FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU CAIRNS, T SIEGMUND, EG RADER, B AF CAIRNS, T SIEGMUND, EG RADER, B TI ANALYSIS OF TESTOSTERONE ESTERS BY TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CONFIRMATION; PROPIONATE AB The electron ionization (EI) and chemical ionization (CI) mass spectra of 12 representative testosterone esters were examined to explore the various analytical options available for identification and confirmation of the esters. Using EI, a number of fragment ions indicated the identification of the testosterone moiety, but structural confirmation of the individual esters often required the observance of the molecular ion at very low relative abundance ratios. The acceptable analytical method involved CI/tandem mass spectrometry based on the production of the 2 generic product ions derived from the protonated molecule ion. RP CAIRNS, T (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,LOS ANGELES DIST LAB,1521 W PICO BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 306 EP 312 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000009 PM 8471857 ER PT J AU CARSON, MC AF CARSON, MC TI SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF MULTIPLE TETRACYCLINE RESIDUES IN MILK USING METAL CHELATE AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXYTETRACYCLINE; TISSUES; CHLORTETRACYCLINE; BLOOD AB A method was developed for the determination of 7 tetracyclines in milk. Raw milk samples are defatted, acidified, and centrifuged to remove proteins, and the tetracyclines are specifically absorbed from the milk by chelation with metal ions bound to small Chelating Sepharose Fast Flow columns. The tetracyclines are removed from these columns with EDTA-containing buffer, and the extracts are further cleaned up by centrifugal ultra-filtration. Finally, the extracts are concentrated and analyzed simultaneously by on-line concentration. This method has limits of detection for individual tetracyclines of <5 ng/mL and was validated with fortified milk samples at 15, 30, and 60 ng/mL. Recoveries exceeded 60% for all tetracyclines at all levels, with good precision. The method was also tested on milk from cows dosed with each of the tetracyclines. Advantages of this method over existing methods include its sensitivity, minimal use of organic solvents, and speed; with an autosampler, at least 14 samples can be processed and analyzed in 1 day. RP CARSON, MC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV VET MED RES,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 12 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 329 EP 334 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000013 PM 8471858 ER PT J AU DANIELSON, JW AF DANIELSON, JW TI EVALUATION OF MICROBIAL LOADS OF BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES ON PENICYLINDERS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ADHESION AB Three types of penicylinders were compared for their retention of spores of Bacillus subtilis testing for sporicidal activity of disinfectants. Glass, porcelain, and stainless steel penicylinders are inoculated with a water suspension of B. subtilis var. niger (ATCC 9372) spores and dried. One set of each type of penicylinder is submerged 1 h in 0.9% saline. One set of porcelain penicylinders is submerged 15 h in a neutralized chemical germicide, and one set is also inoculated with a culture filtrate of B. subtilis (ATCC 19659), dried according to the AOAC method, and submerged 1 h in 0.9% saline. Microbial loads simulate those held on carriers used to test sporicidal activity of disinfectants. Carriers are immersed in chemical germicide, transferred to a neutralizer, and placed in a culture medium. Average percentages of B. subtilis var. niger spores retained on 10 carriers after 1 h submersion in saline and in water were as follows: glass, 93.6%; porcelain, 99.9%; and stainless steel, 99.5%. Retention of spores after 15 h submersion in a neutralized chemical germicide and in water was 98.9%. Porcelain penicylinders inoculated from a culture filtrate of B. subtilis (ATCC 19659) retained 26% of the spores after being submerged 1 h in saline and placed in water. Glass penicylinders, which retained the lowest and most variable number of spores, were the least suitable for sporicidal activity testing. B. subtilis (ATCC 19659) spores tested on porcelain penicylinders met only the minimum HCI resistance requirements of greater-than-or-equal-to 2 min. On porcelain penicylinders, the resistance of B. subtilis var. niger spores to 2.5N HCl was relative to the number of spores inoculated. RP DANIELSON, JW (reprint author), US FDA,STERIL ANAL RES CTR,240 HENNEPIN AVE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401, USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 355 EP 360 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000016 PM 8471861 ER PT J AU CHASE, GW LANDEN, WO SOLIMAN, AGM EITENMILLER, RR AF CHASE, GW LANDEN, WO SOLIMAN, AGM EITENMILLER, RR TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF NIACIN IN FORTIFIED FOOD-PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFFICIAL ANAL CHEMISTS ID RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMIN AB An ion exchange liquid chromatographic (LC) method using an anion exchange resin column was developed for the determination of niacin in fortified foods. Samples were extracted by autoclaving with H2SO4 (1 + 1). Florisil open column chromatography was used to remove interferences from the sample extracts. Niacin levels were quantitated by an LC system using a 250 x 4.1 mm Hamilton PRP-X100 column, a mobile phase of 2% glacial acetic acid in water, and UV detection at 254 nm. The limit of detection was 0.11 mug niacin/mL, and the standard curve was linear from 0.24 to 0.80 mug niacin/mL. The system reproducibility was evaluated by completing 10 repetitive analyses on an infant formula and a macaroni product, which gave an average CV of 2.7%. Mean recovery (+/- standard deviation) was 99.8 +/- 7.7 (n = 15). The results compared favorably with those by the AOAC microbiological method. RP CHASE, GW (reprint author), US FDA,60 8TH ST NE,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 390 EP 393 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000023 PM 8471863 ER PT J AU KIRCHHOEFFER, RD HIPP, S AF KIRCHHOEFFER, RD HIPP, S TI NIACIN-I - DISSOLUTION PROFILES OF SUSTAINED-RELEASE NIACIN PRODUCTS BY AUTOMATED AND MANUAL PROCEDURES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AB Automated and manual procedures were developed to obtain dissolution profiles of sustained-release niacin formulations. The procedures are based on the United States Pharmacopeia XXII apparatus 1 (basket) at 1 00 rpm with 900 mL 0.1 N HCl as the dissolution medium. Filtered aliquots are read at 260 nm. No interference was found from excipients. The procedures are straightforward and will discriminate between sustained-release and regular niacin formulations. RP KIRCHHOEFFER, RD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 394 EP 398 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000024 PM 8471864 ER PT J AU TANNER, JT BARNETT, SA MOUNTFORD, MK AF TANNER, JT BARNETT, SA MOUNTFORD, MK TI ANALYSIS OF MILK-BASED INFANT FORMULA .5. VITAMIN-A AND VITAMIN-E, FOLIC-ACID, AND PANTOTHENIC-ACID - FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION INFANT FORMULA COUNCIL - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105TH INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ASSOC OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS CY AUG 12-15, 1991 CL PHOENIX, AZ SP ASSOC OFFICIAL ANAL CHEMISTS AB In 1982, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Infant Formula Council and its member companies, contract laboratories, and other government laboratories began a study of analytical methods for the nutrients listed in the Infant Formula Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-359). Four phases of the study have been completed and are discussed in earlier reports. The present report provides data on Phase V, in which 13 laboratories collaboratively studied individual methods for folic acid, pantothenic acid, and vitamin E, in addition to 2 methods for vitamin A. Vitamins A and E are determined by liquid chromatography. Folic acid and pantothenic acid are determined by microbiological methods using acidimetric and/or turbidimetric assays as the determinative step. In most cases, relative standard deviations for repeatability, RSD(r), and reproducibility, RSD(R), are as good as those that would be predicted from other collaborative studies. RSD(r) and RSD(R) values obtained for the 5 methods are 9.35 and 25.44% for folic acid, 4.59 and 10.23% for pantothenic acid, 8.46 and 11.69% for vitamin E, 3.62 and 9.72% for vitamin A (retinol isomers), and 4.9 and 10.5% for vitamin A (retinol). The 5 methods have been adopted first action by AOAC International. C1 TMS ANALYT SERV,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46268. INFANT FORMULA COUNCIL,ATLANTA,GA 30342. RP TANNER, JT (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 399 EP 413 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000025 PM 8471865 ER PT J AU KIM, HS ANGYAL, G AF KIM, HS ANGYAL, G TI COMPARISON OF LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD TO AOAC MICROBIOLOGICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF L-TRYPTOPHAN IN TABLETS AND CAPSULES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Note ID DERIVATIZATION AB A reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) method coupled with precolumn derivatization of L-tryptophan with phenylisothiocyanate was compared to the AOAC microbiological method for determining L-tryptophan in tablets and capsules. For the microbiological method, the concentrations of L-tryptophan were 4-8% lower in autoclaved test samples (hot method) than in test samples that were not autoclaved (cold method). When L-tryptophan values obtained by the LC method were compared to those obtained by the cold microbiological method, no significant differences were observed (P > 0.05). The mean relative standard deviations were 2.9% for the LC method and 1.6% for the cold microbiological method. The mean recoveries of standard L-tryptophan added before analysis were 99% for the LC method and 101% for the cold microbiological method. These results demonstrate that both methods are reliable for determining free L-tryptophan contained in tablets and capsules. However, the LC method has the advantages of using a smaller test portion and having a shorter analysis time. RP KIM, HS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 414 EP 417 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000026 PM 8471866 ER PT J AU LEADBETTER, MG MATUSIK, JE AF LEADBETTER, MG MATUSIK, JE TI LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRIC CONFIRMATION OF NICARBAZIN IN CHICKEN TISSUES - INTERLABORATORY STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Note AB The U.S. Food and Drug Administration sponsored an interlaboratory study of a liquid chromatographic determination with ultraviolet detection of nicarbazin in chicken liver and muscle tissues. The method determined the 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) portion of nicarbazin. The interlaboratory study of the determinative method was successful for nicarbazin at the 4 ppm level. Results showed good reproducibility for the fortified liver and muscle samples. Mean interlaboratory recoveries and percent coefficients of variation at about 4 ppm were 87.1 and 10.9%, respectively, for muscle and 87.4 and 7.5%, respectively, for liver. The interlaboratory analyses of the dosed liver and muscle tissues produced concentration levels similar to those obtained by the sponsor. The confirmatory procedure, which identified DNC in purified tissue extracts, used liquid chromatography-thermospray/mass spectrometry. The confirmatory procedure was successfully evaluated by one FDA laboratory. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LEADBETTER, MG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,BLDG 328-A,BARC E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 420 EP 423 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000028 PM 8471868 ER PT J AU MISLIVEC, PB BANDLER, R ALLEN, G AF MISLIVEC, PB BANDLER, R ALLEN, G TI INCIDENCE OF FUNGI IN SHARED-USE COSMETICS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Note AB A survey was conducted to assess both the potential health risk from shared-use cosmetics caused by microorganisms and the microbial efficacy of preservatives in cosmetics. Samples of 3027 shared-use cosmetic products were collected from 171 retail establishments nationwide. Fungi were present in 10.4% of the products, and 3.9% contained fungal pathogens or opportunistic pathogens. The 423 fungal isolates identified represented 33 genera and at least 69 species. A disproportionately large share of the fungal isolates were from eye products; fewer were from lip products. Pathogenic or opportunistic pathogens made up 32.2% of the fungal isolates. A slightly lower percentage of samples that contained preservatives had fungi, a fact suggesting that preservatives reduce the incidence of fungi in cosmetics. Results of this survey indicate potential microbiological problems concerning the safety of shared-use cosmetics. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 430 EP 436 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KT990 UT WOS:A1993KT99000030 PM 8471870 ER PT J AU LOVE, LA RADER, JI CROFFORD, LJ RAYBOURNE, RB PRINCIPATO, MA PAGE, SW TRUCKSESS, MW SMITH, MJ DUGAN, EM TURNER, ML ZELAZOWSKI, E ZELAZOWSKI, P STERNBERG, EM AF LOVE, LA RADER, JI CROFFORD, LJ RAYBOURNE, RB PRINCIPATO, MA PAGE, SW TRUCKSESS, MW SMITH, MJ DUGAN, EM TURNER, ML ZELAZOWSKI, E ZELAZOWSKI, P STERNBERG, EM TI PATHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF INGESTING L-TRYPTOPHAN AND 1,1'-ETHYLIDENEBIS(L-TRYPTOPHAN) IN LEWIS RATS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA SYNDROME; IMMUNE ACTIVATION; FIBROSIS; PANCREATITIS; SUPPLEMENT ID EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME; SCLERODERMA; FASCIITIS; ILLNESS; EMS AB The eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) has been associated with ingestion of L-tryptophan (L-TRP) produced by a single manufacturer. Epidemiological data implicated 1,1'-ethylidenebis(L-tryptophan) (EBT) (peak 97 or peak E) as a possible etiologic agent. We showed previously that Lewis rats treated with the L-TRP implicated in EMS develop fasciitis and perimyositis similar to those seen in human EMS. We now report the pathology associated with the treatment of Lewis rats with synthetic EBT and/Or L-TRP. Atl animals treated for 6 wk with case-associated L-TRP or EBT developed significant myofascial thickening, compared with animals in the vehicle control and control L-TRP groups. However, even those animals receiving the control L-TRP showed a mild but significant increase in the thickness of the myofascia, compared with vehicle-treated control animals. All animals except vehicle controls also exhibited significant pancreatic pathology, including fibrosis and acinar changes. Only animals treated with case-associated L-TRP for 6 wk showed evidence of immune activation with increased frequency of CD8, Ia, and IL-2 receptor-positive cells in the peripheral blood. Animals receiving L-TRP or EBT for < 6 wk did not show significant differences in myofascial thickness, although these animals did show pancreatic acinar changes. Although these results demonstrate for the first time the pathological effects of EBT, they do not rule out the possibility that other impurities in the EMS-case-associated L-TRP may also contribute to some of the features of EMS. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIMH,ALCOHOL DRUG ABUSE & MENTAL HLTH ADM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAMSD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Crofford, Leslie/J-8010-2013 NR 35 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 91 IS 3 BP 804 EP 811 DI 10.1172/JCI116300 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KR461 UT WOS:A1993KR46100010 PM 8450062 ER PT J AU GOLDEN, DA RHODEHAMEL, EJ KAUTTER, DA AF GOLDEN, DA RHODEHAMEL, EJ KAUTTER, DA TI GROWTH OF SALMONELLA SPP IN CANTALOUPE, WATERMELON, AND HONEYDEW MELONS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article AB The ability of Salmonella spp. to grow on the interior tissues of cantaloupe, watermelon, and honeydew melons was investigated. Pieces of rind-free melons (pH 5.90-6.67) and tryptic soy broth (TSB, pH 5.90) were inoculated with a mixed culture (approximately 100 CFU/g or ml) containing equal proportions of five species of Salmonella (S. anatum, S. chester, S. havana, S. poona, and S. senftenberg). Inoculated melon pieces and TSB were incubated for 24 h at 5 or 23-degrees-C. Viable populations of salmonellae were determined by surface plating test portions on Hektoen enteric agar. Results indicated that Salmonella growth was rapid and prolific on the melons and in TSB at 23-degrees-C incubation. Final populations on watermelons were approximately 1.0 log10 greater than populations on cantaloupe and honeydew and in TSB. Although viable Salmonella populations on melons and in TSB did not increase during the 24-h incubation at 5-degrees-C, little or no decrease in viable populations was observed. RP GOLDEN, DA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV HACCP PROGRAMS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 10 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 56 IS 3 BP 194 EP 196 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA KR950 UT WOS:A1993KR95000001 ER PT J AU HAMMACK, TS SATCHELL, FB ANDREWS, WH AMAGUANA, RM JUNE, GA SHERROD, PS KOOPMAN, L AF HAMMACK, TS SATCHELL, FB ANDREWS, WH AMAGUANA, RM JUNE, GA SHERROD, PS KOOPMAN, L TI ABBREVIATED PREENRICHMENT PERIOD FOR RECOVERY OF SALMONELLA SPP FROM SELECTED LOW-MOISTURE DAIRY FOODS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ENRICHMENT CONDITIONS; TYPHIMURIUM; MEDIA; FEEDS AB A 6-h and a 24-h preenrichment procedure were compared for their ability to recover Salmonella spp. from selected low-moisture dairy foods. The foods were artificially inoculated several days before analysis, and 20 replicate test portions per procedure from each food were examined in each experiment. Samples examined by the 6-h abbreviated procedure were preenriched for 6 h at 35-degrees-C in an air incubator or water bath and centrifuged at 4,100 x g for 10 min. Pellets were suspended in tetrathionate broth and incubated for 24 h at 35-degrees-C. For the 24-h standard procedure, test portions were preenriched for 24 h at 35-degrees-C in an air incubator, subcultured to tetrathionate broth, and incubated for 24 h at 35-degrees-C. Selective enrichment broths from both procedures were streaked onto selective agar plates, and presumptive Salmonella isolates were identified by conventional biochemical and serological tests. Recovery of Salmonella spp. from instant nonfat dry milk and dry whole milk was equivalent for both preenrichment procedures. However, the relative effectiveness of the two procedures varied in the recovery of Salmonella spp. from noninstant nonfat dry milk, lactic casein, and rennet casein. RP HAMMACK, TS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 56 IS 3 BP 201 EP 204 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA KR950 UT WOS:A1993KR95000003 ER PT J AU CASTERLINE, JL KU, Y AF CASTERLINE, JL KU, Y TI BINDING OF ZINC TO APPLE FIBER, WHEAT BRAN, AND FIBER COMPONENTS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE APPLE; WHEAT; FIBER; ZINC; BIOAVAILABILITY ID DIETARY FIBER; IRON; FOODS; PH AB Zinc ion binding to commercial brans, fiber, and fiber components was studied by equilibrium dialysis. Maximum initial concentration of zinc bound by 50 mg of apple fiber (AF) and wheat bran (WB) at pH 7.2 was 220 mug. AF and WB binding capacities were significantly lower for soluble fractions than for unfractionated materials. The water-soluble fraction's binding capacity was 90% lower for AF than for WB. Hemicellulase and phytase slightly increased AF binding capacity but reduced WB capacity. Pectinase increased both AF and WB capacity slightly. Binding capacities of commercially available individual fiber components decreased in the order: lignin > polypectin > pectin > gum > cellulose. Zinc-binding capacities of various dietary fiber types differ, accounting for different zinc bioavailabilties of some foods. RP CASTERLINE, JL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 58 IS 2 BP 365 EP 368 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb04276.x PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA LV597 UT WOS:A1993LV59700033 ER PT J AU LARNER, AC PETRICOIN, EF NAKAGAWA, Y FINBLOOM, DS AF LARNER, AC PETRICOIN, EF NAKAGAWA, Y FINBLOOM, DS TI IL-4 ATTENUATES THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION OF BOTH IFN-ALPHA-INDUCED AND IFN-GAMMA-INDUCED CELLULAR GENE-EXPRESSION IN MONOCYTES AND MONOCYTIC CELL-LINES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERFERON-INDUCIBLE GENE; BINDING PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN-4; SECRETION; ELEMENT; IDENTIFICATION; RECEPTOR AB The interaction of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma with monocytes results in several actions that significantly influence the course of an immune response. Many of these effects are proinflammatory and can contribute to the degree of tissue injury at a site of inflammation. Whereas recent investigations target IL-4 as a T cell product that can antagonize some of the responses induced by IFN, little is known regarding the mechanisms involved. We have taken advantage of two well defined systems: the transcriptional activation of the cellular genes ISG-54 by IFN-alpha and IP-10 by IFN-gamma. IL-4 treatment of both the monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1, and normal peripheral blood monocytes resulted in inhibition of IFN-induced RNA levels for both genes. Nuclear run-on assays in THP-1 cells indicated that the effects of IL-4 were due to the inhibition of the transcriptional activation of these genes by both IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma. This inhibition was not due to alteration in the binding characteristics of IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma to the cell. In the IFN-alpha system, we were able to show that IL-4 treatment resulted in reduced formation of the transcriptional activator, IFN-stimulated gene factor 3. This reduction appears to be the result of a defect in the ability of IFNalpha to activate the IFN-stimulated gene factor 3alpha component of IFN-stimulated gene factor 3. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 37 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 1 PY 1993 VL 150 IS 5 BP 1944 EP 1950 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KN532 UT WOS:A1993KN53200033 PM 8436826 ER PT J AU SMITH, PD EISNER, MS MANISCHEWITZ, JF GILL, VJ MASUR, H FOX, CF AF SMITH, PD EISNER, MS MANISCHEWITZ, JF GILL, VJ MASUR, H FOX, CF TI ESOPHAGEAL DISEASE IN AIDS IS ASSOCIATED WITH PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES RATHER THAN MUCOSAL HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; DIAGNOSIS; INFECTION; HIV-1; CELLS; SYMPTOMS AB Twenty-five patients with AIDS and esophageal symptoms were evaluated for the presence of esophageal disease and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the esophageal mucosa. A single infectious process caused by Candida albicans, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, or Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex or a single noninfectious process caused by Kaposi's sarcoma or reflux esophagitis was identified in 20 patients. Two processes were identified in 5 patients. HIV-1 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization in mononuclear cells in esophageal lamina propria in 36% of patients. The presence of HIV-1 in the esophageal mucosa was not associated with a specific esophageal symptom, mucosal inflammation or ulceration, Kaposi's sarcoma, specific opportunistic infection, or response of the infection(s) to therapy. Esophageal disease in patients with AIDS appears to be associated with specific pathologic processes rather than the presence of HIV-1 in esophageal mucosa. C1 US FDA,NIDR,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,DEPT CLIN PATHOL,MICROBIOL SERV,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CTR CLIN,DEPT CRIT CARE MED,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,NIH,NIAID,IMMUNOREGULAT LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 34 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 167 IS 3 BP 547 EP 552 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA KN152 UT WOS:A1993KN15200005 PM 8440925 ER PT J AU ACHARYA, A AF ACHARYA, A TI TRENDS IN GOVERNMENT-REGULATION OF DEVICE RESEARCH SO JOURNAL OF INVASIVE CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review RP ACHARYA, A (reprint author), US FDA,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,1390 PICCARD DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEALTH MANAGEMENT PUBLICATIONSINC PI WAYNE PA 950 WEST VALLEY RD, STE 2800, WAYNE, PA 19087 SN 1042-3931 J9 J INVASIVE CARDIOL JI J. Invasive Cardiol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 5 IS 2 BP 69 EP 73 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KT617 UT WOS:A1993KT61700005 PM 10148627 ER PT J AU LEVY, AS FEIN, SB STEPHENSON, M AF LEVY, AS FEIN, SB STEPHENSON, M TI NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE LEVELS ABOUT DIETARY FATS AND CHOLESTEROL - 1983-1988 SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION LA English DT Article AB Consumer knowledge of dietary fats and cholesterol was analyzed for trends over time and for relationships with demographic characteristics and health and dieting behaviors. The data were obtained from three-approximately biennial Health and Diet Surveys conducted by the Food and Drug Administration and the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute between 1983 and 1988. Statistical methods included regression analysis and factor analysis. The results indicate that consumer knowledge about dietary fats and cholesterol is poor. Respondents with greater knowledge in 1988 were those who were more educated, middle-aged, or white, and those who were on a cholesterol-lowering diet. The regression analysis of 1988 scores indicated that education was the most important predictor of knowledge scores. Being on a self-prescribed cholesterol-lowering diet was related to higher knowledge, but being on a physician-recommended diet was related to higher knowledge scores only for younger respondents. None of the health behaviors, except engaging in regular exercise, was associated with higher knowledge levels. RP LEVY, AS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0022-3182 J9 J NUTR EDUC JI J. Nutr. Educ. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 25 IS 2 BP 60 EP 66 PG 7 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA KY092 UT WOS:A1993KY09200002 ER PT J AU BARR, DB AF BARR, DB TI FDAS ASEPTIC PROCESSING - PROPOSED REGULATION SO JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP BARR, DB (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MFG & PROD QUAL,POLICY & GUIDANCE BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PARENTERAL DRUG ASSOC, INC PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE, 620, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0279-7976 J9 J PARENT SCI TECHN PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 47 IS 2 BP 57 EP 59 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LX959 UT WOS:A1993LX95900003 PM 8515345 ER PT J AU MADENJIAN, JJ EIFERT, JD LAWRENCE, JF AF MADENJIAN, JJ EIFERT, JD LAWRENCE, JF TI CIIDAE - NEWLY RECOGNIZED BEETLE PESTS OF COMMERCIAL DRIED MUSHROOMS SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FUNGI; COMMERCIAL DRIED MUSHROOMS; BASIDIOMYCETES; COLEOPTERA; BEETLES ID COLEOPTERA AB One hundred sixty-seven samples representing 8 species of packaged, dried mushrooms were collected from 29 markets in the downtown Los Angeles area. The packages were visually examined for obvious insect infestations. Ciid material, representing 3 species, was found in 6 samples. One of these samples had been stored by the collector for about 8 months before huge numbers of live ciid adults and larvae were noticed in the one package. This finding represents direct evidence of post-harvest development and thereby establishes stored product pest status for the family. No previous literature exists on ciids as pests of commercial, stored, dried mushrooms. C1 CSIRO,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. RP MADENJIAN, JJ (reprint author), US FDA,1521 W PICO BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 29 IS 1 BP 45 EP 48 DI 10.1016/0022-474X(93)90020-5 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA KJ326 UT WOS:A1993KJ32600008 ER PT J AU HERMAN, BA CAREY, RF RINALDI, JE AF HERMAN, BA CAREY, RF RINALDI, JE TI SENSITIVITY OF WATER LEAK TESTS FOR LATEX CONDOMS SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE LATEX; CONDOMS; LEAKAGE TESTS AB As part of quality assurance testing, latex condoms are often screened for pinholes using water leak tests. This report analyzes the sensitivity of two similar tests, both requiring that a condom be filled with 300 mL of water and then examined visually for leakage. One test, a Food and Drug Administration protocol, specifies that the condom be filled vertically, the open end pinched off, and then rolled horizontally on a towel. The second test, developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials, is the same, except the condom is not rolled, merely placed in a horizontal position and examined. Detectability of a defect is dependent on the pressure developed within the condom, wettability of the condom surface by the water, thickness, and expansion of the condom. Three brands and nine different models were studied to determine the range of values for these variables and the sensitivity of the tests were then calculated. Sensitivity (minimum hole size detectable) varies from approximately 100 mum radius to 3 mum radius. Note that the smallest defect observable is larger than the HIV virus. RP HERMAN, BA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 21 IS 2 BP 124 EP 128 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA LB485 UT WOS:A1993LB48500005 ER PT J AU GRAKOUI, A WYCHOWSKI, C LIN, C FEINSTONE, SM RICE, CM AF GRAKOUI, A WYCHOWSKI, C LIN, C FEINSTONE, SM RICE, CM TI EXPRESSION AND IDENTIFICATION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS POLYPROTEIN CLEAVAGE PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; WEST NILE FLAVIVIRUS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; HOG-CHOLERA VIRUS; NON-B HEPATITIS; VACCINIA VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; NON-A; POSTTRANSFUSION HEPATITIS; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE AB Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major cause of transfusion-acquired non-A, non-B hepatitis. HCV is an enveloped positive-sense RNA virus which has been classified as a new genus in the flavivirus family. Like the other two genera in this family, the flaviviruses and the pestiviruses, HCV polypeptides appear to be produced by translation of a long open reading frame and subsequent proteolytic processing of this polyprotein. In this study, a cDNA clone encompassing the long open reading frame of the HCV H strain (3,011 amino acid residues) has been assembled and sequenced. This clone and various truncated derivatives were used in vaccinia virus transient-expression assays to map HCV-encoded polypeptides and to study HCV polyprotein processing. HCV polyproteins and cleavage products were identified by using convalescent human sera and a panel of region-specific polyclonal rabbit antisera. Similar results were obtained for several mammalian cell lines examined, including the human HepG2 hepatoma line. The data indicate that at least nine polypeptides are produced by cleavage of the HCV H strain polyprotein. Putative structural proteins, located in the N-terminal one-fourth of the polyprotein, include the capsid protein C (21 kDa) followed by two possible virion envelope proteins, El (31 kDa) and E2 (70 kDa), which are heavily modified by N-linked glycosylation. The remainder of the polyprotein probably encodes nonstructural proteins including NS2 (23 kDa), NS3 (70 kDa), NS4A (8 kDa), NS4B (27 kDa), NS5A (58 kDa), and NS5B (68 kDa). An 82- to 88-kDa glycoprotein which reacted with both E2 and NS2-specific HCV antisera was also identified (called E2-NS2). Preliminary results suggest that a fraction of El is associated with E2 and E2-NS2 via disulfide linkages. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MOLEC MICROBIOL,BOX 8230,660 S EUCLID AVE,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. US FDA,CBER,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA57973] NR 73 TC 760 Z9 781 U1 10 U2 30 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 67 IS 3 BP 1385 EP 1395 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA KM613 UT WOS:A1993KM61300031 PM 7679746 ER PT J AU IGARASHI, K DAVID, M FINBLOOM, DS LARNER, AC AF IGARASHI, K DAVID, M FINBLOOM, DS LARNER, AC TI INVITRO ACTIVATION OF THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR GAMMA-INTERFERON ACTIVATION FACTOR BY GAMMA-INTERFERON - EVIDENCE FOR A TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE KINASE SIGNALING CASCADE SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GUANYLATE-BINDING PROTEIN; CYTOPLASMIC ACTIVATION; ALPHA-INTERFERON; IFN-GAMMA; GENE; RECEPTOR; PHOSPHORYLATION; TRANSDUCTION; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION AB Although it has been well documented that the biological activities of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) are initiated through interaction with its cell surface receptor, the signal transduction mechanisms which mediate the effects of this cytokine have remained unclear. In order to facilitate a better understanding of IFN-gamma signaling, we have designed an assay using human fibroblast cell homogenates in which IFN-gamma activates the formation of the IFN-gamma activation factor (GAF) transcription complex. GAF mediates the rapid transcriptional activation of the guanylate-binding protein gene by IFN-gamma. Activation of GAF in homogenates required ATP, but not Ca2+ or GTP. Fractionation of homogenates indicated that both the pellet (18,000 x g) and the remaining cytoplasmic fraction were required for GAF activation by IFN-gamma. In intact cells and cell homogenates, the activation of GAF was prevented by the specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein. Treatment of GAF-containing nuclear extracts with either monoclonal antiphosphotyrosine antibody or protein tyrosine phosphatase prevented the assembly of the transcription complex, indicating that its formation required phosphorylation of tyrosine residues. Furthermore, the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors phenylarsine oxide and zinc chloride also inhibited GAF formation in vitro, but only if these agents were added to cell homogenates before IFN-gamma was added. The addition of either agent 5 min after IFN-gamma had no effect. These results provide the first evidence for an IFN-gamma-regulated tyrosine phosphatase/kinase signaling cascade that permits this cytokine to activate the transcription of an early-response gene. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 29 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 13 IS 3 BP 1634 EP 1640 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN579 UT WOS:A1993KN57900036 PM 7680098 ER PT J AU ROHLFF, C SAFA, B RAHMAN, A CHOCHUNG, YS KLECKER, RW GLAZER, RI AF ROHLFF, C SAFA, B RAHMAN, A CHOCHUNG, YS KLECKER, RW GLAZER, RI TI REVERSAL OF RESISTANCE TO ADRIAMYCIN BY 8-CHLORO-CYCLIC AMP IN ADRIAMYCIN-RESISTANT HL-60 LEUKEMIA-CELLS IS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCTION OF TYPE-I CYCLIC AMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE AND CYCLIC-AMP RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN DNA-BINDING ACTIVITIES SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE; REGULATORY SUBUNIT; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; FACTOR CREB; CAMP; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION; PHOSPHORYLATION AB 8-Chloro-cyclic AMP (8-Cl-cAMP) produces growth-inhibitory and differentiating activity in the promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. Adriamycin (ADR)-resistant HL-60 (HL-60/AR) cells exhibit the multidrug-resistant phenotype but do not express the mdr1 gene product P-glycoprotein. To explore potential signaling processes that may be involved in this atypical form of drug resistance, 8-Cl-cAMP was used as a modulator of the cAMP second messenger signal transduction pathway. Treatment for 48 hr with a 10% inhibitory concentration of 8-Cl-cAMP potentiated ADR cytotoxicity 14-fold in HL-60/AR cells but not in the parental cell line. 8-Cl-cAMP was stable to hydrolysis in the medium after 48 hr and was present intracellularly predominantly as phosphorylated metabolites (70%) and the parent compound (30%). No difference occurred in ADR accumulation in HL-60/AR cells after treatment with 8-Cl-cAMP. Accompanying the 8-Cl-cAMP-mediated increase in ADR cytotoxicity in HL-60/AR cells was a reduction in the cytosolic type I cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and disappearance of the nuclear PKA holoenzyme. Coincident with these changes in drug-resistant cells was a marked reduction in the DNA-binding activity of the cAMP response element-binding protein to levels equivalent to those in sensitive cells. This effect appears to result from reduced phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding protein. These results suggest that the potentiation by 8-Cl-cAMP of ADR cytotoxicity in HL-60/AR cells occurs through down-regulation of nuclear type I PKA and cAMP response element-binding factors whose activities are regulated by PKA. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,VINCENT T LOMBARDI CANC RES CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,VINCENT T LOMBARDI CANC RES CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,VINCENT T LOMBARDI CANC RES CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 37 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 43 IS 3 BP 372 EP 379 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KT629 UT WOS:A1993KT62900009 PM 8383802 ER PT J AU ALI, SF DAVID, SN NEWPORT, GD AF ALI, SF DAVID, SN NEWPORT, GD TI AGE-RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MPTP-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN MICE SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MPTP; REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DICHLOROFLUORESCEIN; DOPAMINE NEUROTOXICITY; C57/B6N MICE ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM TRAUMA; MONOAMINE OXIDASE-B; OXYGEN RADICALS; DOPAMINERGIC NEUROTOXICITY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; BRAIN; 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,5,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE; TOXICITY; NEURONS AB 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is known to cause neurotoxicity in rodents and nonhuman primates. In this study the ontogeny of MPTP-induced DA depletion and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated in mouse striatum. C57/B6N mice were injected four times with 0 or 10 mg/kg MPTP (i.p.) at two-hour intervals on either postnatal day 23, at about 7 months of age, and at one year of age. Animals were sacrificed 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the last dose. Brains were rapidly removed and striata were dissected for neurochemical analysis. Dopamine (DA) and its metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were measured by HPLC/EC. ROS formation was measured by a fluorescence probe, 2,7'-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA). MPTP produced a slight but significant decrease of DA only 4 hours post dosing on PND 23. DOPAC and HVA levels decreased up to 4 and 8 hours post dosing respectively and returned to control values thereafter. At 7 months of age, MPTP produced a 50-65 % decrease of DA and its metabolites (DOPAC and HVA) in striatum 24 hours post dosing. In one year old mice MPTP produced an 80 % decrease of DA and 60 - 80 % decrease of DOPAC and HVA in striatum. In contrast, ROS formation in striatum was not significantly increased by MPTP treatment at any age but was decreased at 1 hour only in PND 23 and 7 month old mice. These studies suggest that MPTP-induced neurotoxicity is age-dependent in the mouse. The lack of effect on ROS formation suggests that, if MPTP neurotoxicity is mediated via oxidative stress it cannot be measured by fluorescence probe techniques used in these experiments. (C) 1993 Intox Press, Inc. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. ARKANSAS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,STATE UNIV,AR 72467. RP ALI, SF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NEUROCHEM LAB,HFT-132,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 42 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTOX PRESS INC PI LITTLE ROCK PA PO BOX 24865, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72221 SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD SPR PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 29 EP 34 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA LK375 UT WOS:A1993LK37500006 PM 8361676 ER PT J AU TANDON, P BARONE, S BONNER, MJ ALI, SF TILSON, HA AF TANDON, P BARONE, S BONNER, MJ ALI, SF TILSON, HA TI THE ROLE OF THE SEPTOHIPPOCAMPAL PATHWAY IN THE MEDIATION OF COLCHICINE-INDUCED COMPENSATORY CHANGES IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPUS SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INOSITOL PHOSPHATE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; ACHE; CHOLINE ACETYLTRANSFERASE; CHAT; QNB BINDING; REACTIVE SYNAPTOGENESIS ID STIMULATED PHOSPHOINOSITIDE HYDROLYSIS; LESION-INDUCED SYNAPTOGENESIS; DENTATE GYRUS; ADULT-RAT; SEPTAL-LESIONS; BRAIN; PROJECTIONS; METABOLISM; DEAFFERENTATION; CONNECTIONS AB To study the involvement of the septohippocampal pathway in colchicine-induced changes in the hippocampus, colchicine was used to lesion the septum and/or hippocampus of male, Fischer-344 rats. Rats were killed 12 weeks post-lesion and histochemical and biochemical measurements were performed. [H-3]-QNB binding, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and agonist-stimulated release of inositol phosphates (IPs) were measured in hippocampal slices. AChE histochemistry was also performed to visualize AChE positive fibers in the hippocampus. Increases in ChAT activity, AChE staining and carbachol-stimulated IP release observed in hippocampal-lesioned animals were attenuated in animals receiving both septal and hippocampal lesions. However, the decrease observed in [H-3]-QNB binding sites after intradentate colchicine was not affected by septal lesions. Subsequent studies also found enhanced sensitivity to excitatory amino acid (EAA)-stimulated IP release in hippocampal-lesioned animals. Similar to the changes observed in carbachol-stimulated PI hydrolysis, this increase was also long-lasting. However, the hyperstimulation of EAA-induced IP release was not attenuated by the septal lesion. Thus, it appears that the neurochemical and morphological changes observed in the hippocampus following intradentate colchicine are dependent upon more than one afferent projection to the hippocampus. (C) 1993 Intox Press, Inc. C1 MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27711 USA. NCTR, DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NIEHS, MOLEC & INTEGRAT NEUROSCI LAB, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X EI 1872-9711 J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD SPR PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 41 EP 50 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA LK375 UT WOS:A1993LK37500008 PM 8361677 ER PT J AU ALI, SF NEWPORT, GD SCALLET, AC BINIENDA, Z FERGUSON, SA BAILEY, JR PAULE, MG SLIKKER, W AF ALI, SF NEWPORT, GD SCALLET, AC BINIENDA, Z FERGUSON, SA BAILEY, JR PAULE, MG SLIKKER, W TI ORAL-ADMINISTRATION OF 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA) PRODUCES SELECTIVE SEROTONERGIC DEPLETION IN THE NONHUMAN PRIMATE SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA); NONHUMAN PRIMATE; MONKEY; SEROTONIN; 5-HIAA; MACACA MULATTA; HOME CAGE BEHAVIOR ID METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE MDMA; BEHAVIOR; MONKEYS; ECSTASY; NEURONS; RAT AB MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) has been reported to produce serotonergic depletion in nonhuman primates at doses as low as 2.5 mg/kg (1-2 times the typical human dose). The current study evaluated the dose-response relationships of MDMA (1.25-20.0 mg/kg) using regional concentrations of serotonin (5-HT) and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and home cage behavior as endpoints. Adult female rhesus monkeys (n = 16) were treated orally with 0, 1.25, 2.5, or 20.0 mg/kg MDMA twice daily for 4 consecutive days. Eighteen behaviors were measured in the home cage prior to, during, and after MDMA treatment. One month after the last dose, the animals were sacrificed and brains dissected into several regions for neurochemical analyses. 5-HT and 5-HIAA were analyzed via HPLC/EC. The lower doses of MDMA (1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg) did not significantly alter 5-HT or 5-HIAA concentrations in any brain region except hippocampus in which 5-HT concentrations were decreased after 2.5 mg/kg. MDMA at 20.0 mg/kg significantly decreased 5-HT and 5-HIAA concentrations in several cortical and midbrain structures. However, 5-HT and 5-HIAA concentrations in brain stem and hypothalamus were not significantly altered after any dose of MDMA. Combined with previous data from this laboratory, these results indicate that the decreased concentrations of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in selected brain regions show a selective dose-response relationship for MDMA-induced neurotoxicity as measured by serotonergic depletion in the nonhuman primate. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP ALI, SF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NEUROCHEM LAB,NCTR DR,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 21 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 15 IS 2 BP 91 EP 96 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(93)90067-X PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA KZ131 UT WOS:A1993KZ13100003 PM 7685472 ER PT J AU HALL, CB GRANOFF, DM GROMISCH, DS HALSEY, NA KOHL, S MARCUSE, EK MARKS, MI NANKERVIS, GA PICKERING, LK SCOTT, GB STEELE, RW YOGEV, R PETER, G BART, KJ BROOME, C HARDEGREE, MC JACOBS, RF MACDONALD, NE ORENSTEIN, WA RABINOVICH, G AF HALL, CB GRANOFF, DM GROMISCH, DS HALSEY, NA KOHL, S MARCUSE, EK MARKS, MI NANKERVIS, GA PICKERING, LK SCOTT, GB STEELE, RW YOGEV, R PETER, G BART, KJ BROOME, C HARDEGREE, MC JACOBS, RF MACDONALD, NE ORENSTEIN, WA RABINOVICH, G TI THE USE OF ORAL ACYCLOVIR IN OTHERWISE HEALTHY-CHILDREN WITH VARICELLA SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; ZOSTER VIRUS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; CHICKENPOX; COMPLICATIONS; INFECTION; RESISTANT; THERAPY; IMPACT C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Steele, Russell/A-6075-2011 NR 22 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 1993 VL 91 IS 3 BP 674 EP 676 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA KP638 UT WOS:A1993KP63800034 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP ELKINS, JS WILLIAMS, RL AF SHAH, VP ELKINS, JS WILLIAMS, RL TI IN-VITRO DRUG-RELEASE MEASUREMENT FOR TOPICAL GLUCOCORTICOID CREAMS SO PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM LA English DT Article ID DOSAGE FORMS; DIFFUSION CELL; HYDROCORTISONE; RATES RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF GENER DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU US PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION PI ROCKVILLE PA 12601 TWINBROOK PKWY, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 SN 0363-4655 J9 PHARMACOPEIAL FORUM JI Pharmacop. Forum PD MAR-APR PY 1993 VL 19 IS 2 BP 5048 EP 5060 PG 13 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MD845 UT WOS:A1993MD84500003 ER PT J AU GREEN, S ONEILL, R DEMETS, D WITTES BUYSE MEIER BROWN POCOCK TEMPLE ARMITAGE YUSUF FRIEDEWALD, W MEINERT SIMON AF GREEN, S ONEILL, R DEMETS, D WITTES BUYSE MEIER BROWN POCOCK TEMPLE ARMITAGE YUSUF FRIEDEWALD, W MEINERT SIMON TI MONITORING CLINICAL-TRIALS - EXPERIENCE OF, AND PROPOSALS UNDER CONSIDERATION BY THE CANCER-THERAPY-COMMITTEE OF THE BRITISH-MEDICAL-RESEARCH-COUNCIL - THE USE OF DATA MONITORING COMMITTEES IN CANADIAN TRIAL GROUPS - INTERIM ANALYSES, STOPPING RULES AND DATA MONITORING IN CLINICAL-TRIALS IN EUROPE - DISCUSSION SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Discussion C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,PARKLAWN BLDG,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV LONDON LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED,MED STAT UNIT,LONDON WC1E 7HT,ENGLAND. STAT COLLABERAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20036. INT INST DRUG DEV,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. NCI,BIOMETR RES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Friedewald, William/C-8034-2011 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 12 IS 5-6 BP 521 EP 525 PG 5 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA KX071 UT WOS:A1993KX07100017 ER PT J AU YUSUF WHITLEY, R ASSENZO, R FLEMING, T DEYKIN HAWKINS, B MEIER GENT TOGNONI ELLENBERG, J WITTES ARMITAGE MONSEES, D GREEN SIMON BOISSEL, JP BRISTOW, D MEINERT POCOCK WILLIAMS TOGNONI HARTMAN, A TEMPLE ASSENZO ELLENBERG, S GELLER, N TAYLOR, W BRISTOW PAPERMASTER, B ROCKHOLD DIXON, D AF YUSUF WHITLEY, R ASSENZO, R FLEMING, T DEYKIN HAWKINS, B MEIER GENT TOGNONI ELLENBERG, J WITTES ARMITAGE MONSEES, D GREEN SIMON BOISSEL, JP BRISTOW, D MEINERT POCOCK WILLIAMS TOGNONI HARTMAN, A TEMPLE ASSENZO ELLENBERG, S GELLER, N TAYLOR, W BRISTOW PAPERMASTER, B ROCKHOLD DIXON, D TI THE OPERATION OF DATA MONITORING COMMITTEES - DISCUSSION SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Discussion C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT BIOSTAT,SEATTLE,WA 98195. STAT COLLABORAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20036. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR,SW ONCOL GRP,SEATTLE,WA 98104. MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,BIOSTAT & RES DATA SYST,W POINT,PA 19486. US FDA,CBER,OELPS,DIV BIOSTAT & EPIDEMIOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20892. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP YUSUF (reprint author), NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 12 IS 5-6 BP 527 EP 542 PG 16 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA KX071 UT WOS:A1993KX07100018 ER PT J AU SIMON, R ARMITAGE HARRINGTON BRISTOW, D WALKER, M GENT, M ARMITAGE ELLENBERG, S PROSCHAN, M FRIEDEWALD, W POCOCK, S TOGNONI FRIEDEWALD FREEDMAN, L BOISSEL, JP POCOCK PATER, J HERSON GREEN, S GAIL, M GEHAN, E BUYSE MYERS, M AF SIMON, R ARMITAGE HARRINGTON BRISTOW, D WALKER, M GENT, M ARMITAGE ELLENBERG, S PROSCHAN, M FRIEDEWALD, W POCOCK, S TOGNONI FRIEDEWALD FREEDMAN, L BOISSEL, JP POCOCK PATER, J HERSON GREEN, S GAIL, M GEHAN, E BUYSE MYERS, M TI SCIENTIFIC ISSUES IN DATA MONITORING - DISCUSSION SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Discussion C1 UNIV LONDON LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED,MED STAT UNIT,LONDON WC1E 7HT,ENGLAND. UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT BIOMATH,HOUSTON,TX 77030. US FDA,CBER,OELPS,DIV BIOSTAT & EPIDEMIOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SIMON, R (reprint author), NCI,BIOMETR RES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 12 IS 5-6 BP 583 EP 600 PG 18 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA KX071 UT WOS:A1993KX07100027 ER PT J AU ONEILL, RT AF ONEILL, RT TI SOME FDA PERSPECTIVES ON DATA MONITORING IN CLINICAL-TRIALS IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTERIM ANALYSIS AB The FDA's interest in data monitoring of clinical trials derives from its public health responsibility to assure the safety and efficacy of new drugs based on evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies. Therefore the FDA is concerned that clinical trials of new drugs are designed and carried out in a manner that will insure the integrity and validity of study inferences. The FDA regulation and guidelines recognize the role of data monitoring and the variety and diversity of situations utilizing a data monitoring process in clinical studies. This paper describes relevant aspects of the regulations and guidelines, some concerns the FDA has with regard to monitoring of both government- and industry-sponsored trials and the consequences of early termination of trials of new drugs in the investigational and marketed stages. Comments include advice on communication between the FDA and data monitoring committees. RP ONEILL, RT (reprint author), US FDA, CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES, OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT, PARKLAWN BLDG, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-6715 EI 1097-0258 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 12 IS 5-6 BP 601 EP 608 DI 10.1002/sim.4780120529 PG 8 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA KX071 UT WOS:A1993KX07100028 PM 8493434 ER PT J AU MEIER ONEILL POCOCK HERSON YUSUF BLACKWELDER, W ZUCKER, D FEIGAL, D AF MEIER ONEILL POCOCK HERSON YUSUF BLACKWELDER, W ZUCKER, D FEIGAL, D TI SOME FDA PERSPECTIVES ON DATA MONITORING IN CLINICAL-TRIALS IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT - DISCUSSION SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Discussion C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,PARKLAWN BLDG,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV LONDON LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED,MED STAT UNIT,LONDON WC1E 7HT,ENGLAND. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 12 IS 5-6 BP 609 EP 614 PG 6 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA KX071 UT WOS:A1993KX07100029 ER PT J AU WEISMAN, Y CASSORLA, F MALOZOWSKI, S KRIEG, RJ GOLDRAY, D KAYE, AM SOMJEN, D AF WEISMAN, Y CASSORLA, F MALOZOWSKI, S KRIEG, RJ GOLDRAY, D KAYE, AM SOMJEN, D TI SEX-SPECIFIC RESPONSE OF BONE-CELLS TO GONADAL-STEROIDS - MODULATION IN PERINATALLY ANDROGENIZED FEMALES AND IN TESTICULAR FEMINIZED MALE-RATS SO STEROIDS LA English DT Article DE GONADAL STEROIDS; DIAPHYSEAL BONE; CALVARIA CELLS; ANDROGENIZED FEMALE RATS; TESTICULAR FEMINIZED MALE RATS; ESTRADIOL; DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE; SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION ID GROWTH-HORMONE SECRETION; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; CREATINE-KINASE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; ESTROGEN-RECEPTORS; DNA-SYNTHESIS; PROLIFERATION; PROTEIN; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; IDENTIFICATION AB We have found previously that rat diaphyseal bone in vivo, as well as rat embryo calvaria cells in culture, show a sex-specific response to gonadal steroids in stimulation of creatine kinase (CK)-specific activity, and the rate of [H-3]thymidine incorporation into DNA; male-derived cells responded only to testosterone or to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), whereas female-derived cells were stimulated exclusively by estradiol (E2). In this study, we tested whether developmental hormone manipulation could alter this sex specificity. We showed that diaphyseal bone of prenatally or neonatally androgenized female rats responds to a single injection of either E2 (5 mug/rat) or DHT (50 mug/rat) at 3-4 weeks postandrogenization. This response of androgenized female diaphyseal bone to androgen gradually declines; 3 months posttreatment, diaphyseal bone no longer responds to DHT and reverts to its original sex specificity. Rat embryo calvaria cell cultures prepared from female fetuses androgenized in utero showed the same lack of hormonal specificity, that is, the cells responded to both E2 (30 nM) or DHT (300 nM). Cells derived from the male siblings of the prenatally androgenized rats were not affected and responded only to DHT. In contrast to experiments in utero, in vitro administration of testosterone (1 muM) or E2 (1 muM) to calvaria cells from female embryos failed to cause the cells to respond to DHT. Androgen receptor-deficient (Tfm) male rats, which have approximately 10% of the normal response to androgens, also showed a response to both testosterone and E2 in comparison to their normal male siblings, whose bones responded only to androgens. Estrogen injection into Tfm males resulted in as large an increase in the specific activity of CK as found after DHT injection. These results suggest that during development the receptor-mediated pathway of response to both androgens and estrogens exists in the bones of both sexes. However, the sex-specific response to sex steroid hormones by diaphyseal bone appears to depend on both prior and continuing exposure to the dominant sex steroid in each sex. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,ICHILOV HOSP,SACKLER FAC MED,ENDOCRINE UNIT,TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. TEL AVIV UNIV,ICHILOV HOSP,SACKLER FAC MED,DEPT GERIATR B,TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. NICHHD,DEV ENDOCRINOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV METAB & ENDOCRINE DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,DEPT ANAT,RICHMOND,VA 23298. WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT HORMONE RES,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RP WEISMAN, Y (reprint author), TEL AVIV UNIV,ICHILOV HOSP,SACKLER FAC MED,BONE DIS UNIT,6 WEIZMANN ST,IL-64239 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. NR 36 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0039-128X J9 STEROIDS JI Steroids PD MAR PY 1993 VL 58 IS 3 BP 126 EP 133 DI 10.1016/0039-128X(93)90049-S PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA KU168 UT WOS:A1993KU16800006 PM 8475517 ER PT J AU KIMMEL, CA CUFF, JM KIMMEL, GL HEREDIA, DJ TUDOR, N SILVERMAN, PM CHEN, J AF KIMMEL, CA CUFF, JM KIMMEL, GL HEREDIA, DJ TUDOR, N SILVERMAN, PM CHEN, J TI SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT FOLLOWING HEAT EXPOSURE IN THE RAT SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; MATERNAL HYPERTHERMIA; SEGMENTAL ANOMALIES; DEVELOPMENT INVITRO; CHICK-EMBRYO; SHOCK; MICE; THERMOTOLERANCE; MALFORMATIONS; PROPORTIONS AB The effects of gestation day (GD) 10 heat exposure in the rat were studied to determine the temperature-response relationship for the induction of skeletal and other defects. Conscious pregnant rats (Experiment 1) were exposed to various temperatures in a warm air chamber. Body temperature was measured using a rectal probe, and these measurements were confirmed as representing core body temperature in separate animals using telemetric procedures. Those animals whose core body temperature was raised to 41-41.9-degrees-C had over 90% malformed pups (examined at postnatal day (PND) 3), and a 25% reduction in the percent of live pups per litter. Animals whose temperature was raised to 39.2-40.9-degrees-C had a low incidence of pups with similar types of malformations. The primary types of malformations were of the axial skeleton, consisting of fusions and other abnormalities of the ribs and vertebral elements, and a decrease in the total number of ribs and centra. The acute maternal effects of these temperature increases were signs of heat exhaustion during and 1-2 hr after exposure, but there were no permanent changes in weight gain or other signs. When temperatures were raised to greater-than-or-equal-to 42-degrees-C, all maternal animals died. In a second study (Experiment 2), pregnant rats (from a different supplier) were anesthetized to determine the effect of reducing maternal stress and were exposed to heat as in Experiment 1. Those animals whose core body temperature was raised to 42-42.5-degrees-C for 5 min had pups with similar responses to those in Experiment 1 at 41-41.9-degrees-C, although the reduction in litter size was not as great. Animals whose temperature was raised to 41-degrees-C had a much lower incidence of pups with similar defects, and animals whose temperature was raised to 43-degrees-C did not survive. A more detailed analysis of the skeletal defects in Experiment 2 showed rib and vertebral malformations that appear to be related to the stage of somite development at the time of exposure. C1 THIEL COLL,DEPT BIOL,GRENNVILLE,PA 16125. BIOCON INC,DIV LIFE SCI,HLTH SCI BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV BIOMETR SCI,STAT BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP KIMMEL, CA (reprint author), US EPA,DHEA,ORD,HUMAN HLTH ASSESSMENT GRP,REPROD & DEV TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20460, USA. NR 47 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD MAR PY 1993 VL 47 IS 3 BP 229 EP 242 DI 10.1002/tera.1420470307 PG 14 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA KU804 UT WOS:A1993KU80400006 PM 8475466 ER PT J AU KIMMEL, GL CUFF, JM KIMMEL, CA HEREDIA, DJ TUDOR, N SILVERMAN, PM AF KIMMEL, GL CUFF, JM KIMMEL, CA HEREDIA, DJ TUDOR, N SILVERMAN, PM TI EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT INVITRO FOLLOWING SHORT-DURATION EXPOSURE TO HEAT SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT EMBRYOS; HYPERTHERMIA; SHOCK; THERMOTOLERANCE; CULTURE; GROWTH AB Gestation day (GD) 10 rat embryos (10-12 somites) were exposed in vitro for 10 to 25 minutes at 42 or 43-degrees-C and evaluated 24 hrs later for alterations in growth and specific morphological parameters, using a modified Brown-Fabro (Brown and Fabro: Teratology, 24:65-78,'81) scoring system that allowed evaluation of development relative to gestational age. At 42-degrees-C, crown-rump length appeared to be particularly sensitive, responding to only 10 mins exposure. A 15-min exposure resulted in decreased total protein, somite number and morphological score. No system was uniquely sensitive, since all parameters demonstrated some degree of response. Rather, systems affected were those that would be developing most rapidly at this time in gestation. At 43-degrees-C, all of the parameters measured were affected by a 10-min exposure. These results demonstrate alterations in vitro after much shorter exposure periods than previously reported on GD10, which may be due, in part, to the use of a modified scoring system that permitted the evaluation of graded individual end point changes relative to gestational age. The response patterns demonstrated a clear temperature- and exposure duration-dependency, with a shift from a more shallow duration-response curve to a more dramatic inhibition of development as temperature increased from 42-degrees-C to 43-degrees-C. C1 THIEL COLL,DEPT BIOL,GREENVILLE,PA 16125. BIOCON INC,DIV LIFE SCI,HLTH SCI BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV BIOMETR SCI,STAT BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP KIMMEL, GL (reprint author), US EPA,OHEA,ORD,HUMAN HLTH ASSESSMENT GRP,REPROD & DEV TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20460, USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD MAR PY 1993 VL 47 IS 3 BP 243 EP 251 DI 10.1002/tera.1420470308 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA KU804 UT WOS:A1993KU80400007 PM 8475467 ER PT J AU FARRIS, FF DEDRICK, RL ALLEN, PV SMITH, JC AF FARRIS, FF DEDRICK, RL ALLEN, PV SMITH, JC TI PHYSIOLOGICAL MODEL FOR THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF METHYL MERCURY IN THE GROWING RAT SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INORGANIC MERCURY; BILIARY-EXCRETION; METHYLMERCURY SECRETION; GLUTATHIONE; TRANSPORT; CHLORIDE; BIOTRANSFORMATION; MOUSE; BRAIN; DEPENDENCE C1 NIH,NATL CTR RES RESOURCES,BIOMED ENGN & INSTRUMENTAT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV ROCHESTER,SCH MED,ENVIRONM HLTH SCI CTR,ROCHESTER,NY 14620. RP FARRIS, FF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,4 RES COURT,ROOM 314,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-01247, ES-01248] NR 79 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD MAR PY 1993 VL 119 IS 1 BP 74 EP 90 DI 10.1006/taap.1993.1046 PG 17 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KR292 UT WOS:A1993KR29200010 PM 8470126 ER PT J AU BERKOWITZ, DB AF BERKOWITZ, DB TI SMITTEN BY QUAIL SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP BERKOWITZ, DB (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD FEB 26 PY 1993 VL 259 IS 5099 BP 1238 EP 1239 DI 10.1126/science.8446889 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KN883 UT WOS:A1993KN88300003 PM 8446889 ER PT J AU LABORDA, J SAUSVILLE, EA HOFFMAN, T NOTARIO, V AF LABORDA, J SAUSVILLE, EA HOFFMAN, T NOTARIO, V TI DLK, A PUTATIVE MAMMALIAN HOMEOTIC GENE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED IN SMALL-CELL LUNG-CARCINOMA AND NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR-CELL LINE SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; BLOOD-COAGULATION; SEQUENCE; NOTCH; PROTEINS; DELTA; ENCODES; CANCER; IDENTIFICATION AB Gastrin releasing peptide is mitogenic for mouse Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts and certain human small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cells but not for mouse Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts. To identify new molecules associated with the gastrin releasing peptide-responsive phenotype, clones isolated from a differential cDNA library between Swiss and Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts were used to screen for their expression in human SCLC cell lines. Using this approach, we have isolated and characterized human and mouse cDNA clones encoding a novel protein. This protein is a putative transmembrane protein belonging to the epidermal growth factor-like superfamily. In vitro transcription and translation studies detect a 42-kDa protein, in agreement with the size predicted from the translated cDNA sequence. This protein (termed Delta-like or dlk) is highly homologous to invertebrate homeotic proteins, including Delta, and Notch, the products of neurogenic loci involved in normal neural differentiation in Drosophila. dlk is expressed in tumors with neuroendocrine features, such as neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and a subset of SCLC cell lines. However, its expression in normal tissues is restricted to the adrenal gland and placenta. These data suggest that dlk may be involved in neuroendocrine differentiation and, because of its cellular location and restricted expression in normal tissues, it may be a potential therapeutic target in neuroendocrine tumors, particularly SCLC. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT MED,DIV MED ONCOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. GEORGETOWN UNIV,LOMBARDI CANC CTR,DEPT RADIAT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. RI Laborda, Jorge/L-5726-2014 OI Laborda, Jorge/0000-0002-9210-838X NR 33 TC 172 Z9 181 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 25 PY 1993 VL 268 IS 6 BP 3817 EP 3820 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA KN533 UT WOS:A1993KN53300006 PM 8095043 ER PT J AU NAIR, J ROUSE, D MORRIS, S AF NAIR, J ROUSE, D MORRIS, S TI NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF THE RIBOSOMAL S12 GENE OF MYCOBACTERIUM-INTRACELLULARE SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Note ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STREPTOMYCIN; PROTEIN; OPERON C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MYCOBACTERIA LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD FEB 25 PY 1993 VL 21 IS 4 BP 1039 EP 1039 DI 10.1093/nar/21.4.1039 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA KR189 UT WOS:A1993KR18900038 PM 8451173 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW FOOD LABEL TO ENHANCE HEALTHFUL DIETS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 24 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 8 BP 974 EP 974 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KM603 UT WOS:A1993KM60300005 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI TREATMENT IND FOR MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS DRUG SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 24 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 8 BP 974 EP 974 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KM603 UT WOS:A1993KM60300003 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PROPOSAL FOR SUBMISSION OF DATA ON SALINE-FILLED BREAST IMPLANTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 24 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 8 BP 974 EP 974 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KM603 UT WOS:A1993KM60300004 ER PT J AU BETZ, J OBERMEYER, W AF BETZ, J OBERMEYER, W TI EFFECTS OF PROCESSING ON THE GLUCOSINOLATE CONTENT OF BROCCOLI (BRASSICA-OLERACEA VAR BOTRYTIS-L SUBVAR CYMOSA LAM) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A863 EP A863 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501977 ER PT J AU BLAKELY, SR MISLO, BL BROWN, ED JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV AF BLAKELY, SR MISLO, BL BROWN, ED JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV TI GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE INDUCTION OF HEPATIC DETOXIFICATION ENZYMES IN GARLIC-FED HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC OR IRON-LOADED MATURE RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A864 EP A864 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501983 ER PT J AU CALVEY, EM ROACH, JAG AF CALVEY, EM ROACH, JAG TI THE USE OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUID TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ANALYSIS OF GARLIC PRODUCTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A863 EP A863 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501981 ER PT J AU CASSIDY, MM SATCHITHANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ KLURFELD, D AF CASSIDY, MM SATCHITHANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ KLURFELD, D TI MODULATION OF THE COLONIC GOBLET CELL-POPULATION BY CHRONIC FEEDING OF CELLULOSE OR RICE BRAN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A814 EP A814 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501693 ER PT J AU CHANDERBHAN, R BROCKINGTON, R WHITTAKER, P AF CHANDERBHAN, R BROCKINGTON, R WHITTAKER, P TI EFFECT OF DIETARY GARLIC EXTRACT ON BLOOD-LIPIDS IN THE RAT SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A864 EP A864 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501982 ER PT J AU DEFELICE, A FEIN, S DAUDISS, K FRERING, R HORAN, P AF DEFELICE, A FEIN, S DAUDISS, K FRERING, R HORAN, P TI ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY OF AORTIC REGURGITANT (AR) RABBITS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNION UNIV,ALBANY,NY 12208. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A752 EP A752 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501336 ER PT J AU ELLWOOD, KC ROEBUCK, BD LYNCOOK, B HATHCOCK, JN AF ELLWOOD, KC ROEBUCK, BD LYNCOOK, B HATHCOCK, JN TI EFFECTS OF SOYBEAN TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR CONCENTRATE AND ZINC ON PANCREATIC CARCINOGENESIS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DARTMOUTH COLL,HITCHCOCK MED CTR,DARTMOUTH MED SCH,HANOVER,NH 03756. US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NCTR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A734 EP A734 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501234 ER PT J AU HERMAN, EH ZHANG, J CHADWICK, DP FERRANS, VJ GREEN, MD AF HERMAN, EH ZHANG, J CHADWICK, DP FERRANS, VJ GREEN, MD TI THE ANTIVIRAL DRUG FIAC CAUSES MYOCARDIAL ALTERATIONS IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A683 EP A683 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97500946 ER PT J AU LATHERS, CM CHARLES, JB AF LATHERS, CM CHARLES, JB TI ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION IN PATIENTS, BED REST SUBJECTS, AND ASTRONAUTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NASA,LYNDON B JOHNSON SPACE CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77058. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A666 EP A666 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97500851 ER PT J AU OBERMEYER, WR WARNER, C CASEY, RE MUSSER, S AF OBERMEYER, WR WARNER, C CASEY, RE MUSSER, S TI FLAXSEED LIGNANS - ISOLATION, METABOLISM AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A863 EP A863 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501980 ER PT J AU RHEE, HM LEE, SM CHARAIS, J PARK, DH AF RHEE, HM LEE, SM CHARAIS, J PARK, DH TI EFFECTS OF NALOXONE AND NALOXONE METHOBROMIDE (NM) ON TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE (TH), DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE (DBH) AND PHENYLETHANOLAMINE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE (PNMT) ACTIVITIES IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY (SD) AND SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE (SH) RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. CORNELL UNIV,MED CTR,COLL MED,BURKE REHABIL CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A748 EP A748 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501312 ER PT J AU SATCHITHANANDAM, S WIESENFELD, P CHANDERBAHN, R CALVERT, RJ KLURFELD, D AF SATCHITHANANDAM, S WIESENFELD, P CHANDERBAHN, R CALVERT, RJ KLURFELD, D TI EFFECT OF FEEDING SESAME OIL ON LIVER WEIGHT, LIVER CHOLESTEROL AND LIVER TRIGLYCERIDES IN RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD. WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A799 EP A799 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501612 ER PT J AU SUNDARESAN, PR AF SUNDARESAN, PR TI INFLUENCE OF DIETARY GARLIC ON VITAMIN-A STATUS IN WEANLING SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A864 EP A864 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501985 ER PT J AU VICK, J CHADWICK, D SCOTT, R HERMAN, E AF VICK, J CHADWICK, D SCOTT, R HERMAN, E TI EFFECT OF PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE ON BLOOD-PRESSURE AND WEIGHT CHANGE SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A635 EP A635 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97500671 ER PT J AU WIESENFELD, P CHANDERBHAN, R WHITTAKER, P AF WIESENFELD, P CHANDERBHAN, R WHITTAKER, P TI BLOOD PARAMETERS AND FE STATUS IN RATS FED DIETARY GARLIC EXTRACT AND NIACIN SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A743 EP A743 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501282 ER PT J AU ZHANG, J HERMAN, EH FERRANS, VJ AF ZHANG, J HERMAN, EH FERRANS, VJ TI THE EFFECT OF ICRF-186 ON CARDIAC IMMUNE-RESPONSES AND MYOCYTE ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY DOXORUBICIN (DXR) IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS (SHR) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A685 EP A685 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97500959 ER PT J AU BABU, U JENKINS, MY AF BABU, U JENKINS, MY TI IMPACT OF FLAXSEED ON MITOGENIC RESPONSE OF SPLENOCYTES FROM YOUNG MALE AND FEMALE RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A73 EP A73 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97400418 ER PT J AU JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR AF JENKINS, MY MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR TI DIETARY FLAXSEED (GFL) ALTERS ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL LEVELS BUT NOT SELECTED DETOXIFICATION ENZYME-ACTIVITY IN YOUNG-RATS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A286 EP A286 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97401657 ER PT J AU KAUP, SM HIGHT, SC RADER, JI AF KAUP, SM HIGHT, SC RADER, JI TI RESPONSE OF CALCIUM (CA), MAGNESIUM (MG) AND PHOSPHORUS (P) STATUS IN IMMATURE FEMALE AND MALE-RATS TO DIETARY FLAXSEED SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A88 EP A88 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97400504 ER PT J AU KIMBALL, RW SPURLOCK, SL VICK, J AF KIMBALL, RW SPURLOCK, SL VICK, J TI MODIFICATION OF HUMAN AND EQUINE PHAGOCYTIC-ACTIVITY BY CALCIUM-CHANNEL ANTAGONISTS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A474 EP A474 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97402743 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, G SUNDARESAN, P JENKINS, M GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, S AF MITCHELL, G SUNDARESAN, P JENKINS, M GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, S TI ALTERATIONS IN VITAMIN-A AND VITAMIN-E STATUS OF MALE AND FEMALE RATS FED HIGH DIETARY NICOTINIC-ACID (NA) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A304 EP A304 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97401758 ER PT J AU ROSS, IA IKEDA, GJ CHIRTEL, SJ AF ROSS, IA IKEDA, GJ CHIRTEL, SJ TI EVALUATION OF A NONINVASIVE METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR PARAMETERS IN UNANESTHETIZED DOGS SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CFSAN,DIV TOXICOL RES,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A251 EP A251 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97401452 ER PT J AU VARRICCHIO, F OBIRI, NI HAAS, GP PURI, RK AF VARRICCHIO, F OBIRI, NI HAAS, GP PURI, RK TI IMMUNOSTAINING OF INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS ON HUMAN RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DETROIT,MI 48202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A267 EP A267 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97401544 ER PT J AU WHITTAKER, P CHANDERBHAN, R AF WHITTAKER, P CHANDERBHAN, R TI EFFECT OF INCREASING IRON SUPPLEMENTATION ON SERUM FREE FATTY-ACIDS, PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND CHOLESTEROL SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 FDA,DIV NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 3 BP A297 EP A297 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP974 UT WOS:A1993KP97401720 ER PT J AU LIN, LA AF LIN, LA TI DETECTION OF ALKALOIDS IN FOODS WITH A MULTIDETECTOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS IONIC ELUENTS; BASIC DRUGS AB A general screening method for alkaloid drugs in foods is described based on high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at three wavelengths, followed by fluorescence and electrochemical detectors in series. The chromatographic conditions include an ion-pairing reagent, which makes it possible to chromatograph acidic and basic drugs with one screen. Relative response ratios were determined from the peak areas of the alkaloids on the basis of all the detector signals. These ratios were used to create a ''fingerprint'' of the drugs and to predict the identity of an unknown component in a sample matrix. The fluorescence and electrochemical detectors allowed a detection limit for many of the alkaloids which would not be attainable with the ultraviolet detector alone. Typical detection limits with the electrochemical detector were 5-50 ng/ml and with the fluorescence detector 5-500 ng/ml, while the ultraviolet detector had detection limits of 1-20 mug/ml. The spiking concentrations in the relative response ratio experiments were approximately five times above the lowest detection limit. The extraction method investigated for orange juice yielded recoveries for most alkaloids of 80-100%. A stability study of ergot alkaloids in various food matrices demonstrated degradation, depending on the matrix, temperature, and duration of the experiment. RP LIN, LA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR NATL FORENS CHEM,1141 CENT PKWY,CINCINNATI,OH 45202, USA. NR 5 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD FEB 19 PY 1993 VL 632 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 78 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(93)80027-6 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KN834 UT WOS:A1993KN83400009 PM 8454720 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI AF MILLER, HI TI FOODS OF THE FUTURE - THE NEW BIOTECHNOLOGY AND FDA REGULATION SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 17 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 7 BP 910 EP 912 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KL474 UT WOS:A1993KL47400031 PM 8426451 ER PT J AU YOKOZAKI, H BUDILLON, A TORTORA, G MEISSNER, S BEAUCAGE, SL MIKI, K CHOCHUNG, YS AF YOKOZAKI, H BUDILLON, A TORTORA, G MEISSNER, S BEAUCAGE, SL MIKI, K CHOCHUNG, YS TI AN ANTISENSE OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE THAT DEPLETES RI-ALPHA SUBUNIT OF CYCLIC AMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE INDUCES GROWTH-INHIBITION IN HUMAN CANCER-CELLS SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID I REGULATORY SUBUNIT; AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; RECEPTOR PROTEINS; GENE-EXPRESSION; HL-60 LEUKEMIA; MESSENGER-RNA; HUMAN TESTIS; DIFFERENTIATION; CDNA AB Enhanced expression of the RI(alpha) subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase type I has been correlated with cancer cell growth. We provide evidence that RI(alpha) is a growth-inducing protein that may be essential for neoplastic cell growth. Human colon, breast, and gastric carcinoma and neuroblastoma cell lines exposed to a 21-mer human RI(alpha) antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide (S-oligodeoxynucleotide) exhibited growth inhibition with no sign of cytotoxicity. Mismatched sequence (random) S-oligodeoxynucleotides of the same length exhibited no effect. The growth inhibitory effect of RI(alpha) antisense oligomer correlated with a decrease in the RI(alpha) mRNA and protein levels and with an increase in RII(beta) (the regulatory subunit of protein kinase type II) expression. The growth inhibition was abolished, however, when cells were exposed simultaneously to both RI(alpha) and RII(beta) antisense S-oligodeoxynucleotides. The RII(beta) antisense S-oligodeoxynucleotide alone, exhibiting suppression of RII(beta) along with enhancement of RI(alpha) expression, led to slight stimulation of cell growth. These results demonstrate that two isoforms of cyclic AMP receptor proteins, RI(alpha) and RII(beta), are reciprocally related in the growth control of cancer cells and that the RI(alpha) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide, which efficiently depletes the growth stimulatory RI(alpha), is a powerful biological tool toward suppression of malignancy. C1 NCI,CELLULAR IMMUNOL SECT,BLDG 10,ROOM 5B38,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,EXPTL ONCOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. TERUMO CO LTD,KANAGAWA,JAPAN. OI Budillon, Alfredo/0000-0002-6330-6053; Yokozaki, Hiroshi/0000-0001-5276-3331 NR 33 TC 87 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD FEB 15 PY 1993 VL 53 IS 4 BP 868 EP 872 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KL963 UT WOS:A1993KL96300031 PM 8428367 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, VG NICHOLLS, PJ HABIG, WH YOULE, RJ AF JOHNSON, VG NICHOLLS, PJ HABIG, WH YOULE, RJ TI THE ROLE OF PROLINE-345 IN DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN TRANSLOCATION SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PROLYL ISOMERASE; FRAGMENT-B; LOW PH; MEMBRANE TRANSLOCATION; PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION; OVERLAP EXTENSION; VERO CELLS; GENE AB Diphtheria toxin (DT) can translocate across endosomal membranes in response to low pH. Buried hydrophobic domains localized in the 37-kDa toxin B chain become exposed in response to acidic conditions and are thought to participate in the membrane translocation process. The crystal structure of DT has revealed a structurally distinct translocation domain composed of nine alpha-helices with their interconnecting loops (Choe, S., Bennett, M., Fujii, G., Curmi, P., Kantardjieff, K., Collier, R., and Eisenberg, D. (1992) Nature 357, 216-222). Two of these alpha-helices, TH8 and TH9, are unusually apolar and constitute the central core of the translocation domain. It has been proposed that these domains and the highly charged interconnecting loop undergo a conformation change under acidic conditions producing a dagger-like structure capable of inserting into the membrane thus initiating the translocation process. Proline 345 occupies a strategic location at the end of the TH8 alpha-helix. Proline residues have the ability to undergo a cis-trans isomerization reaction and because of this have been proposed to play a role in the conformational change that is a prerequisite for toxin translocation. The role of the proline at position 345 in membrane translocation was investigated. Pro was mutagenized to Glu and to Gly using a two-step recombinant polymerase chain reaction procedure, and the mutant proteins were expressed in vitro. Glu, an alpha-helix former, and Gly, an alpha-helix breaker, were selected for mutagenesis to distinguish between a structural role for Pro as an alpha-helix breaker and alternative roles, perhaps involving cistrans isomerization-related conformational changes. Replacing Pro at position 345 with Glu or Gly resulted in a 99% reduction in toxicity to Vero cells. The enzymatic and binding activity of the toxin were not altered by the mutations. Instead, the reduction in toxicity is due to decreased translocation ability, suggesting that the Pro at position 345 plays a specific role in toxin membrane translocation. C1 NINCDS,SURG NEUROL BRANCH,BIOCHEM SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP JOHNSON, VG (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,BLDG 29,RM 103,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 66 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 15 PY 1993 VL 268 IS 5 BP 3514 EP 3519 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA KM161 UT WOS:A1993KM16100076 PM 8429026 ER PT J AU HU, BL PAZ, JP ZHANG, YH AF HU, BL PAZ, JP ZHANG, YH TI QUANTUM BROWNIAN-MOTION IN A GENERAL ENVIRONMENT .2. NONLINEAR COUPLING AND PERTURBATIVE APPROACH SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PATH FUNCTIONAL FORMALISM; BACK-REACTION PROBLEMS; INTEGRAL APPROACH; CURVED SPACETIME; DISSIPATION; DECOHERENCE; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS AB We develop a perturbation scheme to treat the dynamics of a quantum Brownian particle (coordinate x) coupled nonlinearly to a bath of oscillators (coordinates q(n)) with an interaction action in the form lambdaf(x)q(n)k. We derive the influence functionals for the k = 2,3,4 cases to order lambda2 and derive the master equations for the special cases of local dissipation and white noise, as well as the general cases of nonlocal dissipation and colored noise for f(x) = x and x2. We show that a generalized fluctuation-dissipation relation exists between the lth-order noise kernels of the kth-order coupling and their corresponding dissipation kernels. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. US FDA,CBER,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20982. RP HU, BL (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,COLL PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008 NR 57 TC 199 Z9 199 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD FEB 15 PY 1993 VL 47 IS 4 BP 1576 EP 1594 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.47.1576 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA KN182 UT WOS:A1993KN18200036 ER PT J AU TURUJMAN, SA AF TURUJMAN, SA TI RAPID DIRECT RESOLUTION OF THE STEREOISOMERS OF ALL-TRANS ASTAXANTHIN ON A PIRKLE COVALENT L-LEUCINE COLUMN SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB Astaxanthin, 3,3'-dihydroxy-beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione, gives salmon flesh its distinctive color. Synthetic all-trans astaxanthin consists of a racemic mixture of two enantiomers (3R,3'R and 3S,3'S) and a meso form (3R,3'S). The stereoisomeric composition of endogenous astaxanthin in wild salmon differs from that of synthetic astaxanthin added to the fish feed of pond-bred salmon. In order to determine the origin of astaxanthin in salmon flesh, a method is needed that can distinguish the various isomeric forms. HPLC conditions are described for the rapid direct resolution of the three stereoisomers of all-trans astaxanthin on a Pirkle covalent L-leucine column. This method also partially resolves the stereoisomeric forms of the major cis isomer. RP TURUJMAN, SA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,HFF-445,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD FEB 12 PY 1993 VL 631 IS 1-2 BP 197 EP 199 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(93)80521-9 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KM847 UT WOS:A1993KM84700020 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, GR KANNAN, B SHOYAB, M STROMBERG, K AF JOHNSON, GR KANNAN, B SHOYAB, M STROMBERG, K TI AMPHIREGULIN INDUCES TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION OF THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR AND P185(ERBB2) - EVIDENCE THAT AMPHIREGULIN ACTS EXCLUSIVELY THROUGH THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR AT THE SURFACE OF HUMAN EPITHELIAL-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EGF-RECEPTOR; HUMAN-BREAST; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; KINASE-ACTIVITY; NEU ONCOGENE; A431 CELLS; PROTEIN; GENE; LINE AB The COOH-terminal half of the amphiregulin (AR) molecule has sequence homology to epidermal growth factor (EGF). The ability of AR to elicit in vivo phosphorylation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) and p185erbB2 was studied in four human epithelial cell lines which expressed either or both of the receptor tyrosine kinases. AR induced the phosphorylation of the EGFR and p185erbB2, and phosphoamino acid analysis revealed enhanced phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in both receptor proteins. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) which binds to the extracellular domain of the EGFR blocked the phosphorylation of the EGFR and p185erbB2 as well as AR-induced mitogenesis indicating that the EGFR mediated these responses. In MDA-MB-453 cells which lack EGFRs, AR did not induce phosphorylation of p185erbB2, did not affect proliferation, and had no detectable effect on the phosphorylation of cellular proteins isolated using an anti-phosphotyrosine mAb. Qualitatively, in vivo phosphorylations induced by AR and EGF were found to be indistinguishable as demonstrated by analysis of cellular P-32-labeled proteins isolated with the anti-phosphotyrosine mAb. Moreover, in the presence of the anti-EGFR mAb, AR had no effect on the proliferation of cells. These results provide strong evidence that the EGFR is the sole cell surface mediator of the action of AR in human epithelial cells. C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB,PHARMACEUT RES INST,SEATTLE,WA 98121. RP JOHNSON, GR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELL BIOL LAB,HFM-511,BLDG 29A,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 60 TC 127 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 5 PY 1993 VL 268 IS 4 BP 2924 EP 2931 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA KK815 UT WOS:A1993KK81500098 PM 7679104 ER PT J AU TRUCKSESS, MW AF TRUCKSESS, MW TI SEPARATION AND ISOLATION OF TRACE IMPURITIES IN L-TRYPTOPHAN BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME AB A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) profiling method was developed to separate trace impurities in L-tryptophan products associated with the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) epidemic. The test portion was dissolved in water, and the solution was filtered and chromatographed on a silica-based C18 reversed-phase HPLC column by using linear gradient elution with water and acetonitrile-water (80:20); both solvents contained 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid for ion-pairing. The method was used to profile 200 test samples from six manufacturers Of L-tryptophan. The method was modified to include the use of a C18 disposable cartridge to retain the 1,1'-ethylidenebis(L-tryptophan) (peak E, peak 97 or EBT). the impurity most strongly associated with EMS, and to remove the L-tryptophan before HPLC separation and quantitation. Recoveries of EBT added to test portions (2 mug/g and above) averaged 80%. RP TRUCKSESS, MW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM HFS-346,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD FEB 5 PY 1993 VL 630 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(93)80450-M PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KL947 UT WOS:A1993KL94700013 PM 8444999 ER PT J AU PATEL, M YANAGISHITA, M RODERIQUEZ, G BOUHABIB, DC ORAVECZ, T HASCALL, VC NORCROSS, MA AF PATEL, M YANAGISHITA, M RODERIQUEZ, G BOUHABIB, DC ORAVECZ, T HASCALL, VC NORCROSS, MA TI CELL-SURFACE HEPARAN-SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN MEDIATES HIV-1 INFECTION OF T-CELL LINES SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; HIGH-AFFINITY RECEPTOR; DEXTRAN SULFATE; SELECTIVE INHIBITORS; VIRION BINDING; POLYSACCHARIDES; INVITRO; POTENT; REPLICATION AB The role of cell-surface proteoglycans in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of T-cell lines was investigated. HIV-1-susceptible lymphoblastic T-cell lines, MT-4 and H9, were analyzed for proteoglycan synthesis and found to make heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Enzymatic treatment of these cells with heparitinase, but not chondroitinase, significantly prevented HIV-1(IIIB) infection as measured by inhibition of cytopathicity, reverse transcriptase production, and syncytia formation. Sulfation of glycosaminoglycans HS chains was critical to viral entry as shown by inhibition of viral infection with sodium chlorate and its specific reversal with exogenous sulfate addition. Quantitation of direct virus binding to cells showed that treatment of cells with heparitinase inhibited HIV-1 binding to the T-cell surface. Exogenous HS added to cultures inhibited virus infection in a manner analogous to dextran sulfate, further supporting a functional role for HS in HIV-1 binding. These results provide evidence for participation of cell-surface HS proteoglycans in HIV-cell attachment and virus entry. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,NIH BLDG 29A,ROOM 2D-20,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIDR,BONE RES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 23 TC 209 Z9 212 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 9 IS 2 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1089/aid.1993.9.167 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA KQ327 UT WOS:A1993KQ32700011 PM 8096145 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, C MOORE, RD GRODIN, DM SPYKER, DA GILL, EV AF WRIGHT, C MOORE, RD GRODIN, DM SPYKER, DA GILL, EV TI SCREENING FOR DISULFIRAM-INDUCED LIVER TEST DYSFUNCTION IN AN INPATIENT ALCOHOLISM PROGRAM SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DISULFIRAM; ANTABUSE; DISULFIRAM-ASSOCIATED LIVER TOXICITY; DISULFIRAM-ASSOCIATED FULMINANT HEPATITIS; DISULFIRAM-ASSOCIATED TRANSAMINITIS AB The objective of this study was to report the frequency of disulfiram-related elevations of four commonly used hepatic screening chemistries using a retrospective record review design. An inpatient alcoholism program was selected for the setting. Patients who had initial laboratory values within the normal range started daily supervised doses of disulfiram, then underwent follow-up testing after 2 and 4 weeks on the drug. The study population consisted of 108 patients receiving disulfiram and 27 patients who did not receive disulfiram (controls). The four screening serum chemistries performed were aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), alanine amino-transferase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Twenty-seven (25%) of the 108 patients who were taking 250 mg of disulfiram a day for 2 to 4 weeks had disulfiram-related elevations in alanine aminotransferase above the upper limit of normal, as opposed to one elevation in 27 patients (4%) for whom disulfiram was not prescribed. In the 108 patients (with initially normal serum chemistries) who were prescribed disulfiram, 32 were discontinued from the drug at 2 weeks and an additional 11 were discontinued from the drug at 4 weeks because of one or more abnormal serum chemistries. Alanine aminotransferase was the most specific and sensitive indicator of the four screening chemistries performed. C1 US PHS,FOOD & DRUG ADM,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,ROOM 9B-45,HFD-007,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV HLTH SCI,SCH MED,UNIFORMED SERV,BETHESDA,MD. NR 8 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD FEB PY 1993 VL 17 IS 1 BP 184 EP 186 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1993.tb00745.x PG 3 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA KP433 UT WOS:A1993KP43300028 PM 8383924 ER PT J AU COUIG, MP AF COUIG, MP TI THE NEW FOOD LABEL SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article RP COUIG, MP (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 93 IS 2 BP 68 EP 72 PG 5 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA KL166 UT WOS:A1993KL16600029 ER PT J AU DOMKOWSKI, PW MESSIER, RH CRESCENZO, DG ALY, HS ABDELFATTAH, AS HILBERT, SL WALLACE, RB HOPKINS, RA AF DOMKOWSKI, PW MESSIER, RH CRESCENZO, DG ALY, HS ABDELFATTAH, AS HILBERT, SL WALLACE, RB HOPKINS, RA TI PREIMPLANTATION ALTERATION OF ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDES IN CRYOPRESERVED HEART-VALVES SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID TERM FOLLOW-UP; CELLULAR VIABILITY; REPLACEMENT; ADENOSINE; TISSUE AB To assess the initial metabolic phase of cellular injury from cardiac valve processing, high-energy phosphate concentrations were analyzed in valve leaflets subsequent to critical processing steps. Using a porcine model, valves were processed in a manner identical to human homografts, with 58 randomly assigned to five groups representing distinct preparation phases. Group I (controls) sustained 40 minutes of warm ischemia concluded by liquid nitrogen immersion. Remaining groups similarly endured 40 minutes of ischemia, but were subsequently prepared according to stepwise design: II, warm ischemia + 24 hours of 4-degrees-C ischemia; III, warm ischemia + 24 hours of 4C antibiotic disinfection; IV, warm ischemia + 24 hours at 4-degrees-C (without antibiotics) + cryopreservation (-1-degrees-C/min cryoprotected freezing); and V, warm ischemia + disinfection + cryopreservation. At each regimen's conclusion leaflet extracts were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography for high-energy adenine nucleotides (adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, adenosine monophosphate) and catabolites. A 47% and 86% decrease in cellular adenosine triphosphate level was. observed in group III and group V leaflets, respectively. The level of total adenine nucleotides was maintained up to cryopreservation; thereafter a 74% decrease was noted. Catabolite analysis confirmed incomplete degradation of adenine nucleotides indicating cellular metabolic resilience throughout standard homograft preparation in valves previously exposed to 40 minutes of warm ischemia. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,3800 RESERVOIR RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,RICHMOND,VA 23298. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 55 IS 2 BP 413 EP 419 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA KK914 UT WOS:A1993KK91400020 PM 8431053 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, AC MICELI, GA LANDRY, WL CHRISTY, JB WATKINS, WD MORRIS, JG AF WRIGHT, AC MICELI, GA LANDRY, WL CHRISTY, JB WATKINS, WD MORRIS, JG TI RAPID IDENTIFICATION OF VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS ON NONSELECTIVE MEDIA WITH AN ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE-LABELED OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBE SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; UNITED-STATES; HEMOLYSIN GENE; INFECTIONS; FEATURES; OYSTERS AB An oligonucleotide DNA probe (VVAP) was constructed from a portion of the Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin gene (hlyA) sequence and labeled with alkaline phosphatase covalently linked to the DNA. Control and environmental isolates probed with VVAP showed an exact correlation with results obtained with a plasmid DNA probe (derived from pCVD702) previously described as having 100% specificity and sensitivity for this organism. Identification of V. vulnificus strains was confirmed independently by analysis of the cellular fatty acid composition and by API 20E. Naturally occurring V. vulnificus bacteria were detected without enrichment or selective media by VVAP in unseeded oyster homogenates and seawater collected from a single site in Chesapeake Bay during June at concentrations of 6 x 10(2) and 2 x 10(1) bacteria per ml, respectively. V. vulnificus bacteria were also enumerated by VVAP in oysters seeded with known concentrations of bacteria and plated on nonselective medium. The VVAP method provides a rapid, accurate means of identifying and enumerating V. vulnificus in seawater and oysters without the use of selective media or additional biochemical tests. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV GEOG MED,10 S PINE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,CTR VACCINE DEV,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. US FDA,N KINGSTOWN,RI 02852. US FDA,DALLAS,TX 75204. NR 25 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 59 IS 2 BP 541 EP 546 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA KK916 UT WOS:A1993KK91600029 PM 8434919 ER PT J AU KOCH, WH PAYNE, WL WENTZ, BA CEBULA, TA AF KOCH, WH PAYNE, WL WENTZ, BA CEBULA, TA TI RAPID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION METHOD FOR DETECTION OF VIBRIO-CHOLERAE IN FOODS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GULF-COAST; B-SUBUNIT; TOXIN; OPERON; IDENTIFICATION; MEAT; DNA AB The polymerase chain reaction was used to selectively amplify sequences within the cholera toxin operon from Vibrio cholerae O1. Oysters, crabmeat, shrimp, and lettuce were seeded with V. cholerae and then homogenized or washed with alkaline peptone water, followed by short-term (6- to 8-h) enrichment. A detection limit of as few as 1 V. cholerae CFU per 10 g of food was obtained with amplification reactions from crude bacterial lysates. The method is extremely rapid and obviates the need for DNA isolation from a variety of complex food matrices. RP KOCH, WH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 28 TC 76 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 59 IS 2 BP 556 EP 560 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA KK916 UT WOS:A1993KK91600032 PM 8434922 ER PT J AU ESTELA, LA SOFOS, JN AF ESTELA, LA SOFOS, JN TI COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL AND REVERSED PHAGE TYPING PROCEDURES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF LISTERIA SPP SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID MONOCYTOGENES; SYSTEM AB Of 225 Listeria isolates evaluated, 199 had the same bacteriophage patterns by both the conventional (A. Audurier, A. G. Taylor, B. Carbonelle, and J. McLaughlin, Clin. Invest. Med. 7:229-232, 1984) and the new, easier to apply, ''reversed'' (M. J. Loessner, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:882-884, 1991) phage typing procedures, 5 had different phage reactions, and the remaining 21 isolates were untypeable. Thus, the overall typeability rate was 90.7%, and 97.6% of the typeable isolates had the same phage patterns by both procedures. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,DENVER,CO 80262. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI & HUMAN NUTR,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP ESTELA, LA (reprint author), US FDA,DENVER DIST LAB,POB 25087,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 59 IS 2 BP 617 EP 619 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA KK916 UT WOS:A1993KK91600044 PM 8434928 ER PT J AU WAYNANT, RW OSHRY, S FINK, M AF WAYNANT, RW OSHRY, S FINK, M TI INFRARED MEASUREMENTS OF SAPPHIRE FIBERS FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Note DE FIBER; SAPPHIRE; OPTICAL TRANSMISSION; DAMAGE THRESHOLD ID CRYSTAL AB Infrared transmission losses as low as 8 dB/km at 1060 nm and damage a threshold above 1.3 kJ/cm2 at 2940 nm have been measured for experimental single-crystal sapphire fibers. C1 SACHS FREEMAN INC, LANDOVER, MD 20785 USA. RP WAYNANT, RW (reprint author), US FDA, CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH, 1901 CHAPMAN AVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 32 IS 4 BP 390 EP 392 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA KJ631 UT WOS:A1993KJ63100004 PM 20802702 ER PT J AU PETTIT, GH EDIGER, MN WEIBLINGER, RP AF PETTIT, GH EDIGER, MN WEIBLINGER, RP TI DYNAMIC OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF COLLAGEN-BASED TISSUE DURING ARF EXCIMER LASER ABLATION SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE ARF EXCIMER LASER; UV PHOTOABLATION; TISSUE REFLECTANCE; TISSUE TRANSMITTANCE ID TIME-RESOLVED REFLECTIVITY; CORNEA; POLYIMIDE AB Various attenuation mechanisms affecting the absorption of ArF excimer laser light in collagenous tissues have been studied. Temporal distortion of the laser pulse reflected from the cornea has been observed over a range of incident pulse fluences including the ablation threshold. Reflected pulse shortening begins near the ablation threshold and advances with increasing fluence. The measurement of laser light scattered 30-degrees off specular axis from collagen gel targets indicates that the reflected-pulse distortion is partially a result of scattering. Collagen film transmission studies show an increase in 193-nm light transmission in ablation conditions. These nonlinear attenuation mechanisms may impact significantly on the photoablation process. RP PETTIT, GH (reprint author), US FDA, CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH, 1901 CHAPMAN AVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20906 USA. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 32 IS 4 BP 488 EP 493 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA KJ631 UT WOS:A1993KJ63100018 PM 20802716 ER PT J AU NOLAN, MF HARTSFIELD, JK WITTERS, DM WASON, PJ AF NOLAN, MF HARTSFIELD, JK WITTERS, DM WASON, PJ TI FAILURE OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE-STIMULATION IN THE CONVENTIONAL AND BURST MODES TO ALTER DIGITAL SKIN TEMPERATURE SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE ELECTROANALGESIA; PAIN CONTROL; TENS; TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION ID COLD-INDUCED PAIN; LOW-BACK-PAIN; SYMPATHETIC TONE; ANTIDROMIC VASODILATATION; DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES; PLASMA EXTRAVASATION; PERIPHERAL ISCHEMIA; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; CONTROLLED TRIAL; CLINICAL REPORT C1 UNIV S FLORIDA,DEPT ANAT & NEUROL,TAMPA,FL 33620. UNIV S FLORIDA,DEPT PEDIAT,TAMPA,FL 33620. OFF SCI & TECHNOL,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MA. STIMTECH PROD INC,MARBOROUGH,MA. RP NOLAN, MF (reprint author), UNIV S FLORIDA,COLL MED,DEPT ANAT,12901 BRUCE B DOWNES BLVD,TAMPA,FL 33612, USA. NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 74 IS 2 BP 182 EP 187 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA KL171 UT WOS:A1993KL17100013 PM 8431104 ER PT J AU ALAYASH, AI FRATANTONI, JC BONAVENTURA, J CASHON, RE AF ALAYASH, AI FRATANTONI, JC BONAVENTURA, J CASHON, RE TI REDOX REACTIVITY OF NITRIC-OXIDE WITH HUMAN METHEMOGLOBIN AND 2 CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBIN DERIVATIVES SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. DUKE UNIV,MARINE LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 64 IS 2 BP A47 EP A47 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA KP517 UT WOS:A1993KP51700258 ER PT J AU ASZALOS, A PINE, PS SZABO, G AF ASZALOS, A PINE, PS SZABO, G TI ASSOCIATION OF L-SELECTIN (LEU-8, LAM1) WITH THE T-CELL RECEPTOR SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 64 IS 2 BP A384 EP A384 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA KP517 UT WOS:A1993KP51702211 ER PT J AU BAO, JZ RHEE, KW DAVIS, CC PRASAD, KU URRY, DW SWICORD, ML AF BAO, JZ RHEE, KW DAVIS, CC PRASAD, KU URRY, DW SWICORD, ML TI DIELECTRIC-DISPERSION OF WATER-POLYPENTAPEPTIDE SYSTEM IN THE GHZ RANGE SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDRH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLL PK,MD 20742. UNIV ALABAMA,MOLEC BIOPHYS LAB,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 64 IS 2 BP A127 EP A127 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA KP517 UT WOS:A1993KP51700724 ER PT J AU HIRSHFIELD, KM TOPTYGIN, D PACKARD, BZ BRAND, L AF HIRSHFIELD, KM TOPTYGIN, D PACKARD, BZ BRAND, L TI TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS OF CALCIUM-CHELATING PROBES - QUANTITATION OF CATION BINDING SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 64 IS 2 BP A162 EP A162 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA KP517 UT WOS:A1993KP51700931 ER PT J AU KRAUTHAMER, V BRYANT, HJ DAVIS, CC AF KRAUTHAMER, V BRYANT, HJ DAVIS, CC TI SINGLE-ENDED FIBER OPTIC SYSTEMS FOR RECORDING FROM MYOCARDIUM AND NERVE AXON SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USUHS,DEPT PHYS,BETHESDA,MD. U MD,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLL PK,MD. US FDA,DIV PHYS SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 64 IS 2 BP A208 EP A208 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA KP517 UT WOS:A1993KP51701196 ER PT J AU PACKARD, BZ HARVATH, L AF PACKARD, BZ HARVATH, L TI ONCOIMMUNIN-M (OI-M) INDUCES HUMAN LEUKEMIC-CELL (HL-60) MOTILITY TO HUMAN C5A SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CBER,FDA,DCB & DH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 64 IS 2 BP A368 EP A368 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA KP517 UT WOS:A1993KP51702115 ER PT J AU NAWAZ, MS FRANKLIN, W CERNIGLIA, CE AF NAWAZ, MS FRANKLIN, W CERNIGLIA, CE TI DEGRADATION OF ACRYLAMIDE BY IMMOBILIZED CELLS OF A PSEUDOMONAS SP AND XANTHOMONAS-MALTOPHILIA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACRYLAMIDE; BIODEGRADATION; IMMOBILIZATION ID MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION; BIODEGRADATION; ACETONITRILE; PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; KINETICS; AMIDASE; MONOMER AB Two bacterial isolates capable of utilizing acrylamide as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen were isolated from herbicide-contaminated soil samples and identified as Pseudomonas sp. and Xanthomonas maltophilia. Batch cultures of Pseudomonas sp. and X. maltophilia completely degraded 62.8 mM acrylamide to acrylic acid and ammonia in 24 and 48 h, respectively. Pseudomonas sp. and X. maltophilia, when immobilized in calcium alginate, markedly increased the rate of degradation of acrylamide over batch cultures. Cells of the isolates immobilized in calcium alginate degraded acrylamide to acrylic acid and ammonia in less than 6 h. Initial metabolism of acrylamide by immobilized cells of Pseudomonas sp. followed by inoculation with nonimmobilized cells after 6 h totally removed acrylamide and its metabolites in 72 h. A similar procedure with X. maltophilia resulted in the total metabolism of acrylamide in 96 h. An inducible, intracellular amidase was responsible for the hydrolysis of acrylamide to acrylic acid and ammonia. The specific activity of Pseudomonas sp. amidase was higher than the specific activity of X. maltophilia amidase. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 23 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4166 J9 CAN J MICROBIOL JI Can. J. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 39 IS 2 BP 207 EP 212 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA KR097 UT WOS:A1993KR09700009 PM 8467421 ER PT J AU TOYOKUNI, S SAGRIPANTI, JL AF TOYOKUNI, S SAGRIPANTI, JL TI DNA SINGLE-STRAND AND DOUBLE-STRAND BREAKS PRODUCED BY FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE IN RELATION TO RENAL TUBULAR CARCINOGENESIS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CELL CARCINOMA; FE-NTA; IRON; NEPHROTOXICITY; DAMAGE; ACID; TRANSFORMATION; RESTRICTION AB Fe(III) bound to a chelator, nitrilotriacetate (NTA), has been reported to induce a high frequency of adenocarcinoma localized to the proximal tubules of the kidney in rodents. In order to examine possible mechanisms for the carcinogenic activity, we investigated the in vitro production of single- and double-strand breaks in DNA mediated by iron alone or Fe-NTA chelate using supercoiled plasmid pZ189. Neither Fe(III) nor NTA alone broke DNA. Fe(III) plus NTA together mediated the efficient oxidative production of DNA single- and double-strand breaks in the presence of reducing agents (ascorbate much greater than H2O2 > CYSteine). The Fe(III):NTA ratio (1:4) that was found to be optimal for DNA strand breakage was similar to the ratio that produced adenocarcinomas in rodents. Maximal Fe-NTA-mediated DNA damage in vitro was induced under conditions of neutral pH, low ionic strength, presence of reducing agent and absence of albumin. These conditions are present exclusively in the cortical proximal tubules of the kidney, the only location where toxicity and carcinogenicity of Fe-NTA has been observed. Thus, localized DNA damage may explain the anatomic site preferred by Fe-NTA-induced carcinogenesis. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV LIFE SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Toyokuni, Shinya/C-1358-2010 OI Toyokuni, Shinya/0000-0002-5757-1109 NR 33 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD FEB PY 1993 VL 14 IS 2 BP 223 EP 227 DI 10.1093/carcin/14.2.223 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KM153 UT WOS:A1993KM15300010 PM 8435863 ER PT J AU WEST, RW BARRETT, JC AF WEST, RW BARRETT, JC TI INACTIVATION OF A TUMOR SUPPRESSOR FUNCTION IN IMMORTAL SYRIAN-HAMSTER CELLS BY N-METHYL-N'-NITRO-N-NITROSOGUANIDINE AND BY 5-AZA-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID V-HA-RAS; NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION; EMBRYO CELLS; MUTATIONS; GENES; CHROMOSOME-5Q21; IDENTIFICATION; PROGRESSION; PROTEIN AB Clonal lines of immortal Syrian hamster cells were previously isolated that either suppressed (supB+) tumorigenicity in hybrids with a malignant hamster cell line (BP6T) or had lost this suppression ability (supB-). Neither line was tumorigenic or showed anchorage-independent growth in normal growth medium. SupB- cells, but not supB+ cells, grew in agar supplemented with the growth factors EGF. PDGF and insulin (EPI), providing a selective assay for the supB- phenotype. After treatment of supB+ cells with either N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (10-300 ng/ml) or 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (25-250 ng/ml), and an expression period of 4-8 weeks, a dose-dependent increase in altered cells that grew in agar supplemented with EPI was observed. Cell lines derived from colonies in agar showed persistent EPI-stimulated growth in agar, and decreased suppression of growth in agar for hybrids with BP6T cells. Thus, carcinogen-induced loss of the tumor suppressor phenotype has been demonstrated. C1 NIEHS,MOLEC CARCINOGENESIS LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP WEST, RW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 27 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD FEB PY 1993 VL 14 IS 2 BP 285 EP 289 DI 10.1093/carcin/14.2.285 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KM153 UT WOS:A1993KM15300020 PM 7679613 ER PT J AU GRAUMLICH, JF SPYKER, DA CANTILENA, LR AF GRAUMLICH, JF SPYKER, DA CANTILENA, LR TI PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL OF VERAPAMIL (SUSTAINED-RELEASE) PROFILE IN TOXIC OVERDOSE SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 156 EP 156 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900086 ER PT J AU HARTER, J KATZPER, M AF HARTER, J KATZPER, M TI MODELING PAIN AND ITS RESPONSE TO ANALGESICS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 171 EP 171 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900143 ER PT J AU WIDMARK, RM STEIN, R SMITH, R AF WIDMARK, RM STEIN, R SMITH, R TI AN EMPIRICAL-APPROACH IN ESTIMATING ONSET AND DURATION OF ANALGESIC EFFECT SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CIBA GEIGY CORP,SUMMIT,NJ 07901. US FDA,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 171 EP 171 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900145 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, C KAIKO, R BASHAW, D AF WRIGHT, C KAIKO, R BASHAW, D TI USE OF NALTREXONE IN OPIOID PK STUDIES SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. PURDUE FREDERICK CO,NORWALK,CT. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 185 EP 185 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900200 ER PT J AU BAWEJA, R LONGLEY, R JOHNSON, S MALINOWSKI, HJ LEONARD, EM TEMPLE, RJ LUDDEN, TM BURKE, G AF BAWEJA, R LONGLEY, R JOHNSON, S MALINOWSKI, HJ LEONARD, EM TEMPLE, RJ LUDDEN, TM BURKE, G TI ASSESSMENT OF THE PHARMACOKINETIC PHARMACODYNAMIC (PK PD) PERFORMANCE OF CONTROLLED RELEASE DOSAGE FORMS (CRDF) INVOLVING PARTIAL AUCS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 186 EP 186 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900202 ER PT J AU SALE, M LAVELLE, J OLEARY, CR JAMES, DS SALETAN, S WOOSLEY, RL TRAPNELL, CB AF SALE, M LAVELLE, J OLEARY, CR JAMES, DS SALETAN, S WOOSLEY, RL TRAPNELL, CB TI A COMPARTMENTAL MODEL FOR LIPOSOMAL GENTAMICIN SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. LIPOSOME CO,PRINCETON,NJ. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 186 EP 186 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900204 ER PT J AU BASHAW, ED LIEBERMAN, R AF BASHAW, ED LIEBERMAN, R TI OPTIMAL SAMPLING THEORY VS GEOMETRIC SAMPLING-A PROSPECTIVE-STUDY SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 187 EP 187 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900208 ER PT J AU TRAPNELL, CB LAVELLE, JP OLEARY, CR JAMES, DS LI, R COLBURN, D WOOSLEY, RL NARANG, PK AF TRAPNELL, CB LAVELLE, JP OLEARY, CR JAMES, DS LI, R COLBURN, D WOOSLEY, RL NARANG, PK TI RIFABUTIN DOES NOT ALTER FLUCONAZOLE PHARMACOKINETICS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. ADRIA LABS INC,COLUMBUS,OH. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 196 EP 196 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900245 ER PT J AU SPYKER, D HYDE, J SCALLY, D STEIN, R BASHAW, D LIU, A JOH, T DAMASK, M AF SPYKER, D HYDE, J SCALLY, D STEIN, R BASHAW, D LIU, A JOH, T DAMASK, M TI RESPONSE-SURFACE FOR DESFLURANE MINIMUM ALVEOLAR CONCENTRATION (MAC) FOR PATIENT AGE AND CONCOMITANT NITROUS-OXIDE SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. ANAQUEST,LIBERTY CORNER,NJ. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 206 EP 206 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900281 ER PT J AU BASHAW, ED WIDMARK, RM YACIW, CA HARTER, JG AF BASHAW, ED WIDMARK, RM YACIW, CA HARTER, JG TI RATE OF ABSORPTION EFFECTS THE ONSET OF PAIN RELIEF SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900287 ER PT J AU AJAYI, F BREWER, T GREENFIELD, R FLECKENSTEIN, L AF AJAYI, F BREWER, T GREENFIELD, R FLECKENSTEIN, L TI ABSOLUTE BIOAVAILABILITY OF HALOFANTRINE-HCL - EFFECT OF GASTRIC PH ALTERATIONS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WRAIR,WASHINGTON,DC. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV IOWA,COLL PHARM,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 208 EP 208 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900291 ER PT J AU YASUDA, SU WELLSTEIN, A BARBEY, JT HEWITTMEULMANN, J BURKE, G JOHNSON, S WOOSLEY, RL AF YASUDA, SU WELLSTEIN, A BARBEY, JT HEWITTMEULMANN, J BURKE, G JOHNSON, S WOOSLEY, RL TI CHLORPHENIRAMINE ANTAGONIST ACTIVITY IN PLASMA SAMPLES SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 210 EP 210 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900300 ER PT J AU HALE, VG LUDDEN, T AF HALE, VG LUDDEN, T TI DEMOGRAPHIC-ANALYSIS OF PHARMACOKINETICS (PK) STUDIES SUBMITTED FOR A NEW DRUG SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 213 EP 213 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900309 ER PT J AU ELTAHTAWY, A JACKSON, A LUDDEN, T AF ELTAHTAWY, A JACKSON, A LUDDEN, T TI COMPARISON OF SINGLE (SD) AND MULTIPLE DOSE (MD) PHARMACOKINETICS USING CLINICAL BIOEQUIVALENCE DATA AND MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 216 EP 216 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900322 ER PT J AU ETTE, E KELMAN, A HOWIE, C WHITING, B AF ETTE, E KELMAN, A HOWIE, C WHITING, B TI INFLUENCE OF INTER-ANIMAL VARIABILITY ON THE ESTIMATION OF POPULATION PHARMACOKINETIC (PK) PARAMETERS IN PRECLINICAL STUDIES SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. WESTERN INFIRM & ASSOCIATED HOSP,GLASGOW G11 6NT,SCOTLAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 216 EP 216 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900321 ER PT J AU SPYKER, D LUDDEN, T BASHAW, D PLASSE, T BASS, J AF SPYKER, D LUDDEN, T BASHAW, D PLASSE, T BASS, J TI PHARMACODYNAMICS OF DRONABINOL-INDUCED EFFECTS ON MOOD, APPETITE, AND WEIGHT IN PATIENTS WITH AIDS-RELATED WEIGHT-LOSS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIMED INC,SOMERVILLE,NJ. ROXANE LAB INC,COLUMBUS,OH. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 216 EP 216 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900323 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, C SPYKER, D HARTER, JG AF WRIGHT, C SPYKER, D HARTER, JG TI RECOVERY FROM MIDAZOLAM SEDATION SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 218 EP 218 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900329 ER PT J AU KATZ, LM STEIN, RA AF KATZ, LM STEIN, RA TI ANALYSIS OF OTC DRUG USAGE STUDIES SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 53 IS 2 BP 221 EP 221 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KP269 UT WOS:A1993KP26900342 ER PT J AU PIPKIN, JL ANSON, JF HINSON, WG LYNCOOK, LE SCHOL, HM BURNS, ER FEUERS, RJ CASCIANO, DA SHEEHAN, DM AF PIPKIN, JL ANSON, JF HINSON, WG LYNCOOK, LE SCHOL, HM BURNS, ER FEUERS, RJ CASCIANO, DA SHEEHAN, DM TI COMPARATIVE-STUDIES OF SYNTHESIS, PHOSPHORYLATION, DNA-BINDING AND PROTEOLYTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A NOVEL PROTEIN DURING PHASES OF THE MOUSE SPLEEN-CELL CYCLE SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; STRESS PROTEINS; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; DROSOPHILA CELLS; SODIUM ARSENITE; SALIVARY-GLANDS; NUCLEAR-PROTEIN; INDUCTION; ISOPROTERENOL; ELECTROPHORESIS AB 1. Cultured mouse spleen cells were exposed to the mitogen Concanavalin A followed by isoproterenol, and nuclei were electronically sorted from seven partitions of the cell cycle. 2. Several nuclear proteins, including stress proteins, which were cell-cycle-stage specific, were elicited by isoproterenol as determined by micro-electrophoresis and fluorography. 3. Two novel S-phase proteins (X0 and X') demonstrated differing synthesis and phosphorylation patterns during the cell-cycle phases. 4. X' showed DNA binding characteristics and proteolytic properties (hydrolyzing X0 or beta-galactosidase); both proteins were cell-cycle regulated. RP PIPKIN, JL (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0491 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 104 IS 2 BP 361 EP 370 DI 10.1016/0305-0491(93)90380-N PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA KN062 UT WOS:A1993KN06200021 PM 8462285 ER PT J AU MURGO, AJ WEINBERGER, BB AF MURGO, AJ WEINBERGER, BB TI PHARMACOLOGICAL BONE-MARROW PURGING IN AUTOLOGOUS TRANSPLANTATION - FOCUS ON THE CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE DERIVATIVES SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY/HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; ACUTE NONLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY; ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; COLONY-FORMING CELLS; 4-HYDROPEROXYCYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE PURGED MARROWS; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE INHIBITORS RP MURGO, AJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,HFD-150,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 158 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1040-8428 J9 CRIT REV ONCOL HEMAT JI Crit. Rev. Oncol./Hematol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 41 EP 60 DI 10.1016/1040-8428(93)90005-O PG 20 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA LD883 UT WOS:A1993LD88300004 PM 8373540 ER PT J AU ALTEKRUSE, S KOEHLER, J HICKMANBRENNER, F TAUXE, RV FERRIS, K AF ALTEKRUSE, S KOEHLER, J HICKMANBRENNER, F TAUXE, RV FERRIS, K TI A COMPARISON OF SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS PHAGE TYPES FROM EGG-ASSOCIATED OUTBREAKS AND IMPLICATED LAYING FLOCKS SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTED HENS AB Infections due to Salmonella enteritidis are increasing worldwide. In the United States, between 1985 and 1989, 78 % of the S. enteritidis outbreaks in which a food vehicle was identified implicated a food containing raw or lightly cooked shell eggs. Under a US Department of Agriculture regulation published in 1990, eggs implicated in human food-borne S. enteritidis outbreaks were traced back to the source flock. The flock environment and the internal organs of a sample of hens were tested for S. enteritidis. We compared the S. enteritidis phage types of isolates from 18 human, egg-associated outbreaks and the 15 flocks implicated through traceback of these outbreaks. The predominant human outbreak phage type was recovered from the environment in 100 % of implicated flocks and from the internal organs of hens in 88 % of implicated flocks we tested. The results support the use of phage typing as a tool to identify flocks involved in human S. enteritidis outbreaks. C1 USDA,AMES,IA 50010. CTR DIS CONTROL,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP ALTEKRUSE, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFF 265,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 19 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 110 IS 1 BP 17 EP 22 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA KL759 UT WOS:A1993KL75900003 PM 8432319 ER PT J AU HILL, RN CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL AF HILL, RN CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL TI WORKSHOP ON UPDATING EYE IRRITATION TEST METHODS - PROPOSALS FOR REGULATORY CONSENSUS SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material AB Multiple procedures for the conduct and evaluation of eye irritation testing are currently used in the USA and worldwide. An international workshop on the eye irritation test in rabbits was held to identify different testing and evaluation practices, develop proposals for change that minimize differences in these methods and determine areas of consensus in the scientific community. These efforts are intended to culminate in the development of a more uniform US position and serve as a point of discussion for international harmonization. The following seven papers delineate the proposals that were presented at the workshop. A summary of the presentations and discussion as well as future directions is also presented. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,BETHESDA,MD 20207. RP HILL, RN (reprint author), US EPA,401 M ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20460, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 79 EP 79 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90117-H PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300001 ER PT J AU GREEN, S CHAMBERS, WA GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL AF GREEN, S CHAMBERS, WA GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL TI CRITERIA FOR INVITRO ALTERNATIVES FOR THE EYE IRRITATION TEST SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGAROSE DIFFUSION METHOD; OCULAR IRRITANCY; COSMETIC PRODUCTS AB A proposal encompassing considerations and criteria for the development of in vitro alternatives to the eye irritation test has been developed and is presented here. Two factors need to be considered initially in developing an alternative test. The first is to determine whether the alternative assay is to be used as a screen or as a replacement for the eye irritation test. Less stringent acceptance criteria are required for an assay used as a screen than for that used as a replacement test. A screen is a preliminary test for the assessment of eye irritation. It is used for making preliminary decisions or establishing the direction for further testing. Screens answer fewer and less complex questions than a replacement test would, since the results from screens are usually confirmed by more definitive testing. A replacement test, however, must provide the same answers as in vivo methods for the assessment of eye irritation and must provide data for making a definitive toxicological assessment of eye irritation. The second factor to be considered is knowledge of the in vivo assay intended to be replaced. This knowledge should include the procedural aspects of the test and the regulatory information it provides. The following may be considered as criteria for in vitro tests used as screens or as replacements for the eye irritation test in rabbits: rationale (there should be a clear statement regarding the rationale for the use of a particular test in relation to the availability of other tests); relevance (the in vitro endpoint should have biological or physiological relevance to the effect to be detected in vivo): and validational (intralaboratory as well as interlaboratory validation must be conducted). C1 US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,BETHESDA,MD 20207. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. RP GREEN, S (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 18 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90118-I PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300002 PM 8449460 ER PT J AU HURLEY, PM CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL AF HURLEY, PM CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL TI SCREENING PROCEDURES FOR EYE IRRITATION SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OCULAR IRRITANCY AB Screens aid in identifying some severe irritants or corrosives and eliminating them from consideration for in vivo eye irritation testing. Products may be evaluated for ocular irritation potential in a stepwise progression as follows: (1) products at pH extremes of 2 or below or of 11.5 or above may be considered to be ocular irritants; (2) based on chemical structure-activity considerations, some products may be judged to have ocular irritation potential; (3) validated and accepted in vitro systems may possibly be used as a screen in the future; (4) when a test material demonstrates severe acute dermal toxicity (lethality at less-than-or-equal-to 200 mg/kg body weight), further testing for either dermal or ocular irritation may not need to be undertaken; (5) if a substance shows a primary dermal irritation index of 5 or above, it may be considered to be an ocular irritant; (6) materials that are not removed from consideration based on these proposed screens may then be considered for testing for ocular irritation in rabbits under accepted procedures. In a survey given to participants in the workshop, a high percentage believed that screens should be used. However, opinions on the use of the individual screens varied between the different interested groups attending, with the possible future use of in vitro screens for specific product lines having the highest percentage of agreement (57-100%). C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,BETHESDA,MD 20207. RP HURLEY, PM (reprint author), US EPA,401 M ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20460, USA. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90119-J PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300003 PM 8449461 ER PT J AU SEABAUGH, VM CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL AF SEABAUGH, VM CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL TI USE OF OPHTHALMIC TOPICAL ANESTHETICS SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRESERVATIVES AB Pretreatment of the eyes of rabbits with a topical anaesthetic can be viewed as a refinement of the test for eye irritation. It reduces pain at the time of test-material administration, decreases animal distress and permits easier application of the test agent to the eye. In some cases, however, use of an anaesthetic either alone or in combination with the test substance may alter ocular responses or provide little benefit. Although anaesthetic pretreatment may result in decreased pain at the time of test-compound administration, it does not affect possible pain after the effects of the anaesthetic have dissipated. Some anaesthetics are themselves irritating to eyes. In addition, anaesthetics reduce blinking and tearing, thereby maintaining the test-material concentration at the surface of the eye longer. Corneal permeability may also be increased with pretreatment use of an anaesthetic, and may bring the test agent into contact with more structures of the eye. Some anaesthetics delay healing after ocular injury. All of these varied effects may result in increased irritation to the eye. Overall, pretreatment with anaesthetics has usually resulted in a tendency for slightly higher irritation scores; eye irritancy classification is usually unaffected. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,BETHESDA,MD 20207. RP SEABAUGH, VM (reprint author), US EPA,401 M ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20460, USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 95 EP 98 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90120-N PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300004 PM 8449462 ER PT J AU LAMBERT, LA CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL AF LAMBERT, LA CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL TI THE USE OF LOW-VOLUME DOSING IN THE EYE IRRITATION TEST SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OCULAR IRRITANCY; RABBIT EYE; DOSAGE AB The Draize rabbit eye test was developed to provide a method for assessing the irritation potential of materials that might come in contact with human eyes. The method involves the instillation of 0.1 ml of a test liquid (100 mg solid) into the conjunctival sac of an animal's eye. A refinement of the Draize test is the low-volume eye test in which 0.01 ml of a substance is placed directly on the cornea of the eye. Studies indicate that the low-volume method provides a better correlation to human eye irritation experience for some substances. The Interagency Regulatory Alternatives Group (IRAG) proposes that the low-volume eye test can be used to substantiate the irritancy of suspect severe ocular irritants that have not been eliminated by various pre-eye test 'screens'. A substance testing positive by the low-volume method can be classified as an irritant; one that tests negative will require further testing by the use of the 0.1-ml volume procedure. For all other definitive testing, the Draize test (0.1 ml) should be used. Results from a questionnaire distributed at the IRAG workshop showed that many workshop participants thought that the low-volume test should be used as an eye irritation screening procedure. C1 US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,BETHESDA,MD 20207. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. RP LAMBERT, LA (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90121-E PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300005 PM 8449463 ER PT J AU SPRINGER, JA CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM WILCOX, NL AF SPRINGER, JA CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM WILCOX, NL TI NUMBER OF ANIMALS FOR SEQUENTIAL TESTING SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRRITATION AB US regulatory agencies have used six animals in eye irritation tests. Analyses of eye irritation tests on pesticides (n = 48), consumer products and cosmetics (n = 53), Marzulli and Ruggles database (n = 139), and cleaning products and ingredients (n = 30) have greatly extended previous investigations of the merit of reducing animal sample size in the eye test. Given the existing scoring system for positive animal responses (corneal opacity greater-than-or-equal-to 1, iritis greater-than-or-equal-to 1, conjunctival redness greater-than-or-equal-to 2 and conjunctival chemosis greater-than-or-equal-to 2), the accuracy of the classification systems currently used by these agencies was determined. The US Consumer Product Safety Commission, US Food and Drug Administration, and US Occupational Safety and Health Administration use a classification system by which a substance is designated as an irritant when at least four of six animals give a positive response. This decision rule leads to a very high accuracy of at least 99% with essentially no false positive and false negative judgments. In contrast, the system used by the US Environmental Protection Agency pesticide program, in which only one or more of six treated animals result in an irritant decision, has an accuracy of only 50-80% with very high false positive rates. Analyses indicated that test sample size could be reduced to three and still preserve very good accuracy, whereas two-animal and one-animal tests did not give satisfactory responses. A two-stage test, in which two animals are tested and evaluated in the first stage before the need for testing one more animal in the second stage is determined, also demonstrated good operating characteristics. Both the one-stage/three-animal test and the two-stage test deserve consideration. C1 US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,BETHESDA,MD 20207. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. RP SPRINGER, JA (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 105 EP 109 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90122-F PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300006 PM 8449454 ER PT J AU CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HUNTLEY, K HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL AF CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S GUPTA, KC HILL, RN HUNTLEY, K HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LEE, CC LEE, JK LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK ROBERTS, CD SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL TI SCORING FOR EYE IRRITATION TESTS SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Scoring of the rabbit eye test and the resulting evaluation and classification should provide useful information about the likelihood that a test material may cause injury on contact with the human eye. When an animal test is necessary, a rabbit eye test based on the following characteristics is proposed for deriving the maximum information from the fewest animals. The ocular effects of interest should include corneal opacity, iritis and conjunctival redness. Animals should be scored for each ocular effect at 24, 48 and 72 hr after the test substance is administered. If an animal is negative at all three scoring times, it can be removed from the test at 72 hr. If it shows a positive effect at a scoring time but the lesion clears at 72 hr, it can be removed at 72 hr. If it shows a positive effect that does not clear at 72 hr, it should be scored again on day 7 when the test ends. However, if an animal shows severe effects at one or more scoring times, it can be removed from the test at 72 hr. An animal is positive if any one of the following criteria is observed at 24, 48 or 72 hr: corneal opacity of 1 or above, iritis of 1 or above, or conjunctival redness of 2 or above. Severe ocular effects (noted at 24, 48 or 72 hr) that may endanger sight deserve special recognition for the classification of chemicals and include corneal opacity of 3 or above, or iritis of 2. This proposal is consistent with the opinions of the majority of respondents who attended the Workshop on Updating Eye Irritation Test Methods, Proposals for Regulatory Consensus. The most notable exception was the suggestion by respondents to add conjunctival chemosis as one of the scoring parameters. C1 US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,BETHESDA,MD 20207. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. RP CHAMBERS, WA (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90123-G PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300007 PM 8449455 ER PT J AU GUPTA, KC CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL AF GUPTA, KC CHAMBERS, WA GREEN, S HILL, RN HURLEY, PM LAMBERT, LA LIU, PT LOWTHER, DK SEABAUGH, VM SPRINGER, JA WILCOX, NL TI AN EYE IRRITATION TEST PROTOCOL AND AN EVALUATION AND CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB An in vivo test protocol and an evaluation and classification system for the determination of eye irritation potential of chemicals and mixtures (substances) is proposed. The protocol uses two or three rabbits and reduces distress in test animals. The test substances are classified as non-irritant, irritant or severe irritant to meet regulatory needs. They may be classified on the basis of past experience with similar compounds or mixtures. Screens such as structure-activity relationships, pH extremes, validated and accepted in vitro tests, severe dermal irritation (primary dermal irritation index greater-than-or-equal-to 5) or severe dermal toxicity (lethality at < 200 mg/kg body weight) should be used to classify irritant or severe irritant materials when one or more of the screens can provide convincing evidence. For suspected severe irritant materials, the proposed in vivo test permits the use of one rabbit and instillation of 0.01 ml (0.01 g) of the test material into the cornea. Materials that are not classified irritant or severe irritant by screens or severe irritant by one rabbit test are tested in two or three rabbits; 0.1 ml (0.1 g) is instilled into the conjunctival sac. The responses (corneal opacity, iritis and conjunctival redness) are scored according to the modified Draize scoring system at 24, 48 and 72 hr and 7 days post-instillation. A rabbit is considered positive when corneal opacity of 1 or above, iritis of 1 or above or conjunctival redness of 2 or above is present at 24, 48 or 72 hr post-instillation. The material is classified as a severe irritant when the rabbit in the one-animal test or two or more rabbits in the standard test have responses of corneal opacity of 3 or above and iritis of 2 at 24, 48 or 72 hr, or positive responses on day 7 after instillation. The material is classified as an eye irritant when two or more rabbits are positive but the responses are not severe and they clear 7 days after instillation. The material is classified as a non-irritant when no more than one rabbit is positive. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of US Federal agencies. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. RP GUPTA, KC (reprint author), US CONSUMER PROD SAFETY COMMISS,5401 WESTBARD AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20207, USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 31 IS 2 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90124-H PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KR863 UT WOS:A1993KR86300008 PM 8449456 ER PT J AU LLORENS, J CROFTON, KM TILSON, HA ALI, SF MUNDY, WR AF LLORENS, J CROFTON, KM TILSON, HA ALI, SF MUNDY, WR TI CHARACTERIZATION OF DISULFOTON-INDUCED BEHAVIORAL AND NEUROCHEMICAL EFFECTS FOLLOWING REPEATED EXPOSURE SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; RAT-BRAIN; TOLERANCE; BINDING; DIISOPROPYLFLUOROPHOSPHATE; MICE C1 US EPA,HLTH EFFECTS RES LAB,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RI Llorens, Jordi/A-6959-2008; Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Llorens, Jordi/0000-0002-3894-9401; Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 20 IS 2 BP 163 EP 169 DI 10.1006/faat.1993.1022 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA KM857 UT WOS:A1993KM85700005 PM 8449387 ER PT J AU TARAZI, EM HARTER, JG ZIMMERMAN, HJ ISHAK, KG EATON, RA AF TARAZI, EM HARTER, JG ZIMMERMAN, HJ ISHAK, KG EATON, RA TI SULINDAC-ASSOCIATED HEPATIC-INJURY - ANALYSIS OF 91 CASES REPORTED TO THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEPATOTOXICITY; PANCREATITIS; DICLOFENAC; CLINORIL; THERAPY C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,HFD-007,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. NR 32 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD FEB PY 1993 VL 104 IS 2 BP 569 EP 574 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA KM861 UT WOS:A1993KM86100030 PM 8425699 ER PT J AU CIARDIELLO, F PEPE, S BIANCO, C BALDASSARRE, G RUGGIERO, A BIANCO, C SELVAM, MP BIANCO, AR TORTORA, G AF CIARDIELLO, F PEPE, S BIANCO, C BALDASSARRE, G RUGGIERO, A BIANCO, C SELVAM, MP BIANCO, AR TORTORA, G TI DOWN-REGULATION OF RI-ALPHA SUBUNIT OF CAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE INDUCES GROWTH-INHIBITION OF HUMAN MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS TRANSFORMED BY C-HA-RAS AND C-ERBB-2 PROTOONCOGENES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; HUMAN-BREAST; MOLECULAR-CLONING; NODAL STATUS; HUMAN TESTIS; EXPRESSION; CANCER; GENE; DIFFERENTIATION; MALIGNANCY AB MCF-10A is a spontaneously immortalized, non-transformed human mammary epithelial cell line. We have recently obtained MCF-10A clones (MCF-10A HE cells) that are transformed following over-expression of both a human point-mutated c-Ha-ras and the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogenes. Two isoforms of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAK) have been described in mammalian cells. Enhanced levels of type-I c-AK (cAKI) are generally found in tumor cells. To determine whether inhibition of cAKI expression may interfere with ras and erbB-2 oncogene-induced transformation of human mammary epithelial cells, we have tested the effects of 2 agents that specifically down-regulate cAKI, such as 8-chloro-cAMP and an anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide targeted against the RIalpha regulatory subunit of cAKI on MCF-10A HE cells. Treatment of MCF-10A HE cells with 8-chloro-cAMP induces a dose-dependent growth inhibition under both monolayer and soft-agar growth conditions, that is correlated with an accumulation of MCF-10A HE cells in G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle and a reduction of the number of cells in S phase. In contrast, 8-chloro-cAMP has no effect on MCF-10A cell growth. Furthermore, 8-chloro-cAMP treatment of MCF-10A HE cells induces a 4- to 6-fold reduction in p185erbB-2 expression and brings p21 ras expression to levels comparable to those found in MCF-10A cells. Treatment of MCF-10A HE cells with an RIalpha anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide determines a comparable inhibition of both anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent cell growth. Our results suggest that cAKI may act as a mediator of ras and erbB-2 oncogene action in human breast cells and that interference with cAKI action provides a potential tool for inhibiting the growth-promoting effects of these oncogenes. C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP CIARDIELLO, F (reprint author), UNIV NAPLES,FAC MED & CHIRURG 2,CATTEDRA ONCOL MED,VIA S PANSINI 5,I-80131 NAPLES,ITALY. RI Baldassarre, Gustavo/K-1350-2016 OI Baldassarre, Gustavo/0000-0002-9750-8825 NR 24 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0020-7136 J9 INT J CANCER JI Int. J. Cancer PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 53 IS 3 BP 438 EP 443 DI 10.1002/ijc.2910530315 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KK633 UT WOS:A1993KK63300014 PM 8094073 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, BE PARKER, R TSAI, CM BALTZ, J MILLER, MJ SHOEMAKER, R PHELPS, R BASTIAN, A STOCKER, J PHARES, J MULSHINE, JL GAZDAR, AF IHDE, DC AF JOHNSON, BE PARKER, R TSAI, CM BALTZ, J MILLER, MJ SHOEMAKER, R PHELPS, R BASTIAN, A STOCKER, J PHARES, J MULSHINE, JL GAZDAR, AF IHDE, DC TI PHASE-I TRIAL OF DIHYDROLENPERONE IN LUNG-CANCER PATIENTS - A NOVEL COMPOUND WITH INVITRO ACTIVITY AGAINST LUNG-CANCER SO INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS LA English DT Article DE DIHYDROLENPERONE; DRUG EVALUATION; DRUG SCREENING ASSAYS; ANTITUMOR; CARCINOMA; NONSMALL CELL LUNG CARCINOMA; OAT CELL ID TUMOR-CELL-LINES; COLORIMETRIC ASSAY; GROWTH; FEASIBILITY; SENSITIVITY; SURVIVAL AB Antitumor activity of the butyrophenone dihydrolenperone in non-small cell lung cancer was initially suggested by in vitro screening against tumor cells derived from fresh surgical samples using the human tumor colony-forming assay. We have completed a directed phase I trial in patients with lung cancer. Thirty-two patients with lung cancer have completed 25 courses of therapy at doses of 10 to 60 mg/square meter orally on a twice daily schedule. Twenty-three men and 9 women with a median age of 55 (range 24-69) were entered. Twenty-four were performance status 0 or 1 and 8 were 2. The maximum tolerated dose was 50 mg/square meter orally twice daily and the dose limiting toxicity was somnolence. Of the 32 patients, 18 developed symptomatic hypotension (grade 1 or 2). There was no significant hematologic, renal, or hepatic toxicity. In vitro drug testing using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (thiazolyl blue)] assay confirmed 50% inhibition of non-small cell and small cell lung cancer cell line growth at 70-450 micromolar concentrations. Plasma dihydrolenperone levels were at least 75-fold less than levels at which in vitro activity was observed. We conclude: 1) the maximum tolerated dose in our study is 50 mg/square meter orally twice daily, 2) the dose-limiting side effect of dihydrolenperone is somnolence, and 3) the concentrations of dihydrolenperone observed in plasma are significantly lower than those associated with in vitro activity. C1 NCI,NAVY MED ONCOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NATL NAVAL CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20889. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NCI,DEV THERAPEUT PROGRAM,FREDERICK,MD 21701. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6997 J9 INVEST NEW DRUG JI Invest. New Drugs PD FEB PY 1993 VL 11 IS 1 BP 29 EP 37 DI 10.1007/BF00873907 PG 9 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LF647 UT WOS:A1993LF64700004 PM 8349433 ER PT J AU DALLAS, HL HITCHINS, AD AF DALLAS, HL HITCHINS, AD TI ANTAGONISM OF BACTERIAL COMPETITORS TOWARD LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES IN ENRICHMENT CULTURE SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY LA English DT Article ID PEDIOCOCCUS; PLASMID; FOODS AB A study was made of the competitiveness toward Listeria monocytogenes (Lm82) in Listeria enrichment broth (LEB) by bacteria isolated from foods and by strains of Enterococcus and other Gram-positive bacteria. Competitive (i.e., able to mask during enrichment in LEB for 24 h) and noncompetitive bacteria were tested for production of anti-Lm82 agents in diffusion zone assays on deMann-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) agar with added beta-glycero-phosphate (MRSB) and in Listeria enrichment agar (LEA). Enterococci were the most active competitors. The presence of small (2-6 mm diameter) inhibitory zones on MRSB correlated significantly with competitive activity in LEB; however, the correlation was not due to the metabolic activity that produced inhibitory zones on MRSB. Zone-producing bacteria were more likely to be competitors than were nonzone producers, but not all zone producers were competitors. Similarly, about 15 % of bacteria that did not produce zones were competitive. The few inhibitory zones on LEA indicated that competitor activity in the selective enrichment broth may only rarely be due to the production of diffusible inhibitors. The most important factor in competitiveness was the ability of enterococci and some other bacteria to maintain superior numbers in the presence of prolisterial selective agents in LEB. With their superior numbers, competitors significantly decreased the pH of LEB faster than did noncompetitors. Diffusible inhibitors produced in LEA by bacteria may also contribute significantly to competitiveness. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,HFS-516,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 SN 0149-6085 J9 J FOOD SAFETY JI J. Food Saf. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 13 IS 2 BP 113 EP 123 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4565.1993.tb00099.x PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA KY276 UT WOS:A1993KY27600004 ER PT J AU SHIRAI, A HOLMES, K KLINMAN, D AF SHIRAI, A HOLMES, K KLINMAN, D TI DETECTION AND QUANTITATION OF CELLS SECRETING IL-6 UNDER PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN BALB/C MICE SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; MOUSE BONE-MARROW; GROWTH-FACTOR; T-CELL; B-CELLS; ANTIBODY-FORMATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; STIMULATING FACTORS AB IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis and lymphocyte activation. An extremely sensitive ELIspot assay was developed to detect and enumerate individual cells secreting IL-6 in normal BALB/c mice. Under physiologic conditions, the frequency of cells producing IL-6 in the bone marrow, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes of normal adult animals was approximately 0.5, 0.1, and 0.01%, respectively. FACS analysis revealed that macrophages and Macl- B220- cells accounted for the vast majority of IL-6 production in the bone marrow, whereas T and B lymphocytes accounted for 4% and 38% of IL-6 production in the spleen. Simultaneous studies comparing cell number with IL-6 levels indicated that the average activated cell produced approximately 85 molecules of IL-6/s. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,RETROVIRUS RES LAB,BLDG 29A,RM 3D10,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,BIOL RESOURCES BRANCH,FLOW CYTOMETRY SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 60 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 150 IS 3 BP 793 EP 799 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KJ095 UT WOS:A1993KJ09500010 PM 8423340 ER PT J AU LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ AF LEHMAN, PA FRANZ, TJ TI EFFECT OF AGE AND DIET ON STRATUM-CORNEUM BARRIER FUNCTION IN THE FISCHER-344 FEMALE RAT SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC CALORIC RESTRICTION; FATTY-ACID DEFICIENCY; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; PERMEABILITY BARRIER; SKIN AB Stratum corneum barrier function in the female Fischer 344 rat was assessed in animals ranging from 11 to 144 weeks of age, which were either fed ad libitum or a caloric-restricted diet at 60% ad libitum. Caloric restriction has been shown to increase the life span of rodents and delay age-associated degenerative diseases. The penetration of water, lidocaine, and hydrocortisone were measured in vitro using the finite-dose technique in Franz diffusion chambers. Water permeability did not significantly change with either age or diet condition (with the single exception of the ad libitum 144-week animals). However, between 11 and 44 weeks, both lidocaine and hydrocortisone permeability increased with age in both diet groups. By 44 weeks the caloric restriction animals had significantly greater permeability to lidocaine and hydrocortisone then their ad libitum age cohorts. Between 44 and 144 weeks, skin permeability in the ad libitum animals continued to increase with age, whereas permeability in the caloric restriction animals declined. By 144 weeks the caloric restriction skin was less permeable than the age-matched ad libitum animals but still more permeable than the 11-week animals. The data show that the barrier properties of stratum corneum change with age in the female rat and that this change can be modulated by caloric restriction. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP LEHMAN, PA (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT DERMATOL,SLOT 576,4301 W MARKHAM ST,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 100 IS 2 BP 200 EP 204 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12462809 PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA KM220 UT WOS:A1993KM22000019 PM 8429243 ER PT J AU AGUILERA, J PADROSGIRALT, C HABIG, WH YAVIN, E AF AGUILERA, J PADROSGIRALT, C HABIG, WH YAVIN, E TI GT1B GANGLIOSIDE PREVENTS TETANUS TOXIN-INDUCED PROTEIN-KINASE-C ACTIVATION AND DOWN-REGULATION IN THE NEONATAL BRAIN INVIVO SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE TETANUS TOXIN; PROTEIN KINASE-C; PHORBOL ESTER; GANGLIOSIDES; NEONATAL BRAIN ID RAT-BRAIN; BINDING; CULTURES; ASSOCIATION; SEROTONIN; RECEPTORS; CELLS; INTOXICATION; NEUROTOXIN; MEMBRANES AB A single dose of 0.25 ng of tetanus toxin (TeTx), equivalent to approximately 5 minimal lethal doses, injected intracerebrally to 1-day-old rats, caused translocation, i.e., activation, of Ca2+-phosphatidylserine-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) from the cytosolic to the membrane compartment within 1 h. Six hours after treatment with the toxin, a 4050% reduction in the total brain PKC (cytosolic plus membrane) activity was noticed. GT 1 b (2 mug per brain) ganglioside, a putative receptor for TeTx, completely prevented enzyme translocation when injected intracerebrally 30 min before toxin administration and abolished down-regulation after 6 h from the time of toxin injection. GM 1 (2 mug per brain), a ganglioside of lesser affinity for TeTx, produced by itself a 20-30% reduction of the total PKC activity and did not reverse TeTx-induced PKC down-regulation after 6 h. 12-0-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) phorhol ester, administered at a concentration of 5 x 10(-5) M, caused activation and down-regulation of the enzyme, although with several orders of magnitude lesser potency. GT 1 b prevented the TPA-induced down-regulation. C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT NEUROBIOL,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. US FDA,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP AGUILERA, J (reprint author), UNIV AUTONOMA BARCELONA,DEPT BIOQUIM & BIOL MOLEC,E-08193 CERDANYOLA,SPAIN. RI Aguilera, Jose/N-6519-2015 OI Aguilera, Jose/0000-0002-9906-8034 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 60 IS 2 BP 709 EP 713 DI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03205.x PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA KG671 UT WOS:A1993KG67100041 PM 8419545 ER PT J AU JACKSON, CD BLACKWELL, BN AF JACKSON, CD BLACKWELL, BN TI 2-YEAR TOXICITY STUDY OF DOXYLAMINE SUCCINATE IN THE FISCHER-344 RAT SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-WEIGHT; METHAPYRILENE; TUMORS; TESTS AB Doxylamine succinate, a commonly used antihistamine, was administered as an admixture in the feed to groups of male and female Fischer 344 rats at dose levels of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 parts per million (ppm) (based on free amine) for 65 weeks (9 per group) or two years (48 per group). There were no significant treatment-related differences in survival in either sex. Compared to controls, final body weights of rats in the 2000 ppm group were reduced 8.4% and 22.8% in males and females, respectively. Treatment-related, non-neoplastic lesions were found primarily in the liver and parotid salivary gland. Liver lesions consisted of fatty change and degeneration in both sexes; hyperplasia (resulting from degeneration due to leukemia) and atypical cells in males; and hypertrophy, chronic inflammation, and mixed cell foci in females. Both sexes exhibited a treatment-related increase in cytoplasmic alteration in the salivary glands. Liver neoplasms were found only in the highest dose group of male rats. The trend test was significant (p less-than-or-equal-to 0.05) for increased incidence of hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma with increasing doses of doxylamine, but the increased incidence of either lesion in the high dose group was not significant compared to that in controls. However, when animals with carcinoma or adenoma were combined, the trend test remained significant (p less-than-or-equal-to 0.01), and the incidence of the highest dose group was significantly increased (p less-than-or-equal-to 0.05) over that in controls. No treatment-related increase in neoplasms was found in females, but doxylamine produced a marked dose-related decrease in mammary fibroadenomas. Although not statistically significant, a very rare pineal gland tumor was found in 1 male and 1 female rat in the 2000 ppm group. C1 PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR. RP JACKSON, CD (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,1 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 PG 11 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KU512 UT WOS:A1993KU51200002 ER PT J AU GOLDBERG, AM FRAZIER, JM BRUSICK, D DICKENS, MS FLINT, O GETTINGS, SD HILL, RN LIPNICK, RL RENSKERS, KJ BRADLAW, JA SCALA, RA VERONESI, B GREEN, S WILCOX, NL CURREN, RD AF GOLDBERG, AM FRAZIER, JM BRUSICK, D DICKENS, MS FLINT, O GETTINGS, SD HILL, RN LIPNICK, RL RENSKERS, KJ BRADLAW, JA SCALA, RA VERONESI, B GREEN, S WILCOX, NL CURREN, RD TI FRAMEWORK FOR VALIDATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INVITRO TOXICITY TESTS - REPORT OF THE VALIDATION AND TECHNOLOGY-TRANSFER COMMITTEE OF THE JOHNS-HOPKINS-CENTER FOR ALTERNATIVES TO ANIMAL TESTING SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EYE IRRITATION TEST; REGULATORY ACCEPTANCE; TOXICOLOGY; PROJECT AB In toxicology the development and application of in vitro alternatives to reduce or replace animal testing, or to lessen the distress and discomfort of laboratory animals, is a rapidly developing trend. However, at present there is no formal administrative process to organize, coordinate, or evaluate these activities. A framework capable of fostering the validation of new methods is essential for the effective transfer of new technology from the research laboratory to practical use. This committee has identified four essential validation resources: chemical bank(s), cell and tissue banks, a data bank, and reference laboratories. We recommend the creation of a Scientific Advisory Board of experts in toxicity testing, representing the academic, industrial and regulatory communities. Test validation acceptance is contingent upon broad buy-in by disparate groups in the scientific community: academia, industry and government. We believe that this can be achieved by early and frequent communication among the parties and agreement upon common goals. The committee hopes that the creation of a validation infrastructure built with the elements described in this report will facilitate scientific acceptance and utilization of alternative methodologies and speed implementation of reduction, refinement and replacement alternatives in toxicity testing. C1 HAZELTON LABS AMER INC,VIENNA,VA 22180. AVON PROD INC,SUFFERN,NY. BRISTOL MYERS CO LABS,SYRACUSE,NY 13221. COSMET TOILETRY & FRAGRANCE ASSOC INC,WASHINGTON,DC. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. EXXON BIOMED SCI INC,E MILLSTONE,NJ. MICROBIOL ASSOCIATES INC,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP GOLDBERG, AM (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,615 N WOLFE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21205, USA. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0730-0913 J9 J AM COLL TOXICOL JI J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 12 IS 1 BP 23 EP 30 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KU512 UT WOS:A1993KU51200004 ER PT J AU BUSHAR, G SAGRIPANTI, JL AF BUSHAR, G SAGRIPANTI, JL TI REPLICATION AND PHYSICAL PARAMETERS IMPORTANT FOR PREPARING PURIFIED JUNIN VIRUS SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE JUNIN VIRUS; ARGENTINE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER; XJC13 ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; ARENAVIRUSES AB Junin virus (JV) is an Arenavirus and the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), an often fatal human disease. The attenuated strain XJ-clone 3 (XJCl3) of JV, after being tested in humans, has been considered a promising vaccine. We found that synthesis of JV XJCl3 reaches a peak 2 days after infection and the kinetics of synthesis are little affected by the multiplicity of infection (MOI) in a range from 0.125 to 1.00. Virus synthesis is sensitive to actinomycin D, indicating that cellular biosynthesis is required for viral replication. Combined precipitation and ultracentrifugation of supernatant from virus-infected cells yielded large amounts of concentrated and purified virion that banded in sucrose as a single peak with average density 1.177 +/-0.015 g/ml. Purified virions have an average diameter of 203 +/- 23 nm by electron microscopy and an average sedimentation coefficient of 454 +/- 27 S. The results from the present study should assist in the preparation of large amounts of attenuated Junin virus which are required for vaccination against and diagnosis of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,12709 TWINBROOK PKWY,HFZ-113,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP 147 EP 156 DI 10.1016/0166-0934(93)90122-8 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA KL943 UT WOS:A1993KL94300002 PM 8388396 ER PT J AU KLONTZ, KC MULLEN, RC CORBYONS, TM BARNARD, WP AF KLONTZ, KC MULLEN, RC CORBYONS, TM BARNARD, WP TI VIBRIO WOUND INFECTIONS IN HUMANS FOLLOWING SHARK ATTACK SO JOURNAL OF WILDERNESS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE SHARKS; VIBRIO INFECTIONS; WOUND INFECTION AB There are few published reports of the infectious sequellae of shark attack in humans. Using patient medical records and epidemiologic data from Vibrio surveillance forms maintained by the Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services, we describe the clinical features of three patients with shark-associated wounds from whom Vibrio organisms were recovered in pure culture from clinical specimens. RP KLONTZ, KC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,CLIN NUTR BRANCH,HFF-265,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0953-9859 J9 J WILDERNESS MED PD FEB PY 1993 VL 4 IS 1 BP 68 EP 72 DI 10.1580/0953-9859-4.1.68 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Physiology SC General & Internal Medicine; Physiology GA KM371 UT WOS:A1993KM37100011 ER PT J AU JESSOP, JJ HOFFMAN, T AF JESSOP, JJ HOFFMAN, T TI PRODUCTION AND RELEASE OF IL-1-BETA BY HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES IN RESPONSE TO DIVERSE STIMULI - POSSIBLE ROLE OF MICRODAMAGE TO ACCOUNT FOR UNREGULATED RELEASE SO LYMPHOKINE AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN PROINTERLEUKIN-1-BETA; HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-1; ACTIVATING FACTOR; SIGNAL SEQUENCE; PROTEIN-KINASE; SECRETION; CALCIUM; IL-1; LOCALIZATION; EXOCYTOSIS AB Three different stimuli [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), concanavalin A (Con A), and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)] all induced production and release of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) from human monocytes in vitro. Of the three, LPS demonstrated the greatest potency for IL-1beta production. LPS and Con A demonstrated similar efficacy with respect to IL-1beta release. LPS was approximately 1000 times more potent than Con A in this regard. LPS- and Con A-induced IL-1beta release occurred within 3 h and 12-24 h, respectively. Challenge with PMA induced low levels of IL-1beta production with a relatively large percentage released. IL-1beta release by all three stimuli occurred at concentrations greater than or equal to those required for optimal IL-1beta production. The amount of IL-1beta released correlated with total IL-1beta produced and was associated with release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a cytosolic enzyme marker used to evaluate cell membrane integrity. IL-1beta release preceded LDH release temporally. LPS and Con A had no effect on total cell protein synthesis, a measure of overt toxicity, while PMA inhibited protein synthesis in a dose-dependent fashion. LPS and Con A both induced expression of a 33- and 29-kDa precursor IL-1beta, but only the 17-kDa form was released. These data suggest that IL-1beta is released by a process different from regulated secretion. While PMA induces a more profound damage, LPS and Con A may stimulate release of IL-1beta from human monocytes in vitro through induction of microdamage to the cell membrane. RP JESSOP, JJ (reprint author), US FDA,PHS,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OBR,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,NIH CAMPUS,BLDG 29,RM 223,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0277-6766 J9 LYMPHOKINE CYTOK RES JI Lymphokine Cytokine Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 12 IS 1 BP 51 EP 58 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA KQ623 UT WOS:A1993KQ62300008 PM 8457632 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, GL HOWE, DK BIGGS, DR SMITH, AR LUDWINSKI, P FOX, BC TRIPATHY, DN FRASCH, CE WENGER, JD CAREY, RB HASSANKING, M VODKIN, MH AF MCLAUGHLIN, GL HOWE, DK BIGGS, DR SMITH, AR LUDWINSKI, P FOX, BC TRIPATHY, DN FRASCH, CE WENGER, JD CAREY, RB HASSANKING, M VODKIN, MH TI AMPLIFICATION OF RDNA LOCI TO DETECT AND TYPE NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS AND OTHER EUBACTERIA SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES LA English DT Article DE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; AMPLIFICATION; RIBOSOMAL DNA; NEISSERIA; MENINGOCOCCEMIA; INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; STRAIN IDENTIFICATION ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; INTERCONTINENTAL SPREAD; CLINICAL SPECIMENS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; DNA; EPIDEMIC; IDENTIFICATION C1 CARLE CLIN ASSOC,DEPT MICROBIOL,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,URBANA,IL 61801. CHAMPAIGN URBANA PUBL HLTH DIST,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820. CARLE CLIN ASSOC,URBANA,IL 61801. US FDA,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,OFF BIOL RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. CTR DIS CONTROL,CTR INFECT DIS,DIV BACTERIAL & MYCOT DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. ST FRANCIS HOSP,EVANSTON,IL 60202. MED RES COUNCIL LAB,BANJUL,SENEGAMBIA. RP MCLAUGHLIN, GL (reprint author), PURDUE UNIV,SCH VET MED,DEPT VET PATHOBIOL,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907, USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EYO 8205] NR 38 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0890-8508 J9 MOL CELL PROBE JI Mol. Cell. Probes PD FEB PY 1993 VL 7 IS 1 BP 7 EP 17 DI 10.1006/mcpr.1993.1002 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology GA KN199 UT WOS:A1993KN19900002 PM 8455644 ER PT J AU HENNEY, JE AF HENNEY, JE TI COMBATING MEDICAL FRAUD SO NEW YORK STATE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material RP HENNEY, JE (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MED SOC STATE OF NY PI LAKE SUCCESS PA 420 LAKEVILLE RD P O BOX 5404, LAKE SUCCESS, NY 11042 SN 0028-7628 J9 NEW YORK STATE J MED PD FEB PY 1993 VL 93 IS 2 BP 86 EP 87 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KP617 UT WOS:A1993KP61700002 PM 8455838 ER PT J AU HAMMACK, TS SHERROD, PS BRUCE, VR JUNE, GA SATCHELL, FB ANDREWS, WH AF HAMMACK, TS SHERROD, PS BRUCE, VR JUNE, GA SATCHELL, FB ANDREWS, WH TI GROWTH OF SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS IN GRADE-A EGGS DURING PROLONGED STORAGE SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Note DE EGGS; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; GROWTH; YOLK; DISINFECTION ID SHELL EGGS; IMMUNOLOGIC CONTROL; TYPHOID FEVER; HENS; PATHOGENESIS; TYPHIMURIUM; SURVIVAL AB Migration of Salmonella enteritidis through egg albumen to the yolk and its subsequent growth in the yolk were examined. Submersion of eggs in .1% mercuric chloride solution for 1 h followed by submersion in 70% ethanol for 30 min resulted in an eggshell surface from which no Salmonella organisms were recovered. The eggs were then inoculated with S. enteritidis under the shell membrane. Although growth of S. enteritidis was negligible in eggs refrigerated up to 16 days, the population level of the organism increased by more than 8 log10 units in unrefrigerated eggs stored for the same amount of time. RP HAMMACK, TS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSN INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61802 SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 72 IS 2 BP 373 EP 377 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA KM479 UT WOS:A1993KM47900020 PM 8441733 ER PT J AU YI, PN STANLEY, WS LEE, W AF YI, PN STANLEY, WS LEE, W TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MITOTIC DELAY AND THE MINIMUM DOSE-RATE OF X-IRRADIATION REQUIRED TO STOP CELL-PROLIFERATION SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MAMMALIAN-CELLS; CYCLE; PROGRESSION; SURVIVAL; CULTURE; LINES C1 NEW YORK MED COLL,DEPT RADIAT MED,VALHALLA,NY 10595. CHILDRENS NATL MED CTR,DEPT LAB MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20010. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PEDIAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA 37660] NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 133 IS 2 BP 163 EP 169 DI 10.2307/3578352 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KN250 UT WOS:A1993KN25000004 PM 8438056 ER PT J AU BOWERS, JC AF BOWERS, JC TI RELATIVE VERSUS ABSOLUTE RISK MODELING OF AFLATOXIN - RESPONSE SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Letter RP BOWERS, JC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MATH,HFF-118,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 13 IS 1 BP 9 EP 10 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1993.tb00720.x PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA KK821 UT WOS:A1993KK82100003 PM 8451464 ER PT J AU REMINGTON, J AF REMINGTON, J TI AVAILABILITY OF SULFADIAZINE - UNITED-STATES (REPRINTED FROM MMWR, VOL 41, PG 950-951, 1992) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,OFF GENER DRUGS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV PARASIT DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP REMINGTON, J (reprint author), PALO ALTO MED FDN,RES INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94301, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 27 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 4 BP 461 EP 461 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KH385 UT WOS:A1993KH38500008 ER PT J AU OBIRI, NI HILLMAN, GG HAAS, GP PURI, RK AF OBIRI, NI HILLMAN, GG HAAS, GP PURI, RK TI EXPRESSION OF FUNCTIONAL INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS (IL-4R) ON HUMAN RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA (RCC) TUMOR-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DETROIT,MI 48201. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 80 EP 80 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500283 ER PT J AU ANSHER, SS THOMPSON, WC PURI, RK AF ANSHER, SS THOMPSON, WC PURI, RK TI MODULATION OF HEPATIC DRUG-METABOLISM BY CYTOKINE ADMINISTRATION IN MICE SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20205. US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 85 EP 85 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500302 ER PT J AU MEHROTRA, P WU, D CRIM, JA SIEGEL, JP AF MEHROTRA, P WU, D CRIM, JA SIEGEL, JP TI EFFECTS OF IL-12 ON THE GENERATION OF CYTOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN HIGHLY PURIFIED CD8+ HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-T SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 93 EP 93 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500336 ER PT J AU CLOUSE, KA HOWARD, OMZ WEIH, KA SMITH, C GOODWIN, RG FARRAR, WL AF CLOUSE, KA HOWARD, OMZ WEIH, KA SMITH, C GOODWIN, RG FARRAR, WL TI INHIBITION OF HIV ACTIVATION USING SOLUBLE TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR RECEPTOR SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20895. NCI,FCRDC,BCDP,PRI DYNCORP,FREDERICK,MD 21702. IMMUNEX CORP,SEATTLE,WA 98101. NCI,FCRDC,BRMP,FREDERICK,MD 21702. RI Howard, O M Zack/B-6117-2012 OI Howard, O M Zack/0000-0002-0505-7052 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 103 EP 103 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500374 ER PT J AU JESSOP, JJ HENRY, S HOFFMAN, T AF JESSOP, JJ HENRY, S HOFFMAN, T TI EFFECTS OF THE SERINE PROTEASE INHIBITOR, TAME, ON INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA IN LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE (LPS)-STIMULATED HUMAN MONOCYTES - THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE OF A 33 KDA PRECURSOR AND THE 17 KDA BIOLOGICALLY-ACTIVE SPECIES SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,CELL BIOL LAB,DIV HEMATOL,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500380 ER PT J AU TAGA, K TOSATO, G AF TAGA, K TOSATO, G TI HUMAN IL-10 DIRECTLY INHIBITS T-CELL GROWTH AND CYTOKINE PRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20205. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 108 EP 108 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500394 ER PT J AU TING, CC LIANG, SM CHEN, YY HARGROVE, ME AF TING, CC LIANG, SM CHEN, YY HARGROVE, ME TI IL-4 AND PKC REGULATION OF GENE (PERFORIN) EXPRESSION AND PROTEIN (BLT-ESTERASE) SYNTHESIS IN T-CELL ACTIVATION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500443 ER PT J AU DONNELLY, RP CROFFORD, LJ REMMERS, E OBIRI, N FENTON, MJ WILDER, RL AF DONNELLY, RP CROFFORD, LJ REMMERS, E OBIRI, N FENTON, MJ WILDER, RL TI TISSUE-SPECIFIC REGULATION OF IL-6 PRODUCTION BY IL-4 - DIFFERENTIAL-EFFECTS OF IL-4 ON MONOCYTES AND FIBROBLASTS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAMS,ARTHRITIS & RHEUMAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02118. RI Crofford, Leslie/J-8010-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 144 EP 144 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500515 ER PT J AU BRUNSWICK, M JUNE, C BURKHARDT, A BOLEN, J MOND, J AF BRUNSWICK, M JUNE, C BURKHARDT, A BOLEN, J MOND, J TI SIG MEDIATED DESENSITIZATION OF PLC DEPENDENT PATHWAYS OCCURS AT A POINT DISTAL TO TYROSINE KINASE (TK) ACTIVATION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NMRI,BETHESDA,MD. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB,PRINCETON,NJ. USUHS,BETHESDA,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 26 PY 1993 SU 17B BP 253 EP 253 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN465 UT WOS:A1993KN46500913 ER PT J AU ABIAN, J CHURCHWELL, MI KORFMACHER, WA AF ABIAN, J CHURCHWELL, MI KORFMACHER, WA TI HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF 10 SULFONAMIDE ANTIBIOTICS - ANALYSIS IN MILK AT THE PPB LEVEL SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SULFAMETHAZINE; RESIDUES; CONFIRMATION; EXTRACTS; BOVINE AB Ten sulfonamide antibiotics including sulfanilamide (SNL), sulfamethazine (SMZ), sulfamethizole (SMTZ), sulfachloropyridazine and sulfaquinoxaline (SQX), were analyzed by thermospray (TSP) mass spectrometry on-line with a high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detection system. Except for the pairs SMZ-SMTZ and sulfadimethoxine-SQX, the standards were resolved in both the UV and TSP profiles. Co-eluting compounds could be differentiated in TSP by their different relative molecular masses. The [M + H]+ ion was the base peak for all the standards except SNL, which showed an [M + NH4]+ ion. Collision-induced dissociation of the [M + H]+ ions afforded daughter ion spectra characterized by common ions at m/z 92, 108 and 156, and ions derived from the amine substituent ([MH - 155]+). TSP detection limits [signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 3] were below 20 ng (scan mode), 2 ng (selected reaction monitoring, daughter ions from [M + H]+) and 400 pg (selected ion monitoring). UV detection limits were ca. 2 ng (S/N > 5). Results obtained from the multi-residue analysis of spiked cow milk samples at the low ng/ml level are presented. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RI Abian, Joaquin/M-1965-2014 OI Abian, Joaquin/0000-0003-2823-5429 NR 19 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD JAN 22 PY 1993 VL 629 IS 2 BP 267 EP 276 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(93)87040-S PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KJ729 UT WOS:A1993KJ72900016 PM 8429086 ER PT J AU OWN, ZY WANG, SM CHUNG, JF MILLER, DW FU, PP AF OWN, ZY WANG, SM CHUNG, JF MILLER, DW FU, PP TI SYNTHESIS OF (ETA-6-ARENE)TRICARBONYLCHROMIUM COMPLEXES - REGIOSELECTIVE REACTION OF CHROMIUM HEXACARBONYL WITH POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUBSTITUTION; TRICARBONYL; MECHANISMS; STABILITY AB The reaction of chromium hexacarbonyl with 21 substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was studied. The PAHs employed for study contain two to four aromatic benzo rings and include parent PAHs, mono- and dimethylated PAHs, PAHs with one or two rings saturated, and gamma-keto-hexacyclic and phenyl-substituted derivatives. In general, a partially hydrogenated ring substituent, presumably due to its electron-donating character, directs the reaction regioselectivity to the substituted aromatic ring. This suggests that steric hindrance may not be as important a factor as electron-donating ability. Further evidence for this conclusion is that a methyl substituent, also having electron-donating character, exhibits a similar effect, whereas an electron-withdrawing keto functional group directs the reaction away from the substituted aromatic ring. On the basis of the electronic effects of the substituents observed in this study, we propose that total pi-electron density, in terms of total pi-bond order, of a benzenoid ring in a PAH is a decisive factor in determining the regioselectivity of the coordination reactions between PAHs and chromium hexacarbonyl. In contrast to previous reports that a [Cr(CO)3] group always bonds to the terminal aromatic ring of a PAH, we have found that reactions between chromium hexacarbonyl and two PAHs, 9-methylanthracene and 9,10-dimethylanthracene, occur on the central aromatic ring. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP OWN, ZY (reprint author), PROVIDENCE UNIV,INST APPL CHEM,SHALU,TAIWAN. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD JAN 20 PY 1993 VL 32 IS 2 BP 152 EP 159 DI 10.1021/ic00054a007 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA KH522 UT WOS:A1993KH52200007 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEOS ON FOOD SAFETY IN NURSING-HOMES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 20 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 3 BP 328 EP 328 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KG381 UT WOS:A1993KG38100006 PM 8418328 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PUBLIC WARNING ABOUT HERBAL PRODUCT CHAPARRAL SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 20 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 3 BP 328 EP 328 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KG381 UT WOS:A1993KG38100004 PM 8418328 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI AGENCY POLICY ON INDUSTRY-SUPPORTED CME SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 20 PY 1993 VL 269 IS 3 BP 328 EP 328 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KG381 UT WOS:A1993KG38100005 PM 8418328 ER PT J AU ROE, AL SNAWDER, JE BENSON, RW ROBERTS, DW CASCIANO, DA AF ROE, AL SNAWDER, JE BENSON, RW ROBERTS, DW CASCIANO, DA TI HEPG2 CELLS - AN INVITRO MODEL FOR P450-DEPENDENT METABOLISM OF ACETAMINOPHEN SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LINE; INDUCTION; ETHANOL; HEP-G2; CYTOCHROME-P-450; 1-NITROPYRENE; OXIDATION; ENZYME; RAT C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72206. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT MOLEC BIOL & BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72206. RP ROE, AL (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 25 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 190 IS 1 BP 15 EP 19 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1003 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA KH402 UT WOS:A1993KH40200003 PM 8380689 ER PT J AU EHRENREICH, H COSTA, T CLOUSE, KA PLUTA, RM OGINO, Y COLIGAN, JE BURD, PR AF EHRENREICH, H COSTA, T CLOUSE, KA PLUTA, RM OGINO, Y COLIGAN, JE BURD, PR TI THROMBIN IS A REGULATOR OF ASTROCYTIC ENDOTHELIN-1 SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE THROMBIN; PRIMARY ASTROCYTE; ENDOTHELIN; ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR; INOSITOLPHOSPHOLIPID TURNOVER; AP1; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE PCR ID MESSENGER-RNA; VASOCONSTRICTOR PEPTIDE; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; PROTEASE NEXIN-1; MESANGIAL CELLS; RAT ASTROBLASTS; UMBILICAL VEIN; GROWTH-FACTOR; GLIAL-CELLS; EXPRESSION AB Endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor of cerebral vessels, is produced by rat primary astrocytes and is subject to autostimulatory regulation in these cells. In this study we examined the effect of thrombin on astrocytic endothelins and report that endothelin-1 is released into the culture fluid in response to thrombin treatment. However, increased production of endothelin-1 is not accompanied by a concomitant increase in steady-state levels of endothelin-1 mRNA as assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, even though thrombin stimulation leads to increased inositolphospholipid turnover and activation of the nuclear factor AP1. Thus, astrocytic production of endothelin-1 may be mainly post-transcriptionally regulated in response to thrombin stimulation. In addition, two endothelin receptor genes (ET(A) and ET(B)) were found to be transcribed simultaneously in primary astrocyte cultures, and both thrombin and endothelin-1 stimulation result in a distinct temporary decrease in ET(A) mRNA. These studies suggest a role for thrombin in the regulation of brain perfusion through astrocytic endothelin-1 expression. C1 NIAID,BIOL RESOURCES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,CLIN INVEST LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NICHHD,THEORET & PHYS BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NINCDS,SURG NEUROL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. OI costa, tommaso/0000-0002-8729-3357 NR 44 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 600 IS 2 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(93)91374-2 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA KG868 UT WOS:A1993KG86800004 PM 7679602 ER PT J AU BRAIN, KR HADGRAFT, J JAMES, VJ SHAH, VP WALTERS, KA WATKINSON, AC AF BRAIN, KR HADGRAFT, J JAMES, VJ SHAH, VP WALTERS, KA WATKINSON, AC TI INVITRO ASSESSMENT OF SKIN PERMEATION FROM A TRANSDERMAL SYSTEM FOR THE DELIVERY OF ESTRADIOL SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Note ID ESTRADIOL C1 UNIV WALES COLL CARDIFF,COLL CARDIFF,WELSH SCH PHARM,REDWOOD BLDG,CARDIFF CF1 3XF,WALES. ANEX ANALYT SERV LTD,CARDIFF CF1 3XF,WALES. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 89 IS 2 BP R13 EP R16 DI 10.1016/0378-5173(93)90118-Y PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KK371 UT WOS:A1993KK37100010 ER PT J AU CONTI, A BRANDO, C DEBELL, KE ALAVA, MA HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E AF CONTI, A BRANDO, C DEBELL, KE ALAVA, MA HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E TI CD3-INDUCED PREFERENTIAL HYDROLYSIS OF POLYPHOSPHOINOSITIDES AND CALCIUM REGULATION OF INOSITOL PHOSPHATE-METABOLISM IN A PERMEABILIZED MURINE T-CELL CLONE SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN KINASE-C; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR COMPLEX; HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES-T; 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE 3-KINASE; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; PHORBOL ESTERS; ACTIVATION; HETEROGENEITY; CALMODULIN; ION AB Murine T helper cloned cells permeabilized with the bacterial lysin, tetanolysin, were used to investigate the role of intracellular Ca2+ in regulating myo-[2-H-3] inositol phospholipid (InsPL) hydrolysis triggered upon perturbation of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex. [Ca2+] was controlled by a calcium/magnesium/EGTA buffer. Antibody (mAb) aggregation of CD3 induced InsPL hydrolysis in the absence of added Ca2+. However, stimulated InsPL hydrolysis increased with the free [Ca2+], reaching a maximum at 100-300 nM [Ca2+]. Ca2+ increased the overall efficiency of hydrolysis without changes in EC50 of the anti-CD3 mAb. The response diminished at >300 nM [Ca2+] due to a mixed type inhibition. Ca2+ alone had no effect on inositol phosphate levels. Polyphosphoinositides were preferentially cleaved, since no accumulation of Ins(1)P/Ins(3)P was detected, indicating that direct hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol did not occur, irrespective of the Ca2+ concentration. [Ca2+] above 300 nM shifted the relative amounts of CD3-induced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3) and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5)P4) in favor of the latter. Unlabeled permeabilized cells exposed to greater-than-or-equal-to 100 nM [Ca2+] showed enhanced conversion of [H-3]Ins (1,4,5)P, to [H-3]Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. In conclusion, InsPL hydrolysis is optimally triggered by CD3 perturbation at intracellular Ca2+ levels approximating those observed in intact resting lymphocytes (100 nM). Ca2+ concentrations similar to those triggered by InsPL-derived metabolites may inhibit InsPL hydrolysis and promote Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 production, thus controlling the amounts of Ins(1,4,5)P3. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BLDG 29,RM 231,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 268 IS 2 BP 783 EP 791 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA KG077 UT WOS:A1993KG07700008 PM 8380415 ER PT J AU DOERGE, DR DECKER, CJ TAKAZAWA, RS AF DOERGE, DR DECKER, CJ TAKAZAWA, RS TI CHEMICAL AND ENZYMATIC OXIDATION OF BENZIMIDAZOLINE-2-THIONES - A DICHOTOMY IN THE MECHANISM OF PEROXIDASE INHIBITION SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID THYROID PEROXIDASE; THIOCARBAMIDE GOITROGENS; THIOUREYLENE DRUGS; LACTOPEROXIDASE; INACTIVATION; PROPYLTHIOURACIL; IDENTIFICATION; REACTIVITY; METABOLISM; INVITRO AB Derivatives of imidazole-2-thiones block reactions catalyzed by thyroid peroxidase (TPX) and the closely related lactoperoxidase (LPX), and this property is used therapeutically to treat hyperthyrodism. The reactions of a series of benzimidazoline-2-thiones with chemical and enzymatic oxidants were investigated to probe systematically the mechanism of inhibition. Oxidation of benzimidazoline-2-thione (I) and 1-methylbenzimidazoline-2-thione (II) with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (PBA) yielded reaction products and stoichiometry consistent with benzimidazole-2-sulfenic acids as reactive intermediates. The N,N'-disubstituted nature of 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline-2-thione (III) precludes sulfenic acid formation by tautomerization, and the oxidation of III with PBA yielded products and stoichiometry that were consistent with a benzimidazole-2-sulfonyl ylide as the reactive intermediate. I and II are suicide inhibitors of LPX and TPX, but III was found to inhibit only peroxidase-catalyzed iodination reactions by an alternate substrate mechanism. These results provide support for the hypothesis that imidazole-2-sulfenic acids are important reactive intermediates in the suicide inactivation of TPX and LPX and relate the chemical reactivity of the inhibitor with both the potency and mechanism of inhibition. These results suggest that 1,3-disubstituted thiourea derivatives represent a new class of potential antihyperthyroid drugs that block TPX-catalyzed tyrosine iodination but do not cause irreversible enzyme inactivation. C1 BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA. UNIV HAWAII, DEPT ENVIRONM BIOCHEM, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA. RP DOERGE, DR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 12 PY 1993 VL 32 IS 1 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.1021/bi00052a009 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA KG380 UT WOS:A1993KG38000009 PM 8418860 ER PT J AU LEWIS, RM SCHNEIDER, MCJ AF LEWIS, RM SCHNEIDER, MCJ TI INTRODUCTION OF PROCESS CHANGES IN BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS - A REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 9 PY 1993 SU 17A BP 42 EP 42 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN464 UT WOS:A1993KN46400136 ER PT J AU LIU, DT AF LIU, DT TI PROTEIN-PURIFICATION - SCIENTIFIC AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATION ON GLYCOSYLATION, DEAMIDATION AND OXIDATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL PROTEINS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CBER,FDA,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 9 PY 1993 SU 17A BP 45 EP 45 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN464 UT WOS:A1993KN46400145 ER PT J AU FINBLOOM, DS WILSON, KC FELDMAN, GM AF FINBLOOM, DS WILSON, KC FELDMAN, GM TI INTERFERON-GAMMA RAPIDLY INDUCES IN HUMAN MONOCYTES A NOVEL DNA-BINDING FACTOR THAT RECOGNIZES THE GAMMA-RESPONSE REGION WITHIN THE PROMOTER OF THE GENE FOR THE HIGH-AFFINITY FC-GAMMA RECEPTOR SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 9 PY 1993 SU 17A BP 71 EP 71 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN464 UT WOS:A1993KN46400235 ER PT J AU WANG, JH JONES, C NORCROSS, M BOHNLEIN, E RAZZAQUE, A AF WANG, JH JONES, C NORCROSS, M BOHNLEIN, E RAZZAQUE, A TI SP1 BINDING-ELEMENTS OF THE HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 PROMOTER ARE ESSENTIAL FOR TRANSACTIVATION BY A HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6 TRANSFORMING GENE SEGMENT SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 9 PY 1993 SU 17A BP 132 EP 132 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN464 UT WOS:A1993KN46400477 ER PT J AU DIRKSEN, ML MILLER, A JAMRICH, M AF DIRKSEN, ML MILLER, A JAMRICH, M TI EXPRESSION OF FORK HEAD GENES DURING EARLY XENOPUS DEVELOPMENT SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 9 PY 1993 SU 17A BP 193 EP 193 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA KN464 UT WOS:A1993KN46400717 ER PT J AU SMITH, MJ MAZZOLA, EP SIMS, JJ MIDLAND, SL KEEN, NT BURTON, V STAYTON, MM AF SMITH, MJ MAZZOLA, EP SIMS, JJ MIDLAND, SL KEEN, NT BURTON, V STAYTON, MM TI THE SYRINGOLIDES - BACTERIAL C-GLYCOSYL LIPIDS THAT TRIGGER PLANT-DISEASE RESISTANCE SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The salient structural and bioorganic properties of this new class of signal molecules are reported. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. UNIV WYOMING,DEPT MOLEC BIOL,LARAMIE,WY 82071. RP SMITH, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,NAT PROD & INSTRUMENTAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 10 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1993 VL 34 IS 2 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)60552-X PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA KF932 UT WOS:A1993KF93200009 ER PT J AU ALTERMAN, M CARVAN, M SRIVASTAVA, V LEAKEY, J HART, R BUSBEE, D AF ALTERMAN, M CARVAN, M SRIVASTAVA, V LEAKEY, J HART, R BUSBEE, D TI EFFECTS OF AGING AND LONG-TERM CALORIC RESTRICTION ON HEPATIC-MICROSOMAL MONOOXYGENASES IN FEMALE FISCHER 344 RATS - ALTERATIONS IN BASAL CYTOCHROME-P-450 CATALYTIC ACTIVITIES SO AGE LA English DT Article ID DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; LIVER-MICROSOMES; UPDATE AB The effects of aging and caloric restriction on uninduced levels of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450s and specific P-450-related catalytic activities were evaluated in female Fischer 344 rats. Microsomes were isolated from livers of ad libitum (AL) fed rats 1, 3, 6, 16 and 26 months of age, and from calorie-restricted (CR) rats 6, 16 and 26 months of age. The recovery of microsomal protein was higher in CR than AL rats at 6, 16 and 26 months of age. Between ages 3 and 26 months there was a gradual decline in recovered microsomal P-450, but the differences between successive age categories were not significant. A different trend was observed for total cytochrome P-450 per liver. AL rats showed a 2-fold decline in P-450/liver between 6 and 26 months of age, while P-450/liver of corresponding CR rats increased 1.7-fold. Neither cytochrome b5 nor NADPH cytochrome C reductase varied consistently as a function of increased age, with all age groups showing greater reductase activity for CR rats than for AL rats. Phenobarbital (PB) and methylcholanthrene (MC) inducible cytochrome P-450 catalytic activities (pentoxy [PROD] and ethoxy [EROD] resorufin O-deethylases) exhibited similar age-related alterations that were distinctly different from the two other enzymes examined. Both PROD and EROD showed dramatic declines in activity between 1 and 3 months of age, with a slight increase in activity at 6 months and maintenance of the activity levels through 26 months. Benzphetamine N-demethylase (BND) and aniline p-hydroxylase (APH) activities were also altered as a function of increased age, with CR rats exhibiting increased isozyme activity above that seen for aging AL rats. Calorie restriction appears to have a modulating effect, compensating for an age-related decline of hepatic microsomal monooxygenase activity in female Fischer 344 rats. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL VET MED,DEPT ANAT & PUBL HLTH,COLL STN,TX 77843. TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST,COLL MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,COLL STN,TX 77843. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER AGING ASSOC PI CHESTER PA 2129 PROVIDENCE AVENUE, CHESTER, PA 19013 SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD JAN PY 1993 VL 16 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1007/BF02436124 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA KD002 UT WOS:A1993KD00200001 ER PT J AU GUEST, GB AF GUEST, GB TI USING PROPER DRUGS AND USING THEM PROPERLY SO AGRI-PRACTICE LA English DT Note RP GUEST, GB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU VETERINARY PRACTICE PUBL CO PI SANTA BARBARA PA 7 ASHLEY AVE SOUTH, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93103-9989 SN 0745-452X J9 AGRI-PRACTICE JI Agri-Pract. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 20 EP 24 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA KM242 UT WOS:A1993KM24200004 ER PT J AU NITTA, AT DOUGLAS, JM ARAKERE, G EBENS, JB AF NITTA, AT DOUGLAS, JM ARAKERE, G EBENS, JB TI DISSEMINATED MENINGOCOCCAL INFECTION IN HIV-SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS SO AIDS LA English DT Note DE NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; HIV; AIDS ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; VIRUS-INFECTION; BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; BACTEREMIA; VACCINE; ADULTS; RISK AB Objective: Although increasing numbers of infections due to various bacterial pathogens have been described in HIV-infected individuals, there have been few reports to date of disseminated Neisseria meningitidis infections in such individuals. We describe here the presentation and clinical course of systemic meningococcal infection in two HIV-1-seropositive men and the response to meningococcal vaccine in one. Design and methods: Retrospective analysis of case reports of two patients identified in a municipal hospital in Denver, Colorado, USA, and evaluation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antibody response to quadrivalent (A, C, Y, W-135) meningococcal vaccine. Results: A 27-year-old HIV-seropositive man with bacteremic group Y meningococcal pneumonia and a 45-year-old man with AIDS and group B meningococcal arthritis both responded to short-term antibiotic therapy without recurrence. The second patient responded to meningococcal vaccination with seroconversion to all four serogroups. Conclusions: Disseminated meningococcal infection, although rare in HIV-infected individuals, may present with a variety of clinical manifestations and responds well to antibiotic therapy. Meningococcal vaccine appears to be immunogenic in such individuals. C1 DENVER DIS CONTROL SERV,605 BANNOCK ST,DENVER,CO 80204. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DENVER,CO 80262. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JAN PY 1993 VL 7 IS 1 BP 87 EP 90 DI 10.1097/00002030-199301000-00013 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA KG970 UT WOS:A1993KG97000013 PM 8442922 ER PT B AU SHANK, FR AF SHANK, FR BE Tillotson, JE TI HEALTH MESSAGES ON FOOD LABELS SO AMERICAS FOODS HEALTH MESSAGES AND CLAIMS: SCIENTIFIC, REGULATORY, AND LEGAL ISSUES SE CRC SERIES IN CONTEMPORARY FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Americas Foods Health Messages and Claims: Scientific, Regulatory, and Legal Issues CY MAR, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP TUFT UNIV, FOOD POLICY INST, US FDA, USDA, NATL FOOD PROCESSORS ASSOC, GROCERY MANUFACTURERS AMER, FLORIDA DEPT CITRUS, AMER XYROFIN, CAMPBELL SOUP, FRITO LAY, GEN MILLS C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 BN 0-8493-8001-4 J9 CRC CONTEMP FOOD SCI PY 1993 BP 131 EP 136 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BZ62A UT WOS:A1993BZ62A00009 ER PT B AU VANDERVEEN, JE AF VANDERVEEN, JE BE Tillotson, JE TI FUTURE HEALTH MESSAGES SO AMERICAS FOODS HEALTH MESSAGES AND CLAIMS: SCIENTIFIC, REGULATORY, AND LEGAL ISSUES SE CRC SERIES IN CONTEMPORARY FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Americas Foods Health Messages and Claims: Scientific, Regulatory, and Legal Issues CY MAR, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP TUFT UNIV, FOOD POLICY INST, US FDA, USDA, NATL FOOD PROCESSORS ASSOC, GROCERY MANUFACTURERS AMER, FLORIDA DEPT CITRUS, AMER XYROFIN, CAMPBELL SOUP, FRITO LAY, GEN MILLS C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 BN 0-8493-8001-4 J9 CRC CONTEMP FOOD SCI PY 1993 BP 163 EP 166 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BZ62A UT WOS:A1993BZ62A00014 ER PT J AU WARE, GM FRANCIS, O KUAN, SS UMRIGAR, P CARMAN, A CARTER, L BENNETT, GA AF WARE, GM FRANCIS, O KUAN, SS UMRIGAR, P CARMAN, A CARTER, L BENNETT, GA TI DETERMINATION OF FUMONISIN-B1 IN CORN BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE FUMONISIN-B1; CORN SAMPLE; FLUORESCENCE; DETERMINATION; DERIVATIZATION; REAGENT; NAPHTHALENE-2,3-DICARBOXALDEHYDE; HPLC ID FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; CARCINOGENICITY; RATS AB A method is described for the determination of fumonisin B1 in corn. The method involves sample extraction with methanol:water (75:25) and partial purification using a solid phase extraction. Fumonisin B1 is reacted with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA) to produce a highly fluorescent derivative, 1-cyano-2-alkyl-benz[f]isoindole (CBI) and then separated from the sample matrix on a reverse phase C-18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile:water:acetic acid (55:45:1). The NDA-derivative is quantitated by fluorescence detection at 410 nm excitation and a 440 nm, long past emission filter. Recoveries of fumonisin B1 added to corn at levels of 0.25-20.0 mug/g averaged 88.1% with a coefficient of variation of 10.3%. Confirmation of fumonisin B1 in corn samples was accomplished by fast atom bombardment (FAB) spectroscopy. C1 USDA,NCAUR,PEORIA,IL 61604. RP WARE, GM (reprint author), US FDA,NAT TOXINS RES CTR,4298 ELYSIAN FIELDS AVE,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70122, USA. NR 18 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 1993 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1751 EP 1770 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA LL488 UT WOS:A1993LL48800015 ER PT J AU ZURLO, JJ ONEILL, D POLIS, MA MANISCHEWITZ, J YARCHOAN, R BASELER, M LANE, HC MASUR, H AF ZURLO, JJ ONEILL, D POLIS, MA MANISCHEWITZ, J YARCHOAN, R BASELER, M LANE, HC MASUR, H TI LACK OF CLINICAL UTILITY OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS BLOOD AND URINE CULTURES IN PATIENTS WITH HIV-INFECTION SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE CYTOMEGALOVIRUSES; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; VIRUS CULTIVATION; VIREMIA; VIRURIA; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ID IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; VIRUS INFECTION; SYNDROME AIDS; RETINITIS; MANIFESTATION; DISEASE; GUANINE AB Objective: To determine the clinical significance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) blood and urine cultures in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Design: Inception cohort of patients with HIV infection and CMV culture data. Setting: Government referral-based research hospital. Patients: A total of 322 HIV-infected patients who had a CMV blood culture and 293 HIV-infected patients who had a CMV urine culture within 7 days of a CD4 determination. Measurements: Cytomegalovirus blood and urine culture results; circulating CD4 lymphocyte counts; pathologic or retinopathic findings of CMV disease. Results: Nine of 26 patients (34.6%) with CMV viremia subsequently developed CMV end-organ disease compared with 11 of 74 (14.9%) patients without viremia, (difference, 19.7%; 95% CI, -0.3% to 39.7%). Fifteen of 47 patients (31.9%) with CMV viruria developed end-organ disease compared with 4 of 43 (9.3%) patients without viruria, (difference, 22.6%; CI, 6.7% to 38.5%). Cytomegalovirus culture positivity had poor predictive value for the subsequent development of end-organ disease (35% for viremia and 28% for viruria). Further, patients with proven end-organ disease were often not viremic (45%), but most were viruric (88%). Cytomegalovirus viremia did not correlate with the presence of either fever or weight loss in this patient group. Both blood culture positivity and urine culture positivity varied inversely with the CD4 count (P = 0.0001 for both associations). Conclusions: The likelihood that a blood or urine culture will be positive in a patient with HIV infection correlates better with immunologic status than with current or future clinical status. Although the absence of CMV viruria may suggest that CMV disease is not present, CMV blood and urine cultures have poor diagnostic and predictive value and therefore should be used primarily for research purposes or drug susceptibility testing and not for making clinical decisions. C1 NIH,WARREN GRANT MAGNUSON CLIN CTR,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,PROGRAM RESOURCES INC DYNCORP,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NIAID,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. OI Polis, Michael/0000-0002-9151-2268 FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102] NR 16 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 118 IS 1 BP 12 EP 17 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KE605 UT WOS:A1993KE60500003 PM 8093214 ER PT J AU STRAUS, SE COHEN, JI TOSATO, G MEIER, J AF STRAUS, SE COHEN, JI TOSATO, G MEIER, J TI EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS INFECTIONS - BIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, AND MANAGEMENT SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Discussion DE EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; B-LYMPHOCYTES; INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS; BURKITTS LYMPHOMA; LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS ID LINKED LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; LATENT MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; ORAL HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA; T-CELL EPITOPE; B-CELLS; APLASTIC-ANEMIA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HODGKINS-DISEASE; VIRAL LATENCY AB Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes genes that ensure its persistence in human B lymphocytes. Some of the genes encourage B-cell proliferation; others are poised to evade or defeat immune recognition. Immune restraints on the virus, however, are typically so effective that most infections are never symptomatic. In contrast, acute infectious mononucleosis, a self-limited lymphoproliferative illness, is common in adolescents and young adults. Unbridled proliferative illnesses arise when cellular immunity is grossly defective. Treatment of EBV-associated syndromes is largely supportive. Antiviral drugs have no proven role except in patients with oral hairy leukoplakia. Vaccine development is technically feasible but is not considered a high priority for developed nations. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP STRAUS, SE (reprint author), NIAID,MED VIROL SECT,CLIN INVEST LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 11N228,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 107 TC 270 Z9 281 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 118 IS 1 BP 45 EP 58 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KE605 UT WOS:A1993KE60500009 PM 8380053 ER PT J AU CRESCENZO, DG HILBERT, SL MESSIER, RH DOMKOWSKI, PW BARRICK, MK LANGE, PL FERRANS, VJ WALLACE, RB HOPKINS, RA AF CRESCENZO, DG HILBERT, SL MESSIER, RH DOMKOWSKI, PW BARRICK, MK LANGE, PL FERRANS, VJ WALLACE, RB HOPKINS, RA TI HUMAN CRYOPRESERVED HOMOGRAFTS - ELECTRON-MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF CELLULAR INJURY SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID AORTIC-VALVE REPLACEMENT; TERM FOLLOW-UP; ALLOGRAFT AB Twenty-five human cryopreserved valves with harvest-related warm ischemic times (WITs) ranging from 0 to 20 hours were studied using transmission electron microscopy to characterize the effects of harvesting and preservation on leaflet matrix cells. The valves were divided into seven groups on the basis of WIT and processed using standard transmission electron microscopic methods. Each cell (528 micrographs) was graded for reversible and irreversible cellular injury and subjected to a Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel trend analysis. Our results demonstrated a progression in cellular injury with increasing WIT. During the first 12 hours of warm ischemia, reversible cellular injury predominated (0.0%, 30.0%, 51.2%, 31.3%, 35.1%, 45.1%, and 40.0% at WITs of 0, 1, 2, 8, 12, 16, and 20 hours, respectively). A positive correlation (p < 0.0001) between increasing WIT and reversible cellular injury through the first 12 hours was observed. Minimal morphologic evidence of irreversible injury was noted in valves harvested with less than 12 hours of warm ischemia; however, after 12 hours there was a marked increase (0.0%, 0.0%, 4.7%, 2.4%, 2.7%, 31.4%, and 40.0% at WITs of 0, 1, 2, 8, 12, 16, and 20 hours, respectively) in irreversible cellular injury (p < 0.001 between 12 and 20 hours WIT). These data demonstrate a progression in cellular injury with increasing WIT. There was virtually no morphologic injury in valves with harvest-related WITs less than 2 hours and minimal irreversible cellular injury observed in valves exposed to 12 hours or less of warm ischemia. If cellular viability is critical to homograft durability then harvest-related warm ischemia may need to be restricted to 12 hours. C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,4PHC,3800 RESERVOIR RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 55 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA KF248 UT WOS:A1993KF24800005 PM 8417694 ER PT J AU EGAN, W AF EGAN, W TI THE DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT STATUS OF GLYCOCONJUGATE VACCINES SO ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, VOL 28 SE ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCUS; SIALIC-ACID POLYSACCHARIDE; PROTEIN CONJUGATE VACCINE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K1; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; YOUNG-CHILDREN RP EGAN, W (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PK,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 63 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0065-7743 J9 ANNU REP MED CHEM PY 1993 VL 28 BP 257 EP 265 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BA26B UT WOS:A1993BA26B00027 ER PT J AU BLACK, PL DOWNS, MB LEWIS, MG USSERY, MA DREYER, GB PETTEWAY, SR LAMBERT, DM AF BLACK, PL DOWNS, MB LEWIS, MG USSERY, MA DREYER, GB PETTEWAY, SR LAMBERT, DM TI ANTIRETROVIRAL ACTIVITIES OF PROTEASE INHIBITORS AGAINST MURINE LEUKEMIA-VIRUS AND SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IN TISSUE-CULTURE SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC HIV-1 PROTEASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HTLV-III; RETROVIRAL PROTEASES; VIRAL INFECTIVITY; ASPARTIC PROTEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RATIONAL DESIGN; CELL LINES; MATURATION AB Rationally designed synthetic inhibitors of retroviral proteases inhibit the processing of viral polyproteins in cultures of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected T lymphocytes and, as a result, inhibit the infectivity of HIV-1 for such cultures. The ability of HIV-1 protease inhibitors to suppress replication of the C-type retrovirus Rauscher murine leukemia virus (R-MuLV) and the HIV-related lentivirus simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was examined in plaque reduction assays and syncytium reduction assays, respectively. Three of seven compounds examined blocked production of infectious R-MuLV, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of less-than-or-equal-to 1 muM. Little or no cellular cytotoxicity was detectable at concentrations up to 100 muM. The same compounds which inhibited the infectivity of HIV-1 also produced activity against SIV and R-MuLV. Electron microscopic examination revealed the presence of many virions with atypical morphologies in cultures treated with the active compounds. Morphometric analysis demonstrated that the active compounds reduced the number of membrane-associated virus particles. These results demonstrate that synthetic peptide analog inhibitors of retroviral proteases significantly inhibit proteolytic processing of the gag polyproteins of R-MuLV and SIV and inhibit the replication of these retroviruses. These results are similar to those for inhibition of HIV-1 infectivity by these compounds, and thus, R-MuLV and SIV might be suitable models for the in vivo evaluation of the antiretroviral activities of these protease inhibitors. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV PATHOL,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARMACEUT,DEPT MED CHEM,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARMACEUT,DEPT ANTIINFECT,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406. RP BLACK, PL (reprint author), SO RES INST,FREDERICK RES CTR,FREDERICK,MD 21701, USA. FU PHS HHS [1U01A125617] NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 37 IS 1 BP 71 EP 77 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KF247 UT WOS:A1993KF24700013 PM 8381640 ER PT J AU PITHA, J ANAND, R AF PITHA, J ANAND, R TI ALPHA-CYCLODEXTRIN SULFATE, AN ANTI-HIV AGENT, RETAINS ITS ANTIVIRAL EFFECT IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROCORTISOL PHOSPHATE SO ANTIVIRAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Note AB Cyclodextrin sulphates alpha (a) and beta (b) were found to be inhibitors of replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); the same cells were also stimulated to proliferate (Anand et al., 1990). B-Cyclodextrin sulphate was also found to stimulate another, more complex, cell proliferation-neovascularization process in rabbit cornea (Folkman et al., 1989). Since the process of neovascularization is generally associated with progression of tumour growth and other pathologies, it is obvious that its stimulation by an antiviral compound may be a serious side effect. Nevertheless endotoxin-induced neovascularization can be suppressed by simultaneous treatment with b-cyclodextrin sulphate and glucocorticoids (Folkman et al., 1989). The same co-treatment may possibly be used to improve antiviral action of cyclodextrin sulphates, but such a combination therapy may not be free of complications. Glucocorticoids also affect the stability of various cellular membranes. Treatment of cells in vitro by glucocorticoids is known to stabilize their lysozymes. Glucocorticoids affect both the proliferative capacity of the cells (Cristofalo, 1972) and cytopathic effects of rabies viral infection. Furthermore, it has been reported that the cytopathic effects of rabies and of yellow fever viruses were inhibited while those of the polio virus were only mildly affected (Hannoun et al., 1965). Consequently, in this work we evaluated effects of a glucocorticoid and of glucocorticoid-a-cyclodextrin sulphate combination on HIV-1 replication. C1 NIA,GERONTOL RES CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0956-3202 J9 ANTIVIR CHEM CHEMOTH JI Antivir. Chem. Chemother. PY 1993 VL 4 IS 1 BP 65 EP 66 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA KG792 UT WOS:A1993KG79200008 ER PT J AU QIAN, M SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, M VISHWANATHAN, CT GALLO, JM AF QIAN, M SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, M VISHWANATHAN, CT GALLO, JM TI PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF ANTI-HIV DRUG-INTERACTIONS - EFFECT OF ZIDOVUDINE ON 2'-3'-DIDEOXYINOSINE KINETICS IN MONKEYS SO ANTIVIRAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; AZIDOTHYMIDINE AZT; DOUBLE-BLIND; 2',3'-DIDEOXYINOSINE; DIDANOSINE; 3'-AZIDO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE; TOXICITY; THERAPY AB The current investigation was conducted to determine if zidovudine (AZT) altered the pharmacokinetics of dideoxyinosine (ddl) in non-human primates, an appropriate animal model for AZT and ddl pharmacokinetics in human. Each of nine animals received 20 mg kg-1 of ddl intravenously in the absence and presence of two different dosage regimens of AZT. For each combination regimen, AZT was administered as a combined i.v. bolus-constant rate infusion regimen for 30 min that produced AZT plasma concentrations of about 4 mug ml 1 in six animals (low dose group) and 11 mug ml-1 in three others (high dose group). Serial blood samples were collected, and pharmacokinetic parameters for ddl were calculated based on plasma ddl concentrations measured by HPLC techniques. The pharmacokinetics of ddl given alone in the first phase of the low (n = 6) and high (n = 6) dose AZT groups, resulted in a mean elimination half-life 1.54 and 1.9h, a mean total clearance of 0.62 and 0.731 h-1 kg-1, and a mean steady state volume of distribution of 1.02 and 0.891 kg-1, respectively. Following combined ddl and AZT administrations, in both the low and high dose AZT groups, plasma concentration-time profiles of ddl were similar for each monkey, and no statistical differences were observed in the pharmacokinetic parameters compared to those obtained when ddl was given alone. The fact that AZT does not alter the pharmacokinetics of ddl at the range of AZT dose studied provides a basis for rational dosage design for combined ddl and AZT treatments in HIV infection. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT,ATHENS,GA 30602. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0956-3202 J9 ANTIVIR CHEM CHEMOTH JI Antivir. Chem. Chemother. PY 1993 VL 4 IS 3 BP 155 EP 159 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA LB655 UT WOS:A1993LB65500004 ER PT J AU DATTA, AR MOORE, MAA WENTZ, BA LANE, J AF DATTA, AR MOORE, MAA WENTZ, BA LANE, J TI IDENTIFICATION AND ENUMERATION OF LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES BY NONRADIOACTIVE DNA PROBE COLONY HYBRIDIZATION SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHOLIPASE-C ACTIVITY; NONPATHOGENIC LISTERIA; INTRACELLULAR GROWTH; HEMOLYSIN; VIRULENCE; PROTEIN; GENE; DISTINGUISH; DETERMINANT; IVANOVII AB A plasmid containing the cloned listeriolysin gene of Listeria monocytogenes was used as a probe to identify Listeria strains by DNA colony hybridization. The probe DNA was labeled with horseradish peroxidase in the presence of glutaraldehyde. After the hybridization and wash procedures, the hybrid molecules were detected by luminescence, which resulted from the oxidation of luminol by a horseradish peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide-coupled reaction. Of the 150 Listeria strains and 16 non-Listeria strains examined, the probe hybridized only with L. monocytogenes. The technique was also used to enumerate L. monocytogenes in artificially contaminated foods. RP DATTA, AR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 42 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 59 IS 1 BP 144 EP 149 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA KF249 UT WOS:A1993KF24900024 PM 8439145 ER PT J AU PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, R AF PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, R TI PULSED ULTRAVIOLET-LASER ABLATION SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID EXCIMER LASER; BIOLOGICAL TISSUE; XECL LASER; POLYIMIDE; POLYMERS; ABSORPTION; PHOTOABLATION; SPECTRUM; FILMS; NM AB The radiation transport involved in pulsed ultraviolet laser ablation of organic materials has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. A mathematical description of the absorption process that includes nonlinear effects such as chromophore saturation and multiphoton absorption is presented. This theoretical model accurately describes the observed polymer etch depth versus incident laser fluence relationship for various target materials, laser wavelengths, and pulse durations varying from nanoseconds to subpicoseconds. The theoretical analysis can also be used to explain observed nonlinearities in the transmission characteristics of polyimide subjected to intense KrF excimer laser irradiation. C1 RICE UNIV,RICE QUANTUM INST,HOUSTON,TX 77251. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP PETTIT, GH (reprint author), RICE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA. NR 37 TC 120 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 56 IS 1 BP 51 EP 63 DI 10.1007/BF00351903 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA KC880 UT WOS:A1993KC88000009 ER PT J AU MOREHOUSE, KM DESROSIERS, MF AF MOREHOUSE, KM DESROSIERS, MF TI ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE INVESTIGATIONS OF GAMMA-IRRADIATED SHRIMP SHELL SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON ESR ( ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE ) DOSIMETRY AND APPLICATIONS CY OCT 14-18, 1991 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DEPT COMMERCE, US DEF NUCL AGCY, US DOE HO NIST DE ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; ESR; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; SHRIMP SHELL; FREE RADICALS; SHRIMP ID FOOD AB Gamma-irradiation of shrimp shell induces the formation of stable free radicals, which can be monitored by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The ESR spectrum of the free radicals is more complex than was originally reported, and was found to be species-dependent. The results presented include the effects of the following parameters on the ESR spectrum: different types of pre- and post-irradiation processing, absorbed dose, storage time, and species variations. The effects of these parameters on the ESR spectra are used to explain discrepancies between previously reported spectra for irradiated shrimp shell. Finally, the possible application of ESR spectroscopy as a tool for post-irradiation monitoring of shrimp is assessed. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,TECHNOL ADM DEPT COMMERCE,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP MOREHOUSE, KM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 429 EP 432 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(93)90261-8 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KP625 UT WOS:A1993KP62500076 PM 8386049 ER PT J AU KAZEMPOUR, MK GRAYBILL, FA AF KAZEMPOUR, MK GRAYBILL, FA TI CONFIDENCE-BOUNDS FOR RATIO OF VARIANCE-COMPONENTS IN UNBALANCED 2-WAY CROSSED MODELS SO ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT-ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL BREEDING LA English DT Article DE CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR VARIANCE COMPONENTS; UNBALANCED 2-WAY MODELS; EMPTY CELLS AB Consider the two-way crossed components-of-variance model given by y(ijk) = mu + A(i) + B(j) + E(ijk) (i = 1,2, ... , a; j = 1,2, ..., b; k = 1,2, ... n(ij) greater-than-or-equal-to 0) where A(i), B(j) and E(ijk) are unobservable independent normal random variables with means zero and variances sigma(A)2, sigma(B)2 and sigma(E)2 respectively. In this paper confidence bounds on p(A) = sigma(A)2/sigma2 and p(B) = sigma(B)2/sigma2, where sigma2 = sigma(A)2 + sigma(B)2 + sigma(E)2, are derived for the above model. The balanced incomplete block model is a special case. RP KAZEMPOUR, MK (reprint author), US FDA,5600 FISHERS LN,HFD 715,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARCHIV FUR TIERZUCHT PI DUMMERSTORF PA WILHELM-STAHL-ALLEE 2, D-18196 DUMMERSTORF, GERMANY SN 0003-9438 J9 ARCH TIERZUCHT JI Arch. Tierz.-Arch. Anim. Breed. PY 1993 VL 36 IS 1 BP 105 EP 114 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA KL058 UT WOS:A1993KL05800010 ER PT J AU HASE, T DUBOIS, DR SUMMERS, PL DOWNS, MB USSERY, MA AF HASE, T DUBOIS, DR SUMMERS, PL DOWNS, MB USSERY, MA TI COMPARISON OF REPLICATION RATES AND PATHOGENICITIES BETWEEN THE SA-14 PARENT AND SA-14-14-2 VACCINE STRAINS OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS IN MOUSE-BRAIN NEURONS SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CULTURED MOSQUITO CELLS; ENVELOPE PROTEIN-E; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; ATTENUATED VACCINE; ENTRY; FLAVIVIRUSES; GLYCOPROTEIN AB The replication rates and pathogenicities of the SA 14 parent and SA 14-14-2 vaccine strains of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus in neurons of the mouse brain following intracerebral inoculation were compared. All the mice inoculated with the SA 14 parent strain died within one week postinoculation (p.i.), whereas all the mice inoculated with the SA 14 - 14-2 vaccine strains survived without showing any signs of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The virus titers of the mouse brains inoculated with the SA 14 strain reached progressively higher levels until day 5 when the animals died. On the other hand, the virus titers of the mouse brains inoculated with the SA 14- 14-2 strain persisted at low levels for several days and could not be detected after 10 days. In the routine electron microscopical study, a majority of neurons in the mouse brains inoculated with the SA 14 strain contained virions and showed characteristic cytopathological changes in connection with viral replication. In the brains inoculated with the SA 14- 14-2. strain, however, we failed to find neurons containing virions or showing characteristic cytopathological changes. In the alkaline phosphatase immunostaining of paraffin-embedded sections, a majority of neurons in the brains of mice inoculated with the SA 14 strain stained positively on day 5 p.i., but only a small number of neurons in scattered small foci stained positively in the brains inoculated with the SA 14- 14-2 strain. The immunogold staining of Vibratome sections also revealed the identical patterns; moreover, electron microscopical examination of the immunopositive foci of the brain inoculated with the vaccine strain revealed neurons that contained virions in dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), indicating that the SA 14- 14-2 strain also replicated, albeit poorly, in neurons. The present results showed that upon intracerebral inoculation into mice the SA 14 parent strain of JE virus grew vigorously in a large number of neurons, killing the animals, while the SA 14- 14-2 vaccine strain grew poorly only in a small number of neurons without causing mortality. Possible mechanisms involved in the alteration of pathogenicity between the SA 14 parent virus and the SA 14- 14-2 vaccine virus are discussed. C1 WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT BIOL RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT PATHOL,FT DETRICK,MD. US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP HASE, T (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PATHOL,DEPT ULTRASTRUCT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1993 VL 130 IS 1-2 BP 131 EP 143 DI 10.1007/BF01319002 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA LC650 UT WOS:A1993LC65000011 PM 8503779 ER PT J AU ABLASHI, D AGUT, H BERNEMAN, Z CAMPADELLIFIUME, G CARRIGAN, D CECCERININELLI, L CHANDRAN, B CHOU, S COLLANDRE, H CONE, R DAMBAUGH, T DEWHURST, S DILUCA, D FOATOMASI, L FLECKENSTEIN, B FRENKEL, N GALLO, R GOMPELS, U HALL, C JONES, M LAWRENCE, G MARTIN, M MONTAGNIER, L NEIPEL, F NICHOLAS, J PELLETT, P RAZZAQUE, A TORRELLI, G THOMSON, B SALAHUDDIN, S WYATT, L YAMANISHI, K AF ABLASHI, D AGUT, H BERNEMAN, Z CAMPADELLIFIUME, G CARRIGAN, D CECCERININELLI, L CHANDRAN, B CHOU, S COLLANDRE, H CONE, R DAMBAUGH, T DEWHURST, S DILUCA, D FOATOMASI, L FLECKENSTEIN, B FRENKEL, N GALLO, R GOMPELS, U HALL, C JONES, M LAWRENCE, G MARTIN, M MONTAGNIER, L NEIPEL, F NICHOLAS, J PELLETT, P RAZZAQUE, A TORRELLI, G THOMSON, B SALAHUDDIN, S WYATT, L YAMANISHI, K TI HUMAN HERPESVIRUS-6 STRAIN GROUPS - A NOMENCLATURE SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. HOP LA PITIE SALPETRIERE,PARIS,FRANCE. CHILDRENS HOSP,SEATTLE,WA. DUPONT MERCK PHARMACEUT CO,WILMINGTON,PA. IST MICROBIOL,FERRARA,ITALY. MAQUARIE UNIV,SYDNEY,NSW,AUSTRALIA. UNIV PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. VET ADM MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97207. TEL AVIV UNIV,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV BOLOGNA,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. UNIV KANSAS,LAWRENCE,KS 66045. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. UNIV CAMBRIDGE,CAMBRIDGE,ENGLAND. CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,VIRAL EXANTHEMS & HERPESVIRUS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. UNIV MODENA,I-41100 MODENA,ITALY. OSAKA UNIV,OSAKA,JAPAN. MED COLL WISCONSIN,MILWAUKEE,WI 53226. INST PASTEUR,F-75724 PARIS 15,FRANCE. UNIV ERLANGEN NURNBERG,W-8520 ERLANGEN,GERMANY. HAMMERSMITH HOSP,LONDON W12 0HS,ENGLAND. NATL INST MED RES,LONDON NW7 1AA,ENGLAND. UNIV SO CALIF,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RI Di Luca, Dario/M-9781-2014 OI Di Luca, Dario/0000-0001-9643-9170 NR 18 TC 143 Z9 145 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1993 VL 129 IS 1-4 BP 363 EP 366 DI 10.1007/BF01316913 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA KT986 UT WOS:A1993KT98600034 ER PT B AU CHEN, M PATNAIK, R DIGHE, S WILLIAMS, RL AF CHEN, M PATNAIK, R DIGHE, S WILLIAMS, RL BE Midha, KK Blume, HH TI BIOEQUIVALENCE OF MARKETED FORMULATIONS - HIGHLY VARIABLE DRUGS AND OTHER ISSUES SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETICS SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference of F I P - Bio-International 92: Bioavailability, Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetics CY MAY 20-22, 1992 CL BAD HOMBURG, GERMANY SP FEDERAT INT PHARM, AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, CANADIAN HLTH PROTECT BRANCH, BUNDESGESUNDHEITSAMT, EUROPEAN FEDERAT PHARM SCI, ACAD PHARM SCI & TECHNOL JAPAN, DUTCH MED EVALUAT BOARD, ZENTRALLAB DEUT APOTHEKER C1 US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL PI STUTTGART PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY J9 F I P PAPERBACK PY 1993 BP 125 EP 131 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BA31E UT WOS:A1993BA31E00009 ER PT B AU DIGHE, SV PATNAIK, RN AF DIGHE, SV PATNAIK, RN BE Midha, KK Blume, HH TI NEED FOR METABOLITE ANALYSIS IN BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDIES SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETICS SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference of F I P - Bio-International 92: Bioavailability, Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetics CY MAY 20-22, 1992 CL BAD HOMBURG, GERMANY SP FEDERAT INT PHARM, AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, CANADIAN HLTH PROTECT BRANCH, BUNDESGESUNDHEITSAMT, EUROPEAN FEDERAT PHARM SCI, ACAD PHARM SCI & TECHNOL JAPAN, DUTCH MED EVALUAT BOARD, ZENTRALLAB DEUT APOTHEKER C1 US FDA,DIV BIOEQUIVALENCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL PI STUTTGART PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY J9 F I P PAPERBACK PY 1993 BP 149 EP 161 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BA31E UT WOS:A1993BA31E00012 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP WILLIAMS, RL AF SHAH, VP WILLIAMS, RL BE Midha, KK Blume, HH TI BIOEQUIVALENCE OF TOPICALLY ADMINISTERED DRUGS SO BIO-INTERNATIONAL: BIOAVAILABILITY, BIOEQUIVALENCE AND PHARMACOKINETICS SE F.I.P. PAPERBACK LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference of F I P - Bio-International 92: Bioavailability, Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetics CY MAY 20-22, 1992 CL BAD HOMBURG, GERMANY SP FEDERAT INT PHARM, AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, CANADIAN HLTH PROTECT BRANCH, BUNDESGESUNDHEITSAMT, EUROPEAN FEDERAT PHARM SCI, ACAD PHARM SCI & TECHNOL JAPAN, DUTCH MED EVALUAT BOARD, ZENTRALLAB DEUT APOTHEKER C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDPHARM GMBH SCIENTIFIC PUBL PI STUTTGART PA BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, D-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY J9 F I P PAPERBACK PY 1993 BP 267 EP 272 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BA31E UT WOS:A1993BA31E00023 ER PT B AU MARLOWE, DE AF MARLOWE, DE BE Morrey, BF TI REGULATION OF BIOMATERIALS AND MEDICAL DEVICES SO BIOLOGICAL, MATERIAL, AND MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF JOINT REPLACEMENT SE BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB / ZIMMER ORTHOPAEDIC SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7TH ANNUAL BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB / ZIMMER ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH SYMP : BIOLOGICAL, MATERIAL, AND MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF JOINT REPLACEMENT CY OCT 29-31, 1992 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP BRISTOL MYERS, SQUIBB, ZIMMER RP MARLOWE, DE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAVEN PRESS PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-7817-0008-6 J9 BRIS MYER Z PY 1993 BP 397 EP 404 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Orthopedics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Orthopedics GA BY98W UT WOS:A1993BY98W00039 ER PT B AU MELKERSON, MN YAHIRO, MA MISHRA, NK AF MELKERSON, MN YAHIRO, MA MISHRA, NK BE Morrey, BF TI REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE FOR ORTHOPEDIC DEVICES SO BIOLOGICAL, MATERIAL, AND MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF JOINT REPLACEMENT SE BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB / ZIMMER ORTHOPAEDIC SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7TH ANNUAL BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB / ZIMMER ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH SYMP : BIOLOGICAL, MATERIAL, AND MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF JOINT REPLACEMENT CY OCT 29-31, 1992 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP BRISTOL MYERS, SQUIBB, ZIMMER RP MELKERSON, MN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV GEN & RESTORAT DEVICES,ORTHOPED BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAVEN PRESS PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-7817-0008-6 J9 BRIS MYER Z PY 1993 BP 405 EP 422 PG 18 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Orthopedics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Orthopedics GA BY98W UT WOS:A1993BY98W00040 ER PT J AU GARTHRIGHT, WE AF GARTHRIGHT, WE TI BIAS IN THE LOGARITHM OF MICROBIAL DENSITY ESTIMATES FROM SERIAL DILUTIONS SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BIAS; MOST PROBABLE NUMBER; MPN; DILUTION METHOD; SERIAL DILUTIONS ID ORGANISMS AB The bias in the most-probable-number (MPN) estimate of microbial densities derived from serial dilutions might be less important than it has appeared to be. For many purposes, bias in the logarithm of the MPN is more important than bias in the MPN, and the bias in the logarithm is much less. The lesser bias has been reduced by using the theorems of Salama, Koch, and Tolley. Formulas and tables are provided. C1 US FDA,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0323-3847 J9 BIOMETRICAL J JI Biom. J. PY 1993 VL 35 IS 3 BP 299 EP 314 DI 10.1002/bimj.4710350306 PG 16 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA LA197 UT WOS:A1993LA19700005 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, CD AF ROBERTS, CD TI UNBIASED ESTIMATION OF ODDS RATIO BY USING NEGATIVE BINOMIAL PLANS SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE NEGATIVE BINOMIAL; ODDS RATIO; UNBIASED ESTIMATE; EXACT VARIANCE; SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION AB The use of the negative binomial distribution in both the numerator and denominator in prospective studies leads to an unbiased estimate of the odds ratio and an exact expression for its variance. Sample sizes that minimize the variance of odds ratio estimates are specified. The variance of the odds ratio estimate is shown to be close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0323-3847 J9 BIOMETRICAL J JI Biom. J. PY 1993 VL 35 IS 5 BP 581 EP 587 DI 10.1002/bimj.4710350507 PG 7 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA LP185 UT WOS:A1993LP18500006 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ AF CHEN, JJ TI TREND TEST FOR OVERDISPERSED PROPORTIONS SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COCHRAN-ARMITAGE TEST; SCORE TEST; WALD TEST; TERATOLOGY; INTRALITTER CORRELATION ID TERATOLOGY; MODELS AB The Cochran-Armitage test has commonly been used for a trend test in binomial proportions. The quasi-likelihood method provides a simple approach to model extra-binomial proportions. Two versions of the score and Wald tests using different parameterizations for the extra-binomial variance were investigated: one in terms of intercluster correlation, and another in terms of variance. The Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the performance of the each version of the score test and the Wald test, and the Cochran-Armitage test. The simulation shows that the Cochran-Armitage test has the proper size only for the binomial sample data, and the test is no longer valid when applied to the extra-binomial data. The Wald test is more likely to exceed the nominal level than the score test under either intercluster correlation model or variance model. Both score tests performed very well even with the binomial data; the tests control the type I error and in the meantime maintain the power of detecting the dose effects. Based on the design considered in this paper, the two scores test are comparable. The score test based on the intercluster correlations model seems better controlling the Type I error but appears less powerful than that based on the variance model. An example from a developmental toxicity experiment is given. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0323-3847 J9 BIOMETRICAL J JI Biom. J. PY 1993 VL 35 IS 8 BP 949 EP 958 DI 10.1002/bimj.4710350809 PG 10 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA MH319 UT WOS:A1993MH31900005 ER PT S AU CIARDIELLO, F TORTORA, G PEPE, S BIANCO, C BALDASSARRE, G RUGGIERO, A BIANCO, C SELVAM, MP BIANCO, AR AF CIARDIELLO, F TORTORA, G PEPE, S BIANCO, C BALDASSARRE, G RUGGIERO, A BIANCO, C SELVAM, MP BIANCO, AR BE Squartini, F Bevilacqua, G Conte, PF Surbone, A TI REDUCTION OF RI-ALPHA SUBUNIT OF CAMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE EXPRESSION INDUCES GROWTH-INHIBITION OF HUMAN MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS TRANSFORMED BY TGF-ALPHA, C-HA-RAS, AND C-ERBB-2 GENES SO BREAST CANCER: FROM BIOLOGY TO THERAPY SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pisa Symposia in Oncology, to Celebrate the 650th Anniversary of the Founding of the University of Pisa CY OCT 19-21, 1992 CL PISA, ITALY SP UNIV PISA, NATL INST CANC RES, SANTA CHIARA HOSP, ASSOC ITALIANA ONCOL MEDICA C1 US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP CIARDIELLO, F (reprint author), UNIV NAPOLI,FAC MED & CHIRURG 2,CATTEDRA ONCOL MED,VIA S PANSINI 5,I-80131 NAPLES,ITALY. RI Baldassarre, Gustavo/K-1350-2016 OI Baldassarre, Gustavo/0000-0002-9750-8825 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-803-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 698 BP 102 EP 107 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb17194.x PG 6 WC Oncology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Pathology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BZ51X UT WOS:A1993BZ51X00008 PM 7904135 ER PT J AU KADERLIK, KR TALASKA, G DEBORD, DG OSORIO, AM KADLUBAR, FF AF KADERLIK, KR TALASKA, G DEBORD, DG OSORIO, AM KADLUBAR, FF TI 4,4'-METHYLENE-BIS(2-CHLOROANILINE)-DNA ADDUCT ANALYSIS IN HUMAN EXFOLIATED UROTHELIAL CELLS BY P-32 POSTLABELING SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID AROMATIC DNA ADDUCTS; WHITE BLOOD-CELLS; 4,4'-METHYLENEBIS 2-CHLOROANILINE; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; N-GLUCURONIDATION; LIVER MICROSOMES; CARCINOGEN; RAT; WORKERS; MOCA AB 4,4'-Methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA) is an aromatic amine used widely in industry, and human exposure to this compound is well documented. MOCA induces lung and liver tumors in rodents and urinary bladder tumors in dogs, and it is regarded as a suspect urinary bladder carcinogen in humans. In this pilot study, we investigated the occurrence of MOCA-DNA adducts in exfoliated urothelial cells of a MOCA-exposed worker by P-32-postlabeling analysis. Urine samples were collected from the worker at various times after accidental acute exposure to MOCA. DNA isolated from exfoliated urothelial cells collected from each urine sample was enzymatically digested and postlabeled with excess [P-32]ATP. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the labeled digests revealed the presence of a single, major DNA adduct that cochromatographed with the major N-hydroxy-MOCA-DNA adduct, N-(deoxyadenosin-8-yl)-4-amino-3-chlorobenzyl alcohol, formed in vitro. The MOCA-DNA adduct was detected in samples obtained between 4 and 98 h after initial exposure but not in samples collected at later times. The level of DNA adducts 4 h after exposure was determined to be 516 adducts/10(8) nucleotides. A 5-fold decrease in adduct level was observed 14 h later, followed by a gradual decrease over subsequent days. The results indicate that MOCA is potentially genotoxic to human urinary bladder in vivo and that P-32-postlabeling analysis of exfoliated urothelial cells provides a noninvasive means for biomonitoring the formation of MOCA-DNA adducts resulting from occupational exposure. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,HFT 100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV CINCINNATI,MED CTR,INST ENVIRONM HLTH,CINCINNATI,OH 45267. NIOSH,CINCINNATI,OH 45226. CALIF DEPT HLTH SERV,BERKELEY,CA 94704. NR 41 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 2 IS 1 BP 63 EP 69 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KF997 UT WOS:A1993KF99700012 PM 8420614 ER PT J AU PURI, RK SIEGEL, JP AF PURI, RK SIEGEL, JP TI INTERLEUKIN-4 AND CANCER-THERAPY SO CANCER INVESTIGATION LA English DT Review ID STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN T-CELLS; RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-4; HUMAN-B-CELLS; CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; HIGH-AFFINITY; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; RECEPTOR EXPRESSION RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 139 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0735-7907 J9 CANCER INVEST JI Cancer Invest. PY 1993 VL 11 IS 4 BP 473 EP 486 DI 10.3109/07357909309018879 PG 14 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA LN771 UT WOS:A1993LN77100013 PM 8324651 ER PT S AU LAMBERT, LA WAMER, WG WEI, RR LAVU, S KORNHAUSER, A AF LAMBERT, LA WAMER, WG WEI, RR LAVU, S KORNHAUSER, A BE Canfield, LM Krinsky, NI Olson, JA TI THE ABSENCE OF A SYNERGISTIC PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BETA-CAROTENE AND VITAMIN-E ON SKIN TUMORIGENESIS IN MICE SO CAROTENOIDS IN HUMAN HEALTH SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Carotenoids in Human Health CY FEB 06-09, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI ID CANCER RP LAMBERT, LA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFS-128,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-827-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 691 BP 259 EP 261 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26188.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering, Civil; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physiology GA BA01B UT WOS:A1993BA01B00037 PM 8129306 ER PT S AU WAMER, WG WEI, RR MATUSIK, JE KORNHAUSER, A DUNKEL, VC AF WAMER, WG WEI, RR MATUSIK, JE KORNHAUSER, A DUNKEL, VC BE Canfield, LM Krinsky, NI Olson, JA TI BETA-CAROTENE UPTAKE, METABOLISM, AND DISTRIBUTION IN-VITRO SO CAROTENOIDS IN HUMAN HEALTH SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Carotenoids in Human Health CY FEB 06-09, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI RP WAMER, WG (reprint author), CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,FOOD & DRUG ADM,HFS-128,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-827-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 691 BP 284 EP 286 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26197.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering, Civil; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physiology GA BA01B UT WOS:A1993BA01B00046 PM 8129314 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SM DOMON, OE MCGARRITY, LJ AIDOO, A KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA AF MORRIS, SM DOMON, OE MCGARRITY, LJ AIDOO, A KODELL, RL CASCIANO, DA TI FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE CELL-CYCLE DISTRIBUTION OF SPLEEN LYMPHOCYTES ISOLATED FROM FISCHER-344 RATS EXPOSED TO ETHYL NITROSOUREA SO CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CELL-CYCLE ANALYSIS; COLCEMID; ENU; RAT LYMPHOCYTE DNA; FLOW CYTOMETRY ID INDUCTION; 2-MERCAPTOETHANOL; PROLIFERATION; MODULATION; DNA AB Current studies in our laboratory are designed to determine the frequency of genotoxic responses induced in lymphocytes isolated from Fischer 344 rats. To evaluate the effect of a model compound, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), on the cell-cycle distribution of spleen lymphocytes, 8-week old, female Fischer 344 rats were injected ip. with ENU and sacrificed 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after exposure. Four replicate cultures per dose per exposure period were established and cells were cultured for 66 hr. Colcemid, an agent which blocks cells in mitosis and induces an accumulation of cells in the G2 + M peak, was added to two of the four cultures as a positive control. After a 3 hr incubation, the cells were harvested, the nuclei stained with propidium iodide, and the DNA content of the individual nuclei was quantified by flow cytometry. As expected, exposure to Colcemid resulted in an accumulation of cells in the G2 + M phase of the cell cycle, which was accompanied by a decrease in the G0 + G1 population. The increase in the G2 + M population was significant (p < 0.05) in cultures of lymphocytes assayed at 4 and 6 weeks after exposure. The effect of increasing ENU concentration was an increase in the percentage of S-phase cells (p = 0.05) and a decrease (p < 0.02) in the percentage of G0 + G1 cells. This finding was observed only in those lymphocytes isolated 1 week after exposure. These findings indicate that flow cytometric analysis of the distribution of cells within the cell-cycle may provide insight into the effects of toxicant exposure on mammalian cells. RP MORRIS, SM (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,1 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0742-2091 J9 CELL BIOL TOXICOL JI Cell Biol. Toxicol. PD JAN-MAR PY 1993 VL 9 IS 1 BP 77 EP 83 DI 10.1007/BF00755141 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Toxicology SC Cell Biology; Toxicology GA LC252 UT WOS:A1993LC25200006 PM 8518971 ER PT J AU HERRENOSAENZ, D EVANS, FE LAI, CC ABIAN, J FU, PP DELCLOS, KB AF HERRENOSAENZ, D EVANS, FE LAI, CC ABIAN, J FU, PP DELCLOS, KB TI PRODUCTS FORMED FROM THE INVITRO REACTION OF METABOLITES OF 3-AMINOCHRYSENE WITH CALF THYMUS DNA SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE AROMATIC AMINES; METABOLIC ACTIVATION; DNA ADDUCTS; P-32-POSTLABELING ID RAT-LIVER; ADDUCT FORMATION; C8-MODIFIED DEOXYGUANOSINE; P-32-POSTLABELING ASSAY; CARCINOGEN; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; INVIVO; 4-AMINOBIPHENYL; SENSITIVITY; MICROSOMES AB 3-Aminochrysene, a mutagenic geometric isomer of the mutagenic and carcinogenic aromatic amine 6-aminochrysene, has been synthesized and its metabolic activation studied by characterization of the products formed from the reaction of metabolites with calf thymus DNA. DNA adducts produced by 3-aminochrysene via N-oxidation were examined by preparing 3-nitrosochrysene and incubating the nitroso derivative with calf thymus DNA in the presence of ascorbic acid (to generate the N-hydroxy derivative) at pH 5. The major adduct, as determined by H-1-NMR and thermospray-mass spectrometry of the modified nucleoside obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis of the modified DNA, was N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-3-aminochrysene. Thus, the reaction of N-hydroxy-3-aminochrysene with DNA differs from that of N-hydroxy-6-aminochrysene, which had previously been shown to generate N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-6-aminochrysene, 5-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-6-aminochrysene and N-(deoxyinosin-8-yl)-6-aminochrysene as major adducts. P-32-Postlabeling analysis of DNA treated with 3-aminochrysene in the presence of liver microsomes from rats pretreated with phenobarbital indicated an adduct pattern identical to that seen with DNA that had been treated with 3-nitrosochrysene and ascorbic acid. However, DNA treated with 3-aminochrysene (3-AC) in the presence of liver microsomes from rats pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene contained a major adduct that was chromatographically distinct from N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-3-aminochrysene. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,HFT-110,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RI Abian, Joaquin/M-1965-2014 OI Abian, Joaquin/0000-0003-2823-5429 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 86 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/0009-2797(93)90107-A PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KM254 UT WOS:A1993KM25400001 PM 8431961 ER PT B AU DePaola, A AF DePaola, A BE PestanadeCastro, AF Almeida, WF TI Vibrio cholerae in foods SO CHOLERA ON THE AMERICAN CONTINENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Cholera on the American Continents CY MAY 21-23, 1992 CL SAO PAULO, BRAZIL SP Brazilian Minist Hlth, UN, FAO, Fdn Res Support, State Sao Paulo, Int Life Sci Inst, ILSI Brazil, Pan Amer Hlth Org, Sao Paulo State Dept Hlth, State Univ Campinas, US EPA, WHO C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I L S I PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA INT LIFE SCIENCE INST, 1126 16TH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 BN 0-944398-12-X PY 1993 BP 107 EP 116 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BF95M UT WOS:A1993BF95M00012 ER PT J AU ORAEVSKY, AA JACQUES, SL PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, RA TITTEL, FK NGUY, JH HENRY, PD AF ORAEVSKY, AA JACQUES, SL PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, RA TITTEL, FK NGUY, JH HENRY, PD TI XECL LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC ARTERIES - SPECTRAL SIMILARITIES BETWEEN LIPID-RICH LESIONS AND PEROXIDIZED LIPOPROTEINS SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ATHEROSCLEROSIS; OXIDIZED LIPOPROTEIN; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; XECL LASER ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; AUTOFLUORESCENCE; OXIDATION; AORTA; ATHEROGENESIS; CHOLESTEROL; RELAXATION; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE AB Autofluorescence spectroscopy of arterial surfaces provides information about the distribution and composition of atherosclerotic plaques. The aim of the study was to determine whether accumulation of peroxidized lipoproteins in arterial walls, a process postulated to play a role in initiating atherosclerotic changes, can be demonstrated by fluorescence spectroscopy. XeCl excimer laser (308 nm)-induced fluorescence of human aortas containing early lipid-rich noncollagenous lesions exhibited marked red shifts and broadening of the fluorescence spectra compared with spectra from nonatherosclerotic aortas. Similar profiles were observed in spectra obtained from oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein but not native low density lipoprotein. In hypercholesterolemic rabbits with early foam cell lesions, spectral shifts resembled those of oxidized beta-very low density lipoprotein, the major lipoprotein accumulating in arteries of rabbits fed cholesterol. XeCl laser-fluorescence spectroscopy of arterial surfaces may be useful for the identification of arteries accumulating modified lipoproteins (oxidized low density lipoprotein), a chemical change indicative of atherosclerosis in its early and probably reversible stages. C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,LASER BIOL RES LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77025. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. ACAD SCI,INST SPECT,MOSCOW,USSR. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL-40884, R01-HL-36894] NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7330 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 72 IS 1 BP 84 EP 90 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA KC361 UT WOS:A1993KC36100010 PM 8417849 ER PT S AU PASTAKIA, KB TERLE, D PRODOUZ, KN AF PASTAKIA, KB TERLE, D PRODOUZ, KN BE Landay, AL Ault, KT Bauer, KD Rabinovitch, PS TI PENICILLIN INHIBITS AGONIST-INDUCED EXPRESSION OF PLATELET SURFACE-MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEINS SO CLINICAL FLOW CYTOMETRY SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON CLINICAL FLOW CYTOMETRY CY APR 25-28, 1992 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, AMAC, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE, PFIZER CENT RES, PHARMINGEN, PHOENIX FLOW SYST RP PASTAKIA, KB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-767-0 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 677 BP 437 EP 439 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb38810.x PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BX95P UT WOS:A1993BX95P00054 PM 8494236 ER PT J AU WEST, RW KODELL, RL AF WEST, RW KODELL, RL TI STATISTICAL-METHODS OF RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CONTINUOUS-VARIABLES SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE ADDITIONAL RISK; ASYMPTOTIC DISTRIBUTION; LIKELIHOOD RATIO; LINEAR INTERPOLATION AB Adverse health effects for continuous responses are not as easily defined as adverse health effects for binary responses. Kodell and West (1993) developed methods for defining adverse effects for continuous responses and the associated risk. Procedures were developed for finding point estimates and upper confidence limits for additional risk under the assumption of a normal distribution and quadratic mean response curve with equal variances at each dose level. In this paper, methods are developed for point estimates and upper confidence limits for additional risk at experimental doses when the equal variance assumption is relaxed. An interpolation procedure is discussed for obtaining information at doses other than the experimental doses. A small simulation study is presented to test the performance of the methods discussed. C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT STAT,HOUSTON,TX 77251. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 11 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1993 VL 22 IS 12 BP 3363 EP 3376 DI 10.1080/03610929308831221 PG 14 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA ML275 UT WOS:A1993ML27500007 ER PT S AU WEISSINGER, J AF WEISSINGER, J BE Gurny, R Teubner, A TI TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF DRUGS AND TOPICAL APPLICATION - NONCLINICAL REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS SO DERMAL AND TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY: NEW INSIGHTS AND PERSPECTIVES SE PAPERBACK APV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium of the International-Association-for-Pharmaceutical-Technology on Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery: New Insights and Perspectives CY NOV 11-13, 1991 CL FRANKFURT, GERMANY SP INT ASSOC PHARM TECHNOL C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WISSENSCHAFTLICHE verlagsgesellschaft mbh PI STUTTGART PA POSTFACH 40, BIRKENWALDSTRASSE 44, 70191 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0720-3543 BN 3-8047-1223-1 J9 PAPERB APV PY 1993 VL 31 BP 187 EP 193 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BZ71X UT WOS:A1993BZ71X00011 ER PT J AU CHOU, MW PEGRAM, RA TURTURRO, A HOLSON, R HART, RW AF CHOU, MW PEGRAM, RA TURTURRO, A HOLSON, R HART, RW TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON THE INDUCTION OF HEPATIC CYTOCHROME-P-450 AND AH RECEPTOR-BINDING IN C57BL/6N AND DBA/2J MICE SO DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASE; DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; FOOD RESTRICTION; FISCHER-344 RAT; CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS; GENETIC EXPRESSION; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-PARA-DIOXIN; MOUSE; LIVER; ASSAY AB While it is known that caloric restriction alters activities Of certain xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs have not been determined. In this study, caloric restriction (CR) increases activities of liver cytochrome P450IA1 dependent ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and cytochrome P450IIB1 dependent pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase (PROD) in DBA/2J or C57BL/6N mice. However, the cytosolic Ah receptor binding in both strains of mice was not increased. The hepatic cytochrome P450IA1 activity was increased by CR in DBA/2J mice (a strain lacking normal Ah receptor binding), indicating that this induction need not be mediated by the Ah receptor. The effects of CR, sex and strain on P450IA1 induction by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) were also determined. Specific induction of cytochrome P450IA1 by TCDD was greater in females than in males of both strains, whereas the P450 isozymes induced in male DBA/2J mice had less specificity toward 7-ethoxyresorufin than those induced in C57BL/6N mice. Moreover, P450IA1 induction by TCDD was significantly potentiated by CR in the DBA/2 strain, indicating the interactive involvement of different regulartory mechanisms. RP CHOU, MW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-0545 J9 DRUG CHEM TOXICOL JI Drug Chem. Toxicol. PY 1993 VL 16 IS 1 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.3109/01480549309038659 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KN073 UT WOS:A1993KN07300001 PM 8382149 ER PT J AU STEWART, SFC BURTE, F CLARK, RE AF STEWART, SFC BURTE, F CLARK, RE TI QUANTIFICATION OF ASYMMETRIC VALVULAR REGURGITANT JETS BY COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND INVITRO SO ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY-A JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ULTRASOUND AND ALLIED TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND; HEART VALVE REGURGITATION; MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS AB Accurate quantification of regurgitant jets in natural and prosthetic heart valves has been a goal of health care workers and researchers for many years. One promising new method applies the law of conservation of momentum transfer to velocities measured by color Doppler ultrasound to calculate the flow rate in the jet. One complicating factor is that regurgitant jets from real heart valves may be highly asymmetric. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether the accurate calculation of the flow rate in asymmetric jets imaged by color Doppler requires an asymmetric formulation of the conservation of momentum transfer, combined with a method for imaging the jet in three dimensions. Asymmetric jets issuing from narrow slits were imaged in an in vitro, steady flow system. The ultrasound transducer was rotated around the jet axis to image the jet in three dimensions. The three-dimensional imaging confirmed that jets from slits are indeed asymmetric, but become relatively axisymmetric far from the orifice. Images were analyzed by computer and the calculated flows compared to measured flows. The accuracy of an asymmetric formulation of the conservation of momentum transfer method was compared to a simpler, axisymmetric formulation. If axisymmetry was assumed in asymmetric jets, significant errors in the calculated flow rates occurred. In these cases, the calculated flow also varied widely with distance from the orifice. When asymmetry was taken into account, the errors were considerably reduced. The results suggests that, in asymmetric jets, the momentum transfer is convected around the jet axis. RP STEWART, SFC (reprint author), US FDA,HYDRODYNAM & ACOUST BRANCH,5600 FISHERS LANE,HFZ-132,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU FUTURA PUBL CO PI ARMONK PA 135 BEDFORD RD, PO BOX 418, ARMONK, NY 10504-0418 SN 0742-2822 J9 ECHOCARDIOGR-J CARD JI Echocardiography-J. Cardiovasc. Ultrasound Allied Tech. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 23 EP 36 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8175.1993.tb00006.x PG 14 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KH267 UT WOS:A1993KH26700005 PM 10148114 ER PT J AU KATZ, R AF KATZ, R TI THE DOMESTIC DRUG REGULATORY PROCESS - WHY TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article RP KATZ, R (reprint author), US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PY 1993 SU 10 BP 91 EP 106 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA LY572 UT WOS:A1993LY57200008 ER PT J AU BARTSCH, H MALAVEILLE, C FRIESEN, M KADLUBAR, FF VINEIS, P AF BARTSCH, H MALAVEILLE, C FRIESEN, M KADLUBAR, FF VINEIS, P TI BLACK (AIR-CURED) AND BLOND (FLUE-CURED) TOBACCO CANCER RISK .4. MOLECULAR DOSIMETRY STUDIES IMPLICATE AROMATIC-AMINES AS BLADDER CARCINOGENS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKE CONDENSATE; HUMAN-LIVER-MICROSOMES; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE PHIP; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; ALPHA-CARBOLINES; MAINSTREAM SMOKE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COPPER-PHTHALOCYANINE; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION AB Tobacco smoking causes a major fraction of male urinary bladder cancers and the relative risk of bladder cancer is reported to be two to three times higher for smoking of black (air-cured) than for smoking of blond (flue-cured) tobacco. In molecular dosimetry studies to examine the hypothesis that aromatic amines in tobacco smoke are primarily responsible for bladder cancer, the higher bladder cancer risk in smokers of black tobacco was correlated with two to five times higher exposure to carcinogenic aromatic amines present in black tobacco smoke, notably 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP). For the same amount of smoking, black tobacco smokers had levels of ABP-haemoglobin (Hb) adducts 1.5 times higher and excreted a 1.8-fold higher level of urinary mutagens. These mutagens were characterised as aromatic amines, and included the heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), a known mutagen and multiorgan/species carcinogen. In smoking volunteers, the ABP-Hb adduct level depended significantly on the acetylator and P-450IA2 phenotypes, being 1.3- to 1.5-fold lower in fast acetylators, slow/intermediate P-450IA2 individuals. The N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-ABP adduct was a major smoking-related DNA adduct in bladder biopsies from surgical patients. It was also tentatively identified in exfoliated urothelial cells of smoking volunteers, who showed a significant and linear correlation between adduct levels of ABP with Hb and with deoxyguanosine in urothelial DNA; both were related to number of cigarettes smoked per day. Levels of several smoking-related DNA adducts in urothelial cells were 2-20 times elevated in smokers. Similar convex dose-response relationships have been found between the number of cigarettes smoked and the relative risk for bladder cancer and between the levels of ABP-Hb adducts and markers of recent smoking. A possible explanation is that fast and slow acetylators have different susceptibility to aromatic amine carcinogens. Case-control studies have consistently revealed an excess of variable magnitude of slow acetylators in subgroups exposed occupationally to carcinogenic aromatic amines. Altogether, results from these studies reinforce the association between cigarette smoking, carcinogen-DNA adducts in urothelial cells, and implicate primary aromatic and possibly heterocyclic amines as bladder carcinogens. C1 DIPARTIMENTO SCI BIOMED & ONCOL UMANA,TURIN,ITALY. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP BARTSCH, H (reprint author), INT AGCY RES CANC,150 COURS ALBERT THOMAS,F-69372 LYON,FRANCE. NR 79 TC 107 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0959-8049 J9 EUR J CANCER JI Eur. J. Cancer PY 1993 VL 29A IS 8 BP 1199 EP 1207 DI 10.1016/S0959-8049(05)80315-6 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA LC546 UT WOS:A1993LC54600027 PM 8518034 ER PT J AU SKELLY, JP SHIU, GF AF SKELLY, JP SHIU, GF TI INVITRO INVIVO CORRELATIONS IN BIOPHARMACEUTICS - SCIENTIFIC AND REGULATORY IMPLICATIONS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS LA English DT Article DE INVIVO INVITRO CORRELATION; BIOEQUIVALENCE MAPPING; CONVOLUTION DECONVOLUTION ID RELEASE DOSAGE FORMS AB This paper explains the regulatory and scientific reasons for the regulatory authorities employing dissolution as a key variable for regulatory approval of batch to batch bioequivalence assurance, site of manufacture change, formulation changes, and batch size scale-up for immediate release dosage forms. It also explains the scientific and regulatory reasons why either an in vivo/in vitro correlation using USP's Level 'A'. 'B' or 'C', or a newly proposed 'mapping' approach will be required for allowing such changes for controlled-release dosage forms. C1 US FDA,OFF RES RESOURCES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,BIOPHARMACEUT RES BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 15 TC 33 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDECINE ET HYGIENE PI GENEVA 4 PA 78 AVE ROSERALE, 1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-7966 J9 EUR J DRUG METAB PH JI Eur. J. Drug Metabol. Pharmacokinet. PD JAN-MAR PY 1993 VL 18 IS 1 BP 121 EP 129 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LE434 UT WOS:A1993LE43400013 PM 8335035 ER PT J AU LEININGER, E PROBST, PG BRENNAN, MJ KENIMER, JG AF LEININGER, E PROBST, PG BRENNAN, MJ KENIMER, JG TI INHIBITION OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ-MEDIATED CELL ADHERENCE WITH MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES; ADHERENCE ID ARG-GLY-ASP; PROMOTING FACTOR; INFECTION; PROTEIN; RECOGNITION; RESPONSES; ANTIGENS; SEQUENCE; SYSTEM; TOXIN AB Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), a 220-kDa protein located on the surface of Bordetella pertussis, is one of the major cell adhesins of this bacterium. We have produced three hybridoma cell lines that express monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against FHA: X3C, X3E and X4B. The anti-FHA mAbs X3C and X3E reacted with 220-kDa and 98-kDa FHA protein bands on Western blots. The mAb X4B, which reacted with FHA in ELISA, did not bind to FHA in a Western blot assay. All three mAbs seemed to be directed to the same epitope or to epitopes in close proximity as suggested by competition ELISAs. All three mAbs were able to inhibit the adherence of Chinese hamster ovary cells to purified FHA, and they could also inhibit the FHA-mediated agglutination of goose red blood cells. The attachment of B. pertussis to epithelial cell monolayers was inhibited by the mAb X3C. These antibodies are very useful probes to identify the presence of FHA in bordetellae species and in clinical reagents such as pertussis vaccines, and to characterize the functional domains of this important bacterial adhesin. RP LEININGER, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1097 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL LETT JI FEMS Microbiol. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 106 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05931.x PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA KH858 UT WOS:A1993KH85800005 PM 8440465 ER PT J AU POHLAND, AE AF POHLAND, AE TI MYCOTOXINS IN REVIEW SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON WORKSHOP ON FOOD CONTAMINATION, MYCOTOXINS AND PHYCOTOXINS CY NOV 04-15, 1990 CL CAIRO, EGYPT DE AFLATOXIN; AMATOXIN; CARCINOGENICITY; CITREOVIRIDIN; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; FUMONISIN; FUSARIUM; GLIOTOXIN; MONILIFORMIN; PATULIN; PENICILLIC ACID; TENUAZONIC ACID; TRICHOTHECENES; ZEARALENONE AB The putative involvement of mycotoxins in human diseases, including cancer, is reviewed with reference to ergotism, citreoviridin toxicosis, alimentary toxic aleukia, stachybotryotoxicosis, Balkan endemic nephropathy and aflatoxicoses. Analytical and sampling problems in determining the occurrence of and exposure to mycotoxins are discussed against the background that over 300 mycotoxins have been identified, produced by some 350 fungal species, and that the potency of some of them demands the quantitation of extremely small quantities of analyte. Mycotoxins associated with food and originating from Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusaria, Penicillia and Claviceps spp. are reviewed with reference to the toxicological, regulatory and economic issues arising. It is concluded that continued efforts are needed to: identify and quantify human/animal exposure; estimate health risks and make defensible risk-benefit judgements; develop sampling plans based on experimental observation; arrive at agreed regulatory levels based on legitimate sampling plans, analytical capabilities and economic considerations; develop procedures for disposal of contaminated lots; and develop plant varieties resistant to fungal invasion. RP POHLAND, AE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 67 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 17 EP 28 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KX620 UT WOS:A1993KX62000004 PM 8504870 ER PT J AU HORWITZ, W AF HORWITZ, W TI INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION AND VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHODS SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON WORKSHOP ON FOOD CONTAMINATION, MYCOTOXINS AND PHYCOTOXINS CY NOV 04-15, 1990 CL CAIRO, EGYPT DE RELIABILITY; ANALYTICAL ERROR; QUALITY CONTROL AB Most experimentation dealing with analytical methodology in the physical and biological sciences has been conducted within a single laboratory. Method validation by other laboratories was considered not only unnecessary but also detrimental because, in the words of one commentator, 'the results arc too variable'. Within the last two decades, however, largely as a result of the requirements of international environmental and food standards programmes, it has become increasingly apparent that a collaborative interlaboratory study is the only way to estimate the variability characteristics of methods of analysis as performed by the typical population of laboratories using the methods. To obtain a common basis for measuring the statistical characteristics of analytical methods, representatives of almost two dozen international organizations meeting in Geneva, in May 1987, approved by consensus a protocol for the design and interpretation of data from collaborative studies of chemical methods of analysis. RP HORWITZ, W (reprint author), US FDA,HFF-7,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 61 EP 69 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA KX620 UT WOS:A1993KX62000008 PM 8504875 ER PT J AU HOOKER, TL AF HOOKER, TL TI GREETINGS FROM YOUR DISTRICT OFFICE - NOW WHAT SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT MEETING OF FOOD AND DRUG LAW INST AND FDA - WOMEN IN CLINICAL TRIALS OF FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS : WHO PARTICIPATES AND WHO DECIDES CY OCT 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FDA 2, FOOD & DRUG INST RP HOOKER, TL (reprint author), US FDA,MID ATLANTIC REG OFF,BALTIMORE,MD 21240, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 1 BP 29 EP 34 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LE875 UT WOS:A1993LE87500005 ER PT J AU MEYER, GF AF MEYER, GF TI CDERS ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT MEETING OF FOOD AND DRUG LAW INST AND FDA - WOMEN IN CLINICAL TRIALS OF FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS : WHO PARTICIPATES AND WHO DECIDES CY OCT 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FDA 2, FOOD & DRUG INST RP MEYER, GF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LE875 UT WOS:A1993LE87500008 ER PT J AU RULIS, AM TARANTINO, LM AF RULIS, AM TARANTINO, LM TI THE FOOD ADDITIVE PETITION PROCESS - RECENT DATA SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP RULIS, AM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF PREMARKET APPROVAL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 1 BP 137 EP 151 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LE875 UT WOS:A1993LE87500016 ER PT J AU MERKATZ, RB AF MERKATZ, RB TI WOMEN IN CLINICAL-TRIALS - AN INTRODUCTION SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON WOMEN IN CLINICAL TRIAL OF FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS : WHO PARTICIPATES AND WHO DECIDES CY OCT 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP MERKATZ, RB (reprint author), US FDA,WOMENS HLTH ISSUES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 2 BP 161 EP 166 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LQ865 UT WOS:A1993LQ86500001 PM 11653138 ER PT J AU SCHEMAN, CR AF SCHEMAN, CR TI REMARKS OF THE DEPUTY COMMISSIONER FOR EXTERNAL AFFAIRS SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON WOMEN IN CLINICAL TRIAL OF FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS : WHO PARTICIPATES AND WHO DECIDES CY OCT 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP SCHEMAN, CR (reprint author), US FDA,EXTERNAL AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 2 BP 167 EP 168 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LQ865 UT WOS:A1993LQ86500002 ER PT J AU MURPHY, D AF MURPHY, D TI WOMEN IN CLINICAL-TRIALS - HIV-INFECTED WOMEN SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON WOMEN IN CLINICAL TRIAL OF FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS : WHO PARTICIPATES AND WHO DECIDES CY OCT 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP MURPHY, D (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 2 BP 175 EP 179 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LQ865 UT WOS:A1993LQ86500004 PM 11653140 ER PT J AU BAGLEY, G AF BAGLEY, G TI INFORMED CONSENT - THE FDAS PERSPECTIVE SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON WOMEN IN CLINICAL TRIAL OF FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS : WHO PARTICIPATES AND WHO DECIDES CY OCT 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP BAGLEY, G (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 2 BP 181 EP 186 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LQ865 UT WOS:A1993LQ86500005 PM 11653141 ER PT J AU HAFFNER, ME AF HAFFNER, ME TI STUDIES INVOLVING ORPHAN PRODUCTS FOR TREATING DIAGNOSING WOMENS DISEASES SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SEMINAR ON WOMEN IN CLINICAL TRIAL OF FDA-REGULATED PRODUCTS : WHO PARTICIPATES AND WHO DECIDES CY OCT 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP HAFFNER, ME (reprint author), US FDA,OFF ORPHAN PROD DEV,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 2 BP 205 EP 211 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LQ865 UT WOS:A1993LQ86500008 PM 11653144 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, RM AF JOHNSON, RM TI GMPS AND THE PRODUCT REVIEW PROCESS SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36TH ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL CONF OF THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-INST CY DEC 08-09, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG INST RP JOHNSON, RM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 3 BP 299 EP 304 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MH932 UT WOS:A1993MH93200002 ER PT J AU HENNEY, JE AF HENNEY, JE TI FOOD SAFETY CHALLENGES AND THE NEW CENTER SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36TH ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL CONF OF THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-INST CY DEC 08-09, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG INST RP HENNEY, JE (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 3 BP 473 EP 477 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MH932 UT WOS:A1993MH93200010 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR DEROEVER, CM AF SHANK, FR DEROEVER, CM TI DESIGNING THE NEW CFSAN SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36TH ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL CONF OF THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-INST CY DEC 08-09, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG INST RP SHANK, FR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 3 BP 479 EP 486 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MH932 UT WOS:A1993MH93200011 ER PT J AU ARCHER, DL DEROEVER, CM AF ARCHER, DL DEROEVER, CM TI CFSANS PROGRAM OFFICES SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36TH ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL CONF OF THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-INST CY DEC 08-09, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG INST RP ARCHER, DL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 3 BP 487 EP 490 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MH932 UT WOS:A1993MH93200012 ER PT J AU LAKE, LR AF LAKE, LR TI THE FUNCTIONS OF THE OFFICE-OF-POLICY-PLANNING-AND-STRATEGIC-INITIATIVES IN THE FDAS CENTER FOR FOOD SAFETY AND APPLIED NUTRITION SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36TH ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL CONF OF THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-INST RP LAKE, LR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 3 BP 491 EP 494 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MH932 UT WOS:A1993MH93200013 ER PT J AU BURKE, JA AF BURKE, JA TI CENTER-FOR-FOOD-SAFETY-AND-APPLIED-NUTRITIONS OFFICE OF SYSTEMS AND SUPPORT SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36TH ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL CONF OF THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-INST CY DEC 08-09, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG INST RP BURKE, JA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 3 BP 495 EP 499 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MH932 UT WOS:A1993MH93200014 ER PT J AU LEVITT, JA KELSEY, JV AF LEVITT, JA KELSEY, JV TI THE ORPHAN DRUG REGULATIONS AND RELATED ISSUES SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP LEVITT, JA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 4 BP 525 EP 532 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NG844 UT WOS:A1993NG84400002 ER PT J AU ELLSWORTH, DI AF ELLSWORTH, DI TI CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN IMPLEMENTING THE GENERIC DRUG ENFORCEMENT ACT SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP ELLSWORTH, DI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF COMPLIANCE,DIV REGULATORY AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 4 BP 537 EP 544 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NG844 UT WOS:A1993NG84400004 ER PT J AU HORTON, LR AF HORTON, LR TI OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUG AUTHORITY ISSUES - SELECTED TOPICS SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP HORTON, LR (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 4 BP 545 EP 562 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NG844 UT WOS:A1993NG84400005 ER PT J AU KATZ, LM AF KATZ, LM TI PRESCRIPTION TO OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUG SWITCHES SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP KATZ, LM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 4 BP 567 EP 570 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NG844 UT WOS:A1993NG84400007 ER PT J AU HENNEY, JE AF HENNEY, JE TI DIRECTIONS IN DEVICE REGULATION - PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP HENNEY, JE (reprint author), US FDA,OFF COMMISSIONER,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 4 BP 697 EP 702 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NG844 UT WOS:A1993NG84400014 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, RM AF JOHNSON, RM TI ENFORCEMENT OVERVIEW SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP JOHNSON, RM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1993 VL 48 IS 4 BP 703 EP 707 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NG844 UT WOS:A1993NG84400015 ER PT J AU BARATTA, EJ AF BARATTA, EJ TI FDA QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR RADIOACTIVITY IN FOODS AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIALS ( BERM-5 ) CY MAY 11-14, 1992 CL AACHEN, GERMANY SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, UNEP, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KFA JULICH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH LANDES NORDRHEIN WEST FALEN, INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, USDA, NIST, US FDA, INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGCY AB The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has regulatory responsibility for radionuclides in foods and radiopharmaceuticals and must maintain an ongoing Quality Assurance Program. These Quality Control Programs involve the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [1, 2] and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [31, who supply the necessary reference materials and standards to ensure that the measurements are accurate and reproduceable. Data from EPA (1987 to 1991) and from a NIST ''Blind'' Source study (1985 to 1991) show the results are accurate with an average variation from NIST values of 1.8% [4-10]. The use of standard materials with the same matrices as the samples being analyzed provides credibility to the measurements. RP BARATTA, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,109 HOLTON ST,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0937-0633 J9 FRESEN J ANAL CHEM JI Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 345 IS 2-4 BP 152 EP 155 DI 10.1007/BF00322576 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KM830 UT WOS:A1993KM83000020 ER PT S AU HARRIS, GR PATTON, CA AF HARRIS, GR PATTON, CA BE Levy, M McAvoy, BR TI COMPUTATION OF WORST-CASE BIOEFFECTS INDEXES AND PULSE-AVERAGE INTENSITY VALUES BASED ON ACOUSTIC OUTPUT DATA SUBMITTED TO THE FDA SO IEEE 1993 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 1993 Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 1993 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP ULTRASON FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-1278-3 J9 ULTRASON PY 1993 BP 935 EP 938 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA31N UT WOS:A1993BA31N00182 ER PT J AU WEAR, KA WAGNER, RF INSANA, MF HALL, TJ AF WEAR, KA WAGNER, RF INSANA, MF HALL, TJ TI APPLICATION OF AUTOREGRESSIVE SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS TO CEPSTRAL ESTIMATION OF MEAN SCATTERER SPACING SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID DOPPLER ULTRASOUND; LIVER AB The problem of estimation of mean scatterer spacing in an object containing regularly spaced structures is addressed. An autoregressive (AR) spectral estimation method (based on Burg's algorithm) is compared with a conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) based approach for this task. Regularly spaced structures produce a periodicity in the power spectrum of ultrasonic backscatter. This periodicity is manifested as a peak in the cepstrum. A phantom was constructed for comparison of the two methods. This phantom contained regularly spaced nylon filaments. In addition, it contained randomly positioned glass spheres that produced incoherent backscatter. In an experiment in which this target was interrogated using broadband ultrasound, the AR spectral estimate offered considerable improvement over the FFT when the analysis gate length was on the order of the structural dimension. Advantages included improved resolution, reduction in bias and variance of scatterer spacing estimates, and greater resistance to ringing artifacts. Data was also acquired from human liver in vivo. AR spectral estimates on human data exhibited a decreased dependence on gate length. These results offer promise for enhanced spatial resolution and accuracy in ultrasonic tissue characterization and nondestructive evaluation of materials. C1 UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,KANSAS CITY,KS 66103. RP WEAR, KA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ-142,1270 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. RI Hall, Timothy/K-3632-2012 NR 19 TC 79 Z9 93 U1 1 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JAN PY 1993 VL 40 IS 1 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.1109/58.184998 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA KL024 UT WOS:A1993KL02400007 PM 18263156 ER PT S AU BLACK, PL MCKINNON, KM WOODEN, SL USSERY, MA AF BLACK, PL MCKINNON, KM WOODEN, SL USSERY, MA BE Georgiev, VS Yamaguchi, H TI ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF A SYNTHETIC DOUBLE-STRANDED POLYRIBONUCLEOTIDE INTERFERON INDUCER IN A MURINE AIDS RETROVIRUS MODEL - ROLE OF AUGMENTATION OF NATURAL-KILLER-CELL ACTIVITY AND SYNERGY WITH ORAL AZT SO IMMUNOMODULATING DRUGS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONF ON DRUG RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES - IMMUNOMODULATING DRUGS : SYNTHESIS, PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL EVALUATION CY FEB 27-JUL 01, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, BAYER, AMGEN, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARM RES INST, BURROUGHS WELLCOME, JANSSEN RES FDN, MERCK SHARP & DOHME RES LABS, SANDOZ RES IST, SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARM, TSUMURA & CO RP BLACK, PL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Messier, Claude/A-2322-2008 OI Messier, Claude/0000-0002-4791-1763 FU NIAID NIH HHS [NIAID (1U01AI2567)] NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-771-9 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 685 BP 467 EP 470 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb35908.x PG 4 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BY53M UT WOS:A1993BY53M00061 PM 8363255 ER PT S AU KUNDER, SC MORAHAN, PS AF KUNDER, SC MORAHAN, PS BE Georgiev, VS Yamaguchi, H TI NK CELLS AND INTERFERON AS MEDIATORS OF BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIER-MEDIATED PROTECTION AGAINST MCMV AND HSV-2 INFECTION IN NORMAL AND IMMUNOCOMPROMISED MICE SO IMMUNOMODULATING DRUGS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONF ON DRUG RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES - IMMUNOMODULATING DRUGS : SYNTHESIS, PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL EVALUATION CY FEB 27-JUL 01, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI, BAYER, AMGEN, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARM RES INST, BURROUGHS WELLCOME, JANSSEN RES FDN, MERCK SHARP & DOHME RES LABS, SANDOZ RES IST, SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARM, TSUMURA & CO RP KUNDER, SC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,HFD-530,5600 FISHER LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-771-9 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 685 BP 618 EP 619 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb35926.x PG 2 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BY53M UT WOS:A1993BY53M00079 PM 7689813 ER PT B AU GUEST, GB AF GUEST, GB BE Goldberg, AM TI A 10-YEAR PROGRESS REPORT OF THE CENTER-FOR-ALTERNATIVES-TO-ANIMAL-TESTING - A GOVERNMENTAL PERSPECTIVE SO IN VITRO TOXICOLOGY: TENTH ANNIVERSARY SYMPOSIUM OF CAAT SE ALTERNATIVE METHODS IN TOXICOLOGY SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Anniversary Symposium of CAAT - In Vitro Toxicology CY APR 14-16, 1992 CL JOHNS HOPKINS HLTH INST, BALTIMORE, MD SP US EPA, NIH, HLTH EFFECTS RES LAB, 3M, ALBERTO CULVER CO, ARCO, AVAON PROD INC, BERNICE BARBOUR FDN INC, BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO, CHARLES RIVER LABS INC, CIBA GEIGY CORP, COSMET TOILETRY & FRAGRANCE ASSOC, GERALDINE R DODGE FDN, EXXON CORP, HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC, IBM CORP, JOHNSON & JOHNSON, L OREAL, MARY KAY COSMET INC HO JOHNS HOPKINS HLTH INST C1 US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 BN 0-913113-60-3 J9 ALTERN METH PY 1993 VL 9 BP 151 EP 154 PG 4 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BB48D UT WOS:A1993BB48D00014 ER PT J AU HAUSMAN, SZ BURNS, DL AF HAUSMAN, SZ BURNS, DL TI BINDING OF PERTUSSIS TOXIN TO LIPID VESICLES CONTAINING GLYCOLIPIDS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID RECEPTOR; CELLS AB The binding of pertussis toxin and its B oligomer to lipid vesicles containing glycosphingolipids was studied. Both pertussis toxin and the B oligomer bound to lipid vesicles containing ganglioside G(D1a). Binding of pertussis toxin to these vesicles decreased upon treatment of the vesicles with neuraminidase, suggesting that sialic acid residues are important for efficient binding of the toxin to G(D1a). C1 US FDA,CTR BIOLOGICS EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 61 IS 1 BP 335 EP 337 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA KF636 UT WOS:A1993KF63600046 PM 8418057 ER PT J AU CREASIA, DA THURMAN, JD AF CREASIA, DA THURMAN, JD TI COMPARATIVE ACUTE INHALATION TOXICITY OF A SALINE SUSPENSION AND AN ETHANOL SOLUTION OF T-2 MYCOTOXIN IN MICE SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article AB We compared retention, distribution, toxicity, and histopathological change in mice after exposure to aerosols of T-2 suspended in saline or dissolved in ethanol. We found that the LC50 for mice exposed for 10 min to an aerosol of a saline suspension of T-2 was 0.035 +/- 0.02 mg T-2 per liter air, which was lower than the LC50 (0.380 +/-0.08 mg T-2 per liter air) for an aerosol of T-2 dissolved in ethanol. However, within about 15 min postexposure, most of the T-2 deposited in the respiratory tract was translocated from the respiratory tract regardless of whether the T-2 aerosol was from a saline suspension or ethanol solution. Also, although T-2 is an inflammatory agent to dermis and gastrointestinal epithelium, T-2 from either aerosol did not produce any histological evidence of inflammation in the respiratory tract. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV TOXICOL,FREDERICK,MD 21701. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JAN-MAR PY 1993 VL 5 IS 1 BP 33 EP 41 DI 10.3109/08958379309034492 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA KQ828 UT WOS:A1993KQ82800002 ER PT B AU PECK, CC AF PECK, CC BE Yacobi, A Skelly, JP Shah, VP Benet, LZ TI RATIONALE FOR THE EFFECTIVE USE OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS IN EARLY DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND TOXICOKINETIC PRINCIPLES IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, AMER SOC CLIN PHARM & THERAPEUT RP PECK, CC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44356-2 PY 1993 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BX44L UT WOS:A1993BX44L00001 ER PT B AU FITZGERALD, GG AF FITZGERALD, GG BE Yacobi, A Skelly, JP Shah, VP Benet, LZ TI PHARMACOKINETICS AND DRUG-METABOLISM IN ANIMAL STUDIES (ADME, PROTEIN-BINDING, MASS BALANCE, ANIMAL-MODELS) SO INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND TOXICOKINETIC PRINCIPLES IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, AMER SOC CLIN PHARM & THERAPEUT RP FITZGERALD, GG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV NEUROPHARMACOL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44356-2 PY 1993 BP 23 EP 31 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BX44L UT WOS:A1993BX44L00004 ER PT B AU GREEN, MD AF GREEN, MD BE Yacobi, A Skelly, JP Shah, VP Benet, LZ TI NONCLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS - DISPOSITION OF DRUGS SO INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND TOXICOKINETIC PRINCIPLES IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, AMER SOC CLIN PHARM & THERAPEUT RP GREEN, MD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,OFF DRUG EVALUAT 2,KENSINGTON,MD 20895, USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44356-2 PY 1993 BP 33 EP 37 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BX44L UT WOS:A1993BX44L00005 ER PT B AU COLLINS, JM AF COLLINS, JM BE Yacobi, A Skelly, JP Shah, VP Benet, LZ TI USE OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS IN PRECLINICAL STUDIES TO GUIDE DOSAGE ESCALATION SCHEMES IN PHASE-I STUDIES OF ANTICANCER DRUGS SO INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND TOXICOKINETIC PRINCIPLES IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, AMER SOC CLIN PHARM & THERAPEUT RP COLLINS, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,OFF RES RESOURCES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44356-2 PY 1993 BP 49 EP 53 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BX44L UT WOS:A1993BX44L00007 ER PT B AU MUKHERJEE, A CHEN, C JEAN, L COUTINHO, CB AF MUKHERJEE, A CHEN, C JEAN, L COUTINHO, CB BE Yacobi, A Skelly, JP Shah, VP Benet, LZ TI PRECLINICAL PHARMACODYNAMICS OF ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS SO INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND TOXICOKINETIC PRINCIPLES IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, AMER SOC CLIN PHARM & THERAPEUT RP MUKHERJEE, A (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV PILOT DRUG EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44356-2 PY 1993 BP 105 EP 113 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BX44L UT WOS:A1993BX44L00013 ER PT B AU PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A AF PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A BE Yacobi, A Skelly, JP Shah, VP Benet, LZ TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON THE INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND TOXICOKINETIC PRINCIPLES IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP AMER ASSOC PHARM SCIENTISTS, US FDA, AMER SOC CLIN PHARM & THERAPEUT RP PECK, CC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA NEW YORK BN 0-306-44356-2 PY 1993 BP 249 EP 263 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA BX44L UT WOS:A1993BX44L00026 ER PT J AU UMEHARA, H TAKASHIMA, A MINAMI, Y BLOOM, ET AF UMEHARA, H TAKASHIMA, A MINAMI, Y BLOOM, ET TI SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION VIA PHOSPHORYLATED ADHESION MOLECULE, LFA-1-BETA (CD18), IS INCREASED BY CULTURE OF NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS WITH IL-2 IN THE GENERATION OF LYMPHOKINE-ACTIVATED KILLER-CELLS SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ADHESION MOLECULE; CYTOTOXICITY; HUMAN; INTEGRIN; LYMPHOKINE ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; PHOSPHORYLATION ID P70-75 BETA-SUBUNIT; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; LYMPHOCYTES-T; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MEDIATED CYTOLYSIS; LEUKOCYTE ADHESION; SERINE ESTERASE; PLASMA-MEMBRANE AB It is well known that IL-2 stimulates natural killer (NK) cells to express lymphokine activated killer (LAK) activity and that this stimulation prompts the acquisition of the ability to lyse previously insensitive target cells. The possible role of adhesion molecules in the IL-2 activation process was probed by focussing on a lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1-dependent model system. A mAb to the LFA-1beta chain abrogated LAK activity, but only moderately suppressed NK activity, suggesting a differential role for LFA-1beta in LAK compared with NK mediated lysis. Orthophosphate labeling demonstrated that the LFA-1beta chain was strongly phosphorylated in LAK but not NK cells; in contrast, the alpha chain was phosphorylated similarly in both effector cell types. At least a portion of the phosphorylation of the beta chain was on tyrosine residues, as shown by Western blotting with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody of LFA-1beta immunoprecipitates. Crosslinking of the LFA-1beta chain with plastic-adhered antibody stimulated Ca2+-dependent release of cytoplasmic lytic granules and induced phosphatidyl inositol turnover in LAK but not NK cells. We conclude that the IL-2-induced phosphorylation of the beta chain of the LFA-1 adhesion molecule in LAK cells and associated alteration in signal transduction may be important in the stimulation of LAK cell activity in NK cells. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NICHHD,CELL BIOL & METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA30187] NR 63 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 5 IS 1 BP 19 EP 27 DI 10.1093/intimm/5.1.19 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KJ347 UT WOS:A1993KJ34700003 PM 8095153 ER PT J AU GRASSI, J MICHEL, C ANDERSON, MC GUERIN, B AF GRASSI, J MICHEL, C ANDERSON, MC GUERIN, B TI IMMUNOENZYMATIC MEASUREMENT OF FEL-DI SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR ETUDE SACLAY,SPI DRIPP,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. ALLERBIO,F-55270 VARENNES ARGONNE,FRANCE. US FDA,ALLERGY & IMMUNOCHEM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 373 EP 373 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA KK431 UT WOS:A1993KK43100926 ER PT J AU BERKOWITZ, DB AF BERKOWITZ, DB TI THE FOOD SAFETY OF TRANSGENIC ANIMALS - IMPLICATIONS FROM TRADITIONAL BREEDING SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE TRANSGENICS; FOOD SAFETY; ANIMAL BREEDING; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS ID MUTATION; GENE; MICE; PROLACTIN; HORMONE AB The genetic events associated with traditional selection have implications for the food safety of transgenic animals. Selection has been empirical, relying on the use of the best animals for breeding. Molecular techniques are now being used to identify the genes selected and to describe the differences between alleles that are important in selection to improve quantitative traits. The results of such analyses provide background details of the genetic and physiological effects of the traditional selection of animal lines. Examples of the kinds of genes that may be subject to selection are those coding for peptide hormones, steroid metabolic enzymes, the calcium-channel gating protein, and genes of the major histocompatibility complex. Unselected genes, sometimes with undesirable alleles, may be carried along as ''hitchhikers'' if they are closely linked to the selected gene. In spite of this potential for physiologically dangerous genetic changes in selected animals, hereditary food toxicity has never been associated with a selected line of the common food animals. This is probably because the allowable physiological range of results of selection is limited by the requirement for healthy, productive animals. Based on these limitations, foods from healthy transgenic animals produced for the purpose of herd improvement are likely to be as safe as the foods from the untransformed parental line. Animals are important indicators of their own food safety. RP BERKOWITZ, DB (reprint author), US FDA, OFF BIOTECHNOL HF-6, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PY 1993 VL 71 SU S3 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA LB507 UT WOS:A1993LB50700008 PM 8099351 ER PT J AU YESS, NJ AF YESS, NJ TI UNITED-STATES-FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SURVEY OF METHYL MERCURY IN CANNED TUNA SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Methyl mercury was determined by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 220 samples of canned tuna collected in 1991. Samples were chosen to represent different styles, colors, and packs as available. Emphasis was placed on water-packed tuna, small can size, and the highest-volume brand names. The average methyl mercury (expressed as Hg) found for the 220 samples was 0.17 ppm; the range was <0.10-0.75 ppm. Statistically, a significantly higher level of methyl mercury was found in solid white and chunk white tuna than was found in chunk light and chunk tuna. Methyl mercury level was not related to can size. None of the 220 samples had methyl mercury levels that exceeded the 1 ppm FDA action level. RP YESS, NJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 10 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 36 EP 38 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100007 PM 8448441 ER PT J AU GLAZE, LE AF GLAZE, LE TI EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM ORIENTAL FISH PRODUCTS CONTAINING SPICE - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A collaborative study was conducted to validate a new method for the extraction of light filth from oriental fish products containing spice. A 100 g test portion is digested by boiling in a mixture of HCl, Igepal DM-710, and CO-730. Light fifth is isolated by wet-sieving on a No. 230 plain-weave sieve with Tergitol, deaeration boiling in 40% isopropanol, and extracting with mineral oil-heptane (85 + 15) and 40% isopropanol in a Wildman trap flask. Three spiking levels for rat hairs and insect fragments were used in the study. For rat hairs, recoveries at the low, medium, and high levels averaged 80.0, 71.6, and 88.0%, respectively. Recoveries of insect fragments for low, medium, and high levels averaged 87.8,83.7, and 89.4%, respectively. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International. RP GLAZE, LE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 44 EP 46 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100009 PM 8448443 ER PT J AU NAKASHIMA, MJ AF NAKASHIMA, MJ TI EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM ORIENTAL SAUCES CONTAINING SOY-SAUCE, THICKENERS, AND SPICES - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Results are reported for a collaborative study of a method for the extraction of light filth from oriental sauces containing soy sauce, thickeners, and spices. A 100 g test portion is pretreated in a 2% solution of Tergitol Anionic 4 over a steam bath, and oils are removed by wet-sieving on No. 230 sieve. Filth is isolated from 40% isopropanol by using Na4EDTA and mineral oil. Average recoveries by 9 collaborators for 3 spike levels of rat hairs (5, 10, and 15) were 84, 78, and 79%, respectively; for insect fragments (5,15, and 30), recoveries were 92, 95, and 96%, respectively. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International. RP NAKASHIMA, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,HFF-237,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 47 EP 49 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100010 PM 8448444 ER PT J AU NAKASHIMA, MJ AF NAKASHIMA, MJ TI EXTRACTION OF LIGHT FILTH FROM TOFU - COLLABORATIVE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Results are reported for a collaborative study of a method for the extraction of light filth from tofu. A 100 g test portion is digested in HCl solution with Igepal CO-730 and Igepal DM-710. Hairs and insect fragments are isolated by wet-sieving on a No. 230 sieve, dispersing remaining residual product with Aerosol OT 75%, and filtering. Average recoveries by 9 collaborators for 3 spike levels of rat hairs (5, 10, 15) were 80, 78, and 84%, respectively; for 3 spike levels of insect fragments (5,15, 30), recoveries were 97, 99, and 99%, respectively. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International. RP NAKASHIMA, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,HFF-237,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 50 EP 52 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100011 PM 8448445 ER PT J AU BARNES, CJ AF BARNES, CJ TI DRUG RESIDUES IN ANIMAL-TISSUES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BARNES, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV VET MED RES,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 102 EP 102 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100026 ER PT J AU SMITH, E AF SMITH, E TI DRUGS-II SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP SMITH, E (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 102 EP 103 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100028 ER PT J AU ALEXANDER, TG AF ALEXANDER, TG TI DRUGS-V SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP ALEXANDER, TG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,HFD-473,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 104 EP 105 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100031 ER PT J AU NG, LL AF NG, LL TI DRUGS-IV SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP NG, LL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 104 EP 104 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100030 ER PT J AU CICHOWICZ, SM AF CICHOWICZ, SM TI FORENSIC SCIENCES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP CICHOWICZ, SM (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 105 EP 105 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100032 ER PT J AU FAZIO, T AF FAZIO, T TI FOOD-ADDITIVES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP FAZIO, T (reprint author), US FDA,OFF PHYS SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 108 EP 111 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100035 ER PT J AU PAGE, SW AF PAGE, SW TI PLANT TOXINS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION RP PAGE, SW (reprint author), US FDA,NAT PROD & INSTRUMENTAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 119 EP 120 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100038 ER PT J AU HUNGERFORD, JM AF HUNGERFORD, JM TI SEAFOOD TOXINS AND SEAFOOD PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLOW-INJECTION ANALYSIS; FISH SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; MONKEYS MACACA-FASCICULARIS; POISON EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; MUSSEL MYTILUS-EDULIS; DOMOIC ACID; OKADAIC ACID; PROTEIN-PHOSPHORYLATION; LUMINESCENCE DETECTION RP HUNGERFORD, JM (reprint author), US FDA,22201 23RD DR SE,POB 3012,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 126 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 120 EP 130 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100039 ER PT J AU PROSKY, L AF PROSKY, L TI DIETARY FIBER SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP PROSKY, L (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 132 EP 133 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100042 ER PT J AU FIRESTONE, D AF FIRESTONE, D TI FATS AND OILS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; ACIDS; MARGARINES; CIS RP FIRESTONE, D (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 133 EP 136 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100043 ER PT J AU BOLAND, FE AF BOLAND, FE TI FRUITS AND FRUIT PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BOLAND, FE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 136 EP 138 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100044 ER PT J AU MULVANEY, TR AF MULVANEY, TR TI PROCESSED VEGETABLE PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP MULVANEY, TR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 138 EP 139 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100046 ER PT J AU NEWTON, JM AF NEWTON, JM TI NONALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP NEWTON, JM (reprint author), US FDA,50 UNITED NATIONS PLAZA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94102, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 138 EP 138 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100045 ER PT J AU DEUTSCH, MJ AF DEUTSCH, MJ TI VITAMINS AND OTHER NUTRIENTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP DEUTSCH, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100049 ER PT J AU CAPAR, SG AF CAPAR, SG TI METALS AND OTHER ELEMENTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP CAPAR, SG (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 142 EP 144 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100050 ER PT J AU SAWYER, LD AF SAWYER, LD TI MULTIRESIDUE METHODS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP SAWYER, LD (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 144 EP 147 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100051 ER PT J AU MCMAHON, BM AF MCMAHON, BM TI ORGANOHALOGEN PESTICIDES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP MCMAHON, BM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PESTICIDES & IND CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 147 EP 148 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100052 ER PT J AU BARATTA, EJ AF BARATTA, EJ TI RADIOACTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BARATTA, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 149 EP 149 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100054 ER PT J AU HITCHINS, AD AF HITCHINS, AD TI COSMETIC MICROBIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP HITCHINS, AD (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,HFF 234,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 150 EP 151 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100055 ER PT J AU PLACENCIA, AM AF PLACENCIA, AM TI DRUG-RELATED AND DEVICE-RELATED MICROBIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP PLACENCIA, AM (reprint author), US FDA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 151 EP 151 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100056 ER PT J AU BOESE, JI AF BOESE, JI TI FILTH AND EXTRANEOUS MATERIALS IN FOODS AND DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BOESE, JI (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 152 EP 153 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100057 ER PT J AU ANDREWS, WH AF ANDREWS, WH TI FOOD MICROBIOLOGY - NONDAIRY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP ANDREWS, WH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 2 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1 BP 154 EP 159 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KG911 UT WOS:A1993KG91100059 ER PT J AU STERN, SJ DEGAWA, M MARTIN, MV GUENGERICH, FP KADERLIK, RK ILETT, KF BREAU, R MCGHEE, M MONTAGUE, D LYNCOOK, B KADLUBAR, FF AF STERN, SJ DEGAWA, M MARTIN, MV GUENGERICH, FP KADERLIK, RK ILETT, KF BREAU, R MCGHEE, M MONTAGUE, D LYNCOOK, B KADLUBAR, FF TI METABOLIC-ACTIVATION, DNA-ADDUCTS, AND H-RAS MUTATIONS IN HUMAN NEOPLASTIC AND NONNEOPLASTIC LARYNGEAL TISSUE SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CYTOCHROME P-450; N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; P-32-POSTLABELING; H-RAS MUTATIONS; LARYNX ID HUMAN-LIVER; ACETYLTRANSFERASE; PURIFICATION; BLADDER AB Metabolic activation, DNA adducts, and H-ras mutations were examined in human laryngeal tissue (n = 16) from both smoker and non/ex-smoker patients with laryngeal cancer. DNA adducts detected by P-32-postlabelling were evident only in smokers (n = 13); in fact, smoking cessation for as little as 10 months resulted in no DNA adducts detected (n = 3). Total DNA adduct levels in these samples were significantly correlated with levels of cytochromes P-4502C and 1A1 in laryngeal microsomes. Moreover, the P-4501A1 levels represent the highest yet found in human tissues. In contrast, laryngeal microsomes did not have detectable P-4501A2 activity, while laryngeal cytosols showed appreciable N-acetyltransferase activity for p-aminobenzoic acid (NAT1) but not sulfamethazine (NAT2). DNA was extracted from laryngeal specimens and amplified by PCR. Nylon filter dot or slot blots were hybridized with P-32-labelled probes for codons 12, 13, and 61 of the H-ras gene. Sixty percent of specimens demonstrated mutations in either codon 12, 13, or 61; a single common and specific mutation was a Gln --> Glu transversion in codon 61. This mutation appeared in 5 laryngeal specimens, all from smokers. These results implicate cigarette smoke components, bioactivated by CYP1A1 and/or CYP2C, in DNA adduct formation. These results also demonstrate a probable smoking-related H-ras Gln --> Glu transversion in codon 61. (C) 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP STERN, SJ (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,4301 W MARKHAM,SLOT 543,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205, USA. RI Degawa, Masakuni/F-5702-2010 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PY 1993 SU 17F BP 129 EP 137 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA LT580 UT WOS:A1993LT58000017 ER PT J AU PERICO, A PRATOLONGO, R FREED, KF PASTOR, RW SZABO, A AF PERICO, A PRATOLONGO, R FREED, KF PASTOR, RW SZABO, A TI POSITIONAL TIME CORRELATION-FUNCTION FOR ONE-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS WITH BARRIER CROSSING - MEMORY FUNCTION CORRECTIONS TO THE OPTIMIZED ROUSE-ZIMM APPROXIMATION SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED RATE-PROCESSES; NON-MARKOVIAN THEORY; CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITIONS; ISOMERIZATION DYNAMICS; POLYPEPTIDE DYNAMICS; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; CHAIN MOLECULES; RATE CONSTANTS; POLYMERS; RELAXATION AB The one-variable Smoluchowski equation is used to study the influence of barrier crossing processes on the positional time correlation function. The memory function of this correlation function is evaluated for a 2-4 potential as a function of the barrier height using the Mori continued fraction expansion and an equivalent but more efficient matrix formulation. Higher orders in the expansions are required to obtain numerical convergence as the barrier height increases. An exact integral solution for the correlation time is derived and is compared with the approximations. A biexponential approximation, which describes the independent motion in a potential well and the transition between wells, is found to be very accurate for high barriers. Numerical simulations provide checks on the approximations to the correlation function for a barrier height of 2 k(B)T. The possibility of including the influence of more rapid barrier crossing processes into the many variable Smoluchowski description of long time polymer and protein dynamics is discussed. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,JAMES FRANCK INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT CHEM,CHICAGO,IL 60637. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIADDKD,CHEM PHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PERICO, A (reprint author), CTR STUDI CHIMICOFIS MACROMOLEC SINTETICHE & NAT,CNR,CORSO EUROPA 30,I-16132 GENOA,ITALY. RI Szabo, Attila/H-3867-2012 NR 41 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 564 EP 573 DI 10.1063/1.464598 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KF406 UT WOS:A1993KF40600064 ER PT J AU OBIRI, NI HILLMAN, GG HAAS, GP SUD, S PURI, RK AF OBIRI, NI HILLMAN, GG HAAS, GP SUD, S PURI, RK TI EXPRESSION OF HIGH-AFFINITY INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS ON HUMAN RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA-CELLS AND INHIBITION OF TUMOR-CELL GROWTH-INVITRO BY INTERLEUKIN-4 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE IL-4 RECEPTORS ON RENAL CELL CARCINOMA; MODULATION OF IL-4 RECEPTORS; TUMOR CELL GROWTH INHIBITION ID FACTOR-I RECEPTOR; NECROSIS-FACTOR; GAMMA-INTERFERON; UP-REGULATION; ALPHA; IDENTIFICATION; LYMPHOCYTES; LYMPHOKINE AB Previously, Puri et al. (Puri, R. K., M. Ogata, P. Leland, G. M. Feldman, D. Fitzgerald, and I. Pastan. 1991. Cancer Res. 51:3011-3017) have demonstrated that murine sarcoma and colon adenocarcinoma cells express high affinity interleukin-4 receptors (IL4R) which are internalized after binding to a chimeric ligand consisting of IL4 and Pseudomonas exotoxin. In the present study, we have tested primary cultures of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells, generated from tumor specimens obtained after nephrectomy, for the expression of IL-4R and their modulation by IL4. By using iodinated IL-4 in a receptor binding assay, we observed that renal cell carcinoma cells expressed a single class of high affinity IL-4R ranging from 1,425 +/- 207 (mean +/- SEM) to 3,831 +/- 299 (mean +/- SEM) IL-4R molecules/cell with a K(d) ranging from 112 +/- 11 pM to 283 +/- 71 pM. Northern blot analysis for 1L-4R gene expression, performed with a cDNA probe to IL-4R, revealed that all RCC cells exhibited a single mRNA species of 4 kb. IL4 downregulated the surface expression of IL-4R on one RCC tumor cell line. The function of IL-4R expression on RCC tumor cells was further determined by investigating the effect of 11.4 on tumor cell growth in vitro and comparing it with IL-4 effect on growth of normal fibroblast and endothelial cell lines. Tumor cell growth, as measured by [H-3]thymidine incorporation, was inhibited by IL-4 from 20 to 68% in a dose-dependent manner. A neutralizing antibody to human IL-4 was able to reverse the growth inhibitory effect of IL-4. Normal human fibroblast and endothelial cell lines also expressed high affinity IL-4R, however, IL=4 did not inhibit their growth in vitro. In fact, IL-4 caused modest stimulation of their growth. Taken together, our findings can help develop strategies for the treatment of RCC in which IL-4R may be used as a target for IL-4 itself, for IL-4 toxin therapy or, alternatively, in gene therapy. C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT UROL,DETROIT,MI 48201. RP OBIRI, NI (reprint author), US FDA,CELLULAR BIOL LAB,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B20,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 32 TC 167 Z9 168 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 88 EP 93 DI 10.1172/JCI116205 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KK042 UT WOS:A1993KK04200015 PM 8423237 ER PT J AU CALDERWOOD, JA JOHNSON, JM AF CALDERWOOD, JA JOHNSON, JM TI A LEGAL CURRICULUM FOR THE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGIST .2. THE COURT SYSTEM AND GRANTS AND CONTRACTS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP CALDERWOOD, JA (reprint author), ZUCKERT SCOUTT & RASENBERGER,888 17TH ST NW,SUITE 600,WASHINGTON,DC 20006, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 33 IS 1 BP 22 EP 28 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KG670 UT WOS:A1993KG67000004 PM 8429109 ER PT J AU FERREIRA, JL BAUMSTARK, BR HAMDY, MK MCCAY, SG AF FERREIRA, JL BAUMSTARK, BR HAMDY, MK MCCAY, SG TI POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION FOR DETECTION OF TYPE-A CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM IN FOODS SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID NEUROTOXIN; SEQUENCE; DNA AB A DNA fragment of the type A Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin gene was demonstrated in canned food products with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The fragment, 1340-bp in size, was amplified from green peas, whole kernel com, green beans, lima beans, black-eyed peas, and turnip greens previously inoculated with type A C. botulinum. The PCR products were identified by agarose gel electrophoresis and also confirmed by dot blot DNA hybridization with a type A specific gene probe. Some inoculated foods were PCR negative but became PCR positive after subculture and overnight incubation in brain heart infusion broth. No PCR amplification products were obtained from uninoculated foods. The procedure was highly sensitive and detected as few as 100 vegetative cells per ml brain heart infusion broth culture. C1 GEORGIA STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI,ATLANTA,GA 30303. US FDA,ATLANTA,GA. RP FERREIRA, JL (reprint author), GEORGIA STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,ATLANTA,GA 30303, USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 56 IS 1 BP 18 EP 20 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA KK749 UT WOS:A1993KK74900004 ER PT J AU DEBELL, KE HODES, R GRAHAM, L YUAN, D HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E AF DEBELL, KE HODES, R GRAHAM, L YUAN, D HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E TI SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN MURINE TH1 AND TH2 CLONES SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,CBER,DMA,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PY 1993 SU S BP 57 EP 57 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA ME185 UT WOS:A1993ME18500146 ER PT J AU DHAWAN, S HEWLETT, I UHING, R WHITE, J WONG, H CIANCIOLO, G ARONOVITZ, J MELTZER, M AF DHAWAN, S HEWLETT, I UHING, R WHITE, J WONG, H CIANCIOLO, G ARONOVITZ, J MELTZER, M TI SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE DERIVED FROM HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 (HIV) GP41 INHIBITS HIV-INFECTION OF MONOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,DIV TRANSFUS TRANSMITTED DIS,MOLEC VIROL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20895. MACRONEX INC,MORRISVILLE,NC 27560. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PY 1993 SU S BP 74 EP 74 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA ME185 UT WOS:A1993ME18500241 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, SM HARADA, N NAKAMURA, Y NOGUCHI, M LELAND, P MIYAJIMA, A PURI, RK LEONARD, WJ AF RUSSELL, SM HARADA, N NAKAMURA, Y NOGUCHI, M LELAND, P MIYAJIMA, A PURI, RK LEONARD, WJ TI THE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR-GAMMA CHAIN IS A COMPONENT OF THE INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTOR SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NHLBI,PULM & MOLEC IMMUNOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. DNAX RES INST MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOL INC,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. US FDA,CBER,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPY,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PY 1993 SU S BP 107 EP 107 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA ME185 UT WOS:A1993ME18500443 ER PT J AU SCHENCK, FJ WAGNER, R BARGO, W AF SCHENCK, FJ WAGNER, R BARGO, W TI DETERMINATION OF CLORSULON RESIDUES IN MILK USING A SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION CLEANUP AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB A method for the isolation and liquid chromatographic determination of the antiparasitic drug clorsulon in milk is presented. Milk samples are deproteinized and the supernatant is purified by solid-phase extraction (SPE). The purified extracts are quantified by HPLC analysis with UV detection. The overall recovery of clorsulon from 30 control milk samples spiked at 25-200 ppb was 77.0% (C.V.- 5.3%). This method, a liquid-liquid extraction method, and a matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) method for the determination of clorsulon in milk gave comparable values for milk samples with incurred clorsulon residues. However, the SPE method uses less solvent and is more rapid than the liquid-liquid extraction method and is more sensitive than the MSPD method. RP SCHENCK, FJ (reprint author), US FDA,900 MADISON AVE,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-3919 J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR JI J. Liq. Chromatogr. PY 1993 VL 16 IS 2 BP 513 EP 520 DI 10.1080/10826079308020928 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA KG869 UT WOS:A1993KG86900016 ER PT J AU SCHENCK, FJ HENNESSY, MK AF SCHENCK, FJ HENNESSY, MK TI DETERMINATION OF DINOCAP IN APPLES, GRAPES, AND PEARS USING A SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION CLEANUP AND HPLC-UV DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION AB A solid phase extraction (SPE) technique for the isolation and HPLC-UV determination of the pesticide dinocap in apples, grapes and pears is described. samples are extracted with acetone; the acetone extract is subjected to cleanup on both C-18 and silica SPE columns. The residues are determined using HPLC with a UV detector. The average recovery from crop samples spiked at tolerance, 0.1 ppm dinocap, was 85.9%. RP SCHENCK, FJ (reprint author), US FDA,BALTIMORE DIST,900 MADISON AVE,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-3919 J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR JI J. Liq. Chromatogr. PY 1993 VL 16 IS 3 BP 755 EP 766 DI 10.1080/10826079308019562 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA KK617 UT WOS:A1993KK61700013 ER PT J AU SCIACCHITANO, CJ MOPPER, B AF SCIACCHITANO, CJ MOPPER, B TI ANALYSIS OF PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXIN (SAXITOXIN) IN MOLLUSKS BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD ANNUAL FREDERICK CONF ON CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS CY OCT 20-21, 1992 CL FREDERICK, MD AB Contamination of seafood by paralytic shellfish toxins is considered a public health hazard by the U.S. Food and DrUg Administration. Human consumption of bivalves including clams, oysters, and mussels which have accumulated significant levels of saxitoxins (STXs) is known as paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). The STXs are a group of structurally related purines which inhibit neurological transmission to nerves and muscles by reversibly binding to sodium channels. The major sources of saxitoxins are the dinoflagellates Alexandrium spp., Pyrodium bahamense var. compressa, and Gymnodinium catenatum. The official method for the detection of the saxitoxins is a non-specific mouse bioassay. Recently, HPLC procedures have been reported to separate and quantify the saxitoxins. TheSe methods, however involve extensive sample clean-up and derivatizations. A simple and selective analysis of a saxitoxin (STX) in mollusks by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) utilizing UV detection, was developed. Detection of saxitoxin was linear over a wide range of STX concentrations, ranging from 0.75ppm to 50ppm (correlation coeffiecient r=0.999), and the coefficient of variation (n=5) for migration and peak area response were less than 1% and 3%, respectively. RP SCIACCHITANO, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,NEW YORK REG LAB,850 3RD AVE,BROOKLYN,NY 11232, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-3919 J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR JI J. Liq. Chromatogr. PY 1993 VL 16 IS 9-10 BP 2081 EP 2088 DI 10.1080/10826079308019916 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA LD281 UT WOS:A1993LD28100015 ER PT J AU BRIGHT, RA JENG, LL MOORE, RM AF BRIGHT, RA JENG, LL MOORE, RM TI NATIONAL SURVEY OF SELF-REPORTED BREAST IMPLANTS - 1988 ESTIMATES SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE BREAST; ARTIFICIAL IMPLANTS; SILICONE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; STATISTICS ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; RECONSTRUCTION; TISSUE; PROSTHESES; MASTECTOMY; CANCER AB This report provides the first population-based national estimates of the prevalence of adult women with breast implants in the U.S. These findings are based on the Medical Device Implant Supplement to the 1988 National Health Interview Survey. The overall prevalence was 33 implant recipients (95% confidence limits [CL]: 26 to 40) per 10,000 women. Almost three-fourths had two implants; prevalence peaked at 85 (59 to 110) per 10,000 for women aged 35 to 44 years. Implant prevalence was statistically significantly greater among women who were white, residents of the south and west, had higher family income, and had more education, who worked, or were slim. Among current implants, 87% were original. Complications were reported for 24% of the implants. C1 US DEPT HHS,PUBL HLTH SERV REG 6,OFF ASSISTANT SECRETARY HLTH,DALLAS,TX 75202. US DEPT HHS,OFF INT AFFAIRS,OFF ASSISTANT SECRETARY HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP BRIGHT, RA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ-161,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Bright, Roselie/D-2240-2016 NR 21 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1993 VL 3 IS 1 BP 81 EP 89 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA KZ655 UT WOS:A1993KZ65500006 PM 10171654 ER PT J AU SHARKNESS, CM ACOSTA, SK MOORE, RM HAMBURGER, S GROSS, TP AF SHARKNESS, CM ACOSTA, SK MOORE, RM HAMBURGER, S GROSS, TP TI METALLIC ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS AND THEIR POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION WITH CANCER SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE IMPLANTATION; ORTHOPEDICS; CANCER ID MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA; TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT; JOINT REPLACEMENT; SITE; SARCOMA; HEMANGIOENDOTHELIOMA; ARTHROPLASTY; PROSTHESIS; VITALLIUM AB In recent years the use of metallic orthopedic implants has increased greatly. The long-term effects of these artificial joints and fixation devices on surrounding and distant body tissues are uncertain. This review paper examines the possible association of cancer with metallic orthopedic implants. Biochemical processes stemming from formation of wear particles and corrosion and iophysical processes related to surface characteristics of implants are discussed as possible initiators and promoters of carcinogenic responses, locally as well as in remote sites. Animal data and human case reports are summarized. Approaches to further studying the issue, including epidemiologic studies, use of registries, and in vitro assays, are presented. C1 US FDA,CDRH,OST,DBS,EB,HFZ-161,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1993 VL 3 IS 3 BP 237 EP 249 PG 13 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA MA972 UT WOS:A1993MA97200007 ER PT J AU BURLINGTON, DB AF BURLINGTON, DB TI NEW DIRECTIONS AT FDAS CENTER FOR DEVICES AND RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Note RP BURLINGTON, DB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1993 VL 3 IS 4 BP 265 EP 267 PG 3 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA MR230 UT WOS:A1993MR23000002 ER PT J AU CALLAHAN, TJ MARLOWE, DE AF CALLAHAN, TJ MARLOWE, DE TI RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT AS RELATED TO EVALUATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES - A VIEW FROM THE FDA SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE RISK MANAGEMENT; MEDICAL DEVICES; IMPLANTS; MATERIALS; FDA; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION AB The regulatory management by the FDA of medical products should be thought of as a form of risk assessment and risk management. This is a new approach, a new way of thinking about product review and postmarket management processes. This paper outlines several aspects of risk assessment and management that have recently been incorporated into the FDA processes that will simplify reviews and lower the risks involved with the use of medical devices. These aspects include development of a new process for selecting the appropriate resources to dedicate to individual device applications, an increased emphasis on good experimental design for clinical studies, and continued development of a biomaterials database (Biomaterials Compendium). C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV CARDIOVASC RESP & NEUROL DEVICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1993 VL 3 IS 4 BP 269 EP 276 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA MR230 UT WOS:A1993MR23000003 PM 10172029 ER PT J AU ALI, SF HOLSON, RR NEWPORT, GD SLIKKER, W BOWYER, JE AF ALI, SF HOLSON, RR NEWPORT, GD SLIKKER, W BOWYER, JE TI METHAMPHETAMINE TOXICITY IS INHIBITED BY PHARMACOLOGICAL MANIPULATION AND REDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES IN MICE SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1993 VL 61 SU S BP S206 EP S206 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA LM565 UT WOS:A1993LM56500815 ER PT J AU GALLO, JM SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, M QIAN, MX AF GALLO, JM SWAGLER, AR MEHTA, M QIAN, MX TI PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF DRUG-INTERACTIONS WITH ANTI-HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS DRUGS .6. EFFECT OF THE CALCIUM-CHANNEL BLOCKER NIMODIPINE ON ZIDOVUDINE KINETICS IN MONKEYS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; 3'-AZIDO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE; ANTAGONISTS; METABOLISM; NUCLEOSIDE; PROTEIN; INHIBITION; TRANSPORT; VERAPAMIL; MEMBRANE AB Coadministration of zidovudine (AZT) and nimodipine, a calcium-channel blocker, is a potential therapeutic regimen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients based on the report that nimodipine can prevent human immunodeficiency virus-induced neurotoxicity in vitro. An evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of AZT and its glucuronide metabolite 3'-azido-3'-deoxy-5'-O-beta-D-glucopyranurosylthymidine (GAZT) in the presence and absence of nimodipine in monkeys was undertaken. After 20 mg/kg of AZT given i.v. in the presence and absence of nimodipine, nimodipine caused a significant reduction (41%) in the volume of distribution of AZT at steady state and a 22% decrease in total clearance. The disposition of GAZT was also influenced by nimodipine, causing a large increase in its area under the plasma concentration-time curve. Renal excretion data for AZT and GAZT, although inconclusive, suggested nimodipine caused a decrease in the renal clearance of AZT with a minimal change in the renal clearance of GAZT. The combined effects of nimodipine on the clearance of AZT and volume of distribution at steady state produced no change in its elimination half-life. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV GEORGIA,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT,ATHENS,GA 30602. FU PHS HHS [223-89-3806] NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 264 IS 1 BP 315 EP 320 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KG484 UT WOS:A1993KG48400046 PM 8423534 ER PT J AU LINDSTROM, RM ZEISLER, R VINCENT, DH GREENBERG, RR STONE, CA MACKEY, EA ANDERSON, DL CLARK, DD AF LINDSTROM, RM ZEISLER, R VINCENT, DH GREENBERG, RR STONE, CA MACKEY, EA ANDERSON, DL CLARK, DD TI NEUTRON-CAPTURE PROMPT GAMMA-RAY ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS AT THE NIST COLD NEUTRON RESEARCH FACILITY SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA ID SCATTERING; RATES AB An instrument for neutron capture prompt gamma-ray activation analysis (PGAA) has been constructed as part of the Cold Neutron Research Facility at the 20 MW National Institute of Standards and Technology Research Reactor. The neutron fluence rate (thermal equivalent) is 1.5 . 10(8) n . cm-2 . s-1, with negligible fast neutrons and gamma-rays. With compact geometry and hydrogen-free construction, the sensitivity is sevenfold better than an existing thermal instrument. Hydrogen background is thirtyfold lower. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP LINDSTROM, RM (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 17 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 167 IS 1 BP 121 EP 126 DI 10.1007/BF02035470 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KJ310 UT WOS:A1993KJ31000015 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, DL CUNNINGHAM, WC ALVAREZ, GH AF ANDERSON, DL CUNNINGHAM, WC ALVAREZ, GH TI MULTIELEMENT ANALYSIS OF FOODS BY NEUTRON-CAPTURE PROMPT GAMMA-RAY ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA AB A method is described for the determination of H, B, Cl, K, Na, S, Ca, and Cd in foods using in-beam neutron capture prompt gamma-ray activation analysis. Special calibration procedures were necessary because of matrix-related thermal neutron scattering-induced sensitivity and background enhancements. Detection limits and sensitivities are presented for best-case and worst-case irradiation conditions. The method was applied to multielement analysis of 41 foods and to B, Cl, and K analysis of 13 orange juice produts in conjunction with analysis by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The purpose of the latter application was to study B losses during acid digestion. RP ANDERSON, DL (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 167 IS 1 BP 139 EP 144 DI 10.1007/BF02035473 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KJ310 UT WOS:A1993KJ31000018 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, DL MACKEY, EA AF ANDERSON, DL MACKEY, EA TI NEUTRON SCATTERING-INDUCED BACKGROUND ENHANCEMENT IN PROMPT GAMMA-RAY ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA AB Background enhancements in neutron capture prompt gamma-ray activation analysis were determined over a large range of total scattering cross sections by irradiating graphite, S, Be, paraffin, urea and H2O targets. Relative to irradiations using Do target, B, Na, Cl, Al, and Pb backgrounds were 7-12 times greater with 2 ml of H2O, but N and Fe backgrounds were only 1.2 and 1.75 times greater, respectively. For biological targets, background count rates can be determined as functions of the 2223 keV H photopeak count rate. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP ANDERSON, DL (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 7 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 167 IS 1 BP 145 EP 151 DI 10.1007/BF02035474 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KJ310 UT WOS:A1993KJ31000019 ER PT J AU MATCHETTE, LS VEGELLA, TJ FAALAND, RW AF MATCHETTE, LS VEGELLA, TJ FAALAND, RW TI VIABLE BACTERIOPHAGE IN CO2-LASER PLUME - AERODYNAMIC SIZE DISTRIBUTION SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ABLATION; LASER SURGERY; PARTICLE DISPERSION; VIRUS AEROSOL ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; INVITRO PRODUCTION; PAPILLOMAVIRUS; VAPOR; DNA AB The size of CO2 laser generated plume particles containing viable bacteriophage, PHIX174, was determined with 2 models (10-830 and 15-500) of Andersen bioaerosol cascade impactors. Samples were collected during 100 one-second laser exposures (approximately 68 W/cm2) of a bacteriophage-agar substrate with and without a space-confining hood. The hood appeared to facilitate collection of the largest particles (P < 0.1). In addition, Andersen model 15-500 was a more efficient collector of the largest particles, a phenomenon which is likely a function of the dynamic nature of the laser plume as well as impactor design. We found that laser plume particles containing viable bacteriophage are very large, in one instance exhibiting a count median aerodynamic diameter (CMAD) and mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 23 and 55 mum, respectively. Furthermore, the appearance of viable bacteriophage in these plume particles constitutes an extremely rare event. The limitations of cascade impactor design when used to analyze particles with high water concentrations generated in a laser plume are discussed. C1 CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1993 VL 13 IS 1 BP 18 EP 22 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900130106 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA KJ791 UT WOS:A1993KJ79100003 PM 8426522 ER PT J AU ORAEVSKY, AA JACQUES, SL PETTIT, GH TITTEL, FK HENRY, PD AF ORAEVSKY, AA JACQUES, SL PETTIT, GH TITTEL, FK HENRY, PD TI XECL LASER ABLATION OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC AORTA - LUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY OF ABLATION PRODUCTS SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE XECL LASER; TISSUE ABLATION; PLUME LUMINESCENCE ID ULTRAVIOLET-LASERS; TISSUE ABLATION; PULSE DURATION; EXCIMER LASER; PLAQUE; ANGIOPLASTY AB XeCl laser ablation of atherosclerotic aorta tissue was investigated. Luminescence spectra of ablation products were measured for soft and hard arterial tissues. A pronounced difference observed between plume luminescence for various plaques and normal vessel wall correlates with the chemical composition of the tissue. The mechanism of plume luminescence appeared to be thermochemical excitation of ablation products (particles, atoms, molecules, etc.) in the air. The process of soft tissue ablation was delayed with respect to the exciting laser pulse at relatively low laser fluences close to the ablation threshold. The kinetics of the ablation process as a function of laser-pulse energy fluence is reported. The data indicate that tissue ejection mechanism, which involves vapor bubbles formation, expansion and explosion, is suitable for the description of the XeCl excimer laser ablation of soft tissues. C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251. BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV CARDIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. USSR ACAD SCI,INST SPECTROSCOPY,TROITSK 142092,RUSSIA. RP ORAEVSKY, AA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,LASER BIOL LAB 17,1515 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R29-HL4504501, R01-HL40884, R01-HL36894] NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1993 VL 13 IS 2 BP 168 EP 178 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900130204 PG 11 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA KU389 UT WOS:A1993KU38900003 PM 8464302 ER PT J AU EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH WEIBLINGER, RP CHEN, CH AF EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH WEIBLINGER, RP CHEN, CH TI TRANSMISSION OF CORNEAL COLLAGEN DURING ARF EXCIMER LASER ABLATION SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE PHOTOABLATION; PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATOPLASTY; ULTRAVIOLET ID ORGANIC POLYMERS; LENS AB The time-resolved transmission of collagen films and 10-mum sections of bovine cornea during ArF laser ablation has been investigated. The film studies were performed on thin layers of extracted bovine corneal collagen, the principal chromophore in 193 nm photoablation. Transmission measurements were made on both dry and water-saturated films to assess the sensitivity of the ablation process to hydration. Distinct transient optical changes were observed in both fully desiccated and rehydrated films. Dehydrated films exhibit rapid reduction in film absorption over the time-course of the ablating laser pulse, presumably due to chromophore bleaching or annihilation. In contrast, rehydrated films demonstrate a short-lived enhancement of the attenuation. In either case, a single ablative laser pulse increased the long-term transmission of the film, although this increase was a factor of five greater for dehydrated films than for rehydrated samples. Results obtained from corneal tissue sections were essentially identical to those derived from hydrated collagen films. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,WILMER OPHTHALMOL INST,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. RP EDIGER, MN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,1901 CHAPMAN AVE,HFZ-134,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1993 VL 13 IS 2 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900130208 PG 7 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA KU389 UT WOS:A1993KU38900007 PM 8464306 ER PT J AU PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, R TITTEL, FK WEILBACHER, D HENRY, PD AF PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, R TITTEL, FK WEILBACHER, D HENRY, PD TI ATHEROSCLEROTIC TISSUE-ANALYSIS BY TIME-RESOLVED XECL EXCIMER-LASER REFLECTOMETRY SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ABLATION; ANGIOPLASTY; DYNAMIC REFLECTIVITY ID FLUORESCENCE; ABLATION; REFLECTIVITY; ANGIOPLASTY; DIAGNOSIS; DYNAMICS AB The temporal modification of XeCl laser pulses reflected from human aorta tissue immersed in saline has been studied. Dynamic tissue reflectivity of both normal and atherosclerotic tissues has been examined for various incident pulse fluences between 0.7 and 6.5 J/cm2. Changes in reflected pulse duration are observed for fluences at or above 2.6 J/cm2 with normal tissue targets and 3.0 J/cm2 With calcified plaque. Such reflected pulse analysis may prove useful in identifying tissue targets for ablation during laser angioplasty. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RICE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251. RP PETTIT, GH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,MAIL STOP HFZ-134,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [5R01 HL36894] NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1993 VL 13 IS 3 BP 279 EP 283 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900130304 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA LE065 UT WOS:A1993LE06500003 PM 8515667 ER PT J AU PETTIT, GH EDIGER, MN AF PETTIT, GH EDIGER, MN TI PUMP-PROBE TRANSMISSION MEASUREMENTS OF CORNEAL TISSUE DURING EXCIMER-LASER ABLATION SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE CORNEAL TISSUE; COLLIMATED TRANSMISSION; SCATTERING; PHOTOABLATION AB Transient changes in the transmission of a 355 nm probe pulse through corneal tissue during 193 nm ArF laser ablation have been examined. A significant decrease in collimated transmission of the probe beam was observed for time delays between 10 ns and 1 ms after the 193 nm laser pulse. At 10 ns delay the collimated probe transmission was 70% of the preablation level. Minimum collimated transmission (40%) was observed at 30 mus delay. Transmitted probe examination by both diode array and integrating sphere measurements indicate the observed attenuation is due to scattering of the incident probe beam and not due to absorption. The significant scattering at nanosecond delay times suggests onset of the ablation process during the ArF pulse. Scattering therefore may affect the deposition of the 193 nm radiation in the ablation target. RP PETTIT, GH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,MAIL STOP HFZ-134,1901 CHAPMAN AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1993 VL 13 IS 3 BP 363 EP 367 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900130313 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA LE065 UT WOS:A1993LE06500012 PM 8515675 ER PT J AU MERBERG, GN AF MERBERG, GN TI CURRENT STATUS OF INFRARED FIBER OPTICS FOR MEDICAL LASER POWER DELIVERY SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE CHALCOGENIDE; FLUORIDE GLASS; HOLLOW WAVE-GUIDE; SAPPHIRE; SILVER HALIDE ID SAPPHIRE FIBERS; HOLLOW SAPPHIRE; WAVE-GUIDES; TRANSMISSION; SYSTEMS AB There are a host of fiber-optic delivery devices available for use with the Er:YAG, HF, CO, and CO2 lasers at 2.9, 2.8, 5.3, and 10.6 mum wavelengths, respectively. While many of these fibers are not as convenient to use as conventional silica fibers, they offer the ability to deliver infrared laser energy for a wide variety of medical applications. The fundamental attributes of fluoride glass, chalcogenide glass, single-crystal sapphire, and polycrystalline silver halide optical fibers are reviewed and their practical properties tabulated. (C) 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. RP MERBERG, GN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL HFZ-134,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 27 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1993 VL 13 IS 5 BP 572 EP 576 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900130513 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA LZ529 UT WOS:A1993LZ52900012 PM 8264330 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA TAYLOR, MR MARYANSKI, JH FLAMM, EL KAHL, LS AF KESSLER, DA TAYLOR, MR MARYANSKI, JH FLAMM, EL KAHL, LS GP SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY LAW SCHOOL TI THE SAFETY OF FOODS DEVELOPED BY BIOTECHNOLOGY SO LAW AND SCIENCE AT THE CROSSROADS: BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGY, ETHICS, PUBLIC POLICY AND THE LAW LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Law and Science at the Crossroads: Biomedical Technology, Ethics, Public Policy and the Law CY OCT 21-22, 1993 CL BOSTON, MA SP SUFFOLK UNIV LAW SCH, UNIV MASSACHUSETTS MED CTR, OFF CONTINUING EDUC C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SUFFOLK UNIV LAW SCHOOL PI BOSTON PA ADVANCED LEGAL STUDIES, 41 TEMPLE STREET, BOSTON, MA 02114 PY 1993 BP 411 EP 414 PG 4 WC Law; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Government & Law; Biomedical Social Sciences GA BZ93T UT WOS:A1993BZ93T00051 ER PT B AU WAYNANT, RW MERBERG, GN AF WAYNANT, RW MERBERG, GN GP IEEE TI FIBER OPTICS FOR FREE-ELECTRON LASER MEDICAL APPLICATIONS SO LEOS '93 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS: IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 1993 ANNUAL MEETING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers-and-Electro-Optics-Society (LEOS 93) CY NOV 15-18, 1993 CL SAN JOSE CONVENT CTR, SAN JOSE, CA SP IEEE, LASERS & ELECTRO OPT SOC HO SAN JOSE CONVENT CTR C1 US FDA,CDRH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1263-5 J9 IEEE LEOS ANN MTG PY 1993 BP 227 EP 227 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BA47C UT WOS:A1993BA47C00103 ER PT J AU FARRIS, FF DEDRICK, RL AF FARRIS, FF DEDRICK, RL TI ABSORPTION OF METHYLMERCURY FROM HAIR INGESTED BY RATS SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MAMMALIAN PREY DIGESTIBILITY; INORGANIC MERCURY; TRANSPORT AB Hair taken from rats dosed with Hg-203-labeled methylmercury was fed to previously untreated rats in order to determine if the organo-mercurial was available for release from the hair matrix within the gut lumen and for subsequent systemic absorption. Cumulative fecal excretion data were consistent with an absorption of about 80% of the ingested methylmercury. The relative amounts of methylmercury and of its metabolite, inorganic mercury, in the feces indicated that the percentage of the parent compound released from hair within the intestine equaled or exceeded the estimated bioavailability. Radioactivity in tissues of animals killed 42 hr following hair consumption confirmed that mercury absorption had occurred. C1 NIH,NATL CTR RES RESOURCES,BIOMED ENGN & INSTRUMENTAT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP FARRIS, FF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,4 RES COURT,ROOM 314,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PY 1993 VL 53 IS 12 BP 1023 EP 1029 DI 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90125-M PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LT666 UT WOS:A1993LT66600007 PM 8361326 ER PT J AU SNAWDER, JE BENSON, RW LEAKEY, JEA ROBERTS, DW AF SNAWDER, JE BENSON, RW LEAKEY, JEA ROBERTS, DW TI THE EFFECT OF PROPYLENE-GLYCOL ON THE P450-DEPENDENT METABOLISM OF ACETAMINOPHEN AND OTHER CHEMICALS IN SUBCELLULAR-FRACTIONS OF MOUSE-LIVER SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CYTOCHROME-P-450 ISOZYMES; PROTEIN; PARACETAMOL; MICROSOMES; SYSTEM; ASSAY; HEPATOTOXICITY; HYDROXYLATION; DEMETHYLASE; ACTIVATION AB Propylene glycol (PG) decreases the hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen (APAP). To elucidate the mechanism for this response, we measured the effect of PG on the in vitro metabolism of APAP by subcellular liver fractions from 6-10 week-old male B6C3F1 mice. The, fractions were assayed for their ability to bioactivate APAP to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine, which was trapped as APAP-glutathione conjugates or APAP-protein adducts, and for dimethyl-nitrosamine-N-demethylase (DMN), 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase (4-NPOH), and phenacetin-0-deethylase (PAD) activities. Activity in the crude mitochondrial-rich (10,000 x g pellet) fraction was low and PG had no effect. PG inhibited DMN and 4-NPOH, indicators of IIE1-dependent activity, and the formation of APAP-glutathione conjugates and APAP-protein adducts in both heavy (15,000 xg pellet) and light (100,000 xg pellet) microsomes. PAD, a measure of IA2-dependent activity, was not inhibited. These data demonstrate that PG selectively inhibits IIE1 activity, including the bioactivation of APAP, and implicates this as the mechanism for PG-mediated protection of APAP hepatotoxicity in mice. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SNAWDER, JE (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PY 1993 VL 52 IS 2 BP 183 EP 189 DI 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90138-S PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KC066 UT WOS:A1993KC06600008 PM 8355558 ER PT J AU HANSEN, DK KNOWLES, BJ FULLERTON, FR POIRIER, LA AF HANSEN, DK KNOWLES, BJ FULLERTON, FR POIRIER, LA TI EFFECT OF NITROUS-OXIDE EXPOSURE ON MATERNAL AND EMBRYONIC S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE LEVELS AND ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE ACTIVITY SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID RAT-LIVER; METHIONINE; ANESTHETISTS; METABOLISM; ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE; INACTIVATION; PREGNANCY; OXIDATION; TISSUES; ACID AB Nitrous oxide is suspected to be a developmental toxicant in humans. The anesthetic does produce increases in the resorption and malformation frequencies in rodents. The mechanism for the drug's developmental toxicant effects is unknown. Embryonic DNA synthesis is decreased; however, this decrease does not appear to be due to depressed levels of adenine or guanine. In this investigation, we examined the effect of N2O on maternal and embryonic S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) levels and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, and the effect of exogenous methionine (Met) on these parameters was also examined. AdoMet and ODC are involved in polyamine synthesis, and polyamines are involved in regulation of macromolecular synthesis. Pregnant rats were treated with N2O for 24 hours beginning on the morning of day 10 of gestation. There was no effect of N2O on maternal hepatic AdoMet or S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) levels; there was also no effect on embryonic AdoMet. Embryonic AdoHcy could not be detected in many of the samples; however, N2O treatment did significantly increase the number of embryonic samples in which AdoHcy was detectable. ODC activity was not affected by either treatment in dams but was increased by N2O in embryos. It is possible that the embryotoxic effect of this anesthetic is mediated by alterations in the AdoMet to AdoHcy ratio or to changes in ODC activity and polyamine synthesis. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HANSEN, DK (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PY 1993 VL 52 IS 21 BP 1669 EP 1675 DI 10.1016/0024-3205(93)90474-H PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KY625 UT WOS:A1993KY62500001 PM 8502112 ER PT B AU MYERS, KJ WAGNER, RF HANSON, KM AF MYERS, KJ WAGNER, RF HANSON, KM BE MohammadDjafari, A Demoment, G TI BINARY TASK-PERFORMANCE ON IMAGES RECONSTRUCTED USING MEMSYS-3 - COMPARISON OF MACHINE AND HUMAN OBSERVERS SO MAXIMUM ENTROPY AND BAYESIAN METHODS SE FUNDAMENTAL THEORIES OF PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Workshop on Maximum Entropy and Bayesian Methods (MaxEnt 92) CY JUL 19-24, 1992 CL CNRS, PARIS, FRANCE SP CNRS, DEF MINIST, DIRECT RECH & DEV, SHOUNAN INST TECHNOL, CTR NATL ETUDES TELECOMMUN, CNRS, GRP RES GDR 134, LAB SIGNAUX & SYST, KLUWER ED HO CNRS C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2280-0 J9 FUND THEOR PY 1993 VL 53 BP 415 EP 421 PG 7 WC Physics, Mathematical; Statistics & Probability SC Physics; Mathematics GA BA12B UT WOS:A1993BA12B00051 ER PT J AU SCHEUERMANN, RH BAUER, SR AF SCHEUERMANN, RH BAUER, SR TI POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION-BASED MESSENGER-RNA QUANTIFICATION USING AN INTERNAL STANDARD - ANALYSIS OF ONCOGENE EXPRESSION SO METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CHROMOSOME-TRANSLOCATION; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; CDNA SEQUENCE; GROWTH-FACTOR; GENE; DNA; PROTEIN; MURINE C1 US FDA,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SCHEUERMANN, RH (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,DALLAS,TX 75235, USA. RI Bauer, Steven/G-5559-2012; OI Scheuermann, Richard/0000-0003-1355-892X NR 36 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Method Enzymol. PY 1993 VL 218 BP 446 EP 473 PG 28 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA LU441 UT WOS:A1993LU44100033 PM 7685470 ER PT J AU NEFT, RE ROE, AL SMITH, BA BELAND, FA AF NEFT, RE ROE, AL SMITH, BA BELAND, FA TI DINITROPYRENE METABOLISM, DNA ADDUCT FORMATION, AND DNA AMPLIFICATION IN AN SV40-TRANSFORMED CHINESE-HAMSTER EMBRYO CELL-LINE SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article DE C-FOS; P-32-POSTLABELING; CO-60 CELLS ID OVARY CELLS; ONCOGENE AMPLIFICATION; 1,6-DINITROPYRENE; INDUCTION; 1,8-DINITROPYRENE; CARCINOGENICITY; MUTAGENICITY; NITROARENES; INVITRO; RATS AB The environmental pollutants 1,6-dinitropyrene (1,6-DNP) and 1,8-dinitropyrene (1,8-DNP) are strongly carcinogenic in a number of animal models. These DNPs are metabolized by nitroreduction to N-hydroxy arylamine derivatives that either directly or after acetylation bind to cellular DNA. In the experiments reported here, we examined whether DNA adduct formation by 1,6-DNP and 1,8-DNP was associated with amplification of specific DNA sequences, a process that may be causally related to tumorigenesis. CO60 cells, an SV40-transformed Chinese hamster embryo cell line, were incubated with 2.5 or 50 ng/mL [4,5,9,10-H-3]1,6-DNP for 5 h. High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of organic extracts of the medium indicated the presence of 1-acetylamino-6-nitropyrene, suggesting that these cells are capable of nitroreduction and acetylation. P-32-Postlabeling analysis of DNA isolated from cells exposed to 1.0 or 2.5 ng/mL 1,6-DNP revealed dose-related formation of N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-amino-6-nitropyrene. A similar adduct, presumably N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-1-amino-8-nitropyrene, was detected after incubations with 1,8-DNP. DNA isolated from analogous experiments was slot-blotted onto nylon membranes and hybridized with P-32 labeled SV40, c-fos, or beta-actin DNA probes. beta-Actin was not amplified and c-fos was amplified only a small amount; however, there was dose-related amplification of SV40 sequences, whose levels were in some instances approximately 20 times that observed in solvent-treated controls. These data indicate that DNA adduct formation by 1,6-DNP and 1,8-DNP is associated with the amplification of certain DNA sequences, a response that may be related to the tumorigenic potential of these compounds. (C) 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0899-1987 J9 MOL CARCINOGEN JI Mol. Carcinog. PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP 221 EP 227 DI 10.1002/mc.2940070404 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology GA LK596 UT WOS:A1993LK59600003 PM 8394716 ER PT J AU GAO, WY STORM, C EGAN, W CHENG, YC AF GAO, WY STORM, C EGAN, W CHENG, YC TI CELLULAR PHARMACOLOGY OF PHOSPHOROTHIOATE HOMOOLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES IN HUMAN-CELLS SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID C-MYC; ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; COMPARATIVE INHIBITION; EXPRESSION; PINOCYTOSIS; OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; MECHANISMS; TRANSPORT; ENDOSOMES; LYSOSOMES AB The uptake and distribution of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides by human cells were studied using S-35-labeled 28-mer phosphorothioate oligodeoxycytidine [S-(dC)28]. Accumulation of intracellular S-(dC)28 was found to be higher in the carcinoma cells (grown in monolayers) than in the leukemia cells (grown in suspension culture). A hepatoma cell line transfected with hepatitis B virus, 2215, was chosen for further studies. The uptake of S-(dC)28 was partially dependent on temperature and energy. The intracellular concentration was significantly higher than that in the medium and the amount accumulated was dependent on the extracellular concentration. It appears that the uptake of S-(dC)28 involves mechanisms of both fluid-phase pinocytosis and adsorptive endocytosis. Neither oligonucleotides nor 5'-phosphorylated nucleotides inhibited S-(dC)28 uptake. Unlike horseradish peroxidase, which was primarily associated with endosomes once it was taken into the cell, S-(dC)28 was found to be present in both nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions. Efflux of S-(dC)28 from the cell was multiphasic; a trapping mechanism that could be due to a potent interaction of S-(dC)28 with cellular proteins was implicated. This trapping mechanism could be responsible for the lack of biological activity such as cytotoxicity and antisense activity of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides in some human cells. C1 YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,POB 3333,STERLING HALL MED,333 CEDAR ST,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-44358] NR 21 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 43 IS 1 BP 45 EP 50 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KH565 UT WOS:A1993KH56500008 PM 8423768 ER PT B AU KODELL, RL GEORGE, EO AF KODELL, RL GEORGE, EO BE Patil, GP Rao, CR TI CARCINOGENICITY TESTS INVOLVING MULTIPLE TUMOR SITES SO MULTIVARIATE ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS SE NORTH-HOLLAND SERIES IN STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Multivariate Analysis CY MAY, 1992 CL PENN STATE, UNIV PK, PA HO PENN STATE DE BIOASSAY; P-VALUE; EXPERIMENTWISE ERROR; BONFERRONI-STYLE ADJUSTMENTS C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-89804-2 J9 N-HOLLAND STAT PROB PY 1993 VL 6 BP 215 EP 225 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA BZ95N UT WOS:A1993BZ95N00011 ER PT J AU AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE HEFLICH, RH GEORGE, EC CASCIANO, DA AF AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE HEFLICH, RH GEORGE, EC CASCIANO, DA TI THE EFFECT OF TIME AFTER TREATMENT, TREATMENT SCHEDULE AND ANIMAL AGE ON THE FREQUENCY OF 6-THIOGUANINE-RESISTANT LYMPHOCYTE-T INDUCED IN FISCHER-344 RATS BY N-ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DOSES, SINGLE AND SPLIT; LYMPHOCYTES, RAT; 6-THIOGUANINE-RESISTANT T-LYMPHOCYTES; N-ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA ID DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES; CALORIC RESTRICTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; MUTANT FREQUENCY; CELL; INVIVO; MICE; MUTATIONS; INDUCTION; EXPOSURE AB The persistence of 6-thioguanine-resistant (TG(r)) T-lymphocytes was investigated in Fischer 344 rats treated with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) using two schedules. Male rats, aged 3 months, were given i.p. injections containing a total of 0, 50 or 100 mg ENU/kg either as a single treatment (single-dose group) or divided among 10 weekly treatments (split-dose group). At 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 weeks after the single-dose treatment, and 10, 20, 30 and 50 weeks after beginning the split-dose regimen, animals were assayed for the frequency of TG(r) spleen lymphocytes. ENU produced significant dose- and time-dependent responses in the single- and the split-dose treatment groups. Although a few of the 50 mg/kg split-dose treatments were significantly higher than the comparative single-dose groups, the number of TG(r) lymphocytes produced by the two dosing regimens were generally similar. The frequency of TG(r) cells for control animals increased with the age of the animals. The mode of ENU administration did not greatly influence the percent cloning efficiency (%CE) of the non-selection cultures, although the %CE declined in animals over 10 months of age. To investigate the relationship between the frequency of TG(r) cells and the age of the animals at the time of ENU administration, additional rats aged 17 months were treated with a single dose of ENU and at 1, 5 and 10 weeks following exposure, the frequencies of TG(r) cells were determined from the isolated lymphocytes. No difference in mutagen sensitivity between rats treated at 3 months of age and those treated at 17 months of age was detected at the time points evaluated. The data demonstrate the persistence of ENU-induced TG(r) T-lymphocytes in the rat and suggest that the dose and possibly the treatment schedule, but not the age of the animal at the time of treatment, affect the response. RP AIDOO, A (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 26 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1993 VL 298 IS 3 BP 169 EP 178 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(93)90038-F PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA KG888 UT WOS:A1993KG88800004 PM 7678151 ER PT J AU MARAGOS, CM ANDREWS, AW KEEFER, LK ELESPURU, RK AF MARAGOS, CM ANDREWS, AW KEEFER, LK ELESPURU, RK TI MUTAGENICITY OF GLYCERYL TRINITRATE (NITROGLYCERIN) IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; NITROGLYCERIN; NITRIC OXIDE; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM ID NITRIC-OXIDE; TARGET SEQUENCES; RATS; DNA; NITROARENES; INDUCTION; MUTATIONS; NITRATE; STRAINS; AGENTS AB The recent finding that the clinical nitrovasodilator, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), is mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535 has been examined in closer detail, with emphasis on its mechanism of action. GTN increased the number of His+ revertants to a maximum of 4 times over background at a GTN dose of 5 mumol/plate. Hamster liver S9 depressed the toxicity of high GTN doses and increased the maximum number of revertants to 5 times over background at 10 mumol/plate. GTN did not cause significant reversion in any of the six other S. typhimurium strains tested (TA1975, TA102, TA1538, TA100, TA100NR, YG1026), although signs of toxicity were observed. Therefore, the mutagenicity of GTN was manifest only in the repair-deficient (uvrB and lacking in pKM101) strain which is responsive to single base changes. Oligonucleotide probe hybridization of TA1535 revertants showed that virtually all of the GTN-induced mutants contained C --> T transitions in either the first or second base of the hisG46 (CCC) target codon, with a preference for the latter. A similar mutational spectrum was seen previously with a complex of spermine and nitric oxide (NO) which releases nitric oxide. This suggests that NO, which can be derived from GTN via metabolic reduction, may be responsible for GTN's mutagenic action. The known NO scavenger oxymyoglobin did not substantially alter the dose response of GTN, indicating that extracellular NO was not mediating reversion. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that intracellular nitric oxide is responsible for the observed mutations. C1 NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,CHEM SECT,COMPARAT CARCINOGENESIS LAB,BLDG 538,ROOM 205E,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,PRI DYN CORP,FREDERICK,MD 21702. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Keefer, Larry/N-3247-2014 OI Keefer, Larry/0000-0001-7489-9555 FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102] NR 23 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1993 VL 298 IS 3 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(93)90040-K PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA KG888 UT WOS:A1993KG88800006 PM 7678153 ER PT J AU SHADDOCK, JG FEUERS, RJ CHOU, MW PEGRAM, RA CASCIANO, DA AF SHADDOCK, JG FEUERS, RJ CHOU, MW PEGRAM, RA CASCIANO, DA TI EFFECTS OF AGING AND CALORIC RESTRICTION ON THE GENOTOXICITY OF 4 CARCINOGENS IN THE INVITRO RAT HEPATOCYTE DNA-REPAIR ASSAY SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CALORIC RESTRICTION; DNA REPAIR; HEPATOCYTES, RAT; 2-AAF; AFB1; DMBA; DMN; CYTOCHROME-P450 ENZYMES ID DRUG-METABOLIZING-ENZYMES; LIFE-SPAN; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS; DIETARY RESTRICTION; LIVER-MICROSOMES; FOOD RESTRICTION; EXCISION-REPAIR; FISCHER-344 RAT; AGE; CYTOCHROME-P-450 AB The effects of aging and chronic caloric restriction (CR) on the genotoxicity of four carcinogens, representing four different classes of chemicals, in the in vitro rat hepatocyte/DNA repair assay were investigated. Hepatocyte cultures were isolated from young, middle-aged, and old male Fischer (F344) rats which were maintained on either an ad libitum (AL) or a CR diet (60% of AL). Hepatocyte cultures from old AL rats, treated with 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), exhibited age-related decreases in DNA repair as compared to young AL rats. By contrast, cultures from young CR rats exhibited significant diet-related decreases in DNA repair with 2-AAF, AFB1, DMBA and DMN, when compared to results from young AL diet-fed rats. Old CR F344 rat derived cultures exhibited no significant age-related dose-dependent decrease in the DNA repair response with any of the chemicals tested. However, in cultures from old CR rats 10.0 muM AFB1 produced an age-related decrease in DNA repair from the response observed in young CR rats. When hepatocytes were isolated from Aroclor 1254-induced rats, increases in DNA repair were observed. These data indicate an age- and diet-related decrease in DNA repair and/or DNA damage and suggest that this decrease is due to a decrease in metabolic activation of these carcinogens to genotoxic species. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV COMPARAT TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP SHADDOCK, JG (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT 120,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 56 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1993 VL 295 IS 1 BP 19 EP 30 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90008-Q PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JZ619 UT WOS:A1993JZ61900003 PM 7677926 ER PT J AU RANDERATH, K HART, RW ZHOU, GD REDDY, R DANNA, TF RANDERATH, E AF RANDERATH, K HART, RW ZHOU, GD REDDY, R DANNA, TF RANDERATH, E TI ENHANCEMENT OF AGE-RELATED INCREASES IN DNA I-COMPOUND LEVELS BY CALORIE RESTRICTION - COMPARISON OF MALE B-N AND F-344-RATS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DNA ADDUCTS; I-COMPOUNDS; (RAT); LIVER; KIDNEY; CALORIC RESTRICTION; STRAIN COMPARISON; P-32 POSTLABELING ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; LIVER DNA; FISCHER RATS; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-PARA-DIOXIN; METABOLISM; MODULATION; REDUCTION; HEPATOMAS; INDUCTION; PROTEIN AB Caloric restriction (CR), known to extend median and maximum life spans, improve resistance to carcinogenesis, and significantly retard age-associated degenerative diseases in rodents, was previously reported to modulate levels of indigenous, age-dependent DNA modifications, called I-compounds, in male Brown-Norway (B-N) rats. Since profiles of these adduct-like derivatives are species-, strain-, sex-, and tissue-specific, we explored this apparent CR/I-compound relationship in a comparative study between male B-N and male Fischer 344 (F-344) rats, the latter having a shorter life expectancy and high incidence of renal disease. Control animals were fed NIH-31 diet ad libitum (AL), while the caloric intake of CR animals was limited to 60% of AL, starting at 3.5 months. Liver and kidney DNA from 1, 8, 12, 16, 24 (AL, CR), and 30 (CR only) month old rats was analyzed by P-32-postlabeling. Corresponding tissues from the two strains yielded similar DNA profiles. Total liver I-compound levels displayed 2.3-4.6-fold age-dependent increases from 1 to 24 months, and kidney values at 24 months were 5.2-8 times higher than those at 1 month. In both strains, I-compound levels of CR animals were higher, up to 2-fold, than in age-matched AL rats. Regression analyses indicated linear relationships between most CR relative adduct labeling values (both total and individual fractions) and age, whereas many AL values exhibited this type of link with log age. These findings confirm that a correlation exists between CR and I-compound levels, and, given the above physiological benefits of CR, indicate that I-compounds represent biomarkers of aging with potential utility in intervention studies. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP RANDERATH, K (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,DIV TOXICOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 07750] NR 37 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1993 VL 295 IS 1 BP 31 EP 46 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90009-R PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA JZ619 UT WOS:A1993JZ61900004 PM 7677927 ER PT J AU BENNETT, RW MURTHY, G KAYLOR, L COX, S HARMON, SM AF BENNETT, RW MURTHY, G KAYLOR, L COX, S HARMON, SM TI BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SEROLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF BACILLUS-CEREUS DIARRHEAL FACTOR SO NETHERLANDS MILK AND DAIRY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BACILLUS CEREUS; ENTEROTOXIN; TOXIN; HUMAN DIARRHEA ID ENTERO-TOXIN AB Bacillus cereus is associated with two distinct types of foodborne illness, diarrhoeal and emetic, which are caused by two toxins produced by the bacterium. Because the symptoms of these toxins are like those of other foodborne toxins, they must be identified in suspect foods. We attempted to identify and characterize the bacterial antigen associated with toxic diarrhoea. Selected extracellular proteins of the bacterium (antigens 573, 577 and 580, cereolysin and secondary haemolysins from several strains of B. cereus, including B4ac) were identified serologically and given by mouth to monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) in crude form or partially purified through Amberlite resin CG400. Monkeys fed on crude or partially purified preparations of antigen 577 suffered diarrhoea (crude, 13 out of 15; partially purified, 4 out of 5) after receiving at least 250 arbitary units (1 u corresponds to 1 mL of preparation with a titre of 1 or, for instance, 1 muL of titre 1000). However comparable preparations chromatographed on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose (DEAE) caused no diarrhoea (0/9). So the DEAE must have destabilized or inactivated the toxin. Preparations lacking antigen 577 but containing the other antigens caused no diarrhoea. Crude or partially purified antigen 577 neutralized with a serum against 577 caused no significant diarrhoea (1 out of 12). A monospecific serum against 577 has been prepared for identification of the diarrhoeal toxin produced by B. species including B. cereus in culture fluids and foods. C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP BENNETT, RW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUDOC PI WAGENINGEN PA P O BOX 4, 6700 WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0028-209X J9 NETH MILK DAIRY J JI Neth. Milk Dairy J. PY 1993 VL 47 IS 2 BP 105 EP 120 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA LQ415 UT WOS:A1993LQ41500006 ER PT J AU BOAL, JH IYER, RP EGAN, W AF BOAL, JH IYER, RP EGAN, W TI THE 5'-HYDROGEN PHOSPHONATE ANALOG AS A POTENTIAL PRODRUG OF 3'-AZIDO-2',3'-DIDEOXYTHYMIDINE (AZT) SO NUCLEOSIDES & NUCLEOTIDES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; 3'-AZIDO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE; REPLICATION; ZIDOVUDINE; INHIBITOR; THERAPY; HIV AB A novel synthesis of AZT-5'-H-phosphonate 2, involving decarboxylation of the phosphonoformate intermediate 7, is reported herein. Studies of the metabolism of 2 in U937 cells indicate that 2 is readily converted to AZT-5'-monophosphate. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0732-8311 J9 NUCLEOS NUCLEOT JI Nucleosides Nucleotides PY 1993 VL 12 IS 10 BP 1075 EP 1084 DI 10.1080/07328319308016205 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MM884 UT WOS:A1993MM88400006 ER PT J AU DAUSCH, JG FULLERTON, FR AF DAUSCH, JG FULLERTON, FR TI INCREASED LEVELS OF S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE IN THE LIVERS OF RATS FED VARIOUS FORMS OF SELENIUM SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AZO-DYE HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS; DNA METHYLATION; CANCER; 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; PROTECTION; METHIONINE; TOXICITY AB The levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) were determined in the livers of male weanling rats fed six different forms of selenium for five weeks. The following forms of selenium were administrated in the diet in logarithmic doses: sodium selenite, sodium selenate, sodium selenide, selenomethionine, selenocystine, and selenium sulfide. An overall increase in hepatic SAM was observed, and all compounds resulted in at least one observation where SAM was significantly, elevated (p < 0.01). No dose-response relationship was found to exist, however. A comparison of the relative toxicity of each of the selenicals was based on a dose of 10 ppm dietary selenium for each chemical form. The elevation of SAM resulting from the subchronic administration of selenium may be one mechanism involved in the well-known chemopreventive effects in experimental models. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR HLTH STAT,HYATTSVILLE,MD. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 1993 VL 20 IS 1 BP 31 EP 39 PG 9 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA LQ540 UT WOS:A1993LQ54000004 PM 8415128 ER PT J AU WAMER, WG WEI, RR MATUSIK, JE KORNHAUSER, A DUNKEL, VC AF WAMER, WG WEI, RR MATUSIK, JE KORNHAUSER, A DUNKEL, VC TI BETA-CAROTENE UPTAKE, METABOLISM, AND DISTRIBUTION IN BALB/C 3T3 CELLS SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RETINOIC ACID; 10T1/2 CELLS; VITAMIN-A; INVITRO; CANCER; TRANSFORMATION; CANTHAXANTHIN AB Although a growing number of epidemiological studies indicate that dietary beta-carotene has anticarcinogenic activity, the mechanism(s) of beta-carotene protection remains to be definitively established. In this context, in vitro studies of beta-carotene have been, and continue to be, valuable. We examined the following critical features in designing an in vitro system for studying the protective action of beta-carotene: 1) form of beta-carotene used for cellular uptake, 2) cellular metabolism of beta-carotene, and 3) subcellular distribution of beta-carotene. It was determined that beta-carotene added to medium in a water-dispersible formulation is readily taken up by BALB/c 3T3 cells and is located predominantly in cellular membranes. Cellular uptake of beta-carotene added to medium in an organic solvent is greatly reduced. It was also found that intracellular retinol increased significantly after a three-day exposure of BALB/c 3T3 cells to media containing beta-carotene. This result suggests that the ability to metabolize beta-carotene to retinoids is not limited to cells of intestinal origin. The results and methodology described here will be useful in the rational design of in vitro assays for elucidating the mechanism (s) of beta-carotene protective effects at the cellular level. RP WAMER, WG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,HFF-164,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 40 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 PG 11 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA KU904 UT WOS:A1993KU90400004 PM 8446513 ER PT J AU JENKINS, MY SHEIKH, NM MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR CARTER, CJ AF JENKINS, MY SHEIKH, NM MITCHELL, GV GRUNDEL, E BLAKELY, SR CARTER, CJ TI DIETARY CAROTENOIDS INFLUENCED BIOCHEMICAL BUT NOT MORPHOLOGICAL-CHANGES IN ADULT MALE-RATS FED A CHOLINE-DEFICIENT DIET SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TRANS-BETA-CAROTENE; VITAMIN-E; DUNALIELLA-BARDAWIL; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; CANCER; CANTHAXANTHIN; METHIONINE; INHIBITION; SELENIUM AB In a study of the effects of carotenoids, canthaxanthin (CA), beta-apo-8'-carotenal (BA), or beta-carotene in an extract of Spirulina-Dunaliella algae (AE) was fed at 0%, 0.1%, or 0.2% in a choline-deficient (CD) diet. In each of eight groups, 10 adult male Fischer 344 rats were fed diets with designated carotenoid sources and levels or a choline-sufficient diet for 12 weeks. Carotenoids altered some of the changes induced by the CD diet. Increases in enlargement of fatty livers and low plasma cholesterol levels occurred in rats fed 0.2% BA. Plasma retinol was further reduced 35% by BA or AE BA and AE increased liver total vitamin A about 80% and 305%, respectively. Liver lipid peroxidation was enhanced and plasma alpha-tocopherol was reduced further by 1.0% AE. AE, BA, and CA (mg/g fat) depressed liver alpha-tocopherol about 49%, 67%, and 78%, respectively. The decreased liver alpha-tocopherol was concurrent with an increase in carotenoid stores of CA > BA > AE Histopathological examination of sections of liver tissue by light microscopy showed fatty and cirrhotic changes in all rats fed CD diets. Histochemical evaluation based on a semiquantitative assay revealed a marked increase in peroxisome enzyme activity in the livers of all CD rats. None of the carotenoids appeared to have any effect on the development of morphological changes in the liver. Although carotenoids can function as antioxidants, they did not prevent changes observed in rats fed CD diets. C1 US FDA, DIV NUTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, DIV PATHOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0163-5581 EI 1532-7914 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP 55 EP 65 PG 11 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA KU904 UT WOS:A1993KU90400006 PM 8446515 ER PT S AU HEWLETT, IK JOSHI, B RIORDAN, G POLLOCK, L EPSTEIN, JS AF HEWLETT, IK JOSHI, B RIORDAN, G POLLOCK, L EPSTEIN, JS BE Lyman, WD Rubinstein, A TI A RAPID, SENSITIVE, PCR-BASED METHOD FOR DETECTION OF HIV-1 SPECIFIC NUCLEIC-ACID IN THE CULTURE SUPERNATANT OF INFECTED-CELLS SO PEDIATRIC AIDS: CLINICAL, PATHOLOGIC, AND BASIC SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Pediatric Aids: Clinical, Pathologic, and Basic Science Perspectives CY NOV 18-21, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI RP HEWLETT, IK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-791-3 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 693 BP 264 EP 267 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26278.x PG 4 WC Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Pathology; Pediatrics; Virology SC Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Pathology; Pediatrics; Virology GA BZ45X UT WOS:A1993BZ45X00029 PM 8267274 ER PT S AU JOSHI, B EPSTEIN, J LEE, SF MAYNER, R HEWLETT, IK AF JOSHI, B EPSTEIN, J LEE, SF MAYNER, R HEWLETT, IK BE Lyman, WD Rubinstein, A TI EVALUATION OF ANTI-HIV AGENTS IN-VITRO BY QUANTITATIVE PCR SO PEDIATRIC AIDS: CLINICAL, PATHOLOGIC, AND BASIC SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Pediatric Aids: Clinical, Pathologic, and Basic Science Perspectives CY NOV 18-21, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,RETROVIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-791-3 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1993 VL 693 BP 306 EP 308 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26292.x PG 3 WC Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Pathology; Pediatrics; Virology SC Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Pathology; Pediatrics; Virology GA BZ45X UT WOS:A1993BZ45X00043 PM 8267287 ER PT J AU BOWYER, JF GOUGH, B SLIKKER, W LIPE, GW NEWPORT, GD HOLSON, RR AF BOWYER, JF GOUGH, B SLIKKER, W LIPE, GW NEWPORT, GD HOLSON, RR TI EFFECTS OF A COLD ENVIRONMENT OR AGE ON METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED DOPAMINE RELEASE IN THE CAUDATE PUTAMEN OF FEMALE RATS SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE METHAMPHETAMINE; MICRODIALYSIS; CAUDATE PUTAMEN; DOPAMINE; AMINO ACIDS; NEUROTOXICITY; AGING ID STRIATAL DOPAMINE; INTRACEREBRAL DIALYSIS; AMINO-ACIDS; BRAIN; AMPHETAMINE; MICRODIALYSIS; GLUTAMATE; NUCLEUS; ANTAGONISTS; METABOLISM AB Extracellular levels of dopamine (DA) and metabolites as well as serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined in the caudate putamen (CPU) of either 6- or 12-month-old female rats using microdialysis and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED) before, during, and after four consecutive injections (given at 2-h intervals) of methamphetamine (METH). In 6-month-old rats administered 4 x 5 mg/kg METH at an environmental temperature (ET) of 23-degrees-C, peak extracellular DA levels (between 50 and 150 pg/10 mul) were attained 30-45 min after each dose of METH while dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) decreased steadily after the first doses of METH until it reached a plateau at 50% of control (550-700 pg/10 mul) levels. Increases in 5-HT levels during METH administrations paralleled DA increases while 5-HIAA decreases paralleled DOPAC decreases. The total CPU DA and 5-HT content of these rats was about 65% of control at 3 days post-METH. Reducing the ET to 4-degrees-C during dosing decreased the peak and average DA levels attained during the 4 x 5 mg/kg METH administration to about 50% of that observed at a 23-degrees-C ET. Increasing the dose to 4 x 10 mg/kg METH (4-degrees-C ET) increased peak and average CPU DA levels to 200% that observed during 4 x 5 mg/kg METH at a 23-degrees-C ET. However, no significant decreases in total CPU DA content of any rats dosed with METH at a 4-degrees-C ET were observed 3 days post-METH. In 12-month-old rats dosed with 4 x 5 mg/kg METH (23-degrees-C ET), the peak and average extracellular DA levels were only 30-60% that of 6-month-old rats. However, the CPU DA content of older rats was significantly decreased both 3 (30% control) and 14 (60% control) days post-METH. In summary, METH toxicity may not be predicted solely by the extracellular levels of DA attained during METH administration; age and ET also greatly influence METH neurotoxicity. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP BOWYER, JF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIF NEUROTOXICOL,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 39 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1 BP 87 EP 98 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90284-Z PG 12 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KG426 UT WOS:A1993KG42600011 PM 8094252 ER PT J AU TAPIOVAARA, MJ WAGNER, RF AF TAPIOVAARA, MJ WAGNER, RF TI SNR AND NOISE MEASUREMENTS FOR MEDICAL IMAGING - IA PRACTICAL APPROACH BASED ON STATISTICAL DECISION-THEORY SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOTELLING TRACE CRITERION; VISUAL SIGNAL-DETECTION; DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY; OBSERVER PERFORMANCE; IDEAL-OBSERVER; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; OPTIMIZATION; EFFICIENCY; CONTRAST AB A method of measuring the image quality of medical imaging equipment is considered within the framework of statistical decision theory. In this approach, images are regarded as random vectors and image quality is defined in the context of the image information available for performing a specified detection or discrimination task. The approach provides a means of measuring image quality, as related to the detection of an image detail of interest, without reference to the actual physical mechanisms involved in image formation and without separate measurements of signal transfer characteristics or image noise. The measurement does not, however, consider deterministic errors in the image; they need a separate evaluation for imaging modalities where they am of concern. The detectability of an image detail can be expressed in terms of the ideal observer's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the decision level. Often a good approximation to this SNR can be obtained by employing sub-optimal observers, whose performance correlates well with the performance of human observers as well. In this paper the measurement Of SNR is based on implementing algorithmic realizations of specified observers and analysing their responses while actually performing a specified detection task of interest. Three observers are considered: the ideal prewhitening matched filter, the non-prewhitening matched filter, and the DC-suppressing non-prewhitening matched filter. The construction of the ideal observer requires an impractical amount of data and computing, except for the most simple imaging situations, Therefore, the utilization of sub-optimal observers is advised and their performance in detecting a specified signal is discussed. Measurement of noise and SNR has been extended to include temporally varying images and dynamic imaging systems. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP TAPIOVAARA, MJ (reprint author), FINNISH CTR RADIAT & NUCL SAFETY,POB 268,SF-00101 HELSINKI,FINLAND. NR 78 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0031-9155 J9 PHYS MED BIOL JI Phys. Med. Biol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 38 IS 1 BP 71 EP 92 DI 10.1088/0031-9155/38/1/006 PG 22 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KH176 UT WOS:A1993KH17600006 PM 8426870 ER PT J AU LUU, HMD WHITE, KD AF LUU, HMD WHITE, KD TI IN-VITRO DETECTION OF 2,4-TDA AND 2,6-TDA AS DEGRADATION PRODUCTS OF A POLYESTERURETHANE FOAM SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article ID COVERED BREAST IMPLANTS; POLYURETHANE; TOLUENEDIAMINES; PATIENT AB The polyesterurethane (PU) foam, also known as Scotfoam or Microthane foam, was found to produce 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diamine (TDA) in the aqueous extracts following approximately 3.5 months of incubation in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 37-degrees-C. PU foams were first exhaustively extracted in methylene chloride at 37-degrees-C and subsequently subjected to mild hydrolysis in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 37-degrees-C. The amount of 2,4- and 2,6-TD at 37-degrees-C at different time intervals were determined using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV photodiode array detector and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). Following exhaustive washing of the foam, measurement of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA showed total cumulative levels of 2.81 +/-0.85mug/g of 2,4-TDA and 2.0 +/- 0.47mug/g of 2,6-TDA in the foam buffer extracts over 3.5 months of incubation at 37-degrees-C. The linear kinetics obtained for TDA formation with time (R(2, 4) = 0.964 and R(2, 6) = 0.982) indicates hydrolysis of the PU foam, not contamination from manufacturing process or analytical procedure used. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SATEFY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONTAMINANT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LUU, HMD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,12200 WILKINS AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 1993 VL 42 IS 3 BP 245 EP 251 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA ME224 UT WOS:A1993ME22400003 ER PT J AU GOGOLEWSKI, S JOVANOVIC, M PERREN, SM DILLON, JG HUGHES, MK AF GOGOLEWSKI, S JOVANOVIC, M PERREN, SM DILLON, JG HUGHES, MK TI THE EFFECT OF MELT-PROCESSING ON THE DEGRADATION OF SELECTED POLYHYDROXYACIDS - POLYLACTIDES, POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE, AND POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-VALERATES SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article ID THERMAL-DEGRADATION; POLY(-(D)-BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID); MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; HYDROXYVALERATE; POLYMERS; POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-3-HYDROXYVALERATE); POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-CO-4-HYDROXYBUTYRATE); COPOLYESTERS AB A series of resorbable polyhydroxyacids were studied by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), viscosity measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for the effect of the injection moulding process on the molecular weight and thermal properties of the polymers. The polymers studied were polylactides (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHB/VA) (5-22% VA content). All polylactides underwent extensive degradation, in the range of 50-88%, and an increase in molecular weight distribution (MWD) following injection moulding at temperatures ranging from 130 to 215-degrees-C. In contrast to the polylactides, the decrease in molecular weight of the PHB and PHB/VA polymers after injection moulding at temperatures from 135 to 160-degrees-C was less dramatic, in the range of 4-53%. This was accompanied by a decrease of the MWD. No evidence for low molecular weight non-volatile degradation products was observed. Injection moulding led to a decrease in the melting temperature (T(m)) and the heat of melting (DELTAH(m)) of PLA. Conversely, the moulding process did not significantly affect the melting temperature and heat of melting of polyhydroxybutyrate/valerates. C1 US FDA,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP GOGOLEWSKI, S (reprint author), AO ASIF,RES INST,DEPT POLYMERS,CLAVADELERSTR,CH-7270 DAVOS,SWITZERLAND. NR 22 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 1993 VL 40 IS 3 BP 313 EP 322 DI 10.1016/0141-3910(93)90137-8 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA LD437 UT WOS:A1993LD43700004 ER PT J AU SAMUDZI, CT NGUYEN, NY RUBIN, JR AF SAMUDZI, CT NGUYEN, NY RUBIN, JR TI CRYSTALLIZATION AND PRELIMINARY-X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF DOGFISH C-REACTIVE PROTEIN SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND GENETICS LA English DT Article DE DOGFISH C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; VAPOR PHASE EQUILIBRATION; AMMONIUM SULFATE; SITTING DROP TECHNIQUE; HEXAMERS ID POLYSACCHARIDE AB Crystals of dogfish (Mustelus canis) C-reactive protein were obtained through vapor phase equilibration using the sitting drop rod technique with ammonium sulfate as the precipitating agent. The space group was determined to be P1 (triclinic lattice) with unit cell dimensions of a = 82.91, b = 92.25 and c = 103.40 angstrom; alpha = 83.36-degrees, beta = 89.76-degrees, and gamma = 81.30-degrees. These crystals diffract to about 2.6 angstrom resolution and contain two hexamers in the asymmetric unit. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SAMUDZI, CT (reprint author), NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,ABL,BASIC RES PROGRAM,POB B,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74101] NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD JAN PY 1993 VL 15 IS 1 BP 100 EP 102 DI 10.1002/prot.340150112 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA KC061 UT WOS:A1993KC06100011 PM 8451236 ER PT J AU WEIDEN, P SCHOOLER, NR SEVERE, JB LEE, JH SCHULZ, SC AF WEIDEN, P SCHOOLER, NR SEVERE, JB LEE, JH SCHULZ, SC TI STABILIZATION AND DEPOT NEUROLEPTIC DOSAGES SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; DEFINITIONS; RELAPSE AB Little is known about the stabilization phase of schizophrenia. To address this deficiency, we studied the prescribing patterns of fluphenazine decanoate (FZD) for a cohort of schizophrenic patients recovering from an acute psychotic episode who were being followed in the Treatment Strategies in Schizophrenia (TSS) multi-site maintenance study. Dosage data from the first 208 successfully-stabilized TSS subjects were examined. We hypothesized five groups on the basis of dosage prescribed and dosage stability over time: (1) STABLE HIGH, (2) STABLE INTERMEDIATE, (3) STABLE LOW, (4) UNSTABLE RAISING, and (5) UNSTABLE LOWERING. The dosage patterns were rated and analyzed against predictive and outcome variables. Most of the subjects (n = 168, or 82%) fit one of the five hypothesized dosage pattern groups. Our preliminary findings are as follows: (1) all groups improved during stabilization; (2) baseline symptom severity did not distinguish among dosage pattern groups; (3) STABLE dose groups needed less time to stabilize than did the UNSTABLE groups, but the STABLE groups did not have a better medication response; (4) many of the UNSTABLE LOWERING subjects apparently received a ''loading dose'' strategy (e.g., initial FZD dose greater-than-or-equal-to 25 mg), which was paradoxically associated with a longer stabilization time. C1 WESTERN PSYCHIAT INST & CLIN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NIMH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV HOSP CLEVELAND,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP WEIDEN, P (reprint author), ST LUKES ROOSEVELT HOSP,PSYCHIAT T8,428 W 59TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10012, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [UO1 MH40007, UO1 MH39992, UO1 MH39998] NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1993 VL 29 IS 2 BP 269 EP 275 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA MC720 UT WOS:A1993MC72000020 PM 8290676 ER PT J AU HYMAN, FN KLONTZ, KC TOLLEFSON, L AF HYMAN, FN KLONTZ, KC TOLLEFSON, L TI FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SURVEILLANCE OF THE ROLE OF FOREIGN OBJECTS IN FOODBORNE INJURIES SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TEAR AB As part of its effort to assure a safe food supply, the Food and Drug Administration maintains a passive surveillance system for the reporting and followup of complaints related to food items. This surveillance system, called the Complaint Reporting System, records and investigates consumer complaints about the quality of a specific food item, its packaging, or unexpected effects following consumption of the food. This study, relying on data gathered from the 2,726 reports of discovery of a foreign object in a food item during fiscal year 1989, develops a profile of consumer complaints, focusing on those associated with resultant injury or illness. Fourteen percent of all reported cases of foreign object exposure cited resultant illness or injury. The most common foreign object reported in food is glass, and the most common injury is a laceration or abrasion of soft tissues of the perioral area, including the throat. There was a disproportionate representation of children younger than age 3 years with documented illness or injury. Only 3 percent of the complaints came from attending health professionals; 82 percent were self-reported. Practitioner awareness of the system is limited primarily because literature in this area is scant. The collection and investigation of reports of foreign objects in food are important because such reports provide early warnings of potential problems with manufacturers' food items. Although data suggest that severe injury from foreign object ingestion is rare, continued monitoring is warranted. Health professionals are encouraged to report such injuries through the existing system. RP HYMAN, FN (reprint author), US PHS,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF NUTR & FOOD SCI,CLIN NUTR ASSESSMENT SECT,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 108 IS 1 BP 54 EP 59 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KL046 UT WOS:A1993KL04600008 PM 8434098 ER PT J AU SHARKNESS, CM HAMBURGER, S MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG AF SHARKNESS, CM HAMBURGER, S MOORE, RM KACZMAREK, RG TI PREVALENCE OF ARTIFICIAL HIP IMPLANTS AND USE OF HEALTH-SERVICES BY RECIPIENTS SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPLANTATION; ARTHROPLASTY; ORTHOPEDICS; IMPACT AB Data from the 1988 Medical Device Implant Supplement to the National Health Interview Survey are used to summarize information about the prevalence of artificial hips among adults in the United States. The 1988 National Health Interview Survey was a cross-sectional survey of the civilian noninstitutionalized United States population, and included 122,310 persons in 47,485 households in a multistage probability sample. The supplement supplied the first population-based estimates of prevalence and morbidity of selected medical devices. Projected to the United States population, the survey results indicate that an estimated 674,000 adults were using 811,000 hip implants. Hip implant recipients were significantly more likely to be older, to be white, and to have lower educational income, and activity levels than the general population of adults. After age-stratification, however, only differences in activity limitation and race remained. Current economic outlays for hip replacement surgery are substantial. With the aging population, use of health services by patients with artificial hips will probably increase unless measures to reduce the need for replacement surgery are instituted. These measures include reducing injuries and improving biomaterials. Further investigation is needed to examine the activity limitation and racial difference in prevalence found in this study. C1 US PHS,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV BIOMETR SCI,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20851. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 108 IS 1 BP 70 EP 75 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA KL046 UT WOS:A1993KL04600011 PM 8434101 ER PT J AU SULEIMAN, OH RUETER, FG ANTONSEN, RG CONWAY, BJ SLAYTON, RJ AF SULEIMAN, OH RUETER, FG ANTONSEN, RG CONWAY, BJ SLAYTON, RJ TI THE SENSITOMETRIC TECHNIQUE FOR THE EVALUATION OF PROCESSING (STEP) SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON TEST PHANTOMS AND OPTIMISATION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE CY JUN 15-17, 1992 CL WURZBURG, GERMANY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT ACT, GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT, INT COMMISS RADIAT UNITS & MEASUREMENTS, EUROPEAN FEDERAT ORG MED PHYS AB Processing speed has been monitored using a survey method known as the Sensitometric Technique for the Evaluation of Processing (STEP). This test method has been used to evaluate over 2000 automatic film processors since 1981. RP SULEIMAN, OH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 49 IS 1-3 BP 105 EP 106 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MG239 UT WOS:A1993MG23900023 ER PT J AU SULEIMAN, OH ANTONSEN, R CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL RUETER, FG SLAYTON, R AF SULEIMAN, OH ANTONSEN, R CONWAY, BJ MCCROHAN, JL RUETER, FG SLAYTON, R TI ASSESSING PATIENT EXPOSURE IN FLUOROSCOPY SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON TEST PHANTOMS AND OPTIMISATION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE CY JUN 15-17, 1992 CL WURZBURG, GERMANY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT ACT, GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT, INT COMMISS RADIAT UNITS & MEASUREMENTS, EUROPEAN FEDERAT ORG MED PHYS AB In the United States, the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD), the umbrella organisation for state and local radiation control agencies, along with the federal government's Food and Drug Administration, conducts the Nationwide Evaluation of X ray Trends (NEXT) survey programme. The examination selected for the 1991 survey was the upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy examination. The phantom developed for the 1991 survey approximates the abdominal region of a standard reference patient, is derived from a clinically validated phantom, and incorporates image quality test objects. The protocol enables the surveyor to measure fluoroscopic entrance air kerma rates (EKR) along with air kerma associated with radiographic techniques (photospot or spot film). Air kerma measurements are also made simulating barium. The assessment of patient dose from fluoroscopy and how it relates to the 1991 NEXT survey is presented. RP SULEIMAN, OH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH HFZ-240,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 49 IS 1-3 BP 141 EP 143 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MG239 UT WOS:A1993MG23900033 ER PT J AU PARAS, P AF PARAS, P TI OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND QUALITY-CONTROL OF ANGER TYPE GAMMA CAMERAS INCLUDING SPECT SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON TEST PHANTOMS AND OPTIMISATION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE CY JUN 15-17, 1992 CL WURZBURG, GERMANY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT ACT, GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT, INT COMMISS RADIAT UNITS & MEASUREMENTS, EUROPEAN FEDERAT ORG MED PHYS AB The goal of all nuclear medicine departments is to maintain a high level of diagnostic accuracy in producing and interpreting nuclear medicine studies. This goal can be achieved in part by ensuring the standardisation of the techniques employed, and by optimising and maintaining the performance of the devices being used. Acceptance or reference testing and routine monitoring, evaluation and maintenance, and quality control are necessary to achieve the advantages of SPECT imaging. To this end recommendations for users have been published by Radiological Health Authorities in different countries and by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) for planar imaging reference testing and quality control. For SPECT systems several papers have been published but no formal recommendations have been proposed. In addition, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) have published standards for manufacturers and the AAPM has published a comprehensive acceptance testing report. The American College of Nuclear Physicians (ACNP) is now attempting to standardise the measurement of performance of rotational SPECT systems in the field. They will propose Operational Guides for users and recommendations for quality control. RP PARAS, P (reprint author), US FDA,CDRH,1390 PICCARD DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 49 IS 1-3 BP 311 EP 316 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MG239 UT WOS:A1993MG23900075 ER PT J AU JENNINGS, RJ AF JENNINGS, RJ TI COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR THE DESIGN OF TEST OBJECTS AND TISSUE SUBSTITUTES FOR RADIOLOGIC APPLICATIONS SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON TEST PHANTOMS AND OPTIMISATION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE CY JUN 15-17, 1992 CL WURZBURG, GERMANY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, RADIAT PROTECT ACT, GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UMWELT & GESUNDHEIT, INT COMMISS RADIAT UNITS & MEASUREMENTS, EUROPEAN FEDERAT ORG MED PHYS AB A theoretical framework has been developed for the design of tissue substitutes for use with diagnostic X rays. The theory divides naturally into a three-level hierarchy in which the number of properties of a reference material that can be matched by a substitute material increases with the number of components used in the substitute material. For a single component, the thickness can be chosen so as to match transmitted spectral shape or overall attenuation of the reference material, but not both. Two components can be combined to match both the spectral shape and overall attenuation, but not the thickness of a reference object. Use of three components permits matching of the spectral shape, overall attenuation, and thickness of the reference object, i.e. the linear attenuation coefficient of the substitute material matches that of the reference material. Examples are presented, and the theory is compared with other, similar methods. RP JENNINGS, RJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH HFZ-142,12720 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 49 IS 1-3 BP 327 EP 332 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MG239 UT WOS:A1993MG23900079 ER PT J AU CHIACCHIARINI, RP AF CHIACCHIARINI, RP TI PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN-STATISTICAL-ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND HEALTH - RADIATION RISK AND INTERACTIONS - HILTON-HEAD-ISLAND, SOUTH-CAROLINA, JUNE 28 JULY 1, 1992 - CLOSING COMMENTS SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material RP CHIACCHIARINI, RP (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 2021 SPRING RD, STE 600, OAK BROOK, IL 60521 SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 133 IS 1 BP 140 EP 140 PG 1 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KK623 UT WOS:A1993KK62300018 ER PT B AU BARILE, MF ROTTEM, S AF BARILE, MF ROTTEM, S BE Kahane, I Adoni, A TI MYCOPLASMAS IN CELL-CULTURE SO RAPID DIAGNOSIS OF MYCOPLASMAS SE FEMS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT FEMS Workshop on Rapid Diagnosis of Mycoplasmas CY AUG 11-23, 1991 CL JERUSALEM, ISRAEL SP FEDERAT EUROPEAN MICROBIOL SOC C1 US FDA,OFF BIOL RES,MYCOPLASMA LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-44621-9 J9 FEMS SYMP PY 1993 IS 62 BP 155 EP 193 PG 39 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA BZ71Z UT WOS:A1993BZ71Z00012 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, JC PEACOCK, MG RACE, RE AF WILLIAMS, JC PEACOCK, MG RACE, RE BE Robinet, AH TI IMMUNIZATION OF DOGS WITH Q-FEVER VACCINES - COMPARISON OF PHASE-I, PHASE-II AND PHASE-I CMR COXIELLA-BURNETII VACCINES SO REVUE D ELEVAGE ET DE MEDECINE VETERINAIRE DES PAYS TROPICAUX, TOME 46 (NOUVELLE SER), NO. 1-2, 1993 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Biennial Meeting of the Society-for-Tropical-Veterinary-Medicine CY FEB 02-06, 1993 CL ST FRANCOIS, GUADELOUPE SP SOC TROP VET MED DE DOG; COXIELLA-BURNETII; Q-FEVER; VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES; CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINE RES & REVIEW,DIV VACCINES & RELATED PROD APPLICAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXPANSION SCIENTIF FRANCAISE PI PARIS PA 15 RUE ST-BENOIT, F-75278 PARIS, FRANCE PY 1993 BP 87 EP 94 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA BZ92P UT WOS:A1993BZ92P00013 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI AF MILLER, HI TI GENES ON THE MENU SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Letter RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI AMERICAN INC PI NEW YORK PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0036-8733 J9 SCI AM JI Sci.Am. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 268 IS 1 BP 12 EP 12 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KE085 UT WOS:A1993KE08500006 ER PT J AU FRICKE, WA LAMB, MA AF FRICKE, WA LAMB, MA TI VIRAL SAFETY OF CLOTTING FACTOR CONCENTRATES SO SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-VIII CONCENTRATE; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; NON-B HEPATITIS; FACTOR-IX CONCENTRATE; HTLV-III; NON-A; PARVOVIRUS INFECTION; HIV TRANSMISSION; AMERICAN ORIGIN; 1ST EXPOSURE RP FRICKE, WA (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,HFB 440,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 61 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 381 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0094-6176 J9 SEMIN THROMB HEMOST JI Semin. Thromb. Hemost. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 DI 10.1055/s-2007-994006 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KL752 UT WOS:A1993KL75200007 PM 8456324 ER PT J AU FRICKE, WA LAMB, MA AF FRICKE, WA LAMB, MA TI CLOTTING FACTOR CONCENTRATES IN CLINICAL-PRACTICE - PREFACE SO SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS LA English DT Editorial Material RP FRICKE, WA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 381 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0094-6176 J9 SEMIN THROMB HEMOST JI Semin. Thromb. Hemost. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP U1 EP U1 PG 1 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KL752 UT WOS:A1993KL75200001 ER PT B AU KATZPER, M AF KATZPER, M BE Anderson, JG Katzper, M TI DYNAMIC STUDIES OF PHARMACOMETRIC RELATIONSHIPS SO SIMULATION IN HEALTH SCIENCES AND SERVICES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 SCS Western Simulation Multiconference on Simulation in the Health Sciences and Services CY JAN 17-20, 1993 CL LA JOLLA, CA SP SOC COMP SIMULAT C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION INT PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 BN 1-56555-021-8 PY 1993 BP 65 EP 65 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Policy & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA BA06B UT WOS:A1993BA06B00011 ER PT B AU HARTER, JG KATZPER, M AF HARTER, JG KATZPER, M BE Anderson, JG Katzper, M TI THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS OF EFFECTOR RESPONSE ALTERNATIVES SO SIMULATION IN HEALTH SCIENCES AND SERVICES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 SCS Western Simulation Multiconference on Simulation in the Health Sciences and Services CY JAN 17-20, 1993 CL LA JOLLA, CA SP SOC COMP SIMULAT C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION INT PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 BN 1-56555-021-8 PY 1993 BP 66 EP 70 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Policy & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA BA06B UT WOS:A1993BA06B00012 ER PT B AU MARTINEZ, MN KATZPER, M AF MARTINEZ, MN KATZPER, M BE Anderson, JG Katzper, M TI A SIMULATION STUDY TO EXAMINE CURRENT VETERINARY GENERIC DRUG APPROVAL CRITERIA TO ASSURE HUMAN FOOD SAFETY SO SIMULATION IN HEALTH SCIENCES AND SERVICES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 SCS Western Simulation Multiconference on Simulation in the Health Sciences and Services CY JAN 17-20, 1993 CL LA JOLLA, CA SP SOC COMP SIMULAT C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION INT PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 BN 1-56555-021-8 PY 1993 BP 79 EP 83 PG 5 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Policy & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA BA06B UT WOS:A1993BA06B00014 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H AF SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H TI PRINCIPLES AND CRITERIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF TOPICAL THERAPEUTIC PRODUCTS SO SKIN PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE TOPICAL DERMATOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; DEVELOPMENT OF DERMATOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; DERMATOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; TRANSDERMAL PRODUCTS; BIOEQUIVALENCE; QUALITY CONTROL AB The report differentiates between dermatological and transdermal products, identifies and discusses the principles involved in the development and optimization of topical drug products. The regulatory concerns in the evaluation of topical dermatological products with respect to bioequivalence and quality control are also discussed. C1 HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,PHARMACEUT RES & DEV,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. CIRD GALDERMA,VALBONNE,FRANCE. UNIV UTAH,COLL PHARM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. UNIV MICHIGAN,COLL PHARM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1011-0283 J9 SKIN PHARMACOL JI Skin Pharmacol. PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 72 EP 80 PG 9 WC Dermatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Dermatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KZ833 UT WOS:A1993KZ83300012 PM 8489779 ER PT J AU VARNER, SL AF VARNER, SL GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS TI RECYCLED CONTENT IN PLASTIC FOOD-PACKAGING - SAFETY ISSUES SO SURVIVAL TACTICS THRU THE '90'S: SOCIETY OF PLASTICS ENGINEERINGS RECYCLING CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Recycling Conference on Survival Tactics thru the 90s CY JUN 14-16, 1993 CL SCHAUMBURG, IL SP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS, CHICAGO SECT, SOC PLAST ENGINEERS, RECYCLING DIV, STATE ILLINOIS, DEPT ENERGY & NAT RESOURCES C1 US FDA,INDIRECT ADDIT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 PY 1993 BP 143 EP 151 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA BA50G UT WOS:A1993BA50G00015 ER PT J AU LI, W SOTIRIOULEVENTIS, C SAHA, M FU, PP GIESE, RW AF LI, W SOTIRIOULEVENTIS, C SAHA, M FU, PP GIESE, RW TI SUPEROXIDE OXIDATION OF HYDROXY-POLYAROMATICS AND KETO-POLYAROMATICS INCLUDING INTERNAL QUINONES SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DIOL ENANTIOMERS; MONO-OL; BENZANTHRACENE AB Aromatic 1,2-dicarboxylic acids can be obtained by KO2 oxidation of polyaromatics comprising analogs of 1-naphthol, sterically hindered alcohols and ketones, and, perhaps most interestingly, quinones fused on both sides to aromatic rings. A mechanism is presented to rationalize the formation of phthalic acid as the only major product from 5,12-naphthacenequinone. C1 NORTHEASTERN UNIV,COLL PHARM & ALLIED HLTH PROFESS,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,BOSTON,MA 02115. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BARNETT INST CHEM ANAL & MAT SCI,BOSTON,MA 02115. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0039-7911 J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN JI Synth. Commun. PY 1993 VL 23 IS 1 BP 97 EP 105 DI 10.1080/00397919308020407 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA KJ919 UT WOS:A1993KJ91900014 ER PT B AU DICKEY, RW GRANADE, HR BENCSATH, FA AF DICKEY, RW GRANADE, HR BENCSATH, FA BE Smayda, TJ Shimizu, Y TI IMPROVED ANALYTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR THE DERIVATIZATION AND HPLC-FLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF OKADAIC ACID IN PHYTOPLANKTON AND SHELLFISH SO TOXIC PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS IN THE SEA SE DEVELOPMENTS IN MARINE BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON TOXIC MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 1991 CL UNIV RHODE ISLAND, GRAD SCH OCEANOG, NEWPORT, RI SP UNESCO, INTERGOVT OCEANOG COMMISS, SCI COMM OCEANIC RES, US EPA, OFF WETLANDS OCEAN & WATERSHEDS, US EPA, GLOBAL CHANGE RES PROGRAM, US EPA, ENVIRONM RES LAB NARRAGANSETT, NOAA, COASTAL OCEAN PROGRAM, NOAA, NATL SEA GRANT COLL PROGRAM, RHODE ISLAND SEA GRANT COLL PROGRAM, UN ENVIRONM PROGRAMME, US FDA HO UNIV RHODE ISLAND, GRAD SCH OCEANOG RP DICKEY, RW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SEAFOOD RES,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 0 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA AMSTERDAM BN 0-444-89719-4 J9 DEV MAR BIO PY 1993 VL 3 BP 495 EP 499 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography; Toxicology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography; Toxicology GA BY50D UT WOS:A1993BY50D00079 ER PT J AU PARCHMENT, RE HUANG, M ERICKSONMILLER, CL AF PARCHMENT, RE HUANG, M ERICKSONMILLER, CL TI ROLES FOR IN-VITRO MYELOTOXICITY TESTS IN PRECLINICAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND CLINICAL-TRIAL PLANNING SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CFU-GM; CYTOPENIA; HUMAN; CANINE; CHEMOTHERAPY; PHARMACODYNAMICS; HEMATOPOIESIS; THERAPEUTIC INDEX AB Myelosuppression is the dose-limiting side effect for most anti-cancer and many anti-human immunodeficiency virus agents, which can be quantitated with optimized colony-forming assays (granulocyte-macrophage, late erythroid, and megakaryocytic [for murine only] colony-forming units and early erythroid burst-forming units (BFUs)). When applied to new drug development, the assays are used for therapeutic index-based screening (e.g., less myelosuppressive analogues, structure-toxicity studies, new drug leads), interpreting efficacy data from xenotransplant models, and selecting the most accurate animal model for human hematopoietic toxicity. However, other types of assays may be required to identify the mechanism underlying myelosuppression. In clinical trial planning, in vitro colony-forming assays can be used to elucidate schedule dependency of myelotoxicity (which in turn provides clues about mechanism of action), to plan cytokine support, and to estimate dose-escalation effects. The inhibition of colony formation can be measured relative to a compound with known clinical myelotoxicity and schedule dependency to provide some idea of the toxicity expected at particular doses, and the degree of heterogeneity between individuals, during clinical trials. The predictive accuracy of the in vitro data has been proven by validation studies with alkylating agents. RP PARCHMENT, RE (reprint author), FDA,MOD,ROOM 2023,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CM-07361, CM-87259] NR 0 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PY 1993 VL 21 IS 2 BP 241 EP 250 PG 10 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA LR953 UT WOS:A1993LR95300016 PM 8210945 ER PT J AU COLLIER, SW STORM, JE BRONAUGH, RL AF COLLIER, SW STORM, JE BRONAUGH, RL TI REDUCTION OF AZO DYES DURING INVITRO PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FD-AND-C; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; METABOLISM; SKIN; LIVER; CARCINOGENESIS; AZOREDUCTASE; PENETRATION; BENZIDINE; COLORS RP COLLIER, SW (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 32 TC 63 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 118 IS 1 BP 73 EP 79 DI 10.1006/taap.1993.1011 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KG763 UT WOS:A1993KG76300011 PM 8430426 ER PT J AU TESKE, RH AF TESKE, RH TI MICROBIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD - WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP TESKE, RH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB KANSAS STATE UNIV PI MANHATTAN PA MANHATTAN, KS 66506 SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PY 1993 VL 35 SU 1 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA LV508 UT WOS:A1993LV50800001 PM 8236749 ER PT J AU MILLER, MA FERNANDEZ, H AF MILLER, MA FERNANDEZ, H TI MICROBIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DRUG RESIDUES IN FOOD - SYMPOSIUM OBJECTIVES SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP MILLER, MA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB KANSAS STATE UNIV PI MANHATTAN PA MANHATTAN, KS 66506 SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PY 1993 VL 35 SU 1 BP 10 EP 11 PG 2 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA LV508 UT WOS:A1993LV50800004 PM 8236751 ER PT J AU MILLER, MA GUSTAFSON, RH KIDD, ARM WILKINS, TD GORBACH, SL SCHLAES, D LEVY, S AF MILLER, MA GUSTAFSON, RH KIDD, ARM WILKINS, TD GORBACH, SL SCHLAES, D LEVY, S TI IS MICROBIAL TESTING NECESSARY FOR NEW ANIMAL DRUG APPROVAL - DOES A THRESHOLD OF REGULATION EXIST - PANEL DISCUSSION-I SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Discussion C1 AMER CYANAMID CO,DIV AGR RES,WAYNE,NJ 07470. TECH LAB INC,BLACKSBURG,VA 24060. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT ANAEROB MICROBIOL,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02111. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,CLEVELAND,OH. RP MILLER, MA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB KANSAS STATE UNIV PI MANHATTAN PA MANHATTAN, KS 66506 SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PY 1993 VL 35 SU 1 BP 28 EP 30 PG 3 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA LV508 UT WOS:A1993LV50800008 ER PT J AU ORIANI, JA AF ORIANI, JA TI RESIDUE DEPLETION OF MORANTEL TARTRATE IN GOAT TISSUE AND MILK SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6TH WORKSHOP FOR MINOR USE ANIMAL DRUGS : FOCUS ON SMALL RUMINANTS CY OCT 22-23, 1992 CL BETHESDA, MD SP US DEPT HHS, CTR VET MED, US DEPT HHS, FOOD & DRUG ADM, USDA, INTERREG PROJECT ANIMAL DRUG PROGRAM RP ORIANI, JA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB KANSAS STATE UNIV PI MANHATTAN PA MANHATTAN, KS 66506 SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PY 1993 VL 35 SU 2 BP 62 EP 63 PG 2 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA LW081 UT WOS:A1993LW08100015 PM 8236770 ER PT J AU SUNDLOF, SF EVANS, R KIMBERLING, C SHORT, C TERRY, M TESKE, R AF SUNDLOF, SF EVANS, R KIMBERLING, C SHORT, C TERRY, M TESKE, R TI CURRENT ISSUES AFFECTING DRUG APPROVAL IN SMALL RUMINANTS SO VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Discussion C1 UPJOHN CO,KALAMAZOO,MI 49001. COLORADO STATE UNIV,AMER ASSOC SMALL RUMINANT PRACTITIONERS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. US FDA,CTR VET MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SUNDLOF, SF (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY LAB KANSAS STATE UNIV PI MANHATTAN PA MANHATTAN, KS 66506 SN 0145-6296 J9 VET HUM TOXICOL JI Vet. Human Toxicol. PY 1993 VL 35 SU 2 BP 64 EP 72 PG 9 WC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences SC Toxicology; Veterinary Sciences GA LW081 UT WOS:A1993LW08100016 ER PT S AU FINLAYSON, JS AF FINLAYSON, JS BE Brown, F TI REGULATION OF PLASMA DERIVATIVES IN THE USA SO VIROLOGICAL SAFETY ASPECTS OF PLASMA DERIVATIVES SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Virological Safety Aspects of Plasma Derivatives CY NOV 03-06, 1992 CL CANNES, FRANCE SP INT ASSOC BIOL STAND, WHO, COUNCIL EUROPE, EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA, INT SOC BLOOD TRANSFUS, US FDA, DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV DE HEPATITIS-C; IMMUNE GLOBULINS; PLASMA DERIVATIVES; REGULATION RP FINLAYSON, JS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-5149 BN 3-8055-5879-1 J9 DEV BIOL STAND JI Dev.Biol.Stand. PY 1993 VL 81 BP 277 EP 281 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA BZ72N UT WOS:A1993BZ72N00039 PM 8174815 ER PT J AU REESINK, HW HANFLAND, P HERTFELDER, HJ SCHARF, RE HOGMAN, CF HOPPE, PA MOROFF, G FRIEDMAN, LI MASSE, M WALSH, TJ ALA, FA PIETERSZ, RNI AF REESINK, HW HANFLAND, P HERTFELDER, HJ SCHARF, RE HOGMAN, CF HOPPE, PA MOROFF, G FRIEDMAN, LI MASSE, M WALSH, TJ ALA, FA PIETERSZ, RNI TI WHAT IS THE OPTIMAL STORAGE-TEMPERATURE FOR WHOLE-BLOOD PRIOR TO PREPARATION OF BLOOD COMPONENTS SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID RED-CELLS; INVIVO; SYSTEM; PLASMA C1 UNIV BONN,INST EXPTL HAMATOL & TRANSFUS MED,D-53127 BONN,GERMANY. UNIV HOSP UPPSALA,DEPT CLIN IMMUNOL & TRANSFUS MED,S-75185 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. AMER RED CROSS,HOLLAND LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. CRTS BESANCON,F-25020 BESANCON,FRANCE. BLOOD TRANSFUS SERV BOARD,DUBLIN 4,IRELAND. RBTC W MIDLANDS,BTS,BIRMINGHAM B15 2SG,ENGLAND. RP REESINK, HW (reprint author), RED CROSS BLOOD BANK,POB 9137,1006 AC AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1993 VL 65 IS 4 BP 320 EP 327 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MJ657 UT WOS:A1993MJ65700012 PM 8310685 ER PT J AU BURNS, DL KESSEL, M ARCINIEGA, JL KARPAS, A GOULDKOSTKA, J AF BURNS, DL KESSEL, M ARCINIEGA, JL KARPAS, A GOULDKOSTKA, J TI IMMUNOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF A REGION OF CHAPERONIN-60 IMPORTANT FOR PRODUCTIVE INTERACTION WITH CHAPERONIN-10 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID RIBULOSE BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROTEIN; GROE; PURIFICATION; ATP AB An IgG, monoclonal antibody (mAb 54G8) which binds to both Bordetella pertussis chaperonin-60 (cpn60) and Escherichia coli cpn60 (GroEL) was produced. mAb 54G8 as well as Fab fragments prepared from this antibody were found to abolish the ability of chaperonin-10 (cpn10, GroES) to inhibit the ATPase activity of both B. pertussis cpn60 and E. coli cpn60. Electron microscopy was used to localize the binding site of the monoclonal antibody on the B. pertussis cpn60 molecule. In the absence of the antibody, the B. pertussis molecule exhibited the tetradecameric structure typical of cpn60. Both end views (showing 7-fold symmetry of the face of the molecule) and side views were evident. When mAb 54G8 was bound, B. pertussis cpn60 molecules appeared to be cross-linked so that they formed long chains. Only side views of the molecules were seen in these long chains. When B. pertussis cpn60 complexed with Fab fragments of mAb 54G8 was examined, chains were no longer observed. Instead, side views of B. pertussis cpn60 were often seen with Fab fragments extending from the ends of the molecule. These data indicate that mAb 54G8 appears to bind at or near the end of the B. pertussis cpn60 molecule and that binding of mAb 54G8 at this location affects the ability of cpn10 to productively interact with cpn60, most likely either by sterically blocking the binding of cpn10, by affecting the conformation of cpn60 in such a way that it no longer binds cpn10, or by inhibiting proper transduction of the effects of cpn10 binding. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MICROBIOL,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP BURNS, DL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,CBER,BLDG 29,RM 418,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 25 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 36 BP 25632 EP 25635 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA KD073 UT WOS:A1992KD07300004 PM 1361184 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW ANTIARRHYTHMIC APPROVED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Note RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,FDA PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 23 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 24 BP 3418 EP 3418 DI 10.1001/jama.268.24.3418 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KC839 UT WOS:A1992KC83900008 PM 1460725 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI CONTRACEPTIVE INJECTION APPROVED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Note RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,FDA PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 23 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 24 BP 3418 EP 3418 DI 10.1001/jama.268.24.3418 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KC839 UT WOS:A1992KC83900007 PM 1460725 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PRESCRIPTION DRUG-USER FEE STATUTE ENACTED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Note RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,FDA PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 23 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 24 BP 3418 EP 3418 DI 10.1001/jama.268.24.3418 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KC839 UT WOS:A1992KC83900006 PM 1460725 ER PT J AU SHARKNESS, CM HAMBURGER, S KACZMAREK, RG HAMILTON, PM BRIGHT, RA MOORE, RM AF SHARKNESS, CM HAMBURGER, S KACZMAREK, RG HAMILTON, PM BRIGHT, RA MOORE, RM TI RACIAL-DIFFERENCES IN THE PREVALENCE OF INTRAOCULAR-LENS IMPLANTS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VISUAL IMPAIRMENT; CATARACT-SURGERY; BLINDNESS; BALTIMORE; EYE AB We generated population-based estimates of the prevalence of intraocular lens implants by using the 1988 Medical Device Implant Supplement to the National Health Interview Survey. This national survey of a probability sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized United States population comprised 47,485 households and 122,310 persons. To produce national projections, we used survey respondent-reported data based on 1,941 reported intraocular lenses in 1,337 persons. Projected to the United States population, an estimated 2.6 million people had a total of 3.8 million lens implants. The predominant reason for the implant was cataract. The intraocular lens replacement rate was 0.9%. The use of intraocular lens implants was statistically significantly different from the general population in persons with the following socioeconomic characteristics: age (65 years or older), race (white), gender (female), annual family income (less than $20,000, although more commonly at or above the poverty threshold), and education (less than high school). The prevalence rates per 1,000 persons according to age were as follows: 0.3 for persons 44 years old or younger, 9.9 for persons 45 to 64 years old, 33.3 for persons aged 65 to 69 years, 63.5 for persons aged 70 to 74 years, and 113.5 for persons 75 years old or older. Additionally, prevalence rates according to socioeconomic factors were as follows: 12.1 for whites and 3.3 for nonwhites, 12.9 for females and 8.4 for males, 18.2 for persons with a family income less than $20,000 and 6.7 for persons with a family income of $20,000 or more, 10.5 for persons above the poverty threshold and 8.0 for persons below the poverty threshold, and 13.2 for persons with less than 12 years of education and 10.7 for persons with at least 12 years of education. The racial difference remained after controlling for the effects of age. The underuse of intraocular lenses among nonwhites warrants further investigation, given the improvement in vision that results from cataract extraction with implantation of an intraocular lens. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LN,HFZ-161,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. OFF INT HLTH,OFF ASSISTANT SECRETARY HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD. RI Bright, Roselie/D-2240-2016 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPHTHALMIC PUBL CO PI CHICAGO PA 77 WEST WACKER DR, STE 660, CHICAGO, IL 60601 SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD DEC 15 PY 1992 VL 114 IS 6 BP 667 EP 678 PG 12 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA KB605 UT WOS:A1992KB60500001 PM 1463035 ER PT J AU KANTOR, J IRVINE, K ABRAMS, S SNOY, P OLSEN, R GREINER, J KAUFMAN, H EGGENSPERGER, D SCHLOM, J AF KANTOR, J IRVINE, K ABRAMS, S SNOY, P OLSEN, R GREINER, J KAUFMAN, H EGGENSPERGER, D SCHLOM, J TI IMMUNOGENICITY AND SAFETY OF A RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUS-VACCINE EXPRESSING THE CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN GENE IN A NONHUMAN PRIMATE SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE-SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY; COLORECTAL-CANCER; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; TUMOR-CELLS; CEA; MELANOMA; CARCINOMA; ADJUVANT; ANTIBODIES; PRODUCT AB We have previously reported the development of a recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine expressing the human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene, designated rV(NYC)-CEA. This construct has been shown to elicit specific anti-CEA immune responses and an antitumor effect in a murine tumor model. In the studies reported here, the safety and immunogenicity of this recombinant vaccinia virus were evaluated in a rhesus monkey model. Human CEA is a M(r) 180,000 glycoprotein expressed in approximately 90% of gastrointestinal carcinomas and in some breast and non-small cell lung carcinomas. This family also includes normal cross-reacting antigen (NCA). Rhesus monkeys, like humans, have some NCA on the surface of their granulocytes. Eight monkeys were immunized 3 or 4 times by skin scarification with the recombinant CEA vaccine and four monkeys received wild-type vaccinia virus as control. After three vaccinations, all rV(NYC)-CEA-vaccinated animals exhibited a strong anti-CEA antibody response as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The functional ability of these antibodies to mediate lysis of a CEA-bearing tumor cell was demonstrated using human effector cells. This response could be enhanced by interleukin 2. Cellular immunity to CEA was measured by delayed-type hypersensitivity upon intradermal challenge with purified CEA. Only those animals receiving the recombinant vaccine displayed significant anti-CEA responses. Furthermore, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from immunized monkeys were found to proliferate in response to CEA stimulation. All vaccinated monkeys developed local skin irritation at the site of the vaccination, regional lymphadenopathy, and low-grade fevers after immunization. Following immunization with rV(NYC)-CEA, the response was consistent with the usual constitutional symptoms seen with human smallpox virus immunization. Blood counts, differentials, and hepatic and renal chemistries remained normal in all animals throughout the study and for up to 1 year following the primary vaccination. No evidence of immunological cross-reactivity to NCA was found by either a fall in the granulocyte count or analyses for anti-NCA antibodies. Thus, the rV(NYC)-CEA vaccine appears to be safe in rhesus monkeys. The administration of a CEA recombinant vaccine to rhesus monkeys induces both a humoral and a cell-mediated immune response directed against human CEA. C1 NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BLDG 10,ROOM 8B07,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BUR BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 35 TC 87 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD DEC 15 PY 1992 VL 52 IS 24 BP 6917 EP 6925 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KB979 UT WOS:A1992KB97900029 PM 1458480 ER PT J AU VANSEVENTER, GA BONVINI, E YAMADA, H CONTI, A STRINGFELLOW, S JUNE, CH SHAW, S AF VANSEVENTER, GA BONVINI, E YAMADA, H CONTI, A STRINGFELLOW, S JUNE, CH SHAW, S TI COSTIMULATION OF T-CELL RECEPTOR CD3-MEDIATED ACTIVATION OF RESTING HUMAN CD4+ T-CELLS BY LEUKOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1 LIGAND INTERCELLULAR CELL-ADHESION MOLECULE-1 INVOLVES PROLONGED INOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPID HYDROLYSIS AND SUSTAINED INCREASE OF INTRACELLULAR CA2+ LEVELS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MEDIATED ACTIVATION; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN; GROWTH-FACTOR; BETA-SUBUNIT; B-CELLS; ICAM-1; LFA-1 AB Activation of resting human CD4+ T cells mediated by mAb ligation of the TCR/CD3 complex requires costimulatory signals to result in proliferation; these can be provided by intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) a natural ligand of leukocyte function-associated Ag-1 (LFA-1, CD11a/CD18). We analyzed early signaling events involved in T cell activation to determine the contribution by the LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction. We studied in detail the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate and intracellular levels of free Ca2+ during stimulation with beads coated with the CD3 mAb OKT3 alone or in combination with purified ICAM-1 protein. Our investigations show no response to LFA-1/ICAM-1 alone, but that costimulation by LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction induces prolonged inositol phospholipid hydrolysis (up to 4 h), resulting in generation of both inositol(1,4,5)phosphate3 and inositol(1,3,4,5)phosphate4 and their derivatives. Based on studies with cycloheximide, this costimulatory effect of prolonged inositol phospholipid hydrolysis appears dependent in part on de novo protein synthesis. A sustained increase in intracellular levels of free Ca2+ level is also observed after LFA-1/ICAM-1 costimulation, which is at least partly dependent on extracellular sources of Ca2+. Kinetic studies indicate that costimulation requires a minimal period of 4 h of LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction to provide maximal costimulation for OKT3-mediated T cell proliferation. Thus, the necessary costimulation required for OKT3-mediated proliferation in this model system may be provided by an extended LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction that in combination with OKT3 mAb leads to signal-transducing events, resulting in prolonged phospholipase C activation and phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate hydrolysis, and a sustained increase in intracellular levels of free Ca2+. C1 NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20814. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,CELLULAR & MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 53 TC 114 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 15 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 12 BP 3872 EP 3880 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KB982 UT WOS:A1992KB98200014 PM 1360995 ER PT J AU WILSON, KC FINBLOOM, DS AF WILSON, KC FINBLOOM, DS TI INTERFERON-GAMMA RAPIDLY INDUCES IN HUMAN MONOCYTES A DNA-BINDING FACTOR THAT RECOGNIZES THE GAMMA-RESPONSE REGION WITHIN THE PROMOTER OF THE GENE FOR THE HIGH-AFFINITY FC-GAMMA RECEPTOR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; HUMAN IFN-GAMMA; PHENYLARSINE OXIDE; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; CYTO-TOXICITY; EXPRESSION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; ALPHA AB Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) transcriptionally activates several early-response genes in monocytes that are important for the ultimate phenotype of the activated macrophage. One of these genes is the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgG (FcgammaRI). Recently, Pearse et al. [Pearse, R. N., Feinman, R. & Ravetch, J. V. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 11305-11309] defined within the promoter region of the FcgammaRI gene an element, the gamma response region, which was necessary for IFN-gamma-induced enhancement of FcgammaRI. In this report we describe the induction by IFN-gamma of a DNA-binding factor, FcRFgamma (FcgammaRI DNA-binding factor, IFN-gamma induced), that specifically recognizes the gamma response region element. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) demonstrated the presence of FcRFgamma in human monocytes within 1 min after exposure to IFN-gamma. On EMSA, FcRFgamma consisted of two complexes termed FcRFy1 and FcRFgamma2. The nuclear concentration of FcRFgamma rapidly increased, peaked at 15 min, and then fell after 1-2 hr. Dose-response studies revealed (i) as little as 0.05 ng of IFN-gamma per ml induced FcRFgamma, (ii) maximum activation occurred at 1 ng/ml, and (iii) steady-state levels of FcgammaRI mRNA closely paralleled that of FcRF-gamma. Since FcRFgamma was activated in cells normally not expressing FcgammaRI RNA, other regulatory mechanisms must control FcgammaRI-restricted tissue expression. Activation of FcRFgamma by IFN-gamma was inhibited by pretreatment with 500 nM staurosporin and 25 muM phenyl arsine oxide. These data suggest that a kinase and possibly a phosphatase activity are required for IFN-gamma-induced signaling of FcRFgamma in monocytes. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOLOG RES & EVALUAT,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP FINBLOOM, DS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOLOG RES & EVALUAT,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 41 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 15 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 24 BP 11964 EP 11968 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.24.11964 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KC844 UT WOS:A1992KC84400067 PM 1334553 ER PT J AU KRIEG, AM GOURLEY, MF KLINMAN, DM PERL, A STEINBERG, AD AF KRIEG, AM GOURLEY, MF KLINMAN, DM PERL, A STEINBERG, AD TI HETEROGENEOUS EXPRESSION AND COORDINATE REGULATION OF ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRAL SEQUENCES IN HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY-TUMOR VIRUS; SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; HUMAN DNA; T-CELLS; SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; MESSENGER-RNAS; MICE; ANTIBODIES; PROTEINS; ELEMENTS AB This study examines the expression of human endogenous retroviral or retroviral-like (ERV) sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Probes to 12 human ERV were used in Northern analyses of 38 patients with autoimmune muscle diseases and 31 blood donor controls. All patients and controls expressed multiple classes of ERV RNA. This expression was quite heterogenous: for each of the nine ERV classes for which expression was detected, some individuals showed high RNA levels whereas others showed low levels. ERV expression was independent of disease and autoantibody production. Statistical analysis of densitometric data indicated that expression of several classes of ERV was coordinately regulated. ERV expression in individual patients showed coordinate fluctuations with time. These studies demonstrate the heterogeneity and coordinate regulation of human ERV expression. To evaluate whether ERV expression might be affected by lymphocyte activation, PBMC were cultured with or without lymphocyte mitogens before RNA extraction. These studies demonstrated complex changes in ERV expression after lymphocyte activation. Murine ERV have several immunoregulatory activities. If human ERV have analogous effects, their heterogeneous expression and association with lymphocyte activation may have important biologic consequences. C1 NIAMSD,CELLULAR IMMUNOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NEW YORK STATE DEPT HLTH,ROSWELL PK MEM INST,DEPT MOLEC MED & IMMUNOL,BUFFALO,NY 14263. RP KRIEG, AM (reprint author), UNIV IOWA HOSP & CLIN,DEPT INTERNAL MED,IOWA CITY,IA 52242, USA. OI Perl, Andras/0000-0002-5017-1348 NR 54 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1991 EP 1998 DI 10.1089/aid.1992.8.1991 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA KF475 UT WOS:A1992KF47500007 PM 1493049 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH AF RHEINSTEIN, PH TI HEALTHY PEOPLE 2000 INITIATIVE SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD DEC PY 1992 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1829 EP 1832 PG 4 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KC180 UT WOS:A1992KC18000017 PM 1456200 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, RA AF WILLIAMS, RA TI CONSUMER RESPONSE TO CHANGES IN FOOD LABELING - DISCUSSION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Discussion RP WILLIAMS, RA (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOC PI AMES PA 1110 BUCKEYE AVE, AMES, IA 50010-8063 SN 0002-9092 J9 AM J AGR ECON JI Am. J. Agr. Econ. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1213 EP 1214 DI 10.2307/1242788 PG 2 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA KJ100 UT WOS:A1992KJ10000030 ER PT J AU OLDER, SA FINBLOOM, DS PEZESHKPOUR, GH AF OLDER, SA FINBLOOM, DS PEZESHKPOUR, GH TI COLCHICINE MYONEUROPATHY AND RENAL DYSFUNCTION SO ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID MICROTUBULES; NEUROPATHY; TOXICITY; MYOPATHY C1 US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,NEUROMUSCULAR SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20306. RP OLDER, SA (reprint author), BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,DEPT MED,RHEUMATOL SERV,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234, USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 0003-4967 J9 ANN RHEUM DIS JI Ann. Rheum. Dis. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 51 IS 12 BP 1343 EP 1344 DI 10.1136/ard.51.12.1343 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA KC226 UT WOS:A1992KC22600017 PM 1485821 ER PT J AU ANDERSEN, MR OMIECINSKI, CJ AF ANDERSEN, MR OMIECINSKI, CJ TI DIRECT EXTRACTION OF BACTERIAL PLASMIDS FROM FOOD FOR POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION AMPLIFICATION SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SHIGELLA-FLEXNERI; OUTBREAK; CHEESE AB In this report we describe a simple and rapid technique using DNA affinity columns that permits direct extraction of bacterial plasmids from a variety of foods for polymerase chain reaction amplification. The procedure was used to detect virulent enteroinvasive Escherichia coli in several artificially seeded matrices, including seafoods, greens, dairy products, enrichment media, and water. Polymerase inhibitors present in both foods and enrichment media were removed efficiently. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP ANDERSEN, MR (reprint author), US FDA,SEATTLE DIST OFF,22201 23RD DR SE,POB 3012,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES004696] NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 58 IS 12 BP 4080 EP 4082 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA KA901 UT WOS:A1992KA90100052 PM 1476448 ER PT J AU LYNG, J BENTZON, MW FERGUSON, M FITZGERALD, EA AF LYNG, J BENTZON, MW FERGUSON, M FITZGERALD, EA TI RABIES VACCINE STANDARDIZATION - INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE STUDY FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL STANDARD FOR RABIES VACCINE SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-RADIAL-IMMUNODIFFUSION; VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; POTENCY; ASSAY; RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; INDUCTION; ANTIGEN C1 STATE SERUM INST,DEPT BIOSTAT,DK-2300 COPENHAGEN S,DENMARK. NATL INST BIOL STAND & CONTROLS,POTTERS BAR EN6 3QG,ENGLAND. CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP LYNG, J (reprint author), STATE SERUM INST,INT LAB BIOL STAND,DK-2300 COPENHAGEN S,DENMARK. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD DEC PY 1992 VL 20 IS 4 BP 301 EP 313 DI 10.1016/S1045-1056(05)80051-X PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA LA029 UT WOS:A1992LA02900009 PM 1305406 ER PT J AU HASS, BS HART, RW GAYLOR, DW POIRIER, LA LYNCOOK, BD AF HASS, BS HART, RW GAYLOR, DW POIRIER, LA LYNCOOK, BD TI AN INVITRO PANCREAS ACINAR CELL MODEL FOR TESTING THE MODULATING EFFECTS OF CALORIC RESTRICTION AND AGING ON CELLULAR PROLIFERATION AND TRANSFORMATION SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID DIETARY RESTRICTION; MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION; CANCER STATISTICS; FISCHER-344 RAT; DNA-REPAIR; MICE; CARCINOGENESIS; GROWTH; CARCINOMA; RETARDATION AB Pancreatic acinar cells were isolated for culture from a young (Y) and an old (O) Brown-Norway or Fischer 344 rat fed an ad libitum (AL) or calorically restricted (CR) diet. The cells were cultured and cellular growth rates were determined as a function of passage number. An overall increase in cellular growth rate and transformation frequency with age and/or AL diet relative to youth as well as a decrease with CR diet were concordant with reported responses in vivo. Transformation frequency was measured in Brown-Norway cells and followed the same pattern as the growth response: AL/O > AL/Y = CR/Y > CR/O. The cellular model is shown to fit the general multistage requirements of the carcinogenic process as well as general age and diet characteristics of pancreatic cancer. This pancreatic acinar cell age-diet approach may prove to be a valuable tool for determining mechanisms of exocrine pancreatic carcinogenesis as well as other disease states; it may also be of utility in in vitro gerontological nutritional and pharmacological studies since some of the age and diet determinants of biological effects appear to be segregable. Propensity of cells from an old and/or AL diet animal for faster growth and for cellular transformation are programmed into the cells by the time of their excision from the animal (as late as 14 months), indicating a heritable component in the model or a mechanism that is dependent upon elements that control gene expression. C1 US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HASS, BS (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 76 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD DEC PY 1992 VL 13 IS 12 BP 2419 EP 2425 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.12.2419 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KD322 UT WOS:A1992KD32200036 PM 1473253 ER PT J AU JAMES, SJ CROSS, DR MILLER, BJ AF JAMES, SJ CROSS, DR MILLER, BJ TI ALTERATIONS IN NUCLEOTIDE POOLS IN RATS FED DIETS DEFICIENT IN CHOLINE, METHIONINE AND OR FOLIC-ACID SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Note ID FRAGILE SITE EXPRESSION; METHYL-GROUP DEFICIENCY; DNA STRAND BREAKS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; CYTO-TOXICITY; FOLATE; METHOTREXATE; LYMPHOCYTES; METABOLISM; ACCUMULATION AB The fidelity of DNA synthesis is critically dependent on the correct balance and availability of the deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) percursors for the polymerases involved in replication and repair. Since folate-derived one-carbon groups are essential for the de novo synthesis of both purines and pyrimidines, the purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether diet-induced depletion of folates would alter intracellular dNTP pools. Fischer 344 rats were fed one of four semi-purified diets for a period of 8 weeks: (i) supplemented control; (ii) deficient in folic acid; (iii) deficient in methionine and choline; and (iv) deficient in methionine, choline and folic acid. In contrast to natural diets, semi-purified diets are nucleotide-free and consequently lack substrates for salvage pathway synthesis. This omission may place unusual stress on folate-dependent de novo nucleotide synthesis especially under conditions of dietary methyl-donor deficiency. Reversed-phase HPLC analysis of dNTP in spleen cell extracts indicated that both the thymidylate monophosphate and thymidylate triphosphate pools were decreased in spleen cells from the deficient rats consistent with a decrease in folate-dependent de novo synthesis. In addition, purine biosynthesis appeared to be negatively affect by methyl-donor deficiency as evidenced by a reduction in dGTP and dATP pools. These data indicate that deoxynucleotide pool imbalance, well known to produce cytogenetic and mutagenic events in vitro, can also be induced in this in vivo model of diet-induced carcinogenesis. RP JAMES, SJ (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 35 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD DEC PY 1992 VL 13 IS 12 BP 2471 EP 2474 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.12.2471 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA KD322 UT WOS:A1992KD32200045 PM 1473260 ER PT J AU LEPORE, PD AF LEPORE, PD TI FDAS GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE REGULATIONS AND COMPUTERIZED DATA ACQUISITION-SYSTEMS SO CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6TH INTERNATIONAL LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ( LIMS ) CONF CY JUN 08-11, 1992 CL PITTSBURGH, PA AB The Food and Drug Administration's good laboratory practice regulations apply to computerized systems that are used to collect and process data deriving from a non-clinical laboratory study. Such systems are considered to be 'equipment' and are regulated similarly to other equipment used in a laboratory. In this regard, computerized systems are to be of appropriate design and adequate capacity to accomplish protocol directions, and their fitness for use in a study is to be documented. Written, approved standard operating procedures are to cover system testing, calibration, standardization, inspection, and maintenance, and a historical file is to contain a listing of versions and dates of implementation. The system is to accommodate the identification of each individual responsible for direct data entry at the time of entry. Data entries may be changed but an audit trail must preserve the original entry and identify the person making the change, list the date of the change, and provide a reason for the change. In view of the forgoing, FDA's inspections of computerized systems are designed to determine whether the systems operated properly in the past, whether they are currently operating properly, and whether they will continue to operate properly in the future. A satisfactory outcome can best be achieved through the development, installation, use, and maintenance of systems comporting with high quality standards. RP LEPORE, PD (reprint author), US FDA,OFF REGULATORY AFFAIRS,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7439 J9 CHEMOMETR INTELL LAB JI Chemometrics Intell. Lab. Syst. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 17 IS 3 BP 283 EP 287 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry, Analytical; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry; Computer Science; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics GA KF855 UT WOS:A1992KF85500004 ER PT J AU ARROWSMITHLOWE, J MURPHY, MD AF ARROWSMITHLOWE, J MURPHY, MD TI FDA GUIDANCE FOR HIV TRIALS IN PEDIATRIC POPULATIONS SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 40 IS 4 BP A865 EP A865 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA KE141 UT WOS:A1992KE14100504 ER PT J AU RHODEHAMEL, EJ AF RHODEHAMEL, EJ TI FDA CONCERNS WITH SOUS VIDE PROCESSING SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIFE REFRIGERATED FOODS; APPLYING HACCP RP RHODEHAMEL, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 30 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 10 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 46 IS 12 BP 73 EP 76 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA KD259 UT WOS:A1992KD25900010 ER PT J AU MCCARTHY, SA AF MCCARTHY, SA TI ATTACHMENT OF LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES TO CHITIN AND RESISTANCE TO BIOCIDES SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INACTIVATION; SANITIZERS; SHRIMP; HEAT RP MCCARTHY, SA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SEAFOOD RES,POB 158,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 46 IS 12 BP 84 EP 87 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA KD259 UT WOS:A1992KD25900012 ER PT J AU LOPEZ, H LOEW, MH GOODENOUGH, DJ AF LOPEZ, H LOEW, MH GOODENOUGH, DJ TI OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS OF ULTRASOUND IMAGES BY USE OF A COMPUTATIONAL OBSERVER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article ID CONTRAST-DETAIL ANALYSIS; DISCRIMINATION; ROC; PERFORMANCE AB We present a computer-based Computational Observer method for the analysis and evaluation of digitized ultrasound images of the Contrast-Detail phantom, which was developed earlier. This evaluation method evolved from image evaluation studies, which demonstrated that human observer performance is, not sufficiently consistent or accurate for objective evaluation of images or imaging SyStems. The Computational Observer measures the detection threshold for imaged targets of known contrast, and computes Contrast-Detail data from this information. We compare the results of Computational Observer image evaluations to those of human observers for the same set of digitized ultrasound images, and for similar tasks. We find that our new method meets the criteria of being objective, accurate, reproducible, transportable, and relevant to human observer image evaluations. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. RP LOPEZ, H (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0278-0062 J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging PD DEC PY 1992 VL 11 IS 4 BP 496 EP 506 DI 10.1109/42.192685 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KK635 UT WOS:A1992KK63500005 PM 18222891 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, T TRIPATHI, AK LEE, YL LIZZIO, EF BONVINI, E AF HOFFMAN, T TRIPATHI, AK LEE, YL LIZZIO, EF BONVINI, E TI STIMULATION OF HUMAN MONOCYTES BY ANTI-CD3 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY - INDUCTION OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATOR RELEASE VIA IMMOBILIZATION OF FC RECEPTOR BY ADSORBED IMMUNOGLOBULIN AND LYMPHOCYTES-T SO INFLAMMATION LA English DT Article ID CELL ACTIVATION; CROSS-LINKING; GAMMA-RI; OKT3; MODULATION; METABOLISM; SECRETION; TRIGGERS; ANTIGENS; INVITRO AB Human monocytes released superoxide anion, prostaglandin E2, leukotriene B4, IL-1, and TNF when exposed to plastic surfaces coated with murine anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, OKT 3. Stimulation of mediator release by OKT 3 was dependent on the amount of antibody immobilized onto wells of plastic tissue culture plates. Soluble antibody or antibody adsorbed to monocytes and reacted with an aggregating ("cross-linking") second antibody failed to induce mediator release. Monocytes "armed" with OKT 3 formed rosettes with T cells in a fashion indistinguishable from that seen between monocytes and T cells sensitized with OKT 3. Monocytes with adsorbed OKT 3 antibodies released IL-1beta and TNF-alpha when exposed to unsensitized T cells, although increased superoxide release could not be detected. OKT 4a, a murine IgG2a antibody that reacts with a different T cell epitope (CD4), failed to induce cytokine release from monocytes when cross-linked by T cells or a CD4 + T cell line, even in the presence of IL-2 or IFN-gamma. These data indicate that certain antibodies bound to Fc receptors (FcR) of monocytes may trigger monocyte function when reacting with cells bearing the appropriate target antigens. FcR-mediated signaling resulting in mediator release may be involved in initiating or regulating the immune response. Furthermore, systemically administered monoclonal antibodies may induce inflammatory responses and their attendant symptomatologies via their interaction with FcR-bearing inflammatory cells. RP HOFFMAN, T (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0360-3997 J9 INFLAMMATION JI Inflammation PD DEC PY 1992 VL 16 IS 6 BP 571 EP 585 DI 10.1007/BF00919341 PG 15 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA JV590 UT WOS:A1992JV59000001 PM 1334047 ER PT J AU FINNEGAN, A REGAN, J SEAMON, KB LINDHOLM, C AF FINNEGAN, A REGAN, J SEAMON, KB LINDHOLM, C TI IDENTIFICATION OF SINGLE AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTIONS IN THE STAPHYLOCOCCAL NUCLEASE PROTEIN THAT ENHANCE AND DIMINISH T-CELL CLONE RECOGNITION OF NATURALLY PROCESSED PEPTIDES SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; CLASS-II ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; ANTIGEN-PRESENTING FUNCTION; PIGEON CYTOCHROME-C; BINDING-PROTEIN; PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE; DETERMINANT SELECTION; IMMUNOGENIC PEPTIDES; MHC RESTRICTION; LYMPHOCYTES-T; B-CELLS AB It has been inferred that residue changes that affect T cell recognition of synthetic peptides will have a similar effect in the intact protein. However, since small peptides do not require antigen processing it is possible that residue changes in synthetic peptides will not have an equivalent effect in the intact protein. Mutant proteins of staphylococcal nuclease (Nase) and 15mer synthetic peptides with corresponding substitutions were compared to determine if residue changes within an immunodominant epitope have an effect on the generation of naturally processed peptides. Five different substitutions in the synthetic peptide resulted in loss of reactivity of individual Nase-specific clones. When the same single amino acid changes were made in the intact protein, the naturally-processed peptides were also unable to stimulate the Nase-specific clones. However, two other substitutions in the synthetic peptide were stimulatory for a T cell clone even though the same changes in the intact protein were non-stimulatory. These results suggest that certain residue changes affect recognition of the naturally processed peptide but not the synthetic peptide with the same amino acid change. In addition, these results demonstrate that the effects of amino acid substitutions in synthetic peptides on T cell recognition may not always reflect the effects of these substitutions in the intact protein. Substitutions located outside Nase-specific T cell epitopes were also examined. Thirty different mutant proteins were all stimulatory. Moreover, a number of these mutants proteins were 50- to 100-fold more efficient in their stimulatory capacity than the native Nase protein. These results demonstrate that residue changes not directly involved in T cell epitope recognition can enhance the processing and/or presentation of T cell epitopes. These data support the concept that recognition of T cell epitopes may directly depend on the structure of the protein in which the recognition site is processed. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP FINNEGAN, A (reprint author), RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,DEPT MED,RHEUMATOL & IMMUNOL MICROBIOL SECT,CHICAGO,IL 60612, USA. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 4 IS 12 BP 1399 EP 1406 DI 10.1093/intimm/4.12.1399 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KE105 UT WOS:A1992KE10500007 PM 1286063 ER PT J AU WOOD, GE AF WOOD, GE TI MYCOTOXINS IN FOODS AND FEEDS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MYCOTOXINS; AFLATOXINS; CORN; PEANUTS; MILK; CONTROL PROGRAMS ID CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID PRODUCTION; MYCO-TOXIN PRODUCTION; NATURAL OCCURRENCE; DEOXYNIVALENOL VOMITOXIN; FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; ERGOT ALKALOIDS; WHOLE TOMATOES; WINTER-WHEAT; DAIRY-COWS AB Mycotoxins axe considered unavoidable contaminants in foods and feeds because agronomic technology has not yet advanced to the stage at which preharvest infection of susceptible crops by fungi can be eliminated. The aflatoxins have received greater attention than any of the other mycotoxins because of their demonstrated carcinogenic effects in susceptible animals and their acute toxic effects in humans. Since 1965, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has enforced regulatory limits on the concentrations of these toxins in foods and feeds involved in interstate commerce. The FDA routinely monitors the food and feed industries through compliance programs to ensure that the levels of exposure to these toxins are kept as low as practical. This report summarizes data generated from compliance programs on aflatoxins for the fiscal years 1989, 1990, and the first half of 1991. Commodities sampled included peanuts and peanut products, tree nuts, corn and corn products, cottonseed, and milk. Higher than usual levels of contamination were found in corn examined from all areas of the United States in 1989 as a result of the severe drought that affected the 1988 corn crop. The drought in parts of the South and Southeast in 1990 resulted in increased contamination in corn and peanuts from those areas. A review of the surveillance data obtained on deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, sterigmatocystin, penicillic acid, and patulin over the years along with available toxicological data for these mycotoxins indicated that no regulatory actions were warranted. The lack of sufficient surveillance data on other mycotoxins that occur in the United States can be attributed in part to the unavailability of reliable analytical methodology. RP WOOD, GE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 58 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 70 IS 12 BP 3941 EP 3949 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA KB974 UT WOS:A1992KB97400033 PM 1474031 ER PT J AU STIBITZ, S GARLETTS, TL AF STIBITZ, S GARLETTS, TL TI DERIVATION OF A PHYSICAL MAP OF THE CHROMOSOME OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS TOHAMA .1. SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-LABILE TOXIN; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; VIRULENCE FACTORS; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FIMBRIAL SUBUNIT; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; CLONING; BRONCHISEPTICA; VIR AB We have used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to derive a restriction map of the chromosome of Bordetella pertussis for the enzymes XbaI, SpeI, PacI, and PmeI, which cleave 25, 16, 2, and 1 times, respectively. The apparent size of the genome is 3,750 kb. The positions of genes for major virulence determinants in the vir regulon and of some housekeeping genes were determined. Apart from the previously known linkage of the vir and fha loci, no significant linkage of virulence genes was demonstrated. RP STIBITZ, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL TOXINS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 41 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 174 IS 23 BP 7770 EP 7777 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JZ841 UT WOS:A1992JZ84100035 PM 1447143 ER PT J AU CALDERWOOD, JA JOHNSON, JM AF CALDERWOOD, JA JOHNSON, JM TI A LEGAL CURRICULUM FOR THE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGIST .1. ORDER OF PRECEDENCE OF AUTHORITY SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP CALDERWOOD, JA (reprint author), ZUCKERT SCOUTT & RASENBERGER,888 17TH ST NW,SUITE 600,WASHINGTON,DC 20006, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 32 IS 12 BP 1073 EP 1082 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KD102 UT WOS:A1992KD10200003 PM 1487544 ER PT J AU FOOPHILLIPS, M KOZAK, CA PRINCIPATO, MAC ABE, R AF FOOPHILLIPS, M KOZAK, CA PRINCIPATO, MAC ABE, R TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MLS(F) SYSTEM .2. IDENTIFICATION OF MOUSE MAMMARY-TUMOR VIRUS PROVIRUSES INVOLVED IN THE CLONAL DELETION OF SELF-MLS(F)-REACTIVE T-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPERANTIGEN; ANTIGENS; GENES; EXPRESSION; V-BETA-11; TOLERANCE; PRODUCTS; MICE AB The genetic linkage of loci encoding stimulatory Mls(s) and Mls(c) determinants with proviruses of mouse mammary tumour viruses (MMTV) has been shown. We previously have reported that the ligand(s) for Vbeta5, Vbeta11, and Vbeta12 behaves as a novel minor lymphocyte-stimulating (Mls) determinant(s), Mls(f), to induce the strong proliferation of unprimed T cells, and that this ligand(s) also functions as a self-Ag for the clonal deletion of self-reactive T cells. In the accompanying paper (Part I), a unique polymorphism characteristic of the Mls(f) gene product is presented. In order to determine the genetic basis for this novel Mls system, we examined the progeny of multiple genetic crosses to identify the MMTV proviral loci involved in the clonal deletion of self-Mls(f)-reactive T cells. Results from these investigations indicated that at least three known MMTV proviruses, Mtv-8, Mtv-9, and Mtv-11 are involved in the expression of Mls(f) gene products. Presence of Mtv-9 results in the complete deletion of Vbeta5, Vbeta11, and Vbeta12; Mtv-8 is associated with the complete deletion of Vbeta12, but only a partial deletion of Vbeta11 (primarily CD4-positive T cell subset) with little or no deletion of Vbeta5; and Mtv-11 induces the complete deletion of Vbeta11 and Vbeta12, but no deletion of Vbeta5. Given the significant sequence homology in the C-terminal portion of the open reading frame (ORF) region among these three MMTV and the almost equivalent effect of these three MMTV provirus upon the Vbeta12 repertoire, their apparent hierarchic effect upon the Vbeta5 and Vbeta11 repertoires suggests that affinity differences in recognition of the same determinant by different TCR Vbeta may play a significant role in the clonal deletion of self-reactive T cells. C1 USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,MAIL STOP 44,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,VIRULENCE ASSESSMENT BRANCH,LAUREL,MD 20708. NIAID,MOLEC MICROBIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 1 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 11 BP 3440 EP 3447 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JY875 UT WOS:A1992JY87500002 PM 1331236 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM AF KLINMAN, DM TI CROSS-REACTIVITY OF IGM-SECRETING B-CELLS FROM NORMAL BALB/C MICE SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY REPERTOIRE; MONOCLONAL AUTOANTIBODIES; NATURAL AUTOANTIBODIES; MURINE AUTOANTIBODIES; C MICE; SPECIFICITIES; ANTIGENS; ACQUISITION; ACTIVATION; IDIOTOPES AB Cross-reactive antibodies capable of binding to foreign and self Ag are present in the serum of normal newborn and adult animals. In our work, a chamber ELISA assay was used to quantitate the cross-reactivity of B cells actively secreting Ig in BALB/c mice of different ages. Individual lymphocytes were tested for the production of IgM antibodies capable of binding to a series of four unrelated Ag (DNA, TNP, actin, and OVA). Results indicate that nearly one-quarter of IgM secreting lymphocytes from 6-day-old animals were cross-reactive. This frequency was two- to fourfold higher than that found in adult mice. Very old animals, however, showed a selective increase in the cross-reactivity of anti-DNA (but not anti-TNP) secreting lymphocytes. Evidence from Ag inhibition experiments indicated that low concentrations of soluble Ag could block the binding of polyreactive antibodies, and that approximately one-half of "naturally" cross-reactive B cells produced antibodies capable of binding to three or more unrelated Ag. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BLDG 29A,RM 3D10,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 1 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 11 BP 3569 EP 3573 PG 5 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JY875 UT WOS:A1992JY87500020 PM 1431126 ER PT J AU SZABO, G PINE, PS WEAVER, JL RAO, PE ASZALOS, A AF SZABO, G PINE, PS WEAVER, JL RAO, PE ASZALOS, A TI CD4 CHANGES CONFORMATION UPON LIGAND-BINDING SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; AURINTRICARBOXYLIC ACID; LATERAL DIFFUSION; HIV; RECEPTOR; SURFACE; INFECTION; MEMBRANES; FRAGMENT; CELLS AB Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) has been shown to block the binding site for both HIV gp120 and mAb anti-Leu 3a on CD4. We have unexpectedly found that brief treatment with greater-than-or-equal-to 1 mug/ml ATA rapidly disengages another mAb, OKT4E, after it has been bound to CD4 on human PBL. OKT4E is specific for a discontinuous epitope overlapping the MHC class II-binding region in the N-terminal CD4 domain. Interestingly, among 10 other mAb tested, only anti-Leu 8, specific for a leukocyte homing receptor is also quickly released from the cells by ATA treatment. Disengagement of the OKT4E mAb is also seen on a CD4-positive cell line (HPB-ALL) and with recombinant soluble CD4 (sCD4) bound to immobilized OKT4E. In all of these cases, disengagement is prevented if OKT4E is cross-linked, or the Leu 3a site is blocked by the mAb, but not by gp120. Photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer (pFRET) measurements suggest that OKT4E is released as an indirect consequence of ATA-evoked conformational changes of CD4. Similar changes were detected as a result of gp120 binding to PBL. These data raise the possibility of a novel type of immunomodulation: induced disengagement of a bound ligand from its Ag. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. ORTHO DIAGNOST SYST INC,RARITAN,NJ 08869. DEBRECEN UNIV MED,SCH MED,DEPT BIOPHYS,H-4012 DEBRECEN,HUNGARY. NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD DEC 1 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 11 BP 3596 EP 3604 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JY875 UT WOS:A1992JY87500024 PM 1431129 ER PT J AU KAY, LE BULL, TE NICHOLSON, LK GRIESINGER, C SCHWALBE, H BAX, A TORCHIA, DA AF KAY, LE BULL, TE NICHOLSON, LK GRIESINGER, C SCHWALBE, H BAX, A TORCHIA, DA TI THE MEASUREMENT OF HETERONUCLEAR TRANSVERSE RELAXATION-TIMES IN AX3 SPIN SYSTEMS VIA POLARIZATION-TRANSFER TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; PROTEINS; ENHANCEMENT; MACROMOLECULES; SIGNALS; N-15; CONSTANTS; DYNAMICS; SPECTRA C1 NIDDKD,CHEM PHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIDR,BONE RES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV FRANKFURT,INST ORGAN CHEM,W-6000 FRANKFURT 50,GERMANY. RI Schwalbe, Harald/F-9023-2010 OI Schwalbe, Harald/0000-0001-5693-7909 NR 39 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2364 J9 J MAGN RESON PD DEC PY 1992 VL 100 IS 3 BP 538 EP 558 DI 10.1016/0022-2364(92)90058-F PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA KF538 UT WOS:A1992KF53800006 ER PT J AU CAMPBELL, WL FRANKLIN, W CERNIGLIA, CE AF CAMPBELL, WL FRANKLIN, W CERNIGLIA, CE TI VALIDATION STUDIES ON AN INVITRO SEMICONTINUOUS CULTURE SYSTEM DESIGNED TO SIMULATE A BACTERIAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE HUMAN INTESTINE SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE SEMICONTINUOUS CULTURE; INTESTINAL MICROFLORA; AZO DYE; DIRECT BLUE-15; AZOREDUCTASE ID AROMATIC-AMINES; METABOLISM; MICROFLORA; FLORA; BENZIDINE; MICROORGANISMS; MICROBIOTA; BIOLOGY; MONKEY; DIET AB A semicontinuous culture system (SCCS) inoculated with human intestinal bacteria was used to determine if the metabolic activity in the human intestine could be maintained in vitro. After 43 days, a diverse bacterial population was still present with counts above 4 x 10(9) bacteria/ml. Bacteroides spp. accounted for approximately 50% of the colonies isolated. Other isolates included Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Lactobacillus, Peptococcus, Clostridium, Streptococcus, and Acidaminococcus spp. Acetic, propionic, and butyric acid made up over 90% of the volatile fatty acids. Beta-glucosidase, beta-glucuronidase, nitroreductase, and azoreductase, which were present in the inoculum, were also present after 43 days. Carbon dioxide was the predominant gas (17.81 mmol/l). Hydrogen and methane were detected at 0.66 mmol/l and 3.67 mmol/l, respectively. After 17 days, the azo dye Direct blue 15, was added to the culture and over 90% was metabolized in the first 24 h. Two metabolites, 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine and 4-amino-3,3'-dimethoxybiphenyl, were isolated and identified by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results indicate that diverse, metabolically active cultures can be maintained for prolonged periods and used for studies of xenobiotic metabolism. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD DEC PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP 239 EP 252 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(92)90014-U PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA KF542 UT WOS:A1992KF54200001 ER PT J AU WU, ST SHIU, GK SIMMONS, JE BRONAUGH, RL SKELLY, JP AF WU, ST SHIU, GK SIMMONS, JE BRONAUGH, RL SKELLY, JP TI INVITRO RELEASE OF NITROGLYCERIN FROM TOPICAL PRODUCTS BY USE OF ARTIFICIAL MEMBRANES SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION AB An in vitro testing method for measuring the release of nitroglycerin from topical drug products was evaluated. The method involved measuring the amount of nitroglycerin that diffused from ointments and patches through various synthetic membranes into receptor fluid contained in a modified Franz diffusion cell. Plots of the amount of nitroglycerin released against the square root of time for all 10 synthetic membranes were linear. Five membranes (group I) were found to release nitroglycerin at similar rates (difference not significant; p > 0.05). Use of the other five membranes (group II) in diffusion cells resulted in release rates significantly slower than those of group I membranes (p < 0.05). Rapid permeation of nitroglycerin from a solution through a polysulfone membrane demonstrated a lack of significant diffusion barrier properties of this membrane. Rates of release of nitroglycerin from commercially available ointments were found to be similar. A comparison of three commercial nitroglycerin patches revealed that these products released nitroglycerin at different rates in vitro. C1 US FDA,CDER,BIOPHARMACEUT RES BRANCH,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CDER,OFF GENER DRUGS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CFSAN,DIV TOXICOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CDER,OFF RES RESOURCES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 81 IS 12 BP 1153 EP 1156 DI 10.1002/jps.2600811204 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA KA910 UT WOS:A1992KA91000003 PM 1491329 ER PT J AU APPEL, NM ROBBINS, JD DESOUZA, EB SEAMON, KB AF APPEL, NM ROBBINS, JD DESOUZA, EB SEAMON, KB TI [I-125] LABELED FORSKOLIN ANALOGS WHICH DISCRIMINATE ADENYLYL CYCLASE AND A GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER - PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND LOCALIZATION OF BINDING-SITES IN RAT-BRAIN BY INVITRO RECEPTOR AUTORADIOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID 2ND MESSENGER SYSTEMS; TRANSIENT FOREBRAIN ISCHEMIA; QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY; H-3 FORSKOLIN; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CYTOCHALASIN-B; EXPRESSION; BARRIER; HIPPOCAMPUS; PROTEIN AB Aminoalkylcarbamate derivatives of forskolin have been synthesized at the 6- and 7-hydroxyl positions which have different selectivity for adenylyl cyclase and a glucose transporter, respectively. They were radioiodinated using the Bolton-Hunter reagent to yield [I-125]-2-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)propanamido]-N-ethyl-6-(aminocarbonyl)forskolin ([I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk) and [I-125]-2-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)(propanamidol]-N-ethyl-7-(aminocarbonyl)-7-desacetylforskolin ([I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk) and tested as autoradiographic probes for adenylyl cyclase and a glucose transporter. In slide-mounted rat brain sections [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk binding was potently inhibited by 1 muM 6-HPP-Fsk (95%) but unaffected by 500 mM D-glucose. In contrast, [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk was only partially inhibited by 1 muM 6-HPP-Fsk (37%), but residual [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk binding was further inhibited 56% by 500 mM D-glucose. These data suggest that while [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk binds exclusively to adenylyl cyclase, a significant fraction of [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk is binding to a glucose transporter in brain. Autoradiographic patterns of [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk and glucose-sensitive [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk binding were different. [I-125]6-IHPP-Fsk binding was heterogeneously distributed and resembled [H-3] forskolin binding. Highest densities of binding sites were noted in olfactory tubercle, caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens, pyramidal and granule cell layers of hippocampus, molecular layer of cerebellum and substantia nigra. In contrast, of glucose-sensitive [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk, binding appeared more homogeneous and similar to [H-3]cytochalasin B, a compound which inhibits glucose transport. Highest densities of binding were noted in caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens, cerebral cortex and molecular layer of cerebellum. Less binding was noted in hippocampus pyramidal and granule cell layers. The data show that [I-125] 6-IHPP-Fsk and [I-125]7-IHPP-Fsk can be used, respectively, to label selectively adenylyl cyclase and glucose transporter. These compounds may have potential as in vivo diagnostic probes to reveal brain pathology or as sites of action of physiological insults or drugs which affect signal transduction or brain metabolism. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING HFD472,LAUREL,MD. DUPONT MERCK PHARMACEUT CO,CENT NERVOUS SYST DIS RES,WILMINGTON,DE. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 263 IS 3 BP 1415 EP 1423 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KD194 UT WOS:A1992KD19400068 PM 1469642 ER PT J AU VICK, JA AF VICK, JA TI POISONOUS SNAKES - REPLY SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP VICK, JA (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 157 IS 12 BP A8 EP A8 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA KB925 UT WOS:A1992KB92500007 ER PT J AU ZAPATA, GA VANN, WF RUBINSTEIN, Y FRASCH, CE AF ZAPATA, GA VANN, WF RUBINSTEIN, Y FRASCH, CE TI IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLE REGION DIFFERENCES IN NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS CLASS-3 PROTEIN SEQUENCES AMONG 5 GROUP-B SEROTYPES SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; CLASS 2 PROTEIN; STRUCTURAL GENE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PORIN PROTEIN; INFANT RAT; CLONING; VACCINE; DNA; GONORRHOEAE AB Strains of Neisseria meningitidis express one of two porin proteins. These porins have been identified as the class 2 and class 3 proteins, and express serotype-specific epitopes. The gene for the class 3 protein was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction from the DNA of a serotype 4 strain as a 1025 bp fragment. The nucleotide sequence of this gene was determined and compared with two recently published sequences. On the basis of this comparison we have identified two major variable regions in the translated protein sequence, VR1 and VR2, that may be associated with serotype specificity. Three other variable regions were also identified. The sequences in the VR1 and VR2 regions from five additional group B N. meningitidis strains of serotypes 1, 4, 8,12, and 15, all expressing class 3 proteins, were determined. The VR1 and VR2 regions were variable and were flanked by highly conserved regions among eight different class 3 sequences. These two variable regions of 15 and 9 amino acids are predicted to be in surface-exposed loops. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 31 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 6 IS 23 BP 3493 EP 3499 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01784.x PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA KB926 UT WOS:A1992KB92600005 PM 1335540 ER PT J AU BERLYNE, G KACZMAREK, RG HAMBURGER, S HAMILTON, P MOORE, RM CHARNEY, AN KAHN, T GRUBER, M KAUFMAN, CE GOFFINET, J BERNARD, MA AF BERLYNE, G KACZMAREK, RG HAMBURGER, S HAMILTON, P MOORE, RM CHARNEY, AN KAHN, T GRUBER, M KAUFMAN, CE GOFFINET, J BERNARD, MA TI SEROPREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES TO THE HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS IN DIALYSIS WORKERS - RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER STUDY SO NEPHRON LA English DT Article DE HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE; DIALYSIS WORKERS ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; AIDS AB The Center for Devices and Radiological Health, in collaboration with the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Brooklyn, N.Y., conducted a multi-center, multi-institutional study of the seroprevalence of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among dialysis workers. Seven dialysis units and 112 dialysis workers participated in the study over a period of 2 years. Participation was limited to dialysis workers who, by questionnaire, denied non-occupational risk factors for HIV infection. The vast majority of the study participants were drawn from areas where the prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS cases are substantially greater than the national average. Study participants received the ELISA test for HIV antibodies. All 112 of the participants tested negative for HIV antibodies. These results are encouraging, as they failed to reveal unrecognized occupational transmission of HIV infection among dialysis workers. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ-161,SUITE 405,1801 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BROOKLYN,NY. ST JOHNS HOSP,MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,FAR ROCKAWAY,NY. MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,BRONX,NY. MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,NORTHPORT,NY. MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,W HAVEN,CT. MED CTR,DEPT VET AFFAIRS,NEW YORK,NY. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0028-2766 J9 NEPHRON JI Nephron PD DEC PY 1992 VL 62 IS 4 BP 441 EP 443 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JZ219 UT WOS:A1992JZ21900012 PM 1300440 ER PT J AU MEYER, MC STRAUGHN, AB JARVI, EJ WOOD, GC PELSOR, FR SHAH, VP AF MEYER, MC STRAUGHN, AB JARVI, EJ WOOD, GC PELSOR, FR SHAH, VP TI THE BIOINEQUIVALENCE OF CARBAMAZEPINE TABLETS WITH A HISTORY OF CLINICAL FAILURES SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CARBAMAZEPINE; HUMAN; BIOAVAILABILITY; PHARMACOKINETICS; DISSOLUTION ID FORMULATIONS AB The bioavailability of three lots of a generic 200-mg carbamazepine tablet, which had been withdrawn from the market, was compared to the bioavailability of one lot of the innovator product in 24 healthy volunteers. Fifty-three lots of the generic product had been recalled by the manufacturer because of concerns over reports of clinical failures for several of the lots. The three generic lots tested in this study exhibited a wide range of bioavailability, as well as large differences in the in vitro dissolution rates. The mean maximum carbamazepine plasma concentrations for two of the generic lots were only 61-74% that of the innovator product, while the third lot was 142% of the innovator. The mean areas under the plasma concentration-time curve for the three generic lots ranged from 60 to 113% that of the innovator product. The results clearly indicate a significant difference in the rate and extent of absorption of the generic products compared to the innovator, as well as among the generic lots. A good relationship was found between the in vivo parameters and the in vitro dissolution results for the four dosage forms. C1 IDAHO STATE UNIV,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,POCATELLO,ID 83201. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP MEYER, MC (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE CTR HLTH SCI,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT,874 UNION AVE,MEMPHIS,TN 38163, USA. FU PHS HHS [223-87-1802] NR 7 TC 102 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 16 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 9 IS 12 BP 1612 EP 1616 DI 10.1023/A:1015872626887 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KB948 UT WOS:A1992KB94800015 PM 1488405 ER PT J AU CARRINGTON, CD BOLGER, PM AF CARRINGTON, CD BOLGER, PM TI AN ASSESSMENT OF THE HAZARDS OF LEAD IN FOOD SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD LEAD; CALCIUM-METABOLISM; PRESSURE; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; WOMEN; MILK RP CARRINGTON, CD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 25 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 16 IS 3 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1016/0273-2300(92)90006-U PG 8 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KF482 UT WOS:A1992KF48200006 PM 1293643 ER PT J AU KITTNER, SJ SHARKNESS, CM SLOAN, MA PRICE, TR DAMBROSIA, JM TUHRIM, S WOLF, PA MOHR, JP HIER, DB AF KITTNER, SJ SHARKNESS, CM SLOAN, MA PRICE, TR DAMBROSIA, JM TUHRIM, S WOLF, PA MOHR, JP HIER, DB TI FEATURES ON INITIAL COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY SCAN OF INFARCTS WITH A CARDIAC SOURCE OF EMBOLISM IN THE NINDS-STROKE-DATA-BANK SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; EMBOLISM; TOMOGRAPHY, EMISSION COMPUTED ID CEREBRAL EMBOLISM; REGISTRY AB Background and Purpose: The lack of valid criteria for the clinical diagnosis of cardiogenic embolism is a major problem in both patient care and research. The aim of this study was to identify features on the initial computed tomogram of the brain that discriminate between patient groups with and without a cardiac source of embolism. To gain insight into the neuroradiological features relevant to the diagnosis of cardiac embolic stroke, we studied the initial computed tomogram of the 1,267 patients with ischemic stroke and such a scan in the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Stroke Data Bank. Methods: We analyzed the initial computed tomographic data from 1,267 patients with ischemic stroke in the NINDS Stroke Data Bank. Based solely on the presence of cardiac sources of embolism, we defined groups with high (n=244), medium (n=165), and low (n=858) risk for cardiogenic embolism and compared the features on the initial computed tomogram among these three groups. Results: Patients in the high-risk group were significantly more likely (p<0.001) to have infarcts involving one half lobe or larger or infarcts involving both superficial and deep structures than patients in the medium- or low-risk groups. In contrast, deep small infarcts had a negative association (p = 0.004) with the presence of a cardiac source of embolism. There was no significant trend across risk groups in the percent with hemorrhagic infarction, regardless of whether patients with anticoagulant use at the time of the stroke were excluded. Conclusion: Although some features of the initial computed tomogram had highly significant associations with the presence of a cardiac source of embolism, the predictive value of these features for an embolic source was low. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NEUROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & PREVENT MED,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NINCDS,BIOMETRY & FIELD STUDIES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02118. COLUMBIA PRESBYTERIAN MED CTR,INST NEUROL,NEW YORK,NY 10032. UNIV ILLINOIS HOSP,CHICAGO,IL 60612. FU NINDS NIH HHS [N01-NS-2-2399, N01-NS-2-2384, N01-NS-2-2302] NR 13 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD DEC PY 1992 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1748 EP 1751 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA KA151 UT WOS:A1992KA15100009 PM 1448825 ER PT J AU GAYLOR, DW RAZZAGHI, M AF GAYLOR, DW RAZZAGHI, M TI PROCESS OF BUILDING BIOLOGICALLY BASED DOSE-RESPONSE MODELS FOR DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECTS SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RISK ASSESSMENT AB The problem of developing biologically-based dose-response models is addressed for predicting the prevalence of birth defects at low doses of toxic chemicals administered during pregnancy. To illustrate the process of incorporating biological information, a model is postulated to predict the prevalence of cleft palate for a chemical that reduces embryonic/fetal growth, which results in inadequate palatal cells for closure. Experimental bioassay data examining the prevalence of cleft palate in mice exposed to the herbicide 2,4,5-T are used to illustrate the process. With the limited data available, it is necessary to assume a model for cell growth and the relationship between the cell growth rate parameter and dose of 2,4,5-T. Also, a relationship between cleft palate prevalence and growth is assumed and then checked with experimental data. The purpose of the paper is not to provide a universal biologically based dose-response model for cleft palate, but rather to demonstrate the extent, and type of information and data required. It remains to be seen if the form of the model is appropriate for chemicals that primarily produce embryo/fetal malformations or death via reduced or delayed cellular growth. C1 BLOOMSBURG UNIV,BLOOMSBURG,PA 17815. RP GAYLOR, DW (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,BIOMETRY STAFF,HFT-20,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 7 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD DEC PY 1992 VL 46 IS 6 BP 573 EP 581 DI 10.1002/tera.1420460607 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA KE112 UT WOS:A1992KE11200006 PM 1290158 ER PT J AU HAYES, TJ CAVAGNARO, JA AF HAYES, TJ CAVAGNARO, JA TI PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES IN THE PRECLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF CYTOKINES SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF TOXICOLOGY : TOXICOLOGY FROM DISCOVERY AND EXPERIMENTATION TO THE HUMAN PERSPECTIVE CY JUN 28-JUL 03, 1992 CL ROME, ITALY DE BIOTECHNOLOGY; REGULATIONS; TOXICOLOGY; CYTOKINES; SAFETY EVALUATIONS; DRUG DEVELOPMENT AB This presentation focuses on the history and status of the preclinical toxicologic assessment of recombinant proteins. Cytokines and growth factors are used as examples. There has been an evolution of thought over the past dozen years on the testing of these substances that has ranged from their being considered nontoxic, human-specific proteins for which no predictive testing could be done in animals, to the present view that they can be toxic, relevant testing may be possible in animals, and assessment approaches should be science-based and case-by-case. The challenge of appropriate testing of recombinant proteins has caused toxicologists in both industry and in regulatory authorities to reconsider not only testing procedures but the purpose of preclinical assessment. The form of regulatory guidelines (guidance vs. inflexible testing protocols) has been questioned, and the need for interaction between scientists in industry and regulatory agencies has been strengthened. This process has advanced the science of toxicology. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP HAYES, TJ (reprint author), HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,NUTLEY,NJ 07110, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 64-5 SI SI BP 291 EP 297 DI 10.1016/0378-4274(92)90201-T PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA KE526 UT WOS:A1992KE52600036 PM 1471184 ER PT J AU KADERLIK, RK LIN, DX LANG, NP KADLUBAR, FF AF KADERLIK, RK LIN, DX LANG, NP KADLUBAR, FF TI ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF LABORATORY METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS FOR EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY; DNA ADDUCTS; IMMUNOASSAYS ID WHITE BLOOD-CELLS; COKE-OVEN WORKERS; P-32-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS; ORAL-MUCOSA; CANCER; ASSAY; IDENTIFICATION; QUANTITATION; EXPOSURE; SMOKERS AB In molecular epidemiological studies, the measurement of carcinogen-DNA adducts in human tissues can provide direct evidence of current exposure to chemical carcinogens. Moreover, data on steady state DNA adduct levels and the rate of cell proliferation can be related not only to carcinogen-target tissue dosimetry but may also be useful in assessment of human cancer risk. Thus far, laboratory methods for adduct detection have primarily utilized P-32-postlabelling, immunoassays, and mass spectrometry. However, accurate quantitation of DNA adducts requires knowledge of the structural identity and chemical properties of carcinogen-base adducts, the availability of synthetic standards for recovery determinations, and the development of complementary methods to corroborate analytical findings. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 64-5 SI SI BP 469 EP 475 DI 10.1016/0378-4274(92)90221-5 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA KE526 UT WOS:A1992KE52600056 PM 1471199 ER PT J AU TALASKA, G SCHAMER, M BAILEY, JR ALI, SF SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W PAULE, MG AF TALASKA, G SCHAMER, M BAILEY, JR ALI, SF SCALLET, AC SLIKKER, W PAULE, MG TI NO INCREASE IN CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS IN THE LUNGS OF MONKEYS EXPOSED CHRONICALLY TO MARIJUANA SMOKE SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS; LUNG; MARIJUANA; P-32-POSTLABELING ID P-32-POSTLABELING ASSAY; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; URINARY-BLADDER; YOUNG-PATIENTS; HEAVY SMOKERS; TOBACCO; CELLS; ACTIVATION; ONCOGENE; AGENTS AB Rhesus monkeys exposed to marijuana smoke either 7 or 2 days/weeks (HI and LO groups, respectively), or ethanol-extracted marijuana smoke for 7 days/week (EM) or sham treatment (SH) for 1 year were sacrificed 7 months following the last exposure. Pulmonary levels of carcinogen-DNA adducts were determined. Although mean or median adduct levels were not statistically different, 15 of 22 adduct measures were highest in the EM group and lowest 12 of 22 times in the SH group. The levels of aromatic carcinogen-DNA adducts seem no higher in the lungs of animals exposed to marijuana smoke than in untreated animals. Ethanol-extracted marijuana may have effects greater than marijuana itself. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP TALASKA, G (reprint author), UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH,CINCINNATI,OH 45267, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [1P30 ES 06096-01]; PHS HHS [22483-005] NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD DEC PY 1992 VL 63 IS 3 BP 321 EP 332 DI 10.1016/0378-4274(92)90094-Z PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA KB052 UT WOS:A1992KB05200010 PM 1488780 ER PT J AU KELLY, DW HOLDER, CL KORFMACHER, WA GETEK, TA LAY, JO CASCIANO, DA SHADDOCK, JG DUHART, HM SLIKKER, W AF KELLY, DW HOLDER, CL KORFMACHER, WA GETEK, TA LAY, JO CASCIANO, DA SHADDOCK, JG DUHART, HM SLIKKER, W TI METABOLISM OF METHAPYRILENE BY FISCHER-344 RAT AND B6C3F1 MOUSE HEPATOCYTES SO XENOBIOTICA LA English DT Article ID PYRILAMINE MALEATE; ANTIHISTAMINES; HYDROCHLORIDE; INVITRO; ASSAY; LYMPHOMA; THENYLDIAMINE; GENOTOXICITY; ELIMINATION; TOXICITY AB 1. Suspension cultures of freshly isolated F344 rat and B6C3F1 mouse hepatocytes were compared for their ability to transform various concentrations of methapyrilene (MP). 2. MP metabolites were isolated and purified by h.p.l.c., and were identified by comparing their chromatographic and mass spectral properties with those of authentic standards. 3. Both rat and mouse hepatocytes transformed MP to tentatively identified 2-thiophenecarboxylic acid (I), and definitively identified mono-N-desmethyl methapyrilene glucuronide (II), methapyrilene glucuronide (III), methapyrilene N-oxide (V), and mono-N-desmethyl methapyrilene (VII). C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,PHARMACODYNAM BRANCH,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 32 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0049-8254 J9 XENOBIOTICA JI Xenobiotica PD DEC PY 1992 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1367 EP 1381 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA KG283 UT WOS:A1992KG28300003 PM 1494883 ER PT J AU BEHRMAN, RE KAMMERMAN, LA FEIGAL, DW AF BEHRMAN, RE KAMMERMAN, LA FEIGAL, DW TI CONTINUED ZIDOVUDINE OR DIDANOSINE FOR HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP BEHRMAN, RE (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 26 PY 1992 VL 327 IS 22 BP 1598 EP 1599 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JZ432 UT WOS:A1992JZ43200018 PM 1435893 ER PT J AU CANELLOS, GP ANDERSON, JR PROPERT, KJ NISSEN, N COOPER, MR HENDERSON, ES GREEN, MR GOTTLIEB, A PETERSON, BA AF CANELLOS, GP ANDERSON, JR PROPERT, KJ NISSEN, N COOPER, MR HENDERSON, ES GREEN, MR GOTTLIEB, A PETERSON, BA TI CHEMOTHERAPY OF ADVANCED HODGKINS-DISEASE WITH MOPP, ABVD, OR MOPP ALTERNATING WITH ABVD SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TERM FOLLOW-UP; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; DACARBAZINE ABVD; BLEOMYCIN; VINBLASTINE; SURVIVAL; ADRIAMYCIN; TOXICITY; THERAPY AB Background and Methods. MOPP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone) has been the standard treatment for Hodgkin's disease for almost 20 years. In a randomized, multicenter trial, we compared three regimens of primary systemic therapy for newly diagnosed advanced Hodgkin's disease in Stages IIIA2, IIIB, and IVA or IVB: (1) MOPP alone given for 6 to 8 cycles, (2) MOPP alternating with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) for 12 cycles, and (3) ABVD alone for 6 to 8 cycles. Patients in a first relapse after radiation therapy were eligible. No additional radiation therapy was given. Patients who did not have a complete response or who had a relapse with either MOPP alone or ABVD alone were switched to the opposite regimen. Results. Of 361 eligible patients, 123 received MOPP, 123 received MOPP alternating with ABVD, and 115 received ABVD alone. The patients were stratified according to age, stage, previous radiation, histologic features, and performance status. The overall response rate was 93 percent, with complete responses in 77 percent: 67 percent in the MOPP group, 82 percent in the ABVD group, and 83 percent in the MOPP-ABVD group (P = 0.006 for the comparison of MOPP with the other two regimens, both of which contained doxorubicin). The rates of failure-free survival at five years were 50 percent for MOPP, 61 percent for ABVD, and 65 percent for MOPP-ABVD. Age, stage (III vs. IV), and regimen influenced failure-free survival significantly. Overall survival at five years was 66 percent for MOPP, 73 percent for ABVD, and 75 percent for MOPP-ABVD (P = 0.28 for the comparison of MOPP with the doxorubicin regimens). MOPP had more severe toxic effects on bone marrow than ABVD and was associated with greater reductions in the prescribed dose. Conclusions. In this trial, ABVD therapy for 6 to 8 months was as effective as 12 months of MOPP alternating with ABVD, and both were superior to MOPP alone in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease. ABVD was less myelotoxic than MOPP or ABVD alternating with MOPP. C1 SUNY HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SYRACUSE,NY. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT MED,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. UNIV NEBRASKA,MED CTR,OMAHA,NE 68105. HARVARD UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOSTAT,BOSTON,MA 02115. RIGSHOSP,DEPT HEMATOL,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. WAKE FOREST UNIV,BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,DEPT MED,WINSTON SALEM,NC 27103. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT MED,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP CANELLOS, GP (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DANA FARBER CANC INST,DIV MED ONCOL,44 BINNEY ST,BOSTON,MA 02115, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 31946] NR 29 TC 676 Z9 695 U1 1 U2 5 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 19 PY 1992 VL 327 IS 21 BP 1478 EP 1484 DI 10.1056/NEJM199211193272102 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JY165 UT WOS:A1992JY16500002 PM 1383821 ER PT J AU KORNBLITH, AB ANDERSON, J CELLA, DF TROSS, S ZUCKERMAN, E CHERIN, E HENDERSON, ES CANELLOS, GP KOSTY, MP COOPER, R WEISS, RB GOTTLIEB, A HOLLAND, JC AF KORNBLITH, AB ANDERSON, J CELLA, DF TROSS, S ZUCKERMAN, E CHERIN, E HENDERSON, ES CANELLOS, GP KOSTY, MP COOPER, R WEISS, RB GOTTLIEB, A HOLLAND, JC TI COMPARISON OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION AND SEXUAL FUNCTION OF SURVIVORS OF ADVANCED HODGKIN DISEASE TREATED BY MOPP, ABVD, OR MOPP ALTERNATING WITH ABVD SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION; PSYCHOSEXUAL; HODGKIN DISEASE; CANCER SURVIVORS; MOPP; ABVD ID ILLNESS SCALE PAIS; CANCER SURVIVORS; TESTIS CANCER; TELEPHONE; CHEMOTHERAPY; INTERVIEW; ADJUSTMENT; CHILDHOOD; ANXIETY AB Background. Survivors of advanced Hodgkin disease, who were assigned randomly to treatment by mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP); doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD); or MOPP alternating with ABVD in a clinical trial of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (protocol 8251), were compared in terms of their psychosocial adaptation and psychosexual function an average of 2.2 years after completion of treatment (range, 1-5 years). The study was undertaken to determine if there were differences among treatments in these functional areas as a consequence of differential long-term gonadal damage in the three regimens. Methods. Ninety-three disease-free survivors of advanced Hodgkin disease (56 men and 37 women) were studied (a minimum of 1 year after completion of treatment) by an interview conducted over the telephone. Standardized measures were used to assess their psychologic, sexual, family, and vocational functioning, including the following tests: the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self Report, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Profile of Mood States, and the Impact of Event Scale. Results. Contrary to expectation, no statistically significant differences in survivors' psychosocial adaptation or psychosexual function were found by treatment arm. Infertility (based on survivors' reports of medical test results and perceptions) and lower income 1 year before the diagnosis of cancer were significant predictors of poorer adjustment. Most survivors reported a range of problems that they attributed to having had cancer: 35%, proven or perceived infertility; 24%, sexual problems; 31%, health and life insurance problems; 26%, a negative socioeconomic effect; and 51%, conditioned nausea, associated with visual or olfactory reminders of chemotherapy. Conclusions. No significant long-term advantage in psychosocial adaptation or psychosexual function was found for survivors of Hodgkin disease treated by the less gonadally toxic ABVD regimen 1 to 5 years after completion of treatment. C1 UNIV NEBRASKA,MED CTR,OMAHA,NE 68105. RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60612. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEWARK,NJ 07103. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DANA FARBER CANC INST,BOSTON,MA 02115. SCRIPPS CLIN & RES FDN,SAN DIEGO,CA. BOWMAN GRAY MED CTR,WINSTON SALEM,NC. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. SUNY SYRACUSE,HLTH SCI CTR,SYRACUSE,NY. RP KORNBLITH, AB (reprint author), MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,1275 YORK AVE,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 03927, CA 32291, CA31946] NR 50 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD NOV 15 PY 1992 VL 70 IS 10 BP 2508 EP 2516 DI 10.1002/1097-0142(19921115)70:10<2508::AID-CNCR2820701020>3.0.CO;2-V PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JX894 UT WOS:A1992JX89400019 PM 1384949 ER PT J AU DALY, JW CACERES, J MONI, RW GUSOVSKY, F MOOS, M SEAMON, KB MILTON, K MYERS, CW AF DALY, JW CACERES, J MONI, RW GUSOVSKY, F MOOS, M SEAMON, KB MILTON, K MYERS, CW TI FROG SECRETIONS AND HUNTING MAGIC IN THE UPPER AMAZON - IDENTIFICATION OF A PEPTIDE THAT INTERACTS WITH AN ADENOSINE RECEPTOR SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB A frog used for "hunting magic" by several groups of Panoan-speaking Indians in the borderline between Brazil and Peru is identified as Phyllomedusa bicolor. This frog's skin secretion, which the Indians introduce into the body through fresh burns, is rich in peptides. These include vasoactive peptides, opioid peptides, and a peptide that we have named adenoregulin, with the sequence GLWSKIKEVGKEAAKAAAKAAGKAALGAVSEAV as determined from mass spectrometry and Edman degradation. The natural peptide may contain a D amino acid residue, since it is not identical in chromatographic properties to the synthetic peptide. Adenoregulin enhances binding of agonists to A1 adenosine receptors; it is accompanied in the skin secretion by peptides that inhibit binding. The vasoactive peptide sauvagine, the opioid peptides, and adenoregulin and related peptides affect behavior in mice and presumably contribute to the behavioral sequelae observed in humans. C1 US FDA,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ANTHROPOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AMER MUSEUM NAT HIST,DEPT HERPETOL & ICHTHYOL,NEW YORK,NY 10024. RP DALY, JW (reprint author), NIDDKD,BIOORGAN CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Moos, Malcolm/F-3673-2011 OI Moos, Malcolm/0000-0002-9575-9938 NR 14 TC 85 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATL ACAD PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 15 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 22 BP 10960 EP 10963 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.22.10960 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JY874 UT WOS:A1992JY87400082 PM 1438301 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI AF MILLER, HI TI ALTERED FOOD SO NATURE LA English DT Letter RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20867, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 12 PY 1992 VL 360 IS 6400 BP 101 EP 101 DI 10.1038/360101b0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JX752 UT WOS:A1992JX75200023 ER PT J AU KADLUBAR, FF AF KADLUBAR, FF TI DETECTION OF HUMAN DNA CARCINOGEN ADDUCTS SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVITY RP KADLUBAR, FF (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 12 PY 1992 VL 360 IS 6400 BP 189 EP 189 DI 10.1038/360189a0 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JX752 UT WOS:A1992JX75200070 PM 1436097 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI ALERT ON CHANGES IN STANDARDIZED CAT ALLERGEN EXTRACT PRODUCTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 11 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 18 BP 2491 EP 2491 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JW616 UT WOS:A1992JW61600006 PM 1328699 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI PROPOSAL TO PROVIDE MORE PEDIATRIC USE INFORMATION IN DRUG LABELING SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 11 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 18 BP 2491 EP 2491 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JW616 UT WOS:A1992JW61600004 PM 1328699 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI 1ST DRUG AVAILABLE UNDER PARALLEL TRACK POLICY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 11 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 18 BP 2491 EP 2491 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JW616 UT WOS:A1992JW61600005 PM 1328699 ER PT J AU FUJII, N MINETTI, CASA NAKHASI, HL CHEN, SW BARBEHENN, E NUNES, PH NGUYEN, NY AF FUJII, N MINETTI, CASA NAKHASI, HL CHEN, SW BARBEHENN, E NUNES, PH NGUYEN, NY TI ISOLATION, CDNA CLONING, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN 18-KDA HEMAGGLUTININ AND AMEBOCYTE AGGREGATION FACTOR FROM LIMULUS-POLYPHEMUS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; HORSESHOE-CRAB; INHIBITORY ACTIVITY; COMPLEMENT-SYSTEM; BINDING PROTEIN; PURIFICATION; PEPTIDE; CONSUMPTION; SIMILARITY AB An 18-kDa hemagglutinin which possesses the property of inducing both aggregation of amebocytes and agglutination of erythrocytes has been isolated from Limulus polyphemus amebocytes and purified by ion exchange chromatography. This nonglycosylated, single chain polypeptide with an M(r) of 18,506 and isoelectric point of 8.3 is stored exclusively in the large secretory granules of amebocytes. Based on the partial N-terminal amino acid sequence of 63 residues, DNA probes have been synthesized for screening a pBR322 cDNA library constructed from Limulus amebocytes. The cDNA coding for this protein reveals the presence of a 19-residue signal peptide preceding the 153-residue open reading frame. Northern blot analysis indicates the presence of a single mRNA species. The primary structure derived from the corresponding cDNA sequence reveals an internal homology consisting of two consensus sequences, Val-Asn-Asp/Ser-Trp-Asp and Glu-Asp-Arg-Arg-Trp. The formation of 5 disulfide bonds between 10 half-cysteines divides the molecule into three looped domains each containing the Glu-Asp-Arg-Arg-Trp repeating unit. One of the novel features of this protein is that it shares 37% identity with a 22-kDa mammalian extracellular matrix protein isolated from fetal bovine skin (Neame, P. J., Choi, H. U., and Rosenberg, L. C. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 5474-5479). The two proteins exhibit a similar pattern of looped domains, each domain containing a homologous consensus sequence (i.e. Glu-Asp-Arg-Arg-Trp). The overall structure of both proteins seems to be highly related, with the exception of an N-terminal tyrosine-rich region present only in the mammalian extracellular matrix protein. The functional properties of the two proteins are similar in that the Limulus 18-kDa protein agglutinates horse erythrocytes and aggregates Limulus amebocytes, and the mammalian 22-kDa protein is an effective adhesion promoter for dermal fibroblasts. On the basis of these unique properties, the newly characterized hemagglutinin has been termed Limulus 18K agglutination-aggregation factor (18K-LAF). C1 US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,CYTOKINE RES LAB,BLDG 29A,RM 2A-09,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Minetti, Conceicao/B-5077-2009 OI Minetti, Conceicao/0000-0002-9682-2898 NR 56 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 5 PY 1992 VL 267 IS 31 BP 22452 EP 22459 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JW719 UT WOS:A1992JW71900073 PM 1429596 ER PT J AU YUN, CH HAMMONS, GJ JONES, G MARTIN, MV HOPKINS, NE ALWORTH, WL GUENGERICH, FP AF YUN, CH HAMMONS, GJ JONES, G MARTIN, MV HOPKINS, NE ALWORTH, WL GUENGERICH, FP TI MODIFICATION OF CYTOCHROME-P450 1A2 ENZYMES BY THE MECHANISM-BASED INACTIVATOR 2-ETHYNYLNAPHTHALENE AND THE PHOTOAFFINITY LABEL 4-AZIDOBIPHENYL SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVE DRUG-METABOLISM; LIVER MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME-P-450C; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESES; CHEMICAL MODIFICATION; GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; BINDING SITE; N-OXIDATION; PURIFICATION; CYTOCHROMES-P-450; IDENTIFICATION AB 2-Ethynylnaphthalene (2EN) had previously been demonstrated to be a mechanism-based inactivator of rat cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A2 [Hammons, G.J., Alworth, W.L., Hopkins, N.E., Guengerich, F.P., & Kadlubar, F.F. (1989) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2,367-374]. In this work 2EN was also demonstrated to be a useful inactivator of rabbit P450 1A2 (k(inactivation) 0.094 min-1, K(i) 11 muM) but it did not inactivate human P450 1A2, although the sequences of the three proteins are approximately 80% identical. Rat and rabbit P450 1A2 were modified by incubation with NADPH-P450 reductase, NADPH, and [H-3]2EN to levels of 0.35 and 0.47 nmol of adduct (nmol of P450)-1, respectively. In each case only a single tryptic peptide was labeled; recovery of labeled peptides was low under the acidic HPLC conditions. The rabbit P450 1A2 peptide FQELMAAVGR (positions 175-184) and the rat P450 1A2 peptide L(S)QQYGDVLQIR (positions 67-78) were identified. 4-Azidobiphenyl (4-N3BP) was developed as a photoaffinity label for P-450 1A2 proteins because of its similarity to 4-aminobiphenyl, a known substrate for the enzymes. 4-N3BP was shown to be photolyzed with 350-nm light and radioactive label could be incorporated into rat P450 1A2. Labeling of the protein was found to be saturable with increasing concentrations of 4-N3BP and up to 0.59 nmol of label could be incorporated (nmol P450 1A2)-1. The substrate 4-aminobiphenyl and the competitive inhibitor 7,8-benzoflavone blocked photolabeling of P450 1A2 with 4-N3BP, and 4-N3BP inhibited N-hydroxylation of 4-aminobiphenyl by P450 1A2 in the usual enzyme assay. SEEMLNLVK (positions 212-220) was isolated as the only labeled peptide from modified rat P450 1A2. With 4-N3BP-modified rabbit P450 1A2, only a very hydrophobic portion was labeled and this binding was not attenuated by 4-aminobiphenyl. The results indicate quite different labeling patterns for three P450s having a high degree of primary sequence similarity. On the basis of the predictions of others about three-dimensional locations of the residues in P450 1A2 proteins, the regions 67-78 and 175-184 might respectively correspond to the so-called A and D helices of P450 101 [Poulos, T. L. (1988) Pharm. Res. 5, 67-751. It is of interest that the region of rat P450 1A2 modified by 4-N3BP (212-220) is near a corresponding site of mouse P450 2A5 where mutagenesis has been shown to modulate both catalytic specificity and heme distal ligation [Iwasaki, M., Juvonen, R., Lindberg, R., & Negishi, M. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 3380-3382]. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. TULANE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 44353, CA 38192]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 00267] NR 62 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD NOV 3 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 43 BP 10556 EP 10563 DI 10.1021/bi00158a019 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JW440 UT WOS:A1992JW44000019 PM 1420171 ER PT J AU WEICK, MD AF WEICK, MD TI PHYSICAL RESTRAINTS - AN FDA UPDATE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article RP WEICK, MD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV SURVEILLANCE,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 92 IS 11 BP 74 EP & DI 10.2307/3426944 PG 0 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA JW590 UT WOS:A1992JW59000023 PM 1485634 ER PT J AU ABASSI, ZA TATE, J HUNSBERGER, S KLEIN, H TRACHEWSKY, D KEISER, HR AF ABASSI, ZA TATE, J HUNSBERGER, S KLEIN, H TRACHEWSKY, D KEISER, HR TI PHARMACOKINETICS OF ANF AND URODILATIN DURING CANF RECEPTOR BLOCKADE AND NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE INHIBITION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE URODILATIN; ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR; NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; CLEARANCE ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR RECEPTOR LIGAND; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION; HALF-TIME; HYDROLYSIS OF URODILATIN; HYDROLYSIS OF ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR ID ATRIAL-NATRIURETIC-FACTOR; BLOOD-PRESSURE; HEART-FAILURE; CYCLIC-GMP; PEPTIDE; RATS; KIDNEY; MEMBRANES; METALLOENDOPEPTIDASE; ENKEPHALINASE AB Urodilatin is a new member of the family of natriuretic peptides. It is of renal origin. Previous reports indicate that urodilatin is natriuretic in lower doses than atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)-(99-126) and that it might be more effective than ANF in the treatment of cardiovascular edema. The present study was designed to compare the pharmacokinetics of the hydrolysis and clearance of I-125-labeled urodilatin and I-125-ANF. In control rats, the volume of distribution (V(ss)), metabolic clearance rate (MCR), and distribution half-life (distribution t1/2) of urodilatin in plasma were not significantly different from those of ANF. Infusion of clearance (c)ANF-(4-23), a specific ligand for receptors that clear ANF in excess amounts (i.e., a bolus injection of 100 mug/kg followed by a continuous infusion of 10 mug.kg-1-min-1), increased the amount of intact peptide in the plasma to the same extent for both urodilatin and ANF. In addition, cANF-(4-23) decreased the V(ss) and the MCR and increased the distribution t1/2 of both peptides to about the same degree. Prior treatment of rats with SQ-28,603, a specific neutral endopeptidase (NEP; EN 3.4.24.11) inhibitor, was without significant effect on the metabolic clearance of urodilatin, whereas it decreased the clearance of ANF by 65%. Furthermore, an infusion of SQ-28, 603 suppressed the appearance of the hydrolytic products of ANF in blood but not of urodilatin. Moreover, the inhibitor increased the total amount of ANF recovered in the kidneys to five times the control values, whereas it did not alter the renal uptake of urodilatin. These data demonstrate that urodilatin is removed from the circulation mainly by cANF receptors, whereas circulating ANF-(99-126) is cleared by both cANF receptors and NEP. This may contribute to the differences in the natriuretic potency of these two peptides, despite similar distribution t1/2, MCR, and V(ss). C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,COLL RES STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP ABASSI, ZA (reprint author), NHLBI,HYPERTENS ENDOCRINE BRANCH,BLDG 10,RM 8C103,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 39 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0002-9513 J9 AM J PHYSIOL JI Am. J. Physiol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 263 IS 5 BP E870 EP E876 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA JZ778 UT WOS:A1992JZ77800033 PM 1443119 ER PT J AU POTHULURI, JV FREEMAN, JP EVANS, FE CERNIGLIA, CE AF POTHULURI, JV FREEMAN, JP EVANS, FE CERNIGLIA, CE TI FUNGAL METABOLISM OF ACENAPHTHENE BY CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MICROBIAL-METABOLISM; DETOXIFICATION; CONTAMINANTS; NAPHTHALENE; OXIDATION AB The filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 36112 metabolized within 72 h of incubation approximately 64% of the [1,8-C-14]acenaphthene added. The radioactive metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate and separated by thin-layer chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Seven metabolites were identified by H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, UV, and mass spectral techniques as 6-hydroxyacenaphthenone (24.8%), 1,2-acenaphthenedione (19.9%), trans-1,2-dihydroxyacenaphthene (10.3%), 1,5-dihydroxyacenaphthene (2.7%), 1-acenaphthenol (2.4%), 1-acenaphthenone (2.1%), and cis-1,2-dihydroxyacenaphthene (1.8%). Parallel experiments with rat liver microsomes indicated that the major metabolite formed from acenaphthene by rat liver microsomes was 1-acenaphthenone. The fungal metabolism of acenaphthene was similar to bacterial and mammalian metabolism, since the primary site of enzymatic attack was on the two carbons of the five-member ring. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV MICROBIOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 30 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 58 IS 11 BP 3654 EP 3659 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA JW473 UT WOS:A1992JW47300031 PM 1482186 ER PT J AU SU, SY SHIU, GK SIMMONS, J VISWANATHAN, CT SKELLY, JP AF SU, SY SHIU, GK SIMMONS, J VISWANATHAN, CT SKELLY, JP TI HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF 6 CONJUGATED AND UNCONJUGATED ESTROGENS IN SERUM SO BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT; MENOPAUSE; PHARMACOKINETICS; NONSMOKERS; SMOKERS; TABLETS; WOMEN AB Six estrogens-estrone, equilin, estradiol, sodium estrone sulphate, sodium equilin sulphate and sodium 17-alpha-dihydroequilin sulphate in dog serum were successfully separated and quantified by a high performance liquid chromatographic method developed in our laboratories. The mobile phase was optimized by studying the effects of an organic modifier (acetonitrile) and an ion pairing reagent (tetrabutylammonium hydroxide). The serum sample work-up procedure was designed to recover both conjugated and unconjugated estrogens. The optimum method involved acetonitrile to precipitate serum proteins/peptides and extract estrogens. Residues were reconstituted in 50% acetonitrile in water for injection. The detection limits for these six estrogens via UV detection ranged from 0.5 to 5 ng on-column with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 10 for a 20 muL injection and via fluorescence 0.1 ng on-column for 17-beta-estradiol. Validation data are included for all six estrogens. C1 US FDA,BIOPHARMACEUT RES BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,OFF RES RESOURCES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0269-3879 J9 BIOMED CHROMATOGR JI Biomed. Chromatogr. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 6 IS 6 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1002/bmc.1130060604 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JZ662 UT WOS:A1992JZ66200003 PM 1337486 ER PT J AU JACKSON, AJ AF JACKSON, AJ TI INAPPROPRIATE INCLUSION OF NONQUANTIFIABLE PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ESTIMATION OF EXTENT OF ABSORPTION SO BIOPHARMACEUTICS & DRUG DISPOSITION LA English DT Note DE ABSORPTION; NONQUANTIFIABLE PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS ID PHARMACOKINETICS; BIOEQUIVALENCE; FORMULATIONS RP JACKSON, AJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV BIOEQUIVALENCE,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0142-2782 J9 BIOPHARM DRUG DISPOS JI Biopharm. Drug Dispos. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 13 IS 8 BP 629 EP 634 DI 10.1002/bdd.2510130808 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JV901 UT WOS:A1992JV90100007 PM 1421054 ER PT J AU KREITMAN, RJ CHAUDHARY, VK KOZAK, RW FITZGERALD, DJP WALDMANN, TA PASTAN, I AF KREITMAN, RJ CHAUDHARY, VK KOZAK, RW FITZGERALD, DJP WALDMANN, TA PASTAN, I TI RECOMBINANT TOXINS CONTAINING THE VARIABLE DOMAINS OF THE ANTI-TAC MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY TO THE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR KILL MALIGNANT-CELLS FROM PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID MULTIVARIATE SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; PSEUDOMONAS EXOTOXIN; DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN; FUSION PROTEIN; CYTO-TOXICITY; TARGET-CELLS; FRAGMENT-A; IMMUNOTOXIN; CYTOTOXICITY; EXPRESSION C1 NCI,DIV CANC BIOL DIAG & CTR,MOLEC BIOL LAB,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,DIV CANC BIOL DIAG & CTR,METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 32 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 1 PY 1992 VL 80 IS 9 BP 2344 EP 2352 PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA JW436 UT WOS:A1992JW43600026 PM 1421405 ER PT J AU POIRIER, MC BELAND, FA AF POIRIER, MC BELAND, FA TI DNA ADDUCT MEASUREMENTS AND TUMOR-INCIDENCE DURING CHRONIC CARCINOGEN EXPOSURE IN ANIMAL-MODELS - IMPLICATIONS FOR DNA ADDUCT-BASED HUMAN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP; MOLECULAR DOSIMETRY; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; RAT-LIVER; BLADDER; 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; AFLATOXIN-B1; 4-(N-METHYL-N-NITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE; DIETHYLNITROSAMINE; INDUCTION C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP POIRIER, MC (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC ETIOL,BLDG 37,ROOM 3B25,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 38 TC 156 Z9 157 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 5 IS 6 BP 749 EP 755 DI 10.1021/tx00030a003 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA KB009 UT WOS:A1992KB00900004 PM 1489923 ER PT J AU HERRENOSAENZ, D EVANS, FE HEINZE, T LEWTAS, J FU, PP AF HERRENOSAENZ, D EVANS, FE HEINZE, T LEWTAS, J FU, PP TI INVITRO METABOLISM AND DNA ADDUCT FORMATION FROM THE MUTAGENIC ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANT 2-NITROFLUORANTHENE SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PARTICULATE ORGANIC-MATTER; MICROSOMAL METABOLISM; 2-NITROPYRENE; 1-NITROPYRENE; BINDING; 3-NITROFLUORANTHENE; CARCINOGENICITY; DEOXYGUANOSINE; FLUORANTHENE AB The metabolism and DNA adduct formation by the mutagenic environmental contaminant 2-nitrofluoranthene (2-NFA) were studied. Incubation under aerobic conditions with liver microsomes of rats pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene yielded trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-2-nitrofluoranthene, trans-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydro-2-nitrofluoranthene, and 7-, 8-, and 9-phenolic metabolites. When the epoxide hydrolase inhibitor 3,3,3-trichloropropylene was present in the incubation, only phenolic metabolites were detected. Under hypoxic conditions, 2-aminofluoranthene was obtained, together with a trace of the ring-oxidized metabolites. The activated metabolite, N-hydroxy-2-aminofluoranthene, was prepared in situ and reacted with calf thymus DNA. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis of the DNA and purification by HPLC, a C8-substituted deoxyguanosine adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluoranthene, was identified by mass and proton NMR spectral analysis. This adduct was also formed at a level of 10 pmol/mg of DNA when 2-NFA was metabolized by xanthine oxidase, 6 pmol/mg of DNA from incubation with liver microsomes of rats pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene, and 3-pmol/mg of DNA from metabolism by liver microsomes of rats pretreated with phenobarbital. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. US EPA,DIV GENET TOXICOL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 5 IS 6 BP 863 EP 869 DI 10.1021/tx00030a021 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA KB009 UT WOS:A1992KB00900022 PM 1489938 ER PT J AU LUMPKIN, MM BURLINGTON, DB PECK, CC KESSLER, D AF LUMPKIN, MM BURLINGTON, DB PECK, CC KESSLER, D TI GUIDELINES FOR THE EVALUATION OF ANTIINFECTIVE DRUG PRODUCTS - PREFACE - FDA SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LUMPKIN, MM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV ANTIINFECT DRUG PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 15 SU 1 BP S3 EP S3 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA JX586 UT WOS:A1992JX58600002 ER PT J AU KADLUBAR, FF BUTLER, MA KADERLIK, KR CHOU, HC LANG, NP AF KADLUBAR, FF BUTLER, MA KADERLIK, KR CHOU, HC LANG, NP TI POLYMORPHISMS FOR AROMATIC AMINE METABOLISM IN HUMANS - RELEVANCE FOR HUMAN CARCINOGENESIS SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID LIVER UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES; PLATELET PHENOL SULFOTRANSFERASE; N-HYDROXY ARYLAMINES; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; URINARY-BLADDER; ACETYLATION PHENOTYPE; COLORECTAL-CARCINOMA; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; CAFFEINE CLEARANCE AB The metabolic pathways associated with carcinogenic aromatic amines in humans provide an excellent example of polymorphisms that appear to be relevant to human carcinogenesis. In this regard, the N-acetylation of arylamines and the O-acetylation of their N-hydroxy metabolites are catalyzed preferentially by a genetically polymorphic acetyltransferase, high activity of which has been correlated with decreased risk for urinary bladder cancer and increased susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Cytochrome P450IA2, the principal liver enzyme involved in aromatic amine N-oxidation, exhibits a wide interindividual variation that appears trimodal in several populations and is clearly inducible by cigarette smoking and probably other host factors as well. UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases, which catalyze the N-glucuronidation of N-hydroxyarylamines and are likely to be responsible for their transport to the colon, show widely varied but unimodal distributions in humans. In contrast, human liver sulfotransferase activity for N-hydroxyarylamines, which would be expected to decrease their transport through the circulation, is catalyzed by a polymorphic enzyme(s) that is expressed at higher levels in blacks, as compared to whites, and could contribute to their relatively lower incidence of urinary bladder cancer. Peroxidative activation of aromatic amines can also occur, especially from prostaglandin H synthase in the urinary bladder and myeloperoxidase in the lungs of cigarette smokers, and both show considerable individual variability, apparently due to the extent of tissue inflammation. In a pilot study, we have examined two of these polymorphisms, acetyltransferase and cytochrome P450IA2, in colorectal cancer/polyp cases (n = 38) and controls (n = 100) and found that, individuals who are both rapid acetylators and rapid N-oxidizers are indeed more prevalent (p < 0.008) among cases (37%) than among controls (16%). C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, ARKANSAS CANC RES CTR, DEPT SURG, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. RP KADLUBAR, FF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, OFF RES, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NR 68 TC 209 Z9 211 U1 2 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 98 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.2307/3431249 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA KG637 UT WOS:A1992KG63700009 PM 1486865 ER PT J AU GUENGERICH, FP SHIMADA, T RANEY, KD YUN, CH MEYER, DJ KETTERER, B HARRIS, TM GROOPMAN, JD KADLUBAR, FF AF GUENGERICH, FP SHIMADA, T RANEY, KD YUN, CH MEYER, DJ KETTERER, B HARRIS, TM GROOPMAN, JD KADLUBAR, FF TI ELUCIDATION OF CATALYTIC SPECIFICITIES OF HUMAN CYTOCHROME-P450 AND GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE ENZYMES AND RELEVANCE TO MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOID SENECIONINE; HUMAN-LIVER; OXIDATION; METABOLISM; RAT; BIOACTIVATION; AFLATOXIN-B1; FORMS; CARCINOGENS; ACTIVATION AB A number of different approaches have been used to determine the catalytic selectivity of individual human enzymes toward procarcinogens. Studies with cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes and glutathione S-transferases are summarized here, and recent work with pyrrolizidine alkaloids, aflatoxins, 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline), and ethyl carbamate is discussed. In some cases a single enzyme can catalyze both activation and detoxication reactions of a chemical. The purification and characterization of human lung P4501A1 and the development of a noninvasive assay for human P4502E1 are also described. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37232. VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,CTR MOLEC TOXICOL,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. VANDERBILT UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT CHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV LONDON MIDDLESEX HOSP,CRC,MOLEC TOXICOL RES GRP,LONDON W1P 6DB,ENGLAND. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP GUENGERICH, FP (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,NASHVILLE,TN 37232, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 44353]; NIEHS NIH HHS [T32 ES007028, ES 00267, ES 07028] NR 27 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 98 BP 75 EP 80 DI 10.2307/3431250 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA KG637 UT WOS:A1992KG63700010 PM 1486866 ER PT J AU KETTERER, B HARRIS, JM TALASKA, G MEYER, DJ PEMBLE, SE TAYLOR, JB LANG, NP KADLUBAR, FF AF KETTERER, B HARRIS, JM TALASKA, G MEYER, DJ PEMBLE, SE TAYLOR, JB LANG, NP KADLUBAR, FF TI THE HUMAN GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE SUPERGENE FAMILY, ITS POLYMORPHISM, AND ITS EFFECTS ON SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LUNG-CANCER SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-LIVER; CLASS-MU; SUBUNIT CDNA; DNA ADDUCTS; EXPRESSION; GENE; METABOLISM; LOCUS; PI; IDENTIFICATION AB Cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a supergene family of dimeric enzymes capable of detoxifying a number of carcinogenic electrophiles. Of the numerous components of tobacco smoke, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons appear to be the principal compounds that yield substrates for these enzymes, GSTM1-1 being effective with those PAH derivatives so far studied; however, the gene locus for GSTM1 is polymorphic, containing two well-characterized expressing genes and a null allele. Use of cDNA for GSTM1-1 or appropriate fragments of genomic clones as probes in Southern blots indicated that the null allele is due to the absence of GSTM1. In preliminary experiments, described here, with lung tissue from smokers, levels of P-32-postlabeled nuclease P1-enhanced DNA adducts were inversely correlated with levels of antigen cross-reacting with antibody to GSTM1-1, suggesting that initiation depends on the expression of GSTM1-1. Since similar quantities of DNA adducts and GSTM1-1 activity have been shown to occur in bronchial and peripheral lung, however, the development of malignancy, which is usually in the bronchial region, presumably depends on additional factors that bring about promotion and progression, which are not necessarily affected by GSTM1 expression. Two epidemiological studies have been carried out in which a possible correlation between the absence of GSTM1 and lung cancer incidence is considered. In the first, involving a U.S. population sample, smokers with and without lung cancer were phenotyped, and a highly significant correlation between the absence of GSTM1-1 activity and adenocarcinoma of the lung was observed. In the second, involving genotyping of a British population, the correlation between the homozygous GSTM1 null genotype and lung cancer was much less significant and concerned squamous-cell carcinoma. C1 UNIV CINCINNATI, DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH, DIV IND & ENVIRONM HYG, CINCINNATI, OH 45267 USA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, DEPT SURG, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. RP KETTERER, B (reprint author), UCL, DEPT BIOCHEM, CANC RES CAMPAIGN MOLEC TOXICOL RES GRP, WINDEYER BLDG, CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1P 6DB, ENGLAND. NR 42 TC 203 Z9 208 U1 0 U2 3 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 98 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.2307/3431252 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA KG637 UT WOS:A1992KG63700012 PM 1486868 ER PT J AU GAYLOR, DW KADLUBAR, FF BELAND, FA AF GAYLOR, DW KADLUBAR, FF BELAND, FA TI APPLICATION OF BIOMARKERS TO RISK ASSESSMENT SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS; BLADDER; CANCER; 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE AB Due to difficulties in conducting epidemiological studies, most estimates of cancer risk are based on data from animal bioassays. Extrapolation of cancer risk estimates in animals to humans requires an assumption of equal potency across species based on the average daily dose. The purpose of this paper is to examine the ability to predict tumor incidence across species from DNA adduct concentrations resulting from exposure to carcinogens. A 100-fold range of structurally diverse adduct concentrations corresponding to the same tumor incidence raises questions about quantitative predictability across chemical classes and across species. Differences in adduct structure, mutagenic efficiency, adduct repair rates, and cellular proliferation could account for some of the differences. For specific carcinogen-DNA adducts, the steady-state levels associated with a 50% tumor incidence appear to vary over a narrower range. An equal incidence of liver tumors was obtained at equal concentrations of aflatoxin B1-DNA adducts for rats and trout. A 2- to 3-fold range of 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adduct concentrations between mice and dogs appears to be associated with nearly equal bladder tumor incidence, on the basis of limited data. In humans, a 5-fold higher concentration of a 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adduct in bladders of smokers than of nonsmokers is compatible with the relative risk of bladder cancer due to smoking. DNA adduct concentrations certainly can be used to improve quantification of chemical exposures for epidemiological studies. Although promising, more data are needed to judge the usefulness of DNA adduct concentrations to predict cancer incidence across species. RP GAYLOR, DW (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,BIOMETRY STAFF,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 10 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 98 BP 139 EP 141 DI 10.2307/3431260 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA KG637 UT WOS:A1992KG63700020 PM 1486842 ER PT J AU RUHL, S SCHWABE, M PLUZNIK, DH AF RUHL, S SCHWABE, M PLUZNIK, DH TI INTERLEUKIN-1 AUGMENTS THE EXPRESSION OF THE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA-CHAIN IN INTERLEUKIN-6-STIMULATED MYELOID CELLS BY A TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL MECHANISM SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; INTERLEUKIN-6; INTERLEUKIN-1; TRANSCRIPTIONAL; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; IL-2 RECEPTORS; LEUKEMIA CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR; BETA-CHAIN; GM-CSF; DIFFERENTIATION; SUBUNIT AB We have recently shown that interleukin 6 (IL-6) induces transient expression of the alpha-chain of the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2Ralpha) in the murine leukemia myeloid M1 cell line. Others have reported that IL-6 and interleukin 1 (IL-1) synergistically enhance the expression of IL-2Ralpha in T cells. Thus, in the present study, we investigated whether IL-1 affects the kinetics of IL-6-induced IL-2Ralpha expression in M1 cells. By cytofluorometry, we find that surface expression of IL-2Ralpha at 24 h after induction by IL-6 is strongly enhanced by IL-1. However, IL-1 does not change the transient kinetics of expression of IL-2Ralpha. Binding data and Scatchard analysis support these results and show an increase from 3100 to 17,620 low-affinity IL-2 binding sites per cell without any change in affinity after induction of M1 cells by the combination of IL-6 and IL-1. By Northern analysis, we find that the increase in IL-2Ralpha surface expression after treatment with IL-6 and IL-1 occurs in parallel with an increase in IL-2Ralpha but not IL-2Rbeta mRNA expression. By nuclear run-on analysis and actinomycin-D chase experiments, we find that the increase in IL-2Ralpha mRNA expression is due to both an increase in IL-2Ralpha gene transcription and to an increase in IL-2Ralpha mRNA stability. These data suggest that the IL-6-induced expression of IL-2Ralpha can be specifically up-regulated by IL-1, however, without affecting the transient nature in expression of IL-2Ralpha. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,HFB-800,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3B-19,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES FACIL,BIOCHEM PHYSIOL LAB,BIOL RESPONSE MODIFIER PROGRAM,FREDERICK,MD 21701. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 20 IS 10 BP 1208 EP 1215 PG 8 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA JW994 UT WOS:A1992JW99400011 PM 1426100 ER PT J AU LABORDE, JB HANSEN, DK YOUNG, JF SHEEHAN, DM HOLSON, RR AF LABORDE, JB HANSEN, DK YOUNG, JF SHEEHAN, DM HOLSON, RR TI PRENATAL DEXAMETHASONE EXPOSURE IN RATS - EFFECTS OF DOSE, AGE AT EXPOSURE, AND DRUG-INDUCED HYPOPHAGIA ON MALFORMATIONS AND FETAL ORGAN WEIGHTS SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL ACTIVITY; INDUCED CLEFT-PALATE; GROWTH; CORTICOSTERONE; BETAMETHASONE; NICOTINE; CORTISOL; FETUSES; PLASMA RP LABORDE, JB (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPRODUCT & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 62 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 19 IS 4 BP 545 EP 554 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90093-W PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JY649 UT WOS:A1992JY64900010 PM 1426713 ER PT J AU ERNEY, DR GILVYDIS, DM AF ERNEY, DR GILVYDIS, DM TI DETERMINATION OF TETRAHYDROPHTHALIMIDE IN MILK BY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY AND NITROGEN SELECTIVE DETECTION SO HRC-JOURNAL OF HIGH RESOLUTION CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Note DE GC; NITROGEN PHOSPHORUS DETECTION; FUSED SILICA OPEN TUBULAR COLUMNS; SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION; TETRAHYDROPHTHALIMIDE; MILK ID CAPTAN RP ERNEY, DR (reprint author), US FDA,PESTICIDES & IND CHEM RES CTR,1560 E JEFFERSON AVE,DETROIT,MI 48207, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR ALFRED HUTHIG VERLAG GMBH PI HEIDELBERG 1 PA POSTFACH 102869, W-69018 HEIDELBERG 1, GERMANY SN 0935-6304 J9 HRC-J HIGH RES CHROM JI HRC-J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 15 IS 11 BP 773 EP 775 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KC391 UT WOS:A1992KC39100013 ER PT J AU SAROSI, GA THOMAS, PM EGERTON, M PHILLIPS, AF KIM, KW BONVINI, E SAMELSON, LE AF SAROSI, GA THOMAS, PM EGERTON, M PHILLIPS, AF KIM, KW BONVINI, E SAMELSON, LE TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE T-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR-P60FYN PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE ASSOCIATION BY CHEMICAL CROSS-LINKING SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIGITONIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION ID PHOSPHOLIPASE C-GAMMA-1; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; CD4 RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ZETA-CHAIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; ACTIVATION; P56LCK; STIMULATION AB Engagement of the TCR by specific antigen results in activation of a tyrosine kinase pathway. A candidate for the kinase responsible for the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation detected with T cell activation is p60fyn, a member of the src kinase family. In an earlier study [Samelson et al. (1990) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87:43581 this enzyme was co-immunoprecipitated with the TCR from T cells solubilized in digitonin. In that study a sensitive in vitro kinase assay was used to detect the associated p60fyn. It was subsequently found that the reproducibility of the interaction depended on lot-to-lot variations in digitonin. To eliminate the possibility that the association of antigen receptor and kinase is an artifact of solubilization with ill-defined digitonin preparations, a cross-linking protocol was developed to stabilize the interaction between the TCR and p60fyn. T cells were permeabilized with tetanolysin and proteins were cross-linked with the water soluble chemical cross-linker, 3,3' dithiobis(sulfosuccinimidylpropionate). These experiments allowed the confirmation of the interaction between the TCR, p60fyn, and several additional proteins. The cross-linking studies also enabled the mapping of the interaction of p60fyn and associated proteins to the TCR zeta-chain. This technique should have a general use in stabilizing interactions between other receptors and molecules required for intracellular signaling. C1 NICHHD,CELL BIOL & METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FDA,CBER,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 44 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 4 IS 11 BP 1211 EP 1217 DI 10.1093/intimm/4.11.1211 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JZ112 UT WOS:A1992JZ11200002 PM 1472474 ER PT J AU BLACK, PL HARTMANN, D PENNINGTON, R PHILLIPS, H SCHNEIDER, M TRIBBLE, HR TALMADGE, JE AF BLACK, PL HARTMANN, D PENNINGTON, R PHILLIPS, H SCHNEIDER, M TRIBBLE, HR TALMADGE, JE TI EFFECT OF TUMOR BURDEN AND ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION ON THE IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF POLYINOSINIC POLYCYTIDYLIC ACID STABILIZED WITH POLY-L-LYSINE IN CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE [POLY(I,C)-LC] SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MURINE OSTEOGENIC-SARCOMA; KILLER CELL ACTIVITY; I-C; INTERFERON INDUCERS; CANCER-PATIENTS; MICE; POLYRIBONUCLEOTIDES; AUGMENTATION; MACROPHAGES; METASTASIS AB We examined the immunomodulatory and therapeutic activities of poly(I,C) - LC. Mice received a subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of sufficient numbers of MBL-2 lymphoma cells to produce in 1 week either a high or low tumor burden. A week after tumor cell injection, poly(I,C) - LC treatment was initiated; the agent was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at 5 mg/kg twice a week or at 2.5 or 0.5 mg/kg every day or as an intravenous (i.v.) injection at 0.5, 0.05, or 0.005 mg/kg three times a week. Poly(I,C) - LC treatment significantly increased antitumor effector cell functions in a variety of organs (including spleen, lungs, and peritoneum), as shown by increased killing of MBL-2 cells in vitro and increased tumor cell killing by natural killer cells and macrophages. Furthermore, prolongation of survival correlated with peritoneal macrophage tumoricidal activity when poly(I,C) - LC was given i.p. and with pulmonary effector cell function (including natural killer, cytolytic T-lymphocyte and macrophage tumoricidal activity) when the agent was administered i.v. C1 NIPPON LAROCHE,KANAGAWA 247,JAPAN. NIH,FREDERICK CANC RES,PRECLIN SCREENING LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21702. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARMACEUT,KING OF PRUSSIA,PA 19406. UNIV NEBRASKA,MED CTR,OMAHA,NE 68198. RP BLACK, PL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,HFD 530,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Talmadge, James/A-5916-2008 OI Talmadge, James/0000-0002-6328-6056 FU PHS HHS [N01-23910] NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0192-0561 J9 INT J IMMUNOPHARMACO JI Int. J. Immunopharmacol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 14 IS 8 BP 1341 EP 1353 DI 10.1016/0192-0561(92)90005-6 PG 13 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JZ257 UT WOS:A1992JZ25700005 PM 1464467 ER PT J AU VOLPE, DA DU, DL ZURLO, MG MONGELLI, N MURPHY, MJ AF VOLPE, DA DU, DL ZURLO, MG MONGELLI, N MURPHY, MJ TI COMPARATIVE INVITRO MYELOTOXICITY OF FCE-24517, A DISTAMYCIN DERIVATIVE, TO HUMAN, CANINE AND MURINE HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS SO INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS LA English DT Article DE FCE-24517; MYELOTOXICITY; INVITRO; HUMAN; CANINE; MURINE ID EARLY CLINICAL-TRIALS; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; CONDITIONED MEDIUM; COLONY FORMATION; CULTURE SYSTEM; FCE 24517; CFU-E; DNA; TOXICOLOGY; BINDING AB FCE 24517, a derivative of distamycin A, exhibits an unusual antitumor profile in experimental models. As part of its preclinical development, we evaluated the in vitro myelotoxicity of FCE 24517 to human, canine and murine hematopoietic cells. Marrow cells were exposed to the agent (2.7 x 10(-5) - 2.7 nM) for 4 h and then assayed in capillary (human) or Petri dish (canine, murine) clonal cultures. FCE 24517 inhibited myeloid (CFU-gm), erythroid (BFU-e, CFU-e) and megakaryocytic (CFU-meg) colony formation in a concentration-dependent manner. The progenitor cells were generally similar in their response to FCE 24517 within a species. Comparing the different progenitor cell response to FCE 24517, canine CFU-gm and CFU-e were 26- to 221-fold more sensitive to this drug's toxic effects than their human and murine counterparts. This was demonstrated by extremely low IC70 values for the canine CFU-gm (0.001 nM) and CFU-e (0.007 nM). Murine progenitors displayed 1.3- to 10.9-times higher IC70 values than human CFU-gm, BFU-e and CFU-e following 4 hr exposure to FCE 24517. The data demonstrated that a mouse model may better predict human in vitro myelotoxicity to FCE 24517 than beagle dogs. C1 HIPPLE CANC RES CTR,4100 S KETTERING BLVD,DAYTON,OH 45439. FARMITALIA CARLO ERBA SPA,MILAN,ITALY. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. INST BASIC MED SCI,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6997 J9 INVEST NEW DRUG JI Invest. New Drugs PD NOV PY 1992 VL 10 IS 4 BP 255 EP 261 DI 10.1007/BF00944178 PG 7 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KF634 UT WOS:A1992KF63400002 PM 1487398 ER PT J AU BELLO, AC AF BELLO, AC TI RAPID ISOLATION OF THE STEROL FRACTION IN EDIBLE OILS USING A SILICA CARTRIDGE SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A commercial silica cartridge was used successfully to separate the fraction of the unsaponifiable components of edible oils containing the sterols and some related compounds. Analysis by gas chromatography indicates that there is good agreement between the results from samples obtained by the new rapid method and those isolated using the time-consuming thin-layer chromatographic technique. This paper presents comparison data for 7 vegetable oils (peanut, soy, corn, rapeseed, olive, sesame, and coconut), a 2-component blend (olive and soy), and a commercial milk product erroneously labeled cholesterol-free. RP BELLO, AC (reprint author), US FDA,US CUSTOMHOUSE,ROOM 900,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19106, USA. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1120 EP 1123 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JZ460 UT WOS:A1992JZ46000027 ER PT J AU MARKUS, JR ORANGERS, J AF MARKUS, JR ORANGERS, J TI ANIMAL DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP MARKUS, JR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1128 EP 1128 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JZ460 UT WOS:A1992JZ46000030 ER PT J AU MARKUS, J SHERMA, J AF MARKUS, J SHERMA, J TI METHOD-I - LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC FLUORESCENCE QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION OF ALBENDAZOLE RESIDUES IN CATTLE LIVER SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 LAFAYETTE COLL,DEPT CHEM,EASTON,PA 18042. RP MARKUS, J (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,CTR VET MED,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,7500 STANDISH PL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 2 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1129 EP 1134 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JZ460 UT WOS:A1992JZ46000031 ER PT J AU MARKUS, J SHERMA, J AF MARKUS, J SHERMA, J TI METHOD-II - GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC MASS-SPECTROMETRIC CONFIRMATORY METHOD FOR ALBENDAZOLE RESIDUES IN CATTLE LIVER SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article C1 LAFAYETTE COLL,DEPT CHEM,EASTON,PA 18042. RP MARKUS, J (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,CTR VET MED,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,7500 STANDISH PL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 2 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1135 EP 1137 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JZ460 UT WOS:A1992JZ46000032 ER PT J AU HAUSER, J LEVINE, AS ENNIS, DG CHUMAKOV, KM WOODGATE, R AF HAUSER, J LEVINE, AS ENNIS, DG CHUMAKOV, KM WOODGATE, R TI THE ENHANCED MUTAGENIC POTENTIAL OF THE MUCAB PROTEINS CORRELATES WITH THE HIGHLY EFFICIENT PROCESSING OF THE MUCA PROTEIN SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT MUTAGENESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; RECA PROTEIN; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; DNA-REPAIR; SOS MUTAGENESIS; UV-MUTAGENESIS; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; REPRESSOR CLEAVAGE; DEPENDENT CLEAVAGE AB Inducible mutagenesis in Escherichia coli requires the direct action of the chromosomally encoded UmuDC proteins or functional homologs found on certain naturally occurring plasmids. Although structurally similar, the five umu-like operons that have been characterized at the molecular level vary in their ability to enhance cellular and phage mutagenesis; of these operons, the mucAB genes from the N-group plasmid pKM101 are the most efficient at promoting mutagenesis. During the mutagenic process, UmuD is posttranslationally processed to an active form, UmuD'. To explain the more potent mutagenic efficiency of mucAB compared with that of umuDC it has been suggested that unlike UmuD, intact MucA is functional for mutagenesis. To examine this possibility, we have overproduced and purified the MucA protein. Although functionally similar to UmuD, MucA was cleaved much more rapidly both in vitro and in vivo than UmuD. In vivo, restoration of mutagenesis functions to normally nonmutable recA430, recA433, recA435, or recA730 DELTA(umuDC)595::cat strains by either MucA+ or mutant MucA protein correlated with the appearance of the cleavage product, MucA'. These results suggest that most of the differences in mutagenic phenotype exhibited by MucAB and UmuDC correlate with the efficiency of posttranslational processing of MucA and UmuD rather than an inherent activity of the unprocessed proteins. C1 NICHHD,VIRUSES & CELLULAR BIOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NICHHD,MOLEC GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 62 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 174 IS 21 BP 6844 EP 6851 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JW091 UT WOS:A1992JW09100016 PM 1400235 ER PT J AU MANCHCITRON, JN ALLEN, J MOOS, M LONDON, J AF MANCHCITRON, JN ALLEN, J MOOS, M LONDON, J TI THE GENE ENCODING A PREVOTELLA-LOESCHEII LECTIN-LIKE ADHESIN CONTAINS AN INTERRUPTED SEQUENCE WHICH CAUSES A FRAMESHIFT SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORAL BACTERIA; DNA; COAGGREGATIONS; HYBRIDIZATION; PURIFICATION; CLONING; VECTORS AB We cloned and sequenced the Prevotella loescheii gene plaA, which encodes a lectin-like adhesin that mediates the coaggregation of P. loescheii 1295 with Streptococcus oralis 34. A probe derived from the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified adhesin was used to identify the plaA gene from a P. loescheii genomic library constructed in lambda GEM-11. Sequence analysis of plaA indicates that the initial translation product contains a 22-amino-acid leader. The reading frame of the plaA gene is interrupted after amino acid 28 of the mature protein by a TAA termination codon. Amplification of the P. loescheii genomic DNA in the region surrounding this codon by the polymerase chain reaction followed by DNA sequencing of the cloned DNA fragment established that this stop codon was not an experimental artifact. A frameshift beginning 29 bp downstream of the ochre terminator was required to access the only large open reading frame in the gene. Amino acid sequences of six purified peptides derived by limited proteolysis of adhesin with endoproteinase Lys-C matched the downstream amino acid sequence derived by translation of the large open reading frame. The gene coding sequence of 2.4 kb contains sufficient information for the synthesis of an 89-kDa protein. A putative rho-independent terminator (DELTAG = -25.5 kcal/mol [ca. -107 kJ/mol]) was detected 38 bp downstream from the plaA stop codon. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP MANCHCITRON, JN (reprint author), NATL INST DENTAL RES,MICROBIAL ECOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Moos, Malcolm/F-3673-2011 OI Moos, Malcolm/0000-0002-9575-9938 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [5F32DEO5554] NR 27 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 174 IS 22 BP 7328 EP 7336 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JY560 UT WOS:A1992JY56000035 PM 1429455 ER PT J AU SHOMBERT, DG AF SHOMBERT, DG TI MEASUREMENT OF STEADY-FLOW INSTABILITY AND TURBULENCE LEVELS IN DACRON VASCULAR GRAFTS SO JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article ID HEART-VALVE PROSTHESES; VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION; PULSATILE FLOW; SHEAR; VICINITY AB Fluid dynamic properties of Dacron vascular grafts were studied under controlled steady-flow conditions over a Reynolds number range of 800 to 4500. Knitted and woven grafts having nominal diameters of 6 mm and 10 mm were studied. Thermal anemometry was used to measure centerline velocity at the downstream end of the graft, pressure drop across the graft was also measured. Transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow was observed, and turbulence intensity and turbulent stresses (Reynolds normal stresses) were measured in the turbulent regime. Knitted grafts were found to have greater pressure drop than the woven grafts, and one sample was found to have a critical Reynolds number (R(c)) of less than one-half the value of R(c) for a smooth-walled tube. RP SHOMBERT, DG (reprint author), US FDA, CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH, OFF SCI & TECHNOL, DIV PHYS SCI, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0148-0731 J9 J BIOMECH ENG-T ASME JI J. Biomech. Eng.-Trans. ASME PD NOV PY 1992 VL 114 IS 4 BP 521 EP 526 DI 10.1115/1.2894105 PG 6 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA KB055 UT WOS:A1992KB05500015 PM 1487906 ER PT J AU STORY, WC CARUSO, JA HEITKEMPER, DT PERKINS, L AF STORY, WC CARUSO, JA HEITKEMPER, DT PERKINS, L TI ELIMINATION OF THE CHLORIDE INTERFERENCE ON THE DETERMINATION OF ARSENIC USING HYDRIDE GENERATION INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GAS-LIQUID SEPARATOR; ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; POLYATOMIC ION INTERFERENCES; MEMBRANE GAS; SPECIATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION; SELENIUM C1 UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT CHEM,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. US FDA,NATL FORENS CHEM CTR,CINCINNATI,OH 45202. PROCTER & GAMBLE CO,MIAMI VALLEY LABS,CINCINNATI,OH 45247. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 03221, ES 04908] NR 21 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 2 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 30 IS 11 BP 427 EP 432 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA JX772 UT WOS:A1992JX77200001 PM 1474130 ER PT J AU SMITH, PD SAINI, SS RAFFELD, M MANISCHEWITZ, JF WAHL, SM AF SMITH, PD SAINI, SS RAFFELD, M MANISCHEWITZ, JF WAHL, SM TI CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INDUCTION OF TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA BY HUMAN MONOCYTES AND MUCOSAL MACROPHAGES SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; AIDS; HIV ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES; PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR; AIDS-RELATED COMPLEX; GENE-EXPRESSION; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; BOWEL NECROSIS; INTERLEUKIN-1; INFECTION; TYPE-1 AB Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major cause of inflammatory organ disease in immunosuppressed persons. To elucidate the mechanisms of CMV-induced inflammation, we investigated whether tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was involved in the pathogenesis of CMV colitis in patients with AIDS. In in situ hybridization experiments, TNF-alpha mRNA was shown to be abundantly present in colonic mucosa from AIDS patients with CMV colitis but not in colonic mucosa from control (AIDS and normal) subjects. The TNF-alpha transcripts, identified in macrophage-like cells containing cytomegalic inclusions, were positively associated with CMV, but not HIV-1, within the mucosa. In in vitro experiments, a patient-derived isolate of CMV, but not HIV-1Ba-L, induced human monocytes to express TNF-alpha mRNA and to release increased levels of TNF-alpha peptide following stimulation. CMV induction of TNF-alpha may play a critical role in CMV-induced inflammation and, since TNF-alpha upregulates expression of HIV-1, offers a mechanism by which CMV could serve as a co-factor for HIV-1 expression without both viruses infecting the same cell. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,PATHOL LAB,HEMATOPATHOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP SMITH, PD (reprint author), NIDR,IMMUNOL LAB,CELLULAR IMMUNOL SECT,BLDG 30,ROOM 322,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 49 TC 122 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 90 IS 5 BP 1642 EP 1648 DI 10.1172/JCI116035 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA JZ475 UT WOS:A1992JZ47500002 PM 1331170 ER PT J AU FENG, P AF FENG, P TI COMMERCIAL ASSAY SYSTEMS FOR DETECTING FOODBORNE SALMONELLA - A REVIEW SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CONVENTIONAL CULTURE PROCEDURE; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID HYBRIDIZATION; NATURALLY CONTAMINATED FOODS; RAPID SCREENING METHOD; GRID MEMBRANE-FILTER; 1-2 TEST SYSTEM; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; ICE NUCLEATION; EF-18 AGAR AB Recent advances in diagnostic technology have dramatically altered testing methods for foodborne Salmonella. Many commercial assay systems and kits that use newer technologies are now available to facilitate the identification of Salmonella in foods. These systems include miniaturized biochemical tests, new media formulations, automated instrumentation, DNA probe- and antibody-dependent assays. The technologies used for each system, except miniaturized biochemical tests, are described, and the various assay kit formats are compared. A selected number of comparative studies using foods are discussed. Most commercial assay systems are rapid, simple, and equally as sensitive as standard methods for the detection of Salmonella species. RP FENG, P (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 45 TC 69 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 55 IS 11 BP 927 EP 934 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA JY442 UT WOS:A1992JY44200018 ER PT J AU MORRIS, SL NAIR, J ROUSE, DA AF MORRIS, SL NAIR, J ROUSE, DA TI THE CATALASE-PEROXIDASE OF MYCOBACTERIUM-INTRACELLULARE - NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS AND EXPRESSION IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AVIUM COMPLEX INFECTION; VACCINATED GUINEA-PIGS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TUBERCULOSIS; BCG; GENE; CLONING AB The activation of catalase genes in response to oxidative stress may contribute to the intracellular survival of mycobacteria. In this report, the nucleotide sequence of a mycobacterial catalase gene is described. The deduced protein sequence of this Mycobacterium intracellulare gene (MI85) was 60% identical to the Escherichia coli hydroperoxidase I (HPI) protein, 59% identical to the Salmonella typhimurium (HPI) catalase, and 47% identical to a Bacillus stearothermophilus peroxidase. The MI85 protein, expressed in E. coli, has also been shown to have peroxidase and catalase activities. Furthermore, Southern blot hybridizations, which demonstrated that a MI85 gene probe hybridizes with chromosomal DNA from thirteen different strains of mycobacteria, suggest that this catalase-peroxidase gene is prevalent in the mycobacterial genus. The availability of catalase gene probes should permit an evaluation, at the molecular level, of the role of catalase in mycobacterial pathogenesis. RP MORRIS, SL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MYCOBACTERIA LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 38 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA HARVEST HOUSE 62 LONDON ROAD, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 5AS SN 0022-1287 J9 J GEN MICROBIOL JI J. Gen. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 138 BP 2363 EP 2370 PN 11 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA JY118 UT WOS:A1992JY11800014 PM 1336034 ER PT J AU GABRIELSEN, B MONATH, TP HUGGINS, JW KEFAUVER, DF PETTIT, GR GROSZEK, G HOLLINGSHEAD, M KIRSI, JJ SHANNON, WM SCHUBERT, EM DARE, J UGARKAR, B USSERY, MA PHELAN, MJ AF GABRIELSEN, B MONATH, TP HUGGINS, JW KEFAUVER, DF PETTIT, GR GROSZEK, G HOLLINGSHEAD, M KIRSI, JJ SHANNON, WM SCHUBERT, EM DARE, J UGARKAR, B USSERY, MA PHELAN, MJ TI ANTIVIRAL (RNA) ACTIVITY OF SELECTED AMARYLLIDACEAE ISOQUINOLINE CONSTITUENTS AND SYNTHESIS OF RELATED SUBSTANCES SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY; RAUSCHER LEUKEMIA; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; ALKALOIDS; RIBAVIRIN; LYCORINE; (+)-LYCORICIDINE; (+/-)-LYCORINE; SELENAZOFURIN AB A series of 23 Amaryllidaceae isoquinoline alkaloids and related synthetic analogues were isolated or synthesized and subsequently evaluated in cell culture against the RNA-containing flaviviruses (Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever, and dengue viruses), bunyaviruses (Punta Toro, sandfly fever, and Rift Valley fever viruses), alphavirus (Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus), lentivirus (human immunodeficiency virus-type 1) and the DNA-containing vaccinia virus. Narciclasine [1], lycoricidine [2], pancratistatin [4], 7-deoxypancratistatin [5], and acetates 6-8, isonarciclasine [13a], cis-dihydronarciclasine [14a], trans-dihydronarciclasine [15a], their 7-deoxy analogues 13b-15b, lycorines 16 and 17, and pretazettine [18] exhibited consistent in vitro activity against all three flaviviruses and against the bunyaviruses, Punta Toro and Rift Valley fever virus. Activity against sandfly fever virus was only observed with 7-deoxy analogues. In most cases, however, selectivity of the active compounds was low, with toxicity in uninfected cells (TC50) occurring at concentrations within 10-fold that of the viral inhibitory concentrations (IC50). No activity was observed against human immunodeficiency virus-type 1, Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus, or vaccinia viruses. Pancratistatin [4] and its 7-deoxy analogue 5 were evaluated in two murine Japanese encephalitis mouse models (differing in viral dose challenge, among other factors). In two experiments (low LD50 viral challenge, variant I), prophylactic administration of 4 at 4 and 6 mg/kg/day (2% EtOH/saline, sc, once daily for 7 days, day -1 to +5) increased survival of Japanese-encephalitis-virus-infected mice to 100% and 90%, respectively. In the same model, prophylactic administration of 5 at 40 mg/kg/day in hydroxypropylcellulose (sc, once daily for 7 days, day -1 to +5) increased survival of Japanese-encephalitis-virus-infected mice to 80%. In a second variant (high LD50 viral challenge), administration of 4 at 6 mg/kg/day (ip, twice daily for 9 days, day -1 to +7) resulted in a 50% survival rate. In all cases, there was no survival in the diluent-treated control mice. Thus, 4 and 5 demonstrated activity in mice infected with Japanese encephalitis virus but only at near toxic concentrations. To our knowledge, however, this represents a rare demonstration of chemotherapeutic efficacy (by a substance other than an interferon inducer) in a Japanese-encephalitis-virus-infected mouse model. C1 USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FT DETRICK,FREDERICK,MD 21702. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,TEMPE,AZ 85287. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,CANC RES INST,TEMPE,AZ 85287. SO RES INST,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35255. PHARMECO LABS,SIMI VALLEY,CA 93065. US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. NR 56 TC 164 Z9 168 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOGNOSY PI CINCINNATI PA LLOYD LIBRARY & MUSEUM 917 PLUM ST, CINCINNATI, OH 45202 SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 55 IS 11 BP 1569 EP 1581 DI 10.1021/np50089a003 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JZ557 UT WOS:A1992JZ55700003 PM 1336040 ER PT J AU BENDER, MM DERBY, BM AF BENDER, MM DERBY, BM TI PREVALENCE OF READING NUTRITION AND INGREDIENT INFORMATION ON FOOD LABELS AMONG ADULT AMERICANS - 1982-1988 SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION LA English DT Article AB Comparisons of five Food and Drug Administration Health and Diet Surveys conducted in the 1980s provide estimates of the numbers of consumers who report that they pay attention to ingredient lists and nutrition labels and identify trends based on replicated measures. Recent estimates indicate that more than four out of five U.S. consumers report that they pay attention to one or both types of label information, with just under three-fourths reporting use of each individual information source. There was no net increase in consumer use of the food label ingredient list from 1982 to 1986, but use of the nutrition label increased significantly. Consumers who use both types of labels are more likely to be young (25-34), white, female, better educated, and to follow a self-initiated or doctor-prescribed low-sodium or low-cholesterol diet. Educators now face a challenge-to address remaining knowledge gaps, particularly among population groups who are less likely to use labels, and to develop practical strategies to help all consumers make more effective use of food label information in dietary management. RP BENDER, MM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONSUMER STUDIES,200 C ST,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 6 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0022-3182 J9 J NUTR EDUC JI J. Nutr. Educ. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 24 IS 6 BP 292 EP 297 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Education & Educational Research; Nutrition & Dietetics GA KF652 UT WOS:A1992KF65200002 ER PT J AU CARROLL, GJ THURNAU, RC LEE, JW WATERLAND, LR DELLINGER, B TAYLOR, PH AF CARROLL, GJ THURNAU, RC LEE, JW WATERLAND, LR DELLINGER, B TAYLOR, PH TI PILOT-SCALE EVALUATION OF AN INCINERABILITY RANKING SYSTEM FOR HAZARDOUS ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) hazardous waste incinerator performance standards specify a minimum destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) for principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) designated in the incinerator waste feed. In the past, selection of appropriate POHCs for incinerator trial burns has been based largely on their heats of combustion. Attempting to improve upon this approach, the University of Dayton Research Institute (UDRI), under contract to the EPA Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, has developed a thermal stability-based ranking of compound "incinerability". The subject study was conducted to evaluate the laboratory-developed ranking system in a pilot-scale incinerator. Mixtures of POHCs, spanning the ranking scale from most- to least-difficult to destroy (Class 1 to Class 7, respectively), were prepared and combined with a clay-based sorbent matrix. These mixtures were then fed into the rotary kiln incineration system at the U.S. EPA Incineration Research Facility (IRF). In a series of five tests, the following conditions were evaluated: baseline/typical operation; thermal failure (quenching); mixing failure (overcharging); matrix failure (low feed H/Cl ratio); and a worst-case combination of the three failure modes. Under baseline conditions, mixing failure, and matrix failure, kiln-exit DREs for each compound were comparable from test to test. Operating conditions in these 3 modes appeared to be sufficient to effect considerable destruction (greater than 99.99 percent DRE) of all compounds. As a result, separation of the highest-ranked POHCs from the lowest-ranked POHCs according to observed DRE was not possible; a correlation between POHC ranking and DRE could not be confirmed. A correlation between predicted and observed incinerability was more evident for the thermal failure and worst-case conditions. Kiln-exit DREs for the four POHCs predicted to be most stable (those in Classes 1 and 2) ranged from 99% to 99.99% under these conditions, and were generally lower than DREs for the POHCs predicted to be more easily destroyed. Statistically-significant correlations above the 99 percent and 93 percent confidence intervals were identified for the thermal-failure and worst-case tests, respectively. C1 NCTR,IRF,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. ACUREX CORP,JEFFERSON,AK. UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DIV MAT ENGN,ENVIRONM SCI GRP,DAYTON,OH 45469. RP CARROLL, GJ (reprint author), US EPA,RISK REDUCT ENGN LAB,CINCINNATI,OH 45268, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA PO BOX 2861, PITTSBURGH, PA 15230 SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 42 IS 11 BP 1430 EP 1436 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA JZ291 UT WOS:A1992JZ29100005 ER PT J AU SCHOEN, FJ LEVY, RJ HILBERT, SL BIANCO, RW AF SCHOEN, FJ LEVY, RJ HILBERT, SL BIANCO, RW TI ANTIMINERALIZATION TREATMENTS FOR BIOPROSTHETIC HEART-VALVES - ASSESSMENT OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY SO JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BOVINE PERICARDIUM; DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION; FAILURE; MINERALIZATION; MECHANISMS; PREVENTION; FIXATION; MODEL AB Since calcification limits the durability of contemporary bioprosthetic heart valves, antimineralization treatments are being widely investigated. Potential antimineralization treatments must have sustained prevention of mineralization without adverse effects. The preclinical investigation of efficacy and safety of antimineralization treatments comprises four essential steps: (1) subcutaneous implantation in small animals, (2) in vitro biomechanical studies of hemodynamics and durability, (3) morphology of unimplanted valves, and (4) circulatory implants in large animals. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,ANN ARBOR,MI 48104. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT COMMUNICABLE DIS,ANN ARBOR,MI 48104. UNIV MICHIGAN,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACEUT,ANN ARBOR,MI 48104. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT SURG,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP SCHOEN, FJ (reprint author), BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,75 FRANCIS ST,BOSTON,MA 02115, USA. NR 29 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-5223 J9 J THORAC CARDIOV SUR JI J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 104 IS 5 BP 1285 EP 1288 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA JX174 UT WOS:A1992JX17400016 PM 1434707 ER PT J AU PEGUES, DA BECKSAGUE, CM WOOLLEN, SW GREENSPAN, B BURNS, SM BLAND, LA ARDUINO, MJ FAVERO, MS MACKOW, RC JARVIS, WR AF PEGUES, DA BECKSAGUE, CM WOOLLEN, SW GREENSPAN, B BURNS, SM BLAND, LA ARDUINO, MJ FAVERO, MS MACKOW, RC JARVIS, WR TI ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH REUSE OF HOLLOW-FIBER HEMODIALYZERS AND ACE INHIBITORS SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CONVERTING-ENZYME INHIBITORS; FLUX MEMBRANE DIALYSIS; ANAPHYLATOXIN FORMATION; COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION; DIALYZER; HYPERSENSITIVITY; MECHANISMS AB From July 18 through November 27, 1989, 12 anaphylactoid reactions (ARs) occurred in 10 patients at a hemodialysis center in Virginia. One patient required hospitalization; no patients died. ARs occurred within minutes of initiating dialysis and were characterized by peripheral numbness and tingling, laryngeal edema or angioedema, facial or generalized sensation of warmth, and/or nausea or vomiting. All 12 ARs occurred with dialyzers that had been reprocessed with an automated reprocessing system. A cohort study, including all patients undergoing dialysis sessions on the six days when an AR occurred, showed that the patients who experienced ARs were significantly more likely than patients who did not to be treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (7/10 vs. 3/33; relative risk = 7.9; 95% confidence interval = 2.5 to 25.2) and to have been exposed to reused dialyzers rather than to new dialyzers (12/70 sessions vs. 0/31; P = 0.016). In those sessions using a reused dialyzer, the mean number of dialyzer uses in case-sessions was significantly higher than for noncase-sessions (10.3 vs. 6.2; P = 0.016). After reuse of dialyzers was discontinued at the center, no further ARs occurred, despite the continued administration of ACE inhibitors. This is the first report of an outbreak of ARs associated exclusively with reused dialyzers. We hypothesize that interactions between a dialyzer that has been repeatedly reprocessed and reused, blood, and additional factors, such as ACE inhibitors, increased the risk of developing ARs. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,HOSP INFECT PROGRAM,MAILSTOP A07,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,FAIRFAX,VA. CONTINENTAL DIALYSIS SPRINGFIELD FAIRFAX,SPRINGFIELD,VA. RI Arduino, Matthew/C-1461-2012 OI Arduino, Matthew/0000-0001-7072-538X NR 33 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1232 EP 1237 DI 10.1038/ki.1992.409 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA JR518 UT WOS:A1992JR51800022 PM 1453608 ER PT J AU CHIARELLI, MP LAY, JO AF CHIARELLI, MP LAY, JO TI MASS-SPECTROMETRY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CARCINOGEN-DNA ADDUCTS SO MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT; CALF THYMUS DNA; DESORPTION CHEMICAL IONIZATION; BENZOPYRENE DIOL EPOXIDE; NUCLEIC-ACID COMPONENTS; INVITRO REACTION; REACTION-PRODUCTS; PHOSPHORAMIDE MUSTARD; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT CHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 141 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0277-7037 J9 MASS SPECTROM REV JI Mass Spectrom. Rev. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 11 IS 6 BP 447 EP 493 DI 10.1002/mas.1280110602 PG 47 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA KH559 UT WOS:A1992KH55900001 ER PT J AU JUDDE, JG MAX, EE AF JUDDE, JG MAX, EE TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HUMAN-IMMUNOGLOBULIN KAPPA GENE 3 ENHANCER - FUNCTIONAL IMPORTANCE OF 3 MOTIFS THAT DEMONSTRATE B-CELL-SPECIFIC INVIVO FOOTPRINTS SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIGATION MEDIATED PCR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; DNA-SEQUENCE; SITE; EXPRESSION; REPRESSOR; ELEMENT; REGION; BINDS; NUCLEOSOMES AB Using a combination of in vivo footprinting and site-directed mutagenesis, we have functionally characterized an enhancer located 12 kb downstream of the human immunoglobulin kappa constant-region gene. The core enhancer region is highly homologous to the murine 3'kappa enhancer. However, in addition to two regulatory elements homologous to the functional motifs of the murine enhancer, we find a third positive regulatory element in the human enhancer. This element is associated with an 11/12-bp direct repeat (DR) that is well conserved in the murine locus but was not recognized as functionally important in the murine enhancer. Mutation of any of the three motifs of the human enhancer decreases its activity to 3 to 20% of the wild-type level, indicating cooperative interaction between these elements. The DR motif does not resemble any known enhancer element and does not appear to function as a transcriptional activator on its own when present in multiple copies. Interestingly, nuclear extracts from both B- and T-cell lines contain factors binding to DR in vitro, but in vivo footprinting shows no evidence of protein-DNA binding in the T-cell line. This finding suggests that an additional regulatory mechanism, such as the effect of chromatin configuration on accessibility, may be involved in the B-cell-restricted activity of the human 3'kappa enhancer. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 34 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 12 IS 11 BP 5206 EP 5216 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA JT845 UT WOS:A1992JT84500042 PM 1406692 ER PT J AU MELLERICK, DM KASSIS, JA ZHANG, SD ODENWALD, WF AF MELLERICK, DM KASSIS, JA ZHANG, SD ODENWALD, WF TI CASTOR ENCODES A NOVEL ZINC FINGER PROTEIN REQUIRED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUBSET OF CNS NEURONS IN DROSOPHILA SO NEURON LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MEDIATED ENHANCER DETECTION; GROWTH CONE GUIDANCE; GENE FUSHI-TARAZU; EARLY NEUROGENESIS; NUCLEAR-PROTEIN; MESSENGER-RNA; NOTCH LOCUS; CELL FATES; MELANOGASTER AB Using an enhancer detection screen, we have identified castor, a new gene required for embryonic CNS development in Drosophila. Embryos that lack castor expression have a diminished CNS axonal network and express engrailed aberrantly late in CNS development. castor is unique among the previously described genes involved in Drosophila neurogenesis in that its expression is restricted to a subset of delaminated CNS neuroblasts and to ventral midline glial precursor cells. The putative castor gene product contains a novel zinc-binding domain and multiple transcriptional activation domains, suggesting that it acts as a transcription factor necessary for the development of a subset of CNS neuronal precursors. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20205. RP MELLERICK, DM (reprint author), NINCDS,NEUROCHEM LAB,NEUROGENET UNIT,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Kassis, Judith/0000-0001-9268-3213 NR 67 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1050 MASSACHUSETTES AVE, CIRCULATION DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 SN 0896-6273 J9 NEURON JI Neuron PD NOV PY 1992 VL 9 IS 5 BP 789 EP 803 DI 10.1016/0896-6273(92)90234-5 PG 15 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA JY552 UT WOS:A1992JY55200001 PM 1418995 ER PT J AU SCHANTZ, SL FERGUSON, SA BOWMAN, RE AF SCHANTZ, SL FERGUSON, SA BOWMAN, RE TI EFFECTS OF 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN ON BEHAVIOR OF MONKEYS IN PEER GROUPS SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN; TCDD; MONKEY; PERINATAL EXPOSURE; PEER GROUP SOCIAL BEHAVIOR ID DELAYED SPATIAL ALTERNATION; POSTNATAL LEAD-EXPOSURE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; TOXICITY; TCDD; TRILLION; PLACENTA; PARTS; MILK; PLAY AB Adult female rhesus monkeys were fed diets containing 0, 5, or 25 ppt 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) for approximately 4 years. They were bred to unexposed males during TCDD exposure (Experiment 1) and again after TCDD exposure ended (Experiment 2). Offspring from both experiments were weaned at 4 months and socialized for 1.5 h/day in groups of four monkeys each beginning at approximately 8 months of age. Each social group contained both control and TCDD-exposed monkeys. In Experiment 2, the offspring were later placed in new social groups containing only monkeys from the same TCDD exposure condition. The TCDD-exposed offspring born concurrent with maternal TCDD exposure (Experiment 1) initiated more rough-tumble play, retreated less during play bouts, and were less often displaced from preferred positions in the playroom. They also engaged in more self-directed behaviors. The behavior of offspring born after maternal TCDD exposure ended (Experiment 2) was not altered when they were socialized with control monkeys. However, some behavioral changes did emerge when they were placed in social groups containing only TCDD-''posed monkeys. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV WISCONSIN,HARLOW PRIMATE LAB,MADISON,WI 53715. RP SCHANTZ, SL (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,INST ENVIRONM STUDIES,1101 W PEABODY,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES07015, ES05377] NR 39 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 14 IS 6 BP 433 EP 446 DI 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90054-E PG 14 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA KE163 UT WOS:A1992KE16300008 PM 1488038 ER PT J AU CHEN, ML AF CHEN, ML TI AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH FOR ASSESSMENT OF RATE OF ABSORPTION IN BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDIES SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE BIOEQUIVALENCE; ABSORPTION RATE; PARTIAL AUC; TRUNCATED AUC; PEAK CONCENTRATION; TIME TO PEAK ID BIOAVAILABILITY AB The partial area method was investigated for evaluation of equivalency in the rate of absorption of immediate release formulations. The applicability of the method was demonstrated with four drugs with different pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics. The confidence interval approach currently employed for bioequivalence determinations was applied to the relevant absorption parameters, including C(max) and partial AUCs. The method was found to be more discriminating than C(max) and/or T(max) in the evaluation of the absorption rate of drugs. The cutoff time or point for partial AUC calculation may vary with the type of drug under study, depending on its clinical use and onset of action. The method was shown to be useful in the assessment of rate of absorption in bioequivalence studies. RP CHEN, ML (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF GENER DRUGS,DIV BIOEQUIVALENCE,HFD-655,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 14 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 9 IS 11 BP 1380 EP 1385 DI 10.1023/A:1015842425553 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA KB024 UT WOS:A1992KB02400002 PM 1475222 ER PT J AU BICKEL, M IWAI, Y PLUZNIK, DH COHEN, RB AF BICKEL, M IWAI, Y PLUZNIK, DH COHEN, RB TI BINDING OF SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC PROTEINS TO THE ADENOSINE-RICH PLUS URIDINE-RICH SEQUENCES OF THE MURINE GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR MESSENGER-RNA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID 3' UNTRANSLATED REGION; CELLS; EXPRESSION; STABILITY; IDENTIFICATION; LYMPHOKINE; CYTOKINE; INVITRO AB Adenosine + uridine (AU)-rich sequences in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the mRNA of many cytokines and oncogenes play an important role in mediating RNA degradation. Among the cytokines containing such AU-rich sequences in their 3'UTR is the hematopoietic growth factor granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). GM-CSF gene expression in T cells is regulated by modulation of mRNA half-life. Transfection studies using murine EL-4 thymoma cells have demonstrated that degradation depends on the presence of specific elements in the 3'UTR, including the AU-rich sequences. A number of AU-binding factors have recently been discovered, suggesting that specific regulation may occur through specific protein-mRNA interaction(s). We present evidence from gel-shift analyses and label-transfer experiments that murine cells contain proteins that bind specifically to AU-rich sequences. Three major proteins of 33, 39.5, and 42 kDa are detected. Phorbol ester treatment of cells does not alter the abundance or apparent binding affinity of the proteins. The 33-kDa protein is present in the cytoplasm of murine and human cells, whereas the 39.5- and 42-kDa proteins are present in murine extracts only. Constitutively expressed AU-binding proteins of the type that we describe may function by directing mRNA degradation in the absence of a stimulus to the contrary. C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV CYTOKINE BIOL, BETHESDA, MD 20014 USA. RP UNIV BERN, SCH DENT MED, CH-3000 BERN, SWITZERLAND. NR 25 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 1 PY 1992 VL 89 IS 21 BP 10001 EP 10005 DI 10.1073/pnas.89.21.10001 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JW798 UT WOS:A1992JW79800006 PM 1438189 ER PT J AU DOERGE, DR BAJIC, S AF DOERGE, DR BAJIC, S TI ANALYSIS OF PESTICIDES USING LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE CHEMICAL IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article AB Seventeen pesticides in five chemical classes (triazines, phenylureas, carbamates, organophosphates, miscellaneous) from the US Environmental Protection Agency's National Pesticide Survey of groundwater contaminants were selected for analysis by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI-MS). The spectra obtained from most compounds consisted solely of [M + H]+ in positive-ion mode. One example, p-nitrophenol produced only the [M - H]- ion in negative-ion mode. Increasing the potential on the sampling cone effected voltage-dependent fragmentation of all carbamates and alachlor to form diagnostic daughter ions. Detection limits (Limit of detection (LOD), signal-to-noise ratio = 3) in full-scan or selected-ion monitoring mode varied from 0.8-10 ng or 0.01-1 ng, respectively, and calibration curves were highly linear from the LOD to 100 ng. Mobile phase composition (50-100% acetonitrile in water) and flow rate (0.25 and 1.25 mL/min) had small effects on sensitivity of response. These results suggest that the sensitivity of APCI-MS is affected less than that for thermospray and particle beam LC/MS by chemical differences in analyte structure for the pesticide classes tested. The low detection limits, high degree of linearity, the ability to produce diagnostic fragment ions using cone voltage fragmentation and the inter-class versatility suggest that APCI is a valuable technique for multi-residue confirmations of pesticides in groundwater. C1 VG BIOTECH,ALTRINCHAM WA14 5RZ,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. RP DOERGE, DR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 14 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 4 U2 13 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 6 IS 11 BP 663 EP 666 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290061107 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA JY584 UT WOS:A1992JY58400006 ER PT J AU ABIAN, J STONE, A MORROW, MG CREER, MH FINK, LM LAY, JO AF ABIAN, J STONE, A MORROW, MG CREER, MH FINK, LM LAY, JO TI THERMOSPRAY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF CYCLOSPORINS SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-BLOOD; METABOLITES; ELUCIDATION AB The cyclic undecapeptides cyclosporin (Csp) A, CspD and dihydro CspC (HCspC) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography/thermospray-mass spectrometry (HPLC/TSP-MS) on line with a UV detector. Positive ion partial (1000-1300 u) mass spectra of these compounds could be obtained with 1-2 pmol injected on column. Mass spectra were characterized by signals corresponding to the [M + H]+ ion as well as fragment ions derived from the loss of 112 (CspA and CspD) or 44, 114 and 114 + 44 (HCspC) mass units from the parent ion. The same qualitative profile was observed for negative-ion acquisition where the ions were formed by proton abstraction. The application of the technique to the characterization of CspA and its major hydroxylated and dealkylated metabolites in human blood samples is presented. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. JOHN L MCCLELLAN VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,DIV TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011; Abian, Joaquin/M-1965-2014 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527; Abian, Joaquin/0000-0003-2823-5429 NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD NOV PY 1992 VL 6 IS 11 BP 684 EP 689 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290061111 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA JY584 UT WOS:A1992JY58400010 PM 1467551 ER PT J AU YEI, S YU, MW TANKERSLEY, DL AF YEI, S YU, MW TANKERSLEY, DL TI PARTITIONING OF HEPATITIS-C VIRUS DURING COHN-ONCLEY FRACTIONATION OF PLASMA SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CHRONIC NON-A; INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN; VIRAL-RNA; ANTIBODY; GENOME; HEMOPHILIACS; SEQUENCES AB Because of concern about the safety of immune globulins with respect to transmission of hepatitis C, the partitioning of hepatitis C virus (HCV) during alcohol fractionation of a plasma pool prepared exclusively from anti-HCV-reactive donations was examined. Quantitation of HCV RNA was accomplished by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at limiting dilutions. One PCR unit was arbitrarily defined as the minimum amount of HCV-RNA from which an amplified product could be detected. The starting plasma pool contained 1.4 x 10(5) PCR units per mL. Most of the HCV RNA was found in cryoprecipitate and in Cohn fractions I and III, but it was also detected in fraction II, which is used for immunoglobulin G preparations. A 3.4-percent solution of IgG prepared from this fraction II contained 30 PCR units per mL. The fractionation process leading to immune globulin resulted in overall reduction in HCV RNA by a factor of 4.7 x 10(4). Although the presence of HCV RNA in the final product does not necessarily imply the presence of infectious virus, this work suggests that the safety of immune globulins with respect to HCV transmission is not due solely to the partitioning of HCV away from the immunoglobulin fraction. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,PLASMA DERIVATIVES LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 24 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 32 IS 9 BP 824 EP 828 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1992.32993110753.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA KC094 UT WOS:A1992KC09400007 PM 1335184 ER PT J AU FENG, P KEASLER, SP HILL, WE AF FENG, P KEASLER, SP HILL, WE TI DIRECT IDENTIFICATION OF YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA IN BLOOD BY POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION AMPLIFICATION SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID THERMOSTABLE DNA-POLYMERASE; TRANSFUSION; SEPSIS; PROBE; GENE AB Primers based on the nucleotide sequence of the virF gene in the pYV plasmid and the chromosomal ail gene were used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications to directly, identify Yersinia enterocolitica in blood. Approximately 500 bacteria seeded into 100 muL of blood can be extracted and amplified by PCR to yield positive results. PCR analyses of seven Y. enterocolitica isolates previously implicated in blood contaminations showed that only one isolate harbored the plasmid-borne virF gene; however, all seven isolates were identified effectively by the PCR product amplified from the chromosomal gene. The PCR assay has the potential for use in the identification of Y. enterocolitica contamination in stored units of blood or in the rapid diagnosis of transfusion-related bacteremia caused by Y. enterocolitica. RP FENG, P (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 25 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD NOV-DEC PY 1992 VL 32 IS 9 BP 850 EP 854 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1992.32993110759.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA KC094 UT WOS:A1992KC09400015 PM 1471250 ER PT J AU RONG, Y LEE, N LIANG, SM AF RONG, Y LEE, N LIANG, SM TI ANALYSIS OF IL-2 FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE BY MULTIPLE CYSTEINE SUBSTITUTIONS SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-2; T-CELLS; B-CELLS; RECEPTOR; INVITRO; LYMPHOCYTES; MUTAGENESIS; RESIDUES; ANTIGEN; GROWTH RP RONG, Y (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOLOGICS EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD OCT 30 PY 1992 VL 188 IS 2 BP 949 EP 955 DI 10.1016/0006-291X(92)91147-I PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JV618 UT WOS:A1992JV61800067 PM 1445335 ER PT J AU BALINT, E GRIMLEY, PM MICHALIC, R ASZALOS, A AF BALINT, E GRIMLEY, PM MICHALIC, R ASZALOS, A TI MODULATION OF THE ANTIPROLIFERATIVE SIGNAL OF INTERFERON-ALPHA BY TAMOXIFEN IN U937 CELLS SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE INTERFERON-ALPHA; TAMOXIFEN; U937 CELLS; ANTIPROLIFERATIVE SIGNAL ID PROTEIN-KINASE-C; INDUCTION; BINDING; ACTIVATION; RECEPTORS; GAMMA; BRAIN AB Several clinical protocols are attempting to utilize the combined anti-proliferative signal of interferon-alpha (INF-alpha) and tamoxifen on cancer cells. We demonstrated here that the effect of these two agents on the growth of the premacrophage U937 cells is antagonistic. This antagonistic effect is paralleled by the ability of tamoxifen to modulate the INF-alpha-induced hyperpolarization in these cells. INF-alpha-induced hyperpolarization was shown before to be an integral part of the anti-proliferative signal of this agent. Tamoxifen liberates Ca2+ from intracellular stores of U937 cells but this effect of the drug is not the cause of its antagonistic effect with the anti-proliferative signal of IFN-alpha. We suggest therefore, that the combined effect of these two anti-cancer drugs could also be advantageous for macrophage proliferation. C1 ATTILA JOZSEF UNIV,INST BIOPHYS,H-6701 SZEGED,HUNGARY. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NATL INST HAEMATOL,BUDAPEST,HUNGARY. RP BALINT, E (reprint author), US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD OCT 30 PY 1992 VL 67 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1016/0304-3835(92)90003-E PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JZ550 UT WOS:A1992JZ55000002 PM 1423240 ER PT J AU HOLCOMB, M WILSON, DM TRUCKSESS, MW THOMPSON, HC AF HOLCOMB, M WILSON, DM TRUCKSESS, MW THOMPSON, HC TI DETERMINATION OF AFLATOXINS IN FOOD-PRODUCTS BY CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POST-COLUMN DERIVATIZATION; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; GEL-PACKED FLOWCELL; PEANUT BUTTER; POSTCOLUMN DERIVATIZATION; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Several chromatographic methods for the determination of aflatoxins in agricultural and food products are reviewed. During the past two decades, identification and determination of aflatoxins were done by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) because it was easy, fast and inexpensive. However, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using fluorescence detection is now the method of choice for determining aflatoxins and is also growing in popularity for their identification. The reasons for selecting HPLC over TLC can be summarized as the ability to analyze for a wide variety of compounds, including compounds that are easily degraded by heat, light or air, the ease of adaptation to confirmatory procedures, the potential for automation and the dramatic improvement in instrumentation, including the development of increasingly sensitive fluorescence and electrochemical detectors and short, high-resolution, reversed-phase columns. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,COLL AGR,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,TIFTON,GA 31793. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP HOLCOMB, M (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 94 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR PD OCT 30 PY 1992 VL 624 IS 1-2 BP 341 EP 352 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(92)85687-O PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KE610 UT WOS:A1992KE61000019 PM 1494012 ER PT J AU PERSHING, LK LAMBERT, LD SHAH, VP LAM, SY AF PERSHING, LK LAMBERT, LD SHAH, VP LAM, SY TI VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF CHROMAMETER AND TAPE-STRIPPING METHODS WITH THE VISUAL SKIN BLANCHING ASSAY IN THE QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF TOPICAL 0.05-PERCENT BETAMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE BIOAVAILABILITY IN HUMANS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS LA English DT Article DE TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROID; BIOEQUIVALENCE; HUMAN SKIN; VASOCONSTRICTION ID COMPARATIVE BIO-AVAILABILITY; CORTICOSTEROID PREPARATIONS; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; VASOCONSTRICTOR ASSAYS; CREAMS; OINTMENTS; RESERVOIR; EFFICACY AB Bioavailability between five commercial 0.05% betamethasone diproprionate formulations in human skin is demonstrated with three methods; visual skin blanching, tape-stripping and a chromameter. Reproducibility of each method is evaluated for both intra- and inter-subject variability. The variability (coefficient of variation) in the intra-subject studies is consistently less than that in the inter-Subject studies for all methods evaluated. The variability in the subjective visual skin blanching assay increases as a function of time. Variability in the tape-stripping technique performed at one time point only ranges from 7 to 30% in the intra-subject study to greater than 70% in the inter-subject study. Variability in the a scale on the chromamater is consistent over time (approx. 24%). The b scale on the chromameter demonstrates an inter-subject variation of about 15%, while the luminosity scale demonstrates a variability of approx. 6%. The rank order of 0.05% betamethasone diproprionate formulation potency is similar between the visual skin blanching assay, tape-stripping and the a scale on the chromameter. Further, the rank correlation between tape-stripping and the a scale on the chromameter with the subjective visual skin blanching assay is moderate to excellent (r = 0.6, and - 0.9, respectively). Thus, tape-stripping and the chromameter offer the investigator two objective, standardized and noninvasive methods with which to compare bioequivalence of topical corticosteroids. C1 US FDA,DEPT BIOPHARMACEUT,OFF GENET DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP PERSHING, LK (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DIV DERMATOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132, USA. NR 15 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-5173 J9 INT J PHARM JI Int. J. Pharm. PD OCT 26 PY 1992 VL 86 IS 2-3 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1016/0378-5173(92)90198-B PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JY663 UT WOS:A1992JY66300014 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, LW PARKER, RJ COLLINS, JM AHLGREN, JD WILKINSON, D STRONG, JM AF ANDERSON, LW PARKER, RJ COLLINS, JM AHLGREN, JD WILKINSON, D STRONG, JM TI GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC MASS-SPECTROMETRIC METHOD FOR ROUTINE MONITORING OF 5-FLUOROURACIL IN PLASMA OF PATIENTS RECEIVING LOW-LEVEL PROTRACTED INFUSIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPE-DILUTION; SENSITIVE METHOD AB A gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method is described which quantitates 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plasma levels ranging from 0.5 to 50 ng/ml. The analysis uses two internal standards, 1,3-[N-15(2)]-5-fluorouracil and 5-chlorouracil. Extraction and derivatization of the pyrimidine bases were accomplished in a single step using acetonitrile. Compounds were analyzed as their 1,3-dipentafluorobenzyl derivatives by electron-impact MS, and the GC-MS analysis was automated with respect to sample injection and data reduction. Stability of the analysis was demonstrated by continuous unattended analysis of 5-FU in human plasma for periods of up to three days with no deterioration of the quantitative results. The method is applicable to quantitating 5-FU plasma levels in patients receiving protracted infusions of the drug for colorectal cancer or other malignancies. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,4 RES COURT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR-BIOMED JI J. Chromatogr.-Biomed. Appl. PD OCT 23 PY 1992 VL 581 IS 2 BP 195 EP 201 DI 10.1016/0378-4347(92)80272-R PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JV691 UT WOS:A1992JV69100004 PM 1452610 ER PT J AU GUEST, GB AF GUEST, GB TI USE OF ANIMAL DRUGS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP GUEST, GB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 16 PY 1992 VL 258 IS 5081 BP 381 EP 381 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JT775 UT WOS:A1992JT77500003 PM 1411531 ER PT J AU MACKEY, EA GORDON, GE LINDSTROM, RM ANDERSON, DL AF MACKEY, EA GORDON, GE LINDSTROM, RM ANDERSON, DL TI USE OF SPHERICAL TARGETS TO MINIMIZE EFFECTS OF NEUTRON-SCATTERING BY HYDROGEN IN NEUTRON-CAPTURE PROMPT GAMMA-RAY ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB For hydrogenous targets that are thinner than they are wide, element sensitivities (counts.s-1.mg-1) for determining concentrations of elements by neutron capture prompt gamma-ray activation analysis (PGAA) are enhanced relative to sensitivities obtained from measurements on nonhydrogenous materials. These enhancements are caused mainly by elastic neutron scattering by H, which changes the average neutron fluence rate within the matrix. The magnitude of the effect depends on the macroscopic scattering and absorption cross sections and on the size, shape, and orientation of the target with respect to the neutron beam. Sensitivities increase linearly with H density for thin targets of constant size and shape and also vary with target shape. Theoretical work was shown that element sensitivities for hydrogenous targets in the form of spheres are least affected by neutron scattering. Methods were devised for creating solid spheres and for containing liquids in spherical shapes. Element sensitivities were determined for spheres and disks of several hydrogenous materials. For H, B, Cl, K, Br, and Cd, sensitivities for spheres were found to be less affected by neutron scattering. Exceptions were Sm and Gd sensitivities measured in liquids contained in quartz globes. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,COLL PK,MD 20742. US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP MACKEY, EA (reprint author), US TECHNOL ADM,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV INORGAN ANALYT RES,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 15 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 15 PY 1992 VL 64 IS 20 BP 2366 EP 2371 DI 10.1021/ac00044a012 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA JU109 UT WOS:A1992JU10900013 PM 1466451 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FDA PROPOSES TO PROHIBIT 415 INGREDIENTS FROM OTC DRUG PRODUCTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 14 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 14 BP 1828 EP 1828 DI 10.1001/jama.268.14.1828 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JR439 UT WOS:A1992JR43900009 PM 1404696 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI UPDATE ON EMS AND L-TRYPTOPHAN SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 14 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 14 BP 1828 EP 1828 DI 10.1001/jama.268.14.1828 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JR439 UT WOS:A1992JR43900008 PM 1404696 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI FDAS ELECTRONIC BULLETIN BOARD SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 14 PY 1992 VL 268 IS 14 BP 1828 EP 1828 DI 10.1001/jama.268.14.1828 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JR439 UT WOS:A1992JR43900010 PM 1404696 ER PT J AU DURFOR, CN SCRIBNER, CL AF DURFOR, CN SCRIBNER, CL TI AN FDA PERSPECTIVE OF MANUFACTURING CHANGES FOR PRODUCTS IN HUMAN USE SO ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article RP DURFOR, CN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOL INVEST NEW DRUGS,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 E 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. PD OCT 13 PY 1992 VL 665 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb42598.x PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA JV459 UT WOS:A1992JV45900030 PM 1416614 ER PT J AU CHO, BP BELAND, FA MARQUES, MM AF CHO, BP BELAND, FA MARQUES, MM TI NMR STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF A 15-MER DNA-SEQUENCE FROM A RAS PROTOONCOGENE, MODIFIED AT THE 1ST BASE OF CODON-61 WITH THE CARCINOGEN 4-AMINOBIPHENYL SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; PROTON RESONANCES; B-DNA; CONFORMATION; ADDUCT; 2-(ACETYLAMINO)FLUORENE; 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; 2-AMINOFLUORENE; DEOXYGUANOSINE AB Proton NMR studies were conducted on the complementary 15-mer duplex d(5'-TACTCTTCTTGACCT).(5'-AGGTCAAGAAGAGTA) (designated as unmodified 15-mer duplex) spanning a portion of the mouse c-Ha-ras protooncogene centered around codon 61. Identical studies were carried out on the same sequence, after specific modification with a reactive derivative of the carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP), which resulted in incorporation of a single N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-aminobiphenyl (dG-C8-ABP) adduct in the noncoding strand (designated as ABP-modified 15-mer duplex). The adduct was located at the position corresponding to the first base of codon 61. The NMR data for the unmodified 15-mer duplex were fully consistent with a standard right-handed B-type DNA duplex conformation, with the possible exception of the frayed terminal base pairs. The ABP-modified 15-mer duplex was found to adopt one major conformation, although at least one additional conformation could be detected especially near room temperature. The major form, which exhibited strikingly similar NOE patterns as to those of the parent oligomer, both in H2O and D2O Spectra, assumed a standard Watson-Crick base pairing throughout the entire length of the duplex, including the modification site and its flanking base pairs. Although some local perturbation of the helix could be detected in the vicinity of the modified guanosine, the NOE distance constraints established that the helix was globally right-handed and that the glycosidic torsion angles had the normal anti orientation, both at the modified base and its partner cytidine. Furthermore, the absence of strong NOE interactions between protons in the ABP moiety, which was rapidly rotating, and the nucleic acid protons was consistent with positioning of the arylamine moiety in the major groove of a weakly distorted double-helical structure. Although insufficient data prevented a detailed characterization of the minor conformer(s), the observation of significant shieldings for all the arylamine protons indicated a different orientation at the modified site in the minor contributor(s), possibly with extensive stacking between the ABP fragment and the neighboring bases. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. Univ Tecn Lisboa, QUIM ESTRUTURAL, INST SUPER TECN, P-1096 LISBON, PORTUGAL. RI Marques, M. Matilde/E-2535-2012 OI Marques, M. Matilde/0000-0002-7526-4962 NR 47 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 13 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 40 BP 9587 EP 9602 DI 10.1021/bi00155a011 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JT518 UT WOS:A1992JT51800011 PM 1327120 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI MEDICINE AND WAR SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 8 PY 1992 VL 327 IS 15 BP 1097 EP 1098 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA JR321 UT WOS:A1992JR32100015 PM 1522850 ER PT J AU MUJEEB, A KERWIN, SM EGAN, W KENYON, GL JAMES, TL AF MUJEEB, A KERWIN, SM EGAN, W KENYON, GL JAMES, TL TI A POTENTIAL GENE TARGET IN HIV-1 - RATIONALE, SELECTION OF A CONSERVED SEQUENCE, AND DETERMINATION OF NMR DISTANCE AND TORSION ANGLE CONSTRAINTS SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; OVERHAUSER EFFECT SPECTRA; RELAXATION MATRIX ANALYSIS; 2-DIMENSIONAL NOE SPECTROSCOPY; PROTON COUPLING-CONSTANTS; PEAK FINE-STRUCTURES; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; INTERPROTON DISTANCES AB Recently, the capability for determining the high-resolution, sequence-dependent structure of oligonucleotides in solution via careful analysis of multidimensional NMR spectra and structure refinement procedures has been developed. Consequently, the rationale for selection of a genome sequence as a target for drug design based on the detailed three-dimensional structure of the target is presented. The concept is illustrated by the successful search for a highly conserved region of the HIV-1 genome's long terminal repeat which could serve as a molecular target. A compound which could selectively bind the target sequence could inhibit both RNA transcription from the integrated provirus and the reverse transcription process. Of 148 unique HIV-1 sequences examined, 147 exhibit a 21 -base conserved sequence (nucleotides 70-90 in HIVHXB2R) in the R region of the long terminal repeat. The only exception, a minor constituent for one individual, bas a change in the penultimate base. A 13 base pair duplex sequence, [d(AGCTTGCCTTGAG).d(CTCAAGGCAAGCT)], from this conserved region was selected and synthesized for NMR structure studies. Phase-sensitive proton two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement (2D NOE) and double-quantum-filtered correlation (2QF-COSY) spectra were obtained at 500 MHz for the DNA duplex. Exchangeable and nonexchangeable proton resonances were assigned. Quantitative assessments of the 2D NOE cross-peak intensities for different mixing times were carried out using conventional Fourier transform NMR and the maximum likelihood method (MLM). Distance constraints, along with upper and lower bounds, were obtained from the 2D NOE intensities using the iterative complete relaxation matrix algorithm MARDIGRAS. Distances entailing both exchangeable and nonexchangeable protons were determined: 7-11 experimental distance constraints per residue including interresidue and interstrand distances. Simulations of the scalar coupling effects manifest in 2QF-COSY cross-peaks by means of the program SPHINX/LINSHA were compared with experimental data to yield torsion angle constraints for the sugar rings. A single conformer was inadequate to describe any of the sugar puckers, but a rapid two-state equilibrium with one conformer strongly dominant (75-95%) provided a good fit of the 2QF-COSY cross-peaks. The sugar pucker of the major conformer exhibited significant variability for the various nucleotides but was roughly 2'-endo. Though derived independently and subject to different time-averaging effects, the 2QF-COSY and 2D NOE results are in accord. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. OI Kerwin, Sean/0000-0001-8432-6558 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 39552, GM 39247] NR 69 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 6 PY 1992 VL 31 IS 39 BP 9325 EP 9338 DI 10.1021/bi00154a002 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA JR320 UT WOS:A1992JR32000002 PM 1327112 ER PT J AU GLINSMANN, WH AF GLINSMANN, WH TI WHY IS THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION INTERESTED IN DIETARY FATTY-ACIDS AND THROMBOSIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article RP US FDA, DIV NUTR, HFF-260, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 56 IS 4 SU S BP 785 EP 785 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JV008 UT WOS:A1992JV00800002 ER PT J AU FREDD, S AF FREDD, S TI WHICH SURROGATE END-POINTS ARE VALID FOR ASSESSING THROMBOTIC TENDENCY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article RP US FDA, DIV GASTROINTESTINAL & COAGULAT DRUG PROD, HFD-180, ROOM 1092, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 56 IS 4 SU S BP 814 EP 814 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA JV008 UT WOS:A1992JV00800021 ER PT J AU ALAYASH, AI FRATANTONI, JC BONAVENTURA, C BONAVENTURA, J BUCCI, E AF ALAYASH, AI FRATANTONI, JC BONAVENTURA, C BONAVENTURA, J BUCCI, E TI CONSEQUENCES OF CHEMICAL MODIFICATIONS ON THE FREE-RADICAL REACTIONS OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; BINDING-SITE; IRON; HBXL99-ALPHA; REAGENT; CHAINS; DAMAGE C1 DUKE UNIV,CTR MARINE BIOMED,BEAUFORT,NC 28516. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT BIOL CHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. RP ALAYASH, AI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [2 P30 ESO-1908, 5 ROI ESO-4287] NR 39 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 298 IS 1 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1016/0003-9861(92)90101-2 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA JN143 UT WOS:A1992JN14300016 PM 1524419 ER PT J AU ROSENKRANZ, HS MATTHEWS, EJ KLOPMAN, G AF ROSENKRANZ, HS MATTHEWS, EJ KLOPMAN, G TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CELLULAR TOXICITY, THE MAXIMUM TOLERATED DOSE, LIPOPHILICITY AND ELECTROPHILICITY SO ATLA-ALTERNATIVES TO LABORATORY ANIMALS LA English DT Article DE MAXIMUM TOLERATED DOSE; CYTOTOXICITY; LIPOPHILICITY; ELECTROPHILICITY ID HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; CHROMATID EXCHANGE TESTS; NATIONAL-TOXICOLOGY-PROGRAM; UNITED-STATES NTP; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CARCINOGENICITY; MUTAGENICITY; INVITRO; SALMONELLA AB Results on cellular toxicity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for rats and mice were available for approximately 175 chemicals tested by the US National Toxicology Program. Additionally, the computed log P (log octanol-water partition coefficient) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy values, a measure of electrophilicity were also available for most of these chemicals. Analysis of the chemicals on the basis of their physical and quantum chemical properties and their toxic effects on cultured cells and rodents showed that: 1) as a group, the more toxic chemicals showed a trend towards higher LUMO energies (i.e. less electrophilic); 2) cytotoxic chemicals exhibited increased lipophilicity; and 3) cytotoxic chemicals were associated with increase systemic toxicity (as measured by the MTD). None of these relationships was expressed in a significant linear fashion as a function of the concentration at which the chemicals exhibited cytotoxicity. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP ROSENKRANZ, HS (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH,GRAD SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM & OCCUPAT HLTH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15261, USA. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRAME PI NOTTINGHAM PA RUSSELL & BURCH HOUSE 96-98 NORTH SHERWOOD ST, NOTTINGHAM, NOTTS, ENGLAND NG1 4EE SN 0261-1929 J9 ATLA-ALTERN LAB ANIM JI ATLA-Altern. Lab. Anim. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 20 IS 4 BP 549 EP 562 PG 14 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA JW658 UT WOS:A1992JW65800006 ER PT J AU GREEN, S AF GREEN, S TI INVITRO TEST VALIDATION AND REGULATORY ANIMAL TESTING - A HOUSE BUILT ON SAND VERSUS A HOUSE OF CARDS SO ATLA-ALTERNATIVES TO LABORATORY ANIMALS LA English DT Note RP GREEN, S (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU FRAME PI NOTTINGHAM PA RUSSELL & BURCH HOUSE 96-98 NORTH SHERWOOD ST, NOTTINGHAM, NOTTS, ENGLAND NG1 4EE SN 0261-1929 J9 ATLA-ALTERN LAB ANIM JI ATLA-Altern. Lab. Anim. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 20 IS 4 BP 567 EP 570 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA JW658 UT WOS:A1992JW65800009 ER PT J AU ZAPISEK, WF CRONIN, GM LYNCOOK, BD POIRIER, LA AF ZAPISEK, WF CRONIN, GM LYNCOOK, BD POIRIER, LA TI THE ONSET OF ONCOGENE HYPOMETHYLATION IN THE LIVERS OF RATS FED METHYL-DEFICIENT, AMINO-ACID-DEFINED DIETS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID DNA METHYLATION; DIETHYLNITROSAMINE INITIATION; S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE; CHOLINE; CANCER; HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS; METHIONINE; EXPRESSION; ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; SEQUENCES AB This study examines proto-oncogene hypomethylation in rat livers during the early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis by dietary methyl deprivation in the presence and absence of initiation by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Male weanling F344 rats were fed a complete diet, or a diet deficient in methionine and choline (MDD). Half the animals in each dietary group were given a single initiating dose of DEN (20 mg/kg). Animals from each of the treatment groups were killed at 1, 3, 8, 16 and 32 weeks, and hepatic DNA was isolated. This DNA was digested with the restriction enzymes MspI and HpaII to determine the extent of methylation of the CCGG sequences in c-Ha-ras, c-Ki-ras and c-fos proto-oncogenes. The results indicate that the administration of the MDD produced hypomethylation of these proto-oncogenes at all times investigated, independent of DEN initiation. The methylation changes in the c-Ha-ras gene increased in intensity throughout the experiment until at 32 weeks they were similar to the patterns seen in both neoplastic and preneoplastic livers of rats fed the deficient diet for 18 months. These results demonstrate that early, selective hypomethylation of some, but not all, CCGG sites occurs in rats undergoing hepatocarcinogenesis by dietary methyl deprivation. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 32 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 1992 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1869 EP 1872 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.10.1869 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JU195 UT WOS:A1992JU19500029 PM 1330345 ER PT J AU FLAMMANG, TJ COUCH, LH LEVY, GN WEBER, WW WISE, CK AF FLAMMANG, TJ COUCH, LH LEVY, GN WEBER, WW WISE, CK TI DNA ADDUCT LEVELS IN CONGENIC RAPID AND SLOW ACETYLATOR MOUSE STRAINS FOLLOWING CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF 4-AMINOBIPHENYL SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE PHENOTYPE; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; URINARY-BLADDER; AROMATIC-AMINES; HUMAN-LIVER; P-32-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS; CARCINOGEN; MICE; SMOKING; RATS AB 4-Aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) is a human and mouse bladder carcinogen. Epidemiological studies have shown that individuals with a slow acetylator phenotype, especially those exposed to high levels of carcinogenic aromatic amines, show an increased susceptibility to bladder cancer. In order to determine if a slow acetylator phenotype results in increased DNA damage, congenic mouse strains C57BL/6J and B6.A-Nat(s), which differ genetically at the acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.5) locus as homozygous rapid (Nat(r)/Nat(r)) and homozygous slow (Nat(s)/Nat(s)) acetylators respectively, were continuously administered 4-ABP.HCI (55-300 p.p.m.) in their drinking water for 28 days. The levels of covalently bound N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4-ABP-DNA adducts, which are believed to be critical for the initiation of tumors, were quantitated in the liver and bladder by P-32-postlabeling analysis. The levels of the hepatic DNA adduct increased with dose in both sexes, but were independent of the mouse acetylator genotype. At comparable doses, however, the levels of DNA adducts were 2-fold higher in the liver of the female as compared to the male animals. The DNA adducts also increased with dose in bladder of the male mice, but in contrast to the liver, the adduct levels were approximately 2-fold lower in the bladder DNA of the female mice. Also in contrast to the liver, the levels of bladder DNA adducts were significantly higher (P less-than-or-equal-to 0.03) in the phenotypic rapid acetylator females compared to the slow acetylators at both 75 and 150 p.p.m. doses; the median levels of adducts were 10 - 20% higher in the phenotypic slow acetylator male bladders compared to their rapid acetylator counterparts. The results of these studies are consistent with the increased carcinogenicity of 4-ABP to the liver of female mice and the bladder of male mice. They further suggest that factors other than acetylator phenotype limit the extent of DNA adduct formation from 4-ABP in these mice. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PHARMACOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP FLAMMANG, TJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,HFT-110,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA39018] NR 46 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 1992 VL 13 IS 10 BP 1887 EP 1891 DI 10.1093/carcin/13.10.1887 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA JU195 UT WOS:A1992JU19500032 PM 1423849 ER PT J AU LIANG, SM LEE, N CHEN, YY LIANG, CM AF LIANG, SM LEE, N CHEN, YY LIANG, CM TI EFFECTS OF GLUTATHIONE ON THE SYNTHESIS AND TURNOVER OF INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTORS SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL GROWTH-FACTOR; TYROSINE KINASE-ACTIVITY; HIGH-AFFINITY; T-CELLS; IL-2 RECEPTOR; BETA-CHAIN; BUTHIONINE SULFOXIMINE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENE-EXPRESSION RP LIANG, SM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3C-22,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 1992 VL 144 IS 1 BP 131 EP 142 DI 10.1016/0008-8749(92)90231-D PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA JP541 UT WOS:A1992JP54100012 PM 1394435 ER PT J AU LEE, SC PROSKY, L AF LEE, SC PROSKY, L TI DIETARY FIBER ANALYSIS FOR NUTRITION LABELING SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article ID COLLABORATIVE TRIALS; CEREAL PRODUCTS; FOOD-PRODUCTS; WALL C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,EXPTL NUTR BRANCH,LAUREL,MD. RP LEE, SC (reprint author), KELLOGG CO,BATTLE CREEK,MI, USA. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD OCT PY 1992 VL 37 IS 10 BP 765 EP & PG 0 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA JV175 UT WOS:A1992JV17500004 ER PT J AU HORVATH, JA MOSTOWSKI, HS OKUMURA, K BLOOM, ET AF HORVATH, JA MOSTOWSKI, HS OKUMURA, K BLOOM, ET TI PORE-FORMING PROTEIN IN INDIVIDUAL CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTES-T - THE EFFECT OF SENESCENCE PROVIDES A PROBE FOR UNDERSTANDING THE LYTIC MECHANISM SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGE-RELATED DECLINE; CYTO-TOXICITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; KILLER-CELLS; OLD MICE; PERFORIN; ACTIVATION; CD4+ AB The senescent decline of cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity was examined (a) to learn more about the effect of aging on the immune system, and (b) to probe the mechanism of cell-mediated cytolysis. The effect of age on the generation of pore-forming protein (Pfp) was examined at the cellular level in a murine model using CTL stimulated in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). Pfp expression was analyzed by immunocytochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunocytochemical analyses of Pfp in MLC-stimulated splenic T cells from a large number of mice revealed that although stimulated cells from aged mice exhibited fewer Pfp-producing cells than those from young, the diminution in the proportion of Pfp+ cells was small compared to the age-related decrease in lytic activities (approximately 2-fold vs. approximately 7.4-fold, respectively). Time-course analysis disclosed similar kinetics for the generation of Pfp+ cells among responding cells from young and aged mice. No significant age-related difference in the proportion of Pfp+ cells was observed in MLC-stimulated lymph node cells despite a large and significant difference in lytic activity (approximately 6.5-fold). Purified CD8+ T cells demonstrated a large age-related difference in CTL activity (approximately 3-11-fold) and accounted for virtually all the Pfp. Although little difference in the proportion of Pfp+ CD8+ T cells could be detected between age groups, stimulated CD8+ cells or whole splenic T cells from old mice consistently exhibited a striking reduction in both the intensity of Pfp staining and the apparent numbers of granules per cell. This difference in Pfp was examined by ELISA and total Pfp levels were found to be approximately 12-fold greater in CTL generated from splenic T cells of young compared to aged mice.The results demonstrate that Pfp levels are reduced in CTL from aged compared to young mice at the level of the individual cells and suggest the possibility that a threshold level of Pfp may be required for potency of effector cell function. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL 6HFB 826,CELLULAR IMMUNOL LAB,BLDG 29A,BETHESDA,MD 20892. JUNTENDO UNIV,DEPT IMMUNOL,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 22 IS 10 BP 2649 EP 2654 DI 10.1002/eji.1830221026 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JV594 UT WOS:A1992JV59400025 PM 1396969 ER PT J AU SANDSTROM, G SJOSTEDT, A JOHANSSON, T KUOPPA, K WILLIAMS, JC AF SANDSTROM, G SJOSTEDT, A JOHANSSON, T KUOPPA, K WILLIAMS, JC TI IMMUNOGENICITY AND TOXICITY OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS LVS SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; TULAREMIA; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; ENDOTOXIN; TNF; IL-1 ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; OUTER-MEMBRANE; ENDOTOXIN; INTERLEUKIN-1; HETEROGENEITY; PURIFICATION; LYMPHOCYTES; TULAREMIA; PROTEINS AB Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the live vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis (F. tularensis LVS) was isolated and purified. The LPS did not stimulate lymphocytes from previously tularaemia-vaccinated individuals or lymphocytes from non-primed individuals. However, serum antibodies from tularaemia vaccinees reacted with the LPS whereas virtually no reactivity was found with antibodies from individuals not exposed to F. tularensis LVS. Antibodies of immunoglobulin class M displayed the antibody reactivity predominantly. The LPS failed to induce the mononuclear cell-derived cytokine interleukin-1 and only low levels of tumour necrosis factor were detected. Furthermore, no LPS endotoxin properties were found in galactosamine-treated mice or in the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay. From these results it can be concluded that F. tularensis LVS possesses a lipopolysaccharide-like molecule, which does not exhibit properties of a classical endotoxin. C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, BETHESDA, MD 20014 USA. UMEA UNIV, DEPT INFECT DIS, S-90187 UMEA, SWEDEN. USA, MED RES INST INFECT DIS, INTRACELLULAR PATHOGENS BRANCH, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA. RP SANDSTROM, G (reprint author), NATL DEF RES ESTAB, DIV MICROBIOL, S-90182 UMEA, SWEDEN. NR 52 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8534 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL IMMUN PD OCT PY 1992 VL 105 IS 4 BP 201 EP 210 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05902.x PG 10 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA JV997 UT WOS:A1992JV99700005 ER PT J AU GOERING, PL GALLOWAY, WD CLARKSON, TW LORSCHEIDER, FL BERLIN, M ROWLAND, AS AF GOERING, PL GALLOWAY, WD CLARKSON, TW LORSCHEIDER, FL BERLIN, M ROWLAND, AS TI TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF MERCURY-VAPOR FROM DENTAL AMALGAMS SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PITUITARY-HORMONE RESPONSE; SILVER TOOTH FILLINGS; ORAL AIR MERCURY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INORGANIC MERCURY; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTIONS; TRACE-ELEMENT; FETAL TISSUES C1 UNIV CALGARY,FAC MED,DEPT MED PHYSIOL,CALGARY T2N 4N1,ALBERTA,CANADA. UNIV ROCHESTER,SCH MED,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. UNIV LUND,INST ENVIRONM MED,S-22101 LUND,SWEDEN. NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP GOERING, PL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 93 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 4 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0272-0590 J9 FUND APPL TOXICOL JI Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 19 IS 3 BP 319 EP 329 DI 10.1016/0272-0590(92)90169-I PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA JU086 UT WOS:A1992JU08600001 PM 1360929 ER PT J AU PRIVAL, MJ CEBULA, TA AF PRIVAL, MJ CEBULA, TA TI SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS OF MUTATIONS ARISING DURING PROLONGED STARVATION OF SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE COLONY HYBRIDIZATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MUTAGENS; TRANSVERSIONS; CARCINOGENS; REVERTANTS; REQUIRES; GENE AB We have examined the effects of prolonged histidine deprivation on the reversion of Salmonella typhimurium histidine auxotrophs containing either hisG46, a missense mutation (CTC --> CCC), or hisG428, an ochre mutation (CAA --> TAA). Both of these mutants can revert to His+ via intragenic and extragenic mechanisms. Whereas the hisG46 mutant site consists of G/C base pairs, extragenic suppression of hisG46 requires mutation at an A/T site. Conversely, the hisG428 site itself contains only A/T base pairs, and extragenic suppression of hisG428 occurs principally at G/C sites. Thus, by examining the mutational spectrum of hisG46 and hisG428 revertants that occurred in the presence and in the absence of histidine, it was possible to determine the effects of histidine starvation on mutations at G/C vs. A/T sites as well as on intragenic sites vs. extragenic suppressor sites. Using DNA-colony hybridization, we determined the DNA sequences of over 1300 hisG46 and hisG428 revertants. Histidine-independent revertants that arose during growth in liquid medium that contained histidine included both intragenic and extragenic suppressor mutations. The relative frequency of such extragenic suppressors was greatly reduced among the His+ revertants that were isolated after 5-10 days of histidine starvation on agar medium. Moreover, DNA sequence analysis revealed striking differences in the distribution of particular transversions at the hisG428 locus in revertants arising after prolonged histidine starvation as compared to those arising after growth in the presence of histidine. C1 US FDA,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP PRIVAL, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,GENET TOXICOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 29 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 4 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD OCT PY 1992 VL 132 IS 2 BP 303 EP 310 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA JQ146 UT WOS:A1992JQ14600003 PM 1427030 ER PT J AU SHINDO, M AKATSUKA, T DIBISCEGLIE, AM DONETS, M SCAGLIONE, L HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM AF SHINDO, M AKATSUKA, T DIBISCEGLIE, AM DONETS, M SCAGLIONE, L HOOFNAGLE, JH FEINSTONE, SM TI A CAPTURE ASSAY FOR HCV RNA USING A HUMAN MONOSPECIFIC ANTIBODY TO CORE ANTIGEN OF HEPATITIS-C VIRUS (HCV) SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,HEPATITIS STUDIES SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,HEPATITIS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1992 VL 16 IS 4 BP A70 EP A70 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA JR380 UT WOS:A1992JR38000103 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, RL AF WILLIAMS, RL TI BIOEQUIVALENCE OF TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS - A REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLUCOCORTICOIDS AB After reviewing the history of generic drug substitution policy in the United States, this paper discusses issues of equivalence as they apply to topical drug products. Documentation of bioequivalence of topical products has been problematic, and current methods are being re-evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The FDA is currently evaluating various extensions of the basic methodology of the Stoughton-McKenzie vasoconstrictor assay, in order to develop a more comprehensive pharmacodynamic methodology for documenting topical drug bioequivalence. A modern pharmacodynamic model is described, based on nonlinear dose-response relationship, a baseline effect, and a maximum or plateau effect. The Agency's goal is a bioequivalent methodology that will be simple, readily performed, and based on more objective methods of measuring the vasoconstrictor response. RP WILLIAMS, RL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,MPN 2,HFD-600,7500 STANDISH PL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 31 SU 1 BP 2 EP 5 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1992.tb04004.x PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA JT271 UT WOS:A1992JT27100002 PM 1428462 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP AF SHAH, VP TI TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS - QUALITY-CONTROL CONSIDERATIONS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROCORTISONE CREAMS; PENETRATION; RELEASE AB A simple procedure is developed, which can be used as a quality control test. The method utilizes commercially available diffusion cell assembly, synthetic membrane, and an appropriate receptor phase. The amount of drug released over time is determined using an HPLC method. From this, the drug release rate, flux, mug/cm2/min0.5 is calculated. This drug release rate can serve as a good quality control test to assure batch-to-batch uniformity. RP SHAH, VP (reprint author), US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,MPN 2,HFD-602,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 31 SU 1 BP 34 EP 37 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1992.tb04011.x PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA JT271 UT WOS:A1992JT27100009 PM 1428466 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM STEIMER, KS CONOVER, J AF KLINMAN, DM STEIMER, KS CONOVER, J TI COMPARATIVE IMMUNOGENICITY OF GP120-DERIVED PROTEINS AND THEIR INDUCTION OF ANTI-V3 LOOP REGION ANTIBODIES SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE CROSS-REACTIVE; GP120; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE-1; ANTI-V3 LOOP REGION ANTIBODIES ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEINS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HTLV-III/LAV; HIV-1 GP120; INHIBITION; EPITOPE; CD4 AB This report compares the immunogenicity of three different preparations of gpl20 [the envelope glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virus]: (a) native, fully glycosylated gpl20; (b) a nonglycosylated, denatured form of gp120; and (c) a nonglycosylated peptide representing the "immunodominant" third hypervariable region of the gp120 molecule. Results indicate that the native glycosylated form of gp120 induces a maximal anti-HIV response in which a majority of B cells bind to conformation-dependent epitopes but less than one-fifth recognize the V3 loop region. C1 CHIRON CORP,EMERYVILLE,CA. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3 D 10,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1005 EP 1008 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA JN550 UT WOS:A1992JN55000007 PM 1280682 ER PT J AU MOREHOUSE, KM KU, Y AF MOREHOUSE, KM KU, Y TI GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE INVESTIGATIONS OF GAMMA-IRRADIATED SHRIMP SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RADIOLYSIS PRODUCTS; FROG LEGS; IDENTIFICATION; FOOD; SPECTROSCOPY; FOODSTUFFS; PARAMETERS; DOSIMETRY; RADIATION; BONES AB When fats are irradiated, some of the major stable products formed are hydrocarbons. The most abundant radiolytic hydrocarbons are formed during various free-radical reactions as the result of the loss of CO2. An extraction procedure followed by capillary gas chromatography (GC) to monitor the formation of these radiolytic hydrocarbons in gamma-irradiated shrimp has been developed. Shrimp contain appreciable amounts of palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. When irradiated, these fatty acids form the hydrocarbons pentadecane, 8-pentadecene, heptadecane, 8-heptadecene, and 6,9-heptadecadiene, respectively. The yield of these radiolytic hydrocarbons was found to be linear with absorbed dose. Data indicating the utility of the capillary GC technique for identifying radiation-treated shrimp are presented. The potential use of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, another irradiation detection technique, to monitor the formation of free radicals trapped in irradiated shrimp shell and problems associated with using ESR spectroscopy are also described. RP MOREHOUSE, KM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 47 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 40 IS 10 BP 1963 EP 1971 DI 10.1021/jf00022a047 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA JU517 UT WOS:A1992JU51700048 ER PT J AU GERGEN, PJ TURKELTAUB, PC AF GERGEN, PJ TURKELTAUB, PC TI THE ASSOCIATION OF INDIVIDUAL ALLERGEN REACTIVITY WITH RESPIRATORY-DISEASE IN A NATIONAL SAMPLE - DATA FROM THE 2ND NATIONAL-HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY, 1976-80 (NHANES-II) SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS; CHRONIC RHINITIS; SINUSITIS; ALLERGY; NHANES-II ID SKIN-TEST REACTIVITY; HOUSE-DUST MITE; UNITED-STATES POPULATION; ASTHMATIC-CHILDREN; CHANGING PATTERNS; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; POLLEN ALLERGENS; IGE ANTIBODIES; RAGWEED POLLEN; GRASS-POLLEN AB The independent association of individual allergen reactivity with respiratory disease was evaluated with use of the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a sample of the U.S. white civilian population, ages 6 to 24 years (n = 4295). Eight, 1:20 wt/vol, 50% glycerol, unstandardized extracts were administered by prick puncture. Allergen reactivity was reported as the percent with a mean erythema diameter 10.5 mm or greater at 20 minutes. Only the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis increased with the increasing number of positive allergen skin tests. The independent association of individual allergen reactivity with respiratory disease was quantified with logistic models that included other allergen reactivity, age, sex, smoking, and region. Asthma was associated with reactivity to house dust (odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7 to 5) and Alternaria (odds ratio, 5.1; 95% CI: 2.9 to 8.9). Allergic rhinitis was associated with reactivity to ragweed (odds ratio, 2.3; 95% CI: 1.5 to 3.3); ryegrass (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% CI: 1.8 to 4.3); house dust (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% CI: 1.6 to 3.9); Alternaria (odds ratio, 2.3; 95% CI: 1.5 to 3.4). Asthma only (without allergic rhinitis) was associated with dust and Alternaria. Allergic rhinitis only (without asthma) was associated with ryegrass, ragweed, and house dust. When both asthma and allergic rhinitis were present, only house dust and Alternaria remained associated. These findings highlight the association of specific allergens with upper and lower respiratory diseases and the interactions among coexisting respiratory diseases. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ALLERGY & IMMUNOCHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014. RP GERGEN, PJ (reprint author), NIAID,DIV ALLERGY IMMUNOL & TRANSPLANTAT,SOLAR ROOM 4A29,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 42 TC 169 Z9 171 U1 0 U2 8 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 90 IS 4 BP 579 EP 588 DI 10.1016/0091-6749(92)90130-T PN 1 PG 10 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA JT995 UT WOS:A1992JT99500003 PM 1401641 ER PT J AU PASTOR, RW SZABO, A AF PASTOR, RW SZABO, A TI LANGEVIN DYNAMICS OF A LINEAR ROTOR IN A MAIER-SAUPE POTENTIAL - KRAMERS TURNOVER OF THE FLIPPING RATE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION AB The frictional dependence of the flipping rate of a linear rotor in a Maier-Saupe potential is evaluated from Langevin dynamics simulations. By assuming that the azimuthal angular velocity is rapidly thermalized, an approximate analytic expression for the rate is obtained within the framework of the Mel'nikov-Meshkov treatment of the Kramers turnover problem for one-dimensional bistable potentials. The predictions of this expression are in good agreement with the accurate simulation results. C1 NIDDKO,CHEM PHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP PASTOR, RW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Szabo, Attila/H-3867-2012 NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1992 VL 97 IS 7 BP 5098 EP 5100 DI 10.1063/1.463830 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA JR338 UT WOS:A1992JR33800053 ER PT J AU NERURKAR, SG DIGHE, SV WILLIAMS, RL AF NERURKAR, SG DIGHE, SV WILLIAMS, RL TI BIOEQUIVALENCE OF RACEMIC DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHARMACOKINETICS; DISPOSITION; STEREOSELECTIVITY; STEREOCHEMISTRY; STEREOISOMERS; ENANTIOMERS; HUMANS AB Although pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between the enantiomers of a chiral drug have been known or suspected for many years, racemate drugs have frequently been developed and approved without clinical pharmacologic consideration of their chiral components. In the late 1970s, the technology to isolate, manufacture, and detect pure enantiomers of racemate drugs became generally available. This availability has created new demands on both pharmaceutical firms and regulatory agencies. To prepare for this new technology, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research at the Food and Drug Administration is formulating a policy statement to guide evaluation of flew chiral drugs. At this time, it appears that whatever new policies are developed will not necessarily be applied retroactively to previously approved racemate drugs. Additional policies to guide the development and approval of generic and OTC chiral drugs may be required. In the Office of Generic Drugs in the Center, abbreviated new drug or antibiotic applications are approved on the basis of adequate chemistry, manufacturing, and control procedures and comparative pharmacokinetics (bioequivalence). The generic drug must be a racemate or single enantiomer if the corresponding innovator drug is a racemate or single enantiomer respectively. Whether a generic firm will be required to provide bioequivalence information on enantiomers of a racemate is determined on a case-by-case basis. Although it might be claimed that a generic drug product should be required only to undergo the same general kind of pharmaceutical evaluation as did the innovator, there may be instances when the approval of a generic drug or antibiotic will require measurement of specific enantiomers of a chiral drug. C1 US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 28 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 32 IS 10 BP 935 EP 943 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA JU005 UT WOS:A1992JU00500011 PM 1447402 ER PT J AU SULLIVANJONES, P HANSEN, DK SHEEHAN, DM HOLSON, RR AF SULLIVANJONES, P HANSEN, DK SHEEHAN, DM HOLSON, RR TI THE EFFECT OF TERATOGENS ON MATERNAL CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS AND CLEFT INCIDENCE IN A/J MICE SO JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL GENETICS AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CLEFT PALATE; PHENYTOIN; HALOPERIDOL; GLUCOCORTICOID; STRESS; 2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENYOXYACETIC ACID; RECEPTOR ID PLASMA-CORTICOSTERONE; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; PALATE; PHENYTOIN; INDUCTION; DEPRIVATION; RESTRAINT; FOOD; ACID AB It is unknown whether orofacial clefting, one consequence of teratogenic exposure, results from a direct interaction between the teratogen and the embryonic palate, or indirectly from maternal alterations caused by the teratogen. In the current study pregnant A/J mice were exposed to one of three cleft-inducing agents in order to examine the relationship between drug-induced clefting and the response of maternal plasma corticosterone to drug administration. The agents used, haloperidol (HAL), 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), or phenytoin (PHT), were administered in teratogenic doses between 0800 and 0930 on gestational day 10 (GD 10). For corticosterone determinations, mice were dosed on GD 10, and blood was collected at 1, 4, 24, or 48 hr after dosing. For fetal evaluation of cleft lip and/or cleft palate, mice were dosed on GD 10 and killed on GD 18. Phenytoin was the most potent inducer of cleft lip and palate and induced a sustained elevation of plasma corticosterone in maternal animals. The other treatments, in order of decreasing potency to induce clefting and/or cause an elevation of corticosterone in plasma were 2,4,5-T > HAL > controls. Correlations between maternal corticosterone levels and clefting incidence were very high at all time points examined; total exposure (area under the curve) was also highly correlated. A linear relationship between drug-induced increases in maternal corticosterone levels and the incidence of clefting in A/J mice was evident. Based on these findings, we believe that increased maternal corticosterone levels may play a role in orofacial clefting in A/J mice. RP SULLIVANJONES, P (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0270-4145 J9 J CRAN GENET DEV BIO JI J. Craniofac. Genet. Dev. Biol. PD OCT-DEC PY 1992 VL 12 IS 4 BP 183 EP 189 PG 7 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Anatomy & Morphology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA KB868 UT WOS:A1992KB86800001 PM 1494023 ER PT J AU MADDEN, JM AF MADDEN, JM TI MICROBIAL PATHOGENS IN FRESH PRODUCE - THE REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; TOXIN PRODUCTION; OUTBREAK; OUTGROWTH AB The potential for microbial contamination of fruits and vegetables is high because of the wide variety of conditions to which the produce is exposed during growth, harvest, and distribution. Heat treatment may also destroy the protective barriers (peels, husks, rinds) of fruits and vegetables, permitting the entry of microbial pathogens into the produce and providing them access to nutrients essential for their growth and proliferation. Proper refrigeration, storage, and shipping conditions as well as removal of soil from fresh produce by washing with chlorinated water are recommended to prevent contamination. RP MADDEN, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 19 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 55 IS 10 BP 821 EP 823 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA JV444 UT WOS:A1992JV44400014 ER PT J AU BRUNSWICK, M BURKHARDT, A FINKELMAN, F BOLEN, J MOND, JJ AF BRUNSWICK, M BURKHARDT, A FINKELMAN, F BOLEN, J MOND, JJ TI COMPARISON OF TYROSINE KINASE ACTIVATION BY MITOGENIC AND NONMITOGENIC ANTI-IGD ANTIBODIES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID B-CELL ACTIVATION; CROSS-LINKING; LYMPHOCYTES-B; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MEMBRANE IGM; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; PROTEIN-KINASES; LYMPHOMA CELLS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; PHOSPHORYLATION AB Low concentrations of anti-Ig dextran conjugates that stimulate very high levels of B cell proliferation and Ig secretion stimulate no detectable increases in tyrosine phosphorylation. To study this point further, we compared tyrosine phosphorylation patterns induced by mitogenic and nonmitogenic anti-Ig antibodies. Whereas the mitogenic, strongly cross-linking, antibody H-delta(a)/1 induced greater levels of tyrosine phosphorylation than did the nonmitogenic antibody FF1-4D5, the pattern of substrate phosphorylation was equivalent. At lower concentrations of H-delta(a)/1, which were still mitogenic, the degree of phosphorylation that was induced was similar to that induced by high concentrations of FF1-4D5. Both antibodies stimulated comparable increases in the kinase activity of the three src-related kinases present in normal B cells and linked to the IgR, i.e., Blk, Fyn, and Lyn. These results suggest that the extent of tyrosine kinase activation is proportional to mIg cross-linking, that induction of B cell DNA synthesis may require little tyrosine kinase activation, and that activation of tyrosine kinase per se does not necessarily lead to B cell DNA synthesis. C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP BRUNSWICK, M (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,ROOM 232,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI27465, R01 AI24273, R01 AI21328] NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 7 BP 2249 EP 2254 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JP189 UT WOS:A1992JP18900002 PM 1326578 ER PT J AU DEBELL, KE CONTI, A ALAVA, MA HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E AF DEBELL, KE CONTI, A ALAVA, MA HOFFMAN, T BONVINI, E TI MICROFILAMENT ASSEMBLY MODULATES PHOSPHOLIPASE-C-MEDIATED SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION BY THE TCR/CD3 IN MURINE T-HELPER LYMPHOCYTES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; CYTOPLASMIC FREE CALCIUM; PROTEIN KINASE-C; CYTOCHALASIN-B; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; PHORBOL ESTER; ACTIN; COMPLEX; BINDING; HYDROLYSIS AB Cytoskeletal involvement in the response to TCR/CD3 ligation and in signal transduction was investigated in a murine Th cell type 2 clone. Cells coated with the hamster anti-CD3 mAb, 145-2C11 (2C11 mAb), and exposed to goat anti-hamster demonstrated an increase in polymerized actin as well as an increase in inositol phospholipid hydrolysis mediated by activation of phospholipase C. Pretreatment with cytochalasins (Cyt) (D or B), drugs that interact with cellular actin, prevented actin polymerization, and augmented the initial rate and total amount of inositol phosphates produced. Drugs modifying microtubule function were ineffective. The intracellular Ca2+ rise attributed to InsP3 and InsP4 generated in response to CD3 perturbation was augmented by CytD. CytD treatment did not affect inositol phosphate generation resulting from the stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins with aluminium tetrafluoride, indicating that the action of CytD was specific for receptor-mediated inositol phospholipids. CytD decreased the rate of anti-CD3-induced receptor internalization. These data suggest that the assembly of microfilaments plays a role in CD3 internalization and that a CytD-sensitive mechanism uncouples the TCR/CD3 complex from phospholipase C-mediated signaling. RP DEBELL, KE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,CELL BIOL LAB,BLDG 29,RM 231,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 48 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 1992 VL 149 IS 7 BP 2271 EP 2280 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA JP189 UT WOS:A1992JP18900005 PM 1388187 ER PT J AU KAY, LE BULL, TE AF KAY, LE BULL, TE TI HETERONUCLEAR TRANSVERSE RELAXATION IN AMX, AX(2), AND AX(3) SPIN SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Note ID 3-DIMENSIONAL NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; C-13; PROTEINS; MACROMOLECULES; RESONANCE; N-15; H-1; ELUCIDATION; ASSIGNMENT; DIPOLAR C1 UNIV TORONTO,DEPT BIOCHEM & CHEM,TORONTO M5S 1A8,ONTARIO,CANADA. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOCHEM & BIOPHYS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP KAY, LE (reprint author), UNIV TORONTO,DEPT MED GENET,MED SCI BLDG,TORONTO M5S 1A8,ONTARIO,CANADA. NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2364 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD OCT 1 PY 1992 VL 99 IS 3 BP 615 EP 622 DI 10.1016/0022-2364(92)90218-V PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA JU677 UT WOS:A1992JU67700017 ER PT J AU SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H AF SHAH, VP BEHL, CR FLYNN, GL HIGUCHI, WI SCHAEFER, H TI PRINCIPLES AND CRITERIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF TOPICAL THERAPEUTIC PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,PHARMACEUT RES & DEV,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. UNIV UTAH,COLL PHARM,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. UNIV MICHIGAN,COLL PHARM,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. CTR INT RES DERMATOL GALDERMA,F-06565 VALBONNE,FRANCE. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 81 IS 10 BP 1051 EP 1054 DI 10.1002/jps.2600811020 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA JQ818 UT WOS:A1992JQ81800019 PM 1432620 ER PT J AU GARRISON, DL CONRAD, SM EILERS, PP WALDRON, EM AF GARRISON, DL CONRAD, SM EILERS, PP WALDRON, EM TI CONFIRMATION OF DOMOIC ACID PRODUCTION BY PSEUDONITZSCHIA-AUSTRALIS (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) CULTURES SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Note DE AMNESIC SHELLFISH POISONING; BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; DOMOIC ACID; NITZSCHIA-PSEUDOSERIATA; PSEUDONITZSCHIA-AUSTRALIS; TOXIC BLOOMS ID DIATOM NITZSCHIA-PUNGENS; MARINE DIATOM; CANADA; BAY AB Single clone isolates of Pseudonitzschia australis Frenguelli (= Nitzschia pseudoseriata Hasle) isolated from a toxic bloom in Monterey Bay, California produced domoic acid in culture. Although long-term historical records do not indicate previous blooms of this species on the Pacific coast, this is probably because it has been often misidentified as Nitzschia seriata Hasle; previous evidence for toxicity is lacking. Hydrographic data suggest that areas such as Monterey Bay might be "hot spots" for domoic acid-producing blooms. C1 US FDA,OFF SEAFOOD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP GARRISON, DL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,INST MARINE SCI,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. NR 20 TC 110 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 7 PU PHYCOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3646 J9 J PHYCOL JI J. Phycol. PD OCT PY 1992 VL 28 IS 5 BP 604 EP 607 DI 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00604.x PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA JU831 UT WOS:A1992JU83100004 ER EF