FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU LEVY, AS FEIN, SB SCHUCKER, RE AF LEVY, AS FEIN, SB SCHUCKER, RE TI MORE EFFECTIVE NUTRITION LABEL FORMATS ARE NOT NECESSARILY PREFERRED SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID INFORMATION AB An experimental design was used to compare performance and preference for five nutrition label formats. Four performance measures-accuracy and false-positives in identifying nutrient differences, time required, and correctness in judging which product was more nutritious-were derived from a product-comparison task. A sample of 1,460 food shoppers over 18 years old was recruited by a shopping mall-intercept method. Results of the study demonstrated that preferences and performance do not necessarily agree. The Control format, which had no nutrition profile information, performed the best but was liked the least. The Adjectival format, which provided nutrition profile information in the form of descriptive adjectives, was the most preferred. Results also showed that listing Daily Reference Values or nutrition profile aids increased preference but either did not affect performance or decreased it, depending on the specific aid and performance measure. Formats that some subjects liked for having adequate information others disliked for being hard to use. Formats that some subjects liked for being easy to use others disliked for having inadequate information. Age, education, and race were related to all of the performance measures except judgment of relative nutrition. Only gender was related to preference. Results of the study are useful as guidance for the development of consumer education materials. RP LEVY, AS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 18 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1230 EP 1234 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JT698 UT WOS:A1992JT69800012 PM 1401661 ER PT J AU PENNINGTON, JAT WILKENING, VL AF PENNINGTON, JAT WILKENING, VL TI NUTRITION LABELING OF RAW FRUIT, VEGETABLES, AND FISH SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB In response to certain requirements of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 (the 1990 amendments), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a voluntary nutrition labeling program for the 20 most frequently consumed raw fruit, vegetables, and fish in the United States. FDA used data on retail sales and food consumption to identify which foods to include in the program and developed guidelines for retailers to use in setting up the labeling program in their stores. FDA provided interim nutrition labeling data for retail use. These data are to be revised and updated at least every 2 years. A representative sample of 2,000 grocery stores will be used to assess compliance of retailers with the nutrition labeling guidelines. Substantial compliance with the guidelines is defined as compliance by 60% of the 2,000 stores. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF NUTR & FOOD SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP PENNINGTON, JAT (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 92 IS 10 BP 1250 EP 1254 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JT698 UT WOS:A1992JT69800015 PM 1401663 ER PT J AU PETRICOIN, EF HACKETT, RH AKAI, H IGARASHI, K FINBLOOM, DS LARNER, AC AF PETRICOIN, EF HACKETT, RH AKAI, H IGARASHI, K FINBLOOM, DS LARNER, AC TI MODULATION OF INTERFERON SIGNALING IN HUMAN FIBROBLASTS BY PHORBOL ESTERS SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR; INDUCIBLE GENE; STIMULATED TRANSCRIPTION; CYTOPLASMIC ACTIVATION; E1A ONCOGENE; ALPHA; BINDING; INHIBITION; PROTEIN AB Phorbol esters activate the expression of a variety of early-response genes through protein kinase C-dependent pathways. In addition, phorbol esters may promote cell growth by the inhibition of expression of cellular gene products regulated by antiproliferative agents such as interferons (IFN)s. In human diploid fibroblasts, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) selectively inhibits the IFN-alpha-induced cellular gene ISG54. Using transient transfection assays, we have delineated two elements in the promoter of this gene that are necessary for the inhibitory actions of PMA. These elements include (i) the IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) which is necessary for IFN-alpha-induced cellular gene expression, and (ii) an element located near the site of transcription initiation. IFN-alpha treatment resulted in the rapid induction of ISGF3, a multisubunit transcription factor which binds to the ISRE. PMA caused a substantial reduction in IFNalpha-induced ISGF3 in both nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts, as determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays with the ISRE as a probe. In vitro reconstitution experiments revealed that IFN-alpha activation of the ISGF3alpha component of ISGF3 was not affected by PMA. Further experiments were consistent with the possibility that PMA regulated the activity of a cellular factor which competed with ISGF3-gamma for binding of the activated ISGF3alpha polypeptides. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays using the cap site of ISG54 as a probe demonstrated the formation of a specific complex whose DNA binding activity was not affected by treatment of cells with PMA or IFN-alpha. Competitive inhibition studies were consistent with the DNA-protein complex at the cap site of ISG54 containing proteins with DNA binding sites in common with those which also interact with the ISRE. These data suggest a unique regulatory mechanism by which phorbol esters can modulate IFN signaling. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 35 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 12 IS 10 BP 4486 EP 4495 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA JP798 UT WOS:A1992JP79800027 PM 1406637 ER PT J AU MILLER, FW LEITMAN, SF PLOTZ, PH AF MILLER, FW LEITMAN, SF PLOTZ, PH TI PLASMA-EXCHANGE IN POLYMYOSITIS AND DERMATOMYOSITIS SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP MILLER, FW (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. OI Miller, Frederick/0000-0003-2831-9593 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 1 PY 1992 VL 327 IS 14 BP 1030 EP 1031 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JQ225 UT WOS:A1992JQ22500018 ER PT J AU OLSEN, AR ANGOLD, SC CROSS, DF SIDEBOTTOM, TH AF OLSEN, AR ANGOLD, SC CROSS, DF SIDEBOTTOM, TH TI NEW RECORD OF THE BLOWFLY, CHRYSOMYA-MEGACEPHALA (FABR), FROM ECUADOR (DIPTERA, CALLIPHORIDAE) SO PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Note RP OLSEN, AR (reprint author), US FDA,1521 W PICO BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PACIFIC COAST ENTOMOL SOC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA CALIFORNIA ACAD OF SCIENCES GOLDEN GATE PARK, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94118 SN 0031-0603 J9 PAN-PAC ENTOMOL JI Pan-Pacific Entomol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 68 IS 4 BP 280 EP 281 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KB297 UT WOS:A1992KB29700007 ER PT J AU ROGERS, WO MALIK, A MELLOUK, S NAKAMURA, K ROGERS, MD SZARFMAN, A GORDON, DM NUSSLER, AK AIKAWA, M HOFFMAN, SL AF ROGERS, WO MALIK, A MELLOUK, S NAKAMURA, K ROGERS, MD SZARFMAN, A GORDON, DM NUSSLER, AK AIKAWA, M HOFFMAN, SL TI CHARACTERIZATION OF PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE MALARIA; VACCINE; THROMBOSPONDIN RELATED ANONYMOUS PROTEIN; T-CELL WESTERN BLOT; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN ID HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE; T-CELLS RECOGNIZE; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANTIGEN; GENE; SEQUENCE; INVITRO; YOELII; ACID AB Immunization of mice with Plasmodium yoelii sporozoite surface protein 2 (PySSP2) and circumsporozoite protein protects completely against P. yoelii. The amino acid sequence of PySSP2 suggested that the thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP) [Robson, K. J. H., Hall, J. R. S., Jennings, M. W., Harris, T. J. R., Marsh, K., New-bold, C. I., Tate, V. E. & Weatherall, D. J. (1988) Nature (London) 335, 79-821 is the Plasmodium falciparum homolog of PySSP2. We report data confirming that TRAP is P. falciparum SSP2 (PfSSP2). Murine antibodies against recombinant PfSSP2 identify a 90-kDa protein in extracts of P. falciparum sporozoites, recognize sporozoites and infected hepatocytes by immunofluorescence, localize PfSSP2 to the sporozoite micronemes by immunoelectron microscopy and to the surface membrane by live immunofluorescence, and inhibit sporozoite invasion and development in hepatocytes in vitro. Human volunteers immunized with irradiated sporozoites and protected against malaria develop antibody and proliferative T-cell responses to PfSSP2, suggesting that, like PySSP2, PfSSP2 is a target of protective immunity, and supporting inclusion of PfSSP2 in a multicomponent malaria vaccine. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,CTR VACCINE DEV,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,INST PATHOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. US FDA,DIV ANTI INFECT DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADV MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT SURG,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP ROGERS, WO (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 33 TC 175 Z9 177 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 19 BP 9176 EP 9180 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.19.9176 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JQ934 UT WOS:A1992JQ93400066 PM 1409621 ER PT J AU SULEIMAN, OH CONWAY, BJ RUETER, FG SLAYTON, RJ AF SULEIMAN, OH CONWAY, BJ RUETER, FG SLAYTON, RJ TI AUTOMATIC FILM PROCESSING - ANALYSIS OF 9 YEARS OF OBSERVATIONS SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BREAST RADIOGRAPHY; QUALITY ASSURANCE; RADIATIONS, EXPOSURE TO PATIENTS AND PERSONNEL; RADIOGRAPHY, TECHNOLOGY; SCREENS AND FILMS AB A survey method known as the sensitometric technique for the evaluation of processing (STEP) has been used to monitor processing speed of over 2,000 automatic film processors in hospitals, private offices, and mammography facilities since 1981. Analysis of data obtained through this program revealed underprocessing at 33% (76 of 231) of observed hospitals in 1987, 7% (13 of 179) of mammography facilities in 1988, and 42% (101 of 241) of private practices in 1989. Underprocessing at mammography facilities decreased from 18% (25 of 139) in 1985, which was contrary to the trend in hospitals. The consequence of underprocessing is higher radiation exposure and a degradation in film contrast. Evaluation of automatic film processors is a necessary part of any comprehensive evaluation of a diagnostic radiography facility. The STEP procedure was designed only as a field survey test; to ensure optimal conditions for obtainment of diagnostic quality radiographs, facilities should perform quality assurance evaluations of their processing equipment and verify that processing recommendations of manufacturers are being followed. RP SULEIMAN, OH (reprint author), US FDA HFZ240,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF TRAINING & ASSISTANCE,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 17 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD OCT PY 1992 VL 185 IS 1 BP 25 EP 28 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JN608 UT WOS:A1992JN60800007 PM 1523318 ER PT J AU RUETER, FG CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL SLAYTON, RJ SULEIMAN, OH AF RUETER, FG CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL SLAYTON, RJ SULEIMAN, OH TI RADIOGRAPHY OF THE LUMBOSACRAL SPINE - CHARACTERISTICS OF EXAMINATIONS PERFORMED IN HOSPITALS AND OTHER FACILITIES SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY; QUALITY ASSURANCE; RADIATIONS, EXPOSURE TO PATIENTS AND PERSONNEL; RADIATIONS, MEASUREMENT; SCREEN AND FILMS ID ATTENUATION PHANTOM; EXPOSURE AB A survey of 523 facilities performing radiographic lumbosacral spine examinations was conducted as a part of the Nationwide Evaluation of X-Ray Trends program in 1987 and 1989. Average patient radiation exposure was measured by using a standard phantom developed by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Public Health Service. Data pertaining to radiographic equipment, film processing, and radiographic techniques were obtained. The overall average entrance skin air kerma was 3.65 mGy (420 mR). Ninety-eight percent (496 of 506) of observed facilities used a grid, 89% (466 of 523) had tube potentials between 70 and 89 kVp, and 67% (280 of 418) used screen-film systems with a speed of 400. The most important finding is that underprocessing of film remains a major concern. Thirty-three percent (78 of 234) of the hospitals, 25% of the radiologists in private practice (four of 16), 33% of the non-radiologist private practitioners (27 of 82), and 48% (69 of 143) of the chiropractors underprocessed their film. RP RUETER, FG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,HFZ-240,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD OCT PY 1992 VL 185 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA JN608 UT WOS:A1992JN60800010 PM 1523333 ER PT J AU WESSEL, JR AF WESSEL, JR TI CODEX COMMITTEE ON PESTICIDE-RESIDUES - A PLAN FOR IMPROVED PARTICIPATION BY GOVERNMENTS SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article RP WESSEL, JR (reprint author), US FDA,OFF REGULATORY AFFAIRS,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 16 IS 2 BP 126 EP 149 DI 10.1016/0273-2300(92)90053-C PG 24 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JP993 UT WOS:A1992JP99300003 PM 1438994 ER PT J AU TURNEY, EA AMARA, IA KOCH, GG STEWART, WH AF TURNEY, EA AMARA, IA KOCH, GG STEWART, WH TI EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE STATISTICAL-METHODS FOR LINEAR-MODEL ANALYSIS TO COMPARE 2 TREATMENTS FOR 24-HOUR BLOOD-PRESSURE RESPONSE SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON LONGITUDINAL DATA ANALYSIS CY JUN 19-21, 1991 CL FT LAUDERDALE, FL SP ABBOTT LABS, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB, CTR DIS CONTROL, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE, R W JOHNSON PHARM RES INST, ELI LILLY, MERCK SHARP & DOHME, PFIZER, PROCTER & GAMBLE, NORWICH EATON, QUINTILES ID CATEGORICAL-DATA AB This paper evaluates alternative statistical methods for the analysis of 24-hour blood pressure data from a clinical trial which compares two treatments for hypertension. The primary objective of the study discussed here was to determine the time course for the blood pressure lowering effects of a test drug given once daily in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension when compared with placebo. Thirty-five patients (24 on drug and 11 on placebo) were monitored for 24 hours at baseline and at two weeks post treatment, with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements recorded at 22 time points within each 24-hour visit. The changes in DBP from baseline across the 22 time points are the response variables of interest. Various statistical methods for the assessment of treatment effects over the entire 24-hour dosing interval in a setting with small sample size are discussed and illustrated. The results from a special application of weighted least squares analysis of covariance, which employs a smoothed covariance matrix, support the hypothesis that a once daily dose of the drug significantly reduces DBP over the entire 24-hour dosing interval when compared with placebo. This method has the distinct advantage of enabling evaluation of treatment differences for the change in DBP from baseline at the 22 time points with the corresponding 22 baseline DBP as covariates simultaneously in a situation where the treatment group sample sizes are small. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOSTAT,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. MARION MERRELL DOW INC,KANSAS CITY,MO 64134. RP TURNEY, EA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,HFD-713,ROOM 18B-45,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD OCT-NOV PY 1992 VL 11 IS 14-15 BP 1843 EP 1860 DI 10.1002/sim.4780111407 PG 18 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA KC111 UT WOS:A1992KC11100005 PM 1480877 ER PT J AU FRICKE, W AUGUSTYNIAK, L LAWRENCE, D BROWNSTEIN, A KRAMER, A EVATT, B AF FRICKE, W AUGUSTYNIAK, L LAWRENCE, D BROWNSTEIN, A KRAMER, A EVATT, B TI HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION DUE TO CLOTTING FACTOR CONCENTRATES - RESULTS OF THE SEROCONVERSION SURVEILLANCE PROJECT SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID HEMOPHILIA-B; SEROPREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION AB From 1987 to the present, the Seroconversion Surveillance Project has provided the means by which to monitor the risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by clotting factor concentrates. One hundred thirty-one hemophilia treatment centers in the United States are contacted regularly, and data on HIV testing of patients are collected. To date, 4366 (46.0%) of 9496 patients have been reported to be seropositive, and 37 new seroconversions have been identified. Nine of these have met the Centers for Disease Control criteria for seroconversion while the patient was taking factor concentrate. None of the nine seroconversions were due to concentrates that had been treated to inactivate viruses and made from plasma that had been tested for HIV antibody. These results indicate that there is a high prevalence of seropositivity in affected patient groups, but that the risk of HIV infection from currently available clotting factor concentrates is extremely low. C1 NATL HEMOPHILIA FDN,NEW YORK,NY. CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP FRICKE, W (reprint author), NIAID,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES FOOD & DRUG ADM,HFB-440,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU PHS HHS [223-89-1005] NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD OCT PY 1992 VL 32 IS 8 BP 707 EP 709 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1992.32893032095.x PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA JV169 UT WOS:A1992JV16900004 PM 1412676 ER PT J AU FRICKE, W LEBEL, D KOO, E AF FRICKE, W LEBEL, D KOO, E TI THE STRUCTURE OF FACTOR-VIII IN FACTOR-VIII CONCENTRATES SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD OCT PY 1992 VL 32 IS 8 SU S BP S51 EP S51 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA JW378 UT WOS:A1992JW37800192 ER PT J AU LIU, DTY AF LIU, DTY TI DEAMIDATION - A SOURCE OF MICROHETEROGENEITY IN PHARMACEUTICAL PROTEINS SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CARBOXYL METHYLTRANSFERASE; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; PEPTIDE DEGRADATION; CHEMICAL PATHWAYS; ASPARAGINYL; ASPARTYL; IDENTIFICATION; RESIDUES; MODEL AB Most protein molecules undergo some degree of spontaneous deamidation in vivo. This process may also occur during the production, isolation, purification, formulation and storage of pharmaceutical proteins. Deamidation is a potential source of microheterogeneity for pharmaceutical proteins, and this is an important issue that needs to be addressed, not only by the manufacturers but also by the national control agencies. This article provides an overview of the scientific and regulatory issues pertinent to deamidation of pharmaceutical proteins. RP LIU, DTY (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 29 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 10 IS 10 BP 364 EP 369 DI 10.1016/0167-7799(92)90269-2 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA JU598 UT WOS:A1992JU59800008 PM 1368876 ER PT J AU BABU, US JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV AF BABU, US JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV TI EFFECT OF SHORT-TERM FEEDING OF BARLEY OIL EXTRACT CONTAINING NATURALLY-OCCURRING TOCOTRIENOLS ON THE IMMUNE-RESPONSE OF RATS SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-E RP US FDA, DIV NUTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PD SEP 30 PY 1992 VL 669 BP 317 EP 319 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KA435 UT WOS:A1992KA43500029 ER PT J AU LOOTVOET, G BEYSSAC, E SHIU, GK AIACHE, JM RITSCHEL, WA AF LOOTVOET, G BEYSSAC, E SHIU, GK AIACHE, JM RITSCHEL, WA TI STUDY ON THE RELEASE OF INDOMETHACIN FROM SUPPOSITORIES - INVITRO-INVIVO CORRELATION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE SUPPOSITORY; INDOMETHACIN; INVITRO RELEASE; FLOW-THROUGH CELL; DIALYSIS ROTATING CELL; INVITRO-INVIVO CORRELATION AB The in vitro dissolution kinetics of three different suppository formulations of indomethacin was studied using two different apparatuses, namely, a flow-through cell (Dissotest (R)) and a dialysis rotating cell (Pharmatest (R)). A comparison between both apparatuses was carried out and two types of dissolutions became apparent depending on whether the excipient used in the formulation was either hydrophilic or lipophilic. The distinction between dissolution profiles was more evident using the flow-through cell. From the in vivo curves parameters furnished by the manufacturers, in vitro/in vivo correlations were performed. A linear relationship was established between the in vitro results obtained and the in vivo percentages absorbed that were calculated according to the Wagner-Nelson method. Simulated blood concentration-time curves were generated from the in vitro released data and the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained. A good superimposition of the experimental plasma concentrations and the simulated curves was obtained with the flow-through cell and the hydrophilic suppository dosage form whereas the simulation with the lipophilic suppository gave imperfect results irrespective of the apparatus used. C1 FAC PHARM CLERMONT FERRAND,DEPT BIOPHARMACEUT,28 PL HENRI DUNANT,F-63001 CLERMONT FERRAND,FRANCE. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,CINCINNATI,OH 45267. NR 4 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD SEP 20 PY 1992 VL 85 IS 1-3 BP 113 EP 120 DI 10.1016/0378-5173(92)90140-W PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JR241 UT WOS:A1992JR24100014 ER PT J AU SCHMITZ, U SETHSON, I EGAN, WM JAMES, TL AF SCHMITZ, U SETHSON, I EGAN, WM JAMES, TL TI SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF A DNA OCTAMER CONTAINING THE PRIBNOW BOX VIA RESTRAINED MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION WITH DISTANCE AND TORSION ANGLE CONSTRAINTS DERIVED FROM 2-DIMENSIONAL NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTRAL FITTING SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; PRIBNOW BOX; NOE RESTRAINTS; COMPLETE RELAXATION MATRIX ANALYSIS; DOUBLE-QUANTUM-FILTERED COSY ID RELAXATION MATRIX ANALYSIS; OVERHAUSER EFFECT SPECTRA; NOE SPECTROSCOPY; ROTATING FRAME; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; INTERPROTON DISTANCES; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; DOUBLE HELIX; NMR DATA; B-DNA C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR 01695, RR 01081]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 39247] NR 67 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD SEP 20 PY 1992 VL 227 IS 2 BP 510 EP 531 DI 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90904-X PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JQ373 UT WOS:A1992JQ37300015 PM 1404366 ER PT J AU BERGMAN, U ROSA, FW BAUM, C WIHOLM, BE FAICH, GA AF BERGMAN, U ROSA, FW BAUM, C WIHOLM, BE FAICH, GA TI EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO BENZODIAZEPINE DURING FETAL LIFE SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID PREGNANCY; INUTERO AB Dysmorphism and mental retardation have been reported in 7 Swedish children born of mothers who had taken high doses of benzodiazepines regularly during pregnancy. To explore this association further, we examined benzodiazepine use during pregnancy in 104 000 women whose deliveries were registered by the US public health insurance system, Medicaid, during 1980-83. Fetal outcomes were assessed from the health claims profiles of their offspring, up to 6-9 years after delivery. 80 pregnant women had received 10 or more benzodiazepine prescriptions during the 4 years. Their records showed heavy general use of health care and frequent alcohol and substance abuse, and other disorders that could confound any effect of the benzodiazepines. For the 80 pregnancies, 3 intrauterine deaths were identified as well as 2 infants with congenital abnormalities whose curtailed records suggested neonatal death. Records of 64 surviving children could be linked to these 80 pregnancies whilst records for 11 apparent survivors could not be located. 6 of the 64 survivors had diagnoses consistent with teratogenic abnormalities. The high rate of teratogenicity after heavy maternal benzodiazepine use occurs with multiple alcohol and substance exposure and thus may not be due to benzodiazepine exposure. C1 US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. MED PROD AGCY,UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RP BERGMAN, U (reprint author), KAROLINSKA INST,HUDDINGE HOSP,DEPT CLIN PHARMACOL,S-14186 HUDDINGE,SWEDEN. NR 15 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD SEP 19 PY 1992 VL 340 IS 8821 BP 694 EP 696 DI 10.1016/0140-6736(92)92232-5 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JN780 UT WOS:A1992JN78000004 PM 1355799 ER PT J AU YAO, JB KERI, JE TAFFS, RE COLTON, CA AF YAO, JB KERI, JE TAFFS, RE COLTON, CA TI CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERLEUKIN-1 PRODUCTION BY MICROGLIA IN CULTURE SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE MICROGLIA; MACROPHAGE; INTERLEUKIN-1; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; AMEBOID MICROGLIA; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; MAMMALIAN BRAIN; CNS MACROPHAGE; T-CELL; EXPRESSION; RESPONSES; DISEASE; INVITRO AB The production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) by cultured neonatal rat microglia was studied using the D10 cell assay. The results show that IL-1 was secreted in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. IL-1 production was specific to microglia and was not induced in astrocytes. Indomethacin, which is known to modulate the release of IL-1 from monocytes, had no effect on LPS-stimulated microglia. Aging of the microglia from two weeks to 4 weeks in culture, however, reduced the release of IL-1 in response to LPS. Our data indicate that microglia are a major source of IL-1 and that the release of IL-1 depends on the presence of inflammatory mediators such as LPS and the age of the culture. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. NINCDS,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 37 TC 110 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD SEP 18 PY 1992 VL 591 IS 1 BP 88 EP 93 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90981-E PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA JQ098 UT WOS:A1992JQ09800011 PM 1446236 ER PT J AU SIEGEL, JP STEIN, KE ZOON, KC AF SIEGEL, JP STEIN, KE ZOON, KC TI ANTIENDOTOXIN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP SIEGEL, JP (reprint author), US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 1 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD SEP 17 PY 1992 VL 327 IS 12 BP 890 EP 891 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JN120 UT WOS:A1992JN12000019 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI DRUG APPROVED TO TREAT BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 16 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 11 BP 1390 EP 1390 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JM849 UT WOS:A1992JM84900004 PM 1380995 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI TREATMENT IND GROUP-C DISTRIBUTION FOR ADVANCED METASTATIC OVARIAN-CANCER SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 16 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 11 BP 1390 EP 1390 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JM849 UT WOS:A1992JM84900003 PM 1380995 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI WIDE ACCESS PROTOCOLS FOR BREAST IMPLANTS APPROVED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 16 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 11 BP 1390 EP 1390 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JM849 UT WOS:A1992JM84900005 PM 1380995 ER PT J AU CALLAHAN, LN RODERIQUEZ, G MALLINSON, M NORCROSS, MA AF CALLAHAN, LN RODERIQUEZ, G MALLINSON, M NORCROSS, MA TI ANALYSIS OF HIV-INDUCED AUTOANTIBODIES TO CRYPTIC EPITOPES ON HUMAN CD4 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; RECOMBINANT SOLUBLE CD4; ANTI-CD4 AUTOANTIBODIES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INFECTED PATIENTS; LYMPHOCYTES-T; PROTEIN; RECEPTOR; AIDS AB Antilymphocyte antibodies, including autoantibodies to CD4, have been reported in AIDS patients and are postulated to contribute to T cell depletion and immunologic dysfunction. In this paper, we characterize and localize binding sites of human anti-CD4 autoantibodies from a number of HIV+ patients. Epitope mapping by ELISA and Western blotting, together with cross-competition experiments, showed that common autoepitopes were localized to at least two topographically separate sites on the fourth domain of sCD4. These sites were partially dependent on the carboxyl terminus of the soluble molecule and were not exposed on full length membrane CD4, even under denaturing Western blotting conditions. Peptide screening identified peptides from the fourth and third domains that were recognized by several, but not all, anti-CD4 serum samples. Soluble CD4 affinity-purified antibodies were predominantly IgG1 and were not induced to bind mCD4 after gp120 binding to T cells. Analysis of HIV seroconversion panels showed that the appearance of anti-CD4 antibodies followed HIV seroconversion by 6 to 12 months and paralleled anti-gp120 reactivity. This suggested a correlation between immune reactivity to envelope and anti-CD4 antibody production. Together, the data indicate that human anti-CD4 antibodies recognize cryptic conformational and linear epitopes on a cleaved form of CD4. These findings suggest that HIV may induce abnormal cleavage of full length CD4, thereby exposing immunogenic self epitopes normally hidden from humoral and cellular immune interactions. This model of abnormal processing of self Ag has general implications for autoantigen exposure in other autoimmune disorders. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,RETROVIROL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 35 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD SEP 15 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 6 BP 2194 EP 2202 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JN121 UT WOS:A1992JN12100050 PM 1381399 ER PT J AU EGAN, JJ GREENBERG, AS CHANG, MK WEK, SA MOOS, MC LONDOS, C AF EGAN, JJ GREENBERG, AS CHANG, MK WEK, SA MOOS, MC LONDOS, C TI MECHANISM OF HORMONE-STIMULATED LIPOLYSIS IN ADIPOCYTES - TRANSLOCATION OF HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE TO THE LIPID STORAGE DROPLET SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; RAT ADIPOCYTES; SUBCELLULAR-DISTRIBUTION; PHOSPHORYLATION; INSULIN; CELLS AB Hormone-sensitive lipase activity (HSL), which is found in the supernatant of centrifuged homogenates of lipolytically quiet isolated rat adipocytes, was greatly reduced in or absent from the supernatant of lipolytically stimulated cells. The lipase was purified 100- to 250-fold from the supernatant of lipolytically quiet cells to 10-20% purity by a single passage over phenyl-Sepharose resin with high (>70%) activity yields. Western blotting of adipocyte homogenate fractions with polyclonal antiserum raised against HSL showed that the enzyme shifted quantitatively from the supernatant of control cells to the floating "fat cake" of lipolytically stimulated cells. A similar shift to the fat cake was observed when cells were disrupted by hypotonic lysis and centrifugation rather than by homogenization. We propose that upon lipolytic activation of adipocytes and phosphorylation of HSL by cAMP-dependent protein kinase, the critical event is not an increase in catalytic activity (i.e., turnover number) but a translocation of the lipase to its substrate at the surface of the lipid storage droplet. C1 NIDDKD,CELLULAR & DEV BIOL,MEMBRANE REGULAT SECT,BLDG 6,ROOM B1-15,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 25 TC 294 Z9 302 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 15 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 18 BP 8537 EP 8541 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.18.8537 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JN503 UT WOS:A1992JN50300027 PM 1528859 ER PT J AU GINSBERG, M ROBERTO, R TRUJILLO, E BRAY, E BAILEY, E EDGERTON, P RUTHERFORD, GW SEWELL, CM PALMER, D WHEELER, S AF GINSBERG, M ROBERTO, R TRUJILLO, E BRAY, E BAILEY, E EDGERTON, P RUTHERFORD, GW SEWELL, CM PALMER, D WHEELER, S TI HIV EXPOSURE DURING NUCLEAR-MEDICINE PROCEDURES (REPRINTED FROM MMWR, VOL 41, PG 575-578, 1992) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,BERKELEY,CA 94704. NEW MEXICO HLTH DEPT,SANTA FE,NM. VET ADM MED CTR,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NUCL REGULATORY COMMISS,WASHINGTON,DC 20555. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,HOSP INFECT PROGRAM,HIV INFECT BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP GINSBERG, M (reprint author), SAN DIEGO DEPT HLTH,SAN DIEGO,CA, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 9 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 10 BP 1253 EP 1254 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JL608 UT WOS:A1992JL60800010 ER PT J AU GOLDING, H DIMITROV, DS BLUMENTHAL, R AF GOLDING, H DIMITROV, DS BLUMENTHAL, R TI LFA-1 ADHESION MOLECULES ARE NOT INVOLVED IN THE EARLY STAGES OF HIV-1 ENV-MEDIATED CELL-MEMBRANE FUSION SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HTLV-III/LAV ENVELOPE; SYNCYTIA FORMATION; GLYCOPROTEIN; INFECTION; LINE AB A recently developed sensitive assay to examine the early stages of HIV-1 env-mediated cell fusion is based on the redistribution of fluorescent dyes between membranes and cytoplasm of adjacent cells, monitored by fluorescence video microscopy. This assay demonstrated that membrane fusion can occur under conditions where no syncytia are formed. Fusion started earlier than syncytia formation and was not very sensitive to HIV-1 env+/CD4+ cell ratios. In the current study, this assay was used to determine the role of LFA-1 in HIV-1 env-mediated membrane fusion and syncytia formation. CD4- LFA-1- Epstein-Barr virus transformed lines from two leukocyte adhesion deficiency patients were infected with recombinant vaccinia expressing gp120/41 (HIV-IIIB), and cocultured with CD4+ subclones of the human T cell line CEM, which were generated by chemical mutagenesis and express either normal (LFA-1+), or low levels of LFA-1 (LFA-1lo). It was found that the LFA-1lo T-cell clone formed much smaller and fewer syncytia compared to the LFA-1+ subclones, but both clones fused equally well with the gp120/41 expressing LFA-1 B cells as monitored by redistribution of fluorescent dyes. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies against the LFA-1 molecules reduced the number of syncytia formed but had no effect on membrane fusion. These findings demonstrate that the adhesion molecule LFA-1 does not play a crucial role in the early events of HIV-1 env-mediated cell membrane fusion, but may contribute to the later events leading to giant cell formation. C1 NCI,LMMB,MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GOLDING, H (reprint author), FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2C15,HFB-555,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 8 IS 9 BP 1593 EP 1598 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.1593 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JW296 UT WOS:A1992JW29600010 PM 1457205 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH AF RHEINSTEIN, PH TI REPORTING OF ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS - A KEY TO POSTMARKETING DRUG SAFETY SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,MED STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD SEP PY 1992 VL 46 IS 3 BP 873 EP 874 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JM856 UT WOS:A1992JM85600024 PM 1514478 ER PT J AU WILLIAMSON, DF SERDULA, MK ANDA, RF LEVY, A BYERS, T AF WILLIAMSON, DF SERDULA, MK ANDA, RF LEVY, A BYERS, T TI WEIGHT-LOSS ATTEMPTS IN ADULTS - GOALS, DURATION, AND RATE OF WEIGHT-LOSS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID BODY-WEIGHT; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; BLACK-WOMEN; FOLLOW-UP; OBESITY; POPULATION; OVERWEIGHT; BEHAVIOR; EXPERIENCE; ATTITUDES AB Objectives. Although attempted weight loss is common, little is known about the goals and durations of weight loss attempts and the rates of achieved weight loss in the general population. Methods. Data were collected by telephone in 1989 from adults aged 18 years and older in 39 states and the District of Columbia. Analysis were carried out separately for the 6758 men and 14 915 women who reported currently trying to lose weight. Results. Approximately 25% of the men respondents and 40% of the women respondents reported that they were currently trying to lose weight. Among men, a higher percentage of Hispanics (31%) than of Whites (25%) or Blacks (23%) reported trying to lose weight. Among women, however, there were no ethnic differences in prevalence. The average man wanted to lose 30 pounds and to weigh 178 pounds; the average woman wanted to lose 31 pounds and to weigh 133 pounds. Black women wanted to lose an average of 8 pounds more than did White women, but Black women's goal weight was 10 pounds heavier. The average rate of achieved weight loss was 1.4 pounds per week for men and 1.1 pounds per week for women; these averages, however, may reflect only the experience of those most successful at losing weight. Conclusions. Attempted weight loss is a common behavior, regardless of age, gender, or ethnicity, and weight loss goals are substantial; however, obesity remains a major public health problem in the United States. C1 US FDA,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP WILLIAMSON, DF (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR CHRON DIS PREVENT & HLTH PROMOT,DIV NUTR K26,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 41 TC 183 Z9 184 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 1992 VL 82 IS 9 BP 1251 EP 1257 DI 10.2105/AJPH.82.9.1251 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA JK727 UT WOS:A1992JK72700011 PM 1503167 ER PT J AU STELMA, GN REYES, AL PEELER, JT JOHNSON, CH SPAULDING, PL AF STELMA, GN REYES, AL PEELER, JT JOHNSON, CH SPAULDING, PL TI VIRULENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF CLINICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISOLATES OF VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IRON; MICE; STRAINS; SERUM; RESISTANCE; INFECTIONS AB Twenty-four randomly selected clinical and environmental Vibrio vulnificus isolates were tested for virulence in iron-overloaded mice (250 mg of iron dextran per kg of body weight). The log10 50% lethal doses of 17 isolates were lower by greater-than-or-equal-to 3.5 log10 units in iron-overloaded mice than in control mice. These isolates were classified as virulent. The 50% lethal doses of these virulent isolates were also lower in mice that were immunosuppressed by treatment with cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg). Four of the seven isolates initially classified as avirulent were virulent in mice that were simultaneously iron overloaded and immunosuppressed. These isolates were classified as moderately virulent. The remaining three isolates were avirulent under all conditions. The incidence of virulent strains among clinical and environmental isolates did not differ. The virulent isolates produced high titers of hemolysin, were resistant to inactivation by serum complement, produced phenolate siderophore, and utilized transferrin-bound iron. The moderately virulent isolates differed from the virulent isolates only in their increased sensitivity to inactivation by serum complement. The avirulent isolates differed from those of the other two classes in their inability to either produce significant amounts of phenolate siderophore or utilize transferrin-bound iron. A modified agar plate diffusion method for transferrin-bound iron utilization was developed to differentiate the two classes of virulent isolates from the avirulent isolates in vitro. RP STELMA, GN (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 31 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 58 IS 9 BP 2776 EP 2782 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA JL632 UT WOS:A1992JL63200011 PM 1444386 ER PT J AU DESJARDINS, AE PLATTNER, RD SHACKELFORD, DD LESLIE, JF NELSON, PE AF DESJARDINS, AE PLATTNER, RD SHACKELFORD, DD LESLIE, JF NELSON, PE TI HERITABILITY OF FUMONISIN-B1 PRODUCTION IN GIBBERELLA-FUJIKUROI MATING POPULATION-A SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM SECTION LISEOLA; COCHLIOBOLUS-HETEROSTROPHUS; TOXIN PRODUCTION; GENETIC-CONTROL; MONILIFORME; INHERITANCE; MUTANTS; LEUKOENCEPHALOMALACIA; INCOMPATIBILITY; HETEROKARYOSIS AB Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by strains belonging to several different mating populations of Gibberella fujikuroi (anamorphs, Fusarium section Liseola), a major pathogen of maize and sorghum worldwide. We studied the heritability of fumonisin production in mating population A by crossing fumonisin-producing strains collected from maize and sorghum in the United States with fumonisin-nonproducing strains collected from maize in Nepal. Random ascospore and tetrad progeny from three of these crosses were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography for their ability to produce fumonisins on autoclaved cracked maize. In all three crosses, the ability to produce fumonisins, predominately fumonisin B1, segregated as a single gene or group of closely linked genes. Intercrosses between appropriate progeny and parents were poorly fertile, so we could not determine if the apparent single genes that were segregating in each of these crosses were allelic with one another. Mating type and spore-killer traits were scored in some crosses, and each segregated, as expected, as a single gene that was unlinked to the ability to produce fumonisins. We conclude that G. fujikuroi mating population A provides a powerful genetic system for the study of this important fungal toxin. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,FUSARIUM RES CTR,UNIV PK,PA 16802. DOW ELANCO,GREENFIELD,IN 46140. RP DESJARDINS, AE (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 48 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 58 IS 9 BP 2799 EP 2805 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA JL632 UT WOS:A1992JL63200014 PM 1444389 ER PT J AU SAGRIPANTI, JL AF SAGRIPANTI, JL TI METAL-BASED FORMULATIONS WITH HIGH MICROBICIDAL ACTIVITY SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIBEROPTIC BRONCHOSCOPY; SERRATIA-MARCESCENS; OUTBREAK; VIRUS; CONTAMINATION; DISINFECTION; ENDOSCOPY AB Substances were evaluated for their relative potencies in inactivating Junin virus, Escherichia coli, and spores of Bacillus subtilis. Under the conditions of our test, glutaraldehyde was the most efficient agent among all substances currently recommended for disinfecting and sterilizing medical devices. Either copper or iron ions by themselves were able to inactivate virus with an efficiency similar to that of substances currently used for disinfection and sterilization. The microbicidal effect of metals, however, was enhanced further by the addition of peroxide. The mixtures of copper and peroxide described here were more efficient than glutaraldehyde in inactivating viruses and bacteria. The addition of a metal chelator to metal-peroxide mixtures further increased the microbicidal potency of the reagent. The formulations described in this study should be harmless to people but able to quickly and efficiently inactivate microorganisms, particularly viruses. RP SAGRIPANTI, JL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,HFZ-113,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 31 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 58 IS 9 BP 3157 EP 3162 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA JL632 UT WOS:A1992JL63200067 PM 1332611 ER PT J AU LYTLE, CD ROUTSON, LB CYR, WH AF LYTLE, CD ROUTSON, LB CYR, WH TI A SIMPLE METHOD TO TEST CONDOMS FOR PENETRATION BY VIRUSES SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID SURROGATE VIRUSES; TRANSMISSION; BARRIER; PERMEABILITY; EFFICACY AB A method by which virus penetration through condoms can be tested with simple, inexpensive equipment is described. The method uses phi-X174 bacteriophage as the challenge virus and physiologically relevant pressure. Penetration by 0.1-mu-l (or less) of challenge suspension can be readily detected. As examples, latex and natural-membrane condoms were examined. C1 BIOCON INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP LYTLE, CD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV LIFE SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 58 IS 9 BP 3180 EP 3182 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA JL632 UT WOS:A1992JL63200073 PM 1444433 ER PT J AU ENZ, LA LOVE, LA TARGOFF, IN PANDEY, JP MILLER, FW AF ENZ, LA LOVE, LA TARGOFF, IN PANDEY, JP MILLER, FW TI ASSOCIATIONS AMONG GM PHENOTYPES, HLA ALLELES, AND MYOSITIS-SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES (MSA) IN IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHY (IIM) SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OKLAHOMA MED RES FDN,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73104. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S52 EP S52 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800107 ER PT J AU FUKAZAWA, T RAYBOURNE, R YU, D AF FUKAZAWA, T RAYBOURNE, R YU, D TI THE REACTIVITY OF HLA-B27 WITH ANTIBODIES IS DEPENDENT ON CRITICAL RESIDUES OF THE BETA-2M AND ON THE ANTIGENIC PEPTIDES SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S162 EP S162 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800753 ER PT J AU GURLEY, RC TARGOFF, IN GARCIADELATORRE, I HENNEKAM, RCM KALOVIDOURIS, AE BAUMBACH, LL NEVILLE, HE KLINGMAN, J MILLER, FW AF GURLEY, RC TARGOFF, IN GARCIADELATORRE, I HENNEKAM, RCM KALOVIDOURIS, AE BAUMBACH, LL NEVILLE, HE KLINGMAN, J MILLER, FW TI FAMILIAL MYOSITIS CASES EMPHASIZE THE ROLES OF GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHY (IIM) SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. HOSP GEN OCCIDENTE SEGURO SOCIAL,GUADALAJARA,MEXICO. CLIN GEN CTR,UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. RICHARD L ROUDEBUSH VET ADM MED CTR,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. UNIV MIAMI,CORAL GABLES,FL 33124. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER,CO 80262. PERMANENTE MED GRP INC,WALNUT CREEK,CA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S89 EP S89 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800320 ER PT J AU LEFF, RL NICASTRI, CG NICHOLS, RC RABEN, N PLOTZ, PH KLINMAN, D AF LEFF, RL NICASTRI, CG NICHOLS, RC RABEN, N PLOTZ, PH KLINMAN, D TI IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTITATION OF INDIVIDUAL B-CELLS SECRETING ANTI-JO-1 ANTIBODIES IN PATIENTS WITH MYOSITIS SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800215 ER PT J AU LOVE, LA WEINER, SR VASEY, FB CROFFORD, LJ ODDIS, CV STARR, MR BRIDGES, AJ TARGOFF, IN GURLEY, RC MILLER, FW AF LOVE, LA WEINER, SR VASEY, FB CROFFORD, LJ ODDIS, CV STARR, MR BRIDGES, AJ TARGOFF, IN GURLEY, RC MILLER, FW TI CLINICAL AND IMMUNOGENETIC FEATURES OF WOMEN WHO DEVELOP MYOSITIS AFTER SILICONE IMPLANTS (MASI) SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV S FLORIDA,TAMPA,FL 33620. NIAMS,BETHESDA,FL. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. UNIV MISSOURI,COLUMBIA,MO 65201. US FDA,CFSAN,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RI Crofford, Leslie/J-8010-2013 NR 0 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800068 ER PT J AU LOVE, LA BURGESS, SH HILL, PC ODDIS, CV MEDSGER, TA LEFF, RL PLOTZ, PH REVEILLE, JD AMETT, FC TARGOFF, IN MILLER, FW AF LOVE, LA BURGESS, SH HILL, PC ODDIS, CV MEDSGER, TA LEFF, RL PLOTZ, PH REVEILLE, JD AMETT, FC TARGOFF, IN MILLER, FW TI GEOGRAPHICAL AND SEASONAL CLUSTERING IN THE ONSET OF IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHY (IIM) IN GROUPS DEFINED BY MYOSITIS-SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES (MSA) SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NIAMS,BETHESDA,MD. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 35 IS 9 SU S BP S40 EP S40 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA JR158 UT WOS:A1992JR15800031 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI AF MILLER, HI TI VACCINE CROSSTALK SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20785, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD SEP PY 1992 VL 10 IS 9 BP 936 EP 937 DI 10.1038/nbt0992-936b PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA KR583 UT WOS:A1992KR58300003 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, T LEE, YL LIZZIO, EF TRIPATHI, AK BONVINI, E PURI, J AF HOFFMAN, T LEE, YL LIZZIO, EF TRIPATHI, AK BONVINI, E PURI, J TI DIFFERENTIAL TURNOVER OF ENZYMES INVOLVED IN HUMAN MONOCYTE EICOSANOID METABOLISM - SELECTIVE-INHIBITION OF CYCLOOXYGENASE PRODUCT FORMATION BY CYCLOHEXIMIDE IN THE ABSENCE OF EFFECTS ON 5-LIPOXYGENASE OR PHOSPHOLIPASE-A(2) SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARACHIDONIC-ACID METABOLITES; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; PHORBOL ESTER; GROWTH-FACTOR; HL-60 CELLS; RELEASE; INDUCTION; PROTEIN; PROSTAGLANDIN; STIMULATION AB Human monocytes treated with cycloheximide (CHX) demonstrated a concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis and release in response to stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate, ionomycin, serum-treated zymosan, or concanavalin A. The effect of CHX required preincubation and was largely reversible within 2 hr. Thromboxane A2 release was affected similarly but no comparable effects were observed on labeled arachidonic acid release or leukotriene B4 generation. The PGE2 response was also inhibited by CHX when monocytes were given exogenous arachidonic acid with or without stimulation. CHX pretreatment also comparably decreased the amount of immunoreactive cyclooxygenase in resting and stimulated monocytes. These data indicate that monocyte cyclooxygenase, in contrast to phospholipase A2 or 5-lipoxygenase and their regulatory proteins, turns over rapidly and may be a target for up- or down-regulation by pharmacologic or (potentially) physiologic agents which affect protein synthesis or degradation. RP HOFFMAN, T (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD SEP 1 PY 1992 VL 44 IS 5 BP 955 EP 963 DI 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90128-6 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JN588 UT WOS:A1992JN58800015 PM 1326965 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, R ALI, SF SCALZO, FM SOLIMAN, K HOLSON, RR AF WILLIAMS, R ALI, SF SCALZO, FM SOLIMAN, K HOLSON, RR TI PRENATAL HALOPERIDOL EXPOSURE - EFFECTS ON BRAIN WEIGHTS AND CAUDATE NEUROTRANSMITTER LEVELS IN RATS SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE BRAIN; HALOPERIDOL; GROWTH; DEVELOPMENT; DOPAMINE; STRIATUM; RAT; ACETYLCHOLINE ID POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; PSYCHOTROPIC-DRUGS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; NURSING RATS; NEURONS; RESERPINE; SYSTEM; GROWTH; MOUSE; CELLS AB Monoamines may exert a trophic effect on early brain development. To assess the role of dopamine in prenatal neurological development of the rat, haloperidol (HAL) was given in daily 2.5 or 5 mg/kg SC doses to dams over gestational days 6 to 20. This treatment regime did not enhance fetal mortality, but did produce reliable. if modest, stunting of the body and brain weight of offspring. The 5 mg/kg HAL dose consistently reduced offspring brain weight to roughly 90% of controls. This effect was probably permanent, in that it was seen throughout maturation and in adults as late as 140 days of postnatal age. Appropriate controls showed that this effect was not due to drug-induced reductions in food intake, to the presence of HAL. in maternal milk, or to behavioral abnormalities in HAL-exposed dams. These effects had, at best, modest regional specificity, in that most brain regions were affected, independently of degree of dopaminergic innervation. Closer investigation of HAL effects on the striatum suggested that this permanent weight reduction was not accompanied by alterations in striatal concentrations of monoamines, monoamine metabolites, amino acids, choline, acetylcholine, DNA, protein, or water. It is concluded that prenatal HAL does stunt growth. but that this effect may not involve a direct drug influence restricted to the fetal dopamine system in the brain. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FLORIDA A&M UNIV,COLL PHARM & PHARMACEUT SCI,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32307. AGCY TOX SUBSTANCES & DIS REGISTRY,ATLANTA,GA 30329. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 65 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0361-9230 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 29 IS 3-4 BP 449 EP 458 DI 10.1016/0361-9230(92)90082-9 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA JM750 UT WOS:A1992JM75000029 PM 1356601 ER PT J AU SWANN, JP AF SWANN, JP TI MIRACLE CURE - THE STORY OF PENICILLIN AND THE GOLDEN-AGE OF ANTIBIOTICS - WAINWRIGHT,M SO BRITISH JOURNAL FOR THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE LA English DT Book Review RP SWANN, JP (reprint author), US FDA,HIST OFF,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0007-0874 J9 BRIT J HIST SCI JI Br. J. Hist. Sci. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 25 IS 86 BP 376 EP 377 PN 3 PG 2 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA JR597 UT WOS:A1992JR59700025 ER PT J AU SEGERBACK, D KADLUBAR, FF AF SEGERBACK, D KADLUBAR, FF TI CHARACTERIZATION OF 4,4'-METHYLENEBIS(2-CHLOROANILINE) - DNA ADDUCTS FORMED INVIVO AND INVITRO SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-LIVER; RAT; BINDING; MOCA; 4,4'-METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE); 4,4'-METHYLENE-BIS-2-CHLOROANILINE; 2-CHLOROANILINE; CARCINOGEN; MICROSOMES AB 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA) is a genotoxic and carcinogenic industrial chemical to which there is considerable potential human exposure. Since metabolic activation and formation of DNA adducts are believed to be important for the induction of these effects, DNA was treated in vitro with radiolabeled N-hydroxy-MOCA, the presumed proximate carcinogenic metabolite formed in vivo. Two major radioactive peaks were observed after HPLC separation of enzymatic hydrolysates. The two products were analyzed by MS and characterized as N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)-4-amino-3-chlorobenzyl alcohol and N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)-4-amino-3-chlorotoluene. The same adducts were also the major adducts formed in DNA of tissues from rats treated with radiolabeled MOCA. They were eliminated from rat liver with non-linear kinetics, in agreement with observations made for other carcinogens. The selective reaction of N-hydroxy-MOCA with DNA-adenine and the formation of single arylamine ring adducts suggest a substitution mechanism involving an intermediate with strong S(N)1 character, aided by the negative inductive effect of the ortho-chlorine. Due to tautomer formation, the initial adduct may be inherently unstable and undergo cleavage at the 1'-carbon-methylene bond to yield the observed adducts. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU FDA HHS [NIOSH/FDA 224-88-0003] NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD SEP PY 1992 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1587 EP 1592 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.9.1587 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JP547 UT WOS:A1992JP54700016 PM 1394844 ER PT J AU PURI, RK FITZGERALD, D LELAND, P KOZAK, RW PASTAN, I AF PURI, RK FITZGERALD, D LELAND, P KOZAK, RW PASTAN, I TI INVITRO AND INVIVO SUPPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-2-ACTIVATED KILLER-CELL ACTIVITY BY CHIMERIC PROTEINS BETWEEN INTERLEUKIN-2 AND PSEUDOMONAS EXOTOXIN SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-CELLS; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-2; LYMPHOCYTES-T; IL-2-PE40; EXPRESSION; METASTASES; RECEPTORS; LYSIS; MICE C1 NCI,MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PURI, RK (reprint author), NIH,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 143 IS 2 BP 324 EP 334 DI 10.1016/0008-8749(92)90029-O PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA JL406 UT WOS:A1992JL40600007 PM 1511480 ER PT J AU LIN, DX KADERLIK, KR TURESKY, RJ MILLER, DW LAY, JO KADLUBAR, FF AF LIN, DX KADERLIK, KR TURESKY, RJ MILLER, DW LAY, JO KADLUBAR, FF TI IDENTIFICATION OF N-(DEOXYGUANOSIN-8-YL)-2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE AS THE MAJOR ADDUCT FORMED BY THE FOOD-BORNE CARCINOGEN, 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO[4,5-B]PYRIDINE, WITH DNA SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; INVITRO REACTION; AROMATIC-AMINES; PYRIDINE PHIP; COOKED FOOD; LIVER; DEOXYGUANOSINE; BENZIDINE; MUTAGEN; INVIVO AB The covalent binding of the N-acetoxy-, N-hydroxy-, and nitro derivatives of the food-borne carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) to 2'-deoxyribonucleosides or DNA was investigated in vitro and in vivo. N-Acetoxy-PhIP reacted with deoxyguanosine (dG), but not with the other deoxyribonucleosides, to form N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-PhIP (dG-C8-PhI]P), whose structure was determined by NMR and mass spectral analyses and by ultraviolet absorption and pH-solvent partitioning characteristics. While reaction of N-acetoxy-PhIP with calf thymus DNA at pH 5.0 yielded 5.38 +/- 1.16 nmol of bound PhIP residues/mg of DNA, N-hydroxy-PhIP gave only 0.13-0.23 nmol binding/mg of DNA under identical reaction conditions. Nitro-PhIP produced no detectable binding under these conditions. HPLC analysis of 1-butanol extracts of enzymatically hydrolyzed DNA that had been modified by N-acetoxy-PhIP PhIP in vitro showed a major adduct which coeluted with and had an ultraviolet absorption and a mass spectrum that were identical to that of authentic dG-C8-PhIP. P-32-Postlabeling analysis of DNA isolated from colon, pancreas, lung, heart, and liver of rats treated orally with revealed the presence of a major PhIP-DNA adduct. This adduct had chromatographic properties identical to that of the P-32-labeled bis(phosphate) derivative of dG-C8-PhIP and represented 35-45 % of the total adducts. Thus, these results indicate that PhIP is similar to other carcinogenic aromatic amines, forming dG-C8-PhIP as a major DNA adduct in vitro by reaction of N-acetoxy-PhIP with DNA and also in vivo in a variety of rat tissues after oral dosing with PhIP. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES HFT-100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NESTEC LTD,NESTLE RES CTR,CH-1000 LAUSANNE 26,SWITZERLAND. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 37 TC 171 Z9 172 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 5 IS 5 BP 691 EP 697 DI 10.1021/tx00029a016 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA JN551 UT WOS:A1992JN55100016 PM 1446011 ER PT J AU DECKER, CJ DOERGE, DR CASHMAN, JR AF DECKER, CJ DOERGE, DR CASHMAN, JR TI METABOLISM OF BENZIMIDAZOLINE-2-THIONES BY RAT HEPATIC MICROSOMES AND HOG LIVER FLAVIN-CONTAINING MONOOXYGENASE SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID S-OXYGENATION; CYTOCHROME-P-450; METHIMAZOLE; OXIDATION; MECHANISM AB The metabolism of benzimidazoline-2-thione (I) and the 1-methyl (11) and 1,3-dimethyl (III) derivatives was studied to elucidate the mechanisms of hepatic oxidation for this class of thionosulfur-containing xenobiotics. NADPH-dependent metabolism of I, II, and III to the corresponding benzimidazoles Ia, IIa, and IIIa, respectively, was observed in dexamethasone-pretreated rat hepatic microsomes. III was the only thiocarbamide converted to an amide metabolite (IIb). The effects of heat and 1-aminobenzotriazole pretreatment suggested that rat hepatic microsomal metabolism of I was catalyzed by the flavin-containing monoxygenase (FMO) only and that of II and III by both FMO and cytochrome P450 isozymes (P450). Addition of 5.0 mM glutathione (GSH) blocked formation of all metabolites from I, II, and III. Highly purified hog liver FMO catalyzed formation of all metabolites observed in rat hepatic microsomal systems. Incubation of III with either rat liver microsomes or with highly purified hog liver FMO in the presence of [O-18] water led to ca. 50 % incorporation of [O-18] into IIIb. When [O-18] molecular oxygen was used, ca. 8 % incorporation of [O-18] into IIIb was observed. Highly purified hog liver FMO also converted I-III to chemically reactive species that covalently bound to protein thiols. In the presence of hog liver FMO, the covalent binding pattern of radiolabeled I-III to bovine serum albumin was essentially identical to that observed for rat hepatic microsomes. The formation of Ib and concomitant extrusion of the sulfur moiety of the molecule to species that covalently bind to microsomal proteins suggested a novel oxidation mechanism for III by both microsomal monooxygenases in which sulfur monoxide is a reactive species produced. While rat liver microsomal FMO alone catalyzed the metabolism of I, these studies suggested that P450 and FMO catalyzed formation of the same reactive intermediates from II and III. Apparently, the reactivity of the S-oxygenated species is a major determinant in the ultimate formation of products and covalent binding to proteins. The results of these studies are inconsistent with a general role for the formation of atomic sulfur as a reactive species and hydrodisulfide protein adducts during microsomal metabolism of thiocarbamides. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04622]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM36426] NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 5 IS 5 BP 726 EP 733 DI 10.1021/tx00029a021 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA JN551 UT WOS:A1992JN55100021 PM 1446015 ER PT J AU HONIG, PK WOOSLEY, RL ZAMANI, K CONNER, DP CANTILENA, LR AF HONIG, PK WOOSLEY, RL ZAMANI, K CONNER, DP CANTILENA, LR TI CHANGES IN THE PHARMACOKINETICS AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC PHARMACODYNAMICS OF TERFENADINE WITH CONCOMITANT ADMINISTRATION OF ERYTHROMYCIN SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID LONG QT SYNDROME; METABOLITE; QUINIDINE AB Terfenadine is a nonsedating H-1-antagonist that when overdosed, used with hepatic compromise, or when given with ketoconazole results in accumulation of parent terfenadine, prolongation of the QT interval, and torsades de pointes in susceptible patients. Nine subjects were given the recommended dose of terfenadine (60 mg every 12 hours) for 7 days before initiation of oral erythromycin (500 mg every 8 hours). All subjects increased metabolite concentrations after the addition of erythromycin for 1 week. The maximum concentration of metabolite increased by a mean of 107% and the mean metabolite area under the concentration-time curve increased by 170%. Three subjects accumulated unmetabolized terfenadine after administration of erythromycin for 1 week. Electrocardiographic data revealed changes in QT intervals and ST-U complexes in a subset of subjects who accumulated terfenadine. We conclude that erythromycin alters the metabolism of terfenadine, leading to accumulation of terfenadine in certain individuals that is associated with altered cardiac repolarization. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PHARMACOL,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. GEORGETOWN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Zamani, Kaveh/A-9182-2011 FU FDA HHS [FDA 224-88-3006] NR 27 TC 292 Z9 298 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 52 IS 3 BP 231 EP 238 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JP425 UT WOS:A1992JP42500002 PM 1526078 ER PT J AU HENDRY, WJ BRANHAM, WS SHEEHAN, DM AF HENDRY, WJ BRANHAM, WS SHEEHAN, DM TI THE HAMSTER-CHEEK POUCH AS A CONVENIENT ECTOPIC SITE FOR STUDIES OF UTERINE MORPHOGENESIS AND ENDOCRINE RESPONSIVENESS SO DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; BREAST-CANCER; GROWTH; CELLS; ESTRADIOL; UTERUS; EPITHELIUM; INVITRO; CYCLE; MICE AB The Syrian hamster cheek pouch was evaluated as a convenient transplantation site for studies of estrogen-dependent uterine growth and morphogenesis. At one month of age, hosts were either ovariectomized (Ovex) or ovariectornized and estrogen implanted (Ovex + E2), and at the same time the uterus from a 7-day old untreated donor was transplanted into the host's right cheek pouch. Periodic inspection (by simple eversion of the pouch) revealed viable transplants in the majority of hosts for both groups, and clear evidence of estrogen-dependent transplant growth that continued for at least 9 months. At that time, weight of the transplanted uterus was comparable to that of a given host's own in situ uterus, but uteri at both sites weighed six to eightfold more in Ovex + E2 hosts than in Ovex hosts. Histological analysis also revealed similar degrees of endometrial atrophy in Ovex hosts and hypertrophy/hyperplasia in Ovex + E2 hosts for both in situ and transplanted uteri. Furthermore, while only scant and rudimentary endometrial glands developed in both in situ and transplanted uteri within Ovex hosts, uteri at both sites within the Ovex + E2 hosts were riddled with cystic glandular structures and exhibited marked leukocytic infiltration. These data demonstrate that neonatal uteri transplanted to the hamster cheek pouch will grow, differentiate and follow an endocrine-responsive morphogenetic program that is quantitatively and qualitatively consistent with that of the host's in situ uterus. Lastly, we were able to cleanly separate epithelium from the stroma of 5-day old hamster uteri, reassociate the two tissues in vitro, transplant the recombinants into cheek pouches of adult female hamsters and subsequently observe growth and maintenance of a generally normal uterine morphology and differentiated function. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT MED,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD28074] NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0301-4681 J9 DIFFERENTIATION JI Differentiation PD SEP PY 1992 VL 51 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 DI 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1992.tb00679.x PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA JN385 UT WOS:A1992JN38500006 PM 1451961 ER PT J AU PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG LYNCOOK, LE BURNS, ER SHEEHAN, D CASCIANO, DA AF PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG LYNCOOK, LE BURNS, ER SHEEHAN, D CASCIANO, DA TI A NUCLEAR-PROTEIN ASSOCIATED WITH LETHAL HEAT-SHOCK OF HL-60 CELLS SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POLYACRYLAMIDE-GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; SODIUM DODECYL-SULFATE; STRESS PROTEINS; LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS; CYCLE; ACTIN; INDUCTION; ARSENITE C1 US DEPT HHS,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. RP PIPKIN, JL (reprint author), US DEPT HHS,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 202 IS 1 BP 167 EP 173 DI 10.1016/0014-4827(92)90416-6 PG 7 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA JL089 UT WOS:A1992JL08900020 PM 1511731 ER PT J AU HART, RW TURTURRO, A AF HART, RW TURTURRO, A TI OVERVIEW OF CANCER AND AGING - A MECHANISTIC PERSPECTIVE SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CANCER; AGING; MECHANISMS; FREE RADICALS; GENETIC DAMAGE ID GROWTH; TUMORIGENESIS; ONCOGENES; RATS AB Cancer and aging are approached from the standpoint of damaging agents affecting target cell, local cellular environment, and the organism as a whole. The effects of exogenous agents are represented in a model emphasizing absorption, organismic disposition, and cellular disposition. Endogenous agents are represented similarly. The extent of endogenous damage is illustrated. Factors in the expression of damage as a toxic endpoint are emphasized, with the example of caloric restriction used as an example of environmental modulation of response. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD SEP-DEC PY 1992 VL 27 IS 5-6 BP 567 EP 574 DI 10.1016/0531-5565(92)90011-N PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA JP128 UT WOS:A1992JP12800011 PM 1426089 ER PT J AU TURTURRO, A HART, R AF TURTURRO, A HART, R TI DIETARY ALTERATION IN THE RATES OF CANCER AND AGING SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CANCER; AGING; MECHANISMS; CALORIC RESTRICTION ID RESTRICTION; TRENDS AB Both variation of diet and comparative analysis are used to evaluate the effects of nutrition on mortality and cancer. The effects of caloric restriction (CR) are compared in multiple strains raised under similar conditions for a diet developed to assist breeding, and for a standard diet. A standard analysis, using "aging rates," is of limited use for understanding the effects of CR in delaying mortality in certain strains. However, when the effect of the diets on body weight and the known effects on sex-specific P-450 isoenzyme expression are compared, these effects suggest a mechanism for the action of CR. By comparative analysis, the effect of CR on tumor pathology suggests that the same mechanisms responsible for inhibiting reproduction may be responsible for delaying the aging-related increase in incidence of diseases. Based on these data, the adaptive/longevity-related process theory of CR is modified to incorporate aspects of the disposable soma theory of aging, as well as pleiotropism. RP TURTURRO, A (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 20 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD SEP-DEC PY 1992 VL 27 IS 5-6 BP 583 EP 592 DI 10.1016/0531-5565(92)90013-P PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA JP128 UT WOS:A1992JP12800013 PM 1426091 ER PT J AU SRIVASTAVA, V TILLEY, R MILLER, S HART, R BUSBEE, D AF SRIVASTAVA, V TILLEY, R MILLER, S HART, R BUSBEE, D TI EFFECTS OF AGING AND DIETARY RESTRICTION ON DNA-POLYMERASES - GENE-EXPRESSION, ENZYME FIDELITY, AND DNA EXCISION REPAIR SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIETARY RESTRICTION; AGING; DNA POLYMERASE; GENE EXPRESSION; ENZYMES; DNA REPAIR ID ALPHA CATALYTIC POLYPEPTIDE; PROTEIN KINASE-C; HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; DECREASED FIDELITY; REGENERATING LIVER; CELL-PROLIFERATION; SYNTHESIS INVITRO; ACTIVITY FORM; LIFE-SPAN; REPLICATION AB Hepatic DNA polymerases isolated from young and old C57BL/6N mice fed ad libitum or calorically restricted differed in chromatographic characteristics, binding affinity for DNA template-primer, specific activity, and fidelity of synthesis. DNA polymerase alpha-total and specific activity declined slightly, while the nucleotide misincorporation frequency increased dramatically, with increased age of the donor animals. A positive correlation was observed between polymerase alpha-specific activity and the affinity of enzyme binding to activated DNA template-primer. Both the age-associated decline in enzyme activity and the decrease in fidelity of synthesis were modified by dietary restriction, with higher specific activity levels and lower misincorporation frequencies for DNA polymerases from dietarily restricted animals compared with ad libitum animals of all ages. Fidelity of both DNA polymerase alpha and beta-increased following treatment with the phosphoinositide hydrolysis product inositol-1,4-bisphoshate. The data suggest that dietary restriction could play an important role in decreasing the age-associated decline in function of physiological systems sensitive to decreased or defective DNA synthesis. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL VET MED,COLL STN,TX 77843. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SRIVASTAVA, V (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL MED,CTR MOLEC AGING,COLL STN,TX 77843, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG06347, AG07739] NR 92 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD SEP-DEC PY 1992 VL 27 IS 5-6 BP 593 EP 613 DI 10.1016/0531-5565(92)90014-Q PG 21 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA JP128 UT WOS:A1992JP12800014 PM 1426092 ER PT J AU ANSHER, S THOMPSON, W SNOY, P HABIG, W AF ANSHER, S THOMPSON, W SNOY, P HABIG, W TI ROLE OF ENDOTOXIN IN ALTERATIONS OF HEPATIC DRUG-METABOLISM BY DIPHTHERIA AND TETANUS TOXOIDS AND PERTUSSIS-VACCINE ADSORBED SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INTERFERON-INDUCING AGENTS; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; GROWTH-FACTOR; CYTOCHROME-P-450; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; LIVER; ACID; INTERLEUKIN-6; PROTECTION; DEPRESSION AB Administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine adsorbed (DTP vaccine) or endotoxin (LPS) resulted in marked alterations in hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in endotoxin-responsive (R) and non-endotoxin-responsive (NR) mice. A single human dose (0.5 ml) of DTP vaccine increased hexobarbital-induced sleep times to 1.6- to 1.8-fold above those of controls in both strains of mice. This effect persisted for 7 days. In contrast, Bordetella pertussis LPS-treated mice showed an increase at 1 day (3.0-fold for R mice and 1.5-fold for NR mice), which returned to control levels by day 7. Furthermore, cytochrome P-450 levels were decreased 30 to 40% 24 h after DTP vaccine administration in both R and NR mice, while after LPS administration they were decreased 30% in R mice and less than 10% in NR mice. Both spleen and liver weights of R and NR mice were increased 7 to 14 days following DTP vaccine administration. However, LPS treatment had no apparent effect on liver weights, and spleen weights of R mice were elevated from days 3 to 7. Histopathologic tissue examination showed random, multifocal inflammation with hepatocyte necrosis after DTP vaccine administration to both R and NR mice and an absence of lesions in LPS-treated mice. Premixing LPS with polymyxin eliminated the increased sleep times, but premixing DTP vaccine with polymyxin did not affect the increased sleep times. Levels of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 in plasma of R mice were markedly increased after DTP and LPS treatment, while NR mice had reduced increases. These results suggest that LPS contributes to the alterations in R and NR mice seen within the first 24 h of vaccine administration but that it is not likely to contribute to the effects observed at later time points. C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV PROD QUAL CONTROL, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP ANSHER, S (reprint author), US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV BACTERIAL PROD, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 60 IS 9 BP 3790 EP 3798 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JJ861 UT WOS:A1992JJ86100045 PM 1500188 ER PT J AU KHANOLKARYOUNG, S KOLK, AHJ ANDERSEN, AB BENNEDSEN, J BRENNAN, PJ RIVOIRE, B KUIJPER, S MCADAM, KPWJ ABE, C BATRA, HV CHAPARAS, SD DAMIANI, G SINGH, M ENGERS, HD AF KHANOLKARYOUNG, S KOLK, AHJ ANDERSEN, AB BENNEDSEN, J BRENNAN, PJ RIVOIRE, B KUIJPER, S MCADAM, KPWJ ABE, C BATRA, HV CHAPARAS, SD DAMIANI, G SINGH, M ENGERS, HD TI RESULTS OF THE 3RD IMMUNOLOGY OF LEPROSY IMMUNOLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY WORKSHOP SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID MAJOR PROTEIN ANTIGENS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; LEPRAE; EPITOPES AB An international workshop was sponsored by the World Health Organization to screen new antimycobacterial monoclonal antibodies and to identify antibodies which could be recommended as standard reagents giving consistent results under differing assay conditions. Fifty-eight antibodies were submitted to the workshop by eight independent laboratories. Nineteen of the antibodies recognized antigens distinct from those identified in earlier workshops, defining at least 10 new protein antigens. Monoclonal antibodies characterized in the workshop provide a set of convenient reagents for further characterization of mycobacterial antigens. C1 ROYAL TROP INST, 1105 AZ AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. STATENS SERUM INST, DK-2300 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK. COLORADO STATE UNIV, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. JAPAN ANTITB ASSOC, TB RES INST, KIYOSE, TOKYO 204, JAPAN. NATL INST IMMUNOL, NEW DELHI 110067, INDIA. US FDA, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UNIV GENOA, INST BIOL CHEM, I-16132 GENOA, ITALY. GESELL BIOTECHNOL FORSCH GMBH, W-3300 BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY. WHO, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND. RP KHANOLKARYOUNG, S (reprint author), LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED, LONDON WC1 7HT, ENGLAND. NR 17 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 60 IS 9 BP 3925 EP 3927 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JJ861 UT WOS:A1992JJ86100066 PM 1500202 ER PT J AU BUSCH, MP HENRARD, DR HEWLETT, IK MEHAFFEY, WF EPSTEIN, JS ALLAIN, JP LEE, TH MOSLEY, JW AF BUSCH, MP HENRARD, DR HEWLETT, IK MEHAFFEY, WF EPSTEIN, JS ALLAIN, JP LEE, TH MOSLEY, JW TI POOR SENSITIVITY, SPECIFICITY, AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF DETECTION OF HIV-1 DNA IN SERUM BY POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE-1; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; TYPE-1 INFECTION; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; WESTERN BLOT; AMPLIFICATION; PARTNERS; DONORS; HYBRIDIZATION; HEMOPHILIACS AB A series of recent studies have reported detection by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA (as opposed to virion RNA) in serum from both seropositive and seronegative persons. To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of PCR detection of cell-free HIV-1 DNA, we distributed coded panels containing 98 serum specimens obtained from well-characterized, infected individuals and control blood donors to the two laboratories with reported experience with this technique. Positive results were reported with HIV-1 gag primers (SK38/39) for 48 of 188 separate PCR determinations on DNA extracts from 44 serum samples from seropositive patients (25.5% sensitivity). HIV-1 gag signal was also reported for 28 of 151 PCR determinations on 34 samples from noninfected blood donors (18.5% false-positive rate). PCR for HIV-1 env DNA performed in one laboratory was negative on all specimens from seropositive and seronegative patients. Results for cell-free HIV-1 gag and human genomic (beta-globin or HLA DQ-alpha) DNA were inconsistent on replicate and serial specimens evaluated within each laboratory and between laboratories. These results indicate that current techniques for detecting cell-free HIV-1 DNA in serum lack adequate sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility for widespread clinical applications. C1 ABBOTT LABS,ABBOTT PK,IL. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT LAB MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. RP BUSCH, MP (reprint author), IRWIN MEM BLOOD CTR,270 MASON AVE,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94118, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HB-9-7074] NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 5 IS 9 BP 872 EP 877 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JJ975 UT WOS:A1992JJ97500004 PM 1512686 ER PT J AU PURI, A DIMITROV, DS GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R AF PURI, A DIMITROV, DS GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R TI INTERACTIONS OF CD4+ PLASMA-MEMBRANE VESICLES WITH HIV-1 AND HIV-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN-EXPRESSING CELLS SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE MEMBRANE FUSION; PLASMA MEMBRANE VESICLES; CD4; HIV-1 ENVELOPE ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RECOMBINANT SOLUBLE CD4; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; T-CELLS; INITIAL-STAGES; INFECTION; FUSION; RETROVIRUS; RECEPTOR AB To study interactions between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (gp120-gp41) and the receptor in the target membrane, CD4, a new experimental system utilizing CD4-carrying plasma membrane vesicles (CD4 PMVs) was developed. CD4 PMVs were prepared by hypotonic lysis of HeLa cells expressing CD4 after infection with recombinant vaccinia virus containing the CD4 cDNA. The CD4 PMVs carried up to 680 CD4 molecules per vesicle. Their fusion with cells expressing gp120-gp41 after infection with recombinant vaccinia virus was monitored by fluorescence video microscopy by using lipophilic fluorescent dyes. Fluorescence changes as a result of fusion occurred within 30 min at 37-degrees-C, and little fluorescence changes were seen with cells expressing the noncleaved HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp160). The preincubation of CD4 PMVs with HIV-1 reduced its infectivity 10-fold. The CD4 PMVs were more effective in inhibiting syncytia formation than sCD4. These results demonstrate that CD4 PMVs could be used to study the mechanisms of HIV-1 envelope-mediated fusion and have the potential to inactivate HIV-1. C1 NCI,LMMB,MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT SECT,BLDG 10,ROOM 41356,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 5 IS 9 BP 915 EP 920 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JJ975 UT WOS:A1992JJ97500010 PM 1512692 ER PT J AU HEIKES, DL CRAUN, JC AF HEIKES, DL CRAUN, JC TI RAPID MULTIRESIDUE PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES IN ANHYDROUS LANOLIN AND LANOLIN-CONTAINING PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS UTILIZING GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY CLEANUP WITH GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND MASS-SPECTROMETRIC TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESIDUE DETERMINATION; ORGANO-PHOSPHATE; TOTAL DIET; CHEMICALS AB The proposed multiresidue method has been used to quantify residues of 17 different pesticides found in anhydrous lanolin and lanolin-containing pharmaceutical preparations. Lanolin waxes are separated from the residues using automated gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Resulting eluates are injected directly into gas chromatographs using a variety of wide-bore capillary columns. A flame photometric detector in the phosphorus mode (FPD/P) is used to quantify organophosphorus pesticides. Organochlorine residues are determined through the use of electrolytic conductivity detection (ELCD). Several residues were identified or confirmed using GC with mass spectrometry. Results of analysis of samples of anhydrous lanolin collected in 1991 were similar in types and levels of residues to those analyzed in 1989. Diazinon residues were most prominent, with levels frequently in excess fo 20 mg/kg. Additionally, some lanolin-containing pharmaceutical preparations collected in 1988 and 1992 were found to have patterns of residues similar to those encountered in anhydrous lanolin. However, the highest level of residues encountered in these preparations was only 6.82 mg/kg (diazinon). Recoveries from anhydrous lanolin samples fortified with 12 organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides ranged from 97 to 110%. RP HEIKES, DL (reprint author), US FDA,11510 W 80TH ST,LENEXA,KS 66214, USA. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 40 IS 9 BP 1586 EP 1590 DI 10.1021/jf00021a022 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JP432 UT WOS:A1992JP43200022 ER PT J AU MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC ROYBAL, JE MEYER, JG HURLBUT, JA LONG, AR AF MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC ROYBAL, JE MEYER, JG HURLBUT, JA LONG, AR TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF METHYLENE-BLUE AND ITS METABOLITES IN MILK SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB A method is described for the liquid chromatographic (LC) determination of trace levels of methylene blue (MB) and its metabolites in milk. The cleanup involves protein precipitation with acetonitrile, extraction into chloroform of MB and its metabolites (azure A [AZA], azure B [AZB], and azure C [AZC]), extraction by chloroform of thionin at pH 1 0, and solid-phase extraction on a disposable carboxylic acid column. LC separation and quantitation are performed with an isocratic acetonitrile-acetate buffer mobile phase on a cyano column. Average recoveries (5-20 ppb levels) of MB, AZA, AZB, and thionin from fortified milk were 83.2, 60.0, 84.4, and 22.5%, respectively. Some incurred MB metabolites in milk are bound organically to a fraction of the milk substrate, whereas others are free demethylated forms of MB. Analysis of milk collected 8 h after administration of MB contained the following average levels (n = 6) of free MB and metabolites: MB, 31.0 ppb; AZA, 21.3 ppb; and AZB, 54.1 ppb. Depletion of free MB and metabolites AZA and AZB from milk after administration of MB to lactating cows occurred in less than 40 h. Metabolites of MB that formed complexes with organic compounds were hydrolyzed in part to the free forms. The leuco form of MB could not be verified in incurred residues in milk. RP MUNNS, RK (reprint author), US FDA,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER FED CTR,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 796 EP 800 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600007 ER PT J AU STACK, ME EPPLEY, RM AF STACK, ME EPPLEY, RM TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF FUMONISIN-B1 AND FUMONISIN-B2 IN CORN AND CORN PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; EQUINE LEUKOENCEPHALOMALACIA AB A liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for determining fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2), metabolites of Fusarium moniliforme, in corn and com products. The metabolites are extracted with methanol-water (3 + 1), and the extract is added to a disposable strong anion exchange column. After the FB1 and FB2 are eluted from the column with methanol-acetic acid (199 + 1) and the eluate is evaporated to dryness, the metabolites are derivatized with o-phthaldialdehyde and 2-mercaptoethanol to make highly fluorescent derivatives. Reversed-phase LC with fluorescence detection is used for the final separation and determination. The estimated limit of quantitation is 10 ng/g for each metabolite. The average recoveries from corn were 67% for FB, and 71% for FB2, with relative standard deviations of 5% for FB1 and 3% for FB2. The identities of the fumonisins were confirmed by mass spectrometry. Applications of the method include the analyses of com meal and breakfast cereals. RP STACK, ME (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 98 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 834 EP 837 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600015 ER PT J AU URANO, T TRUCKSESS, MW BEAVER, RW WILSON, DM DORNER, JW DOWELL, FE AF URANO, T TRUCKSESS, MW BEAVER, RW WILSON, DM DORNER, JW DOWELL, FE TI COOCCURRENCE OF CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID AND AFLATOXINS IN CORN AND PEANUTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; MYCOTOXIN; TOXICITY; STRAINS; CLEANUP AB Fifty samples of peanuts and 45 samples of corn, collected in Georgia during 1990, were examined for the co-occurrence of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and aflatoxins (AF). The corn was collected from fields in Georgia, before harvest, under the mycotoxin-monitoring program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service. The peanuts were designated for oil production or animal feed because of visible damage to the nutmeats. CPA was determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) using a linear gradient. Solvent A was methanol-water (85 + 15), and solvent B was 4 mM ZnSO4 in methanol-water (85 + 15). The gradient started at 0% B and reached 100% B at 1 0 min. AF were determined by RPLC with postcolumn iodination. Of the 45 com samples analyzed, 51% were contaminated with CPA (<25-2800 ng/g, av. 467 ng/g), and 87% were contaminated with AF (1-2300 ng/g, av. 252 ng/g). Of the 50 peanut samples, 90% contained CPA (<50-2900 ng/g, av. 460 ng/g), and 1 00% contained AF (3-22 000 ng/g, av. 1685 ng/g). The identity of CPA was confirmed in selected samples of corn and peanuts by mass spectrometry. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,TIFTON,GA 31793. USDA ARS,NATL PEANUT RES LAB,DAWSON,GA 31742. RP URANO, T (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 20 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 5 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 838 EP 841 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600016 ER PT J AU PERFETTI, GA NYMAN, PJ FISHER, S JOE, FL DIACHENKO, GW AF PERFETTI, GA NYMAN, PJ FISHER, S JOE, FL DIACHENKO, GW TI DETERMINATION OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS IN SEAFOOD BY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID FOODS; EXTRACTS; OILS; FISH AB Modification of a previously published method for determination of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produces very clean seafood extracts in less than half the time. After alkaline digestion of the seafood, PAHs were partitioned into 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane. The resulting extract was cleaned up by solid-phase extraction on alumina, silica, and C18 adsorbents and then analyzed by gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatography with programmable fluorescence detection. Average recoveries of 12 PAHs [acenaphthene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benz(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, benzo(ghi)perylene, and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene] from 5 different matrixes (mussels, oysters, clams, crabmeat, and salmon) spiked at low parts-per-billion levels ranged from 76 to 94%. Estimated limits of quantitation ranged from 0.01 to 0.6 ppb PAHs in extracts that were free of matrix interferences. Results of analyses of a mussels standard reference material obtained from the National Institute of Standards and Technology were in good agreement with the certified values. RP PERFETTI, GA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 872 EP 877 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600020 ER PT J AU DODSON, KY YOUNG, ER SOLIMAN, AGM AF DODSON, KY YOUNG, ER SOLIMAN, AGM TI DETERMINATION OF TOTAL VITAMIN-C IN VARIOUS FOOD MATRICES BY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AND FLUORESCENCE DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ASCORBIC-ACID; DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID AB A liquid chromatographic method was developed for quantitation of total vitamin C content in various food matrixes. The method includes extraction with 3% meta-phosphoric acid-acetic acid and oxidation of ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid with Norit, followed by reaction with o-phenylenediamine to form a fluorescent derivative. The fluorescent derivative is separated on a muBondapak C18 (10 mum) column with methanol-water (55 + 45) and detected fluorometrically. This method is demonstrated to be suitable for several sample matrixes, including complex matrixes of canned com, potatoes, green beans, potato chips, and cereals. Other products analyzed include infant formula, medical foods, fruit juice, and multivitamin tablets. Recoveries are in the range of 90-108%. Comparison of results with those by the AOAC fluorometric method shows excellent agreement. RP DODSON, KY (reprint author), US FDA,ATLANTA CTR NUTRIENT ANAL,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA. NR 15 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 15 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 887 EP 891 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600023 ER PT J AU MARKUS, JR ORANGERS, J AF MARKUS, JR ORANGERS, J TI ANIMAL DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP MARKUS, JR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 936 EP 936 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600033 ER PT J AU MARKUS, J SHERMA, J AF MARKUS, J SHERMA, J TI METHOD-I - LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ULTRAVIOLET DETERMINATION OF CLORSULON RESIDUES IN KIDNEY TISSUES OF CATTLE SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. LAFAYETTE COLL,DEPT CHEM,EASTON,PA 18042. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 937 EP 941 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600034 ER PT J AU MARKUS, J SHERMA, J AF MARKUS, J SHERMA, J TI METHOD-II - GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC MASS-SPECTROMETRIC CONFIRMATORY METHOD FOR IDENTIFICATION OF CLORSULON RESIDUES IN KIDNEY TISSUES OF CATTLE SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. LAFAYETTE COLL,DEPT CHEM,EASTON,PA 18042. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 75 IS 5 BP 942 EP 946 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JQ076 UT WOS:A1992JQ07600035 ER PT J AU HOOVER, TA VODKIN, MH WILLIAMS, JC AF HOOVER, TA VODKIN, MH WILLIAMS, JC TI A COXIELLA-BURNETII REPEATED DNA ELEMENT RESEMBLING A BACTERIAL INSERTION-SEQUENCE SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOMYCES-COELICOLOR A3(2); ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SECONDARY-STRUCTURE; LEUCINE ZIPPER; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; REPETITIVE SEQUENCE; LYSOSOMAL RESPONSE; BINDING PROTEINS AB A DNA fragment located on the 3' side of the Coxiella burnetii htpAB operon was determined by Southern blotting to exist in approximately 19 copies in the Nine Mile I genome. The DNA sequences of this htpAB-associated repetitive element and two other independent copies were analyzed to determine the size and nature of the element. The three copies of the element were 1,450, 1,452, and 1,458 bp long, with less than 2% divergence among the three sequences. Several features characteristic of bacterial insertion sequences were discovered. These included a single significant open reading frame that would encode a 367-amino-acid polypeptide which was predicted to be highly basic, to have a DNA-binding helix-turn-helix motif, to have a leucine zipper motif, and to have homology to polypeptides found in several other bacterial insertion sequences. Identical 7-bp inverted repeats were found at the ends of all three copies of the element. However, duplications generated by many bacterial mobile elements in the recipient DNA during insertion events did not flank the inverted repeats of any of the three C. burnetii elements examined. A second pair of inverted repeats that flanked the open reading frame was also found in all three copies of the element. Most of the divergence among the three copies of the element occurred in the region between the two inverted repeat sequences in the 3' end of the element. Despite the sequence changes, all three copies of the element have retained significant dyad symmetry in this region. C1 PURDUE UNIV,SCH VET MED,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,URBANA,IL 61801. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP HOOVER, TA (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIOL,FT DETRICK,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 59 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 174 IS 17 BP 5540 EP 5548 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JL431 UT WOS:A1992JL43100007 PM 1324903 ER PT J AU WAAG, DM GALLOWAY, A SANDSTROM, G BOLT, CR ENGLAND, MJ NELSON, GO WILLIAMS, JC AF WAAG, DM GALLOWAY, A SANDSTROM, G BOLT, CR ENGLAND, MJ NELSON, GO WILLIAMS, JC TI CELL-MEDIATED AND HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES INDUCED BY SCARIFICATION VACCINATION OF HUMAN VOLUNTEERS WITH A NEW LOT OF THE LIVE VACCINE STRAIN OF FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COXIELLA-BURNETII; PHASE-I; TULAREMIA; DIAGNOSIS; STIMULATION; ANTIGENS; PROTEINS; DISEASE; LVS AB Tularemia is a disease caused by the facultative intracellular bacterium Francisella tularensis. We evaluated a new lot of live F. tularensis vaccine for its immunogenicity in human volunteers. Scarification vaccination induced humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Indications of a positive immune response after vaccination included an increase in specific antibody levels, which were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent and immunoblot assays, and the ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to respond to whole F. tularensis bacteria as recall antigens. Vaccination caused a significant rise (P < 0.05) in immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM titers. Lymphocyte stimulation indices were significantly increased (P < 0.01) in vaccinees 14 days after vaccination. These data verify that this new lot of live F. tularensis vaccine is immunogenic. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV MED,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV BIOMETR & INFORMAT MANAGEMENT,FREDERICK,MD 21702. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NATL DEF RES ESTAB,DEPT MICROBIOL,S-90182 UMEA,SWEDEN. RP WAAG, DM (reprint author), USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT PATHOGENESIS & IMMUNOL,DIV BACTERIOL,FT DETRICK,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 25 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 30 IS 9 BP 2256 EP 2264 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JJ484 UT WOS:A1992JJ48400007 PM 1400988 ER PT J AU BORER, JS AF BORER, JS TI ATHEROGENESIS AND ISCHEMIA - 2 POINTS ON THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC CONTINUUM SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CARDIORENAL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP BORER, JS (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,COLL MED,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 32 IS 9 BP 848 EP 849 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JQ531 UT WOS:A1992JQ53100019 PM 1430304 ER PT J AU BORER, JS AF BORER, JS TI DRUGS FOR ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND FOR ISCHEMIA - HAVE THE INDICATIONS FOR APPROVAL MERGED SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; MEN C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CARDIORENAL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP BORER, JS (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,COLL MED,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 32 IS 9 BP 849 EP 852 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JQ531 UT WOS:A1992JQ53100020 ER PT J AU SOBEL, S AF SOBEL, S TI REGULATORY ISSUES RELATING TO CHOLESTEROL LOWERING DRUGS - WHERE DO WE STAND SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article RP SOBEL, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV METAB & ENDOCRINE DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 32 IS 9 BP 852 EP 854 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JQ531 UT WOS:A1992JQ53100021 ER PT J AU BORER, JS SOBEL, S CHI, G FENICHEL, R LEES, R SOMBERG, J AF BORER, JS SOBEL, S CHI, G FENICHEL, R LEES, R SOMBERG, J TI ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT FOR ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Discussion C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CARDIORENAL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV METAB & ENDOCRINE DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,STAT EVALUAT & RES BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. MIT,CTR ATHEROSCLOROSIS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. BOSTON HEART FDN,BOSTON,MA. CHICAGO MED SCH,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL & CARDIOL,N CHICAGO,IL. RP BORER, JS (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,COLL MED,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 32 IS 9 BP 857 EP 866 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JQ531 UT WOS:A1992JQ53100023 ER PT J AU MYERS, MR KERSCHEN, EJ AF MYERS, MR KERSCHEN, EJ TI THE ACOUSTIC FIELD OF A NEAR-SURFACE SOURCE AT INTERMEDIATE DISTANCES - A SIMPLE RESULT USING MATCHED ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB The method of matched asymptotic expansions is used to determine simple expressions for the acoustic field due to a source near a rigid boundary in an inhomogeneous medium. The observation distance is assumed to be large compared to the wavelength but short compared to the length scale over which the medium varies. Three asymptotic regions are identified: a local or source region, an outer or geometric-acoustics region, and a boundary layer containing an outer scattered field. The approach is illustrated in detail for the case of a simple source above a rigid surface in an environment for which the square of the index of refraction varies linearly with distance from the surface. Numerical comparisons show that, over a wide parameter range, the asymptotic result agrees well with the Hankel-transform solution for the linearly varying medium. The theory is then extended to account for more general media variations and sources with complex directivities. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT AEROSP & MECH ENGN,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP MYERS, MR (reprint author), US FDA,HYDRODYNAM & ACOUST BRANCH,HFZ-132,12721 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20817, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 92 IS 3 BP 1743 EP 1753 DI 10.1121/1.403913 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA JM605 UT WOS:A1992JM60500051 ER PT J AU BENDER, MM LEVY, AS SCHUCKER, RE YETLEY, EA AF BENDER, MM LEVY, AS SCHUCKER, RE YETLEY, EA TI TRENDS IN PREVALENCE AND MAGNITUDE OF VITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENT USAGE AND CORRELATION WITH HEALTH-STATUS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENT; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; NUTRIENT INTAKE; IRON STATUS; PATTERNS; BELIEFS; ADULTS; FOOD; CALIFORNIA AB The 1980 Food and Drug Administration Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Use Survey and the 1986 National Health Interview Survey used similar questions and Procedures to estimate and identify trends in the prevalence and magnitude of supplement usage in the United States. A comParison of the two surveys reveals that prevalence of supplement use among adults decreased slightly, from 42% in 1980 to 38% in 1986. The magnitude of supplement use has also decreased; users reported taking a mean of 2.15 supplements in 1980 compared with a mean of 1.77 in 1986. The prevalence of supplement users identified as light users increased from 42% in 1980 to 57% in 1986. Supplement usage was More likely and more intense among individuals who had one or more health problems and among individuals who Perceived their health as very good or excellent. The findings indicate that supplement usage remains a widespread behavior linked to popular conceptions of good health and well-being but one that is susceptible to change. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP BENDER, MM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 32 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1096 EP 1101 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JM991 UT WOS:A1992JM99100011 PM 1512368 ER PT J AU BOCKSTAHLER, LE CARNEY, PG BUSHAR, G SAGRIPANTI, JL AF BOCKSTAHLER, LE CARNEY, PG BUSHAR, G SAGRIPANTI, JL TI DETECTION OF JUNIN VIRUS BY THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Note DE JUNIN VIRUS; ARENAVIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER AB Argentine hemorrhagic fever is an often fatal human disease caused by Junin virus, an RNA-containing virus and member of the Arenavirus family. This virus was detected in vitro by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure. A pair of Junin virus-specific PCR DNA oligonucleotide primers and an oligonucleotide probe were designed from a known portion of the viral RNA sequence. RNA was isolated from Junin virus-infected monkey kidney cells and used to produce complementary DNA (cDNA) by reverse transcription. A DNA segment, 151 +/- 24 bp long, was amplified from this cDNA and characterized by agarose gel electrophoresis and Southern blot hybridization with the Junin virus-specific DNA probe. Sensitivity experiments showed that Junin virus could be detected with nanogram quantities of RNA isolated from virus-infected cells. The rapid and sensitive assay described here may contribute towards the development of a procedure for the early diagnosis of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. RP BOCKSTAHLER, LE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV LIFE SCI,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,HFZ-113,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP PY 1992 VL 39 IS 1-2 BP 231 EP 235 DI 10.1016/0166-0934(92)90142-Z PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA JQ073 UT WOS:A1992JQ07300023 PM 1331150 ER PT J AU BLUMBERG, BM EPSTEIN, LG SAITO, Y CHEN, D SHARER, LR ANAND, R AF BLUMBERG, BM EPSTEIN, LG SAITO, Y CHEN, D SHARER, LR ANAND, R TI HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 NEF QUASI-SPECIES IN PATHOLOGICAL TISSUE SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; AIDS ENCEPHALOPATHY; III INFECTION; CELL TROPISM; HIV-1; PROTEIN; GENE; CHILDREN; INVIVO AB The role of the nef gene in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is poorly understood. To provide a basis for studies on the role of nef in AIDS, we used targeted polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing to determine the structure of nef genes in pathologic tissue from HIV-1-infected children and adults. We find that the nef reading frame is open in 92% of clones derived from both brain and lymphocytic tissue of children, suggesting that nef is expressed in these tissues. One HIV-1 clone, BRVA, obtained by coculture from the brain of an adult AIDS patient with progressive dementia, was previously shown to contain a duplicated region in nef. We show here that similar duplications are widespread in both adults and children with AIDS. However, coculture strongly selects against the broad spectrum of nef quasispecies found in tissue. These findings suggest functional selection for nef quasispecies in pathologic tissues during HIV-1 infection of the human host. C1 UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,DIV NEUROPATHOL,NEWARK,NJ 07103. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BLUMBERG, BM (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,MOLEC NEUROVIROL LAB,601 ELMWOOD AVE,BOX 605,ROCHESTER,NY 14642, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS28754] NR 62 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 66 IS 9 BP 5256 EP 5264 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA JJ198 UT WOS:A1992JJ19800011 PM 1501274 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, VG NICHOLLS, PJ HABIG, WH YOULE, RJ AF JOHNSON, VG NICHOLLS, PJ HABIG, WH YOULE, RJ TI THE ROLE OF PROLINE 345 IN DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN MEMBRANE TRANSLOCATION SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NINCDS,SURG NEUROL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,BACTERIAL TOXINS BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA PUBL OFFICE, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD SEP PY 1992 VL 3 SU S BP A126 EP A126 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA JR255 UT WOS:A1992JR25500726 ER PT J AU TAYLOR, LD DUHART, BH AF TAYLOR, LD DUHART, BH TI THE EFFECT OF ADRENAL CORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH) ON MOUSE LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-INVITRO SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA PUBL OFFICE, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD SEP PY 1992 VL 3 SU S BP A88 EP A88 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA JR255 UT WOS:A1992JR25500512 ER PT J AU YU, SY HERRENOSAENZ, D MILLER, DW KADLUBAR, FF FU, PP AF YU, SY HERRENOSAENZ, D MILLER, DW KADLUBAR, FF FU, PP TI MUTAGENICITY OF NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS WITH THE NITRO SUBSTITUENT SITUATED AT THE LONGEST MOLECULAR AXIS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; NITRO-PAHS ID DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGENICITY; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; BACTERIAL MUTAGENICITY; DNA ADDUCTS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; MICROSOMAL METABOLISM; GROUP ORIENTATION; LIVER MICROSOMES; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; IDENTIFICATION C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 41 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD SEP PY 1992 VL 283 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/0165-7992(92)90120-7 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JL410 UT WOS:A1992JL41000007 PM 1380662 ER PT J AU SHEU, CW LEE, JK ARRAS, CA JONES, RL LAVAPPA, KS AF SHEU, CW LEE, JK ARRAS, CA JONES, RL LAVAPPA, KS TI DETECTION OF VINCRISTINE-INDUCED HYPERPLOIDY IN MEIOTIC-II METAPHASES OF MALE CHINESE-HAMSTERS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ANEUPLOIDY; GERM CELLS; VINCRISTINE; CHINESE HAMSTER; MEIOTIC-II METAPHASE ID ANEUPLOIDY; NONDISJUNCTION; SPERMATOCYTES; INDUCTION; CELLS AB Induction of hyperploidy in germ cells of male Chinese hamsters treated with vincristine at dose levels of 0.25, 0.50 or 0.75 mg/kg of body weight was investigated. Animals were killed at 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after administration of the chemical by a single intraperitoneal injection. The testes were removed and processed for spermatogonial, meiotic I, and meiotic II metaphases. Significantly increased frequencies of hyperploidy were obtained in meiotic II cells harvested 6, 24 and 48 h but not 72 and 96 h after treatment, indicating the importance of multiple sampling times. Analysis of spermatogonial cells shows that the frequencies of hyperploidy in the treated samples were comparable to those of controls. Limited sampling times used in the present study as well as small sample size or possible loss of hyperploid cells may be responsible for the negative findings for spermatogonial cells. Examination of meiotic I cells from 53 animals reveals the presence of one animal with an elevated level of hyperploidy unrelated to the vincristine treatment. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SHEU, CW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,GENET TOXICOL BRANCH HFF-166,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD SEP PY 1992 VL 280 IS 3 BP 181 EP 186 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(92)90047-4 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JK592 UT WOS:A1992JK59200005 PM 1381481 ER PT J AU CHUNG, KT CERNIGLIA, CE AF CHUNG, KT CERNIGLIA, CE TI MUTAGENICITY OF AZO DYES - STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY-RELATIONSHIPS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE AZO DYES; MUTAGENICITY; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS; AZO REDUCTION; AZOREDUCTASES; PARA-PHENYLENEDIAMINE; BENZIDINE MOIETIES ID SALMONELLA MICROSOME ASSAY; DIRECT BLACK 38; REDUCTION PRODUCTS; 4-DIMETHYLAMINOAZOBENZENE DAB; INTESTINAL ANAEROBES; TEST SYSTEM; TYPHIMURIUM; FOOD; ACTIVATION; CARCINOGENS AB Azo dyes are extensively used in textile, printing, leather, paper making, drug and food industries. Following oral exposure, azo dyes are metabolized to aromatic amines by intestinal microflora or liver azoreductases. Aromatic amines are further metabolized to genotoxic compounds by mammalian microsomal enzymes. Many of these aromatic amines are mutagenic in the Ames Salmonella/microsomal assay system. The chemical structure of many mutagenic azo dyes was reviewed, and we found that the biologically active dyes are mainly limited to those compounds containing p-phenylenediamine and benzidine moieties. It was found that for the phenylenediamine moiety, methylation or substitution of a nitro group for an amino group does not decrease mutagenicity. However, sulfonation, carboxylation, deamination, or substitution of an ethyl alcohol or an acetyl group for the hydrogen in the amino groups leads to a decrease in the mutagenic activity. For the benzidine moiety, methylation, methoxylation, halogenation or substitution of an acetyl group for hydrogen in the amino group does not affect mutagenicity, but complexation with copper ions diminishes mutagenicity. The mutagenicity of benzidine or its derivatives is also decreased when in the form of a hydrochloride salt with only one exception. Mutagenicity of azo dyes can, therefore, be predicted by these structure-activity relationships. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP CHUNG, KT (reprint author), MEMPHIS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MEMPHIS,TN 38152, USA. NR 68 TC 254 Z9 264 U1 6 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD SEP PY 1992 VL 277 IS 3 BP 201 EP 220 DI 10.1016/0165-1110(92)90044-A PG 20 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JN077 UT WOS:A1992JN07700003 PM 1381050 ER PT J AU ALI, SF LEBEL, CP BONDY, SC AF ALI, SF LEBEL, CP BONDY, SC TI REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES FORMATION AS A BIOMARKER OF METHYLMERCURY AND TRIMETHYLTIN NEUROTOXICITY SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DICHLOROFLUORESCEIN; METHYLMERCURY; TRIMETHYLTIN; NEUROTOXICITY ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; OXIDATIVE PRODUCT FORMATION; METHYL MERCURY INHIBITION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; RADICAL FORMATION; DIFFERENT REGIONS; AMINO-ACIDS; RAT-BRAIN; QUANTITATION AB Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals are believed to be initiators of peroxidative cell damage. This paper focused on the use of 2',7'-dichiorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) to quantitate cerebral ROS as an index for neurotoxicity. This technique employs an assay of dichlorofluorescein (DCF), the fluorescent product of dichlorofluorescin (DCFH). Data from studies using various free radical generating systems, several iron chelators and hydroxyl radical scavengers suggest that DCFH oxidation may result in several reactive intermediates. In a biological system (synaptosomes isolated from untreated rats) DCF fluorescence was stimulated by ascorbate or FeSO4, while deferoxamine inhibited the ascorbate/FeSO4-induced stimulation of DCF formation. Two organometals, methylmercury (MeHg) and trimethyltin (TMT), known to produce neurotoxicity were tested In vitro exposure to MeHg (10 - 20 muM) increased the rate of formation of ROS while TMT (5 - 40 muM) had no effect. In vivo, 48 hr and 1 week after a single injection of MeHg (1 mg/kg, i.p.) in mice and 1 week after a single injection of MeHg (5 mg/kg, i.p.) in rats, the rate of formation of ROS in both rat and mouse cerebellum was significantly increased Pretreatment with deferoxamine, a potent iron-chelator, prevented MeHg-induced increase of ROS. In hippocampus and frontal cortex, ROS formation rates were also elevated 48 hr after TMT injection (3 mg/kg, i.p.) in mice. These results demonstrate that DCF fluorescence provides a good measure of overall ROS formation in synaptosomes of both in vitro as well as in vivo systems. Since ROS formation was selectively increased in areas known to be specifically vulnerable to organometals (cerebellum in the case of MeHg and hippocampus in the case of TMT), these studies further support that oxidative damage may be the primary mechanism underlying the neurotoxicity induced by these organometals. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT COMMUNITY & ENVIRONM MED,IRVINE,CA 92712. ALKERMES INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 01239. RP ALI, SF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NCTR DR,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES04071, ES07157] NR 41 TC 232 Z9 238 U1 2 U2 12 PU INTOX PRESS INC PI LITTLE ROCK PA PO BOX 24865, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72221 SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD FAL PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 637 EP 648 PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JZ279 UT WOS:A1992JZ27900011 PM 1475065 ER PT J AU PIPER, JM RAY, WA ROSA, FW AF PIPER, JM RAY, WA ROSA, FW TI PREGNANCY OUTCOME FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITORS SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEONATAL RENAL-FAILURE; CAPTOPRIL; FETAL; RABBIT AB Objective: Case reports of suspected adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, particularly oligohydramnios, prolonged neonatal anuria, and defects of ossification of the skull dome, prompted us to examine pregnancy outcome in a large cohort of pregnant women for whom complete drug exposure information was known. Methods: We studied the prescribed drug exposure histories and pregnancy outcomes of all women aged 15-44 years enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid who delivered a live-born or stillborn infant between January 1, 1983 and December 31, 1988. Results: Of the 106,813 women enrolled in Tennessee Medicaid who delivered either a live-born or stillborn infant during the study period, 19 were exposed to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor during pregnancy. All 19 women delivered live infants. Among the 19 newborns, one preterm infant had prolonged anuria necessitating dialysis and a second preterm infant had microcephaly and a large occipital encephalocele. Conclusions: These outcomes represent a systematic follow-up of all angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-exposed pregnancies. Despite the small number of exposures, there were two outcomes previously linked to prenatal use of these drugs, suggesting that the absolute risk may be high. In light of these findings and the case reports of others, it is prudent to avoid the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in pregnancy. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP PIPER, JM (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PREVENT MED,N A-1112,NASHVILLE,TN 37232, USA. FU FDA HHS [FD-U-000073-07] NR 14 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 80 IS 3 BP 429 EP 432 PN 1 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA JJ702 UT WOS:A1992JJ70200023 PM 1495700 ER PT J AU KLEINMAN, RE BAKER, SS BELL, EF HATCH, TF KLISH, WJ LEIBEL, RL UDALL, JN BENSON, JD LIEN, E THEUER, RC CHENEY, M CHOPRA, J DANIELS, PN HARRIS, SS HUBBARD, VS LEVIN, E PRENDERGAST, A STEMARIE, M SMITH, AE YIP, R LAUER, RM AF KLEINMAN, RE BAKER, SS BELL, EF HATCH, TF KLISH, WJ LEIBEL, RL UDALL, JN BENSON, JD LIEN, E THEUER, RC CHENEY, M CHOPRA, J DANIELS, PN HARRIS, SS HUBBARD, VS LEVIN, E PRENDERGAST, A STEMARIE, M SMITH, AE YIP, R LAUER, RM TI STATEMENT ON CHOLESTEROL SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID BOGALUSA HEART; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; CHILDHOOD; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; LIPOPROTEIN; CHILDREN; DIETARY; HISTORY C1 BUR NUTR SCI,OTTAWA,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. INT LIFE SCI INST,WASHINGTON,DC. NATL INST DIABETES DIGEST & KIDNEY DIS,BETHESDA,MD. NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. CANADIAN PAEDIAT SOC,OTTAWA,ONTARIO,CANADA. AMER DIETET ASSOC,CHICAGO,IL. NR 32 TC 86 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1992 VL 90 IS 3 BP 469 EP 473 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA JM412 UT WOS:A1992JM41200030 ER PT J AU HUMPHREYS, WG KADLUBAR, FF GUENGERICH, FP AF HUMPHREYS, WG KADLUBAR, FF GUENGERICH, FP TI MECHANISM OF C8 ALKYLATION OF GUANINE RESIDUES BY ACTIVATED ARYLAMINES - EVIDENCE FOR INITIAL ADDUCT FORMATION AT THE N7 POSITION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE AROMATIC AMINES; DNA ADDUCTS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS ID DNA; 1-OXIDE AB Aromatic amines are bioactivated to electrophilic compounds that react with DNA, predominantly at the C-8 position of guanine bases. This site is weakly nucleophilic and it has been proposed that the C-8 adduct is the final product after initial N-7-adduct formation. To consider this possibility, we reacted several C-8-substituted guanine derivatives with N-acetoxy-2-aminofluorene, prepared in situ from 2-acetylsalicylic acid and N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene. With C-8,N-9-dimethylguanine, an adduct was isolated in good yield that was consistent, by NMR and mass spectral characterization, with a structure involving carcinogen substitution at the N-7 position of guanine and linked through the 2-aminofluorenyl nitrogen-N-(C-8,N-9-dimethylguanin-N-7-yl)-2-aminofluorene. This adduct could be easily reduced with NaBH4, consistent with the proposed N-7-adduct structure. The same reaction was also carried out with C-8-methylguanosine and C-8-methyldeoxyguanosine and similar adducts were isolated. In contrast, C-8-bromoguanosine reacted with N-acetoxy-2-aminofluorene to yield the C-8-substituted arylamine adduct N-(guanosin-C-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene directly. These products are uniquely consistent with a scheme in which C-8-adduct formation is preceded by an initial electrophilic substitution on the N-7 atom, which is postulated to be a general reaction for activated arylamines and heterocyclic amines. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA44353]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES00267, ES05473] NR 24 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 17 BP 8278 EP 8282 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.17.8278 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JL614 UT WOS:A1992JL61400090 PM 1518858 ER PT J AU FUKUDA, Y HERMAN, EH FERRANS, VJ AF FUKUDA, Y HERMAN, EH FERRANS, VJ TI EFFECT OF ICRF-187 ON THE PULMONARY DAMAGE INDUCED BY HYPEROXIA IN THE RAT SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HISTOPATHOLOGY; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; OXYGEN FREE RADICALS; IRON CHELATION ID CHRONIC DAUNORUBICIN CARDIOTOXICITY; CHRONIC DOXORUBICIN CARDIOTOXICITY; OXYGEN RADICAL PRODUCTION; LUNG INJURY; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; TOXICITY; PROTECTION; (+)-1,2-BIS(3,5-DIOXOPIPERAZINYL-1-YL)PROPANE; ADRIAMYCIN AB Histological and ultrastructural studies were made of the lungs of rats that were exposed to 100% oxygen for 60 h and were treated with either normal saline or with ICRF-187, a bis-diketopiperazine derivative of EDTA that has the capacity to chelate iron. This metal is thought to be needed to catalyze the formation of toxic oxygen free radicals. ICRF- 1 87 (20 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally at approximately 12 h intervals (5 doses) during the 60 h exposure. Seven of the ten saline-treated rats exposed to oxygen died prior to the end of the study whereas only one of the 10 rats in the ICRF-187-treated group died. This difference in mortality is found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). All saline-treated rats showed light and electron microscopic evidence of pulmonary damage. ICRF-187 attenuated the morphologic alterations observed by light microscopy (intra-alveolar edema, inflammatory exudates and bronchiolar epithelial cell swelling and hyperplasia; P < 0.05). In addition, electron microscopic evaluation revealed that capillary thrombi, endothelial cell alterations and alveolar epithelial cell damage also were less severe in ICRF-187-treated rats. It is concluded that ICRF-187 may provide a new and useful approach for the prevention of hyperoxia-induced pulmonary damage. C1 NHLBI,PATHOL BRANCH,ULTRASTRUCT SECT,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 10,ROOM 7N236,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV DRUG RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NIPPON MED COLL,DEPT PATHOL,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD SEP PY 1992 VL 74 IS 2-3 BP 185 EP 202 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(92)90138-5 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JL955 UT WOS:A1992JL95500007 PM 1519241 ER PT J AU MANOHAR, V HOFFMAN, T AF MANOHAR, V HOFFMAN, T TI MONOCLONAL AND ENGINEERED ANTIBODIES FOR HUMAN PARENTERAL CLINICAL USE - REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELLS; REPERTOIRE RP MANOHAR, V (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 1992 VL 10 IS 9 BP 305 EP 309 DI 10.1016/0167-7799(92)90255-T PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA JQ024 UT WOS:A1992JQ02400005 PM 1369087 ER PT J AU NAKAGAWA, Y PETRICOIN, EF AKAI, H GRIMLEY, PM RUPP, B LARNER, AC AF NAKAGAWA, Y PETRICOIN, EF AKAI, H GRIMLEY, PM RUPP, B LARNER, AC TI INTERFERON-ALPHA-INDUCED GENE-EXPRESSION - EVIDENCE FOR A SELECTIVE EFFECT OF OUABAIN ON ACTIVATION OF THE ISGF3 TRANSCRIPTION COMPLEX SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; GUANYLATE-BINDING PROTEIN; GAMMA-INTERFERON; INDUCIBLE GENE; BETA-INTERFERON; NA+-K+; STIMULATED TRANSCRIPTION; METALLOTHIONEIN GENES; E1A ONCOGENE C1 NIH,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,CYTOKINE RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 74 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP PY 1992 VL 190 IS 1 BP 210 EP 220 DI 10.1016/0042-6822(92)91207-B PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA JL549 UT WOS:A1992JL54900022 PM 1529530 ER PT J AU BELAND, FA SMITH, BA THORNTONMANNING, JR HEFLICH, RH AF BELAND, FA SMITH, BA THORNTONMANNING, JR HEFLICH, RH TI METABOLIC-ACTIVATION OF 1-NITROPYRENE TO A MAMMALIAN-CELL MUTAGEN AND A CARCINOGEN SO XENOBIOTICA LA English DT Article ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; DNA ADDUCT FORMATION; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; P-32-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; MICROSOMAL METABOLITES; ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN; BALB/C MICE AB 1. The mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene metabolites in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, in the absence of rat liver S9, decreased in the order 6-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene > 1-nitropyrene 9,10-oxide > 1-nitropyrene 4,5-oxide approximately 3-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene approximately 8-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene > 1-nitropyrene. The order of mutagenicity with rat liver S9 was 1-nitropyrene 4,5-oxide approximately 6-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene approximately 1-nitropyrene 9, 10-oxide > 3-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene approximately 1-nitropyrene > 8-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene. 2. 1-Nitropyrene 4,5-oxide reacted with calf thymus DNA to give one or several closely related adducts. The same adducts were detected in CHO cells incubated with 1-nitropyrene 4,5-oxide. Inclusion of a nitroreductase, xanthine oxidase, in the incubations with calf thymus DNA resulted in the formation of an additional adduct identified as N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-aminopyrene (dG-C8-AP). 3. 1-Nitropyrene 9,10-oxide reacted with calf thymus DNA to give an adduct pattern similar to that observed with 1-nitropyrene 4,5-oxide. Incubation of 1-nitropyrene 9,10-oxide with CHO cells resulted in the formation of the same adducts along with dG-C8-AP. 4. dG-C8-AP and N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-amino-x-nitropyrene (x = 3,6 or 8; dG-C8-ANP) were detected in injection site DNA from Sprague-Dawley rats treated with 1-nitropyrene. In mammary gland DNA, dG-C8-AP and an unidentified adduct were found. dG-C8-ANP was the only DNA adduct detected in the livers of newborn CD-1 mice and the lungs of A/J mice dosed with 1-nitropyrene. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP BELAND, FA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,HFT-110,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0049-8254 J9 XENOBIOTICA JI Xenobiotica PD SEP-OCT PY 1992 VL 22 IS 9-10 BP 1121 EP 1133 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JR412 UT WOS:A1992JR41200009 PM 1441603 ER PT J AU FRENCH, G PAVLICK, A FELSEN, A GROSS, P BROOK, J PAUL, S GENESE, C AF FRENCH, G PAVLICK, A FELSEN, A GROSS, P BROOK, J PAUL, S GENESE, C TI OUTBREAK OF TYPE-E BOTULISM ASSOCIATED WITH AN UNEVISCERATED, SALT-CURED FISH PRODUCT - NEW-JERSEY, 1992 (REPRINTED FROM MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT, VOL 41, PG 521-522, 1992) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID INTERNATIONAL OUTBREAK C1 NEW JERSEY DEPT HLTH,DIV EMERGENCY & EPIDEMIOL OPERAT,NEWARK,NJ. US FDA,OFF REG OPERAT,NEWARK DIST OFF,NEWARK,NJ. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,ENTER DIS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP FRENCH, G (reprint author), HACKENSACK MED CTR,HACKENSACK,NJ, USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 26 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 8 BP 963 EP 963 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JK129 UT WOS:A1992JK12900007 ER PT J AU WEISZ, K SHAFER, RH EGAN, W JAMES, TL AF WEISZ, K SHAFER, RH EGAN, W JAMES, TL TI THE OCTAMER MOTIF IN IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENES - EXTRACTION OF STRUCTURAL CONSTRAINTS FROM 2-DIMENSIONAL NMR-STUDIES SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TWO-DIMENSIONAL NMR; RELAXATION MATRIX APPROACH; OVERHAUSER EFFECT SPECTRA; CELL TYPE-SPECIFICITY; MODEL-FREE APPROACH; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; H-1-NMR SPECTRA; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS AB Phase-sensitive two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement (2D NOE) and double-quantum-filtered correlated (2QF-COSY) spectra were recorded at 500 MHz for the DNA duplex d(CATTTGCATC).d(GATGCAAATG), which contains the octamer element of immunoglobulin genes. Exchangeable and nonexchangeable proton resonances including those of the H5' and H5" protons were assigned. Overall, the decamer duplex adopts a B-type DNA conformation. Scalar coupling constants for the sugar protons were determined by quantitative simulations of 2QF-COSY cross-peaks. These couplings are consistent with a two-state dynamic equilibrium between a minor N- and a major S-type conformer for all residues. The pseudorotation phase angle P of the major conformer is in the range 117-135-degrees for nonterminal pyrimidine nucleotides and 153-162-degrees for nonterminal purine nucleotides. Except for the terminal residues, the minor conformer comprises less than 25% of the population. Distance constraints obtained by a complete relaxation matrix analysis of the 2D NOE intensities with the MARDIGRAS algorithm confirm the dependence of the sugar pucker on pyrimidine and purine bases. Averaging by fast local motions has at most small effects on the NOE-derived interproton distances. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT RADIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA27343]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM39247] NR 53 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD AUG 25 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 33 BP 7477 EP 7487 DI 10.1021/bi00148a007 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JK533 UT WOS:A1992JK53300007 PM 1510934 ER PT J AU HAVERY, DC CHOU, HJ AF HAVERY, DC CHOU, HJ TI N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS IN SUNSCREENS AND COSMETIC PRODUCTS - OCCURRENCE, FORMATION AND TRENDS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 1 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200001 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, BW AF WILLIAMS, BW TI FDA USES SCIENCE TO DO MORE THAN MIX CHEMICALS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF COMPLIANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 4 EP CHAL PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200746 ER PT J AU CEBULA, TA AF CEBULA, TA TI ANALYSIS OF SPONTANEOUS AND CHEMICALLY-INDUCED MUTATIONS IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 5 EP ENVR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31201287 ER PT J AU LIN, LJ AF LIN, LJ TI REGULATORY STATUS OF MAILLARD REACTION FLAVORS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 15 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200015 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR CARSON, KL AF SHANK, FR CARSON, KL TI REGULATION AND CHEMISTRY-BASED PUBLIC-HEALTH ISSUES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 18 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200018 ER PT J AU MACHUGA, EJ AF MACHUGA, EJ TI A THRESHOLD-OF-REGULATION POLICY FOR FOOD-CONTACT ARTICLES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV FOOD & COLOR ADDIT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 19 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200019 ER PT J AU ZIYAD, J AF ZIYAD, J TI ADVERSE REACTION TO FOOD INGREDIENTS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV FOOD & COLOR ADDIT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 20 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200020 ER PT J AU THORSHEIM, HR ARMSTRONG, DJ AF THORSHEIM, HR ARMSTRONG, DJ TI FDA POLICY AND RESEARCH ON THE USE OF RECYCLED PLASTICS FOR FOOD-PACKAGING SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT,IL 60501. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 21 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200021 ER PT J AU MCMAHON, BM AF MCMAHON, BM TI PESTICIDE ANALYTICAL METHODS RESEARCH AT FDA SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 42 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200277 ER PT J AU ETZ, NM MAY, JC AF ETZ, NM MAY, JC TI ESTIMATE OF PROTEIN-CONTENT IN CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 43 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200444 ER PT J AU BOLGER, PM AF BOLGER, PM TI METHYLMERCURY - HAZARD AND RISK SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 46 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200046 ER PT J AU KASHTOCK, ME AF KASHTOCK, ME TI FDA REGULATION OF LEAD IN FOOD SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 47 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200047 ER PT J AU STACK, ME FERNANDEZ, C AF STACK, ME FERNANDEZ, C TI OCCURRENCE OF FUMONISIN-B1 AND FUMONISIN-B2 IN CORN-BASED FOOD SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 51 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200051 ER PT J AU TRUCKSESS, MW URANO, T PAGE, SW AF TRUCKSESS, MW URANO, T PAGE, SW TI AN AUTOMATED LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SYSTEM FOR ONLINE PURIFICATION, ISOLATION, SEPARATION, AND QUANTITATION OF AFLATOXINS IN CORN OR PEANUTS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 53 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200053 ER PT J AU JONES, JW AF JONES, JW TI RECENT ADVANCES IN THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATIONS PESTICIDE MONITORING PROGRAM SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 70 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200305 ER PT J AU GAYLOR, D AF GAYLOR, D TI STATISTICAL ISSUES FOR DEVELOPMENT TOXICITY DATA SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 75 EP ENVR PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31201357 ER PT J AU YANG, GC YASAEI, PM PAGE, SW AF YANG, GC YASAEI, PM PAGE, SW TI MEASUREMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY USING HPLC-CHEMILUMINESCENCE AND ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE SPECTROMETRY SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 87 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200087 ER PT J AU VINCENT, PG AF VINCENT, PG TI ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT - UNITED-STATES REQUIREMENTS IN NEW DRUG APPLICATIONS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,OFF DRUG EVALUAT 1,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 102 EP IEC PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31201827 ER PT J AU HALEY, CJ MATHESON, JC ERIKSON, CE AF HALEY, CJ MATHESON, JC ERIKSON, CE TI FDA REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF ANIMAL HEALTH PRODUCTS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CVM,ENVIRONM SCI STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 103 EP IEC PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31201828 ER PT J AU PASTOR, RW AF PASTOR, RW TI STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS IN A MEAN FIELD SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 117 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ313 UT WOS:A1992JJ31300786 ER PT J AU BETZ, JM FOX, WD AF BETZ, JM FOX, WD TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSINOLATES IN BRASSICA VEGETABLES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 23 PY 1992 VL 204 BP 167 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JJ312 UT WOS:A1992JJ31200167 ER PT J AU WEISZ, A SCHER, AL ANDRZEJEWSKI, D SHIBUSAWA, Y ITO, Y AF WEISZ, A SCHER, AL ANDRZEJEWSKI, D SHIBUSAWA, Y ITO, Y TI COMPLEMENTARY USE OF COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY AND PREPARATIVE REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THE SEPARATION OF A SYNTHETIC MIXTURE OF BROMINATED TETRACHLOROFLUORESCEINS SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID COIL PLANET CENTRIFUGE; PURIFICATION AB A synthetically prepared mixture of brominated 4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluoresceins was separated by a combination of preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and high-speed counter-current chromatography. Two new lower-brominated subsidiary colors of D&C Red Nos. 27 and 28 (phloxine B), 4',5'-dibromo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein and 2',4',5'-tribromo-4,5,6,7-tetrachlorofluorescein, were isolated and characterized by H-1 NMR and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP WEISZ, A (reprint author), US FDA,DIV COLORS & COSMET,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFF-445,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD AUG 21 PY 1992 VL 607 IS 1 BP 47 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(92)87053-B PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JL066 UT WOS:A1992JL06600007 PM 1332984 ER PT J AU GABRIELSEN, B PHELAN, MJ BARTHELROSA, L SEE, C HUGGINS, JW KEFAUVER, DF MONATH, TP USSERY, MA CHMURNY, GN SCHUBERT, EM UPADHYA, K KWONG, C CARTER, DA SECRIST, JA KIRSI, JJ SHANNON, WM SIDWELL, RW KINI, GD ROBINS, RK AF GABRIELSEN, B PHELAN, MJ BARTHELROSA, L SEE, C HUGGINS, JW KEFAUVER, DF MONATH, TP USSERY, MA CHMURNY, GN SCHUBERT, EM UPADHYA, K KWONG, C CARTER, DA SECRIST, JA KIRSI, JJ SHANNON, WM SIDWELL, RW KINI, GD ROBINS, RK TI SYNTHESIS AND ANTIVIRAL EVALUATION OF N-CARBOXAMIDINE-SUBSTITUTED ANALOGS OF 1-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE-3-CARBOXAMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PARAINFLUENZA TYPE-3 VIRUSES; TISSUE-CULTURE; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; COTTON RATS; RIBAVIRIN; DERIVATIVES; SELENAZOFURIN; NUCLEOSIDES; TIAZOFURIN; TOXICITY AB Ten, hitherto unreported, analogues of 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamidine hydrochloride (2a, ribamidine) and methyl carboximidate 5 have been synthesized. These include the N-cyano (2b), N-alkyl (2c-e), N-amino acid (2f-h), NN'-disubstituted (6, 7a,b), and the N-methylated carboxamide (1f) analogues of ribavirin. In addition, a new facile synthesis of carboxamidine 2a was also developed. All compounds were evaluated for biological activity against the following RNA viruses: Punta Toro (PT) and sandfly fever (SF) viruses (bunyaviruses); Japanese encephalitis (JE), yellow fever (YF), and dengue-4 viruses (flaviviruses); parainfluenza type 3 (PIV3), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and measles viruses (paramyxoviruses); influenza A and influenza B viruses (orthomyxoviruses); Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (VEE, alphavirus); human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1, lentivirus); the DNA-containing vaccinia (VV) virus (poxvirus); and adeno type 5 (Ad5) viruses. All of the compounds except for 2b and 7a,b exhibited activity against the bunyaviruses such as that observed with 2a; however, higher IC50 values were generally observed. Glycine analogue 2f showed activity in PT-virus-infected mice in terms of increased survivors and decreased markers of viral pathogenicity. Carboxamidine 2a, carboximidate 5, and dimethyl amidine 6 exhibited activity against dengue type-4 virus. Monomethyl amidine 2c demonstrated activity against RSV, PIV3, and, to a lesser extent, influenza A and B. Activity of 2c generally required higher IC50 values than unsubstituted 2a. The latter exhibited hitherto unreported activity against RSV; therapeutic indices for 2a against RSV and PIV3 were >64 and >21. No substantial in vitro activity was observed for any of the compounds tested against Ad5, measles, JE, YF, VEE, or HIV-1. In addition, evidence is presented which argues in favor of a distinct antiviral mechanism of action for carboxamidines, e.g. 6, in contrast to a role as a carboxamide precursor. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FREDERICK,MD 21701. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. UNIV NEVADA,DEPT CHEM,RENO,NV 89557. PHARM ECO LABS INC,SIMI VALLEY,CA 93065. SO RES INST,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35255. UTAH STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM DAIRY & VET SCI,LOGAN,UT 84322. BAXTER DIAGNOST INC,DIV MICROSCAN,SACRAMENTO,CA 95691. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP GABRIELSEN, B (reprint author), NCL,FREDERICK CANC RES FACIL,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,PROGRAM RESOURCES INC,POB B,BLDG 427,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102] NR 32 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 10 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD AUG 21 PY 1992 VL 35 IS 17 BP 3231 EP 3238 DI 10.1021/jm00095a020 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JK324 UT WOS:A1992JK32400020 PM 1507208 ER PT J AU FENTON, MJ BURAS, JA DONNELLY, RP AF FENTON, MJ BURAS, JA DONNELLY, RP TI IL-4 RECIPROCALLY REGULATES IL-1 AND IL-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CULTURED HUMAN-MONOCYTES; GENE-EXPRESSION; IL-1-BETA PRODUCTION; HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-1; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; INTERFERON; INHIBITOR; MEDIATORS; ADHERENCE; GAMMA AB Activation of human monocytes with LPS induces coordinate expression of a number of cytokine genes, including IL-1-alpha, IL-1-beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8. The T cell-derived lymphokine, IL-4, inhibits expression of these genes in monocytes, suggesting that it may be an important physiologic regulator of cytokine production. We have previously shown that IL-4 reduces steady state messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for IL-1-beta in human monocytes by decreasing both IL-10 transcription and the t1/2 of newly formed IL-1-beta mRNA transcripts. In the present study, we extend these findings to show that IL-4 similarly accelerates the turnover of IL-6 mRNA in LPS-stimulated monocytes. However, this inhibition of cytokine expression and dramatic increase in the decay rate of cytokine mRNA does not extend to all LPS-inducible genes because IL-4 treatment did not inhibit the expression or accelerate the turnover of mRNA for the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) in the same cells. Although IL-1-beta and IL-1Ra are both LPS-inducible genes, they displayed distinct temporal patterns of expression. Peak steady state mRNA levels for IL-1ra lagged significantly behind that of IL-1-beta, suggesting a possible endogenous mechanism for limiting IL-1 biologic activity. Furthermore, although IL-4 suppressed expression of both IL-1-beta and IL-6, it up-regulated synthesis of IL-1ra mRNA and protein. Thus, IL-4 inhibits production of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1-beta, while concomitantly enhancing synthesis of the IL-1ra in activated human monocytes. C1 BOSTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02118. BOSTON UNIV,MED CTR,EVANS MEM DEPT CLIN RES,BOSTON,MA 02118. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 29088] NR 42 TC 128 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD AUG 15 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 4 BP 1283 EP 1288 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JJ092 UT WOS:A1992JJ09200026 PM 1386862 ER PT J AU TOYOKUNI, S SAGRIPANTI, JL AF TOYOKUNI, S SAGRIPANTI, JL TI IRON-MEDIATED DNA DAMAGE - SENSITIVE DETECTION OF DNA STRAND BREAKAGE CATALYZED BY IRON SO JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON IRON AND IRON PROTEINS CY JUL 27-31, 1991 CL KEBLE COLL, OXFORD UNIV, OXFORD, ENGLAND SP BLACKWELLS SCI PUBLICAT OXFORD, BLOOD RES FUND CARDIFF, BRIT SOC IMMUNOL, BRIT TECHNOL GRP, CIBA GEIGY, GLAXO, HAUSMANN, IMPERIAL CHEM IND, INORGAN BIOCHEM DISCUSS GRP, ROUSSEL HO KEBLE COLL, OXFORD UNIV ID HYDROXYL RADICAL PRODUCTION; RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA; FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HEMOCHROMATOSIS; NEPHROTOXICITY; TRANSFORMATION; INDUCTION; DISEASES AB Oxidative DNA damage is involved in mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, aging, radiation effects, and the action of several anticancer drugs. Accumulated evidence indicates that iron may play an important role in those processes. We studied the in vitro effect of low concentrations of Fe(II) alone or Fe(III) in the presence of reducing agents on supercoiled plasmid DNA. The assay, based on the relaxation and linearization of supercoiled DNA, is simple yet sensitive and quantitative. Iron mediated the production of single and double strand breaks in supercoiled DNA. Iron chelators, free radical scavengers, and enzymes of the oxygen reduction pathways modulated the DNA damage. Fe(III)-nitrilotriacetate (NTA) plus either H2O2, L-ascorbate, or L-cysteine produced single and double strand breaks as a function of reductant concentration. A combination of 0.1-mu-M Fe(III)-NTA and 100-mu-M L-ascorbate induced detectable DNA strand breaks after 30 min at 24-degrees-C. Whereas superoxide dismutase was inhibitory only in systems containing H2O2 as reductant, catalase inhibited DNA breakage in all the iron-mediated systems studied. The effect of scavengers and enzymes indicates that H2O2 and .OH are involved in the DNA damaging process. These reactions may account for the toxicity and carcinogenicity associated with iron overload. C1 US FDA,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12709 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Toyokuni, Shinya/C-1358-2010 OI Toyokuni, Shinya/0000-0002-5757-1109 NR 29 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0162-0134 J9 J INORG BIOCHEM JI J. Inorg. Biochem. PD AUG 15 PY 1992 VL 47 IS 3-4 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1016/0162-0134(92)84069-Y PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA JG962 UT WOS:A1992JG96200010 PM 1431883 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI WARNINGS ISSUED ON NONSEDATING ANTIHISTAMINES TERFENADINE AND ASTEMIZOLE SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 12 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 6 BP 705 EP 705 DI 10.1001/jama.268.6.705 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JG666 UT WOS:A1992JG66600004 PM 1322467 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI ZALCITABINE APPROVED FOR USE IN COMBINATION WITH ZIDOVUDINE FOR HIV-INFECTION SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 12 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 6 BP 705 EP 705 DI 10.1001/jama.268.6.705 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JG666 UT WOS:A1992JG66600005 PM 1322467 ER PT J AU STOLARSKI, R EGAN, W JAMES, TL AF STOLARSKI, R EGAN, W JAMES, TL TI SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF THE ECORI DNA OCTAMER CONTAINING 5-FLUOROURACIL VIA RESTRAINED MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS USING DISTANCE AND TORSION ANGLE CONSTRAINTS EXTRACTED FROM NMR SPECTRAL SIMULATIONS SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; OVERHAUSER EFFECT SPECTRA; RELAXATION MATRIX ANALYSIS; 2-DIMENSIONAL NOE SPECTROSCOPY; PEAK FINE-STRUCTURES; B-DNA; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; INTERPROTON DISTANCES; PROTON RESONANCES AB The self-complementary DNA octamer [d(GGAATU(F)CC)]2, containing the EcoRI recognition sequence with one of the thymines replaced by 5-fluorouracil (U(F)), was synthesized. Proton homonuclear two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect (2D NOE) and double-quantum-filtered correlation (2QF-COSY) spectra, as well as one-dimensional spectra at different temperatures, were recorded for the octamer. Consequently, all proton resonances were assigned. The thermally induced transition from the duplex to single strands has been followed, demonstrating the stability of the duplex containing 5-fluorouracil. Simulations of the 2QF-COSY cross-peaks by means of the programs SPHINX and LINSHA were compared with experimental data, establishing scalar coupling constants for the sugar ring protons and hence sugar pucker parameters. The deoxyribose rings exhibit a dynamic equilibrium of N- and S-type conformers with 75-95% populations of the latter. Two programs used for complete relaxation matrix analysis 2D NOE spectra, CORMA and MARDIGRAS, were modified to account for the influence of the fluorines on dipolar interactions in the proton system. Quantitative assessment of the 2D NOE cross-peak intensities for different mixing times, in conjunction with the program MARDIGRAS, gave a set of interproton distances for each mixing time. The largest and smallest values of each of the interproton distances were chosen as the upper and lower bounds for each distance constraint. The distance bounds define the size of a flat-well potential function term, incorporated into the AMBER force field, which was employed for restrained molecular dynamics calculations. Torsion angle constraints in the form of a flat-well potential were also constructed from the analysis of the sugar pucker data. Several restrained molecular dynamics runs of 35 ps were performed, utilizing 284 experimental distance and torsion angle constraints and two different starting structures, energy-minimized A- and B-DNA. Convergence to similar structures with a root-mean-square deviation of 1.2 angstrom was achieved for the central hexamer of the octamer, starting from A- and B-DNA. The average structure from six different molecular dynamics runs was subjected to final restrained energy minimization. The resulting final structure was in good agreement with the structures derived from different molecular dynamics runs and showed a substantial improvement of the 2D NOE sixth-root residual index in comparison with classical and energy-minimized B-DNA. A detailed analysis of the conformation of the final structure and comparison with structures of similar sequences, obtained by different methods, were performed. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,DEPT BIOPHYS,PL-02089 WARSAW,POLAND. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 27343]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR 01695]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 39247] NR 77 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD AUG 11 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 31 BP 7027 EP 7042 DI 10.1021/bi00146a003 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JH598 UT WOS:A1992JH59800003 PM 1643037 ER PT J AU BAMBAKIDISHELLMAN, K AF BAMBAKIDISHELLMAN, K TI BIOTECHNOLOGY REGULATORY POLICY FOR BIOMEDICAL PRODUCTS - THE UNITED-STATES PERSPECTIVE SO CURRENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB In the next century, biotechnology will exert a stronger influence than ever on the direction and level of product development in industries regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The agency's philosophy with regard to the regulation of biotechnology products is that the biotechnology methods used to develop such products are extensions of refinement of older techniques. The prevailing FDA policy has been that the agency's extensive experience in reviewing the products and processes of conventional methods is relevant and adequate for reviewing new biotechnology products and no additional regulatory requirements are needed. The regulatory review of all new products, therefore, is based on the intended use of each product on a case-by-case basis. Once a sponsor submits data to establish product safety and efficacy, the FDA evaluates the biotechnology product using procedures developed for review and approval of conventional products. For example, before industry can market new drugs or biologics for human use, FDA must first approve the appropriate new drug application and product licence application. New medical devices require a premarket approval application or a reclassification petition if they are not substantially equivalent to legally marketed devices. For any substantially equivalent new device, a premarket notification is sufficient. As a science-based regulatory agency, the FDA uses science as the basis for regulatory decision-making. It relies on and conducts applied and problem-solving research necessary to assess product safety, effectiveness and quality as well as to form the basis for science-based regulation and guidance for the regulated industrial community. Since biotechnology has led to products in the international marketplace, the regulatory approach adopted by the FDA for biotechnology products may be helpful in the development of certain common international regulatory policies and principles which will facilitate not only product commercialization worldwide but also the development of cooperative research and development programmes. RP BAMBAKIDISHELLMAN, K (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,BIOTECHNOL PROGRAM,5600 FISHER LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CURRENT SCIENCE ASSN PI BANGALORE PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, PO BOX 8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA SN 0011-3891 J9 CURR SCI INDIA JI Curr. Sci. PD AUG 10 PY 1992 VL 63 IS 3 BP 123 EP 126 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JJ400 UT WOS:A1992JJ40000005 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM AF KLINMAN, DM TI ANALYSIS OF LYMPHOCYTE-B CROSS-REACTIVITY AT THE SINGLE CELL LEVEL SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE B-CELL; CROSS-REACTIVITY; ELISPOT; POLYSPECIFIC; (CHAMBER); (ANTIGEN) ID MONOCLONAL AUTOANTIBODIES; MURINE AUTOANTIBODIES; MICE; ANTIBODIES; ANTIGENS; SPECIFICITIES AB A method is described for assaying whether individual in vivo activated B cells produce antibodies which cross-react with two distinct antigens. The technique utilizes a modification of the ELISA spot assay to determine the isotype and antigenic specificity(s) of these antibody secreting cells. To perform the assay, two plastic slides are coated with different antigens and secured together to form chambers capable of holding a monolayer of Ig secreting lymphocytes. The immunoglobulin secreted during culture binds to one or both sides of the antigen-coated chamber (depending upon the specificity and cross-reactivity of the antibody product). This technique was used to evaluate the cross-reactivity of hybridomas and freshly isolated IgM and IgG secreting B cells. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BLDG 29A RM 3 D 10,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD AUG 10 PY 1992 VL 152 IS 2 BP 217 EP 225 DI 10.1016/0022-1759(92)90143-H PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA JJ204 UT WOS:A1992JJ20400008 PM 1380048 ER PT J AU FENG, ZX GOLLAMUDI, R DILLINGHAM, EO BOND, SE LYMAN, BA PURCELL, WP HILL, RJ KORFMACHER, WA AF FENG, ZX GOLLAMUDI, R DILLINGHAM, EO BOND, SE LYMAN, BA PURCELL, WP HILL, RJ KORFMACHER, WA TI MOLECULAR DETERMINANTS OF THE PLATELET-AGGREGATION INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF CARBAMOYLPIPERIDINES SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-BLOOD PLATELETS; ANTIPLATELET AGENT; INVITRO; ALPHA,ALPHA'-BIS<3-(N,N-DIETHYLCARBAMOYL)PIPERIDINO>-P-XYLENE; THROMBOSIS; ACTIVATION; COLLAGEN; TOXICITY; ENTITIES; CALCIUM AB A series of alpha,alpha'-bis[3-(NN-dialkylcarbamoyl)piperidino]-p-xylenes were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory activity on ADP-induced aggregation of human platelets. A parabolic curve was obtained when log 1/C (activity) was plotted against log P (octanol/water partition coefficient). Using this as a model, a new analogue, alpha,alpha'-bis-[3-(N-methyl-N-butylearbamoyl)piperidino]-p-xylene (3g), was synthesized with a predicted IC50 of 25-mu-M. When this compound was subsequently evaluated, the IC50 was 22.1 +/- 5.5-mu-M, demonstrating the applicability of this model. The amide oxygen of the carbamoyl substituent appeared necessary for activity. Thus, for example, when the amide carbonyl group of 3a (IC50 = 44.5-mu-M) was reduced to CH2, the resulting compound 4 had a dramatically reduced activity, IC50 = 1565-mu-M. Compound 3a was resolved into (+) and (-) enantiomers and a meso (0) diastereomer using fractional crystallization, diastereomeric tartrate formation, and chiral HPLC. Compared to (-)-3a, the (+) isomer was 15 times more potent when ADP was the agonist and 19 times more active when collagen was used as the agonist. Molecular modeling of RR- and SS-3a using the SYBYL program was used to examine their interactions with phosphatidylinositol (PI). There was a better fit between PI and the RR-3a with the energy of interaction being 17.6 kcal/mol less than that of the S,S-3a/PI complex. Although the absolute stereochemistry of individual enantiomers is not known, this study shows that RR-3a interacts more favorably with PI than does S,S-3a and that (+)-3a is a more potent inhibitor of human platelet aggregation than (-)-3a. It is postulated that because of their lipophilicity, these compounds penetrate the platelet membrane and are then protonated at the pH of the cytosol. The protonated N then neutralizes the anionic charge on the membrane phosphoinositides, thereby rendering them less susceptible to hydrolysis by phospholipase C. Thus, the determinant parameters for optimum antiplatelet activity in 3-carbamoylpiperidines are (1) the amide carbonyl, (2) appropriate stereochemistry of the 3-substituent and (3) a log P value of about 4.5. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE CTR HLTH SCI,COLL PHARM,DEPT MED CHEM,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. UNIV TENNESSEE CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT CLIN LAB SCI,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. UNIV TENNESSEE CTR HLTH SCI,CTR MOLEC RESOURCE,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,MASS SPECTROMETRY LAB,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-22236] NR 38 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD AUG 7 PY 1992 VL 35 IS 16 BP 2952 EP 2958 DI 10.1021/jm00094a004 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JH469 UT WOS:A1992JH46900004 PM 1501222 ER PT J AU DAVID, M LARNER, AC AF DAVID, M LARNER, AC TI ACTIVATION OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS BY INTERFERON-ALPHA IN A CELL-FREE SYSTEM SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ISGF3; INDUCTION; GENES AB The signal transduction mechanisms of interferons (IFNs) remain unclear partly because no effect of IFN has been reproducible in a cell-free system. IFN-alpha rapidly induces the transcription of a set of early response genes, and a multicomponent transcriptional activator, interferon stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3), is activated within minutes after binding of IFN-alpha to its receptor. A system was developed in which IFN-alpha activated ISGF3 in homogenates of HeLa cells. Subcellular fractionation revealed that incubation of a plasma membrane-enriched fraction with IFN-alpha was sufficient to activate the regulatory subcomponent of ISGF3. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 13 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 7 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5071 BP 813 EP 815 DI 10.1126/science.1496402 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JG851 UT WOS:A1992JG85100040 PM 1496402 ER PT J AU WYKOFF, RF JONES, JL AF WYKOFF, RF JONES, JL TI PARTNER NOTIFICATION IN CASES OF HIV-INFECTION SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS C1 S CAROLINA DEPT HLTH & ENVIRONM CONTROL,COLUMBIA,SC 29211. RP WYKOFF, RF (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD AUG 6 PY 1992 VL 327 IS 6 BP 436 EP 436 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JG356 UT WOS:A1992JG35600030 PM 1625729 ER PT J AU GERSTMAN, BB KIRKMAN, R PLATT, R AF GERSTMAN, BB KIRKMAN, R PLATT, R TI INTESTINAL NECROSIS ASSOCIATED WITH POSTOPERATIVE ORALLY-ADMINISTERED SODIUM POLYSTYRENE SULFONATE IN SORBITOL SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE SODIUM POLYSTYRENE SODIUM; ADVERSE EFFECTS; INTESTINAL DISEASE INJURY; PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY ID RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; KAYEXALATE; DISEASE; ENEMAS C1 US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,DEPT SURG,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CHANNING LAB,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP GERSTMAN, BB (reprint author), SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT HLTH SCI,SAN JOSE,CA 95192, USA. FU FDA HHS [FD-U-000315] NR 11 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 20 IS 2 BP 159 EP 161 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JH862 UT WOS:A1992JH86200007 PM 1496969 ER PT J AU MARYANSKI, JH AF MARYANSKI, JH TI FOOD FOR THOUGHT SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP MARYANSKI, JH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 8 BP 830 EP 830 DI 10.1038/nbt0892-830a PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA JH591 UT WOS:A1992JH59100002 ER PT J AU SHRAKE, A ROSS, PD AF SHRAKE, A ROSS, PD TI ORIGINS AND CONSEQUENCES OF LIGAND-INDUCED MULTIPHASIC THERMAL PROTEIN DENATURATION SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; HUMAN-ALBUMIN; SUBSATURATING CONCENTRATIONS; STABILIZATION; STABILITY; BIMODALITY; LYSOZYME; DSC AB The presence of subsaturating levels of a high-affinity ligand has been demonstrated both by experiment and calculation to have far-reaching consequences on thermally induced protein denaturation due to the coupling between the protein denaturation and ligand-binding equilibria. Under such circumstances, a protein may undergo biphasic denaturation even though in the absence of ligand it exhibits a thermogram comprised of a single essentially symmetric endotherm. Up to now, the presence of just 2 maxima in the thermogram has been presented merely as an experimental observation or as the result of equilibrium computations. Here we develop a thermodynamic description of the linkage between these equilibria in which the number of cusps present in the thermogram correlates with the number of resolved steps in the plot of saturation level of remaining native protein vs temperature (i.e., the thermal binding curve). During thermally induced denaturation, the concentration of native protein decreases; thus, the native protein in effect is titrated with ligand at constant total ligand concentration. The free ligand concentration increases substantially through the release of bound ligand by unfolding protein thereby increasing the saturation level of the remaining native protein. The form of this thermal binding curve is a function of the number of ligand-binding sites on the protein, the magnitudes of the association constants, and the total ligand and total protein concentrations. As a result, the model predicts multiphasic denaturation of a single cooperative unit when the thermal binding curve consists of discrete multiple steps. The presence of only 2 maxima (i.e., a single cusp) in a thermogram for a protein with multiple sites on the native species derives from the form of the thermal binding curve, which in this case is a single-step sigmoidal plot, and not from the predominant denaturation of unliganded and fully liganded native species. In addition, it is shown that, in general, the contributions from the denaturation of individual native protein species are decidedly non-two-state in character; thus, simple deconvolution should not be carried out. The effects of nonzero values of DELTA-C(p) and d-DELTA-C(p)/dT for denaturation and of changes in enthalpy and in heat capacity for ligand binding, as well as the interaction of ligand with the denatured protein, are explored also. C1 NIADDKD,MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SHRAKE, A (reprint author), NIADDKD,FOOD & DRUG ADM,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 27 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD AUG PY 1992 VL 32 IS 8 BP 925 EP 940 DI 10.1002/bip.360320804 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JD771 UT WOS:A1992JD77100003 PM 1420977 ER PT J AU KLETZEL, M KEARNS, GL WELLS, TG THOMPSON, HC AF KLETZEL, M KEARNS, GL WELLS, TG THOMPSON, HC TI PHARMACOKINETICS OF HIGH-DOSE THIOTEPA IN CHILDREN UNDERGOING AUTOLOGOUS BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION SO BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID EQUATIONS; PLASMA; TEPA AB Pharmacokinetics of high dose thiotepa was studied in 10 children who received this drug as a 2 h infusion at a dose of 300 mg/m2 daily for 3 days. The thiotepa was quantitated using a modification of a previously published gas chromatographic method. Samples were obtained at predetermined times post infusion. The peak plasma concentrations immediately following the infusion ranged from 5.5 to 25.2 (2.0 +/- 6.6) mg/l and the 8 h post infusion ranged from 0.06 to 0.7 (0.32 +/- 0.21) mg/l. The disposition of thiotepa was best described as a simple one compartment open model. The mean (+/- SEM) values for apparent elimination half-life (t 1/2-beta), total plasma clearance (CL) and steady volume of distribution (VD(ss)) were 1.3 x h, 11.25 (1.73) l/h/m2 and 19.38 (2.58) l/m2 respectively. In conclusion the pharmacokinetics of high dose thiotepa in children between 2 and 12 years of age do not appear to vary from those reported in children receiving 75 mg/m2 or adults receiving similar doses. C1 ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,DIV PEDIAT HEMATOL ONCOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,DIV NEPHROL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0268-3369 J9 BONE MARROW TRANSPL JI Bone Marrow Transplant. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 10 IS 2 BP 171 EP 175 PG 5 WC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Biophysics; Oncology; Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA JK705 UT WOS:A1992JK70500012 PM 1525606 ER PT J AU FRENI, SC GAYLOR, DW AF FRENI, SC GAYLOR, DW TI INTERNATIONAL TRENDS IN THE INCIDENCE OF BONE CANCER ARE NOT RELATED TO DRINKING-WATER FLUORIDATION SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE WATER FLUORIDATION; FLUORIDE; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER MORTALITY; TREND ANALYSIS; BONE CANCER RISK ID UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS; CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; SODIUM-FLUORIDE AB Background. Because osteosarcomas may develop in rats exposed to fluoridated water, water fluoridation might pose a cancer risk to humans. Methods. A time trend analysis of the cumulative risk (CR) of bone cancer for the period 1958-1987 for 40 cancer registry areas showed an increased risk for young males in Canada, Europe, and the United States, and a decreased lifetime risk for either sex in Europe. Results. This was unrelated to water fluoridation and may have resulted from changes in coding practices. Bone cancer risk was inversely related to the incidence of cancers of unknown origin, suggesting that bone metastases were erroneously coded as primary bone cancer. In 1968-1972, most areas recorded more bone cancer deaths than new cases of the disease. Conclusions. The mortality/incidence ratio, but not the incidence rate (IR), has dropped sharply since then, which erodes the basis of past inferences relating cancer mortality to fluoridation. RP FRENI, SC (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 1992 VL 70 IS 3 BP 611 EP 618 DI 10.1002/1097-0142(19920801)70:3<611::AID-CNCR2820700312>3.0.CO;2-W PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JF196 UT WOS:A1992JF19600009 PM 1623476 ER PT J AU TOMAZIC, VJ WITHROW, TJ FISHER, BR DILLARD, SF AF TOMAZIC, VJ WITHROW, TJ FISHER, BR DILLARD, SF TI LATEX-ASSOCIATED ALLERGIES AND ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SURGICAL GLOVE POWDER; BASOPHIL HISTAMINE-RELEASE; BARIUM ENEMA EXAMINATION; RUBBER ELONGATION-FACTOR; CONTACT URTICARIA; HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS; UNUSUAL COMPLICATION; HEVEA-BRASILIENSIS; IMMEDIATE ALLERGY; NATURAL LATEX C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP TOMAZIC, VJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,12709 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 97 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 64 IS 2 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.1016/0090-1229(92)90185-Q PG 9 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA JF357 UT WOS:A1992JF35700001 PM 1643748 ER PT J AU ELLENBERG, SS COOPER, E EIGO, J FINKELSTEIN, DM HOTH, DF NUSINOFFLEHRMAN, S SACKS, H AF ELLENBERG, SS COOPER, E EIGO, J FINKELSTEIN, DM HOTH, DF NUSINOFFLEHRMAN, S SACKS, H TI STUDYING TREATMENTS FOR AIDS - NEW CHALLENGES FOR CLINICAL-TRIALS - A PANEL DISCUSSION AT THE 1990 ANNUAL-MEETING OF THE SOCIETY-FOR-CLINICAL-TRIALS SO CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; AZIDOTHYMIDINE AZT; HIV-INFECTION; ZIDOVUDINE; EFFICACY; COMPLEX; DESIGN C1 US FDA,DIV ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. ACT UP,COMM TREATMENT & DATA,NEW YORK,NY. HARVARD UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOSTAT,BOSTON,MA 02115. BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO,DEPT INFECT DIS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. MT SINAI HOSP,DIV INFECT DIS,NEW YORK,NY. RP ELLENBERG, SS (reprint author), NIAID,DIV AIDS,6003 EXECUT BLVD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0197-2456 J9 CONTROL CLIN TRIALS JI Controlled Clin. Trials PD AUG PY 1992 VL 13 IS 4 BP 272 EP 292 DI 10.1016/0197-2456(92)90011-N PG 21 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JK567 UT WOS:A1992JK56700003 PM 1330433 ER PT J AU HEYES, MP SAITO, K JACOBOWITZ, D MARKEY, SP TAKIKAWA, O VICKERS, JH AF HEYES, MP SAITO, K JACOBOWITZ, D MARKEY, SP TAKIKAWA, O VICKERS, JH TI POLIOVIRUS INDUCES INDOLEAMINE-2,3-DIOXYGENASE AND QUINOLINIC ACID SYNTHESIS IN MACAQUE BRAIN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ENTEROVIRUS; INFLAMMATION; NEURODEGENERATION; EXCITOTOXIN; KYNURENINE PATHWAY; INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; CYTOKINES ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; INTERFERON-GAMMA; KYNURENIC ACID; INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; RAT-BRAIN; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; RHESUS MACAQUES; REGIONAL BRAIN AB Accumulation of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid within the brain occurs in a broad spectrum of patients with inflammatory neurologic disease and may be of neuropathologic significance. The production of quinolinic acid was postulated to reflect local induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by cytokines in reactive cells and inflammatory cell infiltrates within the central nervous system. To test this hypothesis, macaques received an intraspinal injection of poliovirus as a model of localized inflammatory neurologic disease. Seventeen days later, spinal cord indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and quinolinic acid concentrations in spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid were both increased in proportion to the degree of inflammatory responses and neurologic damage in the spinal cord, as well as the severity of motor paralysis. The absolute concentrations of quinolinic acid achieved in spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid exceeded levels reported to kill spinal cord neurons in vitro. Smaller increases in indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and quinolinic acid concentrations also occurred in parietal cortex, a poliovirus target area. In frontal cortex, which is not a target for poliovirus, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase was not affected. A monoclonal antibody to human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase was, used to visualize indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase predominantly in grey matter of poliovirus-infected spinal cord, in conjunction with local inflammatory lesions. Macrophage/monocytes in vitro synthesized [C-13(6)]quinolinic acid from [C-13(6)]L-tryptophan, particularly when stimulated by interferon-gamma. Spinal cord slices from poliovirus-inoculated macaques in vitro also converted [C-13(6)]L-tryptophan to [C-13(6)]quinolinic acid. We conclude that local synthesis of quinolinic acid from L-tryptophan within the central nervous system follows the induction of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, particularly within macrophage/microglia. In view of this link between immune stimulation and the synthesis of neurotoxic amounts of quinolinic acid, we propose that attenuation of local inflammation, strategies to reduce the synthesis of neuroactive kynurenine pathway metabolites, or drugs that interfere with the neurotoxicity of quinolinic acid offer new approaches to therapy in inflammatory neurologic disease. C1 NIMH, CLIN SCI LAB, HISTOPHARMACOL SECT, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. OSAKA BIOSCI INST, DEPT CELL BIOL, OSAKA 565, JAPAN. US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, PATHOBIOL & PRIMATOL LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP HEYES, MP (reprint author), NIMH, CLIN SCI LAB, ANALYT BIOCHEM SECT, BLDG 10, ROOM 3D40, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 55 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 11 BP 2977 EP 2989 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA JJ665 UT WOS:A1992JJ66500012 PM 1322853 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI REINVIGORATING THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,FOOD & DRUGS,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 46 IS 8 BP 20 EP & PG 0 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA JL061 UT WOS:A1992JL06100002 ER PT J AU GAWORSKI, CL ARANYI, C HALL, A LEVINE, BS JACKSON, CD ABDO, KM AF GAWORSKI, CL ARANYI, C HALL, A LEVINE, BS JACKSON, CD ABDO, KM TI PRECHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY STUDIES OF ISOBUTYL NITRITE SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE NITRITES; KAPOSIS SARCOMA; BUTYL; INVITRO; MICE C1 IIT,RES INST,10 W 35TH ST,CHICAGO,IL 60616. PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,CHICAGO,IL 60616. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60612. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NIEHS,NATL TOXICOL PROGRAM,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [N0S-ES-65143] NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 19 IS 2 BP 169 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90148-B PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JG896 UT WOS:A1992JG89600002 PM 1516772 ER PT J AU HOLSON, JF GAINES, TB NELSON, CJ LABORDE, JB GAYLOR, DW SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF AF HOLSON, JF GAINES, TB NELSON, CJ LABORDE, JB GAYLOR, DW SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF TI DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID (2,4,5-T) .1. MULTIREPLICATED DOSE-RESPONSE STUDIES IN 4 INBRED STRAINS AND ONE OUTBRED STOCK OF MICE SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US EPA MD-56,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HOLSON, JF (reprint author), WIL RES LABS INC,ASHLAND,OH 44805, USA. NR 25 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 19 IS 2 BP 286 EP 297 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90163-C PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JG896 UT WOS:A1992JG89600017 PM 1516787 ER PT J AU NELSON, CJ HOLSON, JF GAINES, TB LABORDE, JB MCCALLUM, WF WOLFF, GL SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF AF NELSON, CJ HOLSON, JF GAINES, TB LABORDE, JB MCCALLUM, WF WOLFF, GL SHEEHAN, DM YOUNG, JF TI DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID (2,4,5-T) .2. MULTIREPLICATED DOSE-RESPONSE STUDIES WITH TECHNICAL AND ANALYTICAL GRADES OF 2,4,5-T IN 4-WAY OUTCROSS MICE SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 WIL RES LABS INC,ASHLAND,OH 44805. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV VET SERV,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP NELSON, CJ (reprint author), US EPA MD-56,ALEXANDER DR,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 19 IS 2 BP 298 EP 306 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90164-D PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JG896 UT WOS:A1992JG89600018 PM 1516788 ER PT J AU GUNDBERG, CM CLOUGH, MK CALVO, MS AF GUNDBERG, CM CLOUGH, MK CALVO, MS TI A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF PARATHYROID-HORMONE AND PARATHYROID-HORMONE RELATED PROTEIN ON SERUM OSTEOCALCIN INVIVO SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S231 EP S231 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500555 ER PT J AU KATZPER, M AF KATZPER, M TI COMPUTER MODELING EXPLORATION OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND FRACTURE SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,RAMP,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S187 EP S187 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500379 ER PT J AU KAUP, SM HIGHT, SC RADER, JI AF KAUP, SM HIGHT, SC RADER, JI TI EFFECTS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL, GARLIC, ON CALCIUM AND ZINC STATUS IN WEANLING MALE AND FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S250 EP S250 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500629 ER PT J AU KAUP, SM AHN, SM RADER, JI AF KAUP, SM AHN, SM RADER, JI TI EFFECTS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL, GARLIC, ON CALCIUM AND ZINC STATUS OF ADULT MALE AND FEMALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 SU 1 BP S250 EP S250 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA JL595 UT WOS:A1992JL59500627 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, GR SAEKI, T GORDON, AW SHOYAB, M SALOMON, DS STROMBERG, K AF JOHNSON, GR SAEKI, T GORDON, AW SHOYAB, M SALOMON, DS STROMBERG, K TI AUTOCRINE ACTION OF AMPHIREGULIN IN A COLON-CARCINOMA CELL-LINE AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF AMPHIREGULIN IN HUMAN COLON SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROWTH FACTOR-ALPHA; MESSENGER-RNA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; FACTOR-RECEPTOR; TGF-ALPHA; EXPRESSION; EGF; TRANSFORMATION; FAMILY; GENE AB Amphiregulin (AR) is a newly discovered glycosylated, 84-amino acid residue polypeptide growth regulator which has sequence homology to the EGF family of proteins. To obtain immunological reagents to study the biological role of AR, two synthetic peptides containing sequences corresponding to distinct regions of AR were used to generate polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. One preparation of antipeptide antibodies directed against residues 26-44 of AR (AR-Ab2) was most effective in the detection of native AR, whereas another preparation of antibodies against residues 8-26 (AR-Ab1) was found to be most efficacious in the detection of AR in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. The growth of a colon carcinoma cell line, Geo, which proliferates autonomously under serum-free conditions, was stimulated by the exogenous addition of AR or EGF. Half-maximal stimulation of this growth was observed at 40 and 200 pM of EGF and AR, respectively. A mAb to the extracellular domain of the EGF receptor blocked the stimulation of cell proliferation induced by the exogenous addition of AR, suggesting that this stimulation was mediated via the EGF receptor. Geo cells were found to constitutively express significant levels of the AR mRNA transcript as determined by analysis of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified cDNA product and AR protein was detected immunocytochemically using the AR-Ab1 antibodies in these cells. AR was immunoprecipitated specifically using the AR-Ab2 antibodies from the conditioned medium of Geo cells, which had been metabolically labeled with [S-35]cysteine. The secreted AR migrated as a broad band (18.5-22.5 kD) with a median molecular weight of approximately 20.7 kD in SDS-PAGE. Immunospecific removal of AR from serum-free medium conditioned by the Geo cells and readdition of the AR-depleted medium to Geo cells resulted in an approximately 40% inhibition of cell growth relative to controls. Furthermore, the growth of the Geo cells was also inhibited by approximately 50% by the addition of the anti-EGF receptor mAb alone. These results indicate that AR and the EGF receptor are involved in the autocrine growth of these cells and suggests that AR may act through the EGF receptor via an extracellular autocrine loop. To study the expression of AR in human colon in vivo, AR was localized immunocytochemically in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from normal and malignant human colon using the AR-Abl antibodies. In all normal colon specimens, AR was localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative surface columnar and secretory epithelial cells of the mucosa, but was not detectable in the proliferative epithelial cells of the crypts. In four out of five colonic carcinomas, AR was localized to the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of the cells. In conclusion, AR can act as an autocrine growth stimulator for colonic carcinoma cells in vitro and may perform a growth regulatory function in normal and malignant colon in vivo. C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,SEATTLE,WA 98121. NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP JOHNSON, GR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELL BIOL LAB,HFB-830,BLDG 29A,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 45 TC 138 Z9 141 U1 1 U2 5 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 118 IS 3 BP 741 EP 751 DI 10.1083/jcb.118.3.741 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA JF804 UT WOS:A1992JF80400023 PM 1639855 ER PT J AU GU, XX TSAI, CM KARPAS, AB AF GU, XX TSAI, CM KARPAS, AB TI PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES TO TYPE-8 LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE OF NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GONORRHOEAE LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; EPITOPE EXPRESSION; SEROTYPE ANTIGENS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; SPECIFICITY; POLYSACCHARIDE; HETEROGENEITY; CARRIERS; EPIDEMIC AB Eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to lipooligosaccharides (LOSS) of Neisseria meningitidis were produced by immunizing mice with purified LOS from group A meningococcal strain A1. The specificities of the MAbs were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunodot assay, and ELISA inhibition by using the homologous A1 LOS, 12 immunotype LOSs of N. meningitidis (L1 through L12), and LOSs or lipopolysaccharides from other gram-negative bacteria. Two of the MAbs, 4385G7 (immunoglobulin G2b [IgG2b]) and 4387A5 (IgG2a), had the strongest reactivities with the homologous A1 LOS, moderate reactivities with the M978 (L8) LOS, but no reactivity with other LOSs. The other six MAbs (4 IgM and 2 IgG3) reacted with the A1 LOS and with several or many of the 12 LOSs. ELISA inhibition at 50% showed that the inhibitory activities of the LOSs from strains A1 and BB431 (a group B strain) to the specific MAb 4387A5 were about 10 to 20 times greater than that of the M978 (L8) LOS. When compared with MAb 2-1-L8 (L8) by Western blot (immunoblot) analysis and ELISA inhibition, the two specific MAbs recognized a different epitope in the 3.6-kDa LOSs of strains A1 and BB431. We propose that the new epitope is L8a, since the MAbs also reacted with the M978 (L8) LOS. The expression of the L8a epitope in the A1 LOS requires a few monosaccharide residues in its oligosaccharide moiety, and the fatty acid residues in its lipid A moiety also play a role. In a whole-cell ELISA, the two specific MAbs bound specifically to the homologous strain A1 and the L8 prototype strain M978 but not to any other LOS prototype strains. These results suggest that the two specific MAbs can be used for LOS typing of N. meningitidis. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 30 IS 8 BP 2047 EP 2053 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JD594 UT WOS:A1992JD59400027 PM 1380009 ER PT J AU JUNE, GA SHERROD, PS ANDREWS, WH AF JUNE, GA SHERROD, PS ANDREWS, WH TI COMPARISON OF 2 ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS FOR RECOVERY OF SALMONELLA-SPP FROM 4 LOW-MOISTURE FOODS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID HYBRIDIZATION; GRID MEMBRANE-FILTER; ASSAY AB Two enzyme immunoassays (Salmonella-Tek(TM) and Report(TM)) were compared with the standard culture method of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and the Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) for the recovery of Salmonella spp. from four low-moisture foods. Two protocols were used to compare the effectiveness of the two immunoassays: i) foods were contaminated in the dry state; or ii) serial tenfold dilutions of Salmonella spp. were inoculated into the postenrichments after incubation. Of three hundred 25-g test portions inoculated in the dry state, 199 gave confirmed positive reactions with the Salmonella-Tek(TM) assay, 193 with the Report(TM) assay, and 206 with the AOAC/BAM method. There were seven false-negative reactions with Salmonella-Tek(TM) and 13 false negatives with the Report(TM), a false negative being defined as one that was negative by the enzyme immunoassay but was confirmed positive by the AOAC/BAM culture method. When the postenrichments were inoculated after incubation, a lower number of cells gave a positive assay result with the Salmonella-Tek(TM) system than with the Report(TM) system, indicating greater sensitivity. RP JUNE, GA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 55 IS 8 BP 601 EP 604 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA JH351 UT WOS:A1992JH35100006 ER PT J AU MILLS, FC THYPHRONITIS, G FINKELMAN, FD MAX, EE AF MILLS, FC THYPHRONITIS, G FINKELMAN, FD MAX, EE TI IG MU-EPSILON ISOTYPE SWITCH IN IL-4-TREATED HUMAN B-LYMPHOBLASTOID CELLS - EVIDENCE FOR A SEQUENTIAL SWITCH SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-B; HEAVY-CHAIN SWITCH; INTERFERON-GAMMA; C-EPSILON; GENE; RECOMBINATION; MECHANISM; EXPRESSION; REGION AB IgE is produced by B lymphocytes that have undergone a deletional rearrangement of their Ig H chain gene locus, a rearrangement that joins the switch region of the mu-gene, S-mu, with the corresponding region of the epsilon-gene, S-epsilon. To examine the resulting composite S-mu-S-epsilon junctions of human lymphoid cells, we have used a polymerase chain reaction strategy to clone the switch regions of the human myeloma U266 and of two IgE-producing human cell lines generated by treatment of lymphocytes with EBV plus IL-4. The switch junction of one of the EBV lines is a complex rearrangement in which a fragment of S-gamma is interposed between S-mu and S-epsilon. This finding suggested that the switch to epsilon in this human lymphoid cell was preceded by a S-mu-S-gamma recombination. To determine whether this sequential switch rearrangement represented a unique event or occurred with some regularity in human B cells switching to IgE production, DNA samples from bulk cultures of lymphocytes treated with IL-4 were subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification of their S-mu-S-epsilon junctions. When the resulting fragments were examined by Southern blotting, a substantial fraction hybridized to an S-gamma probe. This finding suggests that sequential recombination involving S-gamma is not rare in the switch to epsilon-production in humans. Our polymerase chain reaction strategy should be useful in studying isotype switching at the DNA level. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,HFB-800,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 39 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD AUG 1 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 3 BP 1075 EP 1085 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JF474 UT WOS:A1992JF47400045 PM 1321850 ER PT J AU SHINDO, M DIBISCEGLIE, AM BISWAS, R MIHALIK, K FEINSTONE, SM AF SHINDO, M DIBISCEGLIE, AM BISWAS, R MIHALIK, K FEINSTONE, SM TI HEPATITIS-C VIRUS-REPLICATION DURING ACUTE INFECTION IN THE CHIMPANZEE SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Note ID NON-A AB The events following experimental infection of 2 chimpanzees with the H strain of hepatitis C virus (HCV) were studied by quantitating the levels of HCV RNA in liver and serum. Serum and liver samples were tested every 1-3 weeks for up to 32 weeks. The genomic and antigenomic strands of HCV RNA were individually detected in liver and serum by strand-specific reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using nested primers specific for the 5' noncoding region of the HCV genome and were quantitated by end-point dilution of the nucleic acid extract. Both genomic and antigenomic strands were detected in liver and serum within 1 week after inoculation and approximately 1 week before the development of elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. Changes in levels of antigenomic strand paralleled those of the genomic strand in both serum and liver. Titers of HCV RNA in serum and liver generally correlated with changes in ALT levels. C1 US FDA,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVOLUT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP SHINDO, M (reprint author), NIDDK,LIVER DIS SECT,BLDG 10,ROOM 4D52,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 15 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 166 IS 2 BP 424 EP 427 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA JE578 UT WOS:A1992JE57800029 PM 1321863 ER PT J AU BALINT, E MENG, C RUPP, B GRIMLEY, PM ASZALOS, A AF BALINT, E MENG, C RUPP, B GRIMLEY, PM ASZALOS, A TI CYTOSKELETAL MODULATION OF PLASMA-MEMBRANE EVENTS INDUCED BY INTERFERON-ALPHA SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POTASSIUM CHANNELS; MOTIONAL FREEDOM; CYTOCHALASIN-B; CONCANAVALIN-A; CELLS; MICROTUBULES; COLCHICINE; DEPOLYMERIZATION; LEUKOCYTES; INHIBITION AB Cytochalasin B, a drug that alters microfilament structure, was found to modulate interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha)-induced changes in ion fluxes, in motional freedom of spin probes, and lateral diffusion of surface antigens. These changes occur in Daudi cells inherently sensitive to the antiproliferative signal of IFN-alpha, but not in insensitive cells, and were associated with the antiproliferative signal previously. The biophysical effects of cytochalasin B were detected by flow cytometric quantitation of membrane potential using an oxonol dye, by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, and by measurements of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) of surface antigens using a laser-interactive cell imaging system. Cytochalasin B treatment increased an IFN-alpha-induced membrane potential shift by - 5 mV. The motional freedom of 5-doxyl-stearic acid changed from 0.67 to 0.63, as expressed by the order parameter, S, with IFN-alpha treatment and was prevented by cytochalasin B. Changes in the lateral diffusion of surface antigens induced by IFN-alpha treatment, D = 5.3 x 10(-10) without treatment and D = 7.8 x 10(-10) cm2/s with treatment, was blocked by cytochalasin B. In contrast, the microtubule stabilizers taxol and D2O and the microtubule depolymerizing colcemid were ineffective at dose levels sufficient to cause the characteristic cell physiological alterations of these agents. These results implicate microfilaments but not the microtubule system in transduction of the antiproliferative signal by IFN-alpha in Daudi cells. C1 US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0197-8357 J9 J INTERFERON RES JI J. Interferon Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 12 IS 4 BP 249 EP 255 DI 10.1089/jir.1992.12.249 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JM588 UT WOS:A1992JM58800003 PM 1331257 ER PT J AU REICKS, MM FULLERTON, FR POIRIER, LA WHITTAKER, P HATHCOCK, JN AF REICKS, MM FULLERTON, FR POIRIER, LA WHITTAKER, P HATHCOCK, JN TI PROLONGED ACETAMINOPHEN INGESTION BY MICE FED A METHIONINE-LIMITED DIET DOES NOT AFFECT IRON-INDUCED LIVER LIPID-PEROXIDATION OR S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE ACETAMINOPHEN; S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; GLUTATHIONE; MICE ID MOUSE HEPATOCYTES; METHYL-DEFICIENT; CYTO-TOXICITY; VITAMIN-E; GLUTATHIONE; RATS; NECROSIS; SYSTEM; DNA AB This study determined whether acetaminophen (ACAP)-induced glutathione depletion was associated with liver lipid peroxide formation, or the concentrations of liver S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine in mice fed diets with L-methionine below or at the requirement level (0.25 or 0.5%) for 7 wk. Iron dextran (281 mg/kg body wt) or saline was administered for 2 d before measurement of lipid peroxide formation. Chronic dietary ACAP (0.5%) in mice fed 0.25% methionine caused a failure to maintain body weight even though food intake was similar to intake by all other treatment groups. Liver GSH (measured as nonprotein sulfhydryl concentration) and cysteine concentrations were depleted by ACAP and by ACAP plus iron. Liver lipid peroxide formation was increased by iron but was not altered additionally by ACAP ingestion. Liver glutathione peroxidase activity was increased by methionine in controls, whereas glutathione S-transferase activity was increased by ACAP ingestion in mice fed 0.5% methionine compared with controls. Liver S-adenosylmethionine and nuclear 5-methyldeoxycytidine concentrations were not affected by dietary ACAP or methionine. Liver S-adenosylhomocysteine levels were lower in mice fed ACAP and 0.25% methionine compared with mice fed ACAP and 0.5% methionine. In conclusion, chronic ACAP did not increase the susceptibility of mice to liver lipid peroxidation or alter the availability of methyl groups for methylation reactions. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 122 IS 8 BP 1738 EP 1743 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JE883 UT WOS:A1992JE88300018 PM 1640269 ER PT J AU MONTINARO, V HEVEY, K AVENTAGGIATO, L FADDEN, K ESPARZA, A CHEN, A FINBLOOM, DS RIFAI, A AF MONTINARO, V HEVEY, K AVENTAGGIATO, L FADDEN, K ESPARZA, A CHEN, A FINBLOOM, DS RIFAI, A TI EXTRARENAL CYTOKINES MODULATE THE GLOMERULAR RESPONSE TO IGA IMMUNE-COMPLEXES SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID MESANGIAL CELL-PROLIFERATION; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY; GAMMA-INTERFERON; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; FIBRIN DEPOSITION; GENE-EXPRESSION; GROWTH-FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-1 AB Clinical episodes of IgA nephropathy coincide recurrently with microbial infections. Cytokines produced during such infections may play a role in the pathogenesis of IgA-associated glomerulonephritis. To test this hypothesis, we examined the influence of passively administered proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IFN-gamma and IL-6) on the development of glomerulonephritis in an experimental model of IgA nephropathy. Glomerular IgA immune deposits were induced in mice by administration of IgA anti-phosphorylcholine (PC) with either a PC-containing carbohydrate antigen of Pneumococcal C polysaccharide (PnC) or a protein antigen of PC-conjugated bovine serum albumin (PC-BSA). The effect of IL-1 on the IgA-PC-BSA induced glomerular changes resulted in an increase of mesangial hypercellularity that was associated with mild proteinuria and hematuria. Mice treated with IL-1 and IgA-PnC developed diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with proteinuria and hematuria. In contrast, IL-6 treatment with IgA-PC-BSA of IgA-PnC failed to exert any significant renal effect. The combination of IL-6 and IL-1, however, intensified the mesangial hypercellularity of the IgA-PC-BSA, and induced severe proliferative glomerulonephritis with inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils infiltrates in the IgA-PnC treated mice. These glomerular changes were also accompanied by increased proteinuria and hematuria. Similarly, the combination of IFN with IL-1 produced histologic changes and compromized renal function more than IFN or IL-1 exerted independently. These results suggest that extrarenal cytokines influence the renal response to IgA immune deposits. We also conclude that a synergy of multiple cytokines and nephritogenic antigens immobilized in glomerular IgA immune deposits may lead to rapid progression of IgA-associated glomerulonephritis. C1 RHODE ISL HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,ALDRICH-618,PROVIDENCE,RI 02903. BROWN UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. POLICLIN UNIV BARI,DIV NEPHROL & DIALYSIS,BARI,ITALY. TRI SERV GEN HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-32379] NR 59 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 42 IS 2 BP 341 EP 353 DI 10.1038/ki.1992.295 PG 13 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JE812 UT WOS:A1992JE81200012 PM 1405317 ER PT J AU MARTI, GE ZENGER, V BROWN, M MARTI, DM MELO, JV CRESCENZI, M DADEY, B HAN, T BERTIN, P CAPORASO, NE NOGUCHI, P AF MARTI, GE ZENGER, V BROWN, M MARTI, DM MELO, JV CRESCENZI, M DADEY, B HAN, T BERTIN, P CAPORASO, NE NOGUCHI, P TI ANTIGENIC EXPRESSION OF B-CELL CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIC-CELL LINES SO LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA LA English DT Article DE B-CLL LEUKEMIC CELL LINES ANTIGENIC EXPRESSION AB A flow cytometric analysis of five B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemic (B-CLL) cell lines was undertaken using 129 unknown reagents from the blind panel (BP) and 72 reagents from the known CD panel obtained from the Fourth International Leucocyte Differentiation Conference and Workshop, B cell section (Vienna, 1989). The five cell lines examined were: SeD (PNAS 75, 5706, 1978), B-CLL-LCL (BLOOD 71, 9, 1988), JVM-HH and JVM-2(INT J CAN 38, 531, 1986), and WR # 1 (TH and BD). The reagents were # 1-129 (blinded panel) and reagents 1-44 and 53-84 (CD panel with CD23 reagents missing). Positivity was defined as greater than 30% of the cells having a three fold increase or more in mean channel fluorescence. Fourty-three reagents of the blinded panel were negative by these criteria while all remaining reagents were positive on all five lines. SeD showed the lowest reactivity; B-CLL-LCL and JVM-2 showed the most reactivity; JVM-HH and WR # 1 were intermediate. The known CD panel confirmed the reactivity of the blinded panel. An average immunophenotype was constructed and compared to published normal EBV lymphoblastoid cell lines and several differences were noted. There was an absence or significant decrease in the expression of CD19, CD21, CD22 and CD37 while there was an increased expression of CD38, CD54, CD74 and CD76. The heterogeneity observed between the B-CLL lines may in part be due to polymorphisms but is more likely to represent the underlying heterogeneity seen in common and familial B-CLL. In addition the variation in CD expression may be related to the effects of EBV transformation. RP MARTI, GE (reprint author), NIH,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL LAB,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CBER,FDA,BLDG 29,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1042-8194 J9 LEUKEMIA LYMPHOMA JI Leuk. Lymphoma PD AUG PY 1992 VL 7 IS 5-6 BP 497 EP 504 DI 10.3109/10428199209049807 PG 8 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA JV438 UT WOS:A1992JV43800019 PM 1337293 ER PT J AU CREEDON, KA KASLOW, DC RATHOD, PK WELLEMS, TE AF CREEDON, KA KASLOW, DC RATHOD, PK WELLEMS, TE TI IDENTIFICATION OF A PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM HISTONE 2A GENE SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Note DE HISTONE RNA; CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE; MALARIA ID MESSENGER-RNA; SEQUENCE C1 NIAID,MALARIA RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 26912] NR 13 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 54 IS 1 BP 113 EP 115 DI 10.1016/0166-6851(92)90102-P PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA JF978 UT WOS:A1992JF97800014 PM 1518525 ER PT J AU FENG, P AF FENG, P TI IDENTIFICATION OF INVASIVE YERSINIA SPECIES USING OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE YERSINIA SPP; PATHOGENICITY; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; INVASIVENESS ID DNA COLONY HYBRIDIZATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; HELA-CELLS; ENTEROCOLITICA; VIRULENCE; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; PROTEIN; PATHOGENICITY; SEQUENCES RP FENG, P (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD AUG PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 291 EP 297 DI 10.1016/0890-8508(92)90004-H PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA JK017 UT WOS:A1992JK01700004 PM 1528199 ER PT J AU WEISZ, A ANDRZEJEWSKI, D MANDELBAUM, A AF WEISZ, A ANDRZEJEWSKI, D MANDELBAUM, A TI PARTICIPATION OF HALOGEN ATOMS IN HYDROGEN TRANSFER BETWEEN REMOTE POSITIONS IN GAS-PHASE IONIZED ISOMERIC HALORESORCINOLS SO ORGANIC MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT; ELIMINATION AB Mono, di- and trihaloresorcinols substituted by a halogen atom at position 2 exhibit a highly specific elimination of H2O on electron impact ionization and under conditions of collisionally induced dissociation (CID). The high isomer specificity suggests the intermediacy of a hydrogen transfer from one of the hydroxy groups to the adjacent halogen atom. A subsequent hydrogen migration to the other hydroxy group readily explains the facile elimination of H2O from the M+. ions of these particular isomers. An analogous three-step hydrogen transfer has not been observed in 2,3-dihalo-1,4-hydroquinones. 4-Bromo- and 4-iodoresorcinol undergo elimination of the halogen atom followed by a very fast loss of CO under CID conditions, affording [M - Hal]+ ions of low abundance and highly abundant [M - Hal - CO]+ ions. The elimination of CO is suppressed in the isomeric 5-haloresorcinols, resulting in very highly abundant [M - Hal]+ ions. This behavior suggests that a 'hidden hydrogen transfer' accompanies the elimination of the halogen atom from the molecular ions of 4-haloresorcinols. C1 US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,HAIFA,ISRAEL. RP WEISZ, A (reprint author), US FDA,DIV COLORS & COSMET,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0030-493X J9 ORG MASS SPECTROM JI Org. Mass Spectrom. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 27 IS 8 BP 891 EP 895 DI 10.1002/oms.1210270808 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA JJ077 UT WOS:A1992JJ07700006 ER PT J AU REGAN, JB PHILLIPS, LR BEAUCAGE, SL AF REGAN, JB PHILLIPS, LR BEAUCAGE, SL TI LARGE-SCALE PREPARATION OF THE SULFUR-TRANSFER REAGENT 3H-1,2-BENZODITHIOL-3-ONE 1,1-DIOXIDE SO ORGANIC PREPARATIONS AND PROCEDURES INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Note ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PHOSPHOROTHIOATE ANALOGS; DINUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHORODITHIOATES; MYOINOSITOL PHOSPHATES; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; MYO-INOSITOL; OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; PHOSPHORUS; OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDES C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 28 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 2 PU ORGANIC PREP PROCEDURES INC PI NEWTON HIGHLANDS PA PO BOX 9, NEWTON HIGHLANDS, MA 02161 SN 0030-4948 J9 ORG PREP PROCED INT JI Org. Prep. Proced. Int. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 24 IS 4 BP 488 EP 492 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA JH032 UT WOS:A1992JH03200008 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H BARRY, BW CONNERS, DP EVANS, CC FRANZ, TJ GANS, EH KAIL, N KRUEGER, GG LEYDEN, J MAIBACH, HI MALICK, AW NACHT, S NG, S PECK, CC PERSHING, LK POTTS, RO POULSEN, BJ SCOTT, RC SEQEIRA, JA SHARMA, D SKELLY, JP WU, MS AF SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H BARRY, BW CONNERS, DP EVANS, CC FRANZ, TJ GANS, EH KAIL, N KRUEGER, GG LEYDEN, J MAIBACH, HI MALICK, AW NACHT, S NG, S PECK, CC PERSHING, LK POTTS, RO POULSEN, BJ SCOTT, RC SEQEIRA, JA SHARMA, D SKELLY, JP WU, MS TI PRINCIPLES AND CRITERIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF TOPICAL THERAPEUTIC PRODUCTS SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,PHARMACEUT RES & DEV,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. UNIV MICHIGAN,COLL PHARM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV UTAH,COLL PHARM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. CIRD GALDERMA,F-06565 VALBONNE,FRANCE. HASTINGS ASSOCIATE RES & DEV,WESTPORT,CT 06880. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT DERMATOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. ADV POLYMER SYST INC,DEPT RES & DEV,REDWOOD CITY,CA 94063. ORTHO PHARMACEUT CORP,RARITAN,NJ 08869. CYGNUS THERAPEUT SYST,REDWOOD CITY,CA 94063. SYNTEX RES,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. ICI PLC,CENT TOXIC LAB,ACUTE TOXIC SECT,MACCLESFIELD SK104TJ,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. PHARMACEUT RES & DEV,KENILWORTH,NJ 07033. NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UPJOHN CO,CONSUMER PROD DEV,KALAMAZOO,MI 49001. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIV BRADFORD,SCH PHARM,BRADFORD BD7 1DP,W YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. UNIV UTAH,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT DERMATOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 9 IS 8 BP 1107 EP 1111 DI 10.1023/A:1015831201020 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JH555 UT WOS:A1992JH55500023 PM 1357648 ER PT J AU CHU, CC PAUL, WE MAX, EE AF CHU, CC PAUL, WE MAX, EE TI QUANTITATION OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-GAMMA-1 HEAVY-CHAIN SWITCH REGION RECOMBINATION BY A DIGESTION CIRCULARIZATION POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION METHOD SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE IGG1; INTERLEUKIN-4; ISOTYPE ID B-CELLS; EXPRESSION; IGE; DNA; GENE AB B lymphocytes expressing surface IgM with or without IgD may switch to the expression of other isotypes (IgG, IgA, or IgE) in the course of immune responses. Analyses of genomic DNA from cloned myelomas and hybridomas have shown that the isotype switch is accompanied by a rearrangement characterized by deletion of DNA between the switch (S) region of the mu-gene and that associated with the new isotype, resulting in the formation of a composite S region. Measurement of this deletional rearrangement has been difficult in populations of normal B cells but would be useful for investigating the mechanism of the rearrangement and determining whether deletional rearrangement is responsible for all instances of class switching. We have developed a sensitive assay for deletional rearrangement that we designate the digestion-circularization polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this assay, genomic DNA is digested with a restriction enzyme that recognizes sites that flank the recombined composite S region. The digested DNA is then ligated at low concentrations to favor the formation of circles. The ligation joins the 5' and 3' ends of each restriction fragment, making it possible to amplify by PCR across the ligated restriction site by using appropriate primers. From DNA that has undergone deletional rearrangement, a single-sized PCR product is produced and can be quantitated. We demonstrate here that the digestion-circularization PCR assay can detect S-mu-S-gamma-1 rearrangements in B cells cultured with lipopolysaccharide and interleukin 4. The assay is sensitive enough to quantitate switched cells constituting only 1-2% of the population. C1 NIAID,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 21 TC 81 Z9 81 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 15 BP 6978 EP 6982 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.15.6978 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JF856 UT WOS:A1992JF85600066 PM 1495989 ER PT J AU GAYLOR, DW AF GAYLOR, DW TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SHAPE OF DOSE-RESPONSE CURVES AND BACKGROUND TUMOR RATES SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article RP GAYLOR, DW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 16 IS 1 BP 2 EP 9 DI 10.1016/0273-2300(92)90018-5 PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JG591 UT WOS:A1992JG59100001 PM 1410654 ER PT J AU ZOON, KC COHEN, RB GERRARD, T AF ZOON, KC COHEN, RB GERRARD, T TI REGULATORY ISSUES INVOLVED IN HEMATOPOIETIC GROWTH-FACTOR APPROVAL SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; INCREASED BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; ANIMAL-CELLS; GRANULOCYTE; GLYCOSYLATION; YEAST C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2D20,ROCKVILLE,MD 20892. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 19 IS 4 BP 432 EP 440 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JK493 UT WOS:A1992JK49300009 PM 1380733 ER PT J AU DJURIC, Z LU, MH LEWIS, SM LUONGO, DA CHEN, XW HEILBRUN, LK READING, BA DUFFY, PH HART, RW AF DJURIC, Z LU, MH LEWIS, SM LUONGO, DA CHEN, XW HEILBRUN, LK READING, BA DUFFY, PH HART, RW TI OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE LEVELS IN RATS FED LOW-FAT, HIGH-FAT, OR CALORIE-RESTRICTED DIETS SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN RADICALS; METABOLISM; RADIATION; TUMORS; MICE C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP DJURIC, Z (reprint author), WAYNE STATE UNIV,DIV HEMATOL & ONCOL,POB 02188,DETROIT,MI 48201, USA. RI Djuric, Zora/H-5147-2013 OI Djuric, Zora/0000-0002-8886-8853 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-22453] NR 29 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 115 IS 2 BP 156 EP 160 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(92)90318-M PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JF755 UT WOS:A1992JF75500002 PM 1641849 ER PT J AU NG, KME CHU, I BRONAUGH, RL FRANKLIN, CA SOMERS, DA AF NG, KME CHU, I BRONAUGH, RL FRANKLIN, CA SOMERS, DA TI PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION AND METABOLISM OF PYRENE, BENZO[A]PYRENE, AND DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE - COMPARISON OF INVITRO AND INVIVO RESULTS IN THE HAIRLESS GUINEA-PIG SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SKIN; XENOBIOTICS; PENETRATION; DIESTERS; RAT C1 ENVIRONM HLTH DIRECTORATE,BUR CHEM HAZARDS,DIV ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT TOXICOL,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,DERMAL & OCULAR TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. DRUGS DIRECTORATE,BUR HUMAN PRESCRIPT DRUGS,OTTAWA,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 18 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD AUG PY 1992 VL 115 IS 2 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(92)90326-N PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA JF755 UT WOS:A1992JF75500010 PM 1641855 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, T TRIPATHI, AK LEE, YL BONVINI, E GOLDING, B AF HOFFMAN, T TRIPATHI, AK LEE, YL BONVINI, E GOLDING, B TI INFLAMMATORY MEDIATOR RELEASE FROM HUMAN MONOCYTES VIA IMMOBILIZED FC-RECEPTORS - ITS POTENTIAL ROLE IN ADVERSE REACTIONS TO SYSTEMIC MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY THERAPY SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID CROSS-LINKING; CELL ACTIVATION; GAMMA-RI; TRIGGERS; CD44 AB Human monocytes released superoxide anion, IL-1, and TNF subsequent to binding of their Fc receptor I to murine IgG2a or rabbit IgG. Fc receptor II binding to murine IgG2b or IgG1 had similar consequences. Immobilized murine monoclonal antibodies, IgG2a anti-CD3 (OKT3) or IgG1 anti-CD44 also induced superoxide anion and monokine production. Monocytes bound OKT3 via FcRI and responded to immobilized OKT3 by inflammatory mediator release in the absence of T cells. These results suggest that direct interaction of immunoglobulins with monocytes via FcR may represent an important phase of the pathophysiology of adverse reactions to systemic monoclonal antibodies. RP HOFFMAN, T (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL & CELL BIOL LAB,HFB-450,BLDG 29,ROOM 225,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD AUG PY 1992 VL 54 IS 2 BP 343 EP 346 DI 10.1097/00007890-199208000-00027 PG 4 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA JJ753 UT WOS:A1992JJ75300028 PM 1323151 ER PT J AU ZOON, KC MILLER, D BEKISZ, J NEDDEN, DZ ENTERLINE, JC NGUYEN, NY HU, RQ AF ZOON, KC MILLER, D BEKISZ, J NEDDEN, DZ ENTERLINE, JC NGUYEN, NY HU, RQ TI PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTIPLE COMPONENTS OF HUMAN LYMPHOBLASTOID INTERFERON-ALPHA SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-LEUKOCYTE INTERFERON; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CELLS; HOMOGENEITY; FAMILY; GENES AB Twenty-two components of human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) derived from Sendai virus-induced Namalwa cells were purified by sequential immunoadsorbent affinity chromatography using four monoclonal antibody affinity columns followed by ultrafiltration and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The specific activity ranged from 0.2 to 2.6 x 10(8) IU/mg protein on Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells, 0.3 to 4.6 x 10(8) IU/mg protein on human WISH cells, and 10(4) to 7 x 10(5) units/mg protein on mouse L929 cells. The apparent molecular weights of the components ranged from 17,500 to 23,300 using nonreducing sodium dodecyl polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and 17,500 to 27,600 using reducing sodium dodecyl polyacylamide-gel electrophoresis. The amino-terminal amino acid sequences were similar among the components as well as to those reported for the cloned human IFN-alpha genes (Pestka, S. (1986) Methods Enzymol. 119, 3-14). However, four components, f, i, l, and m, have amino-terminal amino acid sequences which appear to be unique when compared to those predicted from the cDNA clones. One component, pre-a, has a potential N-linked glycosylation site on the Asn of residues 2 through 4, Asn-Leu-Ser. RP ZOON, KC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,RM 2D20,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 37 TC 49 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 25 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 21 BP 15210 EP 15216 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JF088 UT WOS:A1992JF08800103 PM 1634550 ER PT J AU TESKE, RH AF TESKE, RH TI CHEMICAL RESIDUES IN FOOD SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article RP TESKE, RH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 15 PY 1992 VL 201 IS 2 BP 253 EP 256 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA JD679 UT WOS:A1992JD67900015 PM 1500319 ER PT J AU KUMKUMIAN, CS AF KUMKUMIAN, CS TI CHIRALITY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP KUMKUMIAN, CS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF DRUG EVALUAT I,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 10 PY 1992 VL 257 IS 5067 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JC585 UT WOS:A1992JC58500003 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI COMMUNICATING WITH PATIENTS ABOUT THEIR MEDICATIONS - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 9 PY 1992 VL 327 IS 2 BP 132 EP 132 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JC214 UT WOS:A1992JC21400032 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI EFFORTS TO PREVENT FOODBORNE LISTERIOSIS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 8 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 2 BP 180 EP 180 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JB279 UT WOS:A1992JB27900005 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW NICOTINE DRUG PRODUCTS APPROVED FOR USE IN COMPREHENSIVE BEHAVIORAL SMOKING-CESSATION PROGRAMS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 8 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 2 BP 180 EP 180 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JB279 UT WOS:A1992JB27900004 ER PT J AU WIDMALM, G PASTOR, RW AF WIDMALM, G PASTOR, RW TI COMPARISON OF LANGEVIN AND MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS - EQUILIBRIUM AND DYNAMICS OF ETHYLENE-GLYCOL IN WATER SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-FARADAY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON THE CONFORMATIONS OF FLEXIBLE MOLECULES IN FLUID PHASES CY DEC 16-18, 1991 CL SOUTHAMPTON, ENGLAND ID INTERMOLECULAR POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS; STOCHASTIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; 1,2-DISUBSTITUTED ETHANES; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; LIQUID WATER; MODELS; CONFORMATIONS; ALGORITHMS; POLYMERS; ALCOHOLS AB The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of one ethylene glycol molecule in 259 waters from trajectories totalling 5 ns are compared with those from Langevin dynamics simulations of a single ethylene glycol. It is found that while the trans-gauche equilibrium constant is relatively unperturbed by water, the effective barrier for isomerization is lowered by ca. 1 kT. Once this effect is taken into account, a Langevin model without explicit waters with a collision frequency, gamma, of ca. 50 ps-1 provides a reasonable description of the average isomerization rate. Overall rotation is well fitted with gamma = 75 ps-1, although the fast librational motion present in MD is overdamped in LD. When hydrodynamic interaction is introduced with the Oseen tensor and the above collision frequencies are assumed, 1-2 bound waters are required to reproduce the translational diffusion constant of the glycol obtained in the MD simulations. These results indicate that Langevin dynamics simulations can reproduce some behaviour of polar molecules in aqueous solutions, but might be better carried out including a partial layer of bound water. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 51 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 15 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0956-5000 J9 J CHEM SOC FARADAY T JI J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans. PD JUL 7 PY 1992 VL 88 IS 13 BP 1747 EP 1754 DI 10.1039/ft9928801747 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JD657 UT WOS:A1992JD65700006 ER PT J AU HAUSMAN, SZ BURNS, DL AF HAUSMAN, SZ BURNS, DL TI INTERACTION OF PERTUSSIS TOXIN WITH CELLS AND MODEL MEMBRANES SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ISLET-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN; CHOLERA-TOXIN; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; A-SUBUNIT; ADP-RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDES; NAD GLYCOHYDROLASE; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; BINDING AB The interaction of pertussis toxin (PT) with cells and model membranes was investigated by examining PT-induced intoxication of Chinese hamster ovary cells and by studying the binding of PT and its subunits to phospholipid vesicles. Since certain bacterial toxins require an acidic environment for efficient interaction with membranes and subsequent entry into the cell, the requirement for an acidic environment for PT action was examined. PT, unlike bacterial toxins such as diphtheria toxin, did not require an acidic environment for efficient intoxication of Chinese hamster ovary cells. Potential modes by which PT might interact with biological membranes were studied by examining the binding of PT to a model membrane system. PT was found to be capable of interacting with phospholipid vesicles, however, efficient binding of the toxin to the vesicles occurred only in the presence of both ATP and reducing agent. The A subunit portion of the toxin bound preferentially to the vesicles while little binding of the B oligomer portion of PT to the model membranes was observed. Isolated A subunit, in the absence of the B oligomer, also bound to the vesicles with optimal binding occurring in the presence of reducing agent. After cleavage of the A subunit by trypsin, probably at Arg-181, Arg-182, and/or Arg-193, large fragments which lacked the C-terminal portion of the A subunit of PT no longer associated with the lipid vesicles. These results suggest that the A subunit of PT can interact directly with a lipid matrix and, if freed from the constraints imposed by the B oligomer, may be capable of interacting with cellular membranes. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BLDG 29,RM 418,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 43 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 5 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 19 BP 13735 EP 13739 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JB746 UT WOS:A1992JB74600100 PM 1618869 ER PT J AU BRAT, SSV SHEPHERD, LP BOULBERHANE, A PIERCE, PF HELLMAN, KB AF BRAT, SSV SHEPHERD, LP BOULBERHANE, A PIERCE, PF HELLMAN, KB TI QUANTITATION OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS (HIV) WITH RESPECT TO DISEASE STAGE AND ZIDOVUDINE (AZT) THERAPY SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; CLINICAL IMPORTANCE; INFECTED PERSONS; HTLV-III; TYPE-1; PLASMA; ANTIGEN; AIDS; DISINFECTION; REPLICATION AB Quantitation of HIV in 115 seropositive individuals was undertaken to evaluate the potential for HIV transmission as a nosocomial infection through the use of medical devices that may come in contact with the peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals. The virus burden in the peripheral blood was estimated from the level of: plasma HIV p24 antigenemia; plasma viremia; p24 antigen in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lysates as indicators of productive infection; and frequency of latently infected cells. Negligible HIV levels were observed in the plasma and PBMC lysates of the majority of samples except for late-stage patients with certain opportunistic infections and/or lack of zidovudine (AZT) therapy. Some individuals on AZT therapy and at late-stage of disease may show antigenemia without plasma viremia or alternatively, plasma viremia may be observed without plasma antigenemia. PBMC lysate data indicated that the frequency of productively infected cells was less than one in 20,000 PBMCs for the majority of samples irrespective of status on AZT therapy or disease stage. HIV was detected in > 95 % of the cocultures and within 14 days for most of the samples, again regardless of the stage of disease or status on AZT therapy. The frequency of latently infected cells in this cohort ranged from 125 to 3125 per million PBMCs and was calculated to be as high as 2.5% of the helpter T-cell (CD4+ cell) population in the peripheral blood. The average latently infected cell frequency was 2-3-fold higher in early stage patients not on AZT than in late-stage patients on AZT therapy. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,SCH MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP BRAT, SSV (reprint author), BRATON BIOTECH INC,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1271 EP 1281 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JL627 UT WOS:A1992JL62700012 ER PT J AU GROSS, TP SCHLESSELMAN, JJ STADEL, BV YU, W LEE, NC AF GROSS, TP SCHLESSELMAN, JJ STADEL, BV YU, W LEE, NC TI THE RISK OF EPITHELIAL OVARIAN-CANCER IN SHORT-TERM USERS OF ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL; OVARIAN NEOPLASMS ID INCESSANT OVULATION; DETERMINANTS; NEOPLASIA; EVENTS; CYSTS AB Short-term use (less than 1 year) of oral contraceptives has been associated with increased to slightly decreased risks of epithelial ovarian cancer in several studies. To determine what might account for a statistically significant 40% reduction in risk associated with as little as 3 to 6 months of use, a finding previously reported from the Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study, and to consider the implications for mechanisms of pathogenesis, the authors compared numerous characteristics of short-term users of oral contraceptives (41 cases, 412 controls) with those of never users (242 cases, 1,517 controls). The reduced risk among short-term users was consistently restricted to women who stopped using oral contraceptives for medical reasons, which were essentially side effects; there was little evidence of a protective effect among women who stopped for nonmedical reasons. Factors such as age, parity, family history of ovarian cancer, estrogen dose, history of sterilization, and latency (interval from first use) could not account for the finding. These analyses suggest that short-term use of oral contraceptives has little to no effect per se on reducing the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer and that side effects resulting in cessation of oral contraceptive use shortly after it was begun may be indicative of factors that are protective against the disease. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PREVENT MED & BIOMETR,BETHESDA,MD 20814. CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR CHRON DIS PREVENT & HLTH PROMOT,DIV REPROD HLTH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP GROSS, TP (reprint author), US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50913] NR 29 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH PI BALTIMORE PA 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 136 IS 1 BP 46 EP 53 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA JN538 UT WOS:A1992JN53800005 PM 1415131 ER PT J AU WYSOWSKI, DK BARASH, D AF WYSOWSKI, DK BARASH, D TI USE OF SPONTANEOUS REPORTING SYSTEM DATA - REPLY SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 152 IS 7 BP 1528 EP 1529 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JD357 UT WOS:A1992JD35700026 ER PT J AU OROSZ, SE CHENGAPPA, MM OYSTER, RA MORRIS, PJ TROCK, S ALTEKRUSE, S AF OROSZ, SE CHENGAPPA, MM OYSTER, RA MORRIS, PJ TROCK, S ALTEKRUSE, S TI SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS INFECTION IN 2 SPECIES OF PSITTACIFORMES SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PET BIRDS; CHICKENS; OUTBREAK AB In 1990, Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 was recovered from two young (< 20-week-old) lilac-crowned Amazon parrots (Amazona finschi Schlater), one in Tennessee and one in Kansas. The parrot from Tennessee was treated for a plugged naris and anorexia before the S. enteritidis infection was discovered. The parrot from Kansas exhibited signs of septicemia and died within 24 hours of examination. An apparently healthy green-cheeked conure (Pyrrhura molinae) on the same premises as the parrot from Tennessee was positive for S. enteritidis phage type 4 on a cloacal swab. These are the first reported cases of avian infection with S. enteritidis phage type 4 in the United States. Because several infectious agents were present simultaneously in the Amazon parrots, it was difficult to determine the precise role of S. enteritidis phage type 4 in the clinical presentations. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,COLL VET MED,DEPT LAB MED,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,COLL VET MED,DEPT VET DIAG,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. SAN DIEGO ZOO,DEPT VET,SAN DIEGO,CA 92112. USDA,VET SERV,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,SCOTIA,NY 12302. US FDA,CLIN NUTR BRANCH HFF265,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP OROSZ, SE (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,COLL VET MED,DEPT ENVIRONM PRACTICE,POB 1071,KNOXVILLE,TN 37901, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUL-SEP PY 1992 VL 36 IS 3 BP 766 EP 769 DI 10.2307/1591782 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA JV431 UT WOS:A1992JV43100044 PM 1417612 ER PT J AU VENABLE, RM WIDMALM, G BROOKS, BR EGAN, W PASTOR, RW AF VENABLE, RM WIDMALM, G BROOKS, BR EGAN, W PASTOR, RW TI CONFORMATIONAL STATES OF A TT MISMATCH FROM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF DUPLEX D(CGCGATTCGCG) SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; BASE MISMATCHES; LONG-RANGE; DNA; THERMODYNAMICS; MINIMIZATION; ENERGY; HELIX; PAIRS AB The TT mismatch region in duplex d (CGCGATTCGCG) was studied using a 500-ps molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in water, and a series of 1-ps MD simulations and energy minimizations in vacuum. The DNA maintained its duplex structure, although the mismatch region showed significantly higher flexibility than the GC regions. The predominant conformation in the 500-ps MD simulation involved an average -42-degrees propeller twist between T6 and T'6 and a -22-degrees buckle between A5 and T'7. One hydrogen bond was formed between T6 and T'6 and another between T6 and the O2 of T'7, with both Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds between A5 and T'7 remaining intact. The minimizations resulted in conformations with the equivalent hydrogen-bonding pattern, as well as ones with "wobble pair" hydrogen bonds between T6 and T'6. However, the wobble pair conformation was found to be unstable in the water simulation. C1 NIH,DIV COMP RES & TECHNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP VENABLE, RM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD JUL PY 1992 VL 32 IS 7 BP 783 EP 794 DI 10.1002/bip.360320707 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA HZ941 UT WOS:A1992HZ94100006 PM 1391631 ER PT J AU HAND, PH CALVO, B MILENIC, D YOKOTA, T FINCH, M SNOY, P GARMESTANI, K GANSOW, O SCHLOM, J KASHMIRI, SVS AF HAND, PH CALVO, B MILENIC, D YOKOTA, T FINCH, M SNOY, P GARMESTANI, K GANSOW, O SCHLOM, J KASHMIRI, SVS TI COMPARATIVE BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A RECOMBINANT CHIMERIC ANTICARCINOMA MAB AND A RECOMBINANT AGLYCOSYLATED VARIANT SO CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE CHIMERIC ANTI-CARCINOMA MAB; AGLYCOSYLATED MAB; BIOLOGIC PROPERTIES ID MURINE MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN; EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; FC-RECEPTOR; B72.3; BINDING; CELLS; CARBOHYDRATE; COMPLEMENT AB It has been demonstrated previously that the degree of glycosylation of a molecule may alter its pharmacokinetic properties and, in the case of an antibody, its metabolism and other biological properties. Transfectomas producing aglycosylated chimeric B72.3(gamma-1) pancarcinoma monoclonal antibody (mAb) were developed by introduction of the eukaryotic expression construct pECMgpB72.3 HuG1-agly, into SP2/0 murine myeloma cells producing the chimeric kappa-chain of mAb B72.3. After cell cloning, one subclone with the highest binding to the TAG-72-positive human colon carcinoma was designated mAb aGcB72.3, and its biological and biochemical properties were compared with those of the chimeric B72.3(gamma-1), designated mAb CB72.3. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that under non-reducing conditions, the molecular masses of the aGcB72.3 and cB72.3 mAbs were 162 kDa and 166 kDa respectively. The heavy chain of mAb aGcB72.3 had a slightly faster mobility than that of cB72.3, while the mobility of the light chains of the two chimeric mAbs was similar. No difference was observed in the isoelectric points of either chimeric mAb. Liquid competition radioimmunoassays demonstrated that the aGcB72.3 and cB72.3 mAbs have comparable binding properties to TAG-72. These studies demonstrate that aglycosylation of the chimeric IgG1 mAb B72.3 at the C(H)2 domain, as has been shown for other mAbs [Dorai H., Mueller B., Reisfeld R.A., Gillies S.D. (1991) Hybridoma 10:211; Morrison S. L., Oi V. T. (1989) Adv Immunol 44:65], eliminates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity activity, but does not substantially alter affinity or plasma clearance in mice. These studies also demonstrate for the first time (a) no difference in plasma clearance of an aglycosylated and a chimeric mAb in a primate after i.v. inoculation; (b) a difference (P less-than-or-equal-to 0.05) in mice in the more rapid peritoneal clearance of a chimeric mAb versus an aglycosylated chimeric mAb; (c) higher (0.05 less-than-or-equal-to P less-than-or-equal-to 0.1) tumor: liver ratios at 24, 72 and 168 h using In-111-labeled aglycosylated chimeric mAb versus chimeric mAb. Since the liver is the major site of metastatic spread for most carcinomas, slight differences in tumor to normal liver ratios may be important in diagnostic applications. These studies thus indicate that comparative analyses of a novel recombinant construct (i.e., aglycosylated) and its standard chimeric counterpart require documentation in more than one system and are necessary if one is ultimately to define optimal recombinant/chimeric constructs for diagnosis and therapy in humans. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DEV PROD QUAL CONTROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,RADIAT ONCOL BRANCH,CHEM SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP HAND, PH (reprint author), NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 8B07,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-7004 J9 CANCER IMMUNOL IMMUN JI Cancer Immunol. Immunother. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 35 IS 3 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1007/BF01756183 PG 10 WC Oncology; Immunology SC Oncology; Immunology GA JF450 UT WOS:A1992JF45000003 PM 1638552 ER PT J AU PURI, RK AGGARWAL, BB AF PURI, RK AGGARWAL, BB TI HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 TAT GENE UP-REGULATES INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS ON A HUMAN B-LYMPHOBLASTOID CELL-LINE SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; EXPRESSION; HIV-1; IL-4; PROTEIN; RESPONSIVENESS; MECHANISMS; LESIONS AB The human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) regulatory gene, tat III is a powerful trans-activator of gene expression from the viral long terminal repeat and is essential for HIV replication. In addition, tat III protein has been shown to be immunosuppressive as indicated by the inhibition of antigen mediated T-cell proliferation. To further test whether tat III might play a direct role in the immunosuppressive effects of HIV-1 in addition to its role in virus replication, we examined the regulation of interleukin 4 (IL-4) receptors on a human B-lymphoblastoid cell line (Raji) transfected with HIV-1 tat gene (Raji-tat III). We used radioligand receptor binding analysis for cell surface expression and Northern blot analysis for the expression of human IL-4 receptor gene in Raji-tat III cells. Control Raji cells expressed 1383 +/- 361 (SE; n = 3) IL-4 binding sites/cell with a dissociation constant (K(d)) of 144 +/- 27 pm (n = 3). However, Raji-tat III cells expressed about three times higher IL-4 receptors (4000 +/- 633 IL-4 binding sites/cell; P < 0.03 compared to Raji cells) with a similar K(d) of 273 +/- 90 pm (n = 3; P > 0.05 compared to Raji cells). Whereas both Raji and Raji-tat III cells exhibited a single mRNA species (approximately 4 kilobases) of IL-4 receptors by Northern blot analysis, the mRNA level was about 3-fold higher in Raji-tat III cells compared to Raji cells. Cycloheximide inhibited the expression of IL-4 receptors by 50% in about 2 h in both cell types indicating both the half-life of IL-4 receptors and the requirement for protein synthesis for the tat III up-regulation of IL-4 receptors. Since IL-4 under certain circumstances has been shown to be immunosuppressant, our observation that the HIV-1 tat gene up-regulates IL-4 receptors suggests the possibility that the immunosuppressive effects of HIV-1 are mediated at least in part through IL-4 receptors. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT CLIN IMMUNOL & BIOL THERAPY,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,NIH BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B20,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Aggarwal, Bharat/G-3388-2013 NR 31 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 13 BP 3787 EP 3790 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JA764 UT WOS:A1992JA76400044 PM 1617647 ER PT J AU GRUBER, MF GERRARD, TL AF GRUBER, MF GERRARD, TL TI PRODUCTION OF MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (M-CSF) BY HUMAN MONOCYTES IS DIFFERENTIALLY REGULATED BY GM-CSF, TNF-ALPHA, AND IFN-GAMMA SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; GROWTH-FACTOR; INTERFERON-GAMMA; BLOOD MONOCYTES; GENE-EXPRESSION; INTERLEUKIN-1; PROLIFERATION; SECRETION; CELLS; PRECURSORS RP GRUBER, MF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B-11,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 31 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 142 IS 2 BP 361 EP 369 DI 10.1016/0008-8749(92)90297-3 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA JC939 UT WOS:A1992JC93900013 PM 1623556 ER PT J AU TURESKY, RJ ROSSI, SC WELTI, DH LAY, JO KADLUBAR, FF AF TURESKY, RJ ROSSI, SC WELTI, DH LAY, JO KADLUBAR, FF TI CHARACTERIZATION OF DNA ADDUCTS FORMED INVITRO BY REACTION OF NORMAL-HYDROXY-2-AMINO-3-METHYLIMIDAZO[4,5-F]QUINOLINE AND NORMAL-HYDROXY-2-AMINO-3,8-DIMETHYLIMIDAZO[4,5-F]QUINOXALINE AT THE C-8 AND N-2 ATOMS OF GUANINE SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; RAT-LIVER; CARCINOGEN N-HYDROXY-2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COVALENT BINDING; N-OXIDATION; INVIVO; IDENTIFICATION; CONFORMATION AB The covalent binding of the carcinogenic N-hydroxy metabolites of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MelQx) to deoxynucleosides and DNA was investigated in vitro. Two major adducts were formed by the reaction of the N-acetoxy derivatives of IQ and MelQx with deoxyguanosine (dG); however, no adducts were formed with deoxycytidine, deoxyadenosine, or thymidine. From proton NMR and mass spectroscopic characterization the adducts were identified as 5- (deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (dG-N2-IQ),N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (dG-C8-IQ), 5-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (dG-N2-MeIQx), and N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (dG-C8-MeIQx). The level of dG-C8 adducts was approximately 8-10 times greater than the amount of dG-N2 adducts formed from the reaction of dG with the N-acetoxy derivatives of IQ and MeIQx. The C-8-substituted dG adduct was also the major adduct formed from reactions of DNA with N-acetoxy-IQ and N-acetoxy-MeIQx. Approximately 60-80% of the bound carcinogens were recovered from DNA as dG-C8 adducts upon enzymatic digestion. The dG-N2 adducts also were detected and accounted for approximately 4% of the bound IQ and 10% of the bound MeIQx. These results suggest that the relative contributions of the nitrenium and carbenium ion resonance forms as well as DNA macromolecular structure are major determinants for DNA adduct substitution sites. Investigations on adduct conformation of H-1 NMR spectroscopy revealed that the anti form is preferred for the dG-N2 adducts of IQ and MeIQx, while the syn form is preferred for the dG-C8 adducts. The possible role of these adducts in the initiation of carcinogenesis is discussed. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP TURESKY, RJ (reprint author), NESTEC LTD,NESTLE RES CTR,VERS BLANC,CH-1000 LAUSANNE 26,SWITZERLAND. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 65 TC 146 Z9 147 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 5 IS 4 BP 479 EP 490 DI 10.1021/tx00028a005 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA JE609 UT WOS:A1992JE60900006 PM 1391614 ER PT J AU KADLUBAR, FF GUENGERICH, FP AF KADLUBAR, FF GUENGERICH, FP TI INDUCIBILITY OF HUMAN CYTOCHROMES P-450 PRIMARILY INVOLVED IN THE ACTIVATION OF CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CHLORINATED DIOXINS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS CY SEP 23-27, 1991 CL RESEARCH TRIANGLE PK, NC ID LUNG-CANCER; N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE; GENE; ENZYMES; MICROSOMES; INDUCTION; MARKER; DNA AB Of least 20 different cytochromes P-450 (CYPs) that have been found in human tissues, only 4 of these thus far have been shown to contribute to carcinogen metabolism to a major extent. There is wide interindividual variability for these CYP's in human populations that appear to arise from both genetic and environmental factors. CYP2E1, which catalyzes the oxidation of many low molecular weight compounds, including nitrosamines, halogenated hydrocarbons, and vinyl derivatives, is known to be inducible in humans by alcohol and is elevated in diabetics. CYP3A4, which plays a major role in the activation of mycotoxins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, and some aromatic amines, is inducible in humans by certain glucocorticoids and antibiotics. CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, which have been well-studied in animals as dioxin-inducible enzymes, are induced in humans by cigarette smoke and polyhalogenated biphenyls; and the latter is also induced by charbroiled meats, cruciferous vegetables, and the drug omeprazole. CYP1A1 appears to be important in polycyclic hydrocarbon activation, while CYP1A2 is primarily responsible for the N-oxidation of most carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37240. RP KADLUBAR, FF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUL PY 1992 VL 25 IS 1-2 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(92)90513-Q PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JN851 UT WOS:A1992JN85100048 ER PT J AU HENRY, S CRAMER, G BOLGER, M SPRINGER, J SCHEUPLEIN, R AF HENRY, S CRAMER, G BOLGER, M SPRINGER, J SCHEUPLEIN, R TI EXPOSURES AND RISKS OF DIOXIN IN THE UNITED-STATES FOOD-SUPPLY SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON CHLORINATED DIOXINS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS CY SEP 23-27, 1991 CL RESEARCH TRIANGLE PK, NC AB Dietary exposure and risk to background levels of dioxin in food have been evaluated using the results of recent food analyses. Meat and fish are identified as the major source of dietary exposure to dioxin. These estimates are compared to estimates developed using environmental modeling techniques and results of adipose tissue analyses. RP HENRY, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD JUL PY 1992 VL 25 IS 1-2 BP 235 EP 238 DI 10.1016/0045-6535(92)90522-S PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA JN851 UT WOS:A1992JN85100057 ER PT J AU COOPER, MR LIEBERMAN, R LAROCCA, RV GERNT, PR WEINBERGER, MS HEADLEE, DJ KOHLER, DR GOLDSPIEL, BR PECK, CC MYERS, CE AF COOPER, MR LIEBERMAN, R LAROCCA, RV GERNT, PR WEINBERGER, MS HEADLEE, DJ KOHLER, DR GOLDSPIEL, BR PECK, CC MYERS, CE TI ADAPTIVE-CONTROL WITH FEEDBACK-STRATEGIES FOR SURAMIN DOSING SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; DOSAGE; TRANSFORMATION; INHIBITION; CELLS; PHARMACOKINETICS; PERFORMANCE; REVERSAL; BINDING; DRUG AB Suramin, a drug used in the treatment of parasitic diseases, is currently being evaluated in clinical trials as an antineoplastic agent. The use of therapeutic drug monitoring and adaptive control with feedback in clinical trials of suramin was initially motivated by an association between acute neurologic toxicity and plasma suramin concentrations in excess of 350-mu-g/ml. We have prospectively examined the performance of both two- and three-compartment population pharmacokinetic models in controlling plasma suramin concentrations and have found that a three-compartment model best describes this drug. No correlation was found between the clearance of suramin and creatinine clearance, as had been previously hypothesized. The low systemic clearance of suramin and the number of parameters required to describe the three-compartment model suggest the need for a bayesian approach to the estimation of individual pharmacokinetics. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP COOPER, MR (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC TREATMENT,CLIN ONCOL PROGRAM,CLIN PHARMACOL BRANCH,BLDG 10,ROOM 12C103,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 41 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 52 IS 1 BP 11 EP 23 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JE053 UT WOS:A1992JE05300004 PM 1623689 ER PT J AU FEREBEE, A SIMONEAU, P CHANG, JJ BARILE, MF HU, PC AF FEREBEE, A SIMONEAU, P CHANG, JJ BARILE, MF HU, PC TI DIFFERENTIAL DETECTION OF MYCOPLASMA-PULMONIS AND MYCOPLASMA-ARTHRITIDIS WITH SPECIES-SPECIFIC DNA PROBES SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION; FRAGMENTS AB Mycoplasma pulmonis and Mycoplasma arthritidis are both significant causes of infection in colonies of rodents, which are common experimental animals for biomedical research. Since differential diagnosis has proven difficult due to similar homology between these two murine Mycoplasma species, the development of a reliable identification system is of importance. In this study DNA probes specific for M. pulmonis and M. arthritidis were generated after cross-hybridization between two reference strains and cloning of the specific DNA fragments into the pGEM-3 blue vector. Two clones, harboring plasmids pGEM-89 (specific for M. pulmonis) and pGEM-31 (specific for M. arthritidis) were selected based on their specificity upon colony hybridization and were used as species-specific probes. These probes could detect in dot blots 150 pg of M. pulmonis DNA or 300 pg of M. arthritidis DNA with no visible hybridization with up to 100 ng of heterologous DNA. When hybridized with dot blots of culture grown organisms, the pGEM-89 probe produced a positive signal with all 12 isolates of the M. pulmonis strains tested, but none of the four M. arthritidis, and vice versa for the pGEM-31 probe. We thus anticipate that these probes will be useful for routine detection and identification of mycoplasmal infections of rodents. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PEDIAT,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. OI Simoneau, Philippe/0000-0002-3890-9848 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL19171] NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 15 IS 5 BP 411 EP 415 DI 10.1016/0732-8893(92)90082-5 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA JB383 UT WOS:A1992JB38300005 PM 1643818 ER PT J AU AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH AF AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH TI INTERFERON-GAMMA DESTABILIZES GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR MESSENGER-RNA INDUCED BY INTERLEUKIN-1 IN MURINE ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 6 BP 756 EP 756 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA734 UT WOS:A1992JA73400198 ER PT J AU IWAI, Y COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH AF IWAI, Y COHEN, RB PLUZNIK, DH TI 2 DISTINCT PATHWAYS, DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT OF CA++, ARE INVOLVED IN GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE-COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR MESSENGER-RNA STABILIZATION IN MURINE T-CELLS SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 20 IS 6 BP 800 EP 800 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA734 UT WOS:A1992JA73400366 ER PT J AU DANIELS, DH JOE, FL WARNER, CR LONGFELLOW, SD FAZIO, T DIACHENKO, GW AF DANIELS, DH JOE, FL WARNER, CR LONGFELLOW, SD FAZIO, T DIACHENKO, GW TI SURVEY OF SULFITES DETERMINED IN A VARIETY OF FOODS BY THE OPTIMIZED MONIER-WILLIAMS METHOD SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article DE SULFITES; MONIER-WILLIAMS; SULFUR DIOXIDE; SURVEY; FOODS AB A survey of sulphite levels in a variety of foods including dried fruit, dried mashed potatoes, shrimp, canned mushrooms and fruit juices has been conducted. The levels found ranged from 0 ppm in orange juice to 3722 ppm as sulphur dioxide in dried fruit. The foods were analysed by the optimized Monier-Williams procedure. RP DANIELS, DH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 9 IS 4 BP 283 EP 289 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KF439 UT WOS:A1992KF43900001 PM 1493879 ER PT J AU COLLINS, MD ECKHOFF, C SLIKKER, W BAILEY, JR NAU, H AF COLLINS, MD ECKHOFF, C SLIKKER, W BAILEY, JR NAU, H TI QUANTITATIVE PLASMA DISPOSITION OF RETINOL AND RETINYL ESTERS AFTER HIGH-DOSE ORAL VITAMIN-A ADMINISTRATION IN THE CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT SMALL-INTESTINE; BINDING PROTEIN; ACYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PARENCHYMAL-CELLS; ACYL-COA; LIVER; ESTERIFICATION; MICROSOMES; ACID C1 FREE UNIV BERLIN,INST TOXIKOL & EMBRYONALPHARMAKOL,W-1000 BERLIN 33,GERMANY. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 19 IS 1 BP 109 EP 116 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90034-F PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JD216 UT WOS:A1992JD21600014 PM 1397791 ER PT J AU LAZAR, EJ BANKS, D GRAHAM, C ADAMS, D RHEINSTEIN, PH GROSS, M WITT, AM AF LAZAR, EJ BANKS, D GRAHAM, C ADAMS, D RHEINSTEIN, PH GROSS, M WITT, AM TI DRUG COMPANY SPONSORSHIP OF EDUCATION - THE RESPONSE TO THE FDA DRAFT CONCEPT PAPER SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP LAZAR, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 1 BP 53 EP 54 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JA165 UT WOS:A1992JA16500016 PM 1608109 ER PT J AU PLAKAS, SM KHOO, L BARRON, MG AF PLAKAS, SM KHOO, L BARRON, MG TI 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID DISPOSITION AFTER ORAL-ADMINISTRATION IN CHANNEL CATFISH SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIMETHYLAMINE SALT; 2,4-D; METABOLISM; EXCRETION; FISH AB The pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and excretion of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were examined in channel catfish after intravascular or oral administration (10 mg/kg of body weight). Plasma concentrations of parent 2,4-D exhibited a rapid, biphasic decline after intravascular administration with an elimination half-life of 0.76 h. After oral dosing, 2,4-D was rapidly and extensively absorbed; the absorption half-life was 1.5 h, and the bioavailability was 86%. Residue concentrations were highest in the excretory tissues, particularly in the trunk kidney; the muscle had the lowest concentrations (< 1 ppm) of any tissue analyzed. Residues were not found in most tissues at 24 h. Renal excretion was the dominant route of elimination; nearly 90% of the administered dose of 2,4-D was excreted unchanged in the urine in 24 h. Less than 1% of the dose was eliminated in the bile, mostly as polar metabolites. Although 2,4-D is extensively absorbed, the limited tissue distribution and rapid renal excretion result in a low potential for accumulation in the edible portions of channel catfish. C1 ENVIRONM SCI & ENGN INC,GAINESVILLE,FL 32602. RP PLAKAS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SEAFOOD RES,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 40 IS 7 BP 1236 EP 1239 DI 10.1021/jf00019a032 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JE892 UT WOS:A1992JE89200032 ER PT J AU BLOOM, J LEHMAN, P ISRAEL, M ROSARIO, O KORFMACHER, WA AF BLOOM, J LEHMAN, P ISRAEL, M ROSARIO, O KORFMACHER, WA TI MASS-SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 3 ANTHRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS - A COMPARISON OF THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY TO PARTICLE BEAM MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; METABOLITES; ADRIAMYCIN; DRUG; PYRILAMINE; DOXYLAMINE; PLASMA; URINE C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV PUERTO RICO,DEPT CHEM,RIO PIEDRAS,PR 00931. UNIV TENNESSEE CTR HLTH SCI,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL & MED CHEM,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP 223 EP 227 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA JE581 UT WOS:A1992JE58100004 PM 1501475 ER PT J AU CAIRNS, T AF CAIRNS, T TI REGULATORY MASS-SPECTROMETRY FOR PESTICIDE-RESIDUE ANALYSIS - PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Discussion ID TRACE LEVEL RESIDUES; EVOLVING CRITERIA; CONFIRMATION; FOOD; DRUGS RP CAIRNS, T (reprint author), US FDA,OFF REGULATORY AFFAIRS,LOS ANGELES DIST OFF,1521 W PICO BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 591 EP 593 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700001 ER PT J AU HELLER, DN AF HELLER, DN TI DETERMINATION OF LEUCOGENTIAN VIOLET IN CHICKEN FAT BY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH UV-DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; DEMETHYLATED METABOLITES; GENTIAN-VIOLET AB UV detection is proposed as an alternative to electrochemical detection for the determination of leucogentian violet (LGV) in chicken fat by liquid chromatography. UV detection was combined with a previously reported extraction technique and new chromatographic conditions to yield a method that was evaluated at the target level of 10 ppb. Baseline separation of LGV from matrix interferences was achieved with a C18 bonded silica column and a mobile phase of methanol-pH 4 ammonium acetate (90 + 10). Average recovery for samples fortified at 5, 10, and 20 ppb was 76.4%, with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 4.8%. Fat from chickens raised on feed medicated with 30 ppm gentian violet was found to contain 17.6 ppb LGV, with a CV of 7.9%, after a 3-day withdrawal period. The detection limit for the system used was estimated to be 0.4 ng, and the limit of quantitation for the method was estimated to be 2 ppb. RP HELLER, DN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV VET MED RES,BARC E,BLDG 328A,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 650 EP 654 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700008 ER PT J AU SCHENCK, FJ BARKER, SA LONG, AR AF SCHENCK, FJ BARKER, SA LONG, AR TI MATRIX SOLID-PHASE DISPERSION EXTRACTION AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF IVERMECTIN IN BOVINE LIVER-TISSUE SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; CHICKEN TISSUES; MILK; SULFONAMIDES; NICARBAZIN; RESIDUES AB A method for the isolation and liquid chromatographic (LC) determination of the antiparasitic drug ivermectin in bovine liver is presented. Liver samples (0.5 g) are blended with 2 g C18 (octadecylsilyl-derivatized silica packing material). A column made from the C18-liver matrix is washed with 3 mL hexane, then the ivermectin is eluted with methylene chloride-ethyl acetate (3 + 1). After purification by alumina solid-phase extraction, the ivermectin is derivatized and analyzed by LC with fluorescence detection. The overall recovery of ivermectin added to liver was 74.6%. The lowest level validated in tissue by the method was 10 ppb, and the limit of detection was 1 ppb. This method and a classical extraction method gave comparable results for a liver sample that contained incurred ivermectin residues. The method uses small volumes of solvents, has a limited number of sample manipulations, and does not require solvent partitioning or backwashing of extracts. These characteristics make this method attractive when compared to classical isolation procedures for ivermectin. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,SCH VET MED,DEPT VET PHYSIOL PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. US FDA,DENVER FED CTR,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80225. RP SCHENCK, FJ (reprint author), US FDA,BALTIMORE DIST,900 MADISON AVE,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 12 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 655 EP 658 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700009 ER PT J AU SCHENCK, FJ BARKER, SA LONG, AR AF SCHENCK, FJ BARKER, SA LONG, AR TI MATRIX SOLID-PHASE DISPERSION EXTRACTION AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF NICARBAZIN IN CHICKEN TISSUE SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; MILK; SULFONAMIDES; RESIDUES AB This method outlines the necessary steps for the isolation and determination of the drug nicarbazin in chicken liver and muscle tissue. Tissue samples were blended with octadecylsilyl-derivatized silica packing material (C18). A column made from the C18-tissue matrix is first washed with hexane, and then the 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) portion of the nicarbazin complex is eluted with acetonitrile. After further cleanup using alumina cartridge chromatography, DNC is determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with UV detection at 340 nm. Recoveries based on DNC were 95.8 and 83.7% from liver and muscle tissues, respectively. This method and a classical ethyl acetate extraction method gave comparable results on 4 chicken liver and 3 muscle samples that contained incurred nicarbazin residues. C18 sorbents form different manufacturers as well as lipophilic sorbents other than C18 were also studied. The proposed extraction and cleanup procedure requires less than 30 mL solvent, fewer sample manipulations, and does not require solvent partitioning or backwashing of extracts. This combination of characteristics makes this method more attractive than classical isolation procedures for nicarbazin. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,SCH VET MED,DEPT VET PHYSIOL PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. US FDA,DENVER FED CTR,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80225. RP SCHENCK, FJ (reprint author), US FDA,BALTIMORE DIST,900 MADISON AVE,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 659 EP 662 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700010 ER PT J AU DAFT, JL AF DAFT, JL TI HEADSPACE METHOD FOR RAPID-DETERMINATION OF METHYL-BROMIDE IN ASSORTED NUT SAMPLES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE; RESIDUES; FUMIGATION; CHEMICALS; SPICES; FRUIT; FOODS AB A headspace method has been developed for the rapid, safe determination of methyl bromide (MeBr) in raw and processed nuts. Fifty grams of frozen nut meats is blended 3 min at high speed in 200-250 mL aqueous solution in a sealed 1 L blender cup fitted with a septum port on its cover. The cup is equilibrated 10 min in a 25-degrees-C water bath. Two 250 +/- 150-mu-L aliquots of the sample headspace gas are sequentially removed with a gas-tight syringe and injected into a dual column/dual detector gas chromatograph. One determination is made with a GS-Q wide-bore capillary column and a Hall electrolytic conductivity detector, the other with a packed column, 20% OV-101 on Chromosorb W(HP), and a Ni-63 electron capture detector. The average variation for the manual injections is about 5% for both colunm/detector systems. To prevent random emission of MeBr during the determination, dated standards, headspace wastes, and electron capture detection effluent are passed through liquid traps. The overall recovery of MeBr from fortified samples is about 40%; the coefficient of variation is 29%. Eighteen assorted nut samples were analyzed on both systems at a quantitation limit of < 100 ng/g; no detectable MeBr was found. RP DAFT, JL (reprint author), US FDA,1009 CHERRY ST,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 701 EP 706 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700018 ER PT J AU HOPPER, ML MCMAHON, B GRIFFITT, KR CLINE, K FLEMINGJONES, ME KENDALL, DC AF HOPPER, ML MCMAHON, B GRIFFITT, KR CLINE, K FLEMINGJONES, ME KENDALL, DC TI ANALYSIS OF FATTY AND NONFAT FOODS FOR CHLOROPHENOXY ALKYL ACIDS AND PENTACHLOROPHENOL SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID TOTAL DIET AB A multiresidue method has been developed to analyze low-level residues of chlorophenoxy alkyl acids and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in fatty and nonfat foods. The acidified sample is extracted, cleaned up using gel permeation chromatography, methylated by ion-pair alkylation with tetrabutyl-ammonium hydroxide and methyl iodide, cleaned up using Florisil, and determined by gas chromatography using electron capture and/or electrolytic conductivity detectors. Recoveries ranged from 53 to 75% for 2,4-D at 200 ppb, 61 to 93% for 2,4,5-T at 80 ppb, and 76 to 84% for PCP at 20 ppb fortified in a variety of food items. Also, 31 other herbicides were evaluated through this procedure. RP HOPPER, ML (reprint author), US FDA,TOTAL DIET RES CTR,1009 CHERRY ST,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 7 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 707 EP 713 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700019 ER PT J AU KENYON, AS KIRCHHOEFER, RD LAYLOFF, TP AF KENYON, AS KIRCHHOEFER, RD LAYLOFF, TP TI TRAINING MODULES TO DEVELOP ANALYTICAL PROFICIENCY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB As a part of a training program for new personnel in pharmaceutical analysis and for visiting scientists from other government laboratories, the Division of Drug Analysis (DDA) developed training modules to raise the job performance of incoming college students, technical aides, and newly hired chemists to an acceptable level. The modules include Liquid Chromatography, Gas Chromatography, Dissolution Testing, Thin-Layer Chromatography, Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry, Infrared Spectrophotometry, and Data Collection and Recording (as related to preparing worksheets in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration). Each module is designed to be delivered in minimal time. By using a combination of commercial audiovisual materials and a training concept developed at DDA, the targeted group can be trained with minimal supervision. This approach does not require experienced analysts to be placed as full-time, one-on-one trainers; thus, the cost of the training is cut. The training scheme could be extended to other applications in industry, academia, or government by targeting training modules to their characteristic operation. These modules are also used as refresher courses for experienced analysts who have not practiced these techniques recently. The modular concept provides an excellent way to train employees quickly. RP KENYON, AS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 742 EP 746 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700026 ER PT J AU KIJAK, PJ AF KIJAK, PJ TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF IVERMECTIN IN BOVINE-MILK - INTERLABORATORY STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; AVERMECTINS; POTENT AB A laboratory trial was completed for an analytical method that can quantitate the marker residue of ivermectin, 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a, in bovine milk at 1 ng/mL. Currently, ivermectin is not approved for use in lactating dairy cows. In this method, the ivermectin residues are isolated from the milk matrix by a series of liquid-liquid extractions. A fluorescent derivative of the marker compound is prepared and then quantified by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The interlaboratory study was successfully completed by using dosed milk and milk fortified with marker residue at 1, 2, and 4 ng/mL. The average recoveries by the 3 participating laboratories were 87, 59, and 95% at 1 ng/mL; 90, 61, and 96% at 2 ng/mL; and 90, 73, and 99% at 4 ng/mL. The concentrations of the marker residue in the dosed milk were 4.3, 3.7, and 4.7 ng/mL; coefficients of variation were 4.0, 24.8, and 5.9%, respectively. RP KIJAK, PJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,BLDG 328-A,BARC-E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 6 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 747 EP 750 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700027 ER PT J AU MARKUS, JR ORANGERS, J AF MARKUS, JR ORANGERS, J TI ANIMAL DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP MARKUS, JR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 756 EP 756 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700029 ER PT J AU MARKUS, J SHERMA, J AF MARKUS, J SHERMA, J TI METHOD-1 - LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY FLUORESCENCE DETERMINATION OF IVERMECTIN IN ANIMAL TISSUE AND PLASMA SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. LAFAYETTE COLL,DEPT CHEM,EASTON,PA 18042. NR 1 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 757 EP 767 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700030 ER PT J AU MARKUS, J SHERMA, J AF MARKUS, J SHERMA, J TI METHOD-2 - LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY FLUORESCENCE CONFIRMATORY ASSAY OF IVERMECTIN IN CATTLE, SHEEP, AND SWINE LIVER-TISSUES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. LAFAYETTE COLL,DEPT CHEM,EASTON,PA 18042. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 75 IS 4 BP 767 EP 771 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JF687 UT WOS:A1992JF68700031 ER PT J AU SACCHI, CT PESSOA, LL RAMOS, SR MILAGRES, LG CAMARGO, MCC HIDALGO, NTR MELLES, CEA CAUGANT, DA FRASCH, CE AF SACCHI, CT PESSOA, LL RAMOS, SR MILAGRES, LG CAMARGO, MCC HIDALGO, NTR MELLES, CEA CAUGANT, DA FRASCH, CE TI ONGOING GROUP-B NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS EPIDEMIC IN SAO-PAULO, BRAZIL, DUE TO INCREASED PREVALENCE OF A SINGLE CLONE OF THE ET-5 COMPLEX SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; ANTIBODIES; SEROTYPES; ENGLAND; WALES AB Beginning in 1988, the incidence of meningococcal disease in the area of greater Sao Paulo began to surpass the upper confidence limit of an 8-year average incidence (from 1979 to 1986), thus characterizing a new epidemic in the region of greater Sao Paulo. This epidemic, which extended to 1990, was different from previous epidemics in that it was caused by serogroup B. The increased incidence of meningococcal disease was paralleled by an increased prevalence of a single group B clone, B:4:P1.15, of the ET-5 complex. ET-5 strains have been present in the greater SAo Paulo area since 1979; however, they have been associated with a high percentage of the group B disease only from 1987 to the present. On the basis of the increased incidence of group B disease in Sao Paulo, a mass vaccination program with a serotype 4:P1.15 meningococcal protein vaccine was undertaken. The impact of this vaccination program is under analysis. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. ADOLFO LUTZ INST,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. CTR EPIDEMIOL VIGILANCE,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. NATL INST PUBL HLTH,OSLO 1,NORWAY. NR 13 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1734 EP 1738 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HZ759 UT WOS:A1992HZ75900020 PM 1629328 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, RL AF WILLIAMS, RL TI DOSAGE REGIMEN DESIGN - PHARMACODYNAMIC CONSIDERATIONS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID D-TUBOCURARINE; BETA BLOCKADE; PHARMACOKINETICS; KINETICS; MODELS; PLASMA RP WILLIAMS, RL (reprint author), CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF GENER DRUGS,HFD 600,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 32 IS 7 BP 597 EP 602 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JE696 UT WOS:A1992JE69600003 PM 1639996 ER PT J AU ZHANG, K SAXON, A MAX, EE AF ZHANG, K SAXON, A MAX, EE TI 2 UNUSUAL FORMS OF HUMAN IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E ENCODED BY ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING OF EPSILON-HEAVY CHAIN MEMBRANE EXONS SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PROCESSING PATHWAYS; MESSENGER-RNAS; GENE SEQUENCE; MU GENE; SEGMENTS; DUPLICATION; ISOFORMS; DOMAINS; CELLS AB We present evidence for RNA transcripts encoding two forms of human epsilon-immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain that differ significantly from those of other isotypes. We previously demonstrated three human epsilon-mRNA species, instead of the two, corresponding to membrane and secreted proteins, seen with other heavy chain transcripts. In human genomic DNA downstream of the C-epsilon gene, we identified sequences homologous to the two putative murine exons M1 (encoding a hydrophobic, presumably transmembrane region) and M2 (encoding hydrophilic residues). To determine the structures of epsilon-transcripts containing these sequences, we amplified epsilon-related RNAs with the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RNA was examined from fresh human B cells stimulated to IgE production by interleukin 4 plus anti-CD40, as well as from the human IgE-producing line AF10. Instead of the single CH4-M1-M2 splice product predicted for murine membrane IgE, we found two other RNA species. One form has the structure CH4-M1'-M2, in which M1' includes the human sequence homologous to the murine M1 as well as a unique segment of 52 codons further upstream in the genomic sequence; this RNA species apparently encodes the IgE expressed on the membrane of IgE-producing lymphocytes. The other RNA has the structure CH4-M2', in which M2' is spliced in an alternative reading frame that includes an additional 109 codons downstream of the termination codon of the CH4-M1'-M2 form. Because the CH4-M2' mRNA form does not encode a hydrophobic segment, its translated product should be secreted. A secreted epsilon-protein of approximately the size predicted for this form was identified by Western blotting. This novel IgE protein could play a significant and distinctive role in allergic disorders. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL ALLERGY,HART & LOUISE LYON LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-15251, AI-15332] NR 28 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD JUL 1 PY 1992 VL 176 IS 1 BP 233 EP 243 DI 10.1084/jem.176.1.233 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JA759 UT WOS:A1992JA75900024 PM 1613458 ER PT J AU MARKOWITZ, LE ALBRECHT, P ORENSTEIN, WA LETT, SM PUGLIESE, TJ FARRELL, D AF MARKOWITZ, LE ALBRECHT, P ORENSTEIN, WA LETT, SM PUGLIESE, TJ FARRELL, D TI PERSISTENCE OF MEASLES ANTIBODY AFTER REVACCINATION SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Note ID PLAQUE-NEUTRALIZATION TEST; VACCINE; VIRUS AB To evaluate persistence of measles antibody after revaccination, antibody levels were measured 6 years after revaccination of 40 hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody-negative students who had participated in a serosurvey in Massachusetts. Twelve subjects who had been HAI antibody-positive and were not revaccinated were included as a comparison group. Before revaccination, 7 revaccinees had no detectable plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) antibody (group 1) and 33 had low levels of PRN antibody (group 2). Three weeks after revaccination, all in group 1 and 30 (90%) of 33 in group 2 had developed a fourfold or greater rise in PRN antibody. Six years after revaccination, all subjects had PRN-detectable antibody. However, 12 in group 2 (36%) had antibody titers less-than-or-equal-to 1:120 compared with none in group 1 (P < .01). Persons without PRN antibody will respond to revaccination and maintain protective antibody titers. In contrast, persons with low levels of PRN antibody may respond initially to revaccination, but their antibody titers may fall again to low levels. C1 US FDA,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. MASSACHUSETTS STATE DEPT PUBL HLTH,BUR COMMUNICABLE DIS CONTROL,DIV EPIDEMIOL,BOSTON,MA. RP MARKOWITZ, LE (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR PREVENT SERV,DIV IMMUNIZAT,INFORMAT SERV,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 12 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 166 IS 1 BP 205 EP 208 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA HZ746 UT WOS:A1992HZ74600036 PM 1607699 ER PT J AU PENNINGTON, JAT AF PENNINGTON, JAT TI THE 1990 REVISION OF THE FDA TOTAL DIET STUDY SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION LA English DT Article AB Information from the 1987-88 USDA Nationwide Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) was used to revise the food list and diets of the Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Study. The 1990 Total Diet Study contains 265 core foods that will be used to estimate contaminant and nutrient intakes for 14 age-sex categories. The core foods were selected by aggregating the foods consumed by the selected age-sex categories into 265 groups. A food within each group was selected to represent the group. For each age-sex category, the daily gram weight intake of each food within each group was assigned to the core food. These estimates of daily intakes of the 265 foods represent approximately the same weight and caloric intake of average diets for the 14 age-sex categories using 3,571 foods, of the NFCS database. Nutrient intakes of diets calculated on the basis of the 3,571 foods and the 265 Total Diet Study foods were similar. RP PENNINGTON, JAT (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0022-3182 J9 J NUTR EDUC JI J. Nutr. Educ. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 24 IS 4 BP 173 EP 178 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA JL258 UT WOS:A1992JL25800002 ER PT J AU LISTGARTEN, MA COHN, S PHILSTROM, B HORROWITZ, B HORROWITZ, HS DAGOSTINO, RB ZIMMERMAN, SO CHILTON, NW GOODSON, JM DEROUEN, T HOBERMAN, D BEST PAGE, RC KENT, RL LASTER, LL HUJOEL, PP VANDEROUDERAA, F SOUTHARD, GL AF LISTGARTEN, MA COHN, S PHILSTROM, B HORROWITZ, B HORROWITZ, HS DAGOSTINO, RB ZIMMERMAN, SO CHILTON, NW GOODSON, JM DEROUEN, T HOBERMAN, D BEST PAGE, RC KENT, RL LASTER, LL HUJOEL, PP VANDEROUDERAA, F SOUTHARD, GL TI PRINCIPLES AND CHOICES IN STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS OF DENTAL ORAL RESEARCH STUDIES (OR CLINICAL-TRIALS) GENERAL DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Discussion C1 FED TRADE COMMISS,WASHINGTON,DC 20580. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV TEXAS,HOUSTON,TX 77025. TASK FORCE DESIGN & ANAL,LAWRENCEVILLE,NJ. FORSYTH DENT CTR,BOSTON,MA. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. US FDA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94102. UNILEVER RES LABS,WIRRAL L62 4XN,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. ATRIX LABS,FT COLLINS,CO. RP LISTGARTEN, MA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 358 EP 361 PN 2 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA JF125 UT WOS:A1992JF12500013 ER PT J AU PHILSTROM, BL KINGMAN, A CHILTON, NW IMREY, PB COHEN, M DAGOSTINO, RB HOBERMAN, D FLEISS, JL HOROWITZ, HS PROSKIN, HM LASTER, LL TRUMMEL, CL CATON, J AF PHILSTROM, BL KINGMAN, A CHILTON, NW IMREY, PB COHEN, M DAGOSTINO, RB HOBERMAN, D FLEISS, JL HOROWITZ, HS PROSKIN, HM LASTER, LL TRUMMEL, CL CATON, J TI BIOLOGICAL AND MEASUREMENT ISSUES CRITICAL TO DESIGN OF GINGIVITIS TRIALS (BRIEF SUMMARY OF COMMON GROUND) - GENERAL DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Discussion C1 NIDR,BETHESDA,MD 20892. TASK FORCE DESIGN & ANAL,LAWRENCEVILLE,NJ. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. USN DENT RES,GREAT LAKES,IL. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. EASTMAN DENT CTR,ROCHESTER,NY 14620. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV CONNECTICUT,STORRS,CT 06268. RP PHILSTROM, BL (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 373 EP 377 PN 2 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA JF125 UT WOS:A1992JF12500018 ER PT J AU HOBERMAN, D AF HOBERMAN, D TI PERIODONTAL SITES OR PATIENTS AS THE EXPERIMENTAL UNIT SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON EQUIVALENCY AND SUPERIORITY CLAIMS FOR PRODUCTS FOR GINGIVITIS AND PERIODONTITIS CY MAY 14-16, 1991 CL CHICAGO, IL SP ATRIX LABS, CHESEBROUGH PONDS, CHURCH & DWIGHT, COLGATE PALMOLIVE, JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER PROD, ORAL B LABS, PROTER & GAMBLE, SMITHKLINE BEECHAM CONSUMER PROD, UNILEVER RES, VIPONT PHARM DE SITE; INDEPENDENT ERRORS; STANDARD ERROR; RHO RP HOBERMAN, D (reprint author), US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 417 EP 419 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01707.x PN 2 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA JF125 UT WOS:A1992JF12500025 PM 1507030 ER PT J AU IMREY, PB DEROUEN, T BEST LISGARTEN, MA PAGE, R HOBERMAN, D PHILSTROM, BL JEFFCOAT, M POLSON, AM CASSINGHAM, JR CHILTON, NW BURRELL, KH KENT, RL GOODSON, JM AF IMREY, PB DEROUEN, T BEST LISGARTEN, MA PAGE, R HOBERMAN, D PHILSTROM, BL JEFFCOAT, M POLSON, AM CASSINGHAM, JR CHILTON, NW BURRELL, KH KENT, RL GOODSON, JM TI SPECIFIC STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS RELEVANT TO DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF GINGIVITIS TRIALS - DESIGN ISSUES SPECIFIC TO STUDIES OF PERIODONTITIS - GENERAL DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Discussion C1 US FDA, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV PENN, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35294 USA. ARRIX LABS, FT COLLINS, CO USA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. TASK FORCE DESIGN & ANAL, LAWRENCEVILLE, NJ USA. AMER DENT ASSOC, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA. FORSYTH DENT CTR, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. RP IMREY, PB (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS, URBANA, IL 61801 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 420 EP 424 PN 2 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA JF125 UT WOS:A1992JF12500026 ER PT J AU KINGMAN, A HOBERMAN, D ZIMMERMAN, S FLEISS, JL LASTER, LL HORROWITZ, HS IMREY, PB WOODALL, I DAGOSTINO, RB PIHLSTROM, BL POLSON, AM CLARK, W JEFFCOAT, M CRAWFORD, JM VINCENT, JW CHILTON, NW AF KINGMAN, A HOBERMAN, D ZIMMERMAN, S FLEISS, JL LASTER, LL HORROWITZ, HS IMREY, PB WOODALL, I DAGOSTINO, RB PIHLSTROM, BL POLSON, AM CLARK, W JEFFCOAT, M CRAWFORD, JM VINCENT, JW CHILTON, NW TI ISSUES OF INDIVIDUAL STUDY ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF STUDIES SPECIFIC TO EVALUATION OF STUDIES OF PERIODONTITIS - GENERAL DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Discussion C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV TEXAS,HOUSTON,TX 77025. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL DENT,URBANA,IL 61801. VIPONT PHARMACEUT INC,FT COLLINS,CO. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. ATRIX LABS,FT COLLINS,CO. UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. UNIV ALABAMA,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. WARNER LAMBERT PARKE DAVIS,MORRIS PLAINS,NJ. TASK FORCE DESIGN & ANAL,LAWRENCEVILLE,NJ. RP KINGMAN, A (reprint author), NIDR,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0022-3484 J9 J PERIODONTAL RES JI J. Periodont. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 27 IS 4 BP 450 EP 454 PN 2 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA JF125 UT WOS:A1992JF12500032 ER PT J AU TANNER, J AF TANNER, J TI PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE ON METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY .1. APRIL 21-27, 1991 - PREFACE SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Editorial Material RP TANNER, J (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 160 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA JF677 UT WOS:A1992JF67700001 ER PT J AU SHIRAI, M AKATSUKA, T PENDLETON, CD HOUGHTEN, R WYCHOWSKI, C MIHALIK, K FEINSTONE, S BERZOFSKY, JA AF SHIRAI, M AKATSUKA, T PENDLETON, CD HOUGHTEN, R WYCHOWSKI, C MIHALIK, K FEINSTONE, S BERZOFSKY, JA TI INDUCTION OF CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS TO A CROSS-REACTIVE EPITOPE IN THE HEPATITIS-C VIRUS NONSTRUCTURAL RNA POLYMERASE-LIKE PROTEIN SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; TOXIC LYMPHOCYTES-T; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUS; NON-A-HEPATITIS; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS; FINE SPECIFICITY; CYTO-TOXICITY AB Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been found to mediate protection in vivo against certain virus infections. CTL also may play an important role in control of infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV), but no CTL epitopes have yet been defined in any HCV protein. The nonstructural protein with homology to RNA polymerase should be a relatively conserved target protein for CTL. To investigate the epitope specificity of CTL specific for this protein, we used 28 peptides from this sequence to study murine CTL. Mice were immunized with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the HCV nonstructural region corresponding to the flavivirus NS5 gene (RNA polymerase), and the primed spleen cells were restimulated in vitro with peptides. CTL from H-2d mice responded to a single 16-residue synthetic peptide (HCV 2422 to 2437). This relatively conserved epitope was presented by H-2d class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to conventional CD4- CD8+ CTL but was not recognized by CTL restricted by H-2b. Moreover, exon shuffle experiments using several transfectants expressing recombinant D(d)/L(d) and K(d) demonstrated that this peptide is seen in association with alpha-1 and alpha-2 domains of the D(d) class I MHC molecule. This peptide differs from the homologous segments of this nonstructural region from three other HCV isolates by one residue each. Variant peptides with single amino acid substitutions were made to test the effect of each residue on the ability to sensitize targets. Neither substitution affected recognition. Therefore, these conservative mutations affected peptide interaction neither with the D(d) class I MHC molecule nor with the T-cell receptor. Because these CTL cross-react with all four sequenced isolates of HCV in the United States and Japan, if human CTL display similar cross-reactivity, this peptide may be valuable for studies of HCV diagnosis and vaccine development. Our study provides the first evidence that CD8+ CTL can recognize an epitope from the HCV sequence in association with a class I MHC molecule. C1 NCI,METAB BRANCH,MOLEC IMMUNOGENET & VACCINE RES SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. TORREY PINES INST MOLEC STUDIES,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RI Yang, Chen/G-1379-2010 NR 69 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 66 IS 7 BP 4098 EP 4106 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA HY086 UT WOS:A1992HY08600013 PM 1376366 ER PT J AU HOLSON, RR AF HOLSON, RR TI EUTHANASIA BY DECAPITATION - EVIDENCE THAT THIS TECHNIQUE PRODUCES PROMPT, PAINLESS UNCONSCIOUSNESS IN LABORATORY RODENTS SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE EUTHANASIA; DECAPITATION; PAIN; HYPOXIA; CONSCIOUSNESS; ANIMAL CARE AND USE ID RAT-BRAIN; EEG AB Rapid euthanasia of laboratory rodents without the use of anesthesia is a necessary research technique whenever there is the likelihood of anesthesia or stress interfering with the chemistry of the tissues under investigation. Decapitation has long been the procedure of choice under such circumstances. Recently, however, the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) panel on euthanasia recommended that decapitation be avoided on the grounds that the decapitated head may be conscious and suffering for as much as 15 seconds. The panel further recommended that if decapitation was scientifically necessary, the decapitated head be immediately immersed in liquid nitrogen. These AVMA guidelines now enjoy regulatory status; the recommendation that decapitation be avoided has thus caused considerable difficulty for all research requiring rapid, anesthesia-free collection of tissues. The scientific validity of these recommendations is consequently a matter of great practical as well as theoretical importance. The decision to discourage decapitation appears to have been based on a single literature report claiming that the EEG of the decapitated head revealed conscious suffering for more than 10 seconds (Mikeska and Klemm 1976). This review carefully examines the scientific literature on this subject. It is concluded that the report by Mikeska and Klemm of EEG activation in the decapitated head is correct, but that this phenomenon is also seen when the decapitated head is under deep anesthesia, and in normal brains under ether anesthesia or during REM sleep. Hence these findings do not demonstrate either consciousness or the perception of pain. Furthermore, a substantial body of research indicates that unconsciousness due to hypoxia must occur in the decapitated head in at most 6 and more probably less than 3 seconds. Moreover, even if the decapitated head is conscious for some seconds, high cervical section immediately severs sensory input from the head and neck region to the brain. Thus, the severed head is anatomically incapable of experiencing substantial pain in the region of major trauma. Finally, no evidence was found to support the recommendation that the severed head be immersed in liquid nitrogen. It is, accordingly, urged that the AVMA panel recognize that decapitation produces rapid, pain-free unconsciousness in rodents, and that they alter their recommendations to allow rodent decapitation without qualification. Due to the rapidity of unconsciousness, it is further urged that the disposition of the severed head be left up to the investigator, without requiring immersion in liquid nitrogen or any other mandatory technique. RP HOLSON, RR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 14 IS 4 BP 253 EP 257 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90004-T PG 5 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA JH725 UT WOS:A1992JH72500004 PM 1522830 ER PT J AU CALVERT, RJ SATCHITHANANDAM, S AF CALVERT, RJ SATCHITHANANDAM, S TI EFFECTS OF GRADED-LEVELS OF HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT CARRAGEENAN ON COLONIC MUCOSAL THYMIDINE KINASE-ACTIVITY SO NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE CARRAGEENAN; CELL PROLIFERATION; COLON; THYMIDINE KINASE ID DIETARY FIBER; CELL-PROLIFERATION; 1,2-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE; RAT; TUMORS; CARCINOGENESIS; INDUCTION AB Graded levels of high-molecular-weight carrageenan were fed to male Fischer 344 rats to investigate the effects of carrageenan on colonic cell proliferation. Four groups of 7 rats consumed diets containing 0 (control), 0.65, 1.31, or 2.61% carrageenan ad libitum for 4 wk. These levels were designed to simulate (on a milligram-per-kilogram basis) 25, 50, and 100 times the maximal human carrageenan intake. After an overnight fast, the rats were anesthetized, and the colonic mucosa was removed and homogenized. A supernatant was prepared and assayed for total protein and thymidine kinase activity (a marker for cell proliferation). Increasing levels of carrageenan resulted in stepwise increases in total mucosal protein and in thymidine kinase specific (units per milligram of protein) and total (units per centimeter of colon) activity. However, increases in thymidine kinase activity were statistically significant only at the highest dose of carrageenan. No histological abnormalities were associated with any level of carrageenan feeding. These results suggest a clear dose-response increase in colonic mucosal cell proliferation with increasing doses of carrageenan; however, the effect at doses approximating 19 times maximal human intake was not statistically different from that for control rats under the conditions of this study. RP CALVERT, RJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,HFF-268,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0899-9007 J9 NUTRITION JI Nutrition PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 8 IS 4 BP 252 EP 257 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JD827 UT WOS:A1992JD82700005 PM 1498457 ER PT J AU SCALZO, FM AF SCALZO, FM TI CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPONSES TO FEEDING IN NEWBORN PIGLETS SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; NEONATAL PIGLETS; PIGS; SHR; RAT AB Cardiovascular responses to feeding have been observed in several species during various periods of development and have been implicated in the development of cardiovascular regulation. In the rat, these responses are characterized by short-lasting, large increases in blood pressure (BP) and moderate increases in heart rate. These responses appear to be sympathetically mediated because pretreatment with ganglionic blockers eliminates the increase in BP associated with milk ingestion. The present study was designed to determine if similar cardiovascular responses occur during feeding in the newborn piglet. Piglets were obtained on postnatal d 2 and fed a milk diet via automatic feeder 6 times a day. On postnatal d 6, the piglets were instrumented with an external carotid artery catheter and an internal jugular vein catheter. On postnatal d 8 and 9, direct arterial BP and heart rate were recorded during feeding. BP responses to milk ingestion were immediate, and they reached a maximum increase of 50% above baseline on both test days and followed a response profile similar to that previously described in the 15-d-old rat. An increase in heart rate was also observed, reaching a maximum of 42% above baseline. The results show that early in life piglets have large cardiovascular responses to milk ingestion similar to those observed in young rats and human infants. These responses appear to model the cardiovascular responses to feeding observed in human infants and might be useful as a noninvasive method for assessing neonatal autonomic reactivity. These responses also have the potential to cause adverse effects in newborns already at risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. C1 ARKANSAS CHILDRENS HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72202. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SCALZO, FM (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,MS-512B,4301 W MARKHAM ST,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-06319] NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 32 IS 1 BP 33 EP 38 DI 10.1203/00006450-199207000-00007 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA HZ976 UT WOS:A1992HZ97600006 PM 1353260 ER PT J AU KAUFFMAN, RE BANNER, W BERLIN, C GORMAN, RL LAMBERT, GH WILSON, G BENNETT, DR CORDERO, JF TOMICH, P LICATA, SA KAUFMAN, P TROENDLE, G YAFFE, SJ COTE, CJ SNODGRASS, W TEMPLE, AR AF KAUFFMAN, RE BANNER, W BERLIN, C GORMAN, RL LAMBERT, GH WILSON, G BENNETT, DR CORDERO, JF TOMICH, P LICATA, SA KAUFMAN, P TROENDLE, G YAFFE, SJ COTE, CJ SNODGRASS, W TEMPLE, AR TI RETINOID THERAPY FOR SEVERE DERMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 AMER MED ASSOC,CHICAGO,IL 60610. CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. AMER COLL OBSTETRICIANS & GYNECOLOGISTS,WASHINGTON,DC. PHARMACEUT MANUFACTURERS ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 5 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 90 IS 1 BP 119 EP 120 PN 1 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA JA854 UT WOS:A1992JA85400030 ER PT J AU HALL, CB EASTON, JG GRANOFF, DM GROMISCH, DS HALSEY, NA KOHL, S MARCUSE, EK MARKS, MI NANKERVIS, GA PICKERING, LK SCOTT, GB STEELE, RW PETER, G BART, KJ BROOME, CV HARDEGREE, MC JACOBS, RF MACDONALD, NE AF HALL, CB EASTON, JG GRANOFF, DM GROMISCH, DS HALSEY, NA KOHL, S MARCUSE, EK MARKS, MI NANKERVIS, GA PICKERING, LK SCOTT, GB STEELE, RW PETER, G BART, KJ BROOME, CV HARDEGREE, MC JACOBS, RF MACDONALD, NE TI ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS VACCINES - RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USE AS THE 4TH-DOSE AND 5TH-DOSE SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID TETANUS TOXOIDS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; CHILDREN; DIPHTHERIA; INFANTS; BOOSTER C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. AMER THORAC SOC,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 1992 VL 90 IS 1 BP 121 EP 123 PN 1 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA JA854 UT WOS:A1992JA85400031 ER PT J AU BARKDOLL, GL AF BARKDOLL, GL TI SCOPING VERSUS COPING - DEVELOPING A COMPREHENSIVE AGENCY VISION SO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW LA English DT Article AB Is it possible to establish an effective strategic planning process in government agencies that operate under the constraints of the annual budget cycle? Gerald L. Barkdoll believes so, and offers the case of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as an example. Through a "scoping initiative" started in 1989, FDA officials began a 15-month process that led to a comprehensive and analytic vision of the agency's future and the forces that would shape it. The overall result was a modest enhancement of the budgeting process as well as a long-range strategic plan for the agency. Barkdoll reviews both the positive and negative lessons emerging from the FDA scoping initiative. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP BARKDOLL, GL (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PUBLIC ADMIN PI WASHINGTON PA 1120 G STREET WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3352 J9 PUBLIC ADMIN REV JI Public Adm. Rev. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 52 IS 4 BP 330 EP 338 DI 10.2307/3110392 PG 9 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA HZ265 UT WOS:A1992HZ26500003 ER PT J AU POHLAND, AE NESHEIM, S FRIEDMAN, L AF POHLAND, AE NESHEIM, S FRIEDMAN, L TI OCHRATOXIN A - A REVIEW - (TECHNICAL REPORT) SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID BALKAN ENDEMIC NEPHROPATHY; SINGLE-STRAND BREAKS; TISSUE-CULTURE CELLS; UNITED-STATES WHEAT; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; BROILER-CHICKENS; PORCINE NEPHROPATHY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; RENAL-FUNCTION; A RESIDUES AB Ochratoxin A is a mycotoxin of current interest from a public health point of view; consequently, a considerable effort has been and is being expended to document human and animal exposure to this mycotoxin and the consequences of such exposure. This paper reviews the current status of knowledge with respect to ochratoxin A. RP POHLAND, AE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,RES DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,HFF-422,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 130 TC 165 Z9 167 U1 3 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0033-4545 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 64 IS 7 BP 1029 EP 1046 DI 10.1351/pac199264071029 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA JA210 UT WOS:A1992JA21000010 ER PT J AU CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL ANTONSEN, RG RUETER, FG SLAYTON, RJ SULEIMAN, OH AF CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL ANTONSEN, RG RUETER, FG SLAYTON, RJ SULEIMAN, OH TI AVERAGE RADIATION-DOSE IN STANDARD CT EXAMINATIONS OF THE HEAD - RESULTS OF THE 1990 NEXT SURVEY SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT), RADIATION EXPOSURE; HEAD, CT; RADIATIONS, EXPOSURE TO PATIENTS AND PERSONNEL ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; DOSIMETRY; SYSTEMS AB In 1990, as part of the Nationwide Evaluation of X-ray Trends (NEXT) program, 252 computed tomographic (CT) systems were evaluated to measure radiation doses associated with standard head CT in adults. The multiple-scan average dose (MSAD) was used as the dose descriptor. For most of the systems, the MSAD at the mid-point on the central axis of a standard dosimetry phantom was between 34 and 55 mGy. Doses were as high as 140 mGy, and dose sometimes varied by a factor of two or more for identical CT units. This range indicates that dose can potentially be reduced by careful selection of standard CT techniques. Users of CT systems should be aware of radiation dose delivered with CT, dose ranges associated with different systems, and doses delivered with their particular unit, which requires that dose performance of CT systems be assessed by means of a protocol that allows comparison of data collected for identical and/or different units. RP CONWAY, BJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICE & RADIOL HLTH,CDRH HFZ-240,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 9 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD JUL PY 1992 VL 184 IS 1 BP 135 EP 140 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA HZ682 UT WOS:A1992HZ68200028 PM 1609069 ER PT J AU CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS SIEGMUND, E WEBER, M AF CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS SIEGMUND, E WEBER, M TI IMPROVEMENTS IN ION-TRAP CHEMICAL-IONIZATION PERFORMANCE SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB Ion-trap chemical-ionization performance has been improved by application of a modified scan function for the rejection of the undesired electron-ionization-like (EI-like) ions formed at the beginning of the reaction ionization period. The net effect of this software modification to the automatic reaction control is to produce chemical ionization (CI) spectra that are no longer adulterated with concentration-dependent EI-like ions. Under such improved conditions, CI spectra from an ion trap can now be directly compared with CI spectra produced on conventional quadrupole and magnet-scanning instruments. C1 FINNIGAN MAT CORP,SAN JOSE,CA 95134. RP CAIRNS, T (reprint author), US FDA,OFF REGULATORY AFFAIRS,LOS ANGELES DIST LAB,1521 W PICO BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 1 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 6 IS 7 BP 449 EP 453 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290060709 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA JD635 UT WOS:A1992JD63500008 PM 1638045 ER PT J AU CAREY, RF HERMAN, WA RETTA, SM RINALDI, JE HERMAN, BA ATHEY, TW AF CAREY, RF HERMAN, WA RETTA, SM RINALDI, JE HERMAN, BA ATHEY, TW TI EFFECTIVENESS OF LATEX CONDOMS AS A BARRIER TO HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-SIZED PARTICLES UNDER CONDITIONS OF SIMULATED USE SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; CHEMICAL BARRIERS; RADIO-TELEMETRY; HUMAN COITUS AB Condoms were tested in an in vitro system simulating key physical conditions that can influence viral particle leakage through condoms during actual coitus. The system quantitatively addresses pressure, pH, temperature, surfactant properties, and anatomical geometry. A suspension of fluorescence-labeled, 110-nm polystyrene microspheres models free human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in semen, and condom leakage is detected spectrofluorometrically. Leakage of HIV-sized particles through latex condoms was detectable (P < 0.03) for as many as 29 of the 89 condoms tested. Worst-case condom barrier effectiveness (fluid transfer prevention), however, is shown to be at least 10(4) times better than not using a condom at all, suggesting that condom use substantially reduces but does not eliminate the risk of HIV transmission. RP CAREY, RF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 24 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL-AUG PY 1992 VL 19 IS 4 BP 230 EP 234 DI 10.1097/00007435-199207000-00009 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA JE766 UT WOS:A1992JE76600009 PM 1411838 ER PT J AU STANKOGOLDEN, KM FITZGERALD, JW SWANK, WT AF STANKOGOLDEN, KM FITZGERALD, JW SWANK, WT TI SULFUR PROCESSING IN SOIL FROM HIGH AND LOW ELEVATION FORESTS IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS OF THE UNITED-STATES SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC SULFUR; SULFATE ADSORPTION; MINERALIZATION; VARIETY; CARBON; FLOOR AB Samples of A, E, and B horizons, collected from a high and a low elevation watershed, were analyzed for their capacity to adsorb sulfate, generate organic S and mobilize organic S. Sulfate adsorption potentials were significantly greater in soil from the high elevation watershed compared to that from the low elevation watershed. Only A horizon samples from the two watersheds were statistically different in their capacity to synthesize organic S, although when these samples were incubated at ambient soil temperatures, no statistical difference in organic S formation was observed. Soil moisture, carbon, pH and S constituents were quantified and relationships between these variables and S processing potentials were determined. With high elevation samples, carbon content was positively correlated with organic S formation rates (r = 0.90; P less-than-or-equal-to 0.005). Sulfonate S was the major S constituent of these soils; however, insoluble ester was the major S constituent in samples from the low elevation watershed. A 60-70% increase in organic S formation rates was observed after amendment with cellobiose with samples from all horizons of the low elevation watershed, indicating that soil from this watershed may be energy deficient in terms of organic S formation. Attempts were made to determine which S processes may be involved in ecosystem-level responses currently being observed with these watersheds. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT MICROBIOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. FDA,ENVIRONM IMPACT SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FOREST SERV,SE FOREST EXPT STN,OTTO,NC 28763. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 24 IS 7 BP 693 EP 702 DI 10.1016/0038-0717(92)90048-3 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA JC725 UT WOS:A1992JC72500010 ER PT J AU GAO, P CHOU, MW AF GAO, P CHOU, MW TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON HEPATIC NUCLEAR-DNA DAMAGE IN MALE FISCHER-344 RATS TREATED WITH AFLATOXIN-B(1) SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE RAT; CALORIC RESTRICTION; AFLATOXIN-B(1); DNA STRAND BREAKAGE; AFLATOXIN-B(1) DNA BINDING ID DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; MAMMARY TUMORIGENESIS; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID; FOOD RESTRICTION; ADDUCT FORMATION; APURINIC SITES; CELLS; LIVER; CARCINOGENESIS; SYSTEM AB Caloric restriction is known to reduce chemically-induced tumor incidence in laboratory animals. The effect is believed to be mediated in part by modification of hepatic drug metabolism, including both phase I and phase II enzymes. Using aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) as a model carcinogen, we studied the effect of caloric restriction on the modification of rat liver nuclear DNA by AFB1 and DNA damage due to the formation of apurinic sites from the AFB1-DNA adduct removal process. Caloric restriction reduced the metabolic activation of AFB1 which resulted in a decrease of AFB1-DNA binding by more than 50%. The results of the study of the effect of caloric restriction on the AFB1-induced DNA strand breakage assayed by the alkaline unwinding technique showed that caloric restriction protected the formation of apurinic sites from the AFB1-DNA adducts and reduced the double strand DNA breakages by 1.3-2.5-fold. Thus, the lower initial AFB1-DNA binding and less DNA damage, presumably by the less apurinic sites formed during the depurination process of AFB1-DNA adducts, contributed to the protective effect of caloric restriction. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JUL PY 1992 VL 61 IS 2-3 BP 233 EP 242 DI 10.1016/0378-4274(92)90150-I PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JG051 UT WOS:A1992JG05100012 PM 1641870 ER PT J AU MINCHIN, RF REEVES, PT TEITEL, CH MCMANUS, ME MOJARRABI, B ILETT, KF KADLUBAR, FF AF MINCHIN, RF REEVES, PT TEITEL, CH MCMANUS, ME MOJARRABI, B ILETT, KF KADLUBAR, FF TI N-ACETYLATION AND O-ACETYLATION OF AROMATIC AND HETEROCYCLIC AMINE CARCINOGENS BY HUMAN MONOMORPHIC AND POLYMORPHIC ACETYLTRANSFERASES EXPRESSED IN COS-1 CELLS SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; HUMAN-LIVER; PHENOTYPE; CANCER; MUTAGENS; CLONING C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FLINDERS UNIV,DEPT CLIN PHARMACOL,ADELAIDE,AUSTRALIA. RP MINCHIN, RF (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA,DEPT PHARMACOL,NEDLANDS,WA 6009,AUSTRALIA. NR 26 TC 251 Z9 253 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUN 30 PY 1992 VL 185 IS 3 BP 839 EP 844 DI 10.1016/0006-291X(92)91703-S PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JB541 UT WOS:A1992JB54100007 PM 1627140 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA TAYLOR, MR MARYANSKI, JH FLAMM, EL KAHL, LS AF KESSLER, DA TAYLOR, MR MARYANSKI, JH FLAMM, EL KAHL, LS TI THE SAFETY OF FOODS DEVELOPED BY BIOTECHNOLOGY SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ENZYMES C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV FOOD & COLOR ADDIT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,POLICY,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 11 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 26 PY 1992 VL 256 IS 5065 BP 1747 EP & DI 10.1126/science.1615315 PG 0 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JA434 UT WOS:A1992JA43400011 PM 1615315 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PARALLEL TRACK POLICY ISSUED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 24 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 24 BP 3262 EP 3262 DI 10.1001/jama.267.24.3262 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HY944 UT WOS:A1992HY94400007 PM 1597900 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI ACCELERATED APPROVAL SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 24 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 24 BP 3262 EP 3262 DI 10.1001/jama.267.24.3262 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HY944 UT WOS:A1992HY94400006 PM 1597900 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI SILICONE BREAST IMPLANT DECISION SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 24 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 24 BP 3262 EP 3262 DI 10.1001/jama.267.24.3262 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HY944 UT WOS:A1992HY94400005 PM 1597900 ER PT J AU HANSEN, EB ABIAN, J GETEK, TA CHOINSKI, JS KORFMACHER, WA AF HANSEN, EB ABIAN, J GETEK, TA CHOINSKI, JS KORFMACHER, WA TI HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF GIBBERELLINS SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID IDENTIFICATION AB Seven tetracyclic monocarboxylic acid gibberellins (GA1, GA3, GA4, GA5, GA7, GA9 and GA30) and the methyl ester derivatives of GA1, GA3, GA4, GA7 and GA9 were analyzed using combined high-performance liquid chromatography-thermospray mass spectrometry or direct injection thermospray mass spectrometry. The seven free acid GAs were resolved using a 25-min water-acetonitrile (0.1 M ammonium acetate) gradient mobile phase and a 5-mu-m, 150 mm x 4.6 mm, ODS column. Positive-ion thermospray mass spectra of these compounds typically showed intense [M + NH4]+ ions and few, if any, fragment ions. In the negative-ion mode (filament on) the free acid GAs showed [M - H]- or [M + HCO2] - ions as the base peaks. Negative-ion spectra of the methyl ester GAs showed the [M + HCO2]- ions, however, the base peaks were [M]-. or [M + HCO2H] - ions attributed to electron capture processes. Thermospray tandem mass spectra were obtained for GA1, GA3 and GA30 from the collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) of their [M + NH4]+ ions. The CAD mass spectra show differences which allow the differentiation of the isomers GA3 and GA30 without the chromato-graphic separation. The daughter ions resulting from fragmentation processes corresponded to varying losses of CO, CO2, ammonia and water. C1 UNIV CENT ARKANSAS,DEPT BIOL,CONWAY,AR 72032. RP HANSEN, EB (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM HFT 230,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. RI Abian, Joaquin/M-1965-2014 OI Abian, Joaquin/0000-0003-2823-5429 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JUN 19 PY 1992 VL 603 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(92)85357-Y PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JB262 UT WOS:A1992JB26200018 ER PT J AU MILLER, DW HERRENOSAENZ, D HUANG, KH HEINZE, TM FU, PP AF MILLER, DW HERRENOSAENZ, D HUANG, KH HEINZE, TM FU, PP TI SYNTHESIS OF NITROPOLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS WITH THE SUBSTITUENT AT THE LONGEST AXIS SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL MUTAGENICITY; NITRO SUBSTITUENT; NITRATION; FLUORANTHENE; ORIENTATION; 6-NITROBENZOPYRENE; NITROARENES; DERIVATIVES; METABOLISM RP MILLER, DW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD JUN 19 PY 1992 VL 57 IS 13 BP 3746 EP 3748 DI 10.1021/jo00039a049 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA HZ903 UT WOS:A1992HZ90300049 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI THE BASIS OF THE FDAS DECISION ON BREAST IMPLANTS SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 233 Z9 235 U1 1 U2 5 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 18 PY 1992 VL 326 IS 25 BP 1713 EP 1715 DI 10.1056/NEJM199206183262525 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HY628 UT WOS:A1992HY62800032 PM 1309171 ER PT J AU MOORE, RM DAVIS, YM KACZMAREK, RG AF MOORE, RM DAVIS, YM KACZMAREK, RG TI THE ROLE OF THE VETERINARIAN IN HURRICANES AND OTHER NATURAL DISASTERS SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD JUN 16 PY 1992 VL 653 BP 367 EP 375 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb19663.x PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM564 UT WOS:A1992JM56400042 PM 1626885 ER PT J AU BARBATO, G IKURA, M KAY, LE PASTOR, RW BAX, A AF BARBATO, G IKURA, M KAY, LE PASTOR, RW BAX, A TI BACKBONE DYNAMICS OF CALMODULIN STUDIED BY N-15 RELAXATION USING INVERSE DETECTED 2-DIMENSIONAL NMR-SPECTROSCOPY - THE CENTRAL HELIX IS FLEXIBLE SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MODEL-FREE APPROACH; STOCHASTIC SIMULATIONS; TROPONIN-C; 3D NMR; PROTEINS; C-13; MACROMOLECULES; ASSIGNMENT; CRYSTAL; BINDING AB The backbone dynamics of Ca2+-saturated recombinant Drosophila calmodulin has been studied by N-15 longitudinal and transverse relaxation experiments, combined with N-15{H-1} NOE measurements. Results indicate a high degree of mobility near the middle of the central helix of calmodulin, from residue K77 through S81, with order parameters (S2) in the 0.5-0.6 range. The anisotropy observed in the motion of the two globular calmodulin domains is much smaller than expected on the basis of hydrodynamic calculations for a rigid dumbbell type structure. This indicates that, for the purposes of N-15 relaxation, the tumbling of the N-terminal (L4-K77) and C-terminal (E82-S147) lobes of calmodulin is effectively independent. A slightly shorter motional correlation time (tau(c) almost-equal-to 6.3 ns) is obtained for the C-terminal domain compared to the N-terminal domain (tau(c) almost-equal-to 7.1 ns), in agreement with the smaller size of the C-terminal domain. A high degree of mobility, with order parameters of approximately 0.5, is also observed in the loop that connects the first with the second EF-hand type calcium binding domain and in the loop connecting the third and fourth calcium binding domain. C1 NIDDKD,CHEM PHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Barbato, Gaetano/G-4904-2011 NR 42 TC 794 Z9 798 U1 6 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 16 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 23 BP 5269 EP 5278 DI 10.1021/bi00138a005 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HZ176 UT WOS:A1992HZ17600005 PM 1606151 ER PT J AU AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH AF AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH TI INTERLEUKIN-4 INHIBITS INTERLEUKIN-1-ALPHA INDUCED GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR GENE-EXPRESSION IN A MURINE LYMPHOCYTE-B CELL-LINE VIA DOWN-REGULATION OF RNA PRECURSOR SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; FACTOR-I INTERLEUKIN-4; HUMAN T-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; BONE-MARROW; RECEPTOR EXPRESSION; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; IL-4; GROWTH C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,RM 3B19,HFB-800,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 51 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 15 PY 1992 VL 79 IS 12 BP 3188 EP 3195 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA HY946 UT WOS:A1992HY94600010 PM 1596564 ER PT J AU SAEKI, T STROMBERG, K QI, CF GULLICK, WJ TAHARA, E NORMANNO, N CIARDIELLO, F KENNEY, N JOHNSON, GR SALOMON, DS AF SAEKI, T STROMBERG, K QI, CF GULLICK, WJ TAHARA, E NORMANNO, N CIARDIELLO, F KENNEY, N JOHNSON, GR SALOMON, DS TI DIFFERENTIAL IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF AMPHIREGULIN AND CRIPTO IN HUMAN NORMAL COLON AND COLORECTAL TUMORS SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GROWTH FACTOR-ALPHA; CARCINOMA CELL-LINES; FACTOR RECEPTORS; MESSENGER-RNA; BREAST-CANCER; FACTOR-BETA; EXPRESSION; MODEL; GENE; ADENOCARCINOMAS AB Thirty-six primary human colorectal tumors, 43 noninvolved colon samples that were adjacent to either carcinomas or adenomas, 22 adenomas, and nine normal colon specimens were immunohistochemically examined for the presence and localization of two epidermal growth factor-related peptides, amphiregulin (AR) and cripto. Within the primary tumors, 18 (50%) showed moderate levels of AR expression. Approximately 60% of the tubular and tubulovillous adenomas were positive for AR expression, whereas only 15% of the adjacent, noninvolved colon mucosa expressed AR. A greater proportion of well-differentiated tumors (71%) were positive for AR expression than were poorly differentiated tumors (18%). All of the nine normal colon specimens were positive. Consequently, AR expression appeared to be associated with both normal and malignant epithelial cells that were more differentiated. The distribution of cripto expression was different. Seventy-nine % of the colon tumors expressed cripto with a frequency of expression that was approximately equivalent between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated tumors. Approximately 86% of the tubulovillous adenomas, but only 43% of the tubular adenomas, were positive for cripto expression. In contrast, whereas AR was expressed in normal colon specimens, none of these tissues expressed cripto, and only 12% of the noninvolved normal colon samples adjacent to tumors or adenomas were positive for cripto. Cripto expression therefore appeared related to neoplasia. These data suggest that AR and cripto may be functioning as potential autocrine and/or paracrine growth factors in the colon and that the differential expression of cripto may serve as a potential tumor marker for colonic carcinogenesis. C1 NCI,DIV CANC BIOL & DIAG,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. HAMMERSMITH HOSP,IMPERIAL CANC RES FUND,MOLEC ONCOL LAB,LONDON W12 0H8,ENGLAND. HIROSHIMA UNIV HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,MINAI KU,HIROSHIMA,JAPAN. NAPLES UNIV,FAC MED & CHIRURG 2,CATTEDRA ONCOL MED,I-80131 NAPLES,ITALY. OI Ciardiello, Fortunato/0000-0002-3369-4841; Normanno, Nicola/0000-0002-7158-2605 NR 48 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JUN 15 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 12 BP 3467 EP 3473 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HY054 UT WOS:A1992HY05400035 PM 1596904 ER PT J AU BOSWELL, CM IRWIN, DC GOODNIGHT, J STEIN, KE AF BOSWELL, CM IRWIN, DC GOODNIGHT, J STEIN, KE TI STRAIN-DEPENDENT RESTRICTED VH AND VL USAGE BY ANTIBACTERIAL LEVAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BINDING MYELOMA PROTEINS; AUTOANTIBODIES RHEUMATOID FACTORS; VARIABLE REGION SEQUENCES; HEAVY-CHAIN; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SUBCLASS RESTRICTION; GERM-LINE; B-CELLS; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AB The immune response to polysaccharides is highly regulated and has several distinguishing features, including restricted clonotype and isotype expression. The basis for this highly restricted response is not fully understood. To address these questions in a systematic manner, we have generated a panel of 102 mAb from CBA/CaHN (CBA/Ca) and BALB/cAnN (BALB/c) mice after one and two injections of bacterial levan (BL), a beta(2-->6)-linked polyfructosan with beta(2-->1)-linked fructose branch points (inulin determinant, In). This panel of mAb was examined for isotype, fine specificity, VH and VL region gene family usage and relationships between these parameters. After one or two injections of BL in both strains, mAb were IgM and IgG3. Fine specificity and VH/VL gene family usage differed markedly, however, between the two strains. Only 4% (2/51) of CBA/Ca mAb recognized the In determinant, whereas 77% (40/51) of BALB/c mAb recognized this epitope. In both strains, VH usage was restricted and certain families were overrepresented. In CBA/Ca mice, the overall response to BL was dominated by VHJ558 (45%, 23/51), the largest VH family, but VH36-60 (27%, 14/51) and VHJ606 (25%, 13/51) were also highly utilized and overrepresented. In BALB/c mice, the overall response to BL was dominated by VHJ606 (79%, 39/49 designated), a relatively small VH family. More importantly, after a single immunization with BL one particular VH/VL pair (VHJ606/V-kappa-11) was used by 88% (36/41) of BALB/c mAb and was associated with In reactivity. In summary, BALB/c and CBA/Ca responses to BL differ in fine specificity and VH/VL usage. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BLDG 29,ROOM 532,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 89 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 15 PY 1992 VL 148 IS 12 BP 3864 EP 3872 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HY056 UT WOS:A1992HY05600024 PM 1602134 ER PT J AU HILLMAN, K QIAN, JH SIEGEL, JN RODERIQUEZ, G BLACKBURN, R MANISCHEWITZ, J NORCROSS, M GOLDING, H AF HILLMAN, K QIAN, JH SIEGEL, JN RODERIQUEZ, G BLACKBURN, R MANISCHEWITZ, J NORCROSS, M GOLDING, H TI REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HIV-1 INFECTION OF ETHYL-METHANESULFONATE-TREATED CEM SUBCLONES CORRELATES WITH A BLOCKADE IN THEIR PROTEIN-KINASE-C SIGNALING PATHWAY SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NF-KAPPA-B; T-CELL ACTIVATION; NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; NUCLEAR-PROTEIN; PHORBOL ESTERS; HTLV-III/LAV AB We have described the isolation of chemically induced CEM subclones that express CD4 receptors and bind soluble gp120, yet show a markedly reduced susceptibility to infection with HIV-1. Two subclones were found to have an abnormal response to the protein kinase C (PKC) activator PMA. PMA treatment induced CD3 and CD25 (IL-2R) receptors on the parental line and on other ethyl-methanesulfonate-derived subclones, but not on these two mutants. Direct assays of PKC activity were conducted. Total cellular PKC enzymatic activity was found to be normal in these subclones. PMA-induced CD4 down-modulation occurred normally. In addition, activation of c-raf kinase was normal. Since HIV-1 long terminal repeat contains two functional nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) regulatory elements, we studied the ability of PMA to induce NF-kB binding activity by different assays. Chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) assays using the HIV-1 (-139)long terminal repeat-CAT construct showed no PMA induction of CAT activity in these subclones (unlike the parental line and other subclones). Okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A, did not overcome the defect in these subclones. Gel retardation assays, using a P-32-probe containing the HIV-1 NF-kB probe and nuclear extracts from PMA-treated cells, showed significantly reduced induction of nuclear NF-kB binding proteins in these two subclones compared with wild type CEM and a control subclone. Deoxycholate treatment of cytoplasmic extracts from these subclones released much reduced NF-kB binding proteins from their cytoplasmic pools. Thus, reduced levels of PKC-induced nuclear NF-kB activity in two T cell subclones did not affect their normal cell growth, but correlated with a pronounced reduction in their susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. C1 US FDA, CBER,DIV VIROL,FDA BLDG 29A,ROOM 2C15, HFB 555,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, CBER, DIV CYTOKINE BIOL, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NICHHD, CELL BIOL & METAB BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUN 15 PY 1992 VL 148 IS 12 BP 3991 EP 3998 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HY056 UT WOS:A1992HY05600041 PM 1351090 ER PT J AU WEAVER, JL PINE, PS DUTSCHMAN, G CHENG, YC LEE, KH ASZALOS, A AF WEAVER, JL PINE, PS DUTSCHMAN, G CHENG, YC LEE, KH ASZALOS, A TI PREVENTION OF BINDING OF RGP120 BY ANTI-HIV ACTIVE TANNINS SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Note ID REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; AIDS AGENTS AB Several tannins with anti-HIV activity have been described previously (Nanaka et al., J Nat Prod 53: 587-595, 1990). We have shown that the tannins Chebulinic acid and punicalin were able to block the binding of HIV rgp120 to CD4. These compounds were not toxic to stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes at concentrations ten times above their maximal effective concentration. C1 US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,CDER,HFD-471,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH PHARM,CHAPEL HILL,NC. NR 4 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD JUN 9 PY 1992 VL 43 IS 11 BP 2479 EP 2480 DI 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90328-G PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HZ255 UT WOS:A1992HZ25500023 PM 1610410 ER PT J AU KAINE, LA CROWE, JB WOLNIK, KA AF KAINE, LA CROWE, JB WOLNIK, KA TI FORENSIC APPLICATIONS OF COUPLING NONSUPPRESSED ION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ION-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB Non-suppressed ion-exchange chromatography coupled with ion-exclusion chromatography separates carboxylic acids and inorganic ic anions in one isocratic run. The sample is injected into an ion-exclusion column, which provides separation of weak acid anions. The void volume of the ion-exclusion column is collected on-line and injected into an anion-exchange column, which separates the strong acid anions found there. Samples are described in which inorganic anion as well as carboxylic acid interferences were removed by coupled ion chromatography, Additionally, the practicality of the coupled system for forensic sample screening is discussed. RP KAINE, LA (reprint author), US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,1141 CENT PKWY,CINCINNATI,OH 45202, USA. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JUN 5 PY 1992 VL 602 IS 1-2 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(92)80074-5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA HZ914 UT WOS:A1992HZ91400021 ER PT J AU GRUBER, MF HEWLETT, IK SIMMS, T VUJCIC, L MANISCHEWITZ, J GOLDING, H AF GRUBER, MF HEWLETT, IK SIMMS, T VUJCIC, L MANISCHEWITZ, J GOLDING, H TI STUDY OF VIRAL REPLICATION IN HIV-1-INFECTED CEM T-CELL SUBCLONES WHICH ARE REDUCED IN THEIR ABILITY TO FORM SYNCYTIA SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; HTLV-III/LAV; HIV-1 ENTRY; EXPRESSION; ACTIVATION; CD4; LYMPHOCYTES; INFECTION; AMPLIFICATION AB The derivation of ethyl-methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenized subclones from the CEM T-cell line has been described. These clones expressed CD4 and bound soluble gp120, however, two of the generated clones were markedly reduced in their ability to form syncytia after infection with either gp160-vaccinia vector or cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Here, we asked at what stage(s) viral infection is blocked in these cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed that at 6 and 72 h postinfection with HIV-1, cells of the syncytia-deficient clones expressed markedly reduced amounts of viral-specific DNA compared with cells of the parental line or the syncytia-positive clones. Long-term cultures revealed a marked delay in the appearance of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in the supernatants of these subclones when compared with the parental line and viral replication did not lead to massive cell death. Syncytia formation in HIV-1-infected cultures of the syncytia-deficient subclones was enhanced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) when added 24 h postinfection. In contrast, pretreatment with TNF-alpha for 48 h followed by washing and infection of the cells with HIV-1 augmented syncytia formation of the syncytia-positive subclones, but not of the syncytia-negative subclones. Thus, the EMS-mutagenized subclones may provide a tool to study host cell factors required for the establishment of a productive HIV-1 infection and responsiveness to TNF-alpha. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GRUBER, MF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B-11,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1139 EP 1146 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.1139 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JG873 UT WOS:A1992JG87300020 PM 1380260 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH MCGINNIS, TJ AF RHEINSTEIN, PH MCGINNIS, TJ TI MEDICATION ERRORS SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN PY 1992 VL 45 IS 6 BP 2720 EP 2722 PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HY084 UT WOS:A1992HY08400025 PM 1595519 ER PT J AU CLARK, JA GROSS, TP AF CLARK, JA GROSS, TP TI PAIN AND CYANOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH ALPHA-1-PROTEINASE INHIBITOR SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY; PROTAMINE; THERAPY AB PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate adverse reaction reports of pain and/or cyanosis attributed to alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (A1PI), a plasma alpha-globulin protein used to treat A1PI deficiency. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Spontaneous Reporting System for the collection and analysis of suspected adverse reactions to drugs and biologics was searched for all reports with dates from January 1, 1988, through October 31, 1989, in which A1PI was named as the suspect biologic. A case of pain and/or cyanosis was dermed and characteristics of cases were compared with all other reactions. Information about the production of A1PI and results from animal studies conducted by the manufacturer were also gathered. RESULTS: Fourteen cases of acute chest pain, back pain and/or cyanosis among patients receiving A1PI infusions were reported to the FDA. The clinical aspects of reported cases were consistent with a rapidly acting, nonallergic mechanism and were easily distinguished from other reactions associated with A1PI. The characteristics of reported cases, the epidemic curve, and lot-specific analyses suggested a point source and strongly implicated two A1PI lots. Information about the production of A1PI and results from animal studies further implicated high-molecular-weight polysaccharides associated with sucrose stabilization of the suspect lots. CONCLUSION: These cases resemble adverse reactions attributed to complexes of protamine and heparin (a mucopolysaccharide). Similar vasoactive mechanisms are suggested. Research is needed to further define the pathophysiology associated with polysaccharide moieties. C1 US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH HFD733,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 92 IS 6 BP 621 EP 626 DI 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90780-F PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HY439 UT WOS:A1992HY43900008 PM 1534964 ER PT J AU MERKATZ, R COUIG, MP AF MERKATZ, R COUIG, MP TI HELPING AMERICA TAKE ITS MEDICINE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 92 IS 6 BP 56 EP & PG 0 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA JB756 UT WOS:A1992JB75600018 PM 1605281 ER PT J AU CRANE, NT LEWIS, CJ YETLEY, EA AF CRANE, NT LEWIS, CJ YETLEY, EA TI DO TIME TRENDS IN FOOD-SUPPLY LEVELS OF MACRONUTRIENTS REFLECT SURVEY ESTIMATES OF MACRONUTRIENT INTAKE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; CONSUMPTION; FAT; DIET AB Background. Two types of data may be used to estimate trends in food and nutrient intake by the US population: per capita food supply estimates and survey estimates of individual intake. Because these data vary markedly in measurement goals and methods, we examined whether trends in food supply and survey intake estimates for fat, carbohydrate, and protein are reflective of one another. Methods. The data selected for comparison included all available survey estimates of mean intake by the US population (i.e., periodic estimates from 1965 to 1988) and all available per capita food supply estimates from a comparable time period (i.e., annual estimates from 1965 to 1985). Results. The two types of data generally did not reflect the same trends. Furthermore, expressing macronutrient levels as percentage of calories rather than in grams affected the trend relationships. Conclusions. Our findings indicate that caution is needed in the selection and application of available data to estimate trends in macronutrient intake by the US population and in the interpretation of these data with regard to public health research, policies, and programs. RP CRANE, NT (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR HFF265,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUN PY 1992 VL 82 IS 6 BP 862 EP 866 DI 10.2105/AJPH.82.6.862 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HW165 UT WOS:A1992HW16500016 PM 1585965 ER PT J AU SHEPPARD, BS CARUSO, JA HEITKEMPER, DT WOLNIK, KA AF SHEPPARD, BS CARUSO, JA HEITKEMPER, DT WOLNIK, KA TI ARSENIC SPECIATION BY ION CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRIC DETECTION SO ANALYST LA English DT Article DE ARSENIC SPECIATION; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY; ARGON CHLORIDE POLYATOMIC INTERFERENCE ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INTERFERENCE; CHLORIDE AB Four As compounds were successfully separated and detected by single-column ion chromatography with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometric detection. The mass spectral interferent ArCl+ was reduced by chromatographically resolving chloride from the negatively charged arsenic species. Determination of four As species was investigated in urine, club soda and wine. Detection limits of 0.16 ng of As(III), 0.26 ng of As(V), 0.073 ng of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and 0.18 ng of methylarsonic acid (MMA) in wine were obtained. Sensitivity was further improved by using an He-Ar mixed gas ICP as the ionization source. However, the intensity of the ArCl+ interference was also increased using this plasma. Detection limits of 0.063 ng of As(III), 0.037 ng of As(V), 0.032 ng of DMA and 0.080 ng of MMA in club soda were achieved using the He-Ar plasma source. Similar limits of detection were found in urine and wine. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT CHEM,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,CINCINNATI,OH 45202. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 03221, ES 04908]; ORS NIH HHS [SIORRO2714] NR 17 TC 133 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0003-2654 J9 ANALYST JI Analyst PD JUN PY 1992 VL 117 IS 6 BP 971 EP 975 DI 10.1039/an9921700971 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA HZ053 UT WOS:A1992HZ05300008 PM 1503234 ER PT J AU HOLAK, W SPECCHIO, JJ AF HOLAK, W SPECCHIO, JJ TI DETERMINATION OF NITRITE AND NITRATE BY DIFFERENTIAL PULSE POLAROGRAPHY WITH SIMULTANEOUS NITROGEN PURGING SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID CHEMI-LUMINESCENCE RP HOLAK, W (reprint author), US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,BROOKLYN,NY 11232, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 1992 VL 64 IS 11 BP 1313 EP 1315 DI 10.1021/ac00035a021 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA HX003 UT WOS:A1992HX00300022 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI ADDRESSING THE PROBLEM OF MISLEADING ADVERTISING SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE DRUG INDUSTRY; ADVERTISING; UNITED-STATES-FOOD-AND-DRUG-INFORMATION; PUBLISHING, MEDICAL AB Misleading advertising can significantly undermine physicians' prescribing decisions. The study by Wilkes and colleagues reported in this issue of Annals supports the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) concerns about the misleading potential of many prescription drug advertisements. The FDA monitors published prescription drug advertisements for misleading information. The FDA's review starts with a comparison of an advertisement with the package insert. However, additional research is frequently necessary to assure the scientific basis for promoted claims. This research often uncovers a lack of substantiation for promoted claims. The FDA has found that misleading comparative drug claims are frequently based on improper statistical inferences that only a critical analysis of the cited clinical studies may unveil. Although the FDA has increased its surveillance, academia, medical practitioners, and the pharmaceutical industry must increase their efforts to ensure that the use of drug products is based on accurate information. RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV DRUG MKT ADVERTISING & COMMUN,5600 FISHERS LANE,HFD-240,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 1992 VL 116 IS 11 BP 950 EP 951 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HW137 UT WOS:A1992HW13700012 PM 1580454 ER PT J AU BUNNING, VK CRAWFORD, RG TIERNEY, JT PEELER, JT AF BUNNING, VK CRAWFORD, RG TIERNEY, JT PEELER, JT TI THERMOTOLERANCE OF HEAT-SHOCKED LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES IN MILK EXPOSED TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE, SHORT-TIME PASTEURIZATION SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID THERMAL-RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BOVINE-MILK; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; RAW-MILK; INDUCTION; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; PHAGOCYTES; INFECTION AB The effect of prior heat shock (48-degrees-C for 15 min) on the thermotolerance of Listeria monocytogenes at the minimal high-temperature, short-time (71.7-degrees-C for 15 s) parameters required by the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance was examined. The mean D71.7-degrees-C value for heat-shocked L. monocytogenes was 4.6 +/- 0.5 s (control D = 3.0 +/- 1.0 s); the ratio of D to control D was 1.5. The increased thermotolerance of heat-shocked Listeria cells was not significant and appeared unlikely to have practical implications, in terms of risk assessment, for the safety of pasteurized milk. RP BUNNING, VK (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 35 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 58 IS 6 BP 2096 EP 2098 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HX945 UT WOS:A1992HX94500048 PM 1622288 ER PT J AU HIGLEY, JD MEHLMAN, PT TAUB, DM HIGLEY, SB SUOMI, SJ LINNOILA, M VICKERS, JH AF HIGLEY, JD MEHLMAN, PT TAUB, DM HIGLEY, SB SUOMI, SJ LINNOILA, M VICKERS, JH TI CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID MONOAMINE AND ADRENAL CORRELATES OF AGGRESSION IN FREE-RANGING RHESUS-MONKEYS SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID CERCOPITHECUS-AETHIOPS-SABAEUS; VERVET MONKEYS; 5-HYDROXYINDOLEACETIC ACID; AMINE METABOLITES; HOMOVANILLIC-ACID; PLASMA-CORTISOL; MACACA-MULATTA; BEHAVIOR; TESTOSTERONE; TRYPTOPHAN AB Clinical and preclinical studies involving several different mammalian species and research paradigms suggest a negative correlation between aggression and central serotonin activity. To test the generalizability of laboratory findings in rhesus monkeys that show a negative correlation between cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations and aggression, we obtained cisternal cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma samples from monkeys living in naturalistic conditions. During a semiannual trapping 28 juvenile and adolescent male rhesus monkeys were chosen from a population of 4200 provisioned, free-ranging rhesus monkeys living on Morgan Island, a sea island located off the coast of South Carolina. Based on direct observations of participation or avoidance of aggressive behavior and examinations of apparent fight wounds, 18 monkeys were selected for cerebrospinal fluid taps and blood samples. The remaining 10 monkeys were selected at random. Descriptions of aggressive behavior and the number of old scars and recent wounds were carefully transcribed, and a photograph showing wounds and scars was obtained for each animal. Using the transcriptions and photographs, researchers experienced in rhesus monkey behavior, but blind to the subjects' monoamine and hormone concentrations, were asked to rank the monkeys from the most to the least aggressive. The results showed a significant negative correlation between high rankings for aggression and cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations. There was evidence that aggression was associated with stress, in that cerebrospinal fluid, norepinephrine, and plasma corticotropin and cortisol concentrations were positively correlated with high rankings of aggression. C1 NIAAA,DIV INTRAMURAL & CLIN BIOL RES,CLIN STUDIES LAB,NEUROCHEM & NEUROENDOCRINOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD. LAB ANIM BREEDERS & SERV,YEMASSEE,SC. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF BIOL PROD REVIEW,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NICHHD,CTR ANIM HLTH,COMPARAT ETHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 45 TC 232 Z9 233 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JUN PY 1992 VL 49 IS 6 BP 436 EP 441 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA HX957 UT WOS:A1992HX95700002 PM 1376105 ER PT J AU BEEBE, DP GAFFNEY, PJ VANSCHIE, DMV AF BEEBE, DP GAFFNEY, PJ VANSCHIE, DMV TI POTENCY ASSAYS FOR ANISTREPLASE - COMPARISON OF THE FIBRIN PLATE ASSAY AND A 96-WELL PLATE ASSAY SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article C1 NATL INST BIOL STAND & CONTROLS,LONDON NW3 6RB,ENGLAND. RP BEEBE, DP (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD JUN PY 1992 VL 20 IS 2 BP 129 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S1045-1056(05)80060-0 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JK706 UT WOS:A1992JK70600006 PM 1389108 ER PT J AU RHEE, HM STRICKLAND, JA MASON, PA AF RHEE, HM STRICKLAND, JA MASON, PA TI MICRODIALYSIS OF NORADRENALINE IN ROSTRAL VENTROLATERAL MEDULLA AFTER INTRAVENOUS METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN ADMINISTRATION IN ANESTHETIZED RATS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CATECHOLAMINES; METHIONINE ENKEPHALIN; MICRODIALYSIS; ROSTRAL VENTROLATERAL MEDULLA (C1) AB The objective of this research was to define the role of central and peripheral opioid receptors for the regulation of cardiovascular action. Cardiovascular effects of methionine-enkephalin (met-enkephalin) after intracisternal, intravenous or direct administration into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (C1 area) were compared in inactin-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. A microdialysis probe was stereotaxically implanted in the C1 area to dialyze monoamines during intravenous administration of met-enkephalin. An intravenous injection of met-enkephalin decreased both arterial pressure and heart rate in a dose-dependent manner. There were no cardiovascular responses to intracisternal dosages of up to 10-mu-g/kg, but as little as 0.1-mu-g/kg met-enkephalin decreased arterial pressure and heart rate after a direct injection into the C1 area. Onset of the met-enkephalin effect was similar regardless of drug doses after intravenous administration; however, duration and magnitude of the peptide's action and time to peak effect were directly related to the dose. Intravenous infusion of 100-mu-g/kg/min met-enkephalin increased the extracellular concentration of noradrenaline in the C1 area. There was a differential blockade by naloxone of the hypotensive action of met-enkephalin after intravenous or C1 administration. This study suggests the importance of both central and peripheral sites(s) of met-enkephalin for its cardiovascular action. Additionally, the data suggest that the C1 area is a communication site between catecholamines and opioid peptides for cardiovascular regulation. RP RHEE, HM (reprint author), US FDA,510,PARKLAWN BLDG,ROOM 14B-04,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PULSUS GROUP INC PI OAKVILLE PA 2902 S SHERIDAN WAY, OAKVILLE ON L6J 7L6, CANADA SN 0828-282X J9 CAN J CARDIOL JI Can. J. Cardiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 8 IS 5 BP 527 EP 535 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA JB367 UT WOS:A1992JB36700011 PM 1617531 ER PT J AU GROOPMAN, JD SKIPPER, PL DONAHUE, PR TRUDEL, LJ WILDSCHUTTE, M KADLUBAR, FF TANNENBAUM, SR AF GROOPMAN, JD SKIPPER, PL DONAHUE, PR TRUDEL, LJ WILDSCHUTTE, M KADLUBAR, FF TANNENBAUM, SR TI MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES AND RABBIT ANTISERA RECOGNIZING 4-AMINOBIPHENYL DNA ADDUCTS AND APPLICATION TO IMMUNOAFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; SMOKERS AB Monoclonal antibodies and rabbit antisera were produced that recognized 4-aminobiphenyl, its major DNA adducts and other metabolites. The antigens used to raise these antibodies were synthesized by coupling the aromatic amine to protein through a diazotization reaction. The goal of this immunization strategy was to induce antibodies that also cross-reacted with most 4-aminobiphenyl-derived metabolites. A total of 20 mice and four rabbits were immunized and every animal produced a strong immune response for 4-aminobiphenyl and its derivatives. Two IgG1 monoclonal antibodies, 3D6 and 2E11, were isolated from two different mouse spleen cell fusions. One of the monoclonal antibodies, 3D6, had a high recognition for the three major 4-aminobiphenyl - DNA adducts: N-(deoxyguanosine-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl, N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)4-aminobiphenyl and N-(deoxyguanosine-N2-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl, with affinity constants between 2 and 4 X 10(9) l/mol. In addition, one of the rabbit anti-sera had an affinity constant for the DNA adducts of 2.1 X 10(9) l/mole. Thus, the strategy to use a diazotization coupling reaction was successful at producing high-affinity aminobiphenyl - DNA adduct-specific antibodies. Preparative immunoaffinity resins were made for each monoclonal antibody. These resins quantitatively bound 500 ng each [H-3]N-acetyl-aminobiphenyl, [H-3]N-aminobiphenyl and [H-3]N-(deoxyguanosine-8-yl)4-aminobiphenyl. Preliminary experiments were performed to test the applicability of the preparative monoclonal antibody immunoaffinity column to isolate [H-3]4-aminobiphenyl-derived metabolites in dosed rat and dog urine. About 70% of the radioactivity in rat or dog urine could be bound to the immunoaffinity columns. The combined immunoaffinity column/HPLC analysis of the dog urine led to the identification of a novel urinary metabolite, N-formyl-aminobiphenyl. HPLC analysis of a rat urine sample tentatively found 4-aminobiphenyl, N-acetyl-4-aminobiphenyl and N-formyl-4-aminobiphenyl by co-chromatography, and these compounds accounted for 20, 6.8 and 6.5% of the total radioactivity in the chromatogram respectively. Taken together, these data show that these 4-aminobiphenyl-specific monoclonal antibodies can be used in immunoaffinity columns to isolate metabolites and DNA adducts from biological samples. C1 MIT,DEPT CHEM,DIV TOXICOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP GROOPMAN, JD (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,615 N WOLFE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21205, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [K04 CA01517]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P01-ES00597] NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD JUN PY 1992 VL 13 IS 6 BP 917 EP 922 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.6.917 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HZ880 UT WOS:A1992HZ88000002 PM 1600611 ER PT J AU TING, CC HARGROVE, ME LIANG, SM LIANG, CM SHARROW, SO AF TING, CC HARGROVE, ME LIANG, SM LIANG, CM SHARROW, SO TI DICHOTOMY OF GLUTATHIONE REGULATION OF THE ACTIVATION OF RESTING AND PREACTIVATED LYMPHOCYTES SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL FUNCTION; KILLER CELLS; INTRACELLULAR GLUTATHIONE; DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; NATURAL-KILLER; FRIEND VIRUS; ANTIBODY; GENERATION; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSLOCATION C1 NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP TING, CC (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC BIOL DIAGN & CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 34 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 142 IS 1 BP 40 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0008-8749(92)90267-S PG 14 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA HZ071 UT WOS:A1992HZ07100004 PM 1534039 ER PT J AU VERME, CN LUDDEN, TM CLEMENTI, WA HARRIS, SC AF VERME, CN LUDDEN, TM CLEMENTI, WA HARRIS, SC TI PHARMACOKINETICS OF QUINIDINE IN MALE-PATIENTS - A POPULATION ANALYSIS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS LA English DT Review ID PLASMA-PROTEIN BINDING; CONGESTIVE HEART-FAILURE; ALPHA1-ACID GLYCOPROTEIN; UNBOUND CONCENTRATIONS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARDIAC PATIENTS; RENAL-FUNCTION; LIVER-DISEASE; STEADY-STATE; FATTY-ACIDS AB Quinidine pharmacokinetic behaviour was evaluated in 139 adult hospitalised men receiving oral quinidine therapy. A total of 391 serum quinidine concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay for routine clinical purposes. The NONMEM programme was used to examine the relationship between quinidine pharmacokinetics and several potential covariates. A 1-compartment open model with first-order absorption and elimination was assumed. The mean apparent volume of distribution (Vd) was about 230L. When measured, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels were not included in the analysis. Oral quinidine clearance (CL) decreased with age, severe congestive heart failure and renal disease, and increased in patients with a history of alcohol abuse. The interpatient variability in CL and the intrapatient residual variability expressed as coefficients of variation (CV) were 28 and 31%, respectively. When AAG values were incorporated into the analysis, the only important covariates of CL were the AAG measurements and the presence of renal dysfunction as indicated by a calculated creatinine clearance of less than 50 ml/min (3 L/h). The interpatient variability in CL and the residual intrapatient CVs decreased to approximately 24 and 26%, respectively. Improvement of the CL model by inclusion of measured AAG strongly suggests that quinidine elimination is dependent on the free concentration of drug in plasma and supports the use of free serum quinidine concentrations when evaluating and monitoring quinidine therapy. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,OFF RES RESOURCES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV CINCINNATI HOSP,DEPT PHARM,CINCINNATI,OH. CLEMENTI & ASSOCIATES INC,ROSEMONT,PA. VET ADM MED CTR,BATTLE CREEK,MI. NR 67 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 0312-5963 J9 CLIN PHARMACOKINET JI Clin. Pharmacokinet. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 22 IS 6 BP 468 EP 480 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HU019 UT WOS:A1992HU01900005 PM 1587058 ER PT J AU RUHL, S BEGLEY, CG BICKEL, M PLUZNIK, DH AF RUHL, S BEGLEY, CG BICKEL, M PLUZNIK, DH TI TRANSIENT EXPRESSION OF THE IL-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA-CHAIN IN IL-6-INDUCED MYELOID CELLS IS REGULATED BY AUTOCRINE PRODUCTION OF PROSTAGLANDIN-E2 SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1991 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOC FOR EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY CY JUL, 1991 CL PARMA, ITALY SP INT SOC EXPTL HEMATOL DE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION; INTERLEUKIN-6; LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR; PROSTAGLANDIN-E2 ID LEUKEMIA-INHIBITORY FACTOR; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; SEQUENTIAL EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; BLOOD MONOCYTES; DIFFERENTIATION; MACROPHAGES; GROWTH AB The alpha-chain of the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R-alpha) is expressed on monocytes and macrophages after activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). In the present study, we investigated whether the expression of IL-2R-alpha is associated with the process of differentation of myeloid cells to mature macrophages and how this expression is regulated. The murine myeloid M1 cell line, which can be induced by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) or interleukin 6 (IL-6) to differentiate from blast cells to mature macrophages, was used as a model system for myeloid differentiation. Bone marrow (BM)-derived macrophages were used as mature myeloid cells. Cytofluorometry revealed that IL-2R-alpha is transiently expressed during M1 cell differentiation, with peak levels 24 h after induction by LIF or IL-6, whereas the high affinity receptor for monomeric IgG2a (FcR), a surface marker typical for macrophage differentiation, continues to rise up to 72 h. BM-derived macrophages already expresses FcR but not Il-2R-alpha. IL-2R-alpha expression is induced on these cells after treatment by IL-6 for up to 48 h. Treatment of IL-6-induced M1 cells with indomethacin permitted a sustained expression of IL-2R-alpha beyond 24 h, and this effect was reversed by the addition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Northern analysis showed that in M1 cells the expression of mRNA for IL-2R-alpha, but not for IL-2R-beta, is also transient, indicating that cell surface expression of IL-2R-alpha is regulated at the mRNA level. These data show that inducers of macrophage differentiation such as LIF and IL-6 can induce a transient expression of the IL-2R-alpha-chain in differentiating murine myeloid M1 cells and that autocrine production of PGE2 is involved in the control of the transient expression of this receptor. However, induction of expression of IL-2R-alpha by IL-6 appears to be independent of differentiation because it can be induced on fully differentiated BM-derived macrophages as well. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,HFB-800,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3B-19,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 20 IS 5 BP 619 EP 625 PG 7 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA HV569 UT WOS:A1992HV56900015 PM 1587308 ER PT J AU KASLOW, HR BURNS, DL AF KASLOW, HR BURNS, DL TI PERTUSSIS TOXIN AND TARGET EUKARYOTIC CELLS - BINDING, ENTRY, AND ACTIVATION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE ADP-RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; DETERGENT; DISULFIDE; DTT; G-PROTEIN; GLUTATHIONE; GLYCOLIPID; LIPID; NUCLEOTIDE; PHOSPHOLIPID; VACCINE ID NAD-GLYCOHYDROLASE ACTIVITY; ADP-RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDES; REGULATORY COMPONENT; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN; CHOLERA-TOXIN AB Pertussis toxin, a protein virulence factor produced by Bordetella pertussis, is composed of an A protomer and a B oligomer. The A protomer consists of a single polypeptide, termed the S1 subunit, which disrupts transmembrane signaling by ADP-ribosylating eukaryotic G-proteins. The B oligomer, containing five polypeptides, binds to cell receptors (most likely containing carbohydrate) and delivers the S1 subunit. Current knowledge suggests that expression of ADP-ribosyltransferase activity in target eukaryotic cells arises after 1) nucleotides and membrane lipids allosterically promote the release of the S1 subunit; and 2) the single disulfide bond in the S1 subunit is reduced by reductants such as glutathione. This model suggests conditions for the proper use of the toxin as an experimental reagent. C1 USDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP KASLOW, HR (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,ROOM 250D,MUDD MEM RES BLDG,1333 SAN PABLO ST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033, USA. NR 65 TC 138 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 6 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 6 IS 9 BP 2684 EP 2690 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HZ481 UT WOS:A1992HZ48100009 PM 1612292 ER PT J AU FRANZOSO, G DIMITROV, DS BLUMENTHAL, R BARILE, MF ROTTEM, S AF FRANZOSO, G DIMITROV, DS BLUMENTHAL, R BARILE, MF ROTTEM, S TI FUSION OF MYCOPLASMA-FERMENTANS STRAIN INCOGNITUS WITH LYMPHOCYTES-T SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE MYCOPLASMA-FERMENTANS; FUSION; LYMPHOCYTE; AIDS ID CELLS; INFECTIVITY; INHIBITION; BINDING AB The ability of Mycoplasma fermentans (strain incognitus) to fuse with cultured lymphocytes was investigated and the fusion process was characterized. Fusion was measured using an assay to determine lipid mixing based on the dequenching of the fluorescent probe, octadecylrhodamine (R18), that was incorporated into the mycoplasma cells. Fusion of M. fermentans was detected with both CD4+ (Molt 3) and CD4- (12-E1) cells. The amount of fusion induced was relatively low and ranged from 5-10% with either cell culture. When primary peripheral blood lymphocytes were used the fusion yield was somewhat higher, reaching 12% of the cell population. Similar findings were obtained with fluorescent microscopy analysis suggesting that a predetermined, but unidentified subpopulation of cultured lymphocytes. were being fused. The rate of fusion was temperature dependent. Following a short lag period fusion at 37-degrees-C was virtually completed in 60 min. The lymphocytes remained intact throughout the fusion process, as determined by the Trypan blue staining procedure. Fusion was almost completely inhibited by anti-M. fermentans antisera and by pretreatment of M. fermentans cells with proteolytic enzymes, suggesting that a surface-exposed proteinaceous component is involved in the fusion process. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MYCOPLASMA LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,MATH BIOL LAB,MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 14 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 1992 VL 303 IS 2-3 BP 251 EP 254 DI 10.1016/0014-5793(92)80531-K PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA HZ693 UT WOS:A1992HZ69300033 PM 1607025 ER PT J AU NAGAI, M ENDOH, M BURNS, DL NAKASE, Y AF NAGAI, M ENDOH, M BURNS, DL NAKASE, Y TI BORDETELLA HEAT-LABILE TOXIN CAUSES RELEASE OF RADIOACTIVITY FROM SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS LABELED WITH [C-14] ARACHIDONIC-ACID SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE BORDETELLA; HEAT-LABILE TOXIN; ARACHIDONIC ACID; SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS ID PARAPERTUSSIS; AGENTS; SKIN; PIGS AB The effect of Bordetella heat-labile toxin (HLT) on cultured vascular or tracheal smooth cells labeled with [C-14]arachidonic acid for 3 h was examined. At 37-degrees-C, in the presence of Ca2+, HLT induced the release of radioactive substances from the cells in a dose-dependent manner but HLT had no effect on release of radioactivity from cells at 0-degrees-C or in the absence of Ca2+. After cells were exposed to HLT, a 2-h lag period occurred before release of radioactivity was detected. The substances released from cells by HLT were identified as arachidonic acid and phosphatidylcholine. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP NAGAI, M (reprint author), KITASATO INST,SCH PHARMACEUT SCI,DEPT MICROBIOL,5-9-1 SHIROKANE,MINATO KU,TOKYO 108,JAPAN. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JUN 1 PY 1992 VL 93 IS 2 BP 133 EP 137 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HW335 UT WOS:A1992HW33500005 ER PT J AU GARTHRIGHT, WE AF GARTHRIGHT, WE TI NOTES ON REPARAMETERIZATION OF BACTERIAL-GROWTH CURVES - REPLY SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP GARTHRIGHT, WE (reprint author), US FDA,CFSCAN,DIV MATH,200 CST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 9 IS 2 BP 172 EP 172 DI 10.1016/0740-0020(92)80025-Y PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA HY412 UT WOS:A1992HY41200010 ER PT J AU KOTLOFF, KL HERRINGTON, DA HALE, TL NEWLAND, JW VANDEVERG, L COGAN, JP SNOY, PJ SADOFF, JC FORMAL, SB LEVINE, MM AF KOTLOFF, KL HERRINGTON, DA HALE, TL NEWLAND, JW VANDEVERG, L COGAN, JP SNOY, PJ SADOFF, JC FORMAL, SB LEVINE, MM TI SAFETY, IMMUNOGENICITY, AND EFFICACY IN MONKEYS AND HUMANS OF INVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12 HYBRID VACCINE CANDIDATES EXPRESSING SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI 2A SOMATIC ANTIGEN SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ORAL VACCINE; SECRETING CELLS; SONNEI VACCINE; PROTECTION; PROTEIN; IMMUNIZATION; INFECTION; DIARRHEA; IMMUNITY; STRAINS AB A live, oral Shigella vaccine, constructed by transfer of the 140-MDa invasiveness plasmid from Shigella flexneri 5 and the chromosomal genes encoding the group- and type-specific O antigen of S. flexneri 2a to Escherichia coli K-12, was tested in humans. Designated EcSf2a-1, this vaccine produced adverse reactions (fever, diarrhea, or dysentery) in 4 (31%) of 13 subjects who ingested a single dose of 1.0 x 10(9) CFU, while at better-tolerated doses (5.0 x 10(6) to 5.0 x 10(7) CFU), it provided no significant protection against challenge with S. flexneri 2a. A further-attenuated aroD mutant derivative, EcSf2a-2, was then tested. Rhesus monkeys that received EcSf2a-2 in three oral doses of ca. 1.5 x 10(11) CFU experienced no increase in gastrointestinal symptoms compared with a control group that received an E. coli K-12 placebo. Compared with controls, the vaccinated monkeys were protected against shigellosis after challenge with S. flexneri 2a (60% efficacy; P = 0.001). In humans, EcSf2a-2 was well tolerated at inocula ranging from 5.0 x 10(6) to 2.1 x 10(9) CFU. However, after a single dose of 2.5 x 10(9) CFU, 4 (17%) of 23 subjects experienced adverse reactions, including fever (3 subjects) and diarrhea (209 ml) (1 subject), and after a single dose of 1.8 x 10(10) CFU, 2 of 4 subjects developed dysentery. Recipients of three doses of 1.2 to 2.5 x 10(9) CFU had significant rises in serum antibody to lipopolysaccharide (61%) and invasiveness plasmid antigens (44%) and in gut-derived immunoglobulin A antibody-secreting cells specific for lipopolysaccharide (100%) and invasiveness plasmid antigens (60%). Despite its immunogenicity, the vaccine conferred only 36% protection against illness (fever, diarrhea, or dysentery) induced by experimental challenge (P = 0.17). These findings illustrate the use of an epithelial cell-invasive E. coli strain as a carrier for Shigella antigens. Future studies must explore dosing regimens that might optimize the protective effects of the vaccine while eliminating adverse clinical reactions. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,CTR VACCINE DEV,DEPT MED,DIV GEOG MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. US FDA,OFF BIOL,DIV PROD QUAL CONTROL,BETHESDA,MD 20205. RP KOTLOFF, KL (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,DIV INFECT DIS & TROP PEDIAT,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. RI kotloff, karen/E-7768-2012 OI kotloff, karen/0000-0003-1808-6431 NR 34 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 60 IS 6 BP 2218 EP 2224 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HX421 UT WOS:A1992HX42100011 PM 1587589 ER PT J AU BURNETTE, WN ARCINIEGA, JL MAR, VL BURNS, DL AF BURNETTE, WN ARCINIEGA, JL MAR, VL BURNS, DL TI PROPERTIES OF PERTUSSIS TOXIN-B OLIGOMER ASSEMBLED INVITRO FROM RECOMBINANT POLYPEPTIDES PRODUCED BY ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ISLET-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; ADP-RIBOSYLATION; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITIES; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SUBUNITS; EFFICACY; BINDING AB The subunits that make up the pentameric B oligomer of pertussis toxin (S2, S3, S4, and S5) were individually synthesized as recombinant polypeptides in Escherichia coli, isolated as insoluble inclusion bodies, and assembled into a multimeric form in vitro by spontaneous association following treatment with a chaotropic agent, reduction, and reoxidation. The recombinant B multimer, purified by fetuin-Sepharose affinity chromatography, contained all four of the individual subunits and possessed the mitogenic and hemagglutinating activities characteristic of the native B oligomer. Immunization of mice with the recombinant B oligomer elicited antibodies that neutralized pertussis toxin in vitro and, moreover, provided protection in vivo against the leukocytosis-promoting activity of the toxin. These results demonstrate the potential for assembly of complex multimeric proteins from recombinant DNA-derived polypeptides and provide a novel means for production of an acellular pertussis vaccine component. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BURNETTE, WN (reprint author), AMGEN INC,AMGEN CTR,THOUSAND OAKS,CA 91320, USA. RI Burnette, W. Neal/G-9784-2011 OI Burnette, W. Neal/0000-0002-7579-0997 NR 37 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 60 IS 6 BP 2252 EP 2256 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HX421 UT WOS:A1992HX42100016 PM 1587592 ER PT J AU LEININGER, E EWANOWICH, CA BHARGAVA, A PEPPLER, MS KENIMER, JG BRENNAN, MJ AF LEININGER, E EWANOWICH, CA BHARGAVA, A PEPPLER, MS KENIMER, JG BRENNAN, MJ TI COMPARATIVE ROLES OF THE ARG-GLY-ASP SEQUENCE PRESENT IN THE BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS ADHESINS PERTACTIN AND FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HELA-229 CELLS; ADHERENCE; INVASION; RECOGNITION; ATTACHMENT; RECEPTORS; MEMBRANE; PROTEIN; CLONING AB Pertactin and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), proteins present on the surface of the gram-negative organism Bordetella pertussis, have been shown to contain the putative cell-binding sequence arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) and to promote eukaryotic cell attachment. The attachment of epithelial cells to purified pertactin and the entry of B. pertussis into human HeLa cells are both inhibited by an RGD-containing peptide derived from the pertactin sequence. In contrast, an RGD-containing peptide derived from the FHA sequence has no effect on either the attachment of epithelial cells to purified FHA or the entry of B. pertussis into HeLa cells. Staphylococcus aureus organisms coated with pertactin or FHA, purified from B. pertussis, enter HeLa cells more efficiently than S. aureus cells coated with bovine serum albumin. The pertactin-enhanced entry of S. aureus is inhibited by 75% in the presence of the RGD peptide from pertactin, whereas the RGD peptide derived from FHA has no effect on the increased entry promoted by the pertactin-coated or by the FHA-coated S. aureus. These results indicate that the active uptake of B. pertussis by certain mammalian cells may be mediated by the interaction of the RGD site found in pertactin with eukaryotic cell surface receptors. C1 UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT MED MICROBIOL & INFECT DIS,EDMONTON T6G 2H7,ALBERTA,CANADA. RP LEININGER, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 84 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 60 IS 6 BP 2380 EP 2385 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HX421 UT WOS:A1992HX42100034 PM 1587605 ER PT J AU GENTSCH, JR GLASS, RI WOODS, P GOUVEA, V GORZIGLIA, M FLORES, J DAS, BK BHAN, MK AF GENTSCH, JR GLASS, RI WOODS, P GOUVEA, V GORZIGLIA, M FLORES, J DAS, BK BHAN, MK TI IDENTIFICATION OF GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS GENE-4 TYPES BY POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; SEROTYPE; RNA; NEUTRALIZATION; HYBRIDIZATION; SPECIFICITIES; SPECIMENS; PATTERNS; PROBES; VP7 AB Five genetically distinct human rotavirus (HRV) gene 4 groups have been described on the basis of comparative nucleotide sequencing and the predicted amino acid sequences, and at least four of them represent distinct VP4 antigenic types. To identify each gene 4 type and investigate its distribution in HRV isolates from patients with diarrhea, we developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) typing method using sequence information available for four genetically distinct gene 4 types. Rotavirus double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) isolated from stool samples were first reverse transcribed and amplified by PCR by using two oligonucleotide primers that correspond to regions that are highly conserved among all known HRV gene 4 types. The 876-bp dsDNA products were then reamplified by PCR in the presence of a cocktail containing one conserved plus-sense primer and four type-specific minus-sense primers (selected from the hypervariable region of gene 4), resulting in products of 345, 483, 267, and 391 bp corresponding to gene 4 types 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. This method reliably identified the gene 4 types of 16 well-characterized HRV isolates. Our results were independently confirmed for all 16 strains by reverse transcription and PCR amplification of HRV dsRNA in the presence of alternate type-specific primer pairs. For direct gene 4 typing of HRV in stool samples, we developed a method to extract rotavirus dsRNA from stool specimens by using glass powder. Our results suggest that gene 4 typing will be useful in providing more a complete characterization of HRV strains of epidemiologic or vaccine-related interest. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. ALL INDIA INST MED SCI,NEW DELHI 110016,INDIA. NIAID,INFECT DIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GENTSCH, JR (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 34 TC 939 Z9 971 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 30 IS 6 BP 1365 EP 1373 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HU603 UT WOS:A1992HU60300001 PM 1320625 ER PT J AU STEIN, KE AF STEIN, KE TI THYMUS-INDEPENDENT AND THYMUS-DEPENDENT RESPONSES TO POLYSACCHARIDE ANTIGENS SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, AND PREVENTION OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE DISEASE CY SEP 24-28, 1990 CL VELDHOVEN, NETHERLANDS SP MERCK SHARP & DOHME, PRAXIS BIOLOGICS, CONNAUGHT LABS, PASTEUR MERIEUX SERUMS & VACCINS, HOECHST ROUSSEL PHARM, MENINGITIS TRUST GREAT BRITAIN, UPJOHN, BAYER PHARM, GLAXO PHARM, ELI LILLY ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; C NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; SUBCLASS RESTRICTION; PROTEIN CONJUGATE; HUMAN-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HUMAN INFANTS; LINKED GENE AB Immune responses to polysaccharide antigens are thymus-independent (TI). Conversion of a polysaccharide antigen to a thymus-dependent (TD) antigen by covalent coupling to an immunogenic protein carrier alters the response to the polysaccharide in several important ways. Of primary importance for the prevention of invasive diseases in infants caused by encapsulated bacteria is the shift of the peak antibody response to a much younger age. Another important change is the development of memory B cells primed and ready to respond to either the polysaccharide, as would be encountered during an infection, or to a second dose of the same antigen. Additional immunoglobulin isotypes not seen or seen as a minor component in response to the polysaccharide are also a feature of the TD response. Finally, the diversity of the antibody population is increased after immunization with a TD vaccine compared with that seen after immunization with a TI vaccine. RP STEIN, KE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL RES & EVALUAT,OFF BIOL RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 42 TC 150 Z9 155 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 165 SU 1 BP S49 EP S52 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA HW745 UT WOS:A1992HW74500015 PM 1588177 ER PT J AU PARRY, GE DUNN, P SHAH, VP PERSHING, LK AF PARRY, GE DUNN, P SHAH, VP PERSHING, LK TI ACYCLOVIR BIOAVAILABILITY IN HUMAN SKIN SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX LABIALIS; TOPICAL 5-PERCENT ACYCLOVIR; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; GENITAL HERPES; CLINICAL BENEFIT; VIRUS-INFECTIONS; BENZOIC-ACID; DOUBLE-BLIND; TRIAL AB Clinical experience demonstrates that oral acyclovir (ACV) is superior to topical ACV in treating recurrent cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections. Cutaneous HSV-1 infections are complex in their pathology, affecting the basal epidermis in skin as well as establishing a latency phase in sensory ganglia. In vitro and in vivo human skin model systems were used in the present study to quantitate ACV disposition and absorption in skin and blood following two routes of administration and to investigate whether bioavailability differences were the result of insufficient drug delivery. Physicochemical and physiologic parameters determined from these experiments were used to develop a mathematical model to predict ACV disposition and absorption in human subjects. Model predictions and in vivo data agree; topical administration of commercial 5% ACV ointment and cream result in a 48 times greater total epidermal ACV concentration than after oral administration. Mathematical modeling of the ACV concentration gradient through the epidermis revealed, however, that the drug concentration in the target site of HSV-1 infections, the basal epidermis, is 2-3 times less after topical administration than after oral administration. Thus, the observed lack of clinical efficacy with topical ACV therapy in the recurring HSV-1 infection likely reflects the insufficient delivery of the drug to the target site of the HSV-1 infection, the basal epidermis. C1 UNIV UTAH,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT INTERNAL MED,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. FU PHS HHS [221-87-1801] NR 23 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 98 IS 6 BP 856 EP 863 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12456948 PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA HX276 UT WOS:A1992HX27600003 PM 1593149 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP GURBARG, M NOORY, A DIGHE, S SKELLY, JP AF SHAH, VP GURBARG, M NOORY, A DIGHE, S SKELLY, JP TI INFLUENCE OF HIGHER RATES OF AGITATION ON RELEASE PATTERNS OF IMMEDIATE-RELEASE DRUG PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB The dissolution procedure serves as a quality control test to assure batch-to-batch uniformity and bioequivalence of a product once the bioavailability of the product has been established. It can also be used to detect manufacturing and/or process variations that could reduce product bioavailability. Dissolution testing must be conducted at an appropriate agitation rate. Tests conducted at high agitation rates may lose the ability to differentiate between good and bad products. Although the effect of high agitation rates has been known for some time, several immediate-release drug products still have United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph dissolution procedures that require very high agitation rates. A systematic survey was conducted on marketed tablets of chloroquine phosphate, griseofulvin, hydroxychloroquine sulfate, isocarboxazide, primaquine phosphate, and sulfadiazine. Each of these products has a USP monograph requiring a dissolution test at a paddle speed of 100 rpm. To study the influence of agitation rate on the dissolution rate of these products, dissolution studies were conducted at paddle speeds of 50, 75, and 100 rpm with the USP apparatus 2 (paddle method). The dissolution rate increased with an increase in the agitation rate from 50 to 75 rpm. However, no significant increase in the dissolution rate was noted with an increase in the agitation rate from 75 to 100 rpm. The data support the position that the higher agitation rate of 100 rpm is not necessary for a quality control procedure or a compendial standard for the products tested. C1 US FDA,PHILADELPHIA DIST LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19106. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 81 IS 6 BP 500 EP 503 DI 10.1002/jps.2600810604 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA HW638 UT WOS:A1992HW63800003 PM 1522485 ER PT J AU PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A AF PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA, CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV, SCH PHARM, RICHMOND, VA 23298 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SCH MED, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. AMER CYANAMID CO, PEARL RIVER, NY 10965 USA. CIBA GEIGY PHARMACEUT CORP, SUMMIT, NJ 07901 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, BUFFALO, NY 14260 USA. ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, MEMPHIS, TN 38105 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, MILLARD FILLMORE HOSP, CLIN PHARMACOKINET LAB, BUFFALO, NY 14209 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, MED CTR, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT ANESTHESIA, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA. NR 1 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI-US JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 81 IS 6 BP 605 EP 610 DI 10.1002/jps.2600810630 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA HW638 UT WOS:A1992HW63800029 PM 1355792 ER PT J AU LEWIS, CJ PARK, YK DEXTER, PB YETLEY, EA AF LEWIS, CJ PARK, YK DEXTER, PB YETLEY, EA TI NUTRIENT INTAKES AND BODY WEIGHTS OF PERSONS CONSUMING HIGH AND MODERATE LEVELS OF ADDED SUGARS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CARBOHYDRATE AB We classified a nationally representative sample of persons aged 4 years and older as high or moderate consumers of added sugars (ie, sugars added to foods by processors or consumers). Intake of added sugars was determined on the basis of grams consumed per kilogram of body weight (g/kg) and on the basis of percent of dietary energy from added sugars (% kcal). Regardless of the intake measure used, high consumers of added sugars had a significantly lower percentage of dietary energy from fat than did moderate consumers of added sugars. Persons defined by the % kcal measure as high consumers of added sugars took in lower percentages of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for 11 vitamins and minerals; these high consumers had body weights similar to those of their moderate counterparts. Persons defined as high consumers by the g/kg measure consumed greater percentages of the RDAs than did their moderate counterparts; these high consumers more frequently selected foods from categories likely to contain sugar-rich foods but weighed significantly less than did moderate consumers. Thus, different approaches to defining intake of added sugars revealed two patterns of high consumption of added sugars with different levels of nutritional risk. Conditions of overweight were not associated with high intake of added sugars. Educational efforts, therefore, should focus on those consumers who tend to substitute foods rich in added sugars for more nutritionally desirable foods. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,CLIN NUTR BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LEWIS, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,EXPTL CLIN RES SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 14 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 92 IS 6 BP 708 EP 713 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA HY825 UT WOS:A1992HY82500017 PM 1607567 ER PT J AU ONEILL, RT BENINGER, P WYKOFF, R AF ONEILL, RT BENINGER, P WYKOFF, R TI STATISTICAL ISSUES ARISING IN AIDS CLINICAL-TRIALS - COMMENT SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Note ID EFFECTS MODELS C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROP,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,OFF AIDS COORDINA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP ONEILL, RT (reprint author), US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0162-1459 J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 87 IS 418 BP 579 EP 581 DI 10.2307/2290296 PG 3 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA HW622 UT WOS:A1992HW62200041 ER PT J AU MURASE, N HORIE, K TERAO, M OJIMA, M AF MURASE, N HORIE, K TERAO, M OJIMA, M TI THEORETICAL-STUDY OF THE RECORDING DENSITY LIMIT OF PHOTOCHEMICAL HOLE-BURNING MEMORY SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL STORAGE; SYSTEMS; SOLIDS AB To clarify the potential of photochemical hole-burning memory systems, we study the theoretical recording-density limit of such systems. Shot noise and material noise are considered the principal noises. Material noise originates in fluctuations in the chromophore concentration. The recording-density limit proves to be proportional to (multiplicity)1/2 X (chromophore concentration)1/2 x (hole depth), approximately. It becomes clear that the recording spot diameter can be optimized to maximize the recording density. A molar extinction coefficient for a chromophore can be also optimized, and its value is approximately 10(5) L/(mol cm) under the conditions of a 0.2 hole depth, 1000 multiplicity, and 10(-2) mol/L chromophore concentration. When the readout time is 10 ns/bit and the signal-to-noise ratio is 20, in addition to the above conditions, the recording-density limit is calculated to be 26 Gbits/cm2. For this readout time the optimal recording spot diameter is approximately 2-mu-m. When the readout time is less than approximately 10 ns/bit, shot noise becomes the dominant noise; when the readout time is more than approximately 50 ns/bit, the recording-density limit increases, and the influence of material noise becomes prominent. C1 US BUR RADIOL HLTH,FAC ENGN,DEPT REACT CHEM,BUNKYO KU,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP MURASE, N (reprint author), HITACHI LTD,CENT LAB,KOKUBUNJI,TOKYO 185,JAPAN. NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 9 IS 6 BP 998 EP 1005 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.9.000998 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA HX185 UT WOS:A1992HX18500023 ER PT J AU PURI, RK LELAND, P AF PURI, RK LELAND, P TI SYSTEMIC ADMINISTRATION OF RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-6 IN MICE INDUCES PROLIFERATION OF LYMPHOID-CELLS INVIVO SO LYMPHOKINE AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PLASMACYTOMA GROWTH-FACTOR; ACTIVATED KILLER-CELLS; LYMPHOCYTES-T; INDUCTION; IL-6; DIFFERENTIATION; INTERFERON; BSF-2; IFN-BETA-2; PROTEIN AB Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine and has been shown to support the growth of T and B lymphocytes in the presence of mitogens in vitro. IL-6 can induce human natural killer (NK) and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-induced lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK) activity in vitro. It can also mediate antitumor effects in various murine models. In order to understand the mechanism of in vivo action, we have investigated the proliferation of lymphoid cells in vivo and the effects on NK, and LAK cell activities in response to IL-6 administration in mice. In vivo proliferation was measured by labeling the DNA of dividing cells with [I-125]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. C57BL/6 mice were injected ip with either IL-6 or HBSS control two times a day for 3 days and in vivo proliferation was measured. For comparative purpose IL-2 was administered and in vivo effects were analyzed. IL-6 caused significant proliferation of cells mainly in the spleen, while, IL-2 caused proliferation in the lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys. Pretreatment irradiation (500 rad) of mice abrogated the IL-6-induced proliferation indicating radiosensitive cells are involved. Furthermore, in vivo proliferation was not observed in young nude mice treated with IL-6. To investigate whether the proliferating cells were cytotoxic, we tested for LAK (vs. fresh MCA-102 tumor targets) and NK (vs. Yac-1 tumor targets) activities in the organs of mice treated with IL-6 or IL-2 by 4 h Cr-51-release assay. IL-2 administration induced the generation of LAK activity and increased NK cytotoxicity in various organs, but IL-6 had no effect. Cytofluorometric analysis of splenocytes from IL-6-treated naive mice revealed that absolute number of B cells and in alloantigen-immunized mice absolute number of CD8, CD4, and Thy 1.2+ T cells were increased. IL-2 also increased T cells and ASGM-1-positive cells, however, IL-6 did not increase ASGM-1 cells. These studies indicate that IL-6 can induce the proliferation of endogenous lymphocytes in the spleen and its antitumor effects may not be mediated by LAK and NK cells. RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,NIH BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B20,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0277-6766 J9 LYMPHOKINE CYTOK RES JI Lymphokine Cytokine Res. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 11 IS 3 BP 133 EP 139 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA JA055 UT WOS:A1992JA05500001 PM 1391232 ER PT J AU KOCH, WH ENNIS, DG LEVINE, AS WOODGATE, R AF KOCH, WH ENNIS, DG LEVINE, AS WOODGATE, R TI ESCHERICHIA-COLI UMUDC MUTANTS - DNA-SEQUENCE ALTERATIONS AND UMUD CLEAVAGE SO MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE ESCHERICHIA-COLI UMUDC MUTANTS; SOS MUTAGENESIS; PCR AMPLIFICATION; DNA SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; CHEMILUMINESCENT IMMUNODETECTION ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; RECA-PROTEIN; ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; SOS MUTAGENESIS; UV MUTAGENESIS; INDUCIBLE MUTAGENESIS; CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS; OPERON; GENE; MUTATIONS AB The products of the chromosomally encoded umuDC genes are directly required for mutagenesis in Escherichia coli. Strains with either umuD or umuC mutations are rendered phenotypically non-mutable. To ascertain the molecular basis of this non-mutability, we determined the DNA sequence alterations of seven chromosomal umuDC mutants. Six mutants (umuD1, umuD44, umuD77, umuC36, umuC25, and umuC104) were found to be single base-pair substitutions that resulted in missense mutations. The Tn5 transposon insertion mutation (umuC122) resulted in a missense mutation followed immediately by a termination codon, producing a truncated UmuC protein lacking 102 carboxyl-terminal amino acids. All of the mutations were found to reside in regions of the UmuD and UmuC proteins that share high homology with analogous proteins. Chemiluminescent immunoassays revealed that the umuD1, umuD44, and umuD77 mutations all resulted in a non-cleavable UmuD protein. Because UmuD cleavage is a prerequisite for mutagenesis, the lack of UmuD processing appears to be the molecular basis for the non-mutable phenotype in these strains. These studies re-emphasize the critical nature of the RecA-mediated cleavage of UmuD for inducible mutagenesis and provide insights into the functional domains of the UmuC protein. C1 NICHHD,VIRUSES & CELLULAR BIOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NICHHD,MOLEC GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 45 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0026-8925 J9 MOL GEN GENET JI Mol. Gen. Genet. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 233 IS 3 BP 443 EP 448 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA JB372 UT WOS:A1992JB37200015 PM 1320188 ER PT J AU NAIR, J ROUSE, DA MORRIS, SL AF NAIR, J ROUSE, DA MORRIS, SL TI NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS AND SEROLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MYCOBACTERIUM-INTRACELLULARE HOMOLOG OF THE MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS 19-KDA ANTIGEN SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTEGRAL MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; 19 KDA ANTIGEN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AVIUM COMPLEX; BOVIS BCG; ALPHA-ANTIGEN; GENE; CLONING; EXPRESSION; AMPLIFICATION AB Disseminated Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare complex (MAC) disease is a frequent complication in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this report, we present the nucleotide sequence of the M. intracellulare MI22 gene. Computer sequence comparisons reveal that the MI22 gene, which encodes a serologically active protein, has 78% DNA sequence identity and 77% protein sequence identity with the seroreactive 19 kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoprotein antigen. Southern blot hybridizations indicate that an MI22 gene probe binds similar-sized restriction fragments in M. tuberculosis and M. intracellulare genomic DNA. In addition, immunoblot analyses demonstrate that MI22 is recognized by sera from tuberculosis patients. These data further support the existence of 19 kDa MAC and M. tuberculosis protein homologues. Phase partitioning experiments and the presence of a consensus lipid modification site in the deduced MI22 protein sequence strongly suggest that MI22 is also a lipoprotein. Comparative analyses of these mycobacterial antigenic homologues may provide the basis for the design of species-specific diagnostic reagents. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 6 IS 11 BP 1431 EP 1439 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb00863.x PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA HY592 UT WOS:A1992HY59200003 PM 1445568 ER PT J AU DELCLOS, KB HEFLICH, RH AF DELCLOS, KB HEFLICH, RH TI MUTATION-INDUCTION AND DNA ADDUCT FORMATION IN CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS TREATED WITH 6-NITROCHRYSENE, 6-AMINOCHRYSENE AND THEIR METABOLITES SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; DNA ADDUCTS; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; 6-AMINOCHRYSENE; MUTATION INDUCTION ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ISOLATED RAT HEPATOCYTES; NEWBORN MOUSE ASSAY; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; MUTAGENICITY; ACTIVATION; MICE; TUMORIGENICITY; BENZOPYRENE; IDENTIFICATION AB 6-Nitrochrysene, 6-aminochrysene and several of their metabolites were assayed for mutagenic activity at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) locus in DNA-repair-proficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-KI) cells and excision-repair-deficient CHO-UV5 cells. Mutagen-DNA adducts were analyzed by P-32 postlabeling in cells treated under the conditions of the mutagenicity assay and compared with the adduct patterns produced from the in vitro reaction of metabolites of 6-nitrochrysene and 6-aminochrysene with calf-thymus DNA. The mutagenic activities of the test compounds in the presence of a liver homogenate (S9) fraction from Aroclor 1254-pretreated rats, expressed as the number of mutants per 10(6) cells per nmole test compound per ml, in CHO-K1 and CHO-UV5 cells, respectively, were as follows: 6-nitrochrysene, 0.3 and 4; 6-aminochrysene, 35 and 117; 6-nitrochrysene-1,2-dihydrodiol, 1 and 6; 6-aminochrysene-1,2-dihydrodiol, 488 and 644; chrysene (run as a positive control), 12 and 28. 6-Nitrosochrysene was a direct-acting mutagen, yielding 127 and 618 mutants per 10(6) cells per nmole per ml in CHO-K1 and CHO-UV5 cells, respectively. Mutagen-DNA adduct analysis indicated that cells treated with 6-aminochrysene in the presence of S9 or 6-nitrosochrysene in the absence of S9 contained an adduct pattern identical to that derived from the in vitro reaction of N-hydroxy-6-aminochrysene with calf-thymus DNA. Cells treated with 6-aminochrysene-1,2-dihydrodiol plus S9 contained a single mutagen-DNA adduct that was distinct from those derived from N-hydroxy-6-aminochrysene. Based on comparison with previous studies, this adduct is presumed to be derived from 1,2-dihydroxy-3,4-epoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-aminochrysene. Cells treated with 6-nitrochrysene plus S9 and 6-nitrochrysene-1,2-dihydrodiol plus S9 contained a single major chromatographically identical adduct that was apparently derived from N-hydroxy-6-aminochrysene-1,2-dihydrodiol. The results indicate that 6-nitrochrysene, 6-aminochrysene and their metabolites are mutagenic in CHO cells, but that the major activation pathway for 6-nitrochrysene and 6-nitrochrysene-1,2-dihydrodiol in this system differs from previously described pathways. RP DELCLOS, KB (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,HFT-110,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JUN 1 PY 1992 VL 279 IS 3 BP 153 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(92)90062-5 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA HZ212 UT WOS:A1992HZ21200001 PM 1377330 ER PT J AU SUTHERLAND, JB SELBY, AL FREEMAN, JP FU, PP MILLER, DW CERNIGLIA, CE AF SUTHERLAND, JB SELBY, AL FREEMAN, JP FU, PP MILLER, DW CERNIGLIA, CE TI IDENTIFICATION OF XYLOSIDE CONJUGATES FORMED FROM ANTHRACENE BY RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI SO MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FUNGUS CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; STEREOSELECTIVE METABOLISM; PHENANTHRENE; LIGHT; BENZOPYRENE; DIHYDRODIOL; OXIDATION AB Biotransformation experiments showed that a strain of Rhizoctonia solani was able to metabolize anthracene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. The fungus was grown in a complex liquid medium containing [9-C-14]anthracene; after 6 d, 98.8% of the anthracene had been converted to ethyl acetate-extractable metabolites. These compounds were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and detected by ultraviolet (uv) absorbance and liquid scintillation counting. The major metabolites were identified by their uv, mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. One of the principal metabolites was identified as trans-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydroanthracene (anthracene trans-1,2-dihydrodiol), which was shown by circular dichroism spectroscopy to be a mixture of two enantiomers. Chiral stationary phase hplc was used to resolve the trans-1,2-dihydrodiol into a (-)-1S,2S enantiomer (60%) and a (+)-1R,2R enantiomer (40%). The other principal metabolites were novel xyloside conjugates of anthracene: 1-O-(2-hydroxy-trans-1,2-dihydroanthryl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside, 2-O-(1-hydroxy-trans-1,2-dihydroanthryl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside, and 1-O-anthryl-beta-D-xylopyranoside. Anthraquinone was found in the culture media but was also present in non-inoculated controls. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0953-7562 J9 MYCOL RES JI Mycol. Res. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 96 BP 509 EP 517 PN 6 PG 9 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA JA899 UT WOS:A1992JA89900019 ER PT J AU KLEINMAN, RE BAKER, SS BELL, EF HATCH, TF KLISH, WJ LEIBEL, RL UDALL, JN CHENEY, M CHOPRA, J FORD, C HUBBARD, VS LEVIN, E PRENDERGAST, A STEMARIE, M SMITH, A YIP, R LAUER, RM AF KLEINMAN, RE BAKER, SS BELL, EF HATCH, TF KLISH, WJ LEIBEL, RL UDALL, JN CHENEY, M CHOPRA, J FORD, C HUBBARD, VS LEVIN, E PRENDERGAST, A STEMARIE, M SMITH, A YIP, R LAUER, RM TI THE USE OF WHOLE COWS MILK IN INFANCY SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IRON NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; DECLINING PREVALENCE; OLDER INFANTS; UNITED-STATES; BLOOD-LOSS; FORMULA; DEFICIENCY; ANEMIA; RATS; ABSORPTION C1 BUR NUTR SCI,OTTAWA,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. USDA,ATHENS,GA 30601. NIDDKD,PHOENIX,AZ. NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. AMER ACAD PEDIAT,CARDIOL SECT,EVANSTON,IL 60204. RP KLEINMAN, RE (reprint author), AMER ACAD PEDIAT,COMM NUTR,EVANSTON,IL 60204, USA. NR 45 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUN PY 1992 VL 89 IS 6 BP 1105 EP 1109 PN 1 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA HX376 UT WOS:A1992HX37600024 ER PT J AU PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A AF PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA, CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV, SCH PHARM, RICHMOND, VA 23298 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SCH PHARM, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. AMER CYANAMID CO, PEARL RIVER, NY 10965 USA. CIBA GEIGY PHARMACEUT CORP, SUMMIT, NJ 07901 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, BUFFALO, NY 14260 USA. ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, MEMPHIS, TN 38105 USA. MILLARD FILLMORE HOSP, SUNY CLIN PHARMACOKINET LAB, BUFFALO, NY 14209 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, MED CTR, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT ANESTHESIA, PALO ALTO, CA 94304 USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARM RES-DORDR JI Pharm. Res. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 9 IS 6 BP 826 EP 833 DI 10.1023/A:1015824110164 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HX884 UT WOS:A1992HX88400021 PM 1409369 ER PT J AU BUTLER, MA LANG, NP YOUNG, JF CAPORASO, NE VINEIS, P HAYES, RB TEITEL, CH MASSENGILL, JP LAWSEN, MF KADLUBAR, FF AF BUTLER, MA LANG, NP YOUNG, JF CAPORASO, NE VINEIS, P HAYES, RB TEITEL, CH MASSENGILL, JP LAWSEN, MF KADLUBAR, FF TI DETERMINATION OF CYP1A2 AND NAT2 PHENOTYPES IN HUMAN-POPULATIONS BY ANALYSIS OF CAFFEINE URINARY METABOLITES SO PHARMACOGENETICS LA English DT Article AB The wide variations in urinary bladder and colo-rectal cancer incidence in humans have been attributed in part to metabolic factors associated with exposure to carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Cytochrome P-4501A2 (CYP1A2), which catalyses N-oxidation, and acetyltransferase (NAT2) which catalyses N- and O-acetylation, both appear to be polymorphically distributed in human populations; and slow and rapid NAT2 phenotypes have been implicated as risk factors for these cancers. Caffeine has also been shown to undergo 3-demethylation by CYP1A2, and it is further acetylated to 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil (AFMU) by the polymorphic NAT2. In this report, we describe a metabolic phenotyping procedure that can be used to determine concomitantly the hepatic CYP1A2 and NAT2 phenotypes. For the NAT2 phenotype, we confirm the valid use of the urinary molar ratio of AFMU/1-methylxanthine, even in alkaline urines. For the CYP1A2 phenotype, the urinary molar ratio of [1,7-dimethylxanthine + 1,7-dimethyluric acid]/caffeine, taken at 4-5 h after caffeine ingestion, was identified from pharmacokinetic analyses of 12 subjects as being better correlated (r = 0.73; p = 0.007) with the rate constant for caffeine 3-demethylation than other previously suggested ratios. This procedure was then used to determine the CYP1A2 phenotype in subjects from Arkansas (n = 101), Italy (n = 95), and China (n = 78). Statistical and probit analyses of nonsmokers indicated that the CYP1A2 activity was not normally distributed and appeared trimodal. This trimodality allowed arbitrary designation of slow, intermediate, and rapid phenotypes, which ranged from 12-13% slow, 51-67% intermediate, and 20-37% rapid, in the different populations. A reproducibility study of 13 subjects over a 5 day or 5 week period showed that, with one exception, intraindividual variability did not alter this CYP1A2 phenotypic classification. Induction of CYP1A2 by cigarette smoking was also confirmed by the increased caffeine metabolite ratios observed in the Arkansas and Italian smokers (blonde tobacco). However, Italian smokers of black tobacco and Chinese smokers did not appear to be induced. Furthermore, probit analyses of Arkansas and Italian blonde tobacco smokers could not discriminate between phenotypes, apparently as a consequence of enzyme induction. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES HFT-100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 379 Z9 388 U1 3 U2 10 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0960-314X J9 PHARMACOGENETICS JI Pharmacogenetics PD JUN PY 1992 VL 2 IS 3 BP 116 EP 127 DI 10.1097/00008571-199206000-00003 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LG853 UT WOS:A1992LG85300003 PM 1306111 ER PT J AU FERGUSON, SA PAULE, MG AF FERGUSON, SA PAULE, MG TI ACUTE EFFECTS OF CHLORPROMAZINE IN A MONKEY OPERANT BEHAVIORAL-TEST BATTERY SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE CHLORPROMAZINE; MONKEY; OPERANT BEHAVIOR; LEARNING; SHORT-TERM MEMORY; TIME PERCEPTION; MOTIVATION; COLOR AND POSITION DISCRIMINATION ID RHESUS-MONKEYS; REACTION-TIME; DRUGS; PERFORMANCE; NEURONS AB The effects of acute chlorpromazine treatment were assessed using a complex operant test battery (OTB) containing five tasks thought to depend upon processes associated with short-term memory and attention [delayed-matching-to-sample (DMTS)], color and position discrimination [conditioned position responding (CPR)], motivation [progressive ratio (PR)], time perception [temporal response differentiation (TRD)], and learning [incremental repeated acquisition (IRA)]. Adult male rhesus monkeys were tested 15 min after IV injection of saline or chlorpromazine (0.010, 0.030, 0.100, or 0.175 mg/kg). Behavioral endpoints measured included percent task completed, response rate or latency, and response accuracy. The order of task sensitivity to disruption by chlorpromazine was TRD = PR = IRA = DMTS = CPR in which sensitivity was defined as a significant alteration in any aspect of task performance. Chlorpromazine slowed response rates in all tasks except TRD but did decrease accuracy in that task. These effects were similar to those noted in previous studies of acute chlorpromazine treatment. Specific motoric effects suggested decreased task initiation at doses that left general motor ability intact. This finding is similar to that noted in parkinsonism caused by chronic chlorpromazine treatment. RP FERGUSON, SA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 47 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 42 IS 2 BP 333 EP 341 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(92)90536-O PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HZ687 UT WOS:A1992HZ68700021 PM 1631189 ER PT J AU DEUTSCH, T WAYNANT, R AF DEUTSCH, T WAYNANT, R TI PROLOG TO THE SPECIAL SECTION ON LASERS IN MEDICINE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,CDRH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP DEUTSCH, T (reprint author), MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,DEPT DERMATOL,WELLMAN LABS PHOTOMED,BOSTON,MA 02114, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD JUN PY 1992 VL 80 IS 6 BP 831 EP 832 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA JG019 UT WOS:A1992JG01900005 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SL MACKALL, JC MALIK, A ROUSE, DA CHAPARAS, SD AF MORRIS, SL MACKALL, JC MALIK, A ROUSE, DA CHAPARAS, SD TI SKIN TESTING WITH RECOMBINANT MYCOBACTERIUM-INTRACELLULARE ANTIGENS SO TUBERCLE AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article ID T-CELL; IMMUNOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; TUBERCULOSIS; PROTEIN; REACTIVITY; INFECTION; EPITOPES AB The immunoreactivity of four recombinant Mycobacterium intracellulare beta-galactosidase fusion proteins, which correspond to 22, 40, 43 and 85 kDa M. intracellulare antigens, was assessed. Lymphoproliferative assays demonstrated that Escherichia coli lysates containing each of the fusion proteins stimulated T cells in vitro. Purified preparations of three of these recombinant M. intracellulare antigens (22, 43 and 85 kDa) also induced delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions in sensitized guinea pigs. However, the skin test responses evoked by each of these antigens was not species-specific. Given these results, the potential utility as skin test reagents of the purified antigens or peptides derived from these proteins is discussed. RP MORRIS, SL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND EH1 3AF SN 0962-8479 J9 TUBERCLE LUNG DIS JI Tubercle Lung Dis. PD JUN PY 1992 VL 73 IS 3 BP 129 EP 133 DI 10.1016/0962-8479(92)90144-9 PG 5 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA JA685 UT WOS:A1992JA68500002 PM 1421343 ER PT J AU TANKERSLEY, DL FINLAYSON, JS AF TANKERSLEY, DL FINLAYSON, JS TI HOUSEDUST MITE ALLERGENS AND IGG SO LANCET LA English DT Letter RP TANKERSLEY, DL (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAY 30 PY 1992 VL 339 IS 8805 BP 1364 EP 1364 DI 10.1016/0140-6736(92)92019-C PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HW837 UT WOS:A1992HW83700057 PM 1350036 ER PT J AU ONORATO, IM WASSILAK, SG MEADE, B AF ONORATO, IM WASSILAK, SG MEADE, B TI EFFICACY OF WHOLE-CELL PERTUSSIS-VACCINE IN PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN IN THE UNITED-STATES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; HOUSEHOLD EXPOSURE; DIPHTHERIA; ANTIBODY; DTP AB Objective.-To evaluate the efficacy of currently used whole-cell pertussis vaccines. Design.-Active surveillance to detect pertussis cases in Baltimore, Md, Denver, Colo, and Milwaukee, Wis, and investigation of secondary attack rates in 347 household contacts, aged 1 through 4 years, to estimate vaccine efficacy. Outcome Measure.-Vaccine efficacy was estimated using different case definitions for pertussis. Results.-Vaccine efficacy was 64%, 81%, and 95% for case definitions of mild cough, paroxysmal cough, and severe clinical illness, respectively. Requiring laboratory confirmation increased efficacy to 95% to 98% for culture-positive children and to 77% to 95% for culture- or serology-confirmed cases, depending on disease severity. Vaccine efficacy for typical paroxysmal cough increased from 44% for one diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine dose to 80% for four or more doses. Conclusions.-The trend toward increasing vaccine efficacy with different case definitions may be due to improved efficacy in preventing severe illness and to case definitions that are more specific for pertussis. Whole-cell pertussis vaccine was highly effective in preventing pertussis in preschool children exposed to infection within their households. Direct side-by-side efficacy studies of whole-cell vaccine and the recently licensed acellular vaccine will be necessary to assure that comparable protection is afforded by the new vaccines if they are to be used for immunization of infants. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP ONORATO, IM (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR PREVENT SERV,TECH INFORMAT SERV,DIV IMMUNIZAT,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 26 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 27 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 20 BP 2745 EP 2749 DI 10.1001/jama.267.20.2745 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HV265 UT WOS:A1992HV26500020 PM 1578592 ER PT J AU HUNGERFORD, JM AREFYEV, AA AF HUNGERFORD, JM AREFYEV, AA TI FLOW-INJECTION ASSAY OF ENZYME-INHIBITION IN FISH USING IMMOBILIZED DIAMINE OXIDASE SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON FLOW ANALYSIS CY AUG 21-24, 1991 CL INST TECHNOL KUMAMOTO, KUMAMOTO, JAPAN HO INST TECHNOL KUMAMOTO DE FLOW SYSTEM; FLUOROMETRY; DIAMINE OXIDASE; ENZYME INHIBITION; ENZYME REACTOR; FISH; HISTAMINE ID HISTAMINE; INVITRO; COLUMN AB A flow-injection assay for inhibition of diamine oxidase (DAO) is described. Histamine in decomposed fish is detected and used as the enzyme substrate. Sample extracts are doubly injected; one of the two resulting sample zones is passed through a reactor containing DAO immobilized to Sepharose. Histamine is detected sequentially in both the pristine and enzymatically treated zones. The detection chemistry (kinetics-optimized condensation with phthalic dicarboxaldehyde) allows the selective detection of histamine. Subsequent calibration with histamine standard and comparison of the two peak heights allows generic detection of compounds inhibiting the- DAO-mediated conversion of histamine. Preliminary data show that the system can detect inhibitors in extracts of decomposed Mahi-Mahi (associated with a Scombroid poisoning outbreak) and that far lower levels of inhibition are observed in fresh fish. Several known inhibitors and competitive substrates of DAO are also tested. RP HUNGERFORD, JM (reprint author), US FDA,SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR,22201 23RD DR SE,POB 3042,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-2670 J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA JI Anal. Chim. Acta PD MAY 25 PY 1992 VL 261 IS 1-2 BP 351 EP 359 DI 10.1016/0003-2670(92)80213-Q PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA HX856 UT WOS:A1992HX85600046 ER PT J AU ROBBINS, JD APPEL, NM LAURENZA, A SIMPSON, IA DESOUZA, EB SEAMON, KB AF ROBBINS, JD APPEL, NM LAURENZA, A SIMPSON, IA DESOUZA, EB SEAMON, KB TI DIFFERENTIAL IDENTIFICATION AND LOCALIZATION OF ADENYLYL CYCLASE AND GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER IN BRAIN USING IODINATED DERIVATIVES OF FORSKOLIN SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE AUTORADIOGRAPHY; RECEPTOR BINDING; 2ND MESSENGER; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER; ADENYLYL CYCLASE; BRAIN; FORSKOLIN ID RAT-BRAIN; BINDING-SITES; FORSKOLIN BINDING; H-3 FORSKOLIN; AUTORADIOGRAPHY; DISEASE; BARRIER; SYSTEMS AB Two radioiodinated derivatives of forskolin, [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk and [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk, were synthesized as specific ligands for adenytyl cyclase and glucose transporter, respectively. [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk bound to bovine brain homogenates with a K(d) of 9 nM and binding was inhibited by forskolin but not 1,9-dideoxyforskolin, cytochalasin B, or D-glucose. [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk bound to bovine brain homogenates at two classes of binding sites with K(d)'s of 56 nM and 4.7-mu-M; cytochalasin B and D-glucose inhibited 75% of the high affinity binding while having no effect on the low affinity binding. [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk and [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk were used to localize adenylyl cyclase and glucose transporter in rat brain by receptor autoradiography. The pattern of binding obtained with [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk was similar to that observed using [H-3]forskolin to detect adenylyl cyclase. In contrast, the pattern of binding obtained with [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk was similar to that observed by others using [H-3]cytochalasin B to detect glucose transporter. These iodinated ligands are selective for adenylyl cyclase and glucose transporter and require significantly shorter exposure times to yield autoradiographs than tritiated ligands. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF RES RESOURCES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NIDDDK,EXPTL DIABET METAB & NUTR SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. DUPONT MERCK PHARMACEUT CORP,CENT NERVOUS SYST DIABET RES,WILMINGTON,DE 19880. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 22 PY 1992 VL 581 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(92)90354-C PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA HZ943 UT WOS:A1992HZ94300018 PM 1498664 ER PT J AU WIDMALM, G BYRD, RA EGAN, W AF WIDMALM, G BYRD, RA EGAN, W TI A CONFORMATIONAL STUDY OF ALPHA-L-RHAP-(1-]2)-ALPHA-L-RHAP-(1-]OME) BY NMR NUCLEAR OVERHAUSER EFFECT SPECTROSCOPY (NOESY) AND MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS CALCULATIONS SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TWO-DIMENSIONAL NOE; BASELINE DISTORTIONS; CROSS-RELAXATION; SPECTRA; ELIMINATION; PHASE; MINIMIZATION; ARTIFACTS; ENERGY; MODEL AB The conformational preference of the disaccharide alpha-L-Rhap-(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1 --> OMe) (1) about the glycosidic torsion angles, phi and psi, was studied by NMR NOESY spectroscopy and molecular mechanics calculations. The NOE data were consistent with either of two distinct conformations close to minima on a calculated phi/psi potential energy surface. Starting from the lowest energy conformation. a 1-ns molecular dynamics (MD) trajectory was computed in vacuo, from which the NOE curves were simulated and compared to the experimentally observed NOESY data. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Byrd, R. Andrew/F-8042-2015 OI Byrd, R. Andrew/0000-0003-3625-4232 NR 39 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0008-6215 J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD MAY 22 PY 1992 VL 229 IS 2 BP 195 EP 211 DI 10.1016/S0008-6215(00)90570-6 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA HZ275 UT WOS:A1992HZ27500001 PM 1394287 ER PT J AU BERGOT, BJ EGAN, W AF BERGOT, BJ EGAN, W TI SEPARATION OF SYNTHETIC PHOSPHOROTHIOATE OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES FROM THEIR OXYGENATED (PHOSPHODIESTER) DEFECT SPECIES BY STRONG-ANION-EXCHANGE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY OF PROTEINS, PEPTIDES AND POLYNUCLEOTIDES CY OCT 20-23, 1991 CL WASHINGTON, DC ID ANALOGS; OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDES; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; SULFUR AB A method is described which separates synthetic deoxynucleotide phosphorothioates from their oxygenated (phosphodiester, "P=O") defect species by strong-anion-exchange chromatography, using novel "soft-base" anionic eluents. The method enables the qualitative and quantitative assessment of P=O content in phosphorothioate DNA, and represents a rapid and sample-conserving alternative to P-31-NMR. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP BERGOT, BJ (reprint author), APPL BIOSYST INC,THERAPEUT GRP,FOSTER CITY,CA 94404, USA. NR 16 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD MAY 22 PY 1992 VL 599 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(92)85456-4 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA HX992 UT WOS:A1992HX99200006 ER PT J AU ALAVA, MA DEBELL, KE CONTI, A HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E AF ALAVA, MA DEBELL, KE CONTI, A HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E TI INCREASED INTRACELLULAR CYCLIC-AMP INHIBITS INOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROLYSIS INDUCED BY PERTURBATION OF THE T-CELL RECEPTOR CD3 COMPLEX BUT NOT BY G-PROTEIN STIMULATION - ASSOCIATION WITH PROTEIN KINASE-A-MEDIATED PHOSPHORYLATION OF PHOSPHOLIPASE C-GAMMA-1 SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CYTOPLASMIC FREE CALCIUM; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; LYMPHOCYTES-T; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; CHOLERA-TOXIN; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; SURFACE MOLECULES; ACTIVATION; CAMP; BINDING AB Modulation of inositol phospholipid (InsPL) hydrolysis in response to increasing intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP (cAMP) was studied in a murine T helper type II (Th2) lymphocyte clone, 8-5-5. Intact 8-5-5 cells produced maximal amounts of cAMP in response to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cholera toxin (CTx) or 7-beta-deacetyl-7-beta-(gamma-N-methylpiperazino)butyryl forskolin (dmpb-forskolin). cAMP generation reached a plateau after 5 min of treatment with dmpb-forskolin (300-mu-M) or PGE2 (1-mu-M), but required 60 min of treatment with CTx (1-mu-g/ml). Preincubation of 8-5-5 cells with 1-mu-M-PGE2 or 300-mu-M-dmpb-forskolin (10 min at 37-degrees-C) or with 1-mu-g of CTx/ml (60 min at 37-degrees-C) completely inhibited InsPL hydrolysis induced by perturbation of the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex with the monoclonal antibody 145.2C11. Preincubation with the cAMP analogue 8-bromo-cyclic AMP (8-Br-cAMP) also inhibited InsPL hydrolysis. Tetanolysin-permeabilized 8-5-5 cells produced cAMP in response to PGE2, dmpb-forskolin and guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (GTP[S]), a non-cell-permeating, non-hydrolysable analogue of GTP that directly activates G-proteins. No inhibition of TCR/CD3-induced InsPL hydrolysis was observed under these conditions. InsPL hydrolysis was also unaffected when permeabilized cells were incubated with up to 10 mM-8-Br-cAMP, suggesting that permeabilized cells lost (a) soluble effector molecule(s) involved in mediating the inhibitory effect observed in intact cells. Treatment of 8-5-5 cells with dmpb-forskolin or CTx prior to permeabilization resulted in inhibition of TCR/CD3-induced InsPL hydrolysis, but did not affect InsPL hydrolysis induced via G-protein stimulation with GTP[S]. Treatment of permeabilized 8-5-5 cells with purified cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) resulted in inhibition of TCR/CD3- but not GTP[S]-induced InsPL hydrolysis. This effect was associated with phosphorylation of phospholipase (PLC)-gamma-l in the absence of phosphorylation of components of the TCR/CD3 complex. These results suggest that PKA-mediated phosphorylation of PLC may regulate TCR/CD3-induced InsPL hydrolysis. RP ALAVA, MA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,NIH CAMPUS,BLDG 29,ROOM 231,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 48 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD MAY 15 PY 1992 VL 284 BP 189 EP 199 PN 1 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HV223 UT WOS:A1992HV22300027 PM 1318020 ER PT J AU CAO, XQ LIU, TY NAKHASI, HL AF CAO, XQ LIU, TY NAKHASI, HL TI THE CIS-ACTING 3'-ELEMENT OF RUBELLA-VIRUS RNA HAS DNA PROMOTER ACTIVITY SO GENE LA English DT Note DE TATA BOX; TRANSCRIPTION; CAT ACTIVITY; PRIMER EXTENSION; DNA-GEL SHIFT ASSAY ID SINDBIS VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; REGION; MUTAGENESIS; ARTHRITIS; EVOLUTION; PROTEINS; GENES AB The 3'-terminal region of the rubella virus (RV) positive-strand RNA, referred to here as the cis-acting element (CAE), is implicated in the initiation of negative-strand RNA synthesis. Sequence analysis of the 3'-CAE shows that there is a putative TATA box which is surrounded by G+C-rich sequences. To determine whether this element, in a DNA form, has the capability to initiate transcription, a 3'-end 165-bp NarI-EcoRI fragment from the RV cDNA was cloned upstream from a cat reporter gene. The level of CAT activity was dependent on the presence of the 3'-CAE and the SV40 enhancer. Primer extension analysis of the CAT mRNA showed that the the transcription start point is in the RV 3'-CAE, 34 bp downstream from the putative TATA box. DNA-gel shift analysis revealed that three nucleoprotein-specific complexes were formed with the 3'-CAE and the binding sites for these proteins were between bp -64 to - 108. The possible promoter function of the RV 3'-CAE is discussed in context to RV persistence. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BLDG 29,ROOM 107,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD MAY 15 PY 1992 VL 114 IS 2 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(92)90583-B PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA HY382 UT WOS:A1992HY38200015 PM 1318246 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI WARNINGS ON USE OF ACE INHIBITORS IN 2ND AND 3RD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 13 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 18 BP 2445 EP 2445 DI 10.1001/jama.267.18.2445 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HT068 UT WOS:A1992HT06800005 PM 1349355 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW REQUIREMENT FOR MANUFACTURERS TO TRACK CERTAIN MEDICAL DEVICES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 13 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 18 BP 2445 EP 2445 DI 10.1001/jama.267.18.2445 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HT068 UT WOS:A1992HT06800004 PM 1349355 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI 2 NEW THERAPIES AVAILABLE UNDER TREATMENT IND SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 13 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 18 BP 2445 EP 2445 DI 10.1001/jama.267.18.2445 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HT068 UT WOS:A1992HT06800006 PM 1349355 ER PT J AU JOLSON, HM BEHRMAN, RE AF JOLSON, HM BEHRMAN, RE TI TB OR NOT TB, THAT IS THE QUESTION SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTION; TUBERCULOSIS RP JOLSON, HM (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAY 13 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 18 BP 2471 EP 2472 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HT068 UT WOS:A1992HT06800018 PM 1573720 ER PT J AU MORSE, DE EVONIUK, G BLACK, PL USSERY, MA AF MORSE, DE EVONIUK, G BLACK, PL USSERY, MA TI NEUROPATHOLOGIES ASSOCIATED WITH DIDEOXYCYTOSINE - A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; PHASE-I TRIAL; 2',3'-DIDEOXYINOSINE DDI; AXONAL NEUROPATHY; 2',3'-DIDEOXYCYTIDINE C1 SO RES INST,FREDERICK,MD 21071. RP MORSE, DE (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [IU01AI25617-01] NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD MAY 11 PY 1992 VL 648 BP 312 EP 316 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb24566.x PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM216 UT WOS:A1992JM21600051 PM 1322083 ER PT J AU SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W ALI, SF BOWYER, JF HOLSON, RR LIPE, GW LIPSCOMB, JC ROUNTREE, RL STEWART, CW MATTHEWS, JC AF SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W ALI, SF BOWYER, JF HOLSON, RR LIPE, GW LIPSCOMB, JC ROUNTREE, RL STEWART, CW MATTHEWS, JC TI AGE AND DIETARY FACTORS IN HIPPOCAMPAL SENSITIVITY TO TRIMETHYLTIN SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID RAT C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI,SCH PHARM,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. RP SCALLET, AC (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD MAY 11 PY 1992 VL 648 BP 340 EP 342 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb24575.x PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM216 UT WOS:A1992JM21600060 PM 1637066 ER PT J AU NAKAGAWA, Y RIVERA, V LARNER, AC AF NAKAGAWA, Y RIVERA, V LARNER, AC TI A ROLE FOR THE NA/K-ATPASE IN THE CONTROL OF HUMAN C-FOS AND C-JUN TRANSCRIPTION SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SERUM RESPONSE ELEMENT; EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; PROTO-ONCOGENE FOS; 12-O-TETRADECANOYL PHORBOL-13-ACETATE; MEDIATE INDUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; INTERFERON; DNA; SEQUENCES; RNA AB The c-fos proto-oncogene is known to be regulated by a variety of hormones, growth factors, and other conditions that alter cellular metabolism. The regulation of c-fos RNA concentrations is known to occur both by altered RNA half-life and/or changes in the transcription rate of the gene. In most cases thus far investigated, induction of c-fos transcription by growth factors occurs very rapidly and transiently. Results presented in this paper show that ouabain, a specific inhibitor of the Na/K-ATPase increases the transcription of c-fos, as well as c-jun, in a variety of cultured cells. However, in contrast to other agents that induce c-fos and c-jun expression, the increased transcription rate of these genes in the presence of ouabain required several hours and remained elevated for at least 16 h. NIH 3T3 cells that have been transfected with deletions of the human c-fos promoter have enabled us to define at least two elements within the promotor that are regulated by ouabain. These include the serum response element and a region between 123 and 222 base pairs 5' to the start site of transcription. We speculate that regulation of the intracellular ion balance through changes in Na/K pump activity may be a general mechanism by which basal transcriptional activity of c-fos is modulated. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,BOSTON,MA 02115. NR 35 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAY 5 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 13 BP 8785 EP 8788 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HR854 UT WOS:A1992HR85400015 PM 1374380 ER PT J AU BERTIN, PA MARTI, GE AF BERTIN, PA MARTI, GE TI EXPRESSION OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY-CHAIN VARIABLE GENE (V(H)) IN B-CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA (B-CLL) AND B-PROLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (B-PLL) CELL-LINES - RESTRICTED USAGE OF V(H)3 FAMILY SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article RP BERTIN, PA (reprint author), NIH, US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PD MAY 4 PY 1992 VL 651 BP 464 EP 464 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM219 UT WOS:A1992JM21900059 ER PT J AU FAGUET, GB MARTI, GE AGEE, JF BERTIN, P AF FAGUET, GB MARTI, GE AGEE, JF BERTIN, P TI CD5 POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE B-CLL - EVIDENCE SUPPORTING PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY IN B-CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA (B-CLL) SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article C1 MED COLL GEORGIA, DEPT MED, AUGUSTA, GA 30912 USA. MED COLL GEORGIA, DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL, AUGUSTA, GA 30912 USA. US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, BETHESDA, MD 20014 USA. RP FAGUET, GB (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CANC IMMUNOL LAB, 111N, AUGUSTA, GA 30910 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PD MAY 4 PY 1992 VL 651 BP 470 EP 474 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM219 UT WOS:A1992JM21900061 ER PT J AU MARTI, GE FAGUET, G BERTIN, P AGEE, J WASHINGTON, G RUIZ, S CARTER, P ZENGER, V VOGT, R NOGUCHI, P AF MARTI, GE FAGUET, G BERTIN, P AGEE, J WASHINGTON, G RUIZ, S CARTER, P ZENGER, V VOGT, R NOGUCHI, P TI CD20 AND CD5 EXPRESSION IN B-CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CELLS C1 MED COLL GEORGIA, VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT MED, AUGUSTA, GA 30912 USA. MED COLL GEORGIA, VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL, AUGUSTA, GA 30912 USA. CTR DIS CONTROL, DIV ENVIRONM HLTH LAB SCI, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA. RP MARTI, GE (reprint author), NIH, US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PD MAY 4 PY 1992 VL 651 BP 480 EP 483 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM219 UT WOS:A1992JM21900064 ER PT J AU PLUDA, JM BRODER, S VENZON, D TOSATO, G LIETZAU, J YARCHOAN, R AF PLUDA, JM BRODER, S VENZON, D TOSATO, G LIETZAU, J YARCHOAN, R TI FACTORS PREDICTIVE OF OPPORTUNISTIC NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA (NHL) IN SEVERELY IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS ON LONG-TERM ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD. RI Venzon, David/B-3078-2008 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 8 IS 5 BP 892 EP 892 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JA513 UT WOS:A1992JA51300159 ER PT J AU NORCROSS, MA RODERIQUEZ, G CALLAHAN, L AF NORCROSS, MA RODERIQUEZ, G CALLAHAN, L TI CHARACTERIZATION OF HIV INDUCED AUTOANTIBODIES TO CRYPTIC EPITOPES ON CD4 SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,RETROVIROL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 8 IS 5 BP 907 EP 907 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JA513 UT WOS:A1992JA51300214 ER PT J AU NORCROSS, MA PHELAN, M MALLINSON, M CALLAHAN, L AF NORCROSS, MA PHELAN, M MALLINSON, M CALLAHAN, L TI DEXTRAN SULFATE BLOCKS ANTIBODY-BINDING TO THE PRINCIPLE NEUTRALIZING DOMAIN OF HIV-1 WITHOUT INTERFERING WITH GP120-CD4 INTERACTIONS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 8 IS 5 BP 907 EP 907 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JA513 UT WOS:A1992JA51300213 ER PT J AU GOLDING, H DIMITROV, D BLUMENTHAL, R AF GOLDING, H DIMITROV, D BLUMENTHAL, R TI LFA-1 ADHESION MOLECULE IS INVOLVED IN HIV-1 ENV-MEDIATED SYNCYTIA FORMATION BUT NOT IN EARLY STAGES OF CELL-FUSION SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NCI,LMMB,MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 8 IS 5 BP 918 EP 918 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JA513 UT WOS:A1992JA51300251 ER PT J AU HEWLETT, IK JOSHI, B RIORDAN, G POLLOCK, L EPSTEIN, JS AF HEWLETT, IK JOSHI, B RIORDAN, G POLLOCK, L EPSTEIN, JS TI INDUCTION OF HIV-1 FROM CHRONICALLY INFECTED PROMONOCYTIC CELLS BY CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 8 IS 5 BP 919 EP 919 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JA513 UT WOS:A1992JA51300258 ER PT J AU BLAY, R BETTS, M CLERICI, M HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B AF BLAY, R BETTS, M CLERICI, M HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B TI BRUCELLA-ABORTUS IS CAPABLE OF STIMULATING HUMAN T-CELLS FROM NONINFECTED AND HIV-1 INFECTED INDIVIDUALS TO SECRETE INTERFERON-GAMMA SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NCI,IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 8 IS 5 BP 944 EP 944 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA JA513 UT WOS:A1992JA51300346 ER PT J AU SAAVEDRADELGADO, AM AF SAAVEDRADELGADO, AM TI VONHEBRA,FERDINAND ON ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME SO ALLERGY PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article RP SAAVEDRADELGADO, AM (reprint author), CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ONCOL & PULM DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OCEAN SIDE PUBLICATIONS INC PI PROVIDENCE PA 95 PITMAN ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02906 SN 1046-9354 J9 ALLERGY PROC JI Allergy Proc. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 13 IS 3 BP 155 EP 157 DI 10.2500/108854192778878764 PG 3 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA JB229 UT WOS:A1992JB22900009 PM 1505757 ER PT J AU MILLER, MM PLOWCHALK, DR WEITZMAN, GA LONDON, SN MATTISON, DR AF MILLER, MM PLOWCHALK, DR WEITZMAN, GA LONDON, SN MATTISON, DR TI THE EFFECT OF BENZO(A)PYRENE ON MURINE OVARIAN AND CORPORA-LUTEA VOLUMES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CORPORA LUTEA; OVARY; SMOKING; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; OOCYTE DESTRUCTION; FERTILITY; SMOKING; MICE AB OBJECTIVE: Women who smoke have impaired fertility and experience menopause at an earlier age. This experiment determined the effect of benzo(a)pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contained in cigarette smoke, on murine ovarian volume, total corpora lutea volume, individual corpora lutea volumes, and corpora lutea numbers. STUDY DESIGN: C57BL/6N mice were treated with intraperitoneal injections of 0 to 500 mg/kg benzo(a)pyrene in corn oil. The 20 mice at each dose were divided into four groups of five each and were killed at 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks after treatment. Ovaries were serially sectioned and analyzed morphometrically. RESULTS: Benzo(a)pyrene produced a dose- and time-dependent decrease in ovarian volume, total corpora lutea volume, and number of corpora lutea per ovary. This effect was transitory at low doses with complete recovery of corpora lutea by 4 weeks. Compensatory hypertrophy of the individual corpora lutea occurred during the recovery phase. Ovarian function did not return in animals treated with the two highest doses. CONCLUSION: Benzo(a)pyrene is a murine ovarian toxicant that inhibits corpus luteum formation in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,INTEGRATED TOXICOL PROGRAM,DURHAM,NC 27710. UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,LEXINGTON,KY 40506. UNIV PITTSBURGH,GRAD SCH PUBL HLTH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. RP MILLER, MM (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,4301 W MARKHAM,SLOT 518,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. RI Mattison, Donald/C-2015-2009; Mattison, Donald/L-4661-2013 OI Mattison, Donald/0000-0001-5623-0874 NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 166 IS 5 BP 1535 EP 1541 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA HU954 UT WOS:A1992HU95400036 PM 1595809 ER PT J AU HILBERT, SL FERRANS, VJ MCALLISTER, HA COOLEY, DA AF HILBERT, SL FERRANS, VJ MCALLISTER, HA COOLEY, DA TI IONESCU-SHILEY BOVINE PERICARDIAL BIOPROSTHESES - HISTOLOGIC AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEART-VALVE BIOPROSTHESES; PRIMARY TISSUE FAILURE; AORTIC POSITION; CARDIAC VALVES; FOLLOW-UP; PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS; XENOGRAFT; HANCOCK; CLASSIFICATION; HETEROGRAFTS AB Studies were done on the structural changes that develop in Ionescu-Shiley valves that are used as replacement heart valves for 4 to 8 years. These changes were compared with those found in similarly used porcine aortic valve (PAV) bioprostheses. A variety of morphologic differences were observed between bovine pericardial valve (BPV) and PAV bioprostheses after orthotopic implantation including: primary tissue failure associated with the use of an alignment suture, thickening of valve leaflet, leaflet tissue delamination, leaflet calcification, and dystrophic alterations of collagen. These findings indicate that valve design criteria directly influence the durability of pericardial valves. However, other factors unique to pericardial tissue also affect the durability and performance of BPVs. These factors include the inability of pericardial tissue to accommodate dynamic stresses; the extensive insudation of plasma proteins and lipids; and the inability to reduce leaflet calcification using agents that effectively mitigate calcification in PAV bioprostheses. C1 NHLBI,PATHOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. TEXAS HEART INST,DEPT PATHOL,HOUSTON,TX 77025. TEXAS HEART INST,DIV SURG,HOUSTON,TX 77025. RP HILBERT, SL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 28 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 140 IS 5 BP 1195 EP 1204 PG 10 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA HU007 UT WOS:A1992HU00700022 PM 1580331 ER PT J AU HERRERA, CR GRASELA, TH WALAWANDER, CA AF HERRERA, CR GRASELA, TH WALAWANDER, CA TI A NATIONWIDE INVESTIGATION OF A POSSIBLE PROTAMINE DRUG-PRODUCT DEFECT SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Note AB OBJECTIVE: To follow-up a report submitted to FDA Spontaneous Reporting System, we investigated the hypothesis that there was not a striking increase in unexpected deaths within four hours after elective coronary artery bypass surgery associated with protamine sulfate use. DESIGN: Surveys were mailed to clinical pharmacists at 521 hospitals participating in the Drug Surveillance Network. Questionnaires were to be completed with the assistance of cardiac surgeons and anesthesiologists. Hospitals responding with a suspected problem with protamine were contacted via telephone. RESULTS: Surveys were received from clinical pharmacists at 380 hospitals (73 percent response rate) and 29 hospitals reported the occurrence of potential problems associated with protamine during coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Telephone interviews of the positive responders yielded six cases of possible myocardial decomposition potentially associated with protamine. There was no association with a specific distributor, however, and none of the hospitals reported a dramatic increase in serious adverse events around the time of index cases. CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence of a widespread public health problem with protamine and a product recall was not necessary. The high response rate and the ability to follow-up with telephone interviews suggests that the Drug Surveillance Network is an effective mechanism for investigating possible outbreaks of serious adverse events in the hospital setting. C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. SUNY BUFFALO,CTR PHARMACOEPIDEMIOL RES,BUFFALO,NY 14260. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 26 IS 5 BP 643 EP 644 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HT842 UT WOS:A1992HT84200007 PM 1591423 ER PT J AU TAMPLIN, ML CAPERS, GM AF TAMPLIN, ML CAPERS, GM TI PERSISTENCE OF VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS IN TISSUES OF GULF-COAST OYSTERS, CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA, EXPOSED TO SEAWATER DISINFECTED WITH UV-LIGHT SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; DEPURATION; SHELLFISH AB Vibrio vulnificus is an estuarine bacterium which can cause opportunistic infections in humans consuming raw Gulf Coast oysters, Crassostrea virginica. Although V. vulnificus is known as a ubiquitous organism in the Gulf of Mexico, its ecological relationship with C. virginica has not been adequately defined. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that V. vulnificus is a persistent microbial flora of oysters and unamenable to traditional methods of controlled purification, such as UV light depuration. Experimental depuration systems consisted of aquaria containing temperature-controlled seawater treated with UV light and 0.2-mu-m-pore-size filtration. V. vulnificus was enumerated in seawater, oyster shell biofilms, homogenates of whole oyster meats, and tissues including the hemolymph, digestive region, gills, mantle, and adductor muscle. Results showed that depuration systems conducted at temperatures greater than 23-degrees-C caused V. vulnificus counts to increase in oysters, especially in the hemolymph, adductor muscle, and mantle. Throughout the process, depuration water contained high concentrations of V. vulnificus, indicating that the disinfection properties of UV radiation and 0.2-mu-m-pore-size filtration were less than the rate at which V. vulnificus was released into seawater. Approximately 10(5) to 10(6) V. vulnificus organisms were released from each oyster per hour, with 0.05 to 35% originating from shell surfaces. These surfaces contained greater than 10(3) V. vulnificus organisms per CM2. In contrast, when depuration seawater was maintained at 15-degrees-C, V. vulnificus was not detected in seawater and multiplication in oyster tissues was inhibited. C1 US FDA,FISHERY RES BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. JACKSON STATE UNIV,JACKSON,MS 39217. RP TAMPLIN, ML (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,INST FOOD & AGR SCI,HOME ECON PROGRAM,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 21 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 58 IS 5 BP 1506 EP 1510 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HR873 UT WOS:A1992HR87300015 PM 1622218 ER PT J AU COYNE, PE MAXWELL, C AF COYNE, PE MAXWELL, C TI SURAMIN AND THERAPY OF ONCHOCERCIASIS SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP COYNE, PE (reprint author), US FDA, DIV ANTIINFECT DRUG PROD, HFD-520, ROOM 12-B-45, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0003-987X EI 1538-3652 J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 128 IS 5 BP 698 EP 698 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA HU003 UT WOS:A1992HU00300023 PM 1575537 ER PT J AU BRAUNBERG, RC GANTT, O BARTON, C FRIEDMAN, L AF BRAUNBERG, RC GANTT, O BARTON, C FRIEDMAN, L TI INVITRO EFFECTS OF THE NEPHROTOXINS OCHRATOXIN-A AND CITRININ UPON BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTION OF PORCINE KIDNEY SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPITHELIAL-CELL SYSTEMS; MYCOTOXIC NEPHROPATHY; RENAL-FUNCTION; PIGS; MICE; RAT; COMBINATION; INDUCTION; RESIDUES; TISSUES AB Ochratoxin A and citrinin are nephrotoxic mycotoxins found in a variety of foods and feeds. Before studying possible interactions between these two toxins, their individual biochemical effects were examined in vitro by using renal cortical explants derived from male swine of the Hormel-Hanford strain. The following measurements were performed: macromolecule biosynthesis (protein, RNA, and DNA), respiration ((CO2)-C-14 from [C-14]glucose), organic ion (tetraethyl ammonium acetate. i.e., TEA) transport, and membrane perturbation (protein leakage into medium). Levels of the toxins ranged from 0.001 to 1 mM. Ochratoxin A inhibited macromolecule biosynthesis at a lower concentration (0.001 mM) than did citrinin. Protein and DNA synthesis were particularly sensitive to ochratoxin A. Syntheses of protein and DNA were inhibited at ochratoxin A concentrations of 0.01 and 0.001 mM, respectively. RNA synthesis was less sensitive to the mycotoxin: it was inhibited only 60% at 1 mM, the highest concentration of ochratoxin A tested. Citrinin levels of 0.01 mM were required for inhibition of RNA, DNA. and protein synthesis. Inhibition by citrinin was approximately equal for all three classes of macromolecules. Citrinin was more effective than ochratoxin A in the inhibition of respiration and TEA transport: the minimum effective levels of citrinin were 1 and 0.01 mM, respectively. Serious membrane damage as evidenced by increased protein leakage was not caused by either toxin. Stimulation of respiration, perhaps reflective of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, was produced by an ochratoxin A concentration of 1 mM. Inhibition of macromolecule biosynthesis does not seem to be related to the effect of either toxin upon respiration, although a causal relationship between the effects of ochratoxin A on respiration and TEA transport cannot be ruled out. RP BRAUNBERG, RC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20708, USA. NR 58 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 22 IS 4 BP 464 EP 470 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA HP597 UT WOS:A1992HP59700018 PM 1586208 ER PT J AU BAO, JZ DAVIS, CC SCHMUKLER, RE AF BAO, JZ DAVIS, CC SCHMUKLER, RE TI FREQUENCY-DOMAIN IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS OF ERYTHROCYTES - CONSTANT PHASE-ANGLE IMPEDANCE CHARACTERISTICS AND A PHASE-TRANSITION SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Note ID ROUGH INTERFACE; FRACTAL MODEL; AC RESPONSE; MEMBRANE AB We report measurements of the electrical impedance of human erythrocytes in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 10 MHz, and for temperatures from 4 to 40-degrees-C. In order to achieve high sensitivity in this frequency range, we embedded the cells in the pores of a filter, which constrains the current to pass through the cells in the pores. Based on the geometry of the cells embedded in the filter a circuit model is proposed for the cell-filter saline system. A constant phase angle (CPA) element, i.e., an impedance of the form Z = A/(j-omega)alpha, where A is a constant, j = square-root -1, omega is angular frequency, and 0 < alpha < 1 has been used to describe the ac response of the interface between the cell surface and the electrolyte solution, i.e., the electrical double layer. The CPA and other elements of the circuit model are determined by a complex nonlinear least squares (CNLS) fit, which simultaneously fits the real and imaginary parts of the experimental data to the circuit model. The specific membrane capacitance is determined to be 0.901 +/-0.036-mu-F/CM2, and the specific cytoplasm conductivity to be 0.413 +/- 0,031 S/m at 26-degrees-C. The temperature dependence of the cytoplasm conductivity, membrane capacitance, and CPA element has been obtained. The membrane capacitance increases markedly at approximately 37-degrees-C, which suggests a phase transition in the cell membrane. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,CHEM PHYS PROGRAM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ELECTROPHYS BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP BAO, JZ (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. FU PHS HHS [223-84-6038] NR 26 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 61 IS 5 BP 1427 EP 1434 PG 8 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA HT993 UT WOS:A1992HT99300033 PM 1600086 ER PT J AU LONCHARICH, RJ BROOKS, BR PASTOR, RW AF LONCHARICH, RJ BROOKS, BR PASTOR, RW TI LANGEVIN DYNAMICS OF PEPTIDES - THE FRICTIONAL DEPENDENCE OF ISOMERIZATION RATES OF N-ACETYLALANYL-N'-METHYLAMIDE SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITIONS; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; CHAIN MOLECULES; SIMULATIONS; PROTEIN; CYCLOHEXANE; ALGORITHMS; KRAMERS; ENERGY AB The rate constant for the transition between the equatorial and axial conformations of N-acetylalanyl-N'-methylamide has been determined from Langevin dynamics (LD) simulations with no explicit solvent. The isomerization rate is maximum at collision frequency gamma = 2 ps-1, shows diffusive character for gamma greater-than-or-equal-to 10 ps-1, but does not approach zero even at gamma = 0.01 ps-1. This behavior differs from that found for a one-dimensional bistable potential and indicates that both collisional energy transfer with solvent and vibrational energy transfer between internal modes are important in the dynamics of barrier crossing for this system. It is suggested that conformational searches of peptides be carried out using LD with a collision frequency that maximizes the isomerization rate (i.e., gamma almost-equal-to 2 ps-1). This method is expected to be more efficient than either molecular dynamics in vacuo (which corresponds to LD with gamma = 0) or molecular dynamics in solvent (where dynamics is largely diffusive). C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,DIV COMP RES & TECHNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 50 TC 297 Z9 299 U1 3 U2 27 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD MAY PY 1992 VL 32 IS 5 BP 523 EP 535 DI 10.1002/bip.360320508 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA HQ085 UT WOS:A1992HQ08500007 PM 1515543 ER PT J AU DRISKELL, WJ ASHLEY, DL GRAINGER, J SIRIMANNE, SR MAZZOLA, EP PAGE, SW NEEDHAM, LL HILL, RH AF DRISKELL, WJ ASHLEY, DL GRAINGER, J SIRIMANNE, SR MAZZOLA, EP PAGE, SW NEEDHAM, LL HILL, RH TI IDENTIFICATION OF DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS OF 1,1'-ETHYLIDENEBIS [L-TRYPTOPHAN], A COMPOUND ASSOCIATED WITH EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP DRISKELL, WJ (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH & INJURY CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 48 IS 5 BP 679 EP 687 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA HM758 UT WOS:A1992HM75800007 PM 1504513 ER PT J AU NEWTON, RK MITTELSTAEDT, RA MANJANATHA, MG HEFLICH, RH AF NEWTON, RK MITTELSTAEDT, RA MANJANATHA, MG HEFLICH, RH TI DNA-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF 1-NITROSOPYRENE-INDUCED MUTATIONS IN THE HPRT GENE OF CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE MUTANTS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; BASE CHANGES; GUANINE; 1-NITROPYRENE; SPECIFICITY; SPECTRUM; KINDS AB DNA sequence was determined in 21 mutants induced at the hprt locus of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by 1-nitrosopyrene, a metabolite of the tumorigenic environmental pollutant 1-nitropyrene. Following cDNA synthesis using RNA from each of the mutants, the hprt protein-coding region was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subjected to direct DNA sequence analysis. Sixteen primary mutations were found: seven were G:C --> T:A transversions, five were G:C --> A:T transitions, two were single basepair insertions, one was a single basepair deletion, and one was a complex mutation involving substitutions at two A:T basepairs. The simple basepair substitution mutations preferentially occurred with one or two purines 3' to the mutated dG, and mutations in exons 1-4 disproportionately occurred with the mutated dG on the nontranscribed DNA strand. In addition, 12 of the mutants produced one or more cDNA PCR products with partial or complete exon deletions. Seven mutants with multiple PCR products had point mutations in one of the products; exon deletions in the other product(s) removed these point mutations. A group of solvent control mutants had a different distribution of basepair substitution mutations and a lower proportion of cDNAs with exon deletions than that found for the 1-nitrosopyrene-induced mutants. The results indicate a specificity for the induction of mutations in the hprt gene of CHO cells by 1-nitrosopyrene with respect to both the types of mutations produced and their location in the hprt gene. Also, the elimination of point mutations in many of the cDNA PCR products with exon deletions suggests that mutations in the protein-coding sequence affect hprt mRNA processing. RP NEWTON, RK (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD MAY PY 1992 VL 13 IS 5 BP 819 EP 825 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.5.819 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HV458 UT WOS:A1992HV45800014 PM 1586993 ER PT J AU STOCKBRIDGE, N MALJKOVIC, G WEIR, BK AF STOCKBRIDGE, N MALJKOVIC, G WEIR, BK TI NO EFFECT OF BILIRUBIN ON ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES OF ISOLATED CEREBROVASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS SO CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Article DE CEREBRAL VASOSPASM; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; PATCH CLAMP ID AUTOXIDATION; TIME; GENERATION; ALBUMIN AB An experimental model system, consisting of single isolated smooth muscle cells from the rat basilar artery, was developed to study the effects of spasmogens thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this study, the effects of bilirubin and oxyhemoglobin were compared. Isolated cells were studied under phase contrast optics and with the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Cells exposed to saturated solutions of bilirubin for up to 11 h exhibited only a small degree of contraction which was not significantly different from that observed in similarly treated control cells. In contrast. oxyhemoglobin (1-10-mu-M) caused an increase in calcium-activated potassium currents, cell contraction. membrane blebbing and an irreversible and precipitous decline in membrane resistance within 5 min. While these experiments do not entirely rule out a role for bilirubin in cerebral vasospasm, they do suggest that oxyhemoglobin is much more likely to be important. C1 US FDA,5600 FISHERS LANE,RM 16B45,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1015-9770 J9 CEREBROVASC DIS JI Cerebrovasc. Dis. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 2 IS 3 BP 158 EP 162 DI 10.1159/000109008 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA HZ772 UT WOS:A1992HZ77200007 ER PT J AU PANLILIO, AL BECKSAGUE, CM SIEGEL, JD ANDERSON, RL YETTS, SY CLARK, NC DUER, PN THOMASSEN, KA VESS, RW HILL, BC TABLAN, OC JARVIS, WR AF PANLILIO, AL BECKSAGUE, CM SIEGEL, JD ANDERSON, RL YETTS, SY CLARK, NC DUER, PN THOMASSEN, KA VESS, RW HILL, BC TABLAN, OC JARVIS, WR TI INFECTIONS AND PSEUDOINFECTIONS DUE TO POVIDONE-IODINE SOLUTION CONTAMINATED WITH PSEUDOMONAS-CEPACIA SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLOXAMER-IODINE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; AERUGINOSA; BACTERIA AB In 1989 we investigated the first instance of Pseudomonas cepacia infections due to intrinsic contamination of a povidone-iodine product. Six patients in a Texas pediatric facility had P. cepacia infection or pseudoinfection (three, peritonitis; one, pseudoperitonitis; and two, pseudobacteremia). Epidemiological studies showed one risk factor for infection of peritoneal fluid with P. cepacia: performance of peritoneal dialysis in the dialysis unit with use of one lot of povidone-iodine later found to be intrinsically contaminated (4/5 vs. 0/16, P = .001). Blood cultures yielded P. cepacia after nurses wiped the tops of blood culture bottles with the povidone-iodine solution before inoculation. P. cepacia was cultured from three povidone-iodine containers used at the hospital and from four containers of the same lot obtained from other health-care facilities in Texas and California. Isolates from patients and the povidone-iodine had similar antibiograms, identical plasmid profiles, and identical DNA banding patterns on the basis of results of ribonucleotide typing. This investigation demonstrates that intrinsic contamination of povidone-iodine solution with P. cepacia can result in infections in addition to colonization and/or pseudoinfection. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,INVEST & PREVENT BRANCH,HOSP ENVIRONM LAB BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,SW REG OFF,DALLAS,TX. CHILDRENS MED CTR,DALLAS,TX 75235. TEXAS DEPT HLTH,DIV EPIDEMIOL,AUSTIN,TX. RP PANLILIO, AL (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL,NOSOCOMIAL PATHOGENS LAB BRANCH,HOSP INFECT PROGRAM,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 25 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 14 IS 5 BP 1078 EP 1083 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA HQ569 UT WOS:A1992HQ56900015 PM 1376156 ER PT J AU VANGENNIP, EMSJ BAKKER, AR GREBERMAN, M AF VANGENNIP, EMSJ BAKKER, AR GREBERMAN, M TI DO THE BENEFITS OUTWEIGH THE COSTS OF PACS - THE RESULTS OF AN INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON TECHNOLOGY-ASSESSMENT OF PACS SO COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE PACS; TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT; COSTS; BENEFITS AB On May 26-27,1991, an International Workshop on the Technology Assessment of PACS was held at Enkhuizen, The Netherlands. During this workshop 35 experts in the field, from 13 different countries, discussed amongst others the required functionality of PACS, diagnostic aspects and the quality of care and organizational aspects. The key question was whether, when and how PACS is feasible, both from a financial and a clinical point of view. Data which were collected with the aid of the software tool CAPACITY formed the starting point of this meeting. This paper gives an outline of the discussions during this workshop. The main conclusion is that more clinical research is needed, to get a better insight into the costs and the clinical benefits of PACS. Because of the high costs of the PACS technology, international cooperation in this field is requested. It is recommended that the CAPACITY project, which is set up to stimulate the international dialogue and data exchange on PACS, is continued. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP VANGENNIP, EMSJ (reprint author), BAZIS,CENT DEV & SUPPORT GRP HOSP INFORMAT SYST,SCHIPHOLWEG 97,2316 XA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0169-2607 J9 COMPUT METH PROG BIO JI Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 37 IS 4 BP 265 EP 271 DI 10.1016/0169-2607(92)90037-8 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA JL157 UT WOS:A1992JL15700006 PM 1356707 ER PT J AU WELLSTOOD, S AF WELLSTOOD, S TI EVALUATION OF A LATEX TEST FOR RAPID DETECTION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL ANTIGENS IN SPUTUM SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Note ID PNEUMONIA PATIENTS; DIAGNOSIS; STREPTOCOCCI AB A latex agglutination test (Directigen) for detection of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antigens in sputum was evaluated in comparison to culture and Gram stain using 121 sputum specimens. The sensitivity, specificity and rate of agreement of the latex test compared to culture were 90 %, 79 % and 81 %, respectively. The results suggest that the latex test may be useful for detecting pneumococcal antigen in sputum. RP WELLSTOOD, S (reprint author), US FDA,5516 NICHOLSON LANE,HFB-940 ROOM 225,KENSINGTON,MD 20895, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRIEDR VIEWEG SOHN VERLAG GMBH PI WIESBADEN 1 PA PO BOX 5829, W-6200 WIESBADEN 1, GERMANY SN 0934-9723 J9 EUR J CLIN MICROBIOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 11 IS 5 BP 448 EP 451 DI 10.1007/BF01961861 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA JC976 UT WOS:A1992JC97600009 PM 1425716 ER PT J AU PENNINGTON, JAT AF PENNINGTON, JAT TI TOTAL DIET STUDIES - THE IDENTIFICATION OF CORE FOODS IN THE UNITED-STATES FOOD-SUPPLY SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article DE TOTAL DIET STUDIES; FOOD CONSUMPTION SURVEYS; CORE FOODS; NUTRIENTS; CONTAMINANTS; NUTRITION MONITORING AB Some total diet studies are based on the selection and analysis of core foods in a national or regional food supply. One way to select core foods is by computerized evaluation of the daily food intakes reported by subjects participating in national food consumption surveys. The foods consumed by the population groups of concern may be aggregated into core food groups. The foods within each group may be ranked according to daily intake and weight percentage of the total diet. The food that best represents each group may then be identified as a core food, and the daily consumption levels for each food group may then be assigned to the core food representing the group. Consumption levels may be determined for the specific age-sex categories of concern. To assess the representativeness of core foods identified in this manner, the food composition database of the national survey may be used to determine nutrient intakes based on the full range of foods in the database versus nutrient intakes based on the core foods. RP PENNINGTON, JAT (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 9 IS 3 BP 253 EP 264 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA JQ280 UT WOS:A1992JQ28000006 PM 1397400 ER PT J AU PENNINGTON, JAT HENDRICKS, TC AF PENNINGTON, JAT HENDRICKS, TC TI PROPOSAL FOR AN INTERNATIONAL INTERFACE STANDARD FOR FOOD DATABASES SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article DE INTERNATIONAL INTERFACE; FOOD DATABASES; LANGUAL; FOOD COMPOSITION; FOOD CONSUMPTION; DATA EXCHANGE AB A database interface standard incorporating the food description language LANGUAL is under development to allow international exchange of food composition, food consumption, and other food-related data. The first step in this project is the refinement and implementation of a schema for the interface standard. This schema includes descriptive terms for LANGUAL factors and other aspects of foods. The second step is the development of a repertoire of personal computer programs for retrieval of food data, using the standard interface. The third step calls for the dissemination of the results of this project to an international audience through demonstration projects for international symposia and pilot tests for scientific applications. RP PENNINGTON, JAT (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 9 IS 3 BP 265 EP 275 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA JQ280 UT WOS:A1992JQ28000007 PM 1397401 ER PT J AU PETTIT, GH AF PETTIT, GH TI LASERS TAKE UP RESIDENCE IN THE SURGICAL SUITE SO IEEE CIRCUITS AND DEVICES MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID TISSUE RP PETTIT, GH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 8755-3996 J9 IEEE CIRCUIT DEVIC JI IEEE Circuit Devices Mag. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 8 IS 3 BP 18 EP 25 DI 10.1109/101.136780 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA HU097 UT WOS:A1992HU09700004 ER PT J AU VANGENNIP, EMSJ BAKKER, AR GREBERMAN, M AF VANGENNIP, EMSJ BAKKER, AR GREBERMAN, M TI INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON TECHNOLOGY-ASSESSMENT OF PACS - ENKHUIZEN, THE NETHERLANDS, 26-27 MAY, 1991 - FOREWORD SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIO-MEDICAL COMPUTING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV TECH DEV,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP VANGENNIP, EMSJ (reprint author), BAZIS,CENT DEV & SUPPORT GRP HOSP INFORMAT SYST,SCHIPHOLWEG 97,2316 XA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0020-7101 J9 INT J BIOMED COMPUT JI Int. J. Bio-Med. Comput. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 30 IS 3-4 BP 151 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0020-7101(92)90014-J PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA HT683 UT WOS:A1992HT68300001 ER PT J AU GREBERMAN, M AF GREBERMAN, M TI HEALTH-CARE INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS - OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL COORDINATED ACTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIO-MEDICAL COMPUTING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT OF PACS ( PICTURE ARCHIVING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS ) CY MAY 26-27, 1991 CL ENKHUIZEN, NETHERLANDS SP DUTCH MINIST WELFARE HLTH & CULTURE DE INFORMATICS; HEALTH-CARE; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AB The interest in international cooperation in the applications of telecommunications technologies to healthcare is growing. This paper gives an overview of current worldwide activities and suggests opportunities for the future. RP GREBERMAN, M (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TECH DEV,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,1901 CHAPMAN AVE,HFZ240,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0020-7101 J9 INT J BIOMED COMPUT JI Int. J. Bio-Med. Comput. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 30 IS 3-4 BP 303 EP 307 DI 10.1016/0020-7101(92)90040-Y PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA HT683 UT WOS:A1992HT68300027 PM 1634281 ER PT J AU KING, JW HOPPER, ML AF KING, JW HOPPER, ML TI ANALYTICAL SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION - CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE VISTAS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY; TISSUE C1 US FDA,TOTAL DIET RES CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106. RP KING, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 35 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 375 EP 378 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800001 ER PT J AU MARTIN, JI SOLIMAN, AM AF MARTIN, JI SOLIMAN, AM TI INTERLABORATORY STUDY OF DECREASING THE NUMBER OF STANDARD POINTS IN THE OFFICIAL IRON STANDARD CURVE SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB An interlaboratory study was conducted to (1) evaluate the effects of reducing the 10 points for the iron standard curve to 5 points in Official Methods of Analysis (1990) 15th Ed., secs 944.02A-944.02C(a), and (2) compare the levels of iron found In foods by using the 10-point and 5-point standard curves. The 5 points (0.2,0.6,1.0,1.4, and 1.8-mu-g Fe/mL) were selected by eliminating every other standard point from the 10-point curve after correction for the reagent blank. No differences in the performance parameters between method versions were found when blind duplicate analysis was used to estimate the performance parameters for each sample analyzed. RP MARTIN, JI (reprint author), US FDA,60 8TH ST NE,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 384 EP 385 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800003 ER PT J AU LEE, SC PROSKY, L DEVRIES, JW AF LEE, SC PROSKY, L DEVRIES, JW TI DETERMINATION OF TOTAL, SOLUBLE, AND INSOLUBLE DIETARY FIBER IN FOODS - ENZYMATIC GRAVIMETRIC METHOD, MES-TRIS BUFFER - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PRODUCTS AB A joint AOAC/AACC (American Association of Cereal Chemists) collaborative study of methods for the determination of soluble, insoluble, and total dietary fiber (SDF, IDF, and TDF) was conducted with 11 participating laboratories. The assay is based on a modification of the AOAC TDF method 985.29 and the SDF/IDF method collaboratively studied recently by AOAC. The principles of the method are the same as those for the AOAC dietary fiber methods 985.29 and 991.42, including the use of the same 3 enzymes (heat-stable alpha-amylase, protease, and amyloglucosidase) and similar enzyme incubation conditions. In the modification, minor changes have been made to reduce analysis time and to improve assay precision: (1) MES-TRIS buffer replaces phosphate buffer; (2) one pH adjustment step is eliminated; and (3) total volumes of reaction mixture and filtration are reduced. Eleven collaborators were sent 20 analytical samples (4 cereal and grain products, 3 fruits, and 3 vegetables) for duplicate blind analysis. The SDF, IDF, and TDF content of the foods tested ranged from 0.53 to 7.17, 0.59 to 60.53, and 1.12 to 67.56 g/100 g, respectively. The respective average RSD(R) values for SDF, IDF, and TDF determinations by direct measurements were 13.1, 5.2, and 4.5%. The TDF values calculated by summing SDF and IDF were in excellent agreement with the TDF values measured independently. The modification did not alter the method performance with regard to mean dietary fiber values, yet it generated lower assay variability compared with the unmodified methods. The method for SDF, IDF, and TDF (by summing SDF and IDF) has been adopted first action by AOAC international. C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. GEN MILLS INC,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55427. RP LEE, SC (reprint author), KELLOGG CO,POB 3423,BATTLE CREEK,MI 49016, USA. NR 26 TC 287 Z9 312 U1 9 U2 50 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 395 EP 416 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800005 ER PT J AU HANNA, GM LAUCAM, CA AF HANNA, GM LAUCAM, CA TI H-1-NMR SPECTROSCOPIC METHOD WITH CHIRAL EU(III) SHIFT-REAGENT FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ENANTIOMERIC COMPOSITION OF NAPROXEN SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SEPARATION; CARPROFEN; AGENTS; ACIDS AB A simple method based on the use of H-1 NMR spectroscopy with chiral Eu(III) shift reagent is described for the determination of (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-naproxen In the presence of each other. To enhance the coordinating affinity of the substrate for the lanthanide ion, the sample was first derivatized to a mixture of methyl esters, which in the presence of Eu(hfc)3 formed short-lived diastereomeric complexes with sufficient non-equivalency in the H-1 NMR spectrum. Optimum complexing conditions corresponded to concentrations of substrate and Eu(hfc)3 of 0.1 M each in CDCl3. In this matter, the enantiomeric ester-methyl protons and alpha-methyl protons yielded well-resolved resonance signals of utility in the measurement of enantiomeric compositions. Recovery studies demonstrated that the proposed method is quantitative. C1 ST JOHNS UNIV,COLL PHARM & ALLIED HLTH PROFESS,JAMAICA,NY 11439. RP HANNA, GM (reprint author), US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,850 3RD AVE,BROOKLYN,NY 11232, USA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 417 EP 423 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800006 ER PT J AU ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC BURKEPILE, RG HURLBUT, JA AF ROYBAL, JE MUNNS, RK HOLLAND, DC BURKEPILE, RG HURLBUT, JA TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF GENTIAN-VIOLET IN POULTRY FEED SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ANIMAL FEED AB A liquid chromatographic (LC) method is presented for the determination of gentian violet (GV) in poultry feed (turkey/chicken) at the therapeutic feeding level of 4-8 ppm. GV is extracted from feed with acidified methanol, an aliquot of the supernatant is diluted with mobile phase, and the solution is filtered. LC analysis is performed by isocratic elution with a buffered mobile phase on an Alltech CN (cyano) column with amperometric electrochemical detection (ED) at +1.000 V or detection in the visible absorbance mode at 588 nm. The overall average recovery of GV from chicken feed spiked at 2.5, 5, and 10 ppm was 103% (standard deviation 6.6; coefficient of variation = 6.4%) by LC/ED analysis. Data for recovery of GV from chicken and turkey feeds, fortified with 1 % GV premix at feeding levels of 4 and 8 ppm, are presented and discussed. Data for the 2 detection techniques are compared. RP ROYBAL, JE (reprint author), US FDA,ANIM DRUG RES CTR,DENVER FED CTR,POB 25087,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 433 EP 437 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800009 ER PT J AU NESHEIM, S STACK, ME TRUCKSESS, MW EPPLEY, RM KROGH, P AF NESHEIM, S STACK, ME TRUCKSESS, MW EPPLEY, RM KROGH, P TI RAPID SOLVENT-EFFICIENT METHOD FOR LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF OCHRATOXIN-A IN CORN, BARLEY, AND KIDNEY - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A joint interlaboratory study of a rapid, solvent-efficient liquid chromatographic method for determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in barley, corn, and pork kidney tissue was conducted by AOAC, the international Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, and the Nordic Committee on Food Analysis in 16 laboratories in Europe, Canada, and the United States. OTA was added to barley and corn at 10, 20, and 50 ng/g and to kidney at 5, 10, and 20 ng/g. Duplicate test portions were prepared at 20 ng/g for corn and barley and 10 ng/g for kidney. Mean recoveries of OTA ranged from 53 to 97%. Within-laboratory relative standard deviations were 7.9, 20.1, and 15.7% for barley, corn, and kidney tissue, respectively. Between-laboratories relative standard deviations were 20.7-31.7% for all concentrations of OTA In barley and corn and 68.0, 41.8, and 32.7% for OTA concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 ng/g, respectively, in kidney. OTA identity was confirmed by methyl ester derivatization followed by liquid chromatography. The method has been adopted first action by AOAC as quantitative at the levels tested for OTA determination in corn and barley. C1 ROYAL DENT COLL,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RP NESHEIM, S (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 481 EP 487 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800014 ER PT J AU CHASE, GW LANDEN, WO EITENMILLER, RR SOLIMAN, AGM AF CHASE, GW LANDEN, WO EITENMILLER, RR SOLIMAN, AGM TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF THIAMINE, RIBOFLAVIN, AND PYRIDOXINE IN INFANT FORMULA SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; FOOD-PRODUCTS; VITAMIN B-6; HPLC AB An ion pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method developed for multivitamin supplements and premixes was applied to the simultaneous determination of thiamine, riboflavin, and pyridoxine In perchloric acid extracts of milk- and soy-based infant formulas. The method uses m-hydroxybenzoic acid as internal standard and a mobile phase consisting of water, acetonitrile, hexanesulfonic acid sodium salt, and ammonium hydroxide solution, adjusted to pH 3.6 with phosphoric acid. The column is a 15 cm x 3.9 mm id Nova Pak C18. Limits of detection were 0.15-mu-g/mL for thiamine and 0.09-mu-g/mL for riboflavin by UV detection at 254 nm, and 0.010-mu-g/mL for pyridoxine by fluorescence detection. Mean percent recoveries based on triplicate determinations were 102 +/- 1.8, 102 +/- 3.3, and 101 +/- 3.1 for thiamine, riboflavin, and pyridoxine, respectively. The results compared favorably with the AOAC methods for thiamine, riboflavin, and pyridoxine. RP CHASE, GW (reprint author), US FDA,60 8TH ST NE,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA. NR 14 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 561 EP 565 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800024 ER PT J AU KIRCHHOEFER, RD AF KIRCHHOEFER, RD TI AN FDA LABORATORY APPROACH TO UNCOVERING POTENTIAL FRAUD IN THE GENERIC DRUG-INDUSTRY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The Division of Drug Analysis of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in St. Louis, MO, has screened more than 1400 drug samples for potential generic drug fraud by a combination of physical, Instrumental, and chemical techniques. The approach to fraud centered around the analysis of excipients as opposed to the normal approach of analysis of active ingredients. Approximately 80% of the drug formulation pairs (innovator and generic) submitted for bioequivalence testing could be differentiated by a combination of physical and instrumental analysis, mainly thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier-transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. TGA proved to be the single most useful instrumental technique to determine differences in formulations. Liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, chemical tests, and polarizing microscopy were found to be the most useful tools to differentiate formulations that could not be resolved by FTIR, TGA, or physical comparisons. X-ray powder diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were found not to be useful techniques to differentiate formulations. No clear-cut evidence of direct fraud was found, but inconsistencies and suspicious samples were noted. Follow-up inspections based on the laboratory findings will probably occur. The procedures discussed in this article could be streamlined and made more efficient for examining large numbers of potential problem formulations. RP KIRCHHOEFER, RD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 577 EP 580 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HW428 UT WOS:A1992HW42800027 ER PT J AU LAMPEL, JS APHALE, JS LAMPEL, KA STROHL, WR AF LAMPEL, JS APHALE, JS LAMPEL, KA STROHL, WR TI CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF A GENE ENCODING A NOVEL EXTRACELLULAR NEUTRAL PROTEINASE FROM STREPTOMYCES SP STRAIN-C5 AND EXPRESSION OF THE GENE IN STREPTOMYCES-LIVIDANS-1326 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERRATIA PROTEASE GENE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; PROTEOLYTIC-ENZYMES; TYROSINASE GENE; SIGNAL SEQUENCE; CLONED GENE; LIVIDANS; METALLOPROTEASE; ANTIBIOTICUS AB The gene encoding a novel milk protein-hydrolyzing proteinase was cloned on a 6.56-kb SstI fragment from Streptomyces sp. strain C5 genomic DNA into Streptomyces lividans 1326 by using the plasmid vector pIJ702. The gene encoding the small neutral proteinase (snpA) was located within a 2.6-kb BamHI-Sstl restriction fragment that was partially sequenced. The molecular mass of the deduced amino acid sequence of the mature protein was determined to be 15,740, which corresponds very closely with the relative molecular mass of the purified protein (15,500) determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified neutral proteinase was determined, and the DNA encoding this sequence was found to be located within the sequenced DNA. The deduced amino acid sequence contains a conserved zinc binding site, although secondary ligand binding and active sites typical of thermolysinlike metalloproteinases are absent. The combination of its small size, deduced amino acid sequence, and substrate and inhibition profile indicate that snpA encodes a novel neutral proteinase. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. CROP GENET INT BV,HANOVER,MD 21076. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 60 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 174 IS 9 BP 2797 EP 2808 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HR231 UT WOS:A1992HR23100009 PM 1569011 ER PT J AU KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA FOSTER, PL EISENSTADT, E AF KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA FOSTER, PL EISENSTADT, E TI UV MUTAGENESIS IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM IS UMUDC DEPENDENT DESPITE THE PRESENCE OF SAMAB SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; SOS MUTAGENESIS; GENE; MUTATION; CLEAVAGE; PLASMID; OPERON; RECA; LT2 AB We investigated the role of the umuDC and samAB operons in the UV mutability of Salmonella typhimurium. umuDC is located on the chromosome, whereas samAB resides on the virulence plasmid pSLT. Using allele replacement and plasmid curing techniques, we found that UV mutability was eliminated when any of three different umuDC alleles (umuD1, umuC1, or umuD1 umuC1) were on the chromosome even when samAB was present. We conclude that samAB normally does not complement umuDC function in S. typhimurium. C1 OFF NAVAL RES,DIV BIOL SCI,800 N QUINCY ST,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. US FDA,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. BOSTON UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DIV ENVIRONM HLTH,BOSTON,MA 02118. OI Foster, Patricia/0000-0002-7236-4378 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA37880] NR 44 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 174 IS 9 BP 2809 EP 2815 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HR231 UT WOS:A1992HR23100010 PM 1569012 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, J NGUYEN, NY ROBRISH, SA AF THOMPSON, J NGUYEN, NY ROBRISH, SA TI SUCROSE FERMENTATION BY FUSOBACTERIUM-MORTIFERUM ATCC-25557 - TRANSPORT, CATABOLISM, AND PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICALLY DEFINED MEDIUM; STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS; NISIN PRODUCTION; PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE SYSTEM; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; FERMENTING ABILITY; SUCROSE-6-PHOSPHATE HYDROLASE; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; NUCLEATUM ATCC-10953; FRUCTOSE METABOLISM AB Studies of sucrose utilization by Fusobacterium mortiferum ATCC 25557 have provided the first definitive evidence for phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar:phosphotransferase activity in the family Bacteroidaceae. The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sucrose:phosphotransferase system and the two enzymes required for the dissimilation of sucrose 6-phosphate are induced specifically by growth of F. mortiferum on the disaccharide. Monomeric sucrose 6-phosphate hydrolase (M(r), 52,000) and a dimeric ATP-dependent frucktokinase (subunit M(r), 32,000) have been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. The physicochemical and catalytic properties of these enzymes have been examined, and the N-terminal amino acid sequences for both proteins are reported. The characteristics of sucrose 6-phosphate hydrolase and fructokinase from F. mortiferum are compared with the same enzymes from both gram-positive and gram-negative species. Butyric, acetic, and D-lactic acids are the end products of sucrose fermentation by F. mortiferum. A pathway is proposed for the translocation, phosphorylation, and metabolism of sucrose by this anaerobic pathogen. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP THOMPSON, J (reprint author), NIDR,MICROBIAL ECOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 59 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 174 IS 10 BP 3227 EP 3235 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HU938 UT WOS:A1992HU93800018 PM 1533618 ER PT J AU FAALAND, RW GROSSMAN, LW AF FAALAND, RW GROSSMAN, LW TI OPTICAL-PERFORMANCE OF DECENTERED MONOFOCAL INTRAOCULAR LENSES SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article DE INTRAOCULAR LENS DECENTRATION; MODULATION TRANSFER FUNCTION; MONOFOCAL INTRAOCULAR LENS; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); RESOLUTION AB A model eye water cell was used to evaluate the optical performance of biconvex, meniscus, and plano-convex (spheric and aspheric) monofocal poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lenses when the lenses were centered and when they were decentered 1 mm and 2 mm. Resolution, induced astigmatism, and modulation transfer function measurements were performed for all lenses with the more convex surface of the lens oriented toward the incident light. The same measurements were performed for the plano-convex and meniscus lenses in the reverse orientation. The lens shapes least affected by decentration were the biconvex and spheric plano-convex with the convex surface oriented toward the incident light. When centered, the aspheric plano-convex lenses had the best overall contrast performance based on the modulation transfer function measurements. However, once decentered the performance of the aspheric lenses approached that of the meniscus lenses in the reverse orientation, the lens shape which had the worst performance. RP FAALAND, RW (reprint author), US FDA,HFZ-134,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CATARACT REFRACTIVE SURGERY PI FAIRFAX PA 4000 LEGATO RD, SUITE 850, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 18 IS 3 BP 286 EP 292 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA HT451 UT WOS:A1992HT45100011 PM 1593435 ER PT J AU SCHLESSELMAN, JJ STADEL, BV KORPER, M WEI, Y WINGO, PA AF SCHLESSELMAN, JJ STADEL, BV KORPER, M WEI, Y WINGO, PA TI BREAST-CANCER DETECTION IN RELATION TO ORAL CONTRACEPTION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIAS; BREAST CANCER; LEAD-TIME; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES; TUMOR SIZE; TUMOR STAGE ID YOUNG-WOMEN; FINAL REPORT; SWEDEN; RISK; NORWAY AB Analyses of tumor size and breast cancer stage were used to determine whether biased detection of breast cancer could have materially influenced estimates of risk associated with use of oral contraceptives. In a population-based case-control study conducted from 1980-1982, surveillance for breast cancer by breast exams, but not mammography, was found to be strongly linked to use of oral contraceptives. Tumors were slightly smaller and less likely to be late-stage (TNM stage III or IV) in patients who had used oral contraceptives. The net effect of any diagnostic bias on advancing the date of cancer diagnosis, whether from breast exams or other sources, was estimated to be less than 8 weeks. This corresponds to spuriously increasing the risk of early-occurring breast cancer in oral contraceptive users by at most 2.4% (relative risk = 1.024). C1 US FDA,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR CHRON DIS & HLTH PROMOT,DIV REPROD HLTH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP SCHLESSELMAN, JJ (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PREVENT MED & BIOMETR,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA50193] NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 45 IS 5 BP 449 EP 459 DI 10.1016/0895-4356(92)90094-4 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA HW200 UT WOS:A1992HW20000002 PM 1588351 ER PT J AU SACCHI, CT ZANELLA, RC CAUGANT, DA FRASCH, CE HIDALGO, NT MILAGRES, LG PESSOA, LL RAMOS, SR CAMARGO, MCC MELLES, CEA AF SACCHI, CT ZANELLA, RC CAUGANT, DA FRASCH, CE HIDALGO, NT MILAGRES, LG PESSOA, LL RAMOS, SR CAMARGO, MCC MELLES, CEA TI EMERGENCE OF A NEW CLONE OF SEROGROUP-C NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS IN SAO-PAULO, BRAZIL SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-CELL ELISA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INTERCONTINENTAL SPREAD; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE; SEROTYPE; COMPLEX AB Serogroup C isolates of Neisseria meningitidis recovered from 121 patients with meningitis or septicemia in Greater Sao Paulo, Brazil, between 1976 and 1990 were analyzed with respect to serotype and multilocus enzyme genotype. The distribution of serotypes has changed since 1989 when serotype 2b started to replace serotype 2a. There were 48 distinct multilocus genotypes (electrophoretic types [ETs]) and 13 distinct complexes. Among the 41 serotype C:2b:- strains analyzed, 38 (93%) were found in complex 11. The percentage of complex 11 increased from 8% in 1988 to 50 and 66% in 1989 and 1990, respectively. Although we have been in an epidemic situation due to serogroup B:4:P1.15 ET-5 complex since 1988, the appearance and increase of a new unrelated strain, C:2b:- of ET-11 complex, in 1989 and 1990 provide enough data to conclude that the presence of two different complexes, ET-5 and -11, of N. meningitidis were responsible for the high levels of meningococcal disease in Greater Sao Paulo during this period. C1 NATL INST PUBL HLTH,DEPT BACTERIOL,N-0462 OSLO 4,NORWAY. SAO PAULO STATE DEPT HLTH,CTR EPIDEMIOL SURVEILLANCE PROF ALEXANDRE VRANJAC,BR-01246 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SACCHI, CT (reprint author), ADOLFO LUTZ INST,DIV BACTERIOL,AVE DR ARNALDO 351,BR-01246 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. NR 27 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1282 EP 1286 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HP828 UT WOS:A1992HP82800044 PM 1583132 ER PT J AU PICCIOLO, GL KAPLAN, DS AF PICCIOLO, GL KAPLAN, DS TI APPLICATION OF QUANTITATIVE IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE TO CLINICAL SEROLOGY - ANTIBODY-LEVELS OF TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note AB A previously reported method of quantitative immunofluorescence, employing a calibrated photometric system and chemically stabilized fluorescence intensity, was used to replace the subjective, visual method of endpoint determination with a quantitative, calibrated measurement of antibodies to Treponema pallidum in serum. The results of the quantitative immunofluorescence method showed a 90% correlation with the subjective determinations of the visual method. RP PICCIOLO, GL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1294 EP 1296 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HP828 UT WOS:A1992HP82800047 PM 1583134 ER PT J AU MORRIS, JG DWYER, DM HOGE, CW STUBBS, AD TILGHMAN, D GROVES, C ISRAEL, E LIBONATI, JP AF MORRIS, JG DWYER, DM HOGE, CW STUBBS, AD TILGHMAN, D GROVES, C ISRAEL, E LIBONATI, JP TI CHANGING CLONAL PATTERNS OF SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS IN MARYLAND - EVALUATION OF STRAINS ISOLATED BETWEEN 1985 AND 1990 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID PLASMID; EGGS; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; CONSUMPTION; DIVERSITY; SEROTYPES; VIRULENCE AB We examined isolates from 203 sporadic and outbreak-associated Salmonella enteritidis cases occurring in Maryland between 1985 and 1990. Plasmid profiles were determined for all isolates; 52 isolates were phage typed. Ten plasmid profiles were identified. A single profile (consisting of a single ca. 55-kb plasmid) emerged as the predominant profile in Maryland during the study period. This profile (which was closely associated with phage type 8) accounted for 86% of a group of isolates from sporadic cases in 1988 and 1989, compared with 43% of the 1985 isolates. Strains with this profile were identified in four of nine outbreaks, including one of three outbreaks in which eggs were implicated as a vehicle. While plasmid profiles and phage typing appear to provide complementary means of identifying specific strains of S. enteritidis, the emergence of what appears to be a single predominant clone has reduced the discriminant ability of both typing systems. The factors contributing to the emergence of this one clone are still not well understood. C1 US FDA,ATLANTA,GA 30309. MARYLAND DEPT HLTH & MENTAL HYG,DIV MICROBIOL,ADM LABS,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. VET AFFAIRS HOSP,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. MARYLAND DEPT HLTH & MENTAL HYG,EPIDEMIOL & DIS CONTROL PROGRAM,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. RP MORRIS, JG (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV GEOG MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1301 EP 1303 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HP828 UT WOS:A1992HP82800049 PM 1583136 ER PT J AU NELSON, RC PECK, CC AF NELSON, RC PECK, CC TI CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGY TRAINING AT THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Challenged with the clearly demonstrated need for highly trained clinical pharmacologists for new drug development and review activities, the FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) established an internal Staff College. This organizationally unique and innovative unit addressed the educational needs of both the new and the veteran CDER scientists. A multileveled strategy was conceptualized and implemented as described. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 32 IS 5 BP 400 EP 406 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HT459 UT WOS:A1992HT45900003 PM 1587956 ER PT J AU SLOAN, EM HAGEN, CJ LANCETTE, GA PEELER, JT SOFOS, JN AF SLOAN, EM HAGEN, CJ LANCETTE, GA PEELER, JT SOFOS, JN TI COMPARISON OF 5 SELECTIVE ENRICHMENT BROTHS AND 2 SELECTIVE AGARS FOR RECOVERY OF VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS FROM OYSTERS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MARINE VIBRIO; PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; CHOLERAE; IDENTIFICATION; ENUMERATION; WASHINGTON; INFECTIONS; SAMPLES AB The Bacteriological Analytical Manual (6th edition) specifies use of glucose-salt-teepol (GST) broth for detection of Vibrio vulnificus and other halophilic vibrios in seafood. Since teepol is no longer commercially available, this study compared five enrichment broths for their ability to recover V. vulnificus. Ten samples of seeded oysters were analyzed using a three-tube MPN and enriched in each of five broths in duplicate. Broth cultures were then streaked onto cellobiose-polymyxin B-colistin (CPC) agar and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polymyxin B-sucrose (SDS) agar plates. Average (+/- standard error) recovery (log MPN/g) from each broth was as follows: Alkaline-peptone-water (APW), 4.16 +/-0.20, Marine (MRN) broth, 3.63 +/- 0.16; Horie's broth, 2.88 +/-0.17; Monsur's broth, 2.43 +/- 0.16; and GST broth, 1.28 +/- 0.28. APW and MRN broths yielded significantly (P < 0.05) higher recovery than other broths by the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric rank test. Vibrio vulnificus was isolated with higher frequency from CPC (81%) as compared with SDS (61%) agar plates. Background growth was minimal on CPC agar, facilitating selection of V. vulnificus colonies. Based on these results, APW enrichment broth and CPC isolation agar were more efficient for recovery of V. vulnificus from oysters than other broth and agar combinations. C1 US FDA,ATLANTA,GA 30309. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT HUMAN NUTR,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP SLOAN, EM (reprint author), US FDA,US PHS,DENVER FED CTR,BLDG 20,POB 25087,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 34 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 55 IS 5 BP 356 EP 359 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA HV473 UT WOS:A1992HV47300007 ER PT J AU KEASLER, SP HILL, WE AF KEASLER, SP HILL, WE TI POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION IDENTIFICATION OF ENTEROINVASIVE ESCHERICHIA-COLI SEEDED INTO RAW-MILK SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Note ID SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; PLASMIDS AB Molecular biological techniques for identifying pathogenic foodborne bacteria use small amounts of bacterial nucleic acids that must be purified and concentrated from complex food matrices. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies specific segments of DNA and speeds the identification of bacterial strains. Methods for preparing DNA for PCR analysis were tested by seeding enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) cells into raw milk. Test samples of milk were heated at 35-degrees-C and were-treated with proteinase and detergent. As few as 10(2) cells of EIEC per ml of seeded milk were identified after amplification of a plasmid-borne gene required for invasion. RP KEASLER, SP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 55 IS 5 BP 382 EP 384 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA HV473 UT WOS:A1992HV47300013 ER PT J AU MOHAMOOD, A DATTA, AR ERIBO, BE AF MOHAMOOD, A DATTA, AR ERIBO, BE TI APPLICATION OF A SYNTHETIC LISTERIOLYSIN-O GENE PROBE TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF BETA-HEMOLYTIC LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES IN RETAIL GROUND-BEEF SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Note ID VIRULENCE; DETERMINANT; MEDIA; MILK; FOOD AB The synthetic gene probe is a 20 mer oligonucleotide, derived from listeriolysin O gene sequence of Listeria monocytogenes and shown to be specific for strains of this organism. This probe was used in a DNA-colony hybridization assay to evaluate its suitability in detecting beta-hemolytic L. monocytogenes in ground beef. Thirty-six ground beef samples were plated onto three media: Trypticase soy agar with 0.6% yeast extract, lithium chloride-phenylethanol-moxalactam agar and Martin's agar, both directly and after selective enrichment in Food and Drug Administration broth. Of the 118 gram-positive and catalase-positive isolates selected from the plates, only 24 gave detectable hybridization signal with the probe. CAMP-test and standard biochemical tests also revealed that only these 24 probe positive isolates were beta-hemolytic L. monocytogenes. Of the 36 samples of ground beef, 6 were positive for Listeria spp., out of which 4 were L. monocytogenes. C1 HOWARD UNIV,DEPT BOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 55 IS 5 BP 385 EP 388 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA HV473 UT WOS:A1992HV47300014 ER PT J AU FISHMAN, PS FARRAND, DA HALPERN, JL LATHAM, WC AF FISHMAN, PS FARRAND, DA HALPERN, JL LATHAM, WC TI A SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF TETANUS TOXIN BINDING FRAGMENT FOR NEUROBIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS LA English DT Article DE FRAGMENT-C; TRANSNEURONAL TRANSPORT; AXONAL TRANSPORT; NEURONAL LABELING ID RETROGRADE AXONAL-TRANSPORT; TRANSSYNAPTIC TRANSFER; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS AB The non-toxic binding fragment of tetanus toxin (fragment C) binds avidly to neural tissue and has a growing number of neurobiological uses. Its current utility is limited by both its high commercial cost and the complex procedure for its preparation requiring highly purified tetanus toxin. We have developed a short procedure which prepares fragments of tetanus toxin from crude C. tetani extracts. The resultant proteins are atoxic with molecular sizes and immunological properties closely resembling fragment C. These proteins undergo retrograde axonal and apparent transneuronal transport in a fashion similar to fragment C. C1 VET ADM MED CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. US FDA,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20205. MASSACHUSETTS PUBL HLTH LABS,BOSTON,MA. RP FISHMAN, PS (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0270 J9 J NEUROSCI METH JI J. Neurosci. Methods PD MAY PY 1992 VL 42 IS 3 BP 229 EP 236 DI 10.1016/0165-0270(92)90102-J PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA JB301 UT WOS:A1992JB30100009 PM 1380109 ER PT J AU MURGO, AJ SISTARE, FD AF MURGO, AJ SISTARE, FD TI K562 LEUKEMIA-CELLS EXPRESS P2T (ADENOSINE-DIPHOSPHATE) PURINERGIC RECEPTORS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN KINASE-C; PLATELET SHAPE CHANGE; HUMAN-NEUTROPHILS; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; GENE-EXPRESSION; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; PHORBOL ESTERS; HL60 CELLS; LINE K562; DIFFERENTIATION AB The P2T purinergic receptor for ADP has previously been found only in platelets. We investigated the effect of ADP on the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca++]i) in fura-2-loaded K562 leukemia cells, a cell line with the potential for megakaryocytic differentiation. ADP causes a rapid and transient increase in [Ca++]i which peaks within 5 to 10 sec. The EC50 for this response is 0.4-mu-M. A major portion of the increased calcium is due to mobilization of intracellular stores because the response to ADP is only partially reduced in the absence of extracellular calcium. Exposure to ADP desensitizes K562 cells to additional administrations of this nucleotide. Pretreatment of K562 cells with the protein kinase C activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate completely blocks the response to ADP. This effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is prevented by the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine, but staurosporine does not affect the progression of desensitization after repeated ADP exposures. ATP does not increase [Ca++]i in K562 cells, but antagonizes the response to ADP. We propose that the P2T receptor for ADP in K562 cells is an early marker for megakaryocotic differentiation. Furthermore, this immortalized nucleated cell line may be a useful model to decipher the signal transduction pathways involved in the ADP response. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING,OFF RES RESOURCES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 50 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 261 IS 2 BP 580 EP 585 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HT700 UT WOS:A1992HT70000027 PM 1578375 ER PT J AU LIBERACE, R LADIN, Z AF LIBERACE, R LADIN, Z TI MECHANICAL TESTING OF STAINLESS-STEEL BONE STAPLES SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE BONE STAPLES; STAPLES; SURGICAL IMPLANTS; ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS AB Bending characteristics of stainless steel bone staples were examined to determine their possible inclusion in future standards. These characteristics included a measure of the initial slope of the bending curve as the staples were bent in a four-point bending load apparatus and a factor which accounts for the decrease in staple stiffness due to the bends in the staple. Both factors were measured and showed variations as high as 20% when similar size staples from different manufacturers were compared. Material properties such as hardness and tensile strength were also measured, and the resulting values were within 5% of each other for similar size staples. These results suggest that the staples were made from wire with very similar mechanical properties and that the observed variations are probably due to differences in the manufacturing process. C1 WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,FOOD & DRUG ADM,WINCHESTER,MA 01890. BOSTON UNIV,COLL ENGN,DEPT BIOMED ENGN,BOSTON,MA 02215. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 20 IS 3 BP 217 EP 224 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA JY512 UT WOS:A1992JY51200008 ER PT J AU TOLLEFSON, L BARNARD, RJ AF TOLLEFSON, L BARNARD, RJ TI AN ANALYSIS OF FDA PASSIVE SURVEILLANCE REPORTS OF SEIZURES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSUMPTION OF ASPARTAME SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD METHANOL CONCENTRATIONS; FREE AMINO-ACIDS; ERYTHROCYTE; PLASMA; WOMEN AB Aspartame, the methyl ester of the dipeptide formed from combining phenylalanine and aspartic acid, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in July 1981. FDA monitors complaints from consumers and health professionals through the Adverse Reaction Monitoring System, a passive surveillance program. FDA has received 251 reports of seizures that have been linked to ingestion of aspartame by consumers. In most cases, information obtained from the complainants' medical records as well as data on consumption patterns, temporal relationships, and challenge tests did not support the claim that the occurrences of the seizures were linked to consumption of aspartame. RP TOLLEFSON, L (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,CLIN NUTR ASSESSMENT SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 15 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 216 W JACKSON BLVD #800, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 92 IS 5 BP 598 EP 601 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA HT708 UT WOS:A1992HT70800014 PM 1573143 ER PT J AU BRYANT, MS LAY, JO CHIARELLI, MP AF BRYANT, MS LAY, JO CHIARELLI, MP TI DEVELOPMENT OF FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT MASS-SPECTRAL METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF CARCINOGEN-NUCLEOSIDE ADDUCTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CANCER-EPIDEMIOLOGY; AROMATIC DNA ADDUCTS; COKE-OVEN WORKERS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN-TISSUES; SPECTROMETRY; NUCLEOTIDES; INVITRO; DAMAGE; DERIVATIVES AB An analytical strategy using fast atom bombardment (FAB) ionization and tandem mass spectrometry has been developed to determine the molecular weight and major fragment ions, and to provide limited structural characterization of low picomole levels of carcinogen-nucleoside adducts. This strategy consists of three main components: (1) the sensitivity for analysis by FAB combined with mass spectrometry is increased via chemical derivatization; (2) the nucleoside adducts are selectively detected by using constant neutral loss scans; and (3) structurally characteristic fragments are obtained by using daughter ion scans. Trimethylsilyl derivatized arylamine-nucleoside adducts have been detected at levels as low as a few picomoles by using this approach. After experimental determination of the mass of the BH2 fragment ion, daughter ion spectra have been used to probe the structure specificity associated with collision-activated decomposition of this fragment. With model C-8 substituted arylamine adducts [N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl,N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl, and N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene], nucleoside-specific and carcinogen-specific fragmentation have been observed in daughter ion spectra. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT CHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 3 IS 4 BP 360 EP 371 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(92)87064-6 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA HV637 UT WOS:A1992HV63700011 PM 24243047 ER PT J AU MAYER, VW GOIN, CJ ARRAS, CA TAYLORMAYER, RE AF MAYER, VW GOIN, CJ ARRAS, CA TAYLORMAYER, RE TI COMPARISON OF CHEMICALLY-INDUCED CHROMOSOME LOSS IN A DIPLOID, TRIPLOID, AND TETRAPLOID STRAIN OF SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CHROMOSOME LOSS; POLYPLOID YEAST; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NOCODAZOLE; ETHYL ACETATE; HYDROXYUREA; ETHYL METHANE-SULFONATE ID MEIOTIC ANEUPLOIDY; TUMOR PROMOTERS; ETHYL-ACETATE; INDUCTION; YEAST; NOCODAZOLE; D61.M; COMBINATIONS; PRODUCTS; ACETONE AB Triploid and tetraploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were constructed and the spontaneous loss during mitosis of one, two or three copies of chromosome VII was determined. In one strain, a triploid (VM2) in which expression of the recessive alleles can be observed only after loss of two copies of chromosome VII (3N-2), the spontaneous frequency of chromosome loss was lower than in the diploid D61.M. In another strain, a tetraploid (VM4) that also requires the loss of two copies of chromosome VII for observation (4N-2) of the recessive alleles, the spontaneous frequency was slightly higher than in the diploid D61.M. The spontaneous frequency of other genetic events (that is, mutation, recombination or chromosome breakage) were lower by 2-3 orders of magnitude than in the diploid strain D61.M. Induction of chromosome loss and other genetic events by nocodazole, ethyl acetate, hydroxyurea and ethyl methanesulfonate was determined in D61.M, VM2, and VM4, and the results were compared. Nocodazole and ethyl acetate induced chromosome loss in both the triploid and the tetraploid strains at lower concentrations than required in the diploid. These compounds also induced elevated frequencies of other genetic events in both the triploid and the tetraploid strains but not in the diploid. Hydroxyurea induced elevated frequencies of chromosome loss in the triploid and the tetraploid. Frequencies of chromosome loss in the triploid treated with hydroxyurea, although elevated, are based on observation of very few colonies of the correct phenotype. Ethyl methanesulfonate failed to induce chromosome loss in any of the three strains. Hydroxyurea and ethyl methanesulfonate did, however, induce very high frequencies of other genetic events. C1 SLIPPERY ROCK UNIV,DEPT BIOL,SLIPPERY ROCK,PA 16057. RP MAYER, VW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD MAY 1 PY 1992 VL 279 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(92)90264-Z PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA HR097 UT WOS:A1992HR09700006 PM 1374531 ER PT J AU HOLSON, RR BUELKESAM, J AF HOLSON, RR BUELKESAM, J TI DESIGN AND ANALYSIS ISSUES IN DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROTOXICOLOGY - PAPERS FROM A SYMPOSIUM ON EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN AND STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS SPONSORED BY THE NEUROBEHAVIORAL-TERATOLOGY-SOCIETY SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 LILLY RES LABS,GREENFIELD,IN 46140. RP HOLSON, RR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 14 IS 3 BP 197 EP 197 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90016-4 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA JA081 UT WOS:A1992JA08100006 ER PT J AU HOLSON, RR PEARCE, B AF HOLSON, RR PEARCE, B TI PRINCIPLES AND PITFALLS IN THE ANALYSIS OF PRENATAL TREATMENT EFFECTS IN MULTIPAROUS SPECIES SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NEUROBEHAVIORAL TERATOLOGY; EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN; INDEPENDENCE; STATISTICAL ASSUMPTIONS; LITTER EFFECTS; POWER; VIOLATION OF ASSUMPTIONS AB Developmental studies often assess the effect of treatment of the pregnant mother on offspring. The use of multiparous species such as rats and mice in such studies creates a special set of design and analysis problems. These arise for two reasons. First, the availability of many offspring per litter tempts the experimenter to inflate sample size by treating scores from several pups per litter as independent observations. Second, large litter size seldom makes it practical to measure exposure effects in all offspring of an exposed dam. Such studies commonly involve two-stage sampling: Drawing a random sample of dams for treatment, then drawing a second sample of pups per dam for neurobehavioral measurements. In this article, such sampling was modeled by two different simulations. The first, a standard Monte-Carlo approach, sampled from random-normal distributions for litter mean and within-litter variability. The second simulation sampled without replacement from actual data on weight of all pups in a series of 39 nontreated rat litters. These mutually-supportive approaches demonstrate that litter effects, even over as few as three litters, are generally large and statistically meaningful. Consequently, statistical significance tests are sensitive to litter effects. Inflation of sample size by treating as few as 2 pups per litter as independent measurements can almost triple the nominal 0.05 alpha level. Furthermore, two-stage sampling increases the within-treatment error term and correspondingly reduces statistical power relative to one-stage sampling. Calculating litter means from measurements of as few as 2 pups per litter can increase power but never to the degree obtained by holding number of pups/treatment constant, measuring just one pup/litter and correspondingly increasing the number of litters per treatment. RP HOLSON, RR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 15 TC 381 Z9 386 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAY-JUN PY 1992 VL 14 IS 3 BP 221 EP 228 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90020-B PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA JA081 UT WOS:A1992JA08100010 PM 1635542 ER PT J AU BYRNES, GA ANTOSZYK, AN MAZUR, DO KAO, TC MILLER, SA AF BYRNES, GA ANTOSZYK, AN MAZUR, DO KAO, TC MILLER, SA TI PHOTIC MACULOPATHY AFTER EXTRACAPSULAR CATARACT-SURGERY - A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1991 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY CY OCT, 1991 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP AMER ACAD OPHTHALMOL ID LIGHT-INDUCED MACULOPATHY; OPERATING-ROOM MICROSCOPE; LENS-IMPLANTATION; RETINOPATHY; EXTRACTION; RECOVERY; HAZARDS AB Photic retinal injuries have been described after surgical exposure to the intense illumination systems of operating microscopes. The overall incidence of such injuries has been postulated at less than 10%. The authors prospectively studied 43 consecutive patients to determine the incidence of photic macular injuries during cataract surgery. Patients underwent complete ophthalmic examinations, fundus photography, and oral fluorography before and after surgery. Photic macular injuries developed in 12 of 43 eyes (28%) as a result of intraocular surgery. This incidence is much higher than previous estimates. The association with possible risk factors, cystoid macular edema, and the effect of these injuries on final visual acuity are discussed. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT OPHTHALMOL, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. US FDA, ELECTROOPT BRANCH HFZ134, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT SURG, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT PREVENT MED & BIOMETR, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 23 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD MAY PY 1992 VL 99 IS 5 BP 731 EP 737 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA HU975 UT WOS:A1992HU97500024 PM 1594219 ER PT J AU MEACCI, E TAIRA, M MOOS, M SMITH, CJ MOVSESIAN, MA DEGERMAN, E BELFRAGE, P MANGANIELLO, V AF MEACCI, E TAIRA, M MOOS, M SMITH, CJ MOVSESIAN, MA DEGERMAN, E BELFRAGE, P MANGANIELLO, V TI MOLECULAR-CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF HUMAN MYOCARDIAL CGMP-INHIBITED CAMP PHOSPHODIESTERASE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC-NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE; RECENT CLINICAL DEVELOPMENTS; POSITIVE INOTROPIC AGENTS; CONGESTIVE HEART-FAILURE; AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; AMP PHOSPHODIESTERASE; CDNA; PHOSPHORYLATION; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION AB We have cloned a cDNA for a myocardial cGMP-inhibited cAMP phosphodiesterase (cGI PDE) from a human heart cDNA library in lambda-Zap II. The open reading frame [3.5 kilobases (kb)] of cDNA clone n.13.2 (7.7 kb) encodes a protein of 125 kDa. In Northern blots of total human ventricle RNA, a single mRNA species (8.3 kb) hybridized with a 4-kb EcoRI restriction fragment of clone n.13.2 cDNA (containing the entire open reading frame). The carboxyl-terminal region of the deduced amino acid sequence of the cGI PDE contains the putative catalytic domain conserved among mammalian PDE families. A partial cDNA clone, n.2, encoding a truncated, 54-kDa cGI PDE containing the conserved domain was expressed as a catalytically active fusion protein in Escherichia coli. cAMP hydrolytic activity was inhibited by cGMP and OPC 3911 but not by rolipram. Thus, this report provides direct proof that the conserved domain contains the catalytic core of cGI PDEs. C1 NIH,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV UTAH,DIV CARDIOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. UNIV LUND,DEPT PHYSIOL & MED CHEM,S-22101 LUND,SWEDEN. RP MEACCI, E (reprint author), NHLBI,CELLULAR METAB LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 5N-307,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Moos, Malcolm/F-3673-2011 OI Moos, Malcolm/0000-0002-9575-9938 NR 33 TC 131 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 9 BP 3721 EP 3725 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.9.3721 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HR853 UT WOS:A1992HR85300011 PM 1315035 ER PT J AU CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS SIEGMUND, E AF CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS SIEGMUND, E TI METHANE CHEMICAL IONIZATION OF PESTICIDES BY ION-TRAP TECHNOLOGY - SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DATA PRECISION SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RESIDUES AB Examination of the methane chemical ionization (CI) spectra produced in an ion trap under automatic reaction control has revealed a strong concentration dependence phenomenon even at trace levels (ppm). The spectra produced during the elution profile of various pesticides via capillary gas-chromatographic introduction have indicated a large percentage of an electron ionization (EI) spectral component superimposed on the CI spectrum. This duplicity of spectral character can be an important asset for confirmation of presence and it does not present a problem of obtaining acceptable precision and accuracy on quantification of pesticide residues. Identification of residues using the standard spectral library databases derived from other sources might require careful scrutiny before acceptance. RP CAIRNS, T (reprint author), DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,FOOD & DRUG ADM,OFF REGULATORY AFFAIRS,LOS ANGELES DIST LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP 331 EP 338 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290060504 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA HU084 UT WOS:A1992HU08400002 ER PT J AU ZHILINA, TN ZAVARZIN, GA BULYGINA, ES KEVBRIN, VV OSIPOV, GA CHUMAKOV, KM AF ZHILINA, TN ZAVARZIN, GA BULYGINA, ES KEVBRIN, VV OSIPOV, GA CHUMAKOV, KM TI ECOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND TAXONOMY STUDIES ON A NEW TAXON OF HALOANAEROBIACEAE, HALOINCOLA-SACCHAROLYTICA GEN-NOV, SP-NOV SO SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HALOINCOLA; HALOINCOLA-SACCHAROLYTICA; HALOANAEROBIACEAE; MODERATE HALOPHILE; CYANOBACTERIAL COMMUNITY; MARINE LAGOONS; 5S RIBOSOMAL-RNA OLIGONUCLEOTIDE CATALOG ID 5S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; HYPERSALINE ENVIRONMENTS; HALOBACTEROIDES-HALOBIUS; CLOSTRIDIUM-LORTETII; ANAEROBIC BACTERIUM; SEDIMENTS; PRAEVALENS AB Four strains of new moderately halophilic, Gram-negative anaerobic saccharolytic bacteria were isolated from Lake Sivash and its lagoons on Arabat Strait (eastern Crimea, USSR). The cells are non-sporeforming, motile rods 0.5-0.7 x 1-1.5-mu-m, that occur single or in pairs. Carbohydrates (preferably disaccharides, such as sucrose and trehalose) but not amino acids serve as energy sources. The end products of glucose fermentation are acetate, H-2 and CO2. The biomass yield is 3.8 g of protein per mol of glucose consumed. Elemental sulphur when present is reduced to H2S. All isolates are mesophiles and grow at salt concentrations from 3 to 30% NaCl (w/v) and at a pH range from 6.0 to 8.0. Doubling time of strain Z-7787 at optimal conditions (37-degrees-C, 10% NaCl, pH 7.5) is 3.9 h. The G + C content of this isolate is 31.3 mol%; that of the other strains varies from 30 to 33 mol%. All the isolates appear to be members of the same taxon but according to 5S rRNA sequencing do not belong to the genus Halobacteroides. They are considered to represent a new genus for which the name Haloincola is proposed with Haloincola saccharolytica as the type species. The type strain is Z-7787, DSM 6643. The taxonomic relationships of H. saccharolytica to other haloanaerobes of the family Haloanaerobiaceae is discussed. C1 CONCERN BIOPREPARAT,MOSCOW,USSR. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP ZHILINA, TN (reprint author), ACAD SCI USSR,INST MICROBIOL,PROSPEKT 60 LETIJA OKTJABRJA 7,K 2,MOSCOW 117811,USSR. NR 34 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY SN 0723-2020 J9 SYST APPL MICROBIOL JI Syst. Appl. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1992 VL 15 IS 2 BP 275 EP 284 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HW364 UT WOS:A1992HW36400015 ER PT J AU PLAKAS, SM STEHLY, GR KHOO, L AF PLAKAS, SM STEHLY, GR KHOO, L TI PHARMACOKINETICS AND EXCRETION OF PHENOL RED IN THE CHANNEL CATFISH SO XENOBIOTICA LA English DT Article ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; PHENOLSULFONPHTHALEIN; RATS AB 1. Disposition of phenol red was examined in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) after oral or intravascular (i.v.) dosing at 10 mg/kg body weight. 2. Phenol red was not detectable in plasma, urine, or bile after oral administration. 3. After i.v. dosing, plasma concentrations of phenol red were best described by a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with distribution and elimination half-lives of 2.3 and 21 min, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution at steady state (V(ss)) was 225 ml/kg and total body clearance (Cl(b)) was 658 ml/h per kg. Plasma protein binding was 19%. 4. Biliary excretion was the primary route of elimination of phenol red; in 24 h, 55% of the i.v. dose was excreted in bile compared with 24% in urine. No metabolites were detected in these fluids. 5. The use of anaesthesia during dosing had no effect on the quantitative excretion of phenol red by renal or biliary routes. RP PLAKAS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SEAFOOD RES,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0049-8254 J9 XENOBIOTICA JI Xenobiotica PD MAY PY 1992 VL 22 IS 5 BP 551 EP 557 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HY710 UT WOS:A1992HY71000008 PM 1413870 ER PT J AU SAHU, SC WASHINGTON, MC AF SAHU, SC WASHINGTON, MC TI EFFECT OF ASCORBIC-ACID AND CURCUMIN ON QUERCETIN-INDUCED NUCLEAR-DNA DAMAGE, LIPID-PEROXIDATION AND PROTEIN-DEGRADATION SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE QUERCETIN; ANTIOXIDANTS; FLAVONOIDS; DNA DAMAGE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; OXYGEN RADICALS ID TUMOR PROMOTION; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; MOUSE SKIN; ANTIOXIDANTS; RATS; FLAVONOIDS; INHIBITION; BLADDER; RUTIN; LONGA AB The effects of ascorbic acid and curcumin on quercetin-induced DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein degradation were investigated in a model system of isolated rat-liver nuclei under aerobic conditions and in the presence of equimolar concentrations of iron or copper. Neither ascorbic acid nor curcumin inhibited quercetin-induced nuclear DNA damage, lipid peroxiation, or protein degradation. In fact, both antioxidants stimulated the oxidative damage to nuclear macromolecules. Ascorbic acid significantly increased the quercetin-induced nuclear DNA damage in the presence of either iron or copper. The increases in quercetin-induced nuclear lipid peroxidation and protein degradation by ascorbic acid were statistically significant only in the presence of iron or copper, respectively. Similarly, stimulation of quercetin-induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation by curcumin was statistically significant only in the presence of copper or iron, respectively. Curcumin had no significant effect on nuclear protein degradation. These results demonstrate the pro-oxidant properties of ascorbic acid and curcumin, compounds that also demonstrate antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. Ascorbic acid and curcumin may therefore each have a dual role in carcinogenesis. C1 US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,MOLEC TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 33 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD APR 30 PY 1992 VL 63 IS 3 BP 237 EP 241 DI 10.1016/0304-3835(92)90266-X PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HU994 UT WOS:A1992HU99400008 PM 1576592 ER PT J AU SORIANO, V HEWLETT, I AF SORIANO, V HEWLETT, I TI INFECTION BY THE HIV-1 IN INDIVIDUALS WITH NEGATIVE SEROLOGY - DOES IT REALLY OCCUR OFTEN SO MEDICINA CLINICA LA Spanish DT Letter C1 US FDA,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP SORIANO, V (reprint author), INST SALUD,CTR INVEST CLIN,CARLOS,MADRID,SPAIN. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDICIONES DOYMA S/A PI BARCELONA PA TRAV DE GRACIA 17-21, 08021 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0025-7753 J9 MED CLIN-BARCELONA JI Med. Clin. PD APR 25 PY 1992 VL 98 IS 16 BP 635 EP 636 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HW672 UT WOS:A1992HW67200012 ER PT J AU MURGO, AJ WEINBERGER, BB JOHNSON, JR AF MURGO, AJ WEINBERGER, BB JOHNSON, JR TI IMMUNOLOGICAL PURGING OF MARROW ASSESSED BY POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP MURGO, AJ (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 23 PY 1992 VL 326 IS 17 BP 1163 EP 1163 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HP800 UT WOS:A1992HP80000026 PM 1345414 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S AF SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S TI ANALYTICAL METHODS VALIDATION - BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES - DECEMBER 3-5, 1990, WASHINGTON, DC SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB This is a summary report of the conference on 'Analytical Methods Validation: Bioavailability, Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetic Studies.' The conference was held from December 3 to 5, 1990, in the Washington, DC area and was sponsored by the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Federation Internationale Pharmaceutique, Health Protection Branch (Canada) and Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The purpose of the report is to represent our assessment of the major agreements and issues discussed at the conference. This report is also intended to provide guiding principles for validation of analytical methods employed in bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies in man and animals. The objectives of the conference were: (1) to reach a consensus on what should be required in analytical methods validation and the procedures to establish validation; (2) to determine processes of application of the validation procedures in the bioavailability, bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies; and (3) to develop a report on analytical methods validation (which may be referred to in developing future formal guidelines). Acceptable standards for documenting and validating analytical methods with regard to processes, parameters or data treatments were discussed because of their importance in assessment of pharmacokinetic, bioavailability, and bioequivalence studies. Other topics which were considered essential in the conduct of pharmacokinetic studies or in establishing bioequivalency criteria, including measurement of drug metabolites and stereoselective determinations, were also deliberated. C1 UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,COLL PHARM,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,COLL MED,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. BUR DRUG RES,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. AMER CYANAMID CO,LEDERLE LABS,PEARL RIVER,NY 10965. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,ST LOUIS,MO 63101. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. WELLCOME RES LABS,BECKENHAM BR3 3BS,KENT,ENGLAND. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,PHARMACEUT RES INST,SYRACUSE,NY 13221. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. NR 0 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD APR 20 PY 1992 VL 82 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/0378-5173(92)90065-A PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HV830 UT WOS:A1992HV83000001 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H AF SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H TI PRINCIPLES AND CRITERIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF TOPICAL THERAPEUTIC PRODUCTS - MARCH 26-28, 1990, CRYSTAL CITY, VA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material AB This report derived from the dermatological workshop discusses the problems and issues in the development and optimization of topical therapeutic drug products. It provides a clear understanding and differentiation between transdermal and dermal products. The report also discusses the bioavailability/bioequivalence issues for topical therapeutic products. C1 HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,PHARMACEUT RES & DEV,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. UNIV MICHIGAN,COLL PHARM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV UTAH,COLL PHARM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. CIRD GALDERMA,F-06565 VALBONNE,FRANCE. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD APR 20 PY 1992 VL 82 IS 1-2 BP 21 EP 28 DI 10.1016/0378-5173(92)90067-C PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HV830 UT WOS:A1992HV83000003 ER PT J AU BABA, EH BERKOWER, I AF BABA, EH BERKOWER, I TI PRODUCTION OF A SOLUBLE AND SECRETED ANTIGENIC FRAGMENT OF HBSAG IN YEAST SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID B SURFACE-ANTIGEN; ALPHA-FACTOR; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PROTEIN; RESTRICTION; EXPRESSION; EPITOPES; PEPTIDES; VACCINE; CLONES C1 UNIV FED OURO PRETO,ICEB,DEPT CIENCIAS BIOL,BR-35400 OURO PRETO,MG,BRAZIL. US FDA,CTR BIOL,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP BABA, EH (reprint author), UNIV FED MINAS GERAIS,ICB,DEPT BIOQUIM,POSTGRAD PROGRAM,BR-35400 OURO PRETO,MG,BRAZIL. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD APR 15 PY 1992 VL 184 IS 1 BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1016/0006-291X(92)91156-K PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA HP168 UT WOS:A1992HP16800008 PM 1567451 ER PT J AU SLOAND, EM KLEIN, HG PASTAKIA, KB PIERCE, P PRODOUZ, KN AF SLOAND, EM KLEIN, HG PASTAKIA, KB PIERCE, P PRODOUZ, KN TI EFFECT OF ALBUMIN ON THE INHIBITION OF PLATELET-AGGREGATION BY BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID PARTICULARLY TISSUE PENETRATION; PROTEIN-BINDING; BLOOD-COAGULATION; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; FACTOR-VIII; INVITRO; MOXALACTAM; PENICILLIN; LATAMOXEF; INVIVO C1 WARREN G MAGNUSON CLIN CTR,BETHESDA,MD. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. RP SLOAND, EM (reprint author), NIH,DEPT TRANSFUS MED,NIH BLDG 31,ROOM 5A21,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD APR 15 PY 1992 VL 79 IS 8 BP 2022 EP 2027 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA HW416 UT WOS:A1992HW41600017 PM 1562728 ER PT J AU HIBBS, JR FRICKHOFEN, N ROSENFELD, SJ FEINSTONE, SM KOJIMA, S BACIGALUPO, A LOCASCIULLI, A TZAKIS, AG ALTER, HJ YOUNG, NS AF HIBBS, JR FRICKHOFEN, N ROSENFELD, SJ FEINSTONE, SM KOJIMA, S BACIGALUPO, A LOCASCIULLI, A TZAKIS, AG ALTER, HJ YOUNG, NS TI APLASTIC-ANEMIA AND VIRAL-HEPATITIS - NON-A, NON-B, NON-C SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; HEMOPHILIACS; SERUM AB Objective. - To test the hypothesis that the rare, often fatal, syndrome of hepatitis-associated aplasia is associated with hepatitis C virus infection. Design. - Case series. Setting. - Tertiary referral centers in the United States, Japan, Italy, and Germany. Patients. - Twenty-eight patients with onset of aplastic anemia within 90 days after seeking medical attention for jaundice, or having serum transaminase levels 150% or more of normal (hepatitis-associated aplasia patients) and three patients who developed aplastic anemia following liver transplantation for non-A, non-B hepatitis. Outcome Measures. - Presence of hepatitis C in serum, bone marrow, and liver samples, detected by the polymerase chain reaction; antibody testing; and percentage of activated peripheral cytotoxic T lymphocytes determined by immunophenotyping. Results. - Hepatitis ribonucleic acid was present in the serum samples of 10 (36%) patients with hepatitis-associated aplasia. However, hepatitis C virus viremia was associated with transfusions received after the onset of aplasia: seven (58%) of 12 patients with hepatitis-associated aplasia who had received 21 or more units of blood products at the time of serum sampling were viremic, compared with only three (19%) of 16 patients with hepatitis-associated aplasia who had received 20 or less units of blood products (P < .05). Hepatitis C virus was not found in blood and bone marrow samples of three National Institutes of Health case patients tested at the time of diagnosis. None of three livers from non-A, non-B hepatitis patients who developed aplastic anemia after liver transplantation contained hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid. Activated CD8+ T lymphocytes were elevated three- to 20-fold early in the course of hepatitis-associated aplasia. Conclusions. - Our results implicate a novel, non-A, non-B, and non-C agent in both hepatitis-associated aplasia and fulminant hepatitis. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,KENSINGTON,MD. NIH,DEPT TRANSFUS MED,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NAGOYA HOSP 1ST,JAPANESE RED CROSS,CHILDRENS MED CTR,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,NAGOYA,JAPAN. SAN MARTINO HOSP,DIV HEMATOL 2,CTR BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT,GENOA,ITALY. UNIV ULM,DEPT MED 3,W-7900 ULM,GERMANY. HOSP SAN GERARDO,DIV PEDIAT HEMATOL,MILAN,ITALY. UNIV PITTSBURGH,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. RP HIBBS, JR (reprint author), NHLBI,CLIN HEMATOL BRANCH,10-7C103,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Kojima, Seiji/I-1601-2012 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL08279-02] NR 31 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 15 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 15 BP 2051 EP 2054 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HM650 UT WOS:A1992HM65000030 PM 1313118 ER PT J AU CHING, WM WYCHOWSKI, C BEACH, MJ WANG, H DAVIES, CL CARL, M BRADLEY, DW ALTER, HJ FEINSTONE, SM SHIH, JWK AF CHING, WM WYCHOWSKI, C BEACH, MJ WANG, H DAVIES, CL CARL, M BRADLEY, DW ALTER, HJ FEINSTONE, SM SHIH, JWK TI INTERACTION OF IMMUNE SERA WITH SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES CORRESPONDING TO THE STRUCTURAL PROTEIN REGION OF HEPATITIS-C VIRUS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE EPITOPE SCAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; NON-A; ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; AMINO-ACID; CHIMPANZEES; SEQUENCE; GENOME; ASSAY AB Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence from the structural region of the Hutchinson strain of hepatitis C virus (HCV-H) with four other HCV isolates clearly divides the five isolates into two groups based on sequence homology. The first group includes HCV-H, HCV-1, and HC-J1, while the second includes HCV-J1 and HC-J4. Among the five isolates the first 190 residues (putative nucleocapsid) are highly conserved whereas residues 196-513 exhibit significant diversity and include a hypervariable region encompassing residues 386-404. A series of overlapping decapeptides were synthesized by solid-phase pin technology according to sequence from HCV-H (amino acids 1-513), HC-J4 (amino acids 181-513), and regions from the three other isolates which exhibited sequence variation. A modified ELISA was used to measure immunoreactivity of sera from clinical posttransfusion cases and experimentally infected chimpanzees. Comparison of pre- and postinfection samples revealed 16 clusters of immunoreactive peptides within the structural region, none of which was found in the hypervariable region. Only one cluster (amino acids 73-89) was recognized by all human and chimpanzee sera. Clear variation in the immune response was observed between individuals, although no obvious difference in reactivity between acute and chronic cases was observed. Within individual profiles, the reactivity to each peptide cluster and the total number of reactive clusters increased over time. C1 NIH,DEPT TRANSFUS MED,BLDG 10,ROOM 1C711,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20760. CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NR 21 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 15 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 8 BP 3190 EP 3194 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.8.3190 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HP043 UT WOS:A1992HP04300006 PM 1373489 ER PT J AU GOODWIN, TE ROTHMAN, NM SALAZAR, KL SORRELS, SL EVANS, FE AF GOODWIN, TE ROTHMAN, NM SALAZAR, KL SORRELS, SL EVANS, FE TI STEREOSELECTIVITY REVERSALS IN CONJUGATE ADDITIONS TO A 2,3-DIHYDRO-4H-PYRAN-4-ONE SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HEPIALUS-CALIFORNICUS LEPIDOPTERA; MALE SEX SCALES; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT; ALPHA-ENONES; LEWIS ACID; REAGENTS; NUCLEOPHILES; ALDEHYDE; OXIDE C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP GOODWIN, TE (reprint author), HENDRIX COLL,DEPT CHEM,CONWAY,AR 72032, USA. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD APR 10 PY 1992 VL 57 IS 8 BP 2469 EP 2471 DI 10.1021/jo00034a049 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA HN858 UT WOS:A1992HN85800049 ER PT J AU HERRMANN, DJ HAMILTON, RG BARINGTON, T FRASCH, CE ARAKERE, G MAKELA, O MITCHELL, LA NAGEL, J RIJKERS, GT ZEGERS, B DANVE, B WARD, JI BROWN, CS AF HERRMANN, DJ HAMILTON, RG BARINGTON, T FRASCH, CE ARAKERE, G MAKELA, O MITCHELL, LA NAGEL, J RIJKERS, GT ZEGERS, B DANVE, B WARD, JI BROWN, CS TI QUANTITATION OF HUMAN IGG-SUBCLASS ANTIBODIES TO HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE TYPE-B CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE - RESULTS OF AN INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE STUDY USING ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY METHODOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; ELISA; POLYRIBOSYLRIBITOL PHOSPHATE; POLY-L-LYSINE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION; DISEASE; ADULTS; ELISA AB An international collaborative study was conducted at ten sites to examine the performance of enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for the quantitation of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 and total IgG anti-Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) capsular polysaccharide in human serum. All groups used the same reagents: microtiter plates coated with polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) conjugated to poly-L-lysine (PLL), reference, control and test human sera, biotin-conjugated International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS)-documented monoclonal anti-human IgG1-4 and IgG Pan detection antibodies, avidin-peroxidase and TMB substrate. Initial mixing of soluble PRP antigen or an equal volume of buffer with the 20 test sera prior to analysis confirmed PRP antigen specificity in all five EIAs with > 80% competitive inhibition at most sites. Positive correlation between the total IgG anti-Hib and sum of IgG1-4 anti-Hib was demonstrated (r2 = 0.99, Y = 1.13 X - 0.15). Good agreement wa shown between the total IgG anti-Hib as measured by EIA and the total Hib-specific antibodies measured by the current radiolabeled antigen binding assay (r2 = 0.97, Y = 4.6 X - 5.8). Assay parallelism was demonstrated with an average interdilutional %CV of 22% and parallel dose-response curve slopes. The interdilutional %CVs were calculated as an average per sample of the variation of mu-g/ml (corrected for dilution) at different dilutions per laboratory for all participating sites. The interlaboratory variation was the only performance parameter studied that exceeded the target level of 35% CV in all IgG1-4 and total IgG anti-Hib assays. IgG subclass distributions in the test sera demonstrated a predominance of IgG1 anti-Hib in the pediatric serum pools and IgG2 anti-Hib in the adult sera, with low but detectable levels of IgG3 and IgG4 anti-Hib in each group. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RIGSHOSP,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. UNIV HELSINKI,SF-00100 HELSINKI 10,FINLAND. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES CTY HARBOR MED CTR,TORRANCE,CA 90509. INST MERIEUX,LYONS,FRANCE. WILHELMINA CHILDRENS HOSP,UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RIJKSINST VOLKSGEZONDHEID MILIEUHYG,BILTHOVEN,NETHERLANDS. RP HERRMANN, DJ (reprint author), CONNAUGHT LABS INC,RES DEPT,POB 187,SWIFTWATER,PA 18370, USA. RI Barington, Torben/C-3922-2009 NR 25 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD APR 8 PY 1992 VL 148 IS 1-2 BP 101 EP 114 DI 10.1016/0022-1759(92)90163-N PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA HP092 UT WOS:A1992HP09200013 PM 1564320 ER PT J AU LIU, DT AF LIU, DT TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR SCIENTISTS OF ASIAN ORIGIN IN THE UNITED-STATES-PUBLIC-HEALTH-SERVICE SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,CBER,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 4 EP PROF PN 3 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK163 UT WOS:A1992HK16300896 ER PT J AU HARDY, BJ AF HARDY, BJ TI MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF CARBOHYDRATE-CONTAINING MOLECULES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CBER,DBB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 5 EP CELL PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100895 ER PT J AU EGAN, W WIDMALM, G AF EGAN, W WIDMALM, G TI A MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION AND NUCLEAR OVERHAUSER EFFECT NMR-SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF ALPHA-L-RHAP-(1--]2)-ALPHA-L-RHAP-(1--]OME) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 15 EP CELL PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100905 ER PT J AU BLOOM, LM CHIU, YH AF BLOOM, LM CHIU, YH TI REGULATING PROCESS CHANGES FOR DRUGS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 22 EP BIOT PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100548 ER PT J AU HARDY, BJ AF HARDY, BJ TI CALCULATION OF ENSEMBLE AVERAGED MOLECULAR-PROPERTIES OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES FOR COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENT SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,CBER,DBB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 23 EP CELL PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100913 ER PT J AU EGAN, W AF EGAN, W TI SYNTHETIC BIOMACROMOLECULAR DRUGS - AN FDA VIEWPOINT SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 26 EP BTEC PN 3 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK163 UT WOS:A1992HK16300942 ER PT J AU CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS AF CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS TI REGULATORY MULTIRESIDUE PESTICIDE ANALYSIS BY ION TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 84 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100220 ER PT J AU SHEDD, OL COUSINS, KR FREYALDENHOVEN, TE KING, BK MILLSCRANE, HE GOODWIN, TE AF SHEDD, OL COUSINS, KR FREYALDENHOVEN, TE KING, BK MILLSCRANE, HE GOODWIN, TE TI THE STEREOCHEMISTRY OF WITTIG REACTIONS ON AN ARABINOSE-DERIVED KETONE SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HENDRIX COLL,DEPT CHEM,CONWAY,AR 72032. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 89 EP CHED PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16101092 ER PT J AU SCHROEDER, LW AF SCHROEDER, LW TI SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE SURFACE WETTING RELAXATION OF LATEX RUBBERS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 101 EP COLL PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16101616 ER PT J AU BILLY, TJ AF BILLY, TJ TI SEAFOOD PERSPECTIVES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF SEAFOOD,WASHINGTON,DC 20005. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 103 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100103 ER PT J AU RIPPEY, SR AF RIPPEY, SR TI SHELLFISH-ASSOCIATED DISEASE AND HUMAN WASTES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US PHS,FDA,N KINGSTOWN,RI 02852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 115 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100114 ER PT J AU HILL, WE AF HILL, WE TI APPLICATIONS OF GENE PROBES AND PCR - PROMISE AND PROBLEMS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR,BOTHELL,WA 98041. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 119 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100117 ER PT J AU HALL, S AF HALL, S TI PARALYTIC SHELLFISH POISONS AND OTHER SEAFOOD TOXINS - CURRENT ISSUES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV SEAFOOD RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20005. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 126 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100124 ER PT J AU DICKEY, RW BENSCATH, FA AF DICKEY, RW BENSCATH, FA TI CIGUATERA AND RELATED TOXINS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,FISHERY RES FACIL,DIV SEAFOOD RES,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 129 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100127 ER PT J AU FIFER, EK MEANS, J HASS, BS AF FIFER, EK MEANS, J HASS, BS TI METABOLIC-ACTIVATION AND MUTAGENICITY OF DANTROLENE AND ITS METABOLITES SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,COLL PHARM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. W VIRGINIA UNIV,SCH PHARM,MORGANTOWN,WV 26505. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 132 EP MEDI PN 2 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK162 UT WOS:A1992HK16200332 ER PT J AU ADAMS, AM AF ADAMS, AM TI ANISAKID NEMATODES IN SEAFOOD AND THE INCIDENCE OF ANISAKIASIS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR,BOTHELL,WA 98041. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 136 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100134 ER PT J AU HUNGERFORD, JA WEKELL, MM AF HUNGERFORD, JA WEKELL, MM TI DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS IN SEAFOODS SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BOTHELL,WA 98021. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD APR 5 PY 1992 VL 203 BP 138 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA HK161 UT WOS:A1992HK16100135 ER PT J AU CASTRO, A PEDREIRA, J SORIANO, V HEWLETT, I JHOSI, B EPSTEIN, J GONZALEZLAHOZ, J AF CASTRO, A PEDREIRA, J SORIANO, V HEWLETT, I JHOSI, B EPSTEIN, J GONZALEZLAHOZ, J TI KAPOSIS-SARCOMA AND DISSEMINATED TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-NEGATIVE INDIVIDUAL SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 INST SALUD CARLOS 3,CTR CLIN INVEST,MADRID,SPAIN. US FDA,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP CASTRO, A (reprint author), HOSP JUAN CANALEJO,SERV INTERNAL MED,E-15006 LA CORUNA,SPAIN. NR 9 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 4 PY 1992 VL 339 IS 8797 BP 868 EP 868 DI 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90308-P PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HM441 UT WOS:A1992HM44100023 PM 1347872 ER PT J AU ADAMS, AJ WENNERSTROM, DE MAYHUE, M MRAK, RE HINSON, WG AF ADAMS, AJ WENNERSTROM, DE MAYHUE, M MRAK, RE HINSON, WG TI BACTERIA - RODS OF CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE ASPECT RATIO SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note ID PARTICLES C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. JOHN MCCLELLAN MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LAB SERV,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP ADAMS, AJ (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT ELECTR & INSTRUMENTAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 16 IS 3 BP 198 EP 204 DI 10.1080/02786829208959548 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA HT671 UT WOS:A1992HT67100005 ER PT J AU BLAY, R HERNANDEZ, D BETTS, M CLERICI, M LUCEY, DR HENDRIX, C HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B AF BLAY, R HERNANDEZ, D BETTS, M CLERICI, M LUCEY, DR HENDRIX, C HOFFMAN, T GOLDING, B TI BRUCELLA-ABORTUS STIMULATES HUMAN T-CELLS FROM UNINFECTED AND HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS TO SECRETE IFN-GAMMA - IMPLICATIONS FOR USE OF BRUCELLA-ABORTUS AS A CARRIER IN DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN VACCINES SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; INTERFERON-GAMMA; BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; B-CELLS; INVITRO; HELPER; HETEROGENEITY; LYMPHOKINES; ANTIGENS AB Brucella abortus has been characterized as a T-independent type 1 antigen/carrier in human and murine antibody responses. In this report it is shown that BA can activate human CD3+ T cells to secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Unlike mitogens, such as phytohemagglutinin, this stimulation was associated with minimal T-cell proliferation or upregulation of interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor. Monocytes inhibited BA-mediated IFN-gamma secretion since their removal resulted in increased responses, whereas adding monocytes back to cultures caused inhibition. BA elicited IFN-gamma from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, although CD4+ T cells secrete significantly more (p < 0.05) IFN-gamma than CD8+ T cells. The ability of BA to elicit IFN-gamma from human T cells was inhibited in the presence of anti-Tac, suggesting that BA also induces IL-2 secretion and that IL-2 is involved in BA-mediated IFN-gamma secretion. Detectable IL-2 secretion was induced by BA in the presence of anti-Tac. Exogenous IL-2 acted synergistically with BA to enhance IFN-gamma secretion, suggesting that the amount of IL-2 released by BA alone was insufficient for optimal IFN-gamma release. Furthermore, addition of IL-2 to T cells from individuals with poor or absent responses to BA, including individuals infected with HIV-1, restored their ability to secrete IFN-gamma in response to BA. These data indicate that BA is capable not only of activating human B cells but can also induce T cells, probably of the TH1 phenotype, to secrete IFN-gamma. Production of IFN-gamma in response to BA has implications in the proposed development of BA as a carrier for human vaccines, since IFN-gamma has multiple effects including macrophage activation, B-cell differentiation, and antiviral activity. C1 US FDA,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BLDG 29,RM 231,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. SCHMMI,HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS UNIT,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. RI Hendrix, Craig/G-4182-2014 OI Hendrix, Craig/0000-0002-5696-8665 NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 1992 VL 8 IS 4 BP 479 EP 486 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.479 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA HR877 UT WOS:A1992HR87700009 PM 1350916 ER PT J AU SEIDMAN, JD BERMAN, JJ MOORE, GW YETTER, RA AF SEIDMAN, JD BERMAN, JJ MOORE, GW YETTER, RA TI MULTIPARAMETER DNA FLOW-CYTOMETRY OF KERATOACANTHOMA SO ANALYTICAL AND QUANTITATIVE CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL; TUMORS; ANEUPLOIDY; CARCINOMA; PLOIDY; INDEX AB Keratoacanthomas (KAs) are rapidly growing cutaneous lesions that frequently look much like well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) but spontaneously regress. It is unceratin whether KA is a reactive hyperplastic lesion that mimics a neoplasm or a true (but defective) neoplasm that cannot sustain progressive growth. To address this question, we performed DNA flow cytometric analysis on 14 KAs and 10 cutaneous SCCs for comparison. By multiparameter DNA flow cytometry using forward scatter and orthogonal scatter, 10 KAs and 4 SCCs had peridiploid DNA aneuploid populations (DNA indices of 1.03-1.14), and 2 SCCs had grossly aneuploid populations (DNA index, 1.69 and 2.33). Our data thus support aneuploidy in KAs. It is argued that KA is a true neoplasm. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV LAB,BALTIMORE,MD. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,BALTIMORE,MD. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,AUTOPSY SECT,BALTIMORE,MD. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,ELECTRON MICROSCOPY SECT,BALTIMORE,MD. JOHNS HOPKINS MED INST,DEPT PATHOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0884-6812 J9 ANAL QUANT CYTOL JI Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 14 IS 2 BP 113 EP 119 PG 7 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA HQ198 UT WOS:A1992HQ19800006 PM 1590894 ER PT J AU NARRO, ML CERNIGLIA, CE VANBAALEN, C GIBSON, DT AF NARRO, ML CERNIGLIA, CE VANBAALEN, C GIBSON, DT TI METABOLISM OF PHENANTHRENE BY THE MARINE CYANOBACTERIUM AGMENELLUM-QUADRUPLICATUM PR-6 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FUNGUS CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS; ARENE OXIDES; K-REGION; EPOXIDE HYDRASE; RAT-LIVER; DIHYDRODIOLS; DERIVATIVES; ANTHRACENE; OXIDATION AB Under photoautotrophic growth conditions, the marine cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6 metabolized phenanthrene to form trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol) and 1-methoxyphenanthrene as the major ethyl acetate-extractable metabolites. Small amounts of phenanthrols were also formed. The metabolites were purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography and identified from their UV, infrared, mass, and proton magnetic resonance spectral properties. A. quadruplicatum PR-6 formed phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol with a 22% enantiomeric excess of the (-)-9S,10S-enantiomer. Incorporation experiments with O-18(2) showed that one atom of oxygen from O2 was incorporated into the dihydrodiol. Toxicity studies, using an algal lawn bioassay, indicated that 9-phenanthrol and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone inhibit the growth of A. quadruplicatum PR-6. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV TEXAS,INST MARINE SCI,PORT ARANSAS MARINE LAB,PORT ARANSAS,TX 78373. UNIV IOWA,DEPT MICROBIOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM29909] NR 51 TC 72 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 58 IS 4 BP 1351 EP 1359 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HM121 UT WOS:A1992HM12100041 PM 1599252 ER PT J AU NARRO, ML CERNIGLIA, CE VANBAALEN, C GIBSON, DT AF NARRO, ML CERNIGLIA, CE VANBAALEN, C GIBSON, DT TI EVIDENCE FOR AN NIH SHIFT IN OXIDATION OF NAPHTHALENE BY THE MARINE CYANOBACTERIUM OSCILLATORIA SP STRAIN JCM SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID METABOLISM; OXIDE; HYDROXYLATION; 1-NAPHTHOL; TOXICITY; PATHWAY AB The marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. strain JCM oxidized naphthalene predominantly to 1-naphthol. Experiments with [1-H-2]naphthalene and [2-H-2]naphthalene indicated that 1-naphthol was formed with 68 and 74% retention of deuterium, respectively. No significant isotope effect was observed when the organism was incubated with a 1:1 mixture of naphthalene and [H-2(8)]naphthalene. The results indicate that 1-naphthol is formed through a naphthalene 1,2-oxide intermediate, which rearranges spontaneously via an NIH shift mechanism. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV TEXAS,INST MARINE SCI,PORT ARANSAS MARINE LAB,PORT ARANSAS,TX 78373. UNIV IOWA,DEPT MICROBIOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA19078] NR 20 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 58 IS 4 BP 1360 EP 1363 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HM121 UT WOS:A1992HM12100042 PM 1599253 ER PT J AU BURKHARDT, W WATKINS, WD RIPPEY, SR AF BURKHARDT, W WATKINS, WD RIPPEY, SR TI SURVIVAL AND REPLICATION OF MALE-SPECIFIC BACTERIOPHAGES IN MOLLUSCAN SHELLFISH SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID CHLORINE RESIDUALS; INACTIVATION; VIRUS; WATER; INDICATORS; BACTERIA AB The survival and replication of male-specific bacteriophages in hard-shelled clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) and their homogenates were examined to further assess their potential utility as indicator organisms. Trials were conducted in the presence and absence of a suitable bacterial host, Escherichia coli HS[pFamp]R. Results of this study demonstrated that male-specific bacteriophages were unable to replicate in hard-shelled clams, with or without added host cells. In addition, the densities of these bacteriophages were stable for up to 7 days in shellfish held at ambient seawater temperatures (< 25-degrees-C). Evidence of replication, although not observed in live shellfish, was found to occur in temperature-abused shellfish homogenates and supernatants, but only when a suitable bacterial host was present. C1 US FDA,NE TECH SERV UNIT,BLDG S-26,CBC DAVISVILLE,N KINGSTOWN,RI 02854. RP BURKHARDT, W (reprint author), UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT MICROBIOL,KINGSTON,RI 02881, USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 58 IS 4 BP 1371 EP 1373 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HM121 UT WOS:A1992HM12100045 PM 1599255 ER PT J AU MILLER, SA JAMES, RH SLINEY, DH AF MILLER, SA JAMES, RH SLINEY, DH TI INDIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPES - EVALUATION FOR POTENTIAL HAZARD SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE INDIRECT OPHTHALMOSCOPE; HAZARD ANALYSIS; OPTICAL RADIATION ID RADIATION AB The optical radiation emitted from eight indirect ophthalmoscopes was measured. The levels were compared with the threshold limit values (TLVs) published by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Many tested instruments were found to emit unnecessarily high levels of ultraviolet and infrared radiation in addition to visible light. The levels of optical radiation emitted from most of the ophthalmoscopes were below the applicable TLVs. Nevertheless, suitable blocking filters can reduce the emission of ultraviolet and infrared radiation. Use of the ophthalmoscopes at the lowest possible power setting and the shortest possible exposure time would further minimize patient exposure. C1 USA,ENVIRONM HYG AGCY,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. RP MILLER, SA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD APR 1 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1631 EP 1637 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA HM110 UT WOS:A1992HM11000034 PM 20720798 ER PT J AU BELGOROD, BM EDIGER, MN WEIBLINGER, RP ERLANDSON, RA AF BELGOROD, BM EDIGER, MN WEIBLINGER, RP ERLANDSON, RA TI TANGENTIAL CORNEAL SURFACE ABLATION WITH 193-NM AND 308-NM EXCIMER AND 2936-NM ERBIUM-YAG LASER IRRADIATION SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY; LENTICULES; SURGERY; TISSUE AB An argon-fluoride excimer laser operating at 193 nm was used to perform tangential, wide-area surface photoablation of the corneas of bovine eyes. Comparisons were made with similar tangential ablations performed with the use of 308-nm xenon chloride excimer laser and qi/gl 2936-nm erbium-YAG laser irradiation to evaluate potential photochemical and thermal effects. Light and transmission electron microscopy of the corneal tissue revealed minimal tissue architectural changes for ablation at 193 nm. The zone of ultrastructural change at the corneal surface with the 193-nm excimer laser was 120 nm thick. The clinical apperance of the corneal surfaces produced by the tangential ablation at 193 nm was the most satisfactory of those with the three wavelengths tested, being macroscopically smooth and glossy. C1 MANHATTAN EYE EAR & THROAT HOSP LABS,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,NEW YORK,NY 10021. CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,NEW YORK HOSP,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,NEW YORK,NY 10021. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,DEPT PATHOL,NEW YORK,NY 10021. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 110 IS 4 BP 533 EP 536 PG 4 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA HN279 UT WOS:A1992HN27900035 PM 1562264 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI AF MILLER, HI TI CONTROVERSIAL COMMENTS SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD APR PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 454 EP 455 DI 10.1038/nbt0492-454d PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA HU832 UT WOS:A1992HU83200036 PM 1368492 ER PT J AU PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG LYNCOOK, LE FEUERS, RJ BURNS, ER LEAKEY, JEA HART, RW CASCIANO, DA AF PIPKIN, JL HINSON, WG LYNCOOK, LE FEUERS, RJ BURNS, ER LEAKEY, JEA HART, RW CASCIANO, DA TI THE HIGH MOBILITY GROUP OF NUCLEAR PROTEINS AS BIOMARKERS OF AGE AND CALORIC RESTRICTION IN RATS SO BIOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES; MALE FISCHER-344 RAT; DIETARY RESTRICTION; CELL-CYCLE; EXPRESSION; CHROMATIN; TESTIS; SYSTEM RP PIPKIN, JL (reprint author), US FDA, NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV GENET TOXICOL, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS AUST PI MARRICKVILLE PA LOCKED BAG 16, MARRICKVILLE, NSW 2204, AUSTRALIA SN 0158-5231 J9 BIOCHEM INT PD APR PY 1992 VL 26 IS 5 BP 953 EP 961 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA HT563 UT WOS:A1992HT56300019 PM 1610393 ER PT J AU HOBERG, EP ADAMS, AM AF HOBERG, EP ADAMS, AM TI PHYLOGENY, HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY, AND ECOLOGY OF ANOPHRYOCEPHALUS SPP (EUCESTODA, TETRABOTHRIIDAE) AMONG PINNIPEDS OF THE HOLARCTIC DURING THE LATE TERTIARY AND PLEISTOCENE SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Review ID EVOLUTION; PARASITE; COEVOLUTION; HOST; PLATYHELMINTHES; CERCOMERIA; REVISION; CESTODES; DIGENEA; GENERA AB Phylogenetic systematic analyses of Anophryocephalus spp. resulted in a single most-parsimonious cladogram (consistency index: 80 %). Cladograms for pinniped hosts (phocids and otariids) and Anophryocephalus spp. were highly incongruent, corroborating a hypothesis for colonization as a dominant determinant of parasite diversification. Phoca (Pusa) spp. in the Atlantic basin are postulated as the initial hosts; range expansion for hosts and parasites into the Pacific basin through the Arctic (ca. 3.0-2.5 million years ago) was followed by radiation of Anophryocephalus spp. among Phoca spp. and subsequent colonization of otariids (Eumetopias jubatus as typical hosts; ca. 2.0 million years ago). Host phylogeny and historical biogeography in conjunction with host distributions of these cestodes indicate evolution of Anophryocephalus was associated with dispersal and radiation of Phoca spp. in the Holarctic during the Late Pliocene and Pleistocene. Isolation in regional refugia and vicariance (during stadials) and subsequent range expansion and sequential colonization (interstadials) are postulated as the primary determinants of host-parasite diversification in the North Pacific during the late Tertiary and Quaternary. Colonization is regarded as a central theme in the development of cestode faunas among marine homeotherms. C1 US FDA,SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR,BOTHELL,WA 98041. RP HOBERG, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS,BIOSYST PARASITOL LAB,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR E,BLDG 1180,10300 BALTIMORE AVE,BELTSVILLE,MD 20715, USA. NR 107 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD APR PY 1992 VL 70 IS 4 BP 703 EP 719 DI 10.1139/z92-105 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA JB043 UT WOS:A1992JB04300011 ER PT J AU CONNEY, AH ADAMSON, RH HART, RW SCHEUPLEIN, RJ SOMOGYI, A SUGIMURA, T AF CONNEY, AH ADAMSON, RH HART, RW SCHEUPLEIN, RJ SOMOGYI, A SUGIMURA, T TI PANEL DISCUSSION - NUTRITION AND CANCER CONFERENCE SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Discussion C1 NATL CANC CTR,TOKYO 104,JAPAN. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. MAX VON PETTENKOFFER INST,BERLIN,GERMANY. RP CONNEY, AH (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD APR 1 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 7 SU S BP S2124 EP S2125 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HL808 UT WOS:A1992HL80800021 ER PT J AU WAINFAN, E POIRIER, LA AF WAINFAN, E POIRIER, LA TI METHYL-GROUPS IN CARCINOGENESIS - EFFECTS ON DNA METHYLATION AND GENE-EXPRESSION SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON NUTRITION AND CANCER CY APR 17-19, 1991 CL ATLANTA, GA SP AMER CANC SOC, CTR DIS CONTROL, EMORY UNIV, NCI ID CHOLINE-DEVOID DIET; ACID-DEFINED DIETS; RETROVIRUS-LIKE SEQUENCES; TRANSFER-RNA METHYLATION; RAT-LIVER; DEFICIENT DIETS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; CELLULAR ONCOGENES; METHIONINE; HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS AB Lipotrope-deficient (methyl-deficient) diets cause fatty livers and increased liver-cell turnover and promote carcinogenesis in rodents. In rats prolonged intake of methyl-deficient diets results in liver tumor development. The mechanisms responsible for the cancer-promoting and carcinogenic properties of this deficiency remain unclear. The results of the experiments described here lend support to the hypothesis that intake of such a diet, by causing depletion of S-adenosylmethionine pools, results in DNA hypomethylation, which in turn leads to changes in expression of genes that may have key roles in regulation of growth. In livers of rats fed a severely methyl-deficient diet (MDD), lowered pools of S-adenosylmethionine and hypomethylated DNA were observed within 1 week. The extent of DNA hypomethylation increased when MDD was fed for longer periods. The decreases in overall levels of DNA methylation were accompanied by simultaneous alterations in gene expression, yielding patterns that closely resembled those reported to occur in livers of animals exposed to cancer-promoting chemicals and in hepatomas. Northern blot analysis of polyadenylated RNAs from livers of rats fed control or deficient diets showed that, after 1 week of MDD intake, there were large increases in levels of mRNAs for the c-myc and c-fos oncogenes, somewhat smaller increases in c-Ha-ras mRNA, and virtually no change in levels of c-Ki-ras mRNA. In contrast, mRNAs for epidermal growth factor receptor decreased significantly. The elevated levels of expression of the c-myc, c-fos, and c-Ha-ras genes were accompanied by selective changes in patterns of methylation within the sequences specifying these genes. Changes in DNA methylation and in gene expression induced in livers of rats fed MDD for 1 month were gradually reversed after restoration of an adequate diet. In hepatomas induced by prolonged dietary methyl deficiency, methylation patterns of c-Ki-ras and c-Ha-ras were abnormal. Although human diets are unlikely to be as severely methyl deficient as those used in these experiments, in some parts of the world intake of diets that are low in methionine and choline and contaminated with mycotoxins, such as aflatoxin, are common. Even in industrialized nations, deficiencies of folic acid and vitamin B-12 are not uncommon and are exacerbated by some therapeutic agents and by substance abuse. Thus, it seems possible that interactions of diet and contaminants or drugs, by inducing changes in DNA methylation and aberrant gene expression, may contribute to cancer causation in humans. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP WAINFAN, E (reprint author), NEW YORK BLOOD CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 47600] NR 66 TC 281 Z9 289 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD APR 1 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 7 SU S BP S2071 EP S2077 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HL808 UT WOS:A1992HL80800011 PM 1544143 ER PT J AU MINCHIN, RF ILETT, KF TEITEL, CH REEVES, PT KADLUBAR, FF AF MINCHIN, RF ILETT, KF TEITEL, CH REEVES, PT KADLUBAR, FF TI DIRECT ORTHO-ACETYLATION OF NORMAL-HYDROXY ARYLAMINES BY ACETYLSALICYLIC-ACID TO FORM CARCINOGEN DNA ADDUCTS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ASPIRIN; DEACETYLATION; FORESTOMACH; INVITRO; BLADDER AB Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) has been shown to acetylate a number of drugs and biological macromolecules. Since enzymatic O-acetylation of N-hydroxy arylamines is regarded as an important activation step for DNA adduct formation, we initially examined the ability of aspirin to serve as an acetyl donor for this reaction, using rabbit liver cytosol. Instead, a direct non-enzymatic reaction was observed. Arylamine-DNA binding was enhanced from 3- to 25-fold at pH 7 by addition of aspirin to reactions containing the N-hydroxy derivatives of 2-aminofluorene (AF), 4-aminobiphenyl, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, but not for 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline or 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido [1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole. Further studies with N-hydroxy-AF showed that reaction rates were first order with respect to both aspirin (0.1 - 10 mM) and N-hydroxy-AF (0.01 - 0.1 mM) concentrations. In contrast, aspirin had no effect on reactions conducted at pH 5 where N-hydroxy-AF is known to undergo protonation and react with DNA to form high levels of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-AF. N-Acetylation of AF by aspirin under these conditions was also negligible. However, the formation of the adduct from N-hydroxy-AF occurred at high yield (64-82%) at pH 7 with either DNA or 2'-deoxyguanosine. HPLC analyses showed only an aspirin-dependent loss of N-hydroxy-AF and concomitant adduct formation, with no detectable formation of solvolysis products. This indicated that the reaction proceeds to a significant extent only upon addition of the nucleophile, and suggests the formation of an O-tetrahedral intermediate that is in equilibrium with both the N-hydroxy derivative and the reactive N-acetoxy arylamine. Thus, the apparent O-acetylation of certain N-hydroxy arylamines selectively by aspirin offers a convenient route for the synthesis of arylamine - DNA adducts. The potential biological significance of this reaction in vivo is also discussed. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MINCHIN, RF (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA,DEPT PHARMACOL,DRUG METAB & TOXICOL SECT,NEDLANDS,WA 6009,AUSTRALIA. NR 34 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD APR PY 1992 VL 13 IS 4 BP 663 EP 667 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.4.663 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HT223 UT WOS:A1992HT22300024 PM 1576718 ER PT J AU PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A AF PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA, CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES, DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV, SCH PHARM, RICHMOND, VA 23284 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SCH PHARM, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. AMER CYANAMID CO, PEARL RIVER, NY USA. CIBA GEIGY CORP, SUMMIT, NJ 07901 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, BUFFALO, NY 14260 USA. ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, MEMPHIS, TN 38101 USA. SUNY BUFFALO, MILLARD FILMORE HOSP, CLIN PHARMACOKINET LAB, BUFFALO, NY 14260 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, MED CTR, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT ANESTHESIA, PALO ALTO, CA USA. NR 0 TC 152 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD APR PY 1992 VL 51 IS 4 BP 465 EP 473 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HQ702 UT WOS:A1992HQ70200014 PM 1563216 ER PT J AU BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D AF BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D TI KINETICS AND YIELD OF HIV-1 INFECTION SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,DBB,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A230 EP A230 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74100534 ER PT J AU JONES, K MCKNIGHT, JLC BREINIG, MC HO, M TOSATO, G AF JONES, K MCKNIGHT, JLC BREINIG, MC HO, M TOSATO, G TI ABNORMALLY ELEVATED CIRCULATING IL-6 LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH POST TRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIV PITTSBURGH,GRAD SCH PUBL HLTH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A242 EP A242 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74100607 ER PT J AU LAHVIS, G TAPLITS, M VIA, CS AF LAHVIS, G TAPLITS, M VIA, CS TI REDUCED INVITRO T-CELL FUNCTION IN LUPUS MICE IS DUE TO DEFECTIVE INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING IN BOTH CD4+ AND CD8+ T-CELLS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VET ADM MED CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A221 EP A221 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74100481 ER PT J AU LUONG, H FINBLOOM, DS AF LUONG, H FINBLOOM, DS TI PHOSPHORYLATION OF THE HUMAN INTERFERON-GAMMA RECEPTOR ON PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES IS NOT IN ITSELF A REQUIREMENT FOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A185 EP A185 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74100285 ER PT J AU PERSHING, LK CORLETT, J JORGENSEN, C KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP WRIGHT, ED AF PERSHING, LK CORLETT, J JORGENSEN, C KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP WRIGHT, ED TI DISPARITY IN KETOCONAZOLE ACTIVITY INVITRO VERSUS TINEA-PEDIS SUBJECTS FOLLOWING ORAL AND TOPICAL ADMINISTRATION SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV UTAH,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. US FDA,DEPT BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A535 EP A535 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102300 ER PT J AU SAXON, A ZHANG, K MAX, EE AF SAXON, A ZHANG, K MAX, EE TI HUMAN EPSILON MESSENGER-RNAS CODE FOR A SINGLE NOVEL MEMBRANE IGE AND A 2ND SECRETED IGE SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A342 EP A342 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74101169 ER PT J AU WHITTAKER, P CHANDERBHAN, RF ROBL, MR DUNKEL, VC AF WHITTAKER, P CHANDERBHAN, RF ROBL, MR DUNKEL, VC TI IRON OVERLOAD IN THE RAT - AN INVIVO MODEL FOR HEMOCHROMATOSIS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,DIV PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A643 EP A643 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74102934 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, ED LAMBERT, L KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP PERSHING, LK AF WRIGHT, ED LAMBERT, L KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP PERSHING, LK TI DIFFERENTIAL CUTANEOUS UPTAKE AND CLINICAL EFFICACY OF ORAL VERSUS TOPICAL KETOCONAZOLE IN HUMANS WITH TINEA-PEDIS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV UTAH,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 2 BP A464 EP A464 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HN741 UT WOS:A1992HN74101873 ER PT J AU COLLINS, TFX BLACK, TN ODONNELL, MW BULHACK, P AF COLLINS, TFX BLACK, TN ODONNELL, MW BULHACK, P TI STUDY OF THE TERATOGENIC POTENTIAL OF FD-AND-C YELLOW NO-5 WHEN GIVEN IN DRINKING-WATER SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AZO DYES; REDUCTION; TARTRAZINE AB FD & C Yellow No. 5 was available to pregnant Osborne-Mendel rats throughout gestation at dose levels of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 or 0.7% in solution in distilled drinking-water. Based on fluid consumption, the rats received 67.4, 131.8, 292.4, 567.9 and 1064.3 mg FD & C Yellow No. 5/kg body weight/day. Distilled water served as the control. No dose-related changes were seen in mean daily food consumption or maternal body-weight gain. Starting during the second trimester of gestation, fluid consumption was significantly greater in the rats given 0.7% FD & C Yellow No. 5 than in the controls. The females were killed on gestation day 20. No dose-related changes were seen in maternal clinical findings, implantations, foetal viability or foetal size (weight and length). No dose-related foetal terata were seen. Neither visceral development nor skeletal development (sternebral and other skeletal bones) was affected by the dye. The small numbers of statistically significant increases in skeletal variations in the 0.05 and 0.4% levels are considered random because they are not dose related. RP COLLINS, TFX (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 263 EP 268 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(92)90002-3 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA JB922 UT WOS:A1992JB92200001 PM 1628860 ER PT J AU SHEU, CW RODRIGUEZ, I LEE, JK AF SHEU, CW RODRIGUEZ, I LEE, JK TI PROLIFERATION AND MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF BALB/3T3 CELLS BY A PROLONGED TREATMENT WITH SODIUM ORTHOVANADATE SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-SYNTHESIS; VANADIUM; MUTAGENICITY; CARCINOGENS; INDUCTION; VANADATE; INVITRO; ASSAY AB BALB/3T3 mouse embryo cells were used to study the effect of sodium orthovanadate on cell proliferation and morphological transformation. In the presence of the chemical (0.25-1.0-mu-g/ml), the cells continued to proliferate after the cultures were confluent. However, contact-inhibited growth was resumed after removal of the chemical from the culture medium. Continued exposure of the cells to the chemical for 4 wk led to the production of numerous foci consisting of morphologically transformed cells. In contrast, an in vitro transformation assay with a 48-hr treatment protocol followed by 4 wk of incubation without the chemical produced negative results. To test the stability of the transformed foci that were produced on prolonged exposure, we isolated 20 foci with distinctly transformed characteristics from treated cultures and grew them in medium without orthovanadate. 15 isolates gradually reverted to contact-inhibited growth and five maintained the transformed phenotype through ten serial subcultures. The results show that the majority of the transformed foci from the orthovanadate-treated culture failed to maintain transformed characteristics in the absence of the chemical. However, a small fraction of the foci appeared to be altered permanently and exhibited a transformed phenotype in the absence of the chemical. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SHEU, CW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,GENET TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 307 EP 311 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(92)90008-9 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA JB922 UT WOS:A1992JB92200007 PM 1628866 ER PT J AU FIDDLER, W PENSABENE, J SPHON, J ANDRZEJEWSKI, D AF FIDDLER, W PENSABENE, J SPHON, J ANDRZEJEWSKI, D TI NITROSAMINES IN RUBBER BANDS USED FOR ORTHODONTIC PURPOSES SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Note ID N-NITROSAMINES; NETTINGS; NIPPLES AB Fourteen samples from eight brands of elastic-rubber bands used in orthodontics were tested for their nitrosamine content. The presence of N-nitrosodibutylamine and N-nitrosopiperidine was confirmed. The potential for nitrosamine formation from accelerating agents used for vulcanization and from other nitrosatable amines, which may be present in rubber exposed to salivary nitrite, justifies further investigations. C1 US FDA,CFSAN,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP FIDDLER, W (reprint author), USDA ARS,ERRC,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 30 IS 4 BP 325 EP 326 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(92)90010-I PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA JB922 UT WOS:A1992JB92200009 PM 1628868 ER PT J AU DIRKSEN, ML JAMRICH, M AF DIRKSEN, ML JAMRICH, M TI A NOVEL, ACTIVIN-INDUCIBLE, BLASTOPORE LIP-SPECIFIC GENE OF XENOPUS-LAEVIS CONTAINS A FORK HEAD DNA-BINDING DOMAIN SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE ACTIVIN; FORK HEAD DOMAIN; MESODERMAL INDUCTION; NEURAL FLOOR PLATE; NEURAL INDUCTION; NOTOCHORD ID DROSOPHILA EMBRYO; HOMEOTIC GENE; MESODERM INDUCTION; GROWTH-FACTORS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS; TAIL DEVELOPMENT; EXPRESSION; RNA; IDENTIFICATION AB The organizer region, or dorsal blastopore lip, plays a central role in the initiation of gastrulation and the formation of the body axis during Xenopus development. A similar process can also be induced in ectodermal explants by activin or by injection of activin mRNA into embryos. We have searched early embryo-specific cDNA libraries for genes containing the fork head box sequence that encodes a DNA-binding domain similar to that of the Drosophila homeotic gene fork head and rat hepatocyte nuclear factor HFN3-beta. These genes were subsequently tested for expression in the organizer region of blastula/gastrula-stage embryos as well as inducibility by activin. Our effort resulted in the isolation of a gene, XFKH1, that is primarily expressed in the dorsal blastopore lip of early gastrulae and is inducible by activin. At later stages it is expressed in the notochord and neural floor plate. Because of its spatial and temporal expression pattern, as well as its inducibility by activin, this gene is a good candidate to have a regulatory function in the initial processes of axis formation in Xenopus laevis embryos. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 58 TC 243 Z9 244 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD APR PY 1992 VL 6 IS 4 BP 599 EP 608 DI 10.1101/gad.6.4.599 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HP038 UT WOS:A1992HP03800008 PM 1559610 ER PT J AU BARENKAMP, SJ LEININGER, E AF BARENKAMP, SJ LEININGER, E TI CLONING, EXPRESSION, AND DNA-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF GENES ENCODING NONTYPABLE HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT SURFACE-EXPOSED PROTEINS RELATED TO FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; NONTYPABLE HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; BACTERIOPHAGE-T7 RNA-POLYMERASE; RESPIRATORY-EPITHELIAL-CELLS; BACTERICIDAL ANTIBODY; SERRATIA-MARCESCENS; CHOLERA-TOXIN; ADHERENCE; TERMINATORS; SIMILARITY AB A group of high-molecular-weight surface-exposed proteins of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae are major targets of human serum antibody (S. J. Barenkamp and F. F. Bodor, Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 9:333-337, 1990). To further characterize these proteins, we cloned and sequenced genes encoding two related high-molecular-weight proteins from a prototype nontypeable Haemophilus strain. The gene encoding a 120-kDa Haemophilus protein consisted of a 4.4-kbp open reading frame, and the gene encoding a 125-kDa protein consisted of a 4.6-kbp open reading frame. The first 1,259 bp of the two genes were identical. Thereafter, the sequences began to diverge, but overall they were 80% identical, and the derived amino acid sequences showed 70% identity. A protein sequence homology search demonstrated similarity between the derived amino acid sequences of both cloned genes and the derived amino acid sequence of the gene encoding filamentous hemagglutinin, a surface protein produced by the gram-negative pathogen Bordetella pertussis. Antiserum raised against a recombinant protein encoded by the 4.6-kbp open reading frame recognized both the 120- and the 125-kDa proteins in the prototype strain as well as antigenically related high-molecular-weight proteins in 75% of a collection of 125 epidemiologically unrelated nontypeable H. influenzae strains. The antiserum directed against the recombinant protein also recognized purified filamentous hemagglutinin. A murine monoclonal antibody to filamentous hemagglutinin recognized both the 120-kDa and the 125-kDa protein in the prototype strain as well as proteins identical to those recognized by the recombinant-protein antiserum in 35% of the nontypeable H. influenzae strain collection. Thus, we have identified and partially characterized a group of highly immunogenic surface-exposed proteins of nontypeable H. influenzae which are related to the filamentous hemagglutinin of B. pertussis. C1 ST LOUIS CHILDRENS HOSP,DIV INFECT DIS,ST LOUIS,MO 63178. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,CELLULAR PHYSIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD. RP BARENKAMP, SJ (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,EDWARD MALLINCKRODT DEPT PEDIAT,ST LOUIS,MO 63110, USA. OI Barenkamp, Stephen/0000-0002-3054-8910 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI21707] NR 43 TC 200 Z9 203 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1992 VL 60 IS 4 BP 1302 EP 1313 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HK753 UT WOS:A1992HK75300007 PM 1548058 ER PT J AU GOLDSTEIN, J HOFFMAN, T FRASCH, C LIZZIO, EF BEINING, PR HOCHSTEIN, D LEE, YL ANGUS, RD GOLDING, B AF GOLDSTEIN, J HOFFMAN, T FRASCH, C LIZZIO, EF BEINING, PR HOCHSTEIN, D LEE, YL ANGUS, RD GOLDING, B TI LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE (LPS) FROM BRUCELLA-ABORTUS IS LESS TOXIC THAN THAT FROM ESCHERICHIA-COLI, SUGGESTING THE POSSIBLE USE OF B-ABORTUS OR LPS FROM B-ABORTUS AS A CARRIER IN VACCINES SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SMOOTH AB Brucella abortus may be useful as a component of vaccines. This is because it possesses several unique properties as a carrier that enable it to stimulate human B cells even in the relative absence of T cells. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteins conjugated to B. abortus could induce neutralizing antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Recently we showed that the characteristics of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from B. abortus are similar to those of the whole bacterium in that the LPS acts as a T-independent type 1 carrier in mice. In this study we wanted to determine whether LPS derived from B. abortus is associated with the adverse effects seen with other bacterial endotoxins. LPS purified from B. abortus by butanol extraction was shown to have < 2% (wt/wt) contamination by protein and < 1% (wt/wt) contamination by nucleic acids and to contain 1% (wt/wt) ketodeoxyoctanic acid. Compared with LPS derived from Escherichia coli, B. abortus LPS was 10,000-fold less potent in eliciting fever in rabbits, 268-fold less potent in killing D-galactosamine-sensitized mice, and 1,400-fold and 400-fold less potent in inducing interleukin-1-beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha production, respectively. These results suggest that B. abortus LPS is much less likely than the LPS from E. coli to evoke endotoxic shock; therefore, it may be feasible to incorporate B. abortus as a component of vaccines. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOL QUAL CONTROL,BIOL TESTING LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,NATL VET SERV LABS,AMES,IA 50010. NR 24 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1992 VL 60 IS 4 BP 1385 EP 1389 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HK753 UT WOS:A1992HK75300018 PM 1548064 ER PT J AU SHAHIN, RD AMSBAUGH, DF LEEF, MF AF SHAHIN, RD AMSBAUGH, DF LEEF, MF TI MUCOSAL IMMUNIZATION WITH FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ PROTECTS AGAINST BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS RESPIRATORY-INFECTION SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ORAL IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; VACCINE; CELLS; ANTIGEN; IGA; ANTIBODY; MICE; TRANSPORT; TISSUES AB Mucosal immunization of mice with purified Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), by either the respiratory or the gut route, was found to protect against B. pertussis infection of the trachea and lungs. Intranasal immunization of BALB/c and (C57BL/6 x C3H/HeN)F1 adult female mice with FHA prior to B. pertussis aerosol challenge resulted in a 2 to 3 log reduction in number of bacteria recovered from the lungs and the tracheas of immunized mice in comparison to unimmunized controls. Intraduodenal immunization of adult mice with FHA before infection also resulted in approximately a 2 log reduction in the recovery of bacteria from the lungs and the tracheas of immunized mice in comparison to unimmunized controls. Immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G anti-FHA were both detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of mucosally immunized mice. Limiting dilution analysis revealed a 60-fold increase in the frequency of FHA-specific B cells isolated from the lungs of mice immunized intranasally with FHA in comparison to unimmunized control mice. These data suggest that both gut and respiratory mucosal immunization with a major adhesin of B. pertussis generates a specific immune response in the respiratory tract that may serve as one means of mitigating subsequent B. pertussis respiratory infection. RP SHAHIN, RD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,PERTUSSIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 43 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1992 VL 60 IS 4 BP 1482 EP 1488 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA HK753 UT WOS:A1992HK75300031 PM 1548072 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW APPROVED ORPHAN DRUG TO TREAT PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 13 BP 1721 EP 1721 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HK672 UT WOS:A1992HK67200005 PM 1545450 ER PT J AU ALRASHDAN, A VELA, NP CARUSO, JA HEITKEMPER, DT AF ALRASHDAN, A VELA, NP CARUSO, JA HEITKEMPER, DT TI LEAD SPECIATION BY GRADIENT HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRIC DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE LEAD SPECIATION; GRADIENT HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY; TETRAETHYL LEAD; TRIETHYLLEAD ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; IONIC ALKYLLEAD COMPOUNDS; TETRAALKYLLEAD; TRIALKYLLEAD; DIALKYLLEAD; EXTRACTION; SEDIMENT; WATER AB Speciation of inorganic lead (Pb(II)), triethyllead chloride (TEL), triphenyllead chloride (TPhL) and tetraethyllead (TTEL) was investigated using gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Ion-pair reversed-phase chromatography was used. The detection limits were 0.37, 0.14, 0.17 and 3.9 ng of Pb for Pb(II), TEL, TPhL and TTEL, respectively. The reproducibility of peak height measurements ranged from 3.1 to 4.2% (relative standard deviation). The method was evaluated by analysing National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2715 Lead in Reference Fuel for tetraethyllead and a water Quality Control Sample from the Environmental Protection Agency for inorganic lead. Both the direct solution nebulization and HPLC-ICP-MS results compare favourably with reference values. The applicability of the method to other alkyllead compounds is discussed. C1 US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,CINCINNATI,OH 45202. RP ALRASHDAN, A (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT CHEM,CINCINNATI,OH 45221, USA. NR 16 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD APR PY 1992 VL 7 IS 3 BP 551 EP 555 DI 10.1039/ja9920700551 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA HU103 UT WOS:A1992HU10300013 ER PT J AU EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH AF EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH TI TIME-RESOLVED REFLECTIVITY OF ARF LASER-IRRADIATED POLYIMIDE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABLATION; POLYMERS AB The time-resolved reflectivity of ArF laser-irradiated polyimide has been investigated. Substantial attenuation of the trailing portion of the reflected laser pulse is observed, and the initiation of detectable pulse clipping coincides with the ablation threshold fluence. Examination of laser light scattered into small and moderate angles shows no evidence of significant ablation-plume scattering of the reflected beam. The time course of the recovery of the ultraviolet reflectivity of the irradiation site has also been studied using pump-probe techniques. These results indicate that for ablative fluences the ultraviolet reflectivity of the site does not return to its preablation value until nearly 1 ms after the incident pulse. The dynamic reflectivity is at least partially due to optical changes in the solid polymer. RP EDIGER, MN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,1901 CHAPMAN AVE,HFZ 134,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 1992 VL 71 IS 7 BP 3510 EP 3514 DI 10.1063/1.350905 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA HM704 UT WOS:A1992HM70400067 ER PT J AU COLLINS, TFX BLACK, TN WELSH, JJ BROWN, LH AF COLLINS, TFX BLACK, TN WELSH, JJ BROWN, LH TI STUDY OF THE TERATOGENIC POTENTIAL OF FD-AND-C RED NO-40 WHEN GIVEN IN DRINKING-WATER SO JOURNAL OF CLEAN TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE FD-AND-C RED NO-40; TERATOGENIC POTENTIAL; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY AB FD&C Red No. 40 in the drinking water at a level of 0, 0.2 0.4, or 0.7% was available ad libitum to female Osborne-Mendel rats throughout gestation. The treated females consumed 273.6, 545.7, and 939.3 mg FD&C Red No. 40 per kg body weight per day, respectively, for the three dose levels. The animals were sacrificed on gestation day 20. No fetal terata were seen. There were no dose-related changes in maternal findings, number of fetuses, fetal viability, or external or visceral variations. Skeletal development appeared similar to that of the control animals with the exception of the incidence of fetuses with reduced ossification of the hyoid, which was increased significantly at the 0.7% dose level. A dose-related increase occurred in the number of litters containing fetuses with at least two skeletal variations, but the numbers of litters with fetuses with al least one and at least three variations were not different from control values. RP COLLINS, TFX (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFF-162,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 SN 1052-1062 J9 J CLEAN TECHNOL ENV JI J. Clean Technol. Environ. Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1992 VL 2 IS 2 BP 101 EP 112 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA HX813 UT WOS:A1992HX81300003 ER PT J AU DHANWADA, KR VEERISETTY, V ZHU, F RAZZAQUE, A THOMPSON, KD JONES, C AF DHANWADA, KR VEERISETTY, V ZHU, F RAZZAQUE, A THOMPSON, KD JONES, C TI CHARACTERIZATION OF PRIMARY HUMAN FIBROBLASTS TRANSFORMED BY HUMAN PAPILLOMA-VIRUS TYPE-16 AND HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE-2 DNA-SEQUENCES SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; C-MYC ONCOGENE; CERVICAL-CARCINOMA; GENITAL CANCER; CELL-LINES; IMMORTALIZATION; GENES; RAS; FRAGMENTS; TUMORS AB Human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV-16) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) are human viruses implicated in the development of cancer, in particular cervical cancer. The ability of HSV-2 and HPV-16 to transform early passage human cells was examined in this report. For these studies, gingival fibroblasts were utilized. One gingival cell strain was derived from a normal individual (N-16). The second cell strain was derived from hyperplastic gingival tissue of an epileptic individual (R-30) treated with phenytoin, an antiseizure drug. A common side effect of phenytoin is the induction of gingival overgrowth. R-30 cells contained a stable chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 8 and 18 and expressed higher steady state levels of c-myc. HPV-16 DNA efficiently immortalized R-30 cells but not N-16 cells. R-30 cells cotransfected with HPV-16, and HSV-2 viral DNAs were more aneuploid than R-30 cells transfected with HPV-16 DNA alone. Additionally, R-30 cells cotransfected with both viral DNAs grew better in soft agar than R-30 cells transfected with HPV-16 DNA alone. HSV-2 DNA was detected in transformed cells by polymerase chain reaction. These results suggested R-30 cells were immortalized more efficiently by HPV-16 and further imply that HPV-16 and HSV-2 DNA fragments can cooperate during multistep transformation. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,CTR BIOTECHNOL,DEPT VET SCI,LINCOLN,NE 68583. LOYOLA UNIV,CHICAGO MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,JACKSON,MS 39216. US FDA,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20205. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA47872] NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA HARVEST HOUSE 62 LONDON ROAD, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 5AS SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 73 BP 791 EP 799 DI 10.1099/0022-1317-73-4-791 PN 4 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA HM861 UT WOS:A1992HM86100006 PM 1321874 ER PT J AU KROGSTAD, P MENDELMAN, PM MILLER, VL CLAUSEN, C ABBOTT, S WEAGANT, S WILSON, CL LEWIS, DB AF KROGSTAD, P MENDELMAN, PM MILLER, VL CLAUSEN, C ABBOTT, S WEAGANT, S WILSON, CL LEWIS, DB TI CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CUTANEOUS INFECTION WITH YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Note ID DISEASE; INVASIN; PROTEIN AB The clinical and microbiologic features of primary cutaneous infections by Yersinia enterocolitica are described in three children. Vesiculobullous lesions developed in two patients, and an intense granulation response followed incision and drainage. In the third child, cellulitis and abscess formation developed at the site of minor skin trauma. Y. enterocolitica isolates from the patients were extensively serologically, biochemically, and molecularly analyzed and compared with virulent Y. enterocolitica strains. The ability of the isolates to adhere to and invade eukaryotic cells was determined using in vitro assays; virulence was assessed by inoculation of suckling mice. The resulting data suggest that primary cutaneous infections by Y. enterocolitica involve strains that are as virulent as pathogenic gastrointestinal isolates. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PEDIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,MICROBIAL DIS LAB,BERKELEY,CA. CHILDRENS HOSP & MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,SEATTLE,WA. US FDA,BOTHELL,WA. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PEDIAT,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT FAMILY MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. CHILDRENS HOSP & MED CTR,DIV IMMUNOL,SEATTLE,WA. CHILDRENS HOSP & MED CTR,DIV LAB MED,SEATTLE,WA. OI Miller, Virginia/0000-0002-9522-1767 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-27342]; NICHD NIH HHS [T32HD07233] NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 1992 VL 165 IS 4 BP 740 EP 743 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA HJ642 UT WOS:A1992HJ64200023 PM 1552204 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, ED LAMBERT, L KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP PERSHING, LK AF WRIGHT, ED LAMBERT, L KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP PERSHING, LK TI DIFFERENTIAL CUTANEOUS UPTAKE AND CLINICAL EFFICACY OF ORAL VERSUS TOPICAL KETOCONAZOLE IN HUMANS WITH TINEA-PEDIS SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV UTAH,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 98 IS 4 BP 604 EP 604 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA HL846 UT WOS:A1992HL84600584 ER PT J AU PERSHING, LK CORLETT, J JORGENSEN, C KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP WRIGHT, ED AF PERSHING, LK CORLETT, J JORGENSEN, C KRUEGER, GG SHAH, VP WRIGHT, ED TI DISPARITY IN KETOCONAZOLE ACTIVITY INVITRO VERSUS TINEA-PEDIS SUBJECTS FOLLOWING ORAL AND TOPICAL ADMINISTRATION SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV UTAH,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. US FDA,DEPT BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 98 IS 4 BP 651 EP 651 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA HL846 UT WOS:A1992HL84600868 ER PT J AU BOWYER, JF NEWPORT, GD LIPE, GW FRAME, LT AF BOWYER, JF NEWPORT, GD LIPE, GW FRAME, LT TI A FURTHER EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF K+ DEPOLARIZATION ON GLUTAMATE-EVOKED [H-3] DOPAMINE RELEASE FROM STRIATAL SLICES SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID PHENCYCLIDINE-LIKE DRUGS; METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; RAT STRIATUM; AMINO-ACIDS; RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; STIMULATED RELEASE; DOPAMINE; BRAIN; INHIBITION; INVITRO AB Exogenous glutamate will evoke dopamine (DA) release from striatal slices in vitro. To further characterize glutamate-evoked DA release from striatal slices, experiments were designed to: 1) determine if sufficient endogenous glutamate can be released in vitro to presynaptically mediate [H-3]DA release in the absence of Mg++ and 2) reevaluate how K+ depolarization affects glutamate-evoked [H-3]DA release. Removal of Mg++ to potentiate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated DA release increased 15 mM K+-evoked [H-3]DA release to about 200% of control. The potentiation of this release was probably not mediated by NMDA receptors because it was not blocked by the glutamate receptor antagonists MK-801, 6,7-dinitroquinoxalinedione (DNQX) or kynurenate. Furthermore, the removal of Mg++ increased DA release substantially (200%) in the presence of 5-mu-M sulpiride and 10-mu-M nomifensine, indicating that DA reuptake and DA D2 autoreceptors are not primarily responsible for increased DA release. In the absence of Mg++, depolarization produced by 20 mM or greater [K+] inhibited DA released by exogenous glutamate, whereas a much higher [K+] was necessary to evoke endogenous glutamate release. In the presence of 1.5 mM Mg++, a reduction of the "Mg++ blockade" of NMDA receptors by 15 mM K+ depolarization during glutamate-evoked DA release was evaluated with and without the DA reuptake inhibitor nomifensine and the DA D2 antagonist sulpiride. DA released by K+ depolarization (Mg++ present) was markedly increased by 1 mM glutamate, but this effect was only partially reversed by kynurenate or high concentrations of either MK-801 (25-mu-M) or DNQX (100-mu-M). Glutamate produced less of an increase in release with nomifensine and sulpiride present, but the potentiation was blocked by MK-801, DNQX or kynurenate. Results of these experiments indicate: 1) the release of endogenous glutamate by K+ depolarization may not produce additional DA release through stimulation of NMDA receptors because the [K+] necessary to evoke a significant glutamate release also blocks NMDA receptor-mediated DA release, and 2) NMDA receptor-mediated potentiation of DA release (Mg++ present) can be observed with DA D2 and DA reuptake antagonists present, although it is somewhat diminished. RP BOWYER, JF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV NEUROTOXICOL, HFT-132, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD APR PY 1992 VL 261 IS 1 BP 72 EP 80 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HN733 UT WOS:A1992HN73300010 PM 1348539 ER PT J AU JOLSON, HM BOSCO, L BUFTON, MG GERSTMAN, BB RINSLER, SS WILLIAMS, E FLYNN, B SIMMONS, WD STADEL, BV FAICH, GA PECK, C AF JOLSON, HM BOSCO, L BUFTON, MG GERSTMAN, BB RINSLER, SS WILLIAMS, E FLYNN, B SIMMONS, WD STADEL, BV FAICH, GA PECK, C TI CLUSTERING OF ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS - ANALYSIS OF RISK-FACTORS FOR CEREBELLAR TOXICITY WITH HIGH-DOSE CYTARABINE SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM TOXICITY; CYTOSINE-ARABINOSIDE; NEUROTOXICITY AB Background: Cerebellar toxicity is a severe, therapy-limiting adverse reaction of cytarabine given in high doses. The Food and Drug Administration received a report of an increased frequency of cerebellar toxicity at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics after a switch from the product (Cytosar-U) manufactured by The Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, Mich., to the generic form made by Quad Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Indianapolis, Ind. Purpose: To compare the incidence of cerebellar toxicity in Quad-treated patients with Upjohn-treated patients, a record-based cohort study was conducted at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics between January 1986 and August 1989. Methods: The incidence of cerebellar toxicity was studied in 63 leukemia patients according to the manufacturer of the product received (34 Upjohn only, 25 Quad only, and four both manufacturers). The relative risk of cerebellar toxicity was adjusted for other known risk factors. Results: Patients in the manufacturer-defined treatment groups did not differ significantly with respect to age, sex, type of leukemia, disease stage, calculated creatinine clearance, presence of abnormal liver function tests, or total dose received. The crude relative risk of cerebellar toxicity comparing the Quad product with the Upjohn product was 5.0 (95% confidence interval = 1.8-13.7). Adjustment for potential confounders did not alter the association. Other risk factors for cerebellar toxicity, independent of manufacturer, were age greater than 50 years, type of leukemia, disease stage, total dose greater than or equal to 20 g/m2, abnormal pretreatment liver function, and reduced creatinine clearance. Conclusion: This study found a significantly higher incidence of cerebellar toxicity with high-dose cytarabine manufactured by Quad Pharmaceuticals when compared with the incidence of cerebellar toxicity with the Upjohn product. Further research at independent institutions would be necessary to allow generalization of this finding. In addition, our findings suggest that a dose reduction in high-dose cytarabine therapy may be indicated for patients with reduced glomerular filtration rates. C1 SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT HLTH SCI,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,MADISON,WI. RP JOLSON, HM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD APR 1 PY 1992 VL 84 IS 7 BP 500 EP 505 DI 10.1093/jnci/84.7.500 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HM284 UT WOS:A1992HM28400016 PM 1545440 ER PT J AU VANDERVEEN, J FRATTALI, V AF VANDERVEEN, J FRATTALI, V TI POINT-COUNTERPOINT - THE NEW REFERENCE DAILY INTAKES - FOR BETTER OR FOR WORSE - COUNTERPOINT SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material RP VANDERVEEN, J (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20025, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT LIFE SCIENCES INST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST SUBSCRIPTION OFFICE, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0029-6643 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD APR PY 1992 VL 50 IS 4 BP 122 EP 124 PN 1 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA HP325 UT WOS:A1992HP32500009 ER PT J AU MIWA, LJ JOLSON, HM AF MIWA, LJ JOLSON, HM TI PROPAFENONE ASSOCIATED AGRANULOCYTOSIS SO PACE-PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PROPAFENONE; AGRANULOCYTOSIS; CASE-REPORT; POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE; ADVERSE DRUG REACTION AB Propafenone hydrochloride was approved for marketing by the United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 1989. During U.S. clinical trials of propafenone, one case of agranulocytosis was seen. Seven additional cases have been reported outside the U.S. One German report of profound but reversible granulocytopenia appeared in 1982. In January 1991, the FDA reviewed adverse events reported with propafenone. Four reports of agranulocytosis were identified and are described. The reporting rate of approximately one case of agranulocytosis per 10,000 propafenone prescriptions per year likely underestimates the true incidence of this adverse event. RP MIWA, LJ (reprint author), US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU FUTURA PUBL CO PI ARMONK PA 135 BEDFORD RD, PO BOX 418, ARMONK, NY 10504-0418 SN 0147-8389 J9 PACE JI PACE-Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 15 IS 4 BP 387 EP 390 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1992.tb05133.x PN 1 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Engineering, Biomedical SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Engineering GA HN127 UT WOS:A1992HN12700007 PM 1374882 ER PT J AU SIMONSMORTON, DG MULLEN, PD MAINS, DA TABAK, ER GREEN, LW AF SIMONSMORTON, DG MULLEN, PD MAINS, DA TABAK, ER GREEN, LW TI CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTROLLED-STUDIES OF PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING FOR PREVENTIVE HEALTH BEHAVIORS SO PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING LA English DT Article DE HEALTH BEHAVIORS; PREVENTION; CLINICAL PREVENTIVE SERVICES ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION; SMOKING CESSATION; GENERAL-PRACTICE; CLINICAL-TRIAL; PRIMARY CARE; INTERVENTION; OBESITY; ADVICE; PROGRAM AB To determine characteristics of controlled studies (quasi-experimental and randomized) of clinical patient education/counseling for behavior change to prevent disease, we conducted an extensive literature review of published and unpublished studies from 1971 to 1989. Sixty-four studies with 101 intervention groups met specific criteria for relevance and scientific acceptability. We examine these studies in terms of prevention area, subject source, intervention characteristics, and use of educational principles. Findings reveal many controlled clinical studies in smoking cessation, nutrition, and weight control but sparcity in other areas (injury prevention, exercise, stress, drug and alcohol misuse, STD prevention); an emphasis on communication by a single clinical practitioner; and varied use of educational principles. We recommend adhering to educational principles to enhance likelihood of success. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SCH PUBL HLTH,CTR HLTH PROMOT RES & DEV,HOUSTON,TX 77025. OAK CLIFF MUNICIPAL CTR,COMMUNITY HLTH SERV,DALLAS,TX. US FDA,DRUG LABELING EDUC & RES BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,INST HLTH PROMOT RES,VANCOUVER V6T 1W5,BC,CANADA. RP SIMONSMORTON, DG (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT COMMUNITY MED,ONE BAYLOR PL,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS05959-01] NR 72 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0738-3991 J9 PATIENT EDUC COUNS JI Patient Educ. Couns. PD APR PY 1992 VL 19 IS 2 BP 175 EP 204 DI 10.1016/0738-3991(92)90196-P PG 30 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA HM767 UT WOS:A1992HM76700006 PM 1299821 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S ALBERT, KS BOLTON, S COOK, CE DIGHE, S DOBRINSKA, M DOUB, W EICHELBAUM, M FINDLAY, JWA GALLICANO, K GARLAND, W HARDY, DJ HULSE, JD KARNES, HT MCDOWALL, RD LANGE, R LAYLOFF, T MASON, WD MCKAY, G MCGILVERAY, IJ MIDHA, KK ORMSBY, E OVERPECK, J PITTMAN, KA PLATTENBERG, HD SHAH, VP SHIU, G SITAR, D SKELLY, JP SORGEL, F SPECTOR, S STEWART, JT VISWANATHAN, CT YACOBI, A YUH, L AF SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S ALBERT, KS BOLTON, S COOK, CE DIGHE, S DOBRINSKA, M DOUB, W EICHELBAUM, M FINDLAY, JWA GALLICANO, K GARLAND, W HARDY, DJ HULSE, JD KARNES, HT MCDOWALL, RD LANGE, R LAYLOFF, T MASON, WD MCKAY, G MCGILVERAY, IJ MIDHA, KK ORMSBY, E OVERPECK, J PITTMAN, KA PLATTENBERG, HD SHAH, VP SHIU, G SITAR, D SKELLY, JP SORGEL, F SPECTOR, S STEWART, JT VISWANATHAN, CT YACOBI, A YUH, L TI ANALYTICAL METHODS VALIDATION - BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,COLL PHARM,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. BUR DRUG RES,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,OTTAWA KIA OL2,ONTARIO,CANADA. FOREST LABS INC,NEW YORK,NY 10155. DR MARGARETE FISCHER BOSCH INST CLIN PHARMACOL,STUTTGART,GERMANY. HOFFMANN M LA ROCHE INC,NUTLEY,NJ 07013. HARRIS LABS INC,LINCOLN,NE 68502. GLAXO INC,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. UNIV MISSOURI,KANSAS CITY,MO 64220. LAB GMBH & CO,NEN ULMR,GERMANY. INST BIOMED & PHARMACEUT RES,NURNBERG,GERMANY. WARNER LAMBERT PARKE DAVIS CO,ANN ARBOR,MI 48106. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. AMER CYANAMID CO,LEDERLE LABS,PEARL RIVER,NY 10965. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,ST LOUIS,MO 63101. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,W POINT,PA 19486. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,RICHMOND,VA 23298. UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. WELLCOME RES LABS,BECKENHAM BR3 3BS,KENT,ENGLAND. BRISTOL MYERS CO LABS,PHARMACEUT RES INST,SYRACUSE,NY 13221. ST JOHNS UNIV,JAMAICA,NY 11439. BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO,WELLCOME RES LABS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. UNIV MANITOBA,WINNIPEG R3E 0W3,MANITOBA,CANADA. NR 0 TC 404 Z9 414 U1 1 U2 18 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD APR PY 1992 VL 9 IS 4 BP 588 EP 592 DI 10.1023/A:1015829422034 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA HM776 UT WOS:A1992HM77600025 ER PT J AU MILLER, SA JAMES, RH SYKES, SM BEER, JZ AF MILLER, SA JAMES, RH SYKES, SM BEER, JZ TI PHOTOAGING EFFECTS ON SPECTRAL TRANSMITTANCE OF PLASTIC FILTERS SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Note AB We examined the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in combination with high levels of infrared (IR) radiation on the spectral transmittance of plastic filters. The biological action spectrum for damage to the human eye and skin changes dramatically in the 300-400 nm wavelength range. Cut-off filters used in this region to shape the spectrum of exposure sources are thus critical to the design of experiments which use broadband light sources. The changes in transmittance of three types of plastic filters were observed over an exposure period of 1000 h. One set of three filters was exposed mainly to UV radiation, while the other set was exposed to UV radiation plus IR radiation. Filters exposed to both UV and IR radiation showed spectral changes in their transmittance, while the filters exposed to UV only showed no measurable changes. RP MILLER, SA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 55 IS 4 BP 625 EP 628 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb04286.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA HK374 UT WOS:A1992HK37400021 PM 1620733 ER PT J AU OTANI, H SIEGEL, JP ERDOS, M GNARRA, JR TOLEDANO, MB SHARON, M MOSTOWSKI, H FEINBERG, MB PIERCE, JH LEONARD, WJ AF OTANI, H SIEGEL, JP ERDOS, M GNARRA, JR TOLEDANO, MB SHARON, M MOSTOWSKI, H FEINBERG, MB PIERCE, JH LEONARD, WJ TI INTERLEUKIN (IL)-2 AND IL-3 INDUCE DISTINCT BUT OVERLAPPING RESPONSES IN MURINE IL-3-DEPENDENT 32D CELLS TRANSDUCED WITH HUMAN IL-2 RECEPTOR BETA-CHAIN - INVOLVEMENT OF TYROSINE KINASE(S) OTHER THAN P56(LCK) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; T-CELLS; GENE; PHOSPHORYLATION; EXPRESSION; INTERNALIZATION; CDNA AB We have established IL-3-dependent 32D myeloid progenitor cells stably expressing the human IL-2 receptor beta-chain (IL-2R-beta). Whereas parental 32D cells proliferated only in response to IL-3, the transduced cells also proliferated in response to IL-2. Transduced cells expressed high- and intermediate-affinity IL-2Rs, resulting from expression of human IL-2R-beta and murine IL-2R alpha-chain (IL-2R-alpha). IL-2 induced phenotypic changes not induced by IL-3, including the upregulated expression of endogenous murine IL-2R-alpha and IL-2R-beta and an increase in cell size. Therefore, the transduced IL-2R-beta was not merely coupling with the IL-3 signaling pathway. IL-3 augmented several IL-2-induced responses including the up-regulation of IL-2R-alpha. Both IL-2- and IL-3-induced proliferation and IL-2 induced IL-2R-alpha expression were inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A. Thus, both IL-2- and IL-3-mediated effects required tyrosine kinase activity. The identity of the tyrosine kinase(s) mediating the IL-2 signals in these cells is not known but cannot be p56lck, a tyrosine kinase found in T cells, since 32D-IL-2R-beta cells do not express p56lck. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WHITEHEAD INST BIOMED RES,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02142. NHLBI,INTRAMURAL RES PROGRAM,OFF DIRECTOR,PULM & MOLEC IMMUNOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP OTANI, H (reprint author), NICHHD,CELL BIOL & METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 45 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 7 BP 2789 EP 2793 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.7.2789 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HL816 UT WOS:A1992HL81600058 PM 1557384 ER PT J AU HANSEN, DK BRANHAM, WS SHEEHAN, DM HOLSON, RR AF HANSEN, DK BRANHAM, WS SHEEHAN, DM HOLSON, RR TI EMBRYOTOXICITY OF PHENYTOIN IN ADRENALECTOMIZED CD-1 MICE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS; CLEFT-PALATE; COMPARATIVE TERATOGENICITY; PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHETASE; A/J MICE; DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN; BIOACTIVATION; ACID AB It has been proposed that the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin (PHT) and glucocorticoids induce orofacial clefting by the same mechanism. Previous work had demonstrated that PHT treatment significantly increased endogenous maternal corticosterone concentrations for approximately 48 hr after dosing in A/J mice. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether PHT is embryotoxic in the absence of endogenous maternal glucocorticoids. Maternal adrenal glands were removed on Day 7 of gestation, and the incidence of clefting after PHT treatment was determined. There was a high level of maternal toxicity following adrenalectomy (ADX) and PHT treatment at either 60 or 75 mg/kg. This increased toxicity did not appear to be due to altered maternal drug levels in ADX mice. There was a significant increase in the clefting incidence among offspring of ADX dams treated with PHT at 60 mg/kg. This dose of PHT did not elevate maternal corticosterone levels in ADX dams. These data suggest that PHT is capable of producing clefts in the absence of endogenous maternal corticosterone. RP HANSEN, DK (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU PHS HHS [224-89-0008] NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD APR PY 1992 VL 199 IS 4 BP 501 EP 508 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA HJ858 UT WOS:A1992HJ85800018 PM 1549630 ER PT J AU GAYLOR, DW AF GAYLOR, DW TI INCIDENCE OF DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS AT THE NO OBSERVED ADVERSE EFFECT LEVEL (NOAEL) SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS RP GAYLOR, DW (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 6 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 15 IS 2 BP 151 EP 160 DI 10.1016/0273-2300(92)90046-C PN 1 PG 10 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HT560 UT WOS:A1992HT56000004 PM 1626066 ER PT J AU GOERING, PL FISHER, BR CHAUDHARY, PP DICK, CA AF GOERING, PL FISHER, BR CHAUDHARY, PP DICK, CA TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS PROTEIN INDUCTION IN RAT-KIDNEY BY MERCURIC-CHLORIDE AND NEPHROTOXICITY SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; SODIUM ARSENITE; MESSENGER-RNAS; INJURY; HEPATOCYTES; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; MARKERS; BINDING; METALS RP GOERING, PL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV LIFE SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 49 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 113 IS 2 BP 184 EP 191 DI 10.1016/0041-008X(92)90113-7 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HP304 UT WOS:A1992HP30400002 PM 1561627 ER PT J AU LIU, DTY AF LIU, DTY TI GLYCOPROTEIN PHARMACEUTICALS - SCIENTIFIC AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS, AND THE UNITED-STATES ORPHAN DRUG-ACT SO TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPARAGINE-LINKED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; GLYCOSYLATION; ERYTHROPOIETIN; CLEARANCE RP LIU, DTY (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 29 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0167-7799 J9 TRENDS BIOTECHNOL JI Trends Biotechnol. PD APR PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1016/0167-7799(92)90192-X PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA HQ057 UT WOS:A1992HQ05700005 PM 1368096 ER PT J AU ATHEY, TW AF ATHEY, TW TI CURRENT FDA GUIDANCE FOR MR PATIENT EXPOSURE AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE FUTURE SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VARYING MAGNETIC-FIELDS; NEUROELECTRIC MODEL; THRESHOLDS; STIMULATION; SAFETY RP ATHEY, TW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 58 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD MAR 31 PY 1992 VL 649 BP 242 EP 257 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49613.x PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM217 UT WOS:A1992JM21700019 PM 1580497 ER PT J AU CZERSKA, E CASAMENTO, J NING, J SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E AF CZERSKA, E CASAMENTO, J NING, J SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E TI COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF ELF ON C-MYC ONCOGENE EXPRESSION IN NORMAL AND TRANSFORMED HUMAN-CELLS SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLL PK,MD 20742. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MICROWAVE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP CZERSKA, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD MAR 31 PY 1992 VL 649 BP 340 EP 342 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49624.x PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM217 UT WOS:A1992JM21700027 PM 1580505 ER PT J AU NING, J CASAMENTO, J CZERSKA, E SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E AF NING, J CASAMENTO, J CZERSKA, E SWICORD, M ALBARAZI, H DAVIS, C ELSON, E TI COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF ELF ON TOTAL RNA-CONTENT IN NORMAL AND TRANSFORMED HUMAN-CELLS SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLL PK,MD 20742. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MICROWAVE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. RP NING, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD MAR 31 PY 1992 VL 649 BP 353 EP 355 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb49628.x PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JM217 UT WOS:A1992JM21700031 PM 1374596 ER PT J AU BEAUCAGE, SL IYER, RP AF BEAUCAGE, SL IYER, RP TI ADVANCES IN THE SYNTHESIS OF OLIGONUCLEOTIDES BY THE PHOSPHORAMIDITE APPROACH SO TETRAHEDRON LA English DT Review ID SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; TRANSFER RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; PHOSPHITE-TRIESTER APPROACH; SILYL PROTECTING GROUPS; RAPID OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS; TERT-BUTYLDIMETHYLSILYL GROUP; NUCLEOSIDE H-PHOSPHONATES; POLYMER SUPPORT SYNTHESIS; HETEROAROMATIC LACTAM SYSTEMS; FORMYLMETHIONINE TRANSFER-RNA RP BEAUCAGE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 633 TC 533 Z9 536 U1 11 U2 107 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4020 J9 TETRAHEDRON JI Tetrahedron PD MAR 20 PY 1992 VL 48 IS 12 BP 2223 EP 2311 DI 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)88752-4 PG 89 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA HJ785 UT WOS:A1992HJ78500001 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI AF MILLER, HI TI DRUG APPROVALS SO NATURE LA English DT Letter RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20837, USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 19 PY 1992 VL 356 IS 6366 BP 189 EP 189 DI 10.1038/356189a0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HJ944 UT WOS:A1992HJ94400022 PM 1552935 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI ACTION AGAINST ILLEGALLY PROMOTED, FOREIGN-MANUFACTURED, UNAPPROVED PRESCRIPTION DRUGS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 18 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 11 BP 1442 EP 1442 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HH488 UT WOS:A1992HH48800003 PM 1538524 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI WARNING ABOUT USE OF PROTECTIVE RESTRAINT DEVICES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 18 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 11 BP 1442 EP 1442 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HH488 UT WOS:A1992HH48800004 PM 1538524 ER PT J AU DOOLEY, KL VONTUNGELN, LS BUCCI, T FU, PP KADLUBAR, FF AF DOOLEY, KL VONTUNGELN, LS BUCCI, T FU, PP KADLUBAR, FF TI COMPARATIVE CARCINOGENICITY OF 4-AMINOBIPHENYL AND THE FOOD PYROLYSATES, GLU-P-1, IQ, PHIP, AND MEIQX IN THE NEONATAL B6C3F1 MALE-MOUSE SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE LIVER TUMORS; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; GLU-P-1; IQ; MEIQX; PHIP; 4-AMINOBIPHENYL; NEONATAL MOUSE ID INDUCTION; TUMORS AB The tumorigenic activities of four representative heterocyclic amine food pyrolysates, 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), were assessed in the neonatal male B6C3F1 mouse and were compared with that of the potent human carcinogen, 4-amino-biphenyl (4-ABP). These aromatic amines were administered by i.p. injection at two dose levels on days 1, 8, and 15 after birth; and the incidence of tumors was examined at 8 and 12 months. Glu-P-1, IQ, PhIP, MeIQx, and 4-ABP each induced a significant incidence of hepatic adenomas, as compared to the solvent-treated (DMSO) control. Hepatocellular carcinomas were also observed with 4-ABP, SO, and MeIQx. Overall tumorigenicity was in the order: 4-ABP > Glu-P-1 > IQ approximately PhIP > MeIQx > DMSO. In the neonatal B6C3F1 mouse, these heterocyclic aromatic amines showed potent tumorigenicity after 8 and 12 months at total doses that were 5-10 000-fold less than those employed in standard chronic bioassays. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,HFT-100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 9 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD MAR 15 PY 1992 VL 62 IS 3 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1016/0304-3835(92)90097-F PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA HL092 UT WOS:A1992HL09200004 PM 1596864 ER PT J AU LACEY, C TALBOT, R TAYLOR, J DWYER, D JOLBITADO, B MORRISON, C BUTLERSENKEL, E STRAUSS, S MURPHYBAXAM, D LIBONATI, J ISRAEL, E RIDLEY, N SMITH, M ZINGESER, J MILLER, G UNGCHUSAK, K AF LACEY, C TALBOT, R TAYLOR, J DWYER, D JOLBITADO, B MORRISON, C BUTLERSENKEL, E STRAUSS, S MURPHYBAXAM, D LIBONATI, J ISRAEL, E RIDLEY, N SMITH, M ZINGESER, J MILLER, G UNGCHUSAK, K TI CHOLERA ASSOCIATED WITH IMPORTED COCONUT MILK (REPRINTED FROM MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT, VOL 40, PG 844-845, 1991) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 MARYLAND DEPT HLTH & MENTAL HYG,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. MASSACHUSETTS DEPT PUBL HLTH,BOSTON,MA 02130. NEW HAMPSHIRE DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,CONCORD,NH. VERMONT DEPT HLTH,BURLINGTON,VT. VIRGINIA DEPT HLTH,RICHMOND,VA. THAI MINIST PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD. US FDA,DIV EMERGENCY & EPIDEMIOL OPERAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,ENTER DIS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 11 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 10 BP 1320 EP & PG 0 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HG678 UT WOS:A1992HG67800006 ER PT J AU DEPAOLA, A CAPERS, GM MOTES, ML OLSVIK, O FIELDS, PI WELLS, J WACHSMUTH, IK CEBULA, TA KOCH, WH KHAMBATY, F KOTHARY, MH PAYNE, WL WENTZ, BA AF DEPAOLA, A CAPERS, GM MOTES, ML OLSVIK, O FIELDS, PI WELLS, J WACHSMUTH, IK CEBULA, TA KOCH, WH KHAMBATY, F KOTHARY, MH PAYNE, WL WENTZ, BA TI ISOLATION OF LATIN-AMERICAN EPIDEMIC STRAIN OF VIBRIO-CHOLERAE-O1 FROM UNITED-STATES GULF-COAST SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,ENTER DIS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP DEPAOLA, A (reprint author), US FDA,OFF SEAFOOD,DIV SEAFOOD RES,BIOL HAZARDS BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 3 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 7 PY 1992 VL 339 IS 8793 BP 624 EP 624 DI 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90917-R PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HH075 UT WOS:A1992HH07500055 PM 1347133 ER PT J AU MCCARTHY, SA MCPHEARSON, RM GUARINO, AM GAINES, JL AF MCCARTHY, SA MCPHEARSON, RM GUARINO, AM GAINES, JL TI TOXIGENIC VIBRIO-CHOLERAE-O1 AND CARGO-SHIPS ENTERING GULF OF MEXICO SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 US FDA,OFF SEAFOOD,DIV SEAFOOD PROGRAMS,NE TECH SERV UNIT,SHELLFISH SANITAT BRANCH,N KINGSTOWN,RI. RP MCCARTHY, SA (reprint author), US FDA,OFF SEAFOOD,DIV SEAFOOD RES,BIOL HAZARDS BRANCH,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 3 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 4 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 7 PY 1992 VL 339 IS 8793 BP 624 EP 625 DI 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90918-S PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HH075 UT WOS:A1992HH07500056 PM 1347134 ER PT J AU DIMITROV, DS HILLMAN, K MANISCHEWITZ, J BLUMENTHAL, R GOLDING, H AF DIMITROV, DS HILLMAN, K MANISCHEWITZ, J BLUMENTHAL, R GOLDING, H TI CORRELATION BETWEEN KINETICS OF SOLUBLE CD4 INTERACTIONS WITH HIV-1-ENV-EXPRESSING CELLS AND INHIBITION OF SYNCYTIA FORMATION - IMPLICATIONS FOR MECHANISMS OF CELL-FUSION AND THERAPY FOR AIDS SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE SCD4 BINDING; GP120 SHEDDING; SYNCYTIA INHIBITION; SCD4 TREATMENT OF AIDS; MEMBRANE FUSION ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; INFECTION; HIV-1; GP120; DISSOCIATION; MOLECULES; INVITRO; COMPLEX; TYPE-1 AB Objectives: To study the kinetics of the interactions between soluble (s) CD4 and HIV-1-Env-expressing cells in relation to subsequent events leading to cell fusion and inhibition of syncytia formation. Design: Vaccinia-HIV-1 (Env)-infected CD4- T-cells were used to study the kinetics of sCD4-gp120/41 interactions and syncytia formation (with CD4+ T-cells) under identical conditions. Methods: sCD4 association and dissociation rates for HIV-1-Env-expressing cells, and quantification of sCD4-induced gp120 shedding was determined by a quantitative flow cytometry assay. Syncytia inhibition was measured in the continuous presence of sCD4, or after washing of HIV-1-Env-expressing cells following pre-incubation with sCD4. Results: The kinetics of syncytia inhibition correlated with sCD4 binding when sCD4 was maintained during the culture. When Env-expressing cells, which had been pre-incubated with sCD4, were washed to remove unbound sCD4, no syncytia formation inhibition was observed, even following sCD4-induced shedding of > 50% of surface gp120 molecules. Conclusions: The lack of syncytia inhibition seen after removal of unbound sCD4, even after pre-incubation of cells under saturation and gp120 shedding conditions, indicated that sufficient numbers of fusogenic molecules remained on the sCD4-treated cells. In addition, fast dissociation of pre-bound sCD4 occurred in culture. These results are important for understanding HIV-1-Env-mediated cell fusion and AIDS therapy. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAR PY 1992 VL 6 IS 3 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1097/00002030-199203000-00023 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA HM325 UT WOS:A1992HM32500001 PM 1348943 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH BAGLEY, GP AF RHEINSTEIN, PH BAGLEY, GP TI FOOD LABELING REFORMS FOR 1992 SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR PY 1992 VL 45 IS 3 BP 1349 EP 1353 PG 5 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HH556 UT WOS:A1992HH55600028 PM 1543114 ER PT J AU KACZMAREK, RG MOORE, RM MCCROHAN, J GOLDMANN, DA REYNOLDS, C CAQUELIN, C ISRAEL, E AF KACZMAREK, RG MOORE, RM MCCROHAN, J GOLDMANN, DA REYNOLDS, C CAQUELIN, C ISRAEL, E TI MULTISTATE INVESTIGATION OF THE ACTUAL DISINFECTION STERILIZATION OF ENDOSCOPES IN HEALTH-CARE FACILITIES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSION; VIRUS AB PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to observe and assess the actual disinfection or sterilization of endoscopes in health care facilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 22 hospitals and four ambulatory care centers in three states were studied. Facility protocols were reviewed, interviews conducted with relevant personnel, actual disinfection or sterilization procedures observed, and biologic tests performed to determine and assess disinfection/sterilization procedures. RESULTS: Fundamental errors observed during the course of the investigation included respective failures to time the perod of disinfection, to clean all channels, to flush all channels with disinfectant, to fully immerse the endoscope in the disinfectant solution, and to use a disinfectant. At 78% of the facilities, failure to sterilize all biopsy forceps was observed. A total of 23.9% of the bacterial cultures from the internal channels of 71 gastrointestinal endoscopes grew 100,000 colonies or more of bacteria. These cultures were obtained after the completion of all disinfection/sterilization procedures and the device was deemed ready for use in the next patient. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that actual disinfection/sterilization procedures for endoscopes are not always optimal, and high-level disinfection of gastrointestinal endoscopes is not always achieved. C1 HARVARD UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. MASSACHUSETTS HLTH DEPT,BOSTON,MA. IOWA HLTH DEPT,DES MOINES,IA. MARYLAND HLTH DEPT,BALTIMORE,MD. RP KACZMAREK, RG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ-161,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 16 TC 101 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 92 IS 3 BP 257 EP 261 DI 10.1016/0002-9343(92)90074-L PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HH566 UT WOS:A1992HH56600006 PM 1546724 ER PT J AU BURKHARDT, W WATKINS, WD RIPPEY, SR AF BURKHARDT, W WATKINS, WD RIPPEY, SR TI SEASONAL EFFECTS ON ACCUMULATION OF MICROBIAL INDICATOR ORGANISMS BY MERCENARIA-MERCENARIA SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MARINE WATERS; CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; HUMAN ENTEROVIRUSES; CHLORINE RESIDUALS; NORWALK VIRUS; INACTIVATION; ENUMERATION; BACTERIA; ELIMINATION AB The ability of hard-shelled clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) to accumulate fecal coliforms and other microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and male-specific bacteriophages) was determined over a 1-year period. Twenty separate trials were conducted during different seasons to encompass a wide range of water temperatures. The greatest accumulation of microorganisms in hard-shelled clams occurred during certain periods in the spring, at temperatures ranging from 11.5 to 21.5-degrees-C. These periods of hyperaccumulation did not always coincide for all organisms; the accumulation of bacteriophages was not predicted by the accumulation of either fecal coliforms or C. perfringens. Bacteriophages and C. perfringens showed significantly higher rates of accumulation than either the fecal coliform group or E. coli, especially during the spring. The higher incidence of human viral gastroenteritis associated with the consumption of shellfish during this period may be a result of the extraordinary concentration of certain microorganisms, including enteric viral pathogens. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT MICROBIOL,KINGSTON,RI 02881. RP BURKHARDT, W (reprint author), US FDA,NE TECH SERV,N KINGSTOWN,RI 02852, USA. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 58 IS 3 BP 826 EP 831 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HH284 UT WOS:A1992HH28400008 PM 1575484 ER PT J AU POTHULURI, JV HEFLICH, RH FU, PP CERNIGLIA, CE AF POTHULURI, JV HEFLICH, RH FU, PP CERNIGLIA, CE TI FUNGAL METABOLISM AND DETOXIFICATION OF FLUORANTHENE SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC HYDROCARBON 1-NITROPYRENE; CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS; MUTAGENIC METABOLITES; BENZOPYRENE; OXIDATION AB Five metabolites produced by Cunninghamella elegans from fluoranthene (FA) in biotransformation studies were investigated for mutagenic activity towards Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA104. Whereas FA displayed positive, dose-related mutagenic responses in both tester strains in the presence of a rat liver homogenate fraction, 3-FA-beta-glucopyranoside, 3-(8-hydroxy-FA)-beta-glucopyranoside, FA trans-2,3-dihydrodiol, and 8-hydroxy-FA trans-2,3-dihydrodiol were negative. 9-Hydroxy-FA trans-2,3-dihydrodiol showed a weak positive response in S. typhimurium TA100. Mutagenicity assays performed with samples extracted at 24-h intervals during incubation of C. elegans with FA for 120 h showed that mutagenic activity decreased with time. Comparative studies with rat liver microsomes indicated that FA trans-2,3-dihydrodiol, the previously identified proximal mutagenic metabolite of FA, was the major metabolite. The circular dichroism spectrum of the rat liver microsomal FA trans-2,3-dihydrodiol indicated that it was optically active. In contrast, the circular dichroism spectrum of the fungal FA trans-2,3-dihydrodiol showed no optical activity. These results indicate that C. elegans has the potential to detoxify FA and that the stereochemistry of its trans-2,3-dihydrodiol metabolite reduces its mutagenic potential. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 23 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 58 IS 3 BP 937 EP 941 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA HH284 UT WOS:A1992HH28400026 PM 1575497 ER PT J AU GRASELA, TH DREIS, MW AF GRASELA, TH DREIS, MW TI AN EVALUATION OF THE QUINOLONE-THEOPHYLLINE INTERACTION USING THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION SPONTANEOUS REPORTING SYSTEM SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR; INDUCED SEIZURES; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; STEADY-STATE; CIPROFLOXACIN; PHARMACOKINETICS; NORFLOXACIN; TOXICITY; METABOLISM; ENOXACIN AB A review of the Food and Drug Administration's spontaneous reporting system identified 48 reports of adverse events in patients who received concomitant therapy with ciprofloxacin (n = 39) or norfloxacin (n = 9) and theophylline. The mean (SD) age of these cases was 68.4 (1 8.5) years; 25 patients (52%) were female. The mean percent change in theophylline concentrations was 114%, with a range of 32% to 308% following the addition of a quinolone to the patient's theophylline regimen. Fourteen (36%) of the 39 patients receiving ciprofloxacin and three (33%) of the nine patients receiving norfloxacin experienced a seizure. The accumulated evidence suggests that extreme caution should be used when quinolones are prescribed in conjunction with theophylline, particularly in elderly patients. Further research is required to identify risk factors that will more specifically predict the magnitude of the interaction. C1 US FDA,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,DATA PROC SECT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP GRASELA, TH (reprint author), SUNY BUFFALO,SCH PHARM,CTR PHARMACOEPIDEMIOL RES,319 COOKE HALL,BUFFALO,NY 14260, USA. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 152 IS 3 BP 617 EP 621 DI 10.1001/archinte.152.3.617 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA HH858 UT WOS:A1992HH85800023 PM 1312320 ER PT J AU SZABO, G PINE, PS WEAVER, JL KASARI, M ASZALOS, A AF SZABO, G PINE, PS WEAVER, JL KASARI, M ASZALOS, A TI EPITOPE MAPPING BY PHOTOBLEACHING FLUORESCENCE RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER MEASUREMENTS USING A LASER SCANNING MICROSCOPE SYSTEM SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EFFICIENCY; EMISSION; MOLECULE AB The donor photobleaching method (T. M. Jovin and D. J. Arndt-Jovin. 1989. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biophys. Chem. 18:271-308.) has been adapted to an ACAS 570 (laser scanning microscope) system to measure fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) on individual human peripheral blood T cells. Photobleaching was completed in approximately 100 ms in our case and it followed double-exponential kinetics. The energy transfer efficiency (E) was approximately 20% between the CD4 epitopes OKT4-FITC and Leu-3a-PE as well as between OKT4E-FITC and OKT4-PE. E was approximately 8% between OKT4-FITC and Leu-4-PE (alpha-CD3) and barely detectable (approximately 4%) from OKT4-FITC to Leu-5b-PE (alpha-CD2). The E values obtained by the photobleaching method were highly reproducible both in repeated measurement of identical samples and in experiments with different batches of cells and were in agreement with the flow cytometric donor quenching measurements. As expected, E measured between primary and secondary layers of antibodies increased (from approximately 14% to approximately 28%) when F(ab')2 fragments were substituted for whole antibody molecules as the donor. On a T cell line we mapped the distance between the idiotypic determinant of the T cell receptor (TcR) and the Leu-4 epitope of CD3 as proximal as E = 28%, as compared to E = 4% between a framework TcR epitope and Leu-4. In the latter case, however, approximately 40% less Leu-4 was bound suggesting that the antigen binding site of TcR is in close proximity with one of the two CD3 epsilon-chains, which hence are not equivalent. C1 UNIV MED SCH DEBRECEN,DEPT BIOPHYS,H-4012 DEBRECEN,HUNGARY. RP SZABO, G (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 18 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 61 IS 3 BP 661 EP 670 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA HH578 UT WOS:A1992HH57800008 PM 1380319 ER PT J AU TAIRA, M JAMRICH, M GOOD, PJ DAWID, IB AF TAIRA, M JAMRICH, M GOOD, PJ DAWID, IB TI THE LIM DOMAIN-CONTAINING HOMEO-BOX GENE XLIM-1 IS EXPRESSED SPECIFICALLY IN THE ORGANIZER REGION OF XENOPUS GASTRULA EMBRYOS SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE XENOPUS-LAEVIS; HOMEO-BOX GENES; LIM DOMAIN; XLIM-1; ORGANIZER; ACTIVIN-A; RETINOIC ACID ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; MESODERM INDUCTION; NEURAL INDUCTION; GROWTH-FACTORS; RETINOIC ACID; DNA-POLYMERASE; ACTIVIN-A; PROTEIN; LAEVIS AB A novel cysteine-rich motif, named LIM, has been identified in the homeo box genes lin-11, Isl-1, and mec-3; the mec-3 and lin-11 genes determine cell lineages in Caenorhabditis elegans. We isolated LIM class homeo box genes from Xenopus laevis that are closely related to lin-11 and mec-3 in the LIM and homeo domains. This paper deals with one of these genes, Xlim-1. Xlim-1 mRNA is found at low abundance in the unfertilized egg, has a major expression phase at the gastrula stage, decreases, and rises again during the tadpole stage. In adult tissues the brain shows the highest abundance, by far, of Xlim-1 mRNA. The maternal and late expression phases of the Xlim-1 gene suggest that it has multiple functions at different stages of the Xenopus life cycle. In the gastrula embryo, Xlim-1 mRNA is localized in the dorsal lip and the dorsal mesoderm, that is, in the region of Spemann's organizer. Explant experiments showed that Xlim-1 mRNA is induced by the mesoderm-inducer activin A and by retinoic acid, which is not a mesoderm inducer but affects patterning during Xenopus embryogenesis; application of activin A and retinoic acid together results in synergistic induction. The structure, inducibility, and localized expression in the organizer of the Xlim-1 gene suggest that it has a role in establishing body pattern during gastrulation. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20852. CHIBA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,CHIBA 280,JAPAN. RP TAIRA, M (reprint author), NICCHD,MOLEC GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20852, USA. NR 69 TC 351 Z9 355 U1 1 U2 1 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 6 IS 3 BP 356 EP 366 DI 10.1101/gad.6.3.356 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA HM444 UT WOS:A1992HM44400003 PM 1347750 ER PT J AU HARRIS, GR AF HARRIS, GR TI LITHOTRIPSY PULSE MEASUREMENT ERRORS DUE TO NONIDEAL HYDROPHONE AND AMPLIFIER FREQUENCY RESPONSES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID EXTRACORPOREAL AB When using miniature ultrasonic hydrophones to probe the focal region of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy devices, the frequency response of the measurement hydrophone and any associated amplifier must be broad enough to minimize pulse distortion. To study the potential effects of bandwidth-limited behavior on lithotripsy pulse measurements, a mathematical model used previously for diagnostic-type pulses was modified. Several parameters of a simulated lithotripsy pulse were compared before and after being filtered by hydrophone and amplifier response functions, both separately and in combination. Errors were computed for the peak positive and negative pressures, rise time, pulse duration, and pulse intensity integral as functions of hydrophone and amplifier bandwidths. Although most of the energy in a shock wave pulse lies at frequencies below a few megahertz, significant errors can occur unless measurement bandwidths are much wider. For example, for a 20-ns rise-time pulse, the bandwidths of the hydrophone or amplifier acting separately should extend beyond 40-50 MHz to keep rise time errors below 10%. However, because the two response functions can compensate one another to some extent, accuracy for the combined response can be maintained at lower bandwidths if the amplifier's cut-off frequency is less than the hydrophone's thickness resonance peak. RP HARRIS, GR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12721 TWINBROOK PKWY,HFZ-132,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD MAR PY 1992 VL 39 IS 2 BP 256 EP 261 DI 10.1109/58.139122 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA HV423 UT WOS:A1992HV42300013 PM 18263144 ER PT J AU LIANG, SM LEE, N FINBLOOM, DS LIANG, CM AF LIANG, SM LEE, N FINBLOOM, DS LIANG, CM TI REGULATION BY GLUTATHIONE OF INTERLEUKIN-4 ACTIVITY ON CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS SO IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; LYMPHOCYTES-T; LINES; IL-4; RECEPTOR; GROWTH; EXPRESSION; RESPOND; POTENT; GAMMA AB We have previously shown that cellular glutathione (GSH) regulates the T-cell proliferative activity of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Here, we examined whether and how GSH affects the activity of interleukin-4 (IL-4) on murine cytotoxic T cells. CT.4R, a T-cell line that is responsive to both IL-4 and IL-2, was used as a model. Although GSH alone had little effect on the thymidine incorporation of CT.4R cells, it enhanced the response of CT.4R to IL-4 and increased the level of thymidine incorporation up to more than 60-fold in a concentration-dependent manner. GSH affected the binding of IL-4 to cellular receptors. Scatchard plot analysis showed that GSH treatment did not change the dissociation constant significantly; however, it increased the receptor number from 1173 +/- 126 to 2112 +/- 492 molecules per cell. Internalization and degradation studies of IL-4 showed that the amount of IL-4 internalized and degraded in the GSH-treated cells was about twofold higher than those in the cells without GSH treatment. These results suggest that GSH regulates the binding, internalization, degradation and T-cell proliferative activity of IL-4; alteration of cellular GSH levels may thus affect the growth and replication of cytotoxic T cells through growth stimulating cytokines such as IL-2 and IL-4. C1 MOLEC ONCOL INC,GAITHERSBURG,MD. RP LIANG, SM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0019-2805 J9 IMMUNOLOGY JI Immunology PD MAR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 435 EP 440 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HH312 UT WOS:A1992HH31200007 PM 1572691 ER PT J AU MANOHAR, V BROWN, EM CHUSED, TM AF MANOHAR, V BROWN, EM CHUSED, TM TI MURINE SPLENIC NULL-CELL COMPARTMENT CONTAINS DISTINCT HEMATOPOIETIC SUBPOPULATIONS - ENLARGEMENT OF A MYELOID AND AN UNDIFFERENTIATED SUBSET WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPLENOMEGALY IN NEW-ZEALAND BLACK MICE SO IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS; MOUSE MACROPHAGE; T-CELLS; B-CELLS; SURFACE; IDENTIFICATION; LYMPHOCYTES; RECEPTOR AB We have previously reported that non-T, non-B 'null' cells increase with age in New Zealand Black (NZB) mice resulting in splenomegaly. Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies recognizing lineage-specific cell surface antigens we demonstrate four distinct subsets within this null cell compartment: (1) undifferentiated; (2) T lineage with undetectable Thy-1.2; (3) myeloid/erythroid; and (4) a pre-B/plasma cell type. All four subsets also occur in non-autoimmune mice. The frequency of these populations are similar in the young mice of all the strains examined, although the total number of null cells is higher in NZB. The elevation of null cells in young NZB mice is controlled by a single dominant gene in the genetic cross with New Zealand White (NZW) mice and does not appear closely related to the subsequent development of autoimmune disease. The proportion of myeloid/erythroid null cells increases with age in NZB as splenomegaly develops. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NIAID,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0019-2805 J9 IMMUNOLOGY JI Immunology PD MAR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 3 BP 448 EP 455 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HH312 UT WOS:A1992HH31200009 PM 1572692 ER PT J AU MATUSIK, JE LEADBETTER, MG BARNES, CJ SPHON, JA AF MATUSIK, JE LEADBETTER, MG BARNES, CJ SPHON, JA TI IDENTIFICATION OF DIMETRIDAZOLE, IPRONIDAZOLE, AND THEIR ALCOHOL METABOLITES IN TURKEY TISSUES BY THERMOSPRAY TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SWINE FEED; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Dimetridazole and ipronidazole, two veterinary drugs used to treat turkeys, oxidize in vivo to form alcohol metabolites. The parent drugs as well as their metabolites are usually quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection. The confirmation of identity procedure reported herein uses HPLC for separation followed by thermospray tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) of both the parent and the alcohol metabolites. The extraction and cleanup procedures of the regulatory method were used to isolate the nitroimidazoles from turkey muscle tissue fortified at 2 and 10 ppb. An HPLC thermospray MS/MS technique, operating in the daughter ion mode, was used to confirm the identity of dimetridazole, the alcohol metabolite of dimetridazole, ipronidazole, and its alcohol metabolite. Unfortified control tissues were also analyzed and showed no interference. C1 CTR VET MED,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP MATUSIK, JE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 7 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 3 BP 439 EP 443 DI 10.1021/jf00015a015 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK054 UT WOS:A1992HK05400015 ER PT J AU HEIKES, DL AF HEIKES, DL TI MASS-SPECTRAL IDENTIFICATION AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CHLORINATED BLEACHING ADDUCTS IN FLOUR-CONTAINING FOOD ITEMS SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; PESTICIDES; CHEMICALS AB Bakery products and other flour-containing food items from the Food and Drug Administration's Total Diet Program were found to contain a series of unusual halogenated compounds when analyzed by a procedure designed for the gas chromatographic determination of chlorophenoxy alkyl acid herbicides as their methyl esters. These compounds were shown to occur in bleached flours and were not present in unbleached flours. Thus, they were assumed to be flour-bleaching adducts. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with chemical ionization (ethylene oxide) proved useful for the characterization of chlorinated derivatives of indigenous fatty acids: oleic, (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid, and linoleic, (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic, acid. Thus, 9,10-dichlorooctadecanoic acid, 9,10-dichloro-12-octadecenoic acid, 12,13-dichloro-9-octadecenoic acid, 9,10,12,13-tetrachlorooctadecanoic acid, 9-chloro-10-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, 10-chloro-9-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, isomers of chlorohydroxyoctadecenoic acid, and isomers of trichlorohydroxyoctadecanoic acid were identified and determined in several food items (breads, cakes, muffins, cookies, crackers, etc.). The most prominent residue was that of 9,10-dichloro-12-octadecenoic acid. Levels found in chocolate cake, yellow cake, and coffee cake commonly exceeded 20 ppm. RP HEIKES, DL (reprint author), US FDA,TOTAL DIET RES CTR,1009 CHERRY ST,KANSAS CITY,MO 64106, USA. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 40 IS 3 BP 489 EP 491 DI 10.1021/jf00015a026 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HK054 UT WOS:A1992HK05400026 ER PT J AU HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R DEUTSCH, M THOMPSON, JN AF HORWITZ, W ALBERT, R DEUTSCH, M THOMPSON, JN TI PRECISION PARAMETERS OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS REQUIRED FOR NUTRITION LABELING .2. MACRO ELEMENTS - CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM, SODIUM, AND SULFUR SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID FOODS AB A previous paper reviewed the precision of analyses for the major macronutrients-fat, protein, and carbohydrates-as well as moisture/solids, ash, and "fiber." A similar review is now presented for the macro inorganic nutrients-calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and sulfur. The precision parameters among laboratories (standard deviations, S; relative standard deviations, RSD; and repeatability, r, and reproducibility, R, values) are not characterized by any conventional distribution. The typical precision of the methods of analysis for these elements in food can be expressed solely as a logarithmic function of concentration, independent of analyte, matrix, and method. The average RSD(R) value from each collaborative assay found in the literature is used as the numerator in a ratio containing, as the denominator, the value calculated from the logarithmic function: RSD(R)(%) = 2(1-0.5 log C) where C is the concentration as a decimal fraction. If this ratio, designated as HORRAT, is above 2, the method is probably unacceptable with respect to precision. About 20% of the 465 interlaboratory data sets studied for this paper show an RSD(R) exceeding the acceptable limit, with an overall average HORRAT of 1.2 at C ranging from about 20 x 10(-6) (20 ppm) to about 10 (-1) (10%). The variability, although high, may be acceptable for the purpose of nutrition labelling. C1 HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,DIV NUTR RES,OTTAWA K1A OL2,ONTARIO,CANADA. RP HORWITZ, W (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 227 EP 239 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600001 ER PT J AU BARGO, ES AF BARGO, ES TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF FLURAZEPAM HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK DRUG AND DOSAGE FORMS - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Eleven laboratories collaboratively studied the liquid chromatographic method for determining flurazepam hydrochloride in capsules and bulk drug. The method uses an octadecylsilane reversed-phase column, a mobile phase of methanol-1% ammonium acetate (80 + 20), and photometric detection at 239 nm. Each collaborator received 8 samples: powdered composites of 5 commercial capsule preparations, each as a blind duplicate pair, and 3 bulk drug samples (1 blind duplicate). The ranges of repeatability and reproducibility relative standard deviations were 0.93-2.46 and 2.42-3.86% for the capsule samples and 0.97 and 1.76-2.27% for the bulk drug samples, respectively. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International. RP BARGO, ES (reprint author), US FDA,900 MADISON AVE,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 240 EP 244 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600002 ER PT J AU GLAZE, LE AF GLAZE, LE TI EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM FISH PASTE AND SAUCE (BAGOONG) NOT CONTAINING SPICE - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A collaborative study was conducted to validate a new method for the extraction of light filth from fish past and sauce (Bagoong) not containing spice. A 225 g test portion is digested by boiling in a mixture of acid and emulsifying agents. Light filth is isolated by wet sieving on a No. 230 plain weave sieve with Tergitol, a deaeration boil in 40% isopropanol, and flotation with mineral oil and 40% isopropanol in a Wildman trap flask. Three spiking levels were used in the study for rat hairs and insect fragments; 1 level was used for whole or equivalent insects. For rat hairs, recoveries at the low, medium, and high levels averaged 77, 94, and 76%, respectively. Recoveries of insect fragments for these levels averaged 92, 88, and 93%, respectively; recoveries of whole or equivalent insects averaged 85, 70, and 80%, respectively. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International for the extraction of light filth from fish paste and sauce (Bagoong) not containing spice. RP GLAZE, LE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 263 EP 265 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600006 ER PT J AU NAKASHIMA, MJ AF NAKASHIMA, MJ TI EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM DRIED BEAN CURD - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Results are reported for a collaborative study of a method for the extraction of light filth from dried bean curd. A 100 g test portion is dispersed in a 5.7% HCl solution. Residue from the No. 230 sieve is defatted in isopropanol, and the sieved residue is transferred to a Wildman trap flask. Light filth is isolated from 40% isopropanol by using Na4EDTA and mineral oil-heptane (70 + 30). Average recoveries by 6 collaborators for 3 spike levels of rat hairs (5, 10, and 15) were 85, 81, and 70%, respectively; for insect fragments (5, 15, and 30), recoveries were 72, 83, and 72%, respectively. The method was adopted by AOAC International as first action. RP NAKASHIMA, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 266 EP 268 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600007 ER PT J AU HURLBUT, JA BURKEPILE, RG GEISLER, CA AF HURLBUT, JA BURKEPILE, RG GEISLER, CA TI COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF SELENIUM IN PREMIXES AND SUPPLEMENTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; PRECONCENTRATION; HYDRIDE; WATER AB A colorimetric method is described for the determination of 100-10 000-mu-g selenium/g premix. Selenium is present in premixes as either selenite or selenate. Moderate to high concentrations of several common minerals are tolerated. The premix is briefly digested in a sulfuric acid-perchloric acid-sodium molybdate mixture, boiled in 10% NaCl solution, made basic, and centrifuged. Aliquots are taken if necessary. The mixture is then acidified with formic acid, treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride-EDTA, and complexed with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine. The pH is adjusted, and an extraction is performed with toluene. The absorbance is measured at 420 nm. Recoveries for 100-10 000-mu-g selenium/g premix ranged from 88 to 104%, with an average of 97%. The coefficient of variation ranged from 1.6 to 6.9%, with an average of 4.2%. C1 US FDA,VET ANALYT SECT,DENVER FED CTR,DENVER,CO 80225. RP HURLBUT, JA (reprint author), METROPOLITAN STATE COLL,DEPT CHEM,DENVER,CO 80217, USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 269 EP 271 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600008 ER PT J AU URANO, T TRUCKSESS, MW MATUSIK, J DORNER, JW AF URANO, T TRUCKSESS, MW MATUSIK, J DORNER, JW TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID IN CORN AND PEANUTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; MYCOTOXIN; CHICKENS; TOXICITY; RATS; MEAT AB A liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for the determination of cycloplazonic acid (CPA) in corn and peanuts. CPA was extracted from the test portion with methanol-2% NaHCO3 solution (7 + 3); the extract was defatted with hexane and then acidified. CPA was partitioned into chloroform and applied to a Sep-Pak silica cartridge. CPA was eluted with chloroform-methanol (3 + 1), the solvent was evaporated, and the residue was dissolved in methanol-water (60 + 40). CPA was quantitated by reversed-phase LC with a linear gradient of 0-4mM ZnSO4 in methanol-water (85 + 15) and UV measurement at 279 nm. Recoveries of CPA from corn spiked over the range of 50-500 ng/g and peanuts spiked over the range of 100-500 ng/g were 72-84% and 74-80%, respectively. The limits of quantitation for CPA in corn and peanuts were about 50 and 100 ng/g, respectively. CPA (820 ng/g) was found in corn naturally contaminated with aflatoxin B1, and CPA identity was confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. C1 USDA,NATL PEANUT RES LAB,DAWSON,GA 31742. RP URANO, T (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 17 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 319 EP 322 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600017 ER PT J AU CHU, FS HUANG, X HALL, S AF CHU, FS HUANG, X HALL, S TI PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBODIES AGAINST NEOSAXITOXIN SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SAXITOXIN; SHELLFISH; ASSAY; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; TOXINS AB Antibody against neosaxitoxin (neo-STX) was obtained from rabbits after immunization with neo-STX conjugated to either keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or bovine serum albumin (BSA). An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in which either neo-STX-BSA or neo-STX-KLH was coated to the microplate, was used to monitor the antibody titer. Although high antibody titers were obtained from rabbits after immunization with both immunogens, only antibody obtained from rabbits immunized with neo-STX-KLH was useful for immunoassay. Competitive indirect ELISA revealed that the antibodies obtained from rabbits immunized with neo-STX-KLH are specific for neo-STX but also have good cross-reactivity with STX. The concentrations causing 50% inhibition binding of neo-STX-BSA to the anti-neo-KLH by neo-STX, STX, and decarbamoyl-STX (DC-STX) were 0.9, 8.0, and 53.1 ng/mL, respectively. Saxitoxin conjugated to polylysine (STX-PLL) was also used as the coating reagent in the indirect ELISA. The concentrations causing 50% inhibition binding of anti-neo-STX-KLH to STX-PLL coated on the microtiter plate by neo-STX, STX, and DC-STX were 1.2, 4.1, and 36.1 ng/mL, respectively. With this newly developed antibody, ELISA could be a very effective method for monitoring seafood for both neo-STX and STX. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT FOOD MICROBIOL & TOXICOL,MADISON,WI 53706. US FDA,DIV RES,OFF SEAFOOD,WASHINGTON,DC 20022. RP CHU, FS (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,FOOD RES INST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 25 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 341 EP 345 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600021 ER PT J AU PROSKY, L ASP, NG SCHWEIZER, TF DEVRIES, JW FURDA, I AF PROSKY, L ASP, NG SCHWEIZER, TF DEVRIES, JW FURDA, I TI DETERMINATION OF INSOLUBLE AND SOLUBLE DIETARY FIBER IN FOODS AND FOOD-PRODUCTS - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A collaborative study was conducted to validate a method to determine the insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) contents of foods and food products by using a combination of enzymatic and gravimetric procedures. The method was basically the same as that for determining total dietary fiber, which was adopted as final action by AOAC and further modified to include changes in the concentration of buffer and base and substitutions of hydrochloric acid for phosphoric acid. Thirty-nine collaborators were each sent 7 test samples in a staggered design for dupilcate blind analysis. They were also sent a standard containing 4.3-5.4% IDF and 1.5-2.7% SDF. The 22 foods that were analyzed for IDF and SDF were cabbage, carrots, French beans, kidney beans, butter beans, okra, onions, parsley, chick peas, brussels sprouts, barley, rye flour, turnips, soy bran, wheat germ, raisins, Calimyrna figs, prune powder, Black Mission figs, apple powder, peach powder, and apricot powder. Both IDF and SDF values were calculated as the weight of residue minus the weight of protein and ash reported on a dry weight basis. The reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSD(R)) of the IDF results ranged from 3.68 to 19.44% for the foods analyzed; almost half the test samples had an RSD(R) < 10%. The RSD(R) values for the SDF results were somewhat higher. Approximately 50% of the foods analyzed had an RSD(R) > 20%, and 45% had an RSD(R) between 10 and 20%. An RSD(R) approaching 45% was calculated for the 2 test samples with the lowest SDF content, 1.35 and 1.90%. Raisins and prune powder had high RSD(R) values for both SDF and IDF. A major reason for high RSD(R) values seems to be filtration problems, which are avoidable by analyzing 0.5-0.25 g test samples. The method for the determination of SDF requires further study, but the method for the determination of IDF was adopted first action by AOAC International. C1 UNIV LUND,DEPT FOOD CHEM,S-22007 LUND 7,SWEDEN. NESTEC LTD,NESTLE RES CTR,CH-1000 LAUSANNE 26,SWITZERLAND. GEN MILLS INC,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55427. RP PROSKY, L (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 239 Z9 246 U1 9 U2 41 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 360 EP 367 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600024 ER PT J AU HORWITZ, W AF HORWITZ, W TI HISTORY OF THE IUPAC/ISO/AOAC HARMONIZATION PROGRAM SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB As a result of the preference of the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Codex Allmentarius Program to endorse methods of analysis for which interlaboratory performance parameters are available, many international organizations now conduct method-performance (collaborative) studies. International meetings sponsored by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, the International Organization for Standardization, and AOAC International have produced a harmonized protocol for the design, conduct, and interpretation of method-performance studies, and this protocol is being implemented by many method standardization organizations. The same group of organizations hopes to provide a harmonized protocol for the quality control and quality assurance of laboratory (analyst) performance. RP HORWITZ, W (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 75 IS 2 BP 368 EP 371 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA HM216 UT WOS:A1992HM21600025 ER PT J AU KULSHIN, VA ZAHRINGER, U LINDNER, B FRASCH, CE TSAI, CM DMITRIEV, BA RIETSCHEL, ET AF KULSHIN, VA ZAHRINGER, U LINDNER, B FRASCH, CE TSAI, CM DMITRIEV, BA RIETSCHEL, ET TI STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LIPID-A COMPONENT OF PATHOGENIC NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; ENDOTOXIN LIBERATION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LASER DESORPTION; FATTY-ACIDS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; CONFIGURATION; DERIVATIVES AB The lipid A component of meningococcal lipopolysaccharide was structurally characterized by using chemical modification methods, methylation analysis, P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance, and laser desorption mass spectroscopy. It was shown that Neisseria meningitidis lipid A consists of a 1,4'-bisphosphorylated beta(1' --> 6)-linked D-glucosamine disaccharide (lipid A backbone), both phosphate groups being largely replaced by O-phosphorylethanolamine. This disaccharide harbors two nonsubstituted hydroxyl groups at positions 4 and 6', the latter representing the attachment site of the oligosaccharide portion in lipopolysaccharide. In addition, it is substituted by up to six fatty acid residues. In the major lipid A component, representing a hexaacyl species, the hydroxyl groups at positions 3 and 3' carry (R)-3-hydroxydodecanoic acid [12:0(3-OH), whereas the amino groups at positions 2 and 2' are substituted by (R)-3-(dodecanoyloxy)tetradecanoic acid [3-O(12:0)-14:0]. A minor portion was present as a tetraacyl lipid A component lacking either dodecanoic acid (12:0) or 12:0 and 12:0(3-OH).N. meningitidis lipid A, therefore, significantly differs from Escherichia coli lipid A by the nature and locations of fatty acids and the substitution of O-phosphorylethanolamine for the nonglycosyl (4'-P) and glycosyl phosphate. C1 FORSCHUNGSINST BORSTEL,INST EXPTL BIOL & MED,W-2061 BORSTEL,GERMANY. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. ACAD MED SCI USSR,GAMALEYA EPIDEMIOL & MICROBIOL RES INST,MOSCOW 109801,USSR. RI Lindner, Buko/G-9731-2014 NR 43 TC 117 Z9 121 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 174 IS 6 BP 1793 EP 1800 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HJ502 UT WOS:A1992HJ50200011 PM 1548229 ER PT J AU ZYWNO, SR ARCENEAUX, JEL ALTWEGG, M BYERS, BR AF ZYWNO, SR ARCENEAUX, JEL ALTWEGG, M BYERS, BR TI SIDEROPHORE PRODUCTION AND DNA HYBRIDIZATION GROUPS OF AEROMONAS SPP SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRON TRANSPORT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HYDROPHILA AB A correlation between the genospecies (DNA-DNA hybridization group) and the type of siderophore produced by 118 isolates of the genus Aeromonas was established. Organisms in hybridization groups 1 through 5 (including 5A, 5B, and 5AB) and group 12 predominantly produced the siderophore amonabactin, while an enterobactinlike siderophore was prevalent in groups 8/10 and 9. The siderophore produced by strains in group 6 may be an as-yet-unidentified nonphenolate, nonhydroxamate compound, and group 7 isolates synthesized no siderophores. Determination of the indigenous siderophore (or the absence of one) produced by an isolate of the genus Aeromonas may assist in identification of the organism's genetic species and may suggest the presence of certain virulence properties. C1 US FDA,BIOL HAZARDS BRANCH,OFF SEAFOOD,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,MED CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL,JACKSON,MS 39216. UNIV ZURICH,DEPT MED MICROBIOL,CH-8006 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 24535] NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 30 IS 3 BP 619 EP 622 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA HE087 UT WOS:A1992HE08700018 PM 1532398 ER PT J AU MORRIS, LA GRIFFIN, JP AF MORRIS, LA GRIFFIN, JP TI THE EVOLVING ROLE OF FDA IN PRESCRIPTION DRUG PROMOTION SO JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES LA English DT Article AB This article reviews the contemporary rise of pharmaceutical promotion and FDA's current regulatory policies. Four trends are identified that have spurred a vast increase in the amount and diversification of promotional messages and methods (i.e., evolving technology, new audiences, more sophisticated marketing strategies, and increasingly competitive environments). FDA's surveillance and enforcement activities are discussed A case history regarding Syntex's promotion of Naprosyn and FDA's reaction is discussed to illustrate how the industry may use a coordinated marketing campaign to violatively promote its products and how FDA enforces the drug advertising law and regulations. C1 AMERICAN UNIV,CTR MKT POLICY RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20016. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP MORRIS, LA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV DRUG MKT ADVERTISING & COMMUN,MKT PRACTICES & COMMUN BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU J DRUG ISSUES INC PI TALLAHASSEE PA PO BOX 4021, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32315 SN 0022-0426 J9 J DRUG ISSUES JI J. Drug Issues PD SPR PY 1992 VL 22 IS 2 BP 245 EP 256 PG 12 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA JA530 UT WOS:A1992JA53000005 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM AF KLINMAN, DM TI SIMILARITIES IN B-CELL REPERTOIRE DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN AUTOIMMUNE AND AGING NORMAL MICE SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ANTIBODY REPERTOIRE; DNA ANTIBODIES; AUTOANTIBODIES; NZB; DISEASE; AGE; ACQUISITION; ACTIVATION; STRAINS AB B cell repertoire changes that characterize systemic autoimmune disease may be linked to an acceleration of normal immune aging. To examine this issue, the repertoires expressed by lupus-prone and geriatric normal mice were compared. An ELISA-spot assay was used to identify and quantitate individual lymphocytes secreting antibodies reactive with a panel of five autoantigens and three conventional Ag. Over half of autoimmune NZB and MRL/lpr mice developed repertoires biased toward the production of specific autoantibodies by 8 mo of age. The B cell repertoires expressed by normal BALB/c mice were stable over this period but developed a similar bias toward the production of autoantibodies by 18 to 22 mo of age. As both normal and autoimmune mice grew older, they expressed repertoires that increasingly diverged from those of other members of the same strain-a process whose onset and rate of development was accelerated in lupus-prone animals. By analyzing B cells from individual MRL/lpr mice at multiple time points, we found that 1) autoreactivity developed over a specific time period, 2) individual animals developed increased responsiveness against different autoantigens, and 3) this increased responsiveness persisted for life. These results suggest that the repertoires of adult autoimmune mice are generated and maintained by a process of continuous (auto)antigenic stimulation similar to that associated with normal immune aging. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29A,RM 3D16,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 56 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 1 PY 1992 VL 148 IS 5 BP 1353 EP 1358 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA HF266 UT WOS:A1992HF26600010 PM 1538120 ER PT J AU SCHUCKER, RE LEVY, AS TENNEY, JE MATHEWS, O AF SCHUCKER, RE LEVY, AS TENNEY, JE MATHEWS, O TI NUTRITION SHELF-LABELING AND CONSUMER PURCHASE BEHAVIOR SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION LA English DT Article AB A nutrition information program, consisting of brand-specific nutrition shelf-tags and a supplementary explanatory booklet, was tested for two years in Baltimore stores of the Giant Food chain, replicating a previous successful trial of the program in Washington, DC. Over the two-year evaluation period, market shares of shelf-tagged products increased 12% on average in Baltimore stores in 8 of 16 product categories that had been included in the original program trial. The largest market-share increases occurred for products with the most flagged nutrients. Products with fewer flagged nutrients actually lost market-share, suggesting that shopper purchases tended to be influenced by the number of featured nutrients as well as by the nature of the nutrients themselves. Responses to a shopper survey as well as the sales data converged to indicate that shopper concerns about nutrition and health status of family members are more highly correlated with program use than are education, income, and age. RP SCHUCKER, RE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0022-3182 J9 J NUTR EDUC JI J. Nutr. Educ. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 24 IS 2 BP 75 EP 81 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA HR878 UT WOS:A1992HR87800004 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S AF SHAH, VP MIDHA, KK DIGHE, S MCGILVERAY, IJ SKELLY, JP YACOBI, A LAYLOFF, T VISWANATHAN, CT COOK, CE MCDOWALL, RD PITTMAN, KA SPECTOR, S TI ANALYTICAL METHODS VALIDATION - BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE, AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB This is a summary report of the conference on "Analytical Methods Validation: Bioavailability, Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetic Studies." The conference was held from December 3 to 5, 1990, in the Washington, D.C., area and was sponsored by the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Federation International Pharmaceutique, Health Protection Branch (Canada), and the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The report presents our assessment of the major agreements and issues discussed at the conference. The report is also intended to provide guiding principles for validation of analytical methods used in bioavailability, bioequivalence, and pharmacokinetics studies in humans and animals. The objectives of the conference were as follows: (1) to reach a consensus on what should be required in analytical methods validation and the procedures to establish validation; (2) to determine processes of application of the validation procedures in bioavailability, bioequivalence, and pharmacokinetics studies; and (3) to develop a report on analytical methods validation that may be referred to in developing future formal guidelines. Acceptable standards for documenting and validating analytical methods with regard to processes, parameters, or data treatments are discussed because of their importance in assessing pharmacokinetic, bioavailability, and bioequivalence studies. Other topics that were considered essential in the conduct of pharmacokinetic studies or in establishing bioequivalency criteria, including measurement of drug metabolites and stereoselective determinations, are also discussed. C1 UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. BUR DRUG RES,HLTH PROTECT BRANCH,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ONTARIO,CANADA. AMER CYANAMID CO,LEDERLE LABS,PEARL RIVER,NY 10965. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,ST LOUIS,MO 63101. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. WELLCOME RES LABS,BECKENHAM BR3 3BS,KENT,ENGLAND. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,PHARMACEUT RES INST,SYRACUSE,NY 13221. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. NR 0 TC 784 Z9 812 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 81 IS 3 BP 309 EP 312 DI 10.1002/jps.2600810324 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA HG751 UT WOS:A1992HG75100023 ER PT J AU MEDLOCK, KL BRANHAM, WS SHEEHAN, DM AF MEDLOCK, KL BRANHAM, WS SHEEHAN, DM TI LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF POSTNATAL EXPOSURE TO DIETHYLSTILBESTROL ON UTERINE ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR AND GROWTH SO JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABNORMALITIES; RATS; ONTOGENY AB Diethylstilbestrol (DES) treatment of female rats on postnatal days (PND) 1-5 reduces uterine growth, estrogen receptor (ER) level and gland number by PND 25, while daily DES treatment on PND 1-25 increases uterine growth 4-fold, further reduces ER level and completely suppresses gland formation. We now report the persistence of these effects in adults. By PND 60, uterine weight was 70% of controls in rats injected with DES on PND 1-5 but only 10% of controls in rats injected PND 1-10 or longer. In fact, uterine weights were the same on PND 10 and 60. Uterine gland numbers were reduced to 30% of controls in all DES-treated rats regardless of exposure length; however, luminal and glandular epithelial cell heights were reduced to < 50 and 70%, respectively, of controls when DES was given on PND 1-25 but not when given on PND 1-5. Ovariectomy 7 days prior to sacrifice on PND 60 reduced uterine weight in controls by 67% and in rats injected with DES on PND 1-5 by 53%, but had no effect in rats injected with DES on PND 1-10. DES exposure at either PND 1-5 or 1-10 lowered ER levels by 3,5-50% at both 60 and 90 days. Treatment with a high dose of estradiol (E2) 1 week before sacrifice significantly down-regulated ER to the same concentration in all treatment groups at PND 60 and 90. Following E2 treatment, all groups also showed increased uterine weight at PND 60 and 90. These data show there is a short period of development (PND 5-10) in which further DES exposure indirectly inhibits uterine growth. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP MEDLOCK, KL (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 20 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-0760 J9 J STEROID BIOCHEM JI J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 42 IS 1 BP 23 EP 28 DI 10.1016/0960-0760(92)90007-6 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA HN634 UT WOS:A1992HN63400004 PM 1558818 ER PT J AU FURFINE, CS AF FURFINE, CS TI THE FDAS POLICY ON THE REGULATION OF COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL DEVICES SO M D COMPUTING LA English DT Article RP FURFINE, CS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0724-6811 J9 M D COMPUT JI M D Comput. PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 9 IS 2 BP 97 EP 100 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics GA HP726 UT WOS:A1992HP72600011 PM 1573995 ER PT J AU AKUNNE, HC JOHANNESSEN, JN DECOSTA, BR RICE, KC ROTHMAN, RB AF AKUNNE, HC JOHANNESSEN, JN DECOSTA, BR RICE, KC ROTHMAN, RB TI MPTP LESIONS OF THE NIGROSTRIATAL DOPAMINERGIC PROJECTION DECREASE [H-3] 1-[1-(2-THIENYL)CYCLOHEXYL]-PIPERIDINE BINDING TO PCP SITE-2 - FURTHER EVIDENCE THAT PCP SITE-2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE BIOGENIC-AMINE REUPTAKE COMPLEX SO NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE PHENCYCLIDINE; DOPAMINE; MPTP; RECEPTORS; PCP RECEPTOR ID HIGH-AFFINITY; GBR-12935 BINDING; TRANSPORT COMPLEX; H-3 GBR-12935; RAT-BRAIN; RECEPTOR AB Our previous studies have demonstrated that, using membranes of guinea pig brain, [H-3]1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine ([H-3]TCP) labels not only the phencyclidine binding site associated with the NMDA receptor (PCP site 1), but also a second high affinity binding site which is associated with the biogenic amine reuptake carrier (termed PCP site 2). To test this hypothesis, the binding of [H-3]GBR12935 to the dopamine transporter, and [H-3]TCP binding to PCP sites 1 and 2 were measured in caudates harvested from control, MPTP-treated and reserpine-treated dogs. MPTP treatment decreased dopamine levels by over 99%, decreased [H-3]GBR12935 binding by over 90%, decreased [H-3]TCP binding to PCP site 2 by about 50%, and had no significant effect on [H-3]TCP binding to PCP site 1. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that a portion of PCP site 2 is associated with dopaminergic nerve terminals in dog caudate. C1 NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,POB 5180,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. NIDDK,MED CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIMH,CLIN SCI LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0364-3190 J9 NEUROCHEM RES JI Neurochem. Res. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 17 IS 3 BP 261 EP 264 DI 10.1007/BF00966668 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA HE806 UT WOS:A1992HE80600007 PM 1320214 ER PT J AU KASSIS, JA NOLL, E VANSICKLE, EP ODENWALD, WF PERRIMON, N AF KASSIS, JA NOLL, E VANSICKLE, EP ODENWALD, WF PERRIMON, N TI ALTERING THE INSERTIONAL SPECIFICITY OF A DROSOPHILA TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE P-ELEMENT; ENGRAILED; SEGMENTATION GENES ID IMAGINAL DISKS; WINGLESS GENE; EMBRYOS; MELANOGASTER; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; MORPHOGENESIS; LOCALIZATION; PROMOTER; MUTATION AB Vectors derived from the Drosophila P element transposon are widely used to make transgenic Drosophila. Insertion of most P-element-derived vectors is nonrandom, but they exhibit a broad specificity of target sites. During experiments to identify cis-acting regulatory elements of the Drosophila segmentation gene engrailed, we identified a fragment of engrailed DNA that, when included within a P-element vector, strikingly alters the specificity of target sites. P-element vectors that contain this fragment of engrailed regulatory DNA insert at a high frequency near genes expressed in stripes. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,BOSTON,MA 02115. NINCDS,NEUROCHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP KASSIS, JA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,CELLULAR & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Perrimon, Norbert/F-9766-2011; OI Kassis, Judith/0000-0001-9268-3213 NR 30 TC 182 Z9 182 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1919 EP 1923 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.5.1919 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA HG681 UT WOS:A1992HG68100083 PM 1311855 ER PT J AU HUNG, HMJ AF HUNG, HMJ TI ON IDENTIFYING A POSITIVE DOSE-RESPONSE SURFACE FOR COMBINATION AGENTS SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID REGRESSION-FUNCTIONS; CANCER; METHODOLOGY; THERAPY AB This article concerns construction of a confidence surface for tangential slopes of the dose-response surface of a combination therapy to identify where response increases as a function of drug dosage. This approach extends to the assessment of the effectiveness of the combination therapy. RP HUNG, HMJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOMETR,STAT EVALUAT & RES BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD MAR PY 1992 VL 11 IS 5 BP 703 EP 711 DI 10.1002/sim.4780110513 PG 9 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA HT432 UT WOS:A1992HT43200012 PM 1594810 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW AF CHEN, JJ GAYLOR, DW TI CORRELATIONS OF DEVELOPMENTAL END-POINTS OBSERVED AFTER 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID EXPOSURE IN MICE SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTRAUTERINE POSITION; ALBINO RAT AB A large-scale developmental toxicology study of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid was conducted in four inbred strains and one outbred strain of mice. The most significant developmental effects observed were reduced fetal weight and increased incidences of cleft palate (malformation) and prenatal death (deaths/resorptions). The correlation coefficients among the proportion of deaths/resorptions, proportion of malformations, average fetal weights, and number of viable fetuses were investigated, with each variable measured on a per-litter basis. Generally, the correlation coefficients between average fetal weight and number of viable fetuses were negative for the control and low-dose groups in the C57BL/6, C3H/He, and BALB/c strains. Overall, the correlation coefficients between proportion of malformations and number of viable fetuses were not significant. The correlation coefficients between proportion of malformations and average fetal weight were negative for all but one case. The correlations were weak in the control and low-dose groups, in which the malformation rates were very low, and were strong in the high-dose groups. The correlation coefficients between proportion of deaths/resorptions and proportion of malformations were generally positive at the high doses; some negative correlations were observed in control and low-dose groups. The correlation coefficients between proportion of deaths/resorptions and average fetal weight were negative for the A/JAX and CD-1 strains. In summary, the strongest relationship observed was the negative correlation between fetal weight and malformation. RP CHEN, JJ (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU PHS HHS [224-89-0008] NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD MAR PY 1992 VL 45 IS 3 BP 241 EP 246 DI 10.1002/tera.1420450303 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA HF961 UT WOS:A1992HF96100002 PM 1631778 ER PT J AU DICKEY, RW FRYXELL, GA GRANADE, HR ROELKE, D AF DICKEY, RW FRYXELL, GA GRANADE, HR ROELKE, D TI DETECTION OF THE MARINE TOXINS OKADAIC ACID AND DOMOIC ACID IN SHELLFISH AND PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE GULF OF MEXICO SO TOXICON LA English DT Note ID IDENTIFICATION AB Liquid chromatographic analyses of extracts from shellfish and phytoplankton from the Gulf of Mexico indicated the presence of the marine toxins okadaic acid (0.162-mu-g/g shellfish) and domoic acid (2.1 pg/cell phytoplankter). These toxins are causative agents of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) and amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), respectively. The presence of DSP and ASP toxins in a region with no previous record of outbreaks may indicate a potential for human poisoning under conditions appropriate for accumulation of these toxins in shellfish. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL GEOSCI,DEPT OCEANOG,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP DICKEY, RW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SEAFOOD RES,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. RI Roelke, Daniel/B-5766-2008 NR 9 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0041-0101 J9 TOXICON JI Toxicon PD MAR PY 1992 VL 30 IS 3 BP 355 EP 359 DI 10.1016/0041-0101(92)90877-8 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA HR719 UT WOS:A1992HR71900014 PM 1529467 ER PT J AU HOPPE, PA AF HOPPE, PA TI INTERIM MEASURES FOR DETECTION OF BACTERIALLY CONTAMINATED RED-CELL COMPONENTS SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Editorial Material RP HOPPE, PA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,HFB-900,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 8 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD MAR-APR PY 1992 VL 32 IS 3 BP 199 EP 201 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1992.32392213799.x PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA HN281 UT WOS:A1992HN28100002 PM 1557798 ER PT J AU AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH AF AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH TI REGULATION OF IL-1-INDUCED GM-CSF MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION IN A MURINE B-CELL LINE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A2053 EP A2053 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102633 ER PT J AU BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D AF BERKOWER, I MURPHY, D TI MECHANISM OF HIV-1 INACTIVATION BY LOW-LEVEL BINDING OF CD4-IG SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1979 EP A1979 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102195 ER PT J AU BLAKELY, SR DODGE, WR GRUNDEL, E MITCHELL, GV JENKINS, MY AF BLAKELY, SR DODGE, WR GRUNDEL, E MITCHELL, GV JENKINS, MY TI CORN-OIL ENHANCES THE HEPATIC ACCUMULATION OF BETA-CAROTENE AND CANTHAXANTHIN IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DIV NUTR FOOD & DRUG ADM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1646 EP A1646 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100268 ER PT J AU BLOOM, ET HORVATH, JA AF BLOOM, ET HORVATH, JA TI AGE-RELATED DECLINE IN EXPRESSION OF PORE-FORMING PROTEIN (PFP) IN INDIVIDUAL CELLS - A PROBE FOR UNDERSTANDING THE CTL LYTIC MECHANISM SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A2006 EP A2006 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102356 ER PT J AU CALVERT, RJ LEEDS, AR CASSIDY, MM AF CALVERT, RJ LEEDS, AR CASSIDY, MM TI DIETARY FIBER AND GASTROINTESTINAL MUCIN IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV LONDON,LONDON,ENGLAND. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1742 EP A1742 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100826 ER PT J AU CALVERT, RJ LAJVARDI, A SATCHITHANANDAM, S AF CALVERT, RJ LAJVARDI, A SATCHITHANANDAM, S TI LARGE INTESTINAL FERMENTATION OF PARTIALLY DIGESTED STARCHES - EFFECTS ON PH, LUMINAL BULK, AND INTESTINAL HYPERTROPHY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1664 EP A1664 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100376 ER PT J AU CHERNEY, B BHATIA, K TOSATO, G AF CHERNEY, B BHATIA, K TOSATO, G TI LACTIC-ACID PROTECTS EBV-IMMORTALIZED B-CELLS FROM PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 FDA,CBER,DIV CYTK BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1620 EP A1620 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100117 ER PT J AU CONTI, A BRANDO, C DEBELL, KE ALAVA, MA HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E AF CONTI, A BRANDO, C DEBELL, KE ALAVA, MA HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E TI A ROLE FOR CA-2+ IN THE FEEDBACK-REGULATION OF INOSITOL PHOSPHATE (INSP) PRODUCTION IN PERMEABILIZED MURINE T LYMPHOCYTES SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1985 EP A1985 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102233 ER PT J AU CUTLER, RG BLAKELY, SR GRUNDEL, E MITCHELL, GV AF CUTLER, RG BLAKELY, SR GRUNDEL, E MITCHELL, GV TI PLASMA ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS-C AND VITAMIN-E AND BETA-CAROTENE IN DIETARY-RESTRICTED RHESUS-MONKEYS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIA,GERONTOL RES CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1953 EP A1953 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102049 ER PT J AU DEBELL, KE CONTI, A ALAVA, M HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E AF DEBELL, KE CONTI, A ALAVA, M HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CYTOSKELETON ASSEMBLY AND CD3-INDUCED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION - STUDIES WITH CYTOCHALASIN-D SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1984 EP A1984 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102228 ER PT J AU FOOPHILLIPS, M KOZAK, C PRINCIPATO, MA ABE, R AF FOOPHILLIPS, M KOZAK, C PRINCIPATO, MA ABE, R TI IDENTIFICATION OF MMTV PROVIRUSES INVOLVED IN THE CLONAL DELETION OF SELF-MLS NEW REACTIVE T-CELLS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1987 EP A1987 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102245 ER PT J AU HOADLEY, JE HINES, FA WHITTAKER, P AF HOADLEY, JE HINES, FA WHITTAKER, P TI COMPARISON OF IRON OVERLOAD FROM DIETARY CARBONYL IRON AND FROM INJECTED IRON DEXTRAN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1952 EP A1952 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102044 ER PT J AU JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR AF JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR TI DIETARY GARLIC ALTERS ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL LEVELS BUT NOT SELECTED DETOXIFICATION ENZYME-ACTIVITY IN YOUNG-RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1952 EP A1952 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27102046 ER PT J AU KAUP, SM HIGHT, SC RADER, UI AF KAUP, SM HIGHT, SC RADER, UI TI THE EFFECT OF HIGH DIETARY-SODIUM CHLORIDE AND POTASSIUM-CHLORIDE ON IRON STATUS OF WEANLING SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1651 EP A1651 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100300 ER PT J AU KOSSMANN, T MORGANTIKOSSMANN, MC MANISCHEWITZ, JF ORENSTEIN, JM MERGENHAGEN, SE WAHL, SM SMITH, PD AF KOSSMANN, T MORGANTIKOSSMANN, MC MANISCHEWITZ, JF ORENSTEIN, JM MERGENHAGEN, SE WAHL, SM SMITH, PD TI CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) INFECTED ASTROCYTES PRODUCE TGF-BETA - POTENTIAL ROLE IN CMV ENCEPHALOPATHY SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDR,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1608 EP A1608 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100047 ER PT J AU LARNER, A PETRICOIN, E HACKETT, R AF LARNER, A PETRICOIN, E HACKETT, R TI INHIBITION OF INTERFERON-INDUCED GENE-EXPRESSION BY PHORBOL ESTERS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CBER,FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1636 EP A1636 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27100210 ER PT J AU LATHERS, CM CHARLES, JB MUKAI, CN RIDDLE, JM JACOBS, FO BENNETT, BS LEWIS, D FORTNEY, S FREY, MB STRICKLIN, MD SCHNEIDER, VS AF LATHERS, CM CHARLES, JB MUKAI, CN RIDDLE, JM JACOBS, FO BENNETT, BS LEWIS, D FORTNEY, S FREY, MB STRICKLIN, MD SCHNEIDER, VS TI HEART-RATE RESPONSES TO LOWER-BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE (LBNP) DURING 17 WEEKS OF BEDREST SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,SPACE BIOMED RES INST,HOUSTON,TX 77058. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. LOCKHEED ENGINEER & SCI CO,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 28 PY 1992 VL 6 IS 5 BP A1772 EP A1772 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA HH271 UT WOS:A1992HH27101000 ER EF