FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU LEE, C BANKS, S AF LEE, C BANKS, S TI ANTIBODY-RESPONSE AND PROTECTION IN MICE IMMUNIZED WITH PNEUMOCOCCAL TYPE-19F POLYSACCHARIDE CONJUGATED WITH INACTIVATED PNEUMOLYSIN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVAL RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1608 EP A1608 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100051 ER PT J AU OBIRI, NI PURI, RK AF OBIRI, NI PURI, RK TI EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS (IL-4R) ON HUMAN BREAST AND OVARIAN-CARCINOMA CELL-LINES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1716 EP A1716 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100679 ER PT J AU PACKARD, BZ KOMORIYA, A AF PACKARD, BZ KOMORIYA, A TI ONCOIMMUNINS - NEW TUMOR-DERIVED CYTOKINES WITH IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DCB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1695 EP A1695 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100555 ER PT J AU PIKE, SE JONES, KD TOSATO, G AF PIKE, SE JONES, KD TOSATO, G TI A ROLE FOR LACTIC-ACID (LA) IN CELL-GROWTH STIMULATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CBER,FDA,DIV CYTOK BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1932 EP A1932 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27101927 ER PT J AU QIAN, J HILLMAN, K NORCROSS, M GOLDING, H AF QIAN, J HILLMAN, K NORCROSS, M GOLDING, H TI REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY OF EMS-SELECTED CEM SUBCLONES TO HIV-1 INFECTION CORRELATES WITH REDUCED LEVELS OF NK-KB PROTEINS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL & CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1979 EP A1979 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102194 ER PT J AU RADER, JI KAUP, SM WIESENFELD, PW SUNDARESAN, PR HIGHT, SC AF RADER, JI KAUP, SM WIESENFELD, PW SUNDARESAN, PR HIGHT, SC TI INTERACTIONS AMONG DIETARY VITAMIN-A, ZINC, AND COPPER IN FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS .2. EFFECTS OF ZINC AND COPPER SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1783 EP A1783 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27101066 ER PT J AU SISTARE, FD JOSLYN, A PEZUA, C HOHMANN, JR AF SISTARE, FD JOSLYN, A PEZUA, C HOHMANN, JR TI IMMUNOGENIC PROFILE OF PEG-MODIFIED ADENOSINE-DEAMINASE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1905 EP A1905 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27101773 ER PT J AU SUNDARESAN, PR KAUP, SM WIESENFELD, PW RADER, JI AF SUNDARESAN, PR KAUP, SM WIESENFELD, PW RADER, JI TI INTERACTIONS AMONG DIETARY VITAMIN-A, ZINC, AND COPPER IN FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS .1. EFFECTS OF VITAMIN-A SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1784 EP A1784 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27101067 ER PT J AU ZHANG, J HERMAN, EH FERRANS, VJ AF ZHANG, J HERMAN, EH FERRANS, VJ TI INTERSTITIAL DENDRITIC CELLS IN THE HEARTS OF SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS (SHR) TREATED WITH DOXORUBICIN (DXR) AND ICRF-187 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1874 EP A1874 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27101589 ER PT J AU BALA, S FAILLA, ML AF BALA, S FAILLA, ML TI KINETICS OF RESTORING FUNCTION OF SPLENIC T-HELPER CELLS UPON FEEDING COPPER TO COPPER-DEFICIENT RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV N CAROLINA,GREENSBORO,NC 27412. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1209 EP A1209 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901575 ER PT J AU BETTS, M BUTLER, L HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B AF BETTS, M BUTLER, L HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B TI LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM BRUCELLA-ABORTUS INDUCES HUMAN TH1-LIKE RESPONSES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1414 EP A1414 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902769 ER PT J AU BOSWELL, C IRWIN, D GOODNIGHT, J STEIN, K AF BOSWELL, C IRWIN, D GOODNIGHT, J STEIN, K TI STRAIN-DEPENDENT RESTRICTED VH AND VL USAGE BY ANTIBACTERIAL LEVAN (BL) MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES (MAB) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,OFF BIOL RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1222 EP A1222 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901649 ER PT J AU BRAUN, M RUBINSTEIN, L JENNINGS, H STEIN, K AF BRAUN, M RUBINSTEIN, L JENNINGS, H STEIN, K TI COMPARISON OF THE IMMUNE-RESPONSES TO THE CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE OF NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS (MCPS) AND MCPS-TETANUS TOXOID (MCPS-TT) CONJUGATE VACCINE IN BALB/C MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1222 EP A1222 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901651 ER PT J AU BRUNSWICK, M BURKHARDT, A FINKELMAN, F BOLEN, J MOND, JJ AF BRUNSWICK, M BURKHARDT, A FINKELMAN, F BOLEN, J MOND, JJ TI COMPARISON OF TYROSINE KINASE (TK) ACTIVATION USING MITOGENIC AND NONMITOGENIC ANTI-IG ANTIBODIES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1129 EP A1129 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901116 ER PT J AU CASSIDY, MM SATCHITHANANDAM, S CHANDERBAHN, R CALVERT, RJ AF CASSIDY, MM SATCHITHANANDAM, S CHANDERBAHN, R CALVERT, RJ TI EFFECT OF FEEDING SESAME OIL ON SERUM-CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1104 EP A1104 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71900975 ER PT J AU CHANDERBHAN, R WHITTAKER, P AF CHANDERBHAN, R WHITTAKER, P TI EFFECT OF INCREASING IRON SUPPLEMENTATION ON SERUM-LIPIDS IN THE RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1106 EP A1106 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71900983 ER PT J AU FENG, SH TOLEDO, MI STEIN, KE AF FENG, SH TOLEDO, MI STEIN, KE TI VH GENE FAMILY USAGE DURING ONTOGENY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1136 EP A1136 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901154 ER PT J AU FERNANDES, G VENKATRAMAN, JT MOHAN, N HUA, S HART, RW ATWOOD, P AF FERNANDES, G VENKATRAMAN, JT MOHAN, N HUA, S HART, RW ATWOOD, P TI MAINTENANCE OF INCREASED VIRGIN (PGP-1LOW) T-CELLS AND ENHANCED SUPERANTIGEN STIMULATION BY FOOD RESTRICTION IN AGING MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NCTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1416 EP A1416 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902777 ER PT J AU GOLDING, B BEINING, P INMAN, J HOFFMAN, T BETTS, M AF GOLDING, B BEINING, P INMAN, J HOFFMAN, T BETTS, M TI EVIDENCE THAT LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM BRUCELLA-ABORTUS (LPS BA) BEHAVES AS A T CELL-INDEPENDENT TYPE-1 CARRIER IN MURINE ANTIBODY-RESPONSES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1131 EP A1131 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901130 ER PT J AU GRIFFITHS, BB RHEE, HM AF GRIFFITHS, BB RHEE, HM TI HEMODYNAMIC TOXICITY OF HEMOLYSINS OF GROUPS-A(GAS) AND GROUPS-B STREPTOCOCCI(GBS) IN INTACT RABBITS AND RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 EHC,DALLAS,TX 75231. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1306 EP A1306 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902140 ER PT J AU HERMAN, E CHADWICK, D ZHANG, J FERRANS, V AF HERMAN, E CHADWICK, D ZHANG, J FERRANS, V TI MINOXIDIL-INDUCED CARDIAC LESIONS IN RATS OF DIFFERENT AGES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1306 EP A1306 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902138 ER PT J AU JAGADEESH, G ISHAC, EJN KUNOS, G AF JAGADEESH, G ISHAC, EJN KUNOS, G TI PROTEIN-KINASE-C (PKC)-INDUCED MODULATION OF ALPHA-1-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS (ALPHA-1AR) IN RAT HEPATOCYTES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NIAAA,LMCN,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Jagadeesh, Gowraganahalli/G-6408-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1562 EP A1562 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71903620 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM AF KLINMAN, DM TI CROSS-REACTIVITY OF B-CELLS FROM NORMAL AND LUPUS-PRONE MICE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1445 EP A1445 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902947 ER PT J AU LIANG, SM LEE, N RONG, Y AF LIANG, SM LEE, N RONG, Y TI THE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY STUDY OF HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-2 - DOUBLE AND TRIPLE SUBSTITUTIONS OF CYSTEINE RESIDUES WITH ALANINE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1148 EP A1148 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901225 ER PT J AU LIPSCOMB, JC LEAKEY, JEA AF LIPSCOMB, JC LEAKEY, JEA TI EFFECT OF TRIMETHYLTIN (TMT) ON GLUTATHIONE (GSH) AND GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE (GSH-T) WITHIN THE RAT-BRAIN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARMSTRONG LAB,DIV TOXICOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1304 EP A1304 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902128 ER PT J AU MAX, EE MILLS, F FINKELMAN, FD THYPHRONITIS, G AF MAX, EE MILLS, F FINKELMAN, FD THYPHRONITIS, G TI SEMIQUANTITATIVE PCR ASSAY FOR IMMUNOGLOBULIN-MU-EPSILON SWITCH REARRANGEMENT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1134 EP A1134 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901145 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, GV BABU, U JENKINS, MY GRUNDEL, E AF MITCHELL, GV BABU, U JENKINS, MY GRUNDEL, E TI METABOLIC AND IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF RETIRED BREEDER MALE-RATS TO DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION WITH ENRICHED BARLEY OIL SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A969 EP A969 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71900190 ER PT J AU OKOH, C MYCHKOVSKY, I SATCHITHANADAM, S LAKSHMAN, MR AF OKOH, C MYCHKOVSKY, I SATCHITHANADAM, S LAKSHMAN, MR TI BILE-SALTS, INTESTINAL-ABSORPTION AND LIVER-STORAGE OF BETA-CAROTENE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1392 EP A1392 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902642 ER PT J AU ROE, AL SNAWDER, JE BENSON, RW CASCIANO, DA ROBERTS, DW AF ROE, AL SNAWDER, JE BENSON, RW CASCIANO, DA ROBERTS, DW TI HEPG2 CELLS SERVE AS AN INVITRO MODEL FOR CYP2E1-DEPENDENT METABOLISM OF ACETAMINOPHEN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1565 EP A1565 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71903640 ER PT J AU RONG, Y CHEN, YY LEE, N LIANG, SM AF RONG, Y CHEN, YY LEE, N LIANG, SM TI THE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY STUDY OF HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-2 - THE LOOP SIZE OF THE DISULFIDE BOND SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1148 EP A1148 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901224 ER PT J AU SONG, ZZ GATTI, PJ TIZABI, Y RHEE, HM MASSARI, VJ AF SONG, ZZ GATTI, PJ TIZABI, Y RHEE, HM MASSARI, VJ TI DISTRIBUTION OF GLUTAMATE-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVE NEURONS IN THE FELINE MEDULLA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOWARD UNIV,COLL MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1275 EP A1275 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901957 ER PT J AU TAGA, K TOSATO, G AF TAGA, K TOSATO, G TI INTERLEUKIN-10 INHIBITS HUMAN T-CELL PROLIFERATION AND IL-2 PRODUCTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1333 EP A1333 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71902294 ER PT J AU TOMAR, V VENKATRAMAN, JT MOHAN, N ATWOOD, P HART, RW FERNANDES, G AF TOMAR, V VENKATRAMAN, JT MOHAN, N ATWOOD, P HART, RW FERNANDES, G TI FOOD RESTRICTION PREVENTS RISE IN MEMORY T-CELLS IN AGING (FISCHER-344XBN)F1 LONG-LIVED RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,LITTLE ROCK,AR. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1213 EP A1213 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901598 ER PT J AU ZHANG, K MAX, EE SAXON, A AF ZHANG, K MAX, EE SAXON, A TI ALTERNATIVE SPLICING OF EXONS DOWNSTREAM OF THE HUMAN IGE CONSTANT REGION GENE YIELDS MESSENGER-RNAS ENCODING A MEMBRANE-BOUND FORM OF IGE AND A LARGE SECRETED FORM SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 26 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP A1153 EP A1153 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HG719 UT WOS:A1992HG71901251 ER PT J AU GRUBER, MF WEBB, DSA GERRARD, TL AF GRUBER, MF WEBB, DSA GERRARD, TL TI STIMULATION OF HUMAN MONOCYTES VIA CD45, CD44, AND LFA-3 TRIGGERS MACROPHAGE-COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR PRODUCTION - SYNERGISM WITH LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND IL-1-BETA SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN-BLOOD; M-CSF; GRANULOCYTE-COLONY; INTERLEUKIN-1; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; PROLIFERATION AB Stimulation of human monocytes with immobilized mAb directed against the CD45, CD44, or LFA-3 Ag induced the production of macrophage-CSF (M-CSF). M-CSF-specific transcripts appeared at 3 h poststimulation, were further increased by 12 h, and were still detectable at 24 h. M-CSF gene expression was accompanied by the induction of small but detectable amounts of M-CSF protein. LPS and IL-1-beta, but not IL-6 or TNF-alpha, dramatically augmented the ability of anti-CD45, anti-CD44, and anti-LFA-3 antibodies to induce M-CSF secretion but failed to stimulate M-CSF secretion in the absence of antibody. M-CSF activity in the culture supernatants was first detectable at 8 h of culture, peaked at day 2, and declined thereafter. Purified F(ab)2 fragments of anti-CD45 antibody were also effective in inducing M-CSF message and secretion, indicating that the Fc-gamma-RII is not involved in this response. Stimulation of cells with antibodies to the monocyte surface Ag MAC-1, LFA-1, and ICAM-1 did not result in M-CSF secretion. Moreover, LPS and IL-1-beta failed to synergize with these Ag in inducing M-CSF production. Together, these results indicate that stimulation of monocytes via the cell surface Ag CD45, CD44, and LFA-3 can trigger M-CSF production. However, second signals that can be provided by IL-1-beta or LPS are required to regulate optimal M-CSF protein secretion. RP GRUBER, MF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B-11,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 38 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 15 PY 1992 VL 148 IS 4 BP 1113 EP 1118 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HD975 UT WOS:A1992HD97500020 PM 1371132 ER PT J AU TAGA, K TOSATO, G AF TAGA, K TOSATO, G TI IL-10 INHIBITS HUMAN T-CELL PROLIFERATION AND IL-2 PRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; STIMULATORY FACTOR; TH1 CLONES; HUMAN CD4+; IFN-GAMMA; B-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-10; GROWTH; LYMPHOCYTES AB Human IL-10 has been reported previously to inhibit the secretion of IFN-gamma in PBMC. In this study, we have found that human IL-10 inhibits T cell proliferation to either mitogen or anti-CD3 mAb in the presence of accessory cells. Inhibited T cell growth by IL-10 was associated with reduced production of IFN-gamma and IL-2. Studies of T cell subset inhibition by human IL-10 showed that CD4+, CD8+, CD45RA high, and CD45RA low cells are all growth inhibited to a similar degree. Dose response experiments demonstrated that IL-10 inhibits secretion of IFN-gamma more readily than T cell proliferation to mitogen. In addition, IL-2 and IL-4 added exogenously to IL-10 suppressed T cell cultures reversed completely the inhibition of T cell proliferation, but had little or no effect on inhibition of IFN-gamma production. Thus, in addition to its previously reported biologic properties, IL-10 inhibits human T cell proliferation and IL-2 production in response to mitogen. Inhibition of IFN-gamma production by IL-10 appears to be independent of the cytokine effect on IL-2 production. RP TAGA, K (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29,ROOM 505,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 41 TC 423 Z9 427 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 15 PY 1992 VL 148 IS 4 BP 1143 EP 1148 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HD975 UT WOS:A1992HD97500024 PM 1737931 ER PT J AU HERZOG, C AF HERZOG, C TI QUANTIFICATION OF MESSENGER-RNA BY POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION - CYTOKINE IN RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS SO SCHWEIZERISCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT LA German DT Article ID CELLS AB A method for quantitation of specific mRNA species by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been developed by using a synthetic RNA as an internal standard. The specific target mRNA and the internal standard are co-amplified in one reaction in which the same primers are used. The amount of mRNA is then quantitated by extrapolating against the standard curve generated with the internal standard. The synthetic internal standard RNA consists of a linear array of the sequence of upstream primers of multiple target genes followed by the complementary sequences to their down-stream primers in the same order. This quantitative PCR method provides a rapid method of quantifying the amount of a specific mRNA in a sample of < 0.1 ng of total RNA. In addition, the same internal standard RNA is used, with appropriate primer pairs, to quantitate multiple different mRNA species in parallel. This technique affords a very sensitive means of measuring important regulatory cytokines in the local inflammatory tissue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCHWABE & CO AG VERLAG PI MUTTENZ 1 PA FARNSBURGERSTRASSE 8, CH-4132 MUTTENZ 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0036-7672 J9 SCHWEIZ MED WSCHR JI Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr. PD FEB 15 PY 1992 VL 122 IS 7 BP 229 EP 232 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HE238 UT WOS:A1992HE23800005 PM 1539124 ER PT J AU MADHOK, TC BJERCKE, RJ LANGONE, JJ SHARP, BM AF MADHOK, TC BJERCKE, RJ LANGONE, JJ SHARP, BM TI BRAIN NICOTINIC RECEPTORS ISOLATED BY A MONOSPECIFIC ANTIBODY AGAINST A SYNTHETIC ALPHA-3 SUBUNIT RECEPTOR PEPTIDE COMPARED TO A MONOCLONAL ANTIIDIOTYPIC (TO NICOTINE) ANTIBODY SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN; GENE FAMILY; MEMBERS C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. HENNEPIN CTY MED CTR,DEPT MED,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. US FDA,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP MADHOK, TC (reprint author), MINNEAPOLIS MED RES FDN INC,ENDOCRINE NEUROSCI LAB,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-04446, DA-04196] NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD FEB 14 PY 1992 VL 182 IS 3 BP 1303 EP 1308 DI 10.1016/0006-291X(92)91874-P PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA HE697 UT WOS:A1992HE69700047 PM 1540172 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI MORATORIUM ON SILICONE GEL BREAST IMPLANTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 12 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 6 BP 787 EP 787 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HC484 UT WOS:A1992HC48400005 PM 1732641 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW LABELING AND PATIENT PACKAGE INSERT FOR TRIAZOLAM SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 12 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 6 BP 787 EP 787 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HC484 UT WOS:A1992HC48400006 PM 1732641 ER PT J AU GALLO, JM FINCO, TS SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, MU VISWANATHAN, CT QIAN, M AF GALLO, JM FINCO, TS SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, MU VISWANATHAN, CT QIAN, M TI PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF DRUG-INTERACTIONS WITH ANTI-HIV DRUGS .2. EFFECT OF 2',3'-DIDEOXYINOSINE (DDI) ON ZIDOVUDINE KINETICS IN MONKEYS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; 3'-AZIDO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE AB The pharmacokinetic basis of a drug interaction between zidovudine (AZT) and 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI) was investigated in normal monkeys. Five animals received 20 mg/kg of AZT intragastrically in the absence and presence of ddI. ddI was administered intravenously to produce steady-state ddI plasma concentrations for 30 min. Plasma and urine samples were analyzed for AZT, its major glucuronide metabolite, GAZT, and ddI by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Resultant AZT and GAZT concentration data were analyzed by noncompartmental methods. Statistical analysis indicated no differences in AZT's apparent total clearance, apparent volume of distribution at steady-state, and elimination half-life due to ddI, however, the mean apparent total clearance decreased from 2.92 to 1.67 L/h/kg, and the mean apparent volume of distribution at steady-state decreased from 5.79 to 3.43 L/kg in the presence of ddI. Incomplete urine collections in most animals prevented conclusions from being made about ddI's effect on renal elimination parameters. Nonetheless, the urinary GAZT/AZT ratio, a parameter not influenced by incomplete urine collection, was significantly reduced in the presence of ddI. Although additional studies will be useful to characterize the full importance of the interaction, there is evidence to suggest that both renal and metabolic elimination of AZT and renal elimination of GAZT may be inhibited by ddI. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP GALLO, JM (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 8 IS 2 BP 277 EP 283 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.277 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA HG489 UT WOS:A1992HG48900021 PM 1540413 ER PT J AU WOERNER, AM KLUTCH, M LEVIN, JG MARCUSSEKURA, CJ AF WOERNER, AM KLUTCH, M LEVIN, JG MARCUSSEKURA, CJ TI LOCALIZATION OF DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY OF HIV-1 INTEGRASE TO THE C-TERMINAL HALF OF THE PROTEIN SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID MURINE LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RETROVIRAL DNA; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; POL GENE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; AVIAN-SARCOMA; VIRAL-DNA; HTLV-III; INVITRO AB Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) is the viral protein required for integration of the HIV-1 genome into host cell DNA. A series of clones expressing portions of IN as lambda-cII fusion proteins has been constructed in an Escherichia coli expression system; a Southwestern procedure was used to examine binding of the expressed proteins to DNA oligonucleotides. Proteins expressed by clone pHIP106, encoding the entire IN protein but no other pol sequence, and pKNA101, which expresses an IN fusion protein containing 23 amino acids of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase at its amino terminus, exhibited similar levels of oligonucleotide binding. Little DNA sequence specificity was associated with binding activity and there was a preference for Mn2+ over Mg2+ and Ca2+. Interestingly, the protein expressed by an N-terminal clone containing nucleotides coding for IN amino acids 1-141 (including a conserved His-Cys box) was unable to bind oligonucleotide, whereas the protein expressed by a C-terminal clone containing nucleotides coding for amino acids 142-288 exhibited binding equivalent to that of full-length IN. The C-terminal protein was unreactive with a MAb to the lambda-cII leader peptide and with an antipeptide serum directed against amino acids 141-158. These results are consistent with the previously reported internal initiation of IN protein synthesis in E. coli at met 154, and indicate that the C-terminal clone does not express IN amino acids 142-153. These amino acids represent part of a conserved region termed D(35)E, containing amino acids 116-152, which has been implicated in IN DNA binding. Since the C-terminal sequences in IN bind DNA as well as the entire IN protein, our findings suggest that amino acids 154-288 are sufficient for DNA binding and that the conserved region, D(35)E, may not be required. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NICHHD,MOLEC GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 47 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 8 IS 2 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.297 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA HG489 UT WOS:A1992HG48900024 PM 1540416 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH BAGLEY, GP AF RHEINSTEIN, PH BAGLEY, GP TI UPDATE ON BREAST IMPLANTS SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD FEB PY 1992 VL 45 IS 2 BP 472 EP 473 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HC805 UT WOS:A1992HC80500010 PM 1739038 ER PT J AU MERKATZ, RB PROVENCHER, GC AF MERKATZ, RB PROVENCHER, GC TI LAW MANDATES REPORTING DEVICE FAILURES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Editorial Material RP MERKATZ, RB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 92 IS 2 BP 14 EP 14 PG 1 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA HE066 UT WOS:A1992HE06600006 ER PT J AU OSTROW, RS FORSLUND, KM MCGLENNEN, RC SHAW, DP SCHLIEVERT, PM USSERY, MA HUGGINS, JW FARAS, AJ AF OSTROW, RS FORSLUND, KM MCGLENNEN, RC SHAW, DP SCHLIEVERT, PM USSERY, MA HUGGINS, JW FARAS, AJ TI RIBAVIRIN MITIGATES WART GROWTH IN RABBITS AT EARLY STAGES OF INFECTION WITH COTTONTAIL RABBIT PAPILLOMAVIRUS SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PAPILLOMAVIRUS; RIBAVIRIN; RABBIT; WART INHIBITION ID AEROSOL TREATMENT; VIRUS-INFECTION; VIRAL-DNA; INFLUENZA; CANCER; CARCINOMAS; INVITRO; CLONING; TUMORS; AGENT AB The challenge to develop antiviral agents effective against DNA viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV) has been dependent on finding an animal model which mimics the human forms of the disease. We have used an existing model system for the purpose of measuring the effect of antiviral drugs on the inhibition of growth of these lesions. This was based upon domestic rabbits which efficiently grow cutaneous papillomas (warts) when infected with cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV). One agent which had shown significant success in achieving these goals was ribavirin. Ribavirin was administered intradermally shortly prior to infection at multiple sites with CRPV. Following daily injections of this drug for eight weeks, we have shown a dose-dependent response which had markedly reduced the number of warts, the time of first appearance of warts and reduced the tumor mass as compared to placebo-treated control animals. At the highest dose of ribavirin tested, 30 mg/kg/day, compared to controls, the average reduction in the number of warts was 52%, the average time of first appearance of warts was 49% longer, and the average mass of the warts was reduced by 98%. No detectable antibodies to CRPV were observed in any of the animals. The only side effects which were observed was focal alopecia, and a decrease in body growth upon prolonged treatment, both of which were completely reversible. Pharmacokinetic studies established the metabolism of ribavirin over a 24-h period of time. Ribavirin administered beginning 12 or 30 days post-infection, while not reducing the number of warts, slightly retarded the growth of warts as determined by date of first appearance of warts and mass of warts. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH MED,DEPT LAB MED & PATHOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,COLL VET MED,DEPT VET DIAGNOST INVEST,ST PAUL,MN 55108. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. USA,INFECT DIS RES INST,FREDERICK,MD 21701. RP OSTROW, RS (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH MED,INST HUMAN GENET,BOX 206 UMHC,HARVARD ST & E RIVER RD,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. FU PHS HHS [N01-A1-82688] NR 40 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 17 IS 2 BP 99 EP 113 DI 10.1016/0166-3542(92)90045-7 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA HC243 UT WOS:A1992HC24300001 PM 1313222 ER PT J AU LYTLE, CD TONDREAU, SC TRUSCOTT, W BUDACZ, AP KUESTER, RK VENEGAS, L SCHMUKLER, RE CYR, WH AF LYTLE, CD TONDREAU, SC TRUSCOTT, W BUDACZ, AP KUESTER, RK VENEGAS, L SCHMUKLER, RE CYR, WH TI FILTRATION SIZES OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 AND SURROGATE VIRUSES USED TO TEST BARRIER MATERIALS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXAMINATION GLOVES; HTLV-III; TRANSMISSION; CONDOMS; AIDS; RETROVIRUS; LATEX; EFFICACY; LEAKAGE; VINYL AB Filters with well-defined holes were used to determine the effective diameters in buffer of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 1, and four bacteriophages (phi-X174, T7, PRD1, and phi-6), which may serve as surrogate viruses for testing barrier materials. Bacteriophages phi-6 and PRD1 most closely model human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in filtration size. C1 ADV BIOSCI LABS INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. BIOCON INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. BAXTER HEALTHCARE CORP,BAXTER PHARMASEAL,VALENCIA,CA 91355. RP LYTLE, CD (reprint author), FOOD & DRUG ADM CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 58 IS 2 BP 747 EP 749 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HC494 UT WOS:A1992HC49400054 PM 1610199 ER PT J AU DATTA, AR AF DATTA, AR TI L MONOCYTOGENES OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBE SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES RP DATTA, AR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 58 IS 2 BP 777 EP 777 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HC494 UT WOS:A1992HC49400062 PM 1610206 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI AF MILLER, HI TI PUTTING THE BST HUMAN-HEALTH CONTROVERSY TO REST SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROOM 11-34,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD FEB PY 1992 VL 10 IS 2 BP 147 EP 147 DI 10.1038/nbt0292-147 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA HJ612 UT WOS:A1992HJ61200019 ER PT J AU STEIN, RA HORAK, HA LE, K SHIMABUKURO, J HARTER, JG AF STEIN, RA HORAK, HA LE, K SHIMABUKURO, J HARTER, JG TI ANALYZING ANALGESIC TRIALS BY SORTING SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 51 IS 2 BP 124 EP 124 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HE703 UT WOS:A1992HE70300014 ER PT J AU LOVE, PY HARTER, JG AF LOVE, PY HARTER, JG TI PROPOSED NEW ANALYSIS OF AEROSOLIZED CORTICOSTEROIDS (CS) IN RHINITIS STUDIES SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 51 IS 2 BP 127 EP 127 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HE703 UT WOS:A1992HE70300026 ER PT J AU LIEBERMAN, R PECK, C AF LIEBERMAN, R PECK, C TI OPTIMIZING (OPT) STUDY DESIGNS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) IN NEW DRUG-EVALUATION (NDE) SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 51 IS 2 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HE703 UT WOS:A1992HE70300157 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, C HARTER, JG AF WRIGHT, C HARTER, JG TI ANALYSIS OF ACTIVE-CONTROL NSAID TRIALS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 51 IS 2 BP 192 EP 192 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HE703 UT WOS:A1992HE70300282 ER PT J AU ZILBERSTEIN, M MALOZOWSKI, S PARMER, TG TROJAN, S GIBORI, G ROBERTS, CL LEROITH, D WERNER, H MERRIAM, GR AF ZILBERSTEIN, M MALOZOWSKI, S PARMER, TG TROJAN, S GIBORI, G ROBERTS, CL LEROITH, D WERNER, H MERRIAM, GR TI GROWTH-HORMONE MODULATES INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-I MESSENGER-RNA IN RAT OVARY SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. VET ADM MED CTR,TACOMA,WA. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 40 IS 1 BP A49 EP A49 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HA103 UT WOS:A1992HA10300264 ER PT J AU MCKENNA, IM CHANEY, RL TAO, SH LEACH, RM WILLIAMS, FM AF MCKENNA, IM CHANEY, RL TAO, SH LEACH, RM WILLIAMS, FM TI INTERACTIONS OF PLANT ZINC AND PLANT-SPECIES ON THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF PLANT CADMIUM TO JAPANESE-QUAIL FED LETTUCE AND SPINACH SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DIETARY ZINC; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; OXALIC-ACID; METALLOTHIONEIN; AVAILABILITY; COPPER; MICE; IRON; RATS; ACCUMULATION C1 PENN STATE UNIV,GRAD DEGREE PROGRAM ECOL,UNIV PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT POULTRY SCI,UNIV PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,GRAD DEGREE PROGRAM ECOL,UNIV PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,UNIV PK,PA 16802. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,UNIV PK,PA 16802. US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP MCKENNA, IM (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BLDG 007,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 57 IS 1 BP 73 EP 87 DI 10.1016/S0013-9351(05)80020-9 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HE770 UT WOS:A1992HE77000007 PM 1740097 ER PT J AU IWAI, Y BICKEL, M COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH AF IWAI, Y BICKEL, M COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH TI CONCANAVALIN A-INDUCED GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR PRODUCTION IN A MURINE T-CELL LINE IS POSTTRANSCRIPTIONALLY CONTROLLED SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GM-CSF; CONCANAVALIN-A; MESSENGER RNA STABILIZATION; POSTTRANSCRIPTION ID MESSENGER-RNA; CYCLOSPORIN-A; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; INTERLEUKIN-2; MICE AB Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor (HGF) that regulates the proliferation and differentiation of cells of the myeloid lineage. It can be produced by a variety of cells. One of the major sources of GM-CSF is activated T cells, which transiently produce this HGF. We used the EL-4 thymoma cell line as a model system to address the molecular basis for GM-CSF regulation in T cells. Both concanavalin A(ConA) and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) induce GM-CSF expression in EL-4 cells. However, the biological activity of GM-CSF in the supernatants of the TPA-stimulated cells was higher than that of ConA-stimulated cells. To elucidate this difference in biological activity levels, we examined how ConA regulates GM-CSF gene expression in EL-4 cells and compared it to the better-characterized regulation by TPA. Peak mRNA levels of GM-CSF occur 6 h after stimulation with either of these two agents. GM-CSF mRNA levels after ConA treatment are lower and decrease significantly after 10 h compared to TPA treatment, which causes much higher levels that persist for at least 24 h. Neither agent alters GM-CSF gene transcrption. Actinomycin D chase experiments show that ConA increases the GM-CSF mRNA half-life from < 30 to 90 min, whereas TPA prolongs it to > 3 h. These results indicate that GM-CSF mRNA induction by ConA (in common with TPA) is regulated predominantly via RNA stabilization and that the difference in prolongation of the mRNA half-life provides the primary explanation for the lower levels of GM-CSF mRNA induced by ConA compared to TPA. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,HFB-800,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3B-19,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 20 IS 2 BP 271 EP 275 PG 5 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA HB718 UT WOS:A1992HB71800022 PM 1544398 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR AF SHANK, FR TI SCIENCE IN THE MARKETPLACE SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP SHANK, FR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 46 IS 2 BP 78 EP & PG 0 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA HE055 UT WOS:A1992HE05500006 ER PT J AU FULLERTON, FR GREENMAN, DL BUCCI, TJ AF FULLERTON, FR GREENMAN, DL BUCCI, TJ TI EFFECTS OF DIET TYPE ON INCIDENCE OF SPONTANEOUS AND 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE-INDUCED LIVER AND BLADDER-TUMORS IN BALB/C MICE FED AIN-76A DIET VERSUS NIH-07 DIET SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METABOLISM; NUTRITION; ESTRADIOL; TIME C1 PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP FULLERTON, FR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 18 IS 2 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90046-K PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA HD260 UT WOS:A1992HD26000005 PM 1318239 ER PT J AU FEHRINGER, NV GILVYDIS, DM WALTERS, SM POOLE, CF AF FEHRINGER, NV GILVYDIS, DM WALTERS, SM POOLE, CF TI OPTIMIZATION OF AN ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTIVITY DETECTOR FOR DETERMINATION OF TOXIC NITROGEN-CONTAINING FOOD CONTAMINANTS SEPARATED BY OPEN TUBULAR COLUMN GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTIVITY DETECTION; NITROGEN-MODE OPTIMIZATION; OPEN TUBULAR COLUMNS; FOOD CONTAMINANTS ID ATOMIC EMISSION AB The combination of open tubular column gas chromatography with electrolytic conductivity detection has been evaluated for the determination of nitrogen-containing pesticide residues in food extracts. Optimization of the column position at the column-detector interface was crucial to the successful operation of the detector. The signal-to-noise ratio and response stability of the detector are greatly influenced by the composition of the electrolyte solvent. Large volume splitless injections using retention gaps and optimized detector operating conditions enabled pesticide residues in food extracts to be determined at sub parts-per-million levels. Although the electrolytic conductivity detector is less sensitive than the thermionic ionization detector, its greater nitrogen selectivity can he crucial to the determination of nitrogen-containing contaminants in food extracts, particularly in complex mixtures where phosphorus-containing contaminants or matrix compounds are also present. C1 US FDA,PESTICIDES & IND CHEM RES CTR,1560 E JEFFERSON AVE,DETROIT,MI 48207. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DETROIT,MI 48202. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR ALFRED HUTHIG VERLAG GMBH PI HEIDELBERG 1 PA POSTFACH 102869, W-69018 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY SN 0935-6304 J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 15 IS 2 BP 124 EP 127 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA HH038 UT WOS:A1992HH03800012 ER PT J AU RAY, WA GURWITZ, J DECKER, MD KENNEDY, DL AF RAY, WA GURWITZ, J DECKER, MD KENNEDY, DL TI MEDICATIONS AND THE SAFETY OF THE OLDER DRIVER - IS THERE A BASIS FOR CONCERN SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID DRIVING PERFORMANCE; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; DRUG-THERAPY; DIAZEPAM; HYPOGLYCEMIA; AGE; BENZODIAZEPINES; ACCIDENTS; INSULIN; DEPRESSION AB Medications with central nervous system (CNS) effects, including benzodiazepines, cyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, narcotic analgesics, and hypoglycemics, have been thought to have the potential to impair driving. These drugs impair performance in younger drivers and some have been linked to an increased risk of motor vehicle crashes. Even though persons 65 years of age and older frequently take these drugs and are more susceptible to CNS effects, no direct data exist regarding whether or not medications adversely affect driving safety in this population. Thus there is an urgent need for further research in this area. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DIV PHARMACOEPSDEMIOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. BETH ISRAEL HOSP,PROGRAM ANAL CLIN STRATEGIES,BOSTON,MA 02215. RP RAY, WA (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT PREVENT MED,NASHVILLE,TN 37232, USA. FU FDA HHS [FD-U-000073]; PHS HHS [R49/CCR403562] NR 86 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD FEB PY 1992 VL 34 IS 1 BP 33 EP 47 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA HL483 UT WOS:A1992HL48300005 PM 1577502 ER PT J AU BEATTIE, DT SHAHIN, R MEKALANOS, JJ AF BEATTIE, DT SHAHIN, R MEKALANOS, JJ TI A VIR-REPRESSED GENE OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS IS REQUIRED FOR VIRULENCE SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MODULATION; MUTATIONS; SEQUENCES; INVASION; CLONING; MUTANTS; SYSTEM; PHASE; CELLS AB Coordinate regulation of gene expression in Bordetella pertussis is controlled by the products of the vir locus, BvgA and BvgS. In the presence of modulating signals such as MgSO4 and nicotinic acid, expression of vir-activated genes (vag) is reduced, while expression of vir-repressed genes (vrg) is maximal. We have cloned one of these vir-repressed genes, vrg-6, in Escherichia coli. DNA sequencing has shown that vrg-6 is contained on a single EcoRI restriction endonuclease fragment and is predicted to code for a protein of 105 amino acids with a molecular weight of 11,441. The predicted protein product appears to have two domains, one consisting of seven hydrophobic proline-rich pentameric repeats and the other consisting of five alkaline trimeric repeats. Southern blot analysis has revealed vrg-6-homologous sequences in the chromosomes of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis, but, unlike Bordetella pertussis, these species do not express vrg-6-homologous RNA when grown under modulating conditions. In order to assess the role of vrg gene products in B. pertussis pathogenesis, two 18323 derivatives which harbor TnphoA insertions in vrg genes were analyzed in a mouse model of respiratory infection. Strain SK6, which carries a vrg-6::TnphoA mutation, failed to induce lymphocytosis and was significantly less able to colonize lungs and trachea than its parent strain 18323 or than SK18, which harbors a TnphoA fusion in the vrg-18 locus. This is the first evidence that a vir-repressed gene may play an important role in the virulence of B. pertussis and the pathogenesis of whooping cough. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,200 LONGWOOD AVE,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-26289] NR 37 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 60 IS 2 BP 571 EP 577 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HA564 UT WOS:A1992HA56400036 PM 1730491 ER PT J AU PURI, J TAPLITS, M ALAVA, M BONVINI, E HOFFMAN, T AF PURI, J TAPLITS, M ALAVA, M BONVINI, E HOFFMAN, T TI INHIBITION OF RELEASE OF ARACHIDONIC-ACID, SUPEROXIDE, AND IL-1 FROM HUMAN MONOCYTES BY MONOCLONAL ANTI-HLA CLASS-II ANTIBODIES - EFFECTS AT PROXIMAL AND DISTAL POINTS OF INOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROLYSIS PATHWAY SO INFLAMMATION LA English DT Article ID B-CELL ACTIVATION; RECEPTOR; IA; ANION; TRANSLOCATION; LYMPHOCYTES; STIMULATION; MOLECULES; INDUCTION; BINDING AB Incubation of human elutriator-purified monocytes with anti-HLA-DR or DQ antibody inhibited the release of arachidonic acid induced by serum-treated zymosan (STZ), a phagocytic stimulus that is known to induce inositol phospholipid hydrolysis and Ca2+ influx. However, only anti-HLA-DR antibody partially inhibited STZ-induced inositol phospholipid hydrolysis and concanavalin-A-induced Ca2+ influx. Incubation with anti-HLA-DR or -DQ antibody inhibited phorbol ester-induced AA release as well as superoxide production and IL-1 release. Inhibition of monocyte function by anti-class II antibodies was not accompanied by cAMP elevation. Furthermore, addition of exogenous db-cAMP and other agents (forskolin, cholera toxin, or 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine) that increase cAMP levels through different mechanisms, alone or in combination with anti-HLA antibodies, had no inhibitory effect on factor release. Our results demonstrate that perturbation of class II molecules down-modulates cell activation at more than one point of the signal transduction pathway with dominant inhibition distal to inositol phospholipid hydrolysis. They also suggest that the inhibition by anti-HLA class II antibody is probably not mediated via cAMP elevation. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0360-3997 J9 INFLAMMATION JI Inflammation PD FEB PY 1992 VL 16 IS 1 BP 31 EP 44 DI 10.1007/BF00917513 PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA GY325 UT WOS:A1992GY32500004 PM 1312059 ER PT J AU SHIRAI, A COSENTINO, M LEITMANKLINMAN, SF KLINMAN, DM AF SHIRAI, A COSENTINO, M LEITMANKLINMAN, SF KLINMAN, DM TI HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION INDUCES BOTH POLYCLONAL AND VIRUS-SPECIFIC B-CELL ACTIVATION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; B-CELLS; POLYCLONAL ACTIVATION; GP-160 ID ACQUIRED IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY; LYMPHADENOPATHY-ASSOCIATED VIRUS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ANTI-LYMPHOCYTE ANTIBODIES; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; HTLV-III; LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS; T-HELPER; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS AB Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were obtained from HIV-1-infected patients at different stages of disease. The absolute number of IgM-, IgG-, and IgA-producing lymphocytes per 10(6) PBL was increased 2.8-, 3.4-, and 1.9-fold, respectively, compared with normal controls. 2-17% of IgG-secreting patient cells reacted with the gp160 envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 (a 737-fold increase over background), while 1-9% reacted with p24 (140-fold over background). In addition to this HIV-specific B cell activation, the number of lymphocytes reactive with nonviral antigens such as DNA, myosin, actin, trinitrophenylated keyhole limpet hemocyanin, and ovalbumin was increased by a mean of 17.9-fold. Evidence suggests that the latter changes reflect an HIV-induced polyclonal B cell activation unrelated to the production of anti-HIV antibodies. For example, the proportion of IgG anti-gp160- and anti-p24-secreting lymphocytes declined in patients with advanced disease, whereas the number of B cells producing antibodies to non-HIV antigens rose. Moreover, CD4 cell count and T4/T8 ratio showed a significant inverse correlation with the degree of polyclonal activation but not with anti-HIV responsiveness. These observations demonstrate that both quantitative and qualitative changes in B cell activation accompany (and may be predictive of) disease progression in HIV-infected individuals. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,DIV VIROL,RETROVIRUS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NIH,DEPT TRANSFUS MED,APHORESIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 69 TC 159 Z9 161 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 89 IS 2 BP 561 EP 566 DI 10.1172/JCI115621 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HD270 UT WOS:A1992HD27000030 PM 1737846 ER PT J AU ADRIAENS, FA MILLER, MA HARD, DL WELLER, RF HALE, MD COLLIER, RJ AF ADRIAENS, FA MILLER, MA HARD, DL WELLER, RF HALE, MD COLLIER, RJ TI LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF SOMETRIBOVE IN LACTATING COWS DURING A 4TH CONSECUTIVE LACTATION OF TREATMENT - INSULIN AND SOMATOTROPIN RESPONSES TO GLUCOSE-INFUSION SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE GLUCOSE; INSULIN; SOMATOTROPIN ID RELEASE BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN; FRIESIAN DAIRY-COWS; MILK-PRODUCTION; GROWTH-HORMONE; CATTLE; HEALTH AB The effect of sometribove (USAN, methionyl bST) on the endocrine pancreas and blood bST concentrations was investigated in 6 control and 6 treated Friesian cows, averaging 111 and 118 d postpartum in their fourth lactation of treatment. Each lactation the treated cows received sometribove injections (500 mg) every 2 wk (injection cycle) starting 60 +/- 3 d postpartum, increasing milk yield 3.3, 5.9, 1.9, and 4.2 kg/d in lactations 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. On d 8 of a fourth lactation injection cycle, blood was sampled for 390 min,starting blood was sampled for 390 min, starting 30 min before an intravenous glucose infusion (100 mg/kg) over a 20-min period. Preinfusion concentrations of glucose, insulin, and bST were elevated in sometribove-treated cows versus controls: 82.1 versus 74.4 mg/dl, 28.1 versus 19.7-mu-IU/ml, and 4.6 versus .9 ng/ml, respectively. Glucose infusion resulted in a rapid increase in blood glucose and insulin concentrations, followed by a sharp decline to preinfusion values across both treatments, resulting in similar net area under the curves for glucose and insulin. Blood bST concentrations remained unchanged. This study supports the concept that sometribove increases milk yield in dairy cows by chronically influencing homeorhetic mechanisms. C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. MONSANTO SA,B-1150 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. INST GRASSLAND & ENVIRONM RES,SHINFIELD RG2 9AQ,ENGLAND. SYNTEX RES,PALO ALTO,CA 94303. MONSANTO CO,ST LOUIS,MO 63198. RP ADRIAENS, FA (reprint author), MONSANTO PLC,CHINEHAM COURT,BASINGSTOKE RG24 0UL,ENGLAND. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 472 EP 480 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA HC892 UT WOS:A1992HC89200013 PM 1560142 ER PT J AU PALMER, AG CAVANAGH, J BYRD, RA RANCE, M AF PALMER, AG CAVANAGH, J BYRD, RA RANCE, M TI SENSITIVITY IMPROVEMENT IN 3-DIMENSIONAL HETERONUCLEAR CORRELATION NMR-SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Note ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; COHERENCE TRANSFER; NATURAL ABUNDANCE; PULSE EXPERIMENTS; LARGER PROTEINS; ROTATING FRAME; SPECTRA; PROTON; N-15; C-13 C1 US FDA, CBER, DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP PALMER, AG (reprint author), SCRIPPS RES INST, DEPT MOLEC BIOL, 10666 N TORREY PINES RD, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. RI Byrd, R. Andrew/F-8042-2015 OI Byrd, R. Andrew/0000-0003-3625-4232 NR 35 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2364 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD FEB 1 PY 1992 VL 96 IS 2 BP 416 EP 424 DI 10.1016/0022-2364(92)90097-Q PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA HE100 UT WOS:A1992HE10000020 ER PT J AU BOWYER, JF TANK, AW NEWPORT, GD SLIKKER, W ALI, SF HOLSON, RR AF BOWYER, JF TANK, AW NEWPORT, GD SLIKKER, W ALI, SF HOLSON, RR TI THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL-TEMPERATURE ON THE TRANSIENT EFFECTS OF METHAMPHETAMINE ON DOPAMINE LEVELS AND DOPAMINE RELEASE IN RAT STRIATUM SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; CAUDATE-NUCLEUS INVITRO; ENDOGENOUS DOPAMINE; AMINO-ACIDS; L-GLUTAMATE; AMPHETAMINE; 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE; BRAIN; SYNAPTOSOMES; INNERVATION AB When male rats were injected four times (once every 2 hr) with 5 mg/kg methamphetamine (METH) at an environmental temperature of 23-degrees-C, transient changes occurred in the levels of striatal dopamine (DA) and the regulation of striatal DA release. Striatal DA levels were minimally affected 1 day after METH treatment, but 3 days after METH treatment, striatal DA levels decreased to approximately 40% of control. DA levels returned to 70% of control 2 weeks after METH. Similarly, striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity decreased to approximately 50% of control activity 3 days after METH treatment at 23-degrees-C, but did not differ from controls at 1 or 14 days after METH treatment. No changes in striatal DA levels were observed in rats treated with four doses of 5 mg/kg METH at an environmental temperature of 4-degrees-C. Striatal DA levels decreased modestly to approximately 70% of controls 3 days after treatment with four doses of 10 mg/kg METH at 4-degrees-C, but DA levels returned to control levels 14 days after METH treatment. Furthermore, striatal TH activity was not affected by 10 mg/kg METH at 4-degrees-C. Thus, a cold environmental temperature (4-degrees-C) reduced the effects of METH on striatal DA levels and striatal TH activity. Changes in the presynaptic regulation of DA release after either 5 mg/kg (23-degrees-C) or 10 mg/kg (4-degrees-C) METH treatment were determined in vitro using striatal slices. At 1, 3 or 14 days after METH administration, neither the accumulation and retention of [H-3]DA by striatal slices nor [H-3]DA release evoked by either 15 mM K+ or 1-mu-M METH was altered. [H-3]DA release evoked by 100-mu-M glutamate was decreased to 70% of control 1 day after METH treatment. However, 14 days after METH treatment, the glutamate-evoked release from striatal slices was not different from the saline-treated rats. These temporal changes in glutamate-evoked DA release were also observed in rats treated with four doses of 10 mg/kg METH at 4-degrees-C. This decrease in glutamate-evoked DA release preceded the changes in striatal DA levels, but may not always portend striatal DA decreases. Our results suggest that the changes in striatal DA levels and TH activity may not be totally due to the destruction of dopaminergic nerve terminals. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. RP BOWYER, JF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 35 TC 216 Z9 218 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 260 IS 2 BP 817 EP 824 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HD217 UT WOS:A1992HD21700057 PM 1346646 ER PT J AU FLAMMANG, TJ YEROKUN, T BRYANT, MS COUCH, LH KIRLIN, WG LEE, KJ OGOLLA, F FERGUSON, RJ TALASKA, G HEIN, DW AF FLAMMANG, TJ YEROKUN, T BRYANT, MS COUCH, LH KIRLIN, WG LEE, KJ OGOLLA, F FERGUSON, RJ TALASKA, G HEIN, DW TI HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCT AND HEPATIC-DNA AND URINARY BLADDER-DNA ADDUCT LEVELS IN RAPID AND SLOW ACETYLATOR SYRIAN INBRED HAMSTERS ADMINISTERED 2-AMINOFLUORENE SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID ARYLAMINE N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; DEPENDENT METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; AROMATIC-AMINES; LIVER CYTOSOL; ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENS; O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; TARGET ORGAN; GENOTYPE; MICE AB The levels of covalently bound arylamine-hemoglobin and DNA adduct formation were used as dosimeters to measure the effect of acetylator genotype and sex on the metabolic conversion of the carcinogen, 2-aminofluorene, to reactive intermediates. A single high dose of 2-aminofluorene (60 mg/kg b.wt. i.p.) was administered to male and female homozygous rapid (Pat(r)/Pat(r)) acetylator hamsters (MHA/SsLaK) and homozygous slow (Pat(s)/Pat(s)) acetylator hamsters (Bio. 82.73/H). By using P-32-postlabeling assay methodology, a sole nonacetylated DNA adduct, which cochromatographed with authentic N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene was detected at 3, 6, 12, 18 or 24 hr postdosing in liver and urinary bladder DNA of both rapid and slow acetylator hamsters. The highest levels were detected at 18 hr post 2-aminofluorene injection at which time the average levels of hepatic 2-aminofluorene-DNA adducts were similar between male and female rapid and slow acetylators. By comparison, the levels of 2-aminofluorene-DNA adducts in the urinary bladder at 18 hr were about 4-fold lower than in the liver, and were significantly greater in homozygous rapid than in homozygous slow acetylator counterparts (P < .01). In both the liver and urinary bladder, the levels of 2-aminofluorene-DNA adducts were independent of sex. In contrast to the DNA adduct data, the levels of 2-aminofluorene-hemoglobin adducts, evaluated by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were significantly higher in the homozygous slow acetylators than in homozygous rapid acetylators. However, there again were no differences between males and females. These experiments suggest that acetylator genotype affects an individual's capacity to form arylamine-hemoglobin adducts and arylamine-DNA adducts in a tumor target organ such as hamster urinary bladder. Furthermore, the studies support the concept that acetylator genotype should be considered when blood hemoglobin-adduct levels are used to estimate exposure to arylamines. C1 UNIV N DAKOTA,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. UNIV N DAKOTA,SCH MED,DEPT TOXICOL,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. MOREHOUSE SCH MED,ATLANTA,GA. RP FLAMMANG, TJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,HFT 110,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. RI Hein, David/A-9707-2008 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-34627]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR-08248] NR 67 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 260 IS 2 BP 865 EP 871 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HD217 UT WOS:A1992HD21700063 PM 1738128 ER PT J AU CRESCENZO, DG HILBERT, SL BARRICK, MK CORCORAN, PC STLOUIS, JD MESSIER, RH FERRANS, VJ WALLACE, RB HOPKINS, RA AF CRESCENZO, DG HILBERT, SL BARRICK, MK CORCORAN, PC STLOUIS, JD MESSIER, RH FERRANS, VJ WALLACE, RB HOPKINS, RA TI DONOR HEART-VALVES - ELECTRON-MICROSCOPIC AND MORPHOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF CELLULAR INJURY INDUCED BY WARM ISCHEMIA SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 71ST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOC FOR THORACIC SURGERY CY MAY 06-08, 1991 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER ASSOC THORAC SURG ID TERM FOLLOW-UP; FROZEN AORTIC HOMOGRAFTS; REPLACEMENT; ALLOGRAFT; VIABILITY; FREEHAND; POSITION; BANK AB Cryopreserved allograft valves are increasingly being used as valvular replacements. Leaflet fibroblast viability has been suggested to influence clinical durability. The warm ischemic time is thought to be a critical determinant of this cell viability. The purpose of this study was to apply quantitative morphometric methods to characterize, by transmission electron microscopy, valvular cellular injury resulting from progressive warm ischemic time. Porcine aortic valves were harvested with a spectrum of warm ischemic times (40 minutes and 2, 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours; five valves per warm ischemic time; n = 30) and processed by standard electron microscopic methods. To ensure randomized tissue selection within each warm ischemic time interval, we randomly selected one thin section from each leaflet. The first ten cells in each thin section were photographed and cellular injury was assessed (cell disruption, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic edema, nuclear and mitochondrial changes). Nine hundred micrographs have been analyzed by Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel statistics to determine if a significant association between warm ischemic time and cellular injury exists. Our findings indicate a significant association between reversible cell injury through 24 hours of warm ischemic injury (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a significant association between irreversible cell injury and progressive warm ischemia through 36 hours was also found. These findings indicate that the ischemic interval after donor death is associated with progressive leaflet cell injury. Cellular damage begins shortly after donor death and continues incrementally throughout 36 hours. After 2 hours of warm ischemic injury 37% of the cells had morphologic evidence of injury. After 6 hours of warm ischemic injury the number of injured cells increased to 73%. By 36 hours 22% of the cells appeared normal. Irreversible cell injury increases with prolonged ischemia and becomes quantitatively impressive at 24 hours, by which time 26% of cells are so affected. Conversely, some cells are resistant to irreversible injury for a prolonged ischemic interval. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT SURG,3800 RESERVOIR RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NHLBI,PATHOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 20 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-5223 J9 J THORAC CARDIOV SUR JI J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 103 IS 2 BP 253 EP 258 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA HD225 UT WOS:A1992HD22500009 PM 1735990 ER PT J AU CHUMAKOV, KM NORWOOD, LP PARKER, ML DRAGUNSKY, EM RAN, YX LEVENBOOK, IS AF CHUMAKOV, KM NORWOOD, LP PARKER, ML DRAGUNSKY, EM RAN, YX LEVENBOOK, IS TI RNA SEQUENCE VARIANTS IN LIVE POLIOVIRUS VACCINE AND THEIR RELATION TO NEUROVIRULENCE SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; GENOMES AB Mutant analysis by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme cleavage (MAPREC) was used to study sequence heterogeneity and stability in attenuated poliovirus type 3 at positions in which the vaccine virus differs from its wild-type progenitor. Of seven genomic positions tested, only two (positions 472 and 2493) show nucleotide heterogeneity. Propagation of the vaccine virus in cell cultures leads to rapid selection of virus with reversions at these two positions of the genome. The relative abundance of reversions at position 472 correlates with the result of monkey neurovirulence tests, while the mutation at position 2493 is not directly associated with neurovirulence of the virus in monkeys. Instead, the abundance of mutations at the latter position correlates with the source of the seed virus and its passage level. These results further indicate that MAPREC at position 472 can be used to assess the quality of poliovirus type 3 vaccine. RP CHUMAKOV, KM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 29A,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 9 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 66 IS 2 BP 966 EP 970 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA GY965 UT WOS:A1992GY96500040 PM 1309923 ER PT J AU WHITELEY, M NOGUCHI, PD SENSABAUGH, SM ODENWALD, WF KASSIS, JA AF WHITELEY, M NOGUCHI, PD SENSABAUGH, SM ODENWALD, WF KASSIS, JA TI THE DROSOPHILA GENE ESCARGOT ENCODES A ZINC FINGER MOTIF FOUND IN SNAIL-RELATED GENES SO MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE ZINC FINGER; SNAIL; XENOPUS; IMAGINAL DISK; HISTOBLAST ID MEDIATED ENHANCER DETECTION; MELANOGASTER; REGION; EXPRESSION; ELEMENTS; PROTEIN; HOMOLOG; INSITU AB Two independent P-element enhancer detection lines were obtained that express lacZ in a pattern of longitudinal stripes early in germband elongation. In this paper, molecular and genetic characterization of a gene located near these transposons is presented. Sequence analysis of a cDNA clone from the region reveals that this gene has a high degree of similarity with the Drosophila snail gene (Boulay et al., 1987). The sequence similarity extends over 400 nucleotides, and includes a region encoding five tandem zinc finger motifs (72% nucleotide identity; 76% amino acid identity). This region is also conserved in the snail homologue from Xenopus laevis (76% nucleotide identity; 83% amino acid identity) (Sargent and Bennett, 1990). We have named the Drosophila snail-related gene escargot (esg), and the region of sequence conservation common to all three genes the 'snailbox'. A number of Drosophila genomic DNA fragments cross-hybridize to a probe from the snailbox region suggesting that snail and escargot are members of a multigene family. The expression pattern of escargot is dynamic and complex. Early in germband elongation, escargot RNA is expressed in a pattern of longitudinal stripes identical to the one observed in the two enhancer detection lines. Later in development, escargot is expressed in cells that will form the larval imaginal tissues. escargot is allelic with l(2)35Ce, an essential gene located near snail in the genome. C1 NINCDS,NEUROCHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP WHITELEY, M (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Kassis, Judith/0000-0001-9268-3213 NR 28 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-4773 J9 MECH DEVELOP JI Mech. Dev. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 36 IS 3 BP 117 EP 127 DI 10.1016/0925-4773(92)90063-P PG 11 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA HL349 UT WOS:A1992HL34900002 PM 1571289 ER PT J AU GAO, WY HAN, FS STORM, C EGAN, W CHENG, YC AF GAO, WY HAN, FS STORM, C EGAN, W CHENG, YC TI PHOSPHOROTHIOATE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES ARE INHIBITORS OF HUMAN DNA-POLYMERASES AND RNASE H - IMPLICATIONS FOR ANTISENSE TECHNOLOGY SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TYPE-2 GROWTH; OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; ANALOGS; OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDES; TRANSLATION; SEQUENCE; HIV AB Phosphorothioate oligodeoxycytidine (S-dC(n)) was used as a model compound to examine the impact of the number of phosphorothioate linkages and their position on the inhibition of human DNA polymerases and RNase H in vitro. S-dC(n) with a chain length longer than 15 could inhibit human DNA polymerases and RNase H activities, in a linkage number-dependent manner. Longer oligomers were more potent inhibitors than shorter ones. Kinetic studies indicated that S-dC28 was a competitive inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha and beta with respect to the DNA template, whereas it was a noncompetitive inhibitor of polymerases gamma and delta. S-dC28 was also a competitive inhibitor of RNase H1 and H2 with respect to RNA-DNA duplex. Susceptibility of these enzymes to inhibition by S-dC28 was in the order of delta almost-equal-to gamma > alpha > beta and RNase H1 > RNase H2. Structural-activity relationships were explored with a group of C-dC28 analogs that have phosphorothioate internucleotide linkages at various positions. The inhibitory effect depended on the total number of thioate linkages, rather than the position of the linkages within the oligomer or the chain length itself. No sequence specificity was found. In the presence of the complementary RNA, antisense phosphorothioates (S-oligos) exerted a biphasic effect on RNase H activity. At low concentrations S-oligos could enhance the cleavage of the RNA portion of S-oligo-RNA duplex, whereas at high concentrations (in excess of the complementary RNA) S-oligos could inhibit RNase H and protect the complementary RNA from degradation. Together, these results suggest that the non-sequence-specific inhibitory effect of S-oligos should be taken into consideration in designing antisense inhibitors. This inhibitory activity could be avoided by decreasing the number of phosphorothioate linkages at the backbone, and S-oligos of 15-20 residues are preferable in antisense molecule design. C1 YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,333 CEDAR ST,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-44358] NR 28 TC 212 Z9 214 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 41 IS 2 BP 223 EP 229 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HL472 UT WOS:A1992HL47200002 PM 1371582 ER PT J AU LAURENZA, A ROBBINS, JD SEAMON, KB AF LAURENZA, A ROBBINS, JD SEAMON, KB TI INTERACTION OF AMINOALKYLCARBAMATES OF FORSKOLIN WITH ADENYLYL CYCLASE - SYNTHESIS OF AN IODINATED DERIVATIVE OF FORSKOLIN WITH HIGH-AFFINITY FOR ADENYLYL CYCLASE SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PLATELET MEMBRANES; H-3 FORSKOLIN; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; DITERPENE FORSKOLIN; BRAIN MEMBRANES; RAT ADIPOCYTES; BINDING; CAMP; INHIBITION AB 7-(2-Aminoethyl)aminocarbonyl-7-desacetylforskolin (7-AEC-Fsk) and 6-(2-aminoethyl)aminocarbonylforskolin (6-AEC-Fsk) were synthesized and tested for their ability to activate adenylyl cyclase and inhibit the high affinity binding of [H-3]forskolin to bovine brain membranes. Forskolin and 7-AEC-Fsk were equipotent in activating adenylyl cyclase, with EC50 values of about 4-mu-M, whereas 6-AEC-Fsk had an EC50 of about 2-mu-M. 6-AEC-Fsk and 7-AEC-Fsk stimulated adenylyl cyclase about 7-fold over basal levels at 100-mu-M, whereas forskolin produced a 5-fold stimulation. Forskolin and 6-AEC-Fsk inhibited the binding of [H-3]forskolin to bovine brain membranes with K(d) values of 41 nM and 28 nM, respectively, whereas 7-AEC-Fsk had a K(d) of 83 nM. The 3-(3-iodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionamide derivative of 6-AEC-Fsk (6-I-HPP-Fsk) was more potent than forskolin in inhibiting [H-3] forskolin binding to bovine brain membranes, with a K(d) of 14 nM. 6-AEC-Fsk was reacted with I-125-labeled Bolton-Hunter reagent to produce 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk with a specific activity of 2175 Ci/mmol. 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk bound to bovine brain membranes with a K(d) of 13 nM and a B(max) of 3.8 pmol/mg of protein. Forskolin inhibited the binding of 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk to bovine brain membranes with a K(d) of 31 nM, whereas 1,9-dideoxyforskolin only slightly inhibited the binding at 10-mu-M. The binding of 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk was not inhibited by agents that inhibit forskolin binding to the glucose transporter, such as D-glucose or cytochalasin B. There was no displaceable binding of 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk to red blood cell membranes, which contain a large concentration of the glucose transporter. Pretreatment of bovine brain membranes with an alkylating derivative of forskolin, 7-bromoacetyl-7-desacetylforskolin (BrAcFsk), led to an irreversible decrease in the binding of [H-3]forskolin and 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk. The time dependence and concentration dependence for the BrAcFsk-induced decrease in [H-3]forskolin binding sites were identical to those observed for the decrease in 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk binding sites. 6-I-125-HHP-Fsk binding was determined in human platelet membranes in the presence of Mg2+ alone and in combination with guanosine 5'-O-(3-thio)triphosphate (GTP(gamma)S) or AIF4-. The presence of GTP(gamma)S or AIF4- increased the binding of 6-I-125-HPP-Fsk by 4.5-fold and 4-fold, respectively. An identical increase in [H-3]forskolin binding was observed in the presence of GTP(gamma)S or AIF4-. C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, MOLEC PHARMACOL, 8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 48 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0026-895X EI 1521-0111 J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 41 IS 2 BP 360 EP 368 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HL472 UT WOS:A1992HL47200020 PM 1538712 ER PT J AU KITTNER, SJ SHARKNESS, CM SLOAN, MA PRICE, TR DAMBROSIA, JM TUHRIM, S WOLF, PA MOHR, JP HIER, DB CAPLAN, LR AF KITTNER, SJ SHARKNESS, CM SLOAN, MA PRICE, TR DAMBROSIA, JM TUHRIM, S WOLF, PA MOHR, JP HIER, DB CAPLAN, LR TI INFARCTS WITH A CARDIAC SOURCE OF EMBOLISM IN THE NINDS STROKE DATA-BANK - NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID APHASIA; HEMIPARESIS; FEATURES AB To gain insight into neurologic signs relevant to the diagnosis of cardiogenic embolism, we analyzed data from 1,290 patients with cerebral infarcts in the NINDS Stroke Data Bank. Based solely on the presence of potential cardiac sources of embolism, we divided patients into groups of high (N = 250), medium (N = 167), and low (N = 873) risk of a cardiogenic mechanism for their stroke. Diminished level of consciousness was highly associated with the presence of a cardiac source of embolism. Of the four primarily cortical deficits assessed, three (visual field abnormalities, neglect, and aphasia) showed a highly significant graded relationship to the cardiac risk groups. For the fourth cortical deficit (other nonlanguage cognitive functions), this relationship did not attain statistical significance. Conversely, hemiparesis without sensory or cortical deficits had a strong inverse association to the presence of a cardiac source of embolism. This inverse association was weaker for sensorimotor strokes and nonexistent for pure sensory strokes. Although some neurologic findings had highly significant associations with the presence of a cardiac source of embolism, their predictive value for an embolic source was low. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NEUROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & PREVENT MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD. NINCDS,BIOMETRY & FIELD STUDIES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. MT SINAI MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,BOSTON,MA 02118. COLUMBIA PRESBYTERIAN MED CTR,INST NEUROL,NEW YORK,NY 10032. UNIV ILLINOIS HOSP,DEPT NEUROL,CHICAGO,IL 60612. TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,BOSTON,MA 02111. FU NINDS NIH HHS [N01-NS-2-2302, N01-NS-2-2399, N01-NS-2-2384] NR 24 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD FEB PY 1992 VL 42 IS 2 BP 299 EP 302 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA HD792 UT WOS:A1992HD79200007 PM 1736157 ER PT J AU QIAN, MX SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, M VISHWANATHAN, CT GALLO, JM AF QIAN, MX SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, M VISHWANATHAN, CT GALLO, JM TI PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF DRUG-INTERACTIONS WITH ANTI-HUMAN IMMUNOTROPIC VIRUS (HIV) DRUGS .3. 2',3'-DIDEOXYCYTIDINE (DDC) AND ZIDOVUDINE IN MONKEYS SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ANTI-HUMAN IMMUNOTROPHIC VIRUS (HIV) NUCLEOSIDES; DRUG INTERACTIONS; PHARMACOKINETICS; MONKEYS ID INVITRO; 2',3'-DIDEOXYNUCLEOSIDES; INFECTIVITY; DISPOSITION; METABOLISM; AIDS AB A pharmacokinetic evaluation of a potential drug interaction between zidovudine (AZT) and dideoxycytidine (ddC) was conducted in monkeys. Each of six animals received 20 mg/kg of AZT intragastrically in the absence and presence of an intravenous steady-state dosage regimen of ddC. The regimen was designed to produce steady-state ddC plasma concentration of 1.77-mu-g/ml for 30 min. Plasma and urine samples were analyzed for AZT, its major glucuronide metabolite, GAZT, and ddC by HPLC techniques. Pharmacokinetic parameters for AZT and GAZT were calculated by noncompartmental methods. The mean apparent clearance of AZT was 1.40 and 1.78 L/hr/kg in the absence and presence of ddC, respectively. The mean AUC for GAZT was 36.39-mu-g-hr/ml in the absence of ddC and 28.81-mu-g-hr/ml in the presence of ddC. No statistical differences were found in these and other pharmacokinetic parameters in the absence and presence of ddC. The absence of an effect on AZT's pharmacokinetics by ddC is attributed to the primary metabolic and renal elimination pathways for AZT and ddC, respectively. The results of this study provide a rational basis to design combined AZT-ddC treatment regimens in AIDS patients. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT,ATHENS,GA 30602. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. FU PHS HHS [223-89-3806] NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 9 IS 2 BP 224 EP 227 DI 10.1023/A:1018941507979 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HC291 UT WOS:A1992HC29100013 PM 1313173 ER PT J AU LIN, CS SHOAF, SE GRIFFITHS, JC AF LIN, CS SHOAF, SE GRIFFITHS, JC TI PHARMACOKINETIC DATA IN THE EVALUATION OF THE SAFETY OF FOOD AND COLOR ADDITIVES SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; HUMAN CARCINOGENS; MICE; DICHLOROMETHANE; INDUCTION; RATS; METABOLISM; LIVER; MECHANISM; BIOASSAYS C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LIN, CS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 68 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 15 IS 1 BP 62 EP 72 DI 10.1016/0273-2300(92)90084-M PG 11 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HB585 UT WOS:A1992HB58500008 PM 1553413 ER PT J AU ANSON, JF LABORDE, JB PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG HANSEN, DK SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF AF ANSON, JF LABORDE, JB PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG HANSEN, DK SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF TI TARGET TISSUE-SPECIFICITY OF RETINOIC ACID-INDUCED STRESS PROTEINS AND MALFORMATIONS IN MICE - REPLY SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP ANSON, JF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD FEB PY 1992 VL 45 IS 2 BP 123 EP 124 DI 10.1002/tera.1420450203 PG 2 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA HB496 UT WOS:A1992HB49600002 ER PT J AU CASTEEL, SW JOHNSON, GC WAGSTAFF, DJ AF CASTEEL, SW JOHNSON, GC WAGSTAFF, DJ TI AESCULUS-GLABRA INTOXICATION IN CATTLE SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,HFF108,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP CASTEEL, SW (reprint author), VET MED DIAGNOST LAB,POB 6023,COLUMBIA,MO 65205, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB PI MANHATTAN PA KANSAS STATE UNIV, MANHATTAN, KS 66506-5606 SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1992 VL 34 IS 1 BP 55 EP 55 PG 1 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA HD438 UT WOS:A1992HD43800013 PM 1621363 ER PT J AU AMBROSE, MG FREESE, SJ REINHOLD, MS WARNER, TG VANN, WF AF AMBROSE, MG FREESE, SJ REINHOLD, MS WARNER, TG VANN, WF TI C-13 NMR INVESTIGATION OF THE ANOMERIC SPECIFICITY OF CMP-N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID SYNTHETASE FROM ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYTIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; PURIFICATION AB The anomeric specificity of Escherichia coli CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuAc) synthetase was investigated by NMR using C-13-labeled N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc). Consumption of the beta-anomer of [2-C-13]N-acetylneuraminic acid was observed upon addition of enzyme, with a concomitant appearance of an anomeric resonance for CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid. Inhibition by substrate analogues confirms the importance of the anomeric center for interaction of substrate with the enzyme. The fate of the anomeric oxygen was determined in a similar manner using [2-C-13,(50 atom %)O-18]N-acetylneuraminic acid. An upfield shift of 1.5 Hz in the anomeric resonance of both the [C-13]NeuAc substrate and CMP-[C-13]NeuAc product was observed due to the O-18 substitution. This result implies conservation of the NeuAc oxygen. Results of steady-state kinetic analysis suggest a sequential-type mechanism and therefore no covalent intermediate. Thus, CMP-beta-NeuAc is probably formed by a direct transfer of the anomeric oxygen of beta-NeuAc to the alpha-phosphate of CTP. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDES LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS22323] NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 28 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 3 BP 775 EP 780 DI 10.1021/bi00118a019 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HB536 UT WOS:A1992HB53600019 PM 1731934 ER PT J AU FUHR, U DOEHMER, J BATTULA, N WOLFEL, C KUDLA, C KEITA, Y STAIB, AH AF FUHR, U DOEHMER, J BATTULA, N WOLFEL, C KUDLA, C KEITA, Y STAIB, AH TI BIOTRANSFORMATION OF CAFFEINE AND THEOPHYLLINE IN MAMMALIAN-CELL LINES GENETICALLY ENGINEERED FOR EXPRESSION OF SINGLE CYTOCHROME-P450 ISOFORMS SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-LIVER-MICROSOMES; CHINESE-HAMSTER-CELLS; STABLE EXPRESSION; RAT HEPATOCYTES; METABOLISM; INHIBITION; V79; FURAFYLLINE; CDNA AB Primary steps in the metabolism of caffeine and theophylline are cleavage of methyl groups and/or hydroxylation at position 8, mediated by cytochromes P450. V79 Chinese hamster cells genetically engineered for stable expression of single forms of rat cytochromes P450IA1, P450IA2 and P450IIB1 and human P450IA2 and rat liver epithelial cells expressing murine P450IA2 were used to overcome problems arising in the proper allocation of metabolic pathways to specific isoforms by conventional techniques. These cell lines were exposed to caffeine and/or theophylline, and concentrations of metabolites formed in the medium were determined by HPLC. Caffeine was metabolized by human, rat and murine P450IA2, resulting in the formation of four primary demethylated and hydroxylated metabolites. However, there were differences in the relative amounts of the metabolites. The human and the mouse P450IA2 isoforms predominantly mediated 3-demethylation of caffeine. The rat cytochrome P450IA2 mediated both 3-demethylation and 1-demethylation of caffeine to a similar extent. Theophylline was metabolized mainly via 8-hydroxylation. All cell lines tested were able to carry out this reaction, with highest activities in cell lines expressing rat or human P450IA2, or rat P450IA1. These results support the hypothesis that caffeine plasma clearance is a specfic in vivo probe for determining human P450IA2 activity. C1 UNIV FRANKFURT KLINIKUM,DEPT CLIN PHARMACOL,W-6000 FRANKFURT 70,GERMANY. TECH UNIV MUNICH,INST TOXIKOL & UMWELTHYG,W-8000 MUNICH 2,GERMANY. UNIV MAINZ,INST TOXICOL,W-6500 MAINZ,GERMANY. US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,KENSINGTON,MD 20895. NR 34 TC 153 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD JAN 22 PY 1992 VL 43 IS 2 BP 225 EP 235 DI 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90282-N PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HB891 UT WOS:A1992HB89100015 PM 1739411 ER PT J AU MORRIS, LA GRAHAM, CF AF MORRIS, LA GRAHAM, CF TI DIRECT-TO-CONSUMER ADVERTISING WITH ADDED INDUCEMENTS - REPLY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP MORRIS, LA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 22 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 4 BP 508 EP 508 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GZ439 UT WOS:A1992GZ43900016 ER PT J AU HEYES, MP JORDAN, EK LEE, K SAITO, K FRANK, JA SNOY, PJ MARKEY, SP GRAVELL, M AF HEYES, MP JORDAN, EK LEE, K SAITO, K FRANK, JA SNOY, PJ MARKEY, SP GRAVELL, M TI RELATIONSHIP OF NEUROLOGIC STATUS IN MACAQUES INFECTED WITH THE SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TO CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID QUINOLINIC ACID AND KYNURENIC ACID SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE EXCITOTOXIN; N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR; BRAIN ATROPHY; SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; KYNURENINE PATHWAY; INDOLEAMINE-2,3-DIOXYGENASE ID METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; TRYPTOPHAN DEGRADATION; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; RHESUS MACAQUES; HIV-1 INFECTION; D-RETROVIRUS; RAT-BRAIN AB Increased concentrations of the excitotoxin quinolinic acid (QUIN) have been implicated in the neurologic deficits and brain atrophy that may accompany infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type-1. Key neuropathologic features of the AIDS encephalitis are replicated in some macaques following infection with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). In the present studies, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) QUIN concentrations increased within 2 weeks following infection of 11 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with a neurotropic sooty mangabey isolate of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV(sm)) and were sustained to > 2 standard deviations above uninfected control macaques. Highest CSF QUIN concentrations (up to 400-fold above pre-inoculation levels) were observed in 6 SIV(sm)-infected macaques with motor and behavioral abnormalities during life, brain atrophy on MRI scan and inflammatory lesions within the brain and meninges. Four of the 6 neurologic macaques deteriorated rapidly within 12 weeks after inoculation and had substantially larger increases in CSF QUIN levels than 2 other neurologic macaques and 5 macaques without neurologic signs which survived for longer than 37 weeks. Increases in serum QUIN and CSF kynurenic acid also occurred but generally to a lesser degree than the increases in CSF QUIN. In some animals, increases in serum L-kynurenine concentrations and reductions in CSF and serum L-tryptophan occurred and were consistent with activation of indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase, the first enzyme of the kynurenine pathway in extrahepatic tissues. CSF QUIN exceeded serum QUIN in 8.8% of samples from macaques with neurologic signs, supporting increased QUIN synthesis within the central nervous system. Production of [C-13(6)]QUIN was demonstrated in one SIV(sm)-infected macaque and one unifected control macaque following an intracisternal injection of [C-13(6)]L-tryptophan and suggests that L-tryptophan is a substrate for QUIN synthesis within the nervous system or meninges, althouth the cellular localization of QUIN synthesis remain to be determined. We conclude that increases in kynurenine pathway metabolism occur in SIV-infected macaques and are most prominent in macaques with neurologic signs. Macaques infected with SIV offer a model to investigate the relationship between the metabolism of neuroactive kynurenines and neurologic disturbances associated with retroviral infection. C1 NIH, CLIN CTR DIAGNOST RADIOL, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NINCDS, CENT NERVOUS SYST STUDIES LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP HEYES, MP (reprint author), NIMH, CLIN SCI LAB, ANALYT BIOCHEM SECT, BLDG 10, ROOM 3D40, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 65 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JAN 20 PY 1992 VL 570 IS 1-2 BP 237 EP 250 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90587-Y PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA HB005 UT WOS:A1992HB00500032 PM 1535532 ER PT J AU CALVERT, RJ PROSKY, L AF CALVERT, RJ PROSKY, L TI RELATION OF MEAT, FAT, AND FIBER INTAKE TO THE RISK OF COLON CANCER IN WOMEN SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID TOTAL DIETARY FIBER; MORTALITY; BRITAIN RP CALVERT, RJ (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 16 PY 1992 VL 326 IS 3 BP 200 EP 201 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GZ213 UT WOS:A1992GZ21300016 PM 1558556 ER PT J AU TANNER, JE TOSATO, G AF TANNER, JE TOSATO, G TI REGULATION OF B-CELL GROWTH AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE-TRANSCRIPTION BY INTERLEUKIN-6 SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID STIMULATORY FACTOR-II; NORMAL HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; C-MYC; INTERFERON-BETA-2 INTERLEUKIN-6; RECOMBINANT INTERFERON-BETA-2; DIFFERENTIATION; EXPRESSION; IL-6 RP TANNER, JE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29,ROOM 505,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 48 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JAN 15 PY 1992 VL 79 IS 2 BP 452 EP 459 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA GZ357 UT WOS:A1992GZ35700022 PM 1370387 ER PT J AU ANSHER, SS PURI, RK THOMPSON, WC HABIG, WH AF ANSHER, SS PURI, RK THOMPSON, WC HABIG, WH TI THE EFFECTS OF INTERLEUKIN-2 AND ALPHA-INTERFERON ADMINISTRATION ON HEPATIC DRUG-METABOLISM IN MICE SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; ADVANCED CANCER; COMBINATION; TOXICITY; INVIVO; METASTASES; INDUCTION AB We have administered the cytokines interleukin 2 (IL-2), alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha), and gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) to mice and measured the alterations in hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities. For comparative purposes and to understand the mechanism of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis (DTP) vaccine-induced inhibition of drug metabolism, we also studied the effects of vaccine administration in mice. The administration of IL-2 alone or in combination with IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma causes dose-dependent increases in hexobarbital-induced sleep times. These increases correlate well with the inhibition of specific microsomal mixed-function oxidase activities. Sublethally irradiated mice and athymic nude mice receiving injections of IL-2 or IL-2 plus IFN-alpha do not show the inhibition of drug metabolism seen in normal mice. However, the inhibition of drug metabolism in DTP vaccine-treated mice was similar in all three groups. These observations indicate a possible role for immune cells (probably T-lymphocytes) in the inhibition of drug metabolism caused by administration of these cytokines, which is different from the inhibition of drug metabolism caused by DTP vaccine. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP ANSHER, SS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,BLDG 29,ROOM 528,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JAN 15 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 2 BP 262 EP 266 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GZ693 UT WOS:A1992GZ69300004 PM 1728399 ER PT J AU STROMBERG, K COLLINS, TJ GORDON, AW JACKSON, CL JOHNSON, GR AF STROMBERG, K COLLINS, TJ GORDON, AW JACKSON, CL JOHNSON, GR TI TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-ALPHA ACTS AS AN AUTOCRINE GROWTH-FACTOR IN OVARIAN-CARCINOMA CELL-LINES SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BREAST CANCER; HUMAN-TUMOR CELLS; EGF-LIKE FACTORS; TGF-ALPHA; FACTOR RECEPTORS; TRANSGENIC MICE; MESSENGER-RNA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ESTROGEN-RECEPTORS; EXPRESSION AB The potential of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) to function as an autocrine growth factor was evaluated in numerous ovarian carcinoma cell lines. All 17 lines which were examined expressed the epidermal growth factor receptor and 16 cell lines, in addition, concomitantly secreted TGF-alpha. Radioimmunoassay of processed serum-free-conditioned medium indicated TGF-alpha concentrations ranging from 16 to 197 pg/ml, or 1.5 to 95 ng/10(8) cells. I-125-TGF-alpha bound to a single class of high-affinity-binding sites on the surface of the cells. The dissociation constant for the I-125-TGF-alpha/epidermal growth factor receptor complex ranged from 0.21 to 5.3 nm with receptor numbers from 3,500 to 96,000/cell, depending upon the cell line. The growth of 8 ovarian cell lines was stimulated in a dose-dependent manner when grown in the presence of exogenous TGF-alpha. Growth in 4 of 5 cell lines capable of serum-free propagation was inhibited from 28 to 56% when cultured in medium containing a TGF-alpha-neutralizing monoclonal antibody. These results support the view that TGF-alpha is an autocrine growth factor for cell lines derived from ovarian cancers of epithelial origin and suggest a potential role for TGF-alpha in the pathogenesis or progression of the disease. RP STROMBERG, K (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELL BIOL LAB,HFB-830,BLDG 29A,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 70 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JAN 15 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 2 BP 341 EP 347 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GZ693 UT WOS:A1992GZ69300017 PM 1309440 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FINAL RULE ELIMINATES USE OF 111 WEIGHT-CONTROL INGREDIENTS FROM OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUG PRODUCTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 15 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 3 BP 339 EP 339 DI 10.1001/jama.267.3.339 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GY437 UT WOS:A1992GY43700009 PM 1727943 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, ST AF NIGHTINGALE, ST TI 3 ADDITIONAL DRUGS AVAILABLE UNDER TREATMENT IND SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, ST (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 15 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 3 BP 339 EP 339 DI 10.1001/jama.267.3.339 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GY437 UT WOS:A1992GY43700004 PM 1727943 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, RA YETLEY, EA MAUSKOPF, JA ZARKIN, GA AF WILLIAMS, RA YETLEY, EA MAUSKOPF, JA ZARKIN, GA TI WHAT IF AMERICANS ATE LESS FAT SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP WILLIAMS, RA (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 15 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 3 BP 362 EP 363 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GY437 UT WOS:A1992GY43700019 PM 1727950 ER PT J AU RAZZAQUE, A PURI, RK AF RAZZAQUE, A PURI, RK TI HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6 - TUMORIGENICITY AND TUMOR INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6; TRANSFECTION; TUMORIGENICITY; TUMOR INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNOTHERAPY ID B-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS; ASIALO GM1; SURFACE; INVIVO; CELLS; HBLV; ANTIBODY; DNA AB We previously reported that human herpes-virus-6 (HHV-6) genome (strain GS) and a cloned subfragment (pZVH14) transfected NIH 3T3 cells, induced foci of transformation with a frequency significantly above the background level. The transformed cells produced tumors in nude mice and immunocompetent (Swiss) mice. In the current study, nude mice tumors were passed into Swiss mice and more aggressive tumors (G-2TS and 14-2TS derived from HHV-6 genome and pZVH14 DNA, respectively) were produced. 14-2TS tumors caused lung metastasis upon intravenous injection. In the case of subcutaneously growing aggressive tumors, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were isolated and characterized as T cells but lacked tumor specific killing as monitored by Cr-51-release assays. TIL lost activity at day 52 in a 4 h assay (but not in a 19 h assay) against the autologous tumor, but not a Maloney virus induced tumor (Yac-1). These studies indicate that an established non-tumorigenic fibroblast cell line, when transfected with pZVH14 DNA of HHV-6, acquires both tumorigenic and metastatic potential and tumor bearing hosts mount immune response against such tumors. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP RAZZAQUE, A (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 1992 VL 61 IS 2 BP 111 EP 118 DI 10.1016/0304-3835(92)90168-U PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HA582 UT WOS:A1992HA58200003 PM 1309683 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI DRUG PROMOTION AND SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGE - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 9 PY 1992 VL 326 IS 2 BP 134 EP 134 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GY045 UT WOS:A1992GY04500015 ER PT J AU MEYER, WL TAYLOR, PW REED, SA LEISTER, MC SCHNEIDER, HJ SCHMIDT, G EVANS, FE LEVINE, RA AF MEYER, WL TAYLOR, PW REED, SA LEISTER, MC SCHNEIDER, HJ SCHMIDT, G EVANS, FE LEVINE, RA TI CONFORMATIONS OF OXOCANE SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; AGREEMENT FACTOR-R; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; PSEUDOCONTACT MODEL; SHIFT REAGENTS; NMR SHIFTS; CYCLOOCTANE; TRICHLOROSILANE; CYCLOHEPTANE; ASSIGNMENTS AB Conformational analysis of oxocane (oxacyclooctane) has been examined by molecular mechanics (MM2), variable-temperature C-13 NMR, and lanthanide-induced shift (LIS) H-1 and C-13 NMR. MM2 calculations find the BC-3 conformer and its enantiomer BC-7 to be favored, with the four next best forms and their energies relative to BC-3 being BC-1 (1.1 kcal/mol), TBC-1 (1.1), BC-4 (1.5), and TCC-1 (1.6). Barriers to pseudorotational interconversion of BC-3 and BC-7 are calculated to be 5.0 kcal/mol through BC-5 and 6.7 kcal/mol through BC-1. The former would allow fast BC-3/BC-7 equilibration even at -170-degrees-C, which would leave reported low-temperature H-1 NMR spectra compatible with a BC-3 structure as well as BC-1. Calculated barriers for BC ring inversion and interconversion of the BC family with the crown family (TCC-1) are 8.2 and 8.5 kcal/mol, respectively. A new two-step synthesis of oxocane and its 2,2,7,7-d4 analogue is reported, the latter allowing unequivocal assignment of chemical shifts. C-13 NMR spectra of oxocane between 138 and 290 K show BC-family/crown-family interconversion in the vicinity of 215 K (DELTA-G double-ended-dagger = 10.0 +/- 0.3 kcal/mol), with the crown family comprising 4% of the equilibrium at 174 K (DELTA-G-degrees = 1.1 +/- 0.1 kcal/mol). The H-1 and C-13 LIS induced by Yb(fod)3 on oxocane agree well with BC-3 and BC-7 being the predominant conformers at room temperature but do not acceptably fit a BC-1 structure. Thus, all available data from calculation and experiment are in accord with BC-3 being the favored conformation of oxocane. C1 UNIV SAARLAND,FACHRICHTUNG ORGAN CHEM,W-6600 SAARBRUCKEN 11,GERMANY. SWISS FED INST TECHNOL,ORGAN CHEM LAB,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MEYER, WL (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701, USA. NR 52 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JAN 3 PY 1992 VL 57 IS 1 BP 291 EP 298 DI 10.1021/jo00027a051 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA GY184 UT WOS:A1992GY18400051 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION AND ITS PROBLEMS - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 2 PY 1992 VL 326 IS 1 BP 70 EP 71 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GX315 UT WOS:A1992GX31500027 ER PT J AU WEBER, NE AF WEBER, NE TI USE OF XENOBIOTICS IN FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS IN THE UNITED-STATES - REGULATORY ASPECTS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB A FEDERAL REGISTER document published December 31, 1987 permits the use of carcinogenic animal drugs in food animals as allowed by the DES proviso to the Delaney Clause found in the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. A set of guidelines was developed to support the regulation. This chapter will explain the significant toxicology and chemistry elements of those guidelines including metabolic and kinetic aspects that are employed in the regulation of carcinogenic as well as non-carcinogenic animal drugs and feed additives. RP WEBER, NE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV CHEM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 503 BP 17 EP 25 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JQ181 UT WOS:A1992JQ18100002 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR CARSON, KL AF SHANK, FR CARSON, KL TI WHAT IS SAFE FOOD SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB The American food supply is safe. The proper perspective on food safety, however, must encompass both the latest scientific knowledge and public perceptions. We know that the greatest long-range health risks stem from the food choices we make, yet the focus of the media and Congress remains on minute traces of pesticides or other contaminants that present negligible risk. Resolving this dichotomy requires several approaches: possible amendment of the Delaney Clause, enhanced knowledge about the composition of foods and the effect of dietary choices on health, and increased reliance on Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point systems as a tool in enhancing the safety of food. Most importantly, we must develop effective means of communicating to consumers the benefits and associated risks inherent in the food supply. RP US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1992 VL 484 BP 26 EP 34 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HN997 UT WOS:A1992HN99700003 ER PT J AU HATTAN, DG AF HATTAN, DG TI ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY TESTING IN THE ASSESSMENT OF FOOD ADDITIVE SAFETY SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB This paper describes the history and present policy of the Food and Drug Administration regarding the use of the LD50 test procedure in support of the safety of food additives. Current issues affecting long-term testing such as the maximum tolerated dose and the survival of animals are discussed. The toxicological safety assessment of novel foods with low caloric density provides regulatory toxicologists with a special challenge. RP US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1992 VL 484 BP 99 EP 104 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HN997 UT WOS:A1992HN99700010 ER PT J AU GLINSMANN, WH AF GLINSMANN, WH TI USEFULNESS OF CLINICAL-STUDIES IN ESTABLISHING SAFETY OF FOOD-PRODUCTS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review RP US FDA, DIV NUTR, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1992 VL 484 BP 105 EP 113 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HN997 UT WOS:A1992HN99700011 ER PT J AU RULIS, AM AF RULIS, AM TI THRESHOLD OF REGULATION - OPTIONS FOR HANDLING MINIMAL RISK SITUATIONS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID CARCINOGENIC POTENCY DATABASE; ANIMAL BIOASSAYS; CHRONOLOGICAL SUPPLEMENT; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS AB The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, requires the premarket safety evaluation of new uses of food additives. The statute defines as additives even those substances that may inadvertently become components of food by migrating from food packaging, and provides no cutoff below which chemicals migrating in very low amounts may be considered exempt from petition requirements. It is clear, however, that at very low levels of migration the agency's expenditure of resources to regulate such materials may result in negligible public health gain. What is an appropriate level to define as a "threshold of regulation," below which no petition for a new use need be submitted and approved? FDA's development of a scientific basis for such a regulatory cutoff using risk assessment has spanned several years. One approach considered by FDA employs a statistical analysis of potencies of known chemical carcinogens. The present paper will examine options open to the agency in this potentially precedent-setting policy area. RP US FDA, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1992 VL 484 BP 132 EP 139 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HN997 UT WOS:A1992HN99700014 ER PT J AU PAULI, GH AF PAULI, GH TI FOOD INGREDIENT SAFETY EVALUATION - GUIDELINES FROM THE UNITED-STATES-FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB Procedures for the safety evaluation of food ingredients must take into account the legal authority for requiring safety testing, the capability of various scientific methodologies to address questions relevant to the safety of food, the risks to be encountered if safety questions are not addressed, and the societal consensus on what safety means. The societal value of committing scientific resources to address particular questions must also be considered. This consideration requires not only scientific knowledge of what may constitute a hazard, but also an understanding of how we have come to accept our present system of requirements. RP US FDA, DIV FOOD & COLOR ADDITIVES, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1992 VL 484 BP 140 EP 148 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HN997 UT WOS:A1992HN99700015 ER PT J AU WOOD, GE POHLAND, AE AF WOOD, GE POHLAND, AE TI MYCOTOXINS IN FOODS AND THEIR SAFETY RAMIFICATIONS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID SAMPLE PREPARATION; AFLATOXIN; FEEDS; CORN AB Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by certain fungi in/on foods and feeds. These toxins have been associated with various diseases (mycotoxicoses) in livestock, domestic animals and humans throughout the world. The occurrence of mycotoxins is influenced by certain environmental factors; hence the extent of contamination will vary with geographic location, agricultural and agronomic practices and the susceptibility of commodities to fungal invasion during preharvest, storage and/or processing periods. Mycotoxins differ widely in their chemical and toxicological properties. The aflatoxins have received greater attention than any of the other mycotoxins because of their demonstrated potent carcinogenic effects in susceptible laboratory animals and their acute toxicological effects in humans. Many countries have attempted to limit exposure to aflatoxins and other selected mycotoxins by imposing regulatory limits on commodities in commercial channels. Recent FDA monitoring data generated on mycotoxins will be discussed. RP US FDA, DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1992 VL 484 BP 261 EP 275 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HN997 UT WOS:A1992HN99700025 ER PT J AU DIACHENKO, GW CANAS, BJ JOE, FL DINOVI, M AF DIACHENKO, GW CANAS, BJ JOE, FL DINOVI, M TI ETHYL CARBAMATE IN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND FERMENTED FOODS SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review AB Significant research and regulatory activity have been focused on ethyl carbamate (EC) as a result of Canada's establishment of regulatory limits for EC in alcoholic beverages. Industry, academic, and government laboratories have developed analytical methods for EC and confirmed its presence in a wide variety of alcoholic beverages. Although EC is an animal carcinogen, insufficient toxicological data are available for a meaningful human risk assessment. The Food and Drug Administration has requested additional toxicological studies and established voluntary EC reduction programs with the United States wine and distilled spirits industries. These programs aim at identifying factors contributing to EC formation and reducing EC to the lowest levels that are technologically feasible. This chapter presents recent industry and government data on EC levels in alcoholic beverages and fermented foods and an initial assessment of EC intake from these sources. Results of studies conducted by industry as part of their voluntary EC reduction programs are also presented. RP US FDA, DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 1992 VL 484 BP 419 EP 428 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HN997 UT WOS:A1992HN99700034 ER PT J AU CHILDRESS, WL ERICKSON, D KRULL, IS AF CHILDRESS, WL ERICKSON, D KRULL, IS TI TRACE SELENIUM SPECIATION VIA HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ULTRAVIOLET AND DIRECT-CURRENT PLASMA EMISSION DETECTION SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID HYDRIDE-GENERATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROMETRY; HPLC; TISSUES; FISH; DCP; ION AB The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) is routinely called upon to monitor for levels of Selenium (Se) present in various commercial diet supplements, food and water supplies/sources. Most current methods involve determination of total Selenium, rather than individual species, but in recent years, it has become more apparent and required that regulatory agencies monitor and report individual metal species present. This paper deals with the development of a new, fully validated trace method of analysis and speciation for inorganic compounds, an improved HPLC-UV/DCP approach providing information on volatile and nonvolatile Se species. This has involved direct HPLC-DCP interfacing, with introduction of ionic or non-ionic Selenium species into the DCP nebulizer and spray chamber. The reversed phase, paired-ion separations of ionic Se species could be followed, though not done here, by an on-line, hydride derivatization step, with introduction of volatile Se hydrides into the DCP. Method validation has followed the determination of analytical figures of merit for the HPLC-Element Selective Detection (ESD) methods, using accepted practice, with standard addition or calibration plots for the quantitation of single blind, spiked and incurred samples. Several samples were possible for study, according to those most often regulated and monitored by FDA laboratories, such as dietary/food supplements, shellfish, plants, spices, and other foods or beverages. We were especially interested in determining the species and levels of Se compounds currently marketed in animal feed premixes. C1 NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BARNETT INST 341MU,BOSTON,MA 02115. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP CHILDRESS, WL (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,109 HOLTON ST,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 479 BP 256 EP 274 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GZ326 UT WOS:A1992GZ32600015 ER PT J AU OLSON, LK HEITKEMPER, DT CARUSO, JA AF OLSON, LK HEITKEMPER, DT CARUSO, JA TI CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETECTION BY PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review ID MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA; INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANGENTIAL FLOW TORCH; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; HELIUM PLASMA; EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; ION-SOURCE; HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS AB Plasma source mass spectrometry, when coupled with an appropriate chromatographic technique, provides a method for trace elemental analysis with species selectivity. A review of investigations concerning chromatographic detection by plasma mass spectrometry techniques is presented. Both gas and liquid chromatographic methods combined with ICP-MS and MIP-MS detectors are discussed. For example, the determination of organotins and halogenated compounds with GC-MIP-MS results in low to subpicogram detection limits. Phosphorus and sulfur containing compounds separated by GC have been determined with both He and N2 MIP-MS systems with low nanogram to picogram detection limits. Additionally, the use of HPLC-ICP-MS to eliminate the ArCl+ interference on the determination of arsenic is described. Finally, the detection of halogenated compounds with HPLC-MIP-MS is presented. C1 US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,CINCINNATI,OH 45202. RP OLSON, LK (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT CHEM,CINCINNATI,OH 45221, USA. NR 70 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 479 BP 288 EP 308 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA GZ326 UT WOS:A1992GZ32600017 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM KRIEG, A CONOVER, J USSERY, MA BLACK, PL AF KLINMAN, DM KRIEG, A CONOVER, J USSERY, MA BLACK, PL TI EFFECT OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, TOTAL-BODY IRRADIATION, AND ZIDOVUDINE ON RETROVIRUS PROLIFERATION AND DISEASE PROGRESSION IN MURINE AIDS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; B-CELL ACTIVATION; LEUKEMIA VIRUSES; C57BL/6 MICE; T-CELLS; INDUCTION; INFECTION; ASSAY; ABNORMALITIES AB Murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) develops when C57Bl/6 mice are inoculated with LP-BM5 murine leukemia viruses. Disease progression in these animals is characterized by lymphadenopathy, polyclonal B-cell activation, severe immunodeficiency, and death. Mice with MAIDS have been used to examine the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies for possible use in AIDS patients. In the present work, MAIDS mice were employed to test the hypothesis that established retroviral infection might be cured by the combined use of a cytotoxic agent (cyclophosphamide) and total body irradiation-a regimen reported to have successfully cured HIV-1 infection in one AIDS patient. Results indicate that the ablation of retrovirus-infected lymphoid cells reduced but did not eliminate LP-BM5 infection. Moreover, this regimen was no more effective at controlling virus proliferation or preventing the polyclonal IgG activation characteristic of murine AIDS than was AZT alone. C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NIAMS,CELLULAR IMMUNOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD. SO RES INST,FCR,GAITHERSBURG,MD. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,RETROVIRUS RES LAB,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3 D02,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [1U01AI25617-01] NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 8 IS 1 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.101 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA GZ934 UT WOS:A1992GZ93400013 PM 1310603 ER PT J AU RADER, JI CALVERT, RJ HATHCOCK, JN AF RADER, JI CALVERT, RJ HATHCOCK, JN TI HEPATIC TOXICITY OF UNMODIFIED AND TIME-RELEASE PREPARATIONS OF NIACIN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NICOTINIC-ACID; INGESTION; FAILURE AB Niacin (nicotinic acid) is used frequently in the treatment of hypercholesteremia. It is available in both unmodified and time-release preparations. The latter were developed in attempts to minimize the skin-flushing reaction that affects virtually all users and may limit acceptance. Adverse effects on the liver from both unmodified and time-release preparations have been recognized for many years. We reviewed the literature on the hepatic toxicity of both types of niacin preparations. Adverse reactions in six patients resulted from the exclusive use of unmodified niacin and in two patients from the exclusive use of time-release preparations. In 10 additional patients, adverse reactions developed after an abrupt change from unmodified to time-release preparations. Many of these patients were ingesting time-release niacin at doses well above the usual therapeutic doses currently recommended. Signs of liver toxicity developed in less than 7 days in four of these 10 patients. In doses that achieve equivalent reductions in serum lipids, hepatic toxicity occurred more frequently with time-release preparations than with unmodified preparations. An awareness of toxicity associated with ingestion of high doses of time-release niacin preparations is important because of their widespread availability and the potential for self-prescribed, unmonitored use. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 22 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 92 IS 1 BP 77 EP 81 DI 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90018-7 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HA866 UT WOS:A1992HA86600012 PM 1731514 ER PT J AU GULYA, AJ STEVENS, DM DUTKA, AJ CHRISTMAN, CL AF GULYA, AJ STEVENS, DM DUTKA, AJ CHRISTMAN, CL TI MORPHOLOGICAL AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC EFFECTS OF COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION AND ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GUINEA-PIG COCHLEA; ROUND WINDOW; RESPONSE AUDIOMETRY; PERILYMPH FISTULA; AUDITORY-NERVE; INDUCED DAMAGE; LONG-TERM; PERFORATION; EXPERIENCE AB The nondeafened guinea pig model was utilized in this study to assess the functional and morphologic effects of cochlear implantation and electrical stimulation. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were recorded prior to and following intrascalar implantation of a 3M-House cochlear electrode (n = 41 ears), as well as after electrical stimulation (n = 23 ears). The experimental population was divided into the following groups according to implantation and stimulation parameters: 200-mu-A for 3 hours (group I); 200-mu-A for 24 hours (group II); 400-mu-A for 3 hours (group III); implanted, but not stimulated (group IV); and nonimplanted, not stimulated ears (group V). Of those cochleae that sustained the trauma of implantation, 32 percent had no detectable ABR to 110 dB SPL clicks, while only 7 percent additionally failed to respond to 130 dB SPL clicks. No significant difference (one-way ANOVA with repeated measures at the 95 percent confidence limit) could be detected when comparing those ears that retained ABRs according to experimental grouping. Morphologic analysis was performed on 29 cochleae. Spiral ganglion "packing densities" were not found to be significantly different among the groups (ANOVA). The status of the organ of Corti was significantly better in groups II and V in comparison to the other groups (Kruskal-Wallis test with pairwise comparisons, p < 0.05); there was no discernible dose-response relationship. Morphologic and electrophysiologic changes correlated with insertion trauma and infection rather than with electrical stimulation at the levels tested in this study. Future research will attempt to develop a computer algorithm that can quantify cochlear morphologic changes in response to implantation and electrical stimulation to improve the analysis of these effects. C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20814. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP GULYA, AJ (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,3800 RESERVOIR RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007, USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0192-9763 J9 AM J OTOL JI Am. J. Otol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 13 IS 1 BP 68 EP 73 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA GY787 UT WOS:A1992GY78700014 PM 1598989 ER PT B AU BARNES, CJ AF BARNES, CJ BE AGARWAL, VK TI IMPORTANCE OF LABORATORY VALIDATIONS AND ACCURATE DESCRIPTIONS OF ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES FOR DRUG RESIDUES IN FOODS SO ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC / DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON ANTIBIOTIC/DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM, HEWLETT PACKARD, PERKIN ELMER, MILLIPORE, KRAFT GEN FOODS RP BARNES, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44199-3 PY 1992 BP 1 EP 4 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BV94Q UT WOS:A1992BV94Q00001 ER PT B AU CARSON, MC HELLER, DN KIJAK, PJ THOMAS, MH AF CARSON, MC HELLER, DN KIJAK, PJ THOMAS, MH BE AGARWAL, VK TI APPROACHES TO THE DETECTION AND CONFIRMATION OF DRUG RESIDUES IN MILK SO ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC / DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON ANTIBIOTIC/DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM, HEWLETT PACKARD, PERKIN ELMER, MILLIPORE, KRAFT GEN FOODS RP CARSON, MC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV VET MED RES,BARC E,BLDG 328-A,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44199-3 PY 1992 BP 107 EP 118 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BV94Q UT WOS:A1992BV94Q00009 ER PT B AU ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC HURLBUT, JA LONG, AR AF ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC HURLBUT, JA LONG, AR BE AGARWAL, VK TI APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL AND UV VISIBLE DETECTION TO THE LC SEPARATION AND DETERMINATION OF METHYLENE-BLUE AND ITS DEMETHYLATED METABOLITES FROM MILK SO ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC / DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON ANTIBIOTIC/DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM, HEWLETT PACKARD, PERKIN ELMER, MILLIPORE, KRAFT GEN FOODS RP ROYBAL, JE (reprint author), US FDA,DENVER FED CTR,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER FED BLDG,POB 25087,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44199-3 PY 1992 BP 197 EP 210 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BV94Q UT WOS:A1992BV94Q00016 ER PT J AU SCHMUKLER, R BUCK, RP AF SCHMUKLER, R BUCK, RP TI SPECIAL ISSUE - BIOELECTRODES - INTRODUCTION SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT CHEM,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27514. RP SCHMUKLER, R (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 263 EP 264 DI 10.1007/BF02368529 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA JB791 UT WOS:A1992JB79100001 ER PT J AU SCHMUKLER, R AF SCHMUKLER, R TI A BRIEF-HISTORY OF BIOELECTRODES SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT MINI SYMP ON BIOELECTRODES, AT THE 12TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOC OF IEEE CY NOV, 1990 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP IEEE, ENGN MED & BIOL SOC, IEEE, ELECTROBIOLOGY, PRINCETON APPL RES DE BIOELECTRODES; ELECTRODE POLARIZATION; ELECTRODE KINETICS AB The history of bioelectrodes is intimately associated with electrochemistry in general, through studies on electrode polarization. Electrode polarization was first recognized and studied in the early 1800s, and scientific studies in this area have continued since that time. Experimental and theoretical work on bioelectrodes, electrode polarization, and relevant electrochemistry of electrode phenomena, is traced from 1826 to Schwan's recent electrode work. RP SCHMUKLER, R (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ133,12721 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1007/BF02368530 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA JB791 UT WOS:A1992JB79100002 PM 1443823 ER PT J AU BEARD, RB HUNG, BN SCHMUKLER, R AF BEARD, RB HUNG, BN SCHMUKLER, R TI BIOCOMPATIBILITY CONSIDERATIONS AT STIMULATING ELECTRODE INTERFACES SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT MINI SYMP ON BIOELECTRODES, AT THE 12TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOC OF IEEE CY NOV, 1990 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP IEEE, ENGN MED & BIOL SOC, IEEE, ELECTROBIOLOGY, PRINCETON APPL RES DE BIOCOMPATIBILITY; STIMULATING ELECTRODES; INFLAMMATION; PH AND ELECTRODE POTENTIAL AB The choice of biocompatible stimulating electrodes for various biomedical applications varies with the type of electrode-tissue interface, biomolecules present, electrolyte background, preparation of electrode, interfacial potential current density, electrode material porosity, geometry, and inflammatory response. Illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the importance of these parameters. Topics discussed are: A) DC electrodes applied to partially keratinized epithelial membranes: B) Variation of the electrical impedance and biocompatibility of stimulating electrodes with electrode potential and surrounding pH; C) Influence of electrode geometry, porosity and pore size on biocompatibility: D) Body defense mechanisms at the sites of implantable stimulating electrodes; E) Thrombus formation at stimulating electrode interfaces and F) Sterilization of electrodes to ensure biocompatibility. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. CHUNG YUAN CHRISTIAN UNIV,CHUNGLI,TAIWAN. RP BEARD, RB (reprint author), DREXEL UNIV,INST BIOMED ENGN & SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 53 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 395 EP 410 DI 10.1007/BF02368539 PG 16 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA JB791 UT WOS:A1992JB79100011 PM 1443832 ER PT J AU ROSENBERG, AS SINGER, A AF ROSENBERG, AS SINGER, A TI CELLULAR BASIS OF SKIN ALLOGRAFT-REJECTION - AN INVIVO MODEL OF IMMUNE-MEDIATED TISSUE DESTRUCTION SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE TRANSPLANTATION; HISTOCOMPATIBILITY; T-CELLS; TOLERANCE; ALLOANTIGENS ID CYTO-TOXIC LYMPHOCYTES; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; EPIDERMAL LANGERHANS CELLS; HELPER T-CELLS; SPONGE MATRIX ALLOGRAFTS; CLASS-I MHC; MULTIVALENT CROSS-LINKING; GRAFT-REJECTION; DENDRITIC CELLS; TOLERANCE INDUCTION AB Rejection of transplanted tissue allografts results from T-cell recognition of histocompatibility antigens expressed by cells of the donor graft. This review focuses on the phenotype, specificity, and function of the T cells mediating rejection responses against skin allografts, and on the immune mechanisms by which host T cells are either activated or rendered non-responsive by cellular populations within the graft. We review the cellular basis for rejection responses across limited class-I and class-II major histocompatibility differences, as well as the specificity of the rejection response itself. C1 NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP ROSENBERG, AS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 138 TC 243 Z9 246 U1 0 U2 9 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0732-0582 J9 ANNU REV IMMUNOL JI Annu. Rev. Immunol. PY 1992 VL 10 BP 333 EP 358 DI 10.1146/annurev.immunol.10.1.333 PG 26 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HN012 UT WOS:A1992HN01200013 PM 1590990 ER PT J AU VANDERVEEN, JE GLINSMANN, WH AF VANDERVEEN, JE GLINSMANN, WH TI FAT SUBSTITUTES - A REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE FAT SUBSTITUTES; FOOD SAFETY; REGULATION OF DIETARY FATS RP VANDERVEEN, JE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0199-9885 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 1992 VL 12 BP 473 EP 487 DI 10.1146/annurev.nutr.12.1.473 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JG467 UT WOS:A1992JG46700022 PM 1503814 ER PT J AU SHEINER, LB LUDDEN, TM AF SHEINER, LB LUDDEN, TM TI POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS DYNAMICS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS; POPULATION PHARMACODYNAMICS; CLINICAL TRIALS; RANDOM EFFECTS MODELS; DRUG EVALUATION ID ROUTINE CLINICAL-DATA; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; SERUM DIGOXIN CONCENTRATIONS; DOSE METHOTREXATE INFUSIONS; MIXED EFFECTS MODELS; INDIVIDUAL PHARMACOKINETICS; THEOPHYLLINE CLEARANCE; BAYESIAN-ESTIMATION; CANCER-PATIENTS; NONMEM METHOD C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,OFF RES RESOURCES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP SHEINER, LB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DEPT LAB MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143, USA. NR 93 TC 187 Z9 188 U1 1 U2 13 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0362-1642 J9 ANNU REV PHARMACOL JI Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. PY 1992 VL 32 BP 185 EP 209 DI 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.32.1.185 PG 25 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HP063 UT WOS:A1992HP06300010 PM 1605567 ER PT J AU HINSON, JA ROBERTS, DW AF HINSON, JA ROBERTS, DW TI ROLE OF COVALENT AND NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS IN CELL TOXICITY - EFFECTS ON PROTEINS SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ELECTROPHILES; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN OXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HYDROXYL RADICAL ID RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES; BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE BHT; PARA-BENZOQUINONE IMINE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AMINEPTINE; CONJUGATE MEDIATED TOXICITIES; CHEMICALLY-INDUCED TOXICITIES; ACETAMINOPHEN-TREATED MICE; GAMMA-DIKETONE NEUROPATHY; RENAL PROXIMAL TUBULES; ADDUCTS FORMED INVIVO C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HINSON, JA (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. NR 312 TC 116 Z9 117 U1 1 U2 12 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 SN 0362-1642 J9 ANNU REV PHARMACOL JI Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. PY 1992 VL 32 BP 471 EP 510 DI 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.32.1.471 PG 40 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HP063 UT WOS:A1992HP06300020 PM 1605575 ER PT J AU WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ANAND, R BELL, S ASZALOS, A AF WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ANAND, R BELL, S ASZALOS, A TI INHIBITION OF THE BINDING OF HIV RGP120 TO CD4 BY DYES SO ANTIVIRAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID LYMPHADENOPATHY-ASSOCIATED VIRUS; REPLICATION; INFECTIVITY; INVITRO AB We have found that several dye compounds have the ability to inhibit the binding of HIV rgp120 to the Leu3a epitope of CD4 on PBL. One of these compounds, selected for further testing as the best candidate, can inhibit the growth of HIV in vitro. The tested dyes have varying degrees of specificity and efficacy in inhibiting the binding of rgp120. These results may point towards compounds that can be useful therapeutics against HIV. C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV RES & TESTING,HFD 471,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CFSAN,DIV COLORS & COSMET,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0956-3202 J9 ANTIVIR CHEM CHEMOTH JI Antivir. Chem. Chemother. PY 1992 VL 3 IS 3 BP 147 EP 151 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA HX190 UT WOS:A1992HX19000003 ER PT J AU NAWAZ, MS HEINZE, TM CERNIGLIA, CE AF NAWAZ, MS HEINZE, TM CERNIGLIA, CE TI METABOLISM OF BENZONITRILE AND BUTYRONITRILE BY KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RHODOCOCCUS-RHODOCHROUS J1; C-N CLEAVAGE; ALIPHATIC NITRILES; AROMATIC NITRILES; PURIFICATION; DEGRADATION; ACETONITRILE; ENZYMOLOGY; HYDRATASE; J-1 AB A strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae that used aliphatic nitriles as the sole source of nitrogen was adapted to benzonitrile as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Gas chromatographic and mass spectral analyses of culture filtrates indicated that K. pneumoniae metabolized 8.4 mM benzonitrile to 4.0 mM benzoic acid and 2.7 mM ammonia. In addition, butyronitrile was metabolized to butyramide and ammonia. The isolate also degraded mixtures of benzonitrile and aliphatic nitriles. Cell extracts contained nitrile hydratase and amidase activities. The enzyme activities were higher with butyronitrile and butyramide than with benzonitrile and benzamide, and amidase activities were twofold higher than nitrile hydratase activities. K. pneumoniae appears promising for the bioremediation of sites contaminated with aliphatic and aromatic nitriles. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 24 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 58 IS 1 BP 27 EP 31 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA GY253 UT WOS:A1992GY25300005 PM 1539979 ER PT J AU CRISTIANO, K DIBISCEGLIE, AM HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM AF CRISTIANO, K DIBISCEGLIE, AM HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM TI HEPATITIS-C VIRAL-RNA IN SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-A, NON-B HEPATITIS - DETECTION BY THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION USING MULTIPLE PRIMER SETS SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; GENOME AB The recently introduced antibody test for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has proven to have certain limitations. Since HCV itself is usually present in clinical specimens at very low titers, a useful assay for the virus must have very high sensitivity. We have developed a simple, highly sensitive assay for HCV RNA based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this test, RNA extracted from HCV infected serum or plasma is used as the template for double PCR with nested primers. Sensitivity studies demonstrate that this assay is able to detect HCV at or beyond the sensitivity level of chimpanzee infectivity. We tested, with several sets of nested primers, 40 patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis (36 seropositive and 4 seronegative) and found that 35/40 were PCR positive including all 4 seronegative patients. Normal human plasma and plasma from hepatitis B infected patients did not react in this test. This assay has proven to be valuable for determining the presence of HCV in various samples; furthermore, it offers the possibility of diagnosis of HCV infection in seronegative patients. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NIDDK,LIVER DIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1992 SU 4 BP 172 EP 178 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA JK521 UT WOS:A1992JK52100036 ER PT B AU BABU, US JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV AF BABU, US JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV BE SAUBERLICH, HE MACHLIN, LJ TI EFFECT OF SHORT-TERM FEEDING OF BARLEY OIL EXTRACT CONTAINING NATURALLY-OCCURRING TOCOTRIENOLS ON THE IMMUNE-RESPONSE OF RATS SO BEYOND DEFICIENCY: NEW VIEWS ON THE FUNCTION AND HEALTH EFFECTS OF VITAMINS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON BEYOND DEFICIENCY : NEW VIEWS ON THE FUNCTION AND HEALTH EFFECTS OF VITAMINS CY FEB 09-12, 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE, BASF FINE CHEM, EISAI, GEN NUTR PROD, HENKEL, MEAD JOHNSON NUTR GRP, TAKEDA CHEM IND, TAKEDA USA RP BABU, US (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-750-6 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 669 BP 317 EP 319 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BX01N UT WOS:A1992BX01N00029 ER PT B AU DURFOR, CN SCRIBNER, CL AF DURFOR, CN SCRIBNER, CL BE PEDERSEN, H MUTHARASAN, R DIBIASIO, D TI AN FDA PERSPECTIVE OF MANUFACTURING CHANGES FOR PRODUCTS IN HUMAN USE SO BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING VII SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7TH CONF ON BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING CY MAR, 1991 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NATL SCI FDN RP DURFOR, CN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOL INVEST NEW DRUGS,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-736-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 665 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb42598.x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BW75N UT WOS:A1992BW75N00030 PM 1416614 ER PT J AU CZERSKA, EM ELSON, EC DAVIS, CC SWICORD, ML CZERSKI, P AF CZERSKA, EM ELSON, EC DAVIS, CC SWICORD, ML CZERSKI, P TI EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS AND PULSED 2450-MHZ RADIATION ON SPONTANEOUS LYMPHOBLASTOID TRANSFORMATION OF HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES INVITRO SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE 2450-MHZ MICROWAVES; PULSED AND CONTINUOUS WAVES; THERMAL EFFECTS ID MICROWAVE; EXPOSURE AB Normal human lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors. One-ml samples containing (10(6)) cells in chromosome medium 1 A were exposed for 5 days to conventional heating or to continuous wave (CW) or pulsed wave (PW) 2450-MHz radiation at non-heating (37-degrees-C) and various heating levels (temperature increases of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2-degrees-C). The pulsed exposures involved 1-mu-s pulses at pulse repetition frequencies from 100 to 1,000 pulses per second at the same average SAR levels as the CW exposures. Actual average SARs ranged to 12.3 W/kg. Following termination of the incubation period, spontaneous lymphoblastoid transformation was determined with an image analysis system. The results were compared among each of the experimental conditions and with sham-exposed cultures. At non-heating levels, CW exposure did not affect transformation. At heating levels both conventional and CW heating enhanced transformation to the same extent and correlate with the increases in incubation temperature. PW exposure enhanced transformation at non-heating levels. This finding is significant (P < .002). At heating levels PW exposure enhanced transformation to a greater extent than did conventional or CW heating. This finding is significant at the .02 level. We conclude that PW 2450-MHz radiation acts differently on the process of lymphoblastoid transformation in vitro compared with CW 2450-MHz radiation at the same average SARs. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLL PK,MD 20742. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MICROWAVE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1992 VL 13 IS 4 BP 247 EP 259 DI 10.1002/bem.2250130402 PG 13 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA JF337 UT WOS:A1992JF33700001 PM 1510735 ER PT J AU KUES, HA MONAHAN, JC DANNA, SA MCLEOD, DS LUTTY, GA KOSLOV, S AF KUES, HA MONAHAN, JC DANNA, SA MCLEOD, DS LUTTY, GA KOSLOV, S TI INCREASED SENSITIVITY OF THE NONHUMAN PRIMATE EYE TO MICROWAVE-RADIATION FOLLOWING OPHTHALMIC DRUG PRETREATMENT SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE MICROWAVES; GLAUCOMA DRUGS; PRIMATES; CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM; IRIS ID TIMOLOL; IRIS AB Previous studies in our laboratory have established that pulsed microwaves at 2.45 GHz and 10 MW/cm2 are associated with production of corneal endothelial lesions and with disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier in the non-human primate eye. In the study reported here we examined ocular damage in monkeys (M. mulatta and M. fascicularis) following topical treatment with one of two ophthalmic drugs (timolol maleate and pilocarpine) that preceded exposure to pulsed microwaves. Anesthetized monkeys were sham exposed or exposed to pulsed, 2.45 GHz microwaves (10-mu-s, 100 pps) at average power densities of 0.2, 1, 5, 10, or 15 MW/CM2 4 h a day for 3 consecutive days (respective SARs were 0.052, 0.26, 1.3, 2.6, and 3.9 W/kg). Immediately before microwave exposure, one or both eyes were treated topically with one drop of 0.5% timolol maleate or of 2% pilocarpine. Following administration of a drug, we observed a significant reduction in the power-density threshold (from 10 to 1 MW/CM2) for induction of corneal endothelial lesions and for increased vascular permeability of the iris. Diagnostic procedures (in vivo specular microscopy and fluorescein iris angiography) were performed following each exposure protocol. In addition, increased vascular permeability was confirmed with horseradish peroxidase tracer techniques. Although we did not measure intraocular temperatures in experimental animals, the results suggest that a mechanism other than significant heating of the eye is involved. Our data indicate that pulsed microwaves at an average SAR of 0.26 W/kg, if administered after pretreatment with ophthalmic drugs, can produce significant ocular effects in the anesthetized primate. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,WILMER OPHTHALMOL INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP KUES, HA (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,JOHNS HOPKINS RD,LAUREL,MD 20723, USA. NR 22 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1992 VL 13 IS 5 BP 379 EP 393 DI 10.1002/bem.2250130505 PG 15 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA JM999 UT WOS:A1992JM99900004 PM 1445419 ER PT J AU GAO, BQ GANDHI, OP MATHUR, S BATES, F BASSEN, H AF GAO, BQ GANDHI, OP MATHUR, S BATES, F BASSEN, H TI CURRENTS INDUCED IN A MODEL OF A RAT EXPOSED TO EMP IN A PARALLEL-PLATE LINE - CALCULATIONS AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Note ID ANATOMICALLY-BASED MODEL C1 UNIV UTAH,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. ERC BIOSERV CORP,GAITHERSBURG,MD. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1992 VL 13 IS 5 BP 439 EP 443 DI 10.1002/bem.2250130511 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA JM999 UT WOS:A1992JM99900010 PM 1445425 ER PT B AU ATHEY, TW AF ATHEY, TW BE MAGIN, RL LIBURDY, RP PERSSON, B TI CURRENT FDA GUIDANCE FOR MR PATIENT EXPOSURE AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE FUTURE SO BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY CY MAY 15-17, 1991 CL BETHESDA, MD SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NCI, FDA, BERLEX LABS, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARM RES INST, SOC MAGNET RESONANCE IMAGING RP ATHEY, TW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-698-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 649 BP 242 EP 257 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49613.x PG 16 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy GA BW41Q UT WOS:A1992BW41Q00019 PM 1580497 ER PT B AU CZERSKA, E CASAMENTO, J NING, J SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E AF CZERSKA, E CASAMENTO, J NING, J SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E BE MAGIN, RL LIBURDY, RP PERSSON, B TI COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF ELF ON C-MYC ONCOGENE EXPRESSION IN NORMAL AND TRANSFORMED HUMAN-CELLS SO BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY CY MAY 15-17, 1991 CL BETHESDA, MD SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NCI, FDA, BERLEX LABS, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARM RES INST, SOC MAGNET RESONANCE IMAGING RP CZERSKA, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-698-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 649 BP 340 EP 342 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49624.x PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy GA BW41Q UT WOS:A1992BW41Q00027 PM 1580505 ER PT B AU NING, J CASAMENTO, J CZERSKA, E SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E AF NING, J CASAMENTO, J CZERSKA, E SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E BE MAGIN, RL LIBURDY, RP PERSSON, B TI COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF ELF ON TOTAL RNA-CONTENT IN NORMAL AND TRANSFORMED HUMAN-CELLS SO BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPY CY MAY 15-17, 1991 CL BETHESDA, MD SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NCI, FDA, BERLEX LABS, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARM RES INST, SOC MAGNET RESONANCE IMAGING RP NING, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-698-4 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 649 BP 353 EP 355 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49628.x PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Spectroscopy GA BW41Q UT WOS:A1992BW41Q00031 PM 1374596 ER PT J AU DILLON, JG HUGHES, MK AF DILLON, JG HUGHES, MK TI DEGRADATION OF 5 POLYURETHANE GASTRIC BUBBLES FOLLOWING INVIVO USE - SEC, ATR-IR AND DSC STUDIES SO BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE POLYURETHANES; MATERIAL PROPERTIES; BIODEGRADATION ID HARD-SEGMENT; BLOCK COPOLYMERS; MORPHOLOGICAL-CHANGES; SOFT SEGMENTS; ELASTOMERS; URETHANE AB Five Garren-Edwards Gastric Bubbles(TM) were characterized, following up to 4 months use in vivo, using size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy- These techniques show that the material used to construct the bubble is probably an aromatic polyester urethane and revealed a 39-55% decrease in number average molecular weight, a 9-degrees-C decrease in glass transition temperature, the disappearance of soft segment crystallinity and a broadening of the hard segment melting region after exposure to highly acidic (approximately pH 1.2) gastric fluid. The results indicate that significant chemical and morphological changes have taken place in the bubble material, including loss in chemical functionality, phase separation and increased hard segment aggregation. A comparison of the decrease in glass transition temperature as a function of molecular weight suggests that glass transition temperature is a sensitive predictor of this material's stability. Additionally, evidence is provided that the broad infrared absorption at 1077-1067 cm-1 normally assigned to C-O-C hard segment may represent two types of C-O-C stretching: (1) C-O-C stretching of the free urethane carbonyl, and (2) C-O-C stretching of the hydrogen bonded urethane carbonyl. RP DILLON, JG (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0142-9612 J9 BIOMATERIALS JI Biomaterials PY 1992 VL 13 IS 4 BP 240 EP 248 DI 10.1016/0142-9612(92)90191-P PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA HK904 UT WOS:A1992HK90400008 PM 1520830 ER PT J AU ALAYASH, AI FRANTANTONI, JC AF ALAYASH, AI FRANTANTONI, JC TI EFFECTS OF HYPOTHERMIC CONDITIONS ON THE OXYGEN CARRYING-CAPACITY OF CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBINS SO BIOMATERIALS ARTIFICIAL CELLS AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBSTITUTE AB In view of the potential application for hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) in organ perfusion under hypothermic conditions, we examined the temperature dependence of oxygen equilibrium curves (OECs) at 15-37-degrees-C of three HBOCs: HbA-FMDA and HbBv-FMDA, produced by the reaction of human or bovine oxyHb with fumaryl mono-dibromoaspirin, and HbA-DBBF, produced by the reaction of human deoxyHb with bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl) fumarate. OECs for HbA-DBBF, HbA-FMDA and HbBv-FMDA at 37-degrees-C were right shifted (P50 = 24.5, 17 and 35 torr, respectively). van't Hoff's rule gave the following values for the heat of oxygenation (DELTA-H in Kcal/mol): HbA-DBBF (-12.2 +/- 2.8), HbA-FMDA (-12.0 +/- 2.0), HbBv-FMDA (-10.5 +/- 1.8); these values do not significantly differ from that for native HbA. (-11.5 +/- 2.4). Among the hemoglobins included in this study, HbBv-FMDA had the most favorable oxygenation characteristics at low temperatures (a P50 of 6.0 torr at 15-degrees-C as compared to only 2-3 torr for the other hemoglobins in the study). Recently, however, a human hemoglobin crosslinked with bispyridoxyl tetraphosphate was reported to have a P50 of 15 torr at 16-degrees-C (Keipert et al, Transfusion 1989; 29: 768-773). Therefore, precise knowledge of the oxygen delivering capacity of any potential HBOC should be explored under hypothermic conditions as performance under these conditions may determine its usefulness as an organ perfusate. RP ALAYASH, AI (reprint author), NIH,FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1055-7172 J9 BIOMAT ARTIF CELL IM JI Biomater. Artif. Cells Immobil. Biotechnol. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 259 EP 262 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA JM745 UT WOS:A1992JM74500008 PM 1391440 ER PT J AU ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB FRATANTONI, JC BONAVENTURA, J BONAVENTURA, C AF ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB FRATANTONI, JC BONAVENTURA, J BONAVENTURA, C TI HEMOGLOBIN-BASED OXYGEN CARRIERS (HBOCS) - STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS THAT AFFECT FREE-RADICAL GENERATION SO BIOMATERIALS ARTIFICIAL CELLS AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXYHEMOGLOBIN AB We examined how changes in oxygen affinity brought about by different chemical modifications of hemoglobins affect their oxidation-reduction reactions. The three modified hemoglobins studied were HbA-FMDA, HbBv-FMDA, produced by the reaction of human or bovine oxyHb with fumaryl mono-dibromoaspirin; and HbA-DBBF, produced by the reaction of human deoxyHb with bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl) fumarate. Exposure of oxyHb to H2O2 causes generation of free radicals capable of cleaving dimethylsulfoxide (Me2SO) to produce formaldehyde (HCHO). Relative to the reaction rate for HbA. (630 +/- 130 M/min) the rates of HCHO formation were roughly 70 % for HbA-DBBF, 50 % for HbA-FMDA and 16 % for HbBv-FMDA. Exposure to H2O2 also caused spectral changes at varied rates for the HBOCs analyzed. Although these rates were not directly correlated with the rates of free radical formation, addition of mannitol or thiourea slowed both the rate of spectral changes and HCHO formation. The relative ability of the ferric derivatives of the HBOCs to participate in free radical reactions was monitored by assays of non-enzymatic NADPH oxidation and aniline hydroxylation. HbBv-FMDA showed significantly slower rates than the other HBOCs in both assays. The observed differences between HBOCs in these assays indicate differences in their ability to generate or interact with free radicals. C1 DUKE UNIV,CTR MARINE BIOMED,BEAUFORT,NC 28516. RP ALAYASH, AI (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1055-7172 J9 BIOMAT ARTIF CELL IM JI Biomater. Artif. Cells Immobil. Biotechnol. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 2-4 BP 277 EP 281 PG 5 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA JM745 UT WOS:A1992JM74500010 PM 1391442 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ LI, LA AF CHEN, JJ LI, LA TI AN EVALUATION OF BETA-BINOMIAL AND DIRICHLET-TRINOMIAL MODELS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL EFFECTS SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BETA-BINOMIAL; DIRICHLET-TRINOMIAL; INTRALITTER CORRELATION; TERATOLOGY AB The common endpoints for the evaluation of reproductive and developmental toxic effects are the number of dead/resorbed fetuses, the number of malformed fetuses, and the number of normal fetuses for each litter. The joint distribution of the three endpoints could be modelled by a Dirichlet-trinomial distribution or by a product of two-beta-binomial distributions. A simulation experiment is used to investigate the biases of the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) for the probability of adverse effects under the Dirichlet-trinomial model and the beta-binomial model. Also, the type I errors and powers of the likelihood ratio test for comparing the difference between treatment and control are evaluated for the two underlying models. In estimation, the two MLE's are comparable, the bias estimates are small. In testing, the likelihood ratio test is generally more powerful under the Dirichlet-trinomial model than the beta-binomial model. The type I error rate is greater than the nominal level using the Dirichlet-trinomial model in some cases, when the data are generated from the two-beta-binomial model, and it is less than the nominal level using the beta-binomial model in other cases, when the data are generated from the Dirichlet-trinomial model. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FDA,HFT 20,BIOMET STAFF,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. CHINESE ACAD SCI,INST STAT SCI,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0323-3847 J9 BIOMETRICAL J JI Biom. J. PY 1992 VL 34 IS 2 BP 231 EP 241 DI 10.1002/bimj.4710340212 PG 11 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA HR834 UT WOS:A1992HR83400011 ER PT B AU SCRIBNER, C AF SCRIBNER, C BE Ganter, MJ TI PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE AND CLINICAL HOLDS SO BIOPHARM CONFERENCE '92: PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT BioPharm Conference 1992 CY JUN 08-09, 1992 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA C1 US FDA,CDER,HEMATOL PROD BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTER PUBL CORP PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 10460, EUGENE, OR 97440 BN 0-943330-29-7 PY 1992 BP 113 EP 113 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BA08X UT WOS:A1992BA08X00011 ER PT B AU SCOTT, AM AF SCOTT, AM BE Ganter, MJ TI THE PLA/ELA SUBMISSION SO BIOPHARM CONFERENCE '92: PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT BioPharm Conference 1992 CY JUN 08-09, 1992 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV PROD CERTIFICAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTER PUBL CORP PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 10460, EUGENE, OR 97440 BN 0-943330-29-7 PY 1992 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BA08X UT WOS:A1992BA08X00012 ER PT B AU TETZLAFF, RF AF TETZLAFF, RF BE Ganter, MJ TI NEW DRUG PRE-APPROVAL INSPECTIONS - AN FDA INVESTIGATORS PERSPECTIVES SO BIOPHARM CONFERENCE '92: PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT BioPharm Conference 1992 CY JUN 08-09, 1992 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTER PUBL CORP PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 10460, EUGENE, OR 97440 BN 0-943330-29-7 PY 1992 BP 115 EP 115 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BA08X UT WOS:A1992BA08X00013 ER PT J AU PRODOUZ, KN LYTLE, CD BONNER, RF FRATANTONI, JC AF PRODOUZ, KN LYTLE, CD BONNER, RF FRATANTONI, JC TI EFFECTS OF 2 VIRAL INACTIVATION METHODS ON PLATELETS - LASER-UV RADIATION AND MEROCYANINE-540-MEDIATED PHOTOINACTIVATION SO BLOOD CELLS LA English DT Article DE PLATELET; PHOTOINACTIVATION; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; MEROCYANINE-540 ID BLOOD PRODUCTS; PROTEINS; MEMBRANE AB Two viral inactivation methods suggested for use with cellular blood products have been evaluated as to their effects on platelets. In the first study, it was proposed that pulsed laser-ultraviolet radiation (UVB) at 308 nm could favor photodamage to UVB-sensitive viral nucleic acid with minimal effects on blood platelets. A "window of efficacy" was observed with UVB doses of 10.5-21.5 J/cm2 at which 4-6 log10 poliovirus were inactivated while platelets were relatively tolerant. However, this "window" occurred only with low-intensity UVB radiation (less-than-or-equal-to 0.25 MW/cm2). Damage to platelet proteins, evident at high laser intensities, was probably due to multiple photon excitation of amino acids. In the second study, platelets and viruses were treated with the photosensitizer, merocyanine 540 (MC 540) (less-than-or-equal-to 24-mu-g/ml), and visible light (450-600 nm) (less-than-or-equal-to 18 J/cm2). Activation of washed platelets by dye/light treatment resulted in a spontaneous release of serotonin, spontaneous aggregation, and marked morphological changes. Increasing concentrations of albumin in the suspension medium protected against dye-mediated photodamage to platelets, but also significantly reduced the antiviral activity of MC 540 and light. These results illustrate the relative sensitivities of platelets and viruses to two inactivation methods and the difficulty in optimizing inactivation of viruses and preservation of platelet function in a protein-rich medium. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NIH,BIOMED ENGN & INSTRUMENTAT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PRODOUZ, KN (reprint author), NIH,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29,ROOM 329,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Bonner, Robert/C-6783-2015 NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-4684 J9 BLOOD CELLS JI Blood Cells PY 1992 VL 18 IS 1 BP 101 EP 116 PG 16 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA HD602 UT WOS:A1992HD60200008 PM 1617186 ER PT J AU FRATANTONI, JC AF FRATANTONI, JC TI REVIEW - THE PLATELET STORAGE LESION - POSSIBLE ROLE OF PLASTICIZERS SO BLOOD CELLS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE PLATELET STORAGE LESION CY APR, 1991 CL BETHESDA, MD SP YALE UNIV SCH MED, DEPT LAB MED, NHLBI, AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS ID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; BLOOD; MEMBRANE RP FRATANTONI, JC (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-4684 J9 BLOOD CELLS JI Blood Cells PY 1992 VL 18 IS 3 BP 435 EP 440 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA JZ645 UT WOS:A1992JZ64500010 PM 1286197 ER PT B AU BERTIN, PA MARTI, GE AF BERTIN, PA MARTI, GE BE HERZENBERG, LA HAUGHTON, G RAJEWSKY, K TI EXPRESSION OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY-CHAIN VARIABLE GENE (V(H)) IN B-CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA (B-CLL) AND B-PROLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (B-PLL) CELL-LINES - RESTRICTED USAGE OF V(H)3 FAMILY SO CD5 B CELLS IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON CD5 B-CELLS IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE CY JUN 03-06, 1991 CL PALM BEACH GARDENS, FL SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NIAID, MARION MERRELL DOW, MERCK SHARP & DOHME RES LABS, SYNTEX RES RP BERTIN, PA (reprint author), NIH,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-701-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 651 BP 464 EP 464 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA BW41S UT WOS:A1992BW41S00059 ER PT B AU MARTI, GE FAGUET, G BERTIN, P AGEE, J WASHINGTON, G RUIZ, S CARTER, P ZENGER, V VOGT, R NOGUCHI, P AF MARTI, GE FAGUET, G BERTIN, P AGEE, J WASHINGTON, G RUIZ, S CARTER, P ZENGER, V VOGT, R NOGUCHI, P BE HERZENBERG, LA HAUGHTON, G RAJEWSKY, K TI CD20 AND CD5 EXPRESSION IN B-CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA SO CD5 B CELLS IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON CD5 B-CELLS IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE CY JUN 03-06, 1991 CL PALM BEACH GARDENS, FL SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NIAID, MARION MERRELL DOW, MERCK SHARP & DOHME RES LABS, SYNTEX RES RP MARTI, GE (reprint author), NIH,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-701-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 651 BP 480 EP 483 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Pathology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Pathology GA BW41S UT WOS:A1992BW41S00064 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SM DOMON, OE MCGARRITY, LJ KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA AF MORRIS, SM DOMON, OE MCGARRITY, LJ KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA TI EFFECT OF BROMODEOXYURIDINE ON THE PROLIFERATION AND GROWTH OF ETHYL METHANESULFONATE-EXPOSED P3-CELLS - RELATIONSHIP TO THE INDUCTION OF SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES SO CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CELL PROLIFERATION; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; ETHYL METHANESULFONATE; BROMODEOXYURIDINE ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; DNA ALKYLATING-AGENTS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; POOL IMBALANCE; 5-BROMOURACIL-SUBSTITUTED DNA; REPLICATION; DEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE; MUTAGENESIS; MUTATIONS; SCE AB Although sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) analysis is recognized as an indicator of exposure to DNA-damging agents, the results of these analyses have been confounded by the use of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) to differentially label the sister chromatids. Not only does BrdUrd itself induce SCE, it also modulates the frequency of SCE induced by certain DNA-damaging agents. In order to examine this effect of BrdUrd on SCE frequency, an indirect method which tends itself to measurements both with and without BrdUrd was employed. Human teratocarcinoma-derived (P3) cells were exposed to ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and cultured with increasing concentrations of BrdUrd for lengths of time corresponding to one, two, and three generations of cell growth. At each time point, the distribution of nuclei among the phases of the cell-cycle and cell growth were evaluated for each concentration and chemical. A statistical model was employed which tested both for the main effects of chemicals and culture times and for interactions between these factors. Both EMS and BrdUrd significantly affected the percentages of nuclei within the cell-cycle. Exposure to EMS resulted in decreases in the percentages of nuclei in G0 + G1 and increases in the G2 + M compartment. Exposure to BrdUrd affected the size of the G0 + G1 compartment as well as the percentage of S-phase nuclei. Cell growth was reduced as a consequence of increasing EMS concentration and as a function of BrdUrd concentration; the effects of these chemicals were more readily apparent at the later time points. Most importantly, for both the cell-cycle kinetics data and the cell growth data, no evidence of an interaction between the effects of EMS and the effects of BrdUrd was detected statistically. These results may be interpreted to mean that while both EMS and BrdUrd affect the induction of SCE, under the conditions of this experiment, the effects are additive rather than interactive. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,BIOMETRY STAFF,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MORRIS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0742-2091 J9 CELL BIOL TOXICOL JI Cell Biol. Toxicol. PD JAN-MAR PY 1992 VL 8 IS 1 BP 75 EP 87 DI 10.1007/BF00119296 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Toxicology SC Cell Biology; Toxicology GA HT978 UT WOS:A1992HT97800006 PM 1591624 ER PT J AU DOMANSKI, MJ ABELLA, G BAIM, D BRISTOW, JD CHARROW, R DETRE, K FELD, M FISHER, L FORRESTER, J GOLDBERG, S GRUNDFEST, WS HOLLOHAN, T HORAN, MJ JOHNSON, GC KENT, KM KING, SB SANBORN, JA SIMPSON, J TOPOL, E WATSON, JT AF DOMANSKI, MJ ABELLA, G BAIM, D BRISTOW, JD CHARROW, R DETRE, K FELD, M FISHER, L FORRESTER, J GOLDBERG, S GRUNDFEST, WS HOLLOHAN, T HORAN, MJ JOHNSON, GC KENT, KM KING, SB SANBORN, JA SIMPSON, J TOPOL, E WATSON, JT TI EVALUATION OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE EDITORIALS; CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION ID ANGIOPLASTY; MULTICENTER C1 UNIV FLORIDA,DIV CARDIOL,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. BETH ISRAEL HOSP,DIV CARDIOL,BOSTON,MA 02215. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DIV CARDIOL,PORTLAND,OR 97201. UNIV PITTSBURGH,GRAD SCH PUBL HLTH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. MIT,REG LASER CTR,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LASER SURG & SURG RES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,BETHESDA,MD 20014. WASHINGTON CARDIOL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. EMORY UNIV HOSP,INTERVENT CARDIOL,ATLANTA,GA 30322. STANFORD UNIV HOSP,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV MICHIGAN,DIV CARDIOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP DOMANSKI, MJ (reprint author), NHLBI,DIV HEART & VASC DIS,7550 WISCONSON AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JAN PY 1992 VL 85 IS 1 BP 357 EP 361 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA GY582 UT WOS:A1992GY58200042 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW AF CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW TI DOSE-RESPONSE MODELING OF QUANTITATIVE RESPONSE DATA FOR RISK ASSESSMENT SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE CONFIDENCE LIMIT ESTIMATE; QUANTITATIVE RESPONSES; RISK ASSESSMENT AB The current regulation of non-carcinogenic effects has generally been based on dividing a safety factor into an experimental no-observed-effect-level (NOEL), giving a regulatory reference dose (RfD). This approach does not attempt to estimate the risk as a function of dose; it assumes no significant risk for the dose below the RfD. This paper proposes a mathematical model for finding the upper confidence limit on risk and lower confidence limit on dose for quantitative risk assessment when the responses follow a normal distribution. The proposed procedure appears to be conservative; this is supported by results of a simulation study. The procedure is illustrated by application to real data. C1 US FDA,NAT CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 10 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1992 VL 21 IS 8 BP 2367 EP 2381 DI 10.1080/03610929208830918 PG 15 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA JF876 UT WOS:A1992JF87600018 ER PT J AU SANKOH, AJ AF SANKOH, AJ TI BAYESIAN OPTIMAL STRATIFIED SAMPLING DESIGN SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE ALLOCATION; NONCATEGORICAL; SENSITIVITY; STRATIFIED AB An optimal allocation problem in a stratified finite population is studied when the stratum variables are assumed to have independent Blackwell-MacQueen sequence priors. It is shown that if we have independent Blackwell-MacQueen sequence priors on the ith stratum parameter vector X(i)=(X(i1),...,X(iNi)), where N(i)(i=1,...,L) is the ith stratum population size, Ericson's (1969b) and, when the grand mean is the parameter of interest, Khan's (1976) optimal allocation results for categorical finite populations can be generalized to noncategorical finite populations. A comparative sensitivity analysis is also performed to determine the extent to which the allocated sample size in the single phase Bayesian and Neyman optimal allocation designs varies when the allocation parameters such as the stratum size N(i), standard deviation S(i) and stratum sampling cost c(i) are varied over a wide range. The comparative analysis study shows a much higher sensitivity in the Bayesian design than in the Neyman design. C1 US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,CDER,DIV BIOMETRICS HFD713,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1992 VL 21 IS 11 BP 3185 EP 3196 DI 10.1080/03610929208830970 PG 12 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA JW653 UT WOS:A1992JW65300010 ER PT B AU KODELL, RL AF KODELL, RL BE Clewell, HJ TI RISK ASSESSMENT FOR NONCARCINOGENIC CHEMICAL EFFECTS SO CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD): SCIENCE, POLICY, AND PRACTICE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Chemical Risk Assessment in the Department of Defense (DoD) - Science, Policy, and Practice CY APR 09-11, 1991 CL DAYTON, OH SP ARMSTRONG LAB, OCCUPAT & ENVIRONM HLTH DIRECTORATE, TOXICOL DIV, NAVAL MED RES INST, TOXICOL DETACHMENT, ARMY BIOMED RES & DEV LAB, NATL RES COUNCIL COMM TOXICOL C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,BIOMETRY STAFF,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CONFERENCE GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS PI CINCINNATI PA 6500 GLENWAY AVE, BLDG D-7, CINCINNATI, OH 45211 BN 0-936712-90-2 PY 1992 BP 37 EP 40 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA BC41F UT WOS:A1992BC41F00008 ER PT J AU SCHEUPLEIN, RJ AF SCHEUPLEIN, RJ TI PERSPECTIVES ON TOXICOLOGICAL RISK - AN EXAMPLE - FOODBORNE CARCINOGENIC RISK SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENS IN FOOD; FOOD ADDITIVES AND CANCER; CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GASTRIC-CANCER; LOUISIANA; FOOD AB Epidemiologists estimate that approximately one third of all cancer deaths can be attributed to diet. It is instructive to attempt to apportion this dietary carcinogenic fisk to the specific classes of foodstuffs and food additives, pesticides, etc., that are typically regulated. When this is done it is evident that virtually all the calculated fisk can be attributed to naturally occurring carcinogens in the diet. This article indicates that both epidemiological data and the simplest kind of risk assessment agree that foodborne carcinogenic risk probably overwhelmingly originates from the food itself and not from additives, pesticides, or contaminants. RP SCHEUPLEIN, RJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF TOXICOL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 65 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1992 VL 32 IS 2 BP 105 EP 121 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA JK237 UT WOS:A1992JK23700003 PM 1515037 ER PT J AU KOKOSKI, CJ AF KOKOSKI, CJ TI OVERVIEW OF FDAS REDBOOK GUIDELINES SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE FOOD ADDITIVES; COLOR ADDITIVES; SAFETY ASSESSMENT; GUIDELINES; TOXICITY STUDIES AB As part of its responsibility, the Food and Drug Administration provides guidance to industry and the public concerning the procedures and methods for safety assessment of food and color additives. The FDA published its guidelines in 1982 as the so-called "Redbook" ("Toxicological Principles for the Safety Assessment of Direct Food Additives and Color Additives Used in Food"). The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition of the FDA is now in the process of revising and updating the Redbook in light of developments in toxicological testing methods and comments from the scientific community and the public. The effort involves a number of center scientists who have special expertise in various areas of toxicology and food safety assessment. The goal is to make the revised Redbook more useful and practical and to address areas of safety assessment not covered in the 1982 edition. The several papers that follow deal with chapters that will be new to the Redbook. RP KOKOSKI, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1992 VL 32 IS 2 BP 161 EP 163 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA JK237 UT WOS:A1992JK23700010 PM 1515044 ER PT J AU SOBOTKA, TJ AF SOBOTKA, TJ TI REVISIONS TO THE FDAS REDBOOK GUIDELINES FOR TOXICITY TESTING - NEUROTOXICITY SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE NEUROTOXICITY; REDBOOK; TESTING GUIDELINES; FOOD CHEMICALS ID BEHAVIORAL INDEXES; RISK ASSESSMENT; TOXICOLOGY; RATS; BATTERY; SCREEN AB In 1982, the Food and Drug Administration issued a publication, known as the Redbook, that described the current toxicological principles used for the safety assessment of regulated food and color additives. However, this document contained only minimum reference to neurotoxicity as a specific toxicological concern and only general mention of the types of data that should be collected to detect and assess adverse changes to the nervous system. The general nature of the toxicological information typically derived from studies based on the original Redbook has had only limited use as a guide for comprehensive assessment of neurotoxic hazard. This limitation is one of the issues being addressed in the current efforts to update the information provided in the Redbook. In the revised Redbook, neurotoxicity, encompassing adverse structural and functional changes to the nervous system, is explicitly identified as an important criterion in the assessment of food chemical safety. The proposed strategy for evaluating neurotoxic hazard has a tiered testing approach. Accordingly, testing would initially involve the identification of chemicals presumptively associated with neurotoxic effects. As appropriate, subsequent testing would be carried out to confirm and delineate the scope of the neurotoxicity. to determine the dose response kinetics, and to define the no-adverse-effect levels. RP SOBOTKA, TJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1992 VL 32 IS 2 BP 165 EP 171 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA JK237 UT WOS:A1992JK23700011 PM 1515045 ER PT J AU HINTON, DM AF HINTON, DM TI TESTING GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF DIRECT FOOD-ADDITIVES SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE FOOD ADDITIVES; COLOR ADDITIVES; DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES; SAFETY ASSESSMENT; IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY; GUIDELINES; IMMUNOTOXICITY; IMMUNOTOXICITY GUIDELINES; IMMUNE SYSTEM; IMMUNE FUNCTION ID IMMUNE FUNCTION; ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; MICE; RAT; SUPPRESSION; CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE; CELLS; MOUSE AB Immunotoxicity testing is a new addition to the safety assessment guidelines for direct food and color additives. The approaches and philosophy for this area of specialized testing are consistent with the case-by-case strategy applied in the regulatory approval process, which is based on structure-activity relationships, preexisting knowledge, and projected exposure estimates. Specialized testing such as immunotoxicity is not part of the basic testing requirements, but would be applied when indicators are positive. Concepts for immunotoxicity testing have evolved, in part, from research for evaluating various testing methods as well as specific study designs. This research, conducted over the last decade, has focused mainly on the rat as the rodent species of choice. The miniature swine was evaluated as a nonrodent model. Testing is defined by type 1 and type 2 tests, which differ in that type 1 tests are performed on the same animals used in the core study design. Sets of type 1 and type 2 tests, with reference to the indicators, define various testing levels. Retrospective testing, expansion of basic testing (such as histopathology and serum chemistry profiles), and alternative study designs, which include satellite groups for evaluation of the functional capacity of the immune system, can be considered in the evaluation of immunotoxic potential. RP HINTON, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES HFF162,OFF TOXICOL SCI,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 87 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1992 VL 32 IS 2 BP 173 EP 190 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA JK237 UT WOS:A1992JK23700012 PM 1515046 ER PT J AU LIN, CS AF LIN, CS TI EVALUATING THE SAFETY OF FOOD AND COLOR ADDITIVES WITH PHARMACOKINETIC DATA SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE FOOD ADDITIVES; COLOR ADDITIVES; PHARMACOKINETIC DATA; TOXICITY STUDIES; SAFETY EVALUATION ID HAZARDS AB Pharmacokinetic studies are designed to quantify, as a function of time, the processes associated with absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a chemical in experimental animals or in humans. Such studies have played an important role in drug safety evaluation and could be very useful in the safety evaluation of food and color additives. This presentation provides an overview of the potential use of metabolic and pharmacokinetic data in the design and evaluation of toxicological studies and in the assessment of the potential hazard to humans from exposure to food or color additives. RP LIN, CS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1992 VL 32 IS 2 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA JK237 UT WOS:A1992JK23700013 PM 1515047 ER PT J AU CHUNG, KT STEVENS, SE CERNIGLIA, CE AF CHUNG, KT STEVENS, SE CERNIGLIA, CE TI THE REDUCTION OF AZO DYES BY THE INTESTINAL MICROFLORA SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE AZO DYES; INTESTINAL MICROFLORA; CARCINOGENICITY; TOXICITY; DIETARY FACTORS; AZOREDUCTASE ID LIVER CYTOSOLIC AZOREDUCTASE; FECAL BACTERIAL ENZYMES; DIRECT BLACK 38; N,N-DIMETHYL-4-AMINOAZOBENZENE DAB; LACTOBACILLUS-ACIDOPHILUS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; CECAL MICROORGANISMS; ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA; METABOLIC-ACTIVITY; POLYMERIC AZO AB Azo dyes are widely used in the textile, printing, paper manufacturing, pharmaceutical, and food industries and also in research laboratories. When these compounds either inadvertently or by design enter the body through ingestion, they are metabolized to aromatic amines by intestinal microorganisms. Reductive enzymes in the liver can also catalyze the reductive cleavage of the azo linkage to produce aromatic amines. However, evidence indicates that the intestinal microbial azoreductase may be more important than the liver enzymes in azo reduction. In this article, we examine the significance of the capacity of intestinal bacteria to reduce azo dyes and the conditions of azo reduction. Many azo dyes, such as Acid Yellow, Amaranth, Azodisalicylate, Chicago Sky Blue, Congo Red, Direct Black 38, Direct Blue 6, Direct Blue 15, Direct Brown 95, Fast Yellow, Lithol Red, Methyl Orange, Methyl Red, Methyl Yellow, Naphthalene Fast Orange 2G, Neoprontosil, New Coccine, Orange II, Phenylazo-2-naphthol, Ponceau 3R, Ponceau SX, Red 2G, Red 10B, Salicylazosulphapyridine, Sunset Yellow, Tartrazine, and Trypan Blue, are included in this article. A wide variety of anaerobic bacteria isolated from caecal or fecal contents from experimental animals and humans have the ability to cleave the azo linkage(s) to produce aromatic amines. Azoreductase(s) catalyze these reactions and have been found to be oxygen sensitive and to require flavins for optimal activity. The azoreductase activity in a variety of intestinal preparations was affected by various dietary factors such as cellulose, proteins, fibers, antibiotics, or supplementation with live cultures of lactobacilli. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP CHUNG, KT (reprint author), MEMPHIS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MEMPHIS,TN 38152, USA. NR 120 TC 309 Z9 324 U1 6 U2 47 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-841X J9 CRIT REV MICROBIOL JI Crit. Rev. Microbiol. PY 1992 VL 18 IS 3 BP 175 EP 190 DI 10.3109/10408419209114557 PG 16 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HE747 UT WOS:A1992HE74700001 PM 1554423 ER PT J AU CARTER, PH RESTORUIZ, S WASHINGTON, GC ETHRIDGE, S PALINI, A VOGT, R WAXDAL, M FLEISHER, T NOGUCHI, PD MARTI, GE AF CARTER, PH RESTORUIZ, S WASHINGTON, GC ETHRIDGE, S PALINI, A VOGT, R WAXDAL, M FLEISHER, T NOGUCHI, PD MARTI, GE TI FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF WHOLE-BLOOD LYSIS, 3 ANTICOAGULANTS, AND 5 CELL PREPARATIONS SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRACETIC ACID (EDTA); HEPARIN; ACD; ACID CITRATE DEXTROSE; IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; CELL VIABILITY ID LYMPHOCYTE AB We studied the effects of anticoagulants and cell preparation methods on lymphocyte forward-angle scatter (FSC), autofluorescence, and immunofluorescent staining for CD45, CD14, and CD13. Blood samples collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), heparin, and acid citrate dextrose (ACD) were processed by using conventional Hypaque-Ficoll (HF) separation and four whole blood (WB) lysis techniques: Immuno-lyse, Q-Prep, FACS Lyse, and Gen Trak Lysis. Lymphocytes prepared by using three of the four whole blood methods gave FCS values comparable to those isolated by HF, while one method (FACS Lyse) gave consistently lower values. Autofluorescence values were comparable by all methods except Immuno-lyse, which showed consistently higher values in blood stored for 24 h with any anticoagulant. Immunofluorescent values for CD45-stained cells were quite consistent across all methods, and among the whole blood methods, FACS Lyse and Q-Prep uniformly gave the highest purity of CD45-positive cells in the lymphocyte light scatter gates. Additionally, propidium iodide (PI) analyses of CD45-stained whole blood, and analyzed without lysis, confirmed that ACD and heparin were superior to EDTA for maintaining viable leucocytes overnight. Future studies should focus on other commonly used reagents, a wide variety of abnormal samples, and cell viability. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV ENVIRONM HLTH LAB SCI,ATLANTA,GA 30333. FAST SYST INC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20877. NIH,CC,CPD,CLIN IMMUNOL SERV,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP CARTER, PH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL RES & EVALUAT,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 8 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PY 1992 VL 13 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.1002/cyto.990130111 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA GX311 UT WOS:A1992GX31100009 PM 1372204 ER PT J AU KOZAK, RW DURFOR, CN SCRIBNER, CL AF KOZAK, RW DURFOR, CN SCRIBNER, CL TI REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS WHEN DEVELOPING BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS SO CYTOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON CELL CULTURE ENGINEERING 3 CY FEB 01-07, 1992 CL PALM COAST, FL SP NATL SCI FDN DE ADVENTITIOUS AGENTS; CELL LINE CHARACTERIZATION; VIRUS VALIDATION; REGULATORY GUIDELINES AB The Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, whose regulatory authority includes monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, vaccines, toxins and somatic cellular therapies, communicates to sponsors issues for consideration in the development of biological products through the publication of ''Points to Consider'' and ''Guideline'' documents. This paper summarizes the available ''Points to Consider'' and ''Guideline'' documents and outlines recommendations from these documents for characterizing the cells used to produce biological products. RP KOZAK, RW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9069 J9 CYTOTECHNOLOGY JI Cytotechnology PY 1992 VL 9 IS 1-3 BP 203 EP 210 DI 10.1007/BF02521747 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA KG210 UT WOS:A1992KG21000023 PM 1369172 ER PT J AU LIPMAN, J FLINT, O BRADLAW, J FRAZIER, J MCQUEEN, C GREEN, C ACOSTA, D HARBELL, J KLAUNIG, J RESAU, J BORENFREUND, E MEHTA, R VANBUSKIRK, R EKWALL, B HAM, R BARNES, D HAY, R SCHAEFFER, W AF LIPMAN, J FLINT, O BRADLAW, J FRAZIER, J MCQUEEN, C GREEN, C ACOSTA, D HARBELL, J KLAUNIG, J RESAU, J BORENFREUND, E MEHTA, R VANBUSKIRK, R EKWALL, B HAM, R BARNES, D HAY, R SCHAEFFER, W TI CELL-CULTURE SYSTEMS AND INVITRO TOXICITY TESTING SO CYTOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID ADULT-RAT-HEPATOCYTES; PRIMARY MONOLAYER-CULTURE; SERUM-FREE MEDIUM; HORMONE-SUPPLEMENTED MEDIUM; MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SPECIES INCLUDING HUMAN; LONG-TERM MAINTENANCE; CYTO-TOXICITY; DRUG-METABOLISM; LIVER-CELLS C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQIBB,SYRACUSE,NY 13221. US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. JOHNS HOPKINS CTR ALTERNAT ANIM TESTING,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. UNIV ARIZONA,HLTH SCI CTR,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,TUCSON,AZ 85721. SRI INT,DIV LIFE SCI,MENLO PK,CA 94025. UNIV TEXAS,COLL PHARM,AUSTIN,TX 78712. MICROBIOL ASSOCIATES INC,BETHESDA LABS,BETHESDA,MD 20816. MED COLL OHIO,TOLEDO,OH 43699. UNIV MARYLAND,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. IIT,RES INST,CHICAGO,IL 60616. SUNY BINGHAMTON,DEPT BIOL SCI,BINGHAMTON,NY 13901. UNIV UPPSALA,CTR BIOMED,DEPT TOXICOL,S-75123 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. OREGON STATE UNIV,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH,DEPT BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. AMER TYPE CULTURE COLLECT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. UNIV VERMONT,COLL MED,DEPT MED MICROBIOL,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. RP LIPMAN, J (reprint author), HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,340 KINGSLAND ST,NUTLEY,NJ 07110, USA. NR 157 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9069 J9 CYTOTECHNOLOGY JI Cytotechnology PY 1992 VL 8 IS 2 BP 129 EP 176 DI 10.1007/BF02525495 PG 48 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA JQ057 UT WOS:A1992JQ05700006 ER PT J AU NOORY, C WOLYNIAK, C OGGER, KE SHAH, VP AF NOORY, C WOLYNIAK, C OGGER, KE SHAH, VP TI COMPARATIVE DISSOLUTION OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE HYDROXYZINE HYDROCHLORIDE TABLETS SO DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY LA English DT Article AB A comparative dissolution study was conducted on commercially available hydroxyzine hydrochloride tablets using USP Apparatus 2 (Paddle Method) at 50 rpm and two dissolution media: Water and Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF) and the USP recommended method employing the disintegration apparatus. The dissolution characteristics of 22 samples of hydroxyzine hydrochloride tablets representing four dosage levels and seven manufacturers were profiled. The study illustrated that the Modified Disintegration apparatus is not able to distinguish slow dissolving formulations from fast dissolving formulation and, consequently, does not provide assurance of bioequivalence and does not perform as an adequate manufacturing control to insure lot to lot uniformity. C1 US FDA,DETROIT DIST LAB,DETROIT,MI. US FDA,BALTIMORE DIST LAB,BALTIMORE,MD. RP NOORY, C (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0363-9045 J9 DRUG DEV IND PHARM JI Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. PY 1992 VL 18 IS 2 BP 143 EP 157 DI 10.3109/03639049209043690 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GY887 UT WOS:A1992GY88700001 ER PT J AU STEHLY, GR PLAKAS, SM AF STEHLY, GR PLAKAS, SM TI DISPOSITION OF 1-NAPHTHOL IN THE CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS) SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID FISH; RAT; BIOTRANSFORMATION; CONJUGATION; METABOLISM; EXCRETION AB The pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and metabolism of 1-naphthol were examined in the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Catfish were administered [1-C-14]1-naphthol intravascularly at 1, 5, or 25 mg/kg or orally at 1 mg/kg. Plasma data for 1-naphthol were fitted by a three-compartment pharmacokinetic model. There were dose-related changes in the area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve, apparent volume of distribution, and total body clearance after intravascular dosing. After oral dosing, peak plasma concentrations of 1-naphthol occurred at 1 hr; parent compound made up less than 15% of the total radioactivity, and the bioavailability was 32%. Plasma protein binding was 92% and was independent of concentration. 1-Naphthol and metabolites were rapidly eliminated from the tissues after oral dosing; less than 1% of the administered dose remained at 24 hr. Renal excretion was the primary route of elimination of total C-14. Approximately 60% of the oral dose was excreted in the urine within 48 hr. Parent 1-naphthol made up 1% of the urinary C-14. Major metabolites in the urine were sulfate and glucuronide conjugates, which composed 65 and 28% of the total C-14, respectively. Biliary excretion accounted for 7% of the oral dose. The glucuronide conjugate and an unidentified polar metabolite made up the majority of the biliary C-14. The high capacity of channel catfish for conjugative metabolism of 1-naphthol was demonstrated. The dose dependency of pharmacokinetic values could not be explained by saturable metabolism or plasma protein binding. RP STEHLY, GR (reprint author), US FDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 20 IS 1 BP 70 EP 73 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HA665 UT WOS:A1992HA66500011 PM 1347000 ER PT J AU MAZZOLA, EP BELL, SJ MEYERS, MB ANDRZEJEWSKI, D MOSSOBA, MM OTTER, JC REYNOLDS, WF AF MAZZOLA, EP BELL, SJ MEYERS, MB ANDRZEJEWSKI, D MOSSOBA, MM OTTER, JC REYNOLDS, WF TI STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION OF AN FD AND C RED NO 40 CONTAMINANT SO DYES AND PIGMENTS LA English DT Article AB NMR and mass spectral experiments have resulted in the determination of structure and assignment of carbon NMR signals of a manufacturing impurity of FD&C Red No. 40. Mass spectrometry showed its molecular weight to be 270, with a base peak of 228. A variety of two-dimensional NMR techniques demonstrated that this compound is a benzonaphthobicyclo-[2.2.2]octanone, which may arise from the Diels-Alder reaction of a naphthyl-benzyne species with 2-naphthol. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV COLORS & COSMET,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. FRANKLIN & MARSHALL COLL,LANCASTER,PA 17604. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT CHEM,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. RP MAZZOLA, EP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0143-7208 J9 DYES PIGMENTS JI Dyes Pigment. PY 1992 VL 19 IS 4 BP 281 EP 290 DI 10.1016/0143-7208(92)80033-J PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA KA233 UT WOS:A1992KA23300005 ER PT J AU MAZZOLA, EP CALVEY, RJ BRUMLEY, WC MEYERS, MB BELL, SJ LENZENWEGER, SE REYNOLDS, WF AF MAZZOLA, EP CALVEY, RJ BRUMLEY, WC MEYERS, MB BELL, SJ LENZENWEGER, SE REYNOLDS, WF TI STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION OF AN FD AND-C RED NO-3 CONTAMINANT SO DYES AND PIGMENTS LA English DT Article AB A manufacturing side-reaction product that is present in most certified lots of FD & C Red No. 3 at levels of 1-5% was isolated by semipreparative HPLC. Structural identification, as determined by proton and C-13 NMR and mass spectrometry, showed the contaminant to be 4'-chloro-2',5',7'-triiodofluorescein. C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT CHEM,TORONTO M5S 1A1,ONTARIO,CANADA. RP MAZZOLA, EP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV COLORS & COSMET,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0143-7208 J9 DYES PIGMENTS JI Dyes Pigment. PY 1992 VL 18 IS 2 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.1016/0143-7208(92)80008-B PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA HM210 UT WOS:A1992HM21000001 ER PT B AU CHILDRESS, WL ERICKSON, D KRULL, IS AF CHILDRESS, WL ERICKSON, D KRULL, IS BE UDEN, PC TI TRACE SELENIUM SPECIATION VIA HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ULTRAVIOLET AND DIRECT-CURRENT PLASMA EMISSION DETECTION SO ELEMENT-SPECIFIC CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETECTION BY ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC : ELEMENT-SPECIFIC CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETECTION BY ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC ID HYDRIDE-GENERATION; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROMETRY; HPLC; TISSUES; FISH; DCP; ION RP CHILDRESS, WL (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,109 HOLTON ST,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2174-X J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 479 BP 256 EP 274 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA BU84R UT WOS:A1992BU84R00015 ER PT J AU DUNKEL, VC SAN, RHC HARBELL, JW SEIFRIED, HE CAMERON, TP AF DUNKEL, VC SAN, RHC HARBELL, JW SEIFRIED, HE CAMERON, TP TI EVALUATION OF THE MUTAGENICITY OF AN N-NITROSO CONTAMINANT OF THE SUNSCREEN PADIMATE-O - N-NITROSO-N-METHYL-PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER (NPABAO) SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE SALMONELLA; MOUSE LYMPHOMA; MUTAGENICITY; SUNSCREENS; NITROSAMINE ID SALMONELLA AB The nitrosamine contaminant, N-nitroso-N-methyl-p-aminobenzoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester (NPABAO), of the major sunscreen ingredient Padimate O (4-N,N'-dimethylamino-benzoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester) was synthesized and tested for mutagenicity in the Salmonella typhimurium and mouse lymphoma L5178Y TK+/-assays. In contrast to the previously reported positive responses in S. typhimurium tester strains TA100 and TA1535 [Loeppky et al., 1991], there were no increases in the number of revertants with strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1538 in either the Salmonella plate incorporation [Ames et al., 1975] or preincubation [Yahagi et al., 1977] assays. Additional testing with Salmonella, following the modified preincubation procedure [Rogan, 1990] that gave the initial positive response, was also negative. Data from the mouse lymphoma assays were also uniformly negative. During synthesis of NPABAO, small amounts of 4-N,N'-dimethylamino-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester (DMANBAO) can be formed. To determine whether the reported positive mutagenicity response.of NPABAO could be the result of trace amounts of DMANBAO in the NPABAO, that compound was also synthesized and tested for mutagenicity with Salmonella. Positive responses were obtained with tester strains TA98 and TA 1538 but not with TA100 and TA1535, indicating that DMANBAO was not responsible for the increase in revertants originally reported. C1 NCI,EXECUT PLAZA N BLDG,RM 712,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. MICROBIOL ASSOCIATES INC,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 188 EP 198 DI 10.1002/em.2850200307 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JT903 UT WOS:A1992JT90300006 PM 1396609 ER PT J AU NEWTON, RK MITTELSTAEDT, RA HEFLICH, RH AF NEWTON, RK MITTELSTAEDT, RA HEFLICH, RH TI ANALYSIS OF SOLVENT CONTROL AND 1-NITROSOPYRENE-INDUCED CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELL MUTANTS BY SOUTHERN AND NORTHERN BLOTS AND THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE 1-NITROSOPYRENE; HPRT LOCUS; CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY CELL; SOUTHERN BLOT; NORTHERN BLOT; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE LOCUS; DIESEL PARTICULATE EXTRACTS; DNA ADDUCTS; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; HPRT GENE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; INDUCED MUTATIONS AB 1-Nitrosopyrene, a metabolite of the tumorigenic environmental pollutant 1-nitropyrene, is a potent mutagen at the hprt locus in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. A single DNA adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-aminopyrene, is produced in CHO cells treated with 1-nitrosopyrene, and this adduct is found in rats and mice exposed to 1-nitropyrene. In this study, the structure of the hprt gene and the structure and amount of hprt mRNA were analyzed in 43 CHO cell mutants (16 isolated from solvent control cultures and 27 isolated from 1-nitrosopyrene-treated cultures). PstI- and BamHI-digested DNA from the mutants were subjected to Southern blot analysis using a hamster hprt cDNA probe. None of the 1-nitrosopyrene-induced mutants and only one of the control mutants displayed hybridization patterns that were different from the parent CHO cells. Northern blot analysis revealed that two control mutants had truncated hprt mRNAs, while 56% of the control mutants and 78% of the induced mutants had reduced levels of hprt mRNA. Using polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA synthesized from RNA, the hprt protein-coding region could be amplified from 23 of the 1-nitrosopyrene-induced mutants and 11 of the control mutants. The amplification products from 3 of the control mutants and 5 of the induced mutants were smaller than that found with RNA from parental CHO cells. These results indicate that the mutagenic DNA damage produced by 1-nitrosopyrene in CHO cells does not cause major structural alterations in the hprt gene and suggest that 1-nitrosopyrene acts as a point mutagen. A large number of both control and 1-nitrosopyrene-induced mutants exhibited a marked reduction in hprt mRNA concentration or possessed truncated mRNA hprt protein coding sequences. These alterations may contribute to the 6-thioguanine-resistant phenotype. RP NEWTON, RK (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1992 VL 19 IS 2 BP 147 EP 155 DI 10.1002/em.2850190209 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA HH531 UT WOS:A1992HH53100008 PM 1541256 ER PT J AU NEFT, RE ROE, AL SCHOL, HM FU, PP MITTELSTAEDT, RA CASCIANO, DA AF NEFT, RE ROE, AL SCHOL, HM FU, PP MITTELSTAEDT, RA CASCIANO, DA TI NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE-INDUCED DNA AMPLIFICATION IN SV40-TRANSFORMED CHINESE-HAMSTER EMBRYO CELLS SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE MUTAGENESIS; C060 CELLS; VIRAL DNA AMPLIFICATION ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; OVARY CELLS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; GENE AMPLIFICATION; NITRO-DERIVATIVES; 3-NITROBENZOPYRENE; MUTAGENICITY; 1-NITROBENZOPYRENE; 6-NITROBENZOPYRENE; ACTIVATION AB Nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes (NBaPs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that produce mutations in Salmonella typhimurium and Chinese hamster ovary cells. In this study, 1-, 3-, and 6-NBaP induced amplification of SV40 DNA sequences in an SV40-transformed Chinese hamster embryo cell line which is sensitive to DNA amplification by various known carcinogens. Of the three isomers, 3-NBaP produced the highest level of gene amplification, which was 4.8 relative to untreated controls at a dose of 5-mu-g/ml. Considering the relationship between gene amplification and tumorigenesis, it seems prudent to carry out a more exhaustive analysis of the carcinogenic potential of these agents. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP NEFT, RE (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1992 VL 19 IS 2 BP 156 EP 160 DI 10.1002/em.2850190210 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA HH531 UT WOS:A1992HH53100009 PM 1311674 ER PT J AU SAHU, SC AF SAHU, SC TI DIETARY IRON AND CANCER - A REVIEW SO ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS-PART C OF JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH LA English DT Review ID PROTEIN KINASE-C; OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE; RAT-LIVER NUCLEI; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE ACTIVITY; MEDIATED LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXYGEN FREE-RADICALS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; REACTIVE OXYGEN; TUMOR-CELLS; FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE RP SAHU, SC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,MOLEC TOXICOL BRANCH,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 146 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1059-0501 J9 ENVIRON CARCIN ECO R JI Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxical. Rev.-Pt. C J. Env. Sci. Health PY 1992 VL 10 IS 2 BP 205 EP 237 PG 33 WC Oncology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Oncology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA KE045 UT WOS:A1992KE04500003 ER PT J AU BOSIN, MR AF BOSIN, MR TI PRIORITY SETTING IN GOVERNMENT - BEYOND THE MAGIC BULLET SO EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING LA English DT Article AB Priority setting can be a painful and divisive process, but it is a necessary activity-particularly in times of resource scarcity. In this article, the issue is examined from the perspective of planners in the public sector. First, the causes of ambivalence in tackling priorities are examined. Second, roles are suggested for agency planners to play to reduce this ambivalence. Finally, three different models for priority setting in the public sector are proposed - based on the premise that priority-setting processes should be tailored to match the situation. 'One size does not fit all.' RP BOSIN, MR (reprint author), US FDA,OFF PLANNING & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0149-7189 J9 EVAL PROGRAM PLANN JI Eval. Program Plan. PY 1992 VL 15 IS 1 BP 33 EP 43 DI 10.1016/0149-7189(92)90058-3 PG 11 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA HL133 UT WOS:A1992HL13300005 ER PT J AU PLUZNIK, DH FRIDMAN, R REICH, R AF PLUZNIK, DH FRIDMAN, R REICH, R TI CORRELATION IN THE EXPRESSION OF TYPE-IV COLLAGENASE AND THE INVASIVE AND CHEMOTACTIC ABILITIES OF MYLOMONOCYTIC CELLS DURING DIFFERENTIATION INTO MACROPHAGES SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIFFERENTIATION; MYELOID CELLS; COLLAGENASE; INVASION; CHEMOTAXIS ID MYELOID-LEUKEMIA CELLS; HUMAN MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE COLLAGEN; METASTATIC TUMOR-CELLS; ENZYME; METALLOPROTEINASES; GELATINASES; SECRETION; RECEPTORS; INHIBITOR AB Monomyelocytic phagocytes originate in the bone marrow and while differentiating into macrophages migrate to inflammatory foci and target tissues by egress from the capillary blood vessels. During such diapedesis, the cells must traverse tissue barriers such as basement membrane, which has type IV collagen as its principal structural element. We studied whether the expression of type IV collagenase activity, invasion through basement membrane, and the response to inflammatory chemoattractants are related to each other and to the process of differentiation of murine M1 myeloid leukemia cells into macrophages. M1 cells stimulated with mouse lung-conditioned medium (MLCM) or interleukin 6 (IL6) differentiate into macrophages by 72 h, as determined by expression of Fc receptors, induction of lysozyme, and morphological changes from blast cells to mature macrophages. During this process of differentiation the invasive ability of the cells and the amount of type IV collagenase in the supernatants from the invading cells continuously increased up to 72 h. Zymographic analysis of supernatants of the invading cells revealed a single 100-kd metalloproteinase with gelatinolytic activity. Chemotaxis towards arachidonic acid metabolites, which are present in inflamed tissues, was detected only in differentiated cells. Studies with thioglycolate (TG)-elicited peritoneal macrophages gave results similar to those obtained with differentiated M1 cells, showing that the ability to invade basement membrane, the expression of type IV collagenase, and the chemotactic response to inflammatory chemoattractants all increased with the differentiation of myeloid cells and reached their highest expression in fully differentiated cells. C1 NIDR,DEV BIOL & ANOMALIES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PLUZNIK, DH (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,HFB 800,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3B-19,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 36 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 20 IS 1 BP 57 EP 63 PG 7 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA GX273 UT WOS:A1992GX27300010 PM 1315691 ER PT J AU MANOHAR, V HUPPI, K HOFFMAN, T AF MANOHAR, V HUPPI, K HOFFMAN, T TI SPLENIC STEM-CELLS OF NEW-ZEALAND BLACK MICE - ISOLATION, AND PHENOTYPIC, HISTOCHEMICAL, GENOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 20 IS 1 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA GX273 UT WOS:A1992GX27300050 ER PT J AU DIMITROV, DS GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R AF DIMITROV, DS GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R TI LONG-LIVED FUSOGENIC STATE OF THE HIV-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN EXPRESSED ON CELL-SURFACES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A421 EP A421 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44002414 ER PT J AU DIMITROV, DS HILLMAN, K MANISCHEWITZ, J BLUMENTHAL, R GOLDING, H AF DIMITROV, DS HILLMAN, K MANISCHEWITZ, J BLUMENTHAL, R GOLDING, H TI KINETICS OF SCD4 BINDING TO CELLS EXPRESSING HIV-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A262 EP A262 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44001509 ER PT J AU HAMMONS, GJ GUENGERICH, FP KADLUBAR, FF AF HAMMONS, GJ GUENGERICH, FP KADLUBAR, FF TI COMPARISON OF THE CYTOCHROME-P-450IA2 ENZYME IN HUMAN, RABBIT, AND RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,NASHVILLE,TN. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A322 EP A322 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44001843 ER PT J AU HIRSHFIELD, KM PACKARD, BS BRAND, L AF HIRSHFIELD, KM PACKARD, BS BRAND, L TI TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE DECAY STUDIES OF QUIN-2 - INTERACTIONS WITH CATIONS AND INTRACELLULAR APPLICATIONS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A314 EP A314 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44001794 ER PT J AU KOCSIS, E KESSEL, M TRUS, BL SMITH, PR BRENNAN, M STEVEN, AC AF KOCSIS, E KESSEL, M TRUS, BL SMITH, PR BRENNAN, M STEVEN, AC TI 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION OF THE NATURALLY CRYSTALLINE PORIN IN THE OUTER-MEMBRANE OF AN AVIRULENT STRAIN OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NYU MED CTR,DEPT CELL BIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10016. NIAMS,STRUCT BIOL RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,DCRT,COMP SYST LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A10 EP A10 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44000053 ER PT J AU KOMORIYA, A LIU, SY LEE, YC AF KOMORIYA, A LIU, SY LEE, YC TI GLYCOSYLATION OF THE A431 CELL-DERIVED SECRETED SOLUBLE EGF RECEPTOR IS SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERED AS A FUNCTION OF CELL CULTURING TIME SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DCB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A232 EP A232 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44001335 ER PT J AU PACKARD, BZ KOMORIYA, A AF PACKARD, BZ KOMORIYA, A TI ONCOIMMUNINS - NEW TUMOR-DERIVED CYTOKINES WITH IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DCB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A48 EP A48 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44000270 ER PT J AU PINE, PS WEAVER, JL ASZALOS, A AF PINE, PS WEAVER, JL ASZALOS, A TI CYCLOSPORINE-A, FK-506, AND RAPAMYCIN SUPPRESS THE INTRACELLULAR [CA++] INCREASE INDUCED BY THE BINDING AND SUBSEQUENT CROSS-LINKING OF ALPHA-TCR-ALPHA/BETA-1 IN LYMPHOCYTES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A391 EP A391 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44002248 ER PT J AU PRADHAN, S BRIGGS, F AF PRADHAN, S BRIGGS, F TI NEUROBEHAVIORAL AND NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF PRENATAL ETHANOL ADMINISTRATION IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV BIOEQUIVALENCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. HOWARD UNIV,COLL MED,DEPT GENET & HUMAN GENET,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A518 EP A518 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44002981 ER PT J AU SZABO, G PINE, PS WEAVER, JL KASARI, M ASZALOS, A AF SZABO, G PINE, PS WEAVER, JL KASARI, M ASZALOS, A TI EPITOPE MAPPING BY PHOTOBLEACHING FLUORESCENCE RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER MEASUREMENTS USING A LASER SCANNING MICROSCOPE SYSTEM SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A177 EP A177 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44001013 ER PT J AU ZAPATA, G CROWLEY, J VANN, WF AF ZAPATA, G CROWLEY, J VANN, WF TI ROLE OF CYSTEINE RESIDUES IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI N-ACETYL NEURAMINIC ACID CYTIDYLTRANSFERASE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 1 BP A212 EP A212 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA GY440 UT WOS:A1992GY44001217 ER PT J AU GOEBEL, PW AF GOEBEL, PW TI REGULATORY UPDATES AND IRBS IN THE 1990S SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP GOEBEL, PW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF COMPLIANCE,DIV SCI INVEST,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 1 BP 131 EP 142 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JB665 UT WOS:A1992JB66500010 ER PT J AU PORTER, MJ AF PORTER, MJ TI ENFORCEMENT SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material RP PORTER, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 2 BP 143 EP 148 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JN279 UT WOS:A1992JN27900001 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR AF SHANK, FR TI THE NUTRITION LABELING AND EDUCATION ACT OF 1990 SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP SHANK, FR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 3 BP 247 EP 252 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JN828 UT WOS:A1992JN82800001 ER PT J AU WHITE, S AF WHITE, S TI THE PAST IN THE PRESENT - HISTORY AT THE FDA SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP WHITE, S (reprint author), US FDA,HIST OFF,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 3 BP 269 EP 277 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JN828 UT WOS:A1992JN82800004 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, TE AF WILLIAMS, TE TI FDA INVESTIGATORS AND INVESTIGATIONS IN THE 1990S SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP WILLIAMS, TE (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 3 BP 279 EP 286 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JN828 UT WOS:A1992JN82800005 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, RM AF JOHNSON, RM TI FDA REGULATORY ACTIONS AND FUTURE-PLANS FOR MEDICAL DEVICE PROMOTION AND ADVERTISING SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP JOHNSON, RM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 3 BP 291 EP 294 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JN828 UT WOS:A1992JN82800007 ER PT J AU BARR, D AF BARR, D TI THE CHANGING APPROVAL PROCESS - PREAPPROVAL INSPECTION SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP BARR, D (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVAL & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 4 BP 359 EP 362 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JV994 UT WOS:A1992JV99400003 ER PT J AU URBAN, MA AF URBAN, MA TI THE FDAS POLICY ON SEIZURES, INJUNCTIONS, CIVIL FINES, AND RECALLS SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP URBAN, MA (reprint author), US FDA,OFF ENFORCEMENT REGULATORY AFFAIRS,DIV COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 4 BP 411 EP 419 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JV994 UT WOS:A1992JV99400006 ER PT J AU ADAMS, DG AF ADAMS, DG TI FDA POLICY ON INDUSTRY-SUPPORTED SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES - CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP ADAMS, DG (reprint author), US FDA,OFF COMMISSIONER,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1992 VL 47 IS 6 BP 629 EP 638 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KT491 UT WOS:A1992KT49100002 ER PT B AU SHANK, FR CARSON, KL AF SHANK, FR CARSON, KL BE FINLEY, JW ROBINSON, SF ARMSTRONG, DJ TI WHAT IS SAFE FOOD SO FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT, AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM RP SHANK, FR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2198-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 484 BP 26 EP 34 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BV48F UT WOS:A1992BV48F00003 ER PT B AU HATTAN, DG AF HATTAN, DG BE FINLEY, JW ROBINSON, SF ARMSTRONG, DJ TI ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY TESTING IN THE ASSESSMENT OF FOOD ADDITIVE SAFETY SO FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT, AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM RP HATTAN, DG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2198-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 484 BP 99 EP 104 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BV48F UT WOS:A1992BV48F00010 ER PT B AU GLINSMANN, WH AF GLINSMANN, WH BE FINLEY, JW ROBINSON, SF ARMSTRONG, DJ TI USEFULNESS OF CLINICAL-STUDIES IN ESTABLISHING SAFETY OF FOOD-PRODUCTS SO FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT, AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM RP GLINSMANN, WH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2198-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 484 BP 105 EP 113 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BV48F UT WOS:A1992BV48F00011 ER PT B AU RULIS, AM AF RULIS, AM BE FINLEY, JW ROBINSON, SF ARMSTRONG, DJ TI THRESHOLD OF REGULATION - OPTIONS FOR HANDLING MINIMAL RISK SITUATIONS SO FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT, AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM ID CARCINOGENIC POTENCY DATABASE; ANIMAL BIOASSAYS; CHRONOLOGICAL SUPPLEMENT; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS RP RULIS, AM (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2198-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 484 BP 132 EP 139 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BV48F UT WOS:A1992BV48F00014 ER PT B AU PAULI, GH AF PAULI, GH BE FINLEY, JW ROBINSON, SF ARMSTRONG, DJ TI FOOD INGREDIENT SAFETY EVALUATION - GUIDELINES FROM THE UNITED-STATES-FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SO FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT, AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM RP PAULI, GH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD & COLOR ADDITIVES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2198-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 484 BP 140 EP 148 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BV48F UT WOS:A1992BV48F00015 ER PT B AU WOOD, GE POHLAND, AE AF WOOD, GE POHLAND, AE BE FINLEY, JW ROBINSON, SF ARMSTRONG, DJ TI MYCOTOXINS IN FOODS AND THEIR SAFETY RAMIFICATIONS SO FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT, AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM ID SAMPLE PREPARATION; AFLATOXIN; FEEDS; CORN RP WOOD, GE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2198-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 484 BP 261 EP 275 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BV48F UT WOS:A1992BV48F00025 ER PT B AU DIACHENKO, GW CANAS, BJ JOE, FL DINOVI, M AF DIACHENKO, GW CANAS, BJ JOE, FL DINOVI, M BE FINLEY, JW ROBINSON, SF ARMSTRONG, DJ TI ETHYL CARBAMATE IN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND FERMENTED FOODS SO FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON FOOD SAFETY ASSESSMENT, AT THE 200TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC CY AUG 26-31, 1990 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM RP DIACHENKO, GW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2198-7 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 484 BP 419 EP 428 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BV48F UT WOS:A1992BV48F00034 ER PT J AU CHEN, TM CHIOU, WL AF CHEN, TM CHIOU, WL TI LARGE DIFFERENCES IN THE BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE AND VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN NORMAL SUBJECTS FROM 11 STUDIES - CORRELATION WITH THEIR LAST BLOOD-SAMPLING TIMES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE PHARMACOKINETICS; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; SAMPLING SCHEDULE; BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE ID GASTROINTESTINAL ABSORPTION; DRUG CONCENTRATION; MARKED DEPENDENCE; PHARMACOKINETICS; PHARMACODYNAMICS; THERAPEUTICS; TOXICOLOGY; EXCRETION; RATIONALE; SITE AB In spite of more than three decades of wide use of hydrochlorothiazide as a diuretic, its mean biological half-life (t1/2) and apparent volume of distribution (Vd(area)) in normal subjects were found to vary greatly among 11 studies reported between 1976 and 1986. For example, the mean t1/2 values ranged from 3.2 to 13.1 h and Vd(area) values from 1.53 to 4.19 l/kg. Furthermore, a t1/2 of only 2.5 h and a Vd(area) of only 0.83 l/kg were cited in a recent textbook. The present analyses show a positive correlation between the length of the last blood sampling time (t(last)) employed and the t1/2 or Vd(area). The smaller t1/2 and Vd(area) values reported were attributed to the insufficient length of time used in blood sampling for a drug exhibiting polyexponential disposition function. The kinetic and dynamic significance of the findings were briefly described. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACODYNAM,MC 865,CHICAGO,IL 60612. US FDA,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE PI MUNCHEN-DEISENHOFEN PA BAHNHOFSTRABE 9 POSTFACH 49, W-8024 MUNCHEN-DEISENHOFEN, GERMANY SN 0946-1965 J9 INT J CLIN PHARM TH JI Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 30 IS 1 BP 34 EP 37 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JC468 UT WOS:A1992JC46800007 PM 1551742 ER PT B AU WHITE, PB AF WHITE, PB GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI HOW FDA PROMOTES UNITED-STATES TRADE SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,OFF STAND & REGULAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 10 EP 14 PG 5 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00002 ER PT B AU CHAMBERLAIN, VC DERISIO, RD VANASTEN, J AF CHAMBERLAIN, VC DERISIO, RD VANASTEN, J GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI CASE STUDY - HOW THE UNITED-STATES HAS BEEN REPRESENTED IN ISO/TC-198, THE COMMITTEE RESPONSIBLE FOR MEDICAL DEVICE STERILIZATION STANDARDS SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 39 EP 47 PG 9 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00007 ER PT B AU HOOTEN, F AF HOOTEN, F GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI FDAS GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES AND THE ISO-9000 SERIES ON QUALITY SYSTEMS SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,DIV COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 63 EP 69 PG 7 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00009 ER PT B AU WHITE, PB AF WHITE, PB GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI HARMONIZATION OR MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS IN MAJOR WORLD MARKETS SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF STAND & REGULAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 87 EP 91 PG 5 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00011 ER PT B AU CHAMBERLAIN, VC AF CHAMBERLAIN, VC GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI PROGRESS OF ISO STERILIZATION STANDARDS SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 101 EP 104 PG 4 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00013 ER PT B AU GREBERMAN, M AF GREBERMAN, M GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI HEALTH CARE INFORMATICS - ISSUES, STANDARDS, AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 127 EP 131 PG 5 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00018 ER PT B AU CHAMBERLAIN, VC DERISIO, RJ PAGE, BFJ VANASTEN, J AF CHAMBERLAIN, VC DERISIO, RJ PAGE, BFJ VANASTEN, J GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI STERILIZATION SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 170 EP 187 PG 18 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00021 ER PT B AU GREBERMAN, M HARRINGTON, J FITZMAURICE, MJ MATTHEUS, R MCDONALD, CJ AF GREBERMAN, M HARRINGTON, J FITZMAURICE, MJ MATTHEUS, R MCDONALD, CJ GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI SOFTWARE AND INFORMATICS SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND MARKET ACCESS: CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT AAMI 1992 International Standards Conference on Medical Devices, International Standards and Market Access CY 1992 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT, AMER NATL STAND INST, US FDA, HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC, NATL COMM CLIN LAB STAND, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURES ASSOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 0-910275-05-X PY 1992 BP 251 EP 265 PG 15 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA BB76T UT WOS:A1992BB76T00026 ER PT B AU MAY, JC WHEELER, RM ETZ, N DELGROSSO, A AF MAY, JC WHEELER, RM ETZ, N DELGROSSO, A GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI MEASUREMENT OF FINAL CONTAINER RESIDUAL MOISTURE IN FREEZE-DRIED BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT FREEZE-DRYING AND FORMULATION SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT FREEZE-DRYING AND FORMULATION CY OCT 24-26, 1990 CL NIH, WARREN GRANT MAGNUSON CLIN CTR, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOLOGICS EVALUAT & RES HO NIH, WARREN GRANT MAGNUSON CLIN CTR RP MAY, JC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5466-4 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 74 BP 153 EP 164 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BV50G UT WOS:A1992BV50G00013 PM 1592165 ER PT B AU QUINNAN, GJ AF QUINNAN, GJ GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI CONTINUOUS CELL-LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES - BETHESDA, MD, USA, 1991 - WORKSHOP INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP QUINNAN, GJ (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00001 ER PT B AU KOZAK, RW AF KOZAK, RW GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES - RECENTLY DEVELOPED METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZING CELL-LINES SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP KOZAK, RW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 21 EP 24 PG 4 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00004 PM 1478337 ER PT B AU NOGUCHI, PD AF NOGUCHI, PD GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI TUMORIGENICITY TESTING - PAST CONCERNS, FUTURE-PROBLEMS SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP NOGUCHI, PD (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 47 EP 50 PG 4 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00008 PM 1478354 ER PT B AU SEAMON, KB AF SEAMON, KB GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI GENETIC AND BIOCHEMICAL FACTORS AFFECTING PRODUCT CONSISTENCY - INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP SEAMON, KB (reprint author), US FDA,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20901, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 63 EP 67 PG 5 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00010 PM 1478357 ER PT B AU MARCUSSEKURA, CJ AF MARCUSSEKURA, CJ GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES - DETECTION OF RETROVIRUSES AND ASSOCIATED RISKS SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP MARCUSSEKURA, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 137 EP 140 PG 4 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00016 PM 1478334 ER PT B AU SCRIBNER, CL AF SCRIBNER, CL GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES - APPROPRIATE METHODS OF PROCESS VALIDATION SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP SCRIBNER, CL (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,OBPR,DBIND,HEMATOL PROD BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 213 EP 214 PG 2 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00024 PM 1478338 ER PT B AU MARCUSSEKURA, CJ AF MARCUSSEKURA, CJ GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI VALIDATION OF REMOVAL OF HUMAN RETROVIRUSES SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP MARCUSSEKURA, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 215 EP 223 PG 9 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00025 PM 1478339 ER PT B AU ALBRECHT, P AF ALBRECHT, P GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES - NEW POTENTIAL CONTAMINANTS AND OTHER EXOGENOUS AGENTS SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP ALBRECHT, P (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 255 EP 258 PG 4 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00029 PM 1478344 ER PT B AU KLINMAN, DM AF KLINMAN, DM GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES - VIRAL VECTORS AND POTENTIAL PROBLEMS IN THEIR USE SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,RETROVIRUS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 299 EP 300 PG 2 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00034 PM 1478347 ER PT B AU KASSIS, JA AF KASSIS, JA GP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT TI INSECT CELLS - INTRODUCTION TO THE ISSUES SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES - AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CURRENT ISSUES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CONTINUOUS CELL LINES CY MAR 20-22, 1991 CL NIH CAMPUS, BETHESDA, MD SP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, NIAID, NATL VACCINE PROGRAM OFF, WHO HO NIH CAMPUS RP KASSIS, JA (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Kassis, Judith/0000-0001-9268-3213 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5618-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 1992 VL 76 BP 311 EP 312 PG 2 WC Biology; Immunology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Immunology GA BW99W UT WOS:A1992BW99W00036 PM 1478349 ER PT B AU ROSENSTEIN, M SULEIMAN, OH BURKHART, RL WILLIAMS, G AF ROSENSTEIN, M SULEIMAN, OH BURKHART, RL WILLIAMS, G GP INT RADIAT PROTECT ASSOC TI MORE HANDBOOKS OF TISSUE DOSES IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY SO IRPA8 - EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION ASSOCIATION - WORLDWIDE ACHIEVEMENT IN PUBLIC AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION, VOL I LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Congress of the International-Radiation-Protection-Association - Worldwide Achievement in Public and Occupational Health Protection Against Radiation CY MAY 17-22, 1992 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP INT RADIAT PROTECT ASSOC, CANADIAN RADIAT PROTECT ASSOC C1 FDA,CTR DEV & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT RADIATION PROTECTION ASSOC PI MONTREAL PA 2155 RUE GUY, BUREAU 820, MONTREAL PQ H3H 2R9, CANADA BN 1-55048-657-8 PY 1992 BP 190 EP 193 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BC18J UT WOS:A1992BC18J00042 ER PT B AU BURNETT, B ROSENSTEIN, M AF BURNETT, B ROSENSTEIN, M GP INT RADIAT PROTECT ASSOC TI UNITED-STATES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CONTROL OF ACCIDENTAL RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF HUMAN FOOD AND ANIMAL FEEDS SO IRPA8 - EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION ASSOCIATION - WORLDWIDE ACHIEVEMENT IN PUBLIC AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION, VOL II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Congress of the International-Radiation-Protection-Association - Worldwide Achievement in Public and Occupational Health Protection Against Radiation CY MAY 17-22, 1992 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP INT RADIAT PROTECT ASSOC, CANADIAN RADIAT PROTECT ASSOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT RADIATION PROTECTION ASSOC PI MONTREAL PA 2155 RUE GUY, BUREAU 820, MONTREAL PQ H3H 2R9, CANADA BN 1-55048-658-6 PY 1992 BP 1520 EP 1523 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology GA BC18K UT WOS:A1992BC18K00123 ER PT J AU SCHROEDER, LW AF SCHROEDER, LW TI SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE SURFACE WETTING RELAXATION OF LATEX RUBBERS SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CONDOMS; WETTING FORCE; RELAXATION; LATEX; STRETCHED EXPONENTIAL ID CONTACT ANGLES; SOLID-SURFACES AB The relaxation of dynamic contact angles using distilled water was measured for some elastomeric latex rubbers (unlubricated condoms). These measurements indicated that the wetting force increased with time after the forced motion of the meniscus was stopped. The time variation of the wetting force was analyzed with the help of several models. Neither a simple exponential of the Debye type nor an exponential based on diffusion fitted the data adequately. The experimental data are described best by a stretched exponential. One mechanism for this dependence would be the dispersive motion of the meniscus because of the chemical and physical heterogeneity of the latex rubber surface. A time dependent deformation of the thin rubber sheet due to wetting may also explain the time dependence, but cannot explain all results. RP SCHROEDER, LW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU VSP BV PI ZEIST PA PO BOX 346, 3700 AH ZEIST, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4243 J9 J ADHES SCI TECHNOL JI J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. PY 1992 VL 6 IS 6 BP 733 EP 743 DI 10.1163/156856192X01079 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA JC822 UT WOS:A1992JC82200010 ER PT J AU SMALLWOOD, AW DEBORD, KE LOWRY, LK AF SMALLWOOD, AW DEBORD, KE LOWRY, LK TI N,N'-DIETHYL-META-TOLUAMIDE (META-DET) - ANALYSIS OF AN INSECT REPELLENT IN HUMAN URINE AND SERUM BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION RP SMALLWOOD, AW (reprint author), US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,1141 W CENT PKWY,CINCINNATI,OH 45202, USA. NR 13 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 16 IS 1 BP 10 EP 13 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA HA113 UT WOS:A1992HA11300002 PM 1640692 ER PT J AU BENNETT, RW AF BENNETT, RW TI THE BIOMOLECULAR TEMPERAMENT OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN IN THERMALLY PROCESSED FOODS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEAT INACTIVATION; PH RP BENNETT, RW (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 6 EP 12 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700003 ER PT J AU MARCHESE, SM AF MARCHESE, SM TI DRUGS-I SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP MARCHESE, SM (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,109 HOLTON ST,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 85 EP 85 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700024 ER PT J AU SMITH, E AF SMITH, E TI DRUGS-II SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP SMITH, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 85 EP 86 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700025 ER PT J AU FINKELSON, MJ AF FINKELSON, MJ TI DRUGS-III SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP FINKELSON, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,109 HOLTON ST,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 86 EP 87 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700026 ER PT J AU ALEXANDER, TG AF ALEXANDER, TG TI DRUGS-V SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP ALEXANDER, TG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,HFD-473,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 87 EP 88 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700028 ER PT J AU NG, LL AF NG, LL TI DRUGS-IV SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP NG, LL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 87 EP 87 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700027 ER PT J AU BARNES, CJ AF BARNES, CJ TI DRUG RESIDUES IN ANIMAL-TISSUES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP BARNES, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV VET MED RES,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700029 ER PT J AU CICHOWICZ, SM AF CICHOWICZ, SM TI FORENSIC SCIENCES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP CICHOWICZ, SM (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 89 EP 89 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700031 ER PT J AU FAZIO, T AF FAZIO, T TI FOOD-ADDITIVES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS ID THERMAL-ENERGY ANALYZER; ETHYL CARBAMATE; BEVERAGES RP FAZIO, T (reprint author), US FDA,OFF PHYS SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 91 EP 93 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700034 ER PT J AU PAGE, SW AF PAGE, SW TI PLANT TOXINS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS ID OFF-LINE SFE; CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION; SYMPHYTUM; ALKALOIDS; RECOVERY RP PAGE, SW (reprint author), US FDA,NAT PROD & INSTRUMENTAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 102 EP 103 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700037 ER PT J AU HUNGERFORD, JM AF HUNGERFORD, JM TI SEAFOOD PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS ID HISTAMINE RP HUNGERFORD, JM (reprint author), US FDA,22201 23RD DR SE,POB 3012,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 104 EP 106 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700038 ER PT J AU FIRESTONE, D AF FIRESTONE, D TI FATS AND OILS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS ID VEGETABLE-OILS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STANDARDIZED METHOD; TOCOPHEROLS RP FIRESTONE, D (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 109 EP 112 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700042 ER PT J AU PROSKY, L AF PROSKY, L TI DIETARY FIBER SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP PROSKY, L (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 109 EP 109 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700041 ER PT J AU BOLAND, FE AF BOLAND, FE TI FRUITS AND FRUIT PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP BOLAND, FE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 112 EP 114 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700043 ER PT J AU MULVANEY, TR AF MULVANEY, TR TI PROCESSED VEGETABLE PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP MULVANEY, TR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 114 EP 115 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700045 ER PT J AU NEWTON, JM AF NEWTON, JM TI NONALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP NEWTON, JM (reprint author), US FDA,50 UNITED NATIONS PLAZA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94102, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700044 ER PT J AU DEUTSCH, MJ AF DEUTSCH, MJ TI VITAMINS AND OTHER NUTRIENTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP DEUTSCH, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700048 ER PT J AU CAPAR, SG AF CAPAR, SG TI METALS AND OTHER ELEMENTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP CAPAR, SG (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 118 EP 119 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700049 ER PT J AU SAWYER, LD AF SAWYER, LD TI MULTIRESIDUE METHODS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP SAWYER, LD (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 119 EP 122 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700050 ER PT J AU MCMAHON, BM AF MCMAHON, BM TI ORGANOHALOGEN PESTICIDES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP MCMAHON, BM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 122 EP 123 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700051 ER PT J AU BARATTA, EJ AF BARATTA, EJ TI RADIOACTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP BARATTA, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700054 ER PT J AU BANDLER, R AF BANDLER, R TI ANALYTICAL MYCOLOGY AND MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP BANDLER, R (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 126 EP 126 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700055 ER PT J AU HITCHINS, AD AF HITCHINS, AD TI COSMETIC MICROBIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP HITCHINS, AD (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,HFF-234,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 127 EP 127 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700057 ER PT J AU ANDREWS, WH AF ANDREWS, WH TI FOOD MICROBIOLOGY - NONDAIRY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS ID SALMONELLA RP ANDREWS, WH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 129 EP 134 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700060 ER PT J AU BOESE, JL AF BOESE, JL TI FILTH AND EXTRANEOUS MATERIALS IN FOODS AND DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFF ANALYT CHEMISTS RP BOESE, JL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP 135 EP 136 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700061 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S AF SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S TI ANALYTICAL METHODS VALIDATION - BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE, AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. WELLCOME RES LABS,BECKENHAM BR3 3BS,KENT,ENGLAND. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. BUR DRUG RES,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. AMER CYANAMID CO,LEDERLE LABS,PEARL RIVER,NY 10965. USFDA,DIV DRUG ANAL,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ST LOUIS,MO 63101. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,PHARMACEUT RES INST,SYRACUSE,NY 13221. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. NR 0 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 75 IS 1 BP A19 EP & PG 0 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK107 UT WOS:A1992HK10700001 ER PT J AU ZAPATA, G CROWLEY, JM VANN, WF AF ZAPATA, G CROWLEY, JM VANN, WF TI SEQUENCE AND EXPRESSION OF THE ESCHERICHIA-COLI K1 NEUC GENE-PRODUCT SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID SYNTHETASE; CELL-ADHESION MOLECULE; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; PROTEIN; CLONING; PURIFICATION AB The nucleotide sequence of the neuC gene of the Escherichia coli K1 capsule gene cluster encodes a protein with a predicted molecular weight of 44,210 containing 391 amino acids. A chimeric protein with beta-galactosidase fused to the carboxy terminus of the neuC gene product (P7) was constructed and purified. Its amino-terminal sequence confirmed the prediction from the nucleotide sequence that the neuC gene overlaps the distal end of the neuA gene by a single base pair. Both the neuA and neuC genes are coexpressed under the control of a single upstream T7 or tac promoter, suggesting that neuA and neuC are part of an operon. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDES LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 174 IS 1 BP 315 EP 319 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GZ442 UT WOS:A1992GZ44200044 PM 1729218 ER PT J AU RAFII, F SMITH, DB BENSON, RW CERNIGLIA, CE AF RAFII, F SMITH, DB BENSON, RW CERNIGLIA, CE TI IMMUNOLOGICAL HOMOLOGY AMONG AZOREDUCTASES FROM CLOSTRIDIUM AND EUBACTERIUM STRAINS ISOLATED FROM HUMAN INTESTINAL MICROFLORA SO JOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AZO DYES; BENZIDINE; HYDROGENASES; METABOLISM; JAPONICUM; REDUCTION AB Azoreductases from several anaerobic intestinal bacteria have been shown to reduce azo dyes to carcinogenic aromatic amines. To evaluate the structural similarities of azoreductases from four species of Clostridium and one species of Eubacterium, a polyclonal antibody against purified Clostridium perfringens azoreductase was generated in rabbits. This antibody inhibited the azoreductase activity of all five bacteria tested. ELISA showed different degrees of binding of the antibody to various species of bacteria. In a Western blot, the antibody reacted with the purified azoreductases from all four Clostridium species and the Eubacterium species. These results demonstrate that the azoreductases from the bacteria tested share similar antigenic domains, which are probably located in the active site of the enzyme. Azoreductases from these intestinal bacteria are similar enough to be considered as a single group of enzymes with respect to their functions and antigenicity. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,HFT-250,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0233-111X J9 J BASIC MICROB JI J. Basic Microbiol. PY 1992 VL 32 IS 2 BP 99 EP 105 DI 10.1002/jobm.3620320204 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HV504 UT WOS:A1992HV50400003 PM 1512704 ER PT J AU OZA, NB GOUD, HD AF OZA, NB GOUD, HD TI KININOGENASE OF THE AORTIC-WALL IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON CONTROL OF VASCULAR TONE BY BRADYKININ AND ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME CY MAR 14, 1992 CL GERMAN HEART INST, BERLIN, GERMANY SP ICI PHARMA HO GERMAN HEART INST DE KALLIKREIN; KININ SYSTEM; KININOGENASE IN SHRS; KININOGENASE OF BLOOD VESSEL WALL; KININOGENASE AND VASCULAR TONE; BRADYKININ AND VASCULAR TONE ID KALLIKREIN AB We determined kinin-generating activity (kininogenase) in the thoracic aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) at age 5 and 15 weeks and in appropriately age-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Aorta homogenates were incubated with partially purified dog kininogen, and the resulting kinins were extracted with ethanol. The kinins were determined by a sensitive kinin radioimmunoassay (RIA). Kininogenase activity was expressed as mean +/- SEM, picogram kinin generated/mg x protein/h. Active kininogenase in SHR was approximately one-third in 5-week-old and about one-fifth in 15-week-old rats when compared with their normotensive controls. Total kininogenase activity in SHRs was approximately 80% and 58% of the normotensive controls at ages 5 weeks and 15 weeks, respectively. Active enzyme was 14% of the total in 5-week-old SHRs, and it was only 5% of the total in 15-week-old SHRs. It seems unlikely that the changes in kininogenase are secondary to hypertension because blood pressor is only marginally elevated at 5 weeks according to the literature. We hypothesize that genetic hypertensive rats may suffer from an inherent deficiency in the kininogenase activity of the vascular wall. The deficiency may also be in the mechanism of activation of precursor enzyme. C1 BOSTON UNIV HOSP,MED CTR,EVANS MEM DEPT CLIN RES,RENAL SECT,BOSTON,MA 02218. BOSTON UNIV HOSP,MED CTR,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02218. RP OZA, NB (reprint author), US FDA,HFD 110,ROOM 16B-19,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0160-2446 J9 J CARDIOVASC PHARM JI J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. PY 1992 VL 20 SU 9 BP S1 EP S3 DI 10.1097/00005344-199200209-00002 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KC699 UT WOS:A1992KC69900002 PM 1282621 ER PT J AU CARLONE, GM FRASCH, CE SIBER, GR QUATAERT, S GHEESLING, LL TURNER, SH PLIKAYTIS, BD HELSEL, LO DEWITT, WE BIBB, WF SWAMINATHAN, B ARAKERE, G THOMPSON, C PHIPPS, D MADORE, D BROOME, CV AF CARLONE, GM FRASCH, CE SIBER, GR QUATAERT, S GHEESLING, LL TURNER, SH PLIKAYTIS, BD HELSEL, LO DEWITT, WE BIBB, WF SWAMINATHAN, B ARAKERE, G THOMPSON, C PHIPPS, D MADORE, D BROOME, CV TI MULTICENTER COMPARISON OF LEVELS OF ANTIBODY TO THE NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS GROUP-A CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE MEASURED BY USING AN ENZYME-LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; LATEX AGGLUTINATION; BINDING ASSAY; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; ANTIGENS; IMMUNIZATION; QUANTITATION; VACCINE AB There is no standard immunoassay for evaluating immune responses to meningococcal vaccines. We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure total levels of antibody to Neisseria meningitidis group A capsular polysaccharide. Five laboratories measured the antibody levels in six paired pre- and postvaccination serum samples by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Methylated human serum albumin was used to bind native group. A polysaccharide to microtiter plate surfaces. The between-laboratory coefficients of variation for pre- and postvaccination sera had ranges of 31 to 91 and 17 to 31, respectively. The mean laboratory coefficients of variation for pre- and postvaccination sera, respectively, were 17 and 11 (Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centers for Disease Control), 12 and 15 (Immunodiagnostic Methods Laboratory, Centers for Disease Control), 22 and 19 (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute), 38 and 38 (Bacterial Polysaccharide Laboratory, U.S. Food and Drug Administration), and 11 and 10 (Praxis Biologics, Inc.). Standardization of this enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay should allow interlaboratory comparison of meningococcal vaccine immunogenicity, thus providing a laboratory-based assessment tool for evaluating meningococcal vaccines. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DANA FARBER CANC INST,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. PRAXIS BIOL INC,ROCHESTER,NY 14623. CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR INFECT DIS,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,BIOSTAT & INFORMAT MANAGEMENT BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP CARLONE, GM (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR INFECT DIS,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,MENINGITIS & SPECIAL PATHOGENS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 25 TC 92 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 30 IS 1 BP 154 EP 159 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GV355 UT WOS:A1992GV35500025 PM 1734048 ER PT J AU ZIERDT, CH HOSEIN, IK SHIVELY, R MACLOWRY, JD AF ZIERDT, CH HOSEIN, IK SHIVELY, R MACLOWRY, JD TI PHAGE PATTERN-SPECIFIC OXACILLIN-RESISTANT AND BORDERLINE OXACILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS IN UNITED-STATES HOSPITALS - EPIDEMIOLOGIC SIGNIFICANCE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID METHICILLIN RESISTANCE; INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK; STRAINS; EVOLUTION AB For a 13-year period (1978 through 1990), oxacillin-resistant (MIC, > 4-mu-g/ml) Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) strains were collected from Clinical Center (National Institutes of Health) patients and patients from five other U.S. hospitals. From Clinical Center patients, 251 of 253 isolates (99%) were bacteriophage typed as phage group III. Five other hospitals contributed 203 ORSA strains, of which 188 (93%) were group III. The group III ORSA strains predominantly included a characteristic core pattern of phages, 7/47/53/54/75/77. For the low-level (borderline) oxacillin-resistant strains (MIC, 2 to 4-mu-g/ml), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination (Augmentin) testing disclosed 62 hyper-beta-lactamase producers, of which 59 (95%) were of a separate, distinct S. aureus strain, with the phage pattern 92/94/96/292/D-11 (group V). Thus, ORSA and hyper-beta-lactamase producing S. aureus are distinct epidemic strains. C1 UNIV HOSP JACKSONVILLE,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32209. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. GRP HLTH ASSOC INC,WASHINGTON,DC 20006. RP ZIERDT, CH (reprint author), NIH,DEPT CLIN PATHOL,MICROBIOL SERV,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 30 IS 1 BP 252 EP 254 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GV355 UT WOS:A1992GV35500049 PM 1734064 ER PT J AU BARRETT, TA DELVY, ML KENNEDY, DM LEFRANCOIS, L MATIS, LA DENT, AL HEDRICK, SM BLUESTONE, JA AF BARRETT, TA DELVY, ML KENNEDY, DM LEFRANCOIS, L MATIS, LA DENT, AL HEDRICK, SM BLUESTONE, JA TI MECHANISM OF SELF-TOLERANCE OF GAMMA-DELTA T-CELLS IN EPITHELIAL TISSUE SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; RECEPTOR TRANSGENIC MICE; CLONAL ANERGY; LYMPHOCYTES-T; I-E; DELETION; ANTIGEN; ELIMINATION; SPECIFICITY; THYMOCYTES AB The present study examined mechanisms of tolerance for T cell receptor gamma/delta (TCR-gamma/delta) cells. Using a transgenic (Tg) model, we demonstrate that although alloantigen (Ag)-specific TCR-gamma/ delta-cells are deleted in the thymus and spleen of Ag-bearing mice, intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) expressing normal levels of the Tg TCR were present. However, Tg+ IELs from Ag-bearing mice were unresponsive to activation. Furthermore, self-reactive Tg+ IELs decreased in number over time. Thus, in epithelial tissue, Tg TCR-gamma/delta-cells are eliminated subsequent to and most likely as a result of the induction of clonal anergy. C1 UPJOHN CO,DIV CELL BIOL,KALAMAZOO,MI 49001. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT BIOL,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CTR CANC,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP BARRETT, TA (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,BEN MAY INST,5841 S MARYLAND AVE,BOX 424,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-14599]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI-26847] NR 32 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 175 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1084/jem.175.1.65 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA GY436 UT WOS:A1992GY43600009 PM 1730927 ER PT J AU ESTELA, LA SOFOS, JN FLORES, BB AF ESTELA, LA SOFOS, JN FLORES, BB TI BACTERIOPHAGE-TYPING OF LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES CULTURES ISOLATED FROM SEAFOODS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID PHAGE AB Listeria monocytogenes cultures isolated from a variety of seafoods were subjected to phage typing procedures utilizing the French International set of L. monocytogenes bacteriophages. These cultures were also subjected to the activity of newly isolated North American phages to L. monocytogenes. There were 147 serotype 1/2 and 80 serotype 4b L. monocytogenes cultures isolated from 16 varieties of marine products included in this study. L. monocytogenes was most frequently isolated from crab meat, salmon, and shrimp. Bacteriophages to serotype 1/2 isolates most frequently observed as single patterns were 575, 1967, 2685, and 19. Serotype 4b phages observed most frequently were 1317, 2425, and 52 as single phage patterns, and 52/340/110/108/2671/ 2425/2389 and the new North American phages 90861/910716/ 93253/90666 as one complete spectrum. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes and their respective phage spectra observed in the 16 varieties of seafoods studied is discussed. RP ESTELA, LA (reprint author), US FDA,DENVER DIST LAB,POB 25087,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 55 IS 1 BP 13 EP 17 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA GZ444 UT WOS:A1992GZ44400003 ER PT J AU REDDY, NR ARMSTRONG, DJ RHODEHAMEL, EJ KAUTTER, DA AF REDDY, NR ARMSTRONG, DJ RHODEHAMEL, EJ KAUTTER, DA TI SHELF-LIFE EXTENSION AND SAFETY CONCERNS ABOUT FRESH FISHERY PRODUCTS PACKAGED UNDER MODIFIED ATMOSPHERES - A REVIEW SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RAPID METHODS AND AUTOMATION IN MICROBIOLOGY 12 CY JUL 10-17, 1991 CL KANSAS STATE UNIV, MANHATTAN, KS HO KANSAS STATE UNIV ID NONPROTEOLYTIC CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; CARBON-DIOXIDE ATMOSPHERE; ROCK COD SEBASTES; CO2-ENRICHED ATMOSPHERES; STORAGE CHARACTERISTICS; POTASSIUM SORBATE; TOXIN PRODUCTION; MICROBIAL-FLORA; GAS ATMOSPHERES; RETAIL PACKAGES AB Shelf-life and quality of fresh fishery products can be extended by the use of a modified atmosphere (MA) and high barrier film packaging coupled with refrigerated storage. MAs with elevated levels of carbon dioxide inhibit or slow the growth of various aerobic spoilage bacteria of fishery products by extending the lag phase. However, at the same time, MAs provide conditions for the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and food pathogens within the package. The extension of the storage life of the refrigerated MA products may enable the slower-growing Gram-positive bacteria to reach high populations. The shelf-life of fishery products packaged under MAs rich in carbon dioxide coupled with storage at 8.0-degrees-C or below can be extended more than 100%. Major safety concerns regarding the risk of foodborne botulism can result from MA packaging of fresh fishery products that contain the spores of nonproteolytic C. botulinum and are subsequently temperature-abused. Minimizing the risk of foodborne, botulism by including inhibitory factors such as antimicrobial agents before packaging fishery products under MAs and strict adherence to refrigerated storage temperatures are discussed. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP REDDY, NR (reprint author), US FDA,FOOD ENGN BRANCH,6502 S ARCHER AVE,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA. NR 99 TC 80 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 10 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 SN 0149-6085 J9 J FOOD SAFETY JI J. Food Saf. PY 1992 VL 12 IS 2 BP 87 EP 118 PG 32 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA HC791 UT WOS:A1992HC79100001 ER PT J AU MORGAN, JN ARMSTRONG, DJ AF MORGAN, JN ARMSTRONG, DJ TI QUANTIFICATION OF CHOLESTEROL OXIDATION-PRODUCTS IN EGG-YOLK POWDER SPRAY-DRIED WITH DIRECT HEATING SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE EGG YOLK; SPRAY-DRIED; CHOLESTEROL; OXIDATION; COPS ID LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD; ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; OXIDES; FOODS; ESTERIFICATION; INHIBITION; CELLS AB A direct-heated spray dryer with an evaporative capacity of up to 7 kg H2O/hr was used to identify processing conditions responsible for formation of cholesterol oxidation products (COPS) in spray-dried egg yolk. Outlet air temperature and nitrogen oxides (NO(x)) in the combustion gases were the only conditions that affected COPS levels. At outlet temperature 150-degrees-C, total COPS concentrations in the spray-dried product were 75 ppm at 5 ppm NO(x) and 213 ppm at 300 ppm NO(x). In products dried at 75-degrees-C outlet temperature, total COPS concentrations were 21 ppm at 5 ppm NO(x) and 58 ppm at 300 ppm NO(x). In general, individual COPS responded to outlet temperature and NO(x) in the same manner as total COPS. RP MORGAN, JN (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,FOOD ENGN BRANCH,6502 S ARCHER AVE,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA. NR 39 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 2 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 57 IS 1 BP 43 EP & DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb05420.x PG 0 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA HD555 UT WOS:A1992HD55500011 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, EW JONES, LA KOZAK, RW AF JOHNSON, EW JONES, LA KOZAK, RW TI EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTORS ON ANTI-CD3-ACTIVATED HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-T SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MANNOSE 6-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR; I GENE-EXPRESSION; SOMATOMEDIN-C; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; CROSS-LINKING; PROLIFERATION; HORMONE; BINDING; PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ AB The pattern of expression of receptors for insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) and insulin was studied on monocyte-depleted human peripheral blood T cells activated via anti-CD3. Binding assays demonstrated the sequential appearance of receptors for IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin on activated T cells. IGF-IR appeared early, their expression reaching maximum levels at or before the peak of cellular proliferation. IGF-IIR expression generally followed that of the IGF-IR and was more transient, with increases and decreases in expression paralleling the rise and decline of cellular proliferation. Insulin receptor expression remained low throughout the activation time course. The identity of the IGFR on anti-CD3-activated T cells was confirmed in affinity cross-linking experiments. These data demonstrated a 135,000 M(r) peptide that specifically binds radiolabeled IGF-I and corresponds to the alpha-subunit of the type I IGF-IR, and a 260,000 M(r) peptide that specifically binds radiolabeled IGF-II and corresponds to the type II IGFR. We have additionally found that IGF-I and IGF-II (in nanomolar concentrations) produce as much as a threefold enhancement of T cell proliferation early in the activation process, correlating with the early appearance of IGF-IR. The effect of both IGF appeared to be mediated through the type I receptor, since an antibody (alpha-IR3), which blocks binding to the alpha-subunit of this receptor, inhibited enhancement by up to 83%. Furthermore, we have found expression of IGF-IR on T cells after activation to be associated with both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subpopulations. These observations provide a foundation for investigating the contribution of IGF in regulating T cell proliferation, differentiation, and effector function. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8600 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2A-11,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 54 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JAN 1 PY 1992 VL 148 IS 1 BP 63 EP 71 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA GX162 UT WOS:A1992GX16200010 PM 1345791 ER PT J AU SUTHERLAND, JB AF SUTHERLAND, JB TI DETOXIFICATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS BY FUNGI SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIOREMEDIATION; BIOTRANSFORMATION; CYTOCHROME-P-450; METABOLISM; PAHS ID ASPERGILLUS-OCHRACEUS-TS; WHITE ROT FUNGUS; CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; BENZO(A)PYRENE HYDROXYLASE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; MICROBIAL-METABOLISM; EXTRACELLULAR LIGNINASES; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA AB The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of hazardous environmental pollutants, many of which are acutely toxic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic. A diverse group of fungi, including Aspergillus ochraceus, Cunninghamella elegans, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Syncephalastrum racemosum, have the ability to oxidize PAHs. The PAHs anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, fluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, as well as several methyl-, nitro-, and fluoro-substituted PAHs, are metabolized by one or more of these fungi. Unsubstituted PAHs are oxidized initially to arene oxides, trans-dihydrodiols, phenols, quinones, and tetralones. Phenols and trans-dihydrodiols may be further metabolized, and thus detoxified, by conjugation with sulfate, glucuronic acid, glucose, or xylose. Although dihydrodiol epoxides and other mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds have been detected as minor fungal metabolites of a few PAHs, most transformations performed by fungi reduce the mutagenicity and thus detoxify the PAHs. RP SUTHERLAND, JB (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 88 TC 123 Z9 129 U1 4 U2 20 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL JI J. Indust. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 9 IS 1 BP 53 EP 61 DI 10.1007/BF01576368 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA HH323 UT WOS:A1992HH32300007 PM 1367975 ER PT J AU WORMSER, GP BITTKER, S FORSETER, G HEWLETT, IK ARGANI, I JOSHI, B EPSTEIN, JS BUCHER, D AF WORMSER, GP BITTKER, S FORSETER, G HEWLETT, IK ARGANI, I JOSHI, B EPSTEIN, JS BUCHER, D TI ABSENCE OF INFECTIOUS HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 IN NATURAL ECCRINE SWEAT SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LANGERHANS CELLS; HEPATITIS-B; HIV-1; TRANSMISSION; REPLICATION; RNA AB Although human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been found in numerous body fluids, there are no reports of attempts to demonstrate this virus in eccrine sweat, a fluid frequently encountered during person-to-person interactions. "Natural" eccrine sweat samples and blood from 50 HIV-1-seropositive patients and 2 HIV-1-seronegative controls were cultured for HIV-1 by a cocultivation method. Polymerase chain reaction for HIV-1 RNA and proviral DNA was done on 40 sweat samples (39 patients, 1 control). HIV-1 was isolated from peripheral blood monoclear cells of 39 (78%) of 50 patients but from none of 52 sweat samples. No HIV-1 viral DNA or RNA was detected in the 40 sweat samples tested. With present methodology, infectious HIV-1 cannot be demonstrated in "natural" eccrine sweat samples from HIV-infected patients. C1 NEW YORK MED COLL,WESTCHESTER CTY MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,VALHALLA,NY 10595. NEW YORK MED COLL,WESTCHESTER CTY MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,VALHALLA,NY 10595. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP WORMSER, GP (reprint author), NEW YORK MED COLL,WESTCHESTER CTY MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,209SE MACY PAVILION,VALHALLA,NY 10595, USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 165 IS 1 BP 155 EP 158 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA GW582 UT WOS:A1992GW58200023 PM 1345794 ER PT J AU ELLNER, JJ GOLDBERGER, MJ PARENTI, DM AF ELLNER, JJ GOLDBERGER, MJ PARENTI, DM TI ARE STRAINS OF MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM MORE DRUG-RESISTANT WHEN ISOLATED FROM HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS - REPLY SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INTRACELLULARE C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,2150 PENNSYLVANIA AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV HOSP,DIV INFECT DIS,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. US FDA,DIV ANTI VIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 165 IS 1 BP 179 EP 180 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA GW582 UT WOS:A1992GW58200030 ER PT J AU FLINN, PE KENYON, AS LAYLOFF, TP AF FLINN, PE KENYON, AS LAYLOFF, TP TI A SIMPLIFIED TLC SYSTEM FOR QUALITATIVE AND SEMIQUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICALS SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB There is a need at pharmacies, ports of entry, etc. for inexpensive rapid screening methods which could be used to determine if the right drug is present in the right amounts. These areas usually do not have ready access to full laboratory services for compendial testing. Such a method has been developed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) making it possible to analyze drugs in areas without laboratory services. Solutions of the drug sample are spotted along with reference materials and the intensities visually compared. Since most drugs are colorless in white light, it is necessary to treat the developed chromatogram with some visualizing agent. Several different categories of pharmaceuticals have been made visible in white light by dipping the plate into a solution of iodine-KI. The stained spots make it possible to determine the drug content qualitatively and quantitatively within the range of specifications. The iodine staining method has been found to be a general method. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANALY,1114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101. NR 6 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-3919 J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR JI J. Liq. Chromatogr. PY 1992 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1639 EP 1653 DI 10.1080/10826079208018315 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA HY097 UT WOS:A1992HY09700002 ER PT J AU BARKER, SA LONG, AR AF BARKER, SA LONG, AR TI TISSUE DRUG RESIDUE EXTRACTION AND MONITORING BY MATRIX SOLID-PHASE DISPERSION (MSPD)-HPLC ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION; PUNCTATUS MUSCLE-TISSUE; MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; BENZIMIDAZOLE ANTHELMINTICS; MILK; SULFONAMIDES; OXYTETRACYCLINE; FURAZOLIDONE AB The increasing implementation of immuno-, receptor and microbial inhibition screening tests for the monitoring of drug residues in foods of animal origin also requires that we be capable of confirming and validating the results of such tests in a timely manner. Methodology for the isolation and analysis of "detected" substances must be capable of performing rapid and efficient extractions that are amenable to instrumental determinations for the presence, level and, where possible, identity of the substance in question. We present here a summary of such methodolgy utilizing matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) as the . isolation method and several simple isocratic HPLC/UV diode array and florescence methods developed for extracts so obtained for several drug classes as well as individual drugs. The application of these methods for a variety of purposes in drug residue monitoring programs is discussed. C1 US FDA,DENVER FED CTR,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80225. RP BARKER, SA (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,SCH VET MED,RESIDUE STUDIES LAB,DEPT VET PHYSIOL PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803, USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 4 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-3919 J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR JI J. Liq. Chromatogr. PY 1992 VL 15 IS 12 BP 2071 EP 2089 DI 10.1080/10826079208016326 PG 19 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA JJ011 UT WOS:A1992JJ01100005 ER PT J AU SHARKNESS, CM HAMBURGER, S MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG AF SHARKNESS, CM HAMBURGER, S MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG TI PREVALENCE OF ARTIFICIAL HIPS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE IMPLANTATION; HIP ARTHROPLASTY; PREVALENCE ID REPLACEMENT AB This report summarizes information about adults with artificial hips as derived from a national survey, the 1988 National Health Interview Survey Medical Device Implant Supplement. Based on extrapolation to the United States population from the survey sample, it is estimated that 674,000 adults are currently using 811,000 artificial hips. The prevalence rate is 3.8 persons per thousand (95% confidence interval, 3.2, 4.4). 91.5% of the implants are primary implants and 8.5% are revisions, with the predominant reason for revision being loosening. Arthritis and injury are the most common reasons for hip implantation. Almost 60% of the implants have been in use for 5 years or less. This prevalence information about adults with artificial hips is unique in that it represents the first such estimates based on a probability sample of the United States population. RP SHARKNESS, CM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,HFZ-161,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1992 VL 2 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA JA343 UT WOS:A1992JA34300001 PM 10149918 ER PT J AU HILBERT, SL FERRANS, VJ AF HILBERT, SL FERRANS, VJ TI PORCINE AORTIC-VALVE BIOPROSTHESES - MORPHOLOGIC AND FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE PORCINE AORTIC VALVE BIOPROSTHESES; MORPHOLOGY; FUNCTION; PREIMPLANTATION PROCESSING ID STRESS-STRAIN; HEART-VALVES; GLUTARALDEHYDE; CALCIFICATION; TISSUE; PRESSURE; PROTEINS; COLLAGEN; FATIGUE; FAILURE AB Porcine aortic valve (PAV) xenografts are the most frequently used type of bioprosthetic (BP) valve for the replacement of damaged or diseased heart valves. Xenograft tissues are routinely crosslinked during manufacturing using low concentrations (i.e., less than 1%) of glutaraldehyde. Crosslinking of xenograft tissue reduces the antigenicity, the rate of in vivo enzymatic degradation, and results in the loss of cell viability. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the morphologic and functional properties of the native aortic valve and the effects of tissue harvesting, fixation, anticalcification treatments, and mounting on PAV structure and function. Although efforts have been undertaken to design bioprostheses having increased durability, primary tissue failure still limits the long-term performance of xenograft replacement heart valves. C1 NHLBI,PATHOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20894. RP HILBERT, SL (reprint author), USDA,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1992 VL 2 IS 2-3 BP 99 EP 112 PG 14 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA JW097 UT WOS:A1992JW09700002 PM 10148319 ER PT J AU BUDD, R AF BUDD, R TI BURNS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF MICROWAVE-OVENS SO JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE POWER AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY LA English DT Article DE MICROWAVE BURNS; FOOD BURNS; MICROWAVE OVENS AB This article reviews published reports of conventional and radiation burns associated with the use of microwave ovens. Conventional food burns can result from the ingestion of microwave heated food because consumers may overlook the differential temperature gradients within foods and between the food and the container. There are reports of accidental radiation injury associated with the use of microwave ovens, but they are difficult to evaluate because these reports lack definitive clinical data and verification of the actual radiation exposures. Only one study has provided useful insight into the clinical features of microwave radiation burns compared to conventional burns. RP BUDD, R (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV LIFE SCI,RADIAT BIOL BRANCH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT MICROWAVE POWER INST PI MANASSAS PA 10210 LEATHERLEAF COURT, MANASSAS, VA 22111 SN 0832-7823 J9 J MICROWAVE POWER EE JI J. Microw. Power Electromagn. Energy PY 1992 VL 27 IS 3 BP 160 EP 163 PG 4 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA JV731 UT WOS:A1992JV73100005 PM 1432494 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP ELKINS, J SKELLY, JP AF SHAH, VP ELKINS, J SKELLY, JP TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INVIVO SKIN BLANCHING AND INVITRO RELEASE RATE FOR BETAMETHASONE VALERATE CREAMS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HYDROCORTISONE CREAMS; VASOCONSTRICTION; ASSAY AB Betamethasone valerate creams from two firms were evaluated using the skin blanching procedure. In both studies, the same cream formulation exhibited significantly higher blanching compared to the other product. An in vitro release rate was determined for these betamethasone valerate cream products using a diffusion cell system, with a cellulose acetate membrane and a 60% ethanol:water receptor medium. The release rate (flux) of betamethasone valerate was higher for the higher blanching formulation and was statistically different from the other product. The integrity of the cellulose acetate membrane in 60% ethanol:water mixture was ascertained using hydrocortisone cream product. The in vitro drug release method, using a diffusion cell system and a synthetic membrane, can serve as a good quality control test method for topical creams. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 81 IS 1 BP 104 EP 106 DI 10.1002/jps.2600810121 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA GY159 UT WOS:A1992GY15900020 PM 1619561 ER PT J AU PAULE, MG ALLEN, RR BAILEY, JR SCALLET, AC ALI, SF BROWN, RM SLIKKER, W AF PAULE, MG ALLEN, RR BAILEY, JR SCALLET, AC ALI, SF BROWN, RM SLIKKER, W TI CHRONIC MARIJUANA SMOKE EXPOSURE IN THE RHESUS-MONKEY .2. EFFECTS ON PROGRESSIVE RATIO AND CONDITIONED POSITION RESPONDING SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID PROLONGED CANNABIS TREATMENT; MARIHUANA USE; AMOTIVATIONAL SYNDROME; OPERANT ACQUISITION; COSTA-RICA; DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; COCAINE; MEMORY AB Sixty-two male rhesus monkeys were trained to respond in an operant test battery that included tasks thought to allow measurement of aspects of motivation and color and position discrimination. Subjects were assigned to eight treatment groups (n = 7-8) based upon behavioral performance. There were two behavioral groups: ACTIVE = behavior assessed throughout the 365 days of active exposure and beyond, and RESIDUAL = behavior assessed beginning 2 months after the last exposure. Each behavioral group had four dose groups: HI = smoke from one marijuana (MJ) cigarette/day 7 days/week; LO = MJ smoke only on weekends; EX = smoke from one extracted MJ (placebo) cigarette/day 7 days/week; SH = sham exposure 7 days/week. For the motivation task, both HI and LO ACTIVE groups earned significantly fewer reinforcers than did both ACTIVE control groups during the last several months of exposure. These effects disappeared within 2 to 3 months of cessation of treatment, and no similar effect was present when RESIDUAL groups were tested. Performance of the color and position discrimination task was adversely affected in one of eight HI ACTIVE subjects throughout most of the chronic exposure, and there was a trend toward residual deficits in performance of this task in the HI RESIDUAL group compared to both SH and EX RESIDUAL controls. These data could be interpreted to mean that during periods of chronic use, MJ produces an amotivational-like syndrome in rhesus monkeys and that this syndrome disappears only several weeks to months after the last exposure. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,COMP BASED SYST INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NIDA,DIV PRECLIN RES,NEUROSCI RES BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP PAULE, MG (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,PRIMATE RES FACIL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [IAG 224-83-005] NR 67 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 260 IS 1 BP 210 EP 222 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GZ451 UT WOS:A1992GZ45100029 PM 1731038 ER PT J AU RIPPERE, JL AF RIPPERE, JL TI FDA REGULATION OF OTC ORAL HEALTH-CARE DRUG PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE FDA; ORAL HEALTH PRODUCTS; DENTAL; MONOGRAPHS; PANELS; ANTIPLAQUE AB The history of the involvement of the Food and Drug Administration in the regulation of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs is reviewed. The development of monographs containing standards for drugs, the function of the advisory panels, and the classification of dental drug products are explained. Examples of ingredients in each category are given. The current opinion of the FDA concerning antiplaque and antigingivitis claims is also discussed. RP RIPPERE, JL (reprint author), US FDA,HFD-813,7520 STANDISH PL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AAPHD NATIONAL OFFICE PI RICHMOND PA J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT 10619 JOUSTING LANE, RICHMOND, VA 23235 SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PY 1992 VL 52 IS 6 SI SI BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1992.tb02297.x PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA JX394 UT WOS:A1992JX39400002 PM 1432917 ER PT J AU WALTERS, PG AF WALTERS, PG TI FDAS NEW DRUG-EVALUATION PROCESS - A GENERAL OVERVIEW SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION; ANTICARIES; PLAQUE; GINGIVITIS; NEW DRUG AB A general overview of the FDA new-drug evaluation process is presented with special emphasis on the regulatory requirements as outlined in the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the interpretive New Drug Regulations. Included is a description of the administrative/scientific makeup and functions of the new-drug evaluation divisions within the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Some specifics relating to the investigative development of anticaries and plaque/gingivitis new drug products are discussed. RP WALTERS, PG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV MED IMAGING SURG & DENT DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AAPHD NATIONAL OFFICE PI RICHMOND PA J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT 10619 JOUSTING LANE, RICHMOND, VA 23235 SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PY 1992 VL 52 IS 6 SI SI BP 333 EP 337 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1992.tb02298.x PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA JX394 UT WOS:A1992JX39400003 PM 1432918 ER PT J AU TYLENDA, CA AF TYLENDA, CA TI FDA REGULATION OF DENTAL DEVICES - PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION; DENTAL DEVICES; PREMARKET NOTIFICATION; PREMARKET APPROVAL; INVESTIGATIONAL DEVICE EXEMPTION AB The organization of the Food and Drug Administration as related to dental devices is described. The classification according to safety and efficacy of devices is described and examples are given. The process of submitting a Premarket Notification [(510(k)] for class I and II devices, a Premarket Approval(PMA) for class III devices and an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) are described. The clinician is told how to report problems with medical devices. RP TYLENDA, CA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DENT DEVICES BRANCH,1390 PICCARD DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AAPHD NATIONAL OFFICE PI RICHMOND PA J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT 10619 JOUSTING LANE, RICHMOND, VA 23235 SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PY 1992 VL 52 IS 6 SI SI BP 364 EP 368 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1992.tb02305.x PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA JX394 UT WOS:A1992JX39400010 PM 1432925 ER PT J AU INN, KGW COURSEY, BM EISENHOWER, EH WALKER, MD HEATON, HT DUVALL, KC AF INN, KGW COURSEY, BM EISENHOWER, EH WALKER, MD HEATON, HT DUVALL, KC TI NATIONAL IONIZING-RADIATION SECONDARY LABORATORY SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONF ON LOW-LEVEL MEASUREMENTS OF ACTINIDES AND LONG-LIVED RADIONUCLIDES IN BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES CY JAN 29-FEB 02, 1990 CL BOMBAY, INDIA SP NATL SCI FDN, COUNCIL SCI & IND RES INDIA, BOMBAY UNIV, US DOE, MAHARASHTRA GOVT, DEPT ATOM ENERGY INDIA, NUCL POWER COMMISS INDIA, INDIAN ASSOC NUCL CHEMISTS & ALLIED SCI, DEPT SCI & TECHNOL INDIA, UNIV GRANTS COMMISS INDIA AB Over the past ten years, the National Institute of Standards and Technology has, through its Office of Radiation Measurement, developed a national program for Secondary Laboratories. These Secondary Laboratories provide the necessary calibrations and quality assurance testing to support and affirm the caliber of the measurements in the areas they serve. The areas that are in the program include State Radiation Protection, Personnel Dosimetry, Survey Instrument Calibration, High-Level Dosimetry, Radiation Therapy, Bioassay, Survey Instrument Testing, Ionizing Radiation, Environmental Radioactivity, Radioactivity Standards, and Radon. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US DOE,OFF ENVIRONM GUIDANCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP INN, KGW (reprint author), NBS,CTR RADIAT RES,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 156 IS 2 BP 313 EP 322 DI 10.1007/BF02038347 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA HD796 UT WOS:A1992HD79600007 ER PT J AU WEISSINGER, J AF WEISSINGER, J TI UTILITY OF KINETIC, DYNAMIC, AND METABOLIC DATA IN NONCLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY TOXICOLOGY STUDIES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Kinetic, dynamic, and metabolic data can be used to predict the appropriate studies, doses, duration, route of administration, species, and dosage interval in toxicology studies coordinated with drug development. These data are used to predict starting and maximal doses in human studies, and when evaluated in conjunction with the data obtained in human pharmacokinetic studies, serve as an index for animal to human comparisons and extrapolations. The optimal use of kinetic and dynamic information in standard pharmacologic and toxicologic studies will be presented. Reference will be made to problems encountered in the absence of these data and protocol development advantages where these data are incorporated. Developmental of pharmaceuticals, without incorporating kinetic and dynamic information, is currently associated with more costly, more time consuming, less utilizable knowledge and subsequent studies are often needed to explain anomalous results. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF DRUG EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PY 1992 VL 11 IS 3 BP 303 EP 308 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JZ576 UT WOS:A1992JZ57600007 ER PT J AU LEWIS, CJ YETLEY, EA AF LEWIS, CJ YETLEY, EA TI FOCUS GROUP SESSIONS ON FORMATS OF NUTRITION LABELS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Four consumer focus group sessions, with a total of 40 participants, were conducted to gather information on the utility and appropriateness of selected components of nutrition label formats. The formats reviewed were bar graphs, pie charts, numeric listings, and adjectival descriptors such as high and low. Participants were asked to compare food labels using various format types and to discuss the utility and interpretability of the formats. The outcomes suggested that these consumers did not find pie charts useful. They considered bar graphs confusing or unnecessary when numeric values were provided. Participants expressed concern that adjectival descriptors could be misleading. The numeric listing format they considered the most useful consisted of two columns of numbers: one listing the amounts of food components present in a serving of the food, and a second listing either the percentage of the label reference value (eg, the US Recommended Daily Allowance) or the quantity established as the label reference value. Participants repeatedly stressed their interest in a simple label. The results form one component of the Food and Drug Administration's efforts to evaluate nutrition label formats and will be used in conjunction with ongoing experimental and quantitative research studies. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,CLIN NUTR BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LEWIS, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,EXPTL CLIN RES SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 92 IS 1 BP 62 EP 66 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA GZ196 UT WOS:A1992GZ19600007 PM 1728625 ER PT J AU SOERGEL, D PENNINGTON, JAT MCCANN, A HOLDEN, JM SMITH, EC WILEY, RC AF SOERGEL, D PENNINGTON, JAT MCCANN, A HOLDEN, JM SMITH, EC WILEY, RC TI A NETWORK MODEL FOR IMPROVING ACCESS TO FOOD AND NUTRITION DATA SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TOTAL DIET AB In this article we propose a network in which existing food composition and consumption databases are linked through a master database of complete and detailed food descriptions. The proposal arises from an analysis of the importance of food data, their descriptive and analytical nature, and their uses. Lack of detail and standardization in food description hinders the retrieval of food and nutrition data from various databases and the integration of such data. Standardized food descriptions can be developed and maintained in the master database, which can then serve as the interface to the many existing databases of analytical data (especially food composition data) and to databases containing data on food production, consumption, and effects, thereby linking these databases in a coordinated system, or network. The ability to link food-related databases by standardized food descriptions offers a powerful tool for scientists and practitioners in the field of food and nutrition. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,FOOD SCI PROGRAM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV INFORMAT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP SOERGEL, D (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,COLL LIB & INFORMAT SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 92 IS 1 BP 78 EP 82 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA GZ196 UT WOS:A1992GZ19600011 PM 1728629 ER PT J AU HEISER, JM DAYA, MR MAGNUSSEN, AR NORTON, RL SPYKER, DA ALLEN, DW KRASSELT, W AF HEISER, JM DAYA, MR MAGNUSSEN, AR NORTON, RL SPYKER, DA ALLEN, DW KRASSELT, W TI MASSIVE STRYCHNINE INTOXICATION - SERIAL BLOOD-LEVELS IN A FATAL CASE SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY-CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE STRYCHNINE; POISONING, HUMAN; PHARMACOKINETICS; REVIEW AB A fatal case of strychnine intoxication is reported. The patient expired despite early aggressive management and prevention of metabolic complications. Serial blood levels are reported. In contrast to a previous report describing first order elimination kinetics, our data suggest that strychnine follows Michaelis-Menton elimination kinetics. The case illustrates the rapid, dramatic course of severe strychnine ingestions. A review of the toxicokinetics, mechanism of action and treatment of strychnine intoxication follows. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. LA GRANDE CLIN,LA GRANDE,OR. NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0731-3810 J9 J TOXICOL-CLIN TOXIC JI J. Toxicol.-Clin. Toxicol. PY 1992 VL 30 IS 2 BP 269 EP 283 PG 15 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA HW829 UT WOS:A1992HW82900012 PM 1588676 ER PT J AU DIMITROV, DS HILLMAN, K MANISCHEWITZ, J BLUMENTHAL, R GOLDING, H AF DIMITROV, DS HILLMAN, K MANISCHEWITZ, J BLUMENTHAL, R GOLDING, H TI KINETICS OF SOLUBLE CD4 BINDING TO CELLS EXPRESSING HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HTLV-III/LAV ENVELOPE; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; SYNCYTIUM FORMATION; T4 MOLECULE; HIV; INFECTION; RECEPTOR; INVITRO; PROTEIN; FUSION AB The high-affinity interaction between the envelope glycoprotein (gp120-gp41) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and its receptor, CD4, is important for viral entry into cells and therapeutical approaches based on the soluble form of CD4 (sCD4). Using flow cytometry, we studied the kinetics of binding of sCD4 to gp120-gp41 expressed on the cell surface. sCD4 binding was dependent on sCD4 concentration and temperature and exhibited bimolecular reaction kinetics. Binding was very slow at low sCD4 concentrations (below 0.2-mu-g/ml) and low temperatures (below 13-degrees-C) but increased sharply with increasing temperature. The rate constant for association at 37-degrees-C (1.5 x 10(5) M-1 s-1) was 14-fold higher than at 4-degrees-C, but the affinity of sCD4 to membrane-bound gp120-gp41 was not significantly affected. The activation energy at higher temperatures (28 to 37-degrees-C) was less than at lower temperatures (4 to 13-degrees-C). After long periods of incubation, we observed a decrease of surface-bound sCD4 and gp120, even at low temperatures, which was attributed to sCD4-induced shedding of gp120. The rate of gp120 shedding was much lower than the rate of sCD4 binding and was dependent on sCD4 concentration and temperature. The finding that sCD4 binding is slow, especially at low sCD4 concentrations, can be of critical importance for efficient blocking of viral infection by sCD4 and should be considered when designing new protocols in the therapy of AIDS patients. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 32 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 66 IS 1 BP 132 EP 138 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA GU971 UT WOS:A1992GU97100017 PM 1727475 ER PT J AU ROYSTON, DD WAYNANT, RW ELLIOTT, AM OSHRY, S AF ROYSTON, DD WAYNANT, RW ELLIOTT, AM OSHRY, S TI EFFECT OF COOLANT FLOW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ROUND SAPPHIRE TIPS IN A SALINE FIELD SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE FIBER; ND-YAG; PHOTOTHERMAL; LASER ANGIOPLASTY ID ND-YAG LASER; CONTACT; NEODYMIUM; SURGERY; PROBE AB Round sapphire and silica tips have been studied as surgical probes for focusing Nd:YAG laser radiation during various surgical indications. Since most of these data have been obtained with silica tips from Surgical Laser Technology, there are limited data on the physical performance of round sapphire tips. An investigation of round sapphire tip performance during tissue ablation was undertaken. Nd:YAG laser power was delivered in repetitive 2-sec exposures to a round sapphire tip placed on fresh skinned chicken breast. Total exposures of 1,000 J were performed at different saline perfusion rates. The tip's performance in terms of tissue perforation rate, blanched tissue area, tissue heating rate, and forward transmission was measured. Best tip performance occurred at the lowest cooling rates and was independent of the tip's forward transmission value. No physical deterioration of the tip's optical surface was observed. Round sapphire tip performance in a saline field is primarily determined by the tip's temperature. C1 HOWARD UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20005. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,BALTIMORE,MD. RP ROYSTON, DD (reprint author), US FDA,5600 FISHERS LANE HFZ-134,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1992 VL 12 IS 2 BP 215 EP 221 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900120217 PG 7 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA HN953 UT WOS:A1992HN95300016 PM 1315411 ER PT J AU ORAEVSKY, AA JACQUES, SL PETTIT, GH SAIDI, IS TITTEL, FK HENRY, PD AF ORAEVSKY, AA JACQUES, SL PETTIT, GH SAIDI, IS TITTEL, FK HENRY, PD TI XECL LASER ABLATION OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC AORTA - OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AND ENERGY PATHWAYS SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE TISSUE ABLATION; XECL EXCIMER LASER; TISSUE OPTICAL PROPERTIES; HUMAN AORTA ID UV PHOTOLYSIS; TISSUE; IRRADIATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; FLUORESCENCE AB The energetics of 308-nm excimer laser irradiation of human aorta were studied. The heat generation that occurred during laser irradiation of atherosclerotic aorta equaled the absorbed laser energy minus the fraction of energy for escaping fluorescence (0.8-1.6%) and photochemical decomposition (2%). The absorbed laser energy is equal to the total delivered light energy minus the energy lost as specular reflectance (2.4%, air/tissue) and diffuse reflectance (11.5-15.5%). Overall, about 79-83.5% of the delivered light energy was converted to heat. We conclude that the mechanism of XeCl laser ablation of soft tissue involves thermal overheating of the irradiated volume with subsequent explosive vaporization. The optical properties of normal wall of human aorta and fibrous plaque, both native and denatured were determined. The light scattering was significant and sufficient to cause a subsurface fluence (J/cm2) in native aorta that equaled 1.8 times the broad-beam radiant exposure, PHI(o) (2.7PHI(o) for denatured aorta). An optical fiber must have a diameter of at least 800 mum to achieve a maximum light penetration (almost-equal-to 200 mum for PHI(o)/e) in the aorta along the central axis of the beam. C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251. BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV CARDIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. USSR ACAD SCI,INST SPECT,MOSCOW,USSR. RP ORAEVSKY, AA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,LASER BIOL RES LAB,1515 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL4O884, R29-HL45045, R01-HL36894] NR 33 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1992 VL 12 IS 6 BP 585 EP 597 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900120604 PG 13 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA KA047 UT WOS:A1992KA04700003 PM 1453859 ER PT J AU SCHULZE, GE GILLAM, MP PAULE, MG AF SCHULZE, GE GILLAM, MP PAULE, MG TI EFFECTS OF ATROPINE ON OPERANT TEST BATTERY PERFORMANCE IN RHESUS-MONKEYS SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID REPEATED ACQUISITION; SCOPOLAMINE; MEMORY; PHYSOSTIGMINE; AMPHETAMINE; TOLERANCE; DIAZEPAM; LESIONS; TASK; RATS AB The acute behavioral effects of atropine sulfate were assessed using a battery of complex food-reinforced operant tasks that included: temporal response differentiation (TRD, n=7); delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS, n=6), progressive ratio (PR, n=8), incremental repeated acquisition (IRA, n=8), and conditioned position responding (CPR, n=8). Performance in these tasks is thought to depend primarily upon specific brain functions such as time perception, short-term memory and attention, motivation, learning, and color and position discrimination, respectively. Atropine sulfate (0.01 - 0.56 mg/kg iv), given 15-min pretesting, produced significant dose-dependent decreases in the number of reinforcers obtained in all tasks. Response rates decreased significantly at greater-than-or-equal-to 0.03 mg/kg for the learning and discrimination tasks, at greater-than-or-equal-to 0.10 mg/kg for the motivation and short-term memory and attention tasks, and at greater-than-or-equal-to 0.30 mg/kg for the time perception task. Response accuracies were significantly decreased at doses greater-than-or-equal-to 0.10 mg/kg for the learning, discrimination, and short-term memory and attention tasks, and at greater-than-or-equal-to 0.30 mg/kg for the time perception task. Thus, the order of task sensitivity to any disruption by atropine is learning = color and position discrimination > time perception = short-term memory and attention = motivation (IRA = CPR > TRD = DMTS = PR). Thus in monkeys, the rates of responding in operant tasks designed to model learning and color and position discrimination were the most sensitive measures to atropine's behavioral effects. Accuracy in these same task was also disrupted but at higher doses. These data support the hypothesis that cholinergic systems play a greater role in the speed (but not accuracy) of performance of our learning and discrimination tasks compared to all other tasks. Accuracy of responding in these and the short-term memory task, all of which involve the use of lights as visual stimuli, was more sensitive to disruption by atropine than those tasks which did not utilize such strong visual stimuli. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SCHULZE, GE (reprint author), BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,DEPT TOXICOL,2400 W LLOYD EXPRESSWAY,EVANSVILLE,IN 47721, USA. NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PY 1992 VL 51 IS 7 BP 487 EP 497 DI 10.1016/0024-3205(92)90025-K PG 11 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JD576 UT WOS:A1992JD57600004 PM 1640797 ER PT J AU NAGAI, M ENDOH, M BURNS, DL NAKASE, Y AF NAGAI, M ENDOH, M BURNS, DL NAKASE, Y TI HEAT-LABILE TOXIN FROM BORDETELLA-PARAPERTUSSIS INDUCES CONTRACTION OF SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS IN CULTURE SO MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRONCHISEPTICA DERMONECROTIC TOXIN; GUINEA-PIGS; PURIFICATION; ASSAY; AVIUM AB The ability of Bordetella heat-labile toxin (HLT) to contract various types of cells in culture was examined. HLT from B. parapertussis induced contraction of cultured smooth muscle cells from trachea, intestine, uterus and vas deferens as well as from aorta. The time required for contraction decreased as the dose of B. parapertussis HLT increased from 3 to 100 MID/ml. Upon exposure of cells to concentrations of toxin greater than 100 MID/ml, at least 2 hr was required for contraction. HLT from B. parapertussis did not affect cultured cardiac or skeletal muscle cells within 8 hr after the exposure to HLT (100 MID/ml). No effect on other types of primary culture cells or established cells such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells has been described. These data indicate that the primary target cells for HLT might be smooth muscle cells. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP NAGAI, M (reprint author), KITASATO UNIV,SCH PHARMACEUT SCI,DEPT MICROBIOL,MINATO KU,TOKYO 108,JAPAN. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER ACADEMIC PUBL JAPAN PI TOKYO PA 4-16 YAYOI 2-CHOME, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN SN 0385-5600 J9 MICROBIOL IMMUNOL JI Microbiol. Immunol. PY 1992 VL 36 IS 6 BP 633 EP 636 PG 4 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA JF724 UT WOS:A1992JF72400009 PM 1522812 ER PT J AU SAWYER, LA CARROW, E SNOY, PJ HEWLETT, IK QUINNAN, GV ANAND, R AF SAWYER, LA CARROW, E SNOY, PJ HEWLETT, IK QUINNAN, GV ANAND, R TI VARIABLE INFECTIONS WITH AND SEROLOGIC RESPONSES OF RABBITS TO 5 DIFFERENT HIV-1 STRAINS, INCLUDING ONE NEURAL TISSUE ISOLATE SO MICROBIOS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS; ANIMAL-MODEL; CHIMPANZEES; AIDS; ANTIBODIES; ENVELOPE; PATIENT; TYPE-1 AB The infectivity of different strains of HIV-1 in rabbits was investigated. The HIV-1RF and HIV-1MN inocula induced anti-envelope antibodies detectable by Western blot, and in the case of HIV-1RF, these antibodies were also detectable by ELISA. The peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and lymph nodes from rabbits inoculated with HIV-1IIIB, HIV-1MN and HIV-1Z3, were positive for virus by culture and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HIV-1BRVA, originally isolated from a patient with AIDS dementia, infected the brain of the inoculated rabbit, as indicated by both virus culture and PCR. In this case PCR was positive using four different primer pairs. Throughout the study, rabbits showed no clinical signs of HIV-1 infection and no remarkable histopathology was observed in the tissues examined. The apparent differences in infectivity and tissue tropism of the five HIV-1 strains demonstrated here provide additional evidence that the rabbit may serve as a useful model for studying HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV PROD QUAL CONTROL & TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SAWYER, LA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU FACULTY PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 88 REGENT ST, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB2 1DP SN 0026-2633 J9 MICROBIOS JI Microbios PY 1992 VL 71 IS 288-89 BP 243 EP 255 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JZ610 UT WOS:A1992JZ61000008 PM 1479924 ER PT J AU CLAXTON, LD CREASON, J LEROUX, B AGURELL, E BAGLEY, S BRYANT, DW COURTOIS, YA DOUGLAS, G CLARE, CB GOTO, S QUILLARDET, P JAGANNATH, DR KATAOKA, K MOHN, G NIELSEN, PA ONG, T PEDERSON, TC SHIMIZU, H NYLUND, L TOKIWA, H VINK, GJ WANG, Y WARSHAWSKY, D AF CLAXTON, LD CREASON, J LEROUX, B AGURELL, E BAGLEY, S BRYANT, DW COURTOIS, YA DOUGLAS, G CLARE, CB GOTO, S QUILLARDET, P JAGANNATH, DR KATAOKA, K MOHN, G NIELSEN, PA ONG, T PEDERSON, TC SHIMIZU, H NYLUND, L TOKIWA, H VINK, GJ WANG, Y WARSHAWSKY, D TI RESULTS OF THE IPCS COLLABORATIVE STUDY ON COMPLEX-MIXTURES SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE COMPLEX MIXTURES; IPCS COLLABORATIVE STUDY; RESULTS; BENZO[ALPHA]PYRENE; 1-NITROPYRENE ID MUTAGENICITY AB The International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) sponsored a collaborative study to examine the intra- and inter-laboratory variation associated with the preparation and bioassay of complex chemical mixtures. The mixtures selected were National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). 20 laboratories worldwide participated in the collaborative trial. The participating laboratories extracted the organic portion of two particulate samples - an air-particulate sample and a diesel-particulate sample - and bioassayed the extracts. The laboratories simultaneously bioassayed a NIST-prepared extract of coal tar and two control compounds (benzo[a]pyrene, and 1-nitropyrene). The bioassay method used was the Salmonella/mammalian microsome plate-incorporation test using strains TA98 and TA100. Study design also allowed for a comparison of sonication and Soxhlet extraction techniques. The mean extractable masses for the air particles and diesel particles were approximately 5% and 17.5%, respectively. The particulate samples were mutagenic in both strains with and without activation in all 20 laboratories. For TA100 the with and without activation slope values for the air particulate were 162 and 137 revertants per mg particles, respectively. For TA98 the respective diesel slope values were 268 and 269. The mutagenicity slope values for the diesel particles ranged from 3090 (TA98, + S9) to 6697 (TA100, + S9) revertants per mg particles. The coal tar solution was negative for both strains when exogenous activation was not used but was mutagenic in both strains with exogenous activation. The benzo[a]pyrene and 1-nitropyrene were used as positive controls and gave results consistent with the literature. This paper provides a complete summary of the data collected during the collaborative study. Companion papers provide further analysis and interpretation of the results. C1 LAB HYG PARIS,PARIS,FRANCE. HAZELTON MICROTEST,YORK,ENGLAND. NATL INST PUBL HLTH,TOKYO,JAPAN. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. NATL INST PUBL HLTH & ENVIRONM PROTECT,BILTHOVEN,NETHERLANDS. DANISH NATL FOOD AGCY,SOBORG,DENMARK. FUKUOKA ENVIRONM RES CTR,FUKUOKA,JAPAN. CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,BERKELEY,CA. HLTH & WELF CANADA,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11346 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. MCMASTER UNIV,HAMILTON L8S 4L8,ONTARIO,CANADA. INST PASTEUR,F-75724 PARIS 15,FRANCE. UNIV TOKUSHIMA,TOKUSHIMA 770,JAPAN. NIOSH,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505. GM CORP,RES LABS,WARREN,MI 48090. JIKEI UNIV,SCH MED,TOKYO 105,JAPAN. INST OCCUPAT HLTH,SF-00290 HELSINKI 29,FINLAND. TNO,DIV TECHNOL SOC,DELFT,NETHERLANDS. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. RP CLAXTON, LD (reprint author), US EPA,MD 68A,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711, USA. RI Quillardet, Philippe/D-6747-2010; Leroux, Brian/H-2254-2015; OI Claxton, Larry/0000-0001-7455-1583 NR 9 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN-MAR PY 1992 VL 276 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1016/0165-1110(92)90053-C PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GW949 UT WOS:A1992GW94900004 PM 1370106 ER PT J AU SCALZO, FM HOLSON, RR AF SCALZO, FM HOLSON, RR TI THE ONTOGENY OF BEHAVIORAL SENSITIZATION TO PHENCYCLIDINE SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BEHAVIORAL SENSITIZATION; PHENCYCLIDINE; PCP; DEVELOPMENT; STRESS ID BINDING-SITES; RAT-BRAIN; TOLERANCE; SIGMA; PCP; METHAMPHETAMINE; HALOPERIDOL; ANTAGONISTS; AMPHETAMINE; RECEPTORS AB Repeated exposure of adult rats to a variety of psychoactive compounds can result in altered behavioral responsiveness to later exposures depending on the dose, route, and frequency of administration and time of testing. The ontogeny and mechanism of this altered responsiveness are not well understood. To determine when behavioral sensitization to phencyclidine (PCP) occurs, neonatal and early developmental exposure effects of PCP were assessed on later behavioral responsiveness to a PCP challenge. Rat pups were injected daily for nine days beginning on either postnatal days (PNDs) 1 or 22 with 0.9% saline, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg PCP-HCl (s.c.). Ten days following the last injection, rats were given one of the following drug challenges: 0.9% saline, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg PCP-HCl (s.c.). Locomotor activity, ataxia, and several other behaviors were measured for 1 h beginning 2-3 min after the challenge injection. Two major findings emerged from these studies. First, pups treated subchronically with PCP on PNDs 1-9 did not exhibit any difference in behavioral sensitivity to a PCP challenge when tested on PND 19 compared to subchronically treated saline controls. In contrast, pups subchronically treated with PCP on PNDs 22-30 exhibited an increased sensitivity to the behavioral effects of a PCP challenge. These data suggest that PCP has age-dependent exposure effects that occur sometime after the first postnatal week and that result in an enhanced behavioral responsiveness to PCP later in life. C1 ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SCALZO, FM (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,MS-512B,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-06319] NR 27 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1992 VL 14 IS 1 BP 7 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90023-4 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA HN991 UT WOS:A1992HN99100002 PM 1593982 ER PT B AU MORSE, DE EVONIUK, G BLACK, PL USSERY, MA AF MORSE, DE EVONIUK, G BLACK, PL USSERY, MA BE LANGSTON, JW YOUNG, A TI NEUROPATHOLOGIES ASSOCIATED WITH DIDEOXYCYTOSINE - A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT SO NEUROTOXINS AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON NEUROTOXINS AND THEIR POTENTIAL ROLES IN NEURODEGENERATION CY MAY 06-08, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NINDS, ICI, PHARM GRP, CIBA GEIGY, GLAXO RES LABS, DUPONT CO, FISONS PHARM, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE, JOHNSON & JOHNSON, LILLY RES LABS RP MORSE, DE (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [IU01AI25617-01] NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-696-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 648 BP 312 EP 316 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb24566.x PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Pathology; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology; Toxicology GA BW41P UT WOS:A1992BW41P00051 PM 1322083 ER PT B AU SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W ALI, SF BOWYER, JF HOLSON, RR LIPE, GW LIPSCOMB, JC ROUNTREE, RL STEWART, CW MATTHEWS, JC AF SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W ALI, SF BOWYER, JF HOLSON, RR LIPE, GW LIPSCOMB, JC ROUNTREE, RL STEWART, CW MATTHEWS, JC BE LANGSTON, JW YOUNG, A TI AGE AND DIETARY FACTORS IN HIPPOCAMPAL SENSITIVITY TO TRIMETHYLTIN SO NEUROTOXINS AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON NEUROTOXINS AND THEIR POTENTIAL ROLES IN NEURODEGENERATION CY MAY 06-08, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, NINDS, ICI, PHARM GRP, CIBA GEIGY, GLAXO RES LABS, DUPONT CO, FISONS PHARM, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE, JOHNSON & JOHNSON, LILLY RES LABS RP SCALLET, AC (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-89766-696-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1992 VL 648 BP 340 EP 342 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb24575.x PG 3 WC Neurosciences; Pathology; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology; Toxicology GA BW41P UT WOS:A1992BW41P00060 PM 1637066 ER PT J AU FREIMAN, JP GRAHAM, DJ REED, TG MCGOODWIN, EB AF FREIMAN, JP GRAHAM, DJ REED, TG MCGOODWIN, EB TI CHEMICAL PERITONITIS FOLLOWING THE INTRAPERITONEAL ADMINISTRATION OF VANCOMYCIN SO PERITONEAL DIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The Food and Drug Administration has received 51 reports of cases in the United States in which chemical peritonitis was associated with the intraperitoneal administration of sterile vancomycin hydrochloride, USP intravenous. The clinical presentation of the cases ranged from mild (cloudy dialysate alone) to more severe (severe abdominal pain and fever). The temporal circumstances suggest that intraperitoneal vancomycin may be associated with chemical peritonitis. A positive rechallenge was reported in 9 cases. The underlying mechanism responsible for this adverse reaction has not yet been identified. C1 US FDA,DIV ANTIINFECT DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP FREIMAN, JP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 3 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU MULTIMED INC PI TORONTO PA 1120 FINCH AVE WEST SUITE 601, TORONTO ON M3J 3H7, CANADA SN 0896-8608 J9 PERITON DIALYSIS INT JI Perit. Dial. Int. PY 1992 VL 12 IS 1 BP 57 EP 60 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA HD259 UT WOS:A1992HD25900013 PM 1543783 ER PT J AU PERSHING, LK SILVER, BS KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP SKELLEY, JP AF PERSHING, LK SILVER, BS KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP SKELLEY, JP TI FEASIBILITY OF MEASURING THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF TOPICAL BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE IN COMMERCIAL FORMULATIONS USING DRUG CONTENT IN SKIN AND A SKIN BLANCHING BIOASSAY SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE BIOAVAILABILITY; SKIN BLANCHING; VASOCONSTRICTION; TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS; BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE; TAPE-STRIPPING ID COMPARATIVE BIO-AVAILABILITY; CORTICOSTEROID PREPARATIONS; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; VASOCONSTRICTOR ASSAYS; PSORIASIS; CREAMS AB An in vivo technique has been developed which simultaneously compares a skin blanching bioassay with drug content in human stratum corneum following topical application of four 0.05% beta-methasone dipropionate formulations. Bioavailability of drug from commercial cream and ointment formulations was assessed by quantification of drug content in tape-stripped stratum corneum and skin blanching in the treated skin site under occluded conditions. Tape-stripping removed stratum corneum to a varying degree between individuals but was consistent (35%) within an individual with all formulations, day to day. A correlation (r = 0.9935) between the amount of drug in the treated stratum corneum normalized for surface area and the corresponding skin blanching score was observed with four 0.05% betamethasone dipropionate formulations. Increasing the amount of drug in the tape-stripped stratum corneum correlated with an increased skin blanching score. Ointment formulations delivered more drug to the skin and produced greater blanching scores than the cream formulations. Topical corticosteroid content in the treated skin site can therefore be quantified and correlates well with the resulting pharmacodynamic activity. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP PERSHING, LK (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132, USA. FU PHS HHS [223-87-1801] NR 20 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 3 U2 15 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 9 IS 1 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1023/A:1018975626210 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GY520 UT WOS:A1992GY52000008 PM 1589409 ER PT J AU DILLON, JG AF DILLON, JG TI ELECTROCHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF PELLETHANE 2363-80A AND 2363-55D SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article ID POLYURETHANE; OXIDATION AB The electrochemical degradation of two polyetherurethanes, Pellethane 2363-80A and 2363-55D was studied. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) were used to monitor the chemical changes in thin films of the polymer coated on electrode surfaces. These films were exposed to a 6 V DC for a period up to 177 days. Evidence for extensive aggregation was noted during preliminary SEC measurements in dimethylacetamide (DMAC), whereas measurements in DMAC/0.5 M-LiBr eliminated the aggregation. The peak molecular weight of the polymer film on the reduction cathode decreased from 107 000 to 105 000 (-2%), whereas the molecular weight of the film at the oxidation anode was 31 000, a decrease of 71%. Periodic FTIR analysis of the films indicated alteration in the NH stretching, carbonyl, and COC portion of the polymer chain with time. The alterations were similar for both 80A and 55D, although taking longer to appear with 55D. The infrared difference was electrode-specific with little change occurring at the cathode and major change at the anode. Evidence for the production of free amine or alcohol was also present in the infrared spectra, with areas of yellowing appearing on the electrode surfaces. A non-adhering residue was produced on the surface of the anode film. All controls (air, glass, Pt, thermal, H2O, and 0.9% NaCl) showed no differences in infrared absorbances. RP DILLON, JG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 1992 VL 37 IS 3 BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.1016/0141-3910(92)90158-2 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA HW562 UT WOS:A1992HW56200001 ER PT S AU GASKALLA, RT AF GASKALLA, RT BE Childers, NF TI NAFTA AND FLORIDA FUTURE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 105TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 105th Annual Meeting of the Florida-State-Horticultural-Society CY NOV 03-05, 1992 CL TAMPA, FL SP FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOC C1 FDACS,DIV PLANT IND,TALLAHASSEE,FL. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOC PI WINTER HAVEN PA 800 LAKE JESSIE DRIVE, WINTER HAVEN, FL 33881 SN 0097-1219 J9 P FL ST HORTIC SOC PY 1992 VL 105 BP 384 EP 385 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BZ52A UT WOS:A1992BZ52A00120 ER PT J AU BULL, TE AF BULL, TE TI RELAXATION IN THE ROTATING FRAME IN LIQUIDS SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Review ID SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; RESONANCE RADIOFREQUENCY FIELD; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RELAXATION; COHERENCE-TRANSFER; CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; MULTIPOLE NMR; SCALAR RELAXATION; NOE SPECTROSCOPY; ROESY; ELIMINATION RP BULL, TE (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 74 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0079-6565 J9 PROG NUCL MAG RES SP JI Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. PY 1992 VL 24 BP 377 EP 410 DI 10.1016/0079-6565(92)80002-W PN 5 PG 34 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Physics; Spectroscopy GA KG713 UT WOS:A1992KG71300001 ER PT J AU PURI, J PIERCE, JH HOFFMAN, T AF PURI, J PIERCE, JH HOFFMAN, T TI TRANSDUCTION OF A SIGNAL FOR ARACHIDONIC-ACID METABOLISM BY UNTRIGGERED CSF-1 RECEPTOR INDUCES AN OPPOSITE EFFECT TO THAT INDUCED BY CSF-1 RECEPTOR AND ITS LIGAND - SEPARATE REGULATION OF PHOSPHOLIPASE-A2 AND CYCLOOXYGENASE BY CSF-1 RECEPTOR CSF-1 SO PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS LA English DT Article ID TYROSINE KINASE SUBSTRATE; STIMULATING FACTOR CSF-1; GROWTH-FACTOR; PROTEIN-KINASE; 4-HYDROXYCINNAMAMIDE DERIVATIVES; A-431 CELLS; FACTOR-I; INHIBITORS; PHOSPHORYLATION; ONCOGENE AB The mouse hematopoietic cell line, 32D, was transfected with c-fms, which encodes for the CSF-1 receptor, a tyrosine kinase (TK). In the absence of CSF-1, transfected cells show moderate levels of arachidonic acid (AA) release and produce a substantial amount of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in comparison with the original cell line. Exposure of transfected cells to CSF-1, while inducing a substantial increase in arachidonate release, nevertheless resulted in inhibition of PGE2 production. Addition of ST638, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, to cells transfected with c-fms in the absence of CSF-1 inhibited PGE2 production within 10-60 min. Its addition to the same cells in the presence of CSF-1 induced an opposite effect, but required longer treatment (24 h). In either cell type, AA release was not affected by this agent. These data indicate that CSF-1 may regulate cyclooxygenase activity. The different effect of CSF-1 receptor on PGE2 production in the presence or absence of CSF-1 and the opposite effect of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor on PGE2 suggest that both the receptor alone or the receptor-ligand complex may transduce an active, but different, signal through tyrosine phosphorylation. CSF-1 receptor and CSF-1 may exert separate, but related, effects on phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase activity which, in concert, or along with other tyrosine kinases, regulate prostaglandin production. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,HFB 450,BLDG 29,ROOM 225,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,CELL & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND EH1 3AF SN 0952-3278 J9 PROSTAG LEUKOTR ESS JI Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids PD JAN PY 1992 VL 45 IS 1 BP 43 EP 48 DI 10.1016/0952-3278(92)90101-N PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA GZ138 UT WOS:A1992GZ13800005 PM 1532099 ER PT J AU RUETER, FG CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL SLAYTON, RJ SULEIMAN, OH AF RUETER, FG CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL SLAYTON, RJ SULEIMAN, OH TI ASSESSMENT OF SKIN ENTRANCE KERMA IN THE UNITED-STATES - THE NATIONWIDE EVALUATION OF X-RAY TRENDS (NEXT) SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON DOSIMETRY IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY CY MAR 19-21, 1991 CL LUXEMBOURG, LUXEMBOURG AB The Nationwide Evaluation of X ray Trends (NEXT) is an annual survey programme to estimate national skin entrance air kerma, free-in-air, for respresentative diagnostic X ray examinations. It is conducted in the United States cooperatively between the federal government's Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the various state and local governments through the coordinating agency known as the conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD). NEXT originally began in 1973 and in 1983 it underwent a major change; limiting the annual survey to one examination, using standard attenuation phantoms for the measurement of exposure, empirically evaluating film processing, and the collection of comprehensive technical data such as tube potential, half-value layer (HVL), type of film, screen, grid, and optical density of the resulting phantom radiograph. Surveys have been performed for chest radiography (1984 and 1986), the abdomen and lumbosacral spine examination (1987 and 1989), mammography (1985 and 1988), computerised tomography (CT) (1990), and currently fluoroscopy (1991). The mammography and fluoroscopy examinations differ from the other surveys by incorporating image quality test objects. RP RUETER, FG (reprint author), FOOD & DRUG ADM CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH HFZ-240,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1992 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 71 EP 73 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JY832 UT WOS:A1992JY83200017 ER PT J AU CONWAY, BJ SULEIMAN, OH RUETER, FG MCCROHAN, JL AF CONWAY, BJ SULEIMAN, OH RUETER, FG MCCROHAN, JL TI PATIENT EQUIVALENT ATTENUATION PHANTOMS SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON DOSIMETRY IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY CY MAR 19-21, 1991 CL LUXEMBOURG, LUXEMBOURG AB In the United States a set of attenuation phantoms has been developed to measure the air kerma, free-in-air, received by a standard reference patient during chest and abdomen radiographic examinations. These phantoms can be used for both manual and automatic exposure control (AEC) systems. The phantoms have been designed for the postero-anterior (PA) chest. the antero-posterior (AP) abdomen and lumbosacral (LS) spine examinations, and most recently for the upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy examination. They are relatively lightweight, transportable, rugged, and made of readily available materials (acrylic and type 1100 aluminium alloy). These phantoms have been clinically validated and are currently used in various programs to measure patient air kerma values. RP CONWAY, BJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH HFZ-240,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1992 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 123 EP 125 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JY832 UT WOS:A1992JY83200028 ER PT J AU SULEIMAN, OH ANTONSEN, R CONWAY, B MCCROHAN, J RUETER, F SLAYTON, R AF SULEIMAN, OH ANTONSEN, R CONWAY, B MCCROHAN, J RUETER, F SLAYTON, R TI ASSESSING PATIENT EXPOSURE IN FLUOROSCOPY SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON DOSIMETRY IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY CY MAR 19-21, 1991 CL LUXEMBOURG, LUXEMBOURG AB In the United States, the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD), the umbrella organisation for state and local radiation control agencies, along with the federal government's Food and Drug Administration, conducts the Nationwide Evaluation of X ray Trends (NEXT) survey programme. The examination selected for the 1991 survey is the upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy examination. The phantom developed for the 1991 survey approximates the abdominal region of a standard reference patient, is derived from a clinically validated phantom, and incorporates image quality test objects. The protocol enables the surveyor to measure fluoroscopic entrance air kerma rates (EKR) along with air kermas associated with radiographic techniques (photospot or spot film). Air kerma measurements are also made simulating barium. Results from the pilot test conducted in preparation for the 1991 survey are presented. RP SULEIMAN, OH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH HFZ-240,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1992 VL 43 IS 1-4 BP 251 EP 252 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JY832 UT WOS:A1992JY83200058 ER PT J AU BENSON, JS AF BENSON, JS TI PATIENT AND PHYSICIAN RADIATION EXPOSURE DURING FLUOROSCOPY SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP BENSON, JS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ-1,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD JAN PY 1992 VL 182 IS 1 BP 286 EP 286 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GW054 UT WOS:A1992GW05400060 PM 1727302 ER PT J AU SCHRADER, SM CHAPIN, RE CLEGG, ED DAVIS, RO FOURCROY, JL KATZ, DF ROTHMANN, SA TOTH, G TURNER, TW ZINAMAN, M AF SCHRADER, SM CHAPIN, RE CLEGG, ED DAVIS, RO FOURCROY, JL KATZ, DF ROTHMANN, SA TOTH, G TURNER, TW ZINAMAN, M TI LABORATORY METHODS FOR ASSESSING HUMAN SEMEN IN EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES - A CONSENSUS REPORT SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPERM MOTILITY; INVITRO; WORKERS; MOTION C1 NATL TOXICOL PROGRAM,CINCINNATI,OH. NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NATL TOXICOL PROGRAM,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. CLEVELAND CLIN EDUC FDN,ANDROL LAB,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. CLEVELAND CLIN EDUC FDN,SPERM BANK,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. US EPA,CINCINNATI,OH 45268. GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. RP SCHRADER, SM (reprint author), NIOSH,MS-C23,4676 COLUMBIA PKWY,CINCINNATI,OH 45226, USA. RI Schrader, Steven/E-8120-2011; OI Chapin, Robert/0000-0002-5997-1261 NR 25 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PY 1992 VL 6 IS 3 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90184-U PG 5 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA HV379 UT WOS:A1992HV37900011 PM 1591486 ER PT J AU PLOWCHALK, DR MATTISON, DR AF PLOWCHALK, DR MATTISON, DR TI REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE IN THE C57BL/6N MOUSE .1. EFFECTS ON OVARIAN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; OVARY; OVARIAN TOXICITY; ESTRADIOL; MORPHOMETRY; MOUSE ID PHOSPHORAMIDE MUSTARD; BREAST-CANCER; RAT; FAILURE; THERAPY AB The antineoplastic alkylating agent, cyclophosphamide (CPA) is known to impair normal female reproductive function. We have examined the time- and dose-dependent effects of CPA on the ovary, specifically, its impact on follicle numbers, ovarian morphometrics, and estradiol (E2) production. Female C57BL/6N mice were treated ip with CPA in normal saline at doses of 0, 75, 200, or 500 mg/kg. Ovaries were removed 1 to 14 days following treatment and serial sections were prepared. Differential follicle counts revealed that primordial follicles were most sensitive to CPA (ED50 = 122 mg/kg), followed by antral and growing follicles. Primordial follicles were affected by all doses of CPA and were completely destroyed by 3 days in the 500 mg/kg dose group. The greatest reduction in antral follicles was to 49% and 7% of controls by CPA doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Plasma E2 concentrations correlated best with antral follicle numbers (r2 = 0.94) and antral follicle volume (r2 = 0.88). Growing follicles were least sensitive to CPA and only decreased at 7 and 14 days. Although atretic changes were observed in growing follicles after treatment with CPA, these follicles recovered and progressed into apparently functional antral follicles (that is, they produced E2). Total ovarian volume was significantly reduced (30 to 40%) in the high-dose group on day 1, and remained depressed throughout the experiment. Examination of ovarian morphometrics indicated that this volume loss represented specific temporal changes in corpora lutea (CL), interstitial tissue, growing follicles, and antral follicles. At 1 and 3 days after treatment, the major loss in ovarian volume was due to a reduction in antral follicle and interstitial tissue volumes, while at 7 days the majority of volume loss was accounted for by the absence of CL. It is not known if CL are directly affected by CPA at the early time points, but their absence at 7 and 14 days is probably due to earlier destruction of antral follicles. These results demonstrate that CPA-induced ovarian toxicity is exhibited as temporal changes in both structural and functional features of the ovary, particularly in destruction of primordial and antral follicles and depressed E2 production. Information of this type also gives insight into ovarian response to chemical disruption of folliculogenesis and its recovery process. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RI Mattison, Donald/C-2015-2009; Mattison, Donald/L-4661-2013 OI Mattison, Donald/0000-0001-5623-0874 NR 25 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP 411 EP 421 DI 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90004-D PG 11 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA JT887 UT WOS:A1992JT88700004 PM 1463921 ER PT J AU PLOWCHALK, DR MEADOWS, MJ MATTISON, DR AF PLOWCHALK, DR MEADOWS, MJ MATTISON, DR TI REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE IN THE C57BL/6N MOUSE .2. EFFECTS ON UTERINE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; UTERUS; ESTRADIOL; UTERINE TOXICITY; MOUSE; OVARY ID INDUCED OVARIAN FAILURE; BREAST-CANCER; METABOLISM; RESPONSES; THERAPY AB Cyclophosphamide-induced uterine weight loss was evaluated to determine whether it was a function of primary toxicity to the uterus or a secondary response to ovarian toxicity, that is, antral follicle destruction. C57BL/6N mice treated with cyclophosphamide exhibited a reduction in uterine weight concurrent with a decrease in plasma estradiol (E2) Concentrations, thereby indicating toxicity to the ovary. However, when E2 concentrations recovered, uterine weight still remained depressed, suggesting that cyclophosphamide also impaired uterine function. Further investigation revealed that cyclophosphamide altered the normal uterotropic response to E2, significantly diminishing the uterine weight gain associated with E2 treatment. We conclude that effects of cyclophosphamide on the uterus involve two components: 1) decreased uterine weight in response to decreased plasma E2 resulting from ovarian toxicity, and 2) an altered response to E2 due to direct uterine toxicity. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DIV TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RI Mattison, Donald/C-2015-2009; OI Mattison, Donald/0000-0001-5623-0874 NR 26 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP 423 EP 429 DI 10.1016/0890-6238(92)90005-E PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA JT887 UT WOS:A1992JT88700005 PM 1463922 ER PT J AU WHETSTONE, SN AF WHETSTONE, SN BE Otwell, WS TI UNITED-STATES-FDAS SEAFOOD INITIATIVES - A REGULATORY UPDATE SO SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FISHERIES TECHNOLOGICAL CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17TH ANNUAL TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FISHERIES TECHNOLOGICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAS / 45TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE GULF AND CARIBBEAN FISHERIES INST CY NOV 04-06, 1992 CL MERIDA, MEXICO SP SOC TROP & SUBTROP FISHERIES TECHNOL SOC AMERICAS, GULF & CARIBBEAN FISHERIES INST, FLORIDA SEA GRANT COLL PROGRAM, NATL OCEANIC & ATMOSPHER ADM, OFF SEA GRANT, US DEPT COMMERCE RP WHETSTONE, SN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF SEAFOOD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FLORIDA SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM PI GAINSVILLE PA GAINSVILLE PY 1992 BP 19 EP 26 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology SC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology GA BZ01Y UT WOS:A1992BZ01Y00003 ER PT J AU STARUSZKIEWICZ, WF AF STARUSZKIEWICZ, WF BE Otwell, WS TI SCOMBROID POISONING FROM SEAFOOD SO SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FISHERIES TECHNOLOGICAL CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17TH ANNUAL TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FISHERIES TECHNOLOGICAL CONF OF THE AMERICAS / 45TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE GULF AND CARIBBEAN FISHERIES INST CY NOV 04-06, 1992 CL MERIDA, MEXICO SP SOC TROP & SUBTROP FISHERIES TECHNOL SOC AMERICAS, GULF & CARIBBEAN FISHERIES INST, FLORIDA SEA GRANT COLL PROGRAM, NATL OCEANIC & ATMOSPHER ADM, OFF SEA GRANT, US DEPT COMMERCE RP STARUSZKIEWICZ, WF (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FLORIDA SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM PI GAINSVILLE PA GAINSVILLE PY 1992 BP 51 EP 63 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology SC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology GA BZ01Y UT WOS:A1992BZ01Y00006 ER PT J AU BORSADIA, S GHANEM, AH SETA, Y HIGUCHI, WI FLYNN, GL BEHL, CR SHAH, VP AF BORSADIA, S GHANEM, AH SETA, Y HIGUCHI, WI FLYNN, GL BEHL, CR SHAH, VP TI FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE EVALUATION OF BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIOEQUIVALENCE OF TOPICAL FORMULATIONS SO SKIN PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIOAVAILABILITY; BIOEQUIVALENCE; TOPICAL FORMULATIONS; PHYSICAL MODEL ID PHYSICAL MODEL EVALUATION; SIMULTANEOUS TRANSPORT; HYDROCORTISONE CREAMS; CLINICAL EFFICACY; DRUG PENETRATION; DELIVERY SYSTEMS; INVITRO DELIVERY; PRODRUG DELIVERY; VEHICLE; VIDARABINE-5'-VALERATE AB In this paper, an attempt is made to find functional definitions of bioavailability and bioequivalence for topical products and to examine critical factors that influence topical bioavailability and bioequivalence. A physical model approach for quantifying the problem and increasing our understanding is presented here. The key assumptions are (1) that the target site is in the lower epidermis (basal layer) or in the dermis, and (2) that it is the thermodynamic activity (i.e., the free drug concentration, C*, of the active drug species) at the target site that is the true correlate of drug effectiveness. Studies initiated to implement the physical model approach involved first validating a 'three-tiered' model for finite dose drug uptake/transport in skin with experimentally determined input parameters (partition coefficient, K, and steady-state permeability coefficients, P, for the stratum corneum, viable epidermis, and dermis). Hydrocortisone was used as the model drug with hairless guinea pig skin as the model membrane. The physical model is used to show, via the C* concept, how formulation factors may influence bioavailability and bioequivalence. Finally, a method is presented for predicting the efficacy of topical formulations employing appropriate in vitro data and physical model calculations. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,COLL PHARM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,PHARMACEUT RES & DEV,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP BORSADIA, S (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT PHARMACEUT,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1011-0283 J9 SKIN PHARMACOL JI Skin Pharmacol. PY 1992 VL 5 IS 3 BP 129 EP 145 PG 17 WC Dermatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Dermatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JP372 UT WOS:A1992JP37200001 PM 1445703 ER PT J AU BURKE, JA AF BURKE, JA GP SOC GLASS & CERAM DECORATORS TI GETTING LEAD OUT OF OUR DIET SO SOCIETY OF GLASS & CERAMIC DECORATORS, 1992 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Seminar of the Society-of-Glass-and-Ceramic-Decorators CY SEP 20-23, 1992 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP SOC GLASS & CERAM DECORATORS C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY,OFF PHYS SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIETY GLASS & CERAMIC DECORATORS PI WASHINGTON PA 888 17TH ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 PY 1992 BP 14 EP 15 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BA50D UT WOS:A1992BA50D00005 ER PT J AU SAHAI, H MISRA, S AF SAHAI, H MISRA, S TI DEFINITIONS OF SAMPLE VARIANCE - SOME TEACHING PROBLEMS TO BE OVERCOME SO STATISTICIAN LA English DT Article AB This paper discusses some teaching problems encountered in using(~)[GRAPHICS] as a definition of sample variance, and how to overcome them, depending upon the teaching context and the instructor's personal preference. In addition, several other definitions of sample variance are introduced in the context of finding a good estimator of the population variance as well as test statistics in hypothesis testing procedures. C1 UNIV PUERTO RICO,GRAD SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOSTAT & EPIDEMIOL,SAN JUAN,PR 00936. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOSTAT & EPIDEMIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. AMERICAN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX4 1JF SN 0039-0526 J9 STATISTICIAN JI Statistician PY 1992 VL 41 IS 1 BP 55 EP 64 DI 10.2307/2348636 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA HN455 UT WOS:A1992HN45500006 ER PT J AU IRAUSQUIN, H AF IRAUSQUIN, H TI THE VALUE OF CLINICAL-CHEMISTRY DATA IN ANIMAL SCREENING STUDIES FOR SAFETY EVALUATION SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CLINICAL PATHOLOGY TESTING IN PRECLINICAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT / 1991 NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOC FOR CLINICAL CHEMISTRY CY JUL 27, 1991 CL GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER ASSOC CLIN CHEM, DIV ANIM CLIN CHEM, MILES, BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM, SORONO BAKER DIAGNOST, SOC TOXICOL PATHOLOGISTS, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, PROCTER & GAMBLE HO GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV DE CLINICAL PATHOLOGY; ANIMAL; TOXICITY TESTING; REGULATIONS; SAFETY TESTING RP IRAUSQUIN, H (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 515 EP 518 PN 2 PG 4 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA KM693 UT WOS:A1992KM69300010 PM 1296282 ER PT J AU CAVAGNARO, JA AF CAVAGNARO, JA TI REGULATORY CONCERNS IN THE CURRENT PRACTICES OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CLINICAL PATHOLOGY TESTING IN PRECLINICAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT / 1991 NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASSOC FOR CLINICAL CHEMISTRY CY JUL 27, 1991 CL GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER ASSOC CLIN CHEM, DIV ANIM CLIN CHEM, MILES, BOEHRINGER MANNHEIM, SORONO BAKER DIAGNOST, SOC TOXICOL PATHOLOGISTS, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, PROCTER & GAMBLE HO GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV DE ANIMALS; SAFETY TESTING; REGULATIONS; TOXICITY TESTING RP CAVAGNARO, JA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF THERAPEUT RES & REVIEW,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 519 EP 522 PN 2 PG 4 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA KM693 UT WOS:A1992KM69300011 PM 1296283 ER PT J AU DAVENPORT, CJ ALI, SF MILLER, FJ LIPE, GW MORGAN, KT BONNEFOI, MS AF DAVENPORT, CJ ALI, SF MILLER, FJ LIPE, GW MORGAN, KT BONNEFOI, MS TI EFFECT OF METHYL-BROMIDE ON REGIONAL BRAIN GLUTATHIONE, GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASES, MONOAMINES, AND AMINO-ACIDS IN F344-RATS SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT-BRAIN; F344 RATS; ACRYLAMIDE; INHALATION; EXPOSURE; CHLORIDE; TISSUES; LIVER C1 CHEM IND INST TOXICOL,POB 12137,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 112 IS 1 BP 120 EP 127 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(92)90287-3 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GZ975 UT WOS:A1992GZ97500015 PM 1733043 ER PT J AU LEBEL, CP ALI, SF BONDY, SC AF LEBEL, CP ALI, SF BONDY, SC TI DEFEROXAMINE INHIBITS METHYL MERCURY-INDUCED INCREASES IN REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES FORMATION IN RAT-BRAIN SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Note ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; VITAMIN-E; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; NERVE-TERMINALS; FREE-RADICALS; IRON; TOXICITY; DESFERRIOXAMINE; METHYLMERCURY; METABOLISM C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,SO CALIF HLTH CTR,DEPT COMMUNITY & ENVIRONM MED,IRVINE,CA 92717. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 04071, ES 07157] NR 43 TC 69 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 1992 VL 112 IS 1 BP 161 EP 165 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(92)90292-Z PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GZ975 UT WOS:A1992GZ97500020 PM 1310167 ER PT J AU YENKOO, HC AF YENKOO, HC TI THE EFFECT OF ALUMINUM ON CONDITIONED AVOIDANCE-RESPONSE (CAR) IN MICE SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE MOUSE CONDITIONED BEHAVIOR; ALUMINUM TOXICITY AB Aluminum is used in medical products and some parenteral products (Vaccines) contain aluminum. In a study of neurotoxicity of aluminum in mice, four groups of CD1 mice (5 males and 5 females per dose level) were treated as follows: groupe one drank 1.0% of aluminum (as AlCl3) during the weaning period from day 1 to 8 weeks of age; group two drank AlCl3 from 1 month to 4 months of age; group three mice (1 month old) were injected i.p. with 10, 30 and 100 mg of aluminum/kg/day for two days; group four mice (1 month old) were injected s.c. with 3, 10, and 30 mg of aluminum/kg/day for 2 days. Controls received the vehicle only. All mice were trained for CAR five times at 2 months of age. The CAR of mice that ingested AlCl3 during the weaning period to 8 weeks of age was lowered by 26% compared to the control group, which achieved 46% of CAR after five training sessions. Also, the retention of CAR was reduced to 30% whereas that of the control group remained at the same level after 1 month. CAR values of group two did not differ from those of its control. CAR of group three (at 30 mg/kg i.p.) was 36% lower than controls. CAR of s.c. group four (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg) was lowered to 16%-28% of the control; CAR retention was reduced to 18%. Therefore, the oral ingestion of aluminum induced neurotoxicity in mice which may be seen only at an early age, but injection of aluminum can cause neurotoxicity at any age. RP YENKOO, HC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING,OFF RES RESOURCES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 SN 0748-2337 J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH JI Toxicol. Ind. Health PD JAN-APR PY 1992 VL 8 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA HF435 UT WOS:A1992HF43500001 PM 1542881 ER PT J AU COLLINS, TFX HINTON, DM WELSH, JJ BLACK, TN AF COLLINS, TFX HINTON, DM WELSH, JJ BLACK, TN TI EVALUATION OF HEAT STERILIZATION OF COMMERCIAL RAT DIETS FOR USE IN FDA TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Certified commercial rat diets, control and fortified, in the form of pellets and meal, were evaluated in a simulated subchronic rat feeding study. The diets were analyzed before and after autoclaving to determine nutrient integrity and loss, as well as the efficiency of autoclaving for removal of microbiological contaminants. Sterilization reduced the level of heat-labile vitamins, but protein level was minimally reduced. Sterilization eliminated most of the bacterial contaminants and virtually all the mold and yeast colonies. Male and female Osborne-Mendel rats (3-4 wk old) were fed control or sterilized diet for 6 wk. Both males and females consumed more pelleted chow than meal chow. This apparent difference in consumption may be due to wastage of pellets, because there were no differences in male or female growth during the 6-wk study. At necropsy, no gross pathology was noted, and organ weights did not differ significantly among the groups for either sex. Testicular weights were also similar among the groups. Blood serum proteins were analyzed by electrophoresis to screen for possible effects on various target organs. Gamma globulin levels for female rats fed sterilized meal were significantly reduced compared to levels for rats fed the control diet. These results suggest that either nutritional factors or heat inactivation of the microbes affects basal levels of humoral immunity, possibly by reduction of gut-mediated immune responses. RP COLLINS, TFX (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 SN 0748-2337 J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH JI Toxicol. Ind. Health PD JAN-APR PY 1992 VL 8 IS 1-2 BP 9 EP 20 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA HF435 UT WOS:A1992HF43500002 PM 1371894 ER PT B AU LEBER, P AF LEBER, P BE RACAGNI, G MENDLEWICZ, J TI DEVELOPING PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT FOR AGE-ASSOCIATED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS - A REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE SO TREATMENT OF AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION : PHARMACOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL EVALUATION SE INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY FOR BIOMEDICAL AND DRUG RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON TREATMENT OF AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION : PHARMACOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL EVALUATION CY OCT 03-05, 1991 CL MONTE CARLO, MONACO SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES RP LEBER, P (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF NEW DRUG EVALUAT 1,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA BASEL BN 3-8055-5551-2 J9 INT ACAD B JI Int.Acad.Biomed.Drug Res. PY 1992 VL 2 BP 108 EP 115 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA BV50H UT WOS:A1992BV50H00011 ER PT J AU DRAGUNSKY, EM RIVERA, E AARONSON, W DOLGAYA, TM HOCHSTEIN, HD HABIG, WH LEVENBOOK, IS AF DRAGUNSKY, EM RIVERA, E AARONSON, W DOLGAYA, TM HOCHSTEIN, HD HABIG, WH LEVENBOOK, IS TI EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF ANTITOXIC PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF NEW CHOLERA VACCINES IN MICE SO VACCINE LA English DT Note DE ORAL CHOLERA VACCINES; CHOLERA TOXIN PROTECTION IN MICE ID VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; FIELD TRIAL; B-SUBUNIT; FOLLOW-UP; BANGLADESH; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY; ADULTS AB Intraperitoneal immunization of mice and subsequent challenge with purified cholera toxin (CT) were employed to evaluate the anti-cholera toxin protective effect of two new oral cholera vaccines, live CVD 103-HgR and killed B subunit-whole cell (BS-WC). CVD 103-HgR vaccine demonstrated 100% protection of mice against 2.25 LD50 and 70% against 3 LD50 of CT. Mice immunized with BS-WC vaccine were protected against 2.25 and 3 LD50 of CT in 88 and 62% of cases, respectively. All three killed parenteral vaccines failed to protect against CT. We suggest this mouse system for preliminary evaluation of the antitoxic protective activity of cholera vaccines. RP DRAGUNSKY, EM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 1992 VL 10 IS 11 BP 735 EP 736 DI 10.1016/0264-410X(92)90505-E PG 2 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JK111 UT WOS:A1992JK11100002 PM 1441727 ER PT J AU SJOGREN, MH PURCELL, RH MCKEE, K BINN, L MACARTHY, P TICEHURST, J FEINSTONE, S CAUDILL, J SEE, A HOKE, C BANCROFT, W DHONDT, E AF SJOGREN, MH PURCELL, RH MCKEE, K BINN, L MACARTHY, P TICEHURST, J FEINSTONE, S CAUDILL, J SEE, A HOKE, C BANCROFT, W DHONDT, E TI CLINICAL AND LABORATORY OBSERVATIONS FOLLOWING ORAL OR INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION OF A LIVE ATTENUATED HEPATITIS-A VACCINE CANDIDATE SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION AGAINST HEPATITIS-A CY JAN 27-29, 1992 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA DE HEPATITIS-A; VIRAL HEPATITIS; LIVER ID VIRUS; ANTIBODY AB Clinical observations made after immunising volunteers with a live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine are described. The candidate vaccine was prepared with the HM175 strain of hepatitis A virus and shown to be safe, immunogenic and efficacious in experimental animals. When the candidate vaccine was tested by oral administration in humans at increasing doses - 10(4), 10(5), 10(6) and 10(7) median tissue culture infective doses ( TCID50) - an antibody response was not observed at any dose. Volunteers who received similar doses by the intramuscular route developed antibody to hepatitis A three weeks after immunization with 10(6) or 10(7) TCID50. The antibody response was sustained for the 12 weeks of the observation period. All volunteers remained healthy with normal results from liver tests throughout the monitoring period. Further clinical observations of this product are in progress. C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM BIOL,RIXENSART,BELGIUM. RP SJOGREN, MH (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV MED,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. RI Ticehurst, John/I-7532-2012 NR 7 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 1992 VL 10 SU 1 BP S135 EP S137 DI 10.1016/0264-410X(92)90568-5 PG 3 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JY978 UT WOS:A1992JY97800040 PM 1335645 ER PT J AU SORIANO, V HEWLETT, I GUTIERREZ, M HEREDIA, A BRAVO, R GONZALEZLAHOZ, J EPSTEIN, J AF SORIANO, V HEWLETT, I GUTIERREZ, M HEREDIA, A BRAVO, R GONZALEZLAHOZ, J EPSTEIN, J TI SIGNIFICANCE OF POSITIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION RESULTS IN HIV-SERONEGATIVE INDIVIDUALS SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; INFECTION; TYPE-1; ABSENCE; BLOOD; DNA C1 US FDA,DBBP,CBER,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. INST SALUD CARLOS 3,SERV INFECT DIS,MADRID,SPAIN. RP SORIANO, V (reprint author), CALLE RAFAEL CALVO 7 2 A,E-28010 MADRID,SPAIN. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1992 VL 63 IS 4 BP 287 EP 288 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA KC418 UT WOS:A1992KC41800011 PM 1481479 ER PT J AU MAY, JC RAINS, TC YU, LJ ETZ, NM AF MAY, JC RAINS, TC YU, LJ ETZ, NM TI ALUMINUM CONTENT OF SOURCE PLASMA AND SODIUM-CITRATE ANTICOAGULANT SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Article ID ALBUMIN-REPLACEMENT SOLUTIONS; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; CONTAMINATION; BLOOD; CHEMISTRY; PRODUCTS; DISEASE AB The concentration of aluminum was determined in samples of source plasma collected by the normal plasmapheresis procedure, which involves collection in anticoagulant and immediate freezing. Samples of sodium citrate anticoagulant used in the collection of source plasma were also tested for aluminum, as were empty source plasma containers and 0.9% sodium chloride infusion (USP). Samples of source plasma were collected from a geographic cross-section of the donor population in the USA by three different manufacturers. Aliquots of these samples were mixed with Triton X-100 and sulfuric acid and analyzed for aluminum by atomic absorption spectrometry using electrothermal atomization (graphite furnace) and Zeeman background correction. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation for the aluminum content of 28 samples of source plasma were found to be 25.5 +/- 8.4 ng Al/ml. The aluminum content of the individual samples of source plasma ranged from 12 to 48 ng Al/ml. The aluminum content of 6 samples from two manufacturers of the sodium citrate anticoagulant that is used in source plasma ranged from 410 to 2,080 ng/ml. Aluminum levels found in saline for infusion and nitric acid leachates from empty source plasma containers were less than 6.9 ng/ml. The level of aluminum expected in uncontaminated human blood has been estimated to be 10 ng Al/ml or less. Comparison of this figure with the present data indicates that the sodium citrate anticoagulant contributes significantly to the aluminum load of source plasma and, therefore, to the aluminum content of products such as albumin derived from source plasma. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. RP MAY, JC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. RI Yu, Lee/N-7263-2015 OI Yu, Lee/0000-0002-8043-6853 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1992 VL 62 IS 2 BP 65 EP 69 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA HN815 UT WOS:A1992HN81500001 PM 1519369 ER PT J AU RIPPEY, SR WATKINS, WD AF RIPPEY, SR WATKINS, WD TI COMPARATIVE RATES OF DISINFECTION OF MICROBIAL INDICATOR ORGANISMS IN CHLORINATED SEWAGE EFFLUENTS SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16TH BIENNIAL CONF OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOC ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH AND CONTROL CY MAY 24-30, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP INT ASSOC WATER POLLUT RES & CONTROL DE BACTERIA; VIRUS; INDICATOR; DECAY; SEWAGE; DISINFECTION; CHLORINATION ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; WATER; BACTERIOPHAGES; INACTIVATION; ENUMERATION AB The densities of several microbial indicator organisms, including fecal coliforms, enterococci, Clostridium perfringens, and a male-specific bacteriophage group, were determined in the pre- and post-chlorinated effluents of three wastewater treatment plants during a rainfall event when the plants were operating near maximum flow capacity. These studies were undertaken to determine the effects of elevated flow rates on the relative rates of inactivation of the microbial indicators due to chlorine disinfection. Three distinctly different responses to chlorine treatment were observed. The vegetative bacterial organisms (fecal coliforms and enterococci) were most sensitive, the male-specific bacteriophage group was considerably more refractory, and C. perfringens, a bacterial spore-former, was highly resistant to inactivation by the disinfecting agent. These findings are significant for two reasons. First, the vegetative bacterial indicators did not reliably index the decay rates of the bacterial virus under the field conditions experienced. This has important public health ramifications to consumers of certain seafood products and to marine recreationists. Second, because of the highly refractory nature of the C. perfringens spore, this microbial indicator has practical use in assessing the magnitude of the impacts (source strengths) of sewage contaminated wastewaters on estuarine and marine environments. RP RIPPEY, SR (reprint author), US FDA,NE TECH SERV UNIT,BLDG S-26,CBC DAVISVILLE,N KINGSTOWN,RI 02852, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0273-1223 J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL JI Water Sci. Technol. PY 1992 VL 26 IS 9-11 BP 2185 EP 2189 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA KA669 UT WOS:A1992KA66900050 ER PT B AU WEBER, NE AF WEBER, NE BE HUTSON, DH HAWKINS, DR PAULSON, GD STRUBLE, CB TI USE OF XENOBIOTICS IN FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS IN THE UNITED-STATES - REGULATORY ASPECTS SO XENOBIOTICS AND FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS: METABOLISM AND RESIDUES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON XENOBIOTICS AND FOOD-PRODUCING ANIMALS : METABOLISM AND RESIDUES, AT 4TH CHEMICAL CONGRESS OF NORTH AMERICA ( 202ND NATIONAL CONF OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOC ) CY AUG 25-30, 1991 CL NEW YORK, NY SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGROCHEM, INT SOC STUDY XENOBIOT RP WEBER, NE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV CHEM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON BN 0-8412-2472-2 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1992 VL 503 BP 17 EP 25 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Agronomy; Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA BW54G UT WOS:A1992BW54G00002 ER PT J AU PRASAD, GKB THAKKER, DR AF PRASAD, GKB THAKKER, DR TI OXIDATIVE CONVERSION OF 6-FLUOROBENZO(C)PHENANTHRENE TO ITS K-REGION OXIDE BY LIVER-MICROSOMES FROM 3-METHYLCHOLANTHRENE TREATED RATS - REVERSAL OF STEREOSELECTIVITY OF CYTOCHROME-P-450C DUE TO THE INFLUENCE OF FLUORO GROUP SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID 6-FLUORO SUBSTITUENT; DIOL-EPOXIDES; METABOLISM; SYSTEM; BENZOPHENANTHRENE; BENZO(A)PYRENE; PURIFICATION; ISOZYMES; P-450 C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD DEC 31 PY 1991 VL 181 IS 3 BP 1516 EP 1523 DI 10.1016/0006-291X(91)92111-V PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GX736 UT WOS:A1991GX73600087 PM 1764102 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI 1-PERCENT HYDROCORTISONE PRODUCTS TO BE AVAILABLE OVER-THE-COUNTER SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 18 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 23 BP 3263 EP 3263 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GU964 UT WOS:A1991GU96400005 PM 1660082 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FOOD LABELING REFORM INITIATIVE SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 18 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 23 BP 3263 EP 3263 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GU964 UT WOS:A1991GU96400003 PM 1660082 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FOSCARNET APPROVED FOR AIDS PATIENTS WITH CMV RETINITIS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 18 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 23 BP 3263 EP 3263 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GU964 UT WOS:A1991GU96400004 PM 1660082 ER PT J AU PUTNAM, D FRAUNFELDER, FT DREIS, M AF PUTNAM, D FRAUNFELDER, FT DREIS, M TI METRONIDAZOLE AND OPTIC NEURITIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,CASEY EYE INST,NATL REGISTRY DRUG INDUCED OCULAR SIDE EFFECTS,PORTLAND,OR 97201. US FDA,DIV DRUG EXPERIENCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPHTHALMIC PUBL CO PI CHICAGO PA 77 WEST WACKER DR, STE 660, CHICAGO, IL 60601 SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD DEC 15 PY 1991 VL 112 IS 6 BP 737 EP 737 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA GT520 UT WOS:A1991GT52000024 PM 1957918 ER PT J AU ARMSTRONG, R HARVATH, L DUBOISDALCQ, M AF ARMSTRONG, R HARVATH, L DUBOISDALCQ, M TI ASTROCYTES AND O-2A-PROGENITORS MIGRATE TOWARD DISTINCT MOLECULES IN A MICROCHEMOTAXIS CHAMBER SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CHEMOTAXIS C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP ARMSTRONG, R (reprint author), NINCDS, VIRAL & MOLEC PATHOGENESIS LAB, BLDG 36, RM5D04, 9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PD DEC 15 PY 1991 VL 633 BP 520 EP 522 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM205 UT WOS:A1991JM20500059 ER PT J AU JOHNSTON, PG LIANG, CM HENRY, S CHABNER, BA ALLEGRA, CJ AF JOHNSTON, PG LIANG, CM HENRY, S CHABNER, BA ALLEGRA, CJ TI PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES THAT LOCALIZE HUMAN THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE IN THE CYTOPLASM OF HUMAN-CELLS AND TISSUE SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOUSE FIBROBLASTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SYNTHETASE; GENE; CANCER; 5-FLUOROURACIL; CHEMOTHERAPY; EXPRESSION; CARCINOMA; BINDING AB Thymidylate synthase (TS; EC 2.1.1.45) is an important cellular enzyme that converts dUMP to dTMP, which is essential for DNA biosynthesis. In addition, TS is an important cellular target for the fluoropyrimidine cytotoxic drugs that are widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. We have generated five monoclonal antibodies against human TS using a recombinant human TS enzyme. These antibodies react specifically with human TS and display negligible cross-reactivity with other cellular proteins found in human cells. Binding affinity studies demonstrate that all antibodies form a tight interaction with recombinant human TS enzyme (K(d) range = 0.3-11.0 nM). All antibodies display reactivity on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoprecipitation. On Western blot analysis each detects a protein of approximately 36 kDa molecular mass under denaturing conditions. In addition to their reactivity on immunoprecipitation and Western analysis, two of the antibodies, TS 106 and TS 109, are reactive on immunohistochemical staining of human colon carcinoma cell lines and tissue, producing a granular cytoplasmic staining pattern. Specificity for TS is demonstrated by the lack of staining with preimmune IgG and the disappearance of the signal when the antibodies are preabsorbed with recombinant human TS enzyme. Quantitation of TS by Western blot analysis and biochemical FdUMP binding assay in 5-fluorouracil-resistant colon carcinoma cell lines (NCI H630R10, NCI H630R1) and a sensitive colon carcinoma cell line (NCI H630) revealed a 36- and 6-fold increase in TS in the resistant cell line as measured by the biochemical assay compared to a 39- and 10.6-fold increase as measured by densitometric analysis of the Western blot. These comparative studies of immunohistochemical, Western, and biochemical analyses reveal that the immunological detection of TS in human colon cell lines is a sensitive and quantitative assay. Thus the ability of these antibodies to detect TS in human cancer cells and tissue may allow measurement of TS in human tissues by quantitative immunohistochemistry in studies of drug resistance and for determination of proliferative rates. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP JOHNSTON, PG (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC TREATMENT,MED BRANCH,BLDG 10,ROOM 12N226,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 41 TC 130 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD DEC 15 PY 1991 VL 51 IS 24 BP 6668 EP 6676 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GU416 UT WOS:A1991GU41600028 PM 1720706 ER PT J AU KURT, TL AF KURT, TL TI TRIAZOLAM IN THE ELDERLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP KURT, TL (reprint author), US FDA,DALLAS,TX 75204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 12 PY 1991 VL 325 IS 24 BP 1744 EP 1744 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GU418 UT WOS:A1991GU41800016 ER PT J AU ROSA, F MIWA, LJ AF ROSA, F MIWA, LJ TI LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN TO PREVENT PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP ROSA, F (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 11 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 22 BP 3127 EP 3127 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GT654 UT WOS:A1991GT65400010 ER PT J AU DILLON, JG HUGHES, MK AF DILLON, JG HUGHES, MK TI DETERMINATION OF CHOLESTEROL AND CORTISONE ABSORPTION IN POLYURETHANE .1. METHODOLOGY USING SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY AND DUAL DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BLOOD POLYMER INTERFACE; ESTERIFIED CHOLESTEROL; HUMAN-SERUM; LIPOPROTEINS; ESTERS AB A size-exclusion chromatographic method is described for measuring the absorption of the steroid-based lipids cholesterol and cortisone into Pellethane 2363, a polyurethane used in biomedical implants. The method uses refractometry and ultraviolet diode-array detection, with tetrahydrofuran as the mobile phase. Using an injection volume of 150-mu-l, the lower limit of accurate measurement for cholesterol (refractive index detection) was 6-mu-g/ml with a lower limit of detection, based on a 2:1 signal-to-noise ratio, of 0.15-mu-g (1-mu-g/ml). For cortisone (ultraviolet detection), the lower accurate limit was 0.6-mu-g/ml with a lower limit of 0.015-mu-g (0.1-mu-g/ml). The results show that after 44 h, 2037-mu-g/g cholesterol and 3131-mu-g/g cortisone were absorbed by the polyurethane. The method eliminates extensive sample manipulation and is sensitive to low levels of lipid in the presence of a high-molecular-mass synthetic polymer. RP DILLON, JG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR-BIOMED JI J. Chromatogr.-Biomed. Appl. PD DEC 6 PY 1991 VL 572 IS 1-2 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.1016/0378-4347(91)80471-N PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GY653 UT WOS:A1991GY65300004 PM 1818074 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI COMMUNICATING WITH PATIENTS ABOUT THEIR MEDICATIONS SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 8 TC 58 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 5 PY 1991 VL 325 IS 23 BP 1650 EP 1652 DI 10.1056/NEJM199112053252312 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GR770 UT WOS:A1991GR77000012 PM 1944456 ER PT J AU VUORIO, R HIRVAS, L RAYBOURNE, RB YU, DTY VAARA, M AF VUORIO, R HIRVAS, L RAYBOURNE, RB YU, DTY VAARA, M TI THE NUCLEOTIDE AND DEDUCED AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE OF THE CATIONIC 19 KDA OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN OMPH OF YERSINIA-PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA LA English DT Note DE BACTERIAL OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN OMPH; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; HUMAN HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN B-STAR-2701; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; (YERSINIA-PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS) ID SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HLA-B27; ANTIBODIES; CLONING; REACTS; GENE AB The OmpH proteins of enteric bacteria are recently described, small (16 kDa), cationic outer membrane proteins. Because a Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cell envelope protein of this size has been found to cross-react serologically with the human histocompatibility antigen HLA-B27 (B*2701), the sequence of Y. pseudotuberculosis OmpH was determined by sequencing the gene region which encodes mature OmpH. A protein consisting of 143 amino acid residues was found. It was 96% homologous with the OmpH of Y. enterocolitica and 62% homologous with that of Escherichia coli. Two separate OmpH regions had sequence similarity with B*2701; they were identical in both Yersinia species. C1 UNIV HELSINKI,DEPT BACTERIOL & IMMUNOL,HAARTMANINKATU 3,SF-00290 HELSINKI 29,FINLAND. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RI Vaara, Martti/D-1698-2013 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-3002 J9 BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA PD DEC 2 PY 1991 VL 1129 IS 1 BP 124 EP 126 DI 10.1016/0167-4781(91)90226-C PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GV925 UT WOS:A1991GV92500021 PM 1756172 ER PT J AU WITTEK, AE MITCHELL, CD ARMSTRONG, GR ALBINI, A MARTIN, GR SEEMANN, R LEVENBOOK, IS WIERENGA, DE RIDGE, J DUNLAP, RC LUNDQUIST, ML STEIS, RG LONGO, DL MULLER, J QUINNAN, GV AF WITTEK, AE MITCHELL, CD ARMSTRONG, GR ALBINI, A MARTIN, GR SEEMANN, R LEVENBOOK, IS WIERENGA, DE RIDGE, J DUNLAP, RC LUNDQUIST, ML STEIS, RG LONGO, DL MULLER, J QUINNAN, GV TI PROPAGATION AND PROPERTIES OF KAPOSIS SARCOMA-DERIVED CELL-LINES OBTAINED FROM PATIENTS WITH AIDS - SIMILARITY OF CULTURED-CELLS TO SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE KAPOSIS SARCOMA; AIDS; SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS; CULTIVATION INVITRO ID HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; VIII-RELATED ANTIGEN; LONG-TERM CULTURE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; INVASIVE ACTIVITY; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; GROWTH-FACTOR; IDENTIFICATION; MARKERS AB Cells derived from Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) were propagated in vitro using conditions which resulted in elimination of contaminating fibroblasts and the emergence of homogeneous cell populations which morphologically resembled smooth muscle cells and had neoplastic characteristics. In long-term culture, they differentiated into large ribbon-like cells with longitudinal fibrillarity of their cytoplasm. These fibrils stained red by Masson trichrome staining, and were reactive with antibodies to desmin. Dense bodies typical of myoblasts were observed in some cells by electron microscopy. The cells did not form capillary structures like endothelial cells, they lacked Weible-Palade bodies, and did not express the blood-clotting Factor VIII-related antigen or receptors for the lectin Ulex europaeus agglutinin I. They did express four other antigens, however, in common with endothelial cells. The cells did not form tumors in athymic nude mice; however, they formed colonies in soft agar, manifested tumor-like growth on muscle organ cultures, and were invasive in an artificial basement membrane invasion assay. The results indicate that a component of KS is closely related to leiomyoblasts and and has neoplastic properties. C1 NIDR,DEV BIOL & ANOMALIES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,PROD QUAL CONTROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES FACIL,DIV CANC TREATMENT,BIOL RESPONSE MODIFIERS PROGRAM,FREDERICK,MD 21701. NR 44 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD DEC PY 1991 VL 5 IS 12 BP 1485 EP 1493 DI 10.1097/00002030-199112000-00011 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA GW762 UT WOS:A1991GW76200011 PM 1814330 ER PT J AU PRINCE, AM REESINK, H PASCUAL, D HOROWITZ, B HEWLETT, I MURTHY, KK COBB, KE EICHBERG, JW AF PRINCE, AM REESINK, H PASCUAL, D HOROWITZ, B HEWLETT, I MURTHY, KK COBB, KE EICHBERG, JW TI PREVENTION OF HIV-INFECTION BY PASSIVE-IMMUNIZATION WITH HIV IMMUNOGLOBULIN SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MATERNAL ANTIBODIES; TRANSMISSION; CHIMPANZEES; CHALLENGE AB The use of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immune globulin (HIVIG) in prevention of HIV infection in chimpanzees was investigated in the hope of ultimate application to interruption of vertical transmission. In previous experiments, no protection was observed when relatively high challenge doses were used. This study shows that HIVIG protected against a challenge dose (10 CID50) tenfold lower than that used previously. The protected animal remained free of HIV infection as determined by cocultivation and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and did not mount a primary immune response detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and neutralization assays. These results imply that HIV vaccines should induce neutralizing antibody and may not need to induce cell-mediated immunity in order to be protective against exposure to HIV. They also provide an experimental basis for the conduct of clinical trials to evaluate prevention of maternal-infant transmission by HIVIG. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NETHERLANDS RED CROSS,CENT LAB,AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. SW FDN BIOMED RES,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP PRINCE, AM (reprint author), NEW YORK BLOOD CTR,LINDSLEY F KIMBALL RES INST,DEPT VIROL & PARASITOL,310 E 67TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HB-5-7007, N01-HB-7-7029] NR 10 TC 192 Z9 193 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 7 IS 12 BP 971 EP 973 DI 10.1089/aid.1991.7.971 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA GW624 UT WOS:A1991GW62400002 PM 1812946 ER PT J AU OLSON, MC RAMAKRISHNAN, S ANAND, R AF OLSON, MC RAMAKRISHNAN, S ANAND, R TI RIBOSOMAL INHIBITORY PROTEINS FROM PLANTS INHIBIT HIV-1 REPLICATION IN ACUTELY INFECTED PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID RICIN-A-CHAIN; SYNDROME AIDS; T-CELLS; TRICHOSANTHIN; RETROVIRUS; INVITRO; ALPHA AB Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from seronegative donors were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and then infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Using this experimental system, the antiviral activity of two translation inhibitory proteins (pokeweed antiviral protein, PAP-S, and Luffa ribosomal inhibitory protein, LRIP-I) isolated from plants and a recombinant form of ricin A chain were studied. Previously, it had been shown that toxin polypeptides linked to monoclonal antibodies could inhibit HIV-infected cells. In the present study, the free, unconjugated, proteins were found to inhibit HIV replication at doses in which they were nontoxic to uninfected peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Among the inhibitory proteins, PAP-S and recombinant ricin A chain markedly reduced the reverse transcriptase activity and the expression of p24 core protein in infected cultures. Dose response studies indicate that the anti-HIV activity of PAP-S was comparable to AZT. The other ribosome inhibitory proteins (RIPs) showed moderate but significant antiviral activity. C1 NIAID,AIDS REVIEW SECT,DEA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,CBER,FDA,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-48068] NR 27 TC 27 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 7 IS 12 BP 1025 EP 1030 DI 10.1089/aid.1991.7.1025 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA GW624 UT WOS:A1991GW62400010 PM 1725958 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH HOFFMAN, FA AF RHEINSTEIN, PH HOFFMAN, FA TI UPDATE ON BREAST IMPLANTS SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD DEC PY 1991 VL 44 IS 6 BP 2227 EP 2229 PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GU879 UT WOS:A1991GU87900024 PM 1746397 ER PT J AU FRASCH, CE HINER, EE GROSS, TP AF FRASCH, CE HINER, EE GROSS, TP TI HAEMOPHILUS-B DISEASE AFTER VACCINATION WITH HAEMOPHILUS-B POLYSACCHARIDE OR CONJUGATE VACCINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DISEASES OF CHILDREN LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; MENINGITIS; MINNESOTA; SPECTRUM AB The reported frequency of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease occurring within 1 year after immunization was compared in American children who received either Praxis Biologics' Haemophilus b polysaccharide vaccine or Connaught Laboratories' Haemophilus b conjugate vaccine during the first year of distribution. All domestic cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration or the Centers for Disease Control were included in the study. An estimated 4.5 million and 2.0 million doses of polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines were administered, respectively. Approximately three cases of early-onset disease (disease developing less than 15 days after vaccination) per million doses were reported for the polysaccharide compared with four cases per million doses for the conjugate vaccine. There were 30.7 reported vaccine failures per million doses of the polysaccharide vaccine compared with 9.0 per million doses of the conjugate vaccine, a 3.4-fold difference. The reporting rate ratios (cases of vaccine failure to cases of early-onset disease) for the polysaccharide and conjugate were 11.5 and 2.3, respectively, a fivefold difference. Thus, compared with recipients of the polysaccharide vaccine, vaccine failures reported among recipients of the conjugate vaccine were 80% fewer than expected. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP FRASCH, CE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,HFB-640,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0002-922X J9 AM J DIS CHILD JI Am. J. Dis. Child. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 145 IS 12 BP 1379 EP 1382 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA GZ350 UT WOS:A1991GZ35000012 PM 1669664 ER PT J AU QUINNAN, GV AF QUINNAN, GV TI LICENSING OF ALLERGEN PATCH TESTS SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP QUINNAN, GV (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 0003-4738 J9 ANN ALLERGY JI Ann. Allergy PD DEC PY 1991 VL 67 IS 6 BP 550 EP 551 PG 2 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA GW219 UT WOS:A1991GW21900002 PM 1750716 ER PT J AU SCRIBNER, C HOFFMAN, T NOGUCHI, P AF SCRIBNER, C HOFFMAN, T NOGUCHI, P TI THE DEVELOPMENT OF MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO ANTIBODY IMMUNOCONJUGATES AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD CONF ON RADIOIMMUNODETECTION AND RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER CY NOV 14-17, 1990 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP CTR MOLEC MED & IMMUNOL, JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR, AMER COLL RADIOL, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB, BURROUGHS WELLCOME, DOW CHEM, IMMUNOMEDICS, ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON PHARM RES INST, ORGANON TEKNIKA, SORIN BIOMEDICA C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL RES & EVALUAT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0892-7049 J9 ANTIBODY IMMUNOCONJ JI Antib. Immunoconjug. Radiopharm. PD WIN PY 1991 VL 4 IS 4 BP 795 EP 797 PG 3 WC Immunology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Immunology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HT510 UT WOS:A1991HT51000050 ER PT J AU MCPHEARSON, RM DEPAOLA, A ZYWNO, SR MOTES, ML GUARINO, AM AF MCPHEARSON, RM DEPAOLA, A ZYWNO, SR MOTES, ML GUARINO, AM TI ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE IN GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA FROM CULTURED CATFISH AND AQUACULTURE PONDS SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article AB The incidence of antibiotic resistance was compared in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the intestinal tracts of catfish and from water and sediment in aquaculture ponds and rivers of the south-eastern United States. Resistance to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, ampicillin, and nitrofurantoin was determined. The predominating microflora were Plesiomonas shigelloides and Aeromonas hydrophila. Individual and multiple antibiotic resistances were associated with antimicrobial use. Resistance apparently was higher in ponds undergoing antimicrobial therapy or with a history of recent treatment than in ponds without recent antimicrobial treatment. The lowest incidence of resistance was found in riverine bacteria. RP MCPHEARSON, RM (reprint author), USFDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 22 TC 84 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD DEC PY 1991 VL 99 IS 3-4 BP 203 EP 211 DI 10.1016/0044-8486(91)90241-X PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA GU210 UT WOS:A1991GU21000001 ER PT J AU KIJAK, PJ LEADBETTER, MG THOMAS, MH THOMPSON, EA AF KIJAK, PJ LEADBETTER, MG THOMAS, MH THOMPSON, EA TI CONFIRMATION OF OXYTETRACYCLINE, TETRACYCLINE AND CHLORTETRACYCLINE RESIDUES IN MILK BY PARTICLE BEAM LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB A method using particle beam liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was developed for the confirmation of oxytetracycline, tetracycline and chlortetracycline residues in bovine milk. This method is one of the first to apply particle beam technology to the confirmation of animal drug residues in food products for regulatory purposes. The milk is centrifuged, using molecular weight cut-off filters to remove components of 25 000 daltons and above from the milk. The filtrate is passed through a C-18 sample preparation cartridge which retains the tetracyclines. After the columns are washed with water, the tetracyclines are eluted with 0.1 M oxalic acid in methanol and concentrated. The compounds are separated on a Novapak C-18 column with a methanol-oxalic acid-acetonitrile mobile phase. Negative chemical ionization with selective ion monitoring is used to identify the tetracyclines. The procedure was used to confirm the presence of each tetracycline at 100 ng ml-1 in fortified and incurred milk samples. RP KIJAK, PJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV VET MED RES,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 14 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1052-9306 J9 BIOL MASS SPECTROM JI Biol. Mass Spectrom. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 20 IS 12 BP 789 EP 795 DI 10.1002/bms.1200201208 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Spectroscopy GA GT194 UT WOS:A1991GT19400007 PM 1812989 ER PT J AU SENG, JE LEAKEY, JE ARLOTTO, MP PARKINSON, A GANDY, J AF SENG, JE LEAKEY, JE ARLOTTO, MP PARKINSON, A GANDY, J TI CELLULAR-LOCALIZATION OF CYTOCHROME P450IIA1 IN TESTES OF MATURE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article ID LIVER MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-450; EPOXIDE HYDROLASE; PURIFIED FORMS; LEYDIG-CELLS; ISOZYMES; TESTOSTERONE; METABOLISM; INDUCTION; 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZANTHRACENE; 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE AB Previous studies have shown that a prominent site of extrahepatic cytochrome P450IIA1 in male rats is the testis. We investigated the cellular location of cytochrome P450IIA1 in the testes of adult rats. Using specific isolation of testicular compartments and individual cell types, as well as in vivo removal of Leydig cells by ethane dimethyl sulfonate, we determined the cellular location of cytochrome P450IIA1 using testosterone hydroxylation assay, Western immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical analysis. Enriched Leydig cell fractions had the greatest testosterone 7-alpha-hydroxylase activity as well as immunoreactivity. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that the cellular location of cytochrome P450IIA1 was specific to Leydig cells. The specific localization of enzyme systems that are involved in xenobiotic activation may have important implications for inducing specific cell toxicity by compounds that exert their effects in the testes. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,4301 W MARKHAM,SLOT 638,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,CTR ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH,KANSAS CITY,KS 66103. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES00166, ES05318, ES03765] NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 45 IS 6 BP 876 EP 882 DI 10.1095/biolreprod45.6.876 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA GR668 UT WOS:A1991GR66800011 PM 1805990 ER PT J AU SAHU, SC WASHINGTON, MC AF SAHU, SC WASHINGTON, MC TI EFFECTS OF ANTIOXIDANTS ON QUERCETIN-INDUCED NUCLEAR-DNA DAMAGE AND LIPID-PEROXIDATION SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE QUERCETIN; ANTIOXIDANTS; FLAVONOIDS; DNA DAMAGE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; OXYGEN RADICALS ID DIALLYL SULFIDE; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; TUMOR PROMOTION; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; STRAND BREAKS; RATS; CARCINOGENESIS; FLAVONOIDS; GLUTATHIONE AB The effects of catalase, superoxide dismutase, mannitol, glutathione, and diallyl sulfide on quercetin-induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation were investigated in a model system of isolated rat-liver nuclei under aerobic conditions and in the presence of equimolar iron or copper. Mannitol produced a small but significant inhibition of the concurrent nuclear DNA damage and lipid peroxidation induced by quercetin in the presence of iron or copper. Catalase significantly decreased quercetin-induced nuclear DNA damage only in the presence of iron and had no significant effect on lipid peroxidation. Superoxide dismutase showed no significant effect on nuclear DNA damage, but stimulated the quercetin-induced lipid peroxidation only in the presence of copper. Glutathione significantly inhibited the nuclear lipid peroxidation but enhanced the DNA damage. Diallyl sulfide significantly enhanced the nuclear DNA damage but stimulated the lipid peroxidation only in the presence of iron. These results suggest that the reactive oxygen species, especially the hydroxyl radicals, are responsible for the concurrent lipid peroxidation and DNA damage induced by quercetin in the presence of iron or copper in isolated rat-liver nuclei. RP SAHU, SC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,MOLEC TOXICOL LAB HFF-162,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 41 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 1991 VL 60 IS 3 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1016/0304-3835(91)90122-X PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GN871 UT WOS:A1991GN87100011 PM 1756517 ER PT J AU PEPE, S TORTORA, G NOGUCHI, PD MARTI, GE WASHINGTON, GC CHOCHUNG, YS AF PEPE, S TORTORA, G NOGUCHI, PD MARTI, GE WASHINGTON, GC CHOCHUNG, YS TI EFFECTS OF 8-CHLOROADENOSINE 3',5'-MONOPHOSPHATE AND N6-BENZYL-CYCLIC ADENOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE ON CELL-CYCLE KINETICS OF HL-60 LEUKEMIA-CELLS SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASES; SELECTIVE CAMP ANALOGS; AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; GROWTH-CONTROL; BINDING-SITES; AMP ANALOGS; REGULATORY SUBUNIT; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION AB Site-selective cyclic AMP (cAMP) analogues have been shown to inhibit growth and induce differentiation in several human leukemia cell lines. However, detailed studies of the effects exerted by cAMP analogues on cell cycle kinetics have been lacking. We have examined the effects of 8-Cl-cAMP and N6-benzyl-cAMP on the cell cycle kinetics of the HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell line. A cell cycle study was performed by univariate DNA analysis after 24-72 h of treatment with noncytotoxic concentrations of 8-Cl-cAMP and N6-benzyl-cAMP capable of inducing 50-60% growth inhibition in these cells. HL-60 cells treated with 5-mu-m 8-Cl-cAMP showed no significant change in the cell distribution in the cycle as compared to the untreated control cells, whereas the treatment with 10-mu-M N6-benzyl-cAMP transiently increased the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase after 48 h, followed by a partial recovery at 72 h. Combined treatment with low doses of 8-Cl-cAMP and N6-benzyl-cAMP, each of which alone produced 20% growth inhibition, exerted a growth inhibitory effect of 65% and delayed increase of the G0/G1 phase by 72 h. To better understand the cell cycle effects induced by 8-Cl-cAMP, flow cytometric analysis of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation was also performed. 8-Cl-cAMP treatment exhibited a slowing down of the cell cycle; thus, the delayed appearance of the G0/G1 cell accumulation after combined treatment could be due to this effect of 8-Cl-cAMP on the HL-60 cell cycle. At a toxic dose, 8-Cl-cAMP brought about a G2M block, whereas N6-benzl-cAMP brought about an increase of the G0/G1 compartment. G2M block produced by toxic doses of 8-Cl-cAMP was not related to its adenosine metabolite since 8-Cl-adenosine did not produce any specific block in the cell cycle. Our results show, for the first time, that these site-selective cAMP analogues could affect cell cycle kinetics at different points. These data may provide the basis for combination treatments involving cAMP analogues and other agents in the treatment of human leukemia. C1 NCI,CELLULAR BIOCHEM SECT,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 5B38,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL RES & EVALUAT,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD DEC 1 PY 1991 VL 51 IS 23 BP 6263 EP 6267 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GR475 UT WOS:A1991GR47500009 PM 1657383 ER PT J AU THORNTONMANNING, JR SMITH, BA BELAND, FA HEFLICH, RH AF THORNTONMANNING, JR SMITH, BA BELAND, FA HEFLICH, RH TI S9-MEDIATED METABOLISM OF 1-NITROPYRENE TO A MUTAGEN IN CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS BY RING-OXIDATION UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS AND BY NITROREDUCTION UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID NITROPOLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; P-32-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; MICROSOMAL METABOLITES; REDUCTIVE METABOLISM; CYTO-TOXICITY; LIVER; INVITRO AB Both nitroreduction and ring-oxidation appear to be important pathways for the in vivo metabolic activation of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), a tumorigenic environmental contaminant. Previous studies, however, suggest that ring-oxidation is primarily responsible for the S9-mediated mutagenicity of 1-NP in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In this study, an anaerobic rat liver S9 metabolizing system was used to facilitate the nitroreduction of 1-NP to a mutagen in repair-proficient CHO-K1-BH4 cells and excision-repair-deficient CHO-UV5 cells, and results using this system were compared with those obtained from the aerobic S9 metabolism of 1-NP. Anaerobic S9 metabolism of 2.5-15-mu-g/ml of 1-NP produced 15 +/- 3 mutants/10(6) cells/mu-g 1-NP/ml with CHO-UV5 cells and 3 +/- 1 mutants/10(6) cells/mu-g 1-NP/ml with CHO-K1-BH4 cells (different at P < 0.001). When the assays were conducted with CHO-K1-BH4 cells, the number of mutants produced by 1-NP using aerobic treatment conditions was similar to that found using anaerobic conditions. In contrast, the aerobic incubations resulted in significantly fewer 1-NP-induced mutants than the anaerobic treatments when the assays were conducted with CHO-UV5 cells. Examination of the metabolites produced during these incubations indicated that under anaerobic conditions 1-NP was efficiently converted to 1-aminopyrene, while aerobic metabolism resulted in the formation of 1-NP phenols and dihydrodiols. DNA adduct analysis by P-32-postlabeling revealed that 1-NP treatment using the anaerobic procedure produced CHO-cell adducts by the reduction of 1-NP to N-hydroxy-1-aminopyrene, while aerobic incubations resulted in adducts produced by other metabolic pathways, probably involving ring-oxidation. These findings indicate that the S9-mediated metabolism of 1-NP under anaerobic conditions produces mutations and DNA adducts in CHO cells that are the result of nitroreductive metabolism. The results with aerobic S9 metabolism were consistent with the previous conclusion that this system mediated the mutagenicity of 1-NP in CHO cells mainly through the generation of ring-oxidized metabolites. The combination of the anaerobic and aerobic S9 metabolism procedures provides a new approach for evaluating the mutagenicity of nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mammalian cells. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HEFLICH, RH (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD DEC PY 1991 VL 12 IS 12 BP 2317 EP 2323 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.12.2317 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GV518 UT WOS:A1991GV51800020 PM 1747934 ER PT J AU HARRIS, KL AF HARRIS, KL TI SOMETIMES WASHINGTON IS LIKE THAT SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US AGCY INT DEV,WASHINGTON,DC 20523. RP HARRIS, KL (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD DEC PY 1991 VL 36 IS 12 BP 1003 EP 1003 PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA GU792 UT WOS:A1991GU79200004 ER PT J AU SANATHANAN, LP PECK, CC AF SANATHANAN, LP PECK, CC TI THE RANDOMIZED CONCENTRATION-CONTROLLED TRIAL - AN EVALUATION OF ITS SAMPLE-SIZE EFFICIENCY SO CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article DE RANDOMIZED CONCENTRATION-CONTROLLED TRIAL; PHARMACOKINETIC VARIABILITY; PHARMACODYNAMIC VARIABILITY; STATISTICAL MODELS; EFFICIENCY; THEORETICAL/SIMULATION RESULTS ID SERUM AB A randomized concentration-controlled trial.(RCCT) is one in which subjects are randomly assigned to predetermined levels of average plasma drug concentration. These target concentrations can be achieved (within reasonable ranges) by an individualized pharmacokinetically controlled dosing scheme. The RCCT is designed to minimize the interindividual pharmacokinetic (PK) variability within comparison groups and consequently decrease the variability in clinical response within these groups. In this paper, we investigate the extent of improvement in sample size efficiency that can be gained from the RCCT design in comparison to the traditional randomized dose-controlled trial (RDCT) design. Our investigations involve both theoretical arguments and simulation studies, illustrated with data on PK and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of the antiasthma drug theophylline. Aside from safety concerns that strongly suggest the use of RCCT for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, sample size considerations favor the choice of RCCT in many situations, as shown in this paper. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 12 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0197-2456 J9 CONTROL CLIN TRIALS JI Controlled Clin. Trials PD DEC PY 1991 VL 12 IS 6 BP 780 EP 794 DI 10.1016/0197-2456(91)90041-J PG 15 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GZ413 UT WOS:A1991GZ41300008 PM 1665119 ER PT J AU BENZ, RD IRAUSQUIN, H AF BENZ, RD IRAUSQUIN, H TI PRIORITY-BASED ASSESSMENT OF FOOD-ADDITIVES DATABASE OF THE UNITED-STATES-FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION CENTER FOR FOOD SAFETY AND APPLIED NUTRITION SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID TOXICITY PARAMETERS AB The priority-based assessment of food additives (PAFA) is a database maintained by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. PAFA contains extensive administrative, chemical, and toxicological information on 1685 regulated direct food additives. The database also has limited administrative and chemical information on an additional 1236 direct additives. The total 2921 substances represent everything added to food in the United States. PAFA contains up to 150 different kinds of information about each chemical. Administrative and chemical information includes Chemical Abstracts Service Registry numbers, Code of Federal Regulations citations, the annual usage and estimated daily U.S. human consumption, the Joint Committee on Food Additives Allowable Daily Intakes, the FDA Redbook structure categories of the chemicals, and their technical effects. Toxicology information shows the type of studies done for each chemical, the species of animals tested, the toxicological effects observed and the sites where they were seen, the lowest doses that cause a toxicological effect in each study, a source citation, and other types of related information. RP BENZ, RD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW & EVALUAT,HFF-156,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 96 BP 85 EP 89 DI 10.2307/3431214 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA HT428 UT WOS:A1991HT42800016 PM 1820284 ER PT J AU TABAK, ER MULLEN, PD SIMONSMORTON, DG GREEN, LW MAINS, DA EILATGREENBERG, S FRANKOWSKI, RF GLENDAY, MC AF TABAK, ER MULLEN, PD SIMONSMORTON, DG GREEN, LW MAINS, DA EILATGREENBERG, S FRANKOWSKI, RF GLENDAY, MC TI DEFINITION AND YIELD OF INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR A METAANALYSIS OF PATIENT EDUCATION STUDIES IN CLINICAL PREVENTIVE SERVICES SO EVALUATION & THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIALS; INTERVENTIONS C1 UNIV TEXAS,SCH PUBL HLTH,CTR HLTH PROMOT RES & DEV,POB 20186,HOUSTON,TX 77036. CITY DALLAS HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DALLAS,TX. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. TEL AVIV UNIV,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. FU AHRQ HHS [HS05959-01]; NHLBI NIH HHS [5T32 HL07555-04] NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE SCIENCE PRESS PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0163-2787 J9 EVAL HEALTH PROF JI Eval. Health Prof. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 14 IS 4 BP 388 EP 411 DI 10.1177/016327879101400402 PG 24 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA GR982 UT WOS:A1991GR98200002 PM 10120958 ER PT J AU PLAKAS, SM LOVELAND, PM BAILEY, GS BLAZER, VS WILSON, GL AF PLAKAS, SM LOVELAND, PM BAILEY, GS BLAZER, VS WILSON, GL TI TISSUE DISPOSITION AND EXCRETION OF C-14-LABELED AFLATOXIN B-1 AFTER ORAL-ADMINISTRATION IN CHANNEL CATFISH SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; RAINBOW-TROUT; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; RENAL EXCRETION; METABOLISM; BINDING AB The pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of C-14-labelled aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were examined after oral administration (250-mu-g/kg body weight) in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Plasma concentrations of parent AFB1 were best described by a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, in which peak plasma concentration (503 ppb) occurred at 4.1 hr after dosing. The absorption and elimination half-lives were 1.5 and 3.7 hr, respectively. AFB1 was highly bound (95%) to plasma proteins. Concentrations of C-14 (in AFB1 equivalents) measured in the tissues were highest at 4 hr, ranging from 596 ppb in the plasma to 40 ppb in the muscle. AFB1 residues were rapidly depleted; at 24 hr the concentrations in the plasma and muscle were 32 and < 5 ppb, respectively. Concentrations in the bile exceeded 2000 ppb (at 24 hr), whereas the highest concentration in the urine was 51 ppb (4-6-hr collection interval). Renal and biliary excretion accounted for < 5% of the administered dose, indicating incomplete absorption. Pharmacokinetic modelling and tissue data demonstrate a very low potential for the accumulation of AFB1 and its metabolites in the edible flesh of channel catfish through the consumption of AFB1-contaminated feed. C1 UNIV SO ALABAMA,COLL MED,MOBILE,AL 36688. OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. UNIV GEORGIA,WILDLIFE SERV,COOPERAT FISH & WILDLIFE UNIT,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP PLAKAS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SEAFOOD RES,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 29 IS 12 BP 805 EP 808 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(91)90106-H PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA GY740 UT WOS:A1991GY74000002 PM 1765324 ER PT J AU HSU, HH GONZALEZ, M FOUNG, SKH FEINSTONE, SM GREENBERG, HB AF HSU, HH GONZALEZ, M FOUNG, SKH FEINSTONE, SM GREENBERG, HB TI ANTIBODIES TO HEPATITIS-C VIRUS IN LOW-RISK BLOOD-DONORS - IMPLICATIONS FOR COUNSELING POSITIVE DONORS SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article C1 STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,STANFORD,CA 94305. US FDA,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP HSU, HH (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,DIV GASTROENTEROL,154-C,3801 MIRANDA AVE,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38707, DKO7056] NR 8 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD DEC PY 1991 VL 101 IS 6 BP 1724 EP 1727 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GT007 UT WOS:A1991GT00700035 PM 1720106 ER PT J AU WELDER, AA GRANT, R BRADLAW, J ACOSTA, D AF WELDER, AA GRANT, R BRADLAW, J ACOSTA, D TI A PRIMARY CULTURE SYSTEM OF ADULT-RAT HEART-CELLS FOR THE STUDY OF TOXICOLOGIC AGENTS SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CARDIOTOXICITY; AMITRIPTYLINE; ADULT CARDIAC CELL CULTURE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE RELEASE; BEATING RATES; MORPHOLOGY ID CARDIAC-MUSCLE-CELLS; MYOCARDIAL-CELLS; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS; MYOCYTES; CARDIOTOXICITY; INVITRO; CALCIUM AB Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are currently used in the treatment of mental depression and nocturnal enuresis. Clinically, these drugs are useful; however, cardiotoxicity can occur even with therapeutic dosages. For example, TCAs are known to alter myocardial function, induce arrhythmias, and produce heart block in individuals with a normal cardiovascular history. The present study was undertaken to establish a culture system of spontaneously contracting adult primary myocardial cells for toxicologic testing and to examine their contractility, morphology, and lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH) after treatment with one of the most cardiotoxic TCAs, amitriptyline. Primary myocardial cell culture-s were obtained from approximately 60- to 90-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats. After the cells had been grown in culture for 11 days, they were treated with amitriptyline (1 X 10(-3), 1 X 10(-4), and 1 X 10(-5) M) for 2 to 24 h. The highest concentration of amitriptyline (1 X 10(-3) M) completely destroyed the cardiac muscle cells. In addition to moderate and severe vacuole, granule, and pseudopodia formation, all contractile activity was inhibited as early as 2 h after exposure to the intermediate concentration of 1 X 10(-4) M amitriptyline. Significant LDH release did not occur until 8 h after treatment with this intermediate concentration. Even though there was no significant LDH release at all 3 time points tested, there was a 50% decrease in beating activity (154 +/- 9 to 77 +/- 5 beats/min) and initiation of vacuole formation by 2 h with the lowest concentration of amitriptyline (1 X 10(-5) M). This study presents a new apparatus for the isolation of adult cardiac myocytes for the establishment of primary cell cultures for toxicologic testing. Furthermore, these data demonstrate that amitriptyline induces a concentration- and time-dependent cardiotoxic profile in a model of spontaneously contracting adult cardiac muscle cells in culture. C1 UNIV TEXAS,COLL PHARM,DIV PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,AUSTIN,TX 78712. UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,COLL PHARM,DIV MED CHEM & PHARMACODYNAM,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 23 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC IN VITRO BIOLOGY PI COLUMBIA PA 8815 CENTRE PARK DR,STE 210, COLUMBIA, MD 21045 SN 0073-5655 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV B PD DEC PY 1991 VL 27 IS 12 BP 921 EP 926 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA GX749 UT WOS:A1991GX74900005 ER PT J AU ARAKERE, G FRASCH, CE AF ARAKERE, G FRASCH, CE TI SPECIFICITY OF ANTIBODIES TO O-ACETYL-POSITIVE AND O-ACETYL-NEGATIVE GROUP-C MENINGOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDES IN SERA FROM VACCINEES AND CARRIERS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MURINE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; DISEASE; IMMUNOGENICITY; PROTECTION AB Most group C Neisseria meningitidis strains produce an O-acetyl-positive polysaccharide, a homopolymer of alpha-2 --> 9-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid with O-acetyl groups at the C-7 and C-8 of its sialic acid residues. The majority of disease isolates have been reported to contain this polysaccharide. Some strains produce group C polysaccharide lacking O-acetyl groups. The licensed vaccine contains the O-acetyl-positive polysaccharide. We have measured the antibody specificities to the two polysaccharides in sera from asymptomatic group C meningococcal carriers and vaccinated adults by a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure using methylated human serum albumin for coating the group C polysaccharide onto microtiter plates. Inhibition of binding of serum antibodies to polysaccharide-coated plates was measured by ELISA after incubation with O-acetyl-positive and O-acetyl-negative group C polysaccharides. Greater inhibition of binding of carrier sera was observed with the homologous polysaccharide. There was substantial inhibition of binding of vaccine sera to the O-acetyl-positive polysaccharide-coated plate following preincubation with O-acetyl-positive polysaccharide, but homologous inhibition on plates coated with the O-acetyl-negative polysaccharide required much higher concentrations of polysaccharide. Carrier sera may have a higher proportion of antibodies with greater specificity for the O-acetyl-negative polysaccharide, while vaccine sera contain antibodies with greater affinity for the O-acetyl-negative polysaccharide. Studies with monoclonal antibodies specific for O-acetyl-positive and O-acetyl-negative polysaccharides reveal that the percentage of group C meningococcal disease caused by O-acetyl-negative strains remains about 15%, as found over 15 years ago. RP ARAKERE, G (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 28 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 59 IS 12 BP 4349 EP 4356 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA GR214 UT WOS:A1991GR21400009 PM 1937795 ER PT J AU HAMILTON, DR THOMAS, AW PIJAR, ML AF HAMILTON, DR THOMAS, AW PIJAR, ML TI USER REPORTING UNDER THE SAFE MEDICAL DEVICES ACT OF 1990 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOASSAY LA English DT Article DE SAFE MEDICAL DEVICES ACT; USER REPORTING AB The enactment of the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 will have an impact on clinical laboratory professionals. A section of the Act will require medical device user facilities to report serious medical device problems to the manufacturer and/or the Food and Drug Administration. In vitro kits, including immunoassays and associated instrumentation, are considered to be medical devices. Information on the user reporting sections and additional sections of the Act are described. RP HAMILTON, DR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF TRAINING & ASSISTANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLINICAL LIGAND ASSAY SOC PI WAYNE PA 3139 S WAYNE RD, WAYNE, MI 48184 SN 0736-4393 J9 J CLIN IMMUNOASSAY JI J. Clin. Immunoass. PD WIN PY 1991 VL 14 IS 4 BP 222 EP 226 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA GX366 UT WOS:A1991GX36600004 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SL BERMUDEZ, L CHAPARAS, SD AF MORRIS, SL BERMUDEZ, L CHAPARAS, SD TI MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM COMPLEX DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH AIDS - SEROREACTIVITY TO NATIVE AND RECOMBINANT MYCOBACTERIAL ANTIGENS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PROTEIN ANTIGENS; INFECTION; INTRACELLULARE; TUBERCULOSIS; LEPROSY; AMPLIFICATION; MICE AB Antibodies to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) antigens were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoblot analyses in sera from 20 patients with AIDS and disseminated MAC disease, 5 human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative patients with pulmonary MAC infections, and 20 healthy controls. Whereas enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers for healthy controls and patients with AIDS and MAC disease were comparable, human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative patients with MAC disease had higher anti-MAC antibody titers (P < 0.01). Immunoblot analysis with the same sonic extracts indicated that each of the three groups had a limited heterogeneous response to M. avium antigens. No significant differences in immunoblot reactivities were detected. However, immunoblot studies with recombinant nontuberculous mycobacterial antigens revealed that sera from over 90% of the patients with MAC disease and only 25% of controls recognized a recombinant protein derived from a 35-kDa mycobacterial antigen. Although sonic extracts did not permit adequate discrimination of antibody reactivity in patients with MAC disease, recombinant antigens may be useful as indicators of disease. C1 KUZELL INST ARTHRIT & INFECT DIS,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94115. RP MORRIS, SL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 31 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2715 EP 2719 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GP884 UT WOS:A1991GP88400007 PM 1757538 ER PT J AU HICKMANBRENNER, FW STUBBS, AD FARMER, JJ AF HICKMANBRENNER, FW STUBBS, AD FARMER, JJ TI PHAGE TYPING OF SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TYPHI; STRAINS; TYPHIMURIUM; TYPE-4 AB The number of reported isolates of Salmonella enteritidis has increased dramatically in the last 10 years. For many years phage typing has been a useful epidemiologic tool for studying outbreaks of S. typhi and S. typhimurium. In 1987, Ward et al. (L. R. Ward, J. De Sa, and B. Rowe, Epidemiol. Infect. 99:291-294, 1987) described a phage typing scheme for S. enteritidis. This system differentiated 27 phage types by use of 10 typing phages. With these phages, we typed 573 strains of S. enteritidis from humans (42 outbreaks), animals, food, and the environment. Ninety-six percent of the strains were typeable. The most common phage types were 8 (48.2%), 13a (20.1%), 13 (7.8%), and 14b (7.8%). Most of the strains were specifically collected from egg-related outbreaks in the northeastern United States in 1988 and 1989, probably accounting for the distribution of the four most common types in this sample. This system was particularly useful for differentiating a group of animal strains that had a number of diverse phage types. For 49 animal strains typed, 16 different patterns were obtained. Phage type 8 represented 32% of these strains, but no other phage type represented more than 8% of these strains. One-half of the 16 animal strains that were phage type 8 were from poultry. This phage typing system will be useful for comparing phage types found in the United States with those types encountered worldwide and for determining whether virulent strains of phage type 4 are entering the United States. Additional phage typing systems as well as molecular techniques are being studied to determine whether they can differentiate strains of phage types 8 and 13a. C1 US FDA,SE REG LAB,ATLANTA,GA 30309. RP HICKMANBRENNER, FW (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,ENTER DIS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 21 TC 109 Z9 115 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2817 EP 2823 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA GP884 UT WOS:A1991GP88400026 PM 1757554 ER PT J AU OSHAUGHNESSY, JA WITTES, RE BURKE, G FRIEDMAN, MA JOHNSON, JR NIEDERHUBER, JE ROTHENBERG, ML WOODCOCK, J CHABNER, BA TEMPLE, R AF OSHAUGHNESSY, JA WITTES, RE BURKE, G FRIEDMAN, MA JOHNSON, JR NIEDERHUBER, JE ROTHENBERG, ML WOODCOCK, J CHABNER, BA TEMPLE, R TI COMMENTARY CONCERNING DEMONSTRATION OF SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF INVESTIGATIONAL ANTICANCER AGENTS IN CLINICAL-TRIALS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP OSHAUGHNESSY, JA (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC TREATMENT,BLDG 10,ROOM 12N226,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 62 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 9 IS 12 BP 2225 EP 2232 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GT515 UT WOS:A1991GT51500021 PM 1960563 ER PT J AU LIPICKY, R AF LIPICKY, R TI THE UNITED-STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION GUIDELINES ON AMBULATORY BLOOD-PRESSURE MONITORING SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS MEETING ON TWENTY-FOUR-HOUR AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING / 1991 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRITISH HYPERTENSION SOC CY SEP 23, 1991 CL DUBLIN, IRELAND SP BRIT HYPERTENS SOC, ICI PHARMA DE GUIDELINES; EFFICACY; DECISION-MAKING; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS AB The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not require the use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the evaluation of antihypertensive drug efficacy. It has not so far been found useful in decision-making and there is no consensus on its use. As more ambulatory blood pressure data accumulate, however, there may be a role for this technique in helping to solve particular problems in evaluating the effects of antihypertensive drugs. RP LIPICKY, R (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKFIELD,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0263-6352 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 9 SU 8 BP S59 EP S59 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HD149 UT WOS:A1991HD14900020 PM 1795204 ER PT J AU SAXON, A KURBELEAMER, M BEHLE, K MAX, EE ZHANG, K AF SAXON, A KURBELEAMER, M BEHLE, K MAX, EE ZHANG, K TI INHIBITION OF HUMAN IGE PRODUCTION VIA FC-EPSILON-R-II STIMULATION RESULTS FROM A DECREASE IN THE MESSENGER-RNA FOR SECRETED BUT NOT MEMBRANE-EPSILON H-CHAINS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID B-CELLS; T-CELLS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; EXPRESSION; INVITRO; DNA; INTERLEUKIN-4; TRANSCRIPTS; HYBRIDOMAS; POLYMERASE AB We have previously shown, using IgE-anti-IgE immune complexes or mAb directed against CD23, that ongoing production of secreted IgE from the human plasma cell line AF-10 can be inhibited via the low affinity FcR for IgE (CD23). Changes occurring in the various forms of epsilon-messenger RNA (epsilon-mRNA) during this suppression were investigated. mRNA levels of lambda-L chain were also assessed as well as beta-actin controls. Changes in membrane IgE and secreted IgE and lambda-protein were simultaneously measured. Using a genomic probe corresponding to the human epsilon-C region domains, three sets of epsilon-mRNA bands were identified (2.1, 3.0, and 3.8 kb). Only the largest of these (3.8 kb) contained the full epsilon-membrane sequence and coded for true membrane epsilon-protein. The 2.1-kb species of epsilon-mRNA contained no membrane sequence and coded for classical secreted epsilon-protein. The intermediate epsilon-mRNA species (3.0 kb) was shown to contain membrane sequence but did not contain the full epsilon-membrane sequence. The product of this mRNA would, in fact, function as a secreted protein. When IgE production by AF-10 cells was suppressed via Fc-epsilon-R-II, there was a 50% fall in the steady state levels of both forms of mRNA (2.1 and 3.0 kb) that code for secreted epsilon-protein. Similarly, there was a fall in lambda-mRNA corresponding to the observed decrease in free lambda-secretion. In marked contrast, levels of both membrane IgE protein and mRNA coding for membrane-epsilon were unaltered on the suppressed AF-10 cells. These data suggest that inhibition of IgE production via FC-epsilon-R-II is related to a fall in mRNA for secreted proteins (epsilon and lambda) and probably reflects a post-transcriptional mechanism effecting mRNA for secreted vs membrane protein mRNA. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SAXON, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL ALLERGY,HART & LOUISE LYON LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-12800]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-15251, AI-15332] NR 34 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 1 PY 1991 VL 147 IS 11 BP 4000 EP 4006 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA GQ837 UT WOS:A1991GQ83700048 PM 1834745 ER PT J AU SOBOTKA, TJ AF SOBOTKA, TJ TI SCREENING FOR NEUROTOXICITY - APPLICATION IN THE TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF REGULATED FOOD CHEMICALS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORAL INDEXES; RISK ASSESSMENT; RATS; TOXICITY; BATTERY RP SOBOTKA, TJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 10 IS 6 BP 671 EP 676 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HL655 UT WOS:A1991HL65500004 ER PT J AU DANFORD, DE STEPHENSON, MG AF DANFORD, DE STEPHENSON, MG TI HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000 - DEVELOPMENT OF NUTRITION OBJECTIVES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF NUTR & FOOD SCI,FOOD & DRUG ADM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP DANFORD, DE (reprint author), NIH,DIV NUTR RES COORDINAT,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 91 IS 12 BP 1517 EP 1519 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA GV640 UT WOS:A1991GV64000003 PM 1960341 ER PT J AU NEDJAR, S BISWAS, RM HEWLETT, IK AF NEDJAR, S BISWAS, RM HEWLETT, IK TI CO-AMPLIFICATION OF SPECIFIC SEQUENCES OF HCV AND HIV-1 GENOMES BY USING THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION ASSAY - A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF HCV AND HIV-1 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE HCV; HIV-1; PCR; CO-AMPLIFICATION; DIAGNOSIS ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; NON-A; VIRUS; ANTIBODY; TRANSMISSION; TESTS; DNA AB A rapid and simple method using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was devised for the co-amplification and simultaneous detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) specific sequences in the same serum sample. Genomic RNA was extracted from 13 blood donor sera that were reactive in ELISA for both anti-HCV and anti-HIV-1. The extracted RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA and amplified using nested primer pairs (SN01 and SN04; SN02 and SN03) based on the HCV prototype sequence of clones 37b and 81, and SK 38/39 for HIV-1 simultaneously. PCR products were analyzed by liquid hybridization or Southern blot hybridization with P-32 end-labeled oligonucleotide probes from the regions between the primer pairs, excluding the primer sequences. HCV-RNA was detected in all 13 (100%) samples tested; HIV-RNA was detected in 11 (85%) samples. The ability to co-amplify specific sequences from two different viral genomes in the same reaction mixture offers the possibility of simultaneous detection and diagnosis of more than one viral agent in serum samples of infected individuals. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP NEDJAR, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,HEPATITIS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 29-B-03,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD DEC PY 1991 VL 35 IS 3 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1016/0166-0934(91)90071-7 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA GY153 UT WOS:A1991GY15300006 PM 1726173 ER PT J AU COSGRIFF, TM LEWIS, RM AF COSGRIFF, TM LEWIS, RM TI MECHANISMS OF DISEASE IN HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; COMPLEMENT; ACTIVATION; PATHWAY; INTERLEUKIN-1; PATHOGENESIS; PROSTACYCLIN; PROCOAGULANT; RESISTANCE AB Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a dramatic illness characterized by fever, and variable degrees of circulatory failure, hemorrhage, and renal insufficiency. Hantaviruses are the cause of this syndrome. In its severe form, it is associated with significant mortality. Vascular dysfunction is the key physiologic derangement in this disorder. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that immune mechanisms account for this derangement. C1 US FDA, DIV BIOL, BETHESDA, MD 20014 USA. RP COSGRIFF, TM (reprint author), FITZSIMONS ARMY MED CTR, HEMATOL ONCOL SERV, AURORA, CO 80045 USA. NR 107 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 40 SU 35 BP S72 EP S79 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA GQ297 UT WOS:A1991GQ29700013 ER PT J AU TOMAZIC, VJ WITHROW, TJ HITCHINS, VM AF TOMAZIC, VJ WITHROW, TJ HITCHINS, VM TI ADVERSE REACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MEDICAL DEVICE IMPLANTS SO PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM LA English DT Article ID INDUCED HEPATIC GRANULOMAS; FOREIGN-BODY REACTION; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; AUGMENTATION MAMMOPLASTY; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; SILICONE; INFECTION; PROSTHESES; PARTICLES; MIGRATION AB Medical prostheses that replace or enhance functions of different tissues and organs are often implanted into the human body. Although medical device materials are selected for their physico-chemical properties and biocompatibility, the long term presence of foreign materials in the body may lead to adverse reactions. The two most commonly observed problems are chronic infections at the site of implant, and the formation of wear particles from implanted material. The particles spread throughout the organism and accumulate in various tissues inducing chronic inflammation. The chronic inflammatory process, induced either by particles or by antigenic material, results in tissue damage and granuloma formation. Other problems, that have not been extensively studied, and may be associated with the long-term presence of foreign materials, are general effects on the host's immunocompetence. The relationship between implants and development of autoimmune disorders and neoplasia has been reported. However, with relatively long latency for the development of such diseases, direct relationship is difficult to document. The main research goal of our laboratory is to study effects of foreign materials, either solid or in particulate form, on the host's immune functions. Macrophages, which are the cells mostly involved in the inflammation process are being studied. Attention is focused on evaluation of the major macrophage functions, such as phagocytosis, antitumor activity, antigen presentation, and the regulatory cytokine production. As macrophages play a pivotal role in generating immune responses, any change in their functions may have significant effect on the efferent end of the host's immunocompetence. RP TOMAZIC, VJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV LIFE SCI,HLTH SCI BRANCH,12709 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM PI ZAGREB PA HRVATSKO PRIRODOSLOVNO DRUSTVO ILICA 16/111, 41000 ZAGREB, CROATIA SN 0031-5362 J9 PERIOD BIOL PD DEC PY 1991 VL 93 IS 4 BP 547 EP 554 PG 8 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA HK949 UT WOS:A1991HK94900009 ER PT J AU PIKE, SE MARKEY, SP IJAMES, C JONES, KD TOSATO, G AF PIKE, SE MARKEY, SP IJAMES, C JONES, KD TOSATO, G TI THE ROLE OF LACTIC-ACID IN AUTOCRINE B-CELL GROWTH-STIMULATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; L-LACTATE; GLUCOSE; PURIFICATION; TRANSPORT AB Growth and survival of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized B lymphocytes cultured at low cell densities require autocrine soluble factors. In this study, we have purified a low molecular weight autocrine soluble factor that promotes growth of EBV-immortalized B cells in serum-free conditions and identified it as lactic acid (LA). Synthetic LA stimulated growth in EBV-immortalized B cells at 1-10 mM, a concentration of LA measured in the culture supernatant of EBV-immortalized cell lines. LA alone was found to account for > 70% of the autocrine growth factor activity in serum-free supernatants of EBV-immortalized B cells. Aminooxyacetate, a glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase inhibitor, specifically inhibited B-cell growth induced by LA, suggesting that this process requires mitochondrial-cytosol transfers. Thus, LA is an autocrine stimulatory molecule that in serum-free conditions is essential for the continuous proliferation of EBV-immortalized B cells. This represents an unexpected function for LA. C1 NIH,CLIN SCI LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PIKE, SE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 88 IS 24 BP 11081 EP 11085 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.24.11081 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA GV877 UT WOS:A1991GV87700021 PM 1662382 ER PT J AU WAGSTAFF, DJ AF WAGSTAFF, DJ TI DIETARY EXPOSURE TO FUROCOUMARINS SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINEAR FUROCOUMARINS; DAUCUS-CAROTA; PSORALENS; CELERY; COUMARINS; DERMATITIS; SURFACE; CARROT; FOODS; PUVA RP US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 38 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 14 IS 3 BP 261 EP 272 DI 10.1016/0273-2300(91)90029-U PG 12 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GU227 UT WOS:A1991GU22700006 PM 1771268 ER PT J AU KODELL, RL HOWE, RB CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW AF KODELL, RL HOWE, RB CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW TI MATHEMATICAL-MODELING OF REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXIC EFFECTS FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE LITTER-SIZE; INTRALITTER CORRELATION; THRESHOLD; WEIBULL; RISK ASSESSMENT ID DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL; TERATOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS AB A new mathematical dose-response model for reproductive and developmental risk assessment is proposed. The model includes the possibility of an exposure threshold as well as a litter-size effect. Correlation of responses of offspring from the same litter is taken into account through the use of the beta-binomial distribution. Confidence limits for low-dose extrapolation are based on the asymptotic distribution of the likelihood ratio. An empirical comparison of the proposed procedure to that of Rai and Van Ryzin(1) demonstrates the improvement that can be achieved with the new procedure. C1 CLEMENT INT CORP,RUSTON,LA 71270. RP KODELL, RL (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 17 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD DEC PY 1991 VL 11 IS 4 BP 583 EP 590 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1991.tb00648.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA GV905 UT WOS:A1991GV90500005 PM 1780500 ER PT J AU STOCKBRIDGE, N ZHANG, H WEIR, B AF STOCKBRIDGE, N ZHANG, H WEIR, B TI EFFECTS OF K+ CHANNEL AGONISTS CROMAKALIM AND PINACIDIL ON RAT BASILAR ARTERY SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS ARE MEDIATED BY CA++- ACTIVATED K+ CHANNELS SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID RABBIT PORTAL-VEIN; POTASSIUM CHANNELS; BRL-34915; MECHANISM; BRL34915 C1 UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT SURG,EDMONTON T6G 2E1,ALBERTA,CANADA. RP STOCKBRIDGE, N (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS25957-01] NR 26 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD NOV 27 PY 1991 VL 181 IS 1 BP 172 EP 178 DI 10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81397-X PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GR961 UT WOS:A1991GR96100025 PM 1958186 ER PT J AU KENNEDY, DL JOHNSON, JM NIGHTINGALE, SL AF KENNEDY, DL JOHNSON, JM NIGHTINGALE, SL TI MONITORING OF ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS IN HOSPITALS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP KENNEDY, DL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 27 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 20 BP 2878 EP 2878 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GQ722 UT WOS:A1991GQ72200039 PM 1942458 ER PT J AU ASZALOS, A AF ASZALOS, A TI CYCLOSPORINE ELICITS A NONRESPONSIVE STATE AND A SHIFT IN K+ FLUXES IN THE EARLY PHASE OF ACTIVATION OF HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES WITH ANTI-CD3 SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ANTI-CD3 STIMULATION; MEMBRANE POTENTIAL; T-CELLS (NONRESPONSIVE) ID T-CELL ACTIVATION; POTASSIUM CHANNELS; INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; PROLIFERATION; SENSITIVITY; INVITRO; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; BLOOD; UNRESPONSIVENESS AB The effect of cyclosporin A on the initial phase of activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by anti-CD3 was studied in a two-step incubation process. Cyclosporin A treatment in the initial phase of activation blocked the second phase activation of a cell population by anti-CD3, IL-2, or concanavalin A (ConA). In contrast, similar treatment with the calcium ionophore, ionomycin, enhanced the activation of anti-CD3. Only a marginal synergistic increase of intracellular [Ca2+] was elicited by cyclosporin A during anti-CD3 stimulation and this drug prevented activation-induced depolarization of lymphocytes by its ability to hyperpolarize cells. The hyperpolarization effect of cyclosporin A is related to the K+ flux but not the Na+ or Ca2+ flux and is unlikely to be mediated through calmodulin and protein kinase C. We postulate that the K+ flux-modulating ability of cyclosporin A renders T cells non-responsive in the initial phase of activation. RP ASZALOS, A (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PHARMACEUT RES & TESTING,HFD-471,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD NOV 26 PY 1991 VL 205 IS 2 BP 125 EP 133 DI 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90810-D PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GU490 UT WOS:A1991GU49000002 PM 1839831 ER PT J AU FINBLOOM, DS WAHL, LM WINESTOCK, KD AF FINBLOOM, DS WAHL, LM WINESTOCK, KD TI THE RECEPTOR FOR INTERFERON-GAMMA ON HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES CONSISTS OF MULTIPLE DISTINCT SUBUNITS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; LIGAND-BINDING; IFN-GAMMA; EXPRESSION; GLYCOSYLATION; PROTEINS; CHROMOSOME-6; MACROPHAGES; ANTIBODIES; FRACTIONS AB The interaction of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) (a product of activated T lymphocytes) and monocytes is essential for immune responsiveness, host defense, and chronic inflammation. In this report we define the IFN-gamma receptor (IFN-gamma-R) on human monocytes as a receptor complex consisting of at least three subunits. Solubilization and immunoprecipitation of [S-35]methionine- and [S-35]cysteine-labeled monocytes were optimized by controlling the detergent concentration during solubilization and washing of the immunoprecipitates. This enabled subunits to be coimmunoprecipitated by several different anti-IFN-gamma-R antibodies raised against the 90-kDa cloned binding protein. Immunoprecipitation under stringent (1% sodium dodecyl sulfate) conditions resulted in the visualization of only the 80-90-kDa binding protein. Under less stringent conditions at least two coimmunoprecipitated subunits (molecular mass of 200 and 38 kDa) were consistently associated with the 80-kDa (90-92 kDa reduced) binding protein. The 38-kDa subunit was shown to be distinct from the 80-kDa subunit by proteolytic fragment analysis. Cross-linking of I-125-rIFN-gamma to monocytes yielded receptor-IFN-gamma complexes consistent with the existence of multiple subunits. C1 NIDR, CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT CHEM, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. RP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV CYTOKINE BIOL, 8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 25 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 33 BP 22545 EP 22548 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GR564 UT WOS:A1991GR56400076 PM 1834673 ER PT J AU FUJITA, S PURI, RK YU, ZX TRAVIS, WD FERRANS, VJ AF FUJITA, S PURI, RK YU, ZX TRAVIS, WD FERRANS, VJ TI AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL-STUDY OF INVIVO INTERACTIONS BETWEEN LYMPHOCYTES AND ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE VASCULAR LEAK SYNDROME INDUCED BY INTERLEUKIN-2 SO CANCER LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS; HUMAN RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; HIGH-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2; ANTI-TUMOR EFFICACY; TOXICITY; MICE; PROLIFERATION; CANCER; METASTASES; INFUSION AB Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells play a major role in the induction of the vascular leak syndrome (VLS). To understand the mechanism of this syndrome, the authors examined light and electron microscopic alterations in the lung, liver, spleen, kidney, and heart of mice in which VLS was produced by the administration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (seven injections of 600,000 IU each for a period of 4 days). The results of these studies disclosed that considerable damage had been done to the endothelial cells that consisted of cytoplasmic edema, vacuoles, and myelin figures; in addition, there were frequent sites of transendothelial passage of lymphoid cells, probably IL-2-activated cells, that penetrated through their cytoplasm by means of "temporary migration pores" and accumulated in the perivascular spaces. The results of this study indicate that a direct in vivo interaction between IL-2-activated cells (probably LAK cells) and endothelium results in cytotoxicity to endothelial cells. C1 NHLBI,PATHOL BRANCH,BLDG 10,ROOM 7N236,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NHLBI,CARDIOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 25 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD NOV 15 PY 1991 VL 68 IS 10 BP 2169 EP 2174 DI 10.1002/1097-0142(19911115)68:10<2169::AID-CNCR2820681014>3.0.CO;2-F PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GL938 UT WOS:A1991GL93800013 PM 1913455 ER PT J AU PURI, RK AF PURI, RK TI EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATION ON MCA102 TUMOR-CELL IMMUNOGENICITY AND SENSITIVITY TO TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Letter ID ANTIGENS RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD NOV 15 PY 1991 VL 51 IS 22 BP 6209 EP 6209 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GP271 UT WOS:A1991GP27100035 PM 1718598 ER PT J AU SHAIKH, B JACKSON, J GUYER, G RAVIS, WR AF SHAIKH, B JACKSON, J GUYER, G RAVIS, WR TI DETERMINATION OF NEOMYCIN IN PLASMA AND URINE BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY - APPLICATION TO A PRELIMINARY PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS; SERUM; GENTAMICIN; PHASE; STREPTOMYCIN; CALVES; MILK AB A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the determination of neomycin in plasma and urine. The plasma was deproteinated with trichloroacetic acid and centrifuged. The supernatant was mixed with ion-pair concentrate and centrifuged again. The resultant supernatant was analyzed by HPLC. Urine was centrifuged to remove debris, if any, mixed with ion-pair concentrate and analyzed directly by HPLC. The HPLC conditions consisted of an ion-pairing mobile phase, a reversed-phase column, post-column derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) reagent and fluorescence detection. The overall average recovery of neomycin was 97 and 113% from plasma spiked at 0.25-1.0-mu-g/ml, using a standard curve prepared in plasma extract and in water, respectively, and 94% for urin spiked at 1-10-mu-g/ml using a standard curve prepared in water. The method was used to detect neomycin in plasma and urine obtained from animals injected intramuscularly with neomycin. Various pharmacokinetic parameters of neomycin were also determined from its profile of plasma concentration versus time. C1 AUBURN UNIV,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARMACAL SCI,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP SHAIKH, B (reprint author), US FDA,BARC EAST,DIV VET MED RES,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 17 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR-BIOMED JI J. Chromatogr.-Biomed. Appl. PD NOV 15 PY 1991 VL 571 IS 1-2 BP 189 EP 198 DI 10.1016/0378-4347(91)80445-I PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GT058 UT WOS:A1991GT05800017 PM 1810947 ER PT J AU WINK, DA KASPRZAK, KS MARAGOS, CM ELESPURU, RK MISRA, M DUNAMS, TM CEBULA, TA KOCH, WH ANDREWS, AW ALLEN, JS KEEFER, LK AF WINK, DA KASPRZAK, KS MARAGOS, CM ELESPURU, RK MISRA, M DUNAMS, TM CEBULA, TA KOCH, WH ANDREWS, AW ALLEN, JS KEEFER, LK TI DNA DEAMINATING ABILITY AND GENOTOXICITY OF NITRIC-OXIDE AND ITS PROGENITORS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; POINT MUTATIONS; 5-METHYLCYTOSINE; MACROPHAGES; NITROSATION; ACTIVATION; RATS; HYPOMETHYLATION; NUCLEOTIDES; CYTOSINE AB Nitric oxide (NO), a multifaceted bioregulatory agent and an environmental pollutant, can also cause genomic alterations. In vitro, NO deaminated deoxynucleosides, deoxynucleotides, and intact DNA at physiological pH. That similar DNA damage can also occur in vivo was tested by treating Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535 with three NO-releasing compounds, including nitroglycerin. All proved mutagenic. Observed DNA sequence changes were > 99% C --> T transitions in the hisG46 (CCC) target codon, consistent with a cytosine-deamination mechanism. Because exposure to endogenously and exogenously produced NO is extensive, this mechanism may contribute to the incidence of deamination-related genetic disease and cancer. C1 NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,COMPARAT CARCINOGENESIS NATL LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21701. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. GLAXO INC,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,PRI DYNCORP,FREDERICK,MD 21701. RI Keefer, Larry/N-3247-2014 OI Keefer, Larry/0000-0001-7489-9555 FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102] NR 47 TC 992 Z9 1008 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 15 PY 1991 VL 254 IS 5034 BP 1001 EP 1003 DI 10.1126/science.1948068 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA GP883 UT WOS:A1991GP88300043 PM 1948068 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI DIDANOSINE (DDI) APPROVED FOR ADVANCED HIV-INFECTION SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 13 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 18 BP 2528 EP 2528 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GN660 UT WOS:A1991GN66000006 PM 1942388 ER PT J AU YIN, L AF YIN, L TI A RESPONSE FROM THE FDA SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material RP YIN, L (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 7 PY 1991 VL 325 IS 19 BP 1377 EP 1377 DI 10.1056/NEJM199111073251912 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GN470 UT WOS:A1991GN47000012 PM 1922242 ER PT J AU MINETTI, CASA LIN, Y CISLO, T LIU, TY AF MINETTI, CASA LIN, Y CISLO, T LIU, TY TI PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN ENDOTOXIN-BINDING PROTEIN WITH PROTEASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY FROM LIMULUS AMEBOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HORSESHOE-CRAB; LYSATE; IDENTIFICATION; HEMOCYTES AB Using a lipopolysaccharide affinity column and ion exchange chromatography, a 12-kDa protein has been purified from Limulus amebocytes. In solid phase binding assays, the radiolabeled protein binds specifically to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with a K(d) value on the order of 10(-7) M. A cDNA coding for this protein has been isolated and sequenced. The amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA indicates that this protein shares no sequence homology with LPS-binding proteins isolated from different species of vertebrates (Schumann, R. R., Leong, S. R., Flaggs, G. W., Gray, P. W., Wright, S. D., Mathison, J. C., Tobias, P. S., and Ulevitch, R. J. (1990) Science 249, 1429-1431) and invertebrates (Aketagawa, J., Miyata, T., Ohtsubo, S., Nakamura, T., Morita, T., Hayashida, H., Miyata, T., Iwanaga, S., Takao, T., and Shimonishi, Y. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 7357-7365). The binding to LPS can be displaced by the unlabeled 12-kDa protein, polymyxin B, lipid A, and to a lesser extent by D-glucosamine. In whole cell binding assays, the 12-kDa protein has also been shown to bind to Escherichia coli. Using both [C-14]casein and a synthetic substrate, the protein has been shown to inhibit the proteolytic activity of trypsin, with an IC50 of approximately 10(-7) M. In the presence of LPS, the antitryptic activity of the Limulus endotoxin-binding protein-protease inhibitor remains unaffected. The protein is a major component of the cytoplasmic proteins (1%). Immunocytochemical analysis reveals that this protein exists in the secretory granules of the amebocytes where enzymes and substrates for the clotting cascade reside. Based on the unusual dual functional properties, the newly isolated protein was named a "Limulus endotoxin-binding protein-protease inhibitor" (LEBP-PI). C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,ROOM 516,BLDG 29,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Minetti, Conceicao/B-5077-2009 OI Minetti, Conceicao/0000-0002-9682-2898 NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 5 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 31 BP 20773 EP 20780 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GN001 UT WOS:A1991GN00100030 PM 1939127 ER PT J AU MAHAYNI, H MINOR, JR AF MAHAYNI, H MINOR, JR TI MEGESTROL-ACETATE IN AIDS-RELATED CACHEXIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Letter ID ADVANCED BREAST-CANCER; THERAPY; VIRUS C1 NIH,CTR CLIN,DEPT PHARM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP MAHAYNI, H (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 48 IS 11 BP 2479 EP 2480 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GM657 UT WOS:A1991GM65700028 PM 1746586 ER PT J AU MAHAYNI, H MINOR, JR AF MAHAYNI, H MINOR, JR TI ANTIRETROVIRAL ACTIVITY OF NALOXONE AND NALTREXONE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY LA English DT Letter ID NATURAL-KILLER CELLS; OPIOID-MEDIATED SUPPRESSION; MORPHINE; INTERFERON C1 NIH,CTR CLIN,DEPT PHARM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP MAHAYNI, H (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9289 J9 AM J HOSP PHARM JI Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 48 IS 11 BP 2480 EP 2481 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GM657 UT WOS:A1991GM65700029 PM 1746587 ER PT J AU DOLAN, SP SINEX, SA CAPAR, SG MONTASER, A CLIFFORD, RH AF DOLAN, SP SINEX, SA CAPAR, SG MONTASER, A CLIFFORD, RH TI ONLINE PRECONCENTRATION AND VOLATILIZATION OF IODINE FOR INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID FLOW-INJECTION ANALYSIS; TOTAL DIET; HELIUM PLASMA; MIXED-GAS; SPECTROSCOPY; ENRICHMENT; ELEMENTS; TORCH C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 1 PY 1991 VL 63 IS 21 BP 2539 EP 2542 DI 10.1021/ac00021a028 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GM571 UT WOS:A1991GM57100029 PM 1763811 ER PT J AU MARCH, MG CROWLEY, JJ AF MARCH, MG CROWLEY, JJ TI AN EVALUATION OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS PRESENT CHECKOUT METHODS AND THE VALIDITY OF THE FDA CHECKLIST SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EQUIPMENT, ANESTHESIA, ANESTHESIA MACHINES; FDA ANESTHESIA APPARATUS CHECKOUT RECOMMENDATIONS (CHECKLIST); MALFUNCTIONS; PREUSE CHECKOUT METHODS AB The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published the Anesthesia Apparatus Checkout Recommendations (checklist) in order to improve the methods anesthesiologists use to check out anesthesia equipment. Whereas no published study of current checkout methods had been performed since the introduction of the FDA checklist, we compared anesthesiologists' current anesthesia equipment pre-use checkout methods with anesthesiologists' use of the FDA checklist. One hundred and eighty-eight anesthesiologists were tested to compare the number of prearranged anesthesia machine faults that could be detected with 1) their own checkout methods and 2) the FDA checklist. The average number of machine faults detected with the individual anesthesiologists' checkout methods was 1.03/4 (25.8%) and with the FDA checklist was 1.20/4 (29.9%). For only one fault, malfunction of the oxygen/nitrous oxide ratio protection system, was there a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.01) with the use of the FDA checklist. Anesthesiologists in residency training detected more faults (average 2.46/8, 30.8%) than did anesthesiologists who primarily practiced direct patient care (1.98/8, 23.9%) (P < 0.01). Our data indicate that the mere introduction of the FDA checklist did not improve the ability of anesthesiologists to detect anesthesia machine faults. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF TRAINING & ASSISTANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP MARCH, MG (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV HOSP,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,901 23RD ST,WASHINGTON,DC 20037, USA. NR 5 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD NOV PY 1991 VL 75 IS 5 BP 724 EP 729 DI 10.1097/00000542-199111000-00002 PG 6 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA GM775 UT WOS:A1991GM77500002 PM 1952196 ER PT J AU PALESTINE, AG POLIS, MA DESMET, MD BAIRD, BF FALLOON, J KOVACS, JA DAVEY, RT ZURLO, JJ ZUNICH, KM DAVIS, M HUBBARD, L BROTHERS, R FERRIS, FL CHEW, E DAVIS, JL RUBIN, BI MELLOW, SD METCALF, JA MANISCHEWITZ, J MINOR, JR NUSSENBLATT, RB MASUR, H LANE, HC AF PALESTINE, AG POLIS, MA DESMET, MD BAIRD, BF FALLOON, J KOVACS, JA DAVEY, RT ZURLO, JJ ZUNICH, KM DAVIS, M HUBBARD, L BROTHERS, R FERRIS, FL CHEW, E DAVIS, JL RUBIN, BI MELLOW, SD METCALF, JA MANISCHEWITZ, J MINOR, JR NUSSENBLATT, RB MASUR, H LANE, HC TI A RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIAL OF FOSCARNET IN THE TREATMENT OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS IN PATIENTS WITH AIDS SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; VIRUS RETINITIS; PHOSPHONOFORMATE FOSCARNET; REPLICATION INVITRO; GANCICLOVIR; DISEASE; INHIBITION; INFECTIONS; ZIDOVUDINE AB Objective: To evaluate foscarnet sodium in treating cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. Patients: Twenty-four previously untreated persons with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis who were at low risk for loss of their visual acuity. Intervention: Patients were randomly assigned to receive either no therapy (delayed treatment, control group) or immediate treatment with intravenous foscarnet at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight three times a day for 3 weeks (induction regimen) followed by a maintenance regimen of 90 mg/kg once a day. Measurements: Patients were examined weekly until they reached the primary clinical end point, defined as progression of their retinitis border by 750-mu-m or the development of a new retinal lesion due to cytomegalovirus. Progression was evaluated using retinal photographs by masked readers. Secondary evaluations included changes in visual acuity, cytomegalovirus shedding in the blood and urine, serum levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigen, and total CD4 T lymphocyte counts. Results: The mean time to progression of retinitis was 3.2 weeks in the control group (n = 11) compared with 13.3 weeks in the treatment group (n = 13) (P < 0.001). Nine of 13 patients in the treatment group had positive blood cultures for cytomegalovirus at entry and all nine cleared their blood of cytomegalovirus by the end of the induction period (P = 0.004) compared with one of six patients in the control group. No reductions in p24 levels were seen in the control patients compared with a reduction of more than 50% in p24 levels for all four patients on treatment for whom follow-up levels were available. The main adverse effects of foscarnet treatment were seizures (2 of 13 patients), hypomagnesemia (9 of 13), hypocalcemia (11 of 13), and elevations in serum creatinine above 176.8-mu-mol/L (2.0 mg/dL) (3 of 13). The control patients received an average of 0.2 units of blood per week compared with an average of 0.6 units of blood per week for the patients on treatment. Conclusions: The administration of foscarnet decreases the rate of progression of cytomegalovirus retinitis in persons with AIDS. Its judicious use is likely to prevent loss of vision in these patients. In this study, however, there was little change in visual acuity in patients in either the immediate or delayed treatment group because only patients with non-sight-threatening disease were selected. C1 NIAID,BLDG 10,ROOM 11B-13,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. OI Polis, Michael/0000-0002-9151-2268; de Smet, Marc/0000-0002-9217-5603 NR 31 TC 271 Z9 274 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 1991 VL 115 IS 9 BP 665 EP 673 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GL697 UT WOS:A1991GL69700001 PM 1656826 ER PT J AU SHINDO, M DIBISCEGLIE, AM CHEUNG, L SHIH, JWK CRISTIANO, K FEINSTONE, SM HOOFNAGLE, JH AF SHINDO, M DIBISCEGLIE, AM CHEUNG, L SHIH, JWK CRISTIANO, K FEINSTONE, SM HOOFNAGLE, JH TI DECREASE IN SERUM HEPATITIS-C VIRAL-RNA DURING ALPHA-INTERFERON THERAPY FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NON-A; CONTROLLED TRIAL; BLOOD-DONORS; VIRUS; ANTIBODIES; SEQUENCES; GENOME; ALFA AB Objective: To assess the effect of alpha-interferon therapy on hepatitis C viral RNA in serum of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Design: Retrospective testing for hepatitis C viral (HCV) RNA and antibody to the hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) of stored serum samples from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of alpha-interferon therapy. Setting: Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health, a tertiary referral center. Patients: Forty-one patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis were entered in this trial. Interventions: Twenty-one patients were treated with alpha-interferon, and 20 patients were treated with placebo for 6 months. Seventeen placebo recipients were then treated with alpha-interferon for up to 1 year. Methods: Samples were tested for anti-HCV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatitis C viral RNA was detected in serum using the polymerase chain reaction. Titers of both antibody and RNA were determined by serial end-point dilution. Main Results: At entry into the trial, 37 (90%) of 41 patients had anti-HCV and 39 (95%) had HCV RNA in serum. Anti-HCV titers decreased slightly with treatment. Serum levels of HCV RNA decreased in all patients who responded to alpha-interferon therapy with improvements in serum aminotransferases; in 17 of 21 responders (81%; 95% CI, 58% to 95%) HCV RNA became undetectable. In contrast, in only 2 of 16 (12%; CI, 2% to 38%) patients who did not respond to treatment did HCV RNA become undetectable. In 19 patients treated during the preliminary 6-month period with placebo, HCV RNA remained detectable. Finally, in the 11 patients who relapsed when treatment was stopped, HCV RNA reappeared in the serum, but in 4 of 7 patients with a sustained improvement in serum aminotransferases, HCV RNA remained undetectable. Conclusions: These results indicate that the clinical and serum biochemical response to alpha-interferon in chronic hepatitis C is associated with a loss of detectable HCV genome from serum. C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP SHINDO, M (reprint author), NIH,LIVER DIS SECT,BLD 10,ROOM 4D52,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Yang, Chen/G-1379-2010 NR 19 TC 389 Z9 392 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 1991 VL 115 IS 9 BP 700 EP 704 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GL697 UT WOS:A1991GL69700006 PM 1656828 ER PT J AU SUTHERLAND, JB SELBY, AL FREEMAN, JP EVANS, FE CERNIGLIA, CE AF SUTHERLAND, JB SELBY, AL FREEMAN, JP EVANS, FE CERNIGLIA, CE TI METABOLISM OF PHENANTHRENE BY PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FUNGUS CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS; WHITE ROT FUNGUS; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; K-REGION; EXTRACELLULAR LIGNINASES; DEGRADATION; BIODEGRADATION; OXIDATION; BENZO(A)PYRENE AB The white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium metabolized phenanthrene when it was grown for 7 days at 37-degrees-C in a medium containing malt extract, D-glucose, D-maltose, yeast extract, and Tween 80. After cultures were grown with [9-C-14]phenanthrene, radioactive metabolites were extracted from the medium with ethyl acetate, separated by high-performance liquid chromatography, and detected by liquid scintillation counting. Metabolites from cultures grown with unlabeled phenanthrene were identified as phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol, phenanthrene trans-3,4-dihydrodiol, 9-phenanthrol, 3-phenanthrol, 4-phenanthrol, and the novel conjugate 9-phenanthryl beta-D-glucopyranoside. Identification of the compounds was based on their UV absorption, mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Since lignin peroxidase was not detected in the culture medium, these results suggest the involvement of monooxygenase and epoxide hydrolase activity in the initial oxidation and hydration of phenanthrene by P. chrysosporium. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 34 TC 117 Z9 134 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 57 IS 11 BP 3310 EP 3316 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA GN265 UT WOS:A1991GN26500038 PM 1781688 ER PT J AU EVANS, EH CARUSO, JA SATZGER, RD AF EVANS, EH CARUSO, JA SATZGER, RD TI EVALUATION OF A TANTALUM-TIP ELECTROTHERMAL VAPORIZATION SAMPLE INTRODUCTION DEVICE FOR MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE ELECTROTHERMAL VAPORIZATION; MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA; MASS SPECTROMETRY; ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY ID SIMULTANEOUS MULTIELEMENT DETERMINATION; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; ION-SOURCE; GEOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GRAPHITE-FURNACE; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; ISOTOPE RATIOS; TRACE-METALS AB An integrated electrothermal vaporization/microwave-induced plasma device has been shown to be a viable source for atomic emission and mass spectrometry. The tantalum-tipped electrothermal vaporizer ensured that no analyte condensation occurred during transport to the plasma and facilitated the formation of an annular helium plasma. Detection limits obtained with atomic emission spectrometry were 0.6, 21, and 2400 pg for Ag, Pb, and I, respectively, and those obtained with mass spectrometry were 0.03, 0.09, 0.75, and 1.5 pg for Ag, Cd, Pb, and Br, respectively. Detection limits were blank limited due to contaminants in the materials used in construction of the furnace. The current study was limited to high-volatility elements. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT CHEM,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,CINCINNATI,OH 45202. NR 49 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1478 EP 1484 DI 10.1366/0003702914335436 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA GR646 UT WOS:A1991GR64600013 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM SHIRAI, A ISHIGATSUBO, Y CONOVER, J STEINBERG, AD AF KLINMAN, DM SHIRAI, A ISHIGATSUBO, Y CONOVER, J STEINBERG, AD TI QUANTITATION OF IGM-SECRETING AND IGG-SECRETING B-CELLS IN THE PERIPHERAL-BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY-FORMING-CELLS; DNA ANTIBODIES; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE; HUMAN-SERA; MICE; AUTOANTIBODIES; LYMPHOCYTES; ACTIVATION; ANTIGENS; SLE AB An enzyme-linked immunospot assay was used to quantitate the number of autoantibody-secreting B cells in the peripheral blood of 67 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. These patients had 1.5-4-fold more lymphocytes secreting IgG and IgM per million peripheral blood lymphocytes than did normal controls. There was a concomitant increase in the number of B cells secreting antibodies reactive with a diverse panel of foreign and self antigens (including actin, myosin, trinitrophenylated keyhole limpet hemocyanin, ovalbumin, and retroviral gp160). By comparison, the number of B cells producing anti-DNA antibodies was increased disproportionately. The magnitude of this anti-DNA response correlated significantly with disease activity. Thus, B cell activation in human systemic lupus erythematosus had characteristics of both generalized (polyclonal) B cell activation and (auto)antigen-specific immune stimulation. C1 NIAMSD,ARTHRIT & RHEUMATISM BRANCH,CELLULAR IMMUNOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD. YOKOHAMA CITY UNIV,SCH MED,YOKOHAMA,KANAGAWA 232,JAPAN. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,RETROVIRUS RES LAB,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3 D 02,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 41 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 34 IS 11 BP 1404 EP 1410 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA GN259 UT WOS:A1991GN25900009 PM 1719987 ER PT J AU TALASKA, G SCHAMER, M SKIPPER, P TANNENBAUM, S CAPORASO, N UNRUH, L KADLUBAR, FF BARTSCH, H MALAVEILLE, C VINEIS, P AF TALASKA, G SCHAMER, M SKIPPER, P TANNENBAUM, S CAPORASO, N UNRUH, L KADLUBAR, FF BARTSCH, H MALAVEILLE, C VINEIS, P TI DETECTION OF CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS IN EXFOLIATED UROTHELIAL CELLS OF CIGARETTE SMOKERS - ASSOCIATION WITH SMOKING, HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS, AND URINARY MUTAGENICITY SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID BLADDER-CANCER; P-32-POSTLABELING ASSAY; AROMATIC-AMINES; TOBACCO; TISSUES; NONSMOKERS; DOSIMETRY; PHENOTYPE; EXPOSURE; INVIVO AB The presence of covalent modifications in DNA obtained from exfoliated urothelial cells of smokers and nonsmokers was determined using P-32 postlabeling methods. Urine and blood samples were procured from 73 persons. Cells were removed from the urine by filtration. DNA was isolated using an enzyme-solvent extraction method and then coprecipitated with glycogen. Sufficient DNA to detect 1 carcinogen-DNA adduct/10(9) normal nucleotides was obtained from 40 of the 73 samples. DNA was hydrolyzed to 3'phosphodeoxynucleotides and then P-32 postlabeled under conditions of excess [P-32]ATP. Carcinogen-DNA adducts were resolved using anion-exchange thin-layer chromatography and visualized by autoradiography; film exposures lasted as long as 7 days. Twelve different carcinogen-DNA adducts and a diagonal zone of radioactivity could be found, but no sample contained all adducts. At least four adducts appeared to be cigarette smoking related. These adducts were from 2 to 20 times higher in the smokers than the nonsmokers. Two carcinogen-DNA adducts were qualitatively very similar to adducts described earlier in a study of human bladder biopsies. One of these corresponded to N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl. Adducts were correlated significantly with the levels of 4-aminobiphenyl hemoglobin adducts and number of cigarettes smoked. In addition, levels of the putative N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl adduct and a measure of total adducts were correlated with the mutagenic activity of the individual's urine. These data suggest that noninvasive, biological monitoring techniques can be applied to the study of carcinogen-DNA adducts in humans at high risk for bladder cancer. C1 MIT,DEPT CHEM,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. MIT,DIV TOXICOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NCI,FAMILY STUDIES SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. INT AGCY RES CANC,F-69372 LYONS,FRANCE. DIPARTIMENTO SCI BIOMED & ONCOL UMANA,CANC EPIDEMIOL UNIT,TURIN,ITALY. RP TALASKA, G (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,INST ENVIRONM HLTH,CINCINNATI,OH 45267, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 00597] NR 34 TC 124 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD NOV-DEC PY 1991 VL 1 IS 1 BP 61 EP 66 PG 6 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HN950 UT WOS:A1991HN95000011 PM 1845172 ER PT J AU WIERCKX, FCJ WEDZINGA, R TIMMERSREKER, AJM BELAND, FA MEERMAN, JHN MULDER, GJ AF WIERCKX, FCJ WEDZINGA, R TIMMERSREKER, AJM BELAND, FA MEERMAN, JHN MULDER, GJ TI DNA ADDUCT FORMATION IN LIVER FOLLOWING THE ADMINISTRATION OF [3H]2-NITROFLUORENE TO RATS INVIVO SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID AIR POLLUTANT 2-NITROFLUORENE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; NEWBORN MOUSE ASSAY; P-32-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; INTESTINAL MICROFLORA; METABOLISM; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; 1-NITROPYRENE AB The formation of RNA and DNA adducts by the environmental pollutant 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF) has been investigated in rat liver in vivo. The adduct pattern was studied after trifluoroacetic acid hydrolysis of DNA or RNA, followed by analysis of the adducts by HPLC. This was also done by enzymatic hydrolysis of DNA, followed by P-32-postlabeling. Both after oral and i.v. administration of [H-3]2-NF, one major adduct was found. This adduct did not co-migrate with one of the known adducts of 2-(acetyl)-aminofluorene, N-deoxyguanosin-8-yl-2-aminofluorene (dG-C8AF), which could have been formed after nitroreduction of 2-NF. P-32-postlabeling revealed that two minor adducts were also formed, one of which was dG-C8-AF. The observation that the major adduct was also formed after i.v. administration of 2-NF to bile duct-catheterized rats makes a role for the intestinal microflora in the formation of this adduct very unlikely. In vitro experiments with inhibitors of the enzyme epoxide hydrolase indicated that epoxidation of 2-NF may play a role in the microsomal bioactivation of this compound. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP WIERCKX, FCJ (reprint author), LEIDEN UNIV,CTR BIOPHARMACEUT SCI,DIV TOXICOL,POB 9503,2300 RA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 53 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD NOV PY 1991 VL 12 IS 11 BP 2053 EP 2058 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.11.2053 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GP558 UT WOS:A1991GP55800011 PM 1718618 ER PT J AU FARRAR, WL KORNER, M CLOUSE, KA AF FARRAR, WL KORNER, M CLOUSE, KA TI CYTOKINE REGULATION OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS EXPRESSION SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Review DE AIDS; HIV; CYTOKINES ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HTLV-III LAV; NF-KAPPA-B; VIRAL-ANTIGEN STIMULATION; DEFICIENCY SYNDROME AIDS; HUMAN INTERFERON-GAMMA; INFECTED T-CELLS C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. LAB IMMUNOL CELLULAIRE,PARIS,FRANCE. RP FARRAR, WL (reprint author), NCI,MOLEC IMMUNOREGULAT LAB,BIOL RESPONSE MODIFIERS PROGRAM,BLDG 560,ROOM 21-89A,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 156 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 1043-4666 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD NOV PY 1991 VL 3 IS 6 BP 531 EP 542 DI 10.1016/1043-4666(91)90479-W PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA GW948 UT WOS:A1991GW94800001 PM 1790301 ER PT J AU KLONTZ, KC DESENCLOS, JCA WOLFE, LE HOECHERL, SA ROBERTS, C GUNN, RA AF KLONTZ, KC DESENCLOS, JCA WOLFE, LE HOECHERL, SA ROBERTS, C GUNN, RA TI THE RAW OYSTER CONSUMER - A RISK TAKER - USE OF THE BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Note DE SHELLFISH; VIBRIO INFECTIONS; ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATION; BEHAVIOR AB We used the 1988 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in Florida to determine the prevalence of consumption of raw oysters, a vehicle implicated in the transmission of several pathogens. One-third of survey respondents reported ever eating raw oysters. The prevalence was higher for persons 18-49 years old and for males, and, when controlled for age and sex, for persons who reported being cigarette smokers or acute or chronic alcohol drinkers, and driving while intoxicated. C1 FLORIDA DEPT HLTH & REHAB SERV,TALLAHASSEE,FL. CTR DIS CONTROL,EPIDEMIOL PROGRAM OFF,DIV FIELD SERV,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD NOV PY 1991 VL 2 IS 6 BP 437 EP 440 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA GV985 UT WOS:A1991GV98500008 PM 1790196 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI REMARKS BY THE COMMISSIONER OF FOOD AND DRUGS AT THE ASSOCIATION-OF-FOOD-AND-DRUG-OFFICIALS ANNUAL CONFERENCE SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This article discusses Dr. Kessler's efforts to strengthen the credibility of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by emphasizing its role as a science-based law enforcement agency. The Commissioner's program is backed by a substantial increase in the agency's investigative staff and a streamlining of its enforcement processes, and covers all products regulated by the FDA. To improve consumer protection despite the current budgetary difficulties, Dr. Kessler calls for a greater pooling of resources by the FDA and state regulatory agencies, particularly in seafood inspection, the campaign to eradicate Salmonella enteritidis in eggs, and the future enforcement of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act. RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 46 IS 6 BP 773 EP 779 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HT454 UT WOS:A1991HT45400001 ER PT J AU LIN, LJ AF LIN, LJ TI INTERPRETATION OF GRAS-CRITERIA SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act describes the following criteria for a substance that is generally recognized as safe (GRAS): general recognition of safety (among experts qualified by scientific training and experience to evaluate its safety) based on scientific procedures, and general recognition of safety based on history of common use in food prior to 1958. Food and Drug Administration regulations elaborate that the quality and quantity of scientific evidence required by the scientific procedures route for a GRAS substance are the same as those required for a food additive, whereas the history of common use in food route for a GRAS substance requires only generally available data and information. Current regulations allow common use in food to be predicated on a domestic or foreign experience before 1958. The regulations state that common use in food based on a foreign experience must establish that the use of the substance is safe and must be documented in published information that is corroborated by information from a second, independent source confirming the history and circumstances of the substance's use. RP LIN, LJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV FOOD & COLOR ADDIT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 46 IS 6 BP 877 EP 884 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HT454 UT WOS:A1991HT45400009 ER PT J AU HSU, HH WRIGHT, TL LUBA, D MARTIN, M FEINSTONE, SM GARCIA, G GREENBERG, HB AF HSU, HH WRIGHT, TL LUBA, D MARTIN, M FEINSTONE, SM GARCIA, G GREENBERG, HB TI FAILURE TO DETECT HEPATITIS-C VIRUS GENOME IN HUMAN SECRETIONS WITH THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NON-B HEPATITIS; NON-A; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; SALIVA; DNA; TRANSMISSION; CARRIERS; URINE; INFECTION; RISK AB Although hepatitis C infection has been clearly demonstrated to be transmitted through blood products or blood contamination, most cases of sporadic hepatitis C infection are unassociated with parenteral risk factors, and it is unclear how infection might be acquired by nonparenteral means. One potential mode of nonparenteral transmission is through body secretions. We used a highly sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction assay to determine whether hepatitis C viral genomic RNA could be detected in secretions obtained from nineteen individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Although hepatitis C genomic RNA was found in all 19 sera, hepatitis C virus RNA was not detected in any samples of saliva, semen, urine, stool or vaginal secretions from these patients. Viral titers in serum ranged from 10(2) to 10(7) polymerase chain reaction units/ml. The sensitivity of our polymerase chain reaction assay indicates that, if hepatitis C virus were in secretions, it would be present in amounts less than 1 to 4 polymerase chain reaction units/ml. This contrasts with hepatitis B virus infection, in which serum titers frequently are in excess of 10(9) copies of hepatitis B genomes/ml. Body secretions have been found to contain up to 10(6) copies of hepatitis B genomes/ml. Our findings support seroepidemiological studies indicating that nonparenteral transmission of hepatitis C through secretions is uncommon and probably much less efficient than hepatitis B virus infection. C1 STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,STANFORD,CA 94305. STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. US FDA,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP HSU, HH (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,3801 MIRANDA AVE,154-C,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38707, DKO7056] NR 15 TC 140 Z9 144 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD NOV PY 1991 VL 14 IS 5 BP 763 EP 767 DI 10.1002/hep.1840140504 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GN098 UT WOS:A1991GN09800003 PM 1657752 ER PT J AU JESSOP, JJ TAPLITS, MS AF JESSOP, JJ TAPLITS, MS TI EFFECT OF HIGH-DOSES OF MORPHINE ON CON-A INDUCED LYMPHOKINE PRODUCTION INVITRO SO IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MORPHINE; LYMPHOKINE PRODUCTION; OPIATE; IMMUNE FUNCTION ID HUMAN-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; OPIOID-PEPTIDES; BETA-ENDORPHIN; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; OPIATE RECEPTORS; STRESS; INVOLVEMENT; LEUKOCYTES; RESPONSES; TRANSPORT AB Morphine, a potent analgesic drug as well as the active metabolite derived from heroin, has been reported to affect a variety of immune functions. In vivo administration of high doses of morphine to animals has been shown to inhibit natural killer (NK) cell activity in the rat (Shavit et al., 1984) and splenic T cell mitogenic response in the mouse (Bryant et al., 1988). We report here on the effect of morphine sulfate (MS) (0.2-1.6 mM) on Concanavalin-A (Con-A) stimulated lymphokine production by mouse splenocytes in vitro. Twenty-four hour incubation of mouse splenocytes with MS, removal of the drug and activation with Con-A resulted in a significant (linear regression, P < 0.001) dose-related inhibition of lymphokine production (IC50 = 0.8 mM) as measured by bioassay for interleukin-2 (IL-2)/interleukin-4 (IL-4). The inhibitory effect of MS on lymphokine production was not blocked by opiate antagonists nor was the inhibitory effect mimicked by equivalent concentrations of mu, delta or epsilon receptor-specific opiate agonists. Exposure to the concentrations of MS used did not reduce viability of mouse splenocytes as determined by Trypan Blue exclusion. Morphine did not inhibit protein synthesis or adenylate cyclase activity in a T cell clone under identical conditions, indicating that MS, in this concentration range, does not simply interfere with all cell functions in a nonspecific manner. These results suggest that (1) morphine directly inhibits splenocyte function, (2) the inhibitory effect is not mediated through classical opiate receptors, and (3) the inhibitory effect is not due to toxicity. RP JESSOP, JJ (reprint author), NIH,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0162-3109 J9 IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY JI Immunopharmacology PD NOV-DEC PY 1991 VL 22 IS 3 BP 175 EP 184 DI 10.1016/0162-3109(91)90042-W PG 10 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GV111 UT WOS:A1991GV11100004 PM 1663496 ER PT J AU BEGLEY, TH BILES, JE HOLLIFIELD, HC AF BEGLEY, TH BILES, JE HOLLIFIELD, HC TI MIGRATION OF AN EPOXY ADHESIVE COMPOUND INTO A FOOD-SIMULATING LIQUID AND FOOD FROM MICROWAVE SUSCEPTOR PACKAGING SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC OLIGOMERS; TEREPHTHALATE AB Migration of the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A (DGEBA) from microwave susceptor packaging into a food-simulating liquid and into food has been determined. The poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) susceptor film did not provide a barrier to migration of DGEBA when the oil or food was cooked in a microwave oven in contact with the PET susceptor film. RP BEGLEY, TH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 39 IS 11 BP 1944 EP 1945 DI 10.1021/jf00011a010 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA GQ614 UT WOS:A1991GQ61400010 ER PT J AU HOLCOMB, M KORFMACHER, WA THOMPSON, HC AF HOLCOMB, M KORFMACHER, WA THOMPSON, HC TI CHARACTERIZATION OF IODINE DERIVATIVES OF AFLATOXIN-B1 AND AFLATOXIN-G1 BY THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POST-COLUMN DERIVATIZATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; IDENTIFICATION AB Thermospray mass spectrometry (TSMS) was used to identify the derivatives formed when iodine is reacted with aflatoxins B1 and G1 at approximately 70-degrees-C to enhance fluorescence. It was found that stable derivatives were formed by addition of an iodine atom and a methoxy group across the double bond located on the furan ring of the aflatoxin B1 and G1 molecules. TSMS and TSMS/MS daughter spectra of the reaction products of aflatoxin B1 and G1 with iodine provide evidence of the addition of each moiety to produce the iodo-methoxy derivative. The addition of an iodine atom to one carbon and a methoxy group to the other carbon of the furan ring provided molecular weights of 470 and 486 for the products of aflatoxin B1 and G1, respectively. C1 US DEPT HHS,PUBL HLTH SERV,FOOD & DRUG ADM,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES SERV,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HOLCOMB, M (reprint author), US DEPT HHS,PUBL HLTH SERV,FOOD & DRUG ADM,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES SERV,DIV CHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1991 VL 15 IS 6 BP 289 EP 292 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA GQ814 UT WOS:A1991GQ81400001 PM 1779657 ER PT J AU RHODEHAMEL, EJ SOLOMON, HM LILLY, T KAUTTER, DA PEELER, JT AF RHODEHAMEL, EJ SOLOMON, HM LILLY, T KAUTTER, DA PEELER, JT TI INCIDENCE AND HEAT-RESISTANCE OF CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM TYPE-E SPORES IN MENHADEN SURIMI SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TYRANNUS; CRAB AB Raw menhaden surimi (Brevoortia tyrannus) was examined to determine the incidence of Clostridium botulinum spores. Seven of 565 test portions (1.2%) were positive for type E spores. The thermal death time (TDT) tube method was used to determine the heat resistance of C. botulinum type E spores inoculated into the remaining 558 negative portions. Calculated mean D-values in mm were 8.66 at 73.9-degrees-C, 3.49 at 76.7-degrees-C, 2.15 at 79.4-degrees-C, and 1.22 at 82.2-degrees-C. The z-value of the phantom TDT curve was 9.78C-degrees. Our data indicate previously reported minimal time/temperature thermal processes used to set surimi gel provide an adequate margin of safety with regard to C. botulinum type E. RP RHODEHAMEL, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 1991 VL 56 IS 6 BP 1562 EP & DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb08640.x PG 0 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA GV361 UT WOS:A1991GV36100026 ER PT J AU WEST, T AF WEST, T TI EARLY STATE EFFORTS SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article RP WEST, T (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 89 IS 11 BP 36 EP 36 PG 1 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA GM791 UT WOS:A1991GM79100018 ER PT J AU ZHANG, PF KLUTCH, M ARMSTRONG, G QUALTIERE, L PEARSON, G MARCUSSEKURA, CJ AF ZHANG, PF KLUTCH, M ARMSTRONG, G QUALTIERE, L PEARSON, G MARCUSSEKURA, CJ TI MAPPING OF THE EPITOPES OF EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS GP350 USING MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES AND RECOMBINANT PROTEINS EXPRESSED IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI DEFINES 3 ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-B; MEMBRANE ANTIGEN; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; RECEPTOR CR-2; DNA-SEQUENCE; GENE; IDENTIFICATION; VACCINE; CELLS AB The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) major surface membrane antigen (MA), gp350/220, induces antibodies that neutralize virus infectivity in vitro. The MA glycoprotein is encoded by nucleotides 1784 to 4504 of the BamHI L fragment of the EBV genome. To define the antigenic epitopes on gp350, sequences encoding portions of the protein were cloned into an Escherichia coli expression system and eight recombinant clones were generated, two overlapping clones representing the C terminus and six overlapping clones representing the N terminus. The epitopes expressed by the recombinant proteins were mapped using 14 anti-MA monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in a dot blot immunoassay. One of the MAbs reacted with clones that express the C terminus of gp350 and three others reacted with clones expressing the N terminal portion of the protein; the remaining MAbs tested were not reactive with the cloned proteins. The data identify three antigenic determinants on gp350. DNA sequences encoding these epitopes are located between nucleotides 1980 and 2307, 3186 and 3528, and 3528 and 3576 of the BamHI L fragment. In an attempt to elicit neutralizing antibodies, rabbits were immunized with gel-purified recombinant proteins from four of the clones. Neutralization assays indicate that the proteins expressed by these clones do not induce in vitro virus-neutralizing antibodies. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,DEPT MICROBIOL,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA HARVEST HOUSE 62 LONDON ROAD, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 5AS SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 72 BP 2747 EP 2755 DI 10.1099/0022-1317-72-11-2747 PN 11 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA GP521 UT WOS:A1991GP52100019 PM 1719128 ER PT J AU SIEGEL, FR BARROWS, JAN BARROWS, EM AF SIEGEL, FR BARROWS, JAN BARROWS, EM TI BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROSPECTING FOR GOLD-BEARING QUARTZ VEINS OF THE PIEDMONT, GREAT FALLS, MARYLAND SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION LA English DT Article ID EXPLORATION; PLANTS AB A plant-soil chemistry exploration survey of gold-quartz mineralization in the Wissahickon Formation of the Appalachian Piedmont was done in the vicinity of the Ford Mine, near Great Falls, Maryland, USA. Leaf samples were collected from nine plant species available at 73 sites: Acer rubrum (red maple), Asimina triloba (pawpaw), Carpinus caroliniana (ironwood), Cornus florida (flowering dogwood), Fagus grandifolia (American beech), Kalmia latifolia (mountain laurel), Nyssa sylvatica (black gum), Polystichum acrostichoides (Christmas fern), and Viburnum acerifolium (maple-leaf viburnum). Soil samples from the B horizon (< 0.15 mm size fraction) were collected at all locations. Seven samples of F. grandifolia and seven corresponding soil samples along one traverse across the mineralization, and two to three samples of other plant species, plus six soil samples along a second traverse (38 samples in all) were analysed for Au, As, Sb, Br, Na and K by the neutron activation method. All plant samples (150) and soils were analysed for Zn and Cu by atomic absorption spectrometry. In soils, high concentrations of Au (33 ppb), Sb (1.8 ppm), Zn (646 ppm), and a high K2O/Na2O value (9.6) were directly related spatially to a gold-quartz vein along one traverse. F. grandifolia had strong concentrations of Au (to 17 ppb) and Zn (to 104 ppm) and a high K2O/Na2O (to 136) value displaced downslope up to 140 m from the vein along this same traverse. Soil would be the best prospecting sample in these situations. Of the nine plants species analysed (n = 25), one specimen of N. sylvatica of three analysed had the highest Au content (66 ppb vs. < 0.1 ppb in the corresponding soil). Other high values observed were for V. acerifolium in both samples analysed (19 and 16 ppb), and for F. grandifolia in two of seven samples analysed (17 and 12 ppb). These species may be accumulators of Au. In the study zone, only F. grandifolia has a dense enough areal distribution so as to make it useful in biogeochemical exploration for Au. C1 US FDA,DIV COLOR & COSMET,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. RP SIEGEL, FR (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT GEOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20052, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-6742 J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR JI J. Geochem. Explor. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 41 IS 3 BP 275 EP 289 DI 10.1016/0375-6742(91)90003-D PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA GT066 UT WOS:A1991GT06600002 ER PT J AU CLOUSE, KA COSENTINO, LM WEIH, KA PYLE, SW ROBBINS, PB HOCHSTEIN, HD NATARAJAN, V FARRAR, WL AF CLOUSE, KA COSENTINO, LM WEIH, KA PYLE, SW ROBBINS, PB HOCHSTEIN, HD NATARAJAN, V FARRAR, WL TI THE HIV-1 GP120 ENVELOPE PROTEIN HAS THE INTRINSIC CAPACITY TO STIMULATE MONOKINE SECRETION SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; FACTOR-ALPHA; GLYCOPROTEIN GP120; SOLUBLE CD4; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; SYNCYTIUM FORMATION; SURFACE-ANTIGENS; HUMAN-MONOCYTES AB Results and conclusions concerning the ability of HIV glycoprotein (gp) 120 to stimulate monokine secretion have been equivocal, based on observations using natural gpl20 derived from infected human cells and a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell-derived recombinant fusion protein. Current studies were designed to determine whether differences in recombinant gpl20 proteins could result in failure to trigger monokine production. We found that natural gpl20 could stimulate monocytes to release TNF-alpha, IL-1-beta, IL-6, and granulocyte-macrophage-CSF, and this effect could be blocked with soluble CD4. Full-length rgpl20 either expressed from an adenovirus vector and purified from infected human cells, or derived from CHO cells, could function similarly. In contrast, full-length recombinant envelope protein expressed in a baculovirus system and a CHO cell-derived recombinant fusion protein tested previously, consistently failed to stimulate monokine production. The stimulatory capacity of both natural and full-length CHO cell-derived gpl20 was eliminated by heating at 100-degrees-C, and could be blocked with excess CHO cell-derived gpl20 fusion protein. Inasmuch as the baculovirus-expressed gpl20 and the CHO cell-derived recombinant fusion protein can bind to CD4, these results suggest that HIV gpl20 binding to CD4 on the monocyte surface may of itself be insufficient for stimulation of monokine secretion. Therefore, primary protein structure, as well as posttranslational protein modifications, may determine this activity. C1 PROGRAM RESOURCES INC DYNCORP, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA. NCI, FREDERICK CANC RES FACIL, DIV CANC TREATMENT, CYTOKINE MECHANISMS SECT, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA. GEORGETOWN UNIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20007 USA. RP CLOUSE, KA (reprint author), US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV CYTOKINE BIOL HFB-800, BETHESDA, MD 20205 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102]; NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-726231V] NR 77 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 1 PY 1991 VL 147 IS 9 BP 2892 EP 2901 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA GL580 UT WOS:A1991GL58000011 PM 1918997 ER PT J AU ROBBINS, JD LAURENZA, A KOSLEY, RW OMALLEY, GJ SPAHL, B SEAMON, KB AF ROBBINS, JD LAURENZA, A KOSLEY, RW OMALLEY, GJ SPAHL, B SEAMON, KB TI (AMINOALKYL)CARBAMATES OF FORSKOLIN - INTERMEDIATES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONALIZED DERIVATIVES OF FORSKOLIN WITH DIFFERENT SPECIFICITIES FOR ADENYLYL CYCLASE AND THE GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DITERPENE FORSKOLIN; ANALOGS; SITES; 7-DESACETYLFORSKOLIN; (+/-)-FORSKOLIN; INHIBITION; ACTIVATION AB (Aminoalkyl)carbamates of forskolin were synthesized at the 6- and 7-hydroxyl positions of forskolin with the length of the alkyl chain varying from ethyl to heptyl. Two of these derivatives, 7-[[(2-aminoethyl)amino]carbonyl]-7-desacetylforskolin (2) and 6-[[(2-aminoethyl)amino]carbonyl]forskolin (3), were used to synthesize iodinated derivatives of forskolin that bind with high affinity to adenylyl cyclase in bovine brain membranes and the glucose transporter in human erythrocyte membranes, respectively. Hydroxyphenyl derivatives of forskolin were prepared from the (aminoalkyl)carbamates and tested for their ability to bind to adenylyl cyclase in bovine brain membranes and the glucose transporter in human erythrocyte membranes. The 6-derivative (18) of forskolin had a K(d) of 9 nM at adenylyl cyclase and was more potent than either the 7-derivatives or the 6-derivatives of 7-desacetylforskolin. The 7-derivatives were more potent at binding to the glucose transporter than forskolin. In contrast, the 6-derivatives had K(d)'s > 100-mu-M at the glucose transporter. Isothiocyanates and N-bromoacetyl derivatives were synthesized from 2 and 3 as potential alkylating agents for forskolin binding sites. The alkylating agents produced an irreversible loss of forskolin binding to adenylyl cyclase. In contrast, the alkylating agents bound reversibly to the glucose transporter. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. HOECHST ROUSSEL PHARMACEUT PROPRIETARY LTD,SOMERVILLE,NJ 08876. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 34 IS 11 BP 3204 EP 3212 DI 10.1021/jm00115a009 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GQ615 UT WOS:A1991GQ61500009 PM 1956039 ER PT J AU DZANIS, DA AF DZANIS, DA TI SAFETY OF ETHOXYQUIN IN DOG FOODS SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WALTHAM INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON THE NUTRITION OF SMALL COMPANION ANIMALS CY SEP 04-08, 1990 CL UNIV CALIF, SCH VET MED, DAVIS, CA SP WALTHAM CTR PET NUTR HO UNIV CALIF, SCH VET MED DE SYMPOSIUM; DOGS; ETHOXYQUIN ID VITAMIN-E-DEFICIENCY; BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE; NEOPLASTIC LESIONS; ANTIOXIDANTS; RATS; INDUCTION; CARCINOGENESIS; ACETAMINOPHEN; KIDNEY; LIVER RP DZANIS, DA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ANIM FEED SAFETY BRANCH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 121 IS 11 SU S BP S163 EP S164 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA GN810 UT WOS:A1991GN81000053 PM 1941216 ER PT J AU QIAN, MX FINCO, TS MEHTA, M VISWANATHAN, CT GALLO, JM AF QIAN, MX FINCO, TS MEHTA, M VISWANATHAN, CT GALLO, JM TI PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF DRUG-INTERACTIONS WITH ZIDOVUDINE .1. PROBENECID AND ZIDOVUDINE IN MONKEYS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CLEARANCES; AZT AB Pharmacokinetic evaluation of a drug interaction between zidovudine (AZT) and probenecid was conducted in monkeys. Six animals received 20 mg/kg of AZT as single intragastric (ig) and iv doses in the absence and presence of 50 mg/kg of probenecid administered ig. Plasma concentrations of AZT and its 5'-glucuronide metabolite (AZTG) were quantitated for 12 h by HPLC. Amounts of AZT and AZTG in urine were also measured, as were probenecid plasma concentrations. Non-compartmental methods were used to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters for AZT and AZTG. In the presence of probenecid, the total clearance of AZT decreased by 50%, renal clearance decreased, and elimination half-life increased. The volume of distribution at steady-state and systemic bioavailability of AZT were not significantly altered by probenecid. The areas under the plasma concentration-time curves and terminal half-lives of AZTG were increased, and renal clearances of AZTG were decreased. The alterations in AZT and AZTG pharmacokinetic parameters are consistent with inhibition of metabolism and renal tubular secretion by probenecid. Since AZT was administered by both oral and iv routes, clearance, volume of distribution, and bioavailability parameters were independently determined. Based on data reported for humans on the zidovudine-probenecid interaction, monkeys appear to be appropriate animal models for the evaluation of zidovudine drug interactions. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT,ATHENS,GA 30602. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. FU PHS HHS [223-89-3806] NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 80 IS 11 BP 1007 EP 1011 DI 10.1002/jps.2600801102 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA GP694 UT WOS:A1991GP69400001 PM 1815049 ER PT J AU CHICHILA, TM WALTERS, SM AF CHICHILA, TM WALTERS, SM TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF PARAQUAT AND DIQUAT IN CROPS USING A SILICA COLUMN WITH AQUEOUS IONIC MOBILE PHASE SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID QUATERNARY AMMONIUM-COMPOUNDS; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; BASIC DRUGS; EXTRACTION; SEPARATION; RESIDUES; POTATOES; ELUENTS; SERUM; URINE AB A method was developed for the determination of paraquat (PQ) and diquat (DQ) in high moisture food crops. Samples were digest with 6M HCl, and the herbicides were isolated from the digest using pH-controlled silica solid phase extraction. The analytes were then determined by ion-pairing liquid chromatography with a silica analytical column, sodium chloride as the ion-pairing reagent, and acetonitrile as the organic modifier. A diode array UV absorbance detector was used to simultaneously quantify PQ and DQ at their respective maximum absorbance wavelengths, 257 and 310 nm. Average recoveries of PQ and DQ standards from 4 different crops fortified at 0.01-0.50 ppm levels ranged from 79.3 to 104.8%. RP CHICHILA, TM (reprint author), US FDA,PESTICIDES & IND CHEM RES CTR,DETROIT,MI 48207, USA. NR 22 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 5 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD NOV-DEC PY 1991 VL 74 IS 6 BP 961 EP 967 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GQ646 UT WOS:A1991GQ64600017 PM 1661727 ER PT J AU HOPPER, ML AF HOPPER, ML TI ANALYSIS OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE-RESIDUES USING SIMULTANEOUS INJECTION OF 2 CAPILLARY COLUMNS WITH ELECTRON-CAPTURE AND ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTIVITY DETECTORS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID CHLORINATED PESTICIDES; TOTAL DIET AB A system has been developed that will allow low level screening of 31 organochlorine pesticide residues using simultaneous injection on 2 dissimilar capillary columns. An electron capture detector was attached to a DB-1701 column, and an electrolytic conductivity detector in the halogen mode was attached to a DB-5 column. Chlorinated pesticide amounts ranging from 0.05 ng for gamma-BHC to 1.5 ng for decamethrin can easily be quantitated and confirmed. The system can be used in either the column programmed mode or the isothermal column mode. Good reproducibility was obtained for injections in both modes. This system can easily be retrofitted to any gas chromatography using on column or split/splitless injectors. RP HOPPER, ML (reprint author), US FDA,TOTAL DIET RES CTR,1009 CHERRY ST,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD NOV-DEC PY 1991 VL 74 IS 6 BP 974 EP 981 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GQ646 UT WOS:A1991GQ64600019 PM 1757423 ER PT J AU NEWTON, JM ROTHMAN, BS WALKER, FA AF NEWTON, JM ROTHMAN, BS WALKER, FA TI SEPARATION AND DETERMINATION OF DIESEL CONTAMINANTS IN VARIOUS FISH PRODUCTS BY CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID OIL; HYDROCARBONS AB A semiquantitative capillary column gas chromatographic method is described for the determination of diesel fuel contamination in various canned seafood products. The diesel contaminants are separated from the fish sample by steam distillation, with little carry-over of interfering intrinsic materials such as fish oils. The diesel fuel is extracted from the condensate with n-hexane, and the extract is analyzed on an SPB-1 fused silica capillary column. The efficiency of recovery of diesel fuel added to canned seafood at levels of 40-400 ppt ranged from 72 to 102%. With the additional step of concentrating the hexane extract, the sensitivity of this procedure may be increased at least 10-fold. This procedure can detect the differences among diesel fuel grades No. 1,2, and 5, and variations within diesel grade No. 2, and thus may be useful in determining the type of petroleum contaminants present in various canned fish products. C1 SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94132. UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT CHEM,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP NEWTON, JM (reprint author), US FDA,50 UNITED NAT PLAZA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94102, USA. RI Walker, Frances/O-4395-2016 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD NOV-DEC PY 1991 VL 74 IS 6 BP 986 EP 990 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GQ646 UT WOS:A1991GQ64600021 PM 1757424 ER PT J AU NAKHASI, HL CAO, XQ ROUAULT, TA LIU, TY AF NAKHASI, HL CAO, XQ ROUAULT, TA LIU, TY TI SPECIFIC BINDING OF HOST-CELL PROTEINS TO THE 3'-TERMINAL STEM-LOOP STRUCTURE OF RUBELLA-VIRUS NEGATIVE-STRAND RNA SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBGENOMIC MESSENGER-RNA; DEFECTIVE INTERFERING RNAS; SINDBIS VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; GENOME RNA; REGION; GLYCOPROTEIN-E1; MUTAGENESIS; EVOLUTION; GENES AB At the 5' end of the rubella virus genomic RNA, there are sequences that can form a potentially stable stem-loop (SL) structure. The complementary negative-strand equivalent of the 5'-end SL structure of positive-strand rubella virus RNA [5' (+) SL structure] is thought to serve as a promoter for the initiation of positive-strand synthesis. We screened the negative-strand equivalent of the 5' (+) SL structure (64 nucleotides) and the adjacent region of the negative-strand RNA for their ability to bind to host cell proteins. Specific binding to the 64-nucleotide-long potential SL structure of three cytosolic proteins with relative molecular masses of 97, 79, and 56 kDa was observed by UV-induced covalent cross-linking. There was a significant increase in the binding of the 97-kDa protein from cells upon infection with rubella virus. Altering the SL structure by deleting sequences in either one of the two potential loops abolished the binding interaction. The 56-kDa protein also appeared to bind specifically to an SL derived from the 3' end of positive-strand RNA. The 3'-terminal structure of rubella virus negative-strand RNA shared the same protein-binding activity with similar structures in alphaviruses, such as Sindbis virus and eastern equine encephalitis virus. A possible role for the host proteins in the replication of rubella virus and alphaviruses is discussed. C1 NIAID,CELL BIOL & METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP NAKHASI, HL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 29 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 65 IS 11 BP 5961 EP 5967 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA GL296 UT WOS:A1991GL29600036 PM 1920622 ER PT J AU BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D SMITH, CC SMITH, GE AF BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D SMITH, CC SMITH, GE TI A PREDOMINANT GROUP-SPECIFIC NEUTRALIZING EPITOPE OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 MAPS TO RESIDUE-342 TO RESIDUE-511 OF THE ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN-GP120 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AIDS VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SOLUBLE CD4; HTLV-III; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; GP120; HIV; INFECTIVITY; RETROVIRUS; IDENTIFICATION AB Recombinant native human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins gp160 and gp120 (residues 1 to 511) expressed in insect cells quantitatively adsorbed the group-specific neutralizing antibodies found in human sera. However, these antibodies were not adsorbed by envelope fragment 1 to 471 or 472 to 857 or by both fragments sequentially, even though together they add up to the full-length gp160 sequence. A hybrid envelope glycoprotein was constructed with residues 342 to 511 of the HIV-1 sequence and residues 1 to 399 of the simian immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequence to vary the HIV-1 sequence while preserving its conformation. This hybrid glycoprotein quantitatively adsorbed human neutralizing antibodies, while native simian immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein did not. These results identify a new neutralizing epitope that depends on conformation and maps to residues 342 to 511 of gp120. It overlaps the extended CD4-binding site but is distinct from the V3 loop described previously (K. Javaherian et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:6768-6772, 1989; J. R. Rusche et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:3198-3202). Since it is conserved among diverse HIV-1 isolates, this new epitope may be a suitable target for future vaccine development. C1 MICROGENESYS INC,MERIDEN,CT 06450. RP BERKOWER, I (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,NIH CAMPUS,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 47 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 65 IS 11 BP 5983 EP 5990 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA GL296 UT WOS:A1991GL29600039 PM 1717712 ER PT J AU WALLINGFORD, JC YETLEY, EA AF WALLINGFORD, JC YETLEY, EA TI DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEALTH CLAIMS REGULATIONS - THE CASE OF OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS AND HEART-DISEASE SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID FISH-OIL CONCENTRATE; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SERUM-LIPIDS; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIC SUBJECTS; LIPOPROTEIN COMPOSITION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PLASMA-FIBRINOGEN; PLATELET-FUNCTION RP WALLINGFORD, JC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,CLIN NUTR BRANCH,200 C ST,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 80 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT LIFE SCIENCES INST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST SUBSCRIPTION OFFICE, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 49 IS 11 BP 323 EP 331 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA GT557 UT WOS:A1991GT55700001 PM 1771032 ER PT J AU LEVANDOWSKI, RA REGNERY, HL STATON, E BURGESS, BG WILLIAMS, MS GROOTHUIS, JR AF LEVANDOWSKI, RA REGNERY, HL STATON, E BURGESS, BG WILLIAMS, MS GROOTHUIS, JR TI ANTIBODY-RESPONSES TO INFLUENZA-B VIRUSES IN IMMUNOLOGICALLY UNPRIMED CHILDREN SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE CROSS-REACTIVE ANTIBODIES; IMMUNIZATION; INFLUENZA-B VIRUSES; INFLUENZA VACCINES ID PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; NATURAL INFECTION; WHOLE-VIRUS; VACCINES; NEURAMINIDASE; VACCINATION; EPIDEMICS; IMMUNITY; HOUSTON AB The cocirculation in several parts of the world of influenza viruses B/Yamagata/16/88 and B/Victoria/2/87, which are genetically and antigenically divergent, has prompted the question of whether immunization with one viral antigen is sufficient for protection against both strains. Twenty-three high-risk infants and young children were immunized with a commercial trivalent influenza vaccine containing the antigens of influenza virus B/Yamagata/16/88. When antibodies against influenza viruses B/Yamagata/16/88 and B/Victoria/2/87 were determined, increases developed uniformly to both in the sera of primed children previously exposed to influenza virus B/Victoria/2/87 by immunization or infection. Antibodies against B/Yamagata/16/88 developed in the sera of unprimed children with titers similar to those of the primed children. However, antibodies to B/Victoria/2/87 were not detected in the sera of the unprimed children. These data suggest that children without appropriate immunologic priming may not be protected against an infection with a B/Victoria/2/87 strain after vaccination with a B/Yamagata/16/88 strain. Immunization with more than one influenza B virus strain may be desirable in some high-risk pediatric patients if divergent influenza B viruses circulate. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,DENVER,CO 80202. RP LEVANDOWSKI, RA (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-69]; PHS HHS [223-85-1102] NR 27 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 1991 VL 88 IS 5 BP 1031 EP 1036 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA GM934 UT WOS:A1991GM93400022 PM 1945607 ER PT J AU FLIGIEL, SEG BEALS, TF TASHKIN, DP PAULE, MG SCALLET, AC ALI, SF BAILEY, JR SLIKKER, W AF FLIGIEL, SEG BEALS, TF TASHKIN, DP PAULE, MG SCALLET, AC ALI, SF BAILEY, JR SLIKKER, W TI MARIJUANA EXPOSURE AND PULMONARY ALTERATIONS IN PRIMATES SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON CANNABIS AND THE CANNABINOIDS CY JUL, 1990 CL CRETE, GREECE DE PRIMATES; INHALATION; SMOKING; MARIJUANA; CANNABINOIDS; LUNG; MORPHOLOGY; PATHOLOGY ID PATHOLOGIC-CHANGES; SMALL AIRWAYS; MARIHUANA; SMOKING; SMOKERS; INHALATION; TOBACCO; RATS AB As part of a large multidisciplinary study, we examined lungs from 24 periadolescent male rhesus monkeys that were sacrificed seven months after daily marijuana smoke inhalation of 12 months duration. Animals were divided into four exposure groups: A) high-dose (one marijuana cigarette 7 days/week), B) low-dose (one marijuana cigarette 2 days/week and sham smoke 5 days/week), C) placebo (one extracted marijuana cigarette 7 days/week), and D) sham (sham smoke 7 days/week). Lungs, removed intact, were formalin inflated, sectioned and examined. Several pathological alterations, including alveolitis, alveolar cell hyperplasia and granulomatous inflammation, were found with higher frequency in all cigarette-smoking groups. Other alterations, such as bronchiolitis, bronchiolar squamous metaplasia and interstitial fibrosis, were found most frequently in the marijuana-smoking groups. Alveolar cell hyperplasia with focal atypia was seen only in the marijuana-smoking animals. These changes represent mostly early alterations of small airways. Additional follow-up studies are needed to determine their long-term prognostic significance. C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,ALLEN PK,MI 48101. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PATHOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. VET ADM MED CTR,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP FLIGIEL, SEG (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL 113,SOUTHFIELD & OUTER DR,ALLEN PK,MI 48101, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01-DA-03018]; ONDIEH CDC HHS [RA-ND-89-02]; PHS HHS [224-83-005] NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 40 IS 3 BP 637 EP 642 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90375-C PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GR804 UT WOS:A1991GR80400030 PM 1806951 ER PT J AU CABRAL, GA STINNETT, AL BAILEY, J ALI, SF PAULE, MG SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W AF CABRAL, GA STINNETT, AL BAILEY, J ALI, SF PAULE, MG SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W TI CHRONIC MARIJUANA SMOKE ALTERS ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGE MORPHOLOGY AND PROTEIN EXPRESSION SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON CANNABIS AND THE CANNABINOIDS CY JUL, 1990 CL CRETE, GREECE DE CHRONIC MARIJUANA SMOKE; DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; MACROPHAGE MORPHOLOGY; MACROPHAGE PROTEIN ID DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; CELLS; CANNABINOIDS; LYMPHOCYTES; TOBACCO; ABUSE; NA+; K+ AB Male rhesus monkeys were subjected to chronic exposure to marijuana smoke. High dose animals (HI) were exposed 7 days/week to 1 MJ cigarette/day; low dose animals (LO) were exposed on 2 consecutive weekend days to 1 MJ cigarette/day; placebo animals (EM) were exposed to 1 ethanol-extracted MJ cigarette/day for 7 days/week; sham animals (SH) were exposed to sham smoking conditions 7 days/week. This regimen was maintained for 1 year and was followed by a 7 month rest period. Alveolar macrophages of animals exposed to the LO and HI dose smoking regimens exhibited irregular cell surface morphology, increased vacuolization, and a spherical conformation upon adherence to plastic. Gel protein profiles of purified macrophages from HI and LO animals showed marked differences in both constitutive and bacterial lipopolysaccharide-elicited protein expression when compared with those of macrophages from the EM or SH animals. These results indicate that chronic THC exposure alters macrophage morphology and protein expression to external stimuli even after a 7 month rest period. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP CABRAL, GA (reprint author), VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,BOX 678,RICHMOND,VA 23298, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [IAG 224-83-0005]; NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA03647] NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 40 IS 3 BP 643 EP 649 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90376-D PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GR804 UT WOS:A1991GR80400031 PM 1806952 ER PT J AU SCALLET, AC AF SCALLET, AC TI NEUROTOXICOLOGY OF CANNABIS AND THC - A REVIEW OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE STUDIES IN ANIMALS SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON CANNABIS AND THE CANNABINOIDS CY JUL, 1990 CL CRETE, GREECE DE NEUROTOXICOLOGY; MORPHOMETRY; CANNABIS; MARIJUANA; THC; HIPPOCAMPUS; RATS; MONKEYS; GOLGI; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY ID RHESUS-MONKEYS; DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL THC; BRAIN MEMBRANES; RAT-BRAIN; PREGNANCY; MARIJUANA; WITHDRAWAL; TOLERANCE; RECEPTOR; TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL AB Several laboratories have reported that chronic exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or marijuana extracts persistently altered the structure and function of the rat hippocampus, a paleocortical brain region involved with learning and memory processes in both rats and humans. Certain choices must be made in designing experiments to evaluate cannabis neurotoxicity, such as dose, route of administration, duration of exposure, age at onset of exposure, species of subjects, whether or how long to allow withdrawal, and which endpoints or biomarkers of neurotoxicity to measure. A review of the literature suggests that both age during exposure and duration of exposure may be critical determinants of neurotoxicity. Cannabinoid administration for at least three months (8-10% of a rat's lifespan) was required to produce neurotoxic effects in peripubertal rodents, which would be comparable to about three years exposure in rhesus monkeys and seven to ten years in humans. Studies of monkeys after up to 12 months of daily exposure have not consistently reported neurotoxicity, and the results of longer exposures have not yet been studied. RP SCALLET, AC (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES DR,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU PHS HHS [224-83-0005] NR 56 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 40 IS 3 BP 671 EP 676 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90380-K PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GR804 UT WOS:A1991GR80400035 PM 1666926 ER PT J AU ALI, SF NEWPORT, GD SCALLET, AC PAULE, MG BAILEY, JR SLIKKER, W AF ALI, SF NEWPORT, GD SCALLET, AC PAULE, MG BAILEY, JR SLIKKER, W TI CHRONIC MARIJUANA SMOKE EXPOSURE IN THE RHESUS-MONKEY .4. NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECTS AND COMPARISON TO ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL (THC) IN RATS SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON CANNABIS AND THE CANNABINOIDS CY JUL, 1990 CL CRETE, GREECE DE MARIJUANA SMOKE; DELTA-9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; RAT BRAIN; MONKEY BRAIN; MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR ID MOUSE-BRAIN SYNAPTOSOMES; NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE; CANNABINOIDS; RECEPTOR; DELTA9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL; TRANSMISSION; TOLERANCE; DOPAMINE; BINDING; AMINES AB THC is the major psychoactive constituent of marijuana and is known to produce psychopharmacological effects in humans. These studies were designed to determine whether acute or chronic exposure to marijuana smoke or THC produces in vitro or in vivo neurochemical alterations in rat or monkey brain. For the in vitro study, THC was added (1-100 nM) to membranes prepared from different regions of the rat brain and muscarinic cholinergic (MCh) receptor binding was measured. For the acute in vivo study, rats were injected IP with vehicle, 1, 3, 10, or 30 mg THC/kg and sacrificed 2 h later. For the chronic study, rats were gavaged with vehicle or 10 or 20 mg THC/kg daily, 5 days/week for 90 days and sacrificed either 24 h or 2 months later. Rhesus monkeys were exposed to the smoke of a single 2.6% THC cigarette once a day, 2 or 7 days a week for 1 year. Approximately 7 months after the last exposure, animals were sacrificed by overdose with pentobarbital for neurochemical analyses. In vitro exposure to THC produced a dose-dependent inhibition of MCh receptor binding in several brain areas. This inhibition of MCh receptor binding, however, was also observed with two other nonpsychoactive derivatives of marijuana, cannabidiol and cannabinol. In the rat in vivo study, we found no significant changes in MCh or other neurotransmitter receptor binding in hippocampus, frontal cortex or caudate nucleus after acute or chronic exposure to THC. In the monkey brain, we found no alterations in the concentration of neurotransmitters in caudate nucleus, frontal cortex, hypothalamus or brain stem. These data indicate that the in vitro effects of THC on MCh receptor binding are not observed in vivo in the rat. Neither chronic THC exposure in the rat nor chronic marijuana smoke exposure in the monkey resulted in any neurochemical alterations in the systems examined. RP ALI, SF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES DR,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU PHS HHS [224-83-0005] NR 45 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 40 IS 3 BP 677 EP 682 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(91)90381-B PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GR804 UT WOS:A1991GR80400036 PM 1666927 ER PT J AU MAH, MCM BOLDT, J CULP, SJ MAHER, VM MCCORMICK, JJ AF MAH, MCM BOLDT, J CULP, SJ MAHER, VM MCCORMICK, JJ TI REPLICATION OF ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE-ADDUCTED PLASMIDS IN HUMAN-CELLS - SPECTRUM OF BASE SUBSTITUTIONS AND EVIDENCE OF EXCISION REPAIR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE SUPF GENE; DNA SEQUENCING; AROMATIC AMINE; DNA REPAIR; MUTATIONAL SPECTRUM ID INVITRO DNA-SYNTHESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CARCINOGEN; SPECIFICITY; SITES; 2-AMINOFLUORENE; AMINOFLUORENE; MUTAGENESIS; POLYMERASE; KINDS AB In rats fed the liver carcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), the two most abundant types of DNA adduct are N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene and its deacetylated derivative. When plasmids carrying AAF adducts replicate in bacteria, the predominant mutations are frameshifts, whereas with deacetylated (AF) adducts, they are mainly base substitutions, just as we found when plasmids carrying AF adducts replicated in human cells. We have investigated the frequency and spectrum of mutations induced when a shuttle vector carrying AAF adducts (85% bound to the C8 position of guanine, 15 % to the N2 position) replicated in human cells. The frequency induced per initial AAF adduct was higher than with AF adducts, but the kinds of mutations were similar-i.e., 85 % base substitutions, principally G.C --> T.A transversions. There was good correlation between the "hot spots" for mutations and hot spots for AAF adduct formation, suggesting that mutational hot spots reflect preferential binding of the carcinogen to DNA. P-32-postlabeling analysis of the adducts before and after the DNA was transfected into the human cells showed that there was no deacetylation of AAF adducts and that 85% of both types of adducts were removed within 3.5 hr, most probably by excision repair. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,E LANSING,MI 48824. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MAH, MCM (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FEE HALL,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA21253] NR 19 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV PY 1991 VL 88 IS 22 BP 10193 EP 10197 DI 10.1073/pnas.88.22.10193 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA GP895 UT WOS:A1991GP89500059 PM 1946440 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, LG LABORDE, JB SLIKKER, W AF ROBERTS, LG LABORDE, JB SLIKKER, W TI PHENYTOIN TERATOGENICITY AND MIDGESTATIONAL PHARMACOKINETICS IN MICE SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FETAL HYDANTOIN SYNDROME; COVALENT BINDING; INBRED STRAINS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; MOUSE; METABOLISM; DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN; EMBRYOTOXICITY; CARBAMAZEPINE; DISPOSITION AB Mice of the A/J and C57BL/6J (C57) strains were dosed with phenytoin (PHT) every 48 hr throughout pregnancy by gastric intubation to test the hypothesis that maternal plasma PHT concentration may be the significant factor in determining PHT reproductive and developmental toxicity. Serial serum samples were obtained from each mouse from gestation day (GD) 10-GD 12 for determination of individual dam PHT pharmacokinetics. Maximum PHT concentration and PHT AUC (area under-the-time-concentration curve) were regressed to laparotomy and fetal evaluation endpoints to determine whether significant association existed. Although serum PHT concentrations exceeded levels associated with teratogenicity (> 10-mu-g/ml), few major malformations were induced in either strain. However, in the A/J strain, there was a significant increased incidence of hydrocephaly and open eyelid. Regression of pharmacokinetic parameters with embryo and maternal endpoints indicated significant associations between gestational weight gain and maximum concentration measured (C(max)) or AUC in both strains. This association was also found for fetal weight in the C57 strain. In the A/J strain, the induction of decreased ossification of the sternebrae was also associated with maternal PHT concentration; however, linear regression of hydrocephaly and open eyelid to PHT concentration was not statistically significant. These results suggest that maternal plasma PHT concentration may be a quantifiable determinant of certain aspects of PHT developmental toxicity in the mouse. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD NOV PY 1991 VL 44 IS 5 BP 497 EP 505 DI 10.1002/tera.1420440504 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA GK561 UT WOS:A1991GK56100003 PM 1771592 ER PT J AU LAMB, MA FRICKE, WA RASTOGI, SC AF LAMB, MA FRICKE, WA RASTOGI, SC TI STANDARDIZATION OF FACTOR-IX - STANDARDS FOR PURIFIED FACTOR-IX CONCENTRATES SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-VIII; ASSAYS AB An international collaborative study was carried out to determine the suitability of the current WHO II-IX-X concentrate standard, 84/681, for assigning potency to the more highly purified factor IX concentrates. Three Coagulation Factor IX (Human) preparations and one Factor IX Complex preparation were assayed by the one stage method against WHO 84/681 following predilution to 1.0-mu-u/ml in buffer, 1% albumin, or factor IX deficient plasma. There were no cases of non-parallelism between any of the preparations and the current WHO standard. Predilution of the Coagulation Factor IX (Human) preparations in 1% albumin or factor IX deficient plasma gave similar potency values. Predilution in buffer gave significantly lower (p < 0.01) potency values. For the Factor IX Complex preparation, potency estimates were significantly different (p < 0.01) with each prediluent. The overall precision was similar within each predilution for all preparations with predilution in buffer being less precise than predilution in albumin or in deficient plasma. WHO standard 84/681 appears to be a suitable standard for the potency determination of the more highly purified factor IX preparations. Predilution in 1% albumin or factor IX deficient plasma is recommended as they give equivalent results with the least variability. RP LAMB, MA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD NOV 1 PY 1991 VL 66 IS 5 BP 548 EP 551 PG 4 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA GM147 UT WOS:A1991GM14700007 PM 1803618 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, GR SAEKI, T AUERSPERG, N GORDON, AW SHOYAB, M SALOMON, DS STROMBERG, K AF JOHNSON, GR SAEKI, T AUERSPERG, N GORDON, AW SHOYAB, M SALOMON, DS STROMBERG, K TI RESPONSE TO AND EXPRESSION OF AMPHIREGULIN BY OVARIAN-CARCINOMA AND NORMAL OVARIAN SURFACE EPITHELIAL-CELLS - NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION OF ENDOGENOUS AMPHIREGULIN SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; TRANSLOCATION; ANTIBODY; CULTURE; LINE C1 NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT ANAT,VANCOUVER V6T 1W5,BC,CANADA. ONCOGEN,BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,SEATTLE,WA 98121. RP JOHNSON, GR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 20 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD OCT 31 PY 1991 VL 180 IS 2 BP 481 EP 488 DI 10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81090-3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GM638 UT WOS:A1991GM63800004 PM 1953719 ER PT J AU GUIDRY, AJ SQUIGGINS, KE VANN, WF WESTHOFF, DC AF GUIDRY, AJ SQUIGGINS, KE VANN, WF WESTHOFF, DC TI PREVENTION OF NONSPECIFIC-BINDING OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN TO STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS PROTEIN-A IN ELISA ASSAYS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE PROTEIN-A; ELISA; FC; TRYPSIN ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SEPHAROSE; FRAGMENTS; IMMUNOSORBENT; IGG; FAB AB The Fc region of IgG of most mammals binds protein A on S. aureus resulting in high backgrounds when measuring specific antibodies to S. aureus in the ELISA. Removal of protein A from S. aureus or modification of the Ig Fc to prevent binding to protein A could affect specific antibody binding. We compared effects of blockage of Fc binding to protein A with purified protein A to trypsin removal of protein A from S. aureus, on specific antibody binding. When NMS was incubated without and with protein A (0-mu-g, 50-mu-g, 200-mu-g and 400-mu-g) and high protein A Cowan I was the bound S. aureus antigen in the ELISA, absorbance OD405 was 0.769, 0.240, 0.224 and 0.210 +/- SE 0.026. When mouse Mab (IgG(1,kappa) to bovine IgA was incubated without and with protein A (400-mu-g) prior to reaction with bovine IgA in the ELISA, absorbance was 0.645 and 0.639, indicating protein A had no effect on specific antibody binding. To determine the effect of trypsin on specific binding, Becker S. aureus was trypsin treated before linking it to microtiter wells. When Mab (IgM) to Becker (Nelles et al., Infect. Immun. (1985) 49, 14) was incubated with protein A (400-mu-g) before use in the ELISA, trypsin treatment of Becker resulted in reduced specific antibody activity (untreated Becker = 1.306, trypsin treated Becker = 0.331). These results suggest that purified protein A can be used to block nonspecific binding via Fc of Ig to S. aureus, thus avoiding trypsin denaturation of surface antigens. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ANIM SCI,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD OCT 25 PY 1991 VL 143 IS 2 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.1016/0022-1759(91)90041-D PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA GM786 UT WOS:A1991GM78600003 PM 1940386 ER PT J AU BUSCH, MP MOSLEY, JW ALTER, HJ EPSTEIN, JS AF BUSCH, MP MOSLEY, JW ALTER, HJ EPSTEIN, JS TI CASE OF HIV-1 TRANSMISSION BY ANTIGEN-POSITIVE, ANTIBODY-NEGATIVE BLOOD - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; P24 ANTIGEN; DONORS C1 UNIV SO CALIF,LOS ANGELES,CA 90032. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BUSCH, MP (reprint author), IRWIN MEM BLOOD CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94118, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 17 PY 1991 VL 325 IS 16 BP 1175 EP 1175 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GK538 UT WOS:A1991GK53800021 ER PT J AU LEVINE, WC SMART, JF ARCHER, DL BEAN, NH TAUXE, RV AF LEVINE, WC SMART, JF ARCHER, DL BEAN, NH TAUXE, RV TI FOODBORNE DISEASE OUTBREAKS IN NURSING-HOMES, 1975 THROUGH 1987 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ROTAVIRUS INFECTION; SALMONELLA; GASTROENTERITIS; TRANSMISSION; SURVEILLANCE; FACILITIES; HOSPITALS; GUIDELINE AB Objective. - To describe the epidemiology of foodborne disease outbreaks in nursing homes and to identify where preventive efforts might be focused. Data Sources. - Reports by state and local health departments of foodborne disease outbreaks occurring from January 1, 1975, through December 31, 1987. Study Selection. - Foodborne disease outbreaks reported to the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga, on standard investigation forms. Data Extraction. - Each foodborne disease outbreak report was examined by an epidemiologist or statistician. Outbreaks were considered to have a known pathogen if confirmed by laboratory tests, and a known vehicle when an epidemiologic investigation implicated a specific food item. Data Synthesis. - From 1975 through 1987, 26 states reported 115 outbreaks of foodborne disease in nursing homes, causing illness in 4944 persons and death in 51. These outbreaks represented 2% of all reported foodborne disease outbreaks and 19% of outbreak-associated deaths in this period. Of 52 outbreaks with a known cause, Salmonella was the most frequently reported pathogen, accounting for 52% of outbreaks and 81% of deaths. Salmonella enteritidis outbreaks accounted for 56% of the Salmonella-associated deaths since 1981. The implicated food vehicles in S enteritidis outbreaks were made with eggs or prepared with equipment contaminated with eggs. Staphylococcal foodborne disease was the next most commonly identified cause, accounting for 23% of outbreaks. Conclusions. - Since the elderly are at high risk for serious morbidity from foodborne disease, nursing homes should practice careful food handling, preparation, and storage procedures; provide education for food handlers; and have active infection control programs to rapidly detect and control outbreaks of foodborne disease. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LEVINE, WC (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,ENTER DIS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 45 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 16 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 15 BP 2105 EP 2109 DI 10.1001/jama.266.15.2105 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GJ474 UT WOS:A1991GJ47400031 PM 1656108 ER PT J AU CHO, BP EVANS, FE AF CHO, BP EVANS, FE TI CORRELATION BETWEEN NMR SPECTRAL PARAMETERS OF NUCLEOSIDES AND ITS IMPLICATION TO THE CONFORMATION ABOUT THE GLYCOSYL BOND SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; PROTON COUPLING-CONSTANTS; ANTI DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM; PURINE NUCLEOSIDES; PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOSIDES; ADENINE NUCLEOSIDES; TORSION ANGLE; NUCLEOTIDES; SYN; C-13 C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD OCT 15 PY 1991 VL 180 IS 1 BP 273 EP 278 DI 10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81288-4 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GL312 UT WOS:A1991GL31200043 PM 1930225 ER PT J AU POLLARD, HB ROJAS, E PASTOR, RW ROJAS, EM GUY, HR BURNS, AL AF POLLARD, HB ROJAS, E PASTOR, RW ROJAS, EM GUY, HR BURNS, AL TI SYNEXIN - MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF CALCIUM-DEPENDENT MEMBRANE-FUSION AND VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT CALCIUM-CHANNEL ACTIVITY - EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT OF THE HYDROPHOBIC BRIDGE HYPOTHESIS FOR EXOCYTOTIC MEMBRANE-FUSION SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYER MEMBRANES; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; F-ACTIN INTERACTIONS; CHROMAFFIN GRANULE; BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES; DYNAMICS SIMULATION; MODEL MEMBRANES; H-2 NMR; VESICLES C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,MATH BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP POLLARD, HB (reprint author), NIDDKD,CELL BIOL & GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 60 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD OCT 14 PY 1991 VL 635 BP 328 EP 351 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb36503.x PG 24 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM206 UT WOS:A1991JM20600029 PM 1660240 ER PT J AU BURNS, AL MAGENDZO, K SRIVASTAVA, M ROJAS, E CULTRARO, C DELAFUENTE, M HELDMAN, J PARRA, C POLLARD, HB AF BURNS, AL MAGENDZO, K SRIVASTAVA, M ROJAS, E CULTRARO, C DELAFUENTE, M HELDMAN, J PARRA, C POLLARD, HB TI PROPERTIES AND MODIFICATION OF RECOMBINANT HUMAN SYNEXIN (ANNEXIN VII) SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE-FUSION; CHROMAFFIN GRANULES; CALCIUM; CHANNELS; PROTEIN; BILAYER C1 US FDA,DIV CARDIORENAL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BURNS, AL (reprint author), NIDDKD,CELL BIOL & GENET LAB,BLDG 8,ROOM 403,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD OCT 14 PY 1991 VL 635 BP 450 EP 451 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb36524.x PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM206 UT WOS:A1991JM20600050 PM 1660250 ER PT J AU BRENNAN, MJ HANNAH, JH LEININGER, E AF BRENNAN, MJ HANNAH, JH LEININGER, E TI ADHESION OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS TO SULFATIDES AND TO THE GALNAC BETA 4GAL SEQUENCE FOUND IN GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ACTINOMYCES-NAESLUNDII; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; BINDING; ADHERENCE; GLYCOLIPIDS; NEUROPATHY; BACTERIA; LECTINS AB The adherence of the human respiratory pathogen, Bordetella pertussis, to purified glycosphingolipids was investigated using thin layer chromatography overlay assays. Both virulent and avirulent strains of B. pertussis bound to asialo G(M1). The bacterium did not bind to the gangliosides G(M1), G(D1a), G(D1b), and G(T1b), nor to lactosylceramide, trihexosylceramide, globoside, or Forssman antigen. However, after treatment of the chromatography plates with sialidase, B. pertussis bound to the gangliosides G(M1), G(M2), G(D1a), G(D1b), and G(T1b) but not to G(M3). Comparison of the oligosaccharide structures of these gangliosides suggests that the minimum sugar structure needed for avid bacterial binding is GalNAc-beta-4Gal. This structure has been previously implicated as a receptor for other human respiratory pathogens (Krivan, H. C., Roberts, D. D., Ginsburg, V. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 85, 6157-6161). Virulent strains of B. pertussis also bound specifically to sulfatide. This response was dose-dependent and inhibited by the anionic polysaccharide dextran sulfate. The sulfated-sugars dextran sulfate, fucoidan, and heparin inhibited the attachment of virulent strains of B. pertussis to human WiDr cells and to hamster trachea cells indicating that sulfatides on the surface of mammalian cells may function as a receptor for B. pertussis. The occurrence of both sulfatides and asialo G(M1) in human lung and trachea suggests that these glycolipids may serve as specific receptors for B. pertussis. RP BRENNAN, MJ (reprint author), US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV BACTERIAL PROD, 8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 33 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 5 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 28 BP 18827 EP 18831 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GJ472 UT WOS:A1991GJ47200066 PM 1918002 ER PT J AU FINLAYSON, JS TANKERSLEY, DL AF FINLAYSON, JS TANKERSLEY, DL TI IMMUNOGLOBULIN THERAPY SO LANCET LA English DT Letter RP FINLAYSON, JS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD OCT 5 PY 1991 VL 338 IS 8771 BP 893 EP 894 DI 10.1016/0140-6736(91)91558-C PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GH945 UT WOS:A1991GH94500055 PM 1681255 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI CONCENTRATED MORPHINE APPROVED FOR USE IN CONTINUOUS MICROINFUSION DEVICES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 2 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 13 BP 1751 EP 1751 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GG551 UT WOS:A1991GG55100004 PM 1890706 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FDA-800 MEDICAL ADVERTISING INFORMATION LINE SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 2 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 13 BP 1751 EP 1751 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GG551 UT WOS:A1991GG55100005 PM 1890706 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PUBLIC HEARING ON ORGAN AND TISSUE-TRANSPLANTATION SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 2 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 13 BP 1751 EP 1751 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GG551 UT WOS:A1991GG55100003 PM 1890706 ER PT J AU DIMITROV, DS GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R AF DIMITROV, DS GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R TI INITIAL-STAGES OF HIV-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN-MEDIATED CELL-FUSION MONITORED BY A NEW ASSAY BASED ON REDISTRIBUTION OF FLUORESCENT DYES SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HTLV-III/LAV ENVELOPE; T-CELLS; SYNCYTIUM FORMATION; INFLUENZA HEMAGGLUTININ; AIDS RETROVIRUS; MEMBRANE-FUSION; VACCINIA VIRUS; INFECTION; RECEPTOR AB Membrane fusion is an essential step in the infection of permissive cells with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infected cells frequently fuse with each other, and then progress to form multinucleated giant cells (syncytia). To gain insight into mechanisms of HIV env-mediated membrane fusion, we developed a new assay for studying the initial events. The assay is based on the redistribution of fluorescent markers between membranes and cytoplasm of adjacent cells examined by means of fluorescence video microscopy. Membrane fusion between HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120/41) expressing effector cells and CD4+ target cells was observed 90 min after the association of cells, whereas the first syncytia only became apparent after 5 h. Moreover, membrane fusion events were observed under conditions where no syncytia were detected, for example, when the effector:target cell ratio was greater than 100:1, or less than 1:100. A significant number of cells with fused membranes were not involved in the syncytia. In order to determine whether quantitative differences in receptor expression might influence the extent of membrane fusion, we used laboratory-selected variants of CEM cells that differ in their expression of CD4. We found that CD4 is required on the target membrane for HIV env-mediated membrane fusion, but its extent is only partially dependent on CD4 surface concentration. The ability of those CEM variants to take part in HIV env-mediated membrane fusion did not correlate with their capacity to form syncytia. These findings indicate that additional steps are needed to form syncytia after membrane fusion. C1 NCI,MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT SECT,LMMB,BLDG 10,RM 4B56,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 44 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 7 IS 10 BP 799 EP 805 DI 10.1089/aid.1991.7.799 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA GM204 UT WOS:A1991GM20400003 PM 1742075 ER PT J AU CARROW, EW VUJCIC, LK GLASS, WL SEAMON, KB RASTOGI, SC HENDRY, RM BOULOS, R NZILA, N QUINNAN, GV AF CARROW, EW VUJCIC, LK GLASS, WL SEAMON, KB RASTOGI, SC HENDRY, RM BOULOS, R NZILA, N QUINNAN, GV TI HIGH PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES TO THE GP120 V3 REGION PRINCIPAL NEUTRALIZING DETERMINANT OF HIV-1MN IN SERA FROM AFRICA AND THE AMERICA SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED CHIMPANZEES; RECOMBINANT ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; SEROLOGICAL RESPONSES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ACID SEQUENCE; TYPE-1; AIDS; INDIVIDUALS AB Neutralizing antibodies (NA) against HIV-1MN and HIV-1IIIB, and antibodies binding to synthetic peptides (BA) derived from the gp120 envelope V3 region principal neutralizing determinants (PND) of the HIV-1MN, HIV-1IIIB, and HIV-1Z3 virus strains were assayed in HIV-1 antibody-positive sera from the United States, Haiti, Brazil, Zaire, and Zimbabwe. The ability of soluble PND peptide to block neutralization of the corresponding virus by representative sera was also tested. In each country, NA and BA titers were highest against the HIV-1MN strain, and compared with other countries, NA and BA titers against HIV-1MN were higher in sera from the United States and Haiti. When NA titers were compared with BA titers against either HIV-1MN or HIV-1IIIB, no correlation was found for the HIV-1IIIB strain, but there was a significant correlation for HIV-1MN. Addition of the HIV-1MN strain peptide to a neutralization assay for HIV-1MN resulted in a four- to tenfold reduction in NA titers in sera from the United States, Zaire, and Brazil. The results suggest that HIV-1MN and closely related variants are prevalent in many parts of the world, and that antibodies directed against the PND account for most of the neutralizing activity in sera of infected individuals. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOSTAT & EPIDEMIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,DIV LABS,VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94704. CTR DEV & HLTH,PORT AU PRINCE,HAITI. PROJECT SIDA,KINSHASA,ZAIRE. NR 45 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 7 IS 10 BP 831 EP 838 DI 10.1089/aid.1991.7.831 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA GM204 UT WOS:A1991GM20400007 PM 1720630 ER PT J AU PARK, YK KIM, I YETLEY, EA AF PARK, YK KIM, I YETLEY, EA TI CHARACTERISTICS OF VITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENT PRODUCTS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE VITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; VITAMINS; MINERALS; VITAMIN POTENCY; MINERAL POTENCY AB A 1986 nationwide survey of 11 775 adults 18 y or older and 1877 children 2-6 y old identified approximately 3400 different (unique) vitamin and mineral supplement products being taken. The most commonly included nutrient listed on the product labels was vitamin C, which was present in 50% of the unique products examined. Calcium and iron were the most commonly included minerals and were present in 25% of the unique products examined. Prenatal and children's chewable products came in a relatively narrow potency range and generally contained nutrients in amounts approximating or less than the US recommended daily allowances. These products also contained significant minimum amounts of nutrients. Potencies of products not targeted for use by these special groups, particularly those products that were self-prescribed, varied widely and ranged from insignificant to extremely large amounts of nutrients. Units used to declare product potency or to prescribe the dosage varied. RP PARK, YK (reprint author), US DEPT HHS,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DIV NUTR,200 C ST SW,HFF-265,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 27 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLIN NUTRITION INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 54 IS 4 BP 750 EP 759 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA GH337 UT WOS:A1991GH33700023 PM 1897482 ER PT J AU KACZMAREK, RG MOORE, RM MCCROHAN, J ARROWSMITHLOWE, JT CAQUELIN, C REYNOLDS, C ISRAEL, E AF KACZMAREK, RG MOORE, RM MCCROHAN, J ARROWSMITHLOWE, JT CAQUELIN, C REYNOLDS, C ISRAEL, E TI GLOVE USE BY HEALTH-CARE WORKERS - RESULTS OF A TRISTATE INVESTIGATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article AB The Center for Devices and Radiological Health, in collaboration with the state health departments of Iowa, Maryland, and Massachusetts, conducted a multistate, multiinstitutional investigation of glove use by health care workers (HCWs). Twenty-two hospitals and four ambulatory care centers were included in the investigation. All 26 health care facilities were found to have adopted universal precautions policies for glove use by HCWs, per Centers for Disease Control guidelines. Four hundred five observations were made of HCWs performing procedures that may involve contact with patient body fluids, particularly blood. The prevalence of glove use during selected procedures was as follows: arterial blood gas procedures, 92.3%; intravenous line initiation/maintenance, 77.6%; and phlebotomy, 70.6%. Glove use during phlebotomy (p < 0.001) and intravenous line procedures (p < 0.05) was significantly lower in the state with a prevalence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) below the national average than in the states with a higher AIDS prevalence. The investigation suggests that health care facilities have responded to the Centers for Disease Control and Occupational Safety and Health Administration campaign to adopt universal precaution policies for glove use by HCWs. Actual glove use by HCWs appears to be substantial but not universal. Glove use by HCWs is significantly related to statewide AIDS prevalence. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD OCT PY 1991 VL 19 IS 5 BP 228 EP 232 DI 10.1016/S0196-6553(05)80253-6 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA GK193 UT WOS:A1991GK19300003 PM 1661565 ER PT J AU HIGHT, SC RADER, JI AF HIGHT, SC RADER, JI TI USE OF THE HILDEBRAND GRID NEBULIZER FOR INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FOODWARE LEACH SOLUTIONS AND RODENT SOFT-TISSUES AND FEMURS SO ANALYST LA English DT Article DE INDUCTIVELY COUPLED ARGON PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY; GRID NEBULIZER; WASH-OUT TIME; MATRIX EFFECT; BONE AND BIOLOGICAL TISSUE ANALYSIS; LEACH SOLUTION ANALYSIS AB The Hildebrand grid nebulizer (HGN) was used for the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric determination of major, minor and trace elements in perchloric acid digests of rodent femurs, sulphuric acid digests of rodent soft tissues and in solutions leached from foodware using acetic acid. The HGN performed well when the signal-to-background ratio was optimized for each acid solution by adjusting the injector gas flow, solution uptake rate and observation height. Three problems were overcome while using the HGN: (i) nebulizer wash-out time was reduced by rinsing at high uptake rate with the solution to be analysed; (ii) clogging of the injector tip of the torch during femur analysis was minimized by extensive rinsing; and (iii) errors due to the suppression of the Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn signal intensities by matrix elements Ca and P in femur digests were eliminated by calibrating the spectrometer with matched matrix standard solutions. Over-all the precision of analysis for the leach and tissue solutions analysed in this study ranged from 0.5 to 2.9% relative standard deviation. C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP HIGHT, SC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PD OCT PY 1991 VL 116 IS 10 BP 1013 EP 1017 DI 10.1039/an9911601013 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GG331 UT WOS:A1991GG33100007 PM 1666270 ER PT J AU WYSOWSKI, DK BARASH, D AF WYSOWSKI, DK BARASH, D TI ADVERSE BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS ATTRIBUTED TO TRIAZOLAM IN THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATIONS SPONTANEOUS REPORTING SYSTEM SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA; HIP FRACTURE; RISK; SECONDARY; EPISODES AB Reports of adverse behavioral reactions to triazolam, a triazolobenzodiazepine ultra-short-acting hypnotic, were examined in the postmarketing surveillance Spontaneous Reporting System of the Food and Drug Administration. Reports for triazolam of confusion, amnesia, bizarre behavior, agitation, and hallucinations were compared with reports of these reactions for temazepam, another short-acting hypnotic. Analysis of individual case reports from marketing through 1985 for triazolam vs temazepam showed 133 vs two for confusion, 109 vs three for amnesia, 59 vs two for bizarre behavior, 58 vs four for agitation, and 40 vs one for hallucinations. Considering extent of use, reporting rates for triazolam were 22 to 99 times those for temazepam, depending on the reaction. Reactions to triazolam tended to occur at higher doses and in older patients. This and an updated analysis of aggregate reports for the first 7 years of marketing of each drug with reporting rates and adjustment for various factors suggest a higher occurrence of these reactions with triazolam, but selection factors cannot be completely ruled out. When treating insomnia, physicians should emphasize sleep hygiene practices as alternatives to drug therapy; if drug therapy is required, they should prescribe hypnotics at the lowest recommended doses for the shortest clinically necessary durations and discontinue medication use should any adverse reactions occur. RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 37 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 151 IS 10 BP 2003 EP 2008 DI 10.1001/archinte.151.10.2003 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GK641 UT WOS:A1991GK64100013 PM 1929688 ER PT J AU ASZALOS, A CHADHA, KL STADLER, I AMBRUS, JL AMBEUS, JL AF ASZALOS, A CHADHA, KL STADLER, I AMBRUS, JL AMBEUS, JL TI EFFECT OF AN INTERFERON INHIBITOR ON THE ANTIPROLIFERATIVE SIGNAL OF INTERFERON-ALPHA SO BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID POTASSIUM CHANNELS; KAPOSIS SARCOMA; AIDS C1 ROSWELL PK CANC INST, BUFFALO, NY 14263 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, DEPT MED, BUFFALO, NY 14222 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, DEPT EXPTL PATHOL, BUFFALO, NY 14222 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, DEPT CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL, BUFFALO, NY 14222 USA. WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT MED, ST LOUIS, MO 63130 USA. RP US FDA, DIV RES & TESTING, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0885-4505 J9 BIOCHEM MED METAB B PD OCT PY 1991 VL 46 IS 2 BP 267 EP 270 DI 10.1016/0885-4505(91)90075-V PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA GL311 UT WOS:A1991GL31100017 PM 1782017 ER PT J AU SOGNIER, MA NEFT, RE ROE, AL EBERLE, RL BELLI, JA AF SOGNIER, MA NEFT, RE ROE, AL EBERLE, RL BELLI, JA TI DOT-BLOT HYBRIDIZATION - QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS WITH DIRECT BETA COUNTING SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-DISEASE; CELL-LINE; DNA; AMPLIFICATION; RESISTANCE; PROBES; DAMAGE AB The suitability of using direct beta counting (DBC) for quantitating radioactivity of the probe: target complex in dot-blot hybridization was evaluated using a Packard Matrix 96TM. A comparison of blots analyzed using autoradiography followed by desitometry scanning (film/densitometry) with those analyzed using direct beta counting revealed similar data trends with the two methods. However, direct beta counting quantitated the amount of radioactivity in the dot blots directly (without film exposure or additional sample preparation), which significantly reduced the time required to obtain results. Blots analyzed first with direct beta counting and then liquid scintillation counting exhibited similar data trends with both methods. Despite a decreased counting efficiency, analysis with direct beta counting has the following advantages compared with liquid scintillation counting: 1) no additional sample preparation is required (no vials or cocktail are used), 2) no sample destruction occurs due to analysis and 3) quantitative results are obtained more rapidly (since the radioactivity for all 96 samples in a dot blot is simultaneously determined in real time). Analysis with direct beta counting was also shown not to interfere with the successful reprobing of stripped dot blots with either unique sequence or total genomic probes. Overall, direct beta counting provides quick, quantitative results for dot blots while saving considerable time and effort. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SOGNIER, MA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,DIV BIOL,DEPT RADIAT THERAPY,GALVESTON,TX 77550, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 34269] NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD OCT PY 1991 VL 11 IS 4 BP 520 EP & PG 0 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GJ841 UT WOS:A1991GJ84100020 PM 1793587 ER PT J AU FELDMAN, GM RUHL, S BICKEL, M FINBLOOM, DS PLUZNIK, DH AF FELDMAN, GM RUHL, S BICKEL, M FINBLOOM, DS PLUZNIK, DH TI REGULATION OF INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS ON MURINE MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS BY INTERLEUKIN-6 SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; MARROW-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; B-CELLS; IFN-GAMMA; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; LEUKEMIC-CELLS; UP-REGULATION RP FELDMAN, GM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,HFB-800,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B02,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 62 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD OCT 1 PY 1991 VL 78 IS 7 BP 1678 EP 1684 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA GH251 UT WOS:A1991GH25100006 PM 1912557 ER PT J AU TURESKY, RJ LANG, NP BUTLER, MA TEITEL, CH KADLUBAR, FF AF TURESKY, RJ LANG, NP BUTLER, MA TEITEL, CH KADLUBAR, FF TI METABOLIC-ACTIVATION OF CARCINOGENIC HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC-AMINES BY HUMAN LIVER AND COLON SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID ARYLAMINE N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; HYDROXYARYLAMINE-O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; URINARY-BLADDER CARCINOGENESIS; NUCLEIC-ACID BINDING; ACETYLATOR GENOTYPE; INBRED HAMSTER; MUTAGEN 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE; SPECIES-DIFFERENCES; HYDROXY ARYLAMINES; DEPENDENT ENZYME AB The metabolic activation of the food-borne rodent carcinogens 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1) was compared with that of the known human carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP), using human liver microsomes, human and rat liver cytosols, and human colon cytosol. All of these aromatic amines were readily activated by N-hydroxylation with human liver microsomes (2.3-5.3 nmol/min/mg protein), with PhIP and ABP exhibiting the highest rates of cytochrome P450IA2-dependent N-oxidation, followed by MeIQx, IQ and Glu-P-1. In contrast, while ABP and 2-aminofluorene were readily N-acetylated (1.7-2.3 nmol/min/mg protein) by the polymorphic human liver cytosolic N-acetyltransferase, none of the heterocyclic amines were detectable as substrates (< 0.05 nmol/min/mg protein). Likewise, only low activity was observed (0.11 nmol/min/mg protein) for the N-acetylation of p-aminobenzoic acid, a selective substrate for the human monomorphic liver N-acetyltransferase. The radiolabeled N-hydroxy (N-OH) arylamine metabolites were synthesized and their reactivity with DNA was examined. Each derivative bound covalently with DNA at neutral pH (7.0), with highest levels of binding observed for N-OH-IQ and N-OH-PhIP. Incubation at acidic pH (5.0) resulted in increased levels of DNA binding, suggesting formation of reactive arylnitrenium ion intermediates. These N-OH arylamines were further activated to DNA-bound products by human hepatic O-acetyltransferase. Acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA)-dependent, cytosol-catalyzed DNA binding was greatest for N-OH-ABP and N-OH-Glu-P-1, followed by N-OH-PhIP, N-OH-MeIQx and N-OH-IQ; and both rapid and slow acetylator phenotypes were apparent. Rat liver cytosol also catalyzed AcCoA-dependent DNA binding of the N-OH arylamines; and substrate specificities were comparable to human liver, except that N-OH-MeIQx and N-OH-PhIP gave relatively higher and lower activities respectively. Human colon cytosols likewise displayed AcCoA-dependent DNA binding activity for the N-OH substrates. Metabolic activity was generally lower than that found with the rapid acetylator liver cytosols; however, substrate specificity was variable and phenotypic differences in colon O-acetyltransferase activity could not be readily discerned. This may be due, at least in part, to the varied contribution of the monomorphic acetyltransferase, which would be expected to participate in the enzymatic acetylation of some of these N-OH arylamines. This monomorphic N-acetyltransferase activity in human colon cytosols using p-aminobenzoic acid ranged widely from 0.77 to 3.54 nmol/min/mg protein. Together, these data indicate that hepatic N-acetylation of the heterocyclic amines cannot serve as an effective competing reaction for arylamine N-oxidation in humans. Furthermore, the appreciable rates of O-acetylation of the N-OH metabolites by human colon is consistent with the putative role of these heterocyclic amines in human colo-rectal cancer and the observed increased risk of rapid acetylator individuals to this disease. C1 JOHN L MCCLELLAN VET ADM HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP TURESKY, RJ (reprint author), NESTEC LTD,NESTLE RES CTR,CH-1000 LAUSANNE 26,SWITZERLAND. NR 65 TC 344 Z9 346 U1 2 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 1991 VL 12 IS 10 BP 1839 EP 1845 DI 10.1093/carcin/12.10.1839 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA GK259 UT WOS:A1991GK25900014 PM 1934265 ER PT J AU FRENI, SC ZAPISEK, WF AF FRENI, SC ZAPISEK, WF TI BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR A RISK ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR CLEFT-PALATE SO CLEFT PALATE-CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DEVELOPMENTAL MODEL; RISK ASSESSMENT; TERATOGEN EXPOSURE; MECHANISTIC MODEL; MECHANISMS ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; SECONDARY PALATE; RETINOIC ACID; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; MESENCHYMAL CELLS; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS; TERATOGENIC ACTION; MOUSE DEVELOPMENT; EMBRYO CULTURE AB A biologic model for palatogenesis is presented, intended as a basis for risk assessment. It comprises a sequence of developmental stages: growth and migration of neural crest cells, downward growth of palatal buds, elevation of palatal shelves, and differentiation of the epithelium followed by shelf fusion. Several events representing these stages and amenable to mathematical translation may be measurable in the form of biomarkers such as DNA and protein synthesis, phospholipid metabolism, and signal transducing systems. Interrupting components of the model will result in cleft palate. Teratogens with known mechanisms of action are compared with the model. The quantitative risk of cleft palate is conceived as a sequence of mathematical probabilities that any stage of the model runs an abnormal course. Stage-specific probabilities are determined by a chemical's potency and dose, and by duration of exposure and gestational age. Species or strain sensitivity may be expressed as quantitative differences in model parameters. Although the model is designed for cleft palate, the risk model may also estimate a multiple response risk to the same exposures. C1 CANISIUS COLL,BIOCHEM CURRICULUM,BUFFALO,NY 14208. RP FRENI, SC (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,BIOMETRY STAFF,HFT 20,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 91 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1055-6656 J9 CLEFT PALATE-CRAN J JI Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 28 IS 4 BP 338 EP 346 DI 10.1597/1545-1569(1991)028<0338:BBFARA>2.3.CO;2 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Surgery SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Surgery GA GL604 UT WOS:A1991GL60400004 PM 1742301 ER PT J AU SOAVE, O BRAND, CD AF SOAVE, O BRAND, CD TI COPROPHAGY IN ANIMALS - A REVIEW SO CORNELL VETERINARIAN LA English DT Review DE COPROPHAGY; ANIMALS ID MATERNAL PHEROMONE; ANGORA RABBITS; RAT; CAECOTROPHY; DIGESTA; CECOTROPHY; METABOLISM; RETENTION; PROTEIN; EXCRETA AB Coprophagy is performed by rodents and lagomorphs and to a lesser degree by piglets, foals, dogs and nonhuman primates. Due to the construction of the digestive system of rodents and rabbits, coprophagy is necessary to supply many essential nutrients. Bacterial synthesis of nutrients occurs in the lower gastrointestinal tract in these animals where little absorption is realized. The eating of their feces provides a method for obtaining these nutrients. RP SOAVE, O (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 63 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 37 PU CORNELL VETERINARIAN INC PI ITHACA PA CORNELL UNIV, ITHACA, NY 14853 SN 0010-8901 J9 CORNELL VET PD OCT PY 1991 VL 81 IS 4 BP 357 EP 364 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA GH106 UT WOS:A1991GH10600003 PM 1954740 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S ALBERT, KS BOLTON, S DOBRINSKA, M DOUB, W EICHELBAUM, M FINDLAY, JWA GALLICANO, K GARLAND, W HARDY, DJ HULSE, JD KARNES, HT LANGE, R MASON, WD MCKAY, G ORMSBY, E OVERPECK, J PLATTENBERG, HD SHIU, G SITAR, D SORGEL, F STEWART, JT VISWANATHAN, CT YUH, L AF SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S ALBERT, KS BOLTON, S DOBRINSKA, M DOUB, W EICHELBAUM, M FINDLAY, JWA GALLICANO, K GARLAND, W HARDY, DJ HULSE, JD KARNES, HT LANGE, R MASON, WD MCKAY, G ORMSBY, E OVERPECK, J PLATTENBERG, HD SHIU, G SITAR, D SORGEL, F STEWART, JT VISWANATHAN, CT YUH, L TI ANALYTICAL METHODS VALIDATION - BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES - CONFERENCE REPORT SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS LA English DT Article AB This is a summary report of the conference on Analytical Methods Validation: Bioavailability, Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetic Studies. The conference was held from December 3 to 5, 1990 in the Washington, DC area and was sponsored by the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, US Food and Drug Administration, Federation International Pharmaceutique, Health Protection Branch (Canada) and Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The purpose of the report is to represent our assessment of the major agreements and issues discussed at the conference. The report is also intended to provide guiding principles for validation of analytical methods employed in bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies in man and animals. The objectives of the conference were: 1. To reach a consensus on what should be required in analytical methods validation and the procedures to establish validation; 2. To determine processes of application of the validation procedures in the bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies; 3. To develop a report on analytical methods validation (which may be referred to in developing future formal guidelines). Acceptable standards for documenting and validating analytical methods with regard to processes, parameters or data treatments were discussed because of their importance in assessment of pharmacokinetic, bioavailability and bioequivalence studies. Other topics which were considered essential in the conduct of pharmacokinetic studies or in establishing bioequivalency criteria, including measurement of drug metabolites and stereoselective determinations, were also deliberated. C1 UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,COLL PHARM,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. LAB GMBH & CO,NEU ULMR,GERMANY. UNIV MANITOBA,DEPT PHARMACOL,WINNIPEG R3E 0W3,MANITOBA,CANADA. INST BIOMED & PHARMACEUT RES,NURNBERG,GERMANY. UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. WARNER LAMBERT PARKE DAVIS CO,ANN ARBOR,MI 48106. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. BUR DRUG RES,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. AMER CYANAMID CO,LEDERLE LABS,PEARL RIVER,NY 10965. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,ST LOUIS,MO 63101. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. WELLCOME RES LABS,BECKENHAM BR3 3BS,KENT,ENGLAND. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,PHARMACEUT RES INST,SYRACUSE,NY 13221. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. FOREST LABS INC,NEW YORK,NY 10155. ST JOHNS UNIV,JAMAICA,NY 11439. MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,W POINT,PA 19486. DR MARGARETE FISCHER BOSCH INST CLIN PHARMACOL,STUTTGART,GERMANY. BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,NUTLEY,NJ 07013. UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. HARRIS LABS INC,LINCOLN,NE 68502. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,RICHMOND,VA 23298. GLAXO INC,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. UNIV MISSOURI,KANSAS CITY,MO 64220. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,COLL MED,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. NR 0 TC 476 Z9 484 U1 0 U2 13 PU MEDECINE ET HYGIENE PI GENEVA 4 PA 78 AVE ROSERALE, 1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7966 J9 EUR J DRUG METAB PH JI Eur. J. Drug Metabol. Pharmacokinet. PD OCT-DEC PY 1991 VL 16 IS 4 BP 249 EP 255 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HL777 UT WOS:A1991HL77700001 PM 1823867 ER PT J AU WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A SCHOENLEIN, PV CURRIER, SJ PADMANABHAN, R GOTTESMAN, MM AF WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A SCHOENLEIN, PV CURRIER, SJ PADMANABHAN, R GOTTESMAN, MM TI LASER SCANNING AND CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY OF DAUNORUBICIN, DOXORUBICIN, AND RHODAMINE-123 IN MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT CELLS SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID P-GLYCOPROTEIN GENE; ALTERED PATTERN; TUMOR-CELLS; TRANSPORTER; VINBLASTINE; COLCHICINE; EXPRESSION; CDNA C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV RES & TESTING,HFD-471,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NCI,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 17 TC 88 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 196 IS 2 BP 323 EP 329 DI 10.1016/0014-4827(91)90267-X PG 7 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA GG146 UT WOS:A1991GG14600024 PM 1680064 ER PT J AU LITTLE, JM ZIMNIAK, P RADOMINSKA, A LEHMAN, P LESTER, R AF LITTLE, JM ZIMNIAK, P RADOMINSKA, A LEHMAN, P LESTER, R TI URINARY-EXCRETION OF LITHOCHOLIC ACID AND ITS CONJUGATES BY THE BILE-DUCT LIGATED RAT SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GLYCOLITHOCHOLIC ACID; HEPATIC CHOLESTASIS; GLUCURONIDE; METABOLISM; TRANSPORT; PROFILES; SULFATE AB The 3-O-glucuronide of lithocholic acid has been shown to be a potent cholestatic agent in rats. However, even after the onset of lithocholic acid glucuronide-induced cholestasis, little of the administered material was recovered in urine. To determine whether this phenomenon was related to the steroid moiety or the form of conjugation, small doses of radiolabeled lithocholic acid glucuronide, lithocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid and/or lithocholic acid sulfate were administered to rats with ligated bile ducts. Urinary excretion of isotope was followed for 24 hr and urinary metabolites of the administered compounds were identified by thin-layer chromatography. Lithocholic and taurolithocholic acids were slowly but relatively efficiently excreted in urine with 73% and 91% of the dose, respectively, recovered in urine over 24 hr. More than 80% of the label in urine from animals receiving these two compounds was in the form of taurine-conjugated beta-muricholic acid. In contrast, lithocholic acid 3-glucuronide and 3-sulfate were poorly excreted: 9% and 12% of the administered doses, respectively, were recovered in urine in 24 hr. Of the small amount of label in urine from rats given the glucuronide, 90% was identified as lithocholic and taurolithocholic acid glucuronides. When lithocholic acid sulfate was given, thin-layer chromatography of urine showed two peaks, which were tentatively identified as tauromurideoxycholic and taurolithocholic acid sulfates. More definitive identification was not possible because of the small amount of the administered dose excreted in urine in these forms. It is apparent from the results that conjugation of the 3-hydroxy group of lithocholic acid with sulfate or glucuronide severely impairs the additional hydroxylation of the steroid nucleus that is a prerequisite for effective renal excretion, resulting in the retention of these toxic metabolites in the body. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP LITTLE, JM (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL,4301 W MARKHAM,SLOT 567-1,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD14198]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38678] NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1991 VL 14 IS 4 BP 690 EP 695 DI 10.1016/0270-9139(91)90059-5 PN 1 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GH580 UT WOS:A1991GH58000018 PM 1916672 ER PT J AU FONG, TL DIBISCEGLIE, AM FEINSTONE, SM WAGGONER, JG AXIOTIS, CA HOOFNAGLE, JH AF FONG, TL DIBISCEGLIE, AM FEINSTONE, SM WAGGONER, JG AXIOTIS, CA HOOFNAGLE, JH TI PERSISTENT HEPATIC HBV-DNA AFTER CLEARANCE OF HBSAG FROM SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS-B SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1991 VL 14 IS 4 BP A130 EP A130 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GK111 UT WOS:A1991GK11100331 ER PT J AU SHINDO, M FEINSTONE, SM DIBISCEGLIE, AM AF SHINDO, M FEINSTONE, SM DIBISCEGLIE, AM TI HEPATITIS-C VIRUS (HCV) RNA IN SERUM AND LIVER DURING ACUTE HCV INFECTION IN CHIMPANZEES SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1991 VL 14 IS 4 BP A118 EP A118 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GK111 UT WOS:A1991GK11100283 ER PT J AU SHINDO, M DIBISCEGLIER, AM SILVER, J LIMJOCO, T HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM AF SHINDO, M DIBISCEGLIER, AM SILVER, J LIMJOCO, T HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM TI QUANTITATION OF HEPATITIS-C VIRUS-RNA IN SERUM USING THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION AND A COLORIMETRIC ENZYMATIC DETECTION SYSTEM SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1991 VL 14 IS 4 BP A64 EP A64 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GK111 UT WOS:A1991GK11100068 ER PT J AU SJOGREN, MH PURCELL, RH MCKEE, K BINN, L MACARTHY, P LAKOVIC, M TICEHURST, J HOKE, C FEINSTONE, SM HONDT, ED BANCROFT, WH AF SJOGREN, MH PURCELL, RH MCKEE, K BINN, L MACARTHY, P LAKOVIC, M TICEHURST, J HOKE, C FEINSTONE, SM HONDT, ED BANCROFT, WH TI LIMITED REPLICATIVE CAPACITY OF A LIVE, ATTENUATED HEPATITIS-A VACCINE FOLLOWING ORAL IMMUNIZATION OF VOLUNTEERS SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD 21701. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM,RIXENSART,BELGIUM. RI Ticehurst, John/I-7532-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1991 VL 14 IS 4 BP A219 EP A219 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GK111 UT WOS:A1991GK11100684 ER PT J AU ARCINIEGA, JL SHAHIN, RD BURNETTE, WN BARTLEY, TD WHITELEY, DW MAR, VL BURNS, DL AF ARCINIEGA, JL SHAHIN, RD BURNETTE, WN BARTLEY, TD WHITELEY, DW MAR, VL BURNS, DL TI CONTRIBUTION OF THE B-OLIGOMER TO THE PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF GENETICALLY ATTENUATED PERTUSSIS TOXIN SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ISLET-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITIES; PROMOTING FACTOR; ANTIBODY; SUBUNIT; INFECTION; INVITRO; EPITOPE AB An enzymatically deficient recombinant S1 subunit, in which Arg-9 was replaced by Lys, was combined with native B oligomer to form a mutant holotoxin molecule. This molecule exhibited decreased leukocytosis-promoting and histamine-sensitizing activities compared with those of the native toxin, supporting the view that the B oligomer is not responsible for these activities. The protective activity of this genetically attenuated pertussis toxin was compared with that of B oligomer alone. The mutant pertussis toxin and B oligomer were similarly capable of protecting mice against a respiratory infection with Bordetella pertussis, suggesting that the B oligomer makes a significant contribution to the protection afforded by the genetically attenuated holotoxin. C1 AMGEN INC,THOUSAND OAKS,CA 91320. RP ARCINIEGA, JL (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Burnette, W. Neal/G-9784-2011 OI Burnette, W. Neal/0000-0002-7579-0997 NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 59 IS 10 BP 3407 EP 3410 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA GH076 UT WOS:A1991GH07600010 PM 1894354 ER PT J AU TSAI, CM CIVIN, CI AF TSAI, CM CIVIN, CI TI 8 LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDES OF NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS REACT WITH A MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY WHICH BINDS LACTO-N-NEOTETRAOSE (GAL-BETA-1-4GLCNAC-BETA-1-3GAL-BETA-1-4GLC) SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OLIGOSACCHARIDE EPITOPES; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; SIALIC-ACID; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; GONORRHOEAE; ANTIGENS; HETEROGENEITY; EXPRESSION; INHIBITION AB Eight of 12 serologically different lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of Neisseria meningitidis bound a mouse monoclonal antibody (anti-My-28) that recognizes lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) (Gal-beta-1-4GlcNAc-beta-1-3Gal-beta-1-4Glc). Among the 12 LOS immunotypes, types 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9 exhibited strong binding; types 5 and 10 were moderate; and types 1, 6, 11, and 12 were negative as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunodot assays, and immunoblot assays. If an LOS showed multiple components by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, the antibody-reactive epitope was expressed on the larger major component, of which the molecular weight was estimated to be 4,000 for most types. The expression of the reactive epitope on the LOS was influenced by the growth medium, and the epitope could be masked by sialylation when N. meningitidis was grown in tryptic soy broth. N-Acetyllactosamine inhibited the binding of the antibody to all eight reactive LOS. The antibody binding to a representative LOS was best inhibited by LNnT and next by N-acetyllactosamine but was not inhibited by lacto-N-tetraose (Gal-beta-1-3GlcNAc-beta-1-3Gal-beta-1-4Glc). These results suggest that the LNnT sequence is present in 8 of 12 immunotype LOS. The presence of the LNnT sequence, a structure expressed by a variety of human cells, in the LOS may play a role in the virulence of N. meningitidis by enabling the organism to evade host immune defenses. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,JOHNS HOPKINS ONCOL CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP TSAI, CM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 31 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 59 IS 10 BP 3604 EP 3609 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA GH076 UT WOS:A1991GH07600038 PM 1910009 ER PT J AU DEVI, SJN SCHNEERSON, R EGAN, W ULRICH, TJ BRYLA, D ROBBINS, JB BENNETT, JE AF DEVI, SJN SCHNEERSON, R EGAN, W ULRICH, TJ BRYLA, D ROBBINS, JB BENNETT, JE TI CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS SEROTYPE-A GLUCURONOXYLOMANNAN-PROTEIN CONJUGATE VACCINES - SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND IMMUNOGENICITY SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; IMMUNOLOGICAL-UNRESPONSIVENESS; SOLUBLE POLYSACCHARIDE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MURINE CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; PASSIVE-IMMUNIZATION; MENINGITIS; MICE; VARIANT AB We synthesized Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) conjugate vaccines under conditions suitable for human use to prevent disseminated cryptococcosis. The purified, sonicated GXM was derivatized with adipic acid dihydrazide through either hydroxyl or carboxyl groups and then covalently bound to tetanus toxoid (TT) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoprotein A (rEPA). The immunogenicity of these conjugates was evaluated in BALB/c and general purpose mice by subcutaneous injection in saline. The conjugates elicited higher GXM antibody responses than GXM alone. Booster immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM responses were elicited by all conjugates in BALB/c mice. The conjugates prepared through hydroxyl activation (GXM-TT2 and GXM-rEPA) were more immunogenic than the one prepared through carboxyl activation (GXM-TT1). GXM antibody response was enhanced by the administration of monophosphoryl lipid A 2 days following the injection of GXM-TT2 (P < 0.03). The conjugates also elicited IgG antibodies to the carrier proteins. Gel diffusion tests using conjugate-induced hyperimmune sera and chemically modified GXMs suggested that the specificity of GXM-TT1-induced antibodies was conferred by the O-acetyl groups. Hyperimmune sera generated by GXM-TT2 precipitated with the chemically unmodified and the de-O-acetylated GXMs but not with the carboxyl-reduced and de-O-acetylated GXM. GXM-TT2-induced hyperimmune serum also precipitated with the capsular polysaccharides of C. neoformans serotypes D, B, and C. The conjugate vaccines prepared through hydroxyl activation of the GXM are sufficiently immunogenic and appear to be suitable for clinical evaluation. C1 RIBI IMMUNOCHEM RES INC,HAMILTON,MT 59840. US FDA,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CTR DRUGS & BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NICHHD,BIOMETRY & MATH STAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,CLIN INVEST LAB,CLIN MYCOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP DEVI, SJN (reprint author), NICHHD,DEV & MOLEC IMMUNITY LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 59 TC 122 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 59 IS 10 BP 3700 EP 3707 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA GH076 UT WOS:A1991GH07600052 PM 1716613 ER PT J AU MUKAI, CN LATHERS, CM CHARLES, JB BENNETT, BS IGARASHI, M PATEL, S AF MUKAI, CN LATHERS, CM CHARLES, JB BENNETT, BS IGARASHI, M PATEL, S TI ACUTE HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSES TO WEIGHTLESSNESS DURING PARABOLIC FLIGHT SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10TH SYMP ON FRONTIERS OF PHARMACOLOGY CY MAY 10, 1990 CL HOUSTON, TX SP AMER COLL CLIN PHARM AB Pilots and astronauts experience fluid shifts in variable gravity. Acute effects of fluid shifts on the cardiovascular system were monitored on NASA's KC-135 aircraft during parabolic flight. The variability of R-R intervals in the electrocardiogram was measured as an indication of vagal cardiac neural activity. R-R intervals were measured during the gravity transition from 2-G to 0-G produced by parabolic flight to assess the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in regulating the acute effects of fluid shifts. In seven subjects, a BoMed noninvasive continuous cardiac output monitor (NCCOM 3) monitored thoracic fluid index (TFI, ohms), heart rate (bpm), and cardiac output (1/min). Data were stored on a lap-top computer with the subject in one of four postures: sitting, standing, supine, and semi-supine, during one of four sets of eight to ten parabolas. Five seconds of data were averaged: before parabola onset (1.3-G); parabola entry (1.9-G); 0-G; and parabola exit (1.7-G). Three to eight parabolas were averaged for subjects in each posture; the mean for each posture was calculated. In each of five additional subjects, the coefficient of variation was calculated by dividing mean value by the standard deviation of 3 to 15 R-R intervals. Eight to ten parabolas were averaged for each postural set. Compared with values collected before 0-G, standing values during 0-G showed that the thoracic fluid index decreased 2.5 ohms, heart rate decreased 22 bpm, and cardiac output increased 1 L/min. During sitting, thoractic fluid index decreased 1.25 ohms, heart rate decreased 10 bpm, whereas cardiac output increased 0.5 L/min. In the supine position, thoracic fluid index and heart rate were constant whereas cardiac output decreased 0.55 L/min. In the semi-supine position, thoracic fluid index and heart rate were constant. Compared with values collected from 2-G and 0-G the coefficient of variation increased 66.4% in the standing position, 53.4% in the sitting position, and 43.3% in the semi-supine position and decreased 11.6% in the supine position. The data indicated that cardiovascular changes are dependent on posture and gravity. During the four sets of parabolas in the four different postures, the greatest and smallest changes were observed in the standing and supine positions, respectively, during 0-G. Fluid shifts from the legs to the thorax occurred during 0-G in the supine and standing positions. The high values of the coefficient of variation at the onset of 0-G suggest that vagal cardiac neural activity increases, but not significantly, in all positions except supine. C1 US FDA,DIV CARDIORENAL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. KRUG LIFE SCI,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT OTORHINOLARYNGOL & COMMUN SCI,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP MUKAI, CN (reprint author), NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,SPACE BIOMED RES INST,HOUSTON,TX 77058, USA. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 31 IS 10 BP 993 EP 1000 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GL990 UT WOS:A1991GL99000021 PM 1761733 ER PT J AU CHARLES, JB LATHERS, CM AF CHARLES, JB LATHERS, CM TI CARDIOVASCULAR ADAPTATION TO SPACEFLIGHT SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10TH SYMP ON FRONTIERS OF PHARMACOLOGY CY MAY 10, 1990 CL HOUSTON, TX SP AMER COLL CLIN PHARM ID SPACE-FLIGHT; HUMANS C1 US FDA,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP CHARLES, JB (reprint author), NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,SPACE BIOMED RES INST,HOUSTON,TX 77058, USA. NR 13 TC 68 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1010 EP 1023 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GL990 UT WOS:A1991GL99000024 PM 1761711 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, LN HEPLER, RS BARTHOLOMEW, MJ AF JOHNSON, LN HEPLER, RS BARTHOLOMEW, MJ TI ACCURACY OF PAPILLEDEMA AND PSEUDOPAPILLEDEMA DETECTION - A MULTISPECIALTY STUDY SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE OPTIC DISK; PAPILLEDEMA; COMPARATIVE STUDY ID PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; VISUAL-LOSS; GATEKEEPERS; PHYSICIANS AB Background. Present trends in medical care suggest that primary care physicians will exert increasing control over patient access to medical specialty consultation and diagnostic testing. Therefore, it is important to determine whether primary care physicians can reliably identify papilledema. Methods. A prospective study involving 429 physicians was undertaken to assess the accuracy of papilledema and pseudopapilledema detection by five groups of physicians, family practice physicians, neurologists, neuro-ophthalmologists, neurosurgeons, and ophthalmologists. Results. Neuro-ophthalmologists and ophthalmologists did better than family physicians, neurologists, and neurosurgeons in identifying both papilledema and pseudopapilledema (P < .05). Neuro-ophthalmologists more accurately identified pseudopapilledema than all other groups in the study (P < OS). Family physicians did as well as, or better than, neurologists and neurosurgeons in identifying all classifications of acute and chronic papilledema defined in the study. Family physicians did not perform as well as the other four groups in differentiating pseudopapilledema from papilledema (P < .05). Conclusions. Although the sensitivity of detecting papilledema was high (84.5%) for family physicians, the specificity was low (59.3%). Preliminary data indicate that family physicians with prior exposure to clinical ophthalmology in medical school did better than those who had not had training. It is possible that additional exposure to clinical ophthalmology during residency training might yield improved performance. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,JULES STEIN EYE INST,DIV NEUROOPHTHALMOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. US FDA,CTR VET MED,BIOMETR BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP JOHNSON, LN (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI,MASON INST OPHTHALMOL,DIV NEUROOPHTHALMOL,COLUMBIA,MO 65212, USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 33 IS 4 BP 381 EP 386 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GM111 UT WOS:A1991GM11100013 PM 1919455 ER PT J AU ADDISS, DG DAVIS, JP MEADE, BD BURSTYN, DG MEISSNER, M ZASTROW, JA BERG, JL DRINKA, P PHILLIPS, R AF ADDISS, DG DAVIS, JP MEADE, BD BURSTYN, DG MEISSNER, M ZASTROW, JA BERG, JL DRINKA, P PHILLIPS, R TI A PERTUSSIS OUTBREAK IN A WISCONSIN NURSING-HOME SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; WHOOPING-COUGH; HOSPITAL STAFF; INFECTION; FACILITY; ADULTS; ANTIBODY; SPREAD AB The epidemiologic features and clinical spectrum of pertussis in the elderly are poorly understood. In October 1985, the Wisconsin Division of Health investigated an outbreak of pertussis in residents of a nursing home in rural Wisconsin. Clinical information and nasopharyngeal swab and acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens were obtained from all consenting residents and employees. Of 105 residents, 38 (36.2%) were seropositive, including four who were culture-positive for Bordetella pertussis. Culture-positive residents (age range, 52-81 years) had cough lasting 43-54 days. Three of these residents had paroxysmal cough, and all four had cough that interrupted sleep; none of the residents had cough with apnea or vomiting, and all recovered without sequelae. Of six seropositive residents with clinical pertussis, five lived on the south wing of the facility. Of 104 employees, 8 (7.7%) were seropositive, but none were culture-positive for B. pertussis. The higher attack rate for residents and the clustering of clinical cases were consistent with ongoing transmission within the nursing home. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,WISCONSIN DIV HLTH,BUR COMMUNITY HLTH & PREVENT,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PEDIAT,MADISON,WI 53706. WISCONSIN VET HOME,KING,WI. MARSHFIELD CLIN FDN MED RES & EDUC,MARSHFIELD,WI 54449. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD. CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV FIELD SERV,EPIDEMIOL PROGRAM OFF,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NR 28 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 164 IS 4 BP 704 EP 710 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA GF805 UT WOS:A1991GF80500010 PM 1894932 ER PT J AU LEVANDOWSKI, RA HOROHOV, DW AF LEVANDOWSKI, RA HOROHOV, DW TI RHINOVIRUS INDUCES NATURAL KILLER-LIKE CYTOTOXIC-CELLS AND INTERFERON-ALPHA IN MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE COMMON COLD; CYTOTOXIC LEUKOCYTES; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; PICORNAVIRUSES ID INFECTION; RECEPTOR; VIRUS; FIBROBLASTS; RESPONSES; SUBSETS; ICAM-1 AB Natural killer-like cellular cytotoxicity was augmented by incubation of human rhinovirus serotype 2 with peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes collected from healthy donors. The production of alpha interferon but not gamma interferon was identified in the same cell cultures. A specific interaction of conformationally intact rhinovirus with peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes was required for induction of the response, since the response was extinguished at reduced quantities of infectious rhinovirus, and acid inactivated rhinovirus did not augment cellular cytotoxicity. Productive replication of rhinovirus was not observed in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes. The replicative failure was not related merely to interferon production, since the rate of disappearance of rhinovirus was similar to that observed in cell free medium. The findings suggest that natural killer cells should be considered as a potential component of the local nasopharyngeal pathophysiology of rhinovirus infection. RP LEVANDOWSKI, RA (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 35 IS 2 BP 116 EP 120 DI 10.1002/jmv.1890350208 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA GK124 UT WOS:A1991GK12400007 PM 1662702 ER PT J AU BLAKELY, SR MITCHELL, GV JENKINS, MY GRUNDEL, E WHITTAKER, P AF BLAKELY, SR MITCHELL, GV JENKINS, MY GRUNDEL, E WHITTAKER, P TI CANTHAXANTHIN AND EXCESS VITAMIN-A ALTER ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL, CAROTENOID AND IRON STATUS IN ADULT-RATS SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE BETA-CAROTENE; CANTHAXANTHIN; IRON; VITAMIN-A; VITAMIN-E; RATS ID BETA-CAROTENE; PLASMA; ABSORPTION; SELENIUM; CANCER; HYPERVITAMINOSIS; SUPPLEMENTS; NUTRITION; CHICKENS; TUMORS AB Beta-Carotene and excess vitamin A have been shown to reduce plasma alpha-tocopherol when fed to young rats. The present study assessed the effects of beta-carotene, excess vitamin A and canthaxanthin (4,4'-diketo-beta-carotene) on carotenoid, alpha-tocopherol and iron status in adult retired breeder rats. Male 8- to 10-mo-old rats (10/group) were fed varying levels of vitamin A as retinyl palmitate, beta-carotene and canthaxanthin ad libitum for 8 wk. The AIN-76A diet was modified to contain 16% (wt/wt) fat and 50% carbohydrate (control) plus beta-carotene or canthaxanthin at 0, 0.048 (BC1 or CX1) and 0.2% (BC2 or CX2) of the diet. These compounds were fed with and without excess retinyl palmitate (RP, 220 mg/kg). Higher relative liver weights were observed in CX- and RP-fed groups. Plasma retinyl esters were detected in all RP-fed groups. Plasma retinyl palmitate was 1.6- and 1.5-fold higher in RP-BC and RP-CX groups, respectively, than in the RP groups. Plasma and liver beta-carotene and canthaxanthin were 11-54% and 26-74% lower, respectively, with excess retinyl palmitate feeding. Feeding canthaxanthin and retinyl palmitate, but not beta-carotene, resulted in lower levels of plasma alpha-tocopherol. Liver non-heme iron levels were also lower in CX-fed rats irrespective of retinyl palmitate feeding. These results extend to adult rats previous findings that excess retinyl palmitate alters vitamin E and carotenoid status prior to the manifestation of clinical signs of hypervitaminosis A. Additionally, canthaxanthin feeding lowers alpha-tocopherol and iron status in adult rats. RP BLAKELY, SR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 41 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 121 IS 10 BP 1649 EP 1655 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA GH459 UT WOS:A1991GH45900019 PM 1765831 ER PT J AU ESBELIN, B BEYSSAC, E AIACHE, JM SHIU, GK SKELLY, JP AF ESBELIN, B BEYSSAC, E AIACHE, JM SHIU, GK SKELLY, JP TI A NEW METHOD OF DISSOLUTION INVITRO, THE BIO-DIS APPARATUS - COMPARISON WITH THE ROTATING BOTTLE METHOD AND INVITRO - INVIVO CORRELATIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED-RELEASE FORMULATIONS; BIOAVAILABILITY AB The aim was to study a new method of dissolution in vitro, the "Bio-Dis" apparatus, and to compare it with the classical rotating bottle method. Several theophylline controlled-release drug dosage forms were studied. Dissolution testing was performed in increasing pH in standard conditions and after treatment with peanut oil in order to stimulate high fat meals and to correlate the in vitro percent dissolved with the in vivo results obtained. The in vivo study was carried out on three groups of healthy volunteers receiving each dosage form in a randomized order just before a high fat breakfast or in the fasting state. The in vitro percent dissolved obtained was compared with those published results obtained with rotating bottles. A linear relationship was established between these results. From the in vivo absorbed percentages calculated according to the Wagner-Nelson method, a linear relation was found between the in vivo percent absorbed and in the vitro percent dissolved in the different conditions. The relationships observed are similar for all the forms under both conditions. The "Bio-Dis" offers advantages over the rotating bottle method. The study reported allows this dissolution apparatus to be proposed as an alternative to the rotating bottle apparatus. C1 FAC PHARM CLERMONT FERRAND,DEPT BIOPHARMACEUT,POB 38,F-63001 CLERMONT FERRAND,FRANCE. US FDA,OFF RES RESOURCES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,BIOPHARMACEUT RES BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 80 IS 10 BP 991 EP 994 DI 10.1002/jps.2600801017 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA GJ248 UT WOS:A1991GJ24800016 PM 1784010 ER PT J AU HALE, VG AIZAWA, K SHEINER, LB BENET, LZ AF HALE, VG AIZAWA, K SHEINER, LB BENET, LZ TI DISPOSITION OF PREDNISONE AND PREDNISOLONE IN THE PERFUSED RABBIT LIVER - MODELING HEPATIC METABOLIC PROCESSES SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article ID DOSE-DEPENDENT PHARMACOKINETICS; 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE; CORTISONE INTERCONVERSION; RAT-LIVER; ELIMINATION; PLASMA; CLEARANCE; KINETICS AB The livers of 15 rabbits were perfused in situ with prednisone (PO) or prednisolone (POH) over a wide range of steady state concentrations, resulting in multiple experimental measurements per organ. Linearity of extraction, an apparent lack of oxidative conversion, and marked preference for the reduction of PO to POH was observed. Predictions of hepatic tissue concentrations were made using both the well-stirred and parallel-tube model approximations. Glucocorticoid disposition across the liver was described by a series of differential equations. Discrimination between the two models was accomplished by examining the effects of changes in flow rate upon the availability of the highly extracted drug PO. The well-stirred model very closely predicted the observed changes in availability of PO, whereas the parallel-tube model provided poor predictions. The intrinsic clearances of interconversion and elimination of PO and POH were subsequently calculated by population analysis using NONMEM. This method assumed the well-stirred model and resulted in intrinsic clearance estimates of 26 ml/min for the elimination of POH, 157 ml/min for reductive conversion of PO to POH, and 205 ml/min for the irreversible elimination of PO. A mechanism of intrahepatic disposition of these glucocorticoids was proposed using well-stirred model predictions of hepatic drug concentrations, the perfusion rate limitation to drug transport, and the assumption of no oxidative interconversion of POH to PO. In this case, the capacity for reduction of PO to POH approaches the elimination clearance of PO and the elimination of PO is about 13 times greater than the elimination clearance of POH. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,DEPT LAB MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 26691, GM 07175] NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0090-466X J9 J PHARMACOKINET BIOP JI J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 19 IS 5 BP 597 EP 614 DI 10.1007/BF01062965 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GX795 UT WOS:A1991GX79500007 PM 1783993 ER PT J AU JACKSON, CD BLACKWELL, BN AF JACKSON, CD BLACKWELL, BN TI SUBCHRONIC STUDIES OF TRIPELENNAMINE IN FISCHER-344 RATS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLUES ABUSE; METHAPYRILENE; TS AB The purpose of this study was to determine the subchronic toxicity of the antihistamine tripelennamine and to allow selection of appropriate doses for chronic studies. Male and female Fischer 344 rats were administered tripelennamine hydrochloride in the feed at dose levels of 0, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, and 6000 ppm (as the free amine) for 14 days or at dose levels of 0, 150, 300, 600, 1200, and 2400 ppm for 90 days. In the 14-day study, all of the animals in the 6000 ppm groups died. All others survived until killed. Final body weights of treated groups were reduced from 3% to 25%. Cytoplasmic vacuolization of the liver was observed. In the 90-day study, a dose-dependent reduction in body weight gain was produced by tripelennamine, with a 10% reduction in final body weight occurring between 300 and 600 ppm. Reductions in various organ weights were found to be correlated with reduced final body weights. Tripelennamine produced cytoplasmic vacuolization or fatty change in the liver, cytomegaly and granular basophilic cytoplasm in the parotid salivary gland, and vacuolar degeneration of the bronchial epithelium of the lung. Based on the results of this study, it was determined that 400 ppm tripelennamine administered ad libitum in the feed to both male and female Fischer 344 rats would be an appropriate highest dose for a 2-year carcinogenicity study. C1 PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP JACKSON, CD (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL HFT-140,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 10 IS 5 BP 493 EP 502 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HN865 UT WOS:A1991HN86500001 ER PT J AU JACKSON, CD BLACKWELL, BN AF JACKSON, CD BLACKWELL, BN TI SUBCHRONIC STUDIES OF TRIPELENNAMINE IN B6C3F1 MICE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE; RATS; TUMORS AB The subchronic toxicity of tripelennamine hydrochloride was determined to provide data for selecting dose levels for a 2-year study in mice. Male and female B6C3F1 mice were administered the drug in their feed at dose levels of 0, 150, 300, 600, 1200, and 2400 ppm (calculated as free amine) for 14 days or 0, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, and 4800 ppm for 90 days. Little toxicity was observed in the 14-day study. In the 90-day study, final body weights of males and females of the 4800 ppm groups were reduced 14% and 4%, respectively. Clinical observations and necropsy findings were unremarkable in the 90-day study. Decreased heart weight/brain weight ratios in males and increased liver weight/brain weight ratios in females were seen at dose levels as low as 600 ppm. Histologically, changes consisting of cytomegaly, karyomegaly, and cytoplasmic vacuolization of the liver, mild to severe cytomegaly and necrosis of parotid salivary gland acinar cells, and a mild degree of vacuolar degeneration of the bronchial epithelium of the lung were observed. The results indicate that an oral dose level of 2000 ppm tripelennamine would not be life-shortening in male or female B6C3F1 mice in a 2-year study. C1 PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP JACKSON, CD (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL HFT-140,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 10 IS 5 BP 503 EP 510 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HN865 UT WOS:A1991HN86500002 ER PT J AU MEHTA, RA PARSONS, BL MEHTA, AM NAKHASI, HL MATTOO, AK AF MEHTA, RA PARSONS, BL MEHTA, AM NAKHASI, HL MATTOO, AK TI DIFFERENTIAL PROTEIN-METABOLISM AND GENE-EXPRESSION IN TOMATO FRUIT DURING WOUNDING STRESS SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GENE EXPRESSION; LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; TOMATO; WOUNDING ID ACYL-CARRIER PROTEIN; 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE; POTATO-TUBER; TISSUE; PEROXIDASE; SEQUENCE; INFECTION; PERICARP; AVOCADO; CLONING AB Changes in protein and RNA levels which occur in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Pik-red) fruit tissue upon wounding were analyzed. Antibodies to nine plant proteins were used to identify the related cross-reactive proteins in tomato fruit tissue and quantify their abundance during wounding. Antibodies tested were pathogenesis-related proteins (PR-1a, 1b, 1c; PR-2, N, O; PR-P, Q; basic chitinase), plastid proteins (sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; acyl carrier protein; large subunit of Rubisco), cellulase and 33-kD cationic peroxidase. Marked differences in mRNA populations were also detected when the protein translation products following in vitro translation of poly(A)+ RNAs isolated from unwounded and wounded fruit tissue were compared. More direct evidence for the changes in mRNA levels was obtained by using specific cDNA probes, isolated from a cDNA library of wounded tomato pericarp tissue. Two cDNA clones identified RNAs that were induced upon wounding while a third cDNA clone identified a transcript whose abundance decreased. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR W,PLANT MOLEC BIOL LAB,BLDG 006,ROOM 118,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT BIOL SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. US FDA,INST BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Mattoo, Autar/G-9863-2011 NR 31 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU JAPANESE SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI KYOTO PA SHIMOTACHIURI OGAWA HIGASHI KAMIKYOKU, KYOTO 602, JAPAN SN 0032-0781 J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL JI Plant Cell Physiol. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1057 EP 1065 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA GN750 UT WOS:A1991GN75000017 ER PT J AU WEEKS, DE PATERSON, MC LANGE, K ANDRAIS, B DAVIS, RC YODER, F GATTI, RA AF WEEKS, DE PATERSON, MC LANGE, K ANDRAIS, B DAVIS, RC YODER, F GATTI, RA TI ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC GAMMA-RADIOSENSITIVITY AS AN INVITRO ASSAY FOR HETEROZYGOTE IDENTIFICATION OF ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COLONY-FORMING ABILITY; CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; SKIN FIBROBLASTS; DNA-REPAIR; CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS; XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM; GENE; IRRADIATION; FAMILIES; BREAKAGE C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT BIOMATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV ALBERTA,CROSS CANC INST,MOLEC GENET & CARCINOGENESIS LAB,EDMONTON T6G 1Z2,ALBERTA,CANADA. UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT BIOCHEM,EDMONTON T6G 2E1,ALBERTA,CANADA. VET ADM WADSWORTH MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. US FDA,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV CLIN LAB DEVICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT HUMAN GENET,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. RI Weeks, Daniel/B-2995-2012; OI Weeks, Daniel/0000-0001-9410-7228 NR 58 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 128 IS 1 BP 90 EP 99 DI 10.2307/3578071 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GK110 UT WOS:A1991GK11000012 PM 1924732 ER PT J AU KORFMACHER, WA CHIARELLI, MP LAY, JO BLOOM, J HOLCOMB, M MCMANUS, KT AF KORFMACHER, WA CHIARELLI, MP LAY, JO BLOOM, J HOLCOMB, M MCMANUS, KT TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MYCOTOXIN FUMONISIN-B1 - COMPARISON OF THERMOSPRAY, FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT AND ELECTROSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION; N-OXIDES; METABOLITES; IONIZATION; RATS; LEUKOENCEPHALOMALACIA; ANTIHISTAMINES; GLUCURONIDES AB The utility of thermospray mass spectrometry (TSMS), fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS), and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) for the analysis of Fumonisin B1 is investigated. In addition, the analysis of two different standards of Fumonisin B1 as well as an inoculated corn culture extract that contained Fumonisin B1 is reported. The results of these efforts show that ESMS, as well as FABMS and a combination of FAB and tandem mass spectrometry (FABMS/MS), provide useful data for the characterization of Fumonisin B1. The detection limit was 50 pg for Fumonisin B1 when analyzed by full scan FABMS, and 5 pg when analyzed by single-reaction monitoring FABMS/MS. C1 TEXMS,HOUSTON,TX 77060. UNIV ARKANSAS,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204. RP KORFMACHER, WA (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 28 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 5 IS 10 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290051008 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA GJ483 UT WOS:A1991GJ48300007 PM 1841646 ER PT J AU ECKHOFF, C BAILEY, JR COLLINS, MD SLIKKER, W NAU, H AF ECKHOFF, C BAILEY, JR COLLINS, MD SLIKKER, W NAU, H TI INFLUENCE OF DOSE AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION OF VITAMIN-A ON PLASMA-LEVELS OF RETINYL ESTERS AND RETINOL AND METABOLIC GENERATION OF RETINOIC ACID COMPOUNDS AND BETA-GLUCURONIDES IN THE CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY; BINDING-PROTEIN; 13-CIS-RETINOIC ACID; LIMB BUD; TERATOGENICITY; IDENTIFICATION; PHARMACOKINETICS; ORGANOGENESIS; ISOTRETINOIN; MOLECULE C1 FREE UNIV BERLIN,INST TOXICOL & EMBRYONALPHARMAKOL,W-1000 BERLIN 33,GERMANY. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1991 VL 111 IS 1 BP 116 EP 127 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90140-A PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GN684 UT WOS:A1991GN68400013 PM 1949028 ER PT J AU IWAI, Y BICKEL, M PLUZNIK, DH COHEN, RB AF IWAI, Y BICKEL, M PLUZNIK, DH COHEN, RB TI IDENTIFICATION OF SEQUENCES WITHIN THE MURINE GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR MESSENGER-RNA 3'-UNTRANSLATED REGION THAT MEDIATE MESSENGER-RNA STABILIZATION INDUCED BY MITOGEN TREATMENT OF EL-4 THYMOMA CELLS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CYCLOSPORIN-A; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; T-CELLS; DNA; INTERLEUKIN-2; PROTEIN AB Phorbol esters (TPA) and concanavalin A (ConA) are known to induce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production in murine thymoma EL-4 cells by mRNA stabilization. The role of the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) in GM-CSF mRNA stabilization induced by TPA and ConA in EL-4 cells was examined by transfection studies using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) constructions. The GM-CSF 3'-UTR contains a 63-nucleotide region at its 3' end with repeating ATTTA motifs which is responsible for mRNA degradation in a variety of cell types (Shaw, G., and Kamen, R. (1986) Cell 46, 659-666). We produced constructs containing most of the GM-CSF 3'-UTR (303 nucleotides, pRSV-CATgm) or the 3'-terminal AT-rich region (116 nucleotides, pRSV-CATau) and measured CAT enzyme activity and CAT mRNA after transient transfection into EL-4 and NIH 3T3 cells. Low levels of CAT activity were seen in both cells with either plasmid compared with levels of CAT activity obtained with pRSV-CAT. TPA treatment caused an approximately 10-fold increase in CAT activity and mRNA in EL-4 cells transfected with pRSV-CATgm. No increases were seen in EL-4 cells transfected with pRSV-CATau or pRSV-CAT. No response to TPA was detected in transfected NIH 3T3 cells, indicating that the response to TPA is relatively cell-specific. There was no increase in CAT activity after ConA treatment in EL-4 or NIH 3T3 cells transfected with any of the constructs suggesting that the GM-CSF 3'-UTR lacks elements that can respond alone to ConA. Nuclear run-on and actinomycin D chase experiments in EL-4 cells showed that TPA induces CAT activity via mRNA stabilization. By linker-substitution mutagenesis we show that TPA inducibility depends on a 60-nucleotide region of the 3'-UTR whose 5' end is located 160 nucleotides upstream of the 5' end of the AU-rich region. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,RM 3B-19,HFB-800,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 31 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 25 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 27 BP 17959 EP 17965 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GG553 UT WOS:A1991GG55300041 PM 1917935 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI HUTTNER, SL AF MILLER, HI HUTTNER, SL TI IMAGINARY HAZARDS SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SYST WIDE BIOTECHNOL PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD SEP 19 PY 1991 VL 353 IS 6341 BP 204 EP 204 DI 10.1038/353204a0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA GF674 UT WOS:A1991GF67400021 PM 1896066 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FDA MEDICAL BULLETIN SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 18 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 11 BP 1482 EP 1482 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GE458 UT WOS:A1991GE45800006 PM 1880875 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PHARMACY-LINKED SYSTEMS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 18 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 11 BP 1482 EP 1482 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GE458 UT WOS:A1991GE45800005 PM 1880875 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW REQUIREMENTS PROPOSED FOR PANCREATIC-ENZYME PRODUCTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 18 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 11 BP 1482 EP 1482 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GE458 UT WOS:A1991GE45800004 PM 1880875 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FDA ADOPTS COMMON FEDERAL-POLICY FOR PROTECTION OF HUMAN-SUBJECTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 18 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 11 BP 1482 EP 1482 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GE458 UT WOS:A1991GE45800003 PM 1880875 ER PT J AU SHEN, WL SATZGER, RD AF SHEN, WL SATZGER, RD TI DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-POWER MICROWAVE ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE MOLECULAR IONIZATION SOURCE FOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY WITH DIRECT INTRODUCTION OF GASEOUS AND LIQUID ORGANIC-SAMPLES SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA; CHROMATOGRAPHY; INTERFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; PROBE AB In this report, a viable new ion source for mass spectrometry that generates molecular ions at atmospheric pressure has been developed using a low-power atmospheric pressure helium microwave-induced plasma. A new ion source was developed to sustain the helium plasma at a low (10-30-W) power level, which produces molecular fragments of analyte at atmospheric pressure. The design of this API plasma source enables soft molecular fragmentation with either liquid or gaseous sample introduction at atmospheric pressure. C1 US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,1141 CENT PKWY,CINCINNATI,OH 45202. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 1991 VL 63 IS 18 BP 1960 EP 1964 DI 10.1021/ac00018a012 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GE858 UT WOS:A1991GE85800012 ER PT J AU SAGRIPANTI, JL GOERING, PL LAMANNA, A AF SAGRIPANTI, JL GOERING, PL LAMANNA, A TI INTERACTION OF COPPER WITH DNA AND ANTAGONISM BY OTHER METALS SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZINC; BINDING; INACTIVATION; CLEAVAGE; INVITRO; IONS RP SAGRIPANTI, JL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV LIFE SCI,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,HFZ-113,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 30 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD SEP 15 PY 1991 VL 110 IS 3 BP 477 EP 485 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(91)90048-J PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GH709 UT WOS:A1991GH70900010 PM 1949015 ER PT J AU ASHIZAWA, K WILLINGHAM, MC LIANG, CM CHENG, SY AF ASHIZAWA, K WILLINGHAM, MC LIANG, CM CHENG, SY TI INVIVO REGULATION OF MONOMER-TETRAMER CONVERSION OF PYRUVATE-KINASE SUBTYPE-M2 BY GLUCOSE IS MEDIATED VIA FRUCTOSE-1,6-BISPHOSPHATE SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID 3,3',5-TRIIODO-L-THYRONINE BINDING-PROTEIN; THYROID-HORMONE BINDING; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; RAT AB The activity of pyruvate kinase, subtype M2 (PKM2), is known to be increased by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru-1,6-P2), one of the metabolites in the glycolytic pathway. Recently, we have shown that in vitro, Fru-1,6-P2 activated the association of monomer to form the tetrameric PKM2. To ascertain whether this mode of regulation also occurs in vivo, we prepared monomer-specific monoclonal antibody and quantified the monomer formation in situ in cultured cells by immunocytochemistry. The intracellular Fru-1,6-P2 was manipulated by the glucose concentration in the media. At the physiological concentration of glucose (4-6 mM), 30-35% of PK existed as a monomer. However, PKM2 was dissociated into monomer within minutes after cells were deprived of glucose. The maximal level of monomer was detected after 1 h at 37-degrees-C. Monomer was rapidly (within minutes) converted to tetramer after addition of glucose. Furthermore, when cells cultured in 10 mm of glucose were treated with cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of the glucose transporter, a maximal level of monomer was detected within 20-30 min. Determination of Fru-1,6-P2 indicated that its intracellular concentration decreased concomitantly with the reduction in glucose concentration in the medium. These results indicate that monomer-tetramer interconversion is a major in vivo cellular regulatory mechanism in response to changes in the extracellular glucose concentration via Fru-1,6-P2. C1 NCI,DIV CANC BIOL DIAG & CTR,MOLEC BIOL LAB,BLDG 37,ROOM 4B09,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 14 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 5 PY 1991 VL 266 IS 25 BP 16842 EP 16846 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA GD635 UT WOS:A1991GD63500094 PM 1885610 ER PT J AU SAAVEDRADELGADO, AM AF SAAVEDRADELGADO, AM TI MAGENDIE,FRANCOIS ON ANAPHYLAXIS (1839) SO ALLERGY PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article RP SAAVEDRADELGADO, AM (reprint author), CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ONCOL & PULM DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 SN 1046-9354 J9 ALLERGY PROC JI Allergy Proc. PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 12 IS 5 BP 355 EP 356 DI 10.2500/108854191778879160 PG 2 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA GM209 UT WOS:A1991GM20900013 PM 1959774 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH AF RHEINSTEIN, PH TI THE FDA AS AN INFORMATION SOURCE FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD SEP PY 1991 VL 44 IS 3 BP 1037 EP 1041 PG 5 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GD866 UT WOS:A1991GD86600021 PM 1877417 ER PT J AU WAXMAN, I BAKER, B FEINSTONE, SM DIBISCEGLIE, AM AF WAXMAN, I BAKER, B FEINSTONE, SM DIBISCEGLIE, AM TI DETECTION OF HEPATITIS-C VIRAL-RNA IN SERUM OF A PATIENT WITH ACUTE NON-A-HEPATITIS, NON-B-HEPATITIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Note ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; VIRUS-DNA; ANTIBODIES; ASSAY AB The sequence of serologic events in a patient with acute type C hepatitis associated with intravenous drug abuse is described. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) ribonucleic acid was detectable in serum during the acute episode of hepatitis, whereas antibody to the hepatitis C virus appeared later, after the acute illness had subsided. The patient developed chronic hepatitis with persistently elevated serum aminotransferase activities. Both hepatitis C viral ribonucleic acid and antibody to hepatitis C virus persisted in serum, together with elevated serum aminotransferases. Thus, detection of HCV RNA may be useful in the diagnosis of acute type C hepatitis, particularly in the absence of detectable antibody to the hepatitis C virus. C1 NIADDKD,LIVER DIS SECT,DIGEST DIS BRANCH,BLDG 10,ROOM 4D 52,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD. NIADDKD,CLIN STUDIES SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 86 IS 9 BP 1240 EP 1242 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA GE504 UT WOS:A1991GE50400027 PM 1652887 ER PT J AU LABORDA, J BURG, C LIZZIO, EF HOFFMAN, T DOUILLARD, JY AF LABORDA, J BURG, C LIZZIO, EF HOFFMAN, T DOUILLARD, JY TI PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES OF MOUSE MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES TO A RAT COLON-CARCINOMA .2. COMPARATIVE BIODISTRIBUTION OF INTACT ANTIBODIES AND F(AB')2 FRAGMENTS IN NORMAL RATS, SYNGENEIC TUMOR-BEARING RATS, AND TUMOR-BEARING NUDE-MICE SO ANTIBODY IMMUNOCONJUGATES AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-MELANOMA; FAB FRAGMENTS; LOCALIZATION; RADIOTHERAPY; XENOGRAFTS; ANTIGEN AB The pharmacokinetics of two I-131-labeled murine anti-rat colon carcinoma monoclonal antibody F(ab')2 fragments (D3 or E4) were studied in tumor-bearing syngeneic BD IX rats or nude mice. An I-125-labeled irrelevant F(ab')2 was used as a control. Accumulation and localization indices for injected fragments were also compared with those of the corresponding whole antibodies, which have been reported previously. D3 fragments significantly targeted in muscle and lung, but targeting to other rat tissues was less than that of whole D3. Tumor, however, remained virtually untargeted with D3 fragments, as with the whole antibody. In nude mice, tumor was the only tissue specifically targeted by D3 fragments, as with the whole antibody, and use of fragments improved the tumor targeting. E4 fragments targeted more rat tissues than did D3 fragments, and fewer differences between E4 fragments and whole antibody could be observed. In nude mice, tumor was the only tissue showing a specific targeting of E4 fragments, as with whole E4. Use of fragments also improved the tumor targeting, as in the case of D3. These data indicate that non-specific tumor uptake of anti-tumor antibodies may be mediated by mechanism which do not involve Fc receptors. They give additional support to the idea that nude mouse models may not be relevant to the in vivo behavior of monoclonal antibodies clinically. C1 US FDA,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BLOOD & BLOOD PROD,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Laborda, Jorge/L-5726-2014 OI Laborda, Jorge/0000-0002-9210-838X NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0892-7049 J9 ANTIBODY IMMUNOCONJ JI Antib. Immunoconjug. Radiopharm. PD FAL PY 1991 VL 4 IS 3 BP 273 EP 282 PG 10 WC Immunology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Immunology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA GC244 UT WOS:A1991GC24400002 ER PT J AU LYTLE, CD TRUSCOTT, W BUDACZ, AP VENEGAS, L ROUTSON, LB CYR, WH AF LYTLE, CD TRUSCOTT, W BUDACZ, AP VENEGAS, L ROUTSON, LB CYR, WH TI IMPORTANT FACTORS FOR TESTING BARRIER MATERIALS WITH SURROGATE VIRUSES SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXAMINATION GLOVES; TRANSMISSION; CONDOMS; LATEX; LEAKAGE; VINYL; SIZE AB This study evaluated bacteriophages PHI-X174, T7, PRD1, and PHI-6 as possible surrogates for pathogenic human viruses to challenge barrier materials and demonstrated some important factors for their use. Chemical incompatibility with test material was demonstrated when lipid-enveloped PHI-6 was inactivated by an aqueous eluate of vinyl gloves, but 0.5% calf serum protected PHI-6 from the eluate. Low concentrations (2%) of calf serum also prevented the exaggerated binding of the bacteriophages to filters. Recovery of viruses from surfaces decreased with increasing time before recovery. Penetration through punctures displayed different types of kinetics. The combined data indicate that (i) some bacteriophages may serve as surrogate viruses, (ii) experimental conditions determine whether a particular virus is appropriate as a challenge, and (iii) PHI-X174 is an excellent choice as a surrogate virus to test barrier materials. The data further indicate that before barrier materials are challenged with viruses, adequate tests should be performed to ensure that the virus is compatible with the test material and test conditions, so that meaningful data will result. C1 BAXTER HLTHCARE CORP,BAXTER PHARM,IRWINDALE,CA 91706. BIOCON INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP LYTLE, CD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 22 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 57 IS 9 BP 2549 EP 2554 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA GF769 UT WOS:A1991GF76900018 PM 1837444 ER PT J AU WYSOWSKI, DK BAUM, C AF WYSOWSKI, DK BAUM, C TI OUTPATIENT USE OF PRESCRIPTION SEDATIVE-HYPNOTIC DRUGS IN THE UNITED-STATES, 1970 THROUGH 1989 SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRIAZOLAM; INSOMNIA AB Data from two pharmaceutical marketing research databases, the National Prescription Audit and the National Disease and Therapeutic Index, were used to study outpatient use of prescription sedative-hypnotic drugs in the United States from 1970 through 1989. Retail pharmacies dispensed an estimated 62.5 million prescriptions for sedative-hypnotic drugs in 1970. This number declined by half to 31.6 million in 1978. This decline has continued, so that in 1989 there were 20.8 million dispensed prescriptions. From 1970 to 1989, barbiturate and nonbarbiturate-nonbenzodiazepine prescriptions decreased 24-fold and 18-fold, respectively, and benzodiazepine prescriptions increased 26-fold. By 1989, the ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine drug triazolam was the leading sedative hypnotic, with about 40% of the total sedative-hypnotic market in the 6 years since its marketing. Data also indicate shifts from longer to shorter acting, and from higher to lower dose, benzodiazepine prescriptions, increasing use of antidepressant drugs for insomnia, female predominance of use, and increasing use with age. RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 19 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 151 IS 9 BP 1779 EP 1783 DI 10.1001/archinte.151.9.1779 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA GE534 UT WOS:A1991GE53400013 PM 1888243 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ KODELL, RL HOWE, RB GAYLOR, DW AF CHEN, JJ KODELL, RL HOWE, RB GAYLOR, DW TI ANALYSIS OF TRINOMIAL RESPONSES FROM REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY EXPERIMENTS SO BIOMETRICS LA English DT Article DE BETA-BINOMIAL; DIRICHLET-TRINOMIAL; INTRALITTER CORRELATION; TERATOLOGY ID TOXICOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS AB This paper presents a Dirichlet-trinomial distribution for modelling data obtained from reproductive and developmental studies. The common endpoints for the evaluation of reproductive and developmental toxic effects are the number of dead fetuses, the number of malformed fetuses, and the number of normal fetuses for each litter. With current statistical methods for the evaluation of reproductive and developmental effects, the effect on the number of deaths and the effect on the number of malformations are analyzed separately. The Dirichlet-trinomial model provides a procedure for the analysis of multiple endpoints simultaneously. This proposed Dirichlet-trinomial model is a generalization of the beta-binomial model that has been used for handling the litter effect in reproductive and developmental experiments. Likelihood ratio tests for differences in the number of deaths, the number of malformations, and the number of normals among dosed and control groups are derived. The proposed test procedure based on the Dirichlet-trinomial model is compared with that based on the beta-binomial model with an application to a real data set. RP CHEN, JJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,BIOMETRY STAFF,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 7 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERNATIONAL BIOMETRIC SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 808 17TH ST NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3910 SN 0006-341X J9 BIOMETRICS JI Biometrics PD SEP PY 1991 VL 47 IS 3 BP 1049 EP 1058 DI 10.2307/2532657 PG 10 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA GG509 UT WOS:A1991GG50900018 PM 1742429 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, P AF SCHWARTZ, P TI UNITED-STATES FOOD STANDARDS - PRESENT AND FUTURE SO FOOD AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article RP SCHWARTZ, P (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD AUSTRALIA PI N SYDNEY NSW PA 153 WALKER ST, STE 903, N SYDNEY NSW 2060, AUSTRALIA SN 1032-5298 J9 FOOD AUST JI Food Aust. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 43 IS 9 BP S4 EP S6 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA GD829 UT WOS:A1991GD82900005 ER PT J AU GARTHRIGHT, WE AF GARTHRIGHT, WE TI REFINEMENTS IN THE PREDICTION OF MICROBIAL-GROWTH CURVES SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article RP GARTHRIGHT, WE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 8 IS 3 BP 239 EP 248 DI 10.1016/0740-0020(91)90056-8 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA GU436 UT WOS:A1991GU43600009 ER PT J AU EPSTEIN, SL AF EPSTEIN, SL TI REGULATORY CONCERNS IN HUMAN GENE-THERAPY SO HUMAN GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN ADENOSINE-DEAMINASE; HUMAN FACTOR-IX; STEM-CELLS; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN INSULIN; HEMOPHILIA-B; SOLUBLE CD4; RETROVIRUS; EXPRESSION AB Gene therapy in humans is now being undertaken in an investigational setting. Such therapy involves the administration of biological products to human patients. A document entitled, "Points to Consider in Human Somatic Cell Therapy and Gene Therapy" has been prepared by the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is published elsewhere in this issue. This paper provides explanatory material about the CBER regulatory process and the scientific and regulatory basis for the requests for data in that document. RP US FDA, CBER,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB, BLDG 29,ROOM 522, HFB 710, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1043-0342 EI 1557-7422 J9 HUM GENE THER JI Hum. Gene Ther. PD FAL PY 1991 VL 2 IS 3 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1089/hum.1991.2.3-243 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA GM005 UT WOS:A1991GM00500008 PM 1751592 ER PT J AU HARRIS, GR AF HARRIS, GR TI A MODEL OF THE EFFECTS OF HYDROPHONE AND AMPLIFIER FREQUENCY-RESPONSE ON ULTRASOUND EXPOSURE MEASUREMENTS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article AB Because of finite amplitude effects in water or other low attenuation media, diagnostic ultrasound pressure pulses can have significant spectral content beyond 50 MHz. To record these pulses accurately, the hydrophone and its preamplifier must have a sufficiently broadband response. To examine how less-than-ideal hydrophones and amplifiers could affect the measurement of pulse parameters, a simulated distorted pressure pulse was analyzed before and after being filtered by hydrophone and amplifier response models. The hydrophone model used is similar to the response of piezopolymer membrane hydrophones. The amplifier model was taken from typical responses of integrated circuit operational amplifier-based designs. The pressure pulse, hydrophone, and amplifier were characterized respectively by the pulse center frequency, f(c), the hydrophone resonance frequency, f(h), and the amplifier low-pass corner frequency, f(a). It was found that if errors in the pulse-average intensity were to be below about +/- 5%, then f(h)/f(c) should be greater than about 10 for the hydrophone alone, or f(a)/f(c) should be greater than about 8 for the amplifier alone. However, when considering both filter functions, a hydrophone-amplifier combination can be chosen to allow less restrictive frequency ratios because of the off setting nature of the two filtering processes. RP HARRIS, GR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,HFZ-132,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD SEP PY 1991 VL 38 IS 5 BP 413 EP 417 DI 10.1109/58.84285 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA GD024 UT WOS:A1991GD02400003 PM 18267602 ER PT J AU FINN, TM SHAHIN, R MEKALANOS, JJ AF FINN, TM SHAHIN, R MEKALANOS, JJ TI CHARACTERIZATION OF VIR-ACTIVATED TNPHOA GENE FUSIONS IN BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; VIRULENCE FACTORS; CHOLERA-TOXIN; AMINO-ACID; IDENTIFICATION; COLONIZATION; INFECTION; CELLS; AGGLUTINOGEN AB The expression of many of the known virulence determinants of Bordetella pertussis is coordinately regulated by the vir regulatory locus and reduced in response to environmental signals called modulators. We have previously identified eight TnphoA gene fusions in B. pertussis in which the expression of alkaline phosphatase was maximal in the absence of the modulators nicotinic acid and MgSO4. We have termed the genes identified by these fusions vir-activated genes. Here we report the characterization of these TnphoA mutant strains. Four fusion strains were defective in known virulence determinants. For one of these, fusion strain SK39, Southern blot hybridization demonstrated that TnphoA was inserted in the S1 subunit gene of pertussis toxin. Hemagglutination assays, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and immunoblots identified three fusions strains, SK16, SK75, and SK91, that were defective in filamentous hemagglutinin. Whereas all three filamentous hemagglutinin-defective mutants showed either normal or enhanced colonization, the pertussis toxin-defective mutant showed a marked defect in pulmonary persistence. Of the four other fusion strains, two were deficient in outer membrane proteins. One of these, strain SK8, was defective in a major outer membrane protein of 95 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This strain colonized mouse lungs less well and did not induce lymphocytosis after aerosol challenge. The other strain, SK34, was defective in four outer membrane proteins, three of which were detectable only on a Western blot with polyclonal sera against B. pertussis. Two of our gene fusion strains did not show any defect in identifiable vir-regulated proteins. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,200 LONGWOOD AVE,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 43 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 59 IS 9 BP 3273 EP 3279 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA GD020 UT WOS:A1991GD02000059 PM 1652562 ER PT J AU OLSON, LD RENSHAW, CA SHANE, SW BARILE, MF AF OLSON, LD RENSHAW, CA SHANE, SW BARILE, MF TI SUCCESSIVE SYNOVIAL MYCOPLASMA-HOMINIS ISOLATES EXHIBIT APPARENT ANTIGENIC VARIATION SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID GENE PROBE; STRAINS AB The expression of surface proteins by 14 successive Mycoplasma hominis isolates obtained from the synovial fluid of a chronically infected septic arthritis patient was examined. Marked differences in the expression of surface proteins, as determined by monoclonal antibodies raised against the first isolate, were observed. However, identical restriction patterns and virtually identical hybridization patterns with probes containing the conserved genes of the Mycoplasma capricolum rRNA operon and the Escherichia coli elongation factor Tu suggest that the protein differences might reflect antigenic variation by M. hominis during infection. RP OLSON, LD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MYCOPLASMO LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 16 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 59 IS 9 BP 3327 EP 3329 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA GD020 UT WOS:A1991GD02000072 PM 1879948 ER PT J AU BURKE, GP WEISSINGER, J BOTSTEIN, P AF BURKE, GP WEISSINGER, J BOTSTEIN, P TI REGULATORY SCIENCE OF CHLOROFLUOROCARBON REPLACEMENT SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE-DEPOSITION CLEARANCE AND EFFECTS IN THE LUNG LA English DT Article RP BURKE, GP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV ONCOL & PULM,HFD-150,ROOM 17B-45,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0894-2684 J9 J AEROSOL MED JI J. Aerosol Med.-Depos. Clear. Eff. Lung PD FAL PY 1991 VL 4 IS 3 BP 201 EP 203 DI 10.1089/jam.1991.4.201 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System GA GE235 UT WOS:A1991GE23500011 ER PT J AU BURKE, GP POOCHIKIAN, G BOTSTEIN, P AF BURKE, GP POOCHIKIAN, G BOTSTEIN, P TI REGULATORY SCIENCE OF INHALATION AEROSOLS SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE-DEPOSITION CLEARANCE AND EFFECTS IN THE LUNG LA English DT Article RP BURKE, GP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV ONCOL & PULM,HFD-150,ROOM 17B-45,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0894-2684 J9 J AEROSOL MED JI J. Aerosol Med.-Depos. Clear. Eff. Lung PD FAL PY 1991 VL 4 IS 3 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1089/jam.1991.4.265 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Respiratory System GA GE235 UT WOS:A1991GE23500019 ER PT J AU FONG, TL SHINDO, M FEINSTONE, SM HOOFNAGLE, JH DIBISCEGLIE, AM AF FONG, TL SHINDO, M FEINSTONE, SM HOOFNAGLE, JH DIBISCEGLIE, AM TI DETECTION OF REPLICATIVE INTERMEDIATES OF HEPATITIS-C VIRAL-RNA IN LIVER AND SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Note DE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; HEPATITIS-C REPLICATION ID GENOME AB The hepatitis C virus is a positive stranded hepatotropic RNA virus. We describe a method of detecting positive and negative strands of hepatitis C viral RNA using the polymerase chain reaction. We tested serum and liver tissue from nine patients with chronic hepatitis C. The positive RNA strand of HCV was detected in the sera and livers of all nine, the negative strand was detected in the livers of eight (89%), and in the sera of five (55%). Titers of both strands of HCV RNA were determined by serial endpoint dilutions. The amount of the negative strand in the serum and liver was usually 10-100 times less than the positive strand. Predigestion of serum with ribonucleases did not alter the detection of the negative strand. This suggests that the negative strand found in the serum may be protected from digestion by being associated with virions. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,HEPATITIS RES LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20893. RP FONG, TL (reprint author), NIDDK,LIVER DIS SECT,BLDG 10,ROOM 4D52,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 14 TC 187 Z9 195 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 88 IS 3 BP 1058 EP 1060 DI 10.1172/JCI115368 PG 3 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA GD669 UT WOS:A1991GD66900044 PM 1653272 ER PT J AU COSSUM, PA HILL, DE BAILEY, JR ANDERSON, JH SLIKKER, W AF COSSUM, PA HILL, DE BAILEY, JR ANDERSON, JH SLIKKER, W TI TRANSPLACENTAL PASSAGE OF A HUMAN RELAXIN ADMINISTERED TO RHESUS-MONKEYS SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FETAL; PREGNANCY AB A synthetic version of the human relaxin encoded by the human gene 2 (hRlx-2) was administered to pregnant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) on gestational days 141-158. Monkeys (three per group) received doses of 100-mu-g/kg or 2000-mu-g/kg as a continuous i.v. infusion over 2 h into a radial vein. One monkey in the low-dose group received, along with the unlabelled hRlx-2, 25.5-mu-Ci/kg of the test material internally labelled with [S-35]cysteine. Immunoreactive hRlx-2, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, appeared in all fetuses within 30 min (the first sampling time) of beginning the infusions. Peak fetal plasma levels of hRlx-2 were only 0.8-1.5% of the maternal values. Only 8-15% of the fetal serum radioactivity was hRlx-2. Radioactivity from maternal urine pooled over the 4-h experiment did not elute at the volume corresponding to hRlx-2, but near the column volume. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. CALIF REG PRIMATE RES CTR,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT PAEDIAT,VANCOUVER V6T 1W5,BC,CANADA. RP COSSUM, PA (reprint author), GENENTECH INC,DEPT SAFETY EVALUAT,460 POINT SAN BRUNO BLVD,S SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94080, USA. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU J ENDOCRINOLOGY LTD PI BRISTOL PA 17/18 THE COURTYARD, WOODLANDS, ALMONDSBURY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS12 4NQ SN 0022-0795 J9 J ENDOCRINOL JI J. Endocrinol. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 130 IS 3 BP 339 EP 345 DI 10.1677/joe.0.1300339 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA GG989 UT WOS:A1991GG98900003 PM 1940712 ER PT J AU FORMAL, SB OAKS, EV OLSEN, RE WINGFIELDEGGLESTON, M SNOY, PJ COGAN, JP AF FORMAL, SB OAKS, EV OLSEN, RE WINGFIELDEGGLESTON, M SNOY, PJ COGAN, JP TI EFFECT OF PRIOR INFECTION WITH VIRULENT SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI 2A ON THE RESISTANCE OF MONKEYS TO SUBSEQUENT INFECTION WITH SHIGELLA-SONNEI SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RHESUS-MONKEYS; PLASMID; PROTEINS; VACCINE AB All virulent shigellae have large plasmids. Plasmid-associated genes encode the expression of membrane-associated proteins (MAP), some of which correlate with the ability to invade susceptible epithelial cells. These MAP are serologically related in all of the shigella serotypes and evoke an antibody response after infection. To determine whether the MAP have a significant role in protection, 24 monkeys were infected with virulent Shigella flexneri 2a. After recovery, one group (with controls) was rechallenged with S. flexneri 2a; another group (with controls) was fed Shigella sonnei. The animals that were rechallenged with S. flexneri 2a were protected, while those that were fed S. sonnei experienced the same incidence of disease as controls. No differences in serum immune response to MAP after primary infection with S. flexneri were detected in immunoblots using lysates of S. flexneri or S. sonnei or in ELISA using water extracts of these strains. C1 US FDA,OFF BIOL,DIV PROD QUAL CONTROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP FORMAL, SB (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT ENTER INFECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 16 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 164 IS 3 BP 533 EP 537 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA GB383 UT WOS:A1991GB38300014 PM 1869840 ER PT J AU JOHANNESSEN, JN SOBOTKA, TJ WEISE, VK MARKEY, SP AF JOHANNESSEN, JN SOBOTKA, TJ WEISE, VK MARKEY, SP TI PROLONGED ALTERATIONS IN CANINE STRIATAL DOPAMINE METABOLISM FOLLOWING SUBTOXIC DOSES OF 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE (MPTP) AND 4'-AMINO-MPTP ARE LINKED TO THE PERSISTENCE OF PYRIDINIUM METABOLITES SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE; 1-METHYL-4-PHENYLPYRIDINIUM; PARKINSONISM; DOPAMINE; DOG; DOSE RESPONSE ID BRAIN MONOAMINE-OXIDASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; NEUROTOXIC METABOLITE; TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE; 1-METHYL-4-PHENYLPYRIDINIUM; INHIBITION; ANALOGS; N-METHYL-4-PHENYLPYRIDINIUM; TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINE; MITOCHONDRIA AB Single toxic doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).HCl (2.5 mg/kg i.v.) and 4'-amino-MPTP.2HCl (22.5 mg/kg) induce loss of striatal dopamine (DA) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and of nigral DA neurons in the dog. To examine the subacute neurochemical changes induced by low doses of MPTP and 4'-amino-MPTP, dose-response studies of these compounds were carried out in the dog, using 6- and 3-week survival times for these two compounds, respectively. Low single doses of MPTP (1.0, 0.5, and 0.1 mg/kg i.v.) and 4'-amino-MPTP (15, 7.5, and 3.75 mg/kg i.v.) did not cause depletion of canine striatal DA or TH or a loss of nigral neurons. However, levels of the DA metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DO-PAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were decreased in a dose-related fashion, with significant loss of DOPAC being evident 6 weeks after the lowest administered dose of MPTP and 3 weeks after 4'-amino-MPTP. This selective loss of DA metabolites following nontoxic doses of MPTP and 4'-amino-MPTP led to a shift in the ratio of DA to DOPAC or HVA, which was characteristic for each compound. The measurement of striatal 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 4'-amino-MPP+ levels revealed that high concentrations (up to 150-mu-M) persist in the striatum for weeks following administration of a single nontoxic dose of MPTP or 4'-amino-MPTP. A causal relationship between the striatal concentration of MPP+ or 4'-amino-MPP+ and the change in DA metabolism as relected in the DA/DOPAC ratio is suggested by a significant correlation between these measures. It is suggested that presynaptic sequestration and retention of MPP+ and 4'-amino-MPP+ by striatal DA terminals result in the inhibition of the monoamine oxidase contained within these terminals. C1 NINCDS,NEURAL REGENERAT LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US EPA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. RP JOHANNESSEN, JN (reprint author), NIMH,CLIN SCI LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 3D-40,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 57 IS 3 BP 981 EP 990 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA GA379 UT WOS:A1991GA37900035 PM 1677682 ER PT J AU LEE, MLT GROSS, AJ AF LEE, MLT GROSS, AJ TI LIFETIME DISTRIBUTIONS UNDER UNKNOWN ENVIRONMENT SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PLANNING AND INFERENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CONF ON RELIABILITY CY MAY 17-19, 1988 CL UNIV MISSOURI COLUMBIA, COLUMBIA, MO HO UNIV MISSOURI COLUMBIA DE RELIABILITY; GENERALIZED GAMMA DISTRIBUTION; MULTIVARIATE LOMAX DISTRIBUTIONS; POSITIVE DEPENDENCE ID PAIRED OBSERVATIONS; DEPENDENCE; EQUALITY AB In many reliability applications, lifetime distributions of components of a system are usually assumed to be independent. A drawback to the independence assumption is that the influence of the environment on the system is ignored. In this paper, two similar but different models which incorporate unknown environmental factors are discussed. These models can also be applied to model paired experimental data in clinical trial situations. C1 BOSTON UNIV,DEPT MATH,BOSTON,MA 02215. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT BIOMETRY,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3758 J9 J STAT PLAN INFER JI J. Stat. Plan. Infer. PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 29 IS 1-2 BP 137 EP 143 PG 7 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA GG705 UT WOS:A1991GG70500014 ER PT J AU HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R AF HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R TI PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS USED FOR REGULATORY PURPOSES .2. PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27TH ANNUAL WORKSHOP OF THE FLORIDA DEPT OF AGRICULTURAL AND CONSUMER SERVICES ON PESTICIDE RESIDUE CY JUL 15-18, 1990 CL ST PETERSBURG, FL SP FLORIDA DEPT AGR & CONSUMER SERV ID DRUG-DOSAGE FORMS; CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS; FOODS AB The precision parameters of the method-performance (collaborative) studies published In the AOAC Journal from 1915 through 1990 for pesticide formulations have been recalculated on a uniform basis by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry 1987 protocol. About 93% of the 953 accepted assays, which are predominantly gravimetric (G), volumetric (V), and gas (GC) and liquid (LC) chromatographic methods, exhibit relative standard deviations among laboratories (RSD(R)) that are generally le" than 2 times the values predicted from the Horwitz equation: RSD(R) (%) = 2 exp (1 - 0.5 log C), where C is the concentration expressed as a decimal fraction. UV, VIS, and IR spectrophotometric (S) methods are somewhat poorer, with about 80% of the reported RSD(R) values less than twice the predicted RSD(R) value. The precision parameters of pesticide formulations analyzed by the older methods (G, V, GC) are equivalent to those previously found for drug preparations in the same concentration range; the precision parameters of pesticide formulations analyzed by LC and S are somewhat poorer. Overall, however, the precision parameters of pesticide formulations are generally independent of analyte, method, and matrix, and are primarily a function of concentration. The method-acceptability decisions of the AOAC for pesticide formulations during the past 75 years can be approximated retrospectively by using a criterion for RSD(R) that is le" than 2 times the RSD(R) calculated from the Horwitz equation. RP HORWITZ, W (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 19 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 74 IS 5 BP 718 EP 744 PG 27 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GF676 UT WOS:A1991GF67600003 PM 1783583 ER PT J AU HOLLAND, DC FAUL, KC ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK SHIMODA, W AF HOLLAND, DC FAUL, KC ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK SHIMODA, W TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CHLORTETRACYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN RUMINANT AND POULTRY SWINE FEEDS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; RESIDUAL TETRACYCLINES; ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES; ANIMAL-TISSUES; IMPROVEMENT; HONEY; OXYTETRACYCLINE; CARTRIDGE AB A liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for the determination of chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) in poultry/swine and ruminant feeds in the 10-100 ppm range and in premix CTC is extracted from ground feed/premix with acidified acetone, and the extract is filtered through a Millex-HV filter or disposable C18 column. The filtrate is partitioned with methylene chloride when additional cleanup is necessary. A Nova-Pak C18 column is used for LC separation with determination at 370 nm. The average recovery of CTC from premix was 95% with a standard deviation (SD) of 1.70 and a coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.79%. The overall average recovery from feeds was 77% with an SD of 3.18 and a CV of 4.10%. RP HOLLAND, DC (reprint author), US FDA,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER FED CTR,BLDG 20,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 74 IS 5 BP 780 EP 784 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GF676 UT WOS:A1991GF67600007 PM 1783585 ER PT J AU NOAH, CW RAMOS, NC GIPSON, MV AF NOAH, CW RAMOS, NC GIPSON, MV TI EFFICIENCY OF 2 COMMERCIAL ELISA KITS COMPARED WITH THE BAM CULTURE METHOD FOR DETECTING LISTERIA IN NATURALLY CONTAMINATED FOODS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID MONOCYTOGENES; MILK AB The efficiency of 2 commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Listeria-Tek(TM) and Tecra(TM)) for detecting Listeria in naturally contaminated foods was evaluated and compared with that of the culture method described in the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM). Both ELISAs u" modified University of Vermont (UVM-l) medium as a primary enrichment; the BAM method uses Listeria enrichment broth. Secondary enrichments for Listeria-Tek and Tecra, respectively, were Fraser broth and UVM-2, which contains additional acriflavin-HCI. When ELISA test results differed, secondary enrichments were tested against the other ELISA; Fraser broth was used to determine recovery rates because of tts superiority over UVM-2. Of the 178 food samples examined, the presence of Listeria was detected and culturally confirmed in 38, 37, and 40 samples by the BAM, Listeria-Tek, and Tecra methods, respectively. Differences In results of the ELISAs compared with those of the BAM method were not statistically significant; however, differences between results of the 2 ELISA methods were significant. It was concluded that as rapid screening methods, the Listeria-Tek and the Tecra kits quality as alternative methods to the BAM cultural method. RP NOAH, CW (reprint author), US FDA,3032 BRYAN ST,DALLAS,TX 75204, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 74 IS 5 BP 819 EP 821 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GF676 UT WOS:A1991GF67600014 PM 1783588 ER PT J AU STEPHENSON, P SATCHELL, FB ALLEN, G ANDREWS, WH AF STEPHENSON, P SATCHELL, FB ALLEN, G ANDREWS, WH TI RECOVERY OF SALMONELLA FROM SHELL EGGS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article AB A preenrichment procedure and a direct selective enrichment procedure were compared for recovery of Salmonella artificially Inoculated Into liquid whole egg, egg yolk, and egg albumen. For liquid whole egg and egg yolk, the 2 procedures were comparable. With egg albumen, however, preenrichment in lactose broth gave significantly higher recoveries than did direct selective enrichment In either selenite cystine or tetrathionate broths. The lactose preenrichment procedure was used to determine the survival of S. enteritidis in egg yolk and egg albumen over a period of 7 days. As shown by most probable number determinations, counts of S. enteritidis inoculated into egg albumen decreased by 3 log units, whereas those in egg yolk did not change significantly. It is recommended, therefore, that only the egg yolk be examined for this pathogen. In a comparison of 5 different preenrichment media (lactose broth, brain heart infusion broth, trypticase soy broth, buffered peptone water, and nutrient broth), lactose broth was somewhat less productive than the other 4 media for the recovery of Salmonella from egg yolks. Trypticase soy broth gave the highest recovery. RP STEPHENSON, P (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 74 IS 5 BP 821 EP 826 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GF676 UT WOS:A1991GF67600015 PM 1783589 ER PT J AU GILVYDIS, DM WALTERS, SM AF GILVYDIS, DM WALTERS, SM TI GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CAPTAN, FOLPET, AND CAPTAFOL RESIDUES IN TOMATOES, CUCUMBERS, AND APPLES USING A WIDE-BORE CAPILLARY COLUMN - INTERLABORATORY STUDY SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article AB An interlaboratory study of the determination of captan, folpet and captafol in tomatoes, cucumbers, and apples was conducted by 4 laboratories using wide-bore capillary column gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The 3 fungicides were determined using the Luke et al. multiresidue method modified to include additional solvent elution in the optional Florisil column cleanup step used with this method. The crops were fortified with each fungicide at 3 levels per crop. Mean recoveries ranged from 86.2% for a 25.1 ppm level of captan in apples to 115.4% for a 0.288 ppm level of captafol in apples. Interlaboratory coefficients of variation ranged from 3.4% (24.7 ppm folpet) to 9.7% (0.243 ppm captafol) for tomatoes; from 2.8% (2.0 ppm captafol) to 8.2% (24.8 ppm captan) for cucumbers; and from 1.5% (0.234 ppm folpet) to 22.1% (0.266 ppm captafol) for apples. RP GILVYDIS, DM (reprint author), US FDA,PESTICIDES & IND CHEM RES CTR,1560 E JEFFERSON AVE,DETROIT,MI 48207, USA. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 74 IS 5 BP 830 EP 835 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GF676 UT WOS:A1991GF67600017 PM 1783591 ER PT J AU SAPIENZA, PP IKEDA, GJ WARR, PI ALBERT, RH AF SAPIENZA, PP IKEDA, GJ WARR, PI ALBERT, RH TI TIME REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE HOMOGENEITY OF TEST SUBSTANCES ADDED TO DOG FEED SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Note AB The homogeneity of test substances in a carrier (animal feed) is a critical factor in conducting long-term feeding studies in laboratory animals. A method for determining the adequate amount of mixing to achieve homogeneity by a mixer of the type described has been determined when 2 distinctly different compounds are added to ground dog feed. Nicotinic acid and butylated hydroxyanisole at a concentration of 1% were separately mixed with the dog feed for 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 min to determine optimum mixing time. Test portions were taken from 4 different sampling sites at each time period and analyzed in duplicate for the added substance. Four batches were prepared and the results were aggregated. Very little interbatch variability was observed. The variance of the average values from the 4 sampling sites at each time period was calculated and used as a simple, crude, but effective numerical quantity to monitor the approach to homogeneity of the mixture. C1 US FDA,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SAPIENZA, PP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,BELTSVILLE RES FACIL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 74 IS 5 BP 857 EP 861 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GF676 UT WOS:A1991GF67600022 PM 1783593 ER PT J AU YESS, NJ AF YESS, NJ TI RESIDUES IN FOODS SO JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS LA English DT Article ID TOTAL DIET; PESTICIDES RP YESS, NJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,HFF-420,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 0004-5756 J9 J ASSOC OFF ANA CHEM PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 74 IS 5 BP A121 EP A141 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA GF676 UT WOS:A1991GF67600001 PM 1783581 ER PT J AU CIVIALE, C RITSCHEL, WA SHIU, GK AIACHE, JM BEYSSAC, E AF CIVIALE, C RITSCHEL, WA SHIU, GK AIACHE, JM BEYSSAC, E TI INVIVO-INVITRO CORRELATION OF SALBUTAMOL RELEASE FROM A CONTROLLED RELEASE OSMOTIC PUMP DELIVERY SYSTEM SO METHODS AND FINDINGS IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SALBUTAMOL; INVITRO-INVIVO CORRELATIONS; DISSOLUTION PERCENTAGE ABSORBED; PERCENTAGE RELEASED ID DOSAGE FORMS; PHARMACOKINETICS; BIOAVAILABILITY AB The drug release of salbutamol from a controlled release (osmotic pump) tablet was determined in vitro by four different dissolution apparatuses. From published in vivo data, percent of drug absorbed and percent of drug released in vivo were estimated. The highest correlation was obtained between percentage released in vitro versus percentage released in vivo using polynomial regression. C1 FAC PHARM CLERMONT FERRAND,DEPT BIOPHARMACEUT,28 PL HENRI DUNANT,F-63001 CLERMONT FERRAND,FRANCE. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,CINCINNATI,OH 45267. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU J R PROUS SA PI BARCELONA PA APARTADO DE CORREOS 540, PROVENZA 388, 08025 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0379-0355 J9 METHOD FIND EXP CLIN JI Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 13 IS 7 BP 491 EP 498 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GJ785 UT WOS:A1991GJ78500009 PM 1784147 ER PT J AU WOODGATE, R LEVINE, AS KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA EISENSTADT, E AF WOODGATE, R LEVINE, AS KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA EISENSTADT, E TI INDUCTION AND CLEAVAGE OF SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM UMUD PROTEIN SO MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE ESCHERICHIA-COLI UMUD, UMUD'; IMMUNODETECTION; CHEMILUMINESCENCE; SOS MUTAGENESIS ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA-REPAIR; UV-MUTAGENESIS; ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; SOS MUTAGENESIS; OPERON; RECA; LT2; MUTANTS; GENE AB SOS mutagenesis in prokaryotes is dependent upon the inducible activity of the chromosomally encoded UmuDC proteins, or homologous proteins such as MucAB or ImpCAB which are found on naturally occurring plasmids. Relative to Escherichia coli, however, Salmonella typhimurium is much less responsive to the mutagenic effects of DNA-damaging agents, despite the fact that it possesses both chromosomally and plasmid encoded umu-like operons. In E. coli, activation of the UmuD mutagenesis protein to UmuD' via RecA-mediated proteolysis is a critical step in the mutation fixation pathway. We have used a polyclonal antiserum raised against the E. coli UmuD and UmuD' proteins to show that S. typhimurium expresses cross-reacting material only after treatment with the DNA-damaging agent mitomycin C. The S. typhimurium umuDC operon, therefore, appears to be regulated by mechanisms similar to the E. coli umuDC operon. After induction, the S. typhimurium UmuD protein was processed to UmuD' in both S. typhimurium and E. coli. However, the S. typhimurium UmuD protein appears to be cleaved more efficiently than the E. coli UmuD protein under similar conditions. The data suggest that conversion of UmuD to the mutagenically active UmuD' is not the rate-limiting factor accounting for the weakly mutable phenotype of S. typhimurium. C1 US FDA,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. OFF NAVAL RES,DIV BIOL SCI,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP WOODGATE, R (reprint author), NICHHD,VIRUSES & CELLULAR BIOL SECT,BLDG 6,ROOM 1A13,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 34 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0026-8925 J9 MOL GEN GENET JI Mol. Gen. Genet. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 229 IS 1 BP 81 EP 85 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA GF176 UT WOS:A1991GF17600011 PM 1910151 ER PT J AU MUELLER, E KAMMULA, R MARLOWE, D AF MUELLER, E KAMMULA, R MARLOWE, D TI REGULATION OF BIOMATERIALS AND MEDICAL DEVICES SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article RP MUELLER, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 16 IS 9 BP 39 EP 41 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA GF320 UT WOS:A1991GF32000006 ER PT J AU MUELLER, EP BARENBERG, SA AF MUELLER, EP BARENBERG, SA TI BIOMATERIALS IN AN EMERGING NATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE AGENDA SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article RP MUELLER, EP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 16 IS 9 BP 86 EP 87 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA GF320 UT WOS:A1991GF32000015 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SM AF MORRIS, SM TI THE GENETIC TOXICOLOGY OF 5-BROMODEOXYURIDINE IN MAMMALIAN-CELLS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE 5-BROMODEOXYURIDINE; BRDURD ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; HERITABLE FRAGILE SITES; DNA-REPLICATION PATTERNS; FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; BRDU-SUBSTITUTED DNA; BLOOM-SYNDROME CELLS; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID REPLICATION; FACTORS AFFECTING EXPRESSION; CHROMOSOME-BREAKING ACTVITY AB The thymidine analog, BrdUrd, induces many biological responses which are of importance of the field of genetic toxicology and related disciplines. These include the induction of SCE, specific-locus mutations, and toxicity, inhibition of cell proliferation, and the expression of fragile sites in the human genome. In early models which addressed the mechanisms of the biological effects of BrdUrd exposure, two pathways were proposed to account for the induction of the biological responses. Incorporation of the enol form of BrdUrd into the nascent DNA strand after pairing with deoxyguanosine was proposed as one pathway, whereas the incorporation of BrdUrd opposite adenosine in place of thymidine was proposed as the second pathway. Many novel and sophisticated techniques have been applied to the study of the mechanism of the induction of biological effects by BrdUrd leading to a substantial increase in our understanding of these mechanisms. However, the experimental evidence clearly supports the contention that BrdUrd exerts its effects on eukaryotic cells through mechanisms similar to those originally proposed to explain the genotoxicity of BrdUrd. RP MORRIS, SM (reprint author), US PHS,US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 321 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD SEP PY 1991 VL 258 IS 2 BP 161 EP 188 DI 10.1016/0165-1110(91)90007-I PG 28 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GF880 UT WOS:A1991GF88000002 PM 1881403 ER PT J AU YU, SY HELFLICH, RH VONTUNGELN, LS ELBAYOUMY, K KADLUBAR, FF FU, PP AF YU, SY HELFLICH, RH VONTUNGELN, LS ELBAYOUMY, K KADLUBAR, FF FU, PP TI COMPARATIVE DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGENICITY OF 1-NITROPYRENE AND 2-NITROPYRENE - EVIDENCE FOR 2-NITROPYRENE MUTAGENESIS BY BOTH GUANINE AND ADENINE ADDUCTS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DNA ADDUCTS; NITROPYRENE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; GUANINE ADDUCTS; ADENINE ADDUCTS ID POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; BASE-PAIRS; DNA; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; NITROARENES; CARCINOGEN; INVITRO; MOUSE AB The mutations and DNA adducts produced by the environmental pollutant 2-nitropyrene were examined in Salmonella typhimurium tester strains. 2-Nitropyrene was a stronger mutagen than its extensively studied structural isomer 1-nitropyrene in strains TA96, TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, TA104 and TA1538. Both 1- and 2-nitropyrene were essentially inactive in TA1535. The mutagenicity of 1- and 2-nitropyrene in TA98 was much higher than in TA98NR and the activity of these compounds in TA1OO was much higher than in TA100NR. While 1-nitropyrene exhibited similar mutagenicity in strains TA98 and TA98/1,8-DNP6, the mutagenicity of 2-nitropyrene in TA98/1,8-DNP6 was much lower than in TA98. Analysis of DNA from TA96 and TA104 incubated with 2-nitropyrene indicated the presence of two adducts, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminopyrene and N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)-2-aminopyrene. The results suggest that 2-nitropyrene is metabolized by bacterial nitroreductase(s) to N-hydroxy-2-aminopyrene, and possibly by activation to a highly mutagenic O-acetoxy ester. DNA adduct formation with deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine correlates with the mutagenicity of 2-nitropyrene in tester strains possessing both G:C and A:T mutational targets. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. AMER HLTH FDN,NAYLOR DANA INST DIS PREVENT,VALHALLA,NY 10595. FU PHS HHS [35519] NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 250 IS 1-2 BP 145 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(91)90170-S PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA GL878 UT WOS:A1991GL87800014 PM 1944329 ER PT J AU MATTHEWS, JC SCALLET, AC AF MATTHEWS, JC SCALLET, AC TI NUTRITION, NEUROTOXICANTS AND AGE-RELATED NEURODEGENERATION SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL NEUROTOXICOLOGY CONF : ROLE OF TOXICANTS IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS CY OCT 01-04, 1990 CL LITTLE ROCK, AR SP UNION CARBIDE, US EPA, HLTH EFFECTS RES LAB, US FDA, NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, NIEHS, ARKANSAS DEPT HLTH, CIBA GEIGY, DUPONT CO, HASKELL LAB TOXICOL & IND MED, EASTMAN KODAK, HLTH & ENVIRONM LABS, PROCTER & GAMBLE DE CALORIC RESTRICTION; GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; DIETARY PROTEIN; NEUROHISTOLOGY; HIPPOCAMPUS; GLIA; PASSIVE AVOIDANCE; AGING ID MEMORY-DEFICIENT RATS; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; FISCHER-344 RATS; TRIMETHYLTIN; POTENTIATION; RESTRICTION; LONGEVITY; DAMAGE; BRAIN AB The National Institute on Aging supports a program of investigation of "biomarkers" of aging (biological parameters that change in magnitude with age), some of which may be among the, as yet unknown, causes of Alzheimer's disease. Exposure to neurotoxicants can also produce symptoms similar to Alzheimer's disease and has been proposed as a causative factor. We have examined the role of dietary factors and age on Alzheimer's disease-like neurohistological and behavioral symptoms as well as on the neurochemical effects of treatment with a prototypical neurotoxicant, trimethyltin (TMT). We found that aging greatly increased the susceptibility of hippocampal neurons to TMT-induced neurodegeneration. Limiting the dietary intake of calories, which has been reported to slow the aging process, also reduced the neurotoxic effects of a given dose of TMT Our current research focuses on the use of neurotoxins to model neurodegenerative conditions of aging in animals. We propose that by identifying an age-amplified biomarker or biomarkers somewhere along the chain from neurotoxic stimulus to neuronal necrosis we may also discover an up- or down-regulated gene, via it's gene product, that contributes to the etiology of human dementias. Our preliminary data suggest that up-regulated synthesis of post-synaptic glutamate receptors of the kainic acid-preferring subtype may be such a biomarker. C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,SCH PHARM,PHARMACEUT SCI RES INST,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MATTHEWS, JC (reprint author), UNIV MISSISSIPPI,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARMACOL,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677, USA. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU INTOX PRESS INC PI LITTLE ROCK PA PO BOX 24865, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72221 SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD FAL PY 1991 VL 12 IS 3 BP 547 EP 557 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA GF180 UT WOS:A1991GF18000020 PM 1745438 ER PT J AU MERVIC, M MOODY, TW KOMORIYA, A AF MERVIC, M MOODY, TW KOMORIYA, A TI A STRUCTURE-FUNCTION STUDY OF C-TERMINAL EXTENSIONS OF BOMBESIN SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Note DE BOMBESIN ANALOGS; BOMBESIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS; SWISS 3T3 CELLS; SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER CELLS ID CELL LUNG-CANCER; GASTRIN-RELEASING PEPTIDE; HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTORS; SWISS 3T3 CELLS AB Synthetic C-terminal extensions of BN were synthesized and the biological potency evaluated using Swiss 3T3 and small cell lung cancer cells. BN, which has an amidated C-terminal, inhibited specific [I-125-Tyr4]BN binding activity to Swiss 3T3 cells with an IC50 value of 1 nM, whereas the IC50 of BN-OH, which has a free C-terminal, was 1800 nM. The IC50 values of BNG, BNGK and BNGKK were 1400, 4700 and 500 nM, respectively. Similar binding data were obtained using SCLC cell line NCI-H345 and the bombesin analogues functioned as agonists based on the ability to elevate cytosolic Ca2+ in Fura-2 AM loaded SCLC cells. Also, the bombesin analogues stimulated H-3-thymidine uptake in Swiss 3T3 cells and the ED50 values for BN, BNG, BNGK and BNGKK were 1, 1300, 3900 and 400 nM. These data suggest that an amidated C-terminal is essential for high affinity binding and potency of BN. C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED & HLTH SCI,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. RORER BIOTECHNOL INC,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-53477] NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PD SEP-OCT PY 1991 VL 12 IS 5 BP 1149 EP 1151 DI 10.1016/0196-9781(91)90072-W PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA GM636 UT WOS:A1991GM63600038 PM 1666185 ER PT J AU LYTLE, CD BUDACZ, AP KEVILLE, E MILLER, SA PRODOUZ, KN AF LYTLE, CD BUDACZ, AP KEVILLE, E MILLER, SA PRODOUZ, KN TI DIFFERENTIAL INACTIVATION OF SURROGATE VIRUSES WITH MEROCYANINE-540 SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID BACTERIOPHAGE; INVOLVEMENT; OXYGEN AB Bacteriophages may be useful as surrogates for animal viruses when the virucidal properties of different photosensitizing compounds are initially investigated. We studied photoinactivation of four bacteriophages, phi-X174, T7, PRD1, and phi-6, by the dye merocyanine 540 (MC540) (15-mu-g/mL). Merocyanine 540 (MC540) should be most effective with lipid-containing viruses, since it is primarily lipophilic (but also binds to proteins). Two of the phages, PRD1 and phi-6 contain lipid, with only phi-6 having an external lipoprotein envelope. Filtered radiation (450-600 nm) from a 750 W projector was used at 16-100 W/m2. The survival curves of the different viruses clearly demonstrated different levels of sensitivity to photoinactivation by MC540, with phi-6 (D(o) = 1.5 kJ/M2) being the most sensitive, followed by T7 (21-fold less sensitive). While both PRD1 and phi-6 have lipid components, only phi-6 was photoinactivated by MC540. Thus the internal lipid components of PRD1 were not sufficient to allow photoinactivation by this dye, at fluences up to 300 kJ/m2. For comparison, we also photoinactivated Herpes simplex virus (D(o) = 0.053 kJ/m2) and found it to be 28-fold more sensitive than phi-6 to photoinactivation by the same concentration of MC540. Thus phi-6 may be used as a surrogate for enveloped human viruses for photoinactivation by lipophilic dyes, but the results may only be useful qualitatively. C1 BIOCON INC,ROCKVILLE,MD. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP LYTLE, CD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEV & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ-112,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 17 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD SEP PY 1991 VL 54 IS 3 BP 489 EP 493 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02047.x PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA GA539 UT WOS:A1991GA53900024 PM 1664526 ER EF