucum, a plant pathogen and mold, we isolated and identified stemphyltoxin III from A. alternata. This metabolite was tested for mutagenicity in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium plate incorporation assay with and without Aroclor 1254-induced rat S-9 metabolic activation. A positive response was noted with and without metabolic activation in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA1537, and there was a marginal response in strain TA100. C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP DAVIS, VM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 57 IS 1 BP 180 EP 182 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA ER206 UT WOS:A1991ER20600026 PM 2036005 ER PT J AU FENG, P LUM, R CHANG, GW AF FENG, P LUM, R CHANG, GW TI IDENTIFICATION OF UIDA GENE-SEQUENCES IN BETA-D-GLUCURONIDASE-NEGATIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID DNA COLONY HYBRIDIZATION AB A probe specific for the uidA gene of Escherichia coli hybridized with 112 of 116 E. coli isolates examined, including 31-beta-D-glucuronidase-negative and 12 enterohemorrhagic E. coli serotype O157:H7 isolates. Southern hybridizations confirmed the presence of a 900-bp HinfI fragment from the uidA gene in all isolates examined, suggesting that uidA gene sequences are present in most E. coli. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUTR SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP FENG, P (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 19 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 57 IS 1 BP 320 EP 323 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA ER206 UT WOS:A1991ER20600051 PM 2036018 ER PT J AU LYLE, DB WANG, XH AYOTTE, RD SHEPPARD, AR ADEY, WR AF LYLE, DB WANG, XH AYOTTE, RD SHEPPARD, AR ADEY, WR TI CALCIUM-UPTAKE BY LEUKEMIC AND NORMAL T-LYMPHOCYTES EXPOSED TO LOW-FREQUENCY MAGNETIC-FIELDS SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE ELF; MAGNETIC FIELDS; CYCLOTRON RESONANCE; CALCIUM IONS; LYMPHOCYTES ID PROTEIN KINASE-C; BRAIN-TISSUE INVITRO; TOXICITY FOLLOWING EXPOSURE; CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; CEREBRAL TISSUE; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; 2ND MESSENGERS AB Calcium-ion uptake by normal and leukemia lymphocytes increased during a 30-min exposure to a 13.6 Hz, sinusoidal magnetic field at 20-mu-T peak. The time-varying field was horizontal and parallel to a 16.5-mu-T component of the ambient static magnetic field. The uptake of Ca-45(2+) increased 102% in a line of murine, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (C57B1/6-derived CTLL-1), increased 126% in freshly-isolated spleen lymphocytes (C57B1/6 mice), and increased 75% in a line of lymphoma cells (C57B1/6-derived EL4). In contrast, there was no effect when the same field was applied for 30 min immediately before-as opposed to during-incorporation of calcium ions. When spleen lymphocytes were exposed during incubation with Ca-45(2+) to a 60 Hz magnetic field at 20-mu-T peak, a small but statistically significant increase (37%) in uptake of the labeled ions occurred. These results indicate that weak, alternating magnetic fields might affect calcium-dependent functions of normal and leukemic lymphocytes. C1 TERRY L PETTIS MEM VET HOSP,RES SERV,LOMA LINDA,CA. RP LYLE, DB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,RADIAT BIOL BRANCH,HFZ-114,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 56 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 145 EP 156 DI 10.1002/bem.2250120303 PG 12 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA FM271 UT WOS:A1991FM27100002 PM 1854352 ER PT J AU KRAUTHAMER, V BEKKEN, M HOROWITZ, JL AF KRAUTHAMER, V BEKKEN, M HOROWITZ, JL TI MORPHOLOGICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES PRODUCED BY ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION IN CULTURED NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE ELECTRIC FIELDS; TISSUE CULTURE; CELLULAR DAMAGE; HUMAN CELL LINE; RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL ID FIELDS; ELECTRODES; MODULATION; MEMBRANE; CHARGE AB Electric fields, which were equivalent to those generated by medical devices, were applied to cultured neuroblastoma cells (mouse and human) to test for morphological damage and to establish damage thresholds. Each of two methods of applying fields permitted flow of electrical current and minimized exposure of cells to electrode-breakdown products. One method consisted of a pair of parallel wires in a Petri dish by which current was delivered within a fixed volume of flowing tissue-culture media. With the other method, the cells were held in a confined geometrical chamber and current was applied via agar bridges. Under a given set of stimulation parameters, damage was found to be variable from cell to cell. By changing the strength of the electric field (frequency and duration of stimulation held constant), thresholds of several V/cm were found above which cell damage could be reliably produced. Depending on the intensity of the field, damage took the form of cell lysis or damage to neurites. Intracellular recordings from the mouse neuroblastoma cells revealed a correlation between a decline in resting transmembrane potential and stimulus intensity. Human neuroblastoma cells were less susceptible to damage than were the mouse neuroblastoma cells, given the same strength of applied electric fields. RP KRAUTHAMER, V (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,12721 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1991 VL 12 IS 5 BP 299 EP 314 DI 10.1002/bem.2250120505 PG 16 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA GM826 UT WOS:A1991GM82600004 PM 1759980 ER PT B AU HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R AF HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R BE SUBRAMANIAN, KS IYENGAR, GV OKAMOTO, K TI BIOLOGICALLY RELATED NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS - VARIABILITY IN CONCENTRATION ESTIMATES SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH /: MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH : MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES CY DEC 17-22, 1989 CL HONOLULU, HI SP INT CHEM CONGRESS PACIFIC BASIN SOC ID TRACE RP HORWITZ, W (reprint author), US FDA,HFF-7,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1888-9 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 445 BP 50 EP 73 PG 24 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BS49J UT WOS:A1991BS49J00005 ER PT B AU CAPAR, SG AF CAPAR, SG BE SUBRAMANIAN, KS IYENGAR, GV OKAMOTO, K TI ANALYTICAL METHOD ASPECTS OF ASSESSING DIETARY-INTAKE OF TRACE-ELEMENTS SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH /: MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH : MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES CY DEC 17-22, 1989 CL HONOLULU, HI SP INT CHEM CONGRESS PACIFIC BASIN SOC ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CONTINUOUS HYDRIDE-GENERATION; UNITED-STATES; FOODS; SELENIUM; IODINE; EMISSION; EVOLUTION RP CAPAR, SG (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-1888-9 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 445 BP 181 EP 195 PG 15 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BS49J UT WOS:A1991BS49J00013 ER PT J AU DOYLE, TD BRUNNER, CA VICK, JA AF DOYLE, TD BRUNNER, CA VICK, JA TI ENANTIOMERIC ANALYSIS OF PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE IN PLASMA VIA RESOLUTION OF DINITROPHENYLUREA DERIVATIVES ON A HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC CHIRAL STATIONARY PHASE SO BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACIDS; SEPARATION; DERIVATIZATION; NOREPHEDRINE; PRESSURE AB Racemic phenylpropanolamine was resolved on a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) chiral stationary phase (CSP) as the 3,5-dinitrophenyl ureide derivative. The CSP was prepared by a simple in situ procedure in which (R)-(1-naphthyl)ethyl isocyanate was bound to aminopropyl silanized silica through a urea linkage. The enantiomeric ureides were prepared by a room-temperature, 60-second procedure, accomplishing simultaneous extraction and derivatization and utilizing achiral 3,5-dinitrophenyl isocyanate as reagent. Baseline resolution was readily achieved under normal phase conditions, with a separation factor (a) of 1.16 and a resolution factor (R(s)) of 2.2. Elution was complete within 10 min. A limit of detection, by UV at 235 nm, of 250 pg per isomer was established. Feasibility of the procedure for plasma determinations was demonstrated by assay of samples from a canine subject. RP DOYLE, TD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0269-3879 J9 BIOMED CHROMATOGR JI Biomed. Chromatogr. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 5 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1002/bmc.1130050110 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EV247 UT WOS:A1991EV24700009 PM 1851648 ER PT J AU XIE, XF KUAN, SS GUILBAULT, GG AF XIE, XF KUAN, SS GUILBAULT, GG TI A SIMPLIFIED FRUCTOSE BIOSENSOR SO BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article DE FRUCTOSE SENSOR; ENZYME ELECTRODE; D-FRUCTOSE DEHYDROGENASE; ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION; HEXACYANOFERRATE(III) ID FLOW-INJECTION DETERMINATION; IMMOBILIZED ENZYME REACTORS; GLUCOSE AB The construction of an enzyme electrode for one-step determination of fructose has been successful. The enzyme, D-fructose dehydrogenase (FDH), was immobilized on a membrane. Hexacyanoferrate (III) was used as a redox mediator and the change of current due to the presence of fructose was measured amperometrically. The permeability of Fe(CN)6(-4) through different membranes was studied. The electrode response was linear in the range from 1.0 x 10(-5) to 1.0 x 10(-3) M of fructose with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The relative standard deviation of the electrode was 0.68%. The developed electrode is stable for several weeks and assay of fructose with this electrode is not influenced by the presence of glucose or other sugars commonly found in food samples. Various conditions for fructose measurement with this assay system were examined and fructose contents in some food samples were determined in comparison with that of the AOAC standard method. C1 US FDA,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70122. RP XIE, XF (reprint author), UNIV NEW ORLEANS,DEPT CHEM,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70148, USA. NR 11 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PI OXFORD PA OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-5663 J9 BIOSENS BIOELECTRON JI Biosens. Bioelectron. PY 1991 VL 6 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 DI 10.1016/0956-5663(91)85008-K PG 6 WC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Biophysics; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA FF429 UT WOS:A1991FF42900008 ER PT B AU JUSKEVICH, JC AF JUSKEVICH, JC BE VANDERWAL, P WEBER, GM VANDERWILT, FJ TI SAFETY ASPECTS OF BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE SUBSTANCES SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR CONTROL OF GROWTH AND PRODUCT QUALITY IN MEAT PRODUCTION : IMPLICATIONS AND ACCEPTABILITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR CONTROL OF GROWTH AND PRODUCT QUALITY IN MEAT PRODUCTION : IMPLICATIONS AND ACCEPTABILITY CY DEC 05-07, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER SOC ANIM SCI, EUROPEAN ASSOC ANIM PROD, AUSTR ASSOC ANIM SCI, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, USDA, US FDA DE HUMAN FOOD SAFETY; PROTEIN PRODUCTS; SOMATOTROPIN RP JUSKEVICH, JC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUDOC PI WAGENINGEN PA WAGENINGEN BN 90-220-1054-6 PY 1991 BP 171 EP 182 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA BU25T UT WOS:A1991BU25T00014 ER PT J AU STROMBERG, K DUFFY, M FRITSCH, C HUDGINS, WR SHARP, ES MURPHY, LD LIPPMAN, ME BATES, SE AF STROMBERG, K DUFFY, M FRITSCH, C HUDGINS, WR SHARP, ES MURPHY, LD LIPPMAN, ME BATES, SE TI COMPARISON OF URINARY TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-ALPHA IN WOMEN WITH DISSEMINATED BREAST-CANCER AND HEALTHY CONTROL WOMEN SO CANCER DETECTION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE URINARY TGF-ALPHA; BREAST CANCER; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; MICROPARTICULATE SILICA BEADS; SCATTERGRAM; TGF-ALPHA MESSENGER-RNA AB In an effort to explore the use of polypeptide growth factors as potential markers for cancer detection, we have identified the presence of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) in pooled urine of patients with metastistic breast cancer by a commercial radioimmunoassay (RIA) based on a rabbit antiserum raised to the C-terminal 17aa synthetic fragment of rat TGF-alpha. This TGF-alpha RIA detected both high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) forms of TGF-alpha in the conditioned media of a breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and in the urine of healthy women and those with breast cancer. The ratio of HMW to LMW species of TGF-alpha by RIA after Bio-Gel P-100 chromatography was approximately equal in pooled urine samples from both healthy women and those with breast cancer, and in the conditioned media from the cell line MDA-MB-231. Using established procedures for concentrating urinary proteins from 24-h urine samples by adsorption onto methyl-bonded microparticulate silica and selective elution by acetonitrile, TGF-alpha RIA results from women with disseminated breast carcinoma were compared with those of healthy pre- and post-menopausal control women. Analysis indicated a median TGF-alpha-value of 981 ng/g urinary creatinine for urine samples from cancer patients (range 608 to 1737) and 642 ng/g creatinine (range 417 to 941) for control urine samples. Although the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05), urinary TGF-alpha-detection with this assay method appears to have limited usefulness as a diagnostic marker for metastatic human adenocarcinoma of the breast. However, it does confirm that some women with metastatic breast cancer do have increased TGF-alpha in their urine, presumably produced by cancer cells. RP STROMBERG, K (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B-08,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0361-090X J9 CANCER DETECT PREV JI Cancer Detect. Prev. PY 1991 VL 15 IS 4 BP 277 EP 283 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA FY390 UT WOS:A1991FY39000004 PM 1794134 ER PT J AU BOLDT, J MAH, MCM WANG, YC SMITH, BA BELAND, FA MAHER, VM MCCORMICK, JJ AF BOLDT, J MAH, MCM WANG, YC SMITH, BA BELAND, FA MAHER, VM MCCORMICK, JJ TI KINDS OF MUTATIONS FOUND WHEN A SHUTTLE VECTOR CONTAINING ADDUCTS OF 1,6-DINITROPYRENE REPLICATES IN HUMAN-CELLS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN; 1-NITROPYRENE; DERIVATIVES; PARTICULATE; SPECIFICITY; INDUCTION; INVITRO; PLASMID AB To gain insight into the mechanisms by which carcinogens induce mutations in human cells, we have been comparing the frequency and spectrum of mutations induced when a shuttle vector, pS189, carrying covalently bound residues of structurally related carcinogens, replicates in human 293 cells. In the present study, we investigated the mutagenic effects of N-hydroxy-1-amino-6-nitropyrene, a partially reduced derivative of 1,6-dinitropyrene (1,6-DNP). The results were compared with what was found previously in the same assay with N-hydroxy-1-aminopyrene, the partially reduced derivative of 1-nitropyrene. The shuttle vector plasmids were exposed to tritiated 1-nitro-6-nitrosopyrene for 1 h in the presence of ascorbic acid, which served as a reducing agent to generate N-hydroxy-1-amino-6-nitropyrene. P-32-Post-labeling showed that only a single adduct was formed, i.e. N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-amino-6-nitropyrene. There was a linear increase in the number of adducts per plasmid as a function of applied concentration and also in the frequency of supF mutants as a function of adducts per plasmid, reaching 58.8 x 10(-4) above a background of 0.8 x 10(-4). When the frequency of mutants induced when plasmids carrying residues of 1,6-DNP replicated in the human cells was compared with that induced by 1-NP residues, the former was 1.8 times more mutagenic than the latter. Both carcinogens induced mainly base substitutions, primarily G.C --> T.A transversions; but 1,6-DNP adducts produced a significant fraction of -1 frameshifts, with most of these located in a unique run of five Gs in the gene. Polymerase termination reactions indicated that 1,6-DNP adducts were formed at every guanine, but not elsewhere in the gene. The 'hot spots' for adduct formation were not perfectly correlated with 'hot spots' for mutation induction. This indicates that the ultimate biological effect of the chemical depends not only on the number of adducts originally formed, but also on such processes as cellular DNA repair, which may remove such adducts from the plasmids before DNA replication occurs, as well as on the structure of the neighboring bases at the site of the adduct. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FEE HALL,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,E LANSING,MI 48824. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA21253] NR 47 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD JAN PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.1.119 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA EU656 UT WOS:A1991EU65600021 PM 1988171 ER PT B AU HARVATH, L AF HARVATH, L BE GOLDBERG, ID TI NEUTROPHIL CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS SO CELL MOTILITY FACTORS SE EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON CYTOKINES AND CELL MOTILITY CY MAY, 1990 CL NEW YORK, NY SP LONG ISLAND JEWISH MED CTR, NCI, LAB PATHOL RP HARVATH, L (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-7643-2569-0 J9 EXP SUPPL JI Exp. Suppl. PY 1991 VL 59 BP 35 EP 52 PG 18 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA BU19F UT WOS:A1991BU19F00003 PM 1655519 ER PT B AU BOLGER, PM CARRINGTON, CD CAPAR, SG ADAMS, MA AF BOLGER, PM CARRINGTON, CD CAPAR, SG ADAMS, MA BE BERRY, MR ELIAS, RW TI REDUCTIONS IN DIETARY LEAD-EXPOSURE IN THE UNITED-STATES SO CHEMICAL SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY, VOL 3, NOS 3-4, DECEMBER 1991: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE BIOAVAILABILITY AND DIETARY EXPOSURE OF LEAD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE BIOAVAILABILITY AND DIETARY EXPOSURE OF LEAD CY SEP 24-27, 1990 CL CHAPEL HILL, NC SP UN ENVIRONM PROGRAM, SOC ENVIRONM GEOCHEM & HLTH RP BOLGER, PM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOLOG REVIEW & EVALUAT,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LETTERS PI NORTHWOOD PA NORTHWOOD BN 0-946682-10-0 PY 1991 BP 31 EP 36 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA BV64D UT WOS:A1991BV64D00005 ER PT B AU ADAMS, MA AF ADAMS, MA BE BERRY, MR ELIAS, RW TI FDA TOTAL DIET STUDY - DIETARY INTAKES OF LEAD AND OTHER CHEMICALS SO CHEMICAL SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY, VOL 3, NOS 3-4, DECEMBER 1991: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE BIOAVAILABILITY AND DIETARY EXPOSURE OF LEAD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE BIOAVAILABILITY AND DIETARY EXPOSURE OF LEAD CY SEP 24-27, 1990 CL CHAPEL HILL, NC SP UN ENVIRONM PROGRAM, SOC ENVIRONM GEOCHEM & HLTH RP ADAMS, MA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LETTERS PI NORTHWOOD PA NORTHWOOD BN 0-946682-10-0 PY 1991 BP 37 EP 41 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA BV64D UT WOS:A1991BV64D00006 ER PT J AU LITTLEFIELD, NA FULLERTON, FR POIRIER, LA AF LITTLEFIELD, NA FULLERTON, FR POIRIER, LA TI HYDROXYLATION AND DEGLYCOSYLATION OF 2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE IN THE PRESENCE OF MAGNESIUM AND NICKEL SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE 2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE; 8-HYDROXY-2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE; GUANINE; MAGNESIUM; NICKEL ID STRAIN-A MICE; NA+/H+ EXCHANGE; CYTOPLASMIC PH; C-8 POSITION; DNA; 8-HYDROXYDEOXYGUANOSINE; CALCIUM; AGENTS AB Nickel (Ni), a carcinogenic and genotoxic metal, has been shown to enhance deglycosylation and hydroxylation of 2'-deoxyguanosine (dG) that has been caused by ascorbic acid and H2O2. There is evidence that Mg is a competitive antagonist of the toxicological effects of Ni. A factorial design was used to examine the interactive influence of Mg and Ni on the deglycosylation and hydroxylation of Dg under a range of Ph conditions in which ascorbate (Ascb) and H2O2 were added. Formation of guanine (Gu) (deglycosylation) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-Dg) (hydroxylation) appeared in large amounts in samples in which both H2O2 and Ascb were present. The largest amounts of Gu appeared where both Ni or magnesium (Mg) were present. When Mg alone was present, the amounts of Gu was intermediate between these two. Slightly less 8-OH-dG was formed where only Mg was present. The reaction mixtures were more sensitive to the pH than to the respective presence or absence of metals. At slightly acid or neutral pH (6.2-7.0) large amounts of both Gu and 8-OH-dG were formed. Gu formation decreased dramatically between pH 7.0 and 7.2. There was no 8-OH-dG formed at pH 7.8 and only small amounts at pH 7.6. The formation of 8-OH-dG was generally less where Mg was present. When Ni was absent, 8-OH-dG formation was greater in the pH 6.8 mixtures. The formation of Gu and 8-OH-dG from 2'-deoxyguanosine are directly a function of pH. Slight changes in pH greatly effected the formation of these biomarkers of oxidatively damaged DNA. Additional research is needed to determine if this is a cause or effect, i.e. does pH enhance toxicity conditions, thus permitting formation of 8-OH-dG, or does pH permit the reaction to proceed. RP LITTLEFIELD, NA (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,HFT-140-DCT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PY 1991 VL 79 IS 2 BP 217 EP 228 DI 10.1016/0009-2797(91)90084-K PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GE325 UT WOS:A1991GE32500008 PM 1884431 ER PT J AU HEMMINKI, K SZYFTER, K KADLUBAR, FF AF HEMMINKI, K SZYFTER, K KADLUBAR, FF TI QUANTITATION OF THE P-32 POSTLABELING REACTION USING CYCLIC N1,N-2 AND C8 MODIFIED DEOXYGUANOSINE 3'-MONOPHOSPHATES AS SUBSTRATES SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE POSTLABELING; N1,N2-ETHENOGUANINE; N1,N-2-PROPANOGUANINES; C8-AMINOBIPHENYLGUANINE; DNA ADDUCTS; T4 POLYNUCLEOTIDE KINASE ID DIVERSE DNA ADDUCTS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; N-NITROSOPYRROLIDINE; CROTONALDEHYDE; 1,N2-PROPANODEOXYGUANOSINE; ENHANCEMENT; SENSITIVITY; MUTAGENS; INVITRO AB The P-32-postlabeling technique was used to investigate the efficiency of phosphorylation reaction by T4 polynucleotide kinase using seven synthetic adducted deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphates. The adducts included cyclic N1,N2 derivatives and the C8 adduct substrates were detected at a subfemtomole sensitivity except for one of the diastereomeric propanoguanine derivatives. In general, the recommended conditions were found to be proper for an efficient phosphorylation of the adducts studied. Sensitivity of the adducts to the 3'-dephosphorylation reaction of nuclease P1 was also tested. All the complex cyclic adducts were resistant towards P1. However, the ethenoguanine and 4-aminobiphenyl adducts were relatively sensitive towards P1. No differences were noted between diastereomers. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HEMMINKI, K (reprint author), INST OCCUPAT HLTH,TOPELIUKSENKATU 41AA,SF-00250 HELSINKI,FINLAND. NR 24 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PY 1991 VL 77 IS 1 BP 51 EP 61 DI 10.1016/0009-2797(91)90005-R PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA EP536 UT WOS:A1991EP53600004 PM 1845762 ER PT J AU CRAMER, G BOLGER, M HENRY, S LORENTZEN, R AF CRAMER, G BOLGER, M HENRY, S LORENTZEN, R TI USFDA ASSESSMENT OF EXPOSURE TO 2,3,7,8-TCDD AND 2,3,7,8-TCDF FROM FOODS CONTACTING BLEACHED PAPER PRODUCTS SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CHLORINATED DIOXINS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS CY SEP 10-14, 1990 CL BAYREUTH, GERMANY AB Migration studies with paper food-contact articles thought to represent the greatest potential for exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) showed that measurable migration occurred with all articles tested. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) combined these results with food consumption estimates to evaluate potential exposure to TCDD and TCDF from bleached paper food-contact articles. RP CRAMER, G (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PY 1991 VL 23 IS 8-10 BP 1537 EP 1550 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90179-H PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HB104 UT WOS:A1991HB10400057 ER PT B AU DOYLE, TD AF DOYLE, TD BE AHUJA, S TI ANALYTICAL CRITERIA FOR CHIRAL HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO CHIRAL SEPARATIONS BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : CHIRAL SEPARATIONS BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV ANALYT CHEM ID DIRECT ENANTIOMERIC RESOLUTION; STATIONARY PHASES; PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS; DERIVATIVES; SEPARATION; AMINES; ACIDS RP DOYLE, TD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2116-2 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 471 BP 27 EP 42 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BU30H UT WOS:A1991BU30H00002 ER PT J AU FEUERS, RJ MITTELSTAEDT, RA HUNTER, JD SALDIVAR, J TSAI, TH SCHEVING, LE AF FEUERS, RJ MITTELSTAEDT, RA HUNTER, JD SALDIVAR, J TSAI, TH SCHEVING, LE TI CIRCADIAN VARIATION IN ALLOXAN SENSITIVITY OF MICE AS INDICATED BY MORTALITY AND BLOOD-GLUCOSE ALTERATION SO CHRONOBIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE ALLOXAN; DIABETES-MELLITUS; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; CIRCADIAN AB The objective of this study was to determine in mice if a time-dependent pancreatic beta-cell susceptibility to alloxan could be correlated to daily changes in blood glucose levels and to monitor the pattern of blood glucose at various times of day as mice became diabetic. Food was removed from mice standardized to a 12-h light:dark cycle (lights on at 0600 h CST, during the month of June) at 12 h before subcutaneous injection with 0.27 mg/g of alloxan. Six groups of 30 fasted mice were injected at 4-h intervals. Blood glucose levels were measured from each group immediately prior to injection, and at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 216 h after treatment. Animals receiving alloxan during the early- to middark period had an increase in blood glucose after 2 h, followed by a decline to hypoglycemic levels between 4 and 8 h, and recovery to hyperglycemic levels 48 h after alloxan exposure. Three and 30% of these animals were dead at 8 and 48 h, respectively. Mice treated during the midlight span had decreased blood glucose levels 2 h after alloxan treatment followed by an increase to diabetic hyperglycemia within 48 h. Twenty-three and 70% of the animals treated at 1430 h were dead at 8 and 48 h, respectively. At 216 h, total mortality was 45.6% and 81 of the 98 surviving mice were hyperglycemic. These data suggest a greater sensitivity to alloxan during the midlight resting period of the mice. This may be the result of increased sensitivity to the insulin released from the beta cells when alloxan was given during the light span. RP FEUERS, RJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT 120,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU PHS HHS [0095208] NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0742-0528 J9 CHRONOBIOL INT JI Chronobiol. Int. PY 1991 VL 8 IS 1 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.3109/07420529109063920 PG 8 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA GE628 UT WOS:A1991GE62800008 PM 1814605 ER PT J AU PURI, RK LELAND, P RAZZAQUE, A AF PURI, RK LELAND, P RAZZAQUE, A TI ANTIGEN(S)-SPECIFIC TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES FROM TUMOR INDUCED BY HUMAN HERPES VIRUS-6 (HHV-6) DNA TRANSFECTED NIH 3T3 TRANSFORMANTS SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; HHV-6; INTERLEUKIN-2 ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6; ADOPTIVE IMMUNOTHERAPY; METASTATIC MELANOMA; AUTOLOGOUS TUMOR; CARCINOMA-CELLS; T CLONES; IDENTIFICATION; INTERLEUKIN-2; ANTIGENS AB Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) have recently been shown to mediate potent therapeutic effects in certain malignancies in mice and in humans. To understand the mechanism of TIL immunotherapy it would be advantageous to generate tumour-specific TIL and to study a defined system of TIL and target cells in which the tumour epitope(s) recognized by TIL might be identified. We have established tumourigenic cell lines by transfection of NIH 3T3 cells with the entire genome of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and its small fragment (about 5% of the viral DNA sequence). Injection of these cells into nude mice produced tumours termed G-2T and 14-2T, respectively. Cell lines derived from these tumours when injected in NIH Swiss mice produced tumours, G-2TS and 14-2TS, respectively. We have generated TIL from G-2TS tumour that can kill G-2TS tumour cells in vitro but not other related tumours (14-2TS or MCA-106). These TIL can be expanded between 2-6.5 every 3-5 days. The TIL proliferated in tissue culture in response to recombinant interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 and maintained their tumour specificity for up to 6 months in vitro. Their phenotype was Thy 1.2+, Lyt-2+ and L3T4-. The availability of such tumour-specific stable TIL lines and specific viral-transformed targets will provide an opportunity to characterize the tumour-associated antigen critical for the specific cytotoxicity in this system and thereby to clarify the mechanism of this promising immunological approach to cancer therapy. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B20,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 83 IS 1 BP 96 EP 101 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA ER663 UT WOS:A1991ER66300018 PM 1703057 ER PT J AU BERLIN, E KHAN, MA HENDERSON, GR KLIMAN, PG AF BERLIN, E KHAN, MA HENDERSON, GR KLIMAN, PG TI DIETARY-FAT AND CHOLESTEROL INDUCED MODIFICATION OF MINIPIG LIPOPROTEIN FLUIDITY AND COMPOSITION SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RABBIT PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; CASTRATED MALE PIGS; SERUM-LIPOPROTEINS; INSULIN-RECEPTORS; FEED-EFFICIENCY; LIPID FLUIDITY; APOPROTEINS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COMPONENTS AB 1. Miniature swine were fed a low (2.7%) fat control stock diet alone or supplemented with either 20% lard plus 1% cholesterol or 20% lard alone for periods of up to 6 months. 2. Cholesterol feeding reduced VLDL fluidity and LDL fluidity minimally but had no effect on HDL fluidity. 3. Lard feeding had no effect on lipoprotein fluidity. 4. The rigid VLDL produced by cholesterol feeding was enriched in cholesterol and phospholipid contents, similar to beta-VLDL. 5. Plasma cholesterol concentrations were increased by 1.5 to 5-fold in pigs fed stock diets supplemented with 20% lard, with or without added cholesterol, but plasma triacylglycerol concentrations were not affected by either diet modification. 6. Diet effects were complete within 4 weeks with no further changes for periods up to 6 months. 7. Regression of the induced hypercholesterolemia was also accomplished within one month of removing cholesterol from the diet. C1 US FDA,BELTSVILLE RES FACIL,DIV TOXICOL,METAB BRANCH,LAUREL,MD 20708. RP BERLIN, E (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,LIPID NUTR LAB,BLDG 308,ROOM 109,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0300-9629 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Physiol. PY 1991 VL 98 IS 1 BP 151 EP 157 DI 10.1016/0300-9629(91)90593-2 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA ET075 UT WOS:A1991ET07500027 PM 1673371 ER PT J AU CAIRNS, T SIEGMUND, EG AF CAIRNS, T SIEGMUND, EG TI CONFIRMATION OF TRACE LEVEL RESIDUES IN THE FOOD-SUPPLY SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE FOOD SAMPLES; MASS SPECTROMETRY; TRACE LEVELS; CONFIRMATION ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIMETHOATE AB With the recent proliferation of mass spectrometric methods available for the identification and confirmation of various compounds in different environmental matrices, it is timely to address the criteria desirable in a regulatory sample case. The emphasis of this review is on the experimental process of confirmation at concentration levels in the range of low parts per million (ppm) to parts per trillion (ppt). At such levels, various data manipulations or alternate choices of approaching the analytical problem of confirmation must be employed to ensure an acceptable result. The problems experienced when dealing with nanogram levels in analysis are much more complex than when recording a mass spectrum of an ample supply of a reference standard. This review reflects an interpretation of the developing status of confirmation since there does not yet exist "accepted criteria". RP CAIRNS, T (reprint author), DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,FOOD & DRUG ADM,LOS ANGELES,CA, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1991 VL 30 IS 4 BP 397 EP 402 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA GB060 UT WOS:A1991GB06000004 PM 1910522 ER PT J AU LEE, CJ BANKS, SD LI, JP AF LEE, CJ BANKS, SD LI, JP TI VIRULENCE, IMMUNITY, AND VACCINE RELATED TO STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE VIRULENCE; IMMUNITY; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE; PNEUMOCOCCUS; IMMUNITY TO POLYSACCHARIDES; GROUP-19 PNEUMOLYSINS; PNEUMOLYSIN GENES ID III PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDE; ANTI-PHOSPHORYLCHOLINE ANTIBODIES; CONTRASUPPRESSOR T-CELLS; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; TEICHOIC-ACID; C POLYSACCHARIDE AB The pathogenesis of bacterial infection involves a series of interactions between the virulence determinants of the microorganisms and die immunity of the host. Studies on the molecular structure and immunological properties of pneumococcal virulence factors have provided general knowledge for the chemical basis of immunogenicity and prevention of bacterial infection. Antibody responses to PS and protein antigens can be greatly affected by their physicochemical properties, e.g., molecular size, specific determinants, conformation, etc. Characterization of group 19 pneumolysins and cloning of their ply genes were studied to examine the relationship of ply to virulence. Group 19 pneumococci all contained ply; the disease-isolated types of 19F and 19A appeared to show a higher specific hemolytic activity and yield than the nonpathogenic types, 19B and 19C. Genomic DNA that contained the ply gene from group 19 strains were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Type 2 oligonucleotide primers recognized and initiated synthesis of an identical 1.5 kb DNA fragment in types 2, 19F, 19A, 19B, and 19C. Their sizes of restriction DNA fragments were also found to be homologous. Thus, group 19 ply genes showed remarkably similar characteristics. A difficult problem in the development of vaccines against bacterial diseases is the poor immune response of young children to purified PSs. The efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine might be improved by supplementation with inactivated pneumolysin in the form of a PS-protein conjugate. RP LEE, CJ (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 160 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-841X J9 CRIT REV MICROBIOL JI Crit. Rev. Microbiol. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 2 BP 89 EP 114 DI 10.3109/10408419109113510 PG 26 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GE331 UT WOS:A1991GE33100001 PM 1930677 ER PT J AU BLUESTONE, JA CRON, RQ RELLAHAN, B MATIS, LA AF BLUESTONE, JA CRON, RQ RELLAHAN, B MATIS, LA TI LIGAND SPECIFICITY AND REPERTOIRE DEVELOPMENT OF MURINE TCR-GAMMA-DELTA CELLS SO CURRENT TOPICS IN MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENDRITIC EPIDERMAL-CELLS; T-CELLS; LYMPHOCYTES-T; HEAT-SHOCK; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; CYTO-TOXICITY; RECOGNITION; CLONES; REGION C1 US FDA, DIV CYTOKINES, BETHESDA, MD 20014 USA. RP BLUESTONE, JA (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO, COMM IMMUNOL, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0070-217X J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 1991 VL 173 BP 133 EP 139 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA GA068 UT WOS:A1991GA06800018 ER PT J AU SHEU, CJW LEE, JK RODRIGUEZ, I RANDOLPH, SC AF SHEU, CJW LEE, JK RODRIGUEZ, I RANDOLPH, SC TI THE USE OF UNINDUCED RAT-LIVER S-9 TO SUPPLEMENT BALB/3T3 CELLS IN THE INVITRO TRANSFORMATION ASSAY SO DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC-ACTIVATION AB Because of limited inherent capacity to metabolize chemicals to their reactive form, the BALB/3T3 transformation assay using clone A31-1-1 cells requires metabolic supplementation with rodent liver homogenate preparations (S-9). Activation by S-9 is limited, however, by its cytotoxicity to the cells, thus necessitating a reduction in treatment time from the usual 24-72 to 1-4 hr. With cyclophosphamide (CP) as a test chemical, we were able to increase the treatment time to 24 hr by using lower concentrations of cofactors and S-9 prepared from the livers of untreated rats. Statistically significant increases in transformed foci were induced in cultures treated with 50 or 100-mu-g CP/ml in the presence of 100 or 200-mu-g of uninduced rat liver S-9/ml and 76 or 380-mu-g each of NADH, NADP, NADPH, and glucose-6-phosphate per ml of incubation medium. C1 US FDA,DIV MATH,BIOMETR & RISK ASSESSMENT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SHEU, CJW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,GENET TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-0545 J9 DRUG CHEM TOXICOL JI Drug Chem. Toxicol. PY 1991 VL 14 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 126 DI 10.3109/01480549109017871 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA FV876 UT WOS:A1991FV87600006 PM 1889371 ER PT J AU HANNA, GM LAUCAM, CA AF HANNA, GM LAUCAM, CA TI H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPIC ASSAY-METHOD FOR METOCLOPRAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLETS AND INJECTIONS SO DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY LA English DT Article ID PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS; CHROMATOGRAPHIC ASSAY; PLASMA; URINE AB A simple, accurate and specific proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1-NMR) spectroscopic method has been developed for the assay of metoclopramide hydrochloride in tablets and injections. In deuterium oxide, the analyte and acetamide, the internal standard, produced corresponding resonance signals at 1.35 ppm and 2.03 ppm of utility for quantitative purposes. The average +/- SD recovery of drug from 10 synthetic formulations was 99.7 +/- 0.7% of the added amount. The assay of commercial products by the proposed method resulted in average assay values of 100.43 (range = 98.8-100.8, n = 6)% of declared for tablets, and of 99.45 (range = 99.6-100.4, n = 4)% of declared for injections. These results were validated by a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. C1 ST JOHNS UNIV,COLL PHARM & ALLIED HLTH PROFESS,JAMAICA,NY 11439. US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,BROOKLYN,NY 11232. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0363-9045 J9 DRUG DEV IND PHARM JI Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 7 BP 975 EP 984 DI 10.3109/03639049109040833 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FQ709 UT WOS:A1991FQ70900006 ER PT J AU KELLER, RJ HINSON, JA AF KELLER, RJ HINSON, JA TI MECHANISM OF ACETAMINOPHEN-STIMULATED NADPH OXIDATION CATALYZED BY THE PEROXIDASE-H2O2 SYSTEM SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE; ONE-ELECTRON OXIDATION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE; CULTURED-HEPATOCYTES; MEDIATED OXIDATION; FREE-RADICALS; HEPATOTOXICITY; PARACETAMOL; INVIVO AB The oxidation of NADPH catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is markedly increased by the presence of acetaminophen in a concentration-dependent manner. The oxidation follows pseudo-first order kinetics with respect to acetaminophen concentration. The product of the oxidation is enzymatically active NADP+. The stoichiometry of the reaction shows that 1.4 mol of NADPH are oxidized per mole of H2O2 added, and the addition of superoxide dismutase to the reaction mixture increases the ratio of NADPH oxidized:H2O2 consumed, which suggests formation of superoxide as a product. Monitoring cytochrome c reduction in the presence and absence of superoxide dismutase further suggests formation of superoxide. These results indicate that the HRP-H2O2 system oxidizes acetaminophen to the phenoxyl radical, N-acetyl-p-benzosemiquinone imine, which undergoes a rapid electron transfer reaction with NADPH. The NADP thus formed reacts with molecular oxygen to produce superoxide. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP KELLER, RJ (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV TOXICOL,MAIL SLOT 638,4301 W MARKHAM ST,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 19 IS 1 BP 184 EP 187 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EU675 UT WOS:A1991EU67500031 PM 1673396 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SM DOMON, OE MCGARRITY, LJ KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA AF MORRIS, SM DOMON, OE MCGARRITY, LJ KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA TI FLOW CYTOMETRIC EVALUATION OF CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION IN ETHYL METHANESULFONATE AND METHYL METHANESULFONATE-EXPOSED P3 CELLS - RELATIONSHIP TO THE INDUCTION OF SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES AND CELLULAR TOXICITY SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE SCE; CYTOTOXICITY; CELL KINETICS; FLOW CYTOMETRY; EMS; MMS ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; BENZOPYRENE DIOL EPOXIDE; CYTO-TOXICITY; DNA-SYNTHESIS; N-NITROSOUREA; CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS; MUTATION-INDUCTION; STRAND BREAKS; INHIBITION; SURVIVAL AB In order to determine the relationships among the reduction in relative cloning efficiency (RCE), sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) formation, and interference with progression through the cell-cycle, human teratocarcinoma-derived (P3) cells were exposed to either ethyl methanesulfonate or to methyl methanesulfonate. The relationship between SCE and toxicity was quantified, the progression through the cell-cycle was evaluated with flow cytometric methods, and the effects of these chemicals on cell growth and average generation time (AGT) were determined. A strong correlation existed between RCE and SCE (r = 0.978, p < .0001) which was accompanied by an inhibition of growth as evidenced by a significant (p < .0001) negative linear effect of concentration on the relative cell count from 24 to 72 hours after exposure and by a concentration-dependent increase (p < .0001) in the AGT. Delays in the transit through S-phase were evident 4 hours after exposure to toxic concentrations of either carcinogen and by 8 to 12 hours post-exposure at the lower concentrations. Increases in the percentage of nuclei in G2 + M, indicative of G2 arrest, occurred from 12 to 24 hours after exposure. One interpretation of these results is that those effects of EMS and MMS exposure which result in S-phase delay and G2 arrest may be those elements common to the induction of SCE and cellular toxicity. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,BIOMETR STAFF,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MORRIS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120 DGT NCTR,1 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 2 BP 139 EP 149 DI 10.1002/em.2850180210 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GE400 UT WOS:A1991GE40000009 PM 1879406 ER PT J AU ELESPURU, RK ONEILL, JP AF ELESPURU, RK ONEILL, JP TI PRESENTATIONS FROM THE 22ND ANNUAL-MEETING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL-MUTAGEN-SOCIETY APRIL 6-11, 1991 - INTRODUCTION SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV VERMONT,VERMONT REG CANC CTR,GENET LAB,BURLINGTON,VT 05401. RP ELESPURU, RK (reprint author), US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 4 BP 221 EP 221 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GU244 UT WOS:A1991GU24400001 ER PT J AU KUPCHELLA, E CEBULA, TA AF KUPCHELLA, E CEBULA, TA TI ANALYSIS OF SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM HISD3052 REVERTANTS - THE USE OF OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE COLONY HYBRIDIZATION, PCR, AND DIRECT SEQUENCING IN MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22ND MEETING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOC CY APR 06-11, 1991 CL KISSIMMEE, FL SP ENVIRONM MUTAGEN SOC DE SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; DNA PROBES; FRAMESHIFT MUTATION; SALMONELLA AMES ID FRAMESHIFT MUTAGENS; TARGET SEQUENCES; HISTIDINE OPERON; DNA; CARCINOGENS; CLASSIFICATION; SPECTRUM AB A rapid method for determining the DNA sequences of Salmonella typhimurium hisD3052 revertants is presented. DNA colony hybridization was used to analyze revertants previously studied by Isono and Yourno [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71:1612-1617,1974]. Synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes (18-mers) were able to distinguish sequences that differed by a single base pair. Mutant his sequences not identified by probing analysis were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and directly sequenced. The combined use of DNA-colony hybridization and direct sequencing offers a precise and rapid means for the molecular characterization of hisD3052 revertants. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,HFF235,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 30 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 18 IS 4 BP 224 EP 230 DI 10.1002/em.2850180404 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GU244 UT WOS:A1991GU24400003 PM 1748083 ER PT J AU AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE MITTELSTAEDT, RA HEFLICH, RH CASCIANO, DA AF AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE MITTELSTAEDT, RA HEFLICH, RH CASCIANO, DA TI INDUCTION OF 6-THIOGUANINE-RESISTANT LYMPHOCYTES IN FISCHER-344 RATS FOLLOWING INVIVO EXPOSURE TO N-ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE RAT SPLEEN LYMPHOCYTES; NORTHERN BLOT; HPRT; MUTATIONS ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; RESISTANT MUTANT FREQUENCY; MOUSE BONE-MARROW; T-CELL; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; CHINESE-HAMSTER; SPLEEN LYMPHOCYTES; SOMATIC MUTATIONS; GENE-MUTATIONS AB We have developed a limiting dilution clonal assay for determining the frequency of 6-thioguanine-resistant (TG(r)) lymphocytes produced in rats by in vivo exposure to genotoxic agents. Spleen lymphocytes were isolated from female Fischer 344 rats and were cultured with 1-mu-g/ml of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 40 hr. Northern blot analysis revealed that this procedure resulted in increased hprt and beta-actin mRNA synthesis. Conditions for optimum cloning were established by culturing four PHA-primed lymphocytes/well in 96-well round-bottom microtiter plates containing a medium supplemented with interleukin-2. These cultures also contained autologous and/or TK6 feeder cells inactivated with different doses of irradiation. Lymphocyte cloning efficiencies (CEs) were highest in plates containing both irradiated TK6 cells (5 x 10(3) cells/well; 90 Gy) and irradiated autologous feeder cells (5 x 10(4) cells/well; 50 Gy). CE did not depend on the number of primed lymphocytes/well when four or fewer target cells/well were cloned. To measure the effects of chemical mutagens on the frequency of TG(r) lymphocytes, rats were given a single i.p. injection of 0-150 mg/kg of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), a direct-acting alkylating agent, or 0-50 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide (CP), an indirect acting alkylating agent. Lymphocytes were isolated, primed, and cloned at 4 weeks after CP treatment and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after ENU treatment. CE in these cultures ranged from 12% to 27%. Cultures were also established for measuring CE in the presence of 6-thioguanine (TG) and these contained 5 x 10(3) irradiated TK6 cells and 5 x 10(4) primed rat lymphocytes/well. The frequency of TG(r) lymphocytes was calculated by correcting the CE in the presence of TG with the CE measured in its absence. ENU exposure produced a higher frequency of TG(r) lymphocytes than CP, but both chemicals produced a dose-dependent increase in TG(r) cells. In addition, the frequency of ENU-induced TG(r) lymphocytes increased with time after treatment. The TG(r) cells are presumed to be hprt mutants, but further analysis at the DNA level is required to establish this. The dose-dependent responses obtained with both ENU and CP treatments suggest that rat lymphocytes are sensitive to direct- and indirect-acting alkylating agents administered in vivo and that the rat lymphocyte assay is a useful complement to the in vivo/in vitro mouse assay for determining the mutagenicity of environmental toxicants. RP AIDOO, A (reprint author), US DEPT HHS,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT 120,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 62 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 3 BP 141 EP 151 DI 10.1002/em.2850170302 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA FK100 UT WOS:A1991FK10000001 PM 2022192 ER PT J AU JUNG, HW SHAIKH, AU HEFLICH, RH FU, PP AF JUNG, HW SHAIKH, AU HEFLICH, RH FU, PP TI NITRO-GROUP ORIENTATION, REDUCTION POTENTIAL, AND DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGENICITY OF NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE HALF-WAVE REDUCTION POTENTIAL; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; BACTERIAL MUTAGENICITY; MICROSOMAL METABOLISM; OXIDIZED METABOLITES; NITROARENES; NITROREDUCTION; 6-NITROBENZOPYRENE; NITROAROMATICS; GENOTOXICITY; NITROPYRENES AB Nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) are widespread genotoxic environmental pollutants. We have been interested in determining the structural and electronic features that may be useful in predicting the direct-acting mutagenic activity of nitro-PAHs in Salmonella typhimurium. In this study, a series of structurally related nitro-PAHs were used to determine the relationships among direct-acting mutagenicity, orientation of the nitro group, and reduction potential of the nitro group. The compounds consisted of isomeric mononitrated and dinitrated benzo[e]pyrenes, their derivatives,and other nitro-PAHs ranging from two to five aromatic-ring molecules in size. A general finding is that nitro-PAHs with their nitro substituent oriented perpendicular to the aromatic system exhibit either very weak or no direct-acting mutagenicity in S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. However, if a nitro-PAH of this type has a relatively low first half-wave reduction potential, it may be direct-acting. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the first half-wave reduction potential and direct-acting mutagenicity is found only when the compounds are structurally similar. Consequently, the correlation cannot be made using nitro-PAHs with different molecular size. Nitro-PAHs having a perpendicular nitro orientation always have a higher (absolute value) first half-wave reduction potential than the isomer(s) with a parallel orientation. Perhaps due to electron-withdrawing by the second nitro group, dinitro-PAHs always have a lower first half-wave reduction potential than their mononitro analogues. These findings provide a useful molecular basis for interpreting and predicting the direct-acting mutagenicity of nitro-PAHs. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT 12 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204. NR 35 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 3 BP 169 EP 180 DI 10.1002/em.2850170306 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA FK100 UT WOS:A1991FK10000005 PM 2022194 ER PT J AU CAMERON, TP ROGERSBACK, AM LAWLOR, TE HARBELL, JW SEIFRIED, HE DUNKEL, VC AF CAMERON, TP ROGERSBACK, AM LAWLOR, TE HARBELL, JW SEIFRIED, HE DUNKEL, VC TI GENOTOXICITY OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL ACRYLATES IN THE SALMONELLA MAMMALIAN-MICROSOME ASSAY AND MOUSE LYMPHOMA TK+/-ASSAY SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE MUTAGENICITY TESTS; ACRYLIC ACID; S9; MFAS ID MUTAGENICITY TEST; LOCUS MUTATIONS; CELLS; CHEMICALS; CARCINOGENS AB Multifunctional acrylates are being used increasingly as replacements for solvents, and occupational and general population exposure to this structural class is expanding. Four multifunctional acrylates and acrylic acid were tested for mutagenicity in the Salmonella typhimurium and mouse lymphoma L5178Y TK +/- assays. In the Salmonella assay, two of the compounds (trimethylolpropane triacrylate) showed weakly positive results with a single tester strain (TA1535) in the presence of hamster liver S9; the other three compounds were negative. All five compounds were negative in the Salmonella assay without S9 activation. In the mouse lymphoma assay, two of the compounds (acrylic acid and ethylene glycol diacrylate) were positive in both the presence and the absence of S9, one compound was positive only in the presence of S9 (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), and one compound was positive only in the absence of S9 (trimethylolpropane triacrylate). C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. MICROBIOL ASSOCIATES INC,ROCKVILLE,MD. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1991 VL 17 IS 4 BP 264 EP 271 DI 10.1002/em.2850170408 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA FT157 UT WOS:A1991FT15700007 PM 2050134 ER PT J AU KREWSKI, D GAYLOR, D SZYSZKOWICZ, M AF KREWSKI, D GAYLOR, D SZYSZKOWICZ, M TI A MODEL-FREE APPROACH TO LOW-DOSE EXTRAPOLATION SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID CARCINOGENIC POTENCY DATABASE; RISK ASSESSMENT; ANIMAL BIOASSAYS; CHRONOLOGICAL SUPPLEMENT; TOXIC-SUBSTANCES; EXPOSURE; HUMANS; CANCER; SAFETY AB Estimates of risk associated with exposure to low levels of carcinogenic substances present in the environment are generally obtained by linear extrapolation from higher exposure levels at which risks can be estimated directly. In this paper, we examine the scientific basis for the assumption of low-dose linearity in carcinogenic risk assessment and the different statistical methods that have been proposed for linear extrapolation. A model-free approach to linear extrapolation is described and illustrated using epidemiological data on radiation carcinogenesis. The statistical properties of this method are empirically assessed using 572 selected sets of bioassay data. C1 CARLETON UNIV,DEPT MATH & STAT,OTTAWA K1S 5B6,ONTARIO,CANADA. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP KREWSKI, D (reprint author), HLTH & WELF CANADA,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 43 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 90 BP 279 EP 285 DI 10.2307/3430879 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA FD603 UT WOS:A1991FD60300042 PM 2050073 ER PT J AU SAGER, D GIRARD, D NELSON, D AF SAGER, D GIRARD, D NELSON, D TI EARLY POSTNATAL EXPOSURE TO PCBS - SPERM FUNCTION IN RATS SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 10TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOC OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY : LONG-TERM TOXIC EFFECTS OF BIOACCUMULATED POLYCHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS CY OCT 28-NOV 02, 1989 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP SOC ENVIRONM TOXICOL & CHEM DE PCBS; SPERM; FERTILITY; FERTILIZATION ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; TESTICULAR FUNCTION; FERTILITY; MICE; MOTILITY; MILK; TERATOGENICITY; SPERMATOZOA; COMPONENTS AB Our previous studies have found that early exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) through milk of the dam can affect fertility when male offspring reach adulthood. A significant proportion of ovulated eggs in normal females mated to PCB-exposed males do not implant. This effect does not appear to be related to reduced weight gain of pups during PCB exposure. In this study, dams with litters were given peanut oil or a PCB mixture (Aroclor 1254) in oil at doses of 8, 16, 32 and 64-mu-g/g (PCBI, II, III, IV) on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 of lactation. At 120 d of age the male offspring were mated to normal females. Oviducts/uteri of sperm-positive females were flushed and eggs examined at the expected pronuclear, two- to four-cell and blastocyst stages of development. We observed either a significant decrease or a decline in number and percent of normal fertilized eggs and eggs at the two- to four-cell and blastocyst stages in females mated to male offspring of PCBII, III and IV. Neither reduced ventral prostate weights nor an increased incidence of a right kidney abnormality were correlated with reduced fertility. Caudal sperm reserves, sperm production, epididymal sperm morphology and FSH levels were not affected; testosterone levels were not reduced as compared to those of controls. With one exception, epididymal sperm motility parameters were not significantly different. It appears that early postnatal exposure to PCBs affects ability of sperm to fertilize eggs but not production, morphology or motility of epididymal sperm. C1 US FDA,GREEN BAY,WI 54311. RP SAGER, D (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,GREEN BAY,WI 54311, USA. NR 42 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 6 BP 737 EP 746 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1991)10[737:EPETPS]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA FR698 UT WOS:A1991FR69800005 ER PT J AU SRIVASTAVA, VK TILLEY, RD MILLER, S HART, R BUSBEE, D AF SRIVASTAVA, VK TILLEY, RD MILLER, S HART, R BUSBEE, D TI EFFECTS OF AGING AND DIETARY RESTRICTION ON DNA-POLYMERASE EXPRESSION IN MICE SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AGING; DIETARY RESTRICTION; DNA POLYMERASE; CALORIE ID AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-CELLS; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; ACTIVITY FORM; LIFE-SPAN; ALPHA; LONGEVITY; BINDING; MOUSE AB DNA polymerase alpha was isolated from livers of 6-month-, 16-month-, or 26-month-old mice fed ad libitum, or calorically restricted. The enzymes differed in chromatographic characteristics, binding affinity for DNA, and activity, with both total activity and specific activity of DNA polymerase alpha decreasing as a function of age. A positive correlation was observed between polymerase alpha specific activity and the affinity of enzyme binding to activated DNA template-primer. The age-associated decline in enzyme activity was modified by dietary restriction, with measureably higher activity seen for polymerases from dietary restricted animals compared with ad libitum animals of all ages. The data suggest that dietary restriction could act to delay the age-associated decrease in cellular capacity for DNA synthesis, which may play a significant role in prolonging the onset of age-related diseases in which decreased DNA synthesis is a potential component. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72075. RP SRIVASTAVA, VK (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,TEXAS VET MED CTR,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG07739, AG06347] NR 60 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PY 1991 VL 26 IS 1 BP 97 EP 112 DI 10.1016/0531-5565(91)90066-U PG 16 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA EX332 UT WOS:A1991EX33200011 PM 2055287 ER PT J AU SRIVASTAVA, VK TILLEY, RD HART, RW BUSBEE, DL AF SRIVASTAVA, VK TILLEY, RD HART, RW BUSBEE, DL TI EFFECT OF DIETARY RESTRICTION ON THE FIDELITY OF DNA-POLYMERASES IN AGING MICE SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIETARY RESTRICTION; DNA POLYMERASES; MICE; AGING; HEPATIC TISSUE ID PROTEIN KINASE-C; HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; DECREASED FIDELITY; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; SYNTHESIS INVITRO; ACTIVITY FORM; LIFE-SPAN; ALPHA; REPLICATION; INFIDELITY AB DNA polymerases purified from hepatic tissues of C57BL/6 mice showed an age-related decrease in both specific activity and fidelity of the various enzyme forms. Polymerases from dietary restricted mice exhibited less of a decline in specific activity and copied synthetic DNA templates with relatively higher fidelity than did enzymes from animals fed ad libitum. Polymerases treated with inositol-1,4-bisphosphate [I(1,4)P2] showed varying levels of increased activity, with fidelity increases up to 3-fold. These data indicate that aging is associated with decreases in both specific activity and fidelity of DNA polymerases isolated from a nondividing tissue, and that dietary restriction impedes the age-related decline in both specific activity and fidelity of these polymerases. The data further indicate that DNA polymerases may interact with phosphoinositide hydrolysis products resulting in increased specific activity and fidelity of the enzymes. Phosphoinositide interactions with polymerases could constitute an important mechanism moderating the age-related decrease in function and accuracy of DNA polymerases. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL VET MED,DEPT ANAT,DIV CELL BIOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG07739, AG06347] NR 64 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PY 1991 VL 26 IS 5 BP 453 EP 466 DI 10.1016/0531-5565(91)90034-J PG 14 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA GL102 UT WOS:A1991GL10200008 PM 1756777 ER PT J AU BERGHEL, H ROACH, D GREEN, G MEEHAN, J AF BERGHEL, H ROACH, D GREEN, G MEEHAN, J TI AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING GOVERNMENT RELOCATION ALLOWANCES SO EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP BERGHEL, H (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS,CTR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & EXPERT SYST,131 BIOMASS RES CTR,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0957-4174 J9 EXPERT SYST APPL JI Expert Syst. Appl. PY 1991 VL 2 IS 2-3 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1016/0957-4174(91)90113-S PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA FE075 UT WOS:A1991FE07500008 ER PT J AU PENNINGTON, JAT AF PENNINGTON, JAT TI SILICON IN FOODS AND DIETS SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article DE SILICON IN FOODS; DIETARY SILICON AB Information on the silicon content of foods and diets is summarized from published literature, and the silicon content of US diets is calculated based on the Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study model and literature values for silicon in foods. Silicon levels tend to be higher in foods derived from plants than in foods from animal sources. Foods highest in silicon include grains, especially oats, barley and some rice fractions. Average daily intakes of silicon probably range from about 20 to 50 mg/day with the lower values for animal-based diets and the higher values for plant-based diets. The silicon content of adult US diets, based on the Total Diet Study model, is 19 mg/day for women and 40 mg/day for men. RP PENNINGTON, JAT (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 82 Z9 87 U1 1 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PD JAN-FEB PY 1991 VL 8 IS 1 BP 97 EP 118 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA EU699 UT WOS:A1991EU69900010 PM 2015936 ER PT J AU KELSEY, FO AF KELSEY, FO TI THE BIORESEARCH MONITORING PROGRAM SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The Bioresearch Monitoring Program is an agency-wide program introduced in 1977. Its purpose is to ensure the quality and integrity of data submitted to the agency in support of products regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, and to ensure that the rights and welfare of human subjects in clinical trials are protected. The program covers three areas: clinical investigations, preclinical (animal) studies, and institutional review boards. This article discusses the creation of the Program and how it has implemented its purpose. RP KELSEY, FO (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SCI INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 46 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA FC922 UT WOS:A1991FC92200006 ER PT B AU HOLLIFIELD, HC AF HOLLIFIELD, HC BE RISCH, SJ HOTCHKISS, JH TI FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION STUDIES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE FOOD-PACKAGING SO FOOD AND PACKAGING INTERACTIONS II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : FOOD AND PACKAGING INTERACTIONS CY AUG 25-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM ID CYCLIC OLIGOMERS; MIGRATION; MICROWAVE RP HOLLIFIELD, HC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2122-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 473 BP 22 EP 36 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Physical; Food Science & Technology; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Polymer Science GA BU38Y UT WOS:A1991BU38Y00003 ER PT B AU BEGLEY, TH HOLLIFIELD, HC AF BEGLEY, TH HOLLIFIELD, HC BE RISCH, SJ HOTCHKISS, JH TI APPLICATION OF A POLY(TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE) SINGLE-SIDED MIGRATION CELL FOR MEASURING MIGRATION THROUGH MICROWAVE SUSCEPTOR FILMS SO FOOD AND PACKAGING INTERACTIONS II SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : FOOD AND PACKAGING INTERACTIONS CY AUG 25-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM ID VOLUME BASED THEORY; AMORPHOUS POLYMERS; MOLECULAR SHAPE; DIFFUSION; TG RP BEGLEY, TH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2122-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1991 VL 473 BP 53 EP 66 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Physical; Food Science & Technology; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Polymer Science GA BU38Y UT WOS:A1991BU38Y00005 ER PT J AU FULLERTON, FR GREENMAN, DL MCCARTY, CC BUCCI, TJ AF FULLERTON, FR GREENMAN, DL MCCARTY, CC BUCCI, TJ TI INCREASED INCIDENCE OF SPONTANEOUS AND 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE-INDUCED LIVER AND BLADDER-TUMORS IN B6C3F1 MICE FED AIN-76A DIET VERSUS NIH-07 DIET SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LABORATORY-ANIMAL DIETS; LONG-TERM; CARCINOGENESIS; CONTAMINANTS; VARIABILITY; ESTRADIOL; NUTRIENTS; CANCER; TIME C1 COMP BASED SYST INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP FULLERTON, FR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 16 IS 1 BP 51 EP 60 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(91)90134-P PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA ER182 UT WOS:A1991ER18200010 PM 2019351 ER PT J AU HENRY, WW MEDLOCK, KL SHEEHAN, DM SCALLET, AC AF HENRY, WW MEDLOCK, KL SHEEHAN, DM SCALLET, AC TI DETECTION OF ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR (ER) IN THE RAT-BRAIN USING RAT ANTI-ER MONOCLONAL IGG WITH THE UNLABELED ANTIBODY METHOD SO HISTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; BINDING ASSAYS; CELLS AB Application of Sternberger's unlabeled antibody enzyme method for detection of the estrogen receptor (ER) using a rat primary antibody with rat tissues has been discouraged, presumably because nonspecific staining of endogenous IgG was expected with the required anti-rat IgG bridging antibody. Because the blood-brain barrier greatly reduces immunoglobulin infiltration into the brain, we hypothesized that rat brain tissue could be specifically immunostained using rat IgG primary antibodies. A rat monoclonal anti-ER antibody (H222) specifically stained ERs in the brains of ovariectomized but not in ovariectomized estrogen-treated rats. In contrast, the uterus, a well-perfused target organ stained intensely in a nonspecific fashion. Dense populations of estrogen receptors were observed in the medial preoptic area, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the arcuate and ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus. A monoclonal rat IgG directed against alpha-tubulin labeled primarily cortical dendrites quite distinct from the neuronal nuclei that are the primary antigenic sites for the estrogen receptor antibody. These results confirm that the sensitive unlabeled antibody method can be applied to rat brain tissues, even when the primary antibody is rat IgG and that labeling of endogenous IgG may be used as a simple method to evaluate the integrity of the blood brain barrier. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0301-5564 J9 HISTOCHEMISTRY JI Histochemistry PY 1991 VL 96 IS 2 BP 157 EP 162 DI 10.1007/BF00315987 PG 6 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA FV063 UT WOS:A1991FV06300008 PM 1917572 ER PT B AU VANDERVEEN, JE AF VANDERVEEN, JE BE WILLIAMS, CL WYNDER, EL TI THE ROLE OF THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION IN REGULATING FOOD-PRODUCTS FOR CHILDREN SO HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN CHILDHOOD AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN CHILDHOOD AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS CY MAY 02-04, 1990 CL BETHESDA, MD SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, BRISTOL MYERS, EASTMAN KODAK, DIV CLIN PROD, SQUIBB, BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM, CARNAT NUTRIT PROD, GERBER, PARKE DAVIS, BEST FOODS, BURROUGHS WELLCOME RP VANDERVEEN, JE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,200 C ST,SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-658-5 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1991 VL 623 BP 400 EP 405 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb43749.x PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Pathology; Pediatrics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology; Pathology; Pediatrics GA BT59M UT WOS:A1991BT59M00038 PM 2042848 ER PT J AU MATIS, L AF MATIS, L TI SPECIFICITY AND SELECTION OF GAMMA-DELTA-RECEPTOR-EXPRESSING T-CELLS SO IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEIN; LYMPHOCYTES-T; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; BEARING LYMPHOCYTES; THYMOCYTES; MICE; RECOGNITION; DIVERSITY; DISTINCT RP MATIS, L (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-277X J9 IMMUNOL RES JI Immunol. Res. PY 1991 VL 10 IS 1 BP 5 EP 14 DI 10.1007/BF02918163 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA FK719 UT WOS:A1991FK71900001 PM 1650806 ER PT J AU WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A AF WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A TI COMPARISON OF THE INVITRO AND BIOPHYSICAL EFFECTS OF CYCLOSPORINE A, FK-506, AND MYCOPHENOLIC-ACID ON HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES SO IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL ACTIVATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT FK506; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; STREPTOMYCES; EXPRESSION; MECHANISMS; ISOMERASE; RAPAMYCIN; CHANNELS; BINDING AB The immunosuppressive drugs FK-506 and mycophenolic acid (MPA) have recently been described, but their mode(s) of action are not well understood. We have compared them to cyclosporine A (CsA) in several assays. We have shown that CsA (1-mu-g/ml), MPA (0.1-mu-g/ml), and FK-506 (0.5-mu-g/ml) all induce a state of unresponsiveness to anti-CD3 stimulation as measured by [H-3]-thymidine uptake. This suggests that the target of these drugs may be present only after mitogenic stimulation. These drugs also cause a hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane of lymphocytes. This effect is blocked by quinine or verapamil. All three immunosuppressors only slightly modulate the increase in intracellular Ca++ caused by Con-A or by anti-CD3 stimulation but do not affect Ca++ levels alone. They also decrease expression of IL-2 receptors on alpha-CD3-stimulated lymphocytes. Similarities in their modes of action, as measured by these biophysical and cell biological tests, indicate the possibility that these three drugs will show similarities in their clinical performance. C1 US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,HFD 471,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20205. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0892-3973 J9 IMMUNOPHARM IMMUNOT JI Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. PY 1991 VL 13 IS 4 BP 563 EP 576 DI 10.3109/08923979109019723 PG 14 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GW222 UT WOS:A1991GW22200007 PM 1723084 ER PT B AU WHITE, PB KIKUCHI, M MOHAN, K RIEDEL, G AF WHITE, PB KIKUCHI, M MOHAN, K RIEDEL, G GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI OVERVIEW - THE ROLE OF STANDARDS IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE - PANEL AND AUDIENCE DISCUSSION SO IMPACT OF STANDARDS ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1991 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, Impact of Standards on the International Marketplace CY 1991 CL ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC HO ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF STAND & REGULAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-58-0 PY 1991 BP 40 EP 42 PG 3 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA BB76S UT WOS:A1991BB76S00007 ER PT B AU CHAMBERLAIN, VC AF CHAMBERLAIN, VC GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI PROGRESS ON ISO STERILIZATION STANDARDS SO IMPACT OF STANDARDS ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1991 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, Impact of Standards on the International Marketplace CY 1991 CL ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC HO ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-58-0 PY 1991 BP 75 EP 78 PG 4 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA BB76S UT WOS:A1991BB76S00012 ER PT B AU HOOTEN, WF AF HOOTEN, WF GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR QUALITY SYSTEMS SO IMPACT OF STANDARDS ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1991 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, Impact of Standards on the International Marketplace CY 1991 CL ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC HO ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,DIV COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS HF2330,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-58-0 PY 1991 BP 100 EP 102 PG 3 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA BB76S UT WOS:A1991BB76S00017 ER PT B AU CHAMBERLAIN, VC AF CHAMBERLAIN, VC GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR STERILIZATION - BREAKOUT SESSIONS SO IMPACT OF STANDARDS ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1991 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, Impact of Standards on the International Marketplace CY 1991 CL ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC HO ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-58-0 PY 1991 BP 105 EP 115 PG 11 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA BB76S UT WOS:A1991BB76S00018 ER PT B AU HOOTEN, WF AF HOOTEN, WF GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR QUALITY SYSTEMS - BREAKOUT SESSIONS SO IMPACT OF STANDARDS ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1991 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, Impact of Standards on the International Marketplace CY 1991 CL ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC HO ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,DIV COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-58-0 PY 1991 BP 153 EP 167 PG 15 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA BB76S UT WOS:A1991BB76S00022 ER PT J AU HILL, WE KEASLER, SP AF HILL, WE KEASLER, SP TI IDENTIFICATION OF FOODBORNE PATHOGENS BY NUCLEIC-ACID HYBRIDIZATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA HYBRIDIZATION; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; GENE PROBES ID DNA COLONY HYBRIDIZATION; SYNTHETIC OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; TOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VIRULENT YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA; HEPATITIS-A VIRUS; MOLECULAR HYBRIDIZATION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ENUMERATION; SALMONELLA; FOODS AB Nucleic acid hybridization methods have been developed and used to identify microorganisms in foods. Tests performed on mixed cultures save the time required to establish pure cultures. Enterotoxigenic or invasive strains of foodborne bacterial pathogens are detected with probes that identify genes responsible for virulence. Hybridization tests signal the presence or absence of a particular strain or an entire genus and are especially well suited for screening foods for specific pathogens. With the colony hybridization assay format, foodborne bacteria harboring a specific gene can be enumerated. However, hybridization tests require the presence of 10(5) to 10(6) cells to yield a positive result, thereby limiting sensitivity and necessitating a time-consuming growth step. In vitro DNA amplification techniques increase the amount of DNA segments 10(5) - 10(6)-fold in 2 to 3 h, thus enhancing test sensitivity. RP HILL, WE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 51 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1991 VL 12 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/0168-1605(91)90048-T PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA FA169 UT WOS:A1991FA16900006 PM 2018707 ER PT J AU CHIRIGOS, MA USSERY, MA BLACK, PL AF CHIRIGOS, MA USSERY, MA BLACK, PL TI IMEXON AND BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIERS IN MURINE MODELS OF AIDS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; NATURAL-KILLER CELLS; INTERFERON-ALPHA; LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; MICE AB The Rauscher murine leukemia retrovirus system provides an in vivo model of the human acquired immune deficiency syndrome for testing the ability of antiviral agents and biological response modifiers (BRM) to suppress viremia and retroviral disease. In the present report we examined three agents in the Rauscher retrovirus model: imexon, Ampligen and poly[I,C]-LC. Imexon reduced splenomegaly, viremia, and serum reverse transcriptase levels even when treatment was not initiated until 7 days after virus infection. Imexon also significantly prolonged the survival of infected mice. Thus it proved to be an effective antiviral agent in this system, although imexon did not completely eliminate retroviral infection in treated mice. Poly[I,C]-LC and Ampligen had immunomodulatory effects. Both of these BRM augmented the cytolytic activity of splenic natural killer (NK) cells in infected animals when treatment was initiated 24 h after infection. Poly[I,C]-LC had antiretroviral activity when administered on this schedule. In order to examine the role of NK cell augmentation in the antiviral activity of poly[I,C]-LC, we attempted to deplete NK activity by treatment with rabbit antibody to asialo GM1, a ganglioside on the surface of murine NK cells. Combined treatment of infected mice with poly[I,C]-LC and anti-asialo GM, decreased the antiviral activity of poly[I,C]-LC. This finding suggests that NK cells may be involved in the antiviral effect of this BRM. C1 US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,HFD-530,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. USA,INFECT DIS RES INST,FREDERICK,MD 21702. SO RES INST,FREDERICK RES CTR,FREDERICK,MD 21701. FU PHS HHS [1U01A125617] NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0192-0561 J9 INT J IMMUNOPHARMACO JI Int. J. Immunopharmacol. PY 1991 VL 13 SU 1 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.1016/0192-0561(91)90122-N PG 9 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HP981 UT WOS:A1991HP98100005 PM 1823906 ER EF