FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU LEWIS, EN LESTER, DS LEVIN, IW AF LEWIS, EN LESTER, DS LEVIN, IW TI DRUG-INDUCED CHANGES OF PURKINJE-CELLS WITHIN THE CEREBELLAR CORTEX OF RAT BRAINS - A VIBRATIONAL IMAGING MICROSCOPIC STUDY SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIDDKD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CDER,DRT,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 66 IS 2 BP A373 EP A373 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MU462 UT WOS:A1994MU46202163 ER PT J AU MACDONALD, VW BROCKNERRYAN, BA GOMEZ, C ALAYASH, AI AF MACDONALD, VW BROCKNERRYAN, BA GOMEZ, C ALAYASH, AI TI OXIDATION OF NITROSYLHEMOGLOBIN BY OXYGEN AND OXYHEMOGLOBIN BY NITROPRUSSIDE WITHOUT PEROXIDATIVE INTERMEDIATES SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USA,BLOOD RES DETACHMENT,WRAIR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 66 IS 2 BP A362 EP A362 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MU462 UT WOS:A1994MU46202099 ER PT J AU MAKHOV, A HANNAH, J BRENNAN, M TRUS, B KOCSIS, E CONWAY, J WINGFIELD, P SIMON, M STEVEN, A AF MAKHOV, A HANNAH, J BRENNAN, M TRUS, B KOCSIS, E CONWAY, J WINGFIELD, P SIMON, M STEVEN, A TI FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ OF BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS - MONOMERIC HAIRPIN MODEL OF A BACTERIAL ADHESIN SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIAMS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DBP,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,DCRT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,OD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 66 IS 2 BP A341 EP A341 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MU462 UT WOS:A1994MU46201983 ER PT J AU PACKARD, BZ AF PACKARD, BZ TI INDUCED INTEGRIN CELL-SURFACE EXPRESSION AND CHEMOTACTIC RESPONSIVENESS BY ONCOIMMUNIN-M SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DCB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 66 IS 2 BP A172 EP A172 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MU462 UT WOS:A1994MU46200994 ER PT J AU ROGERS, MS BROCKNERRYAN, BA ALAYASH, AI AF ROGERS, MS BROCKNERRYAN, BA ALAYASH, AI TI FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF A POLYMERIZED, CROSS-LINKED HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 66 IS 2 BP A361 EP A361 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MU462 UT WOS:A1994MU46202093 ER PT J AU WEAVER, JL MCKINNEY, L SCHOENLEIN, PV GOLDENBERG, S GOTTESMAN, MM ASZALOS, A AF WEAVER, JL MCKINNEY, L SCHOENLEIN, PV GOLDENBERG, S GOTTESMAN, MM ASZALOS, A TI VOLUME REGULATION AND MDR1 PROTEIN FUNCTION IN MDR1-TRANSFECTED AND PARENTAL CELL-LINES SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,DRT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. AFRRI,DEPT PHYSIOL,BETHESDA,MD. MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. NCI,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 66 IS 2 BP A217 EP A217 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MU462 UT WOS:A1994MU46201265 ER PT J AU XIAO, JM KNUTTEL, A PACKARD, BS KNUTSON, JR AF XIAO, JM KNUTTEL, A PACKARD, BS KNUTSON, JR TI FREQUENCY-DOMAIN FLUORESCENCE LIFETIME MICROSCOPE WITH GHZ RESPONSE SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NHLBI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 66 IS 2 BP A161 EP A161 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA MU462 UT WOS:A1994MU46200930 ER PT J AU WISE, CK HASS, BS AF WISE, CK HASS, BS TI HPLC ANALYSIS FOR 5-METHYLDEOXYCYTIDINE IN CELLULAR DNA OBTAINED DIRECTLY FROM THE CULTURE FLASK SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Note ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RAT-LIVER; DECREASES RP WISE, CK (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD FEB PY 1994 VL 16 IS 2 BP 218 EP & PG 0 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MV768 UT WOS:A1994MV76800009 PM 8179879 ER PT J AU TOSATO, G SGADARI, C TAGA, K JONES, KD PIKE, SE ROSENBERG, A SECHLER, JMG MAGRATH, IT LOVE, LA BHATIA, K AF TOSATO, G SGADARI, C TAGA, K JONES, KD PIKE, SE ROSENBERG, A SECHLER, JMG MAGRATH, IT LOVE, LA BHATIA, K TI REGRESSION OF EXPERIMENTAL BURKITTS-LYMPHOMA INDUCED BY EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS IMMORTALIZED HUMAN B-CELLS SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; NUDE-MICE; GENE-TRANSFER; FACTOR-ALPHA; REDUCED TUMORIGENICITY; T-CELLS; EXPRESSION; LINES; INVIVO; IMMUNITY C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NCI,PEDIAT ONCOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Sgadari, Cecilia/H-4302-2016 OI Sgadari, Cecilia/0000-0003-0364-4912 NR 47 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD FEB 1 PY 1994 VL 83 IS 3 BP 776 EP 784 PG 9 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MU302 UT WOS:A1994MU30200022 PM 8298139 ER PT J AU FU, PP DOOLEY, KL VONTUNGELN, LS BUCCI, T HART, RW KADLUBAR, FF AF FU, PP DOOLEY, KL VONTUNGELN, LS BUCCI, T HART, RW KADLUBAR, FF TI CALORIC RESTRICTION PROFOUNDLY INHIBITS LIVER-TUMOR FORMATION AFTER INITIATION BY 6-NITROCHRYSENE IN MALE-MICE SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID ADDUCT FORMATION; NEWBORN MICE; MOUSE; RATS; TUMORIGENICITY; CARCINOGENESIS; BENZOPYRENE; FAT AB Caloric restriction (CR) inhibited strongly the incidence of chemically-induced tumors in the neonatal B6C3F(1) mouse tumorigenicity bioassay, when begun 3 months after treatment with the potent carcinogen 6-nitrochrysene, These data indicate that CR can have a profound inhibitory effect on tumor development even long after metabolic activation and DNA repair have occurred. RP FU, PP (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD FEB PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 159 EP 161 DI 10.1093/carcin/15.2.159 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MW782 UT WOS:A1994MW78200003 PM 8313502 ER PT J AU CULP, SJ BELAND, FA AF CULP, SJ BELAND, FA TI COMPARISON OF DNA ADDUCT FORMATION IN MICE FED COAL-TAR OR BENZO[A]PYRENE SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID COVALENT BINDING; MOUSE; SKIN; BENZO(A)PYRENE; COMPONENTS; EXPOSURE; CREOSOTE; SMOKING; BITUMEN; TISSUES AB Coal tar is a complex mixture containing hundreds of compounds, including the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, benzo[a]pyrene. In order to compare the metabolic activation of a single carcinogen versus a complex mixture containing the carcinogen, we determined the DNA adduct profiles in B6C3F(1) mice fed doses of coal tar or benzo[a]pyrene at concentrations corresponding to the amount of benzo[a]pyrene found in the respective coal tar treatments. DNA adduct formation was quantified in liver, lungs and forestomach by P-32-postlabeling and was found to increase as a function of dose in each tissue with both coal tar and benzo[a]pyrene. In mice fed benzo[a]pyrene, a major adduct was detected with the same elution characteristics by TLC and HPLC as the major adduct, 10 beta-(deoxyguanosin-N-2-yl)-7 beta,8 alpha,9 alpha-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (dG-N-2-BPDE), obtained from reacting (+/-)-antibenzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) with DNA. DNA binding was in the order forestomach greater than or equal to liver > lung, except at the highest dose group where the order was liver > forestomach > lung. In mice fed coal tar, a diagonal zone of radioactivity with a number of discrete adducts was observed. One area of radioactivity contained the major BPDE adduct, dG-N-2-BPDE, based on co-elution by TLC and HPLC with the synthesized adduct. Total DNA binding was greater in the coal tar-fed mice than in the mice fed benzo[a]pyrene, and the adduct levels were in the order lung > liver > forestomach. These results indicate that there are tissue-specific differences in the activation of coal tar components when compared to a representative carcinogen contained within the mixture. RP CULP, SJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 32 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD FEB PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1093/carcin/15.2.247 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MW782 UT WOS:A1994MW78200017 PM 8313515 ER PT J AU HARTER, JG KATZPER, M AF HARTER, JG KATZPER, M TI REFINEMENTS IN MODELING PAIN AND ITS RESPONSE TO ANALGESICS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 123 EP 123 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100001 ER PT J AU STEIN, RA HARTER, JG AF STEIN, RA HARTER, JG TI ORAL NSAID ANALGESICS - ISSUES OF RELATIVE EFFICACY SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100007 ER PT J AU WEINTRAUB, M AF WEINTRAUB, M TI INDIVIDUAL-RESPONSES TO ASSESS THE ONSET OF ACTION OF OTC ANALGESICS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. US FDA,CDER,OFF OVER COUNTER OTC DRUG EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100008 ER PT J AU BASHAW, ED HARTER, JG AF BASHAW, ED HARTER, JG TI THE EFFECT OF ENCAPSULATION OF TABLETS FOR BLINDING ON ANALGESIA TRIALS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 126 EP 126 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100013 ER PT J AU HALE, VG BORGA, O HARTER, JG KATZPER, M AF HALE, VG BORGA, O HARTER, JG KATZPER, M TI SULINDAC - EXPLORATORY MODELING AND BIOEQUIVALENCE IMPLICATIONS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 140 EP 140 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100069 ER PT J AU MUKHERJEE, A LE, K LIEBERMAN, R AF MUKHERJEE, A LE, K LIEBERMAN, R TI RELEVANCE OF PRECLINICAL PK-PD TO THE CLINICAL IMMUNOMODULATORY (IMMOD) EFFECTS OF FK-506 IN TRANSPLANTATION (TX) AND AUTOIMMUNITY (AL) SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 149 EP 149 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100105 ER PT J AU SPYKER, DA HYDE, JE HARTER, JG AF SPYKER, DA HYDE, JE HARTER, JG TI MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION IN PATIENTS WHO SMOKE WHILE WEARING A NICOTINE PATCH - REPORTING KINETICS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100129 ER PT J AU RINSLER, S HANOVER, E LOVE, PY STADEL, BV STEIN, RA HARTER, JG AF RINSLER, S HANOVER, E LOVE, PY STADEL, BV STEIN, RA HARTER, JG TI CATEGORIZATION OF NSAID ASSOCIATED ADRS REPORTED TO THE FDA, AS ANAPHYLACTOID REACTIONS SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SANDOZ PHARMACEUT INC,E HANOVER,NJ. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 156 EP 156 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100132 ER PT J AU HARTER, JG STEIN, RA LOVE, PY AF HARTER, JG STEIN, RA LOVE, PY TI ANALYSIS OF NASAL CORTICOID TREATMENTS IN HAY-FEVER STUDIES SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100136 ER PT J AU LESKO, LJ WILLIAMS, RL AF LESKO, LJ WILLIAMS, RL TI PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH IN A REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,OFF GENER DRUGS,ROCKVILLE,MD. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVULAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 159 EP 159 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100143 ER PT J AU SALE, M BARBEY, JT SHAH, VP WILLIAMS, RL WOOSLEY, RL AF SALE, M BARBEY, JT SHAH, VP WILLIAMS, RL WOOSLEY, RL TI INSENSITIVITY OF DISSOLUTION TESTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN DIGOXIN BIOAVAILABILITY/BIOEQUIVALENCE (BBE) SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,FDA,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC. GEORGETOWN UNIV,FDA,DEPT PHARMACOL,WASHINGTON,DC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 167 EP 167 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100177 ER PT J AU GRAUMLICH, JF LUDDEN, TM CANTILENA, CC LEVINE, M WELCH, RW WANG, Y DHARIWAL, K PARK, J WASHKO, P LAZAREV, A KING, J CANTILENA, LR AF GRAUMLICH, JF LUDDEN, TM CANTILENA, CC LEVINE, M WELCH, RW WANG, Y DHARIWAL, K PARK, J WASHKO, P LAZAREV, A KING, J CANTILENA, LR TI PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL OF ASCORBIC-ACID IN DEPLETION AND REPLETION SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,BETHESDA,MD. US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NIDDK,BETHESDA,MD. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 55 IS 2 BP 200 EP 200 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY421 UT WOS:A1994MY42100308 ER PT J AU CARSON, MM BEELER, J KREZOLEK, M SPADY, D PABST, H AF CARSON, MM BEELER, J KREZOLEK, M SPADY, D PABST, H TI SEROCONVERSION AFTER MEASLES VACCINATION AT 6 MONTHS OF AGE SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ALBERTA,DEPT PEDIAT,EDMONTON T6G 2E1,ALBERTA,CANADA. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 42 IS 1 BP A83 EP A83 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA MR214 UT WOS:A1994MR21400447 ER PT J AU EMMETT, EA RISBY, TH TAYLOR, J CHEN, CL JIANG, L FEINMAN, SE AF EMMETT, EA RISBY, TH TAYLOR, J CHEN, CL JIANG, L FEINMAN, SE TI SKIN ELICITATION THRESHOLD OF ETHYLBUTYL THIOUREA AND MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE WITH RELATIVE LEACHING FROM SENSITIZING PRODUCTS SO CONTACT DERMATITIS LA English DT Article DE RUBBER; ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS; ETHYLBUTYL THIOUREA; 2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE; 2,2-DITHIO-BIS-BENZOTHIAZOLE; LEACHING STUDIES; PATCH TEST ELICITATION THRESHOLDS; CONSUMER PROTECTION; PREVENTION ID ALLERGIC CONTACT-DERMATITIS; PATCH TESTS AB We studied 3 contact sensitizers present in rubber products, ethylbutyl thiourea (EBT), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and 2,2-dithio-bis-benzothiazole (MBTS), to relate the amount of sensitizer eliciting allergic contact dermatitis to the quantity leaching from a product into various biological fluids: normal saline, human plasma and 3 synthetic sweat solutions of pH 5.5 to 7.5. To determine the amount of sensitizer remaining after leaching, Soxhlet extraction with acetonitrile was subsequently performed. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for chemical analysis. 12 MBT-sensitive patients were patch tested with serial dilutions of MBT and MBTS in petrolatum. A Latin Square design was used in statistical analysis of variance of the patch test results. Large amounts of thioureas leached from 2 rubber articles eliciting thiourea dermatitis, the literature suggesting that these would have been well above the elicitation threshold. Leaching of MBTS was relatively greater than MBT into most media, whereas MBT was a more potent elicitor than MBTS at equivalent concentrations. The lowest eliciting concentration of MBT in 1 subject was 0.01%. Such information should prove helpful to manufacturers in designed products that do not release allergens sufficiently to cause reactions in consumers. (C) Munksgaard, 1994. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. CLEVELAND CLIN,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. SHANGHAI MED UNIV,SHANGHAI,PEOPLES R CHINA. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0105-1873 J9 CONTACT DERMATITIS JI Contact Dermatitis PD FEB PY 1994 VL 30 IS 2 BP 85 EP 90 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00569.x PG 6 WC Allergy; Dermatology SC Allergy; Dermatology GA NA641 UT WOS:A1994NA64100005 PM 8187508 ER PT J AU PAGE, N MARZULLI, F GREEN, S AF PAGE, N MARZULLI, F GREEN, S TI SYMPOSIUM - CHEMICALLY-INDUCED DERMAL TOXICITY - ALLERGY, IRRITATION, URTICARIA, CANCER - ANIMALS, HUMANS AND ALTERATIONS, HELD AT BETHESDA, MARYLAND, 25 JUNE 1990 - INTRODUCTION SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP PAGE, N (reprint author), PAGE ASSOCIATES,GAITHERSBURG,MD, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 91 EP 91 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90167-8 PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA NC650 UT WOS:A1994NC65000001 ER PT J AU BRONAUGH, RL ROBERTS, CD MCCOY, JL AF BRONAUGH, RL ROBERTS, CD MCCOY, JL TI DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP IN SKIN SENSITIZATION SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GUINEA-PIG; SENSITIVITY AB The dose-response relationship (challenge phase) of the skin sensitization response was investigated in previously sensitized Hartley guinea pigs. Larger numbers of animals were used per group at the lower doses so that statistically significant observations could be made. Model compounds known to be skin sensitizers were used: a strong sensitizer, dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), and a weaker sensitizer, p-phenylenediamine (PPDA). A gradation in response to changing DNCB doses was easily observed by using either the open epicutaneous test (OET) or the Buehler occlusive patch test. The Buehler test was used to study the dose-response relationship of DNCB sensitization. The sensitivity of the OET and Buehler test was judged not adequate to measure the dose response for PPDA, because at high doses a high incidence of responders was not obtained. Therefore, the maximization test was used to evaluate PPDA. Similar, non-linear dose-response curves were obtained with each compound. The higher doses produced a somewhat linear relationship, but at lower doses the curves flattened out and more slowly approached a zero response. Thus, for potent sensitizers, concentrations found in exposure situations might be in the linear portion of the dose-response curve. For weak responders, use concentrations might be in the shallow portion of the curve, where reactions would be underestimated if a linear dose-response curve were assumed. C1 IMMUQUEST LABS INC,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP BRONAUGH, RL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,HFS-128,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 8 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 113 EP 117 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90171-6 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA NC650 UT WOS:A1994NC65000005 PM 7510660 ER PT J AU SHELANSKI MARZULLI BRONAUGH BUEHLER SEABAUGH GREEN, S MAIBACH MERSHON, M AF SHELANSKI MARZULLI BRONAUGH BUEHLER SEABAUGH GREEN, S MAIBACH MERSHON, M TI SYMPOSIUM - CHEMICALLY-INDUCED DERMAL TOXICITY - ALLERGY, IRRITATION, URTICARIA, CANCER - ANIMALS, HUMANS AND ALTERATIONS HELD AT BETHESDA, MARYLAND, 25 JUNE 1990 - PANEL DISCUSSION SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Discussion C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. HILL TOP BIOLABS INC,CINCINNATI,OH 45242. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT DERMATOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 129 EP 132 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA NC650 UT WOS:A1994NC65000007 ER PT J AU KORNHAUSER, A WAMER, WG LAMBERT, LA WEI, RR AF KORNHAUSER, A WAMER, WG LAMBERT, LA WEI, RR TI BETA-CAROTENE INHIBITION OF CHEMICALLY-INDUCED TOXICITY IN-VIVO AND IN-VITRO SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANCER AB In the past several years there has been a great deal of interest in the antioxidant beta-carotene and other micronutrients for their protective potential against various toxic insults. Two studies concerning the protective effects of beta-carotene, which were conducted in our laboratory, are reported here. The first involved the role of beta-carotene in modifying two-stage skin tumorigenesis initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and promoted by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, TPA). In this study, the protective effects of two types of dietary beta-carotene, a beadlet formulation and crystalline beta-carotene, were compared in two strains of mice (Skh:HR-1 and CR:ORL Sencar). Mice were maintained on food fortified with 3% beta-carotene or on control diets. Mice receiving the beta-carotene-supplemented diets had fewer tumours than mice in the control groups. However, only in the Skh strain of mice was this difference statistically significant. In the second study, an in vitro experiment, BALBc 3T3 mouse fibroblasts were used to determine beta-carotene's accumulation in cells and the ability of these cells to metabolize beta-carotene to vitamin A. This in vitro model was also used to show a beta-carotene protective effect towards 8-MOP phototoxicity. These studies contributed to the increasing evidence of in vivo and in vitro protection by beta-carotene against chemically induced toxicity. RP KORNHAUSER, A (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 149 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90176-7 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA NC650 UT WOS:A1994NC65000010 PM 8132174 ER PT J AU PAGE, N SHELANSKI OSBORNE, R SEABAUGH BRONAUGH AF PAGE, N SHELANSKI OSBORNE, R SEABAUGH BRONAUGH TI SYMPOSIUM - CHEMICALLY-INDUCED DERMAL TOXICITY - ALLERGY, IRRITATION, URTICARIA, CANCER - ANIMALS, HUMANS AND ALTERATIONS HELD AT BETHESDA, MARYLAND, 25 JUNE 1990 - PANEL DISCUSSION SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Discussion C1 US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. PROCTER & GAMBLE CO,MIAMI VALLEY LABS,DIV HUMAN & ENVIRONM SAFETY,CINCINNATI,OH 45239. RP PAGE, N (reprint author), PAGE ASSOCIATES,GAITHERSBURG,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 155 EP 157 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA NC650 UT WOS:A1994NC65000011 ER PT J AU MOORE, MA DATTA, AR AF MOORE, MA DATTA, AR TI DNA-FINGERPRINTING OF LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES STRAINS BY PULSED-FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS SO FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS ENZYME ELECTROPHORESIS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS; RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES; SPORADIC LISTERIOSIS; FOOD; PATHOGEN C1 US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 27 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0740-0020 J9 FOOD MICROBIOL JI Food Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 11 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.1006/fmic.1994.1005 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA NB348 UT WOS:A1994NB34800005 ER PT J AU GUERRY, P POPE, PM BURR, DH LEIFER, J JOSEPH, SW BOURGEOIS, AL AF GUERRY, P POPE, PM BURR, DH LEIFER, J JOSEPH, SW BOURGEOIS, AL TI DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RECA MUTANTS OF CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI FOR INCLUSION IN ATTENUATED VACCINES SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; FLAGELLIN GENES; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; EXPRESSION; ENTERITIS; STRAIN; COLONIZATION AB Isogenic recA mutants of Campylobacter jejuni have been constructed for evaluation of their usefulness in attenuated vaccines against this major worldwide cause of diarrhea. The recA(+) gene of C. jejuni 81-176 was cloned by using degenerate primers to conserved regions of other RecA proteins in a PCR. The C. jejuni recA(+) gene encodes a predicted protein with an M, of 37,012 with high sequence similarity to other RecA proteins. The termination codon of the recA(+) gene overlaps with the initiation codon of another open reading frame which encodes a predicted protein which has >50% identity with the N terminus of the Escherichia coli enolase protein. A kanamycin resistance gene was inserted into the cloned vecA(+) gene in E. coli and returned to C. jejuni VC83 by natural transformation, resulting in allelic replacement of the wild-type recA gene. The resulting VC83 recA mutant displayed increased sensitivity to W light and a defect in generalized recombination as determined by natural transformation frequencies. The mutated recA gene was amplified from VC83 recA by PCR, and the product was used to transfer the mutation by natural transformation into C. jejuni 81-176 and 81-116, resulting in isogenic recA mutants with phenotypes similar to VC83 recA. After oral feeding, strain 81-176 recA colonized rabbits at levels comparable to wild-type 81-176 and was capable of eliciting the same degree of protection as wild-type 81-176 against subsequent homologous challenge in the RITARD (removable intestinal tie adult rabbit diarrhea) model. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MICROBIOL,COLL PK,MD 20742. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP GUERRY, P (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,ENTER PROGRAM,12300 WASHINGTON AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 56 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 62 IS 2 BP 426 EP 432 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA MR841 UT WOS:A1994MR84100014 PM 8300203 ER PT J AU KELLNER, H WEN, J WANG, J RAYBOURNE, RB WILLIAMS, KM YU, DTY AF KELLNER, H WEN, J WANG, J RAYBOURNE, RB WILLIAMS, KM YU, DTY TI SERUM ANTIBODIES FROM PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS AND REITERS-SYNDROME ARE REACTIVE WITH HLA-B27 CELLS TRANSFECTED WITH THE MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS HSP60 GENE SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; PEPTIDE; MHC; ARTHRITIS; MECHANISM; COMPLEX; DISEASE; ANTIGEN AB HLA-B27-related arthritis is probably mediated by an immune response against HLA-B27 complexed with peptides derived from proteins of arthritis-causing bacteria. Immunogenic proteins,vith a high degree of homology among bacteria, such as in the hsp60 family, are likely candidates. To create such complexes experimentally, we transfected an HLA-B27 cell line with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis hsp60 gene. Because of previous observations that HLA-B27-peptide complexes can be distinguished by antibodies, we tested the transfected cell line with a panel of sera from 24 HW-B27(+) arthritis patients. Significant antibodies were detected in at least eight of the sera. Several cell lines and peptides were used as negative controls to ensure that the antibody reactivity was specific to HLA-BZ7-peptide complexes. A panel of nine peptides derived from the sequence of the Mycobacterium hsp60 were synthesized and tested. At least three were identified as being responsible for the serological activities. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,CTR REHABIL 3540,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. US FDA,IMMUNOL BRANCH,LAUREL,MD 20708. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; NIAMS NIH HHS [NIAMS P01 AR40919] NR 20 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 62 IS 2 BP 484 EP 491 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA MR841 UT WOS:A1994MR84100022 PM 7905462 ER PT J AU RAYBOURNE, RB BUNNING, VK AF RAYBOURNE, RB BUNNING, VK TI BACTERIUM-HOST CELL-INTERACTIONS AT THE CELLULAR-LEVEL - FLUORESCENT LABELING OF BACTERIA AND ANALYSIS OF SHORT-TERM BACTERIUM-PHAGOCYTE INTERACTION BY FLOW-CYTOMETRY SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; INTRACELLULAR GROWTH; MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; MACROPHAGE; MUTANTS; VIRULENCE; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; HEMOLYSIN AB Flow cytometry is a potentially powerful tool for analyzing the interactions of facultative intracellular bacteria and macrophages on a cellular level, particularly when fluorochromes are used to label the bacteria. We labeled Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium with a lipophilic dye, PKH-2, and used flow cytometry to investigate phagocytosis by J774A.1 cells and short-term bacterial survival. Labeled and unlabeled bacteria were identical in terms of viability, growth kinetics, and survival within macrophages, although recovery per macrophage was much greater for L. monocytogenes than for S. typhimurium. Using L. monocytogenes as a prototypical facultative intracellular bacterium, we estimated bacterial survival during phagocytosis on the basis of linear fluorescence measurements of infected J774A.1 cells and recovery of L. monocytogenes from sorted cells. The lower percentage of surviving L. monocytogenes in macrophages containing higher bacterial loads indicated the accumulation of nonviable bacteria within phagocytes. Removal of the external source of viable bacteria by washes and gentamicin treatment reduced the percentage of surviving intracellular L. monocytogenes to a baseline level, and all baseline levels mere similar, regardless of bacterial load. Listeria enrichment recoveries, derived from individually sorted J774A.1 cells, demonstrated the heterogeneity of macrophages in intracellular bacterial survival, especially within heavily infected cells. These results indicated that survival of L. monocytogenes was dependent on the adaptations of a small fraction of bacteria within a population of macrophages which permit intracellular growth. RP RAYBOURNE, RB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV VIRULENCE ASSESSMENT,IMMONOBIOL BRANCH,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 27 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 62 IS 2 BP 665 EP 672 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA MR841 UT WOS:A1994MR84100044 PM 8300223 ER PT J AU SHAHIN, RD HAMEL, J LEEF, MF BRODEUR, BR AF SHAHIN, RD HAMEL, J LEEF, MF BRODEUR, BR TI ANALYSIS OF PROTECTIVE AND NONPROTECTIVE MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SPECIFIC FOR BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; IMMUNIZATION; INFECTION; CLEARANCE; FEATURES AB In this study, it has been determined that immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 monoclonal antibodies directed to the lipooligosaccharide A of Bordetella pertussis were able to protect mice from fatal aerosol infection. No correlation was found between the bactericidal activity in vitro in the presence of complement and the protection in mice, since a bactericidal IgG3 did not elicit protection. In addition, no significant difference in protective capacity was observed with bactericidal and nonbactericidal IgG1 antibodies, indicating that bactericidal activity is not a requirement for protection mediated by certain anti-lipooligosaccharide A antibodies. A reduction in protection in C5-deficient mice was observed, suggesting a significant role for complement in certain host defense mechanisms against B. pertussis infection. C1 LAB CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL LAB IMMUNOL,OTTAWA K1A 0L2,ON,CANADA. RP SHAHIN, RD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,PERTUSSIS LAB,BLDG 29,ROOM 414,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 62 IS 2 BP 722 EP 725 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA MR841 UT WOS:A1994MR84100055 PM 8300232 ER PT J AU KHARAZI, AI JAMES, SJ TAYLOR, JMG LUBINSKI, JM NAKAMURA, LT MAKINODAN, T AF KHARAZI, AI JAMES, SJ TAYLOR, JMG LUBINSKI, JM NAKAMURA, LT MAKINODAN, T TI COMBINED CHRONIC LOW-DOSE RADIATION CALORIC RESTRICTION - A MODEL FOR REGRESSION OF SPONTANEOUS MAMMARY-TUMOR SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE LOW DOSE RADIATION; CALORIC RESTRICTION; MODULATION OF MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR; TUMOR INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES ID IONIZING-RADIATION; ADAPTIVE RESPONSE; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; AUTOIMMUNE-PRONE; MICE; EXPOSURE; POTENTIATION; CELLS AB Purpose: This study was carried out to determine whether chronic low dose radiation can act alone or in synergy with restricted diet in down-regulating spontaneously occurring mammary tumor in tumor-susceptible female C3H/ He mice and whether immune cells are involved. Methods and Materials: At 7 months of age, one-half of the experimental mice were maintained on an ad lib diet, and the other half was adapted over a period of 1 month to a diet of 70% of the daily amount of food consumed by the ad lib-fed mice. The food of the restricted diet was enriched such that the vitamin and mineral intake was the same for both groups. Half of the mice in each group was then subjected to chronic low dose radiation (0.04 Gy per exposure from a Co-60 source, 3 X-per-week for 4 weeks) and the other half was sham irradiated. The 70% calorically restricted diet was maintained throughout the study. Results: Chronic low dose radiation alone was ineffective in down-regulating spontaneous mammary tumor, unlike caloric restriction. However, chronic low dose radiation when combined with caloric restriction promoted regression of mammary tumors, which were infiltrated with massive numbers of CD8(+) T cells. These phenomena were not seen in mice subjected to caloric restriction alone. Conclusion: Combined chronic low dose radiation-caloric restriction appears to be a useful model for promoting spontaneous mammary tumor regression. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOSTAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,JONSSON COMPREHENS CANC CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP KHARAZI, AI (reprint author), VA MED CTR W LOS ANGLES,GRECC 11G,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVDS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-3016 J9 INT J RADIAT ONCOL JI Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1994 VL 28 IS 3 BP 641 EP 647 PG 7 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA NA836 UT WOS:A1994NA83600010 PM 8113107 ER PT J AU GARRA, BS INSANA, MF SESTERHENN, IA HALL, TJ WAGNER, RF ROTELLAR, C WINCHESTER, J ZEMAN, RK AF GARRA, BS INSANA, MF SESTERHENN, IA HALL, TJ WAGNER, RF ROTELLAR, C WINCHESTER, J ZEMAN, RK TI QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONIC-DETECTION OF PARENCHYMAL STRUCTURAL-CHANGE IN DIFFUSE RENAL-DISEASE SO INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ULTRASOUND; KIDNEY; GLOMERULAR SIZE; TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION; RENAL TRANSPLANT; TRANSPLANT REJECTION ID TRANSPLANTS; DIFFERENTIATION; LIVER; US AB OBJECTIVE. The authors determined whether quantitative ultrasound could be useful in the evaluation of diffuse renal disease. METHODS. Digitized radiofrequency ultrasound data were acquired from the kidneys of patients with biopsy-proven diffuse renal disease and transplant rejection (37 patients plus 18 normal volunteers). The results of the quantitative analysis were compared with histology results to determine if microscopic renal structure could be correlated with quantitative features such as scatterer size and scatterer spacing. The results also were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine if diffuse disease could be detected reliably using quantitative methods. RESULTS. The three most useful features in the native kidneys were mean scatterer spacing (MSS), sigma's, and average scatterer size (D). Using these features, it was possible to detect diffuse renal disease causing a decrease in renal function with an area under the ROC curve (Az) of 0.93. The feature D corresponded closely to histologically measured average glomerular diameters. For normals, D = 216 mu m and glomerular diameter = 211 mu m. No histologic correlate was found for scatterer spacing. In transplants, MSS and integrated backscatter were most useful for detecting rejection (Az = 0.87), and D in rejection was similar to the values for normal kidney and normally functioning transplants. CONCLUSIONS. The D value corresponds to glomerular diameter, and glomerular enlargement can be detected readily using quantitative ultrasound, Combinations of two to four quantitative features can detect diffuse renal disease and transplant rejection reliably. C1 UNIV KANSAS,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,KANSAS CITY,KS. ARMED FORCES INST PATHOL,DEPT GENITOURINARY PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,WASHINGTON,DC. RP GARRA, BS (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,3800 RESERVOIR RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007, USA. RI Hall, Timothy/K-3632-2012 NR 38 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0020-9996 J9 INVEST RADIOL JI Invest. Radiol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 29 IS 2 BP 134 EP 140 DI 10.1097/00004424-199402000-00002 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA NA658 UT WOS:A1994NA65800002 PM 8169086 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM AF KLINMAN, DM TI CROSS-REACTIVITY OF IGG AND IGM SECRETING B-CELLS IN NORMAL AND AUTOIMMUNE MICE SO JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ANTI-DNA ANTIBODIES; MONOCLONAL AUTOANTIBODIES; NATURAL AUTOANTIBODIES; MURINE AUTOANTIBODIES; VIABLE MOTHEATEN; SELF ANTIGENS; HELPER-CELLS; LYMPHOCYTE-B; BALB/C MICE RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,DIV VIRAL PROD,RETROVIRAL IMMUNOL SECT,BLDG 29A,RM 3D16,BETHESDA,MD 20205, USA. NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0896-8411 J9 J AUTOIMMUN JI J. Autoimmun. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1006/jaut.1994.1001 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA NC555 UT WOS:A1994NC55500001 PM 8198696 ER PT J AU ARAKERE, G LEE, AL FRASCH, CE AF ARAKERE, G LEE, AL FRASCH, CE TI INVOLVEMENT OF PHOSPHOLIPID END-GROUPS OF GROUP-C NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS AND HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE TYPE-B POLYSACCHARIDES IN ASSOCIATION WITH ISOLATED OUTER MEMBRANES AND IN IMMUNOASSAYS SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; SPECIFICITY; PROTECTION; CARRIERS; BACTERIA; ANTIGENS; DISEASE AB There are several bacterial polysaccharides (PSs) which contain a terminal lipid moiety. It has been postulated that these terminal lipid moieties anchor the PSs to the outer membrane of the bacteria. Our studies have shown that incubation of native PS from group C Neisseria meningitidis or Haemophilus influenzae type b with isolated outer membrane vesicles results in association of a portion of the PS with the vesicles. Removal of the terminal lipid from the PS by treatment with phospholipase A(2) or phospholipase D eliminates this association. In other studies, it was shown that delipidated PSs are not suitable as solid-phase antigens in a currently used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Measurement of antibody units in the reference sera by using delipidated PSs as antigens in an ELISA yielded negligible absorbance compared with native PSs when methylated human serum albumin was used to coat the PSs to the plate. Nevertheless, phospholipase A(2) and phospholipase D treatment did not noticeably affect antigenic epitopes, since soluble group C PS without the terminal lipid bound antibody as effectively as the native PS did, as measured by a competitive inhibition assay. Both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions are important for the binding of group C N. meningitidis PS to the ELISA plate, while charge interactions seem to be sufficient for binding the more negatively charged H. influenzae type b PS. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. MERCK SHARP & DOHME LTD,RES LABS,W POINT,PA 19486. NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 176 IS 3 BP 691 EP 695 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA MU151 UT WOS:A1994MU15100018 PM 8300524 ER PT J AU KHAN, AS MOE, CL GLASS, RI MONROE, SS ESTES, MK CHAPMAN, LE JIANG, X HUMPHREY, C PON, E ISKANDER, JK SCHONBERGER, LB AF KHAN, AS MOE, CL GLASS, RI MONROE, SS ESTES, MK CHAPMAN, LE JIANG, X HUMPHREY, C PON, E ISKANDER, JK SCHONBERGER, LB TI NORWALK VIRUS-ASSOCIATED GASTROENTERITIS TRACED TO ICE CONSUMPTION ABOARD A CRUISE SHIP IN HAWAII - COMPARISON AND APPLICATION OF MOLECULAR METHOD-BASED ASSAYS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; OUTBREAK; TRANSMISSION; RESTAURANT AB Investigation of an outbreak of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis on a cruise ship provided an opportunity to assess new molecular method-based diagnostic methods for Norwalk virus (NV) and the antibody response to NV infection. The outbreak began within 36 h of embarkation and affected 30% of 672 passengers and crew. No single meal, seating, or food item was implicated in the transmission of NV, but a passenger's risk of illness was associated with the amount of ice (but not water) consumed (chi-square for trend, P = 0.009). Of 19 fecal specimens examined, 7 were found to contain 27-nm NV-like particles by electron microscopy and 16 were positive by PCR with very sensitive NV-specific primers, but only 5 were positive by a new highly specific antigen enzyme immunoassay for NV. Ten of 12 serum specimen pairs demonstrated a fourfold or greater rise in antibody titer io recombinant baculovirus-expressed NV antigen. The amplified PCR band shared only 81% nucleotide sequence homology with the reference NV strain, which may explain the lack of utility of the fecal specimen enzyme immunoassay. This report, the first to document the use of these molecular method-based assays for investigation of an outbreak, demonstrates the importance of highly sensitive viral diagnostics such as PCR and serodiagnosis for the epidemiologic investigation of NV gastroenteritis. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,EPIDEMIOL PROGRAM OFF,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,OFF PLANT & DAIRY FOODS & BEVERAGES,DIV MICROANALYT EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. HAWAII DEPT HLTH,HONOLULU,HI 96813. OI Monroe, Stephan/0000-0002-5424-716X FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 30448] NR 26 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 32 IS 2 BP 318 EP 322 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA MR792 UT WOS:A1994MR79200007 PM 8150941 ER PT J AU PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A AF PECK, CC BARR, WH BENET, LZ COLLINS, J DESJARDINS, RE FURST, DE HARTER, JG LEVY, G LUDDEN, T RODMAN, JH SANATHANAN, L SCHENTAG, JJ SHAH, VP SHEINER, LB SKELLY, JP STANSKI, DR TEMPLE, RJ VISWANATHAN, CT WEISSINGER, J YACOBI, A TI OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACODYNAMICS, AND TOXICOKINETICS IN RATIONAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA, CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV, SCH PHARM, RICHMOND, VA USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SCH PHARM, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. AMER CYANAMID CO, PEARL RIVER, NY USA. CIBA GEIGY PHARMACEUT CORP, SUMMIT, NJ USA. SUNY BUFFALO, AMHERST, NY USA. ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, MEMPHIS, TN USA. SUNY BUFFALO, MILLARD FILLMORE HOSP, CLIN PHARMACOKINET LAB, BUFFALO, NY USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, MED CTR, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. VA HOSP, DEPT ANESTHESIA, PALO ALTO, CA USA. RI Benet, Leslie/K-8286-2016 NR 0 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 34 IS 2 BP 111 EP 119 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MX069 UT WOS:A1994MX06900003 PM 8163710 ER PT J AU HARDY, BJ PASTOR, RW AF HARDY, BJ PASTOR, RW TI CONFORMATIONAL SAMPLING OF HYDROCARBON AND LIPID CHAINS IN AN ORIENTING POTENTIAL SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; DEUTERIUM MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LIQUID NORMAL-BUTANE; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE BILAYERS; PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER; MODEL; MEMBRANES; ALGORITHMS AB A Distribution Biased Monte Carlo (DBMC) sampling procedure is developed for the efficient generation of chain conformations in the oriented environment of lipid membranes and other liquid crystalline systems. Conformations of the sn-l chain of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were generated by independently sampling torsion angles from continuous distributions in an orienting potential based on a Marcelja mean field; depending on the chain position, the convergence in the deuterium order parameters (S-CD) was 100 to 3000 times more efficient with DBMC than with Brownian dynamics. Optimization using joint distribution and torsional potentials of mean force yielded a further threefold increase in sampling efficiency. Overall chain tilt was included using Euler angle rotations and a separate field strength for the anchor. A segmental DBMC procedure was used to generate a set of complete DPPC conformations with well-converged conformationally averaged S-CD consistent with experimental values. These conformations show considerable flexibility, not only in the hydrocarbon tails, but additionally in both the glycerol and head-group portions of the lipid. An appendix compares DBMC with a number of other Monte Carlo and stochastic dynamics algorithms using the example of a bistable oscillator, and illustrates the tuning of parameters for optimal convergence. (C) 1994 by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 62 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 15 IS 2 BP 208 EP 226 DI 10.1002/jcc.540150211 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MT222 UT WOS:A1994MT22200010 ER PT J AU GECAN, JS BANDLER, R STARUSZKIEWICZ, WF AF GECAN, JS BANDLER, R STARUSZKIEWICZ, WF TI FRESH AND FROZEN SHRIMP - A PROFILE OF FILTH, MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION, AND DECOMPOSITION SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID LISTERIA; PRODUCTS AB A 2-year nationwide survey was conducted by the Food and Drug Administration to provide current information about filth, decomposition, and microbiological contamination of domestic and imported fresh and frozen shrimp. Whole or equivalent filth insects, mostly ants, were found in 14.4% of the samples. Of countries contributing at least 10 samples for filth analysis, India had the highest percentage positive for filth insects (45.5%); the United States had the lowest (6.3%). Filth insect fragments were present in 5.4% of the samples. Incidental insects were present in 6.3% of the samples, with flies the most commonly found. Of countries contributing at least 10 samples for filth analysis, India had the highest percentage positive for incidental insects (27.3%); Ecuador had the lowest (2.3%). Unidentified insect fragments were found in 33.3% of the samples; cockroach excreta pellets were present in 2.1%, rat or mouse hairs in 5.7%, and other striated animal hairs in 15.3%. Of countries contributing at least 10 samples for filth analysis, the Philippines had the highest percentages positive (30.0 and 50.0%) for rat or mouse hairs and other striated hairs, respectively; Malaysia was close behind with 23.1 and 46.2%. Samples from the United States had the lowest percentage positive for rat or mouse hairs (0.9%) and other striated hairs (7.2%). Listeria spp. were found in 6.8% of the samples; Salmonella spp. were found in 8.1%. Some level of decomposition was observed in 15.4% of the samples tested organoleptically. C1 US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,OFF SEAFOOD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP GECAN, JS (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROANALYT EVALUAT,OFF PLANT & DAIRY FOODS & BEVERAGES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 57 IS 2 BP 154 EP & PG 0 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA MW756 UT WOS:A1994MW75600012 ER PT J AU KAYSNER, CA ABEYTA, C JINNEMAN, KC HILL, WE AF KAYSNER, CA ABEYTA, C JINNEMAN, KC HILL, WE TI ENUMERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS AND VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS BY DNA-DNA COLONY HYBRIDIZATION USING THE HYDROPHOBIC GRID MEMBRANE FILTRATION TECHNIQUE FOR ISOLATION SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Note AB We have developed a means of differentiating and enumerating Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus by DNA-DNA colony, hybridization directly on HGMF filters. V. parahaemolyticus can be detected by a tdh-3-radiolabeled gene probe and V. vulnificus detected by a specific cytotoxin-hemolysin-radiolabeled probe with enumeration directly from autoradiograms. This procedure is more rapid than current techniques allowing enumeration and identification of these two species in samples as diverse as seawater, oyster (Crassostrea gigas), and shrimp (Pandalidae family) within 4 d. Our method is based on a rapid technique (18 h) for isolation and enumeration of V. parahaemolyticus from food using a membrane filtration technique with hydrophobic grid filters (HGMF). With the HGMF method, however, it is not possible to differentiate V. parahaemolyticus from V. vulnificus since on the HGMF-sucrose-based agar used, the two species are indistinguishable as both species are unable to ferment sucrose. Using a combination of the HGMF and selective gene probes, these two species can be differentiated. RP KAYSNER, CA (reprint author), US FDA,SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 57 IS 2 BP 163 EP 165 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA MW756 UT WOS:A1994MW75600014 ER PT J AU FUKAZAWA, T WANG, J HUANG, F WEN, J TYAN, D WILLIAMS, KM RAYBOURNE, RB YU, DTY AF FUKAZAWA, T WANG, J HUANG, F WEN, J TYAN, D WILLIAMS, KM RAYBOURNE, RB YU, DTY TI TESTING THE IMPORTANCE OF EACH RESIDUE IN A HLA-B27-BINDING PEPTIDE USING MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS; HLA-B27; ASSOCIATION; ANTIGEN; MHC AB When a peptide derived from histone 3.3 was incubated with mouse L cells transfected with HLA-B27, the cells became highly reactive with Ye-2, an anti-HLA-B27 mAb. The critical residues were analyzed by testing analogues in which each of the nine residues in the peptide was consecutively substituted by 19 other amino acids. The conclusions were separately verified using a different HLA-B27-positive cell line. The ability of some of these peptides to bind to HLA-B27 was also assayed by their ability to stabilize HLA-B27 in a mutant cell line which required HLA-B27-binding peptides to express HLA-B27 at 37-degrees-C. These experiments showed that in P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, and P9, all 20 different amino acids could be substituted without eliminating the ability of the analogues to bind to HLA-B27. The residues which were responsible for the HLA-B27-peptide complex reacting with the Ye-2 antibody were P8 and P9. The latter might mediate its effect by altering either the surface conformation of the closely associated HLA-B27 heavy chain or the conformation of the peptide itself. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR REHABIL,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,1000 VET AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV MED GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,LAUREL,MD 20708. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; NIAMS NIH HHS [P01 AR40919] NR 8 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 1994 VL 152 IS 3 BP 1190 EP 1196 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MV630 UT WOS:A1994MV63000026 PM 8301123 ER PT J AU WANG, J YU, DTY FUKAZAWA, T KELLNER, H WEN, J CHENG, XK ROTH, G WILLIAMS, KM RAYBOURNE, RB AF WANG, J YU, DTY FUKAZAWA, T KELLNER, H WEN, J CHENG, XK ROTH, G WILLIAMS, KM RAYBOURNE, RB TI A MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY THAT RECOGNIZES HLA-B27 IN THE CONTEXT OF PEPTIDES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MHC; ANTIGEN AB The T2 mutant cell line is unable to load peptides into the MHC class I Ags inside the cells. These ''empty'' MHC class I Ags are not expressed on the cell surface unless the cells are cultured at low temperatures. Expression will occur at 37-degrees-C only in the presence of peptides that bind to and stabilize the class I Ags. T2 cells transfected with the B*2705 gene were tested with a panel of anti-HLA-B27 mAb. Two of the antibodies, ME1 and KS3, reacted with the ''empty'' HLA-B27 expressed at low culture temperatures. Three antibodies, B27.M1, B27.M2, and Ye-2, were unreactive with these ''empty'' HLA-B27. The cells were then incubated with a panel of HLA-B27-binding peptides. One of the antibodies, Ye-2, became reactive when the cells were incubated with a peptide derived from HIV gp120 and to a less degree with a peptide derived from histone H3.3. Mouse L cells transfected with the B*2705 and the human beta2m genes also reacted very poorly with B27.M1, B27.M2, and Ye-2. Those two peptides were also able to induce high increase in Ye-2 reactivity. Alternately, increase in Ye-2 reactivity was also observed when the L cells were incubated with IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha. These experiments indicate that the Ye-2 anti-HLA-B27 mAb recognizes HLA-B27 in the context of certain residing peptides either added exogenously or expressed endogenously. The B27.M1 and B27.M2 antibodies might share similar characteristics. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR REHABIL,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,1000 VET AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,LAUREL,MD 20708. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; NIAMS NIH HHS [P01 AR40919] NR 18 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 1994 VL 152 IS 3 BP 1197 EP 1205 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MV630 UT WOS:A1994MV63000027 PM 8301124 ER PT J AU GRUBER, MF WILLIAMS, CC GERRARD, TL AF GRUBER, MF WILLIAMS, CC GERRARD, TL TI MACROPHAGE-COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR EXPRESSION BY ANTI-CD45 STIMULATED HUMAN MONOCYTES IS TRANSCRIPTIONALLY UP-REGULATED BY IL-1-BETA AND INHIBITED BY IL-4 AND IL-10 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; BLOOD MONOCYTES; GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN CSF-1; CELL-LINE; INTERLEUKIN-1; PROLIFERATION; PRECURSORS; SECRETION; TRIGGERS AB Macrophage (M)-CSF is a survival and differentiation factor for mononuclear phagocytes. Stimulation of human monocytes with immobilized mAb directed to CD45 induces M-CSF message and small amounts of protein, which is strongly augmented by costimulation with IL-1beta. This study was undertaken to study the mechanisms leading to the IL-1beta-induced up-regulation of M-CSF production and to determine how the antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10, affect M-CSF production in this system. We demonstrate that IL-1beta enhanced M-CSF mRNA levels, in part, by increasing M-CSF gene transcription but had no effect on M-CSF message half-life. The enhancement of M-CSF message levels in the presence of IL-1beta was blocked by cycloheximide, suggesting that de novo protein synthesis was required. Moreover, soluble IL-1 receptors inhibited the effect of IL-1beta on M-CSF production thus confirming that these effects were IL-1 receptor mediated. Both IL-4 and IL-10 strongly inhibited M-CSF secretion by anti-CD45/IL-1beta-induced monocytes that was accompanied by decreased M-CSF message levels. IL-4 and IL-10 repressed M-CSF gene transcription but did not affect M-CSF message half-life. These findings demonstrate that IL-1beta, at least in part, transcriptionally up-regulates M-CSF production in anti-CD45-stimulated human monocytes, a process that can be negatively regulated by both IL-4 and IL-10. These results suggest that IL-1beta, IL-4, and IL-10 control the survival and differentiation of human monocytes through a regulation of autocrine M-CSF production. RP GRUBER, MF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,RM 2A-21,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 27 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD FEB 1 PY 1994 VL 152 IS 3 BP 1354 EP 1361 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MV630 UT WOS:A1994MV63000045 PM 8301137 ER PT J AU NEDJAR, S MITCHELL, F BISWAS, R AF NEDJAR, S MITCHELL, F BISWAS, R TI SIMULTANEOUS AMPLIFICATION AND DETECTION OF SPECIFIC HEPATITIS-B VIRUS AND HEPATITIS-C VIRUS GENOMIC SEQUENCES IN SERUM SAMPLES SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HBV-DNA; HCV-RNA; PCR COAMPLIFICATION DETECTION ID NON-A; CHIMPANZEES; INFECTION; ASSAY AB A sensitive and specific two-stage polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was developed for the simultaneous amplification and detection of specific genomic sequences of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in serum samples. Initially, HCV-RNA was reverse transcribed to cDNA. This cDNA and DNA from HBV were then co-amplified using primer pairs derived from conserved regions of HBV and HCV nucleotide sequences. The specificity of PCR products was confirmed by liquid hybridization analysis using P-32 end-labeled oligomer probes specific for the target HBV and HCV nucleotide sequences. Independent human serum samples, positive and negative by PCR for both HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA, were used as controls. We tested sera from nine donors, of which seven were reactive for HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HCV (multi-antigen test), one of whom was reactive for anti-HCV and anti-HBc, and one of whom was reactive for HBsAg and anti-HBc. The assay detected HBV- and HCV-specific genomic sequences in eight of eight sera reactive for both HBV and HCV serological markers and also in the serum that was reactive for HBV markers only. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS TRANSMITTED DIS,HEPATITIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 42 IS 2 BP 212 EP 216 DI 10.1002/jmv.1890420221 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA MT785 UT WOS:A1994MT78500020 PM 8158116 ER PT J AU CHIARELLI, MP LAY, JO AF CHIARELLI, MP LAY, JO TI DIFFERENTIATION OF ISOMERIC C8-SUBSTITUTED AND N2-DEOXYGUANOSINE ADDUCTS OF 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE BY FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT AND TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID DNA ADDUCTS; RAT-LIVER; CARCINOGEN; IDENTIFICATION AB Product-ion studies of source-produced ions corresponding to acetylated and nonacetylated N2- and C8-substituted aminofluorene adducts of deoxyguanosine were conducted to identify specific fragmentation pathways differentiating the isomers and to determine the influence of the acetyl group on the fragmentation of the arylamide modified deoxyguanosine adducts. The collision-induced dissociation spectra of the BH2+ ion and other significant source-produced ions showed no evidence to suggest that ketene loss (deacetylation) resulted in significant alteration of the structure of the adducts. However, other significant ion formation processes, particularly loss of water from the N2-substituted arylamide did appear to require rearrangement, likely involving bond formation between the carcinogen moiety (acetyl group) and the N1 or N2 position of the guanine base. The combined loss of ketene and water constitute a fragmentation pattern specific for the N2-arylamide, 3-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,HFT 154,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT CHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204. RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 5 IS 2 BP 58 EP 63 DI 10.1016/1044-0305(94)85037-2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA MX063 UT WOS:A1994MX06300002 PM 24222516 ER PT J AU PEDERSOLI, WM RAVIS, WR JACKSON, J SHAIKH, B AF PEDERSOLI, WM RAVIS, WR JACKSON, J SHAIKH, B TI DISPOSITION AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF NEOMYCIN IN HOLSTEIN CALVES SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETICS; AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTICS; GENTAMICIN AB The disposition and absorption kinetics of neomycin were studied in healthy ruminating dairy calves (n = 6), approximately 3-months-old. The calves were treated with single intravenous (i.v.) (12 mg/kg), intramuscular (i.m.) (24 mg/kg), oral (p.o.) (96 mg/kg) and repeated p.o. (96 mg/kg, b.i.d., 15 1/2 days) doses of neomycin. A 3-week rest period was allowed between treatments A and B, and B and C. Baseline and serial venous blood samples were collected from each calf. Plasma concentrations of neomycin were determined by a high performance liquid chromatography procedure. The resulting data were evaluated by using compartmental pharmacokinetic models and nonlinear least squares regression analysis. The mean of some selected parameters were t1/2lambda3 7.48 +/- 2.02 h, Cl(t) = 0.25 +/- 0.04 L/h/kg, V(d(ss)) = 1.17 +/- 0.23 L/kg, and MRT = 4.63 +/- 0.87 h for the i.v. data and t1/2 = 11.5 +/- 3.8 h, MRT(abs) = 0.960 +/- 1.001 h, F = 127 +/- 35.2%, and Cl(t)/F = 0.199 +/- 0.047 L/h/kg for the i.m. data, respectively. Only one calf absorbed neomycin to any significant degree (F = 0.0042) after a single p.o. dose. Selected mean parameters determined after repeated oral dosing were: F = 0.45 +/- 0.45%, C(max) = 0.26 +/- 0.37 mug/ml, and t(max) = 2.6 +/- 2.9 h. Terminal half-lives determined for the i.v. and i.m. treatments were considerably longer than those reported previously in the literature. C1 US FDA,CVM,OSB,DIV RESIDUE CHEM,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. AUBURN UNIV,SCH PHARM,DEPT PHARMACAL SCI,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP PEDERSOLI, WM (reprint author), US FDA,CVM,OSB,DEPT ANIM RES,BARC E,BLDG 328-A,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0140-7783 J9 J VET PHARMACOL THER JI J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 17 IS 1 BP 5 EP 11 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2885.1994.tb00514.x PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Veterinary Sciences SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Veterinary Sciences GA MZ003 UT WOS:A1994MZ00300002 PM 8196095 ER PT J AU PETRICOIN, E DAVID, M FANG, H GRIMLEY, P LARNER, AC POL, SV AF PETRICOIN, E DAVID, M FANG, H GRIMLEY, P LARNER, AC POL, SV TI HUMAN CANCER CELL FINES EXPRESS A NEGATIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR OF THE INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR FAMILY OF DNA-BINDING PROTEINS SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16; VIRUS-40 LARGE-T; ADENOVIRUS E1A PROTEINS; FC-GAMMA RECEPTOR; ALPHA-INTERFERON; TYROSINE KINASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; FACTOR ISGF3; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; INVITRO ACTIVATION AB Members of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family of DNA binding transcription factors have roles in growth regulation, antiviral responses, and transcriptional induction of interferon (IFN)-activated early response genes. The IRF family member ISGF3 gamma is the DNA binding component of IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3), a multicomponent complex responsible for the stimulation of IFN-alpha-responsive genes. IFN-alpha-stimulated formation of ISGF3 and subsequent gene expression can be inhibited by phorbol esters or expression of the adenovirus E1A protein. We have investigated IFN signaling in human malignant tumor cell lines of the lung, colon, ovary, cervix, and hematopoietic organs and found some of these cells to be defective for IFN-alpha-induced formation of ISGF3. In many cases, an inhibitory activity termed transcriptional knockout (TKO) correlated with nonresponsiveness. TKO purified from a human papiliomavirus-negative cervical carcinoma cell line has a molecular size of 19 kDa. The purified protein interacted with the ISGF3 gamma component of ISGF3, preventing binding of ISGF3 to DNA. Purified TKO displaced ISGF3 from its DNA binding site in vitro and prevented ISGF3 gamma, IRF-1, and IRF-2 from interacting with the IFN-stimulated response element. Partially purified TKO can also directly interact with ISGF3 gamma in the absence of DNA. This protein may be involved with the development of malignancies and the inability of IFN to exert its antiproliferative and antiviral effects. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,TUMOR VIRUS BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 49 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 14 IS 2 BP 1477 EP 1486 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA NK734 UT WOS:A1994NK73400063 PM 8289823 ER PT J AU SNAWDER, JE ROE, AL BENSON, RW CASCIANO, DA ROBERTS, DW AF SNAWDER, JE ROE, AL BENSON, RW CASCIANO, DA ROBERTS, DW TI CYTOCHROME P450-DEPENDENT METABOLISM OF ACETAMINOPHEN IN 4 HUMAN TRANSGENIC LYMPHOBLASTOID CELL-LINES SO PHARMACOGENETICS LA English DT Note ID NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE DEMETHYLASE; MOUSE-LIVER; PROTEIN; ASSAY; ACTIVATION; OXIDATION; COMPETENT; TOXICITY; ENZYMES; ADDUCTS C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,DIV TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT MOLEC BIOL & BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SNAWDER, JE (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0960-314X J9 PHARMACOGENETICS JI Pharmacogenetics PD FEB PY 1994 VL 4 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1097/00008571-199402000-00006 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ND091 UT WOS:A1994ND09100006 PM 8004132 ER PT J AU MEDLOCK, KL FORRESTER, TM SHEEHAN, DM AF MEDLOCK, KL FORRESTER, TM SHEEHAN, DM TI PROGESTERONE AND ESTRADIOL INTERACTION IN THE REGULATION OF RAT UTERINE WEIGHT AND ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR CONCENTRATION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; DOWN-REGULATION; MESSENGER-RNA; UTERUS; MECHANISM; TURNOVER AB Autologous down-regulation of hormone receptors has been shown for several steroid hormones. We have previously shown estradiol (E(2)) regulates estrogen receptor (ER) in ovarlectomized (OVX) rats. These studies have been extended to investigate the interaction between progesterone (P) and E(2) in the regulation of ER and uterine weight. We implanted Silastic capsules containing varying concentrations of E(2) (0.0005 mg E(2)/ml to 5.0 mg E(2)/ml of sesame oil) Into adult female Sprague-Dawley rats one week after OVX. Simultaneously with implantation, P injections were started (sc in sesame oil) at doses of 1-40 mg/day for three days. In the absence of P, the 0.05 mg E(2)/ml implant significantly increased total ER levels (measured by cytosol and nuclear exchange assays) by 25%, while the two highest concentrations of E(2) (0.5 and 5.0 mg E(2)/ml) significantly decreased cytosol and total ER levels by at least 40%. No P dose altered ER levels in OVX rats or in rats given E(2) implants of 0.01 mg E(2)/ml or lower. At E(2) implant concentrations of 0.05 mg E(2)/ml and higher, P decreased total ER levels 30%-50% compared to the appropriate E(2)-only controls. P increased uterine weight by 25% in OVX controls end in rats treated with E(2) implants of 0.01 mg E(2)/ml and below. In contrast, P inhibited uterine weight gain induced by 0.05-5.0 mg/E(2) ml implants by 20%-30%; maximal inhibition occurred at 5 mg/day of P and above. These data demonstrate that P increases uterine weight but does not alter ER concentration in rats with low E(2) levels (OVX or low E(2) concentration implants) but decreases uterine weight and down-regulates ER at higher E(2) levels, regardless of whether ER is upregulated or down-regulated by E(2). C1 AGCY TOX SUBST & DIS REGISTRY,DIV HLTH ASSESSMENT & CONSULTAT,REMEDIAL PROGRAMS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. RP MEDLOCK, KL (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,HFT-130,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 205 IS 2 BP 146 EP 153 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA NF385 UT WOS:A1994NF38500007 PM 8108464 ER PT J AU YORK, JL WOLFF, GL AF YORK, JL WOLFF, GL TI GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY AND ISOENZYME CONCENTRATIONS IN OBESE A(VY)/A AND LEAN A/A MICE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE; GENETIC OBESITY; INDUCTION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ENZYMES AB To assist in defining the mechanism(s) by which the activity of hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) is decreased in obese rodents, the cytosolic concentrations of individual GST isozymes were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. For this purpose, liver cytosols from 8- and 16-week-old obese yellow A(vy)/a and lean black a/a male and female mice of the inbred VY/WffC3Hf/Nctr-A(vy) strain were assayed. Obese yellow males contained less hepatic GT-9.0 than lean black males; however, there were no differences between the obese and lean females. GT-9.0 concentration, which is induced by testosterone, was several-fold higher in males than in females, regardless of genotype or body weight. No differences in concentrations of other isozymes were detected. Hepatic GST activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene was significantly higher in lean males than In obese males; however, there were no differences between obese and lean females. Lean males had higher activity than lean females; but obese males and females had similar enzyme activities. These changes in enzyme activity can be accounted for by the changes In GT-9.0 concentration measured by HPLC. Lung and testes cytosols were also assayed for GST Isozyme concentrations. No differences in any isozyme concentration were found between the sexes or the genotypes in the lung or between genotypes in the testes. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 205 IS 2 BP 186 EP 189 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA NF385 UT WOS:A1994NF38500013 PM 8108470 ER PT J AU ALTEKRUSE, S HYMAN, F KLONTZ, K TIMBO, B TOLLEFSON, L AF ALTEKRUSE, S HYMAN, F KLONTZ, K TIMBO, B TOLLEFSON, L TI FOODBORNE BACTERIAL-INFECTIONS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH THE HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SALMONELLA BACTEREMIA; SPORADIC LISTERIOSIS; EPIDEMIC LISTERIOSIS; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; UNITED-STATES; AIDS; PATIENT; MENINGITIS AB The literature contains reports documenting a foodborne etiology for bacterial infections caused by Salmonella spp, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, and Vibrio spp in individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The incidence of these infections and the life-threatening complications that result are elevated in people with HIV infection. We present practical recommendations to prevent foodborne illnesses and the resulting complications, including gastroenteritis, bacteremia, meningitis, and death. We suggest that patients with HIV infection be counseled to avoid foods at high risk for harboring bacterial pathogens and to use careful sanitary practices in food preparation. RP ALTEKRUSE, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MARKET STUDIES,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,HFS-728,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 59 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD FEB PY 1994 VL 87 IS 2 BP 169 EP 173 DI 10.1097/00007611-199402000-00003 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MZ120 UT WOS:A1994MZ12000003 PM 8115877 ER PT J AU LUECKE, RH WOSILAIT, WD PEARCE, BA YOUNG, JF AF LUECKE, RH WOSILAIT, WD PEARCE, BA YOUNG, JF TI A PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED PHARMACOKINETIC COMPUTER-MODEL FOR HUMAN-PREGNANCY SO TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAT; DISPOSITION; EQUATIONS; ACID AB A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for human pregnancy must incorporate many factors that are not usually encountered in PBPK models of mature animals. Models for pregnancy must include the large changes that take place in the mother, the placenta and the embryo/fetus over the period of pregnancy. The embryo/fetal weight change was modeled using the Gompertz equation for growth which gave a good fit to extensive pooled weight data of the human embryo/fetus from 25 to 300 days of gestation. This equation is based on a growth rate that is proportional to the total weight of the organism with the proportionality factor decreasing exponentially with time. Allometric equations, which are widely used to relate organ weights, blood flow rates and other attributes of mature animals to total weight, were adapted to correlate fetal organ weights with total fetal weight. Allometric relationships were also developed for plasma flow rates and other organ-related parameters. The computer model, written in FORTRAN 77, included 27 compartments for the mother and 16 for the fetus; it also accommodates two substances allowing representation of a parent compound and a metabolite (or a second drug or environmental substance). Although this model is large, the inherent sparsity in the equations allow it to be solved numerically in a reasonable time on currently available, reasonably priced desktop computers. A nonlinear regression routine is included to fit key model parameters to experimental data. Concentrations of chemicals administered and measured in the mother may be simulated in both maternal and fetal organs at any day(s) between 25 days and 300 days of gestation. Allometric relationships are also utilized to adopt this human model for use with data obtained from animal experiments. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT CHEM ENGN,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT PHARMACOL,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. FU FDA HHS [FDA 224-89-0008] NR 30 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0040-3709 J9 TERATOLOGY JI Teratology PD FEB PY 1994 VL 49 IS 2 BP 90 EP 103 DI 10.1002/tera.1420490205 PG 14 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA MZ112 UT WOS:A1994MZ11200004 PM 8016750 ER PT J AU BISWAS, RM NEDJAR, S WILSON, LT MITCHELL, FD SNOY, PJ FINLAYSON, JS TANKERSLEY, DL AF BISWAS, RM NEDJAR, S WILSON, LT MITCHELL, FD SNOY, PJ FINLAYSON, JS TANKERSLEY, DL TI THE EFFECT ON THE SAFETY OF INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN OF TESTING PLASMA FOR ANTIBODY TO HEPATITIS-C SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; INFECTION; FRACTIONATION; CHIMPANZEES; PREVENTION; PATTERNS; IMMUNITY AB Background: The safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IGIV), manufactured from units testing negative for antibody to hepatitis C virus !anti-HCV), was investigated. Study Design and Methods: A study involving five chimpanzees was performed to determine whether the safety of IGIV would be compromised if units of plasma that reacted for anti-HCV were withheld from pools from which IGIV is manufactured. In the first phase of the experiment, two chimpanzees were infused with 25 mt per kg of unprocessed, pooled plasma from 2887 donors who did not react for anti-HCV in single-antigen (c100-3) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In the second phase, each of three chimpanzees was Infused with 1000 mg per kg of IGIV manufactured from the same plasma units. The immunoglobulin was made by seven United States-licensed manufacturers, each using its own approved method. Each chimpanzee received an equal dose of each manufacturer's IGIV. Results: The two chimpanzees that received anti-c100-3-nonreactive, unprocessed pooled plasma became infected with HCV. The three chimpanzees infused with IGIV did not show any evidence of infection with HCV 15 months after inoculation. Two of these animals were challenged with human non-A,non-B hepatitis-infectious plasma, and both subsequently showed evidence of HCV infection. Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that, as determined by infectivity for chimpanzees, 1) the withholding of plasma units that react for anti-c100-3 from pools from which plasma products are manufactured does not render the source material noninfectious, and 2) the safety of IGIV manufactured from such plasma pools is not compromised by withholding the units that react for anti-c100-3. C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV VET SCI,BETHESDA,MD. US FDA,CBER,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD. RP BISWAS, RM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV TRANSFUS TRANSMITTED DIS,HEPATITIS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20852, USA. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD FEB PY 1994 VL 34 IS 2 BP 100 EP 104 DI 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1994.34294143934.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MW156 UT WOS:A1994MW15600003 PM 7508642 ER PT J AU ZOON, KC AF ZOON, KC TI MINNESOTA DRUG SALES SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP ZOON, KC (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 28 PY 1994 VL 263 IS 5146 BP 453 EP 453 DI 10.1126/science.8290945 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MT966 UT WOS:A1994MT96600002 PM 8290945 ER PT J AU BROWNSTEIN, A FRICKE, W AF BROWNSTEIN, A FRICKE, W TI HIV TRANSMISSION BETWEEN 2 ADOLESCENT BROTHERS WITH HEMOPHILIA (REPRINTED FROM MMWR, VOL 42, PG 948-951, 1993) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV HIV AIDS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. RP BROWNSTEIN, A (reprint author), NATL HEMOPHILIA FDN,NEW YORK,NY, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 26 PY 1994 VL 271 IS 4 BP 262 EP 264 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MR221 UT WOS:A1994MR22100006 ER PT J AU WEISZ, A SCHER, AL SHINOMIYA, K FALES, HM ITO, Y AF WEISZ, A SCHER, AL SHINOMIYA, K FALES, HM ITO, Y TI A NEW PREPARATIVE-SCALE PURIFICATION TECHNIQUE - PH-ZONE-REFINING COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DISPLACEMENT CHROMATOGRAPHY AB A novel countercurrent chromatographic technique is described for the preparative separation-with excellent resolution-of up to multigram quantities of organic acids. This separation is accomplished by addition of a simple acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid) to the sample solution or stationary phase, followed by isocratic elution with a basic mobile phase. The acids elute as well-resolved rectangularly shaped peaks. This technique should rind widespread application in any organic chemistry laboratory for the separation of crude mixtures and for the purification of isolated acids. C1 NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,OFF COSMET & COLORS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 12 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JAN 26 PY 1994 VL 116 IS 2 BP 704 EP 708 DI 10.1021/ja00081a035 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MV283 UT WOS:A1994MV28300035 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI WARNING ABOUT UNSAFE ELECTRODE LEAD WIRES AND PATIENT CABLES USED WITH MEDICAL DEVICES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LANE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 19 PY 1994 VL 271 IS 3 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MQ645 UT WOS:A1994MQ64500008 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW MAMMOGRAPHY QUALITY STANDARDS ISSUED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LANE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 19 PY 1994 VL 271 IS 3 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MQ645 UT WOS:A1994MQ64500007 ER PT J AU CONRAD, C HEMPHILL, K WILSON, S MCFARLAND, L COULBOURNE, K QARNI, S POSTER, S GROVES, C SLEMP, C BUTLER, E MATUSZAK, D DWYER, D ISRAEL, E CIRINO, J CUMBERLAND, D POLLACK, L CURRIER, M MORRIS, H BISSETT, M EVANS, S RESPESS, B JENKINS, B MAILLARD, J MERIWETHER, R MACCORMACK, JN CREASY, B VEAZEY, J CALCI, K RIPPEY, S HOSKIN, G AF CONRAD, C HEMPHILL, K WILSON, S MCFARLAND, L COULBOURNE, K QARNI, S POSTER, S GROVES, C SLEMP, C BUTLER, E MATUSZAK, D DWYER, D ISRAEL, E CIRINO, J CUMBERLAND, D POLLACK, L CURRIER, M MORRIS, H BISSETT, M EVANS, S RESPESS, B JENKINS, B MAILLARD, J MERIWETHER, R MACCORMACK, JN CREASY, B VEAZEY, J CALCI, K RIPPEY, S HOSKIN, G TI MULTISTATE OUTBREAK OF VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS RELATED TO CONSUMPTION OF OYSTERS - 1993 (REPRINTED FROM MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT, VOL 42, PG 945, 1993) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 LOUISIANA DEPT HLTH & HOSP,MOLLUSCAN SHELLFISH PROGRAM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70821. LOUISIANA DEPT HLTH & HOSP,OFF PUBL HLTH,BATON ROUGE,LA 70821. TALBOT CTY HLTH DEPT,EASTON,MD. BALTIMORE CTY DEPT HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD. HARFORD CTY HLTH DEPT,BEL AIR,MD. MARYLAND DEPT HLTH & MENTAL HYG,BALTIMORE,MD. MISSISSIPPI DEPT HLTH,BUR MARINE RESOURCES,JACKSON,MS. BEAUFORT CTY HLTH DEPT,WASHINGTON,DC. N CAROLINA DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH & NAT RESOURCES,RALEIGH,NC. CTR DIS CONTROL,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,EPIDEMIOL PROGRAM OFF,DIV FIELD EPIDEMIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP CONRAD, C (reprint author), LOUISIANA DEPT HLTH & HOSP,SEAFOOD SANITAT PROGRAM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70821, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 19 PY 1994 VL 271 IS 3 BP 183 EP & PG 0 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MQ645 UT WOS:A1994MQ64500011 ER PT J AU BISHOP, KD BLOCKER, FJH EGAN, W JAMES, TL AF BISHOP, KD BLOCKER, FJH EGAN, W JAMES, TL TI HEPATITIS-B VIRUS DIRECT REPEAT SEQUENCE - IMINO PROTON-EXCHANGE RATES AND DISTANCE AND TORSION ANGLE RESTRAINTS FROM NMR SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; RELAXATION MATRIX ANALYSIS; 2-DIMENSIONAL NOE SPECTROSCOPY; OVERHAUSER EFFECT SPECTRA; PEAK FINE-STRUCTURES; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; SIGNAL SUPPRESSION; COUPLING-CONSTANTS; H-1-NMR SPECTRA; DNA OCTAMER AB Structural features of a trisdecamer duplex, [d(GGCAGAGGTGAAA).d(TTTCACCTCTGCC)], in solution are being investigated by proton one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectroscopy. This DNA sequence is comprised of the 11-base-pair direct repeat sequence found in the hepatitis B viral genome with an additional base pair from the genome included on each end to minimize end effects on the 11-bp sequence of interest. The direct repeat sequence occurs twice in the viral genome; both are essential for initiation of DNA synthesis. The critical nature of this sequence suggests it may be a target to control replication of the virus. Elucidation of the structure of the direct repeat sequence could prove to be beneficial in targeting efforts. Structural determination via restrained molecular dynamics requires experimentally derived distance restraints. The ability to determine solution structures of biomolecules by NMR spectroscopy is limited by the quality and quantity of distance and torsion angle restraints that can be extracted from the NMR data. Techniques used to establish these restraints are constantly evolving and improving. Modifications in procedure are applied to the trisdecamer duplex to yield improvements in the determination of sugar conformations from COSY data and a substantial increase in the number of distance restraints typically garnered from 2D NOE intensity data. This increase in the number of distance restraints normally obtained from 2D NOE intensities was accomplished by utilizing a new version of the iterative complete relaxation matrix program MARDIGRAS with intensities extracted from a 2D NOE data set acquired in 90% H2O. The exchange rate of the imino and amino protons with the solvent water protons can now be included in the relaxation matrix calculations, thereby providing more accurate distances when utilizing the 2D NOE cross-peaks involving at least one exchangeable proton. In this lab, analysis of two-quantum-filtered correlation (2QF-COSY) spectra to determine the conformational states of the sugar moieties typically employs the program package SPHINX/LINSHA to simulate the scalar coupling effects manifest in the cross-peaks. With enough data, we typically find that a single conformer is inadequate to describe sugar pucker, but a rapid two-state equilibrium is consistent with all the data. In the process, a large number of cross-peaks are simulated with a range of possible sugar conformation ratios, amplitudes, and line widths. A limitation of this procedure is the possibility of producing a nonunique solution. These methods rely on the ability to match the appearance of simulated cross-peaks with real data. The method described here utilizes the same program for simulating 2QF-COSY peaks, but uses some measured coupling constants and estimated line widths from E.COSY spectra as input for synthesis of the cross-peaks. The validity of the measurements was checked by comparing the simulated cross-peaks with experimental cross-peaks. Results of the COSY analysis and MARDIGRAS calculations provided 501 interproton distance restraints and deoxyribose torsion angle restraints for 22 of the 26 residues. Some interesting features are apparent in the d(CACC).(GTGG) region of the duplex. Two residues in this region exhibit an unusually small amount of C2'-endo sugar conformational characteristics, and the thymidine imino has an exchange rate twice that of the other nonterminal thymidine residues. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01695]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM39247, GM41639] NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 18 PY 1994 VL 33 IS 2 BP 427 EP 438 DI 10.1021/bi00168a006 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MR493 UT WOS:A1994MR49300006 PM 8286373 ER PT J AU WEISZ, A ANDRZEJEWSKI, D HIGHET, RJ ITO, Y AF WEISZ, A ANDRZEJEWSKI, D HIGHET, RJ ITO, Y TI PREPARATIVE SEPARATION OF COMPONENTS OF THE COLOR ADDITIVE FD-AND-C RED NO-3 (ERYTHROSINE) BY PH-ZONE-REFINING COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Preparative Chromatography CY JUN 14-16, 1993 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP WASHINGTON CHROMATOG DISCUSS GRP ID PURIFICATION AB The components in 3 g of the commercial color additive FD&C Red No. 3 were separated by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography. The main component, 2',4',5',7' -tetraiodofluorescein, and two positional isomeric lower-iodinated subsidiary colors, 2',4',5'-triiodofluorescein and 2',4',7'-triiodoffuorescein, were isolated and characterized by H-1 NMR and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. C1 US FDA,OFF SCI ANAL & SUPPORT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NHLBI,BIOPHYS CHEM LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP WEISZ, A (reprint author), US FDA,OFF COSMET & COLORS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD JAN 14 PY 1994 VL 658 IS 2 BP 505 EP 510 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(94)80042-1 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA MW231 UT WOS:A1994MW23100031 ER PT J AU ASAFUADJAYE, EB SU, SY SHIU, GK AF ASAFUADJAYE, EB SU, SY SHIU, GK TI SWITCHING-VALVE FILTER TECHNIQUE FOR THE DIRECT-INJECTION AND ANALYSIS OF DRUGS IN PLASMA USING HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SERUM; PRECOLUMN; ELUENTS AB An automated technique involving switching valves and a filter assembly has been developed and evaluated for the on-line precipitation of proteins and peptides from plasma samples. In the set-up, the proteins were precipitated on-line by injecting the plasma sample into a stream of organic precipitating agent. The precipitates so formed are filtered on-line by a set of filter assemblies consisting of ordinary in-line HPLC solvent filters. Evaluation of the technique was performed using ibuprofen and a mixture of three estrogens, estradiol, equilin and estrone, spiked in dog plasma. The coefficients of variation (C.V.) for system suitability parameters were below 10%. Absolute recovery of ibuprofen in plasma ranged from 80% for 100 mug/ml to 114% for 5 mug/ml spiked concentrations, respectively. Resolution for equilin and estrone, two closely eluting peaks, was 1.79 (C.V. = 5.8%, n = 7). The switching-valve-filter assembly had no significant effect on the efficiency of the HPLC system. RP ASAFUADJAYE, EB (reprint author), US FDA,CDER,OGD,GENER DRUGS RES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B-Biomed. Appl. PD JAN 14 PY 1994 VL 652 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0378-4347(93)E0372-W PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ND216 UT WOS:A1994ND21600005 PM 8014225 ER PT J AU WEISZ, K SHAFER, RH EGAN, W JAMES, TL AF WEISZ, K SHAFER, RH EGAN, W JAMES, TL TI SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF THE OCTAMER MOTIF IN IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENES VIA RESTRAINED MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS CALCULATIONS SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; OVERHAUSER EFFECT SPECTRA; RELAXATION MATRIX ANALYSIS; INTERPROTON DISTANCE RESTRAINTS; NOE-BASED REFINEMENT; B-DNA; CURVED DNA; A-DNA; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE STRUCTURES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES AB The solution structure of the DNA decamer d(CATTTGCATC).d(GATGCAAATG), comprising the octamer motif of immunoglobulin genes, is determined by restrained molecular dynamics (rMD) simulations. The restraint data set includes interproton distances and torsion angles for the deoxyribose sugar ring which were previously obtained by a complete relaxation matrix analysis of the two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement (2D NOE) intensities and by the quantitative simulation of cross-peaks in double-quantum-filtered correlated (2QF-COSY) spectra. The influence of torsion angles and the number of experimental distance restraints on the structural refinement has been systematically examined. Omitting part of the experimental NOE-derived distances results in reduced restraint violations and lower R factors but impairs structural convergence in the rMD refinement. Eight separate restrained molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for 20 ps each, starting from either energy-minimized A- or B-DNA. Mutual atomic root-mean-square (rms) differences among the refined structures are well below 1 angstrom and comparable to the rms fluctuations of the atoms about their average position, indicating convergence to essentially identical structures. The average refined structure was subjected to an additional 100 ps of rMD simulations and analyzed in terms of average torsion angles and helical parameters. The B-type duplex exhibits clear sequence-dependent variations in its geometry with a narrow minor groove at the T3.A3 tract and a large positive roll at the subsequent TG.CA step. This is accompanied by a noticeable bend of the global helix axis into the major groove. There is also evidence of significant flexibility of the sugar-phosphate backbone with rapid interconversion among different conformers. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PHARMACEUT CHEM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT RADIOL,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA27343]; NCRR NIH HHS [1 P41 RR06009]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM39247] NR 88 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JAN 11 PY 1994 VL 33 IS 1 BP 354 EP 366 DI 10.1021/bi00167a046 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MQ877 UT WOS:A1994MQ87700047 PM 8286357 ER PT J AU ZHANG, K MAX, EE CHEAH, HK SAXON, A AF ZHANG, K MAX, EE CHEAH, HK SAXON, A TI COMPLEX ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING OF EPSILON-IMMUNOGLOBULIN TRANSCRIPTS PRODUCES MESSENGER-RNAS ENCODING 4 POTENTIAL SECRETED PROTEIN ISOFORMS SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IGE PRODUCTION; SINGLE GENE; B-CELLS; PATHWAYS; EXONS AB In RNA from human IgE-producing lymphocytes, we previously discovered two alternatively spliced epsilon-immunoglobulin mRNA isoforms that encode a novel secreted form of IgE and a membrane-bound species. Further analysis using epsilon-specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions has elucidated several additional alternatively spliced species of epsilon mRNA. One RNA isoform is generated by splicing the CH4 exon to a novel distal splice acceptor site, forming an epsilon RNA species (designated CH4-M2'') that encodes a secreted epsilon protein 6 amino acids larger than the classic secreted epsilon protein. The other three novel epsilon RNAs are generated by splicing from within CH4 to a new exon structure (designated CH5) that is located between CH4 and the membrane exons. Since the three new mRNAs using CH5 share the same stop codon in CH5, they all encode the same novel protein, which is 10 amino acids shorter than the classic secreted epsilon heavy chain. The new alternatively spliced epsilon mRNAs reported here, in addition to the previously reported forms encoding membrane and larger secreted IgE, appear to reflect the normal splicing pattern in humans, as we have detected all these epsilon RNAs in all the human IgE-secreting cells and cell lines tested. C1 US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP ZHANG, K (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV CLIN IMMUNOL ALLERGY, HART & LOUISE LYON LAB, CTR HLTH SCI 52175, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-30515]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-34567, AI-15251] NR 21 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JAN 7 PY 1994 VL 269 IS 1 BP 456 EP 462 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MR219 UT WOS:A1994MR21900076 PM 8276835 ER PT J AU KADLUBAR, FF AF KADLUBAR, FF TI RETHINKING THE ROLE OF INTESTINAL MICROFLORA IN BIOACTIVATION OF FOOD-BORNE HETEROCYCLIC AMINE CARCINOGENS SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Editorial Material RP KADLUBAR, FF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,HFT-100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD JAN 5 PY 1994 VL 86 IS 1 BP 5 EP 5 DI 10.1093/jnci/86.1.5 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MP650 UT WOS:A1994MP65000002 PM 8271284 ER PT J AU MERKEL, T STIBITZ, S AF MERKEL, T STIBITZ, S TI GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF VIRULENCE REGULATION IN BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP MERKEL, T (reprint author), NIDR,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 4 PY 1994 SU 18A BP 66 EP 66 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA MV412 UT WOS:A1994MV41200232 ER PT J AU STIBITZ, S CARBONETTI, N AF STIBITZ, S CARBONETTI, N TI GENETIC-MAPPING BY CONJUGATION IN BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS - IDENTIFICATION OF A NEW LOCUS AFFECTING TOXIN EXPRESSION SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UMAB,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 4 PY 1994 SU 18A BP 67 EP 67 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA MV412 UT WOS:A1994MV41200234 ER PT J AU BURNS, DL JOHNSON, FD AF BURNS, DL JOHNSON, FD TI IDENTIFICATION AND LOCALIZATION OF ACCESSORY PROTEINS NECESSARY FOR EXPORT OF PERTUSSIS TOXIN FROM BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 4 PY 1994 SU 18A BP 68 EP 68 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA MV412 UT WOS:A1994MV41200238 ER PT J AU SGADARI, C ANGIOLILLO, A TAGA, K LOVE, LA BATHIA, K TOSATO, G AF SGADARI, C ANGIOLILLO, A TAGA, K LOVE, LA BATHIA, K TOSATO, G TI REGRESSION OF EXPERIMENTAL BURKITTS-LYMPHOMA INDUCED BY EBV IMMORTALIZED B-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Sgadari, Cecilia/H-4302-2016 OI Sgadari, Cecilia/0000-0003-0364-4912 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 4 PY 1994 SU 18A BP 329 EP 329 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA MV412 UT WOS:A1994MV41201124 ER PT S AU LEVERICH, MK SILBERBERG, JL WEININGER, S AF LEVERICH, MK SILBERBERG, JL WEININGER, S GP IEEE COMP SOC TI DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTICHANNEL SIGNAL-ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR RECORDING AN APNEA WAVE-FORM DATABASE SO 1994 IEEE SEVENTH SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS SE COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL IEEE SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems CY JUN 11-12, 1994 CL WINSTON SALEM, NC SP IEEE, COMP SOC, IEEE, ENGN MED & BIOL SOC, IEEE, WINSTON SALEM CHAPTER, WAKE FOREST UNIV, BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E, COMPUTER SOC PRESS PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720 SN 1063-7125 BN 0-8186-6257-3 J9 COMP MED SY PY 1994 BP 213 EP 216 DI 10.1109/CBMS.1994.316014 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medicine, General & Internal SC Computer Science; General & Internal Medicine GA BB17X UT WOS:A1994BB17X00039 ER PT S AU HARRIS, GR AF HARRIS, GR BE Levy, M Schneider, SC McAvoy, BR TI PRESSURE PULSE DISTORTION BY HYDROPHONES DUE TO DIMINISHED LOW FREQUENCY RESPONSE SO 1994 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1994 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium CY NOV 01-04, 1994 CL CANNES, FRANCE SP IEEE, ULTRASON FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & READIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-2012-3 J9 ULTRASON PY 1994 BP 1751 EP 1755 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BC66H UT WOS:A1994BC66H00358 ER PT J AU AZIZ, K SHOEMAKER, B AF AZIZ, K SHOEMAKER, B BE Healy, S TI CLIA-88 AND THE EVALUATION OF IMMUNOASSAY SYSTEMS SO 20TH NATIONAL MEETING, CLINICAL LIGAND ASSAY SOCIETY, APRIL 26-30, 1994, KISSIMMEE, FLORIDA: SYLLABUS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th National Meeting of the Clinical Ligand Assay Society CY APR 26-30, 1994 CL KISSIMMEE, FL SP CLIN LIGAND ASSAY SOC C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLINICAL LIGAND ASSAY SOC INC PI WAYNE PA PO BOX 67, WAYNE, MI 48184 PY 1994 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Laboratory Technology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Medical Laboratory Technology GA BA98L UT WOS:A1994BA98L00018 ER PT J AU FLEISCHMAN, GJ AF FLEISCHMAN, GJ GP INT MICROWAVE POWER INST TI TEMPERATURE RANGES IN SOLIDS UNDERGOING PROLONGED LOW-POWER MICROWAVE HEATING SO 29TH MICROWAVE POWER SYMPOSIUM - PROCEEDINGS: A FORUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC TECHNOLOGY & APPLICATIONS FROM AROUND THE WORLD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th Microwave Power Symposium CY JUL 25-27, 1994 CL CHICAGO, IL SP INT MICROWAVE POWER INST C1 US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT MICROWAVE POWER INST PI MANASSAS PA 10210 LEATHERLEAF COURT, MANASSAS, VA 22111 PY 1994 BP 205 EP 206 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BB84X UT WOS:A1994BB84X00060 ER PT J AU SCHWARZ, TL AF SCHWARZ, TL GP R & D ASSOC MILITARY FOOD & PACKAGING SYST TI FOOD SAFETY CONCERNS OF FDA SO ACTIVITIES REPORT AND MINUTES OF WORK GROUPS & SUB-WORK GROUPS OF THE R & D ASSOCIATES: ACTIVITIES REPORT OF THE R & D ASSOCIATION SE ACTIVITIES REPORT OF THE R&D ASSOCIATES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Fall Meeting of R and D Associates - Food Safety: A Comprehensive View CY OCT 05-07, 1993 CL BOSTON, MA SP R & D ASSOC MILITARY FOOD & PACKING SYST C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOC MILITARY FOOD PACKAGING SYSTEM PI SAN ANTONIO PA 16607 BLANCO RD, SUITE 305, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78232 SN 0198-0181 J9 ACT REP R&D PY 1994 VL 46 IS 1 BP 14 EP 18 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB01G UT WOS:A1994BB01G00003 ER PT J AU SPILLER, P AF SPILLER, P GP R & D ASSOC MILITARY FOOD & PACKAGING SYST TI FDA SEAFOOD HACCP INSPECTION SO ACTIVITIES REPORT AND MINUTES OF WORK GROUPS & SUB-WORK GROUPS OF THE R & D ASSOCIATES: ACTIVITIES REPORT OF THE R & D ASSOCIATION SE ACTIVITIES REPORT OF THE R&D ASSOCIATES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Fall Meeting of R and D Associates - Food Safety: A Comprehensive View CY OCT 05-07, 1993 CL BOSTON, MA SP R & D ASSOC MILITARY FOOD & PACKING SYST C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF SEAFOOD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ASSOC MILITARY FOOD PACKAGING SYSTEM PI SAN ANTONIO PA 16607 BLANCO RD, SUITE 305, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78232 SN 0198-0181 J9 ACT REP R&D PY 1994 VL 46 IS 1 BP 19 EP 24 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BB01G UT WOS:A1994BB01G00004 ER PT J AU CALVO, MS AF CALVO, MS TI THE EFFECTS OF HIGH PHOSPHORUS INTAKE ON CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITIONAL RESEARCH, VOL 9 SE ADVANCES IN NUTRITIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE SECRETION; SERUM IONIZED CALCIUM; BONE-MINERAL CONTENT; VITAMIN-D AXIS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; DIETARY CALCIUM; ORAL PHOSPHATE; CONTROLLED TRIAL; URINARY CALCIUM; YOUNG-ADULTS RP CALVO, MS (reprint author), US FDA,PUBL HLTH SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 88 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0149-9483 J9 ADV NUTR RES PY 1994 VL 9 BP 183 EP 207 PG 25 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BC44X UT WOS:A1994BC44X00011 PM 7747666 ER PT J AU DUFFY, PH FEUERS, RJ PIPKIN, JL HART, RW AF DUFFY, PH FEUERS, RJ PIPKIN, JL HART, RW TI EFFECT OF CHRONIC CALORIC RESTRICTION - PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSE TO ALTERNATE-DAY FEEDING IN OLD FEMALE B6C3F1 MICE SO AGE LA English DT Article ID SCHEDULE-INDUCED-POLYDIPSIA; MALE FISCHER-344 RAT; DIETARY RESTRICTION; FOOD RESTRICTION; METABOLIC-RATE; HEAT-SHOCK; MAMMARY-TUMORS; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; ACQUISITION AB Physiological and behavioral performance was monitored in old (24 month) female B6C3F1 hybrid mice that were fed either a caloric restricted (CR) diet (60% of ad libitum) or fed ad libitum (AL). The CR group was fed (CR1) and then fasted (CR2) on alternate days starting at 12-14 weeks of age. The main objective of the study was to determine if the effects of intermittent feeding were different from those for daily CR feeding. The average daily body weight, body temperature, oxygen consumption per gram of lean body mass (LBM), and respiratory quotient were higher on the feed day (CR1) than on the fast day (CR2), whereas the average daily body weight, temperature, activity, and oxygen metabolism per gram of LBM were lower on CR1 than in AL. The daily range in temperature, oxygen metabolism per gram of LBM, and RQ was greater on CR1 and CR2 than in AL; the exception was RQ on CR1. No food was eaten on CR2, and water consumption was reduced by 60% compared to CR1. Average food consumption per meal, and average time eating and drinking per meal was greater in CR mice than in AL mice. The results of this study indicated that mice responded to alternate day CR by changing average daily metabolic output per gram of LBM in direct response to food consumption, whereas when CR mice were fed daily, no change was seen in average metabolism per gram of LBM. The fact that a significant reduction in energy output and temperature occurred in CR mice when metabolic pathways shifted from carbohydrate to fat metabolism may indicate that decreased glucose utilization may have triggered these CR-induced effects. RP DUFFY, PH (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER AGING ASSOC PI CHESTER PA 2129 PROVIDENCE AVENUE, CHESTER, PA 19013 SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD JAN PY 1994 VL 17 IS 1 BP 13 EP 21 DI 10.1007/BF02435045 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA NU373 UT WOS:A1994NU37300006 ER PT S AU TURTURRO, A BLANK, K MURASKO, D HART, R AF TURTURRO, A BLANK, K MURASKO, D HART, R BE Pierpaoli, W Regelson, W Fabris, N TI MECHANISMS OF CALORIC RESTRICTION AFFECTING AGING AND DISEASE SO AGING CLOCK: THE PINEAL GLAND AND OTHER PACEMAKERS IN THE PROGRESSION OF AGING AND CARCINOGENESIS - THIRD STROMBOLI CONFERENCE ON AGING AND CANCER SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on The Aging Clock: The Pineal Gland and Other Pacemakers in the Progression of Aging and Carcinogenesis/3rd Stromboli Conference on Aging and Cancer (NATO Advanced Research Workshop) CY JUN 04-09, 1993 CL STROMBOLI, ITALY SP NATO ID RATS C1 HAHNEMANN UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19102. MED COLL PENN,DEPT MICROBIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. RP TURTURRO, A (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 24 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-860-X J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 719 BP 159 EP 170 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb56827.x PG 12 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physiology GA BA43X UT WOS:A1994BA43X00011 PM 8010591 ER PT S AU LEAKEY, JEA CHEN, S MANJGALADZE, M TURTURRO, A DUFFY, PH PIPKIN, JL HART, RW AF LEAKEY, JEA CHEN, S MANJGALADZE, M TURTURRO, A DUFFY, PH PIPKIN, JL HART, RW BE Pierpaoli, W Regelson, W Fabris, N TI ROLE OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND CALORIC STRESS IN MODULATING THE EFFECTS OF CALORIC RESTRICTION IN RODENTS SO AGING CLOCK: THE PINEAL GLAND AND OTHER PACEMAKERS IN THE PROGRESSION OF AGING AND CARCINOGENESIS - THIRD STROMBOLI CONFERENCE ON AGING AND CANCER SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on The Aging Clock: The Pineal Gland and Other Pacemakers in the Progression of Aging and Carcinogenesis/3rd Stromboli Conference on Aging and Cancer (NATO Advanced Research Workshop) CY JUN 04-09, 1993 CL STROMBOLI, ITALY SP NATO ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; INSULIN-INDUCED HYPOGLYCEMIA; MALE FISCHER-344 RAT; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE GENE; STIMULATES CORTICOSTERONE SECRETION; DIMINISHED DIURNAL SECRETION; DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES; INHIBIT GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; BROWN-ADIPOSE-TISSUE C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP LEAKEY, JEA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 159 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-860-X J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 719 BP 171 EP 194 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb56828.x PG 24 WC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Physiology SC Oncology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physiology GA BA43X UT WOS:A1994BA43X00012 PM 8010592 ER PT J AU MCNAMARA, JG ROGERS, M GOLDENTHAL, K JACKSON, JB ROSSI, P FENTON, T FAST, PE AF MCNAMARA, JG ROGERS, M GOLDENTHAL, K JACKSON, JB ROSSI, P FENTON, T FAST, PE TI CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN AIDS VACCINE DEVELOPMENT - 1993 REPORT OF PERINATAL INTERVENTION WORKING GROUP SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Advances in AIDS Vaccine Development - 6th Annual Meeting of the National-Cooperative-Vaccine-Development-Group-for-AIDS CY OCT 30-NOV 04, 1993 CL ALEXANDRIA, VA SP NATL COOPERAT VACCINE DEV GRP AIDS, NIAID, DIV AIDS, VACCINE TEAM, FOGARTY INT CTR, AIDS INT TRAINING RES PROGRAM, CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT, FDA, NIDA, US AGCY INT DEV, NIAID, OFF TROP MED & INT RES, WHO, GLOBAL PROGRAMME AIDS C1 NIAID,DIV AIDS,BETHESDA,MD 20852. CTR DIS CONTROL,DIV HIV AIDS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. UNIV ROME,ROME,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,BOSTON,MA 02115. RI rossi, paolo/D-6504-2012 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PY 1994 VL 10 SU 2 BP S161 EP S164 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA PT118 UT WOS:A1994PT11800090 PM 7865292 ER PT J AU MCVITTIE, LD CHANDLER, DKF AF MCVITTIE, LD CHANDLER, DKF TI FDA PERSPECTIVE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF AIDS VACCINES - PREREQUISITES FOR INITIATION OF CLINICAL-TRIALS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINES RES & REVIEW,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PY 1994 VL 10 SU 2 BP S115 EP S115 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA PT118 UT WOS:A1994PT11800053 ER PT J AU HENDRICKS, TC PENNINGTON, JAT AF HENDRICKS, TC PENNINGTON, JAT TI INTERNATIONAL INTERFACE STANDARD FOR FOOD DATABASES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE DIETARY ASSESSMENT; INTERNATIONAL DATA EXCHANGE C1 US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 59 IS 1 SU S BP 302S EP 302S PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA MQ079 UT WOS:A1994MQ07900097 ER PT J AU GULYA, AJ CHRISTMAN, CL CHEUNG, DD STEVENS, DM AF GULYA, AJ CHRISTMAN, CL CHEUNG, DD STEVENS, DM TI COMPUTER-ASSISTED ASSESSMENT OF COCHLEAR NERVE-FIBERS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Quantitative assessment of cochlear nerve fibers, with statistical analysis of histologic specimens, is facilitated by the application of computer image processing techniques. Three algorithms, developed for the evaluation of cochlear sections, are presented, MANUAL, AIDED, and AUTO, in order of increasing degree of automation and decreasing requirement for operator intervention. All three algorithms demonstrate high accuracy and consistency in identifying cochlear nerve fibers and quickly provide statistics regarding the target nerve fiber population. These algorithms have potential utility in the study of cochlear nerve pathologic alterations, as for example, with intracochlear electrical stimulation. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT BIOMED ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD. USN HOSP,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,BETHESDA,MD. RP GULYA, AJ (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG,3800 RESEVOIR RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0192-9763 J9 AM J OTOL JI Am. J. Otol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 15 IS 1 BP 86 EP 90 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA MP900 UT WOS:A1994MP90000019 PM 8109637 ER PT J AU GOLDING, B ZAITSEVA, M GOLDING, H AF GOLDING, B ZAITSEVA, M GOLDING, H TI THE POTENTIAL FOR RECRUITING IMMUNE-RESPONSES TOWARD TYPE-1 OR TYPE-2 T-CELL HELP SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Strategy for Plasmodium Falciparum Blood-Stage Vaccine Development and Clinical Trials, at Annual Meeting of the Amer-Soc-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 19, 1992 CL SEATTLE, WA SP AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE ID BRUCELLA-ABORTUS; MALARIA VACCINE; SPOROZOITE VACCINE; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IFN-GAMMA; ISOTYPE; ANTIBODIES; ADJUVANT; SUBSETS; MICE AB The design of vaccine strategies in general, and those for malaria in particular, need to take into account the balance of T helper subsets (TH) they induce. The TH1 cells, which secrete interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 (IL-2), are associated with cell-mediated immunity (CMI), rather than humoral responses, and afford protection against intracellular infections, including those caused by parasites. In contrast, The TH2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10, elicit high titer antibody responses, provide poor CMI, and are often correlated with susceptibility to infection. Depending on the type of TH cell bias required, it is possible to manipulate the immune response to a protein/peptide by 1) using different adjuvants, 2) conjugating the protein to various carriers, 3) immunizing in the presence of cytokines, or 4) using alternative routes of administration. To apply these approaches to malarial vaccines, it is necessary to identify which stage(s) of the parasite to target and what type of TH cell bias is protective against that particular stage. We favor using carriers such as Brucella abortus, which focus the antigen on a specific particle and which can trigger a TH1 cell response. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP GOLDING, B (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,1401 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 35 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PY 1994 VL 50 IS 4 SU S BP 33 EP 40 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA NK901 UT WOS:A1994NK90100006 PM 8172330 ER PT B AU BALCH, AH AF BALCH, AH GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Moving to higher dimensions, 3 not equal 2 SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE SYNERGY; ISOBOLOGRAM; MULTIDRUG THERAPY C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 45 EP 50 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00007 ER PT B AU CHAKRAVARTY, AG HARKINS, RD AF CHAKRAVARTY, AG HARKINS, RD GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Some approaches to the evaluation of laboratory data to identify potential adverse events SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE ADVERSE EVENTS; LABORATORY DATA; CHANGES FROM BASE-LINE; SUBGROUP ANALYSIS C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 73 EP 76 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00012 ER PT B AU HUNG, HMJ DERN, P AF HUNG, HMJ DERN, P GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI On combining information from randomized clinical studies for combination therapy SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE METAANALYSIS; MIN TEST; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL C1 US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 77 EP 81 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00013 ER PT B AU NURI, WA CHI, GYH AF NURI, WA CHI, GYH GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Using the GEE method to construct linear models for ordinal responses SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE ORDINAL DATA; GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATIONS; QUASI-LIKELIHOOD; REPEATED MEASURES C1 US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 82 EP 87 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00014 ER PT B AU CHI, GYH HUNG, J DUBEY, SD LIPICKY, RJ AF CHI, GYH HUNG, J DUBEY, SD LIPICKY, RJ GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Dose response studies and special populations SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE DOSE RESPONSE; SPECIAL POPULATIONS C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 88 EP 93 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00015 ER PT B AU AHN, H CHEN, JJ AF AHN, H CHEN, JJ GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Modeling developmental toxic effects through recursive partitioning SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE BOOTSTRAP; DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL; OVER-DISPERSION; REGRESSION TREE C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 130 EP 135 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00023 ER PT B AU LIN, TYD AF LIN, TYD GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Applicability of matrix and bracket approach to stability study design SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE EXPIRATION DATING PERIOD; FULL FACTORIAL DESIGN; REDUCED DESIGN; FRACTIONAL FACTORIAL DESIGN C1 US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,HFD-715,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 142 EP 147 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00025 ER PT B AU HUQUE, MF HARRISON, FD SANKOH, AJ DUBEY, SD AF HUQUE, MF HARRISON, FD SANKOH, AJ DUBEY, SD GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Longitudinal data analysis for heartburn clinical trials SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE HEARTBURN; CLINICAL TRIALS; BINARY LONGITUDINAL DATA; GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATIONS; SIMULATIONS C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 182 EP 187 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00032 ER PT B AU LAO, CS AF LAO, CS GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Statistical analysis for estimating relative risk of first cancer progression by monitoring carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels for stage IV breast cancer patients SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN; COX MODEL; RELATIVE RISK; LEAD TIMES C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 206 EP 210 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00036 ER PT B AU YI, T AF YI, T GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Statistical issues in drug quality control based on dissolution testing SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE DISSOLUTION TESTING; QUALITY CONTROL; LOT RELEASE C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 295 EP 300 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00053 ER PT B AU ANELLO, C AF ANELLO, C GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Statistical issues in postmarketing surveillance at FDA SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE SURVEILLANCE; OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES; MONITORING; STATISTICAL ASPECTS C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 452 EP 459 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00082 ER PT B AU CHOUDHURY, J BALCH, AH AF CHOUDHURY, J BALCH, AH GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Assessing the robustness of clinical trial results SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE STANDARDIZATION AND AUTOMATION; ALTERNATIVE ANALYSES; PROTOCOL VIOLATION; MISSING OBSERVATION; SURROGATE END-POINT; CART C1 US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 484 EP 486 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00087 ER PT B AU ETTE, EI SUN, H LUDDEN, TM AF ETTE, EI SUN, H LUDDEN, TM GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Design of population pharmacokinetic studies SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Meeting of the Eastern-North-American-Region of the Biometric-Society CY APR 09-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Biometric Soc, E N Amer Reg, Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Stat & Environm DE POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS; SAMPLING DESIGN; SAMPLE SIZE; PARAMETER ESTIMATION; BIAS AND PRECISION; SIMULATION; NONMEM C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-05-5 PY 1994 BP 487 EP 492 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA BE02M UT WOS:A1994BE02M00088 ER PT B AU LIU, PT ALBERT, RH SPRINGER, JA AF LIU, PT ALBERT, RH SPRINGER, JA GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Is one sample enough? SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECTION ON BAYESIAN STATISTICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASA 1994 Winter Conference CY JAN 06-09, 1994 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Stat Assoc, Sect Qual & Prod DE SCREENING TEST; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; BAYESIAN; FALSE POSITIVE; IDENTIFICATION C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-03-9 PY 1994 BP 18 EP 22 PG 5 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BE02J UT WOS:A1994BE02J00004 ER PT B AU SPRINGER, JA LIU, PT ALBERT, RH CHOW, LP AF SPRINGER, JA LIU, PT ALBERT, RH CHOW, LP GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Construction of a spectrum lifetable SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIAL STATISTICS SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Statistical-Association, Social-Statistics-Section CY AUG 13-18, 1994 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Stat Assoc, Social Stat Sect DE MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; LIFETIME RISK; QUALITY LIFE; HEALTHY LIFE C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-09-8 PY 1994 BP 82 EP 87 PG 6 WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Mathematics GA BD51B UT WOS:A1994BD51B00016 ER PT B AU BLODGETT, RJ AF BLODGETT, RJ GP AMER STAT ASSOC TI Rank tests with weighted data SO AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION - 1994 PROCEEDINGS OF THE STATISTICAL COMPUTING SECTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Statistical-Association, Statistical-Computing-Section CY AUG 13-18, 1994 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Stat Assoc, Stat Comp Sect DE MANN-WHITNEY; NONPARAMETRIC; SURVEYS; WILCOXON C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 BN 1-883276-06-3 PY 1994 BP 200 EP 204 PG 5 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BD83T UT WOS:A1994BD83T00029 ER PT J AU WARE, GM UMRIGAR, PP CARMAN, AS KUAN, SS AF WARE, GM UMRIGAR, PP CARMAN, AS KUAN, SS TI EVALUATION OF FUMONITEST IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMNS SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE FUMONISIN; IMMUNOAFFINITY COLUMNS; DETERMINATION; HPLC; FLUORESCENCE; AND DERIVATIZATION ID FUMONISIN-B1 AB A method for the determination of fumonisins B1 and B2 in corn was developed. The method involves sample extraction with methanol:water (80:20) and the use of a commercially available Fumonitest column for sample cleanup, The capacity, selectivity, column-to-column and lot-to-lot reproducibility of the Fumonitest columns were evaluated. The total capacity of the column was found to be 1.2 mu g fumonisin. Both fumonisins B1 and B2 had an equal affinity toward the Fumonitest column, with the sample matrix demonstrating little effect on the column performance. The maximum sample size was 0.5 g for samples containing total fumonisins of less than 2 ppm. After elution from the immunoaffinity column, fumonisins B1 and B2 were reacted with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA) to produce a highly fluorescent derivative, 1-cyano-2-alkyl-benz[f]isoindole (CBI). The derivatives were then separated from the sample matrix on a reverse phase C-18 column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile:water:acetic acid (55:45:1) Average recoveries of fumonisins B1 and B2 from corn samples spiked at a level of 1000 ng (500ng B1 + 500ng B2)/g were 85.4 and 87.1%, respectively. The detection limit for B1 and B2 was estimated to be 10 and 4 ppb, respectively. The coefficient of variations for fumonisins B1 and B2 were determined to be 10.2% and 10.6%, respectively. RP WARE, GM (reprint author), US FDA,NAT TOXINS RES CTR,4298 ELYSIAN FIELDS AVE,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70122, USA. NR 8 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0003-2719 J9 ANAL LETT JI Anal. Lett. PY 1994 VL 27 IS 4 BP 693 EP 715 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA NA891 UT WOS:A1994NA89100004 ER PT J AU KATZ, L WRIGHT, C HARTER, J ZUNG, M SCALLY, D SPYKER, D AF KATZ, L WRIGHT, C HARTER, J ZUNG, M SCALLY, D SPYKER, D TI REVISED LABEL REGARDING USE OF SUCCINYLCHOLINE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS .2. IN REPLY SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP KATZ, L (reprint author), CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,PILOT DRUG EVALUAT STAFF,ROOM 9B-45 PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LAN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD JAN PY 1994 VL 80 IS 1 BP 243 EP 244 DI 10.1097/00000542-199401000-00048 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA MR300 UT WOS:A1994MR30000048 ER PT B AU CAVAGNARO, JA BAUER, SR AF CAVAGNARO, JA BAUER, SR BE Kobayashi, T Kitagawa, Y Okumura, K TI FDA PERSPECTIVE ON THE USE OF TRANSGENIC ANIMALS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THERAPEUTIC PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR HUMAN USE - SAFETY CONCERNS SO ANIMAL CELL TECHNOLOGY: BASIC & APPLIED ASPECTS, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Meeting of the Japanese-Association-for-Animal-Cell-Technology; Animal Cell Technology - Basic and Applied Aspects CY NOV 09-12, 1993 CL NAGOYA, JAPAN SP JAPANESE ASSOC ANIM CELL TECHNOL C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-3156-7 PY 1994 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology; Zoology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology; Zoology GA BB98H UT WOS:A1994BB98H00013 ER PT J AU KOMOLPRASERT, V LAWSON, A AF KOMOLPRASERT, V LAWSON, A GP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS TI EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS-BASED WASHING ON REMOVAL OF HYDROCARBONS FROM RECYCLED POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PETE) SO ANTEC 94 - PLASTICS: GATE WAY TO THE FUTURE, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Technical Conference of the Society-of-Plastics-Engineers on Plastics: Gateway to the Future CY MAY 01-05, 1994 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP SOC PLAST ENGINEERS C1 US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PLASTICS ENGINEERS PI BROOKFIELD CENTER PA 14 FAIRFIELD DR, BROOKFIELD CENTER, CT 06805 PY 1994 BP 2906 EP 2909 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BA73Y UT WOS:A1994BA73Y00572 ER PT J AU VICK, J WEISS, L ELLIS, S AF VICK, J WEISS, L ELLIS, S TI CARDIOVASCULAR STUDIES OF PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE SO ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHARMACODYNAMIE ET DE THERAPIE LA English DT Article AB Phenylpropanolamine is found in a number of over-the-counter preparations commonly used for appetite control or as a cold remedy. Even though widely used, some questions still exist as to its effect on the cardiovascular system of man. Both anesthetized and unanesthetized adult beagle dogs were used in this study. In the unanesthetized conditioned dog, blood pressure and heart rate were measured using an inflatable tall cuff. In the first group, consisting of 12 dogs, phenylpropanolamine was given (0.0, 3.1, 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg) via a stomach tube and the animals were followed for 300 minutes. Each dose of phenylpropanolamine was given to 4 groups made up of 3 dogs each. It produced dose-dependent increases in blood pressure and decreases of heart rate. Maximum changes were noted at 30 to 60 minutes, lasting for 3 to 5 hours. A second group of 9 unanesthetized dogs was given repeated oral doses of phenylpropanolamine (3 groups of 3 animals each). Doses of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg, given orally, produced approximately the same increase in blood pressure and decrease of heart rate as previously observed. At 6 hours, these same doses of phenylpropanolamine produced little or no change in either parameter. At 24 hours after the first dose, however, the dogs responded in much the same manner as with the first administration of phenylpropanolamine. Control dogs given water did not exhibit any degree of tachyphylaxis. Dogs anesthetized with Na pentobarbital were given oral and intravenous doses of phenylpropanolamine (0.0-25 mg/kg). The overall response was like that observed in the unanesthetized preparation with the important exception that low doses (0.1-3 mg/kg) produced significant increases in both heart rate and blood pressure, while higher doses (6-25 mg/kg) resulted in a lesser overall effect. Six anesthetized animals were used to study the effects of phenylpropanolamine and norepinephrine on the cardiovascular function. Both the increase in blood pressure and left ventricular force of contraction, produced by the first dose of phenylpropanolamine, were markedly reduced or absent with the second administration of the drug. In addition, the classic blood pressure response to norepinephrine was likewise increased by prior administration of phenylpropanolamine. These results indicate that phenylpropanolamine has rather interesting and, in some instances, dramatic effects on the cardiovascular system of both anesthetized and unanesthetized dogs, and might explain, in part, the clinical reports that have implicated phenylpropanolamine in lethal cardiovascular accidents. RP VICK, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARCH INT PHARMACODYNAMIE PI GHENT PA DE PINTELAAN 185, B-9000 GHENT, BELGIUM SN 0003-9780 J9 ARCH INT PHARMACOD T JI Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 327 IS 1 BP 13 EP 24 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NQ325 UT WOS:A1994NQ32500003 PM 7944824 ER PT J AU HIGLEY, JD MEHLMAN, PT TAUB, D SUOMI, SJ HIGLEY, SB VICKERS, JM LINNOILA, M AF HIGLEY, JD MEHLMAN, PT TAUB, D SUOMI, SJ HIGLEY, SB VICKERS, JM LINNOILA, M TI ARE STRESS HORMONES AND SEROTONIN RELATED TO AGGRESSION IN PRIMATES - IN REPLY SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter C1 LAB ANIMAL BREEDERS & SERV,YEMASSEE,SC. US FDA,PATHOBIOL & PRIMATOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD. NIAAA,OFF SCI DIRECTOR,BETHESDA,MD. NICHHD,COMPARAT ETHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP HIGLEY, JD (reprint author), NIAAA,CLIN STUDIES LAB,ANIM CTR BLDG 112,POB 289,POOLESVILLE,MD 20837, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JAN PY 1994 VL 51 IS 1 BP 73 EP 73 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA MR516 UT WOS:A1994MR51600011 ER PT J AU POGUE, GP HUNTLEY, CC HALL, TC AF POGUE, GP HUNTLEY, CC HALL, TC TI COMMON REPLICATION STRATEGIES EMERGING FROM THE STUDY OF DIVERSE GROUPS OF POSITIVE-STRAND RNA VIRUSES SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Positive-Strand RNA Viruses CY SEP, 1992 CL CLEARWATER, FL ID BROME MOSAIC-VIRUS; STEM-LOOP STRUCTURE; VIRAL REPLICATION; PROTEINS; REQUIREMENT; POLYMERASE; SEQUENCES; SITE; END AB Studies using brome mosaic virus (BMV), Sindbis virus and poliovirus have provided evidence that disparate groups of plant and animal positive strand RNA viruses have remarkably similar replication strategies. The conservation of several functional domains within virus-encoded nonstructural proteins implies that, although the precise character of these and interacting host components varies for each virus, they employ similar mechanisms for RNA replication. For (+) strand replication, similarities in cis-acting sequence motifs and RNA secondary structures within 5' termini of genomic (+) strands have been identified and have been shown to participate in binding of host factors. The model presented for replication of BMV RNA suggests that binding of these factors to internal control region (ICR) sequence motifs in the double-stranded replication intermediate releases a single-stranded 3' terminus on the (-) strand that may be essential for initiation of genomic (+) strand synthesis. ICR sequences internal to the BMV genome were also found to be required for efficient replication. Asymmetric production of excess genomic (+) over (-) strand RNA, characteristic of all (+) strand viruses, may be accomplished through transition of the replicase from competence for (-) to (+) strand synthesis by the recruitment of additional host factors. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,INST DEV & MOLEC BIOL,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. US FDA,CBER,OTRR,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1994 SU 9 BP 181 EP 194 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA NQ963 UT WOS:A1994NQ96300019 ER PT J AU NAKHASI, HL SINGH, NK POGUE, GP CAO, XQ ROUAULT, TA AF NAKHASI, HL SINGH, NK POGUE, GP CAO, XQ ROUAULT, TA TI IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HOST FACTOR INTERACTIONS WITH CIS-ACTING ELEMENTS OF RUBELLA-VIRUS RNA SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Positive-Strand RNA Viruses CY SEP, 1992 CL CLEARWATER, FL ID GENOME RNA; STRAND RNA; PROTEINS; TRANSLATION; BINDING; REGION AB We have analyzed the function of cis-acting elements of rubella virus RNA and the components which interact with these elements in viral RNA replication. We demonstrated that the 5'- and 3'-terminal sequences from RV RNA promote translation and negative-strand RNA synthesis of chimeric chloroamphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) RNAs. These sequences have a potential to form stem-loop (SL) structures and bind cellular proteins specifically in RNA gel-shift and UV cross-linking assays. The 5' end binding proteins were identified to be Ro/SSA-associated antigens by virtue of being recognized in an RNA complex by an autoimmune patient serum with Ro antigen type specificity. Purification and sequence analysis of the 3' end binding protein revealed that it is a homologue of human calreticulin. The role of host proteins in RV replication is discussed. C1 NICHHD,CELL BIOL & METAB BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP NAKHASI, HL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BLDG 29,RM 107,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PY 1994 SU 9 BP 255 EP 267 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA NQ963 UT WOS:A1994NQ96300027 ER PT J AU PAULUS, HE AF PAULUS, HE TI FDA ARTHRITIS ADVISORY-COMMITTEE MEETING - JUVENILE RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS DRUG-EVALUATION GUIDELINES - OVER-THE-COUNTER NAPROXEN SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Editorial Material RP PAULUS, HE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL, FDA ARTHRITIS ADVISORY COMM, 1000 VET AVE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 37 IS 1 BP 137 EP 138 DI 10.1002/art.1780370119 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA MR523 UT WOS:A1994MR52300018 PM 8129753 ER PT J AU ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB FRATANTONI, JC CASHON, RE AF ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB FRATANTONI, JC CASHON, RE TI REDOX REACTIVITY OF MODIFIED HEMOGLOBINS WITH HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE AND NITRIC-OXIDE - TOXICOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS SO ARTIFICIAL CELLS BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND IMMOBILIZATION BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Vth International Symposium on Blood Substitutes CY MAR 17-20, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA ID BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; SUPEROXIDE; RADICALS; INJURY AB The rapid unloading of oxygen to tissue and the prevention of subunit dissociation have been the main concerns in the search for an effective hemoglobin-based red cell substitute. The presence of redox active iron however, raises some questions about its potential to enter into reactions that mediate the formation of cytotoxic oxygen free radicals. We tested the propensity of modified hemoglobins to undergo oxidative damage by peroxide (H2O2). We found differences in their susceptibility to oxidative modification and in their ability to form the highly cytotoxic ferryl species. This protein-associated oxidant may be a physiologically important contributor to reperfusion injury. Another potential mechanism of toxicity involves the reaction of cell-free hemoglobin with endothelium derived nitric oxide (NO). Marked hypertensive responses in intact animals infused with some of these hemoglobins were reported. Cell-free hemoglobin has the potential to bind the endothelial generated NO yielding methemoglobin and nitrate, an extremely rapid reaction in vivo. We describe subsequent redox reactions between NO and methemoglobin which may further deplete NO as a biological transducer, leading to greater effects on the extent of endothelial-dependent responses. The consequences of a potential linkage between oxidative toxicity of cell-free hemoglobin and its interaction with NO is addressed. C1 DUKE UNIV,MARINE LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516. RP ALAYASH, AI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1073-1199 J9 ARTIF CELL BLOOD SUB JI Artif. Cells Blood Substit. Immobil. Biotechnol. PY 1994 VL 22 IS 3 BP 373 EP 386 DI 10.3109/10731199409117868 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering; Materials Science GA NZ321 UT WOS:A1994NZ32100002 PM 7994362 ER PT J AU SHAHIN, RD COWELL, JL AF SHAHIN, RD COWELL, JL TI MOUSE RESPIRATORY-INFECTION MODELS FOR PERTUSSIS SO BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS, PT A SE METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; FILAMENTOUS HEMAGGLUTININ; MICE; COLONIZATION C1 LEDERLEPRAXIS BIOL INC,DEPT BACTERIAL VACCINE RES,W HENRIETTA,NY 14586. RP SHAHIN, RD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1994 VL 235 BP 47 EP 58 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA88R UT WOS:A1994BA88R00004 PM 8057918 ER PT J AU FRASCH, CE AF FRASCH, CE TI SEROGROUP AND SEROTYPE CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS SO BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS, PT A SE METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; GROUP-B; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDES; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; GROUP-A; VACCINE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE RP FRASCH, CE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1994 VL 235 BP 159 EP 174 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA88R UT WOS:A1994BA88R00012 PM 8057893 ER PT J AU VANN, WF FREESE, SJ AF VANN, WF FREESE, SJ TI PURIFICATION OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-ANTIGENS SO BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS, PT A SE METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; HEPARIN RP VANN, WF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1994 VL 235 BP 304 EP 311 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA88R UT WOS:A1994BA88R00023 PM 8057903 ER PT J AU STIBITZ, S AF STIBITZ, S TI USE OF CONDITIONALLY COUNTERSELECTABLE SUICIDE VECTORS FOR ALLELIC EXCHANGE SO BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS, PT A SE METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CONSTRUCTION; MUTAGENESIS; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; CLONING; GENE RP STIBITZ, S (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 11 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1994 VL 235 BP 458 EP 465 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA88R UT WOS:A1994BA88R00035 PM 8057916 ER PT J AU GUERRY, P YAO, RJ ALM, RA BURR, DH TRUST, TJ AF GUERRY, P YAO, RJ ALM, RA BURR, DH TRUST, TJ TI SYSTEMS OF EXPERIMENTAL GENETICS FOR CAMPYLOBACTER SPECIES SO BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS, PT A SE METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FLAGELLIN GENES; JEJUNI; TRANSFORMATION; CONSTRUCTION; BACTERIA; EXCHANGE; VECTORS C1 UNIV QUEENSLAND,CTR MOLEC BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ST LUCIA,QLD 40723,AUSTRALIA. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV VIRULENCE ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. UNIV VICTORIA,DEPT BIOCHEM & MICROBIOL,VICTORIA V8W 3P6,BC,CANADA. RP GUERRY, P (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,ENTER PROGRAM,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 16 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0076-6879 J9 METHOD ENZYMOL JI Methods Enzymol. PY 1994 VL 235 BP 474 EP 481 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BA88R UT WOS:A1994BA88R00037 PM 8057919 ER PT S AU BURNS, DL JOHNSON, FD WEISS, AA AF BURNS, DL JOHNSON, FD WEISS, AA BE Freer, J Aitken, R Alouf, JE Boulnois, G Falmagne, P Fehrenbach, F Montecucco, C Piemont, Y Rappuoli, R Wadstrom, T Witholt, B TI EXPORT OF PERTUSSIS TOXIN FROM BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS SO BACTERIAL PROTEIN TOXINS: SIXTH EUROPEAN WORKSHOP SE ZENTRALBLATT FUR BAKTERIOLOGIE : SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Workshop on Bacterial Protein Toxins CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 1993 CL STIRLING, SCOTLAND SP FEDERAT EUROPEAN MICROBIOL SOC DE PERTUSSIS TOXIN; SECRETION; TRANSPORT C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART 70 PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, W-7000 STUTTGART 70, GERMANY SN 0172-5629 BN 3-437-11535-9 J9 ZBL BAKT S PY 1994 VL 24 BP 195 EP 203 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BA51D UT WOS:A1994BA51D00035 ER PT S AU JOHNSON, VG NICHOLLS, PJ HABIG, WH YOULE, RJ AF JOHNSON, VG NICHOLLS, PJ HABIG, WH YOULE, RJ BE Freer, J Aitken, R Alouf, JE Boulnois, G Falmagne, P Fehrenbach, F Montecucco, C Piemont, Y Rappuoli, R Wadstrom, T Witholt, B TI THE ROLE OF PROLINE 345 IN DIPHTHERIA-TOXIN TRANSLOCATION SO BACTERIAL PROTEIN TOXINS: SIXTH EUROPEAN WORKSHOP SE ZENTRALBLATT FUR BAKTERIOLOGIE : SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th European Workshop on Bacterial Protein Toxins CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 1993 CL STIRLING, SCOTLAND SP FEDERAT EUROPEAN MICROBIOL SOC DE DIPHTHERIA TOXIN; MEMBRANE TRANSLOCATION; CIS-TRANS ISOMERIZATION C1 CBER,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BACTERIAL TOXINS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART 70 PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, W-7000 STUTTGART 70, GERMANY SN 0172-5629 BN 3-437-11535-9 J9 ZBL BAKT S PY 1994 VL 24 BP 527 EP 528 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BA51D UT WOS:A1994BA51D00115 ER PT B AU BRAUNBERG, RC AF BRAUNBERG, RC BE Llewellyn, GC Dashek, WV ORear, CE TI THE BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF CITRININ - A REVIEW SO BIODETERIORATION RESEARCH 4: MYCOTOXINS, WOOD DECAY, PLANT STRESS, BIOCORROSION, AND GENERAL BIODETERIORATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Meeting of the Pan-American-Biodeterioration-Society CY AUG 20-25, 1991 CL ELECTR NETWORK SP PAN AMER BIODETERIORAT SOC, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, SMITHSONIAN INST, CLARK ATLANTA UNIV, DEPT BIOL, USDA, RES SERV, UNIV GEORGIA, MORRIS BROWN COLL, SPELLMAN COLL, MOREHOUSE COLL, NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV RALEIGH, US FDA, TOXICOL STUDIES, USDA, FOREST SERV, PENN STATE UNIV, UNIV LA PLATA ARGENTINA C1 US FDA,BELTSVILLE RES LABS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-44638-3 PY 1994 BP 11 EP 25 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Microbiology; Mycology; Parasitology; Toxicology SC Agriculture; Microbiology; Mycology; Parasitology; Toxicology GA BA79F UT WOS:A1994BA79F00001 ER PT B AU LEGRENADE, CEF BEAN, GA AF LEGRENADE, CEF BEAN, GA BE Llewellyn, GC Dashek, WV ORear, CE TI STUDIES ON FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME - CAUSAL AGENT OF EQUINE LEUKOENCEPHALOMALACIA SO BIODETERIORATION RESEARCH 4: MYCOTOXINS, WOOD DECAY, PLANT STRESS, BIOCORROSION, AND GENERAL BIODETERIORATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Meeting of the Pan-American-Biodeterioration-Society CY AUG 20-25, 1991 CL ELECTR NETWORK SP PAN AMER BIODETERIORAT SOC, GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, SMITHSONIAN INST, CLARK ATLANTA UNIV, DEPT BIOL, USDA, RES SERV, UNIV GEORGIA, MORRIS BROWN COLL, SPELLMAN COLL, MOREHOUSE COLL, NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV RALEIGH, US FDA, TOXICOL STUDIES, USDA, FOREST SERV, PENN STATE UNIV, UNIV LA PLATA ARGENTINA C1 US FDA,DEPT MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-44638-3 PY 1994 BP 105 EP 113 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Microbiology; Mycology; Parasitology; Toxicology SC Agriculture; Microbiology; Mycology; Parasitology; Toxicology GA BA79F UT WOS:A1994BA79F00008 ER PT J AU AHN, H AF AHN, H TI TREE-STRUCTURED EXPONENTIAL REGRESSION MODELING SO BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BOOTSTRAP; EXPONENTIAL REGRESSION; RECURSIVE PARTITIONING; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS ID CENSORED-DATA; LINEAR-REGRESSION; SURVIVAL-DATA AB A method for fitting piecewise exponential regression models to censored survival data is described. Stratification is performed recursively, using a combination of statistical tests and residual analysis. The splitting criterion employed in cross-validation is the average squared error of the residuals. The bootstrap is employed to keep the probability of a type I error (the error of discovering two or more strata when there is only one) of the method close to a predetermined value. The proposed method can thus also serve as a formal goodness-of-fit test for the exponential regression model. Real and simulated data are used for illustration. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU AKADEMIE VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA MUHLENSTRASSE 33-34, D-13187 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0323-3847 J9 BIOMETRICAL J JI Biom. J. PY 1994 VL 36 IS 1 BP 43 EP 61 DI 10.1002/bimj.4710360106 PG 19 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA MT720 UT WOS:A1994MT72000004 ER PT J AU GOSWAMI, BB KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA AF GOSWAMI, BB KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA TI COMPETITOR TEMPLATE RNA FOR DETECTION AND QUANTITATION OF HEPATITIS-A VIRUS BY PCR SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MESSENGER-RNA; A-VIRUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ASSAY AB PCR was used to introduce a 63-bp deletion into the putative RNA replicase coding sequence of hepatitis A virus. RNA was synthesized in vitro from the deletion mutant cloned into a transcription vector. Upon amplication by PCR, cDNA made from the competitor RNA generated an amplified fragment that could be easily distinguished from the product generated front wild-type hepatitis A virus genomic RNA by gel electrophoresis, when the same primers were used, without further. manipulation. The competitor RNA was used as a positive control in PCR-based detection of very low copy numbers of hepatitis A virus genomic RNA in rite presence of unrelated hard-shell clam RNA. When the competitor RNA was used for competitive PCR to quantitate wild-type RNA, the presence of one template at a 10-fold to 100-fold higher level almost completely inhibited product formation from the underrepresented template. The competitor RNA should be useful as a control for reverse transcription and PCRs to determine hepatitis A virus genome RNA when accidental contamination of test samples by a wild-type positive control template would compromise the results. RP GOSWAMI, BB (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT HFS237,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 18 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD JAN PY 1994 VL 16 IS 1 BP 114 EP & PG 0 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MQ935 UT WOS:A1994MQ93500026 PM 8136124 ER PT J AU KENYON, TA KENYON, AS SIBIYA, T AF KENYON, TA KENYON, AS SIBIYA, T TI DRUG QUALITY SCREENING IN DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES - ESTABLISHMENT OF AN APPROPRIATE LABORATORY IN SWAZILAND SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article AB A simple, low-cost, accurate thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method has been used to establish the first drug quality screening laboratory in Swaziland. For this purpose, office space at the central medical stores was first converted into a simple laboratory. Basic equipment, supplies, and materials were pur chased, existing manpower was trained to perform accurately the TLC procedure, and a system was established for the qualitative/quantitative screening of selected drugs purchased by the Ministry of Health prior to their distribution to user facilities. The TLC method described can be used to set up similar low-cost, drug quality screening laboratories in other developing countries where analytical chemistry expertise is lacking, resources are scarce, and sophisticated analytical laboratories to assess drug quality are not available. C1 US FDA,DIV DRUG ANAL,ST LOUIS,MO. NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA DISTRIBUTION AND SALES, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PY 1994 VL 72 IS 4 BP 615 EP 620 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA PG585 UT WOS:A1994PG58500008 PM 7923541 ER PT J AU SIEGEL, JP AF SIEGEL, JP BE Rusthoven, J Feld, R TI CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIERS SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, VOL 5 SUPPLEMENT A, FEBRUARY 1994: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Congress on Biological Response Modifiers CY JAN 29-31, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP INTER AMER SOC CHEMOTHERAPY DE BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIERS; BIOLOGICALS; CLINICAL TRIALS; DRUG DEVELOPMENT C1 US FDA,CBER,OTRR,DCTDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PULSUS GROUP INC PI OAKVILLE PA 2902 S SHERIDAN WAY, OAKVILLE ON L6J 7L6, CANADA PY 1994 BP A5 EP A8 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BC39U UT WOS:A1994BC39U00001 ER PT J AU KOCH, WH HENRIKSON, EN KUPCHELLA, E CEBULA, TA AF KOCH, WH HENRIKSON, EN KUPCHELLA, E CEBULA, TA TI SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM STRAIN TA100 DIFFERENTIATES SEVERAL CLASSES OF CARCINOGENS AND MUTAGENS BY BASE SUBSTITUTION SPECIFICITY SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Review ID APURINIC-APYRIMIDINIC SITES; OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE COLONY HYBRIDIZATION; DIPLOID HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; COLI LACI GENE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SEQUENCE SPECIFICITY; MUTATIONAL SPECIFICITY; EXCISION-REPAIR AB The mutational specificity of N-methylnitrosourea (MNU), nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), sodium azide (NaN3), 4-nitroquinoline oxide (4NQO), benzo[a]pyrene (BP), nitrofurantoin (NF), alfatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)), adriamycin (ADM) and WA-activated angelicin in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 has been examined using allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization and DNA sequence analyses. These ten mutagens produced five unique classes of reversion spectra, distinct from spontaneous, or the previously characterized 5-azacytidine, ultraviolet light(UV), 8-methoxypsoralen plus UVA (PUVA) and Co-60-induced mutation spectra. For example, 90% of MNU and MNNG-induced mutations in sh ain TA100 revertants were G:C-A:T transitions with the majority (82%) occurring in the first position of the CCC codon. In contrast, NaN3 preferentially induced G:C-->A:T transitions at the second codon position (78%). Although MMS, NQO, BP, NP, ADM and AFB(1) induced primarily G:C-->T:A transversions (73-86%), these mutagens fall into two classes based on site preference: NF and AFB(1) yielded almost exclusively position two transversions (69-78%) whereas ADM, NQO, BP and MMS exhibited a two-fold preference for site 2 over site 1 (on average 52% versus 22%). Angelicin photomutagenesis resulted in the recovery of G:C-->A:T and G:C-->T:A mutations at both codon positions in roughly equal proportions (similar to 20-25% each). Approximately 1% of the mutagen-induced revertants occurred via extragenic tRNA suppressor mutations, while 1% were multiple (usually tandem double) base substitutions. Ultraviolet mutagenesis experiments demonstrated that tandem base substitutions are promoted by pKM101-encoded mucAB gene products. A comparison of the mutagenic specificity derived for several carcinogens in hisG46 with the responses of several eukaryotic gene targets (e.g. HPRT, aprt, supF) revealed a high concordance between these targets. Thus, the Salmonella hirG46 locus provides a rapid, simple system for determining base substitution specificity and for studying mechanisms of mutagenesis. RP KOCH, WH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT HFS237,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 118 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD JAN PY 1994 VL 15 IS 1 BP 79 EP 88 DI 10.1093/carcin/15.1.79 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MR103 UT WOS:A1994MR10300014 PM 8293552 ER PT B AU LU, MH ALI, SF HE, DS TURTURRO, A HART, RW AF LU, MH ALI, SF HE, DS TURTURRO, A HART, RW BE Hu, VW TI CELL-PROLIFERATION AS A BIOMARKER OF AGE AND DEVELOPMENT SO CELL CYCLE: REGULATORS, TARGETS, AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS SE GWUMC DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY ANNUAL SPRING SYMPOSIA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Washington International Spring Symposium on Cell Cycle: Regulators, Targets, and Clinical Applications CY MAY 10-14, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 BN 0-306-44672-3 J9 GWUMC DEPT PY 1994 BP 263 EP 269 PG 7 GA BA55Y UT WOS:A1994BA55Y00031 ER PT S AU BINIENDA, Z ROUNTREE, RL TAYLOR, NR SLIKKER, W SCALLET, AC AF BINIENDA, Z ROUNTREE, RL TAYLOR, NR SLIKKER, W SCALLET, AC BE Das, DK TI THE EFFECTS OF REDUCED PERFUSION AND REPERFUSION ON C-FOS PROTEIN IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN GESTATIONAL DAY-21 RAT BRAINS SO CELLULAR, BIOCHEMICAL, AND MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF REPERFUSION INJURY SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Note CT Conference on Cellular, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects of Reperfusion Injury CY JUL 11-14, 1993 CL NEW YORK, NY SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI RP BINIENDA, Z (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-883-9 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 723 BP 457 EP 461 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb36777.x PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physiology GA BA67G UT WOS:A1994BA67G00066 PM 8030912 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, MA AF MCLAUGHLIN, MA TI ANALYSIS, CEREAL-GRAINS, AND DECIMALS SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Editorial Material RP MCLAUGHLIN, MA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD JAN PY 1994 VL 39 IS 1 BP 43 EP 44 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA MU839 UT WOS:A1994MU83900009 ER PT S AU CALLAHAN, TJ GANTENBERG, JB SANDS, BE AF CALLAHAN, TJ GANTENBERG, JB SANDS, BE BE Horowitz, E Parr, JE TI CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE (CA-P) COATING DRAFT GUIDANCE FOR PREPARATION OF FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION (FDA) SUBMISSIONS FOR ORTHOPEDIC AND DENTAL ENDOSSEOUS IMPLANTS SO CHARACTERIZATION AND PERFORMANCE OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS FOR IMPLANTS SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Characterization and Performance of Calcium Phosphate Coatings for Implants CY NOV 17, 1992 CL MIAMI, FL SP AMER SOC TESTING & MAT, COMM MED & SURG MAT & DEVICE DE FDA DRAFT GUIDANCE; CALCIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS; LABELING CLAIMS; TEST METHODS C1 US FDA,DIV GEN & RESTORAT DEVICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 1071-5827 BN 0-8031-1854-6 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 1994 VL 1196 BP 185 EP 197 DI 10.1520/STP25193S PG 13 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BA28L UT WOS:A1994BA28L00017 ER PT J AU MANOHAR, V HUPPI, K LIZZIO, E HOFFMAN, T AF MANOHAR, V HUPPI, K LIZZIO, E HOFFMAN, T TI MURINE SPLENIC HEMATOPOIETIC SUBPOPULATIONS - THE ENLARGED UNDIFFERENTIATED SUBSET IN NEW-ZEALAND BLACK MICE IS MULTIPOTENT STEM-CELLS SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS; SURFACE; LYMPHOCYTES; GENES AB We recently reported that a significant population of the murine splenic non-T, non-B ''null'' cell compartment consists of non-lineage-specific, undifferentiated cells which are in the G(0) and G(1) phases of the cell cycle and that their numbers are particularly high in the spleens of New Zealand Black mice. A highly enriched population of these non-lineage-specific cells obtained by successive elimination of differentiated cells was further purified to homogeneity by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The morphologic, phenotypic, and histochemical characteristics of this purified population suggest that these cells may be primitive hematopoietic Stem cells. The germ line configuration of the genomic DNA establishes that these are uncommitted stem cells. In vivo, these cells form day 12 colonies in the spleen and liver of lethally irradiated recipients and confer radioprotection. These cells also differentiate into T- and B-cell lineages and reconstitute the immunodeficiency in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency. In response to a combination of a very few early-acting lymphokines and/or stromal cell-conditioned medium in vitro, these tells differentiate into both myeloid and lymphoid cell types. More of these cells are obtained from the enlarged spleens of New Zealand Black mice than from those of BALB/c mice. The presence of a comparatively higher number of stem cells in the spleen than in the marrow or fetal liver provides an alternative, and possibly superior, source of uncommitted stem cells for a variety of experimental investigations or therapeutic manipulations. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 1 IS 1 BP 99 EP 108 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA PT561 UT WOS:A1994PT56100019 PM 7496931 ER PT J AU OBIRI, NI SIEGEL, JP VARRICCHIO, F PURI, RK AF OBIRI, NI SIEGEL, JP VARRICCHIO, F PURI, RK TI EXPRESSION OF HIGH-AFFINITY IL-4 RECEPTORS ON HUMAN-MELANOMA, OVARIAN AND BREAST-CARCINOMA CELLS SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IL-4 RECEPTORS; SOLID HUMAN TUMORS; TUMOR GROWTH; MHC REGULATION ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; ACTIVATED KILLER-CELLS; HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-4; GAMMA-INTERFERON; LYMPHOCYTES-T; UP-REGULATION; IFN-GAMMA; B-CELLS; GROWTH AB It has previously been shown that murine sarcoma cells express high-affinity IL-4 receptors (IL-4R) which are internalized after binding to the ligand (Purl ct al., Cancer Res 1991; 51:3011-7). We have also reported that human renal cell carcinoma cells express high-affinity IL-4R, and IL-4 inhibits tumour growth in vitro (Obiri ct al., J Clin Invest 1993; 91:88). In this study we investigated the expression and function of IL-4R on other human solid tumours. Human melanoma, ovarian carcinoma and breast carcinoma cell lines were assessed for the cell surface expression of IL-4R by radio-ligand receptor binding and for IL-4R gene expression by Northern blot analysis. Primary cultures of mesothelioma and neurofibrosarcoma cells were similarly investigated. Human melanoma, ovarian carcinoma and breast carcinoma cell lines expressed IL-4R on their cell surface with a dissociation constant (K-d) of 140-549 PM. These tumour lines expressed a single 4 kb species of mRNA for IL-4R. Similarly, primary cultures of mesothelioma and neurofibrosarcoma cells were positive for the IL-4R mRNA by Northern blot analysis. Fresh, non-cultured mesothelioma and neurofibrosarcoma tumour sections were also positive for the presence of IL-4R as determined by immunohistochemistry of frozen sections using anti-IL-4R antibody. In order to study possible functions of IL-4R, we evaluated the effects of IL-4 on cell growth and its effect on MHC antigen expression in the presence or absence of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). In tissue culture, IL-4 reduced the growth of tumour cell lines and primary cell cultures studied. IL-4 had very little effect on MHC class I antigen expression on ovarian, breast and melanoma cell lines; however, MHC class II (HLA-DR) expression was enhanced on melanoma and breast carcinoma cells. IL-4 also enhanced the IFN-gamma-induced class II expression on melanoma and breast carcinoma cells. Taken together, our observations indicate that IL-4R are expressed on a variety of human solid tumours and these receptors may be functional. IL-4 alone and in combination with IFN-gamma may play a role in host immune response against cancers. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOUR BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 50 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0009-9104 J9 CLIN EXP IMMUNOL JI Clin. Exp. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 95 IS 1 BP 148 EP 155 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MQ997 UT WOS:A1994MQ99700025 PM 8287600 ER PT J AU AHN, HS AF AHN, HS TI TREE-STRUCTURED EXTREME-VALUE MODEL REGRESSION SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE BOOTSTRAP; RECURSIVE PARTITIONING; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; EXPONENTIAL REGRESSION; WEIBULL REGRESSION ID CENSORED-DATA; LINEAR-REGRESSION AB This paper gives a method for fitting piecewise Weibull regression models to censored survival data. Recursive stratification is performed using statistical tests for variances and residual analysis. The average squared error of the residuals is used as a splitting criterion in cross-validation. The bootstrap resampling is used to keep the probability of a type I error of the method (the error of finding two or more strata when there is one). Real and simulated data are used for illustration. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 1 BP 153 EP 174 DI 10.1080/03610929408831245 PG 22 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA MR990 UT WOS:A1994MR99000011 ER PT J AU HEDAYAT, AS CHI, GYH MAHJOOB, K AF HEDAYAT, AS CHI, GYH MAHJOOB, K TI BLENDS OF STATISTICAL DESIGNS FOR DOSE-RESPONSE STUDIES SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE CONFIRMATORY TRIAL; SUPPORTIVE TRIAL; REPEATED MEASUREMENTS DESIGN; PARALLEL-GROUP DESIGN; DOSE-RESPONSE; DOSE-TITRATION; FORCED TITRATION; VARIABLE TREATMENT DURATION; COMBINATION DRUG; FACTORIAL DESIGN; POPULATION MEAN-DOSE RESPONSE CURVE; OVERALL POPULATION DOSE RESPONSE-CURVE ID COMBINATION THERAPY; TITRATION; SURFACE; TRIALS AB It is becoming increasingly apparent that for reasons of safety, efficacy and cost, accurate and useful dose-response/dose-titration information should be provided by clinical trials and included in the drug product labeling. In this exposition, we discuss some design related issues and focus our attention on trial designs primarily meant to gather dose-response or dose-titration information. We consider blends of repeated measurements, parallel-group, and titration designs, a titration design with variable treatment duration, and factorial designs for studying combination drugs. Our goal is to search for optimal and efficient clinical trial designs that will address as many of these clinical questions as possible and at the same time provide supportive evidence on the efficacy of the drug. Although our discussion is very general, we are cognizant of the limitations of these designs and the complexity of their associated analyses in practice, and hope that they might prove to be applicable and useful in some situations. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MATH STAT & COMP SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 341 EP 360 DI 10.1080/03610929408831259 PG 20 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA MU155 UT WOS:A1994MU15500004 ER PT J AU HUNG, HMJ CHI, GYH LIPICKY, RJ AF HUNG, HMJ CHI, GYH LIPICKY, RJ TI ON SOME STATISTICAL-METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF COMBINATION-DRUG STUDIES SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE FACTORIAL TRIAL; MIN TEST; 2-STAGE TEST; MAX TEST; AVE TEST; DOSE RESPONSE; CONFIDENCE REGION; CONFIDENCE SURFACE; RESPONSE SURFACE ID RESPONSE-SURFACE; THERAPY AB To be discussed are the practical considerations in the use of some statistical methods to evaluate clinical data for combination antihypertensive agents. The issues of interest concern efficacy and dose-response in a factorial clinical trial for multiple dose combinations. Discussions cover fixed-dose combination studies. C1 US FDA,CDER,DIV BIOMETR,SERB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,CDER,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 361 EP 376 DI 10.1080/03610929408831260 PG 16 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA MU155 UT WOS:A1994MU15500005 ER PT J AU HUQUE, MF DUBEY, SD AF HUQUE, MF DUBEY, SD TI A METAANALYSIS METHODOLOGY FOR UTILIZING STUDY-LEVEL COVARIATE-INFORMATION FROM CLINICAL-TRIALS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE METAANALYSIS; CLINICAL TRIALS; STUDY-COVARIATES; MIXED-EFFECTS MODELING; HETEROGENEOUS TREATMENT EFFECTS ID MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RANDOMIZED TRIALS; ODDS RATIO; TESTS; METAANALYSIS; ASSOCIATION; HOMOGENEITY; SPARSE AB Covariate information at the patient level is generally not available for a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Published papers, or unpublished reports of clinical trials selected for a meta-analysis generally do not include such information at the patient level. However, such papers and reports usually include design and covariate information at the study level. For example, they generally report important patient population characteristics for the study in the form of descriptive statistics including design information. such as, dose levels, duration of treatment information, gender and race proportions, etc. This paper addresses a meta-analysis methodology for binary responses based on mixed-effects modeling which makes use of such study-level covariate information. This paper also reviews fixed and random effects meta-analysis methods which become special cases of the mixed-effects methodology. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 377 EP 394 DI 10.1080/03610929408831261 PG 18 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA MU155 UT WOS:A1994MU15500006 ER PT J AU TEMPLE, RJ AF TEMPLE, RJ TI SPECIAL STUDY DESIGNS - EARLY ESCAPE, ENRICHMENT, STUDIES IN NONRESPONDERS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE ENRICHMENT; RANDOMIZED WITHDRAWAL; EARLY ESCAPE ID MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DOUBLE-BLIND; PLACEBO; TRIAL; SUPPRESSION; ENCAINIDE; ASPIRIN; ANGINA AB In a number of situations, a simple randomized trial in unselected patients may not be possible or efficient. Randomized withdrawal of therapy in patients previously treated, studies that allow early escape/early advance of patients doing poorly, and enrichment of study populations with potential responders may increase the feasibility of a trial and its chances for success. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,OFF DRUG EVALUAT 1,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 13 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 499 EP 531 DI 10.1080/03610929408831269 PG 33 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA MU155 UT WOS:A1994MU15500014 ER PT J AU WENG, TS AF WENG, TS TI TOWARD A DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF DISEASE-STATE TRANSITION MONITORED BY SERIAL CLINICAL LABORATORY TESTS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Statistical Issues in Drug Testing and Drug Evaluation CY DEC 02-03, 1991 CL BETHESDA, MD SP NIDA DE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS; COMPARTMENTAL MODEL; STOCHASTIC PROCESS; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL; BUPRENORPHINE; METHADONE ID FAILURE TIME DATA; REGRESSION-ANALYSIS; MULTIVARIATE AB A closed stochastic 3-compartment system is proposed to model data from a randomized comparative clinical trial with the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of the new drug Buprenorphine against that of the commercially available drug Methadone for the treatment of opiate addiction. The results showed that, relative to Methadone, Buprenorphine, was more efficacious with steadfast drug action---patients on Buprenorphine treatment tended to achieve an opiate-negative state faster and upon reaching that state they stayed there longer. C1 US FDA,CDRH,OST,DBS,STAT BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 643 EP 660 DI 10.1080/03610929408831277 PG 18 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA MU155 UT WOS:A1994MU15500022 ER PT J AU KODELL, RL CHEN, JJ MOORE, GE AF KODELL, RL CHEN, JJ MOORE, GE TI COMPARING DISTRIBUTIONS OF TIME TO ONSET OF DISEASE IN ANIMAL TUMORIGENICITY EXPERIMENTS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE CARCINOGENICITY BIOASSAY; CAUSE-OF-DEATH; PETO-ET-AL TEST; POLY-3 TEST; SCORE TEST ID SURVIVAL SACRIFICE EXPERIMENTS; NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; CARCINOGENICITY; TESTS; MORTALITY; MODELS AB The cause-of-death test of Peto et al. (1980) pools information from a Hoel-Walburg test on incidental tumors with information from a logrank test on fatal tumors in order to compare the tumor rate of a group of rodents exposed to a carcinogen against the tumor rate of a group of unexposed animals. The cause-of-death test, which can arise as a partial likelihood score test from a model that assumes proportional odds for tumor prevalence and proportional hazards for tumor mortality, is not, in general, a direct test for equality of tumor onset distributions for occult tumors that are observed in both fatal and incidental contexts. This paper develops a direct cause-of-death test for comparing distributions of time to onset of occult tumors. The test is derived as a partial likelihood score test under an assumed proportional hazards model for tumor onset distributions. The size and power of the proposed test are compared in a Monte Carlo simulation study to the size and power of competitive procedures, including procedures that do not require cause-of-death information. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,COMP BASED SYST INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 4 BP 959 EP 980 DI 10.1080/03610929408831298 PG 22 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA NA878 UT WOS:A1994NA87800001 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ MOORE, GE AF CHEN, JJ MOORE, GE TI IMPACT OF SURVIVING TIME ON TESTS FOR CARCINOGENICITY SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE LOGRANK TEST; HOEL-WALBURG TEST; PETO ONSET TEST ID STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; TUMOR; MORTALITY; MODELS AB In tumorigenicity experiments, each animal begins in a tumor-free state and then either develops a tumor or dies before developing a tumor. Animals that develop a tumor either die from the tumor or from other competing causes. All surviving animals are sacrificed at the end of the experiment, normally two years. The two most commonly used statistical tests are the logrank test for comparing hazards of death from rapidly lethal tumors and the Hoel-Walburg test for comparing prevalences of nonlethal tumors. However, the data obtained from a carcinogenicity experiment generally contains a mixture of fatal and incidental tumors. Peto et al, (1980) suggested combining the fatal and incidental tests for a comparison of tumor onset distributions. Extensive simulations show that the trend test for tumor onset using the Peto procedure has the proper size, under the simulation constraints, when each group has identical mortality patterns, and the test with continuity correction tends to be conservative. When the animals in the dosed groups have reduced survival rates, the type I error rate is likely to exceed the nominal level. The continuity correction is recommended for a small reduction in survival time among the dosed groups to ensure the proper size. However, when there is a large reduction in survival times in the dosed groups, the onset test does not have the proper size. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,COMP BASED SYST INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0361-0926 J9 COMMUN STAT THEORY JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 1994 VL 23 IS 5 BP 1375 EP 1386 DI 10.1080/03610929408831328 PG 12 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA NF539 UT WOS:A1994NF53900010 ER PT J AU HOLDER, CL SLIKKER, W THOMPSON, HC AF HOLDER, CL SLIKKER, W THOMPSON, HC TI COMPARISON OF THE METABOLISM AND ELIMINATION OF PYRILAMINE MALEATE IN THE RAT, MOUSE AND FEMALE RHESUS-MONKEY SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-PHARMACOLOGY TOXICOLOGY & ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PYRILAMINE; N-DESMETHYL PYRILAMINE; GLUCURONIDE PRODUCTS; O-DEALKYLATED PYRILAMINE ID METHAPYRILENE HYDROCHLORIDE; ANTIHISTAMINES; THENYLDIAMINE AB Elimination and metabolic profiles of the O-glucuronide conjugated products of pyrilamine and their nonconjugated O-dealkylated and N-desmethyl pyrilamine products were determined after the oral administration of (C-14)-pyrilamine maleate to Fischer 344 rats, B(6)C(3)F1 mice and female rhesus monkeys by stomach tube or i.v. The total cumulative urinary and fecal pyrilamine products were determined. The conjugated pyrilamine metabolites, isolated and identified were the glucuronide products of O-dealkylated pyrilamine and ring-hydroxylated pyrilamine, and the nonconjugated metabolites were predominately the N-desmethylpyrilamine and O-dealkylated pyrilamine and their ring-hydroxylated products. Statistically significant differences were observed in the percentages of the conjugated and nonconjugated metabolites of pyrilamine excreted by the three species studied. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HOLDER, CL (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV CHEM,HFT 230,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0742-8413 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS C JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Pharmacol. Toxicol. Endocrinol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 107 IS 1 BP 159 EP 164 DI 10.1016/1367-8280(94)90022-1 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Toxicology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Toxicology; Zoology GA NC175 UT WOS:A1994NC17500021 ER PT J AU SHANK, FR CARSON, K AF SHANK, FR CARSON, K TI THE REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT PAST AND FUTURE - INCENTIVE OR IMPEDIMENT TO DEVELOPMENTS IN FOOD-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY - A PERSPECTIVE FROM FDA SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE FDA; FOOD SAFETY; INNOVATION; TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE; HARMONIZATION AB The best system for protecting public health is one that involves two layers of control before food reaches the consumer. The first layer of control is the industry's clear responsibility to prepare food that is safe. The second layer of control is the monitoring that is provided by government to ensure that the industry is doing its job and is in fact producing safe food. While some may view this ''second layer'' as an impediment in the development and marketing of new technologies, there is another way to look at the ''regulatory environment''. The regulatory environment itself, is not an impediment to the development of food science and technology. The regulatory environment, with all its components - scientists, consumers, industry, and Congress - defines ''safety'' within the context of today's technology, scientific capability, and tolerance level of the lay public. The entire regulatory environment serves to guide the development of food science and technology by providing signposts, in the form of scientifically sound regulatory decisions. The scientific basis of these decisions becomes building blocks on which to rest further refinement of the technology, product, ingredient, or packaging material or on which research in related technologies or research in innovative directions can build. This scientific groundwork becomes very important as more and more companies move away from having self-contained research laboratories toward using commercial laboratories and academic institutions, as well as participating in cooperative research endeavors to meet food safety and product development research needs. These changes in the way industry is doing business today clearly indicate a direction that will impact on the ''regulatory environment'' in the next few years - a direction that will include deeper commitment of private/public sector cooperation in generating the data and information that defines safety for any given technology or product. The shift to commercial labs and academic institutions is occurring at the same time the consumer continues to believe that food is ''safe'', novel technologies and products are entering die market at an ever increasing rate, the market is moving toward a more global food supply, and significant changes are taking place in the food safety/inspection infrastructure. To meet these challenges, the academic institutions will take on more importance. To the extent that food scientists from industry dissipate, other food scientists - particularly those in academic settings - must assume additional responsibilities. Further changes will come in the way we do business. In the words of Robert McVicker, Kraft General Foods' Dr. VP of Technology, Quality Assurance and Scientific Relations, describing one public/private sector cooperative effort, the National Center for Food Safety and Technology, ''It is clear that in forming the National Center our key objective is the generation and fostering of scientific and technical knowledge and the exchange of this knowledge among the agency, industry, and academic partners. In working side by side, I believe we will learn that our goals are very similar and are, in fact, identical. Through partnerships and strategic alliances such as we are forging, we will continue to deliver safe and wholesome foods to American consumers.'' RP SHANK, FR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1994 VL 34 IS 2 BP 207 EP 214 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA NE745 UT WOS:A1994NE74500006 PM 8011145 ER PT J AU LEE, CJ WANG, TR AF LEE, CJ WANG, TR TI PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION AND IMMUNIZATION IN CHILDREN SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION; IMMUNIZATION IN CHILDREN; IMMUNITY TO POLYSACCHARIDE (PS); PS-PROTEIN CONJUGATE ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; CONTRASUPPRESSOR T-CELLS; GROUP-C POLYSACCHARIDES; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; OTITIS-MEDIA; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; TYPE-19F POLYSACCHARIDE; CHARLESTON COUNTY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; SOUTH-CAROLINA AB Pneumococcal infection persists as a major cause of pneumonia, bacteremia, and otitis media and is the important cause of meningitis in young children. Children less than 2 years of age show the highest incidence of pneumococcal diseases. Pneumococcal types 6A + 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F + 19A, and 23F account for the large majority of disease isolates in the pediatric population. Bacterial clearance and antibody response were studied in young mice from mothers injected with pneumococcal type 9V polysaccharide (PS) conjugated with the inactivated pneumolysin to examine the protective immunity of young mice to pneumococcal infection. The injection of mice with pneumococcal PS-protein conjugate conferred the protective immunity to pneumococcal infection. The efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine might be enhanced by addition of inactivated pneumolysin in the form of PS-protein conjugate. The molecular size of pneumococcal type 19F PS or oligosaccharide used for preparing the PS-protein conjugate has a profound effect on the antibody response to the PS. The conjugate immunogen prepared from a large molecule of 19F PS produced a high antibody response to the PS in young mice. Development of a PS-protein conjugate vaccine for selected pneumococcal types will help in solving problems of poor immunogenicity of pneumococcal PS vaccine in young children. RP LEE, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 85 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-841X J9 CRIT REV MICROBIOL JI Crit. Rev. Microbiol. PY 1994 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.3109/10408419409113544 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA MX766 UT WOS:A1994MX76600001 PM 8185832 ER PT J AU POLOTSKY, Y DRAGUNSKY, E KHAVKIN, T AF POLOTSKY, Y DRAGUNSKY, E KHAVKIN, T TI MORPHOLOGIC EVALUATION OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF BACTERIAL ENTERIC INFECTIONS SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ESCHERICHIA COLI; SALMONELLA; SHIGELLA; VIBRIO CHOLERAE; YERSINIA; PATHOGENESIS OF INFECTIONS ID ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SHIGELLA-DYSENTERIAE 1; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; INVASION PLASMID ANTIGENS; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; ORAL CHOLERA VACCINATION; TYPHI GIFU 10007; SHIGA-LIKE TOXIN AB Current advances in the understanding of the pathogenicity of the agents of diarrheal infections, Vibrio cholerae, diarrheagenic E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella, and enteropathogenic Yersinia, have, to a great extent, become possible due to morphological studies of host-pathogen interactions in natural and experimental infections. Despite a multigenic nature and a diversity of pathogenic features in the bacterial species and even in serogroups of the same species, it is now possible to delineate four major patterns of interaction of enteric pathogens with their cellular targets, the enterocytes, and with the immune apparatus of the gut. These patterns, epicellular cytotonic, epicellular restructuring cytotonic, invasive intraepithelial cytotonic and cytotoxic, and invasive transcellular cytotonic and cytotoxic bacteremic, underlie early pathogenesis and clinical manifestations in the respective diarrheal diseases. In this review, the results of the morphological analyses of these patterns over the last 3 decades as well as some methodological problems encountered in the interpretation of morphological observations are discussed. C1 INTERFERON SCI INC,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08901. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PATHOL,WASHINGTON,DC. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20592. NR 411 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-841X J9 CRIT REV MICROBIOL JI Crit. Rev. Microbiol. PY 1994 VL 20 IS 3 BP 161 EP 208 DI 10.3109/10408419409114553 PG 48 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA PF256 UT WOS:A1994PF25600001 PM 7802956 ER PT J AU TOURNAS, V AF TOURNAS, V TI HEAT-RESISTANT FUNGI OF IMPORTANCE TO THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE HEAT-RESISTANT FUNGI; ISOLATION; IDENTIFICATION; CANNED FRUIT SPOILAGE; HEAT DESTRUCTION; GROWTH INHIBITION; TOXIC METABOLITES ID NEOSARTORYA-FISCHERI ASCOSPORES; TALAROMYCES-FLAVUS; BYSSOCHLAMYS-FULVA; TEMPERATURE; PATULIN; ASPERGILLUS; GROWTH; MOLDS; JUICE; NIVEA AB Spoilage of pasteurized and canned fruit and fruit products caused by heat-resistant molds have been reported repeatedly in recent years. Species most commonly implicated in fruit and fruit product disintegration are Byssochlamys fulva, Byssochlamys nivea, Neosartorya fischeri, Talaromyces flavus, and Eupenicillium brefeldianum. These organisms are saprophytic rather than parasitic and usually contaminate fruits on or near the ground. They can survive heat treatments used for fruit processing and can grow and spoil the products during storage at room temperature, which results in great economic losses. Mold heat resistance is attributed to the formation of sexual spores, ascospores. Ascospores have a wide range of heat resistance, depending on species, strain, age of organism, heating medium, pH, presence of sugars, fats, and acids in heating medium, growth conditions, etc. The mechanism(s) of thermoresistance are not clear; probably some very stable compound(s) critical to germination and outgrowth are present in the heat-resistant ascospores. Besides spoilage, the heat-resistant molds produce a number of toxic secondary metabolites, such as byssotoxin A; byssochlamic acid; the carcinogen, patulin, the tremorgenic substances, fumitremorgin A and C, and verruculogen; fischerin, which caused fatal peritonitis in mice; and eupenifeldin, a compound possessing cytotoxicity as well as in vivo antitumor activity. Growth of heat-resistant fungi can be controlled by lowering the water activity, adding sulfur dioxide, sorbate, or benzoate; washing of fruits in hypochlorite solution before heat treatment reduces the number of ascospores and makes the heat destruction more successful. More research is needed to elucidate the mechanism(s) of thermoresistance and develop new methods for the complete inactivation of resistant ascospores. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 115 TC 84 Z9 93 U1 5 U2 46 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, JOURNALS CUSTOMER SERVICE, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-841X J9 CRIT REV MICROBIOL JI Crit. Rev. Microbiol. PY 1994 VL 20 IS 4 BP 243 EP 263 DI 10.3109/10408419409113558 PG 21 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA PV140 UT WOS:A1994PV14000001 PM 7857517 ER PT J AU SANDBERG, JA ECKHOFF, C NAU, H SLIKKER, W AF SANDBERG, JA ECKHOFF, C NAU, H SLIKKER, W TI PHARMACOKINETICS OF 13-CIS-, ALL-TRANS-, 13-CIS-4-OXO-, AND ALL-TRANS-4-OXO RETINOIC ACID AFTER INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION IN THE CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID 13-CIS-RETINOIC ACID; 4-OXO-13-CIS-RETINOIC ACID; PLASMA-LEVELS; VITAMIN-A; ISOTRETINOIN; MICE; TERATOGENICITY; DISPOSITION; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLISM AB The intravenous pharmacokinetics of 13-cis-, all trans-, 13-cis-4-oxo, and all-trans-4-oxo retinoic acid (RA) were determined in nonpregnant female cynomolgus monkeys. All-trans- and 13-cis-RA were injected at two doses (0.25 or 0.0125 mg/kg) end all-trans-4-oxo RA and 13-cis-4-oxo RA at 0.25 mg/kg. Total body clearance, volume of distribution, and volume of distribution at steady state of all-trans-RA were dose-dependent with greater values at the lower dose. Elimination half life was longer for the cis-compounds and not dose-dependent (N = 1 for 13-cis-4-oxo RA, N = 3 for other compounds, harmonic mean +/- pseudostandard deviation, min): 13-cis-4-oxo RA (837) greater than or equal to 13-cis-RA (301 +/- 204). all-trans-PA (38 e 3), all-trans-4- oxo RA (11 +/- 2). Secondary plasma peaks were noted only after administration of 13-cis-4-oxo RA. The low area under the time concentration curves for observable metabolites after intravenous injection of the oxidated compounds suggests further metabolism plays a minimal role in the elimination of these compounds from the monkey. Plasma-time concentration curves were fitted to multicompartmental models and suggested <30% of each compound was available in the central compartment for elimination in the postdistribution phase. A comparison of the kinetics of the isomers indicated oxidation of all-trans-RA to all-trans-4-oxo RA increased mean total body clearance values 4-fold. Elimination half-life was longer and volume of distribution was greater for 13-cis-RA compared with all trans-RA in the cynomolgus monkey. The similarity of RA pharmacokinetics and teratogenic susceptibility in the human, monkey, and hamster may be related to similarities in volume distribution and biotransformation. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FREE UNIV BERLIN,INST TOXICOL & EMBRYOPHARMACOL,W-1000 BERLIN,GERMANY. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 22 IS 1 BP 154 EP 160 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NA670 UT WOS:A1994NA67000026 PM 8149876 ER PT J AU KADLUBAR, FF AF KADLUBAR, FF TI BIOCHEMICAL INDIVIDUALITY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DRUG AND CARCINOGEN METABOLISM - RECENT INSIGHTS FROM ACETYLTRANSFERASE AND CYTOCHROME P4501A2 PHENOTYPING AND GENOTYPING IN HUMANS SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Arkansas Toxicology Symposium, Honoring the Research Contributions of Dr Elizabeth C Miller and Dr James A Miller CY DEC 10-11, 1992 CL LITTLE ROCK, AR SP IMOV ARKANSAS MED SCI, DEPT PHARM & TOXICOL, DIV TOXICOL ID ARYLAMINE N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; URINARY-BLADDER; AROMATIC-AMINES; HUMAN-LIVER; O-ACETYLATION; DNA; ACTIVATION; OXIDATION; CAFFEINE; COLON RP KADLUBAR, FF (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES HFT100,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 38 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PY 1994 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.3109/03602539409029783 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NK834 UT WOS:A1994NK83400003 PM 8082575 ER PT J AU POIRIER, LA AF POIRIER, LA TI METHYL-GROUP DEFICIENCY IN HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Arkansas Toxicology Symposium, Honoring the Research Contributions of Dr Elizabeth C Miller and Dr James A Miller CY DEC 10-11, 1992 CL LITTLE ROCK, AR SP IMOV ARKANSAS MED SCI, DEPT PHARM & TOXICOL, DIV TOXICOL ID ADENOSYL-L-METHIONINE; CHOLINE-DEVOID DIET; ACID-DEFINED DIETS; RAT-LIVER CARCINOGENESIS; HEPATOCYTE-LIKE CELLS; S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; DNA METHYLATION; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; TUMOR PROMOTION; GROUP METABOLISM RP POIRIER, LA (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,HFT-140,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 96 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0360-2532 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PY 1994 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 185 EP 199 DI 10.3109/03602539409029790 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA NK834 UT WOS:A1994NK83400010 PM 8082564 ER PT B AU MILIOTIS, MD TALL, BD GRAY, RT AF MILIOTIS, MD TALL, BD GRAY, RT BE Jouffrey, B Colliex, C TI Invasion of HeLa cells by Vibrio hollisae SO ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 1994, VOLS 3A AND 3B: APPLICATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Electron Microscopy CY JUL 17-22, 1994 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Federat Soc Electron Microscopy, Minist Enseignement Super & Recher, Acad Sci, Minist Affaires Etrangeres, European Union, CNRS, INSERM, CEA C1 US FDA,DIV VIRULENCE ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS PA AVENUE DU HOGGAR, ZONE INDUSTRIELLE COURTABOEUF, BP112 91944 LES ULIS, FRANCE BN 2-86883-228-8 PY 1994 BP 1329 EP 1330 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA BE09Z UT WOS:A1994BE09Z00628 ER PT B AU HANES, DE GRAY, RT TALL, BD AF HANES, DE GRAY, RT TALL, BD BE Jouffrey, B Colliex, C TI Salmonella enteritidis adherence to and invasion of tissue culture cells SO ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 1994, VOLS 3A AND 3B: APPLICATIONS IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Congress on Electron Microscopy CY JUL 17-22, 1994 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP Int Federat Soc Electron Microscopy, Minist Enseignement Super & Recher, Acad Sci, Minist Affaires Etrangeres, European Union, CNRS, INSERM, CEA C1 US FDA,DIV VIRULENCE ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS PA AVENUE DU HOGGAR, ZONE INDUSTRIELLE COURTABOEUF, BP112 91944 LES ULIS, FRANCE BN 2-86883-228-8 PY 1994 BP 1331 EP 1332 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA BE09Z UT WOS:A1994BE09Z00629 ER PT J AU KRAGIE, L AF KRAGIE, L TI MEMBRANE IODOTHYRONINE TRANSPORTERS .1. REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY SO ENDOCRINE RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID RAT-LIVER CELLS; THYROID-HORMONE TRANSPORT; CARRIER-MEDIATED TRANSPORT; AMINO-ACID-TRANSPORT; L-TRI-IODOTHYRONINE; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; TRIIODOTHYRONINE TRANSPORT; ACTIVE-TRANSPORT; CELLULAR UPTAKE; CHOROID-PLEXUS RP KRAGIE, L (reprint author), US FDA,CDER,DIV CARDIORENAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 100 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0743-5800 J9 ENDOCR RES JI Endocr. Res. PY 1994 VL 20 IS 4 BP 319 EP 341 PG 23 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA PX526 UT WOS:A1994PX52600001 PM 7882896 ER PT J AU SOTOMAYOR, RE SEGA, GA KADLUBAR, F AF SOTOMAYOR, RE SEGA, GA KADLUBAR, F TI INDUCTION OF DNA-DAMAGE BY URETHANE IN MOUSE TESTES - DNA-BINDING AND UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE DNA ALKYLATION; DNA REPAIR; SPERMATOGENESIS ID ETHYL CARBAMATE URETHANE; GERM-CELLS; MALE-MICE; METHANESULFONATE; MUTAGENICITY; METABOLISM; BEVERAGES; PROTAMINE; ADDUCTS; FOODS AB The extent and persistence of DNA damage and repair were investigated in mouse spermatogenic cells exposed in vivo to urethane (ethyl carbamate, EC). Adult male mice exposed to [H-3]EC at 10-1,000 mg/kg were sacrificed 12 hr later. EC/metabolite binding to liver and testicular DNA and to sperm heads from the vasa deferentia was measured. Other male mice were exposed to EC at 50-750 mg/kg, and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) induction was investigated in early spermatid stages. Similar experiments were conducted with vinyl carbamate (VC; putative EC metabolite) at 10-75 mg/kg. [H-3]EC bound to liver and testicular DNA and to whole sperm heads. Testicular DNA binding increased linearly with dose, although binding was at least 2 orders of magnitude lower than with liver DNA. Sperm head binding also increased linearly with dose. Dose response studies with the UDS assay showed that EC and VC induced a small but significant increase of the UDS response in early spermatid stages. However, the induced UDS responses were quite variable and did not consistently increase with the administered dose. To determine the time kinetics of UDS induction, [H-3]dThd was injected at various times after treatment with 500 mg/kg of EC or 60 mg/kg of VC. A slight but significant UDS increase was observed 4 hr after treatment with EC but not with VC. Overall, these results suggest that EC metabolites bind to testis DNA and cause low-level DNA damage in mouse spermatogenic cells. This type of DNA damage apparently does not have significant genetic consequences. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP SOTOMAYOR, RE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,MOD-1,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1994 VL 24 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.1002/em.2850240109 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA NZ310 UT WOS:A1994NZ31000008 PM 8050418 ER PT J AU HARTMAN, Z HENRIKSON, EN HARTMAN, PE CEBULA, TA AF HARTMAN, Z HENRIKSON, EN HARTMAN, PE CEBULA, TA TI MOLECULAR-MODELS THAT MAY ACCOUNT FOR NITROUS-ACID MUTAGENESIS IN ORGANISMS CONTAINING DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE ALKYLATION; ALLELE-SPECIFIC OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; BACTERIA; CROSS-LINKED BASES; DEAMINATION; DUPLEX DNA; MUTATIONAL SPECTRA; NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR; PCR; URACIL-DNA GLYCOSYLASE ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; CYTOSINE RESIDUES; TARGET SEQUENCES; NITRIC-OXIDE; GLYCOSYLASE; MUTATIONS; HYPOXANTHINE AB Nitrous acid (NA) is often presumed to cause base substitutions in organisms with double-stranded DNA as a direct consequence of oxidative deamination of adenine and of cytosine residues. Here we summarize evidence indicating that other mechanisms are involved in the ca se of NA-induced G/C --> A/T transition mutations. We present several models for pathways of NA mutagenesis that may account for our experimental results and overlapping data noted in the literature. One model proposes that the base substitution mutations observed are due to DNA alkylation damage mediated via nitrosation of polyamines and/or other ubiquitous cellular molecules. Other models assume that pre-disposing lesions, such as G-to-G cross-links, ore first formed. The cross-links are pictured as leading to perturbations in DNA structure that allow subsequent opportunity for NA-induced deaminations of cytosine residues in their immediate vicinity. The deaminations preferentially result in G/C-->A/T transition mutations at sites highly dependent on adjoining base sequence context (i.e., in NA ''mutational hotspots''). A final model proposes that NA-induced G/C-->A/T transition mutations arise mainly from oxidative deamination of guanosine residues and not from deamination of cytosine residues in duplex DNA. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP HARTMAN, Z (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT BIOL,144 MUDD HALL,BALTIMORE,MD 21218, USA. NR 59 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1994 VL 24 IS 3 BP 168 EP 175 DI 10.1002/em.2850240305 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA QF993 UT WOS:A1994QF99300004 PM 7957120 ER PT J AU AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE LENSING, S WAMER, W AF AIDOO, A LYNCOOK, LE LENSING, S WAMER, W TI ASCORBIC-ACID (VITAMIN-C) MODULATES THE MUTAGENIC EFFECTS PRODUCED BY AN ALKYLATING AGENT IN-VIVO SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE ASCORBIC ACID; ANTIMUTAGENICITY; N-ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA; SPLEEN AND THYMUS LYMPHOCYTES ID ETHYL-N-NITROSOUREA; BETA-CAROTENE; CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; CELL-PROLIFERATION; FISCHER-344 RATS; COVALENT BINDING; BONE-MARROW; LYMPHOCYTES; INHIBITION AB Recent reports suggest that ascorbic acid (vitamin C) inhibits tumorigenesis as well as exerts a protective effect against mutagenesis in vitro; however, there is no information on its ability to affect gene mutations induced in vivo. In this study, we have investigated the antimutagenic effects of ascorbic acid on the frequency of 6-thioguanine-resistant (6-TG(r)) T-lymphocytes produced in Fischer 344 rats dosed with the direct-acting alkylating agent, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). The frequency of 6-TG(r) T-lymphocytes from the spleen measured five weeks after ENU treatment indicated that ENU produced a substantial mutagenic response. Pretreatment and/or post-treatment of mts with ascorbic acid administered in the drinking water appeared to inhibit the response, but the inhibition was statistically significant only when data from the various dosing schedules were pooled. In addition, there was no clear dose-dependency to the inhibitory effect of ascorbic acid. To further evaluate the time effects of the vitamin supplement on ENU mutagenicity, rats were exposed to the mutagen together with ascorbic acid, which was given continuously for the entire duration of the experiment. At specific times after ENU treatment, the frequency of 6-TG(r) T-cells was determined in lymphocytes isolated from the spleen and the thymus. Time-dependent increases in the frequency of 6-TG(r) T-cells were observed with ENU treatment; ascorbic acid significantly reduced the ENU-mediated mutagenic responses, most dramatically in the spleen at weeks 6 and 8 (P < 0.0001), and to a lesser extent in the thymus (P < 0.01 at week 6 and P < 0.006 at week 8). Our data suggest that ascorbic acid intake affects the in vivo mutagenicity of ENU, a direct-acting mutagen/carcinogen, and that the reported inhibitory effects of the antioxidant on carcinogenesis may be partially mediated by its effects on mutagenesis. Although it is difficult to extrapolate from rodent studies to humans, the results presented suggest an explanation for epidemiological data that link vitamin C ingestion with decreased cancer risk. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 COMP BASED SYST INC,JEFFERSON,AR. US FDA,CTR FOOD & NUTR SAFETY,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP AIDOO, A (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HTF 120,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 51 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1994 VL 24 IS 3 BP 220 EP 228 DI 10.1002/em.2850240311 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA QF993 UT WOS:A1994QF99300010 PM 7957125 ER PT J AU ELESPURU, R ONEILL, P AF ELESPURU, R ONEILL, P TI IN COMMEMORATION OF THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL-MUTAGEN-SOCIETY SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV VERMONT,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. RP ELESPURU, R (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1994 VL 23 SU 24 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1002/em.2850230602 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA NJ844 UT WOS:A1994NJ84400001 ER PT J AU KUPCHELLA, E KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA AF KUPCHELLA, E KOCH, WH CEBULA, TA TI MUTANT ALLELES OF TRANSFER RNA(THR) GENES SUPPRESS THE HISG46 MISSENSE MUTATION IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE SUPPRESSOR MUTATIONS; MISSENSE SUPPRESSION; THREONINE TRANSFER RNA; THRT; THRV; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; HIS-G46; ALLELE-SPECIFIC COLONY HYBRIDIZATION ID OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE COLONY HYBRIDIZATION; TRANSFER RNA-SYNTHETASE; THREONINE TRANSFER-RNA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FRAMESHIFT MUTATIONS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MUTAGENICITY TEST; TARGET SEQUENCES; HISTIDINE OPERON; MESSENGER-RNA AB Extragenic suppressors of the hisG46 missense mutation were mapped to the 71 and 88 min regions of the Salmonella typhimurium chromosome, positions that in Escherichia coli contain the thrV (tRNA(Thr1)) and thrT (tRNA(Thr3)) genes, respectively. The suppressor loci were identified as mutant alleles of thrV and thrT, using allele-specific colony hybridization. An oligomer, based on the conserved 5' sequence of the thrT and thrV genes in E. coli and designed to contain the putative mutant anticodon, discriminated between suppressor-containing and wild-type strains. Similarly, probes specific for the thrV[SuGGG] and thrT[SuGGG] were used to differentiate the two suppressors. To date, all extragenic suppressors of hisG46 have been identified as either thrV[SuGGG] or thrT[SuGGG]. A near equal distribution of thrV[SuGGG] and thrT[SuGGG] suppressors was found among 29 spontaneous and 43 mutagen-induced hisG46 extragenic suppressor revertants. It was concluded, therefore, that mutant alleles of thrV and thrT are predominantly, if not solely, responsible for intergenic suppression of the hisG46 mutation. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 44 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0893-6692 J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen. PY 1994 VL 23 IS 2 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1002/em.2850230202 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA NB788 UT WOS:A1994NB78800001 PM 8143705 ER PT J AU SAHU, SC AF SAHU, SC TI DUAL ROLE OF FLAVONOIDS IN MUTAGENESIS AND CARCINOGENESIS SO ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS-PART C OF JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH LA English DT Review ID EPIDERMAL ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; OXYGEN FREE-RADICALS; NUCLEAR-DNA DAMAGE; TUMOR PROMOTION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; CULTURED-CELLS; LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITION RP SAHU, SC (reprint author), US FDA,DIV TOXICOL RES,LAUREL,MD, USA. NR 108 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 1059-0501 J9 ENVIRON CARCIN ECO R JI Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxical. Rev.-Pt. C J. Env. Sci. Health PY 1994 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 PG 21 WC Oncology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Oncology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA NR368 UT WOS:A1994NR36800001 ER PT B AU GAYLOR, DW AF GAYLOR, DW BE Cothern, CR Ross, NP TI STATISTICAL ISSUES FOR DEVELOPMENT TOXICITY DATA SO ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS, ASSESSMENT, AND FORECASTING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Environmental Statistics, Assessment, and Forecasting, at the National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 26, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, ENVIRONMENTAL DIV C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LEWIS PUBLISHERS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 BN 0-87371-936-0 PY 1994 BP 181 EP 191 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA BA62A UT WOS:A1994BA62A00010 ER PT J AU SETH, A PALLI, D MARIANO, JM METCALF, R VENANZONI, MC BIANCHI, S KOTTARIDIS, SD PAPAS, TS AF SETH, A PALLI, D MARIANO, JM METCALF, R VENANZONI, MC BIANCHI, S KOTTARIDIS, SD PAPAS, TS TI P53 GENE-MUTATIONS IN WOMEN WITH BREAST-CANCER AND A PREVIOUS HISTORY OF BENIGN BREAST DISEASE SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE BREAST CANCER; BENIGN BREAST DISEASE; P53 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE; MUTATIONS ID MEDICAL PROGRESS; CARCINOMAS AB Mutations of the p53 tumour suppressor gene are the most common genetic lesions in human cancers and have been reported in breast cancer as part of the Li-Fraumeni syndrome. In the present study, we determined frequencies and types of the p53 mutations in breast cancer tissues in women with a history of benign breast disease (BBD) identified in Florence, Italy, with (n = 6) or without (n = 10) a family history of breast cancer. Among the cases with a family history of breast cancer and BBD, 2 out of 6 had p53 gene mutations in cancer samples. 1 patient had a mutation at codon 248 and the other had double mutations at codons 243 and 241. In these cases, the p53 gene was also analysed in the tissue samples from previous BBD lesions; however, no mutations were observed (0 out of 6). These results suggest that the p53 mutations occur during advanced stages of tumour progression. In sporadic breast cancer cases with a history of BBD, p53 point mutations were observed in four samples (4 out of 10). Two of these mutations turned out to be silent changes and one of the samples showed triple mutations at amino acid positions 267, 277 and 296. No p53 gene mutations were found in the breast tumour tissues of 10 additional women from the same area with a family history of breast cancer, but no previous BBD (0 out of 10). Family history of breast cancer does not appear to affect the frequency of p53 mutations in women with a previous history of BBD. C1 CSPO,EPIDEMIOL UNIT,FLORENCE,ITALY. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC MED GENET LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV FLORENCE,DEPT PATHOL,FLORENCE,ITALY. PAPANIKOLAOU RES CTR ONCOL & EXPTL SURG,HELLENIC ANTICANC INST,ATHENS,GREECE. RP SETH, A (reprint author), NCI,MOLEC ONCOL LAB,POB B,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. OI PALLI, Domenico/0000-0002-5558-2437 NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0959-8049 J9 EUR J CANCER JI Eur. J. Cancer PY 1994 VL 30A IS 6 BP 808 EP 812 DI 10.1016/0959-8049(94)90297-6 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA NW063 UT WOS:A1994NW06300017 PM 7917542 ER PT J AU BADAWI, AF COOPER, DP MOSTAFA, MH ABOULAZM, T BARNARD, R MARGISON, GP OCONNOR, PJ AF BADAWI, AF COOPER, DP MOSTAFA, MH ABOULAZM, T BARNARD, R MARGISON, GP OCONNOR, PJ TI O-6-ALKYLGUANINE-DNA ALKYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN SCHISTOSOMIASIS-ASSOCIATED HUMAN BLADDER-CANCER SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article ID PROMUTAGENIC METHYLATION DAMAGE; UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; CELL-SPECIFIC METHYLATION; DNA; REPAIR; N-METHYL-N'-NITRO-N-NITROSOGUANIDINE; AGENTS; METHYLTRANSFERASE; O-6-METHYLGUANINE; EXTRACTS AB O-6-Alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase (ATase) activity was measured in extracts of 55 bladder tissue samples (46 tumour and nine uninvolved mucosal tissue) from Egyptian patients with schistosome-associated bladder carcinoma. Activity varied from 2.0 to 16.2 fmole ATase/mu g DNA (mean +/- S.D.; 5.6 +/- 4.0) or from 28 to 351 fmole ATase/mg protein (117 +/- 71). ATase levels in schistosome-associated bladder cancer tissues (5.6 +/- 4.0 fmole ATase/mu g DNA) tended to be lower than those observed in normal human bladder mucosal tissue (8.5 +/- 4.4 fmole ATase/mu g DNA). In a previous study (Badawi et al., Carcinogenesis, 1992, 13, 877-881) DNA-alkylation damage (O-6-methyldeoxyguanosine) was found in 44/46 of these schistomosome-associated bladder cancer samples at levels ranging from 0.012 to 0.485 mu mole O-6-MedG/mole deoxyguanosine. We now report an inverse correlation between the levels of methylation damage and ATase activity (r = - 0.67; P < 0.001). These observations encourage further investigations of the possible role of environmental alkylating agents in the aetiology of early bladder cancer associated with schistosomiasis. C1 CHRISTIE HOSP NATL HLTH SERV TRUST,PATERSON INST CANC RES,DEPT CARCINOGENESIS,CANC RES CAMPAIGN,MANCHESTER M20 9BX,LANCS,ENGLAND. INST GRAD STUDIES RES,ALEXANDRIA,EGYPT. UNIV ALEXANDRIA,FAC MED,ALEXANDRIA,EGYPT. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR. WITHINGTON HOSP,DEPT UROL,MANCHESTER M20 8LR,LANCS,ENGLAND. NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0959-8049 J9 EUR J CANCER JI Eur. J. Cancer PY 1994 VL 30A IS 9 BP 1314 EP 1319 DI 10.1016/0959-8049(94)90180-5 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA PM859 UT WOS:A1994PM85900023 PM 7999420 ER PT J AU KLINMAN, DM SHIRAI, A CONOVER, J STEINBERG, AD AF KLINMAN, DM SHIRAI, A CONOVER, J STEINBERG, AD TI CROSS-REACTIVITY OF IGG ANTI-DNA-SECRETING B-CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ANTI-DNA; AUTOANTIBODY; CROSS-REACTIVE; IGG; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS ID AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; AUTOANTIBODIES; ANTIBODIES; MICE; ACTIVATION; EXPANSION; SERUM; VIRUS; SLE AB This study is the first to analyze the cross-reactivity of in vivo activated B cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. A chamber ELIspot assay was used to determine whether lymphocytes secreting antibodies that bound to DNA or 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP)-keyhole limpet-hemocyanin (KLH) could simultaneously bind to the unrelated antigens actin or ovalbumin. IgM anti-DNA-, IgM anti-TNP-KLH- and IgG anti-TNP-KLH-secreting B cells from patients and controls showed similar levels of cross-reactivity (ranging from 6% to 23%, depending upon the antibody isotype and antigen pair examined). In general, IgG-producing cells were less cross-reactive than IgM producers from the same individual (on the average threefold, p <0.001). In contrast, IgG anti-DNA-secreting B cells from lupus patients (i) showed no decrease in cross-reactivity when compared to IgM anti-DNA-secreting cells and (ii) were significantly more cross-reactive than control IgG anti-DNA-secreting cells and IgG anti-TNP-KLH secreting cells from patients (p < 0.001). The degree of IgG anti-DNA cross-reactivity correlated with disease activity (r = 0.52, p < 0.02). The implications of these findings with respect to repertoire expression and disease pathogenesis are discussed. C1 MITRE CORP,MCLEAN,VA. RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,BLDG 29A,RM 3,D 10,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0014-2980 J9 EUR J IMMUNOL JI Eur. J. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 24 IS 1 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1002/eji.1830240109 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MT838 UT WOS:A1994MT83800008 PM 8020571 ER PT S AU THOMAS, DP GODAR, DE AF THOMAS, DP GODAR, DE BE Bailey, GW GarrattReed, AJ TI ULTRAVIOLET-A1 RADIATION INDUCED IMMEDIATE APOPTOSIS IN A HUMAN LEUKEMIA T-CELL LINE (JURKAT) SO FIFTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING - MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA/TWENTY-NINTH ANNUAL MEETING - MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, PROCEEDINGS SE PROCEEDINGS - ANNUAL MEETING OF THE MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Meeting of the Microscopy-Society-of-America/29th Annual Meeting of the Microbeam-Analysis-Society CY JUL 31-AUG 05, 1994 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP MICROSCOPY SOC AMER, MICROBEAM ANAL SOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAN FRANCISCO PRESS INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA BOX 426800, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94142-6800 SN 0424-8201 J9 PROC ANN MEET MSA PY 1994 BP 206 EP 207 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA BC03U UT WOS:A1994BC03U00103 ER PT J AU MAZIK, PM PLAKAS, SM STEHLY, GR AF MAZIK, PM PLAKAS, SM STEHLY, GR TI EFFECTS OF DORSAL AORTA CANNULATION ON THE STRESS-RESPONSE OF CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS) SO FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CHANNEL CATFISH; CANNULATION; STRESS; OSMOREGULATION; CORTISOL; GLUCOSE; CHLORIDE ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; RAINBOW-TROUT; HANDLING STRESS; CORTISOL; ETOMIDATE; GLUCOSE AB The stress response to dorsal aorta cannulation and serial blood sampling was examined in the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Channel catfish cannulated and repetitively sampled once a day for 7 days did not exhibit a change in response to surgery or to the 24h sample regime as measured by plasma cortisol, glucose, and chloride. In fish that were either serially bled (0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48h) immediately after surgery or allowed to recover 6 days before being serially bled, overall plasma cortisol levels were higher than those of fish bled every 24h. Catfish serially bled immediately after surgery had significantly higher plasma glucose levels compared with catfish allowed to recover from surgery 6 days before serial sampling. Although channel catfish recover from cannulation surgery in 24h, a longer recovery period may be needed prior to serial sampling if the samples are taken more frequently than every 24h. C1 US FDA,GULF COAST SEAFOOD LAB,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. RP MAZIK, PM (reprint author), US FISH & WILDLIFE SERV,SE FISH CULTURAL LAB,ROUTE 3,BOX 86,MARION,AL 36756, USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU KUGLER PUBLICATIONS BV PI LELYSTAD PA PLATINASTRAAT 33, 8211 AR LELYSTAD, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1742 J9 FISH PHYSIOL BIOCHEM JI Fish Physiol. Biochem. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 12 IS 5 BP 439 EP 444 DI 10.1007/BF00004308 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology GA MV563 UT WOS:A1994MV56300009 PM 24202974 ER PT J AU BERG, TF BREEN, PJ FEUERS, RJ ORIAKU, ET CHEN, FX HART, RW AF BERG, TF BREEN, PJ FEUERS, RJ ORIAKU, ET CHEN, FX HART, RW TI ACUTE TOXICITY OF GANCICLOVIR - EFFECT OF DIETARY RESTRICTION AND CHRONOBIOLOGY SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC CALORIC RESTRICTION; DRUG-METABOLIZING ENZYMES; MALE FISCHER-344 RAT; CANCER-CHEMOTHERAPY; DNA-REPAIR; LIFE-SPAN; FLOXURIDINE; INFUSION; AGE AB The effect of diet, age and time of dose delivery on the mortality of female B6C3F(1) mice from ganciclovir sodium (DHPG) was determined for both single (SD; 400 mg DHPG/kg, ip) and multiple doses (MD; same dose ip for 10 additional days) of the drug. Young (7-10 months) and middle-aged (MA; 19-22 months) mice (B6C3F(1)), both fed ad lib. (AL) and calorie restricted (CR), were dosed at 0, 6, 12 and 18 hr after lights on (HALO; SD study) and at 12.00 hr (MD study). The SD study mortality rate was 38% (AL) and 1.7% (CR) (P < 0.00001). Mortality was 53% (AL, young; P < 0.00001), over 20% (AL, MA), over 1.8% (CR, MA; P = 0.00004) or more than 1.7% (CR, young; P = 0.00002). Effects were independent of lean body mass differences between AL and CR mice. In the SD study, comparing AL mice only, the greatest mortality was seen in young mice at 6 HALO, (73%; P = 0.0034) and lowest mortality in MA mice at 12 HALO (8%; P = 0.026), whereas in the MD study mortality was 63% AL and 33% CR (P = 0.015). By age, MD mortality was 80% (AL, young; P = 0.0035), 50% (CR, MA), 47% (AL, MA), and 15% (CR, young; P = 0.0013). CR protected both young and MA mice in SD and young mice in MD. Lowest mortality for AL was at 12 HALO. It is suggested that dosing at 12 HALO may protect by decreasing DHPG uptake during a period of minimal DNA synthesis in the affected organ(s). CR and timing of DHPG dose may obviate the necessity to discontinue DHPG because of toxicity in humans. The most significant finding of this study is the impact of diet on mortality. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP BERG, TF (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS,4031 W MARKHAM,SLOT 522,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72295, USA. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 32 IS 1 BP 45 EP 50 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(84)90035-8 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA NA163 UT WOS:A1994NA16300007 PM 8132163 ER PT J AU WHITE, PB AF WHITE, PB TI INTERNATIONAL MEMORANDA OF UNDERSTANDING ON INSPECTIONS SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF STAND & REGULAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 1 BP 171 EP 174 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA PH108 UT WOS:A1994PH10800009 ER PT J AU BURLINGTON, DB AF BURLINGTON, DB TI AN OVERVIEW FROM THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR DEVICES AND RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP BURLINGTON, DB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 1 BP 175 EP 181 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA PH108 UT WOS:A1994PH10800010 ER PT J AU DYKSTRA, GJ AF DYKSTRA, GJ TI ELECTRONIC PROCESSING OF IMPORT ENTRIES SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Seminar of the Food-and-Drug-Law-Institute on Import and Export of FDA-Regulated Products CY MAY 18, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP DYKSTRA, GJ (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 SN 0015-6361 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 2 BP 425 EP 431 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA PP637 UT WOS:A1994PP63700011 ER PT J AU BAUMGARTNER, KC AF BAUMGARTNER, KC TI GETTING A GRIP ON MATERIAL TIME AND EXTENT SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Educational Conference of the Food-and-Drug-Law-Institute CY DEC 13-15, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP BAUMGARTNER, KC (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 433 EP 440 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA PY699 UT WOS:A1994PY69900001 ER PT J AU COOPER, JM AF COOPER, JM TI ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH REVISION OF INAD AND NADA PROCEDURAL REGULATIONS SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Educational Conference of the Food-and-Drug-Law-Institute CY DEC 13-15, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP COOPER, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,OFF NEW ANIM DRUG EVALUAT,DIV THERAPEUT DRUGS FOOD ANIM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 441 EP 447 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA PY699 UT WOS:A1994PY69900002 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, ED AF JACOBSON, ED TI KEYNOTE ADDRESS FROM THE OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF CDRH SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th Annual Educational Conference of the Food-and-Drug-Law-Institute CY DEC 13-15, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP FOOD & DRUG LAW INST RP JACOBSON, ED (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 3 BP 463 EP 468 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA PY699 UT WOS:A1994PY69900004 ER PT J AU SHROFF, AP AF SHROFF, AP TI FDA ENFORCEMENT INITIATIVES IN THE UNITED-STATES AND ABROAD SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP SHROFF, AP (reprint author), US FDA,OFF ENFORCEMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 4 BP 575 EP 580 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA QG546 UT WOS:A1994QG54600004 ER PT J AU HAFFNER, ME AF HAFFNER, ME TI ORPHAN PRODUCTS - 10 YEARS LATER AND THEN SOME SO FOOD AND DRUG LAW JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP HAFFNER, ME (reprint author), US FDA,OFF COMMISSIONER,OFF ORPHAN PROD DEV,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOOD DRUG LAW INST PI WASHINGTON PA 1000 VERMONT AVE NW, SUITE 1200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4903 J9 FOOD DRUG LAW J JI Food Drug Law J. PY 1994 VL 49 IS 4 BP 593 EP 601 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Food Science & Technology; Government & Law; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA QG546 UT WOS:A1994QG54600007 ER PT S AU BETZ, JM FOX, WD AF BETZ, JM FOX, WD BE Huang, MT Osawa, T Ho, CT Rosen, RT TI HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSINOLATES IN BRASSICA VEGETABLES SO FOOD PHYTOCHEMICALS FOR CANCER PREVENTION I: FRUITS AND VEGETABLES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Food Phytochemicals for Cancer Prevention I: Fruits and Vegetables, at the 204th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM ID GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE; CHEMICAL FLAVOR COMPOSITION; NATURALLY OCCURRING INDOLES; SINAPIS-ALBA L; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CRUCIFEROUS VEGETABLES; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BENZYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; BRUSSELS-SPROUTS; DIFFERENTIAL INDUCTION AB Glucosinolates are naturally occurring constituents of Brassica vegetables. The term refers to a class of more than 100 sulfur-containing glycosides that yield thiocyanate, nitrile, or isothiocyanate derivatives upon enzymatic hydrolysis. These compounds are important because of their potential toxicity and because epidemiologic and other evidence indicates that some of them may inhibit some carcinogenic processes when consumed as part of the normal diet. Accordingly, quantitation of these compounds in processed and unprocessed foods has become important. Existing analytical methods are time consuming and labor intensive. Solid phase extraction (SPE) of broccoli extracts, followed by reverse phase ion pair high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of intact, nonderivatized glucosinolates, provides a rapid and simple method for evaluation of glucosinolate loss during food processing. RP BETZ, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 180 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-2768-3 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1994 VL 546 BP 181 EP 196 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Research & Experimental Medicine; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BA14P UT WOS:A1994BA14P00014 ER PT J AU MADDEN, JM AF MADDEN, JM TI THE ENTERICS AS FOODBORNE PATHOGENS SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; SALMONELLA-TYPHI; EMERGING PATHOGENS; CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRULENCE ID UNITED-STATES; DIARRHEAL DISEASE; OUTBREAK; CHOLERA; DEATHS AB The pathogenicity of enteric bacteria such as Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella typhi is undisputed and has been widely recognized by microbiologists and the public in general for many years. However, very little is known about the mechanisms that attribute the characteristics of virulence to these microbes, except perhaps for cholera toxin, which is required for V. cholerae to produce Asiatic (Epidemic) cholera. Cholera and typhoid fever basically have been controlled in Europe and North America by proper water and sewage treatment, leaving a niche to be filled by other bacteria. These microbes, the so-called 'emerging pathogens', which include members of the genera Vibrio, Salmonella, and other enteric bacteria, account for the vast majority of gastroenteritis cases reported in Europe and North America. Their emergence as pathogens may be due to their mutation, which enables them to co-exist with certain animals (S. enteritidis may fall into this category), or to the transfer of plasmids bearing virulence determinants between various enteric genera. RP MADDEN, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PY 1994 VL 27 IS 3 BP 227 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0963-9969(94)90088-4 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA NF919 UT WOS:A1994NF91900003 ER PT J AU REDDY, NR PIERSON, MD AF REDDY, NR PIERSON, MD TI REDUCTION IN ANTINUTRITIONAL AND TOXIC COMPONENTS IN PLANT FOODS (A) BY FERMENTATION SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE FERMENTATION; PLANT FOODS; ANTINUTRIENTS; TOXICANTS ID PHYTIC ACID; TRYPSIN-INHIBITORS; ETHYL CARBAMATE; SAPONIN CONTENT; BREADMAKING; TEMPEH; HYDROLYSIS; BEVERAGES; PRODUCTS; TANNINS AB Cereals, legumes, and tubers that are used for the production of fermented foods may contain significant amounts of antinutritional or toxic components such as phytates, tannins, cyanogenic glycosides, oxalates, saponins, lectins, and inhibitors of enzymes such as alpha-amylase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. These substances reduce the nutritional value of foods by interfering with the mineral bioavailability and digestibility of proteins and carbohydrates. In natural or pure mixed-culture fermentations of plant foods by yeasts, molds, and bacteria, antinutritional components (e.g. phytate in whole wheat breads) can be reduced by up to 50%; toxic components, such as lectins in tempe and other fermented foods made from beans, can be reduced up to 95%. These reductions in anti-nutritional and toxic components in plant foods during fermentation are discussed. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP REDDY, NR (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,DIV FOOD PROC & PACKAGING,6502 S ARCHER AVE,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA. NR 47 TC 110 Z9 116 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PY 1994 VL 27 IS 3 BP 281 EP 290 DI 10.1016/0963-9969(94)90096-5 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA NF919 UT WOS:A1994NF91900010 ER PT J AU ALAYASH, AI AF ALAYASH, AI TI HEMOGLOBIN-BASED BLOOD SUBSTITUTES - POTENTIAL FREE-RADICAL TOXICITY SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP ALAYASH, AI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 16 IS 1 BP 137 EP 138 DI 10.1016/0891-5849(94)90253-4 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA MM363 UT WOS:A1994MM36300039 PM 8299990 ER PT S AU CHIU, YYH AF CHIU, YYH BE Brown, F Lubiniecki, AS TI GENETIC STABILITY OF RDNA PRODUCTION SYSTEMS - A CASE REPORT SO GENETIC STABILITY AND RECOMBINANT PRODUCT CONSISTENCY SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Genetic Stability and Recombinant Product Consistency CY JUL 08-09, 1993 CL ANNECY, FRANCE SP INT ASSOC BIOL STANDARDIZAT, ARES SERONO SYMP & FDN, MARCEL MERIEUX DE PLASMID; DELETANT; INSERTION ELEMENT; TRANSPOSITION; RECOMBINATION RP CHIU, YYH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-5149 BN 3-8055-5998-4 J9 DEV BIOL STAND JI Dev.Biol.Stand. PY 1994 VL 83 BP 93 EP 97 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA BB81Z UT WOS:A1994BB81Z00012 PM 7883104 ER PT B AU HOPPE, PA AF HOPPE, PA BE Sibinga, CTS Heiniger, HJ TI STANDARDS AND EXTERNAL QUALITY AUDIT SYSTEMS SO GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE IN TRANSFUSION MEDICINE SE DEVELOPMENTS IN HEMATOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Symposium on Blood Transfusion CY 1993 CL GRONINGEN, NETHERLANDS SP RED CROSS BLOOD BANK GRONINGEN DRENTHE C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-3009-9 J9 DEV HEMATOL PY 1994 VL 29 BP 85 EP 90 PG 6 WC Hematology; Medical Laboratory Technology SC Hematology; Medical Laboratory Technology GA BB63D UT WOS:A1994BB63D00010 ER PT B AU MYERS, KJ WAGNER, RF HANSON, KM BARRETT, HH ROLLAND, JP AF MYERS, KJ WAGNER, RF HANSON, KM BARRETT, HH ROLLAND, JP BE Kundel, HL TI HUMAN AND QUASI-BAYESIAN OBSERVERS OF IMAGES LIMITED BY QUANTUM-NOISE, OBJECT VARIABILITY, AND ARTIFACTS SO IMAGE PERCEPTION SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Perception: Medical Imaging 1994 CY FEB 17-18, 1994 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MED, BIOMED OPT SOC, US FDA, CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURERS ASSOC, DIAGNOST IMAGING & THERAPY SYST DIV, SOC IMAGING SCI & TECHNOL, RADIOL INFORMAT SYST CONSORTIUM, RADIOL SOC N AMER, SOC COMP APPLICAT RADIOL C1 US FDA,CDRH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1461-1 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2166 BP 180 EP 190 DI 10.1117/12.171740 PG 11 WC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BA43K UT WOS:A1994BA43K00021 ER PT B AU WAGNER, RF BROWN, DG GUEDON, JP MYERS, KJ WEAR, KA AF WAGNER, RF BROWN, DG GUEDON, JP MYERS, KJ WEAR, KA BE Loew, MH TI ON COMBINING A FEW DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS OF FEATURES SO IMAGE PROCESSING: MEDICAL IMAGING 1994 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Processing CY FEB 15-18, 1994 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MED, BIOMED OPT SOC, FDA, CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURERS ASSOC, DIAGNOST IMAGING & THERAPY SYST DIV, SOC IMAGING SCI & TECHNOL, RADIOL INFORMAT SYST CONSORTIUM, RADIOL SOC N AMER, SOC COMP APPLICAT RADIOL C1 FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1462-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2167 BP 503 EP 512 DI 10.1117/12.175084 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB27L UT WOS:A1994BB27L00045 ER PT B AU BROWN, DG ANDERSON, MP MYERS, KJ WAGNER, RF AF BROWN, DG ANDERSON, MP MYERS, KJ WAGNER, RF BE Loew, MH TI COMPARISON OF NEURAL-NETWORK, HUMAN, AND SUBOPTIMAL BAYESIAN PERFORMANCE ON A CONSTRAINED RECONSTRUCTION TASK SO IMAGE PROCESSING: MEDICAL IMAGING 1994 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Processing CY FEB 15-18, 1994 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MED, BIOMED OPT SOC, FDA, CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURERS ASSOC, DIAGNOST IMAGING & THERAPY SYST DIV, SOC IMAGING SCI & TECHNOL, RADIOL INFORMAT SYST CONSORTIUM, RADIOL SOC N AMER, SOC COMP APPLICAT RADIOL C1 FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1462-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2167 BP 614 EP 622 DI 10.1117/12.175096 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB27L UT WOS:A1994BB27L00056 ER PT B AU BROWN, DG SCHNEIDER, AC ANDERSON, MP WAGNER, RF AF BROWN, DG SCHNEIDER, AC ANDERSON, MP WAGNER, RF BE Loew, MH TI EFFECTS OF FINITE-SAMPLE SIZE AND CORRELATED NOISY INPUT FEATURES ON NEURAL-NETWORK PATTERN-CLASSIFICATION SO IMAGE PROCESSING: MEDICAL IMAGING 1994 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Processing CY FEB 15-18, 1994 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MED, BIOMED OPT SOC, FDA, CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH, NATL ELECT MANUFACTURERS ASSOC, DIAGNOST IMAGING & THERAPY SYST DIV, SOC IMAGING SCI & TECHNOL, RADIOL INFORMAT SYST CONSORTIUM, RADIOL SOC N AMER, SOC COMP APPLICAT RADIOL C1 FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1462-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2167 BP 642 EP 651 DI 10.1117/12.175100 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BB27L UT WOS:A1994BB27L00059 ER PT S AU KLINMAN, DM SHIRAI, A ISHIGATSUBO, Y AF KLINMAN, DM SHIRAI, A ISHIGATSUBO, Y BE Atassi, MZ TI POLYCLONAL, B-CELL ACTIVATION AND B-CELL CROSS-REACTIVITY DURING AUTOANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS SO IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES VII: UNWANTED IMMUNE RESPONSES SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on the Immunobiology of Proteins and Peptides CY OCT 01-06, 1992 CL EDMONTON, CANADA SP APPLIED BIOSYST, CONNAUGHT LABS, SCHERING PLOUGH RES, UPJOHN, IMMULOGIC RP KLINMAN, DM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0065-2598 BN 0-306-44665-0 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 1994 VL 347 BP 115 EP 123 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA BA74G UT WOS:A1994BA74G00013 PM 7976727 ER PT J AU WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A AF WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A TI THE INTERACTIONS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE COMPOUNDS IN TANDEM STIMULATED PERIPHERAL HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES SO IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCOPHENOLIC-ACID; CYCLOSPORINE-A; ALLOGRAFT-REJECTION; MACROLIDES FK-506; T-CELLS; INVITRO; RAPAMYCIN; SURAMIN; PROLIFERATION; RAT AB We have developed an in vitro system to model the interactions of drugs used to treat transplant rejection. This system consists of stimulation of human lymphocytes with a primary mitogen (anti-T-cell receptor complex antibodies (OKT3 or wt31)) and treatment with a primary immunosuppressive drug (ISD) (Cyclosporine A (CsA) or FK-506)). This is later followed by stimulation with a secondary mitogen (Interleukin-2 or anti-CD28), and treatment with a second ISD. This system allows a variety of concentrations and compounds to be rapidly tested. We have used this system to study the effect of various compounds when used as either primary or secondary ISDs. Our results show that when CsA is used as the primary ISD, further proliferation can be inhibited by rapamycin, mycophenolic acid, or suramin. When FK-506 is the primary ISD, inhibition of proliferation by rapamycin is variable depending on the primary and secondary mitogens. If rapamycin is the primary ISD, both CsA and FK-506 show antagonistic interactions. These results suggest that the order in which combinations of ISDs are administered in transplantation may have significant effects on the clinical outcome. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV RES & TESTING,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0892-3973 J9 IMMUNOPHARM IMMUNOT JI Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. PY 1994 VL 16 IS 2 BP 179 EP 190 DI 10.3109/08923979409007089 PG 12 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA NN361 UT WOS:A1994NN36100005 PM 7521360 ER PT J AU LUMPKIN, MM AF LUMPKIN, MM TI CLINICAL-TRIALS FROM A REGULATORS PERSPECTIVE SO INFECTION LA English DT Discussion RP LUMPKIN, MM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIINFECT DRUG PROD,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROOM 12 B-45,HFD-520,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MMW MEDIZIN VERLAG GMBH PI MUNICH 80 PA NEUMARKTER STRASSE 18, W-8000 MUNICH 80, GERMANY SN 0300-8126 J9 INFECTION JI Infection PY 1994 VL 22 SU 1 BP S61 EP S61 DI 10.1007/BF01716051 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA NH920 UT WOS:A1994NH92000029 PM 8050801 ER PT J AU OLIVERO, OA BELAND, FA POIRIER, MC AF OLIVERO, OA BELAND, FA POIRIER, MC TI IMMUNOFLUORESCENT LOCALIZATION AND QUANTITATION OF 3'-AZIDO-2',3'-DIDEOXYTHYMIDINE (AZT) INCORPORATED INTO CHROMOSOMAL DNA OF HUMAN, HAMSTER AND MOUSE-CELL LINES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 3'-AZIDO-2',3'-DIDEOXYTHYMIDINE; AZT; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; CHROMOSOMES ID VIRUS REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; AZIDOTHYMIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE; POLYMERASE-ALPHA; 3'-AZIDO-3'-DEOXYTHYMIDINE; REPLICATION; 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE; PHARMACOLOGY; ZIDOVUDINE; TELOMERASE; ANALOGS AB The incorporation of [H-3] AZT into the DNA of cultured hamster (Chinese hamster ovary, CHO) mouse (NIH 3T3) and human (HL60) cells, was studied by radiolabeling, radioimmunoassay, and localization of the drug in chromosomes by immunohistochemistry. Incorporation of AZT into DNA, in cells exposed to 0.8 mM [H-3] AZT for 24 hours, showed values of 0.82 pmol/mug DNA for HL60, 0.84 pmol/mug DNA for CHO and 4.49 pmol/mug for NIH 3T3 cells. Similar results were obtained by radioimmunoassay with an anti-AZT antibody. Indirect immunofluorescence using the same anti-AZT antiserum demonstrated the chromosomal localization of AZT and showed higher concentrations of AZT in the telomeric regions of CHO cell chromosomes. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP OLIVERO, OA (reprint author), NCI,CELLULAR CARCINOGENESIS & TUMOR PROMO LAB,BLDG 37,ROOM 3B12,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 24 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT JOURNAL ONCOLOGY PI ATHENS PA C/O PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS, EDITORIAL OFFICE, 1, S MERKOURI ST, ATHENS 116 35, GREECE SN 1019-6439 J9 INT J ONCOL JI Int. J. Oncol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 4 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MN493 UT WOS:A1994MN49300008 PM 21566888 ER PT B AU WHITE, PB AF WHITE, PB GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI Standards as building blocks for regulatory harmonization SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND REGULATORY HARMONIZATION - CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual AAMI International Standards Conference on Medical Devices - International Standards and Regulatory Harmonization CY 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Assoc Adv Med Instrumentat C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF STAND & REGULAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 1-57020-021-1 PY 1994 BP 15 EP 18 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration GA BD86Q UT WOS:A1994BD86Q00002 ER PT B AU ALPERT, S AF ALPERT, S GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI How FDA's office of device evaluation uses standards and guidance documents SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND REGULATORY HARMONIZATION - CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual AAMI International Standards Conference on Medical Devices - International Standards and Regulatory Harmonization CY 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Assoc Adv Med Instrumentat C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 1-57020-021-1 PY 1994 BP 34 EP 40 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration GA BD86Q UT WOS:A1994BD86Q00005 ER PT B AU HOOTEN, WF AF HOOTEN, WF GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI How FDA's proposed new GMP regulations relate to ISO 9000 SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND REGULATORY HARMONIZATION - CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual AAMI International Standards Conference on Medical Devices - International Standards and Regulatory Harmonization CY 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Assoc Adv Med Instrumentat C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV ENFORCEMENT 3,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 1-57020-021-1 PY 1994 BP 73 EP 82 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration GA BD86Q UT WOS:A1994BD86Q00010 ER PT B AU CALLAHAN, T PHILLIPS, P MUELLER, E STAGG, A STRATMEYER, M AF CALLAHAN, T PHILLIPS, P MUELLER, E STAGG, A STRATMEYER, M GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI Biomaterials and biocompatibility testing SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND REGULATORY HARMONIZATION - CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual AAMI International Standards Conference on Medical Devices - International Standards and Regulatory Harmonization CY 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Assoc Adv Med Instrumentat C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV CARDIOVASC RESP & NEUROL DEVICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 1-57020-021-1 PY 1994 BP 170 EP 195 PG 26 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration GA BD86Q UT WOS:A1994BD86Q00016 ER PT B AU CHAMBERLAIN, V SCHULTZ, J AF CHAMBERLAIN, V SCHULTZ, J GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI Sterilization, including sterile packaging and EO residuals SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND REGULATORY HARMONIZATION - CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual AAMI International Standards Conference on Medical Devices - International Standards and Regulatory Harmonization CY 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Assoc Adv Med Instrumentat C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF COMPLIANCE & SURVEILLANCE,DIV ENFORCEMENT 2,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 1-57020-021-1 PY 1994 BP 196 EP 210 PG 15 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration GA BD86Q UT WOS:A1994BD86Q00017 ER PT B AU ALTMAN, M BERGEN, JV KIMMELMAN, E AF ALTMAN, M BERGEN, JV KIMMELMAN, E GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI In vitro diagnostics SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND REGULATORY HARMONIZATION - CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual AAMI International Standards Conference on Medical Devices - International Standards and Regulatory Harmonization CY 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Assoc Adv Med Instrumentat C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF STAND & REGULAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 1-57020-021-1 PY 1994 BP 211 EP 228 PG 18 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration GA BD86Q UT WOS:A1994BD86Q00018 ER PT B AU CHIACCHIERINI, R FUSON, R AF CHIACCHIERINI, R FUSON, R GP ASSOC ADV MED INSTRUMENTAT TI Clinical trials SO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AND REGULATORY HARMONIZATION - CONFERENCE REPORT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Annual AAMI International Standards Conference on Medical Devices - International Standards and Regulatory Harmonization CY 1994 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Assoc Adv Med Instrumentat C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SURVEILLANCE & BIOMETR,DIV BIOMETR SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION PI ARLINGTON PA 3330 WASHINGTON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201-4598 BN 1-57020-021-1 PY 1994 BP 229 EP 244 PG 16 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Public Administration GA BD86Q UT WOS:A1994BD86Q00019 ER PT J AU LOESSNER, MJ ESTELA, LA ZINK, R SCHERER, S AF LOESSNER, MJ ESTELA, LA ZINK, R SCHERER, S TI TAXONOMICAL CLASSIFICATION OF 20 NEWLY ISOLATED LISTERIA BACTERIOPHAGES BY ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY AND PROTEIN-ANALYSIS SO INTERVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE BACTERIOPHAGES; LISTERIA; TAXONOMY; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; ISOELECTRIC FOCUSING ID PHAGE-TYPING SYSTEM; MONOCYTOGENES; MORPHOLOGY; INNOCUA; GELS; DNA AB A set of 20 newly isolated temperate bacteriophages for phage typing of the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes has been investigated by means of electron microscopy and electrophoretic analysis of phage structural proteins. All phages had isometric capsids (60-64 nm diameter), and long contractile or non-contractile tails of 170-320 nm length. They could be classified into 2 morphotypes (A1 and B1) and were assigned to 3 listeriaphage species (4211, 2671, and 2389). Individual protein profiles were generated by SDS-PAGE of viral polypeptides, as well as isoelectric focusing of solubilized phage proteins in immobilized pH gradient gels. The major structural proteins ranged in size from approximately 15 to 38 kD, and showed isoelectric points from pi 4.3 to 6.2. Protein compositions permitted the differentiation of individual phages as well as the recognition and grouping of similar viruses. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,DENVER,CO 80262. US FDA,DENVER DIST LAB,DENVER,CO. RP LOESSNER, MJ (reprint author), TECH UNIV MUNICH,FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM MILCH & LEBENSMITTEL WEIHENSTEP,INST MIKROBIOL,D-85350 FREISING,GERMANY. RI Scherer, Siegfried/I-1320-2013; Loessner, Martin/B-4316-2012 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0300-5526 J9 INTERVIROLOGY JI Intervirology PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 37 IS 1 BP 31 EP 35 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA NV589 UT WOS:A1994NV58900006 PM 7928287 ER PT J AU KIJAK, PJ AF KIJAK, PJ TI CONFIRMATION OF CHLORAMPHENICOL RESIDUES IN BOVINE-MILK BY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID TISSUES; MEAT AB A gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method was developed to confirm the presence of chloramphenicol (CAP) at 0.5 ng/mL in bovine milk meta-Nitrochloramphenicol (20 ng) is added to 10 mL milk as a surrogate standard. The milk is mixed with ethyl acetate and then loaded onto a diatomaceous earth-filled, solid-phase extraction (SPE) column; CAP is eluted with additional ethyl acetate. A solution of 4% NaCl in water is added to the eluant, and ethyl acetate is removed by evaporation under a flow of N-2. The sample is defatted with hexane and then loaded onto a C-18-SPE column. The column is washed with water, and CAP is eluted with methanol. The methanol is evaporated under a flow of Na, and the trimethylsilyl derivative is prepared with Sylon HTP (hexamethyldisilazane-trimethylchlorosilane-pyridine, 3 + 1 + 9). The excess reagent is evaporated under N-2, and the residue is taken up in cyclohexane-hexane (60 + 40). CAP is separated on a 30 m x 0.25 mm id methytsilicone column having a film thickness of 0.25 mu m and analyzed by methane negative chemical ionization with selected ion monitoring. The ions with m/z 304, 322, 358, 360, 466, and 468 are monitored. Confirmation is based on the presence of 5 ions with relative ion abundances within 10% of that obtained by using standards. RP KIJAK, PJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR VET MED,BARC E,BLDG 328-A,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 17 TC 30 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 34 EP 40 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100006 ER PT J AU DANIELSON, JW PEELER, JT OXBORROW, GS AF DANIELSON, JW PEELER, JT OXBORROW, GS TI SPORICIDAL ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL GERMICIDES ON BACILLUS-SUBTILIS SPORES UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Sporicidal tests were conducted on chemical germicides used for reprocessing hemodialyzers. The germicides that were tested for sporicidal activity contain some of the same active ingredients as many other commercial germicides, although instructions for dilution and exposure time may vary according to intended use. Cidex-Dialyzer(TM) (glutaraldehyde), formaldehyde, Renalin(TM) (peracetic acid), and RenNew-D(TM) (chlorine dioxide) were each tested under the following conditions: at 50, 100, and 150% of the recommended concentration in soft water at 22 degrees C; and at 1x the recommended concentration in soft water at 26.7 degrees C, in hard water at 22 degrees C, and in hard water containing 5% bovine serum at 22 degrees C. Sporicidin-HD(TM) (glutaraldehyde-phenol) was tested only at the recommended concentration in soft water at 22 degrees C. The time required for a 2-log reduction in the initial concentration of spores ranged from 1.8 min for Renalin at 150% of the recommended concentration to 26.4 h for formaldehyde in hard water containing 5% bovine serum. Cidex-Dialyzer at 50% of the recommended concentration and Sporicidin-HD at the recommended concentration were ineffective against Bacillus subtilis var. niger spores. The sporicidal activities of RenNew-D and formaldehyde were greatly reduced when bovine serum was added to hard water. Renalin had the highest sporicidal activity and was the least affected by each of the conditions tested. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. THREE M CO CTR,ST PAUL,MN 55144. RP DANIELSON, JW (reprint author), US FDA,STERIL ANAL RES CTR,240 HENNEPIN AVE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 53 EP 57 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100009 ER PT J AU PARFITT, CH AF PARFITT, CH TI WIDE-BORE CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE-RESIDUES IN FOODS - INTERLABORATORY TRIAL SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PACKED-COLUMNS AB Wide-Bore capillary columns are often used as alternatives to traditionally packed columns for gas chromatographic (GC) determination of pesticide residues in foods. Fused silica columns with crosslinked, bonded stationary phases are reproducible, rugged, and easy to use and are substantially more inert than their packed column equivalents. An interlaboratory trial was conducted in 5 U.S. Food and Drug Administration laboratories to determine the practicability of using isothermal wide-bore capillary GC as an alternative to the packed column GC systems used in AOAC Official Methods for determining pesticide residues in foods. Two wide-bore capillary columns with frame photometric detection were evaluated with respect to the following: linearity of detector response; repeatability of response for equal and unequal injection volumes of standard solutions; accuracy of quantitating pesticides in food extracts when the injection volumes or analyte concentrations of the standard solution and the food extract are different; recoveries of 23 pesticides from 5 fortified food extracts, calculated from both duplicate and single injections; and relative retention times. Before shipment, food extracts supplied to participants were fortified with pesticides after preparation and extraction of the foods by Official Method 985.22. The performance of wide-bore capillary columns with cross-linked bonded methyl silicone and methyl phenyl silicone stationary phases was equal or superior to that of the packed columns specified in the Official Method. RP PARFITT, CH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 92 EP 101 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100016 ER PT J AU SCHENCK, FJ WAGNER, R HENNESSY, MK OKRASINSKI, JL AF SCHENCK, FJ WAGNER, R HENNESSY, MK OKRASINSKI, JL TI SCREENING OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL RESIDUES IN NONFATTY SEAFOOD PRODUCTS BY TANDEM SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION CLEANUP SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SEDIMENT; FISH AB A rapid multiresidue solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique for the isolation and subsequent gas chromatographic (GC) determination of organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) residues in nonfatty fish, crabmeat, shrimp, and scallops is described. Samples are extracted with acetonitrile, and the extract is subjected to a cleanup using both C-18 and Florisil SPE columns. The residues are determined by GC with electron capture detection. Because the injected extracts are free from matrix interferences, the amount of residue present is easily calculated. The average recoveries of 9 spiked (0.01-0.40 ppm) organochlorine pesticide residues from 6 different seafood products ranged from 93.8 to 98.4%. The average recoveries of spiked (0.50 ppm) PCB mixtures from 4 different seafood products ranged from 88.5 to 107.2%. This SPE method and the AOAC multiresidue method for organochlorine residues in fish produced comparable results for nonfatty seafood samples containing incurred organochlorine pesticide and PCB residues. The SPE method reduces organic solvent consumption by 95% and hazardous waste by 85% compared with the AOAC method. We were able to carry 10 seafood samples through the extraction and cleanup in less than 2 h by using the SPE method. RP SCHENCK, FJ (reprint author), US FDA,900 MADISON AVE,BALTIMORE,MD 21201, USA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 102 EP 106 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100017 ER PT J AU KIRCHHOEFER, RD AF KIRCHHOEFER, RD TI GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC MASS-SPECTROMETRIC IDENTIFICATION OF A PYRIDINEDICARBOXYLIC ACID IMPURITY IN NIACIN AS THE TRIMETHYLSILYL ESTER SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A pyridinedicarboxylic acid impurity in bulk niacin was identified by derivatization and comparison with reference materials by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The niacin bulk material was dissolved in pyridine and derivatized with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) reagent. The resulting trimethylsilyl (TMS) esters of niacin and its associated impurities were chromatographed on a cross-linked methyl silicone capillary column with temperature programming. Derivatization and injection of the 6 pyridinedicarboxylic acid geometric isomers showed that 3 of the dicarboxylic acids, 2,3- (also known as quinolinic acid), 2,5-, and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, all rearrange to give a component with a mass spectrum identical to that of the impurity. The other 3 isomers, 2,4-, 3,4-, and 3,5-pyridinecarboxylic acid, do not rearrange, and therefore, cannot be the impurity detected in the niacin bulk material. The amount of pyridinedicarboxylic acid impurity in the bulk niacin is less than 0.02%. RP KIRCHHOEFER, RD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 117 EP 120 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100019 ER PT J AU ALEXANDER, TG AF ALEXANDER, TG TI DRUGS-V SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP ALEXANDER, TG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,HFD-473,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 128 EP 129 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100027 ER PT J AU NG, LL AF NG, LL TI DRUGS-IV SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP NG, LL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 128 EP 128 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100026 ER PT J AU CICHOWICZ, SM AF CICHOWICZ, SM TI FORENSIC SCIENCES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP CICHOWICZ, SM (reprint author), US FDA,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 129 EP 129 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100028 ER PT J AU FAZIO, T AF FAZIO, T TI FOOD-ADDITIVES SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP FAZIO, T (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 131 EP 134 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100031 ER PT J AU TRUCKSESS, MW AF TRUCKSESS, MW TI MYCOTOXINS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; FLOUR REFERENCE MATERIALS; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; ION-TRAP DETECTION; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OCHRATOXIN-A; AFLATOXIN-B1 DETERMINATION RP TRUCKSESS, MW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NAT PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 113 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 135 EP 142 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100033 ER PT J AU BETZ, JM AF BETZ, JM TI PLANT TOXINS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POTATO GLYCOALKALOIDS; ALPHA-CHACONINE; HUMAN URINE; ISOFLAVONES; GENISTEIN; PRODUCTS; CELLS RP BETZ, JM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NAT PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 142 EP 145 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100034 ER PT J AU HUNGERFORD, JM AF HUNGERFORD, JM TI SEAFOOD TOXINS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIATOM PSEUDONITZSCHIA-AUSTRALIS; PARALYTIC SHELLFISH POISONS; FLOW-INJECTION ANALYSIS; DOMOIC ACID; OKADAIC ACID; MARINE TOXINS; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; CELL-GROWTH; ASSAY RP HUNGERFORD, JM (reprint author), US FDA,22201 23RD DR SE,POB 3012,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 145 EP 150 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100035 ER PT J AU FIRESTONE, D AF FIRESTONE, D TI FATS AND OILS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; EDIBLE OILS; FOREIGN FAT; OLIVE OIL; MILK-FAT; QUALITY; ACIDS; MARGARINES; PRODUCTS; ISOMERS RP FIRESTONE, D (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PESTICIDES & IND CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 151 EP 154 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100037 ER PT J AU PROSKY, L AF PROSKY, L TI DIETARY FIBER SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP PROSKY, L (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PROGRAMS & ENFORCEMENT POLICY,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 151 EP 151 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100036 ER PT J AU BUENO, MP AF BUENO, MP TI INFANT FORMULA AND MEDICAL DIETS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BUENO, MP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 155 EP 155 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100038 ER PT J AU DEUTSCH, MJ AF DEUTSCH, MJ TI VITAMINS AND OTHER NUTRIENTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP DEUTSCH, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,OFF FOOD LABELING,HFS-155,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 156 EP 157 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100040 ER PT J AU BOLAND, FE AF BOLAND, FE TI FRUITS AND FRUIT PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BOLAND, FE (reprint author), US FDA,DIV PROGRAM ENFORCEMENT POLICY,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 160 EP 162 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100064 ER PT J AU MULVANEY, TR AF MULVANEY, TR TI PROCESSED VEGETABLE PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP MULVANEY, TR (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF PLANT & DAIRY FOODS & BEVERAGES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 167 EP 168 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100043 ER PT J AU HUNGERFORD, JM AF HUNGERFORD, JM TI SEAFOOD PRODUCTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TETRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; LUMINESCENCE DETECTION; MUSCLE-TISSUE; FATTY-ACIDS; OXYTETRACYCLINE; FISH; HPLC; PROFILES RP HUNGERFORD, JM (reprint author), US FDA,22201 23RD DR SE,POB 3012,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 168 EP 172 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100044 ER PT J AU MCMAHON, BM AF MCMAHON, BM TI ORGANOHALOGEN PESTICIDES AND FUMIGANTS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP MCMAHON, BM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 179 EP 181 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100047 ER PT J AU BARATTA, EJ AF BARATTA, EJ TI RADIOACTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BARATTA, EJ (reprint author), US FDA,WINCHESTER ENGN & ANALYT CTR,WINCHESTER,MA 01890, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 182 EP 182 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100049 ER PT J AU CICHOWICZ, SM AF CICHOWICZ, SM TI ANALYTICAL MYCOLOGY AND MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP CICHOWICZ, SM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 183 EP 183 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100050 ER PT J AU HITCHINS, AD AF HITCHINS, AD TI COSMETIC MICROBIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP HITCHINS, AD (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,HFS-516,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 183 EP 184 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100051 ER PT J AU PLACENCIA, AM AF PLACENCIA, AM TI DRUG-RELATED AND DEVICE-RELATED MICROBIOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP PLACENCIA, AM (reprint author), US FDA,240 HENNEPIN AVE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 184 EP 186 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100052 ER PT J AU BOESE, JL AF BOESE, JL TI FILTH AND EXTRANEOUS MATERIALS IN FOODS AND DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP BOESE, JL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROANALYT EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 186 EP 186 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100053 ER PT J AU ANDREWS, WH AF ANDREWS, WH TI FOOD MICROBIOLOGY (NONDAIRY) SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ENRICHMENT MEDIUM; SALMONELLA; PRODUCTS RP ANDREWS, WH (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 77 IS 1 BP 187 EP 194 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MX271 UT WOS:A1994MX27100055 ER PT J AU BRUCK, SD SCHROEDER, LW AF BRUCK, SD SCHROEDER, LW TI UNTITLED SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Letter C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP BRUCK, SD (reprint author), STEPHEN D BRUCK ASS INC,MAT & MED DEVICES CONSULTING GRP,POB 828,ROCKVILLE,MD 20848, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 28 IS 1 BP 133 EP 134 DI 10.1002/jbm.820280117 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA MM133 UT WOS:A1994MM13300017 PM 8126024 ER PT J AU KELLOFF, GJ JOHNSON, JR CROWELL, JA BOONE, CW DEGEORGE, JJ STEELE, VE MEHTA, MU TEMECK, JW SCHMIDT, WJ BURKE, G GREENWALD, P TEMPLE, RJ AF KELLOFF, GJ JOHNSON, JR CROWELL, JA BOONE, CW DEGEORGE, JJ STEELE, VE MEHTA, MU TEMECK, JW SCHMIDT, WJ BURKE, G GREENWALD, P TEMPLE, RJ TI GUIDANCE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMOPREVENTIVE AGENTS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP KELLOFF, GJ (reprint author), NCI,DIV CANC PREVENT & CONTROL,CHEMOPREVENT BRANCH,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,SUITE 201,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PY 1994 SU 20 BP 25 EP 31 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA QQ805 UT WOS:A1994QQ80500003 ER PT J AU RICE, CM GRAKOUI, A CHAMBERS, TJ LIN, C AMBERG, SM KOLYKHALOV, AA AGAPOV, YV REED, K NESTOROWICZ, AC MCCOURT, DW WYCHOWSKI, C FEINSTONE, SM AF RICE, CM GRAKOUI, A CHAMBERS, TJ LIN, C AMBERG, SM KOLYKHALOV, AA AGAPOV, YV REED, K NESTOROWICZ, AC MCCOURT, DW WYCHOWSKI, C FEINSTONE, SM TI FLAVIVIRUS PROTEINASES SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MOLEC MICROBIOL,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. US FDA,DEPT VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PY 1994 SU 18D BP 125 EP 125 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA NE254 UT WOS:A1994NE25400364 ER PT J AU RACKE, MK MCFARLIN, DE SCOTT, DE AF RACKE, MK MCFARLIN, DE SCOTT, DE TI MODIFICATION OF CYTOKINE PRODUCTION BY T-CELLS ACTIVATED IN THE PRESENCE OF RETINOIC ACID SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,NEUROIMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PY 1994 SU 18D BP 320 EP 320 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA NE254 UT WOS:A1994NE25401044 ER PT J AU BHATIADEY, N DIRKSEN, ML ADELSTEIN, RS JAMRICH, M AF BHATIADEY, N DIRKSEN, ML ADELSTEIN, RS JAMRICH, M TI FORKHEAD DOMAIN-CONTAINING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR EXPRESSED IN PRESOMITIC MESODERM OF XENOPUS-EMBRYOS SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NHLBI,MOLEC CARDIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DEV BIOL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PY 1994 SU 18D BP 487 EP 487 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA NE254 UT WOS:A1994NE25401682 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI TART, MA BOZZO, TS AF MILLER, HI TART, MA BOZZO, TS TI MANUFACTURING NEW BIOTECH PRODUCTS - GAINS AND GROWING PAINS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note C1 US FDA,CBER,DIV ESTAB LICENSING,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,CBER,OFF COMPLIANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0268-2575 J9 J CHEM TECHNOL BIOT JI J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 59 IS 1 BP 3 EP 7 DI 10.1002/jctb.280590103 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Engineering GA MR541 UT WOS:A1994MR54100002 PM 7764495 ER PT J AU SANTOS, N RIEPENHOFFTALTY, M CLARK, HF OFFIT, P GOUVEA, V AF SANTOS, N RIEPENHOFFTALTY, M CLARK, HF OFFIT, P GOUVEA, V TI VP4 GENOTYPING OF HUMAN ROTAVIRUS IN THE UNITED-STATES SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; REACTION AMPLIFICATION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; STOOL SPECIMENS; UNIQUE VP4; 4TH GENE; INFECTIONS; IDENTIFICATION; NEUTRALIZATION; CHILDREN AB The VP4 (P) and VP7 (G) types of 171 rotavirus isolates obtained from children with diarrhea in the United States were characterized by PCR typing assays. Strains P1G1 predominated (71%); this was followed by strains P1G3 (20%) and P2G2 and P1G4 (2% each). Mixed types were identified in five (3%) specimens. Two (1%) strains bearing the P3 genotype (P3G1 and P3G2) were found in children with severe dehydrating diarrhea, although the P3 genotype has been regarded as a possible marker for virus attenuation. C1 US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT HSF 237,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CHILDRENS HOSP BUFFALO,BUFFALO,NY 14222. CHILDRENS HOSP PHILADELPHIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RI Santos, Norma/H-6986-2015 OI Santos, Norma/0000-0002-5123-9172 NR 33 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 32 IS 1 BP 205 EP 208 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA MP316 UT WOS:A1994MP31600039 PM 8126181 ER PT J AU QURESHI, MN JOSHI, B HEWLETT, I HENRARD, D QIU, Z BARR, CE AF QURESHI, MN JOSHI, B HEWLETT, I HENRARD, D QIU, Z BARR, CE TI PREVALENCE OF HIV-I PROVIRAL DNA AND VIRION-ASSOCIATED RNA IN SALIVA SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BETH ISRAEL MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10003. US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. ABBOTT LABS,CHICAGO,IL. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1994 VL 73 SI SI BP 422 EP 422 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA MT325 UT WOS:A1994MT32502558 ER PT J AU LI, BG CLARK, HF GOUVEA, V AF LI, BG CLARK, HF GOUVEA, V TI AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE SIMILARITY OF THE VP7 PROTEIN OF HUMAN ROTAVIRUS HCR3 TO THAT OF CANINE AND FELINE ROTAVIRUSES SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLAQUE-REDUCTION NEUTRALIZATION; RNA-RNA HYBRIDIZATION; G-SEROTYPE; GENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ANIMAL ROTAVIRUSES; GLYCOPROTEIN VP7; RHESUS ROTAVIRUS; GENE AB The sequence of the VP7 gene of human rotavirus strain HCR3 was determined and its predicted amino acid sequence was compared with that of other rotavirus strains. The VP7 gene is 1062 nucleotides long and contains a single open reading frame of 981 nucleotides capable of encoding a protein of 326 amino acids. The VP7 amino acid sequence similarity of strain HCR3 to those of various human and animal G3 serotypes ranged from 88.7 to 99.4%, and from 60.4 to 88.3% to strains representing each of the other 13 G serotypes. Alignment of four variable regions [VR4, VR5(A), VR7(B) and VR8(C)] of HCR3 with those of G3 strains of different host species showed that HCR3 possesses a sequence almost identical to that of canine rotaviruses and feline rotavirus strain CAT97 in all four regions. A considerable divergence in regions VR4, VR7(B) and VR8(C) was found with strains of human, mouse, monkey, horse and rabbit rotaviruses. This observation together with results of our previous study on VP4 indicated that human rotavirus HCR3 is genetically more closely related to animal rotaviruses than to other human rotaviruses. C1 CHILDRENS HOSP PHILADELPHIA,DIV INFECT DIS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP LI, BG (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT,MOLEC BIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA HARVEST HOUSE 62 LONDON ROAD, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 5AS SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 75 BP 215 EP 219 DI 10.1099/0022-1317-75-1-215 PN 1 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA MR202 UT WOS:A1994MR20200028 PM 8113730 ER PT J AU HOLCOMB, M THOMPSON, HC LIPE, G HANKINS, LJ AF HOLCOMB, M THOMPSON, HC LIPE, G HANKINS, LJ TI HPLC WITH ELECTROCHEMICAL AND FLUORESCENCE DETECTION OF THE OPA 2-METHYL-2-PROPANETHIOL DERIVATIVE OF FUMONISIN B-1 SO JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY AB The o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) derivative of fumonisin B-1 was prepared in the presence of 2-methyl-2-propanethiol (tert-butyl thiol). A hydrodynamic voltammogram for the derivative indicated that the optimum voltage for maximum electrochemical response was +0.7 V. The electrochemical response of the OPA/tert-butyl derivative was unstable. However, the fluorescence response was found to be stable for over an hour after an initial 30 minute reaction time. The minimum detectable limit (MDL) of the OPA/tert-butyl derivative using fluorescence detection was 30 ng/ml as compared to 250 ng/ml for electrochemical detection. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES SERV,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HOLCOMB, M (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,OFF RES SERV,DIV CHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0148-3919 J9 J LIQ CHROMATOGR JI J. Liq. Chromatogr. PY 1994 VL 17 IS 19 BP 4121 EP 4129 DI 10.1080/10826079408013605 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA PV102 UT WOS:A1994PV10200006 ER PT J AU LUMBARDO, DF KOENEMAN, JB LONGO, JA AF LUMBARDO, DF KOENEMAN, JB LONGO, JA TI MEASUREMENTS OF LONG-TERM PERIPROSTHETIC BONE CHANGES AROUND A UNIQUE COMPOSITE IMPLANT SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article DE BONE REMODELING; HIP PROSTHESIS; STRESS SHIELDING AB Periprosthetic bone changes around a non-bonded composite implant were measured after 6.5 years of implantation. The implanted and unimplanted femora of three canines were cut simultaneously at 3-mm increments. Cortical bone changes at all levels were determined from contact radiographs of the sections using an image analysis system. Alternating sections were cut into 3-mm cubes. The elastic properties of the cancellous bone cubes were determined using ultrasonic techniques. The method of directed secants was used to determine the cancellous bone orientation. The proximal cortical wall thickness on the implanted side increases by an average of 30%. The cancellous bone directly adjacent to the implant was an almost continuous shell encircling the prosthesis. The periprosthetic orientation was circumferential around the implant. The elastic and shear moduli of the cancellous bone increased on the implanted side. The bone changes are currently being correlated with results from finite element calculations. C1 ORTHOLOGIC,PHOENIX,AZ 85034. SCOTTSDALE SPECIALISTS,SCOTTSDALE,AZ 85251. RP LUMBARDO, DF (reprint author), US FDA,2094 GAITHER RD,HFZ341,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR40558] NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, STE 1202, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1994 VL 4 IS 4 BP 209 EP 222 PG 14 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA RT903 UT WOS:A1994RT90300004 PM 10155141 ER PT J AU BURLINGTON, DB AF BURLINGTON, DB TI SELECTED ABSTRACTS OF THE SYMPOSIUM, TOWARDS AN INTERNATIONAL IMPLANT TRACKING AND DATA SYSTEM, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA, JANUARY 29-30, 1995 SO JOURNAL OF LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF MEDICAL IMPLANTS LA English DT Article RP BURLINGTON, DB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, STE 1202, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 SN 1050-6934 J9 J LONG-TERM EFF MED JI J. Long-Term Eff. Med. Implants PY 1994 VL 4 IS 4 BP 225 EP 239 PG 15 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Orthopedics; Pathology SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine; Orthopedics; Pathology GA RT903 UT WOS:A1994RT90300005 ER PT J AU CHUMAKOV, KM DRAGUNSKY, EM NORWOOD, LP DOUTHITT, MP RAN, YX TAFFS, RE RIDGE, J LEVENBOOK, IS AF CHUMAKOV, KM DRAGUNSKY, EM NORWOOD, LP DOUTHITT, MP RAN, YX TAFFS, RE RIDGE, J LEVENBOOK, IS TI CONSISTENT SELECTION OF MUTATIONS IN THE 5'-UNTRANSLATED REGION OF ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE UPON PASSAGING IN-VITRO SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE MONKEY NEUROVIRULENCE TEST; PCR; CELL CULTURES ID 5' NONCODING REGION; HUMAN NEURO-BLASTOMA; ATTENUATING MUTATION; TYPE-2 POLIOVIRUS; TRANSLATION; RNA; STRAINS; NEUROVIRULENCE; DETERMINANTS; TEMPERATURE AB We have previously found that upon passaging type 3 oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in cell cultures the proportion of revertants at nucleotide 472 rapidly increases [Chumakov et al.: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 88:199-203 1991]. Systematic study on the accumulation of these revertants showed that it was dependent on the multiplicity of infection and the temperature at which virus was grown. Revertants at position 472 of type 3 OPV accumulated faster in vaccines derived from Sabin Original (SO) substrain than from RNA-plaque purified (RSO) substrain. The rate of accumulation of 472-C revertants differed among cell lines and was higher in overgrown cell cultures suggesting that host factors are involved in the selection of mutants. We also found that accumulation of mutants occurred in vitro at position 480 in type 1 and position 481 in type 2 OPV, making the selection for revertants in domain F of the 5'-noncoding region a general phenomenon for all three Sabin strains. Assessment of the abundance of these mutants may be used for evaluation of the quality of OPV lots. RP CHUMAKOV, KM (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,NIH CAMPUS BLDG 29,HFM-255,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 29 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 42 IS 1 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1002/jmv.1890420115 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA MN700 UT WOS:A1994MN70000014 PM 8308524 ER PT J AU ALI, SF AF ALI, SF TI LOW ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES OR PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS WHICH PRODUCE HYPOTHERMIA DECREASE METHAMPHETAMINE NEUROTOXICITY IN MICE SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NEUROCHEM LAB,JEFFERSON,AR 72070. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1994 VL 63 SU 2 BP S12 EP S12 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA PF065 UT WOS:A1994PF06500047 ER PT J AU CADET, JL SHENG, PL ALI, S ROTHMAN, R CARLSON, E EPSTEIN, C AF CADET, JL SHENG, PL ALI, S ROTHMAN, R CARLSON, E EPSTEIN, C TI ATTENUATION OF METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN COPPER/ZINC SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE TRANSGENIC MICE SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Note DE TRANSGENIC MICE; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; METHAMPHETAMINE; NEUROTOXICITY; FREE RADICALS; FRONTAL CORTEX; STRIATUM; DOPAMINE; SEROTONIN ID TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; RAT-BRAIN; DOPAMINE; 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE; TOXICITY AB Administration of methamphetamine (METH) to rats and nonhuman primates causes loss of terminals in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. The mechanism by which METH causes its neurotoxicity is not known. To evaluate further the role of oxyradicals in METH-induced neurotoxicity, we have tested its effects in CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD) transgenic (Tg) mice, which express the human CuZnSOD gene. In non-Tg mice, acute METH administration causes significant decreases in levels of dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the striata and cortices of non-Tg mice. In contrast, there were no significant decreases in cortical or striatal DA in the SOD-Tg mice. The effects of METH on DOPAC were also attenuated in both structures of these SOD-Tg mice. Chronic METH administration caused decreases in levels of striatal DA and DOPAC in the non-Tg mice, whereas the SOD-Tg mice were not affected. These results suggest that METH-induced dopaminergic toxicity in mice may be secondary to increased production of reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide radical. C1 NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,CLIN PSYCHOPHARMACOL SECT,BALTIMORE,MD 21224. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PEDIAT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP CADET, JL (reprint author), NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,MOLEC NEUROPSYCHIAT SECT,POB 5180,BALTIMORE,MD 21224, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-09838] NR 24 TC 223 Z9 224 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 62 IS 1 BP 380 EP 383 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA MM536 UT WOS:A1994MM53600048 PM 7505315 ER PT J AU DACUNHA, A NESKOVIC, N PINE, PS VITKOVIC, L AF DACUNHA, A NESKOVIC, N PINE, PS VITKOVIC, L TI POTENTIAL ROLE OF GAP-43 IN MEMBRANE SYNTHESIS SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR NEUROCHIM,F-67084 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NIMH,DIV NEUROSCI & BEHAV SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP DACUNHA, A (reprint author), NIMH,CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1994 VL 62 SU S BP S66 EP S66 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA NQ959 UT WOS:A1994NQ95900260 ER PT J AU PEDEN, KWC AF PEDEN, KWC TI ASPECTS OF TROPISM OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CBER,RETROVIRUS RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1994 VL 62 SU S BP S90 EP S90 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA NQ959 UT WOS:A1994NQ95900359 ER PT J AU YAMABE, T DHIR, G COWAN, EP WOLF, AL BERGEY, GK KRUMHOLZ, A BARRY, E HOFFMAN, PM DHIBJALBUT, S AF YAMABE, T DHIR, G COWAN, EP WOLF, AL BERGEY, GK KRUMHOLZ, A BARRY, E HOFFMAN, PM DHIBJALBUT, S TI CYTOKINE-GENE EXPRESSION IN MEASLES-INFECTED ADULT HUMAN GLIAL-CELLS SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MICROGLIA; INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA; INTERLEUKIN-6; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; MEASLES VIRUS ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; MICROGLIAL CELLS; MESSENGER-RNAS; CLASS-II; CULTURES; ASTROCYTES; MONOCYTES; INVITRO; VIRUS AB The expression of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha transcripts in cultured human glial cells was examined using reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and Southern blot quantitation. Microglial cultures derived from brain biopsy specimens from three different individuals expressed transcripts for the three cytokines under basal culture conditions. This expression was enhanced in response to measles virus (MV) infection (IL-1 beta, 2.2-8.8-fold; IL-6, 2.5-8.4-fold; TNF alpha, 2.2-3.2-fold). Neither IL-1 beta nor TNF alpha transcripts were detectable in undissociated brain tissue from two individuals, suggesting that the basal expression of these cytokines in culture may have been induced by tissue dissociation or by the culture conditions. Oligodendrocytes did not express cytokine transcripts under basal culture conditions, and IL-1 beta and IL-6 but not TNF alpha transcripts could be induced by MV. Similarly, meningeal fibroblasts expressed IL-1 beta and IL-6 but not TNF alpha in response to MV-infection, suggesting that the production of TNF alpha is more cell type-restricted than either IL-1 beta or IL-6. The results indicate that adult human microglia can participate in the inflammatory response to MV infection in the CNS by producing cytokines that contribute to inflammation and demyelination. In addition, besides their role in myelination, oligodendrocytes can potentially influence immunoreactivity in the CNS by producing IL-1 beta and IL-6. C1 BALTIMORE VET ADM MED CTR,RETROVIRUS RES CTR,BALTIMORE,MD. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BALTIMORE,MD. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NEUROSURG,BALTIMORE,MD. UNIV MARYLAND HOSP,DEPT NEPHROL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. FU NINDS NIH HHS [2 P50 NS 20022-09A1] NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-5728 J9 J NEUROIMMUNOL JI J. Neuroimmunol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 49 IS 1-2 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1016/0165-5728(94)90193-7 PG 9 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA MU323 UT WOS:A1994MU32300020 PM 8294554 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI INTRODUCING MEDWATCH - A NEW APPROACH TO REPORTING MEDICATION AND DEVICE ADVERSE-EFFECTS AND PRODUCT PROBLEMS (REPRINTED FROM JAMA, VOL 269, 1993) SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PODIATRIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PODIATRIC MED ASSN PI BETHESDA PA 9312 OLD GEORGETOWN ROAD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-1621 SN 0003-0538 J9 J AM PODIAT MED ASSN JI J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 84 IS 1 BP 35 EP 38 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA NJ612 UT WOS:A1994NJ61200008 PM 8295131 ER PT J AU ALTEKRUSE, SF HUNT, JM TOLLEFSON, LK MADDEN, JM AF ALTEKRUSE, SF HUNT, JM TOLLEFSON, LK MADDEN, JM TI FOOD AND ANIMAL SOURCES OF HUMAN CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI INFECTION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID FETUS SUBSP-JEJUNI; THERMOPHILIC CAMPYLOBACTERS; YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA; RISK-FACTORS; WILD BIRDS; RAW-MILK; DOGS; ENTERITIS; PREVALENCE; CATS C1 US FDA,OFF POLICY PLANNING & STRATEG INITIAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CINCINNATI DIST OFF,CINCINNATI,OH 45202. US FDA,CTR VET MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. RP ALTEKRUSE, SF (reprint author), US FDA,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 87 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 1 PY 1994 VL 204 IS 1 BP 57 EP 61 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA MN978 UT WOS:A1994MN97800016 PM 8125823 ER PT J AU GRIEVE, AP POCOCK, SJ ABRAMS, K ASHBY, D HEALY, MJR JENNISON, C LEWIS, JA LINDLEY, DV MACHIN, D NEWMAN, GB BATHER, JA BAILEY, RA EVANS, SJW KEIDING, N MATTHEWS, JNS GORE, SM SENN, S HERSON, J TURNBULL, BW ALTMAN, DG ARMITAGE, P ATKINSON, AC BERRY, DA BUYSE, ME CARLIN, BP DEMETS, DL DEMPSTER, AP DUNSTAN, FDJ ELLENBERG, SS FAYERS, P GAIL, MH GEORGE, SL GREENHOUSE, JB WASSERMAN, LA HARRELL, FE JOSEPH, L SHAPIRO, SH KADANE, JB LEHMANN, HP MARUBINI, E MARIANI, L PATER, JL PETTIT, LI YOUNG, KDS ROSNER, GL WHITEHEAD, J WIEAND, HS AF GRIEVE, AP POCOCK, SJ ABRAMS, K ASHBY, D HEALY, MJR JENNISON, C LEWIS, JA LINDLEY, DV MACHIN, D NEWMAN, GB BATHER, JA BAILEY, RA EVANS, SJW KEIDING, N MATTHEWS, JNS GORE, SM SENN, S HERSON, J TURNBULL, BW ALTMAN, DG ARMITAGE, P ATKINSON, AC BERRY, DA BUYSE, ME CARLIN, BP DEMETS, DL DEMPSTER, AP DUNSTAN, FDJ ELLENBERG, SS FAYERS, P GAIL, MH GEORGE, SL GREENHOUSE, JB WASSERMAN, LA HARRELL, FE JOSEPH, L SHAPIRO, SH KADANE, JB LEHMANN, HP MARUBINI, E MARIANI, L PATER, JL PETTIT, LI YOUNG, KDS ROSNER, GL WHITEHEAD, J WIEAND, HS TI BAYESIAN APPROACHES TO RANDOMIZED TRIALS - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES A-STATISTICS IN SOCIETY LA English DT Discussion ID SEQUENTIAL CLINICAL-TRIALS; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; INTERIM ANALYSES; STOPPING RULES; OPINION; TESTS; ALLOCATION; DESIGN C1 UNIV LONDON LONDON SCH HYG & TROP MED, LONDON WC1E 7HT, ENGLAND. UNIV LEICESTER, LEICESTER LE1 7RH, ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, ENGLAND. INST EDUC, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV BATH, BATH BA2 7AY, AVON, ENGLAND. UNIV KENT, CANTERBURY CT2 7NZ, KENT, ENGLAND. MRC, CANC TRIALS OFF, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. UNIV SUSSEX, BRIGHTON BN1 9RH, E SUSSEX, ENGLAND. GOLDSMITHS COLL, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV LONDON LONDON HOSP, COLL MED, LONDON E1 1BB, ENGLAND. UNIV COPENHAGEN, DK-1168 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK. UNIV NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE, NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE NE1 7RU, TYNE & WEAR, ENGLAND. MRC, BIOSTAT UNIT, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. CIBA GEIGY AG, DIV PHARMACEUT, CH-4002 BASEL, SWITZERLAND. APPL LOG ASSOCIATES, HOUSTON, TX USA. CORNELL UNIV, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. IMPERIAL CANC RES FUND, LONDON WC2A 3PX, ENGLAND. UNIV LONDON LONDON SCH ECON & POLIT SCI, LONDON WC2A 2AE, ENGLAND. DUKE UNIV, DURHAM, NC 27706 USA. INT INST DRUG DEV, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM. LIMBURGS UNIV CENTRUM, B-3610 DIEPENBEEK, BELGIUM. UNIV MINNESOTA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA USA. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. UNIV WALES COLL MED, CARDIFF CF4 4XN, S GLAM, WALES. US FDA, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NCI, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. DUKE UNIV, MED CTR, DURHAM, NC 27710 USA. MCGILL UNIV, MONTREAL, PQ H3A 2T5, CANADA. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, SCH MED, BALTIMORE, MD 21205 USA. UNIV MILAN, I-20122 MILAN, ITALY. QUEENS UNIV, KINGSTON, ON K7L 3N6, CANADA. GOLDSMITHS COLL, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV SURREY, GUILDFORD GU2 5XH, SURREY, ENGLAND. UNIV READING, READING RG6 2AH, BERKS, ENGLAND. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN, ROCHESTER, MN 55905 USA. RP GRIEVE, AP (reprint author), ZENECA PHARMACEUT, MACCLESFIELD, ENGLAND. RI Senn, Stephen/A-8101-2008; Fayers, Peter/A-5999-2010; Senn, Stephen/B-2903-2013; OI Senn, Stephen/0000-0002-7558-8473; Grieve, Andrew/0000-0003-3143-2554 NR 82 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0964-1998 EI 1467-985X J9 J R STAT SOC A STAT JI J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. A-Stat. Soc. PY 1994 VL 157 BP 387 EP 416 PN 3 PG 30 WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Mathematics GA PX871 UT WOS:A1994PX87100005 ER PT J AU GREEN, S AF GREEN, S TI PROGRESS OF VARIOUS US REGULATORY AGENCIES IN REVIEWING ALTERNATIVE TEST METHODS SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY-CUTANEOUS AND OCULAR TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Satellite Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology on New Horizons in In Vitro Toxicology CY MAR 15, 1994 CL DALLAS, TX SP SOC TOXICOL C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0731-3829 J9 J TOXICOL-CUTAN OCUL JI J. Toxicol.-Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol. PY 1994 VL 13 IS 4 BP 339 EP 343 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology; Toxicology SC Ophthalmology; Toxicology GA PQ824 UT WOS:A1994PQ82400010 ER PT J AU WHITTAKER, P CHANDERBHAN, R CALVERT, R DUNKEL, V AF WHITTAKER, P CHANDERBHAN, R CALVERT, R DUNKEL, V TI CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR RESPONSES IN THE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RAT TO CHRONIC IRON OVERLOAD SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HEPATOCELLULAR HYPERTROPHY; IRON TOXICITY; LIPID PEROXIDATION; DNA; RATS ID LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HEMOCHROMATOSIS; FERRITIN; LIVER; BRAIN; LOCALIZATION; PROTEINS AB Hepatotoxicity produced in Sprague-Dawley rats by dietary Fe overload was manifested as hypertrophy of the liver. The enlarged hepatocytes were located predominantly in the periportal region of the liver lobules and contained large amounts of granular cytoplasmic Fe. There was a direct relationship between dietary level of Fe and liver nonheme Fe which correlated with liver DNA content, lipid peroxidation, and thymidine kinase. After 12 weeks of feeding animals diets supplemented with 35, 350, 3,500, and 20,000 mu g Fe/g, there was a dose-related decrease in liver DNA content from 1,526 to 1,291 mu g/g. Liver lipid-conjugated dienes increased from 0.019 to 0.039 mu mol/mg lipid and directly correlated with nonheme liver Fe. TK-specific activity rose to 2.09 pmol . min(-1) . mg(-1) protein in rats fed the high Fe diet; the level in the control group was 0.85 pmol . min(-1) . mg(-1). Also, an evaluation of the heart showed a progressive increase in the ratio of heart wt/body wt and in the amount of Fe deposited in this organ. At the 3,500 and 20,000 mu g Fe/g dose levels, two animals that died before termination of the study had marked myocardial damage. These results show that toxicity resulting from Fe overload mediates lipid peroxidation, hepatomegaly, decreased cellular DNA content, and increased TK activity in the liver. The results also indicate that Fe affects heart function. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. RP WHITTAKER, P (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR HFS465,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0896-548X J9 J TRACE ELEM EXP MED JI J. Trace Elem. Exp. Med. PY 1994 VL 7 IS 1 BP 19 EP 31 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA NW929 UT WOS:A1994NW92900003 ER PT J AU SANTOS, N GOUVEA, V AF SANTOS, N GOUVEA, V TI IMPROVED METHOD FOR PURIFICATION OF VIRAL-RNA FROM FECAL SPECIMENS FOR ROTAVIRUS DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE VIRAL RNA; PURIFICATION; ROTAVIRUS DIAGNOSIS ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NUCLEIC-ACID; FECES; DNA AB An improved procedure to recover and purify double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from fecal specimens is described. Guanidine isothiocyanate, hydroxyapatite, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were used to extract and purify rotavirus dsRNA from fecal specimens. The method is very efficient and easy to perform, and precludes the use of toxic substances such as phenol, chloroform, and Freon. It yields RNA free of enzymatic inhibitors, permitting its detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays. In addition, it was demonstrated that during initial clarification of the fecal suspension, the pellet must be washed at least twice to avoid massive losses of virus, viral protein, or viral nucleic acid retained in the solid debris. C1 US FDA,DIV MOLEC BIOL RES & EVALUAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. OI Santos, Norma/0000-0002-5123-9172 NR 22 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JAN PY 1994 VL 46 IS 1 BP 11 EP 21 DI 10.1016/0166-0934(94)90012-4 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA MW142 UT WOS:A1994MW14200002 PM 8175943 ER PT J AU GRAFF, J NORMANN, A FEINSTONE, SM FLEHMIG, B AF GRAFF, J NORMANN, A FEINSTONE, SM FLEHMIG, B TI NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE OF WILD-TYPE HEPATITIS A VIRUS GBM IN COMPARISON WITH 2 CELL CULTURE-ADAPTED VARIANTS SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID 5' NONTRANSLATED REGION; A-VIRUS; GROWTH-CHARACTERISTICS; PERSISTENT INFECTION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; STRAIN HM175; REPLICATION; MUTATIONS; INVITRO; RNA AB In order to study cell tropism and attenuation of hepatitis A virus (HAV), the genome of HAV wild-type GBM and two cell culture-adapted variants, GBM/FRhK and GBM/HFS, were cloned and sequenced after amplification by reverse transcriptase-PCR, During virus cultivation, the HAV variant GBM/FRhK had a strict host range for FRhK-4 cells, in contrast to GBM/HFS, which can be grown in HFS and FRhK-4 cells. The HAV variant GBM/HFS was shown to be attenuated when inoculated into chimpanzees (B. Flehmig, R. F. Mauler, G; Noll, E. Weinmann, and J. P. Gregerson, p. 87-90, in A. Zuckerman, ed., Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease, 1988). On the basis of this biological background, the comparison of the nucleotide sequences of these three HAV GBM variants should elucidate differences which may be of importance for cell tropism and attenuation. The comparison of the genome between the GBM wild type and HAV wild types HM175 (J. I. Cohen, J. R. Ticehurst, R. H. Purcell, A. Buckler-White, and B. M. Baroudy, J. Virol. 61:50-59, 1987) and HAV-LA (R. Najarian, O. Caput, W. Gee, S. J. Potter, A. Renard, J. Merryweather, G. Van Nest, and D. Dina, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:2627-2631, 1985) showed a 92 to 96.3% identity, whereas the identity was 99.3 to 99.6% between the GBM variants. Nucleotide differences between the wild-type and the cell culture-adapted variants, which were identical in both cell culture-adapted GBM variants, were localized in the 5' noncoding region; in 2B, 3B, and 3D; and in the 3' noncoding region. Our result concerning the 2B/2C region confirms a mutation at position 3889 (C-->T, alanine to valine), which had been shown to be of importance for cell culture adaptation (S. U. Emerson, C. McRill, B. Rosenblum, S. M. Feinstone, and R. H. Purcell, J. Virol. 65:4882-4886, 1991; S. U. Emerson, Y. K. Huang, C. McRill, M. Lewis, and R. H. Purcell, J. Virol, 66:650-653, 1992), whereas other mutations differ from published HAV sequence data and may be cell specific. Further comparison of the two cell culture-adapted GBM variants showed cell-specific mutations resulting in deletions of six amino acids in the VP1 region and three amino acids in the 3A region of the GBM variant GBM/FRhK. C1 US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GRAFF, J (reprint author), UNIV TUBINGEN,INST HYG,DEPT VIROL & EPIDEMIOL VIRUS DIS,SILCHERSTR 7,D-72076 TUBINGEN,GERMANY. NR 37 TC 71 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 68 IS 1 BP 548 EP 554 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA MW251 UT WOS:A1994MW25100064 PM 8254770 ER PT J AU GIORDANO, TJ NORMANNO, N MERINO, MJ SCHNITT, SJ GULLICK, WJ JOHNSON, G SALOMON, DS AF GIORDANO, TJ NORMANNO, N MERINO, MJ SCHNITT, SJ GULLICK, WJ JOHNSON, G SALOMON, DS TI AMPHIREGULIN AND CRIPTO EXPRESSION IN MAMMARY DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN-SITU SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,PATHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. BETH ISRAEL HOSP,DEPT PATHOL,BOSTON,MA. HAMMERSMITH HOSP,IMPERIAL CANC RES FUND,LONDON,ENGLAND. US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 70 IS 1 BP A16 EP A16 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA MW426 UT WOS:A1994MW42600087 ER PT J AU QURESHI, MN BAGASRA, O JOSHI, B HEWLETT, I BARR, CE HENRARD, D AF QURESHI, MN BAGASRA, O JOSHI, B HEWLETT, I BARR, CE HENRARD, D TI HIGH PREVALENCE OF HIV DNA AND RNA AND LOCALIZATION OF HIV-PROVIRAL DNA IN ORAL MUCOSAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS IN SALIVA FROM HIV(+) SUBJECTS SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BETH ISRAEL MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10003. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD. ABBOTT LABS,N CHICAGO,IL 60064. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 70 IS 1 BP A127 EP A127 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA MW426 UT WOS:A1994MW42600756 ER PT J AU DURFOR, CN TURNER, DC GEORGER, JH PEEK, BM STENGER, DA AF DURFOR, CN TURNER, DC GEORGER, JH PEEK, BM STENGER, DA TI FORMATION AND NAPHTHOYL DERIVATIZATION OF AROMATIC AMINOSILANE SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS - CHARACTERIZATION BY ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY AND ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; COPLANAR MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES; RESOLUTION; ELLIPSOMETRY; ADHESION; SURFACES; ORDER AB Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) prepared from short chain aminoalkyl- and aromatic aminoalkysilanes have recently proven valuable in controlling the adhesive properties of silica substrates for chemical, biological, and microelectronic applications. To gain insight to the structure and amine reactivity of these films, we have studied the formation of SAMs formed on silica surfaces from ((((aminoethyl) amino)methyl) phenethyl) trimethoxysilane (PEDA), and their modification with 2-naphthoyl chloride (NAP-C1). Atomic force microscopy was used to demonstrate that PEDA and PEDA-NAP SAMs do not pack in a periodic or regular array on the surface but in fact are highly disordered relative to surface-deposited Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) phospholipid films, organothiol SAMs on gold, and at least one perfluorinated alkyl monochlorosilane SAM. In contrast to chromophores in well-ordered monolayers, the UV absorbance lineshapes and ratio of peaks corresponding to the (1)A-B-1(b) and (1)A-(1)L(a) transitions of the NAP chromophore remain relatively unchanged after immobilization. A simple first-order model, used to estimate molecular densities and reaction stoichiometries, suggests that in reaction-site-limited PEDA SAMs, the amine reactivity is limited by the maximum packing density of the NAP chromophore. C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOLEC SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. RP DURFOR, CN (reprint author), US FDA,CBER,HFM 594,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 32 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD JAN PY 1994 VL 10 IS 1 BP 148 EP 152 DI 10.1021/la00013a022 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA MT810 UT WOS:A1994MT81000023 ER PT J AU EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH HAHN, DW AF EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH HAHN, DW TI ENHANCED ARF LASER-ABSORPTION IN A COLLAGEN TARGET UNDER ABLATIVE CONDITIONS SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE CORNEA; FREE-RADICALS; PHOTOREFRACTIVE SURGERY ID CORNEA; LENS AB The time-resolved transmission of collagen targets during ArF excimer laser ablation has been measured. The transmitted excimer pulse measurements demonstrate enhanced media attenuation that is a nonlinear function of incident laser fluence. Forward scattering of the transmitted pulse has been assessed to be a negligible contributor to the observed phenomena. Results of pump/probe interrogation of the ablation site indicate that the onset of enhanced attenuation occurs on the time course of the ablating laser pulse and persists for times on the order of hundreds of microseconds. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1994 VL 15 IS 1 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900150114 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA PP488 UT WOS:A1994PP48800013 PM 7997043 ER PT J AU ROYSTON, DD TORRES, JH THOMSEN, S SRIRAM, PS WELCH, AJ AF ROYSTON, DD TORRES, JH THOMSEN, S SRIRAM, PS WELCH, AJ TI COMPARISON OF THE THERMAL TISSUE EFFECTS PRODUCED BY AGED SAPPHIRE AND SILICA HEMISPHERICAL TIPS SO LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ND-YAG LASER; FIBER OPTICS; LASER ABLATION; LASER COAGULATION; CHICKEN BREAST MODEL; CONTACT LASER SURGERY ID ND-YAG LASER; MODIFIED FIBER TIPS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RECANALIZATION; CONTACT; TEMPERATURE; MYOCARDIUM; HYPERTHERMIA; IRRADIATION; INVITRO AB This study evaluated the performance of sapphire and fused silica hemispherical tips under the same exposure conditions. Lesions produced in the chicken breast and a blood field were sectioned for light and transmission polarizing microscopy. Lesion size and thermal damage area were recorded as a function of the tips accumulated exposure. The tips transmission was measured after every 1,000 J of exposure. Fused silica tips lasted for similar to 5,000 J and experienced significant surface and transmission deterioration. The sapphire hemispherical tips lasted for > 12,000 J with no surface and transmission deterioration. Lesions produced with the fused silica tips generally increased in depth with use, and depths of 6 mm were common. Lesions produced by the sapphire tips were subsurface spherical areas of coagulation with the tissue surface relatively intact. This difference in resulting lesions may be attributed to the higher thermal conductivity of sapphire. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,COLL ENGN,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP ROYSTON, DD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,FISHERS LANE HFZ-134,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-8092 J9 LASER SURG MED JI Lasers Surg. Med. PY 1994 VL 14 IS 1 BP 47 EP 58 DI 10.1002/lsm.1900140112 PG 12 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA MR979 UT WOS:A1994MR97900009 PM 8127207 ER PT J AU BUCK, JD MCCARTHY, SA AF BUCK, JD MCCARTHY, SA TI OCCURRENCE OF NON-O1 VIBRIO-CHOLERAE IN TEXAS GULF-COAST DOLPHINS (TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS) SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DELPHINAPTERUS-LEUCAS; AQUATIC BIRDS; FLORIDA; ENVIRONMENT; BACTERIA; ESTUARY; CITY AB Non-01 Yibrio cholerae, commonly found in water, sediment, shellfish and birds along the northern Gulf of Mexico coastline, was isolated from the anus and/or blowhole of five apparently healthy Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in July 1992, in Matagorda Bay, Texas. Dolphins may provide a continuing source of non-01 V. cholerae to the environment. The extent of the spread of the organism is probably influenced by the limited home range of the dolphins. C1 US FDA,GULF COAST SEAFOOD LAB,DAUPHIN ISL,AL 36528. RP BUCK, JD (reprint author), MOTE MARINE LAB,SARASOTA,FL 34236, USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 18 IS 1 BP 45 EP 46 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.1994.tb00797.x PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA MU638 UT WOS:A1994MU63800014 ER PT J AU GAGNE, RM QUINN, PW JENNINGS, RJ AF GAGNE, RM QUINN, PW JENNINGS, RJ TI COMPARISON OF BEAM-HARDENING AND K-EDGE FILTERS FOR IMAGING BARIUM AND IODINE DURING FLUOROSCOPY SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE FLUOROSCOPY; X-RAY FILTERS; AUTOMATIC BRIGHTNESS CONTROL ALGORITHM ID X-RAY-SPECTRA; DIAGNOSTIC-RADIOLOGY; PATIENT EXPOSURE; REDUCTION AB This study investigated the dose reduction performance of several beam-hardening and K-edge filter materials for the imaging of barium or iodine during fluoroscopy. A computer model was developed to simulate the effect of added filtration on entrance exposure rate (X(p)), integral dose rate (D-i), contrast (C), signal to noise ratio (SNR), imaging performance per dose (SNR(2)/D-i), and tube load. The model incorporated the response characteristics, in both manual and automatic control modes of operation, of fluoroscopic systems to increasing or decreasing x-ray intensity at the input of the image intensifier. Input parameters to the computer model included choice of filter material and thickness, a barium or iodine test object, tube potential, phantom thickness, a CsI input phosphor, and a set of algorithms for controlling the fluoroscopic system. In all cases, the performance of systems with added filtration was judged with respect to a reference system operating under comparable conditions. In general, either beam-hardening or K-edge filters provided a significant reduction in entrance exposure and integral dose rates; but with an attendant increase in tube load. For a fluoroscopic system constrained to follow a representative automatic brightness control algorithm, added filtration provided a reduction in entrance exposure and integral dose rates for all phantom or uniformly distributed barium thicknesses. However, the imaging performance per dose, in some cases, decreased rapidly and was less than that of the reference system at large thicknesses. Only a change in the algorithm controlling the kVcp and mA operating points on the fluoroscopic system provided an imaging performance per dose greater than the reference system's at large thicknesses. The practical implementation of adding filtration to fluoroscopic systems is most simply accomplished with beam-hardening filters rather than K-edge filters. However, the systems with K-edge added filtration can provide slightly better performance when used over a limited range of phantom thicknesses such as the range normally associated with pediatric patients. RP GAGNE, RM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 21 IS 1 BP 107 EP 121 PG 15 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MU896 UT WOS:A1994MU89600015 PM 8164575 ER PT B AU HASS, BS MCDANIEL, LP POIRIER, LA LITTLEFIELD, NA AF HASS, BS MCDANIEL, LP POIRIER, LA LITTLEFIELD, NA BE Collery, P Poirier, LA Littlefield, NA Etienne, JC TI EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM CONCENTRATION ON THE SOFT AGAR GROWTH OF NORMAL AND TRANSFORMED-CELLS SO METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, VOL 3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE SE METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine CY MAY 17-21, 1994 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP US FDA, NCI, AGENCE REG RECH & DEV CHAMPAGNE ARDENNE, INT RES INST MET IONS, UNIV MONTREAL, UNIV QUEBEC, MERAM LAB C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN LIBBEY EUROTEXT LTD PI MONTROUGE PA 127 AVE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, 92120 MONTROUGE, FRANCE BN 2-7420-0054-2 J9 MET ION BIO PY 1994 VL 3 BP 489 EP 493 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BA81W UT WOS:A1994BA81W00084 ER PT B AU LITTLEFIELD, NA HASS, BS AF LITTLEFIELD, NA HASS, BS BE Collery, P Poirier, LA Littlefield, NA Etienne, JC TI EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM ON DNA-DAMAGE FROM CADMIUM, NICKEL, MERCURY AND LEAD SO METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, VOL 3: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE SE METAL IONS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine CY MAY 17-21, 1994 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP US FDA, NCI, AGENCE REG RECH & DEV CHAMPAGNE ARDENNE, INT RES INST MET IONS, UNIV MONTREAL, UNIV QUEBEC, MERAM LAB C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN LIBBEY EUROTEXT LTD PI MONTROUGE PA 127 AVE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, 92120 MONTROUGE, FRANCE BN 2-7420-0054-2 J9 MET ION BIO PY 1994 VL 3 BP 507 EP 512 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BA81W UT WOS:A1994BA81W00087 ER PT S AU GUILFOYLE, DE HIRSHFIELD, IN AF GUILFOYLE, DE HIRSHFIELD, IN BE Ades, EW Rest, RF Morse, SA TI THE MOLECULAR RESPONSE OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI TO THE SHORT-CHAIN ORGANIC-ACID BUTYRATE SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Microbial Pathogenesis and Immune Response CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE BUENA VISTA, FL SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI C1 ST JOHNS UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,JAMAICA,NY 11439. US FDA,NE REG LAB,BROOKLYN,NY 11232. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-895-2 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 730 BP 246 EP 248 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb44254.x PG 3 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Pathology SC Immunology; Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Pathology GA BB02T UT WOS:A1994BB02T00022 PM 8080175 ER PT S AU BUNNING, VK RAYBOURNE, RB AF BUNNING, VK RAYBOURNE, RB BE Ades, EW Rest, RF Morse, SA TI FLUORESCENT LABELING OF LISTERIA AND SALMONELLA - ANALYSIS OF BACTERIA-HOST CELL-INTERACTIONS BY FLOW MICROFLUORIMETRY SO MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Microbial Pathogenesis and Immune Response CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE BUENA VISTA, FL SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI ID TYPHIMURIUM; GROWTH RP BUNNING, VK (reprint author), US FDA,IMMUNOBIOL HFS326,8301 MUIRKIRK RD,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-895-2 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 730 BP 273 EP 275 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb44263.x PG 3 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Pathology SC Immunology; Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Pathology GA BB02T UT WOS:A1994BB02T00031 PM 8080184 ER PT J AU ZHANG, YH PASTOR, RW AF ZHANG, YH PASTOR, RW TI A COMPARISION OF METHODS FOR COMPUTING TRANSITION RATES FROM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE ISOMERIZATION RATE; CORRELATION FUNCTION; RELAXATION FUNCTION; COUNTING; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION; POISSON PROCESS ID ISOMERIZATION DYNAMICS; LANGEVIN DYNAMICS; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; BUTANE; KINETICS; LIQUIDS AB Correlation function and direct counting methods for the evaluation of the isomerization rates in equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are studied for a system of 64 independent particles, each undergoing transitions between two stable states according to a Poisson process. Three different numerical implementations of the number correlation function and two different counting formulas based on different ordering of averages over trajectory and particles are tested. All methods yield correct results for sufficiently long simulations. However, for simulations where a given particle undergoes a small (<5-10) number of transitions, accurate rates are obtained only when the correlation function is normalized after averaging over particles; this correlation function is shown to be equivalent to the relaxation function of Brown and Clarke (J. Chem. Phys. 92, 3062, 1990). Similarily, accurate rates are obtained with a counting formula where the average first passage time is first calculated over all particles and inverted, as opposed to calculating rates for each particle and then averaging. These distinctions are shown to be significant when calculating isomerization rates from 500 ps MD simulations of n-butane. Correction of overcounts is also illustrated for the butane system, where ''glassy'' or low friction dynamics is evident. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0892-7022 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PY 1994 VL 13 IS 1 BP 25 EP 38 DI 10.1080/08927029408022182 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA NN565 UT WOS:A1994NN56500003 ER PT J AU JACKSON, LS HARGRAVES, WA STROUP, WH DIACHENKO, GW AF JACKSON, LS HARGRAVES, WA STROUP, WH DIACHENKO, GW TI HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC AMINE CONTENT OF SELECTED BEEF FLAVORS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC AMINE; FLAVOR; AMES ASSAY; MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY; AMINOIMIDAZOAZAARENE; HPLC; CREATINE; CREATININE ID COOKED GROUND-BEEF; MAILLARD-REACTION-PRODUCTS; AMES SALMONELLA TEST; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MUTAGENIC FRACTIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FOOD-PRODUCTS; FRIED BEEF; IDENTIFICATION; EXTRACT AB Previous work has shown that meat extracts contain potent mutagenic and/or carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs). Because meat extracts and some beef flavors are produced from similar precursors and processing steps, the beef flavors may also contain HAAs. This study analyzed 24 commercial beef flavors and 2 food-grade beef extracts for creatine and creatinine concentrations, mutagenic activity and HAA concentrations (IQ, MeIQ, MeIQ(x), DiMeIQ(x), Glu-P-1, Glu-P-2 and PhIP). The creatine and creatinine levels of the flavors ranged from 0 to 73 and from 0 to 21 mg/g (dry wt.), respectively. The mutagenic activities of the flavors ranged from 0 to 3200-Salmonella typhimurium TA98 revertants/g (dry wt.). No direct relationship was found between creatine and/or creatinine concentrations and mutagenic activities. However, flavors with high creatine (>1.5 mg/g) or creatinine(>2 mg/g) levels exhibited higher mutagenic activities than did flavors with low levels of these compounds. Flavors with high mutagenic activities (> 1500 revertants/g) contained measurable amounts of HAAs. Three flavors contained MeIQ(x) (7.2-21.2 ng/g [dry wt.]) and one contained DiMeIQ(x) (4.2 ng/g [dry wt.]). C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP JACKSON, LS (reprint author), NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,6502 S ARCHER RD,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501, USA. NR 35 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD JAN PY 1994 VL 320 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 124 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(94)90063-9 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MT330 UT WOS:A1994MT33000010 PM 7506378 ER PT J AU SUTHERLAND, JB EVANS, FE FREEMAN, JP WILLIAMS, AJ DECK, J CERNIGLIA, CE AF SUTHERLAND, JB EVANS, FE FREEMAN, JP WILLIAMS, AJ DECK, J CERNIGLIA, CE TI IDENTIFICATION OF METABOLITES PRODUCED FROM ACRIDINE BY CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ACRIDINE; ACRIDINE TRANS-1,2-DIHYDRODIOL; AZAARENES; CUNNINGHAMELLA-ELEGANS; 2-HYDROXYACRIDINE ID CELL-EXTRACTS; ANTHRACENE; PHENANTHRENE; TOXICITY; NITROGEN; MUTAGENS; DAPHNIA; ENZYMES; FUNGI AB Mycelia of Cunninghamella elegans were incubated in liquid Sabouraud medium containing 56 muM acridine. After 3 days, the culture medium was extracted with ethyl acetate and two metabolites were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Acridine trans-1,2-dihydrodiol and 2-hydroxyacridine were identified by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The data support a proposed pathway in which acridine is oxidized to a transient arene oxide, which is then hydrated to form the dihydrodiol or rearranged to form the phenol. RP SUTHERLAND, JB (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 27 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN PI BRONX PA PUBLICATIONS DEPT, BRONX, NY 10458 SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 86 IS 1 BP 117 EP 120 DI 10.2307/3760726 PG 4 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA NF128 UT WOS:A1994NF12800011 ER PT S AU ALAYASH, AI CASHON, RE AF ALAYASH, AI CASHON, RE BE Chiueh, CC Gilbert, DL Colton, CA TI REACTIONS OF NITRIC-OXIDE AND HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE WITH HEMOGLOBIN-BASED BLOOD SUBSTITUTES SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF NO- AND -OH SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Symposium on the Neurobiology of NO- and -OH CY NOV 07, 1993 CL NIH, BETHESDA, MD SP NIH, NIMH, NINDS, NIA, NHLBI, NCI HO NIH C1 UNIV MAINE,DEPT BIOCHEM MICROBIOL & MOLEC BIOL,ORONO,ME 04469. RP ALAYASH, AI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 6 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-873-1 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 738 BP 378 EP 381 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BD10R UT WOS:A1994BD10R00043 PM 7530423 ER PT S AU CADET, JL ALI, S EPSTEIN, C AF CADET, JL ALI, S EPSTEIN, C BE Chiueh, CC Gilbert, DL Colton, CA TI INVOLVEMENT OF OXYGEN-BASED RADICALS IN METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY - EVIDENCE FROM THE USE OF CUZNSOD TRANSGENIC MICE SO NEUROBIOLOGY OF NO- AND -OH SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Symposium on the Neurobiology of NO- and -OH CY NOV 07, 1993 CL NIH, BETHESDA, MD SP NIH, NIMH, NINDS, NIA, NHLBI, NCI HO NIH ID RAT-BRAIN; DOPAMINE; 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PEDIAT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP CADET, JL (reprint author), NIDA,ADDICT RES CTR,MOLEC NEUROPSYCHIAT SECT,POB 5180,BALTIMORE,MD 21224, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-09838] NR 18 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-873-1 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 738 BP 388 EP 391 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BD10R UT WOS:A1994BD10R00045 PM 7530424 ER PT S AU HAVERY, DC CHOU, HJ AF HAVERY, DC CHOU, HJ BE Loeppky, RN Michejda, CJ TI NITROSAMINES IN SUNSCREENS AND COSMETIC PRODUCTS - OCCURRENCE, FORMATION, AND TRENDS SO NITROSAMINES AND RELATED N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Nitrosamines and Related N-Nitroso Compounds: Chemistry and Biochemistry, at the 204th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC ID VOLATILE N-NITROSAMINES; NITROSO COMPOUNDS; UNITED-STATES; NITROSODIETHANOLAMINE; RATS; SKIN; PENETRATION; NITROSOMETHYLDODECYLAMINE; NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE; DIETHANOLAMINE AB Several nitrosamines, most of which have been shown to be carcinogenic in laboratory animals, have been identified in cosmetic products over the last fifteen years. These compounds are primarily formed from amine precursors and nitrosating agents in the cosmetic product but are also introduced into the product through cosmetic raw materials. Market surveys of sunscreens and cosmetics have revealed levels of nitrosodiethanolamine up to 45 ppm and levels of 2-ethylhexyl 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino) benzoate up to 21 ppm. Results from market surveys of cosmetic products over the past fifteen years do not suggest any trend in the nitrosamine levels in these products. A summary of the occurrence and levels of nitrosamines in cosmetic products along with strategies for the reduction or elimination of these compounds is presented. RP HAVERY, DC (reprint author), US FDA,MAIL STOP HFS 127,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-2856-6 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1994 VL 553 BP 20 EP 33 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BA19W UT WOS:A1994BA19W00003 ER PT J AU LAMBERT, LA WAMER, WG WEI, RR LAVU, S CHIRTEL, SJ KORNHAUSER, A AF LAMBERT, LA WAMER, WG WEI, RR LAVU, S CHIRTEL, SJ KORNHAUSER, A TI THE PROTECTIVE BUT NONSYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF DIETARY BETA-CAROTENE AND VITAMIN-E ON SKIN TUMORIGENESIS IN SKH MICE SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ARACHIDONIC-ACID METABOLISM; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; EXPERIMENTAL CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; MOUSE SKIN; INHIBITION; RISK; PLASMA; CARCINOGENESIS; CELLS AB Various epidemiological and experimental studies have indicated that beta-carotene and vitamin E protect against a variety of cancers. This investigation determined whether a synergistic protective effect could be observed against chemically induced skin tumorigenesis in Skh mice by combining these two antioxidants in the diet. Forty-five mice were used in each of four diet groups. Control animals were fed standard mouse chow. Three other groups received the chow supplemented with one of the following: 0.5% beta-carotene, 0.12% vitamin E (added as d-alpha-tocopheryl succinate), or 0.5% beta-carotene + 0.12% vitamin E. Mice were topically treated with a single application of the initiator 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene and promoted with multiple applications of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Mice were observed for tumors each week for 27 weeks after initiation. The protective effect of each diet was determined by the decrease in the number of skin rumors in supplemented diet groups compared with that of the control diet group. Decreases in the number of cumulative tumors at Week 27 were 32% for beta-carotene-, 25% for vitamin E-, and 21% for beta-carotene + vitamin E-supplemented diet groups. However, differences in the number of tumors among the three groups supplemented with beta-carotene and/or vitamin E were not statistically significant. Thus, although protection was provided by the individual supplements, there was no synergistic effect for a decrease in the number of chemically induced skin tumors by the simultaneous dietary administration of beta-carotene and vitamin E. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MATH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP LAMBERT, LA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV SCI & APPL TECHNOL,COSMET TOXICOL BRANCH,HFS-128,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 45 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 1994 VL 21 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 PG 12 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA MX498 UT WOS:A1994MX49800001 PM 8183718 ER PT J AU CIARDIELLO, F TORTORA, G BIANCO, C SELVAM, MP BASOLO, F FONTANINI, G PACIFICO, F NORMANNO, N BRANDT, R PERSICO, MG SALOMON, DS BIANCO, AR AF CIARDIELLO, F TORTORA, G BIANCO, C SELVAM, MP BASOLO, F FONTANINI, G PACIFICO, F NORMANNO, N BRANDT, R PERSICO, MG SALOMON, DS BIANCO, AR TI INHIBITION OF CRIPTO EXPRESSION AND TUMORIGENICITY IN HUMAN COLON-CANCER CELLS BY ANTISENSE RNA AND OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTOR-ALPHA; MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; C-HA-RAS; INVITRO TRANSFORMATION; COLORECTAL TUMORS; LINES; PROLIFERATION; GENE; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; AMPHIREGULIN AB CRIPTO is an epidermal growth factor-related gene expressed in a majority of human colorectal tumors. To assess the role of CRIPTO in the growth control of human colon cancer, we have treated human colon carcinoma GEO and CBS cells, that possess high levels of CRIPTO, and WIDR colon cancer cells, that are negative for CRIPTO expression, with two antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides complementary to the 5' end of the human CRIPTO mRNA. Both antisense oligodeoxynucleotides significantly reduced endogenous CRIPTO protein levels and inhibited GEO and CBS cell growth in monolayer and in semisolid medium, whereas they did not affect WIDR cell growth. In addition, GEO, CBS and WIDR cells were infected with a recombinant retroviral vector containing the hygromycin-resistance gene and a 900 bp EcoRI-EcoRI coding fragment of the human CRIPTO cDNA oriented in the 3' to 5' direction. GEO and CBS CRIPTO antisense infectants exhibited a 60 to 70% reduction in CRIPTO protein expression, in monolayer growth and in soft agar cloning efficiency as compared to parental noninfected cells. In contrast, infection of WIDR cells with the CRIPTO antisense retrovirus did not alter their growth. Finally, GEO CRIPTO antisense infectants formed tumors in nude mice that were significantly smaller and had a larger latency period as compared to noninfected GEO cells. C1 US FDA,DIV TRANSFUS SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV PISA,FAC MED & CHIRURG,IST ANAT & ISTOL PATOL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. CNR,IST INT GENET & BIOFIS,I-80125 NAPLES,ITALY. NCI,TUMOR IMMUNOL & BIOL LAB,TUMOR GROWTH FACTOR SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP CIARDIELLO, F (reprint author), UNIV NAPOLI FEDERICO II,FAC MED & CHIRURG,CATTEDRA ONCOL MED,I-80131 NAPLES,ITALY. RI Fontanini, Gabriella/O-7636-2015; OI Fontanini, Gabriella/0000-0003-1957-2052; Pacifico, Francesco Maria/0000-0001-9563-3596; Normanno, Nicola/0000-0002-7158-2605 NR 42 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 4 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JAN PY 1994 VL 9 IS 1 BP 291 EP 298 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA MW247 UT WOS:A1994MW24700035 PM 8302592 ER PT J AU OBIRI, NI PURI, RK AF OBIRI, NI PURI, RK TI CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS EXPRESSED ON HUMAN RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA-CELLS SO ONCOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; SURFACE BINDING; RECYCLING; RECEPTOR STRUCTURE; RENAL CELL CARCINOMA; CROSS-LINKING ID GROWTH-PROMOTING ACTIVITY; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HIGH-AFFINITY; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IDENTIFICATION; LYMPHOKINE; DISTINCT; PROTEINS AB We have recently reported that a variety of solid human tumor cells express high-affinity interleukin-4 receptors (IL-4R). In this study, we have compared structural characteristics of IL-4R expressed on human renal cell carcinoma cells (RCC-WS) and the lymphoid cell lines RAJI (B-cell line) and H9 (T-cell line). In crosslinking studies, the three cell types expressed a predominant 140 kDa IL-4R band. In addition, a 70 kDa band was expressed strongly in H9 cells but only faintly on RCC-WS and RAJI cells. These different species of IL-4R were not observed when crosslinking studies were performed in the presence of excess interleukin-4 (IL-4), indicating IL-4 specificity. A polyclonal anti-IL-4R antibody immunoprecipitated the two species (140 and 70 kDa) in H9 and predominantly the 140 kDa species in RCC-WS tumor cells and RAJI cells. A faint band for the 70 kDa protein was also observed. The affinity of IL-4 binding to its receptor in RCC-WS cells was similar to the binding affinity observed in H9 and RAJI cells examined. However, the RCC tumor cells and B lymphoid cells internalized IL-4R more rapidly compared to T lymphoid cells. Although IL-4R synthesis was similarly inhibited by cycloheximide in all three cell lines, IL-4R expression was more sensitive to actinomycin D inhibition on the RCC-WS and RAJI cells than on H9 cells. Our results suggest that IL-4R expressed on RCC-WS tumor cells are structurally different from those expressed on lymphoid cells because the proportions of IL-4R subunits differ in these cells. Further studies should be performed to determine the identity and functional significance of IL-4R proteins expressed on RCC and immune cells. C1 NIH,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20852. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0965-0407 J9 ONCOL RES JI Oncol. Res. PY 1994 VL 6 IS 9 BP 419 EP 427 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA QC489 UT WOS:A1994QC48900004 PM 7703528 ER PT B AU SHEININ, EB AF SHEININ, EB BE MacRae, M Schier, J Steward, S Krewson, BK Montgomery, A TI How to present new technologies to the FDA SO PHARMANALYSIS CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION PROCEEDINGS '94 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT PharmAnalysis Conference and Exhibition CY JUN 20-22, 1994 CL ATLANTIC CITY, NJ C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI EUGENE PA 859 WILLAMETTE ST, EUGENE, OR 97401-6806 BN 0-943330-46-7 PY 1994 BP 398 EP 403 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Spectroscopy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Spectroscopy GA BE22F UT WOS:A1994BE22F00035 ER PT J AU HART, RW XIAO, Y VONTUNGELN, LS CHOU, MW ZHAN, DJ FU, PP AF HART, RW XIAO, Y VONTUNGELN, LS CHOU, MW ZHAN, DJ FU, PP TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON METABOLISM OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS BY MALE B6C3F1 MOUSE-LIVER MICROSOMES SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS DE CALORIC RESTRICTION; 7-FLUOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE; 7-CHLOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE; 7-BROMOBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE; 7-NITROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE; MOUSE LIVER MICROSOMAL METABOLISM ID RAT C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 7 IS 1-3 BP 19 EP 26 DI 10.1080/10406639408014708 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PG343 UT WOS:A1994PG34300004 ER PT J AU VONTUNGELN, LS EWING, DG WEITKAMP, R CHENG, E HERRENOSAENZ, D EVANS, FE FU, PP AF VONTUNGELN, LS EWING, DG WEITKAMP, R CHENG, E HERRENOSAENZ, D EVANS, FE FU, PP TI METABOLIC-ACTIVATION OF THE POTENT MUTAGEN AND TUMORIGEN 2-NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS DE NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; 2-NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE (2-NITRO-BAP); 2-NITRO-BAP TRANS-9,10-DIHYDRODIOL; 2-NITRO-BAP TRANS-7,8-DIHYDRODIOL; METABOLIC ACTIVATION; MOUSE LIVER MICROSOMES ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIHYDRODIOL; SUBSTITUENT; AXIS C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 7 IS 1-3 BP 91 EP 98 DI 10.1080/10406639408014717 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PG343 UT WOS:A1994PG34300013 ER PT J AU MAO, YL ZENG, HW LIN, TY VONTUNGELN, LS CHIU, LH FU, PP AF MAO, YL ZENG, HW LIN, TY VONTUNGELN, LS CHIU, LH FU, PP TI MICROSOMAL METABOLISM OF 7-NITRODIBENZ[A,H]ANTHRACENE - EFFECT OF THE NITRO SUBSTITUENT ON REGIOSELECTIVE OXIDATIVE-METABOLISM SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS DE 7-NITRODIBENZ[A,H]ANTHRACENE (7-NITRO-DB[A,H]A); 7-NITRO-DB[A,H]A TRANS-1,2-DIHYDRODIOL; 7-NITRO-DB[A,H]A TRANS-3,4-DIHYDRODIOL; 2-HYDROXY-7-NITRO-DB[A,H]A; 4-HYDROXY-7-NITRO-DB[A,H]A; MICROSOMAL METABOLISM ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MUTAGENICITY; ACTIVATION C1 SOOCHOW UNIV,DEPT CHEM,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. S CHINA UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT APPL CHEM,SHIPAI,PEOPLES R CHINA. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 7 IS 1-3 BP 99 EP 106 DI 10.1080/10406639408014718 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PG343 UT WOS:A1994PG34300014 ER PT J AU UENG, TH UENG, YF CHEN, W CHOU, MW AF UENG, TH UENG, YF CHEN, W CHOU, MW TI REGIOSELECTIVE AND STEREOSELECTIVE METABOLISM OF BENZO[A]PYRENE AND 7-CHLOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE BY FISH LIVER-MICROSOMES SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS DE BENZO[A]PYRENE (BAP); 7-CHLOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE (7-CL-BA); METABOLISM; FISH MICROSOMES; REGIOSELECTIVITY; STEREOSELECTIVITY ID AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIOL EPOXIDES; RAINBOW-TROUT; METABOLISM C1 TAIWAN NATL UNIV,COLL MED,INST TOXICOL,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 7 IS 1-3 BP 107 EP 114 DI 10.1080/10406639408014719 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PG343 UT WOS:A1994PG34300015 ER PT J AU FU, PP HERRENOSAENZ, D VONTUNGELN, LS HART, RW LIN, SD AF FU, PP HERRENOSAENZ, D VONTUNGELN, LS HART, RW LIN, SD TI DNA-ADDUCTS AND CARCINOGENICITY OF NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds/1st Biennial Meeting of the International-Society-for-Polycyclic-Aromatic-Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS, NIH, US EPA, NIST, UNIV NEBRASKA MED CTR, EPPLEY INST RES CANC & ALLIED DIS, ELECT POWER RES INST, MILLIPORE WATER CHROMATOG DIV & STRATAGENE DE NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE; IN-VITRO METABOLISM; DNA ADDUCT; TUMORIGENICITY; DIOL-EPOXIDE ID 3-NITROBENZOPYRENE C1 PROVIDENCE UNIV,INST APPL CHEM,TAICHUNG,TAIWAN. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 6 IS 1-4 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1080/10406639408031169 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PG342 UT WOS:A1994PG34200010 ER PT J AU HERRENOSAENZ, D HEFLICH, RH VONTUNGELN, LS LEWTAS, J FU, PP AF HERRENOSAENZ, D HEFLICH, RH VONTUNGELN, LS LEWTAS, J FU, PP TI DNA ADDUCT FORMATION BY 2-NITROFLUORANTHENE IN SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM AND NEONATAL B6C3F1 MICE SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds/1st Biennial Meeting of the International-Society-for-Polycyclic-Aromatic-Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS, NIH, US EPA, NIST, UNIV NEBRASKA MED CTR, EPPLEY INST RES CANC & ALLIED DIS, ELECT POWER RES INST, MILLIPORE WATER CHROMATOG DIV & STRATAGENE DE DNA ADDUCTS; 2-NITROFLUORANTHENE; NITRATED POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; P-32-POSTLABELING ID PARTICULATE ORGANIC-MATTER; 2-NITROPYRENE; FLUORANTHENE C1 NCTR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. US EPA,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 6 IS 1-4 BP 79 EP 85 DI 10.1080/10406639408031170 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PG342 UT WOS:A1994PG34200011 ER PT J AU CHOU, MW CHEN, W NICHOLS, J ZHOU, YG HART, RW CHUNG, KT AF CHOU, MW CHEN, W NICHOLS, J ZHOU, YG HART, RW CHUNG, KT TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON THE METABOLISM OF BENZO[A]PYRENE (BAP) AND THE FORMATION OF BAP-DNA ADDUCTS IN MALE FISCHER-344 RATS SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds/1st Biennial Meeting of the International-Society-for-Polycyclic-Aromatic-Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS, NIH, US EPA, NIST, UNIV NEBRASKA MED CTR, EPPLEY INST RES CANC & ALLIED DIS, ELECT POWER RES INST, MILLIPORE WATER CHROMATOG DIV & STRATAGENE DE CALORIC RESTRICTION; BENZO[A]PYRENE (BAP); RAT LIVER MICROSOMES; DNA BINDING; BAP-DNA ADDUCT; BAP METABOLISM ID FOOD RESTRICTION; INDUCTION; ENZYMES; BINDING; SYSTEM C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. MEMPHIS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MEMPHIS,TN 38152. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 6 IS 1-4 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1080/10406639408031176 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PG342 UT WOS:A1994PG34200017 ER PT J AU YANG, DTC CHOU, A CHEN, E CHIU, LH NI, YC AF YANG, DTC CHOU, A CHEN, E CHIU, LH NI, YC TI PHOTODECOMPOSITION OF ENVIRONMENTAL NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS SO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds CY SEP 08-11, 1993 CL LAKE OZARKS, MO SP INT SOC POLYCYCL AROMAT COMPOUNDS DE NITRO-POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE; NITROPYRENE; NITROANTHRACENE; PHOTODECOMPOSITION; MUTAGENICITY ID 1-NITROPYRENE C1 UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT CHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72204. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 1040-6638 J9 POLYCYCL AROMAT COMP JI Polycycl. Aromat. Compd. PY 1994 VL 5 IS 1-4 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.1080/10406639408015172 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA PD544 UT WOS:A1994PD54400023 ER PT J AU SAGRIPANTI, JL HUGHESDILLON, MK AF SAGRIPANTI, JL HUGHESDILLON, MK TI STABILITY OF 5 PLASTICS USED IN MEDICAL DEVICES TO OXIDATION PRODUCED BY COPPER OR IRON IONS AND REDUCING AGENTS SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article ID DNA DAMAGE; BRONCHOSCOPY; OUTBREAK; PEROXIDE; VIRUS AB Metal-based formulations containing Cu(II) or Fe(III) ions plus a reducing agent, have been shown to be effective microbicidal agents and suggested for liquid disinfection or sterilization of reusable medical devices. In this study, we examined, by optical and scanning electron microscopy, the stability of five polymeric materials, commonly used in the manufacture of implantable, exploratory, and other medical devices, to oxidative challenge by metal-based formulations. No damage of any of the polymers could be attributed to repeated treatment with metal-based formulations under 'in use' conditions. However, a poly(vinyl acetate-vinyl chloride) copolymer (PVC) was found to be unstable to 10 wetting/drying cycles. The polymers were also challenged once for a longer time, at higher temperature, and with reagents at concentrations far exceeding those expected to be used in disinfecting medical devices. The only damage observed after this 'accelerated' testing consisted in minor pitting, or erosion, observed in polyamide and polyurethane samples exposed to formulations containing Fe(III) ions. Our results after 'in-use' and 'accelerated' testing indicate that silicone rubber, polyethylene, polyamide, and polyurethane polymers should be stable to treatment with Cu(II) plus hydrogen peroxide or ascorbic acid under conditions likely to be encountered in the decontamination of medical devices. The stability of these polymeric materials suggests the feasibility of using metal-based formulations for repeated disinfection of a broad range of medical devices without deleterious effects on the polymeric components. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP SAGRIPANTI, JL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV LIFE SCI,HFZ-113,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 1994 VL 46 IS 2 BP 241 EP 246 DI 10.1016/0141-3910(94)90056-6 PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA PZ471 UT WOS:A1994PZ47100012 ER PT S AU LIU, TY MINETTI, CAS FORTESDIAS, CL LIU, T LIN, LW LIN, Y AF LIU, TY MINETTI, CAS FORTESDIAS, CL LIU, T LIN, LW LIN, Y BE Beck, G Cooper, EL Habicht, GS Marchalonis, JJ TI C-REACTIVE PROTEINS, LIMUNECTIN, LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-BINDING PROTEIN, AND COAGULIN - MOLECULES WITH LECTIN AND AGGLUTININ ACTIVITIES FROM LIMULUS-POLYPHEMUS SO PRIMORDIAL IMMUNITY: FOUNDATIONS FOR THE VERTEBRATE IMMUNE SYSTEM SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Primordial Immunity: Foundations for the Vertebrate Immune System CY MAY 02-05, 1993 CL WOODS HOLE, MA SP NEW YORK ACAD SCI ID INHIBITORY ACTIVITY; CELL-ADHESION; SEQUENCE; CDNA; FIBRONECTIN; SIMILARITY; AMEBOCYTES; SURFACE; ACID; DNA RP LIU, TY (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF VACCINES RES & REVIEW,DIV ALLERGEN PROD & PARASITOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. RI Fortes-Dias, Consuelo/I-4896-2012; Minetti, Conceicao/B-5077-2009 OI Fortes-Dias, Consuelo/0000-0002-4494-5108; Minetti, Conceicao/0000-0002-9682-2898 NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-839-1 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1994 VL 712 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb33569.x PG 9 WC Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Zoology SC Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Zoology GA BA22R UT WOS:A1994BA22R00013 PM 8192328 ER PT B AU KANTOR, G ALON, G HO, HS AF KANTOR, G ALON, G HO, HS BE Sheppard, NF Eden, M Kantor, G TI SIMULATED TISSUE LOADS FOR TESTING OF TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL STIMULATORS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 16TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY - ENGINEERING ADVANCES: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS, PTS 1&2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society on Engineering Advances: New Opportunities for Biomedical Engineers CY NOV 03-06, 1994 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP IEEE, ENGN MED & BIOL SOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-2050-6 PY 1994 BP 784 EP 785 DI 10.1109/IEMBS.1994.415291 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA BC56Q UT WOS:A1994BC56Q00391 ER PT B AU WITTERS, DM RUGGERA, PS AF WITTERS, DM RUGGERA, PS BE Sheppard, NF Eden, M Kantor, G TI ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) OF POWERED WHEELCHAIRS AND SCOOTERS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 16TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY - ENGINEERING ADVANCES: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS, PTS 1&2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society on Engineering Advances: New Opportunities for Biomedical Engineers CY NOV 03-06, 1994 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP IEEE, ENGN MED & BIOL SOC C1 US FDA,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-2050-6 PY 1994 BP 894 EP 895 DI 10.1109/IEMBS.1994.415200 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA BC56Q UT WOS:A1994BC56Q00447 ER PT B AU BASSEN, H RUGGERA, P CASAMENTO, J WITTERS, D AF BASSEN, H RUGGERA, P CASAMENTO, J WITTERS, D BE Sheppard, NF Eden, M Kantor, G TI SOURCES OF RADIOFREQUENCY INTERFERENCE FOR MEDICAL DEVICES IN THE NONCLINICAL ENVIRONMENT SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 16TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY - ENGINEERING ADVANCES: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS, PTS 1&2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society on Engineering Advances: New Opportunities for Biomedical Engineers CY NOV 03-06, 1994 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP IEEE, ENGN MED & BIOL SOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-2050-6 PY 1994 BP 896 EP 897 DI 10.1109/IEMBS.1994.415201 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA BC56Q UT WOS:A1994BC56Q00448 ER PT S AU WOODS, TO REGNAULT, WF AF WOODS, TO REGNAULT, WF GP SOC EXPTL MECH TI Mechanical testing and behavior of intracranial aneurysm clips SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1994 SEM SPRING CONFERENCE ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1994 SEM Spring Conference on Experimental Mechanics CY JUN 06-08, 1994 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP Soc Exptl Mech C1 US FDA,DIV MECH & MAT SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS INC PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL ST, BETHEL, CT 06801 SN 1046-672X BN 0-912053-46-1 J9 P INT CONG EXPERIT M PY 1994 BP 49 EP 55 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Composites; Optics; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics; Optics; Polymer Science GA BD88E UT WOS:A1994BD88E00007 ER PT B AU GIRI, CP OGAWA, H SPILLARE, B HARRIS, CC AF GIRI, CP OGAWA, H SPILLARE, B HARRIS, CC BE Rao, RS Deo, MG Sanghvi, LD Mittra, I TI CDNA SUBTRACTION LIBRARY CONSTRUCTION APPROACH TO MOLECULARLY CLONE TGFB1-INDUCIBLE GENES AS CDNAS OF 14-17 KBP FROM HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XVI INTERNATIONAL CANCER CONGRESS - FREE PAPERS AND POSTERS, TOMES 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XVI International Cancer Congress CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NEW DELHI, INDIA RP GIRI, CP (reprint author), US FDA,LAUREL,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MONDUZZI EDITORE PI 40128 BOLOGNA PA VIA FERRARESE 119/2, 40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY BN 88-323-1030-9 PY 1994 BP 189 EP 195 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA BD09K UT WOS:A1994BD09K00037 ER PT B AU LAVU, S SRIVASTAVA, M KORNHAUSER, A SRIVASTAVA, S AF LAVU, S SRIVASTAVA, M KORNHAUSER, A SRIVASTAVA, S BE Rao, RS Deo, MG Sanghvi, LD Mittra, I TI STATUS OF THE TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE P53 IN XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM FIBROBLASTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE XVI INTERNATIONAL CANCER CONGRESS - FREE PAPERS AND POSTERS, TOMES 1-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XVI International Cancer Congress CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NEW DELHI, INDIA RP LAVU, S (reprint author), US FDA,LAUREL,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MONDUZZI EDITORE PI 40128 BOLOGNA PA VIA FERRARESE 119/2, 40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY BN 88-323-1030-9 PY 1994 BP 2457 EP 2461 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA BD09K UT WOS:A1994BD09K00485 ER PT J AU JENSEN, PS VITIELLO, B LEONARD, H LAUGHREN, TP AF JENSEN, PS VITIELLO, B LEONARD, H LAUGHREN, TP TI CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY - EXPANDING THE RESEARCH BASE SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd NCDEU Meeting CY JUN 01-04, 1993 CL BOCA RATON, FL SP NIMH, DIV CLIN & TREATMENT RES, NEW CLIN DRUG EVALUAT UNIT DE CHILD PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY; MEDICATION DEVELOPMENT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY ID EFFICACY C1 NIH,DIV INTRAMURAL RES PROGRAMS,CHILD PSYCHIAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV NEUROPHARMACOL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP JENSEN, PS (reprint author), NIMH,DIV CLIN & TREATMENT RES,CHILD & ADOLESCENT DISRODERS RES BRANCH,ROOM 18C-17,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. OI Jensen, Peter/0000-0003-2387-0650 NR 5 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1994 VL 30 IS 1 BP 3 EP 8 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA PE048 UT WOS:A1994PE04800002 PM 7972627 ER PT J AU LEBER, P AF LEBER, P TI PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC MEDICATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM WORKSHOP ON NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS - NEUROTOXICITY EVALUATION - INTRODUCTION SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material DE NMDA ANTAGONISTS; ISCHEMIA; NEUROTOXICITY; NEUROPROTECTION RP LEBER, P (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 527 EP 532 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA RQ450 UT WOS:A1994RQ45000003 PM 7770616 ER PT J AU PAULE, MG AF PAULE, MG TI ACUTE BEHAVIORAL TOXICITY OF MK-801 AND PHENCYCLIDINE - EFFECTS ON RHESUS-MONKEY PERFORMANCE IN AN OPERANT TEST BATTERY SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE LEARNING; MEMORY; TIME PERCEPTION; COLOR AND POSITION DISCRIMINATION; MOTIVATION AB Monkey performance of operant tasks was used to model several brain functions and monitor the acute effects of MK-801 and phencyclidine (PCP), MK-801 is a relatively selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, while PCP is an NMDA antagonist that is also active at sigma opiate receptors. A comparison of these drugs' effects may indicate the relative importance of certain neurotransmitter receptor systems for specific behaviors, Learning and time perception behaviors are more sensitive (affected at lower doses) to the disruptive effects of MK-801 than are behaviors that model short-term memory, motivation, and color and position discrimination. Such selective disruption was not obtained for PCP: learning, short-term memory and attention, time perception, and motivation tasks are all equally sensitive to disruption, These findings suggest that specific brain functions are differentially affected by modulation of the NMDA and sigma opiate systems. RP PAULE, MG (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,BEHAV TOXICOL LAB,3900 NCTR RD,HFT-132,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1994 VL 30 IS 4 BP 613 EP 621 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA RQ450 UT WOS:A1994RQ45000014 PM 7770627 ER PT B AU Billy, TJ AF Billy, TJ BE Sylvia, G Shriver, AL Morrissey, MT TI Report from the Office of Seafood: An issues update SO QUALITY CONTROL & QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR SEAFOOD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quality Control and Quality Assurance for Seafood CY MAY 16-18, 1993 CL NEWPORT, OR SP Pacific NW Seafood Assoc, Oregon Econ Dev Dept C1 US FDA,OFF SEAFOOD,WASHINGTON,DC 20005. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OREGON SEA GRANT PI CORVALLIS PA OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES A402, CORVALLIS, OR 97331-2134 BN 1-881826-08-2 PY 1994 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology SC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology GA BE54H UT WOS:A1994BE54H00001 ER PT B AU Lowell, R AF Lowell, R BE Sylvia, G Shriver, AL Morrissey, MT TI Food and Drug Administration inspection programs for seafood SO QUALITY CONTROL & QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR SEAFOOD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quality Control and Quality Assurance for Seafood CY MAY 16-18, 1993 CL NEWPORT, OR SP Pacific NW Seafood Assoc, Oregon Econ Dev Dept C1 US FDA,BOTHELL,WA 98041. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OREGON SEA GRANT PI CORVALLIS PA OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES A402, CORVALLIS, OR 97331-2134 BN 1-881826-08-2 PY 1994 BP 39 EP 43 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology SC Fisheries; Food Science & Technology GA BE54H UT WOS:A1994BE54H00007 ER PT B AU MIED, PA AF MIED, PA BE Spencer, RC Wright, EP Newsom, SWB TI US REGULATIONS FOR THE APPROVAL OF LABORATORY TESTS FOR THE DETECTION OF HEPATITIS AND RETROVIRUSES AND FOR INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE MEASUREMENTS SO RAPID METHODS AND AUTOMATION IN MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Congress on Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology and Immunology (RAMI-93) CY 1993 CL LONDON, ENGLAND C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF BLOOD RES & REVIEW,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTERCEPT LTD PI ANDOVER PA PO BOX 716, ANDOVER, HANTS, ENGLAND SP10 1YG BN 0-946707-78-2 PY 1994 BP 45 EP 53 PG 9 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA BA26V UT WOS:A1994BA26V00006 ER PT B AU BENNETT, RW AF BENNETT, RW BE Spencer, RC Wright, EP Newsom, SWB TI UREA RENATURATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL-ENTEROTOXIN SO RAPID METHODS AND AUTOMATION IN MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Congress on Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology and Immunology (RAMI-93) CY 1993 CL LONDON, ENGLAND C1 US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERCEPT LTD PI ANDOVER PA PO BOX 716, ANDOVER, HANTS, ENGLAND SP10 1YG BN 0-946707-78-2 PY 1994 BP 401 EP 411 PG 11 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA BA26V UT WOS:A1994BA26V00044 ER PT S AU CEBULA, TA PAYNE, WL FENG, P AF CEBULA, TA PAYNE, WL FENG, P BE Karmali, MA Goglio, AG TI MAMA/MULTIPLEX-PCR - A SPECIFIC MEANS FOR SHIGA-LIKE TOXIN TYPING AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE O157-H7 SEROTYPE SO RECENT ADVANCES IN VEROCYTOTOXIN-PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI INFECTIONS SE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium and Workshop on Verocytotoxin (Shiga-like Toxin)-Producing Escherichia Coli Infections CY JUN 27-30, 1994 CL BERGAMO, ITALY SP Assoc Microbiol Clin Italiani, Hosp Sick Children, Res Inst, Toronto, Ospedali Riuniti, Bergamo, Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Bergamo, Ist Super Sanita, Roma, Lois Joy Galler Fdn Hemolyt Urem Syndrome Inc, New York, US Israael Binatl Sci Fdn C1 US FDA, CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0531-5131 BN 0-444-81840-5 J9 INT CONGR SER JI Int. Congr. Ser. PY 1994 VL 1072 BP 105 EP 108 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BC58C UT WOS:A1994BC58C00025 ER PT S AU MARCUSSEKURA, CJ AF MARCUSSEKURA, CJ BE Brown, F TI REGULATORY ISSUES RELATING TO THE USE OF RECOMBINANT VECTORS IN PRODUCTION OF HUMAN VACCINES SO RECOMBINANT VECTORS IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT SE DEVELOPMENTS IN BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recombinant Vectors in Vaccine Development CY MAY 23-26, 1993 CL ALBANY, NY SP NUCL ACID TECHNOL FDN, INT ASSOC BIOL STAND, US FDA, USDA ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV, NIAID C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,OFF VACCINES RES & REVIEW,BETHESDA,MD. RP MARCUSSEKURA, CJ (reprint author), BIOTECHNOL ASSESSMENT SERV INC,7413 OTTENBROOK TERRACE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-5149 BN 3-8055-5997-6 J9 DEV BIOL STAND JI Dev.Biol.Stand. PY 1994 VL 82 BP 107 EP 112 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Immunology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Immunology; Virology GA BA82W UT WOS:A1994BA82W00012 PM 7958464 ER PT S AU LIU, DT AF LIU, DT BE Kurth, R Haustein, D Rode, H TI Regulation of allergenic products in the USA; CBER initiatives SO REGULATORY CONTROL AND STANDARDIZATION OF ALLERGENIC EXTRACTS SE ARBEITEN AUS DEM PAUL-EHRLICH-INSTITUT (BUNDESANT FUR SERA UND IMPFSTOFFE), DEM GEORG-SPEYER-HAUS UND DEM FERDINAND-BLUM-INSTITUT ZU FRANKFURT A.M. LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Paul Ehrlich Seminar CY SEP 07-10, 1993 CL LANGEN, GERMANY SP Paul Ehrlich Inst C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV ALLERGEN PROD & PARASITOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART 70 PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, W-7000 STUTTGART 70, GERMANY SN 0936-8671 BN 3-437-11622-3 J9 ARB PEI GSH PY 1994 VL 87 BP 7 EP 12 PG 6 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA BD88X UT WOS:A1994BD88X00001 ER PT S AU TURKELTAUB, PC AF TURKELTAUB, PC BE Kurth, R Haustein, D Rode, H TI Use of skin testing for evaluation of potency, composition, and stability of allergenic products SO REGULATORY CONTROL AND STANDARDIZATION OF ALLERGENIC EXTRACTS SE ARBEITEN AUS DEM PAUL-EHRLICH-INSTITUT (BUNDESANT FUR SERA UND IMPFSTOFFE), DEM GEORG-SPEYER-HAUS UND DEM FERDINAND-BLUM-INSTITUT ZU FRANKFURT A.M. LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Paul Ehrlich Seminar CY SEP 07-10, 1993 CL LANGEN, GERMANY SP Paul Ehrlich Inst C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART 70 PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, W-7000 STUTTGART 70, GERMANY SN 0936-8671 BN 3-437-11622-3 J9 ARB PEI GSH PY 1994 VL 87 BP 79 EP 87 PG 9 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA BD88X UT WOS:A1994BD88X00008 ER PT S AU DEVRIES, YL AF DEVRIES, YL BE Kurth, R Haustein, D Rode, H TI Production and testing of allergenic extracts for diagnostic and therapeutic use in humans: Regulatory considerations SO REGULATORY CONTROL AND STANDARDIZATION OF ALLERGENIC EXTRACTS SE ARBEITEN AUS DEM PAUL-EHRLICH-INSTITUT (BUNDESANT FUR SERA UND IMPFSTOFFE), DEM GEORG-SPEYER-HAUS UND DEM FERDINAND-BLUM-INSTITUT ZU FRANKFURT A.M. LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Paul Ehrlich Seminar CY SEP 07-10, 1993 CL LANGEN, GERMANY SP Paul Ehrlich Inst C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART 70 PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, W-7000 STUTTGART 70, GERMANY SN 0936-8671 BN 3-437-11622-3 J9 ARB PEI GSH PY 1994 VL 87 BP 199 EP 202 PG 4 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA BD88X UT WOS:A1994BD88X00017 ER PT S AU BERKOWER, I AF BERKOWER, I BE Kurth, R Haustein, D Rode, H TI Synthetic T cell epitope peptides used for desensitization: Theoretical and clinical considerations SO REGULATORY CONTROL AND STANDARDIZATION OF ALLERGENIC EXTRACTS SE ARBEITEN AUS DEM PAUL-EHRLICH-INSTITUT (BUNDESANT FUR SERA UND IMPFSTOFFE), DEM GEORG-SPEYER-HAUS UND DEM FERDINAND-BLUM-INSTITUT ZU FRANKFURT A.M. LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Paul Ehrlich Seminar CY SEP 07-10, 1993 CL LANGEN, GERMANY SP Paul Ehrlich Inst C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOREGULAT LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART 70 PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, W-7000 STUTTGART 70, GERMANY SN 0936-8671 BN 3-437-11622-3 J9 ARB PEI GSH PY 1994 VL 87 BP 251 EP 256 PG 6 WC Allergy SC Allergy GA BD88X UT WOS:A1994BD88X00023 ER PT B AU CHIACCHIERINI, RP AF CHIACCHIERINI, RP BE Grundfest, WS TI MEDICAL DEVICE CLINICAL TRIAL DESIGN, CONDUCT, AND ANALYSIS SO ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE COST OF HEALTH CARE: HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY POLICY I SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Health Care Technology Policy I - The Role of Technology in the Cost of Health Care CY APR 27-29, 1994 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP IEEE, USA ACTIV BOARD, WHITAKER FDN, MEDALLIONS CHARITABLE FUND, SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, HAMAMATSU CORP C1 CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV BIOMETR SCI,OSB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1631-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2307 BP 278 EP 285 DI 10.1117/12.195457 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA BC03K UT WOS:A1994BC03K00031 ER PT B AU REAMER, L AF REAMER, L BE Grundfest, WS TI PROBLEMS CAUSED BY REGULATORY DELAYS AND LACK OF REGULATION SO ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE COST OF HEALTH CARE: HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY POLICY I SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Health Care Technology Policy I - The Role of Technology in the Cost of Health Care CY APR 27-29, 1994 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP IEEE, USA ACTIV BOARD, WHITAKER FDN, MEDALLIONS CHARITABLE FUND, SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, HAMAMATSU CORP C1 US FDA,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV CARDIOVASC RESP & NEUROL DEVICES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1631-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2307 BP 297 EP 300 DI 10.1117/12.195459 PG 4 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA BC03K UT WOS:A1994BC03K00033 ER PT B AU YIN, L AF YIN, L BE Grundfest, WS TI TRAINING AND EDUCATION OF REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS TO INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCTION SO ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE COST OF HEALTH CARE: HEALTH CARE TECHNOLOGY POLICY I SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Health Care Technology Policy I - The Role of Technology in the Cost of Health Care CY APR 27-29, 1994 CL ARLINGTON, VA SP IEEE, USA ACTIV BOARD, WHITAKER FDN, MEDALLIONS CHARITABLE FUND, SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, HAMAMATSU CORP C1 US FDA,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1631-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2307 BP 370 EP 377 DI 10.1117/12.195468 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA BC03K UT WOS:A1994BC03K00041 ER PT J AU CAREY, RF AF CAREY, RF TI CONDOM SAFETY AND HIV - IN RESPONSE SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Letter RP CAREY, RF (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 21 IS 1 BP 60 EP 60 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA MU295 UT WOS:A1994MU29500014 ER PT B AU KATZPER, M AF KATZPER, M BE Anderson, JG Katzper, M TI VISUAL PROGRAMMING OF PHARMACOMETRIC MODELS SO SIMULATION IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1994 WESTERN MULTICONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Western Multiconference - Simulation in the Health Sciences CY JAN 24-26, 1994 CL TEMPE, AZ SP SOC COMP SIMULAT C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVAL & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION INT PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 BN 1-56555-068-4 PY 1994 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Policy & Services; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science GA BB73Q UT WOS:A1994BB73Q00015 ER PT B AU KATZPER, M HALE, VG BORGA, O HARTER, JG AF KATZPER, M HALE, VG BORGA, O HARTER, JG BE Anderson, JG Katzper, M TI HEURISTIC MODELING OF SULINDAC PHARMACOKINETICS SO SIMULATION IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1994 WESTERN MULTICONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Western Multiconference - Simulation in the Health Sciences CY JAN 24-26, 1994 CL TEMPE, AZ SP SOC COMP SIMULAT C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION INT PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 BN 1-56555-068-4 PY 1994 BP 107 EP 112 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Policy & Services; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science GA BB73Q UT WOS:A1994BB73Q00020 ER PT B AU HAMMERSTROM, T AF HAMMERSTROM, T BE Anderson, JG Katzper, M TI SIMULATING MODELS FOR RECORD LINKAGE DATA AND POTENTIAL BIASES IN RELATIVE RISK ESTIMATES SO SIMULATION IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1994 WESTERN MULTICONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Western Multiconference - Simulation in the Health Sciences CY JAN 24-26, 1994 CL TEMPE, AZ SP SOC COMP SIMULAT C1 US FDA,DIV BIOMETR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION INT PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 BN 1-56555-068-4 PY 1994 BP 120 EP 125 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Policy & Services; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science GA BB73Q UT WOS:A1994BB73Q00022 ER PT B AU LIEBERMAN, R LUDDEN, T MCMICHAEL, J STARZL, T AF LIEBERMAN, R LUDDEN, T MCMICHAEL, J STARZL, T BE Anderson, JG Katzper, M TI PHARMACODYNAMIC MODELS, CONTINUOUS (SURROGATE) ENDPOINTS AND COMPUTER SIMULATIONS - AN ANALYSIS OF DOSE AND CONCENTRATION CONTROLLED TRIAL DESIGNS SO SIMULATION IN THE HEALTH SCIENCES: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1994 WESTERN MULTICONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Western Multiconference - Simulation in the Health Sciences CY JAN 24-26, 1994 CL TEMPE, AZ SP SOC COMP SIMULAT C1 US FDA,COLL STAFF,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC COMPUTER SIMULATION INT PI SAN DIEGO PA PO BOX 17900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92177 BN 1-56555-068-4 PY 1994 BP 137 EP 142 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Policy & Services; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Information Science & Library Science GA BB73Q UT WOS:A1994BB73Q00024 ER PT J AU CHEN, JJ LI, LA AF CHEN, JJ LI, LA TI DOSE-RESPONSE MODELING OF TRINOMIAL RESPONSES FROM DEVELOPMENTAL EXPERIMENTS SO STATISTICA SINICA LA English DT Article DE BETA-BINOMIAL; DIRICHLET-TRINOMIAL; INTRALITTER CORRELATION; QUASI-LIKELIHOOD ID TOXICOLOGICAL EXPERIMENTS; LINEAR-MODELS; TOXICITY AB Two frequently used toxicity endpoints for evaluation of developmental effects are the proportion of deaths/resorptions and the proportion of malformations. Either a double beta-binomial model or a Dirichlet-trinomial model can be used to model the two developmental endpoints in the presence of intralitter correlation. Both models assume that the proportion of death/resorption and the proportion of malformation are two independent developmental effects. A quasi-likelihood model is proposed under both double beta-binomial and Dirichlet-trinomial variations. This approach allows for modeling a dependency between the two proportions. The examples are given for illustration. C1 ACAD SINICA,INST STAT SCI,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. RP CHEN, JJ (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU STATISTICA SINICA PI WINNIPEG PA C/O DR S W CHENG,MANAG EDITOR DEPT STAT UNIV MANTOBA, WINNIPEG MB R3T 2N2, CANADA SN 1017-0405 J9 STAT SINICA JI Stat. Sin. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 4 IS 1 BP 265 EP 274 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA ND382 UT WOS:A1994ND38200015 ER PT B AU ANTHONY, BF AF ANTHONY, BF GP ABBOTT LAB, ROSS PROD DIV TI REGULATORY ASPECTS OF CURRENT VACCINES AND DEVELOPMENT OF NEW VACCINES SO STRATEGIES FOR PEDIATRIC VACCINES: CONVENTIONAL AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES: REPORT OF THE 104TH ROSS CONFERENCE ON PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 104th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research - Strategies for Pediatric Vaccines: Conventional and Molecular Approaches CY SEP 18-21, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP ABBOTT LAB, ROSS PROD DIV C1 US FDA,PUBL HLTH SERV,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROSS PRODUCTS DIV ABBOTT LABORATORIES PI COLUMBUS PA COLUMBUS, OH 43215-1724 PY 1994 BP 253 EP 256 PG 4 WC Immunology; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Pediatrics GA BC29F UT WOS:A1994BC29F00029 ER PT S AU BLOCK, E CALVEY, EM AF BLOCK, E CALVEY, EM BE Mussinan, CJ Keelan, ME TI FACTS AND ARTIFACTS IN ALLIUM CHEMISTRY SO SULFUR COMPOUNDS IN FOODS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Sulfur Compounds in Foods, at the 206th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 22-27, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; L VARIETY CAESPITOSUM; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS; VOLATILE CONSTITUENTS; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; GARLIC PRODUCTS; CHINESE CHIVE; HPLC ANALYSIS; ESSENTIAL OIL AB Problems associated with distinguishing genuine genus Allium flavorants from artifacts formed by analytical methods and sampling techniques are considered. For flavorant isolation and extraction, methods such as supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and room temperature steam distillation are recommended. For determination of thermally unstable thiosulfinate esters and their breakdown products, methods such as gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), as well as GC-mass spectrometry (MS), LC-MS and SFC-MS, each have strengths and weaknesses. These techniques have been used to study the stereospecificity associated with biogenesis of Allium sulfinyl flavorants; the effects of sulfur fertility on the pungency of hydroponically cultivated onions; and the decomposition of garlic and onion distilled oil components, bis(2-propenyl) disulfide and bis(1-propenyl) disulfide, respectively. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP BLOCK, E (reprint author), SUNY ALBANY,DEPT CHEM,ALBANY,NY 12222, USA. RI Block, Eric/D-3989-2014 NR 40 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-2943-0 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1994 VL 564 BP 63 EP 79 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA BB10R UT WOS:A1994BB10R00006 ER PT J AU HANSEN, DK GRAFTON, TF AF HANSEN, DK GRAFTON, TF TI COMPARISON OF DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED EMBRYOTOXICITY IN-VITRO IN MOUSE AND RAT EMBRYOS SO TERATOGENESIS CARCINOGENESIS AND MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article DE DEXAMETHASONE; GLUCOCORTICOID; GROWTH RETARDATION; RODENT WHOLE EMBRYO CULTURE; SPECIES DIFFERENCES; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY ID INDUCED CLEFT-PALATE; H-2 HISTOCOMPATIBILITY REGION; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTORS; CORTICOSTERONE; CORTISOL; INVITRO; GROWTH; MICE; PHENYTOIN; PLASMA AB Previous work demonstrated that rat embryos were more susceptible to the growth retardation effect of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) in vivo than were mouse embryos. The purpose of this study was to examine this species difference using an in vitro system. Embryos of CD rats and CD-I mice were cultured in a whole embryo culture system with concentrations of DEX from 5 to 250 mu g/ml. Rat embryos were explanted on day 9 of gestation (GD 9: plug day = GD 0), while mouse embryos were removed on GD 8. After 48 h in culture, each viable embryo was evaluated for morphological score, and the number of somite pairs, crown-rump, and head lengths, as well as DNA and protein concentrations were determined. A reduced morphological score was observed for mouse embryos at 5 mu g DEX/ml, but a significant decrease in this parameter was only observed at DEX concentrations of greater than or equal to 100 mu g/ml in rat embryos. Significant reductions in the number of somite pairs were observed at 25 mu g/ml for mouse embryos and 100 mu g/ml for rat embryos. Crown-rump and head lengths as well as DNA and protein concentrations were significantly decreased at 100 mu g/ml in mouse embryos and 150 mu g/ml in rat embryos. Therefore, in vitro mouse embryos were adversely affected by lower concentrations of DEX than were rat embryos for each of the six end points examined in this study. This species sensitivity in vitro could be due to inherent genetic differences or to the slightly different developmental stages evaluated using the culture system. The species sensitivity observed in vivo may be due to a maternal difference in the pharmacodynamics of the drug. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. RP HANSEN, DK (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,3900 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU FDA HHS [FDA 224-89-0008] NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0270-3211 J9 TERATOGEN CARCIN MUT JI Teratogenesis Carcinog. Mutagen. PY 1994 VL 14 IS 6 BP 281 EP 289 DI 10.1002/tcm.1770140605 PG 9 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA QH229 UT WOS:A1994QH22900004 PM 7709365 ER PT S AU LIN, LJ AF LIN, LJ BE Parliment, TH Morello, MJ McGorrin, RJ TI REGULATORY STATUS OF MAILLARD REACTION FLAVORS SO THERMALLY GENERATED FLAVORS: MAILLARD, MICROWAVE, AND EXTRUSION PROCESSES SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Thermally Generated Flavors: Maillard, Microwave, and Extrusion Processes, at the 204th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV AGR & FOOD CHEM ID PRODUCTS; AMINES AB Maillard reaction flavors have been introduced into the food supply based on manufacturers' conclusions that the scientific community has considered them to be GRAS. At the present time, FDA does not have enough information to disagree with such conclusions. An analytical method is being developed to determine the amounts and identities of heterocyclic amines which may be present in those flavors. This information is needed to clarify the GRAS status of Maillard reaction flavors. RP LIN, LJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-2742-X J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1994 VL 543 BP 7 EP 15 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA BA14Q UT WOS:A1994BA14Q00002 ER PT B AU LESTER, DS AF LESTER, DS BE Lakowicz, JR TI INCORPORATION OF FLUORESCENTLY-LABELED LIPIDS INTO LIVING BRAIN-SLICES SO TIME-RESOLVED LASER SPECTROSCOPY IN BIOCHEMISTRY IV, PROCEEDINGS OF SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Biennial Conference on Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Biochemistry CY JAN 24-26, 1994 CL LOS ANGELES, CA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, BRIMROSE CORP, COHERENT LASER GR, HAMAMATSU CORP, ISS, INC, LASER FOCUS WORLD, ICONIX, PHOTON SPECTRA, PROGRAMMED TEST SOURCES, INC, SLM INSTRUMENTS, INC, SPECTRA PHYS LASERS, SPEX IND C1 CDER,FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1432-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1994 VL 2137 BP 39 EP 48 DI 10.1117/12.182742 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy GA BB27F UT WOS:A1994BB27F00004 ER PT J AU WHITEHURST, VE JOSEPH, X ALLEVA, FR VICK, JA WHITTAKER, P ZHANG, J FRY, BE BALAZS, T AF WHITEHURST, VE JOSEPH, X ALLEVA, FR VICK, JA WHITTAKER, P ZHANG, J FRY, BE BALAZS, T TI ENHANCEMENT OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL LESIONS BY ASTHMA DRUGS IN RATS SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BETA-AGONISTS; METHYLXANTHINES; HEAVY RATS; MYOCARDIAL NECROSIS; SERUM IONS AB Asthma morbidity and mortality have risen significantly in the last 10 years. The reasons for the increase are multifactorial. One proposed explanation is possible myocardial toxicity arising from the use of beta-agonists alone or in combination with methylxanthines. Previous studies have shown that beta-agonists given alone and beta-agonist/methylxanthine combinations given at higher than recommended clinical doses induced dose-related cardiotoxicity and sudden death in rats. The objective of the present study was to determine whether or not beta-agonists given alone and in combination with methylxanthines at recommended clinical doses also induce cardiotoxicity and sudden death in rats. The beta-agonists, isoproterenol hydrochloride (15 mug/kg), fenoterol hydrobromide (40 mug/kg), and terbutaline hemisulfate (0.4 mg/kg) were given in single sc doses separately and concurrently with the methylxanthines aminophylline hydrate (20 mg/kg) and caffeine (40 mg/kg), which were given ip to a susceptible animal model, the heavy Sprague-Dawley rat. Beta-agonist-induced myocardial toxicity (necrosis) was observed. The toxicity was enhanced by aminophylline resulting in the sudden death (most likely due to ventricular fibrillation) of some animals. A decrease in serum iron levels was observed in rats of all beta-agonist and/or methylxanthine-treated groups. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP WHITEHURST, VE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,PARKLAWN BLDG,ROOM 17B45,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1994 VL 22 IS 1 BP 72 EP 76 PG 5 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA NP825 UT WOS:A1994NP82500010 PM 7915431 ER PT J AU UENG, TH UENG, YF CHOU, MW AF UENG, TH UENG, YF CHOU, MW TI REGIOSELECTIVE METABOLISM OF BENZO[A]PYRENE AND 7-CHLOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE BY FISH LIVER-MICROSOMES SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE BENZO[A]PYRENE; 7-CHLOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE; FISH LIVER MICROSOME ID POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TRANS-DIHYDRODIOL METABOLITES; STEREOSELECTIVE METABOLISM; RAINBOW-TROUT; ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATIONS; STENOTOMUS-CHRYSOPS; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; DIOL EPOXIDES; 7-BROMOBENZANTHRACENE; 3-METHYLCHOLANTHRENE AB Many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and chlorinated PAHs in the environment are potent mutagens and carcinogens. Using benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 7-chlorobenz[a]anthracene (7-Cl-BA) as representatives of PAHs and chlorinated PAHs, respectively, we studied the metabolism of these compounds in liver microsomes of Tilapia (Oreochromis hybrid), one of the most common fish in south Asia. The regioselective metabolism of BaP and 7-Cl-BA by the fish liver microsomes resulted in the formation of hydroxylated and trans-dihydrodiol metabolites of both BaP and 7-Cl-BA. The metabolites were purified by HPLC and identified by both UV/VIS and mass spectroscopic methods. The fish liver microsomes metabolized BaP to form BaP-7,8-dihydrodiol (11%), 3-hydroxy-BaP (17%), and 9-hydroxy-BaP (22%) as the major products and metabolized 7-Cl-BA to form 7-Cl-BA trans-8,9-dihydrodiol as the major metabolite (40%). The Tilapia liver microsomal P-450 enzyme activities were inducible by pretreatment with 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), which increased microsomal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activities by 74- and 360-fold, respectively. The induction of these enzymes by 3-MC was greater in fish microsomes than in rat liver. This study is the first to demonstrate the regioselective metabolism of BaP and 7-Cl-BA by fish liver microsomes. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL TAIWAN UNIV,COLL MED,INST TOXICOL,TAIPEI 10018,TAIWAN. NR 26 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0378-4274 J9 TOXICOL LETT JI Toxicol. Lett. PD JAN PY 1994 VL 70 IS 1 BP 89 EP 99 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA MV387 UT WOS:A1994MV38700010 PM 8310461 ER PT J AU SCOTT, ML VOAK, D PHILLIPS, PK HOPPE, PA KOCHMAN, SA AF SCOTT, ML VOAK, D PHILLIPS, PK HOPPE, PA KOCHMAN, SA TI REVIEW OF THE PROBLEMS INVOLVED IN USING ENZYMES IN BLOOD-GROUP SEROLOGY - PROVISION OF FREEZE-DRIED ICSH/ISBT PROTEASE ENZYME AND ANTI-D REFERENCE-STANDARDS SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Review ID PROTEOLYTIC-ENZYMES; PAPAIN AB Proteolytic enzyme preparations and techniques used routinely in blood group serology for the detection of atypical patient antibodies prior to transfusion vary widely and are often poorly standardised. Recent advances have been made in the use of biochemical methods to standardise and stabilise the potency of the enzyme preparations used. A joint working party of the International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) and the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) has investigated possibilities for the provision of standards for the protease preparations and techniques. The specification for these standards was that the performance of enzyme reference preparation in the reference technique should be of equivalent sensitivity to the ICSH/ISBT LISS spin indirect antiglobulin test using a titration series of a reference weak anti-D, and be free from false-positive reactions. The working party circulated materials for evaluation in inter-laboratory trials, followed by a laboratory workshop meeting to achieve agreement on the specification for reference materials and methods. Reference freeze-dried papain at 0.6 azoalbumin units and weak anti-D preparations (91/562) have been prepared and validated to meet these specifications. The performance of a test enzyme preparation in the technique for which it is recommended for use should be at least equal to that of the reference papain preparation, by the reference two-stage technique in terms of sensitivity, using a titration series of the reference anti-D, and freedom from false-positive reactions, using six fresh inert sera. The reference papain and weak anti-D can also be used to calibrate the level of proteolytic activity required in other procedures in blood group serology, such as new technology methods for antibody detection, and automated and microplate cell grouping procedures. These preparations and an agreed method for their use are now available from listed centres as ICSH/ISBT and Food and Drug Administration reference materials. C1 UNIV CAMBRIDGE,E ANGLIAN BLOOD TRANSFUS CTR,DIV TRANSFUS MED,CAMBRIDGE,ENGLAND. NATL INST BIOL STAND & CONTROLS,S MIMMS,HERTS,ENGLAND. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP SCOTT, ML (reprint author), INT BLOOD GRP REFERENCE LAB,SOUTHMEAD RD,BRISTOL BS10 5ND,AVON,ENGLAND. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1994 VL 67 IS 1 BP 89 EP 98 PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA NX717 UT WOS:A1994NX71700024 PM 7975466 ER PT J AU HEREDIA, A GUO, ZP YU, MW MASON, BL EPSTEIN, JS HEWLETT, IK AF HEREDIA, A GUO, ZP YU, MW MASON, BL EPSTEIN, JS HEWLETT, IK TI DETECTION OI HIV-1 BY RNA PCR IN FACTOR-VIII CONCENTRATES SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Letter ID PLASMA; HEAT C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,OFF BLOOD RES & REVIEW,DIV HEMATOL,PLASMA DERIVAT LAB,DTTD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. US FDA,DIV TRANSFUS & TRANSMITTED DIS,MOLEC VIROL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1994 VL 67 IS 4 BP 402 EP 403 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA PW922 UT WOS:A1994PW92200013 PM 7701813 ER PT J AU SORIANO, V DRONDA, F GONZALEZLOPEZ, A CHAVES, F BRAVO, R GUTIERREZ, M HEREDIA, A HEWLETT, I AF SORIANO, V DRONDA, F GONZALEZLOPEZ, A CHAVES, F BRAVO, R GUTIERREZ, M HEREDIA, A HEWLETT, I TI HIV-1 CAUSING AIDS AND DEATH IN A SERONEGATIVE INDIVIDUAL SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; INFECTION; ANTIBODY; PATIENT; COHORT; TYPE-1 C1 HOSP GEN PENITENCIARIO,DEPT MICROBIOL,MADRID,SPAIN. US FDA,CBER,MOLEC VIROL LAB,KENSINGTON,MD. RP SORIANO, V (reprint author), INST SALUD CARLOS 3,DEPT INFECT DIS,C RAFAEL CALVO 7,2 A,E-28010 MADRID,SPAIN. RI Chaves, Fernando/C-6176-2016 NR 11 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1994 VL 67 IS 4 BP 410 EP 411 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA PW922 UT WOS:A1994PW92200018 PM 7701817 ER PT J AU SORIANO, V GUTIERREZ, M HEREDIA, A BRAVO, R HEWLETT, I GONZALEZLAHOZ, J AF SORIANO, V GUTIERREZ, M HEREDIA, A BRAVO, R HEWLETT, I GONZALEZLAHOZ, J TI EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT SUPPLEMENTARY ASSAYS FOR THE CONFIRMATION OF HIV-1 AND HIV-2 INFECTIONS SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Letter ID WESTERN-BLOT; IMMUNODEFICIENCY C1 US FDA,CBER,MOLEC VIROL LAB,BETHESDA,MD. RP SORIANO, V (reprint author), INST SALUD CARLOS III,CTR INVEST CLIN,CALLE RAFAEL CALVO 7 2A,E-28010 MADRID,SPAIN. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1994 VL 66 IS 1 BP 82 EP 83 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MR731 UT WOS:A1994MR73100017 PM 8146990 ER PT B AU CLAUSING, P REUM, K BRUCKNER, R AF CLAUSING, P REUM, K BRUCKNER, R BE Bunyan, J TI SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR AFTER INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTION - A COMPARISON WITH THE DISTURBANCE INDEX METHOD SO WELFARE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Symposium of the Federation-of-European-Laboratory-Animal-Science-Associations - Welfare and Science CY JUN 08-11, 1993 CL BRIGHTON, ENGLAND SP FED EUROPEAN LAB ANIM SCI ASSOC, LAB ANIM SCI ASSOC C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS PI LONDON PA CHANDOS HOUSE, 2 QUEEN ANNE ST, LONDON, ENGLAND W1M 0BR BN 1-85315-240-4 PY 1994 BP 73 EP 76 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA BC83A UT WOS:A1994BC83A00017 ER PT J AU CASH, J ESSIEN, EM FURESZ, J GUST, I HARDEGREE, C JEFFCOATE, S LEMOINE, P LYNG, J MEDUNITSIN, NV HAIJUN, Z AF CASH, J ESSIEN, EM FURESZ, J GUST, I HARDEGREE, C JEFFCOATE, S LEMOINE, P LYNG, J MEDUNITSIN, NV HAIJUN, Z TI WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION, GENEVA, 13-20 OCTOBER 1992 SO WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE ON BIOLOGICAL STANDARDIZATION SE WHO TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES LA English DT Article ID TYPHOID-FEVER; VACCINE AB This report presents the recommendations of a WHO Expert Committee commissioned to coordinate activities leading to the adoption of international requirements for the production and control of vaccines and other biologicals and the establishment of international biological reference materials. The report starts with a discussion of general issues brought to the Committee's attention and provides information on the status and development of reference materials for various antibiotics, antibodies, antigens, blood products, cytokines, growth factors and endocrinological substances. The second part of the report, of particular relevance to manufacturers and national control authorities, contains three specific sets of requirements: for the collection, processing and quality control of blood, blood components and plasma derivatives; for Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine; and for measles, mumps, rubella and combined vaccines. Also included are amendments to the three sets of requirements concerned with rabies vaccines for human and veterinary use. C1 NATL INST MED RES,LAGOS,NIGERIA. BUR BIOLOG,DRUGS DIRECTORATE,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. CSL LTD,RES & DEV,PARKVILLE,VIC,AUSTRALIA. US FDA,CTR DRUGS & BIOL,OFF BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD. NATL INST BIOL STAND & CONTROLS,DEPT ENDOCRINOL,POTTERS BAR,HERTS,ENGLAND. INST HYG & EPIDEMIOL,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. STATENS SERUM INST,BIOL STANDARDIZAT LAB,DK-2300 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. MINIST HLTH,TARASEVICH STATE INST STANDARDIZAT & CONTROL MED,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. NATL INST CONTROL PHARMACEUT & BIOL PROD,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP CASH, J (reprint author), SCOTTISH NATL BLOOD TRANSFUS SERV,HEADQUARTERS MED UNIT,EDINBURGH,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA PA 1211 27 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 0512-3054 J9 WHO TECH REP SER PY 1994 VL 840 BP 1 EP 218 PG 218 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA BC83M UT WOS:A1994BC83M00001 ER PT B AU BARTON, AL AF BARTON, AL BE Kendall, RJ Lacher, TE TI ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE OFFICE-OF-PESTICIDE-PROGRAMS SO WILDLIFE TOXICOLOGY AND POPULATION MODELING: INTEGRATED STUDIES OF AGROECOSYSTEMS SE SETAC SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th Pellston Workshop on The Population Ecology and Wildlife Toxicology of Agricultural Pesticide Use: A Modeling Initiative for Avian Species CY JUL 22-28, 1990 CL KIAWAH ISLAND, SC SP SOC ENVIRONM TOXICOL & CHEM DE FIFRA; TIER TESTING; RISK ASSESSMENT; QUOTIENT METHOD; WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE C1 US FDA,OFF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS,DIV ENVIRONM FATE & EFFECTS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LEWIS PUBLISHERS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 BN 0-87371-591-8 J9 SETAC SP P PY 1994 BP 27 EP 31 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology; Zoology GA BZ61G UT WOS:A1994BZ61G00003 ER PT B AU FITE, E AF FITE, E BE Kendall, RJ Lacher, TE TI THE ENVIRONMENTAL-PROTECTION-AGENCY AVIAN PESTICIDE ASSESSMENT MODEL SO WILDLIFE TOXICOLOGY AND POPULATION MODELING: INTEGRATED STUDIES OF AGROECOSYSTEMS SE SETAC SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th Pellston Workshop on The Population Ecology and Wildlife Toxicology of Agricultural Pesticide Use: A Modeling Initiative for Avian Species CY JUL 22-28, 1990 CL KIAWAH ISLAND, SC SP SOC ENVIRONM TOXICOL & CHEM DE WILDLIFE; AVIAN; PESTICIDE ASSESSMENT MODEL; PESTICIDE REGISTRATION; FIELD TESTS; LABORATORY TOXICITY TESTS C1 US FDA,OFF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LEWIS PUBLISHERS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 BN 0-87371-591-8 J9 SETAC SP P PY 1994 BP 519 EP 530 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology; Zoology GA BZ61G UT WOS:A1994BZ61G00048 ER PT B AU BROWN, DG ANDERSON, MP WAGNER, RF SCHNEIDER, AC AF BROWN, DG ANDERSON, MP WAGNER, RF SCHNEIDER, AC GP INT NEURAL NETWORK SOC TI FINITE TRAINING SAMPLE-SIZE EFFECTS ON NEURAL-NETWORK PATTERN-CLASSIFICATION IN LOW-DIMENSIONAL FEATURE SPACE SO WORLD CONGRESS ON NEURAL NETWORKS-SAN DIEGO - 1994 INTERNATIONAL NEURAL NETWORK SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1994 International-Neural-Network-Society Annual Meeting - World Congress on Neural Networks-San Diego CY JUN 05-09, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP INT NEURAL NETWORK SOC C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC PUBL PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430 BN 0-8058-1745-X PY 1994 BP A96 EP A101 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Chemical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BB69D UT WOS:A1994BB69D00014 ER PT J AU PURI, RK LELAND, P AF PURI, RK LELAND, P TI TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR UP-REGULATES INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS ON MURINE SARCOMA-CELLS SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID IL-4 RECEPTORS; UP-REGULATION; FACTOR-I; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IFN-GAMMA; T-CELLS; EXPRESSION; ALPHA; LYMPHOCYTES; LINES RP PURI, RK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,MOLEC TUMOR BIOL LAB,HFM-530,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD DEC 30 PY 1993 VL 197 IS 3 BP 1424 EP 1430 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1993.2636 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA MP928 UT WOS:A1993MP92800056 PM 8280160 ER PT J AU RUSSELL, SM KEEGAN, AD HARADA, N NAKAMURA, Y NOGUCHI, M LELAND, P FRIEDMANN, MC MIYAJIMA, A PURI, RK PAUL, WE LEONARD, WJ AF RUSSELL, SM KEEGAN, AD HARADA, N NAKAMURA, Y NOGUCHI, M LELAND, P FRIEDMANN, MC MIYAJIMA, A PURI, RK PAUL, WE LEONARD, WJ TI INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR GAMMA-CHAIN - A FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT OF THE INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTOR SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GROWTH SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; HUMAN IL-2 RECEPTOR; T-CELL LINE; BETA-CHAIN; LIGAND-BINDING; GM-CSF; SUBUNIT; PROLIFERATION; EXPRESSION; CLONING AB The interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor gamma chain (IL-2Rgamma) is an essential component of high- and intermediate-affinity IL-2 receptors. IL-2Rgamma was demonstrated to be a component of the IL-4 receptor on the basis of chemical cross-linking data, the ability of IL-2Rgamma to augment IL-4 binding affinity, and the requirement for IL-2Rgamma in IL-4-mediated phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1. The observation that IL-2Rgamma is a functional component of the IL-4 receptor, together with the finding that IL-2Rgamma associates with the IL-7 receptor, begins to elucidate why deficiency of this common gamma chain (gamma(c)) has a profound effect on lymphoid function and development, as seen in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. C1 NHLBI,PULM & MOLEC IMMUNOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIAID,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. DNAX RES INST MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOL INC,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RI Russell, Sarah/B-9341-2009 OI Russell, Sarah/0000-0001-5826-9641 NR 51 TC 767 Z9 774 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 17 PY 1993 VL 262 IS 5141 BP 1880 EP 1883 DI 10.1126/science.8266078 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MM511 UT WOS:A1993MM51100038 PM 8266078 ER PT J AU FRADKIN, JE MILLS, JL SCHONBERGER, LB WYSOWSKI, DK THOMSON, R DURAKO, SJ ROBISON, LL AF FRADKIN, JE MILLS, JL SCHONBERGER, LB WYSOWSKI, DK THOMSON, R DURAKO, SJ ROBISON, LL TI RISK OF LEUKEMIA AFTER TREATMENT WITH PITUITARY GROWTH-HORMONE SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MEDULLOBLASTOMA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDREN; HISTORY AB Objective.-To determine whether pituitary-derived human growth hormone treatment increases the subsequent risk of developing leukemia and lymphoma. Design.-Cohort study. Setting.-United States. Participants.-A total of 6284 recipients of pituitary-derived human growth hormone distributed by the National Hormone and Pituitary Program between 1963 and 1985. Main Outcome Measures.-Leukemia and lymphoma. Results.-Three cases of leukemia occurred in 59736 patient-years of follow-up from the start of growth hormone therapy to case ascertainment at interview; this number was not significantly higher (P=.23) than the 1.66 cases expected in the US age-, race-, and gender-matched general population. Three additional cases, found in an extended follow-up that provided 83 917 person-years of risk, yielded a minimum rate of leukemia that was significantly increased (six cases found, 2.26 expected; P=.028). The relative risk of leukemia in pituitary growth hormone recipients compared with the general population was 1.8 (90% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 7.5) for the defined follow-up and 2.6 (90% CI, 1.2 to 5.2) for the extended follow-up. Five of the six subjects who developed leukemia had antecedent cranial tumors (four craniopharyngioma, one astrocytoma) as the cause of growth hormone deficiency, and four had received radiotherapy. There was no increase in leukemia in patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency. The association of leukemia and craniopharyngioma was significant (P<.001). There was no excess of lymphoma in the cohort. Conclusions.-This cohort of growth hormone recipients had a significantly increased rate of leukemia compared with the age-, race-, and gender-matched general population. However, the upper bound CI of the relative risk in our population (5.2) is well below the other estimates (7.6). Compared with the general population, our study population had more possible risk factors for leukemia (radiation, tumor) that may have contributed to the excess observed. The clustering of cases of leukemia in craniopharyngioma patients should be further evaluated. C1 NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. WESTAT CORP,ROCKVILLE,MD. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP FRADKIN, JE (reprint author), NIDDKD,DIV DIABET ENDOCRINOL & METAB DIS,WESTWOOD BLDG,ROOM 621,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 28 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 15 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 23 BP 2829 EP 2832 DI 10.1001/jama.270.23.2829 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MK941 UT WOS:A1993MK94100032 PM 8133622 ER PT J AU GREENBERG, AS EGAN, JJ WEK, SA MOOS, MC LONDOS, C KIMMEL, AR AF GREENBERG, AS EGAN, JJ WEK, SA MOOS, MC LONDOS, C KIMMEL, AR TI ISOLATION OF CDNAS FOR PERILIPIN-A AND PERILIPIN-B - SEQUENCE AND EXPRESSION OF LIPID DROPLET-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS OF ADIPOCYTES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE CDNA CLONING; GENE EXPRESSION; ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; LIPOLYSIS ID GENE-EXPRESSION; APOLIPOPROTEINS; LIPOLYSIS; KINASE AB The major cAMP-dependent protein kinase (A-kinase) substrate in adipocytes is perilipin, a protein found exclusively at the surface of the lipid storage droplets. Using anti-perilipin serum, we have isolated two related classes of full-length coding cDNAs, designated perilipin A and B, from a rat adipocyte cDNA expression library. The two cDNAs derive from two mRNA species that arise by differential splicing. The mRNAs are predicted to encode perilipins A and B, proteins of 517 aa (56,870 Da) and 422 aa (46,420 Da), respectively, which share a common 406-aa N-terminal sequence. The predicted perilipin A contains peptides present in proteolytic digests of the purified 62-kDa form of perilipin from rat adipocytes, as well as the requisite consensus A-kinase phosphorylation sites. Like perilipin A, the B form is expressed in adipocytes and is associated with lipid storage droplets. Modeling of predicted secondary structures fails to reveal an underlying basis for the tenacious association of perilipins with lipid droplets. These proteins exhibit a significant sequence relationship (almost-equal-to 65% similarity through 105 aa) with only one other known protein, the adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP). Like the perilipins, ADRP appears to be adipocyte-specific, which suggests that they interact in a related intracellular pathway. The molecular probes for perilipins A and B described here will permit detailed analyses of their functional role(s) in lipid metabolism. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP GREENBERG, AS (reprint author), NIDDKD,CELLULAR & DEV BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 28 TC 189 Z9 195 U1 3 U2 11 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 15 PY 1993 VL 90 IS 24 BP 12035 EP 12039 DI 10.1073/pnas.90.24.12035 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MM515 UT WOS:A1993MM51500123 PM 7505452 ER PT J AU GOERING, PL KISH, CL FISHER, BR AF GOERING, PL KISH, CL FISHER, BR TI STRESS PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS INDUCED BY CADMIUM-CYSTEINE IN RAT-KIDNEY SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CADMIUM; CADMIUM-CYSTEINE; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; KIDNEY; STRESS PROTEINS ID HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; RENAL DYSFUNCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; EXPOSURE; CELLS; INJURY; NEPHROTOXICITY; INDUCTION; METALLOTHIONEIN; ARSENITE AB Biomarkers are important tools which enable toxicologists to reliably predict and detect ex- posures to xenobiotics and resultant cell injury, ultimately improving risk assessments. Since the de novo synthesis of stress proteins can be detected early after exposure to some agents, analysis of toxicant-induced changes in gene expression, i.e. alterations in patterns of protein synthesis, may be useful to develop as biomarkers of exposure and toxicity. We are utilizing various xenobiotics as tools to study stress protein synthesis in target organs in order to evaluate the target tissue-specificity of this response. Previous data from this laboratory have demonstrated that induction of stress proteins in rat liver, but not kidney, after acute exposure to CdCl2 precedes hepatotoxicity. Since kidney is a target tissue after chronic Cd exposure, it was of interest to examine stress protein synthesis in this tissue. However, dose-limiting hepatotoxicity precluded this evaluation. Cd complexed with molecules such as cysteine (cys) or metallothionein has been used in acute dosing regimens as a tool in order to study the nephrotoxicity of Cd. Therefore, this study was undertaken in order to evaluate Cd-induced stress protein synthesis in an important tissue known to be injured after chronic exposure, i.e. kidney. Specific objectives included comparing stress protein synthesis in rat kidney and liver after acute exposure to Cd-cys and CdCl2, determining the Cd threshold concentration for renal stress protein synthesis and assessing the relationship between stress protein synthesis and nephropathy. Male rats were exposed to equivalent doses of Cd as CdCl2 or Cd-cysteine (molar ratio Cd:cys=1:15). Kidney Cd concentrations increased 5-fold after i.v. injection of Cd-cys compared to CdCl2, mimicking Cd distribution following chronic exposure. After exposure to Cd, tissue slices were incubated with S-35-methionine. Slices were subsequently homogenized and centrifuged, and the 16000 g supernatants were subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteins which had incorporated S-35-methionine were detected by autoradiography. De novo synthesis of 70, 90 and 110 kDa proteins was enhanced in liver, but not in kidney, 4 h after injection of 2 mg Cd/kg as CdCl2. In contrast, dose-related increases in synthesis of these proteins were observed in kidney 4 h after injection of 1 and 2 mg Cd/kg as Cd-cys, but not at lower dosages. In addition, synthesis of a 68 kDa kidney protein was inhibited at 2 mg Cd/kg as Cd-cys. The threshold for Cd-induced stress protein synthesis was shown to be between 4 and 8 mu g Cd/g tissue. These alterations in protein synthesis in kidney occurred at tissue Cd concentrations lower than those which resulted in renal injury, as assessed by histopathology and PAH uptake into renal slices. Thus, altered patterns of protein synthesis may serve as markers of cell injury or indicators of cellular stress in target organs. RP GOERING, PL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF SCI & TECHNOL,DIV LIFE SCI,HLTH SCI BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 40 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD DEC 15 PY 1993 VL 85 IS 1 BP 25 EP 39 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90081-3 PG 15 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA MQ124 UT WOS:A1993MQ12400002 PM 8291068 ER PT J AU OSAWA, Y DARBYSHIRE, JF MEYER, CA ALAYASH, AI AF OSAWA, Y DARBYSHIRE, JF MEYER, CA ALAYASH, AI TI DIFFERENTIAL SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF THE PROSTHETIC HEME OF HEMOGLOBIN-BASED RED-CELL SUBSTITUTES - IMPLICATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF SAFER AGENTS SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIS(3,5-DIBROMOSALICYL) FUMARATE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; IRON RELEASE; CROSS-LINK; MYOGLOBIN; DEGRADATION; PROTEIN; AUTOXIDATION; HEMOLYSIS AB One approach to the development of an effective red cell substitute has been chemical modification of human hemoglobin to optimize oxygen transport and plasma half-life. Human hemoglobin A(0) and two of these modified hemoglobins, one prepared from the cross-linking of the alpha-chains at lysine residue 99 by bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl)fumarate (Hb-DBBF) and the other by acylation of lysine residue 82 of the beta-chain by mono-(3,5-dibromosalicyl)fumarate (Hb-FMDA), were tested by HPLC for their susceptibility to oxidative damage caused by H2O2. Such oxidative insult may occur during ischemia and reperfusion of tissues after transfusion of red cell substitutes to patients with hypovolemic shock and trauma. Hb-DBBF was extremely susceptible to damage of its heme and protein moieties with stoichiometric amounts of H2O2, whereas Hb-FMDA was highly resistant, even at 10-fold molar excess and at an acidic pH of 4.7. Hemoglobin A(0) was of intermediate susceptibility, exhibiting alteration of heme and protein moieties at acidic but not neutral pH. Since the degradation of heme can release the potentially toxic agent iron, Hb-FMDA may be a more promising candidate than Hb-DBBF for development as a red cell substitute. A similar approach may be used to assess the susceptibility of other hemoglobin-based red cell substitutes to oxidative damage in order to determine the molecular basis of heme and protein alteration. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP OSAWA, Y (reprint author), NHLBI,CHEM PHARMACOL LAB,BLDG 10,RM 8N110,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 39 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD DEC 14 PY 1993 VL 46 IS 12 BP 2299 EP 2305 DI 10.1016/0006-2952(93)90621-3 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MN604 UT WOS:A1993MN60400023 PM 8274164 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA MERKATZ, RB TEMPLE, R AF KESSLER, DA MERKATZ, RB TEMPLE, R TI FDA POLICY ON WOMEN IN DRUG TRIALS - REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 9 PY 1993 VL 329 IS 24 BP 1815 EP 1816 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MK096 UT WOS:A1993MK09600015 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI MEDWATCH CONFERENCE COSPONSORED BY THE FDA AND THE AMA SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 8 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 22 BP 2669 EP 2669 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MJ821 UT WOS:A1993MJ82100006 PM 8133573 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI TREATMENT IND FOR NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 8 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 22 BP 2669 EP 2669 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MJ821 UT WOS:A1993MJ82100005 PM 8133573 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW LABEL WOULD ADVISE CONSUMERS TO CONSULT PHYSICIAN BEFORE TAKING ASPIRIN FOR THE HEART SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 8 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 22 BP 2669 EP 2669 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MJ821 UT WOS:A1993MJ82100004 PM 8133573 ER PT J AU PAVLIAK, V NASHED, EM POZSGAY, V KOVAC, P KARPAS, A CHU, CY SCHNEERSON, R ROBBINS, JB GLAUDEMANS, CPJ AF PAVLIAK, V NASHED, EM POZSGAY, V KOVAC, P KARPAS, A CHU, CY SCHNEERSON, R ROBBINS, JB GLAUDEMANS, CPJ TI BINDING OF THE O-ANTIGEN OF SHIGELLA-DYSENTERIAE TYPE-1 AND TYPE-26 RELATED SYNTHETIC FRAGMENTS TO A MONOCLONAL IGM ANTIBODY SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ENTERIC INFECTIONS; RURAL BANGLADESH; POLYSACCHARIDE; LIGANDS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; SPECIFICITY; DEXTRAN; SHIGELLA-DYSENTERIAE-1; VIRULENCE AB Shigella dysenteriae type 1 possesses an O-antigen whose repeating unit is -->3-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->3)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-D-Galp-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1-->, where Rhap is rhamnopyranosyl, Galp is galactopyranosyl, and Glcp is glucopyranosyl. Using ligand-induced protein fluorescence change, we have measured the affinities of a monoclonal murine IgM for 26 fragments of, or related to, the structure of the O-polysaccharide and of the IgM Fab for the intact O-specific bacterial polysaccharide. Synthetic saccharides used were methyl glycosides to ensure an anomerically defined pyranosyl ring conformation. The galactosyl residue is the only monosaccharide of the antigenic epitope that shows quantifiable binding: approximately 3.0 kcal/mol of binding free energy, depending on the structure and conformation of the fragment it is a part of. Addition of an alpha-(1-->2)-linked rhamnosyl residue increases the free energy of binding significantly. We propose this rhamnopyranosyl-alpha-(1-->2)-galactopyranosyl disaccharide to be the basic determinant of the Shigella O-polysaccharide. Further extension (by linkages as in the natural antigen) of this oligosaccharidic ligand toward the upstream end (in an oligo- (or poly-)saccharide, such as A-->B-->C-->D-->E-->m, where A, B, C, D, and E are sugars and m is any moiety, such as methyl, we define A as the glycosyl- or upstream terminus, and E as the glycoside- or downstream terminus) by rhamnosyl and N-acetylglucosaminyl moieties improves the binding only minimally. The antibody is quite specific for the rhamnosyl-alpha-(1-->2)-galactosyl sequence but less so for the nature of the attachment to the galactosyl residue on the downstream side. Measurements using IgM Fab and the intact O-specific polysaccharide show that the antibody can bind internal segments on the antigen chain. The free energy of binding of this antibody for the disaccharide determinant varies from -DELTAG of 4.7 to 5.1 kcal/mol, depending on its flanking residues. C1 NIDDKD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL RES & REVIEW,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 60 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 5 PY 1993 VL 268 IS 34 BP 25797 EP 25802 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MK100 UT WOS:A1993MK10000076 PM 7503987 ER PT J AU WU, YS LAI, JS FU, PP AF WU, YS LAI, JS FU, PP TI SYNTHESIS OF THE BIOLOGICALLY REACTIVE BAY-REGION DIOL EPOXIDE OF THE MUTAGENIC ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANT 1-NITROBENZO[A]PYRENE SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; NITRATION; 3-NITROBENZOPYRENE; FLUORANTHENE; MONONITROBENZOPYRENES; 6-NITROBENZOPYRENE; IDENTIFICATION; DERIVATIVES C1 PROVIDENCE UNIV,INST APPL CHEM,TAICHUNG,TAIWAN. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD DEC 3 PY 1993 VL 58 IS 25 BP 7283 EP 7285 DI 10.1021/jo00077a063 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA ML307 UT WOS:A1993ML30700063 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI GUNARY, D AF MILLER, HI GUNARY, D TI SERIOUS FLAWS IN THE HORIZONTAL APPROACH TO BIOTECHNOLOGY RISK SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA,OFF BIOTECHNOL,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 3 PY 1993 VL 262 IS 5139 BP 1500 EP 1501 DI 10.1126/science.8248795 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MK329 UT WOS:A1993MK32900012 PM 8248795 ER PT J AU MALOZOWSKI, S MAMALAKI, E PLETI, M ARMANDO, I GOLDSTEIN, D MERRIAM, GR AF MALOZOWSKI, S MAMALAKI, E PLETI, M ARMANDO, I GOLDSTEIN, D MERRIAM, GR TI INDUCTION OF REVERSIBLE GROWTH-RETARDATION AND GROWTH-HORMONE DEFICIENCY BY BLOCKADE OF NOREPINEPHRINE SYNTHESIS IN THE RAT SO ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; ADULT MALE-RAT; MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE; PLASMA-LEVELS; FEMALE RATS; SECRETION; MALNUTRITION; HYPOTHALAMUS; INHIBITION; EXPRESSION AB Norepinephrine is a major regulator of the release of growth hormone. Diethyldithiocarbamate, a dopamine-P-hydroxylase inhibitor, reduces norepinephrine synthesis and acutely inhibits growth hormone (GH) secretion. To investigate the long-term effects of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase blockade on growth, we administered diethyldithiocarbamate (0, 40, 100 or 400 mg/kg sc b.i.d.) to 21-day-old female rats for 10 days. Food intake, body weight, and tail length were measured twice a week. Plasma GH levels and hypothalamic dopamine and norepinephrine content were measured; messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) for GH-releasing hormone and somatostatin were determined by quantitative in situ hybridization. Diethyldithiocarbamate administration decreased GH levels (p < 0.05) and retarded growth in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05), without altering food intake. Co-administration of GH partially reversed the growth retardation in diethyldithiocarbamate-treated animals (p < 0.05). Diethyldithiocarbamate treatment also increased the hypothalamic dopamine/norepinephrine ratio (1.13 vs 0.41 control, p < 0.05). Local levels of GH-releasing hormone and somatostatin mRNA were not altered by treatment. After discontinuation of diethyldithiocarbamate, growth rates returned to normal or transiently even to supranormal values. Norepinephrine synthesis blockade with diethyldithiocarbamate provides a model for reversible growth retardation, in which GH levels are decreased in the absence of decreased GH-releasing hormone mRNA. These results support a role for norepinephrine in the regulation of normal growth. C1 NICHHD,DEV ENDOCRINOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIMH,CLIN NEUROENDOCRINOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NINCDS,CLIN NEUROSCI BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD. AMER LAKE VAMC,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV WASHINGTON,DIV METAB ENDOCRINOL & NUTR,SEATTLE,WA. RP MALOZOWSKI, S (reprint author), US FDA,DIV METAB & ENDOCRINE DRUG PROD,5600 FISHERS LANE,HFD 510,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0001-5598 J9 ACTA ENDOCRINOL-COP JI Acta Endocrinol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 129 IS 6 BP 554 EP 558 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA MV578 UT WOS:A1993MV57800014 PM 7906468 ER PT J AU NOUSO, K BATTULA, N THORGEIRSSON, SS HIGASHI, T TSUJI, T AF NOUSO, K BATTULA, N THORGEIRSSON, SS HIGASHI, T TSUJI, T TI RECOMBINANT MOUSE CYTOCHROMES P-1-450 AND P-3-450 - ENZYMATIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HEMOPROTEIN EXPRESSED IN HUMAN-CELLS INFECTED WITH RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUS SO ACTA MEDICA OKAYAMA LA English DT Article DE CYTOCHROME P-450; VACCINIA VIRUS; KINETICS ID METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; STABLE EXPRESSION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; CDNA; AFLATOXIN-B1; PURIFICATION; INDUCTION; SEQUENCES; SYSTEM; DNA AB We expressed mouse cytochrome P-1-450 and P-3-450 using recombinant vaccinia virus gene expression system in HeLa cells that were devoid of significant basal levels of P-450. HeLa cells were infected with the recombinant vaccinia virus containing either mouse cytochrome P-1-450 or P-3-450 cDNA, and the cell lysates were analyzed for the kinetics of P-450 enzyme activity and protein expression at the same time. 7-Ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activities were measured as an expression of the cytochrome P-450 enzyme activities. Both cell lines began to express these enzyme activities as early as 12h after infection. The activities increased linearly up to the 24h time point, and were kept for 36h. Western immunoblot analysis showed that these cytochrome P-450 protiens were detected at 16h and reached maximum quantity at 24h after infection. These data showed a good correlation between cytochrome P-450 enzyme activity and protein concentration throughout the process of P-450 gene expression by vaccinia virus vector, suggesting a complete formation of cytochrome P-450 holoenzyme from the early stage of the protein expression. C1 US FDA, DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD, KENSINGTON, MD 20857 USA. NCI, EXPTL CARCINOGENESIS LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. RP NOUSO, K (reprint author), OKAYAMA UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT INTERNAL MED 1, OKAYAMA 700, JAPAN. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OKAYAMA UNIV MED SCHOOL PI OKAYAMA PA EDITORIAL OFFICE, ACTA MEDICA OKAYAMA OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL 2-5-1 SHIKATA-CHO, KITA-KU, OKAYAMA, 700-8558, JAPAN SN 0386-300X J9 ACTA MED OKAYAMA JI Acta Med. Okayama PD DEC PY 1993 VL 47 IS 6 BP 377 EP 382 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA MP007 UT WOS:A1993MP00700004 PM 8128911 ER PT J AU RHEINSTEIN, PH AF RHEINSTEIN, PH TI THE GENERIC DRUG APPROVAL PROCESS SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article RP RHEINSTEIN, PH (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD DEC PY 1993 VL 48 IS 8 BP 1357 EP 1360 PG 4 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MK883 UT WOS:A1993MK88300001 PM 8249762 ER PT J AU WYSOWSKI, DK FOURCROY, JL AF WYSOWSKI, DK FOURCROY, JL TI HEPATOTOXICITY COMPLICATING FLUTAMIDE TREATMENT OF HIRSUTISM - REPLY SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD DEC 1 PY 1993 VL 119 IS 11 BP 1150 EP 1150 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MJ335 UT WOS:A1993MJ33500021 ER PT J AU ETTE, EI AF ETTE, EI TI INTERPRETATION OF SIMULATION STUDIES FOR EFFICIENT ESTIMATION OF POPULATION PHARMACOKINETIC PARAMETERS (VOL 27, PG 1034, 1993) SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Correction, Addition RP ETTE, EI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV BIOPHARMACEUT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 27 IS 12 BP 1548 EP 1548 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ML629 UT WOS:A1993ML62900038 ER PT J AU SAGRIPANTI, JL ROUTSON, LB LYTLE, CD AF SAGRIPANTI, JL ROUTSON, LB LYTLE, CD TI VIRUS INACTIVATION BY COPPER OR IRON IONS ALONE AND IN THE PRESENCE OF PEROXIDE SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note AB Cupric and ferric ions were able to inactivate five enveloped or nonenveloped, single- or double-stranded DNA or RNA viruses. The virucidal effect of these metals was enhanced by the addition of peroxide, particularly for copper(II). Under the conditions of our test, mixtures of copper(II) ions and peroxide were more efficient than glutaraldehyde in inactivating phiX174, T7, phi6, Junin, and herpes simplex viruses. The substances described here should be able to inactivate most, if not all, viruses that have been found contaminating medical devices. RP SAGRIPANTI, JL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV LIFE SCI,12709 TWINBROOK PKWY,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 11 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 59 IS 12 BP 4374 EP 4376 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA MK854 UT WOS:A1993MK85400061 PM 8285724 ER PT J AU FERGUSON, SA RACEY, FD PAULE, MG HOLSON, RR AF FERGUSON, SA RACEY, FD PAULE, MG HOLSON, RR TI BEHAVIORAL-EFFECTS OF METHYLAZOXYMETHANOL-INDUCED MICRENCEPHALY SO BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PREFRONTAL CORTICAL-LESIONS; MICROENCEPHALIC RATS; SELECTIVE ATTENTION; MENTAL-RETARDATION; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; NEONATAL RAT; CORTEX; BRAIN; AMPHETAMINE; HYPERACTIVITY AB This study was prompted by reports of functionally normal humans with micrencephaly or cortical hypoplasia. Methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) treatment, which induces micrencephaly in rats, was administered by injection (20 mg/kg) on gestational day 14. Prior to weaning and into adulthood, offspring were assessed on many behavioral tests. There were 3 findings. First, MAM rats (forebrain weight less than 2/3 of controls) were not profoundly hyperactive. Increased activity was seen only on prolonged tests or after amphetamine administration. Second, MAM rats were hypoactive in some conditions. These rats were light shy and less likely to explore lighted areas. MAM rats appeared hyperreactive to environmental stimuli, but not hyperactive. Finally, no MAM effect on behavior was as large as that on brain weight. Thus, as with clinical findings, rat micrencephalics are more remarkable for functional sparing than for behavioral abnormalities. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP FERGUSON, SA (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,3900 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 57 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0735-7044 J9 BEHAV NEUROSCI JI Behav. Neurosci. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 107 IS 6 BP 1067 EP 1076 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA MP936 UT WOS:A1993MP93600017 PM 8136060 ER PT J AU HEYES, MP SAITO, K MAJOR, EO MILSTIEN, S MARKEY, SP VICKERS, JH AF HEYES, MP SAITO, K MAJOR, EO MILSTIEN, S MARKEY, SP VICKERS, JH TI A MECHANISM OF QUINOLINIC ACID FORMATION BY BRAIN IN INFLAMMATORY NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE - ATTENUATION OF SYNTHESIS FROM L-TRYPTOPHAN BY 6-CHLOROTRYPTOPHAN AND 4-CHLORO-3-HYDROXYANTHRANILATE SO BRAIN LA English DT Article ID INFECTED RHESUS MACAQUES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; KYNURENIC ACID; RAT-BRAIN; INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; 3-HYDROXYANTHRANILIC ACID; NEUROACTIVE KYNURENINES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; NEURONAL DEGENERATION AB Quinolinic acid (QUIN), kynurenic acid (KYNA) and L-kynurenine (L-KYN) are neuroactive kynurenine pathway metabolites that accumulate in inflammatory neurological diseases. These increases were attributed to the induction of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the enzyme that converts L-tryptophan into L-KYN. Direct conversion of L-tryptophan into QUIN by brain tissue occurs in conditions of CNS inflammation, but not by normal brain tissue. To investigate whether increased activity of enzymes distal to IDO may determine L-KYN conversion to QUIN, rhesus macaques were inoculated with poliovirus directly into the spinal cord, as a model of focal inflammatory neurological disease (FASEB J. 6, 2977-2989, 1992). Induction of spinal cord IDO (35.9-fold) accompanied smaller, but proportional increases in kynurenine-3-hydroxylase (2.4-fold) and kynureninase (2.3-fold) activities, which were correlated to CSF and tissue QUIN levels, as well as to measures of inflammatory lesions. 3-Hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase activity was unchanged. Cerebrospinal fluid KYNA levels increased in proportion to both IDO activity and L-KYN accumulation, though kynurenine aminotransferase activity was unaffected. Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin, a marker of macrophage and immune activation, accumulated in proportion to the responsive enzymes and metabolites. The cell types involved in producing QUIN were investigated in vitro. Human foetal brain cultures consisting of astrocytes and neurons converted large quantities of [C-13(6)]L-tryptophan into L-KYN when stimulated by gamma-interferon, but very little [C-13(6)]QUIN was formed unless macrophages (THP-1 cells) were first added to the cultures (to model a key component of brain inflammation). [C-13(6),]L-Tryptophan was converted into [C-13(6)]QUIN by either gamma-interferon stimulated macrophages, or following intracisternal administration into poliovirus-infected macaques. Inhibitors of the kynurenine pathway, 6-chlorotryptophan and 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, attenuated [C-13(6)],QUIN formation by macrophages, and when co-infused with [C-13(6)]L-tryptophan into poliovirus-infected macaques. These results suggest roles for increased activities of IDO, kynurenine-3-hydroxylase and kynureninase in accelerating the synthesis of QUIN, L-KYN and KYNA in conditions of brain inflammation. Macrophage infiltrates, and perhaps microglia, are important sources of QUIN, whereas constitutive brain cells and macrophages are sources of L-KYN. Drugs that inhibit kynurenine pathway enzymes attenuate QUIN formation in the CNS, and provide tools to examine the consequences of reduced QUIN accumulation. C1 NIMH, NEUROCHEM LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NINCDS, VIRAL & MOLEC PATHOGENESIS LAB, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, PATHOBIOL & PRIMATOL LAB, BETHESDA, MD USA. RP HEYES, MP (reprint author), NIMH, CLIN SCI LAB, ANALYT BIOCHEM SECT, BLDG 10, ROOM 3D40, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 90 TC 126 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-8950 J9 BRAIN JI Brain PD DEC PY 1993 VL 116 BP 1425 EP 1450 PN 6 PG 26 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA MW136 UT WOS:A1993MW13600008 PM 8293279 ER PT J AU SEIMIYA, H TSURUO, T AF SEIMIYA, H TSURUO, T TI DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF PROTEIN-TYROSINE-PHOSPHATASE GENES DURING PHORBOL ESTER-INDUCED DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN LEUKEMIA U937 CELLS SO CELL GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; LEUKOCYTE-COMMON ANTIGEN; ROUS-SARCOMA VIRUS; HEMATOPOIETIC-CELLS; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; SH2 DOMAIN; RECEPTOR; CLONING; KINASE; CD45 AB Some human leukemia cell lines, such as HL-60 and U937, differentiate to monocyte/macrophage by treatment with chemicals such as phorbol ester or 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. In this report, we demonstrate that cellular protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity (especially in cytosol) in monoblastoid leukemia U937 cells increased up to 2-fold during the course of monocytic differentiation. We have cloned 13 PTPase-related gene fragments from the differentiated U937 cells using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. Two of these were found to be genes of novel isozymes, PTP-U1 and PTP-U2. We investigated the changes in expression of each isozyme during the differentiation of the cells and found that nine isozymes (both cytosolic and transmembranous) were expressed more in the differentiated cells than in the undifferentiated cells. Among them, PTP-U1 and PTP-U2 were greatly induced by phorbol ester. Interestingly, there were two cytosolic isozymes that were down-regulated during the course of differentiation. Our present data suggest that the functions of the PTPase isozyme during monocytic maturation are not always equivalent to each other, and tyrosine dephosphorylation may participate in several different pathways of signal transduction during the differentiation of leukemia cells. C1 US BUR RADIOL HLTH,INST MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOSCI,1-1-1 YAYOI,BUNKYO KU,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. NR 55 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1044-9523 J9 CELL GROWTH DIFFER JI Cell Growth Differ. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 4 IS 12 BP 1033 EP 1039 PG 7 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA ML312 UT WOS:A1993ML31200009 PM 8117617 ER PT J AU WEBSTER, PA ROBERTS, DW MOSS, MM BENSON, RW KEARNS, GL AF WEBSTER, PA ROBERTS, DW MOSS, MM BENSON, RW KEARNS, GL TI IMMUNOCHEMICAL CONFIRMATION OF CHRONIC ACETAMINOPHEN (APAP) TOXICITY IN CHILDREN SO CLINICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 0009-9279 J9 CLIN RES JI Clin. Res. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 41 IS 4 BP A758 EP A758 PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA MN948 UT WOS:A1993MN94800231 ER PT J AU SCHEUPLEIN, RJ AF SCHEUPLEIN, RJ TI USE OF CELL-PROLIFERATION DATA IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT - FDA VIEW SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cell Proliferation and Chemical Carcinogenesis CY JAN 14-16, 1992 CL RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC ID CARCINOGENESIS AB The possible uses of cell proliferation data in cancer risk assessment can be divided into three categories: direct use of mathematical models that incorporate rates of cell proliferation, use of experimental data on secondary mechanisms produced by cell proliferation, and using studies of cellular growth rates to extend the dose range of bioassay data. These three approaches are briefly discussed and some indication of their potential application to cancer risk assessment is outlined. RP SCHEUPLEIN, RJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF TOXICOL SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 101 SU 5 BP 139 EP 141 DI 10.2307/3431857 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA NB891 UT WOS:A1993NB89100022 PM 8013401 ER PT J AU JAMES, SJ MILLER, BJ CROSS, DR MCGARRITY, LJ MORRIS, SM AF JAMES, SJ MILLER, BJ CROSS, DR MCGARRITY, LJ MORRIS, SM TI THE ESSENTIALITY OF FOLATE FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF DEOXYNUCLEOTIDE PRECURSOR POOLS, DNA-SYNTHESIS, AND CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION IN PHA-STIMULATED LYMPHOCYTES SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cell Proliferation and Chemical Carcinogenesis CY JAN 14-16, 1992 CL RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC ID FRAGILE SITE EXPRESSION; TRIPHOSPHATE POOL; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MUTAGENESIS; NUCLEOTIDES; HYDROXYUREA; METABOLISM; IMBALANCE; REPAIR AB The fidelity and progression of DNA synthesis is critically dependent on the correct balance and availability of the deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) precursors for the polymerases involved in DNA replication and repair. Because folate-derived one-carbon groups are essential for the de novo synthesis of both purines and pyrimidines, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of folate deprivation on deoxynucleotide pool levels and cell cycle progression. Primary cultures of phytohemagglutin (PHA)-stimulated splenocytes were used as the cellular model. T-cells and macrophages were purified from spleen cell suspensions obtained from F344 rats and recombined in culture. The cells were harvested after a 66-hr incubation with PHA and analyzed for nucleotide levels by reverse-phase HPLC with diode array detection. The proportion of cells in the different phases of the cell cycle was determined by bivariate flow cytometric measurement of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and DNA content (propidium iodide staining). PHA-stimulated T-cells cultured in medium lacking folate and methionine manifested significant decreases in the deoxynucleotides dCTP, dTMP, dGTP, and dATP relative to cells cultured in complete medium. The reduction in dNTP pools was associated with a decrease in the corresponding ribonucleotide pools. Flow cytometric analysis revealed a 2-fold increase in S and G(2)/mitosis (G(2)/M) DNA content in PHA-stimulated cells cultured in the medium lacking folate and methionine, which suggests a delay in cell cycle progression. These alterations in DNA content were accompanied by a 5-fold decrease in BrdU incorporation relative to PHA-stimulated cells cultured in complete medium. Supplementation of the deficient medium with folate resulted in normalization of dNTP content and BrdU incorporation. The data are consistent with the interpretation that folate deprivation results in reduced dNTP levels that may retard DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. RP JAMES, SJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 101 SU 5 BP 173 EP 178 DI 10.2307/3431864 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA NB891 UT WOS:A1993NB89100029 PM 8013406 ER PT J AU LU, MH HINSON, WG HE, DS TURTURRO, A HART, RW AF LU, MH HINSON, WG HE, DS TURTURRO, A HART, RW TI HEPATIC NUCLEAR PLOIDY DISTRIBUTION OF DIETARY-RESTRICTED MICE SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Cell Proliferation and Chemical Carcinogenesis CY JAN 14-16, 1992 CL RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC ID FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; MOUSE HEPATOCYTE PLOIDY; CELL-CYCLE ANALYSIS; FOOD RESTRICTION; POLYPLOIDY; AGE; LIVER; HYPOTHESIS; KINETICS AB Hepatic parenchymal cells in most adult mammals are polyploid, with most of the cells in the quiescent or low-proliferation state. Polyploidization has been related to carcinogenesis and aging, and both end points are significantly affected by dietary restriction (DR). Direct measures of hepatic nuclear polyploidization in DR B6C3F(1) mice have not been examined. We examined the effect of DR on distributions of nuclear ploidy in both sexes and on different age groups of B6C3F(1) mice. Differences between young and old male mice and between old male and female mice were also compared. Hepatic nuclear ploidy values were measured by flow cytometry. The DNA histograms were analyzed for the percentage of nuclei having different classes of DNA content by gating channels between the areas under the peaks of diploid, tetraploid, and octaploid. The results indicate that 1 or 26 months of DR started at 4 months of age did not alter hepatic nuclear ploidy distributions in young and old mice. Our data suggest that in the male mouse, polyploidization is established by 5 months of age for hepatic nuclei and that ploidy classes are affected by sex at 30 months of age. For females, effects in the octaploid nuclei are seen as a result of DR. RP LU, MH (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 101 SU 5 BP 229 EP 233 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA NB891 UT WOS:A1993NB89100038 PM 8013412 ER PT J AU WYSOWSKI, DK AF WYSOWSKI, DK TI USE OF FERTILITY DRUGS IN THE UNITED-STATES, 1973 THROUGH 1991 SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Note RP WYSOWSKI, DK (reprint author), US FDA,OFF EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 4 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE PI BIRMINGHAM PA 1209 MONTGOMERY HIGHWAY, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35216-2809 SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 60 IS 6 BP 1096 EP 1098 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA MK846 UT WOS:A1993MK84600030 PM 7902301 ER PT J AU SHACKELFORD, ME COLLINS, TFX WELSH, JJ BLACK, TN AMES, MJ CHI, RK ODONNELL, MW AF SHACKELFORD, ME COLLINS, TFX WELSH, JJ BLACK, TN AMES, MJ CHI, RK ODONNELL, MW TI FETAL DEVELOPMENT IN RATS FED AIN-76A DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH EXCESS CALCIUM SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ZN AVAILABILITY; ZINC; PHYTATE AB This study was designed to evaluate the developmental effects of moderate dietary calcium increases in rats fed nutritionally adequate diets. Female Charles River CD/VAF Plus rats were given 0.50 (control), 0.75, 1.00 or 1.25% dietary calcium as calcium carbonate in AIN-76A diets for 6 wk before mating, during mating and for 20 days of gestation. On gestation day 20, the animals were killed and caesarean sections were performed. Both the non-pregnant and pregnant rats in the 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25% groups ate slightly more than did the control group during most of the intervals measured, but not all the increases were statistically significant. There was no consistent pattern of increase or decrease in weight gain. No dose-related changes were found in maternal clinical findings, the average number of implantations, resorptions and viable foetuses, or foetal length or weight. Under the conditions of the study, there were no statistically significant increases as compared with the control group in the litter incidence regarding specific external, visceral or skeletal variations of the foetuses. Dietary calcium was neither foetotoxic nor teratogenic at the concentrations used. RP SHACKELFORD, ME (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 31 IS 12 BP 953 EP 961 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90004-I PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA MU071 UT WOS:A1993MU07100004 PM 8282279 ER PT J AU OLEMPSKABEER, ZS KUZNESOF, PM DINOVI, M SMITH, MJ AF OLEMPSKABEER, ZS KUZNESOF, PM DINOVI, M SMITH, MJ TI PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND FOOD SAFETY SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENGINEERING HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; GENE-TRANSFER; DETOXIFYING ENZYME; ETHYLENE SYNTHESIS; TOBACCO RESISTANT; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; CROP IMPROVEMENT; VIRUS-INFECTION; ALPHA-AMYLASE RP OLEMPSKABEER, ZS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 99 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 47 IS 12 BP 64 EP & PG 0 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA MN146 UT WOS:A1993MN14600012 ER PT J AU GILMAN, SC BONNER, MJ PELLMAR, TC AF GILMAN, SC BONNER, MJ PELLMAR, TC TI EFFECT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ON EXCITATORY AMINO-ACID RELEASE BY CEREBRAL CORTICAL SYNAPTOSOMES SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Note DE CHLORAMINE-T; OXIDATION; FREE RADICAL; EXCITATORY; SYNAPTOSOME; ASPARTATE ID ALTERS NEURONAL EXCITABILITY; GUINEA-PIG; CHLORAMINE-T; D-ASPARTATE; BRAIN SYNAPTOSOMES; GLUTAMATE RELEASE; OXYGEN RADICALS; HUMAN-DISEASE; PRESSURE; ISCHEMIA AB Previous studies in our laboratory have suggested that an oxidation reaction is responsible for the actions of free radicals to decrease synaptic Potentials. Recently we observed that free radicals both decreased depolarization-induced vesicular release and enhanced basal, nonvesicular release of the excitatory amino acid, [H-3]L-glutamate. In order to evaluate the contribution of oxidative reactions to this latter effect, we evaluated the actions of the oxidizing agent chloramine-T on synaptosomal release of excitatory amino acids, using [H-3]D-aspartate as the exogenous label. Basal and depolarization evoked [H-3]D-aspartate release were calcium-independent and nonvesicular. Chloramine-T pretreatment significantly increased basal release, while having no effect on high K+-evoked release. These data suggest that an oxidative process can mimic the free radical increase of basal release, as well as the decrease in synaptic potentials. On the other hand, the calcium-independent-evoked release may involve a different mechanism. Our results demonstrate that under basal, nondepolarizing conditions, oxidative stress exerts an adverse effect on the presynaptic nerve terminal, resulting in an increased release of potentially damaging excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters. C1 US FDA,DIV TOXICOL REVIEW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP GILMAN, SC (reprint author), ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOL RES INST,DEPT PHYSIOL,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20814, USA. NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 15 IS 6 BP 671 EP 675 DI 10.1016/0891-5849(93)90172-Q PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA MJ387 UT WOS:A1993MJ38700015 PM 7908006 ER PT J AU TAI, SS LEE, CJ WINTER, RE AF TAI, SS LEE, CJ WINTER, RE TI HEMIN UTILIZATION IS RELATED TO VIRULENCE OF STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Note ID PNEUMOCOCCAL TOXIN PNEUMOLYSIN; FERRIC IRON TRANSPORT; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CORYNEBACTERIUM-DIPHTHERIAE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; SYSTEM; TRANSFERRIN; MUTANT AB Streptococcus pneumoniae is a causative agent for bacterial pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis, and bacteremia. Mechanisms for acquisition of iron by this organism under low-iron conditions were investigated. Siderophore production was not detected by either chemical or biological methods. Its utilization of iron-containing compounds found in human hosts was tested. Both hemin and hemoglobin supported the full growth of S. pneumoniae in a culture lacking other iron sources, while lactoferrin and transferrin failed to do so. A mutant defective in hemin utilization was isolated and was less virulent than wild-type S. pneumoniae in experimental animals. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,TEMPE,AZ 85287. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP TAI, SS (reprint author), HOWARD UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20059, USA. NR 43 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 61 IS 12 BP 5401 EP 5405 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA MH823 UT WOS:A1993MH82300065 PM 8225615 ER PT J AU TAGA, K CHERNEY, B TOSATO, G AF TAGA, K CHERNEY, B TOSATO, G TI IL-10 INHIBITS APOPTOTIC CELL-DEATH IN HUMAN T-CELLS STARVED OF IL-2 SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CELL SURVIVAL; DNA FRAGMENTATION; PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH ID CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; B-CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR; STIMULATORY FACTOR; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; TH2 CLONES; GROWTH; INTERLEUKIN-10; EXPRESSION; SURVIVAL AB IL-10 was originally described as an inhibitory factor produced by murine T(h)2 lymphocytes that suppresses IFN-gamma production by activated murine T(h)1 lymphocytes. In this study, we have analyzed the effect of human IL-10 on human T cell death induced by IL-2 deprivation. IL-2-dependent T lymphocytes rapidly die when deprived of IL-2. This cell death was found to involve loss of cell volume, chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation, all characteristic of apoptosis. After 2 days incubation in culture medium without IL-2, the viability of TM11 cells (a tetanus toxoid-specific T cell line) and of activated peripheral blood T cells decreased from >98% to 34.3 (+/- 2.9) and 39.7 (+/- 5.5)% respectively. Addition of purified human IL-10 (100 U/ml) to these IL-2-starved cells significantly improved cell viability (66.0 +/- 6.0 and 73.1 +/- 12.3% respectively, P = 0.0051). This protective effect of IL-10 was dose-dependent and was neutralized by the anti-human IL-10 mAb 19F1. It was neither accompanied by T cell growth stimulation as judged by [H-3]thymidine incorporation nor neutralized by anti-IL-2 or anti-IL-2 receptor (CD25) antibodies. Analysis of DNA after separation on agarose gels revealed that IL-10 inhibits DNA fragmentation in IL-2-starved T cells. T cells protected from death by IL-10 were indistinguishable from IL-10-untreated viable T cells in the ability to proliferate in response to IL-2. Thus, another property of IL-10 is to promote the survival of IL-2-dependent T cells otherwise destined to die by apoptosis. RP TAGA, K (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOL LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 52 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 5 IS 12 BP 1599 EP 1608 DI 10.1093/intimm/5.12.1599 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MP959 UT WOS:A1993MP95900012 PM 8312229 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA MERKATZ, RB SCHAPIRO, R AF KESSLER, DA MERKATZ, RB SCHAPIRO, R TI A CALL FOR HIGHER STANDARDS FOR BREAST IMPLANTS SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,OFF COMMISS,HF-1,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 6 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 1 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 21 BP 2607 EP 2608 DI 10.1001/jama.270.21.2607 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MJ266 UT WOS:A1993MJ26600030 PM 8230647 ER PT J AU GOULD, JA LIEBLER, B BAIER, R BENSON, J BORETOS, J CALLAHAN, T CANTY, E COMPTON, R MARLOWE, D OHOLLA, R PAGE, B PAULSON, J SWANSON, C AF GOULD, JA LIEBLER, B BAIER, R BENSON, J BORETOS, J CALLAHAN, T CANTY, E COMPTON, R MARLOWE, D OHOLLA, R PAGE, B PAULSON, J SWANSON, C TI BIOMATERIALS AVAILABILITY - DEVELOPMENT OF A CHARACTERIZATION STRATEGY FOR INTERCHANGING SILICONE POLYMERS IN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article C1 HLTH IND MANUFACTURES ASSOC,1200 G ST NW,SUITE 400,WASHINGTON,DC 20005. BAXTER HEALTHCARE CORP,ROUND LAKE,IL. SUNY BUFFALO,BUFFALO,NY 14260. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. VENTRITEX INC,SUNNYVALE,CA. NUSIL SILICONE TECHNOL,CARPINTERIA,CA. JOHNSON & JOHNSON,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ. ETHICON INC,SOMERVILLE,NJ 08876. MEDTRONIC INC,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55418. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1045-4861 J9 J APPL BIOMATER JI J. Appl. Biomater. PD WIN PY 1993 VL 4 IS 4 BP 355 EP 358 DI 10.1002/jab.770040410 PG 4 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA MH534 UT WOS:A1993MH53400009 PM 10172007 ER PT J AU EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, R AF EDIGER, MN PETTIT, GH SAUERBREY, R TI DIFFUSE REFLECTIVITY MEASUREMENTS OF POLYIMIDE DURING ARGON FLUORIDE EXCIMER-LASER ABLATION SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID TIME-RESOLVED REFLECTIVITY; DYNAMICS; POLYMERS AB The diffuse reflectivity of polyimide during Pulsed 193-nm excimer laser irradiation has been compared to the specular reflectivity of the material over the fluence range 0.6-190 mJ/cm2. Diffuse reflectivity is observed to decrease with increasing fluence by a factor of approximately 3 over the intensity range, and remains a roughly constant fraction (0.3-0.4) of total target reflectivity. These results indicate that appreciable scattering of reflected laser radiation out of the specular direction does not occur under ablation conditions, and therefore cannot account for the specularly reflected pulse truncation observed previously. C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,HOUSTON,TX 77251. RP EDIGER, MN (reprint author), FDA CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,MAIL STOP HFZ-134,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD DEC 1 PY 1993 VL 74 IS 11 BP 6982 EP 6984 DI 10.1063/1.355049 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA MJ712 UT WOS:A1993MJ71200075 ER PT J AU KORFMACHER, WA BLOOM, J CHURCHWELL, MI GETEK, TA HANSEN, EB HOLDER, CL MCMANUS, KT AF KORFMACHER, WA BLOOM, J CHURCHWELL, MI GETEK, TA HANSEN, EB HOLDER, CL MCMANUS, KT TI CHARACTERIZATION OF 3 RIFAMYCINS VIA ELECTROSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND HPLC THERMOSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ASSAY; RIFAMPICIN; IONIZATION; ANTIBIOTICS; METABOLITES; DOXYLAMINE; SAMPLES; SERUM C1 US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. TEXMS,HOUSTON,TX 77060. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 SN 0021-9665 J9 J CHROMATOGR SCI JI J. Chromatogr. Sci. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 31 IS 12 BP 498 EP 501 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA MK571 UT WOS:A1993MK57100002 PM 8120121 ER PT J AU BURBA, DJ COLLIER, MA DEFAULT, LE HANSONPAINTON, O THOMPSON, HC HOLDER, CL AF BURBA, DJ COLLIER, MA DEFAULT, LE HANSONPAINTON, O THOMPSON, HC HOLDER, CL TI IN-VIVO KINETIC-STUDY ON UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION OF INTRAMUSCULAR TRITIUM-LABELED POLYSULFATED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN IN EQUINE BODY-FLUID COMPARTMENTS AND ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE IN AN OSTEOCHONDRAL DEFECT MODEL SO JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The uptake and distribution of intramuscularly (IM) administered tritium-labeled polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (H-3-PSGAG) in serum, synovial fluid, and articular cartilage of eight horses was quantitated, and hyaluronic acid (HA) concentration of the middle carpal joint was evaluated in a pharmacokinetic study. A full-thickness articular cartilage defect, created on the distal articular surface of the left radial carpal bone of each horse served as an osteochondral defect model. H-3-PSGAG (500 mg) was injected IM, between 14 and 35 days after creation of the defects. Scintillation analysis of serum and synovial fluid, collected from both middle carpal joints at specific predetermined times up to 96 hours post-injection, revealed mean H-3-PSGAG concentrations peaked at 2 hours post-injection. H-3-PSGAG was detected in cartilage and subchondral bone 96 hours post-injection in samples from all eight horses. There were no statistically significant differences in H-3-PSGAG concentration of synovial fluid or cartilage between cartilage defect and control (right middle carpal) joints. HA assay of synovial fluid revealed concentrations significantly increased at 24, 48, and 96 hours post-injection in both joints. The concentration nearly doubled 48 hours post-injection. However, no statistically significant differences were found between synovial concentrations of HA in cartilage defect and control joints. H-3-PSGAG administered IM to horses, was distributed in the blood, synovial fluid, and articular cartilage. HA concentrations in synovial fluid increased after IM administration of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan. C1 OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,BOREN VET MED TEACHING HOSP,COLL VET MED,DEPT EQUINE SURG & MED,STILLWATER,OK 74078. UNIV OKLAHOMA,HLTH SCI CTR,COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK 73190. US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAM E JONES DVM PI LAKE ELSINORE PA 20225 GRAND AVE, LAKE ELSINORE, CA 92330 SN 0737-0806 J9 J EQUINE VET SCI JI J. Equine Vet. Sci. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 13 IS 12 BP 696 EP 703 DI 10.1016/S0737-0806(06)81570-4 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA MK833 UT WOS:A1993MK83300011 ER PT J AU DEMITRIUS, CA DURAN, AP CHAMBERLAIN, VC HITCHINS, VM AF DEMITRIUS, CA DURAN, AP CHAMBERLAIN, VC HITCHINS, VM TI COMPARISON OF EUROPEAN AND UNITED-STATES BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS FOR ETHYLENE-OXIDE STERILIZATION SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; ETHYLENE OXIDE; MEDICAL DEVICES; INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS AB Biological indicators (BIs) are used to monitor ethylene oxide (EO) gas sterilization processes for medical devices. Several European and United States BIs for EO sterilization were evaluated for resistance according to both United States Pharmacopeia (USP) XXI and United Kingdom's (UK) tests for D-values. US BIs are B. subtilis var. niger spores on paper strips or disc carriers, while European BIs use aluminum strips, quartz sand, or cotton yarn. Numerous BIs per run and runs per lot, as well as 2-3 different lots of BIs from each manufacturer, were examined. Both British a US BIs met their respective label claims for rates of inactivation when tested against British and USP EO test parameters, respectively. However, Danish BIs, on cotton yarn or quartz sand, were not inactivated following USP specifications during the exposure dwell times tested (600 mg L-1 EO, 54-degrees-C, 60% RH, 0-110 min). The Danish BIs will require further testing in order for us to determine if their B. subtilis spores are unusually resistant to EO or if the spore carrier substrates protect the spores from the sterilizing gas. In conclusion, the British and American BIs for EO sterilization are equivalent in resistance despite differences in carrier substrate, recovery conditions, calculation methods for D-values, and the labeled sterilization conditions for use. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH HFZ112,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,MIDWEST LAB MICROBIOL INVEST,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55401. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL JI J. Indust. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 12 IS 6 BP 399 EP 402 DI 10.1007/BF01569671 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA PR144 UT WOS:A1993PR14400006 ER PT J AU CIOFI, P CROWLEY, WR PILLEZ, A SCHMUED, LL TRAMU, G MAZZUCA, M AF CIOFI, P CROWLEY, WR PILLEZ, A SCHMUED, LL TRAMU, G MAZZUCA, M TI PLASTICITY IN EXPRESSION OF IMMUNOREACTIVITY FOR NEUROPEPTIDE-Y, ENKEPHALINS AND NEUROTENSIN IN THE HYPOTHALAMIC TUBEROINFUNDIBULAR DOPAMINERGIC SYSTEM DURING LACTATION IN MICE SO JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Note DE ARCUATE NUCLEUS; LACTATION; MEDIAN EMINENCE; PROLACTIN; TUBEROINFUNDIBULAR ID RAT; NEURONS AB In lactating nursing vs lactating pup-deprived mice, single or multiple immunolabeling was performed to compare immunoreactivities (ir) for neuropeptide Y (NPY), enkephalins (ENK) and neurotensin (NT) in the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-ir hypothalamic tubero-infundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) system. NPY-, ENK- and NT-irs were intensely expressed and co-existed in virtually all TH-ir endings in the median eminence (ME) of nursing mice. Removal of the pups induced a marked depletion of the peptide-irs from the ME TH-ir endings. In the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of colchicine-treated nursing mice which received peripheral injections of Fluoro-Gold (FG) to retrogradely label neuroendocrine cells, virtually all dorsal A12 TH-ir perikarya simultaneously expressed, with individual variations, NPY-, ENK- and NT-irs, and all contained FG. These results suggest that the synthesis of NPY, ENK and NT is enhanced in TIDA neurons during lactation and that these neuromessengers may be co-released together with DA from the ME to regulate the suckling-induced prolactin secretion at the hypothalamic and/or pituitary levels. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT PHARMACOL,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV BORDEAUX 1,NEUROCYTOCHIM FONCTIONNELLE LAB,CNRS,URA 339,F-33405 TALENCE,FRANCE. RP CIOFI, P (reprint author), INSERM,U156,PL VERDUN,F-59045 LILLE,FRANCE. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HO-13703] NR 12 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0953-8194 J9 J NEUROENDOCRINOL JI J. Neuroendocrinol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 5 IS 6 BP 599 EP 602 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00528.x PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA MM533 UT WOS:A1993MM53300001 PM 8680430 ER PT J AU LAJVARDI, A MAZARIN, GI GILLESPIE, MB SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ AF LAJVARDI, A MAZARIN, GI GILLESPIE, MB SATCHITHANANDAM, S CALVERT, RJ TI STARCHES OF VARIED DIGESTIBILITIES DIFFERENTIALLY MODIFY INTESTINAL FUNCTION IN RATS SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE STARCH; COLON; PH; THYMIDINE KINASE; RATS ID DIETARY FIBER; CELL-PROLIFERATION; CARCINOGENESIS; CONSUMPTION; COLON; RAW; PH AB Starches of different digestibilities may enter the colon to different extents and alter colonic function. Male Fischer 344 rats were fed diets containing 25% cooked potato starch, arrowroot starch, high amylose cornstarch or raw potato starch for 6 wk. Fecal weight, transit time, colonic thymidine kinase activity (a marker for cell proliferation), and weight, starch content and pH of the cecum and proximal and distal colon were measured. Raw potato starch was much less completely digested than high amylose cornstarch, resulting in a 32-fold greater amount of undigested starch entering the cecum in the raw potato starch group. Both the high amylose cornstarch and raw potato starch diets significantly enhanced fecal weight and produced large intestinal hypertrophy, effects that were greatest in the raw potato starch group. Raw potato starch feeding was associated with the highest level of thymidine kinase activity, although the differences in thymidine kinase activity among the four groups were not significant. This diet also produced a 50% longer transit time. Entry of a large amount of raw potato starch into the colon resulted in greater luminal acidity, greater luminal bulk and slower transit. A much smaller amount of starch entered the colon in the high amylose cornstarch group and resulted in fecal bulking but no alteration in transit. C1 US FDA,DIV NUTR,MOD-1,HFS-451,LAUREL,MD 20708. NR 30 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 123 IS 12 BP 2059 EP 2066 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA ML888 UT WOS:A1993ML88800003 PM 8263598 ER PT J AU JORDAN, DD AF JORDAN, DD TI OPTICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME USP DRUGS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article AB Optical crystallographic data were determined on a variety of newer USP drugs for which data had not been previously obtained. The ingredients in an unknown sample can be identified by polarized light microscopy by mounting small amounts of the material in successive specific refractive index liquids and determining refractive indices, optic sign, type of extinction, estimated 2V angle, and other optical characteristics for each ingredient present. This information can then be compared with the data listed on known drugs and excipients and all of the ingredients can be identified. To aid in the identification of unknown drugs, optical crystallographic data obtained on 52 of the newer USP drugs are presented. RP JORDAN, DD (reprint author), US FDA,SE REG LAB,60 8TH ST NE,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSN PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 82 IS 12 BP 1269 EP 1271 DI 10.1002/jps.2600821218 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA MJ541 UT WOS:A1993MJ54100017 PM 8308710 ER PT J AU POGUE, GP CAO, XQ SINGH, NK NAKHASI, HL AF POGUE, GP CAO, XQ SINGH, NK NAKHASI, HL TI 5' SEQUENCES OF RUBELLA-VIRUS RNA STIMULATE TRANSLATION OF CHIMERIC RNAS AND SPECIFICALLY INTERACT WITH 2 HOST-ENCODED PROTEINS SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAP-INDEPENDENT TRANSLATION; SUBGENOMIC MESSENGER-RNA; RIBOSOMAL ENTRY SITE; STEM-LOOP STRUCTURE; POLIOVIRUS RNA; STRAND RNA; UNTRANSLATED REGION; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; NONCODING REGION; CELL-PROTEINS AB Sequences at the 5' and 3' ends of the rubella virus (RV) genomic RNA can potentially form stable stem-loop (SL) structures that are postulated to be involved in virus replication. We have analyzed the function of these putative SL structures in RNA translation by constructing chimeric chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) RNAs, flanked either by both 5'- and 3'-terminal sequence domains from the RV genome or several deletion derivatives of the same sequences. After in vitro transcription of chimeric RNAs, the translational efficiencies of these RNAs were compared by the rabbit reticulocyte lysate translation system. For in vivo translation studies, the level of CAT activity was measured for chimeric RV/CAT RNAs expressed in transfected cells by the adenovirus major late promoter. Both in vivo and in vitro translation activities of the chimeric RNAs revealed that the presence of 5' and 3' SL sequences of RV RNA, in correct (+) orientation and context [5'(+)SL and 3'(+)SL, respectively] was necessary for efficient translation of chimeric RV/CAT RNAs. The presence of the RV 5'(+)SL sequence had the primary enhancing effect on translation. To identify host proteins which interact with the 5'(+)SL which may be involved in RV RNA translation, RNA gel-shift and UV cross-linking assays were employed. Two host proteins 59 and 52 kDa in size, present in cytosolic extracts from both uninfected and RV-infected cells, specifically interacted with the RV 5'(+)SL RNA. Direct binding comparisons between wild-type and mutant 5'(+)SL RNAs demonstrated that sequences in and around the bulge region of the terminal stem domain of this structure constituted a protein binding determinant. Human serum, qualified for anti-Ro/SS-A antigen specificity, immunoprecipitated 59- and 52-kDa protein-RNA complexes containing the RV 5'(+)SL RNA. However, poly- and monoclonal antisera raised against the recombinant 60- and 52-kDa Ro proteins failed to precipitate complexes containing the 5'(+)SL RNA. The identity of the proteins binding this RV cis-acting element remains to be determined; however, their role in RV translation is discussed. C1 US FDA,OFF THERAPEUT RES & REV,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,MOLEC PHARMACOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 42 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 67 IS 12 BP 7106 EP 7117 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA MG307 UT WOS:A1993MG30700025 PM 7693967 ER PT J AU VARRICCHIO, F OBIRI, NI HAAS, GP PURI, RK AF VARRICCHIO, F OBIRI, NI HAAS, GP PURI, RK TI IMMUNOSTAINING OF INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTOR ON HUMAN RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA SO LYMPHOKINE AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN-MONOCYTES; CROSS-LINKAGE; GROWTH-FACTOR; FC-EPSILON; T-CELLS; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; MICROENVIRONMENT; LYMPHOKINE AB Immunocytochemistry on three primary cultures of RCC tumor cells and immunohistochemistry on rive frozen sections of RCC were performed by utilizing a monoclonal antibody (M-57) to human IL-4R. We found that all three RCC tumor cell cytospin preparations stained with anti-IL-4R monoclonal antibody. Tumor cells stained with IgG control did not show any staining. Similarly, rive histologically proven RCC frozen sections prepared from nephrectomy specimens had moderate to intense immunoreactivity to IL-4 receptor antibody. RCC sections stained with normal mouse IgG2b showed only background type staining. Frozen section prepared from uninvolved kidney showed only nonspeciflc staining. A now cytometric analysis of primary cultures of RCC tumor cells confirmed the immunohistochemical data and showed that almost all of the cells were positive for IL-4 receptor expression. These results demonstrate that human RCC express immunoreactive IL4 receptors, which may be a target for diagnosis and therapy by an anti-IL-4 receptor antibody fused to toxins or radionuclides or alternatively by IL-4 toxins. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CELLULAR & GENE THERAPIES,HFM 530,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B23,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT UROL,DETROIT,MI 48201. NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0277-6766 J9 LYMPHOKINE CYTOK RES JI Lymphokine Cytokine Res. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 12 IS 6 BP 465 EP 469 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA MN508 UT WOS:A1993MN50800006 PM 8123763 ER PT J AU CHO, BP AF CHO, BP TI STRUCTURE OF OXIDATIVELY DAMAGED NUCLEIC-ACID ADDUCTS - PH-DEPENDENCE OF THE C-13 NMR-SPECTRA OF 8-OXOGUANOSINE AND 8-OXOADENOSINE SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE C-13 NMR; PH DEPENDENCE; H-C-13 COUPLING CONSTANTS; TAUTOMERS; IONIZATION; PROTONATION; NUCLEIC ACID ADDUCTS ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DNA TEMPLATES; BASE-PAIRS; N-15; 8-HYDROXY-2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE; 8-HYDROXYDEOXYGUANOSINE; SPECTROSCOPY; CONFORMATION; TAUTOMERISM; PROTONATION AB C-13 NMR spectra of two C-8-oxo purine nucleosides, 8-oxoguanosine and 8-oxoadenosine, were recorded as a function of pH. The pH dependence of C-13 chemical shifts and C-13-H-1 coupling constants associated with the purine carbon resonances was analyzed to probe the sites and extent of ionization and protonation of these oxidatively damaged nucleic acid adducts. In the course of this study, it was found that the C-2' and C-3' resonances of the ribofuranosyl sugar ring can be conveniently assigned on the basis of their unique pH-independent H-1-coupling spectral patterns in aqueous solution. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0749-1581 J9 MAGN RESON CHEM JI Magn. Reson. Chem. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 31 IS 12 BP 1048 EP 1053 DI 10.1002/mrc.1260311204 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA MM777 UT WOS:A1993MM77700003 ER PT J AU DAVID, M GRIMLEY, PM FINBLOOM, DS LARNER, AC AF DAVID, M GRIMLEY, PM FINBLOOM, DS LARNER, AC TI A NUCLEAR TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE DOWN-REGULATES INTERFERON-INDUCED GENE-EXPRESSION SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-BINDING PROTEIN; FC-GAMMA RECEPTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; STIMULATED TRANSCRIPTION; ALPHA-INTERFERON; CYTOPLASMIC ACTIVATION; HUMAN-CELLS; IFN-GAMMA; PHOSPHORYLATION; INDUCTION AB Alpha and gamma interferons rapidly induce several early response genes in primary human diploid fibroblasts. The transcription rates of these genes are maximal after 1 h of interferon treatment and return to basal levels within 8 h. Three different interferon-activated DNA-binding complexes (ISGF3, GAF, and FcRFgamma) that are responsible for transcriptional activation of cellular genes have been characterized. Assembly of these complexes requires tyrosine phosphorylation of one or more of the protein components. In this report, we demonstrate that a nuclear tyrosine phosphatase is responsible for the deactivation of these interferon-regulated transcription factors and the subsequent transcriptional downregulation of the corresponding genes. Furthermore, tyrosine phosphorylation is required for nuclear localization of the 91-kDa protein that is part of all three interferon-induced transcription complexes. These results provide the first evidence for a nuclear tyrosine phosphatase activity as a mechanism of transcriptional regulation. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 32 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 13 IS 12 BP 7515 EP 7521 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA MJ341 UT WOS:A1993MJ34100034 PM 8246969 ER PT J AU SZABO, G WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A AF SZABO, G WEAVER, JL PINE, PS ASZALOS, A TI SPECIFIC DISENGAGEMENT OF CELL-BOUND ANTI-LAM-1 (ANTI-L-SELECTIN) ANTIBODIES BY AURINTRICARBOXYLIC ACID SO MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR; EPITOPES; BINDING; LAM-1; HIV AB Brief treatment of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with the potential anti-HIV compound aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) prompts the selective release of already bound L-selectin-specific anti-leu8 and anti-LAM1-1 antibodies from the cells. Two other anti-LAM1 antibodies, anti-LAM1-3 and anti-LAM1-5 stay antigen-bound at the same time. interestingly, the ATA-sensitive anti-leu8 strongly competes with the ATA-resistant anti-LAM1-3 for binding. Photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer (pFRET) measurements on flow-sorted cells suggests that these two antibodies compete for the same epitope, while anti-LAM1-5-FITC and anti-Leu8-PE bind to distinct sites, although they also compete for binding. Combining the data on competition, pFRET and ATA effect, we suggest that the ATA sensitive anti-leu8 and resistant anti-LAM1-3 bind to overlapping but non-identical epitopes. This remarkably specific effect may be exploited for designing anti-inflammatory drugs that modulate leukocyte adhesion. C1 UNIV MED SCH DEBRECEN,DEPT BIOPHYS,H-4012 DEBRECEN,HUNGARY. RP SZABO, G (reprint author), US FDA,DIV RES & TESTING,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0161-5890 J9 MOL IMMUNOL JI Mol. Immunol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 30 IS 18 BP 1689 EP 1694 DI 10.1016/0161-5890(93)90444-G PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA MP674 UT WOS:A1993MP67400010 PM 7505884 ER PT J AU HART, RW TURTURRO, A AF HART, RW TURTURRO, A TI DIETARY RESTRICTIONS, FREE-RADICALS, ELECTROPHILES AND GENE STABILITY - PREFACE SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material RP HART, RW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,3900 NCTR RD,HFT-020,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 149 EP 150 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90016-V PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400001 ER PT J AU TURTURRO, A DUFFY, PH HART, RW AF TURTURRO, A DUFFY, PH HART, RW TI MODULATION OF TOXICITY BY DIET AND DIETARY MACRONUTRIENT RESTRICTION SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FOOD RESTRICTION; PROTEIN RESTRICTION; FAT RESTRICTION; INDUCED TOXICITY; FIBER; RISK ASSESSMENT ID CHRONIC CALORIC RESTRICTION; MALE FISCHER-344 RAT; LOW-PROTEIN-DIET; MAMMARY TUMORIGENESIS; COLON CARCINOGENESIS; SOYBEAN PROTEIN; WHEAT BRAN; HIGH-FAT; METABOLISM; FIBER AB Restriction of diet and macronutrients has been reported to modulate the toxicity of numerous chemical agents. Of the various forms of restriction studied, using nutritionally adequate diets, food restriction (FR) appears to be most effective, but protein restriction (PR), fat restriction (FtR), carbohydrate restriction (CbR), and excess of dietary fiber (FE) also affect toxicity and the spontaneous diseases that define the background incidence in toxicity tests. The heterogeneity of the dietary macronutrients complicates simple analysis of their effects. Additionally, the interrelationships between these various components in the complex dietary mixture often make experiments difficult to interpret. Despite these complexities, a simple model is presented, which considers the effects of dietary manipulations on the individual steps in the interaction of organism and agent, and puts the varied effects that can occur within an organism into context. Ultimately, many of the effects of dietary modulation on these steps in toxicogenesis can be considered as changing agent exposure and the biologically available dose. The effects of macronutrient restriction are discussed in terms of effects on agent at the interface of organism and toxicant, agent disposition, agent metabolism, and repair of toxicant-induced damage at the level of the genome. After illustrating the influence of these nutritional effects on the chronic bioassay, using mouse liver tumors as an example, the significance of these effects for chronic and short-term testing is discussed. Additionally, methods to address the impact of nutritional factors on toxicity testing are suggested. RP TURTURRO, A (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,3900 NCTR RD,HFT-020,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 78 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 151 EP 164 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90017-W PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400002 PM 7507554 ER PT J AU FEUERS, RJ WEINDRUCH, R HART, RW AF FEUERS, RJ WEINDRUCH, R HART, RW TI CALORIC RESTRICTION, AGING, AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ANTIOXIDANTS; AGING; CATALASE; FREE RADICALS; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; CALORIC RESTRICTION ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA MUTATIONS; DIETARY RESTRICTION; HEART-MITOCHONDRIA; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; RAT-LIVER; DEGENERATIVE DISEASES; SUPEROXIDE RADICALS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; FOOD RESTRICTION AB The basic mechanisms of aging and its retardation by caloric restriction (CR) remain unclear. One suggested means by which CR could retard aging is based on production of mitochondrial free radicals, and efficiency of their subsequent metabolism. Currently, there is little information concerning the influences of age and CR on the rates of in vivo mitochondrial free radical production. However, evidence for CR-induced modulation of free radical detoxification capacities is mounting. The direction of the influence of CR on free radical detoxification is tissue-specific, These effects are broad and appear to provide positive advantage. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. GRECC,VA,MADISON,WI 53706. RP FEUERS, RJ (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 60 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 191 EP 200 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90020-4 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400005 PM 7507557 ER PT J AU MANJGALADZE, M CHEN, S FRAME, LT SENG, JE DUFFY, PH FEUERS, RJ HART, RW LEAKEY, JEA AF MANJGALADZE, M CHEN, S FRAME, LT SENG, JE DUFFY, PH FEUERS, RJ HART, RW LEAKEY, JEA TI EFFECTS OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON RODENT DRUG AND CARCINOGEN METABOLIZING ENZYMES - IMPLICATIONS FOR MUTAGENESIS AND CANCER SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE CALORIC RESTRICTION; DRUG METABOLISM; CYTOCHROME P450 ID GROWTH-HORMONE SECRETION; MALE FISCHER-344 RAT; FOOD RESTRICTION; MESSENGER-RNA; DIETARY RESTRICTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN-LIVER; GLUCOCORTICOID SULFOTRANSFERASES; HEPATIC CYTOCHROMES-P-450; UDP-GLUCURONYLTRANSFERASE AB Caloric restriction in rodents results in increased longevity and a decreased rate of spontaneous and chemically induced neoplasia. The low rates of spontaneous neoplasia and other pathologies have made calorically restricted rodents attractive for use in chronic bioassays. However, caloric restriction also alters hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) expression and so may also alter the biotransformation rates of test chemicals. These alterations in DME expression may be divided into two types: (1) those that are the direct result of caloric restriction itself and are detectable from shortly after the restriction is initiated; (2) those which are the result of pathological conditions that are delayed by caloric restriction. These latter alterations do not usually become apparent until late in the life of the organism. In rats, the largest direct effect of caloric restriction on liver DMEs is an apparent de-differentiation of sex-specific enzyme expression. This includes a 40-70% decrease in cytochrome P450 2C11 (CYP2C11) expression in males and a 20-30% reduction of corticosterone sulfotransferase activity in females. Changes in DME activities that occur late in life in calorically restricted rats include a stimulation of CYP2E1-dependent 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase activity and a delay in the disappearance of male-specific enzyme activities in senescent males. It is probable that altered DME expression is associated with altered metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens. For example the relative expression of hepatic CYP2C11 in ad libitum-fed or calorically restricted rats of different ages is closely correlated with the amount of genetic damage in 2-acetylaminofluorene- or aflatoxin B-1-pretreated hepatocytes isolated from rats of the same age and caloric intake. This suggests that altered hepatic drug and carcinogen metabolism in calorically restricted rats can influence the carcinogenicity of test chemicals. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV GENET TOXICOL, JEFFERSON, AR 72079 USA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, DEPT INTERDISCIPLINARY TOXICOL, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. NR 143 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES JI Mutat. Res. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 201 EP 222 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90021-T PG 22 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400006 PM 7507558 ER PT J AU CHOU, MW KONG, J CHUNG, KT HART, RW AF CHOU, MW KONG, J CHUNG, KT HART, RW TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON THE METABOLIC-ACTIVATION OF XENOBIOTICS SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CALORIC RESTRICTION; AFLATOXIN B1; BENZO[A]PYRENE; XENOBIOTIC METABOLIZING ENZYMES; AFB1-DNA ADDUCT; BP-DNA ADDUCT ID DNA ADDUCT FORMATION; FOOD RESTRICTION; RAT-LIVER; FISCHER-344 RAT; DIETARY FACTORS; MODIFYING ROLE; DIOL EPOXIDES; AFLATOXIN-B1; CARCINOGENESIS; INVITRO AB The effect of caloric restriction (CR) on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities results in alterations in the metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens, with a resultant impact on DNA-carcinogen adduct formation and DNA repair. Using aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP) as model carcinogens, we studied the effect of CR on the metabolic activation of these carcinogens and carcinogen-induced DNA damage and repair in terms of AFB1-DNA and BP-DNA adduct formation and removal. Male Fischer 344 rats fed calorie restricted diets (60% of the food consumption for ad libitum-fed rats) showed a reduction in the metabolic activation of AFB1 and decrease in both the in vitro and in vivo AFB1-DNA adduct formation. However, CR increased the activity of BP metabolizing enzymes resulting in an enhancement of BP-DNA adduct formation. Our results indicate that the effect of CR on metabolic activation of xenobiotics is dependent upon the selected xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes whose activities may be significantly altered by CR, and upon the nature of the chemical carcinogens which exert different structure-activity relationships during the process of chemically induced carcinogenesis. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. MEMPHIS STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MEMPHIS,TN 38152. RP CHOU, MW (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTRIT TOXICOL,HFT-140,3900 NCTR RD,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU PHS HHS [NC 92B02] NR 57 TC 27 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 223 EP 235 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90022-U PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400007 PM 7507559 ER PT J AU RANDERATH, K ZHOU, GD HART, RW TURTURRO, A RANDERATH, E AF RANDERATH, K ZHOU, GD HART, RW TURTURRO, A RANDERATH, E TI BIOMARKERS OF AGING - CORRELATION OF DNA I-COMPOUND LEVELS WITH MEDIAN LIFE-SPAN OF CALORICALLY RESTRICTED AND AD-LIBITUM FED RATS AND MICE SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DNA MODIFICATIONS; I-COMPOUNDS; LIFE-SPAN; BIOMARKERS; CALORIC RESTRICTION; RAT; MOUSE; P-32 POSTLABELING ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; CHOLINE-DEVOID DIET; LIVER DNA; CELLULAR SENESCENCE; OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; AGE; REDUCTION; ADDUCTS; CANCER; KIDNEY AB I-compounds are species-, tissue-, genotype-, gender-, and diet-dependent bulky DNA modifications whose levels increase with animal age. While a few of these DNA modifications represent oxidation products, the majority of I-compounds appear to be derived from as yet unidentified endogenous DNA-reactive intermediates other than reactive oxygen species. Circadian rhythms of certain I-compounds in rodent liver imply that levels of these DNA modifications are precisely regulated. Caloric restriction (CR), the currently most effective method available to retard aging and carcinogenesis, has been previously shown to elicit significant elevations of I-compound levels in tissue DNA from Brown-Norway (BN) and F-344 rats as compared to age-matched ad libitum fed (AL) animals. The present investigation has extended this work by examining liver and kidney DNA I-compound levels in three genotypes of rats (F-344, BN, and F-344 x BN) and two genotypes of mice (C57BL/6N and B6D2F1) under identical experimental conditions in order to determine whether correlations exist between I-compound levels, measured in middle-aged animals, and median lifespan. Levels of a number of liver and kidney I-compounds were found to display genotype- and diet-dependent, statistically significant positive linear correlations with median lifespan in both species. In particular, the longer-lived hybrid F-344 x BN rats and B6D2F1 mice tended to exhibit higher I-compound levels than the parent strains. CR enhanced I-compound levels substantially in both rats and mice. Thus, I-compounds, measured at middle age, reflected the functional capability ('health') of the organism at old age, suggesting their predictive value as biomarkers of aging. The positive linear correlations between levels of certain I-compounds (designated as type I) and lifespan suggest that these modifications may be functionally important and thus not represent endogenous DNA lesions (type II), whose levels would be expected to correlate inversely with lifespan. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP RANDERATH, K (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,DIV TOXICOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R37 CA 32157]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 07750]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES 04917] NR 68 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 247 EP 263 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90024-W PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400009 PM 7507561 ER PT J AU SRIVASTAVA, VK MILLER, S SCHROEDER, MD HART, RW BUSBEE, D AF SRIVASTAVA, VK MILLER, S SCHROEDER, MD HART, RW BUSBEE, D TI AGE-RELATED-CHANGES IN EXPRESSION AND ACTIVITY OF DNA-POLYMERASE ALPHA - SOME EFFECTS OF DIETARY RESTRICTION SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DNA SYNTHESIS; DNA POLYMERASE; DIETARY RESTRICTION; AGING; FIDELITY OF SYNTHESIS; ACCESSORY PROTEIN ID SENESCENT HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; CYCLE-DEPENDENT GENES; CELL-CYCLE; DECREASED FIDELITY; WI-38 FIBROBLASTS; ACCESSORY PROTEIN; SYNTHESIS INVITRO; STRAND SYNTHESIS; GROWTH-FACTORS; AGING MICE AB DNA polymerase (alpha (pol alpha) purified from human diploid fibroblasts (HDF) and from livers of C57BL/6N mice showed age-related decreases in: (1) mRNA levels; (2) the amount of enzyme isolated per cell; and (3) enzyme activity (HDF); as well as: a) the amount of enzyme isolated; b) the specific activity; and c) the enzyme fidelity (liver). Hepatic pol alpha from dietary restricted (DR) mice exhibited less of a decline in specific activity and copied synthetic DNA templates with relatively higher fidelity than did enzymes from animals fed ad libitum (AL). Pol alpha from fetal-derived HDF exhibited increased expression compared with aged donor-derived HDF, with both fetal and old cell pol alpha in normal cells being expressed at lower levels than in their transformed cell corollaries. Treatment of human pol alpha from aged donor-derived HDF with a pol alpha accessory protein isolated from log phase murine cells resulted in increased pol alpha binding of DNA and increased pol alpha activity. However, highly active pol alpha isolated from fetal-derived or transformed HDF, or from transformed murine cells, showed little or no activity enhancement in the presence of accessory protein. These data indicate that, as a function of increased age, there is a decrease in pol alpha expression and specific activity in HDF, as well as decreases in specific activity and fidelity of pol alpha in essentially amitotic murine hepatic tissues. Dietary restriction impedes the age-related declines in both activity and fidelity of hepatic pol alpha in mice. The data further indicate that transformation of slowly dividing HDF is associated with increased expression of pol alpha, but suggest that increased expression alone is not sufficient to explain the difference in polymerase activity levels between parental and transformed HDF. Lastly, the data suggest that interaction of pol alpha with an essential accessory protein may be altered as a function of age, an alteration that appears to be correlated with the decline in pol alpha DNA binding and specific activity. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV, COLL VET MED, DEPT ANAT & PUBL HLTH, COLL STN, TX 77843 USA. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES, DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT, JEFFERSON, AR 72075 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG07739, AG06347] NR 89 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES JI Mutat. Res. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 265 EP 280 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90025-X PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400010 PM 7507562 ER PT J AU HASS, BS HART, RW LU, MH LYNCOOK, BD AF HASS, BS HART, RW LU, MH LYNCOOK, BD TI EFFECTS OF CALORIC RESTRICTION IN ANIMALS ON CELLULAR FUNCTION, ONCOGENE EXPRESSION, AND DNA METHYLATION IN-VITRO SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CALORIC RESTRICTION; CELLULAR PROLIFERATION, TRANSFORMATION; ONCOGENE ACTIVATION; DNA METHYLATION ID MYC PROTOONCOGENE EXPRESSION; DIETARY RESTRICTION; EMBRYO FIBROBLASTS; GLUCOSE STARVATION; PANCREATIC-CANCER; MICE; CELLS; PROLIFERATION; RATS; RAS AB While the life-extending and disease-modulating effects of caloric restriction (CR) are well documented in whole animal studies and in correlative experiments using cells taken from CR animals, very few studies have used cells in culture after their removal from the CR-fed animal. In using this in vivo --> in vitro approach we have attempted to examine the proposition that the effects of CR can be transferred to individual cells by analyzing the cellular functions of proliferation and transformation, the activation of oncogenes, and the methylation of DNA as a function only of diet. Pancreatic acinar cells excised from CR-fed Brown-Norway rats and placed in rich medium showed different responses compared to cells from ad libitum (AL)-fed controls. CR had the effect of slowing growth rate and protecting against spontaneous and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)-induced transformation over 14 passages of cells in culture. At the molecular level, cells from the CR animals showed reduced c-Ha-ras oncogene expression and mutation as well as reduced mutation of the p53 suppressor gene. CR also increased genomic methylation of ras DNA. We conclude that the effects of CR treatment of the animal are transferred to individual cells and note that these responses (decreased proliferation and transformation; depressed oncogene expression and mutation and decreased suppressor gene mutation; and increased oncogene methylation) are cellular and molecular analogs of in vivo weight loss, life extension, and carcinogenesis modulation, which are hallmarks of CR in the whole animal. The fact that these responses are seen generations after the cells are removed from the CR-treated animal indicates that CR causes a permanent predisposition of pancreatic acinar cells to these modulated responses and shows the value of the in vivo --> in vitro protocol in studies that relate diet to cellular and molecular function. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP HASS, BS (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,FOOD & DRUG ADM,DIV NUTRIT TOXICOL,3900 NCTR RD,HFT-140,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 50 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD DEC PY 1993 VL 295 IS 4-6 BP 281 EP 289 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(93)90026-Y PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA MV034 UT WOS:A1993MV03400011 PM 7507563 ER PT J AU LU, ZB DOUTHITT, MP TAFFS, RE RAN, YX NORWOOD, LP CHUMAKOV, KM AF LU, ZB DOUTHITT, MP TAFFS, RE RAN, YX NORWOOD, LP CHUMAKOV, KM TI QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF THE MUTANT ANALYSIS BY PCR AND RESTRICTION ENZYME CLEAVAGE (MAPREC) SO PCR-METHODS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; POLIOVIRUS VACCINE; SEQUENCE; RNA; DNA AB Quantitation of virus revertants by PCR and restriction enzyme cleavage may give nonlinear results and, in some cases, produce artifacts caused by nucleotide misincorporation and heteroduplex formation, occurring during PCR. Modifications of the procedure allowed us to overcome these problems and develop a highly sensitive and reliable method of mutant quantitation. This procedure can be used to assess the quality of live vaccines and to study heterogeneity of viral and bacterial populations. RP LU, ZB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS PI PLAINVIEW PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, PLAINVIEW, NY 11724 SN 1054-9803 J9 PCR METH APPL JI PCR-Methods Appl. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 3 IS 3 BP 176 EP 180 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA MM596 UT WOS:A1993MM59600006 PM 8118399 ER PT J AU REVELLE, LK DOUB, WH WILSON, RT HARRIS, MH RUTTER, AM AF REVELLE, LK DOUB, WH WILSON, RT HARRIS, MH RUTTER, AM TI IDENTIFICATION AND ISOLATION OF CHLORHEXIDINE DIGLUCONATE IMPURITIES SO PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CHLORHEXIDINE DIGLUCONATE; IMPURITIES; IDENTIFICATION; ISOLATION; HPLC-MS; FLASH CHROMATOGRAPHY; HPLC-UV ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RESOLUTION; PRODUCTS AB We report the identification of 11 impurities in variously stressed chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) solutions. The structural assignment of each CHG impurity involved tentative identification from HPLC-MS data followed by synthesis of the appropriate standard, isolation of the impurity from the CHG solution by flash chromatography, and comparison of HPLC-MS, HPLC-UV, and NMR data of the impurity with the standard. Six of the synthetic impurity standards represent new compounds. Degradation studies of CHG solutions systematically stressed by heat, light, and low pH are reported with identification and approximate quantification of resulting impurities. Degradation mechanisms were proposed for each set of stress conditions applied to CHG solutions. Parallels were noted between the way CHG degrades in the thermospray interface of the HPLC-MS and the way CHG degrades with shelf time. Similarities were noted in the synthetic starting materials of CHG and the final degradation products. C1 USDA,FSIS MIDWESTERN LAB,ST LOUIS,MO 63115. RP REVELLE, LK (reprint author), US FDA,DIV DRUG ANAL,1114 MARKET ST,ROOM 1002,ST LOUIS,MO 63101, USA. NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 12 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0724-8741 J9 PHARMACEUT RES JI Pharm. Res. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 10 IS 12 BP 1777 EP 1784 DI 10.1023/A:1018986501194 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MN096 UT WOS:A1993MN09600014 PM 8302766 ER PT J AU LYTLE, CD WAGNER, SJ PRODOUZ, KN AF LYTLE, CD WAGNER, SJ PRODOUZ, KN TI ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF GILVOCARCIN-V PLUS UVA RADIATION SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HERPES-VIRUS; INACTIVATION; REACTIVATION; INHIBITION; LIGHT AB Gilvocarcin V (GV), a coumarin, is a nucleic acid photosensitizer that is phototoxic to bacteria and mammalian cells at picomolar levels in the presence of near-W radiation (UVA). We evaluated the effectiveness of GV plus UVA for inactivation of several viruses, including herpes simplex virus, type 1 (HSV) and the bacterial viruses phi X174, T7, PRD 1 and phi 6. Some inactivation of the bacterial viruses was observed with UVA radiation alone (4-50% survival at 26 kJ/m(2)). Additional photosensitized inactivation was observed only with T7 and phi 6 at 2.0 mu M GV. On the other hand, HSV was photoinactivated with concentrations of GV three orders of magnitude lower (1.0 nM). Similar to the case with UV (254 nm) inactivation, the GV-UVA survival curve for HSV indicated multicomponent inactivation kinetics, which could not be explained by photobleaching of GV. The wide range of photosensitivities of these viruses to GV cannot be adequately explained by models based only on viral nucleic acid content or presence of lipid envelopes. C1 AMER RED CROSS,JEROME H HOLLAND LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD. RP LYTLE, CD (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 58 IS 6 BP 818 EP 821 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb04976.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA MQ238 UT WOS:A1993MQ23800008 PM 8310002 ER PT J AU MILLER, SA BEER, JZ STRICKLAND, AG ZMUDZKA, BZ AF MILLER, SA BEER, JZ STRICKLAND, AG ZMUDZKA, BZ TI SPECTRAL EFFECTS IN ACTIVATION OF THE HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS PROMOTER BY PSORALENS PLUS ULTRAVIOLET-A TREATMENT SO PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV PROMOTER ACTIVATION; CELL KILLING; UV RADIATION SPECTRUM; 8-METHOXYPSORALEN; PUVA ID PSORIASIS; PHOTOPHERESIS; EXPRESSION; TYPE-1; INVIVO; MICE AB The effects of PUVA treatment on HIV promoter activation and cell killing in HIV cat/HeLa cells were studied using two UV sources, a UVASUN sunlamp and a WAR Photoactivation Chamber. A 4 to 5 times higher dose of ultraviolet radiation was required from the UVASUN lamp than from the UVAR lamps: 1) to activate the HIV promoter in the presence of 0.1 or 1.0 mu g/ml 8-MOP and 2) to reduce cell survival to a level of 10%, in the presence of 0.1 or 1.0 mu g/ml 8-MOP. In addition, exposures performed with a fixed dose of 20 kJ/m(2) at varying concentrations of 8-MOP, required a 4.7 times higher combined PUVA dose from the UVASUN lamp than from the UVAR lamps. Two possible sources of these differences were analyzed: (1) the presence of UVB + UVA2 (280-340 nm) in the radiation emitted by the UVAR, but not the UVASUN lamp, and its potential biological activity independent of 8-MOP, and (2) the difference in the overlap of the emission spectra of the two lamps with the absorption spectrum of 8-MOP. The area of overlap was higher for the UVAR lamp than for the UVASUN lamp by a factor of 4.6, which is close to the difference between these two lamps in induction of the HIV promoter and killing HeLa cells. This indicates that the effectiveness of a particular UVA source used in combination with 8-MOP can be predicted by its congruence to the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizing drug. RP MILLER, SA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH HFZ134,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0905-4383 J9 PHOTODERMATOL PHOTO JI Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 9 IS 6 BP 262 EP 267 PG 6 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA MK546 UT WOS:A1993MK54600006 ER PT J AU LYTLE, CD CYR, WH BEER, JZ MILLER, SA JAMES, RH LANDRY, RJ JACOBS, ME KACZMAREK, RG SHARKNESS, CM GAYLOR, D DEGRUIJL, FR VANDERLEUN, JC AF LYTLE, CD CYR, WH BEER, JZ MILLER, SA JAMES, RH LANDRY, RJ JACOBS, ME KACZMAREK, RG SHARKNESS, CM GAYLOR, D DEGRUIJL, FR VANDERLEUN, JC TI AN ESTIMATION OF SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA RISK FROM ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION EMITTED BY FLUORESCENT LAMPS SO PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; FLUORESCENT LAMP; RISK ASSESSMENT ID CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; SKIN-CANCER; UV-B; OUTDOOR; MUTAGENICITY; ASSOCIATION; PSORIASIS; EXPOSURE; SUNBURN; INDOOR AB The risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from ultraviolet radiation (UV) emitted by unfiltered fluorescent lamps was assessed. The assessment employed a mathematical power model based on human epidemiological data, which relates the SCC incidence in the United States white population to ambient solar UV. The annual numbers of new SCC on anatomical sites chronically exposed to solar UV (head/face/neck and hands) were estimated for indoor workers. Then the number of SCC that may be caused by additional UV exposure from indoor fluorescent lighting was estimated: the lifetime exposure of indoor workers to typical fluorescent lighting (if unfiltered) may add 3.9% (1.6-12%) to the risk from solar W, resulting in the induction of an additional 1500 (600-4500) SCC per annum in the United States. This calculated projection must be compared with the 110,000 SCC caused by solar exposure. Thus, this analysis suggests there may be a small increased risk of SCC from exposure to UV-emitting fluorescent lamps. C1 UNIV UTRECHT,UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP LYTLE, CD (reprint author), CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,HFZ-112,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0905-4383 J9 PHOTODERMATOL PHOTO JI Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 9 IS 6 BP 268 EP 274 PG 7 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA MK546 UT WOS:A1993MK54600007 ER PT J AU SWANN, JP AF SWANN, JP TI ACTIVISTS AND ADVOCATES - TORONTO HEALTH DEPARTMENT, 1883-1983 - MACDOUGALL,H SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN LA English DT Book Review RP SWANN, JP (reprint author), US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0272-3433 J9 PUBL HISTORIAN JI Public Hist. PD WIN PY 1993 VL 15 IS 1 BP 84 EP 85 PG 2 WC History SC History GA KQ401 UT WOS:A1993KQ40100011 ER PT J AU CAIRNS, T LUKE, MA CHIU, KS NAVARRO, D SIEGMUND, EG AF CAIRNS, T LUKE, MA CHIU, KS NAVARRO, D SIEGMUND, EG TI MULTIRESIDUE PESTICIDE ANALYSIS BY ION-TRAP TECHNOLOGY - A CLEANUP APPROACH FOR MASS-SPECTRAL ANALYSIS SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY AB Previous studies using the ion trap as a potential replacement for an array of element-sensitive detectors indicated that only semi-quantitative results at the 50-100 ppb range could be obtained for 245 pesticides because of interfering endogenous sample matrix-compounds. The development of a new clean-up procedure for a wide range or fruits and vegetables, specifically for use in an ion trap, has been undertaken to improve recoveries at the low ppm level to within analytically acceptable ranges (80-120%). This clean-up involved the use of three solid-phase extractions. The use of a C-18 SepPak column removed the majority of hydrocarbon-like molecules while the anion-exchange column (QMA) removed all colored compounds and flavors, and finally the use of an aminopropyl column removed all sugars. Preliminary results from this study using 24 selected pesticides in four different sample matrices have indicated an acceptable improvement over previous results. RP CAIRNS, T (reprint author), US FDA,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,OFF REGULATORY AFFAIRS,DIST LAB,1521 W PICO BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 7 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 7 IS 12 BP 1070 EP 1076 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290071203 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA MM787 UT WOS:A1993MM78700002 ER PT J AU DOERGE, DR BAJIC, S LOWES, S AF DOERGE, DR BAJIC, S LOWES, S TI MULTIRESIDUE ANALYSIS OF SULFONAMIDES USING LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE CHEMICAL-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID SULFAMETHAZINE; RESIDUES; HUMANS; MILK AB Sulfonamide antibiotics are widely used to prevent bacterial infections in livestock, and residues are commonly found in milk and meat. This is of toxicological and regulatory concern because sulfamethazine produces thyroid tumors in rodents. Unadulterated milk was purified using solid-phase extraction and six sulfonamides were added prior to analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The mass spectra of all sulfonamides consisted exclusively of protonated molecules at low sampling cone voltage and, under these conditions, estimated detection limits were 0.05-0.5 ng, corresponding to 0.25-2.5 ppb in milk. The response curve for sulfamethazine was linear over a concentration range (1.25-20 ppb) that encompasses the regulatory level of interest in milk (10 ppb). Increasing the sampling cone voltage caused collision-induced dissociation of sulfonamides that resulted in formation of ions that are diagnostic for the variable heterocyclic base and constant sulfanilyl portions of the molecule. At intermediate sampling cone voltages, multiple fragment ions were formed with reproducible intensity ratios. This process can be used to provide additional confirmation of target sulfonamides. Monitoring a common fragment ion formed at high sampling cone voltage permitted class-specific multiresidue detection of the six sulfonamides with minimal losses in sensitivity. An analytical method is proposed for the detection, confirmation and quantification of sulfonamides and metabolites in milk with sensitivity equal to or greater than those obtained with less specific methods involving liquid chromatography with a UV detector. The relative simplicity of this technique and the availability of benchtop instrumentation suggests that routine screening and confirmation analyses of sulfonamide contaminants in milk is practicable. C1 FISONS INSTRUMENTS VG BIOTECH,ALTRINCHAM WA14 5RZ,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. RP DOERGE, DR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 17 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 7 IS 12 BP 1126 EP 1130 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290071214 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA MM787 UT WOS:A1993MM78700013 ER PT J AU WHITTAKER, P VANDERVEEN, JE DINOVI, MJ KUZNESOF, PM DUNKEL, VC AF WHITTAKER, P VANDERVEEN, JE DINOVI, MJ KUZNESOF, PM DUNKEL, VC TI TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE, CURRENT USE, AND REGULATORY ISSUES ON EDTA COMPOUNDS FOR ASSESSING USE OF SODIUM IRON EDTA FOR FOOD FORTIFICATION SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article RP WHITTAKER, P (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 18 IS 3 BP 419 EP 427 DI 10.1006/rtph.1993.1067 PG 9 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA MK583 UT WOS:A1993MK58300005 PM 8128003 ER PT J AU BOWERS, J BROWN, B SPRINGER, J TOLLEFSON, L LORENTZEN, R HENRY, S AF BOWERS, J BROWN, B SPRINGER, J TOLLEFSON, L LORENTZEN, R HENRY, S TI RISK ASSESSMENT FOR AFLATOXIN - AN EVALUATION BASED ON THE MULTISTAGE MODEL SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE AFLATOXIN; RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER POTENCY; MULTISTAGE MODELS ID HEPATITIS-B VIRUS; PRIMARY LIVER-CANCER; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; TRANSGENIC MICE; EXPOSURE; HEPATOCARCINOGENS; PATHOGENESIS; ACTIVATION; INFECTION; CHINA AB Lifetime cancer potency of alfatoxin was assessed based on the Yeh et al. study from China in which both aflatoxin exposure and hepatitis B prevalence were measured. This study provides the best available information for estimating the carcinogenic risk posed by aflatoxin to the U.S. population. Cancer potency of aflatoxin was estimated using a biologically motivated risk assessment model. The best estimate of aflatoxin potency was 9 (mg/kg/day)-1 for individuals negative for hepatitis B and 230 (mg/kg/day)-1 for individuals positive for hepatitis B. RP BOWERS, J (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0272-4332 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 13 IS 6 BP 637 EP 642 DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1993.tb01325.x PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA MN631 UT WOS:A1993MN63100005 PM 8310162 ER PT J AU SHAW, LM BONNER, HS FIELDS, L LIEBERMAN, R AF SHAW, LM BONNER, HS FIELDS, L LIEBERMAN, R TI THE USE OF CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS OF PARENT DRUG AND METABOLITES DURING CLINICAL-TRIALS SO THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY CY MAY 25-28, 1993 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP INT ASSOC THERAPEUT DRUG MONITORING & CLIN TOXICOL DE CLINICAL TRIALS; PHARMACOKINETICS; PHARMACODYNAMICS; ETHYOL; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE DRUGS; CYCLOSPORINE-G; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID ID CYCLOSPORINE; PHARMACOKINETICS; RS-61443; BLOOD AB The need for well-designed pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) studies early in the development of new drugs is described. In this review we illustrate the application and cost-effectiveness of optimal sampling theory in PK study design for ongoing clinical trial studies of ethyol, a chemoprotector drug. The importance of careful selection of the appropriate biological fluid in which to measure drug concentration at the earliest possible stage of new drug development is described in the context of the development of new immunosuppressive drugs. We focus on the requirement for well-validated analytical methodology in PK-PD studies, described in a discussion of the analytical methodology in use in clinical trials of two immunosuppressive agents, cyclosporin G and RS-61443 (mycophenolate mofetil). C1 UNIV PENN,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0163-4356 J9 THER DRUG MONIT JI Ther. Drug Monit. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 15 IS 6 BP 483 EP 487 DI 10.1097/00007691-199312000-00005 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA MH845 UT WOS:A1993MH84500005 PM 8122281 ER PT J AU LIEBERMAN, R NELSON, R AF LIEBERMAN, R NELSON, R TI DOSE-RESPONSE AND CONCENTRATION RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS - CLINICAL AND REGULATORY PERSPECTIVES SO THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY CY MAY 25-28, 1993 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP INT ASSOC THERAPEUT DRUG MONITORING & CLIN TOXICOL DE DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS; CONCENTRATION; RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP; REGULATORY PERSPECTIVES ID LIVER AB There are a number of effective but highly toxic drugs that exhibit a narrow therapeutic index and marked intersubject variability in pharmacokinetics (PK). Examples of these drugs include digoxin, theophylline, aminoglycosides, and anticancer (methotrexate) and immunosuppressive agents (cyclosporin A and FK-506). Optimal therapy with such drugs requires therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in order to safely obtain the desired clinical effects. The success of concentration-guided therapy with these drugs underscores the importance of using TDM and pharmacodynamic response (PD) to establish an appropriate balance of efficacy and toxicity through individualization of dosing. Although dose control has been the traditional paradigm for defining efficacy, safety, and dose response, it has recently been proposed that a concentration-oriented strategy of drug evaluation may facilitate the discovery of optimal doses and expedite new drug approval. However, as in medical therapeutics, the implementation of concentration-guided drug development may add to the complexity and cost. Therefore, it is important to assess the relative merits and limitations of dose-response and concentration-response (CR) strategies for establishing rational dosage information (e.g., a useful therapeutic range). Critical factors that have. an effect on the ability to characterize dose-response/concentration-response relationships in clinical trials include study design, compliance, method of analysis, and sources of pharmacologic (PK-PD) variability. In this report, we describe the state of the art, based on a selected survey of successful dose-response studies. We give an example of a promising alternative strategy for evaluating CR for an immunosuppressive drug (FK-506) based on target drug concentrations extrapolated from preclinical models. RP LIEBERMAN, R (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,STAFF COLL,PARKLAWN BLDG,ROOM 9B-04,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0163-4356 J9 THER DRUG MONIT JI Ther. Drug Monit. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 15 IS 6 BP 498 EP 502 DI 10.1097/00007691-199312000-00008 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA MH845 UT WOS:A1993MH84500008 PM 8122284 ER PT J AU MCMICHAEL, J LIEBERMAN, R DOYLE, H MCCAULEY, J VANTHIEL, D THOMSON, A FUNG, J STARZL, TE AF MCMICHAEL, J LIEBERMAN, R DOYLE, H MCCAULEY, J VANTHIEL, D THOMSON, A FUNG, J STARZL, TE TI COMPUTER-GUIDED CONCENTRATION-CONTROLLED TRIALS IN AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS SO THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING AND CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY CY MAY 25-28, 1993 CL PHILADELPHIA, PA SP INT ASSOC THERAPEUT DRUG MONITORING & CLIN TOXICOL DE CONCENTRATION-CONTROLLED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; DYNAMIC DOSING; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES ID FK-506 AB A randomized concentration-controlled clinical trial (RCCCT) is an alternate experimental design to the standard dose-controlled study. In a RCCCT, patients are randomly assigned to predefined plasma or blood drug concentration ranges (low, medium, and high). With the caveat that concentration ranges are sufficiently separated, this design should enhance the ability to discover important concentration response relationships. FK-506, a potent and promising immunosuppressive agent for prevention and treatment of graft rejection, has shown significant clinical activity in some immune-mediated disorders. To implement the RCCCT design, a novel FK-506 intelligent dosing system (IDS) was used to guide all doses to prospectively achieve the target concentration range specified in the study protocol. Patients enrolled in these trials suffered from a variety of autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, psoriasis, autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, and nephrotic syndrome. We observed excellent predictive performance of the IDS for all patients. The accuracy (mean prediction error) of the IDS was -0.022 ng/ml and the precision (standard deviation of the prediction error) was 0.119 ng/ml. Thus, the IDS is both accurate and reproducible for autoimmune patients. We conclude that the RCCCT design, guided by an accurate and precise IDS, is an informative and cost-effective approach for evaluation of efficacy and safety of effective but highly toxic agents. C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,STAFF COLL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. OKLAHOMA TRANSPLANT INST,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. RP MCMICHAEL, J (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH,INST TRANSPLANTAT,3601 5TH AVE,5C FALK CLIN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213, USA. RI Fung, John/A-2679-2012 NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0163-4356 J9 THER DRUG MONIT JI Ther. Drug Monit. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 15 IS 6 BP 510 EP 513 DI 10.1097/00007691-199312000-00010 PG 4 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA MH845 UT WOS:A1993MH84500010 PM 7510078 ER PT J AU DHAWAN, S WEEKS, BS ABBASI, F GRALNICK, HR NOTKINS, AL KLOTMAN, ME YAMADA, KM KLOTMAN, PE AF DHAWAN, S WEEKS, BS ABBASI, F GRALNICK, HR NOTKINS, AL KLOTMAN, ME YAMADA, KM KLOTMAN, PE TI INCREASED EXPRESSION OF ALPHA-4-BETA-1 AND ALPHA-5-BETA-1 INTEGRINS ON HTLV-1-INFECTED LYMPHOCYTES SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID TROPICAL SPASTIC PARAPARESIS; T-CELL RECOGNITION; HTLV-I; ADHESION MOLECULES; FIBRONECTIN; VIRUS; ANTIBODIES; RECEPTOR; BINDING; VLA-4 C1 NIDR,DEV BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,CTR CLIN,HEMATOL SERV,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,TUMOR CELL BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP DHAWAN, S (reprint author), US FDA,MOLEC VIROL LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. RI klotman, mary/A-1921-2016 NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD DEC PY 1993 VL 197 IS 2 BP 778 EP 781 DI 10.1006/viro.1993.1656 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA MH092 UT WOS:A1993MH09200032 PM 7504369 ER PT J AU WANG, JH RAZZAQUE, A AF WANG, JH RAZZAQUE, A TI MAPPING AND DNA-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF THE CYTOMEGALOVIRUS TRANSFORMING DOMAIN-III (MTRIII) SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; TRANSFORMING DNA; MTRIII ID IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENE; PROMOTER-REGULATORY REGION; EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS; KAPOSIS SARCOMA; STRAIN AD169; PLASMID DNA; C127 CELLS; CMV DNA; EXPRESSION; FRAGMENTS AB The transforming activity of XbaI fragment E (map units 0.685-0.770) of human cytomegalovirus Towne strain was originally localized in two terminal segments, 3 kb XbaI-BamHI EM (mtrII) and 7.5 kb BamHI-XbaI EJ (mtrIII). Three immediate-early genes, IE1 to IE3, are located in the same region (map unit 0.685-0.770), and IE1 is located in the EJ fragment. IE1 protein increases chromatin transcriptional activity and causes alteration in chromatin conformation. In this study, we have investigated the potential transforming activity of IE1, IE1 plus its promoter-regulatory region (IE P/R), and the remaining fragment of EJ after deletion of IE1 plus IE P/R. Our results clearly demonstrate that IE1 or IE1 plus IE P/R is not involved in transformation, and that the transforming activity of mtrIII is located in a 2.1 kb SalI-XbaI subfragment of EJ. DNA sequence analysis reveals four putative open reading frames (ORFs) Ll, L2, L3 and R1 in the 2.1 kb fragment. The data from the deletion clones of the 2.1 kb fragment and also by disruption of individual ORFs by restriction enzyme digestion, suggest that a complete ORF L3 or R1 may be essential but not sufficient for the transforming activity. Because significant reduction in transforming activity is obtained by interrupting ORFs L1 and L2, these ORFs may be required for the full transforming activity. C1 CBER,FDA,DIV VIRAL PROD,DNA VIRUS RES LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC PY 1993 VL 30 IS 3 BP 221 EP 238 DI 10.1016/0168-1702(93)90092-2 PG 18 WC Virology SC Virology GA MK285 UT WOS:A1993MK28500001 PM 8109157 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI MEDICAL DEVICE TRACKING RULE SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,OFF HLTH AFFAIRS,PARKLAWN BLDG,5600 FISHERS LN,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 1 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 17 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 19 BP 2283 EP 2283 DI 10.1001/jama.270.19.2283 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MF993 UT WOS:A1993MF99300006 PM 8230583 ER PT J AU FREASLUTZ, DL CORRELL, PH DOUGHERTY, SF PLUZNIK, DH KARLSSON, S AF FREASLUTZ, DL CORRELL, PH DOUGHERTY, SF PLUZNIK, DH KARLSSON, S TI IDENTIFICATION OF RETROVIRAL ENHANCERS PROMOTERS FOR EFFICIENT EXPRESSION OF HUMAN GLUCOCEREBROSIDASE IN MACROPHAGES SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NINCDS,MOLEC & MED GENET SECT,DEV & METAB NEUROL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOLOG EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 10 SU 1 BP A32 EP A32 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MJ682 UT WOS:A1993MJ68200118 ER PT J AU JAIN, VK SHIMA, T JUDDE, JG MAX, EE MAGRATH, IT AF JAIN, VK SHIMA, T JUDDE, JG MAX, EE MAGRATH, IT TI HIGH-LEVELS OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER ACTIVITY IN EBV TRANSFORMED HUMAN FETAL LIVER PRO-B CELLS MAY BE RELEVANT TO THE GENESIS OF THE TRANSLOCATIONS SEEN IN BURKITTS-LYMPHOMA SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIH,PEDIAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CBER,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 10 SU 1 BP A189 EP A189 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MJ682 UT WOS:A1993MJ68200742 ER PT J AU KEVILLE, EA ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB TERLE, DA VOSTAL, JG AF KEVILLE, EA ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB TERLE, DA VOSTAL, JG TI POTENTIATION OF PLATELET ACTIVATION BY PURIFIED HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 10 SU 1 BP A606 EP A606 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MJ682 UT WOS:A1993MJ68202407 ER PT J AU MURGO, AJ CONTRERA, JG SISTARE, FD AF MURGO, AJ CONTRERA, JG SISTARE, FD TI EVIDENCE FOR SEPARATE CALCIUM SIGNALING PURINOCEPTORS FOR ADENOSINE-DIPHOSPHATE AND URIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE IN THE DAMI HUMAN MEGAKARYOCYTIC LEUKEMIA-CELL LINE SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,LAUREL,MD. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 10 SU 1 BP A72 EP A72 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MJ682 UT WOS:A1993MJ68200276 ER PT J AU PASTAKIA, KB TERLE, DA BROWNSON, NE POINDEXTER, BJ AF PASTAKIA, KB TERLE, DA BROWNSON, NE POINDEXTER, BJ TI AMPHOTERICIN B-INDUCED ABNORMALITIES IN HUMAN PLATELETS SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 10 SU 1 BP A162 EP A162 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MJ682 UT WOS:A1993MJ68200631 ER PT J AU VOSTAL, JG KEVILLE, EA TERLE, DA FRATANTONI, JC AF VOSTAL, JG KEVILLE, EA TERLE, DA FRATANTONI, JC TI CAMP INHIBITS PLATELET TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION BY PREVENTING CYTOSOLIC CALCIUM ELEVATION SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL RES & EVALUAT,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 10 SU 1 BP A157 EP A157 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA MJ682 UT WOS:A1993MJ68200611 ER PT J AU YAMAUCHI, A BLOOM, ET AF YAMAUCHI, A BLOOM, ET TI REQUIREMENT OF THIOL COMPOUNDS AS REDUCING AGENTS FOR IL-2-MEDIATED INDUCTION OF LAK ACTIVITY AND PROLIFERATION OF HUMAN NK CELLS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY; TOXIC LYMPHOCYTES-T; CYTOLYTIC LYMPHOCYTES; TARGET-CELL; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; REDOX REGULATION; SERINE ESTERASE; GRANZYME-A; GLUTATHIONE AB Thiol-related compounds, such as L-cystine, 2-ME or reduced glutathione (GSH), are important in many lymphoid cell activation pathways. We investigated their role in IL-2-generated lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity in human NK (CD16+ and/or CD56+) cells. Depletion of GSH and L-Cystine, but not L-leucine or glycine, from medium used during culture of NK cells with IL-2 inhibited LAK and proliferative activities, whereas IL-2-independent lytic function of NK cells remained intact. Addition of L-cysteine, 2-ME or GSH, but not methylated analogs of these compounds (which cannot function as proton donors) to L-cystine/GSH-depleted medium restored proliferative response of NK cells and LAK generation. In the presence of L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, IL-2-induced LAK activity and proliferation of NK cells in medium without L-cystine and GSH, could be restored, at least in part, by addition of GSH, but not 2-ME or L-cystine. Furthermore, intracellular GSH levels were depressed in cells cultured in L-cystine/GSH-depleted medium but could be restored by the addition of 2-ME. The results suggest that (1) L-cystine or thiol containing compounds such as L-cysteine, 2-ME, or GSH are necessary for effective IL-2-activation of human NK cells, (2) these compounds must be functional proton-donors, i.e., reducing agents, implying regulation of the IL-2 activation pathway by oxidation-reduction, and (3) GSH synthesis is necessary for the activation. Experiments were performed to begin to dissect the redox-sensitive step(s) in LAK development. Depletion of reducing agents had no effect on internalization of rIL-2. In contrast, intracellular granzyme A activity was significantly depressed in NK cells cultured with rIL-2 in L-cystine/GSH-depleted medium compared with those cultured in medium in which L-cystine levels had been replenished. The findings suggest that step(s) in the transduction of the IL-2 signal in NK cells, between the internalization of IL-2 and the maturation of the lytic mechanism, are subject to regulation by oxidation-reduction. C1 US FDA,CBER,DCGT,HFM-518,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 46 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 151 IS 10 BP 5535 EP 5544 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MF995 UT WOS:A1993MF99500043 PM 8228244 ER PT J AU DONNELLY, RP CROFFORD, LJ FREEMAN, SL BURAS, J REMMERS, E WILDER, RL FENTON, MJ AF DONNELLY, RP CROFFORD, LJ FREEMAN, SL BURAS, J REMMERS, E WILDER, RL FENTON, MJ TI TISSUE-SPECIFIC REGULATION OF IL-6 PRODUCTION BY IL-4 - DIFFERENTIAL-EFFECTS OF IL-4 ON NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA-B ACTIVITY IN MONOCYTES AND FIBROBLASTS SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN-4; HEPATOCYTE-STIMULATING FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; BLOOD MONOCYTES; FACTOR-ALPHA; HUMAN PROINTERLEUKIN-1-BETA AB IL-4 inhibits production of certain proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6, by activated monocytes. Although monocytes are a major source of IL-6, other cell types such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells can also express this cytokine. To determine whether IL-4 inhibits IL-6 expression in non-hemopoietic cells, we investigated the effects of IL-4 on IL-6 production in both primary human fibroblasts and fibroblast lines. Rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts were evaluated in these studies because, like monocytes, they produce high levels of IL-6 when stimulated with IL-1. Although peripheral blood monocytes did not constitutively express IL-6 mRNA or protein, stimulation with IL-1 or LPS induced de novo IL-6 expression in these cells. In contrast, synovial fibroblasts displayed a significant basal level of IL-6 production, which was markedly increased after stimulation with IL-1. IL-4 suppressed IL-6 expression in monocytes, but did not inhibit IL-6 production in synovial fibroblasts. The inability of IL-4 to suppress IL-6 synthesis in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts was not caused by a lack of IL-4R and was not unique to these cells because IL-4 also failed to inhibit IL-6 production in normal fibroblast lines derived from other tissues. Inhibition of IL-6 production by IL-4 in monocytes was associated with decreased nuclear NF-kappaB levels. However, IL-4 does not globally suppress the activity of all DNA-binding proteins because IL-4 treatment did not reduce the levels of NF-IL-6 or NF-IL-1betaB in the same cells. Because NF-kappaB activation is required for transcription of many cytokine genes, including IL-6, the ability of IL-4 to suppress NF-kappaB activity in monocytes suggests a potential mechanism by which this molecule may inhibit the expression of multiple cytokines. C1 NIAMSD,ARTHRITIS & RHEUMAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. BOSTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02118. BOSTON UNIV,MED CTR,EVANS MEM DEPT CLIN RES,BOSTON,MA 02118. RP DONNELLY, RP (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BLDG 29A,ROOM 2B-11,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. RI Crofford, Leslie/J-8010-2013 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 29088] NR 65 TC 83 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 151 IS 10 BP 5603 EP 5612 PG 10 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA MF995 UT WOS:A1993MF99500050 PM 8228249 ER PT J AU GRAKOUI, A MCCOURT, DW WYCHOWSKI, C FEINSTONE, SM RICE, CM AF GRAKOUI, A MCCOURT, DW WYCHOWSKI, C FEINSTONE, SM RICE, CM TI A 2ND HEPATITIS-C VIRUS-ENCODED PROTEINASE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE POLYPROTEIN PROCESSING; FLAVIVIRUS; ANTIVIRAL ID YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; WEST NILE FLAVIVIRUS; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEINS; EXPRESSION; SITES; PESTIVIRUSES; POLYPROTEIN; SEQUENCES; CLEAVAGES; DOMAIN AB Host and viral proteinases are believed to be required for the production of at least nine hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific polyprotein cleavage products. Although several cleavages appear to be catalyzed by host signal peptidase or the HCV NS3 serine proteinase, the enzyme responsible for cleavage at the 2/3 site has not been identified. In this report, we have defined the 2/3 cleavage site and obtained evidence which suggests that this cleavage is mediated by a second HCV-encoded proteinase, located between aa 827 and 1207. This region encompasses the C-terminal portion of the 23-kDa NS2 protein, the 2/3 cleavage site, and the serine proteinase domain of NS3. Efficient processing at the 2/3 site was observed in mammalian cells, Escherichia coli, and in plant or animal cell-free translation systems in the absence of microsomal membranes. Cleavage at the 2/3 site was abolished by alanine substitutions for NS2 residues His-952 or Cys-993 but was unaffected by several other substitution mutations, including those that inactivate NS3 serine proteinase function. Mutations abolishing cleavage at the 2/3 site did not block cleavage at other sites in the HCV polyprotein. Cotransfection experiments indicate that the 2/3 site can be cleaved in trans, which should facilitate purification and further characterization of this enzyme. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MOLEC MICROBIOL,660 S EUCLID AVE,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. US FDA,CTR EVALUAT & BIOL RES,DIV VIROL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA57973] NR 29 TC 335 Z9 345 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 15 PY 1993 VL 90 IS 22 BP 10583 EP 10587 DI 10.1073/pnas.90.22.10583 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MH322 UT WOS:A1993MH32200036 PM 8248148 ER PT J AU SCALLET, AC BINIENDA, Z CAPUTO, FA HALL, S PAULE, MG ROUNTREE, RL SCHMUED, L SOBOTKA, T SLIKKER, W AF SCALLET, AC BINIENDA, Z CAPUTO, FA HALL, S PAULE, MG ROUNTREE, RL SCHMUED, L SOBOTKA, T SLIKKER, W TI DOMOIC ACID-TREATED CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS (MACACA-FASCICULARIS) - EFFECTS OF DOSE ON HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONAL AND TERMINAL DEGENERATION SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE EXCITOTOXIN; KAINIC ACID; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; FINK-HEIMER (SILVER) DEGENERATION; C-FOS; GFAP; SEAFOOD; EMESIS ID SUSTAINED ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; EPILEPTIC BRAIN-DAMAGE; KAINIC ACID; MACACA-FASCICULARIS; FOS EXPRESSION; PERFORANT PATH; RATS; PATTERNS; MICE; NEUROTOXICITY AB Domoic acid is a tricarboxylic amino acid (structurally related to kainic acid and glutamic acid) that is found in the environment as a contaminant of some seafood. To determine the nature of any neurological damage caused by domoate, as well as the minimum neurotoxic dose, juvenile and adult monkeys were dosed intravenously with domoate at one of a range of doses from 0.25 to 4 mg/kg. When animals were perfused one week later, histochemical staining using a silver method to reveal degenerating axons and cell bodies showed two distinct types of hippocampal lesions. One lesion, termed 'Type A', was a small focal area of silver grains restricted to CA2 stratum lucidum, the site of greatest kainic acid receptor concentration in the brain. Type A lesions occurred over a dose range of 0.5 to 2.0 mg/kg in juvenile animals and 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg in adult animals. No mortality occurred in any of the juvenile monkeys, but one juvenile animal that received 4.0 mg/kg sustained a second type of lesion, termed 'Type B', characterized by widespread damage to pyramidal neurons and axon terminals of CA4, CA3, CA2, CA1, and subiculum subfields of the hippocampus. Doses of more than 1.0 mg/kg in the adult monkeys either proved lethal or resulted in Type B lesions. Induction of c-fos protein had occurred in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and CA1 regions of moribund animals perfused within hours of their initial dose. Our results show that relatively low doses of domoic acid selectively effect mossy fiber terminals, that larger (near lethal) doses damage hippocampal pyramidal neurons and their axons, that some moribund monkeys had experienced limbic seizures prior to death, and that adult animals are more sensitive to domoic acid than juveniles. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP SCALLET, AC (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,HFT-132,3900 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 31 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD NOV 12 PY 1993 VL 627 IS 2 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(93)90335-K PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ME690 UT WOS:A1993ME69000018 PM 8298975 ER PT J AU ARAKI, T KENIMER, JG NISHIMUNE, A SUGIYAMA, H YOSHIMURA, R KIYAMA, H AF ARAKI, T KENIMER, JG NISHIMUNE, A SUGIYAMA, H YOSHIMURA, R KIYAMA, H TI IDENTIFICATION OF THE METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-1 PROTEIN IN THE RAT TRIGEMINAL GANGLION SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Note DE MGLUR1; SOMATIC SENSATION; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; IMMUNOBLOTTING; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; TRIGEMINAL GANGLION ID AMINO-ACID RECEPTORS; DORSAL HORN; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; EXPRESSION; NEURONS; FAMILY; GENES; BRAIN AB Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor-1 monoclonal antibody was raised and applied for immunohistochemistry in the rat trigeminal ganglion. The antibody detected 145-kDa single band of protein in the immunoblot analysis. In immunohistochemistry, neurons in the trigeminal ganglion showed immunostaining with various intensity, almost irrespective of their cell size. The results indicate that metabotropic glutamate receptors play an important role in somatic sensation together with ionotropic ones. C1 OSAKA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROANAT,BIOMED RES CTR,SUITA,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. US FDA,CELLULAR PHYSIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. KYUSHU UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT BIOL,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. RP ARAKI, T (reprint author), OSAKA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT ANAT & NEUROSCI,2-2 YAMADOAKA,SUITA,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. RI Kiyama, Hiroshi/M-8867-2014; OI Kiyama, Hiroshi/0000-0001-5963-046X; Araki, Toshiyuki/0000-0003-3625-2042 NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD NOV 12 PY 1993 VL 627 IS 2 BP 341 EP 344 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(93)90339-O PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ME690 UT WOS:A1993ME69000022 PM 8298977 ER PT J AU BEAUCAGE, SL IYER, RP AF BEAUCAGE, SL IYER, RP TI THE SYNTHESIS OF SPECIFIC RIBONUCLEOTIDES AND UNRELATED PHOSPHORYLATED BIOMOLECULES BY THE PHOSPHORAMIDITE METHOD SO TETRAHEDRON LA English DT Review ID D-MYO-INOSITOL; SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; CASEIN-RELATED PEPTIDES; PHOSPHITE-TRIESTER PHOSPHORYLATION; TERT-BUTYL N,N-DIETHYLPHOSPHORAMIDITE; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; SERINE-CONTAINING PEPTIDES; MYOINOSITOL 1,4,5-TRISPHOSPHATE ANALOGS; PHOSPHOTYROSINE-CONTAINING PEPTIDES; PHOSPHOSERYL-CONTAINING PEPTIDES RP US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, DIV HEMATOL PROD, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 267 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4020 J9 TETRAHEDRON JI Tetrahedron PD NOV 12 PY 1993 VL 49 IS 46 BP 10441 EP 10488 DI 10.1016/S0040-4020(01)81543-X PG 48 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA MG235 UT WOS:A1993MG23500002 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE - BEYOND MEDWATCH - REPLY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 10 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 18 BP 2180 EP 2180 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ME816 UT WOS:A1993ME81600023 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI METERED-DOSE INHALERS - DRUG-DELIVERY OVER THE LIFE OF A CANISTER - REPLY SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 3 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 17 BP 2051 EP 2051 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MD882 UT WOS:A1993MD88200012 ER PT J AU BIRX, DL LEWIS, MG VAHEY, M TENCER, K ZACK, PM BROWN, CR JAHRLING, PB TOSATO, G BURKE, D REDFIELD, R AF BIRX, DL LEWIS, MG VAHEY, M TENCER, K ZACK, PM BROWN, CR JAHRLING, PB TOSATO, G BURKE, D REDFIELD, R TI ASSOCIATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6 IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTELY FATAL SIV(SMM/PBJ-14) IN PIGTAILED MACAQUES SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; LONG TERMINAL REPEATS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; SOOTY MANGABEYS; GROWTH-FACTOR; FACTOR-ALPHA; T-CELLS; INFECTION AB Infection with a variant of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsmm/PBj-14) causes death in juvenile pigtailed macaques awithin 8 days of infection. The primary pathology is localized to the lymphoid tissues of the gut and spleen. Although the virus is present, the lesions are most consistent with acute reactive inflammation. We studied the serum and tissues for evidence of acute cytokine production often associated with acute inflammation. One factor, IL-6, was found to be significantly increased (>1000-fold) over all other measured cytokines in all the pigtailed macaques who died acutely. Increased levels of IL-6 were found both in the serum and in the inflamed tissues. mRNA for IL-6 was found in the tissues with the highest protein levels of IL-6. The marked increase in IL-6 and IL-6 mRNA correlated with the virus levels in the tissues and serum as determined by viral isolation, immunohistochemistry, and Northern blot analysis. These findings suggest that the underlying pathogenesis of primary tissue damage, necrosis, and death by PBj-14 is the induction of cytokine production. Although the presence of the virus may be critical for the initiation of these events, the intense inflammatory reaction is associated with the cause of death. C1 HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. WRAIR,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DEPT PATHOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,DIV DIS ASSESSMENT,FREDERICK,MD 21702. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD. RP BIRX, DL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT RETROVIRAL RES,13 TAFT COURT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. OI /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU NIAID NIH HHS [NIAID 1U01A125619-01] NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 9 IS 11 BP 1123 EP 1129 DI 10.1089/aid.1993.9.1123 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA MK130 UT WOS:A1993MK13000011 PM 8312054 ER PT J AU KIM, I YETLEY, EA CALVO, MS AF KIM, I YETLEY, EA CALVO, MS TI VARIATIONS IN IRON-STATUS MEASURES DURING THE MENSTRUAL-CYCLE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE IRON; HEMOGLOBIN; MENSTRUATION; FERRITIN; TRANSFERRIN SATURATION; NHANES-II ID PROGESTERONE; DEFICIENCY AB To determine whether normal physiologic changes associated with hormone fluctuations over the menstrual cycle affect concentrations of iron-status indicators, we examined data from 1712 women aged 18-44 y from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) after adjusting for potential confounders. Adjusted mean values of hemoglobin (Hb), transferrin saturation (TS), and serum ferritin (SF) were lowest for women whose blood was drawn during menses and highest for women examined in luteal or late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (Hb = 130 vs 133 g/L; TS = 21.2% vs 24.8%, P < 0.01 for both; and SF = 17.2 vs 24.0 mug/L, P < 0.05). The prevalence estimate of impaired iron status was significantly higher for women whose blood was drawn during the menstrual phase than for women whose blood was drawn during the luteal and late luteal phases. Our findings suggest that the phases of the menstrual cycle affect the concentration or values of iron-status indicators. These cyclic variations in indicators of iron status are a potential source of error when iron status is assessed in large population surveys that include women of reproductive age. C1 CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR CHRON DIS PREVENT & HLTH PROMOT,PUBL HLTH PRACTICE STAFF,ATLANTA,GA. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF PREMARKET APPROVAL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,OFF SPECIAL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 33 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 58 IS 5 BP 705 EP 709 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA ME259 UT WOS:A1993ME25900020 PM 8237879 ER PT J AU PARK, YMK YETLEY, EA AF PARK, YMK YETLEY, EA TI INTAKES AND FOOD SOURCES OF FRUCTOSE IN THE UNITED-STATES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE FRUCTOSE INTAKE; FOOD SOURCES OF FRUCTOSE; FRUCTOSE AVAILABILITY; GLUCOSE-FRUCTOSE RATIO ID ENERGY-INTAKE; DIETARY; CHILDREN AB Examination of the per capita disappearance data for sweeteners and other sources of fructose showed that during the past two decades there was a considerable increase in the availability of free fructose in the food supply. However, the availability of the total amount of fructose, which includes both free and bound fructose, has remained relatively constant. Estimates of the average daily intake of fructose, based on the 1977-78 USDA Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, ranged from 15 g for infants to 54 g for males aged 15-18 y with a mean of 37 g for the total population. These values represent 7-9% of the energy intake (8% for the total population). For most sex/age groups nonalcoholic beverages (eg, soft drinks and fruit-flavored drinks) and grain products (eg, sweet bakery products) were the major sources of fructose; fruits and fruit products were the major sources of naturally occurring fructose; nonalcoholic beverages were the major sources of added fructose. RP US FDA, OFF SPECIAL NUTR, HFS-465, 200 C ST SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20204 USA. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 58 IS 5 SU S BP 737 EP 747 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA MF185 UT WOS:A1993MF18500004 ER PT J AU MERKATZ, R AF MERKATZ, R TI PROGRESS NOTES ON WOMENS HEALTH SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article RP MERKATZ, R (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 93 IS 11 BP 75 EP & PG 0 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA MF661 UT WOS:A1993MF66100026 ER PT J AU FOULKES, MA DEYTON, LR ELLENBERG, SS AF FOULKES, MA DEYTON, LR ELLENBERG, SS TI COMMUNITY-BASED HIV TRIALS ARE RIGOROUS, SAYS NIH SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP FOULKES, MA (reprint author), NIAID,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 1993 VL 119 IS 9 BP 956 EP 957 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MD711 UT WOS:A1993MD71100027 PM 8215014 ER PT J AU HONIG, PK SEVKA, MJ AF HONIG, PK SEVKA, MJ TI VENTRICULAR-FIBRILLATION AND ANOXIC ENCEPHALOPATHY SECONDARY TO ASTEMIZOLE OVERDOSE - COMMENT SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter RP HONIG, PK (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV PULM & ONCOL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 27 IS 11 BP 1407 EP 1407 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MG743 UT WOS:A1993MG74300026 PM 8286824 ER PT J AU MICELI, GA WATKINS, WD RIPPEY, SR AF MICELI, GA WATKINS, WD RIPPEY, SR TI DIRECT PLATING PROCEDURE FOR ENUMERATING VIBRIO-VULNIFICUS IN OYSTERS (CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA) SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYTOTOXIN-HEMOLYSIN GENE; MARINE VIBRIO; ENVIRONMENT; AGAR; IDENTIFICATION; VIRULENCE; CHOLERAE AB A procedure for enumerating and identifying Vibrio vulnificus in oysters was developed and evaluated. This method consists of growth on a direct plating medium (VVE medium) for isolating the organism from shellfish tissues, followed by biochemical tests for differentiating and identifying presumptively positive isolates. Densities of V. vulnificus are reliably obtained in 2 to 4 days, and as few as 10 culturable cells per 100 g can be identified. The procedure was evaluated by using a DNA probe technique specific for the cytotoxin-hemolysin gene of V. vulnificus and gas chromatographic analysis of the fatty acid contents of positive isolates. Only 3.2 and 0.4% of the isolates gave false-positive and false-negative results, respectively. The average level of recovery on WE medium for 33 strains, including both clinical and environmental isolates, was 92% of the level of recovery obtained with brain heart infusion agar supplemented with 1% NaCl. The densities of V. vulniificus in oyster homogenates and individual oysters harvested from gulf and Atlantic coastal waters revealed that seasonally high levels occurred. The WE medium procedure facilitated enumeration of this pathogen in molluscan shellfish and had a distinct advantage over the widely used most-probable-number procedure for V. vulnificus enumeration, which requires 5 to 7 days and often gives improbable and imprecise results. C1 US FDA,NE TECH SERV UNIT,N KINGSTOWN,RI 02852. UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT MICROBIOL,KINGSTON,RI 02881. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 59 IS 11 BP 3519 EP 3524 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA ME660 UT WOS:A1993ME66000001 PM 8285658 ER PT J AU MILLER, HI HUTTNER, SL BEACHY, R AF MILLER, HI HUTTNER, SL BEACHY, R TI RISK ASSESSMENT EXPERIMENTS FOR GENETICALLY-MODIFIED PLANTS SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 SCRIPPS RES INST, DIV PLANT BIOL, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SYST WIDE BIOTECHNOL RES & EDUC PROGRAM, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP MILLER, HI (reprint author), US FDA, OFF BIOTECHNOL, ROOM 15-61, 5600 FISHERS LANE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20816 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD NOV PY 1993 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1323 EP 1324 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA MF872 UT WOS:A1993MF87200033 ER PT J AU TELLO, D GOLDBAUM, FA MARIUZZA, RA YSERN, X SCHWARZ, FP POLJAK, RJ AF TELLO, D GOLDBAUM, FA MARIUZZA, RA YSERN, X SCHWARZ, FP POLJAK, RJ TI 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE AND THERMODYNAMICS OF ANTIGEN-BINDING BY ANTILYSOZYME ANTIBODIES SO BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 647th Meeting of the Biochemical-Society CY JUL 20-23, 1993 CL UNIV SHEFFIELD, SHEFFIELD, UNITED KINGDOM SP BIOCHEM SOC HO UNIV SHEFFIELD ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN RECOGNITION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; FAB FRAGMENTS; COMPLEX; RESOLUTION; D1.3; FV C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. UNIV MARYLAND,INST BIOTECHNOL,CTR ADV RES BIOTECHNOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP TELLO, D (reprint author), INST PASTEUR,F-75724 PARIS 15,FRANCE. NR 21 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0300-5127 J9 BIOCHEM SOC T JI Biochem. Soc. Trans. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 21 IS 4 BP 943 EP 946 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MN412 UT WOS:A1993MN41200029 PM 8132099 ER PT J AU DOERGE, DR CLAYTON, J FU, PP WOLFE, DA AF DOERGE, DR CLAYTON, J FU, PP WOLFE, DA TI ANALYSIS OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS USING LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY PARTICLE-BEAM MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPE-DILUTION; INTERFACE AB Methods employing liquid chromatography with particle beam mass spectrometric (LC/PBMS) detection were developed to detect and quantify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and oxygenated metabolites in sediment and water samples from the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska. PAH containing four or more rings and selected hydroxy and dione derivatives gave nanogram detection limits. The mass spectra from PAH were identical to those in a standard electron impact library and underivatized oxygenated PAH spectra consisted of molecular and diagnostic fragment ions. Sensitivity for PBMS detection was inversely correlated with PAH volatility, suggesting that losses of the more volatile PAH occur through the momentum separator interface. These results suggest that LC/PBMS is a useful companion technique to GC/MS for the analysis of PAH and environmental metabolites, especially for higher-molecular-weight congeners. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92121. NOAA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP DOERGE, DR (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 32 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1052-9306 J9 BIOL MASS SPECTROM JI Biol. Mass Spectrom. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 22 IS 11 BP 654 EP 660 DI 10.1002/bms.1200221106 PG 7 WC Biophysics; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Spectroscopy GA ME268 UT WOS:A1993ME26800005 ER PT J AU RUHL, S FELDMAN, GM AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH AF RUHL, S FELDMAN, GM AKAHANE, K PLUZNIK, DH TI INTERFERON-GAMMA ANTAGONIZES INTERLEUKIN-6-INDUCED EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-4 RECEPTORS IN MURINE MYELOID CELLS BY A TRANSCRIPTIONAL MECHANISM SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; COLONY FORMATION; LEUKEMIC-CELLS; IL-4 RECEPTOR; IFN-GAMMA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; IMMUNE INTERFERON; RECOMBINANT HUMAN; GENE-EXPRESSION C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3B-19,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20014. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 1 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 9 BP 2641 EP 2648 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA ME657 UT WOS:A1993ME65700007 PM 8219219 ER PT J AU AZIZ, KJ MAXIM, PE AF AZIZ, KJ MAXIM, PE TI THE FDAS PERSPECTIVE ON THE EVALUATION OF TUMOR-MARKER TESTS SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16TH ANNUAL ARNOLD O BECKMAN CONF IN CLINICAL CHEMISTRY : CLINICAL LABORATORY TESTING IN CANCER PATIENT DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT CY FEB 07-08, 1993 CL LAKE BUENA VISTA, FL SP ARNOLD & MABEL BECKMAN FDN DE GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES AB Cancer marker tests are often proposed for three intended uses: screening, diagnosis, and monitoring. For each intended use, performance characteristics need to be well defined. The utility of a marker in a given setting depends heavily on two predominant performance characteristics-sensitivity and specificity. These parameters must be established with respect to the intended clinical use of the marker. The value of the marker in a particular situation also depends on the effectiveness of therapy for the malignancy. In reviewing a cancer marker test, the US Food and Drug Administration focuses on both the proposed intended use statement and the clinical utility of the marker. The sponsor is expected to provide specific claims data in support of the safety and effectiveness of the device through well-designed and -executed clinical studies. Several cancer markers are already available. In the future, new markers are anticipated that may greatly expand the range of usefulness in cancer diagnosis screening and monitoring. C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV CLIN LAB DEVICES,IMMUNOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV CLIN LAB DEVICES,TOXICOL BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RP AZIZ, KJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,OFF DEVICE EVALUAT,DIV CLIN LAB DEVICES,CLIN CHEM BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 39 IS 11B BP 2439 EP 2443 PN 2 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA MF589 UT WOS:A1993MF58900011 PM 8222256 ER PT J AU BREUNINGER, LM DEMPSEY, WL UHL, J MURASKO, DM AF BREUNINGER, LM DEMPSEY, WL UHL, J MURASKO, DM TI HYDROCORTISONE REGULATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6 PROTEIN-PRODUCTION BY A PURIFIED POPULATION OF HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HEPATOCYTE-STIMULATING FACTOR; HYBRIDOMA GROWTH-FACTOR; IL-6 MESSENGER-RNA; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE LPS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; MULTIPLE FORMS; FACTOR-ALPHA C1 US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. STERLING WINTHROP,DEPT INFLAMMAT,RENSSELAR,NY 12144. RP BREUNINGER, LM (reprint author), MED COLL PENN,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,2900 QUEEN LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG03934]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH19129]; PHS HHS [R N00014-87-0386] NR 54 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0090-1229 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 69 IS 2 BP 205 EP 214 DI 10.1006/clin.1993.1171 PG 10 WC Immunology; Pathology SC Immunology; Pathology GA MC285 UT WOS:A1993MC28500012 PM 8403558 ER PT J AU BELL, WL CRAWFORD, IL SHIU, GK AF BELL, WL CRAWFORD, IL SHIU, GK TI REDUCED BIOAVAILABILITY OF MOISTURE-EXPOSED CARBAMAZEPINE RESULTING IN STATUS EPILEPTICUS SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article DE CARBAMAZEPINE; BIOAVAILABILITY; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; HUMIDITY; DRUG TOXICITY ID INVITRO AB A 28-year-old man with seizures well controlled with carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproate (VPA) developed generalized convulsive status epilepticus three days after his CBZ tablets became wet during a rainstorm while he was camping out. He continued the CBZ but avoided ingesting obviously disintegrating tablets. The VPA was not exposed to excessive moisture. Previous random CBZ blood levels had been in the range of 9-13 mu g/ml; at the time of admission to the emergency room the level had decreased to 3.8 mu g/ml. The VPA level did not change significantly from baseline. The moisture-exposed CBZ tablets were of expected weight but were swollen and enlarged. Analysis of these tablets by USP paddle method 2 demonstrated a mean dissolution of 16% at 60 min as compared with >80% for fresh CBZ tablets. After final dissolution of the moisture-exposed CBZ tablets, normal quantities of active drug were noted. We propose that poor dissolution of moisture-exposed CBZ tablets results in reduced bioavailability. We urge caution in the packaging and storage of CBZ to avoid exposure to moisture. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,DALLAS,TX. US FDA,BIOPHARMACEUT RES BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1102 EP 1104 DI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02140.x PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA MM460 UT WOS:A1993MM46000020 PM 8243363 ER PT J AU BEGLEY, TH HOLLIFIELD, HC AF BEGLEY, TH HOLLIFIELD, HC TI RECYCLED POLYMERS IN FOOD-PACKAGING - MIGRATION CONSIDERATIONS SO FOOD TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP BEGLEY, TH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 6 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0015-6639 J9 FOOD TECHNOL-CHICAGO JI Food Technol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 47 IS 11 BP 109 EP 112 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA MG821 UT WOS:A1993MG82100016 ER PT J AU WAMER, WG RONG, W TIMMER, WC KORNHAUSER, A AF WAMER, WG RONG, W TIMMER, WC KORNHAUSER, A TI OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO DNA IN PSORALEN PHOTOSENSITIZED CYTOTOXICITY SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 15 IS 5 BP 529 EP 529 DI 10.1016/0891-5849(93)90404-I PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA MD267 UT WOS:A1993MD26700220 ER PT J AU URANO, T TRUCKSESS, MW PAGE, SW AF URANO, T TRUCKSESS, MW PAGE, SW TI AUTOMATED AFFINITY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SYSTEM FOR ONLINE ISOLATION, SEPARATION, AND QUANTITATION OF AFLATOXINS IN METHANOL-WATER EXTRACTS OF CORN OR PEANUTS SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POST-COLUMN DERIVATIZATION; SAMPLE CLEANUP; ANIMAL FEEDS; FOODS AB An automated liquid chromatography (LC) procedure has been developed for the determination of aflatoxins in corn and peanuts. The automated LC system consists of the following: two pumps, an autosampler, an isolation column (immunoaffinity or methacrylate copolymer), an automated switching valve, a C18 column, an electrochemical cell, a fluorescence detector, and a data system. Filtered methanol: water (75:25) extracts of the test portions are injected into the LC system. With the switch in position 1, water is pumped through the autosampler and isolation column and then discarded. With the switch in position 2, the mobile phase consisting of methanol:acetonitrile:water (26:18:56), 1 mM KBr, and 1 mM HNO3 is pumped through the isolation column, C18 column, electrochemical cell, and detector. Aflatoxins B1 and G1 react with electrochemically generated bromine to form fluorescent derivatives. Both isolation columns can be used for >50 injections. Recovery of aflatoxins from both commodities spiked at 5-30 ng/g was about 85%. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV NAT PROD,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1982 EP 1985 DI 10.1021/jf00035a031 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MH755 UT WOS:A1993MH75500031 ER PT J AU MOSSOBA, MM MCDONALD, RE PROSSER, AR AF MOSSOBA, MM MCDONALD, RE PROSSER, AR TI GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC MATRIX-ISOLATION FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC DETERMINATION OF TRANS-MONOUNSATURATED AND SATURATED FATTY-ACID METHYL-ESTERS IN PARTIALLY HYDROGENATED MENHADEN OIL SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHOLESTEROL LEVELS; GC-FTIR; SPECTROMETRY; IDENTIFICATION; QUANTITATION AB Elaidic acid (t-18:1) has been the focus of a literature debate about its effect on blood cholesterol levels. A method is presented that can accurately quantify the level of t-18:1, a single geometric isomer, in hydrogenated menhaden oil. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The t-18:1 FAME and related trans-monounsaturated and saturated compounds were quantitated by linear regression analysis from the intensities of the 971- and 1121-cm-1 infrared bands, respectively. The 971-cm-1 band is produced for trans geometric isomers only; thus, interference from cis isomers, due to GC peak overlap, is eliminated. At an iodine value of 78, the t-18:1 composition of hydrogenated menhaden oil was 2.6% by weight. The use of internal standards was essential for quantitation. Satisfactory repeatability was achieved for quantitation of FAMEs from duplicate high-performance liquid chromatographic fractions; the t-18:1 FAME weight percent varied by 7.4%. C1 US FDA,NATL CTR FOOD SAFETY & TECHNOL,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. US FDA,DIV FOOD PROC & PACKAGING,OFF PLANT & DAIRY FOODS & BEVERAGES,SUMMIT ARGO,IL 60501. RP MOSSOBA, MM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV GEN SCI SUPPORT,OFF SCI ANAL & SUPPORT,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 41 IS 11 BP 1998 EP 2002 DI 10.1021/jf00035a035 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MH755 UT WOS:A1993MH75500035 ER PT J AU HEIKES, DL AF HEIKES, DL TI PROCEDURE FOR SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CHLORINATED FATTY-ACID BLEACHING ADDUCTS IN FLOUR AND FLOUR-CONTAINING FOOD ITEMS UTILIZING ACID HYDROLYSIS-METHYLATION AND FLORISIL COLUMN CLEANUP TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; PRODUCTS AB The identification of chlorinated fatty acid adducts formed during the bleaching of flour with chlorine and chlorine dioxide was previously accomplished utilizing chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The current, and subsequent, research has culminated in the formation of a method that has been used to quantify six different classes of isomers of these adducts in flour and flour-containing table-ready food items. The bleaching adducts were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide and purified via acid hydrolysis-methylation and Florisil column chromatography. Determination was accomplished with gas chromatography using electrolytic conductivity detection (GC-ELCD). The most prominent adducts were the dichlorooctadecenoic acid isomers [18:1 (Cl, CI)] and isomers of chlorohydroxyoctadecenoic acid [18:1 (Cl, OH)] with maximum levels of each in excess of 40 ppm in cakes, cookies, and biscuits and in excess of 300 ppm in bleached flour. Recoveries of each synthesized compound from sweet rolls ranged from 79.4% to 105%. RP HEIKES, DL (reprint author), US FDA,CTR TOTAL DIET RES,11510 W 80TH ST,LENEXA,KS 66214, USA. NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 41 IS 11 BP 2034 EP 2037 DI 10.1021/jf00035a042 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MH755 UT WOS:A1993MH75500042 ER PT J AU MCNEAL, TP NYMAN, PJ DIACHENKO, GW HOLLIFIELD, HC AF MCNEAL, TP NYMAN, PJ DIACHENKO, GW HOLLIFIELD, HC TI SURVEY OF BENZENE IN FOODS BY USING HEADSPACE CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUES AND CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE FLAVOR COMPONENTS; EGGS AB Recently, the combination of sodium or potassium benzoate with ascorbic acid was shown to produce low levels (ng/g) of benzene in fruit-flavored soft drinks. The presence of benzene also was reported in butter, eggs, meat, and certain fruits; levels of these findings ranged from 0.5 ng/g in buffer to 500-1900 ng/g in eggs. Because benzoates are widely used as food preservatives, a limited survey of other foods containing added benzoate salts was conducted to investigate the potential for benzene formation. Selected foods that did not contain added benzoates but were previously reported to contain benzene were analyzed for comparison. More than 50 foods were analyzed by purge-and-trap or static headspace concentration and capillary gas chromatography. Benzene was quantitated by using the method of standard additions, and its identity was confirmed by mass selective detection. Results of this limited survey show that foods without added benzoates (including eggs) contained benzene at levels equal to or less than 2 ng/g. Slightly higher levels were present in some foods and beverages containing both ascorbic acid and sodium benzoate. RP MCNEAL, TP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD & CHEM TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 10 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1213 EP 1219 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500008 PM 8286958 ER PT J AU TROTTER, WJ DICKERSON, R AF TROTTER, WJ DICKERSON, R TI PESTICIDE-RESIDUES IN COMPOSITED MILK COLLECTED THROUGH THE UNITED-STATES PASTEURIZED MILK NETWORK SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has implemented a comprehensive monitoring program to determine the incidence and levels of organohalogen pesticide residues in milk representing most of the U.S. supply consumed in metropolitan areas. Residue findings for 806 composite milks collected through the Pasteurized Milk Program by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1990-1991 are reported. Milk was collected on a monthly basis from 63 stations selected by EPA for radionuclide monitoring. These stations provide an estimated 80% of the milk delivered to U.S. population centers. At each station, milk from selected sources had been composited to represent the milk routinely consumed in its metropolitan area. Portions of these composites were forwarded to an FDA contract laboratory for pesticide residue analysis. Pesticide residues were found in 398 (49.4%) of 806 test samples, on the basis of a 0.0005 ppm limit of detection for each residue on a whole-product basis. A total of 455 occurrences of pesticide residues were found; p,p'-DDE and dieldrin accounted for 384 (84.4%) of these occurrences. The highest level was 0.01 9 ppm p,p'-DDE. C1 WOODSON TENENT LABS INC,MEMPHIS,TN 38101. RP TROTTER, WJ (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1220 EP 1225 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500009 PM 8286959 ER PT J AU RUPP, HS MUNNS, RK LONG, AR AF RUPP, HS MUNNS, RK LONG, AR TI SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF NITROFURAZONE AND FURAZOLIDONE IN SHRIMP (PENAEUS-VANNAMEI) MUSCLE-TISSUE BY LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH UV DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID ANTIBACTERIALS AB A liquid chromatographic (LC) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of nitroturazone (NFZ) and furazolidone (FZD) in shrimp muscle tissue. The drugs are extracted from the tissue with acetonitrile, and the lipids and lipophilic pigments are removed from the extract with hexane. The remaining acetonitrile extract is evaporated by rotary evaporation, and the resultant residues are dissolved with LC-grade water, applied to a preconditioned C18 solid-phase extraction column, and eluted with acetonitrile. The acetonitrile eluant is then dried under nitrogen, and the resultant drug residues are dissolved with mobile phase and filtered. The drugs are determined by LC by using a C18 reversed-phase (octyldecylsilyl Hypersil) column, a mobile phase of acetonitrile-1% aqueous acetic acid (25 + 75, v/v), and a photodiode array UV detector at 375 nm. NFZ and FZD were determined in shrimp tissue at each of 5 spiking levels (64, 32, 16, 8, and 4 ng drug/g tissue). Absolute recoveries ranged from 70.6 to 78.4%, and relative standard deviations ranged from 4.0 to 13.6%. The limit of detection of pure standard of each drug was approximately the equivalent of 1 ng drug/g tissue, and the limit of determination in a sample was 4 ng drug/g tissue. RP RUPP, HS (reprint author), US FDA,DENVER FED CTR,ANIM DRUGS RES CTR,POB 25087,DENVER,CO 80225, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1235 EP 1239 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500012 PM 8286962 ER PT J AU JUNE, GA SHERROD, PS AMAGUANA, RM ANDREWS, WH HAMMACK, TS AF JUNE, GA SHERROD, PS AMAGUANA, RM ANDREWS, WH HAMMACK, TS TI EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BACTERIOLOGICAL-ANALYTICAL MANUAL CULTURE METHOD FOR THE RECOVERY OF SHIGELLA-SONNEI FROM SELECTED FOODS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAK AB The relative retention of the indigenous morphological, biochemical, and serological characteristics by Shigella sonnei was tested under various storage conditions (room temperature, refrigeration, freezing at -20-degrees-C and at -70-degrees-C, and lyophilization). The use of a selective (desoxycholate citrate) agar rather than a nonselective (brain heart infusion) agar gave a lower conversion rate of smooth to rough colonies, and the percentage of rough colonies derived from cultures stored for prolonged periods increased under all conditions. With respect to biochemical characteristics, there were no major differences in the reactions of smooth vs rough variants. For serological characteristics, smooth variants agglutinated more readily in homologous antisera than did rough variants. S. sonnei populations maintained at -70-degrees-C with glycerol remained reasonably stable and were used in recovery studies. Up to six foods (potato salad, chicken salad, cooked salad shrimp, lettuce, raw ground beef, and raw oysters) were inoculated with unstressed, chill-stressed, or freeze-stressed S. sonnei cells. Test portions (25 g) were inoculated with serial 10-fold dilutions of culture and subsequently analyzed by the culture method described in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual. It was found that the method was relatively ineffective for the recovery of S. sonnei from raw ground beef and raw oysters. RP JUNE, GA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL STUDIES,200 C ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1240 EP 1248 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500013 PM 8286963 ER PT J AU MCNEAL, TP HOLLIFIELD, HC AF MCNEAL, TP HOLLIFIELD, HC TI DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE CHEMICALS RELEASED FROM MICROWAVE-HEAT-SUSCEPTOR FOOD-PACKAGING SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CYCLIC OLIGOMERS; MIGRATION; PLASTICS AB Microwave heat susceptors that convert electromagnetic energy to heat attain high temperatures that make it possible to cook some foods to golden crispness in a microwave oven. Susceptors are typically packaged with foods intended for microwave use, e.g., waffles, pizzas, and french fries. The high temperatures >302-degrees-F used to cook some foods release trace levels of volatile chemicals from metalized polyester film, adhesive, and paper packaging materials; these volatile chemicals may be absorbed by the food. We simulated microwave susceptor cooking conditions and developed protocols by using headspace concentration capillary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify volatile chemicals released from heated susceptors. We purchased a limited, cross-sectional sample of local retail microwave food products packaged with susceptors and used our protocol to analyze 10 different susceptor products. Although more than 140 unique chromatographic peaks were tabulated, only 44 volatile chemicals were identified, including 1,1,1-trichloroethane, benzene, and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, which were derived primarily from the paper and adhesive susceptor components. No one susceptor contained all the identified substances. The standard additions technique was the preferred method for quantitation. Trichloroethane and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol were present in several products at 75-122 mug/in.2 of susceptor surface area. Benzene was found in 3 susceptors at less-than-or-equal-to 0.22 mug/in.2 levels. Examination indicates that adhesives used in more recent susceptor products were reformulated to remove even this trace level of benzene. RP MCNEAL, TP (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD & CHEM TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 5 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1268 EP 1275 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500017 PM 8286967 ER PT J AU CHASE, GW LANDEN, WO SOLIMAN, AGM EITENMILLER, RR AF CHASE, GW LANDEN, WO SOLIMAN, AGM EITENMILLER, RR TI METHOD MODIFICATION FOR LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF THIAMINE, RIBOFLAVIN, AND PYRIDOXINE IN MEDICAL FOODS SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A reversed-phase ion pair liquid chromatographic method developed for the simultaneous determination of thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), and pyridoxine (B6) in perchloric acid extracts of infant formulas was modified to include medical foods. UV detection of B1 and B2 was replaced by fluorescence detection, which resulted in improved sensitivity and specificity. B1 was detected by fluorescence after conversion to thiochrome by a postcolumn reaction with sodium hydroxide and potassium ferricyanide. The method uses a mobile phase of water, acetonitrile, hexanesulfonic acid sodium salt, ammonium hydroxide, and phosphoric acid adjusted to pH 3.6. The column is a 300 x 3.9 mm Nova Pak C18. Limits of detection were 0.05 mug/mL for B1 and B2 and 0.01 mug/mL for B6 by fluorescence detection. The system reproducibility was evaluated by completing 10 repetitive determinations on a medical food that gave a coefficient of variation of 5.9, 6.0, and 10.7% for B1, B2, and B6, respectively. Mean recoveries (n = 10) were 111, 96.3, and 113% for B1, B2, and B6, respectively. The results compared favorably with those by AOAC Official Methods 942.23, 940.33, and 961.15 for B1, B2, and B6, respectively. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP CHASE, GW (reprint author), US FDA,ATLANTA CTR NUTRIENT ANAL,60 8TH ST NE,ATLANTA,GA 30309, USA. NR 3 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1276 EP 1280 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500018 PM 8286968 ER PT J AU CHICHILA, TMP GILVYDIS, DM AF CHICHILA, TMP GILVYDIS, DM TI DETERMINATION OF PARAQUAT AND DIQUAT IN LOW-MOISTURE FOOD CROPS USING SILICA COLUMN CLEANUP AND LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH UV DETECTION SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A sample cleanup method was developed for the determination of paraquat (PQ) and diquat (DQ) in low-moisture food crops. Low-moisture commodities, such as milled dry navy beans, are digested in acid. PQ and DO are isolated from the digestates by using a 4 g column of preconditioned silica gel. The analytes are concentrated and then determined by liquid chromatography with a silica analytical column, sodium chloride as an ion-pairing reagent, and acetonitrile as an organic modifier. PD and DO are determined simultaneously with a diode array UV absorbance detector. Recoveries for PQ and DO were determined on 3 different fortified low-moisture crops. Fortification levels ranged from 0.01 to 0.30 ppm; average recoveries ranged from 47.5% (DQ) to 95.3% (PQ). RP CHICHILA, TMP (reprint author), US FDA,PESTICIDES & IND CHEM RES CTR,DETROIT,MI 48207, USA. NR 6 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 7 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1323 EP 1328 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500025 PM 8286972 ER PT J AU MATUSIK, JE EILERS, PP WALDRON, EM CONRAD, SM SPHON, JA AF MATUSIK, JE EILERS, PP WALDRON, EM CONRAD, SM SPHON, JA TI CONFIRMATION OF IDENTITIES OF PROPYLENE AND ETHYLENE GLYCOLS IN ANCHOVIES BY TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A gas chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric (GC/MS/MS) method has been developed for confirming the identity of propylene and ethylene glycols added to bait fish for preservation. Bait fish are occasionally illegally diverted to human food use. The bait fish were extracted with methanol, the extract was centrifuged and filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated 10-fold and then analyzed by GC/MS/MS. The glycols were separated chromatographically without derivatization or preliminary cleanup. Isobutane positive ion chemical ionization was used to generate the protonated molecular ion species of each glycol. Product-ion MS/MS experiments were performed to obtain spectra to confirm the identities of propylene and ethylene glycols. The identities of these 2 compounds in anchovy extracts were successfully confirmed by this approach. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV SEAFOOD RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP MATUSIK, JE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1344 EP 1347 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500027 PM 8286973 ER PT J AU NIEMANN, RA AF NIEMANN, RA TI DETERMINATION OF FORMETANATE HYDROCHLORIDE IN SELECTED FRUITS BY COUPLED-COLUMN CATION-EXCHANGE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB A strong cation exchange (SCX) liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for determination of formetanate hydrochloride residue in pome, citrus, and stone fruits. A test portion of fruit, homogenized with the peel left on, was blended with acidified acetonitrile and filtered. A portion of extract was finely filtered, and a 500 muL aliquot (ca 0.2 g test sample equivalent) was loaded onto an SCX solid-phase extraction (SPE) LC column, which replaced the injection loop of the LC injection valve. Cations were selectively enriched; noncations were eluted by acetonitrile in a pre-separation cleanup. Turning the valve to the inject position coupled the SPE column to an SCX analytical column for separation and detection at 250 nm. The mobile phase was 0.4M pH 3.0 ammonium phosphate buffer-water-acetonitrile (50 + 25 + 25). Formetanate cation was quantitated by peak area and regression coefficients from a 5-point linear calibration covering a 100-fold range. Recovery of duplicate fortifications of apple, pear, orange, and peach averaged 89-99% at the respective U.S. tolerances of 3, 3, 4, or 5 ppm and averaged 93-99% at one-tenth of the respective tolerance level. Peel pigments or variable peel bulk of crop varieties tested, as well as other endogenous fruit material, contributed interference that was below the 0.02 ppm limit of detection. In a 1991 limited survey comprising 15 samples, none were found violative. Residues were found in 2 samples, but only 1 measurement was quantifiable, near the 0.06 ppm limit of quantitation. RP NIEMANN, RA (reprint author), US FDA,DIV CONTAMINANTS CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 4 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AOAC INTERNATIONAL PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 NORTH FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 76 IS 6 BP 1362 EP 1368 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA ML245 UT WOS:A1993ML24500029 PM 8286975 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, JM TANNER, LA AF JOHNSON, JM TANNER, LA TI POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE - CURRICULUM FOR THE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGIST .2. CLINICAL AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE DRUG-REACTIONS; FLUOROQUINOLONES; FOOD AB This is the second of a two-part series that develops a curriculum on postmarketing surveillance. With the ongoing emphasis on drug safety and possible earlier marketing of drugs, this becomes an essential element of clinical pharmacology training. The usual educational focus on drug safety is a pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic perspective on a specific drug or drug class, perhaps in the context of clinical trial study design and analysis. This curriculum complements this approach and provides an overview of drug safety surveillance from regulatory and epidemiologic perspectives. RP JOHNSON, JM (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV EPIDEMIOL & SURVEILLANCE,HFD-730,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0091-2700 J9 J CLIN PHARMACOL JI J. Clin. Pharmacol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 33 IS 11 BP 1015 EP 1022 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MJ272 UT WOS:A1993MJ27200003 PM 8300884 ER PT J AU MANDLER, R CHU, CC PAUL, WE MAX, EE SNAPPER, CM AF MANDLER, R CHU, CC PAUL, WE MAX, EE SNAPPER, CM TI INTERLEUKIN-5 INDUCES S-MU-S-GAMMA-1 DNA REARRANGEMENT IN B-CELLS ACTIVATED WITH DEXTRAN-ANTI-IGD ANTIBODIES AND INTERLEUKIN-4 - A 3-COMPONENT MODEL FOR IG CLASS SWITCHING SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-CHAIN SWITCH; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; INTERFERON-GAMMA; EPSILON-TRANSCRIPTS; LYMPHOCYTES-B; INDUCTION; LINE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; IL-5; RECOMBINATION AB The cellular signals required for induction of immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching are only partially understood. Two processes that are considered to be necessary for such induction are DNA synthesis and germline constant heavy (C(H)) gene transcription. We now show that an additional signal, as mediated by interleukin 5 (IL-5), is also required. To induce proliferation of resting B cells, but not Ig secretion, we utilized anti-IgD antibodies conjugated to dextran (alphadelta-dex). The addition of IL-4, a well-established switch factor for the IgG1 subclass, to alphadelta-dex-activated cell cultures failed to induce IgG1 secretion or mIgG1+ cells unless IL-5 was also present. While IL-4 stimulated an increase in germline gamma1 RNA in alphadelta-dex-activated cells, this effect could neither be induced nor enhanced by IL-5. By contrast, IL-5 strongly enhanced steady-state levels of productive gamma1 RNA induced by alphadelta-dex and IL-4, suggesting that IL-5 stimulated IgG1 switch rearrangement. To test this possibility we measured switch (S)mu-Sgamma1 DNA recombination events using a newly developed assay, digestion circularization polymerase chain reaction (DC-PCR). We demonstrated that IL-5 was necessary for induction of Smu-S-gamma1 DNA rearrangement in alphadelta-dex plus IL-4-activated cells but that it had little effect on rearrangement in the absence of IL-4. Our data strongly suggest, therefore, a three-component model for induction of Ig class switching. This model includes germline C(H) gene transcription, DNA synthesis, and a third component that is necessary for recombination. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT PATHOL,4301 JONES BRIDGE RD,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NIAID,IMMUNOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. US FDA,DIV CYTOKINE BIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI32560] NR 46 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 1993 VL 178 IS 5 BP 1577 EP 1586 DI 10.1084/jem.178.5.1577 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA MD953 UT WOS:A1993MD95300012 PM 8228808 ER PT J AU MATSUZAWA, M POTEMBER, RS STENGER, DA KRAUTHAMER, V AF MATSUZAWA, M POTEMBER, RS STENGER, DA KRAUTHAMER, V TI CONTAINMENT AND GROWTH OF NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS ON CHEMICALLY PATTERNED SUBSTRATES SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS LA English DT Article DE CHEMICALLY PATTERNED SUBSTRATE; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER FILM; UV IRRADIATION; NONADHESIVE SURFACE; SK-N-SH NEUROBLASTOMA CELL; CELL CONTAINMENT; CELL GROWTH ID COPLANAR MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES; MONOLAYERS; OUTGROWTH; GUIDANCE; ADHESION; SURFACE; CULTURE; NEURONS AB Patterned substrates offer the promise of controlled positioning and directional guidance of growing neurites. Therefore, they could be useful for constructing small neuronal networks with defined geometry in vitro. We have fabricated chemically patterned substrates using self-assembled monolayer films with a lithographic mask technique and demonstrated the feasibility for geometrically patterning neuroblastoma cells in culture. N-octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) was chemically bonded to glass and fused silica substrates, rendering the surface hydrophobic and non-adhesive to cells. Using surface analysis techniques,:we have confirmed that OTS films were true monolayers and can be photocleaved from the surface by deep W irradiation. An adhesive pattern of n-(2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl)trimethoxy was formed on a selectively irradiated OTS surface via a deep W lithographic procedure. The chemically patterned surface was then seeded with SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells, and cellular attachment and growth were monitored by optical microscopy. The use of 2-dimensional substrates supported the containment and growth of neuroblastoma cells within the pattern for at least 15 days in culture. These chemical patterns may also be useful in controlled arrangements of heart cells or muscle cells on prosthetic implant devices. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,LAUREL,MD 20703. USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOLEC SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,DIV PHYS SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 17 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0270 J9 J NEUROSCI METH JI J. Neurosci. Methods PD NOV PY 1993 VL 50 IS 2 BP 253 EP 260 DI 10.1016/0165-0270(93)90014-I PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA MK824 UT WOS:A1993MK82400014 PM 8107505 ER PT J AU SATCHITHANANDAM, S REICKS, M CALVERT, RJ CASSIDY, MM KRITCHEVSKY, D AF SATCHITHANANDAM, S REICKS, M CALVERT, RJ CASSIDY, MM KRITCHEVSKY, D TI COCONUT OIL AND SESAME OIL AFFECT LYMPHATIC ABSORPTION OF CHOLESTEROL AND FATTY-ACIDS IN RATS SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE SESAME OIL; COCONUT OIL; LYMPH; CHOLESTEROL; RATS; FATTY ACIDS ID METABOLISM; TRANSPORT; FIBER AB Five groups of male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200 g consumed 12 or 24% sesame oil or coconut oil diets or a control diet (14% corn oil) ad libitum for 4 wk. The thoracic ducts of these rats were cannulated, and a lipid emulsion containing [H-3]cholesterol and [C-14]oleic acid was given through a duodenal catheter. Lymph was collected for 24 h and the isotopic tracers for cholesterol and fatty acid were measured. Rats fed the 24% sesame oil diet had significantly lower lymphatic cholesterol and fatty acid compared with the control group. Absorption of oleic acid in rats fed 24% coconut oil was significantly greater than in controls during 0-8 h but was not significantly different during 0-24 h. There were no differences among groups in the distribution of cholesterol and oleic acid either in the lymph lipoproteins or in the lipid classes. The significant reduction in lymph cholesterol and fatty acids due to sesame oil feeding may be an important factor in reducing hypercholesterolemia. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED & HLTH SCI,DEPT PHYSIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. WISTAR INST ANAT & BIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP SATCHITHANANDAM, S (reprint author), US FDA,DIV NUTR,LAUREL,MD 20708, USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 123 IS 11 BP 1852 EP 1858 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA MF526 UT WOS:A1993MF52600011 PM 8229300 ER PT J AU VOGEL, PF AF VOGEL, PF TI EVALUATING OUT-OF-SPECIFICATION LABORATORY RESULTS SO JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US FDA,CDER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20855. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PARENTERAL DRUG ASSOC, INC PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE, 620, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0279-7976 J9 J PARENT SCI TECHN PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 47 IS 6 BP 276 EP 280 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MY208 UT WOS:A1993MY20800002 PM 8120730 ER PT J AU DECAMP, WH AF DECAMP, WH TI CHIRAL DRUGS - THE FDA PERSPECTIVE ON MANUFACTURING AND CONTROL SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (PBAN 93) CY APR 18-21, 1993 CL BALTIMORE, MD DE STEREOCHEMISTRY; CHIRAL DRUGS; IDENTITY TESTS; ASSAYS; STABILITY; CHIRAL HPLC; POLARIMETRY; ENANTIOMERS; RACEMATES ID RESOLUTION; STEREOCHEMISTRY; PHASES AB On 27 May 1992, the FDA announced the availability of a policy statement on the development of stereoisomeric drugs. This: statement has significant implications for the chemist who is working on the development and validation of analytical controls for chiral drug substances and products. The testing of the bulk drug, the manufacturing of the finished product, the design of stability testing protocols, and the labelling of the drug must all take the chirality of the active ingredient into consideration. RP DECAMP, WH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV ANTIINFECT DRUG PROD,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 17 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0731-7085 J9 J PHARMACEUT BIOMED JI J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 11 IS 11-12 BP 1167 EP 1172 DI 10.1016/0731-7085(93)80100-F PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MQ354 UT WOS:A1993MQ35400020 PM 8123731 ER PT J AU HYMAN, FN KLONTZ, KC TOLLEFSON, L AF HYMAN, FN KLONTZ, KC TOLLEFSON, L TI EATING AS A HAZARD TO HEALTH - PREVENTING, TREATING DENTAL INJURIES CAUSED BY FOREIGN OBJECTS IN FOOD SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB The Food and Drug Administration maintains a passive surveillance system for reporting and follow-up of complaints related to food items. The most commonly reported complaint is the discovery of foreign objects in food. The most common injuries are abrasions to the throat and buccal mucosa. Although dentists are qualified to treat oral injury resulting from foreign object ingestion, more physicians than dental professionals treat soft tissue trauma. RP HYMAN, FN (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,EPIDEMIOL BRANCH,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL ASSN PI CHICAGO PA 211 E CHICAGO AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60611 SN 0002-8177 J9 J AM DENT ASSOC JI J. Am. Dent. Assoc. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 124 IS 11 BP 65 EP 69 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA MG952 UT WOS:A1993MG95200013 PM 7901252 ER PT J AU YURAWECZ, MP MOLINA, AA MOSSOBA, M KU, Y AF YURAWECZ, MP MOLINA, AA MOSSOBA, M KU, Y TI ESTIMATION OF CONJUGATED OCTADECATRIENES IN EDIBLE FATS AND OILS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE BORON TRIFLUORIDE; CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID; CONJUGATED TRIENES; METHYLATION ID LINOLEIC-ACID; SEED OIL; CHRYSOBALANACEAE; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTROMETRY; DERIVATIVES; BEEF AB Interest in conjugated-diene fatty acids in foods has recently been increased by discovery of their antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. Conjugated octadecatrienes (COTs), members of another group of fatty acids, are also present in foods. COTs are formed during the processing of vegetable oils as the result of the dehydration of secondary oxidation products of linoleic acid. Little information is available concerning the occurrence and nutritional properties of COTs in edible oils. Levels of COTs, determined in 27 vegetable oils by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, ranged from not detected (<0.001) to 0.2%. Determination of COTs by gas chromatography of the methyl esters, obtained by transesterification at room temperature with sodium methoxide/methanol, gave lower levels (not detected, 0.051%) than did determination by UV spectroscopy. Methylation with boron trifluoride produced COTs from naturally occurring moieties in the oils and, therefore, is not recommended. RP YURAWECZ, MP (reprint author), USFDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,200 C ST SW,HFS-175,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 19 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 70 IS 11 BP 1093 EP 1099 DI 10.1007/BF02632148 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA MF295 UT WOS:A1993MF29500007 ER PT J AU GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R MANISCHEWITZ, J LITTMAN, DR DIMITROV, DS AF GOLDING, H BLUMENTHAL, R MANISCHEWITZ, J LITTMAN, DR DIMITROV, DS TI CELL-FUSION MEDIATED BY INTERACTION OF A HYBRID CD4.CD8 MOLECULE WITH THE HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN DOES OCCUR AFTER A LONG LAG TIME SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINANT VACCINIA VIRUSES; HTLV-III/LAV ENVELOPE; CD4+ CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CD4-MEDIATED FUSION; SYNCYTIUM FORMATION; MEMBRANE-FUSION; INITIAL-STAGES; INFECTION; HIV AB Several domains of CD4 have been suggested to play a critical role in events that follow its binding to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (gp120-gp41). It has been reported previously that cells expressing a chimeric molecule consisting of the first 177 residues of human CD4 attached to residues from the hinge, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic domains of human CD8 did not form syncytia with HIV-1-infected cells (L. Poulin, L. A. Evans, S. Tang, A. Barboza, H. Legg, D. R. Littman, and J. A. Levy, J. Virol. 65:4893-4901, 1991). In contrast, we found that the hybrid CD4.CD8 molecule expressed in human cells did render them susceptible to fusion with cells expressing HIV-1IIIB or HIV-1RF envelope glycoproteins encoded by vaccinia virus recombinants, but only after long lag times. The lag time of membrane fusion mediated by the hybrid CD4.CD8 molecule was fivefold longer than that for the wild-type CD4 molecule. However, the rate of binding to and the affinity of soluble gp120 for membrane-associated CD4.CD8 were the same as for CD4. Both molecules were laterally mobile, as determined by patching experiments. Coexpression of the CD4.CD8 chimera with wild-type CD4 did not lead to interference in fusion but had an additive effect. Therefore, the proximal membrane domains of CD4 play an important role in determining the kinetics of postbinding events leading to membrane fusion. We hypothesize that the long lag time is due to the inability of the CD4.CD8-gp120-gp41 complex to undergo the rapid conformational changes which occur during the fusion mediated by wild-type CD4. C1 NCI, MEMBRANE STRUCT & FUNCT SECT, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, DIV VIROL, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SCH MED, HOWARD HUGHES MED INST, DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 67 IS 11 BP 6469 EP 6475 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA MC016 UT WOS:A1993MC01600016 PM 8411350 ER PT J AU CHO, BP BELAND, FA MARQUES, MM AF CHO, BP BELAND, FA MARQUES, MM TI ONE-DIMENSIONAL MULTIPLE-QUANTUM FILTRATION H-1-NMR SPECTRA OF A 15-MER DNA DUPLEX MODIFIED BY THE CARCINOGEN 4-AMINOBIPHENYL SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE MULTIPLE QUANTUM FILTRATION; CARCINOGEN-MODIFIED DNA DUPLEX; 4-AMINOBIPHENYL ID 1ST BASE; CODON-61 AB The selective detection of the arylamine aromatic protons in a 15-mer DNA duplex modified by the carcinogen 4-aminobiphenyl was accomplished using one-dimensional multiple quantum filtration experiments. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. IST,CTR QUIM ESTRUTURAL,P-1096 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Marques, M. Matilde/E-2535-2012 OI Marques, M. Matilde/0000-0002-7526-4962 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0749-1581 J9 MAGN RESON CHEM JI Magn. Reson. Chem. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 31 IS 11 BP 1008 EP 1010 DI 10.1002/mrc.1260311110 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA ML561 UT WOS:A1993ML56100009 ER PT J AU NAIR, J ROUSE, DA BAI, GH MORRIS, SL AF NAIR, J ROUSE, DA BAI, GH MORRIS, SL TI THE RPSL GENE AND STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANCE IN SINGLE AND MULTIPLE DRUG-RESISTANT STRAINS OF MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; MULTIDRUG; OUTBREAK; MUTANTS; OPERON AB The recent emergence of indolent and rapidly fatal drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has renewed interest in defining the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in the tubercle bacilli. In this report, we have examined the mechanism of resistance to streptomycin (Sm) in M. tuberculosis through the cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene encoding the ribosomal S12 protein (rpsL gene) from streptomycin-resistant strains and their streptomycin-sensitive parental strains. We have demonstrated that five singly Sm(R) M. tuberculosis strains and an Sm(R) isolate that has reduced sensitivity to multiple antibiotics have identical point mutations at codon 43 of the rpsL gene. Mutations at this same site confer Sm(R) in Escherichia coli. In contrast, two other multiple drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains that are resistant to Sm have rpsL genes that have the same nucleotide sequence as their drug-sensitive parent strains, suggesting that different resistance mechanisms are involved in these strains. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MYCOBACTERIA LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. KOREAN NATL TUBERCULOSIS ASSOC,KOREAN INST TUBERCULOSIS,SEOUL 137140,SOUTH KOREA. NR 31 TC 87 Z9 100 U1 1 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 10 IS 3 BP 521 EP 527 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00924.x PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA MF565 UT WOS:A1993MF56500008 PM 7968530 ER PT J AU MINCHIN, RF KADLUBAR, FF ILETT, KF AF MINCHIN, RF KADLUBAR, FF ILETT, KF TI ROLE OF ACETYLATION IN COLORECTAL-CANCER SO MUTATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE COLORECTAL CANCER; ACETYLATION PHENOTYPE; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES ID ARYLAMINE N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; HUMAN LIVER; 2-AMINO-1-METHYL-6-PHENYLIMIDAZO<4,5-B>PYRIDINE PHIP; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; HETEROCYCLIC AMINES; AROMATIC-AMINES; EXPRESSION; COLON; POLYMORPHISM; CARCINOGENS AB Acetylator phenotype is a common genetic trait in humans as well as other mammals. It results from the presence of several mutations in one of the genes encoding for arylamine N-acetyltransferase. The polymorphism has been associated with several disease states including colorectal cancer. Several epidemiological studies suggest that rapid acetylators are more susceptible to colorectal cancer than slow acetylators. Moreover, individuals that are both rapid acetylators and exhibit a high cytochrome P450 1A2 activity appear to have an even higher risk of colorectal cancer. These observations not only suggest an interesting genetic link to non-familial colon cancer but also suggest that carcinogens that are activated by N-acetyltransferase and cytochrome P450 1A2 may contribute to the etiology of this disease. Heterocyclic amines present in cooked food such as ''well done'' red meat are carcinogenic in experimental animals forming tumours in several target tissues including the small intestines. We have shown that human polymorphic N-acetyltransferase is present in human colon tissue and that it is capable of activating several heterocyclic amine carcinogens present in cooked food. These studies provide good circumstantial evidence that rapid acetylators may be predisposed to colorectal cancer. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. RP MINCHIN, RF (reprint author), UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA,DEPT PHARMACOL,DRUG METAB & TOXICOL SECT,NEDLANDS,WA 6009,AUSTRALIA. NR 32 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8262 J9 MUTAT RES PD NOV PY 1993 VL 290 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(93)90030-J PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA ME719 UT WOS:A1993ME71900005 PM 7694097 ER PT J AU GHOSH, C DICK, RM ALI, SF AF GHOSH, C DICK, RM ALI, SF TI IRON ASCORBATE-INDUCED LIPID-PEROXIDATION CHANGES MEMBRANE FLUIDITY AND MUSCARINIC CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR-BINDING IN RAT FRONTAL-CORTEX SO NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN FREE-RADICALS; FLUORESCENCE POLARIZATION; ACID; INVITRO AB Lipid peroxidation (LP) is a complex process which involves the formation of lipid free radicals and leads to oxidative damage. LP has also been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases as well as aging. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of the induction of LP in vitro on muscarinic cholinergic (Mch) receptor binding and membrane fluidity in rat brain. Membranes from the rat frontal cortex were peroxidized by adding ferrous sulphate (84 muM) and ascorbic acid (400 muM). Peroxidation was measured as the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive products formed (nmol malondialdehyde/mg protein). Mch receptor binding was measured 10, 20 and 30 min after peroxidation. Membrane fluidity was evaluated by fluorescence polarization studies using two probes; 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and 1-[4(trimethylamino)phenyl]-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH). Significant alterations in Mch receptor binding (decreased B(max) and increased K(d)) were found after peroxidation. Membrane fluidity was also significantly decreased after peroxidation as observed with both probes. The decrease in membrane fluidity was due to an increased cholesterol to phospholipid molar ratio after peroxidation. These data suggest that lipid peroxidation induces changes in membrane dynamics as detected by the fluorescent probes and such changes in membrane microviscosity may be the cause for alterations in Mch receptor kinetics. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,NEUROCHEM LAB,HFT-132,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NE LOUISIANA UNIV,SCH PHARM,DIV PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,MONROE,LA 71209. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 29 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0197-0186 J9 NEUROCHEM INT JI Neurochem. Int. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 23 IS 5 BP 479 EP 484 DI 10.1016/0197-0186(93)90133-P PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA MD851 UT WOS:A1993MD85100011 PM 8251930 ER PT J AU BUFFALO, EA GILLAM, MP ALLEN, RR PAULE, MG AF BUFFALO, EA GILLAM, MP ALLEN, RR PAULE, MG TI ACUTE EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE ON SEVERAL OPERANT BEHAVIORS IN RHESUS-MONKEYS SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Note DE CAFFEINE; MACACA MULATTA; OPERANT BEHAVIOR; TIME ESTIMATION; INCREMENTAL REPEATED ACQUISITION; LEARNING; COLOR AND POSITION DISCRIMINATION; TEMPORAL RESPONSE DIFFERENTIATION; TIME ESTIMATION; DELAYED MATCHING-TO-SAMPLE; SHORT-TERM MEMORY; MOTIVATION; ATTENTION; FOOD REINFORCEMENT ID TEST BATTERY; MARIJUANA SMOKE; PERFORMANCE AB The acute effects of 1,3-trimethylxanthine (caffeine) were assessed using an operant test battery (OTB) of complex food-reinforced tasks that are thought to depend upon relatively specific brain functions, such as motivation to work for food (progressive ratio, PR), learning (incremental repeated acquisition, IRA), color and position discrimination (conditioned position responding, CPR), time estimation (temporal response differentiation, TRD), and short-term memory and attention (delayed matching-to-sample, DMTS). Endpoints included response rates (RR), accuracies (ACC), and percent task completed (PTC). Caffeine sulfate (0.175-20.0 mg/kg, IV), given 15 min pretesting, produced significant dose-dependent decreases in TRD percent task completed and accuracy at doses greater-than-or-equal-to 5.6 mg/kg. Caffeine produced no systematic effects on either DMTS or PR responding, but low doses tended to enhance performance in both IRA and CPR tasks. Thus, in monkeys, performance of an operant task designed to model time estimation is more sensitive to the disruptive effects of caffeine than is performance of the other tasks in the OTB. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,COMP BASED SYST INC,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 46 IS 3 BP 733 EP 737 DI 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90570-J PG 5 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ME097 UT WOS:A1993ME09700033 PM 8278453 ER PT J AU BEER, JZ OLVEY, KM MILLER, SA THOMAS, DP GODAR, DE AF BEER, JZ OLVEY, KM MILLER, SA THOMAS, DP GODAR, DE TI NONNUCLEAR DAMAGE AND CELL-LYSIS ARE INDUCED BY UVA, BUT NOT UVB OR UVC, RADIATION IN 3 STRAINS OF L5178Y CELLS SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOUSE LYMPHOMA-CELLS; ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MEMBRANE DAMAGE; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; ACTION SPECTRA; INACTIVATION; MUTAGENESIS; RADIOSENSITIVITY; TUMORIGENICITY AB The potential to induce non-nuclear changes in mammalian cells has been examined for (1) UVA 1 radiation (340-400 nm, UVASUN 2000 lamp), (2) UVA + UVB (peak at 313 nm) radiation (FS20 lamp), and (3) UVC (254 nm) radiation (G15T8 lamp). The effects of irradiation were monitored in vitro using three strains of L5178Y (LY) mouse lymphoma cells that markedly differ in sensitivity to UV radiation. Comparisons were made for the effects of approximately equitoxic fluences that reduced cell survival to 1-15%. Depending on the cell strain, the fluences ranged from 830 to 1600 kJ/m(2) for the UVASUN lamp, 75 to 390 J/m(2) for the FS20 lamp and 3.8 to 17.2 J/m(2) for the G15T8 lamp. At the exposure level used in this study, irradiation with the UVASUN, but not the FS20 or G15T8, lamp induced a variety of non-nuclear changes including damage to cytoplasmic organelles and increased plasma membrane permeability and cell lysis. Cell lysis and membrane permeabilization were induced by the UVA1 emission of the UVASUN lamp, but not by its visible + IR components (>400 nm). The results show that the plasma membrane and other organelles of LY cells are highly sensitive to UVA1 but not to UVB or UVC radiation. Also UVA1, but not UVB or UVC radiation, causes rapid and extensive lysis of LY cells. In conclusion, non-nuclear damage contributes substantially to UVA cytotoxicity in all three strains of LY cells. RP BEER, JZ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. FU FDA HHS [FDA223-88-6076] NR 41 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHOTOBIOLOGY PI AUGUSTA PA BIOTECH PARK, 1021 15TH ST, SUITE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901-3158 SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 58 IS 5 BP 676 EP 681 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb04951.x PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA ML057 UT WOS:A1993ML05700009 PM 8284323 ER PT J AU BARRETT, HH YAO, J ROLLAND, JP MYERS, KJ AF BARRETT, HH YAO, J ROLLAND, JP MYERS, KJ TI MODEL OBSERVERS FOR ASSESSMENT OF IMAGE QUALITY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT COLLOQUIUM ON IMAGES OF SCIENCE : SCIENCE OF IMAGES CY JAN 13-14, 1992 CL NATL ACAD SCI, WASHINGTON, DC SP UNIV CHICAGO, CTR IMAGE SCI, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT, R R DONNELLEY & SONS, EASTMAN KODAK, POLAROID, NATL ACAD SCI HO NATL ACAD SCI ID HOTELLING TRACE CRITERION; COMPUTER-AIDED DIAGNOSIS; DETECTION PERFORMANCE; SYSTEMS; NOISE; OPTIMIZATION; SNR AB Image quality can be defined objectively in terms of the performance of some ''observer'' (either a human or a mathematical model) for some task of practical interest. If the end user of the image will be a human, model observers are used to predict the task performance of the human, as measured by psychophysical studies, and hence to serve as the basis for optimization of image quality. In this paper, we consider the task of detection of a weak signal in a noisy image. The mathematical observers considered include the ideal Bayesian, the nonprewhitening matched filter, a model based on linear-discriminant analysis and referred to as the Hotelling observer, and the Hotelling and Bayesian observers modified to account for the spatial-frequency-selective channels in the human visual system. The theory behind these observer models is briefly reviewed, and several psychophysical studies relating to the choice among them are summarized. Only the Hotelling model with channels is mathematically tractable in all cases considered here and capable of accounting for all of these data. This model requires no adjustment of parameters to fit the data and is relatively insensitive to the details of the channel mechanism. We therefore suggest it as a useful model observer for the purpose of assessing and optimizing image quality with respect to simple detection tasks. C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT COMP SCI,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85724. US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP BARRETT, HH (reprint author), UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT RADIOL,TUCSON,AZ 85724, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA23417, R01 CA52643] NR 38 TC 308 Z9 309 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 1 PY 1993 VL 90 IS 21 BP 9758 EP 9765 DI 10.1073/pnas.90.21.9758 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MF296 UT WOS:A1993MF29600006 PM 8234311 ER PT J AU CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS NAVARRO, D SIEGMUND, E AF CAIRNS, T CHIU, KS NAVARRO, D SIEGMUND, E TI MULTIRESIDUE PESTICIDE ANALYSIS BY ION-TRAP MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY AB The ion trap has been demonstrated to be able to detect and quantify 245 target pesticides extracted vis the Luke method while providing concurrent confirmation of presence via full scan data at the sub-ppm level. The precision and accuracy of the analytical approach was determined to be no greater than 15% relative standard deviation. A comparision study of over 100 incurred residues analyzed by the ion trap and gas chromatography with an array of element-selective detectors has indicated that sample clean-up will probably be necessary before quantification is acceptable for all target compounds. The data obtained using a combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry and presented for 250 target pesticides constitutes the basic information required to duplicate and extend the methodology. RP CAIRNS, T (reprint author), US FDA,OFF REGULATORY AFFAIRS,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,LOS ANGELES DIST LAB,1521 W PICO BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90015, USA. NR 5 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 7 IS 11 BP 971 EP 988 DI 10.1002/rcm.1290071104 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA MG241 UT WOS:A1993MG24100003 PM 8280916 ER PT J AU SCIALLI, AR FLYNN, TJ GIBSON, RR AF SCIALLI, AR FLYNN, TJ GIBSON, RR TI RAT EMBRYO CULTURE TO DETECT NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY IN WOMEN WITH POOR REPRODUCTIVE HISTORIES SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; HABITUAL; NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES; AMINO ACIDS; RAT WHOLE EMBRYO CULTURE; IN VITRO METHODS ID HUMAN-SERUM; ORGANOGENESIS; ABORTION; INVITRO; SYSTEM AB The cause of habitual early pregnancy loss is not known for most affected couples. It has been proposed that a deficiency of amino acids or other nutrients may contribute to early embryo loss, and an assay based on culture of rat embryos in human serum has been proposed to evaluate women with poor reproductive histories. We tested this assay in women with unexplained infertility (n = 27), habitual abortion (n = 15), and normal midtrimester pregnancies (n = 10) by examining the ability of subject's serum to support the normal development of rat embryos in culture with and without supplemental vitamins and amino acids. Nonpregnant women with nutrient deficiencies identified in this manner were given oral supplements or placebo and were retested. A similar proportion of women in each group had serum that was unable to support the normal development of rat embryos without supplemental vitamins and amino acids. When oral supplements were used, most sera were able to support normal embryo growth. There were no seroconversions on placebo. In spite of the apparent success in producing seroconversions on oral supplementation, only two women conceived, one on the placebo treatment and one on nutritional supplements. Because serum nutrient deficiencies identified by rat embryo culture could not distinguish normal pregnant women from women with unexplained infertility or habitual abortion, and because of the low pregnancy rates, we could not confirm the utility of this assay for the general population of women with habitual abortion. If subtle nutritional deficiencies play a role in early pregnancy loss, it may require a more homogeneous population of women with, for example, a history of five or more spontaneous pregnancy losses. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV TOXICOL RES,LAUREL,MD. RP SCIALLI, AR (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,3 PHC,3800 RESERVOIR RD NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20007, USA. OI Flynn, Thomas/0000-0002-7248-0643 NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 7 IS 6 BP 581 EP 587 DI 10.1016/0890-6238(93)90034-5 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA MN544 UT WOS:A1993MN54400003 PM 8118108 ER PT J AU NEWHALL, J MORSE, S NUTTER, C AF NEWHALL, J MORSE, S NUTTER, C TI NONCULTURE TESTS FOR GENITAL-TRACT CHLAMYDIAL INFECTION - IS THE GOVERNMENT THE ANSWER TO OUR PROBLEMS - RESPONSE SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP NEWHALL, J (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA 30333, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD NOV-DEC PY 1993 VL 20 IS 6 BP 353 EP 355 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA MH998 UT WOS:A1993MH99800012 ER PT J AU HANSEN, DK AF HANSEN, DK TI IN-VITRO EFFECTS OF FOLATE DERIVATIVES ON VALPROATE-INDUCED NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS IN MOUSE AND RAT EMBRYOS SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Symposium on Vertebrate Whole Embryo Culture CY NOV 08-11, 1992 CL BASEL, SWITZERLAND ID FOLINIC ACID; CALCIUM VALPROATE; INVITRO; SUPPLEMENTATION; TERATOGENICITY; CULTURE; EMBRYOTOXICITY; CARBAMAZEPINE; METABOLITES; PHENOTYPE AB The anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (VPA), produces neural tube defects in mouse and rat embryos treated in vivo or in vitro; The mechanism for the drug's embryotoxic effect is unknown, but 5-formyltetrahydrofolate has been reported to decrease the incidence of VPA-induced neural tube defects in mice treated in vivo. In the present study we have examined the ability of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, tetrahydrofolate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folic acid to protect against VPA-induced neural tube defects in CD-1 mouse or CD rat embryos grown in a whole embryo culture system. Mouse embryos with 2-5 somite pairs were cultured for 48 hr beginning on gestation day 8; presomite stage rat embryos were cultured beginning on gestation day 9 (for both species gestation day 0 was taken as the day a vaginal sperm plug was found). VPA at 1.2 mM (rats) or 1.8 mM (mice) produced a high incidence of open neural tubes. None of the folate derivatives in concentrations up to 100 mu g/ml was able to decrease the incidence of VPA-induced defects in either species. These data suggest that folate is not involved in the mechanism of VPA-induced neural tube defects. RP HANSEN, DK (reprint author), US FDA,NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV REPROD & DEV TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0887-2333 J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO JI Toxicol. Vitro PD NOV PY 1993 VL 7 IS 6 BP 735 EP 742 DI 10.1016/0887-2333(93)90075-G PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA MU042 UT WOS:A1993MU04200009 PM 20732274 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, MS AF WILLIAMS, MS TI SINGLE-RADIAL-IMMUNODIFFUSION AS AN IN-VITRO POTENCY ASSAY FOR HUMAN INACTIVATED VIRAL VACCINES SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conf on Characterization and Quantitation of Immunogens in Veterinary Biologics CY MAY 05-06, 1992 CL AMES, IA SP NATL VET SERV LABS, VET SURGEONS, ANIM PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV, USDA, CTR IMMUN ENHANCEMENT DOMEST ANIM ID VIRUS; ANTIGEN; REACTOGENICITY; A/USSR/77; ADULTS; RABIES AB Single-radial-immunodiffusion (SRID) assays have been used to determine the potency of all human inactivated influenza virus vaccines licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the United States since 1978. SRID replaced less reliable tests which were based on the aggregation of erythrocytes by the hemagglutinins of influenza viruses. Similar SRID assays have been used experimentally to determine the potency of inactivated polio and rabies vaccines. In each case, the assays are based on the diffusion of viral antigen into an agarose gel containing specific antibodies to the antigen being measured. For influenza and rabies, disruption of the virions with a detergent is necessary to permit the diffusion of the appropriate antigens, where as with polio, intact virions are allowed to diffuse. The interaction between antigen and antibody produces a zone of precipitation whose size is directly proportional to the amount of antigen applied. A potency value for unknowns is obtained by comparing the sizes of zones produced by unknown preparations to the sizes of zones obtained with a calibrated reference of known antigen content. Once the specific reference antigens and antibodies are prepared and the test standardized, it is a remarkably simple technique which unlike agglutination assays is very reproducible, relatively unaffected by minor variations in test conditions and is far less time consuming and cumbersome than in vivo assays for potency such as those done by inoculating mice or monkeys. More importantly, clinical studies demonstrate that standardization of influenza vaccines by SRID provides a better correlate of human immunogenicity than previous methods. RP WILLIAMS, MS (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIROL,RESP VIRUSES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 21 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 37 IS 3-4 BP 253 EP 262 DI 10.1016/0378-1135(93)90027-5 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA MM915 UT WOS:A1993MM91500007 PM 8116186 ER PT J AU HABIG, WH AF HABIG, WH TI POTENCY TESTING OF BACTERIAL VACCINES FOR HUMAN USE SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conf on Characterization and Quantitation of Immunogens in Veterinary Biologics CY MAY 05-06, 1992 CL AMES, IA SP NATL VET SERV LABS, VET SURGEONS, ANIM PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV, USDA, CTR IMMUN ENHANCEMENT DOMEST ANIM AB The potency tests for bacterial vaccines are quite diverse. For some products (pertussis, cholera, anthrax, typhoid and BCG vaccines) these are specified as Additional Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations. For other products (tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, plague vaccine) the testing is done according to so-called Minimum Requirements, which have less regulatory authority than Additional Standards. Still other products (eg., polysaccharide conjugate vaccines, acellular pertussis vaccine, live oral typhoid) are tested according to individualized criteria that are contained in their specific Product License Applications. For some products there is inadequate knowledge of the pathogenic mechanisms and/or protective factors to design valid in vitro potency tests. In these cases, animal testing with subsequent serologic evaluation or challenge testing is often necessary. Examples would include vaccines such as cholera and plague vaccines. The FDA supports the elimination of animal testing when suitable alternatives are available. Thus, many of the potency tests, especially for newer products, rely on in vitro characterization. For example, the immunogenicity of conventional polysaccharide vaccines is largely proportional to their molecular weight. Potency testing therefore relies heavily on physical characterization in terms of composition, molecular weight, and quantity. RP HABIG, WH (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV BACTERIAL PROD,HFB 601,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 37 IS 3-4 BP 343 EP 351 DI 10.1016/0378-1135(93)90033-4 PG 9 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA MM915 UT WOS:A1993MM91500013 PM 8116190 ER PT J AU WARD, JM SHELDON, W AF WARD, JM SHELDON, W TI EXPRESSION OF MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE ANTIGENS IN HISTIOCYTIC SARCOMA OF MICE SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HISTIOCYTIC SARCOMA; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM; MICE; RETICULUM CELL SARCOMA; TYPE A ID MALIGNANT HISTIOCYTOSIS; CELL; ORIGIN; LYMPHOMAS; PATHOLOGY AB Twenty cases of histiocytic sarcoma in 15 female and five male (384 to 722 days of age) hybrid F-1 (C57BL/6 x BALB/c) or F-2 (F-1 x F-1) mice were studied for expression of mononuclear phagocyte and other antigens. Histiocytic sarcomas were found most often in liver, uterus, spleen, and lung. Tissues fixed in Bouin's fluid provided preservation of antigen immunoreactivity, using avidin biotin peroxidase complex immunohistochemistry, with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The mononuclear phagocyte antigens, lysozyme and Mac-2 (a galactose-specific lectin that binds IgE), were found in 60-70% of the cases. The receptor for the macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1), c-fms, was expressed in 2/20 (10%) of the cases. Mouse immunoglobulins were not found in histiocytic sarcoma cells. In uterine histiocytic sarcomas, previously reported as Schwannomas because of their histologic appearance, S-100 protein was not expressed by tumor cells, although they usually expressed Mac-2 and lysozyme. Hyaline droplets were found in the renal tubules of only 2/19 cases. Our studies provide evidence that murine histiocytic sarcoma expresses antigens (Mac-2, lysozyme, c-fms) found in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte series, in contrast to the B-cen origin of many human histiocytic tumors. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,PATHOL ASSOCIATES INC,JEFFERSON,AR. RP WARD, JM (reprint author), NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,OFF LAB ANIM SCI,VET & TUMOR PATHOL SECT,FAIRVIEW 201,FREDERICK,MD 21701, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-74102] NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD NOV PY 1993 VL 30 IS 6 BP 560 EP 565 PG 6 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA MN540 UT WOS:A1993MN54000010 PM 8116150 ER PT J AU YAFAL, AG KAPLAN, G RACANIELLO, VR HOGLE, JM AF YAFAL, AG KAPLAN, G RACANIELLO, VR HOGLE, JM TI CHARACTERIZATION OF POLIOVIRUS CONFORMATIONAL ALTERATION MEDIATED BY SOLUBLE CELL RECEPTORS SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Note ID HELA-CELLS; LOW PH; INVITRO; NEUTRALIZATION; RHINOVIRUS; INHIBITION; WIN-51711; ARILDONE; TYPE-1; ENTRY C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOL CHEM & MOLEC PHARMACOL,240 LONGWOOD AVE,BOSTON,MA 02115. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. COLUMBIA UNIV COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT MICROBIOL,NEW YORK,NY 10032. NR 27 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD NOV PY 1993 VL 197 IS 1 BP 501 EP 505 DI 10.1006/viro.1993.1621 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA MB621 UT WOS:A1993MB62100061 ER PT J AU SCHMUED, LC BELTRAMINO, C SLIKKER, W AF SCHMUED, LC BELTRAMINO, C SLIKKER, W TI INTRACRANIAL INJECTION OF FLUOROGOLD RESULTS IN THE DEGENERATION OF LOCAL BUT NOT RETROGRADELY LABELED NEURONS SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE FLUOROGOLD; NEUROTOXICITY; AXONAL TRACER; NEUROPATHOLOGY ID LONG-TERM AB Small volumes of either Fluoro-Gold (hydroxy-stilbamidine) or physiological saline were pressure injected into the striatum of adult rats. This paradigm is essentially the same as that used by neuroscientists who inject small quantities of Fluoro-Gold into brain structures to reveal neuronal connections. Using a modified de Olmos' cupric-silver technique, virtually no degeneration could be detected as the result of saline injection at any time point examined. However, comparable injections of Fluoro-Gold resulted in conspicuous cell body and terminal degeneration within the striatum 1-10 days post injection. Terminal degeneration within the substantia nigra pars reticulata could also be seen 2-10 days after injection. Examination of cells of the compacta region revealed conspicuous retrograde uptake of Fluoro-Gold, although none of these cells exhibited any evidence of neuronal degeneration at any postoperative time examined. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,SCH MED,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22905. RP SCHMUED, LC (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NEUROTOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [NIEHS 1AG 6725.05]; NICHD NIH HHS [NBD HD07323] NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD OCT 29 PY 1993 VL 626 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(93)90564-4 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA MC801 UT WOS:A1993MC80100009 PM 8281454 ER PT J AU MILLER, FW AF MILLER, FW TI MYOSITIS-SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES - TOUCHSTONES FOR UNDERSTANDING THE INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHIES SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TRANSFER RNA-SYNTHETASE; SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE; DERMATOMYOSITIS; POLYMYOSITIS; DISEASE; PICORNAVIRUS; ANTIBODIES; ANTI-JO-1 RP MILLER, FW (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,N29,ROOM 507,HFM-521,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. OI Miller, Frederick/0000-0003-2831-9593 NR 30 TC 82 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 20 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 15 BP 1846 EP 1849 DI 10.1001/jama.270.15.1846 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MB464 UT WOS:A1993MB46400029 PM 8411528 ER PT J AU BRIGHT, RA FARUP, CE MARINACDABIC, D KACZMAREK, RG MOORE, RM AF BRIGHT, RA FARUP, CE MARINACDABIC, D KACZMAREK, RG MOORE, RM TI REPORTED NATIONAL PATTERNS OF USE OF THE MATERNAL TEST FOR SERUM ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RI Bright, Roselie/D-2240-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH PI BALTIMORE PA 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT 15 PY 1993 VL 138 IS 8 BP 658 EP 658 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA MH147 UT WOS:A1993MH14700266 ER PT J AU CHEN, M TANNER, A GALLOTORRES, H AF CHEN, M TANNER, A GALLOTORRES, H TI ANAPHYLACTOID-ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH ONDANSETRON SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP CHEN, M (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 15 PY 1993 VL 119 IS 8 BP 862 EP 862 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MB496 UT WOS:A1993MB49600026 PM 8379613 ER PT J AU ZAPATA, G ROLLER, PP CROWLEY, J VANN, WF AF ZAPATA, G ROLLER, PP CROWLEY, J VANN, WF TI THE ROLE OF CYSTEINE RESIDUES 129 AND 329 IN ESCHERICHIA-COLI K1 CMP-NEUAC SYNTHASE SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID SYNTHETASE; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; CELL-ADHESION MOLECULE; JAPAN SENDAI VIRUS; ELECTROPHORETIC TRANSFER; HEMAGGLUTINATING VIRUS; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; DYE-BINDING; SIALIC-ACID AB N-Acetylneuraminic acid cytidyltransferase (CMP-NeuAc synthase) of Escherichia coli K1 is sensitive to mercurials and has cysteine residues only at positions 129 and 329. The role of these residues in the catalytic activity and structure of the protein has been investigated by site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modification. The enzyme is inactivated by the thiol-specific reagent dithiodipyridine. Inactivation by this reagent is decreased in the presence of the nucleotide substrate CTP, suggesting that a thiol residue is at or near the active site. Site-directed mutagenesis of either residue Cys-129 to serine or Cys-329 to selected amino acids has minor effects on the specific activity of the enzyme, suggesting that cysteine is not essential for catalysis and that a disulphide bond is not an essential structural component. The limited reactivity of the enzyme to other thiol-blocking reagents suggests that its cysteine residues are partially exposed. The accessibility and role of the cysteine residues in enzyme structure were investigated by fluorescence, c.d. and denaturation studies of wild-type and mutant enzymes. The mutation of Cys-129 to serine makes the enzyme more sensitive to heat and chemical denaturation, but does not cause gross changes in the protein structure as judged by the c.d. spectrum. The mutant containing Ser-129 instead of Cys-129 has a complex denaturation pathway similar to that of wild-type E. coli K1 CMP-NeuAc synthase consisting of several partially denatured states. Cys-329 reacts more readily with N-[C-14]ethylmaleimide when the enzyme is in a heat-induced relaxed state. Cys-129 is less reactive and is probably a buried residue. C1 CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BACTERIAL POLYSACCHARIDES LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NCI,MED CHEM LAB,DIV CANC TREATMENT,DEV THERAPEUT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD OCT 15 PY 1993 VL 295 BP 485 EP 491 PN 2 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA ME516 UT WOS:A1993ME51600021 PM 8240247 ER PT J AU VOSTAL, JG FRATANTONI, JC AF VOSTAL, JG FRATANTONI, JC TI ECONAZOLE INHIBITS THAPSIGARGIN-INDUCED PLATELET CALCIUM INFLUX BY MECHANISMS OTHER THAN CYTOCHROME-P-450 INHIBITION SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INTRACELLULAR CA2+ STORES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; ENTRY; AGGREGATION; CA-2+-ATPASE; ACTIVATION; PUMPS AB Cytochrome P-450 has been suggested as a mediator of the signal between depleted platelet calcium stores and an increase in plasma membrane permeability to calcium which follows depletion of the stores. This hypothesis is based on the observations that inhibitors of cytochrome P-450, such as the imidazole antifungal agents, also inhibit influx of a calcium surrogate (manganese) into calcium-depleted platelets. We tested the effects of econazole and of a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor, carbon monoxide (CO), on thapsigargin (TG)-induced platelet Ca-45(2+) influx. TG specifically depletes internal calcium stores and activates store-regulated calcium influx. Econazole blocked Ca-45(2+) influx when it was added before TG (IC50 11 muM). Econazole at a concentration (20 muM) that inhibited 83% of TG-induced calcium influx was not inhibitory to TG-induced calcium efflux from Ca-45(2+)-loaded platelets, and did not affect calcium fluxes in resting platelets. This econazole concentration was also inhibitory to calcium influx even when it was added after the stores had been calcium-depleted by EGTA and TG for 15 min and the signal to increase calcium influx had already been generated. Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 with CO bubbled through platelet suspensions did not change calcium influx in resting cells and potentiated TG-induced calcium influx (160% of control calcium accumulation at 20 min). This effect appeared to be concentration-dependent, such that a 5 min exposure to CO produced a greater influx potentiation than a 3 min exposure. These observations indicate that (1) cytochrome P-450 does not mediate store-regulated calcium influx. and (2) econazole probably inhibits store-regulated calcium influx by an alternative mechanism. such as interaction with plasma membrane calcium channels. RP VOSTAL, JG (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL,BLDG 29,ROOM 323,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 32 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON, ENGLAND W1N 3AJ SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD OCT 15 PY 1993 VL 295 BP 525 EP 529 PN 2 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA ME516 UT WOS:A1993ME51600026 PM 8240252 ER PT J AU BENNETT, WP COLBY, TV TRAVIS, WD BORKOWSKI, A JONES, RT LANE, DP METCALF, RA SAMET, JM TAKESHIMA, Y GU, JR VAHAKANGAS, KH SOINI, Y PAAKKO, P WELSH, JA TRUMP, BF HARRIS, CC AF BENNETT, WP COLBY, TV TRAVIS, WD BORKOWSKI, A JONES, RT LANE, DP METCALF, RA SAMET, JM TAKESHIMA, Y GU, JR VAHAKANGAS, KH SOINI, Y PAAKKO, P WELSH, JA TRUMP, BF HARRIS, CC TI P53 PROTEIN ACCUMULATES FREQUENTLY IN EARLY BRONCHIAL NEOPLASIA SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WILD-TYPE P53; CELL-CYCLE; BREAST-CANCER; LUNG-CANCER; COLORECTAL TUMORIGENESIS; RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM; SV40-TRANSFORMED CELLS; ESOPHAGEAL CANCER; TRANSFORMED-CELLS; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR AB p53 mutations are common in human lung cancer and frequently generate levels of p53 protein that are detectable by immunohistochemistry. For this reason, p53 protein accumulation is a candidate biomarker, but little is known about its timing or frequency in multistage bronchial carcinogenesis. We studied human lung tissues containing preinvasive squamous neoplasms from 34 donors with and without lung cancer. Nuclear p53 protein was present in 0% of normal mucosas, 6.7% of squamous metaplasias, 29.5% of mild dysplasias, 26.9% of moderate dysplasias, 59.7% of severe dysplasias, 58.5% of carcinomas in situ, 67.5% of microinvasive carcinomas, and 79.5% of invasive tumors. These data indicate that (a) p53 protein accumulates in about 30% of the earliest recognized neoplastic lesions (i.e., mild dysplasia), (b) there is an increasing frequency of p53 protein accumulation starting with mild dysplasia, and (c) p53 protein accumulates infrequently in normal or metaplastic mucosa. In a subset of six patients whose most advanced lesion was carcinoma in situ without evidence of invasive cancer, p53 protein was detected in 0% of normal mucosas, 8.3% of squamous metaplasias, 37.5% of mild dysplasias, 12.5% of moderate dysplasias, 93.8% of severe dysplasias, and 55% of carcinoma in situ lesions. These data show clearly that p53 alterations can occur before invasion and suggest that the frequency is similar to that observed in the full series. Since two-thirds or more of lung cancers have p53 alterations, the timing and frequency of p53 protein accumulation make the p53 tumor suppressor gene an attractive marker for early diagnosis and evaluation of chemoprevention agents. C1 NCI,HUMAN CARCINOGENESIS LAB,BLDG 37,ROOM 2C01,BETHESDA,MD 20892. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,DEPT PATHOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. NCI,PATHOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PATHOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. UNIV DUNDEE,DEPT BIOCHEM,DUNDEE DD1 4HN,SCOTLAND. US FDA,BETHESDA,MD 20014. UNIV NEW MEXICO,CTR CANC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SHANGHAI CANC INST,SHANGHAI,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV OULU,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,SF-90100 OULU 10,FINLAND. UNIV OULU,DEPT PATHOL,SF-90100 OULU 10,FINLAND. RI Lane, David/C-4920-2008 NR 56 TC 204 Z9 205 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD OCT 15 PY 1993 VL 53 IS 20 BP 4817 EP 4822 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MB993 UT WOS:A1993MB99300018 PM 8402667 ER PT J AU ABE, R KOZAK, CA FOOPHILLIPS, M ROBERTS, J PRINCIPATO, MAC AF ABE, R KOZAK, CA FOOPHILLIPS, M ROBERTS, J PRINCIPATO, MAC TI INVOLVEMENT OF MULTIPLE FACTORS IN THE CLONAL DELETION OF SELF-REACTIVE T-CELLS SO CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAMMARY-TUMOR VIRUS; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; OPEN READING FRAME; MHC GENE-PRODUCTS; I-E; NEGATIVE SELECTION; IMPARTS REACTIVITY; MLS SYSTEM; MOUSE C1 NIAID,MOLEC MICROBIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,NAVAL MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,BETHESDA,MD 20814. US FDA,IMMUNOBIOL BRANCH,DIV VIRULENCE ASSESSMENT,LAUREL,MD 20708. RP ABE, R (reprint author), NCI,EXPTL IMMUNOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0008-8749 J9 CELL IMMUNOL JI Cell. Immunol. PD OCT 15 PY 1993 VL 151 IS 2 BP 425 EP 436 DI 10.1006/cimm.1993.1251 PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA MC136 UT WOS:A1993MC13600017 PM 7691421 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA SIEGEL, JP NOGUCHI, PD ZOON, KC FEIDEN, KL WOODCOCK, J AF KESSLER, DA SIEGEL, JP NOGUCHI, PD ZOON, KC FEIDEN, KL WOODCOCK, J TI REGULATION OF SOMATIC-CELL THERAPY AND GENE-THERAPY BY THE FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MELANOMA; HUMANS C1 US FDA,OFF COMMISSIONER,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 11 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 1 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 14 PY 1993 VL 329 IS 16 BP 1169 EP 1173 DI 10.1056/NEJM199310143291607 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MA667 UT WOS:A1993MA66700007 PM 8377782 ER PT J AU GANLEY, CJ HUNG, HMJ TEMPLE, R AF GANLEY, CJ HUNG, HMJ TEMPLE, R TI MORE ON THE SURVIVAL AND VENTRICULAR ENLARGEMENT TRIAL SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP GANLEY, CJ (reprint author), US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 14 PY 1993 VL 329 IS 16 BP 1204 EP 1205 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MA667 UT WOS:A1993MA66700030 PM 8377799 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS PRODUCT LICENSED SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 13 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 14 BP 1672 EP 1672 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MA294 UT WOS:A1993MA29400006 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI NEW EPILEPSY DRUG APPROVED FOR ADULTS AND CHILDREN SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 13 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 14 BP 1672 EP 1672 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MA294 UT WOS:A1993MA29400005 ER PT J AU NIGHTINGALE, SL AF NIGHTINGALE, SL TI APPROPRIATE USE OF LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARINS (LMWHS) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP NIGHTINGALE, SL (reprint author), US FDA, OFF HLTH AFFAIRS, PARKLAWN BLDG, 5600 FISHERS LN, ROCKVILLE, MD 20857 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 13 PY 1993 VL 270 IS 14 BP 1672 EP 1672 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MA294 UT WOS:A1993MA29400007 ER PT J AU CHO, BP KIM, M HARVEY, RG AF CHO, BP KIM, M HARVEY, RG TI SYNTHESIS AND CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS OF NITROPOLYCYCLIC FLUORANTHENES SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTION; DERIVATIVES; NITRATION AB Nitroarenes are ubiquitous environmental pollutants some of which exhibit mutagenic and tumorigenic activities. The first systematic investigation of the nitration reactions of the polycyclic fluoranthenes, a major class of nonalternant polyarenes, is described. The specific hydrocarbons studied were benz[e]acephenanthrylene (1), benz[a]aceanthrylene (2), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (3), indeno[1,2,3-hi]chrysene (4), dibenz[a,e]aceanthrylene (5), dibenz[a,j]aceanthrylene (6), and dibenz[e,k]acephenanthrylene (7). The nitration of all hydrocarbons, except 1, proceeded with remarkable regioselectivity to provide a single mononitro product. In the case of 1, 17 % of a second mononitro isomer was isolated. The structures of the resulting mononitrofluoranthenes (8-15) were fully characterized by analysis of their high-resolution COSY, long-range COSY, and NOESY NMR spectra and by comparison with the spectra of the parent hydrocarbons. The observed nitration sites of the polycyclic fluoranthenes were in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions made by the DEWAR-PI method based on the relative energies of the Wheland intermediates for substitutions at various ring positions. The availability of the complete H-1 chemical shift assignments of the nitropolycyclic fluoranthenes (8-15), together with those of the parent hydrocarbons (1-7) and their UV-visible spectral data, enabled the molecular conformations of the nitro groups to be probed. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV CHICAGO,BEN MAY INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP CHO, BP (reprint author), UNIV RHODE ISL,COLL PHARM,DEPT MED CHEM,KINGSTON,RI 02881, USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD OCT 8 PY 1993 VL 58 IS 21 BP 5788 EP 5796 DI 10.1021/jo00073a045 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA MB560 UT WOS:A1993MB56000045 ER PT J AU VENABLE, RM ZHANG, YH HARDY, BJ PASTOR, RW AF VENABLE, RM ZHANG, YH HARDY, BJ PASTOR, RW TI MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS OF A LIPID BILAYER AND OF HEXADECANE - AN INVESTIGATION OF MEMBRANE FLUIDITY SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES; ROTATIONAL DIFFUSION; PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER; RELAXATION; PARAMETERS; CRYSTALS; MICELLE; CHAIN; MODEL AB Molecular dynamics simulations of a fluid-phase dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer in water and of neat hexadecane are reported and compared with nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation and quasi-elastic neutron scattering data. On the 100-picosecond time scale of the present simulations, there is effectively no difference in the reorientational dynamics of the carbons in the membrane interior and in pure hexadecane. Given that the calculated fast reorientational correlation times and the ''microscopic'' lateral diffusion of the lipids show excellent agreement with the experimental results, it is concluded that the apparently high viscosity of the membrane is more closely related to molecular interactions on the surface rather than in the interior. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BIOPHYS LAB,8800 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 40 TC 283 Z9 283 U1 5 U2 40 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 8 PY 1993 VL 262 IS 5131 BP 223 EP 226 DI 10.1126/science.8211140 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA MA665 UT WOS:A1993MA66500029 PM 8211140 ER PT J AU TAKIMOTO, CH VOELLER, DB STRONG, JM ANDERSON, L CHU, E ALLEGRA, CJ AF TAKIMOTO, CH VOELLER, DB STRONG, JM ANDERSON, L CHU, E ALLEGRA, CJ TI EFFECTS OF 5-FLUOROURACIL SUBSTITUTION ON THE RNA CONFORMATION AND IN-VITRO TRANSLATION OF THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE MESSENGER-RNA SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT KB CELLS; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; CARCINOMA-CELLS; CYTO-TOXICITY; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; HUMAN-BREAST; INHIBITION; COMBINATION; ACID AB In vitro transcribed thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA which is 100% substituted with 5-fluorouracil (FUra) was analyzed for changes in mRNA secondary structure, for alterations in translational efficiency, and for evidence of translational miscoding in vitro. FUra substitution in TS mRNA results in an altered migration pattern in non-denaturing RNA gels and in decreased hyperchromicity in RNA melting temperature studies, consistent with a change in mRNA secondary structure. However, no change in the translational efficiency of FUra-substituted TS mRNA is seen compared to control TS mRNA in either rabbit reticulocyte lysate or wheat germ extract in vitro translation systems. Analysis of the in vitro translation product of FUra-substituted TS mRNA by Western immunoblotting, isoelectric focusing, 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate binding, and TS catalytic activity experiments shows no difference compared to control TS mRNA. We conclude that the in vitro translation products of FUra-substituted and control TS mRNA are identical. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that changes in the mRNA template are responsible for the RNA-directed cytotoxicity of FUra. C1 US FDA, CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES, DIV CLIN PHARMACOL, OFF RES RESOURCES, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA. RP TAKIMOTO, CH (reprint author), NATL NAVAL MED CTR, NCI,DIV CANC TREATMENT,MED ONCOL BRANCH,BLDG 8, RM 5101, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 5 PY 1993 VL 268 IS 28 BP 21438 EP 21442 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA MA288 UT WOS:A1993MA28800115 PM 8407987 ER PT J AU FUHR, U DOEHMER, J BATTULA, N WOLFEL, C FLICK, I KUDLA, C KEITA, Y STAIB, AH AF FUHR, U DOEHMER, J BATTULA, N WOLFEL, C FLICK, I KUDLA, C KEITA, Y STAIB, AH TI BIOTRANSFORMATION OF METHYLXANTHINES IN MAMMALIAN-CELL LINES GENETICALLY-ENGINEERED FOR EXPRESSION OF SINGLE CYTOCHROME-P450 ISOFORMS - ALLOCATION OF METABOLIC PATHWAYS TO ISOFORMS AND INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF QUINOLONES SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT MEETING ON APPLICATION OF CELLULAR SYSTEMS IN DRUG METABOLISM AND TOXICITY STUDIES CY JUL 21-24, 1991 CL OTZENHAUSEN, SAARLAND, GERMANY SP STIFT VOLKSWAGENWERK, BAYER, GOEDECKE, HOECHST, PIERRE FABRE MEDICAMENT LAB, RHONE POULENC RORER, ROUSSELLL UCLAF HO OTZENHAUSEN DE CAFFEINE; CYTOCHROME-P450; CYTOCHROME P450IA2; GENE EXPRESSION; METABOLISM; METHYLXANTHINES; PEFLOXACIN; PIPEMIDIC ACID; QUINOLONES; RAT LIVER EPITHELIAL CELLS; V79 CHINESE HAMSTER CELLS ID HUMAN-LIVER-MICROSOMES; CHINESE-HAMSTER-CELLS; THEOPHYLLINE METABOLISM; CAFFEINE METABOLISM; STABLE EXPRESSION; RAT HEPATOCYTES; V79; CDNA; CYTOCHROMES-P-450; HYDROXYLATION AB V79 Chinese hamster cells genetically engineered for stable expression of single forms of rat cytochromes P450IA1, P450IA2, P450IIB1, human P450IA2, and rat liver epithelial cells expressing murine P450IA2 were used to allocate metabolic pathways of methylxanthines to specific isoforms and to test the suitability of such cell lines for investigations on drug interactions occurring at the cytochrome expressed. The cell lines were exposed to caffeine and/or theophylline and concentrations of metabolites formed in the medium were determined by HPLC. Caffeine was metabolized by human, rat and murine P450IA2, resulting in the formation of four primary demethylated and hydroxylated metabolites. However, there were differences in the relative amounts of the metabolites. The human and the mouse P450IA2 isoforms predominantly mediated 3-demethylation of caffeine. The rat cytochrome P450IA2 mediated both 3-demethylation and 1-demethylation of caffeine to a similar extent. The results support the hypothesis that caffeine plasma clearance is a specific in vivo probe for determining human P450IA2 activity. Addition of the quinolone antibiotic agents pipemidic acid or pefloxacin, both known to inhibit caffeine metabolism in vivo and in human liver microsomes, reduced formation rates of all metabolites of caffeine in cells expressing rat and human P450IA2. Theophylline was mainly metabolized via 8-hydroxylation. All cell lines tested were able to carry out this reaction, with highest activities in cell lines expressing rat or human P450IA2, or rat P450IA1. C1 TECH UNIV MUNICH,INST TOXIKOL & UMWELTHYG,W-8000 MUNICH 2,GERMANY. US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,KENSINGTON,MD 20895. UNIV MAINZ,INST TOXICOL,W-6500 MAINZ,GERMANY. RP FUHR, U (reprint author), UNIV HOSP FRANKFURT,DEPT CLIN PHARMACOL,THEODOR STERN KAI 7,D-60590 FRANKFURT,GERMANY. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD OCT 5 PY 1993 VL 82 IS 1-3 BP 169 EP 189 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(93)90064-Y PG 21 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA MC363 UT WOS:A1993MC36300013 PM 8236273 ER PT J AU KESSLER, DA AF KESSLER, DA TI CHANGING THE CULTURE OF MEDICINE - THE FDAS MEDWATCH PROGRAM SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article RP KESSLER, DA (reprint author), US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 68 IS 10 BP 776 EP 777 DI 10.1097/00001888-199310000-00008 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA MC301 UT WOS:A1993MC30100011 PM 8397603 ER PT J AU XIAO, Y VONTUNGELN, LS CHOU, MW HART, RW FU, PP AF XIAO, Y VONTUNGELN, LS CHOU, MW HART, RW FU, PP TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON THE METABOLISM OF 7-BROMOBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE AND 7-FLUOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE BY MALE B6C3F(1), MOUSE-LIVER MICROSOMES - REDUCTION OF METABOLIC-ACTIVATION PATHWAY SO AGE LA English DT Article ID MALE-RATS; STEREOSELECTIVE METABOLISM; FISCHER-344 RATS; FOOD RESTRICTION; ENZYMES; BENZOPYRENE; SYSTEM AB The effect of caloric restriction (CR) on the in vitro metabolism of 7-bromobenz[a]anthracene (7-Br-BA) and 7-fluorobenz[a]anthracene (7-F-BA) by liver microsomes isolated from 5- and 12-month-old male B6C3F(1) mice was studied. Mice were fed ad libitum (AL), or starting at 14 weeks of age, received 60% of the calories consumed by control mice. After microsomal incubation, metabolites were separated by HPLC and their structures identified by comparison of their spectra with known standards. The metabolites formed were: trans-3,4-dihydrodiol, trans-5,6-dihydrodiol, trans-8,9-dihydrodiol and trans-10,11-dihydrodiol, 5,6-epoxide, and 4-, 5-, 6-, 8-, and 9-phenolic derivatives. The formation of the 7-Br-BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol and 7-F-BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol, the proximate mutagens of 7-Br-BA and 7-F-BA, respectively, was lower in microsomal incubation mixtures derived from the 5-month-old CR mice as compared to those from the AL. These results suggest that CR can diminish the genotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by directly altering metabolic activation. C1 CHINESE ACAD PREVENT MED,INST NUTR & FOOD HYG,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER AGING ASSOC PI CHESTER PA 2129 PROVIDENCE AVENUE, CHESTER, PA 19013 SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD OCT PY 1993 VL 16 IS 4 BP 160 EP 165 DI 10.1007/BF02434993 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA NA507 UT WOS:A1993NA50700004 ER PT J AU XIAO, Y VONTUNGELN, LS CHOU, MW HART, RW FU, PP AF XIAO, Y VONTUNGELN, LS CHOU, MW HART, RW FU, PP TI EFFECT OF CALORIC RESTRICTION ON THE STEREOSELECTIVE METABOLISM OF 7-CHLOROBENZ[A]ANTHRACENE BY MALE B6C3F(1) MOUSE-LIVER MICROSOMES SO AGE LA English DT Article ID TRANS-DIHYDRODIOL METABOLITES; MALE-RATS; ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATIONS; FOOD RESTRICTION; FISCHER-344 RAT; ENZYMES; 7-BROMOBENZANTHRACENE; SYSTEM AB The effect of caloric restriction (CR) on the stereoselective metabolism of 7-chlorobenz[a]anthracene (7-Cl-BA) by liver microsomes of 5- and 12-month-old male B6C3F(1) mice was studied. Mice were fed ad libitum (AL), or starting at 14 weeks of age, received 60% of the calories consumed by control mice. After microsomal incubation, metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate, purified by reversed-phase HPLC, and identified by analysis of their UV-visible and mass spectral data. The following ten metabolites were identified: 7-Cl-BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol, 7-Cl-BA trans-5,6-dihydrodiol, 7-Cl-BA trans-8,9-dihydrodiol, 7-Cl-BA trans-10,11-dihydrodiol, 7-Cl-BA 5,6-epoxide, and 4-, 5-, 6-, 8-, and 9-OH-7-Cl-BA. Contrary to the metabolism of 7-Br-BA and 7-F-BA, the formation of 7-Cl-BA trans-3,4-dihydrodiol in AL and CR microsomes were equivalent regardless of age. 7-Cl-BA trans-8,9-dihydrodiol from liver microsomes of 5-month-old CR mice contained 95% of the R,R enantiomer and 5% of the S,S enantiomer, and thus had an optical purity of 90%. By comparison, the 7-Cl-BA trans-8,9-dihydrodiol formed from liver microsomes of 5-month-old AL mice had an optical purity of 68%. On the other hand, the optical purity of 7-Cl-BA trans-10,11-dihydrodiol formed from the AL microsomes was higher than that from CR microsomes. Thus, these results suggest that caloric restriction can alter the stereoselectivity of the cytochrome P-450 isozymes. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. CHINESE ACAD PREVENT MED,INST NUTR & FOOD HYG,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER AGING ASSOC PI CHESTER PA 2129 PROVIDENCE AVENUE, CHESTER, PA 19013 SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD OCT PY 1993 VL 16 IS 4 BP 166 EP 172 DI 10.1007/BF02434994 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA NA507 UT WOS:A1993NA50700005 ER PT J AU ORAVECZ, T NORCROSS, MA AF ORAVECZ, T NORCROSS, MA TI COSTIMULATORY PROPERTIES OF THE HUMAN CD4 MOLECULE - ENHANCEMENT OF CD3-INDUCED T-CELL ACTIVATION BY HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 THROUGH VIRAL ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN GP120 SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTES-T; HIV-INFECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; KINASE P56LCK; CROSS-LINKING; HTLV-III; RECEPTOR; ANTIGEN; RESPONSES AB This study was designed to investigate the T cell-costimulatory activity of ligands binding to different regions on the human CD4 molecule. We assayed the costimulatory properties of a panel of CD4 MAbs, intact HIV, and viral envelope glycoproteins in CD3-induced activation of resting T cell subpopulations. Our data using MAbs reveal epitope-specific variations in the functional activities of CD4 MAbs under specific conditions in which CD3 and CD4 molecules are co-cross-linked. We show that both naive and memory CD4+ T cell subsets are susceptible to CD4-mediated costimulation, which overcomes the functional differences between the two cell populations in responsiveness to CD3 MAbs. We show for the first time that, analogous to CD4 MAbs, preparations of HIV and viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 are also potent costimulators of T cell proliferation and IL-2 production. On the basis of these results we propose possible mechanisms for polyclonal cell activation in the course of HIV infection and suggest that viral inhibitory and costimulatory effects may together disrupt the normal balanced function of the immune system, leading to AIDS. C1 NIH,US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV HEMATOL PROD,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3B10,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 50 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 9 IS 10 BP 945 EP 955 DI 10.1089/aid.1993.9.945 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA MF842 UT WOS:A1993MF84200003 PM 7506554 ER PT J AU SHIRAI, A KLINMAN, DM AF SHIRAI, A KLINMAN, DM TI IMMUNIZATION WITH RECOMBINANT GP160 PROLONGS THE SURVIVAL OF HIV-1 TRANSGENIC MICE SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RENAL-DISEASE; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; INFECTION; TYPE-1; NEUTRALIZATION; ANTIBODIES; PROTECTION; SPECTRUM; GENES AB A strain of mouse transgenic for the env gene of the HIV-1 virus was used to study the immunogenicity of a gp160-derived vaccine (the protein encoded by the HIV env gene) and its effect on disease progression. Untreated transgenic mice frequently developed a rapidly progressive renal disease similar to that affecting approximately 10% of HIV-infected humans. When transgenic mice were immunized with recombinant purified gp160, their edema, proteinuria, and serum BUN levels were substantially reduced and their survival prolonged (p < 0.01). The increased longevity of immunized transgenic mice correlated with the production of IgG antibodies reactive with gp160. C1 US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,DIV VIRAL PROD,RETROVIRAL IMMUNOL SECT,BLDG 29A,ROOM 3D10,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 24 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 9 IS 10 BP 979 EP 983 DI 10.1089/aid.1993.9.979 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA MF842 UT WOS:A1993MF84200007 PM 8280480 ER PT J AU GOLDENTHAL, KL CAVAGNARO, JA ALVING, CR VOGEL, FR AF GOLDENTHAL, KL CAVAGNARO, JA ALVING, CR VOGEL, FR TI SAFETY EVALUATION OF VACCINE ADJUVANTS - NATIONAL-COOPERATIVE-VACCINE-DEVELOPMENT-MEETING-WORKING-GROUP SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANTS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; VIRUS VACCINE; INFLUENZA; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INTERFERON C1 NIAID, DIV AIDS,VACCINE RES & DEV BRANCH,SOLAR BLDG, ROOM 2B06, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DEPT MEMBRANE BIOCHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20307 USA. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 9 SU 1 BP S47 EP S51 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA ME188 UT WOS:A1993ME18800034 ER PT J AU LAWRENCE, DN ESPARZA, J ZOON, KC AF LAWRENCE, DN ESPARZA, J ZOON, KC TI CONSIDERATIONS ON CRITERIA FOR COMMENCEMENT OF HIV VACCINE EFFICACY TRIALS - A WORKING GROUP SUMMARY SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article C1 WHO,VACCINE DEV UNIT,GLOBAL PROGRAMME AIDS,CH-1211 GENEVA 27,SWITZERLAND. US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP LAWRENCE, DN (reprint author), NIAID,DIV AIDS,ROOM 2B09,SOLAR BLDG,6003 EXECUT BLVD,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 9 SU 1 BP S65 EP S69 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA ME188 UT WOS:A1993ME18800038 ER PT J AU ZOON, KC AF ZOON, KC TI THE EMERGING PARTNERSHIP - FOOD-AND-DRUG-ADMINISTRATION AND HIV VACCINE EFFICACY TRIALS SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article RP ZOON, KC (reprint author), CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,ROOM 130,BLDG 29,9000 ROCKVILLE PIKE,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 9 SU 1 BP S141 EP S142 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA ME188 UT WOS:A1993ME18800112 ER PT J AU WEIS, C LITTLEFIELD, N JACKSON, CD AF WEIS, C LITTLEFIELD, N JACKSON, CD TI A DIRECT FLUOROMETRIC ASSAY FOR DNA IN ALKALINE SUCROSE GRADIENTS USING HOECHST 33258 DYE SO AMERICAN BIOTECHNOLOGY LABORATORY LA English DT Note ID CELLS-INVITRO; 33258-HOECHST; DAMAGE; REPAIR RP WEIS, C (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV NUTR TOXICOL,1 NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SCIENTIFIC COMMUN INC PI SHELTON PA PO BOX 870, 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484-0870 SN 0749-3223 J9 AM BIOTECHNOL LAB JI Am. Biotechnol. Lab. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 11 IS 11 BP 50 EP & PG 0 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medical Laboratory Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medical Laboratory Technology GA MB477 UT WOS:A1993MB47700004 PM 7691089 ER PT J AU BURKHART, G SCHULTE, PA ROBINSON, C SIEBER, WK VOSSENAS, P RINGEN, K AF BURKHART, G SCHULTE, PA ROBINSON, C SIEBER, WK VOSSENAS, P RINGEN, K TI JOB TASKS, POTENTIAL EXPOSURES, AND HEALTH RISKS OF LABORERS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSTRUCTION-INDUSTRY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE LABORER; CONSTRUCTION; SAND HOG; HAULER; UNSKILLED TRADES; OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS; NOISE; OSHA EXEMPTIONS; FATAL INJURIES; ECZEMA; BLACK MORTALITY; NO-COLLAR WORKERS ID PROPORTIONATE MORTALITY RATIO; OCCUPATION; CANCER; INJURIES; PAINTERS AB Construction laborers have some of the highest death rates of any occupation in the United States. There has been very little systematic research focused exclusively on ''laborers'' as opposed to other workers in the construction industry. We reviewed the English language literature and various data bases describing the occupational tasks, exposures, and work-related health risks of construction laborers. The sources of information included 1) occupational mortality surveillance data collected by the states of California and Washington and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); 2) National Occupational Exposure Survey; 3) national fatality data; 4) cancer registry data; and 5) case reports of specific causes of morbidity. While the literature reported that construction laborers have increased risk for mesothelioma, on-the-job trauma, acute lead poisoning, musculoskeletal injury, and dermatitis, the work relatedness of excess risks for all-cause mortality, cirrhosis, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischemic heart disease, and leukemia is less clear. Furthermore, while laborers are known to be potentially exposed to asbestos, noise, and lead, and the NIOSH Job Exposure Matrix describes other potential hazardous exposures, little research has characterized other possible exposures and no research has been found that describes the exposures associated with specific job tasks. More advanced study designs are needed that include a better understanding of the job tasks and exposures to construction laborers, in order to evaluate specific exposure-disease relationships and to develop intervention programs aimed at reducing the rate of work-related diseases. (C) 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 NIOSH,4676 COLUMBIA PKWY,MS-R42,CINCINNATI,OH 45226. US FDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 46 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 24 IS 4 BP 413 EP 425 DI 10.1002/ajim.4700240407 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA LY622 UT WOS:A1993LY62200006 PM 8250061 ER PT J AU MANGER, RL LEJA, LS LEE, SY HUNGERFORD, JM WEKELL, MM AF MANGER, RL LEJA, LS LEE, SY HUNGERFORD, JM WEKELL, MM TI TETRAZOLIUM-BASED CELL BIOASSAY FOR NEUROTOXINS ACTIVE ON VOLTAGE-SENSITIVE SODIUM-CHANNELS - SEMIAUTOMATED ASSAY FOR SAXITOXINS, BREVETOXINS, AND CIGUATOXINS SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COLORIMETRIC ASSAY; ACTIVATION; TOXICITY; TOXINS; GROWTH RP MANGER, RL (reprint author), US FDA,SEAFOOD PROD RES CTR,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 20 TC 162 Z9 175 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 214 IS 1 BP 190 EP 194 DI 10.1006/abio.1993.1476 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA MA042 UT WOS:A1993MA04200029 PM 8250223 ER PT J AU CARSON, JL STROM, BL DUFF, A GUPTA, A SHAW, M LUNDIN, FE DAS, K AF CARSON, JL STROM, BL DUFF, A GUPTA, A SHAW, M LUNDIN, FE DAS, K TI ACUTE-LIVER-DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH ERYTHROMYCINS, SULFONAMIDES, AND TETRACYCLINES SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HEPATITIS, TOXIC; ERYTHROMYCIN; SULFONAMIDES; TETRACYCLINES; HOSPITALIZATION ID TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS; HEPATIC CHOLESTASIS; SKIN RASH; HEPATOTOXICITY; SULFASALAZINE; MINOCYCLINE; ETHYLSUCCINATE; FAILURE AB Objective: To determine whether erythromycins, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines are associated with an increased risk for acute hepatitis. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Medicaid billing data from Michigan and Florida between 1980 and 1987. Patients: The 107 cases included patients hospitalized with acute symptomatic hepatitis without an identifiable cause of liver disease noted in the medical record. Four controls per case were randomly selected and were matched for age, sex, and state. Results: Five cases (4.7%) and four controls (0.9%) were exposed to erythromycins, yielding an odds ratio of 5.2 (95% CI, 1.1 to 26.6). No case or control was exposed to erythromycin estolate. Eight cases (7.5%) and three controls (0.7%) were exposed to oral sultonamides, yielding an odds ratio of 11.4 (CI, 2.7 to 67.8). All (except one control) had received trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole. Five cases (4.7%) and four controls (0.9%) were exposed to tetracyclines, yielding an odds ratio of 5.2 (CI, 1.4 to 19.7). The results did not change substantively for erythromycin or sulfonamides after adjustment using multiple logistic regression for age, sex, state, and use of other hepatotoxic drugs. With tetracyclines, however, the odds ratio decreased to 3.6 (CI, 0.9 to 14.3). Associations were also seen with isoniazid (P = 0.008) and rifampicin (P = 0.04). The number of patients developing acute symptomatic liver disease resulting in hospitalization for each million patients treated with a 10-day course of erythromycin was 2.28 cases; for sulfonamides, this figure was 4.8 cases; and for tetracycline, the figure was 1.56 cases. Conclusion: Erythromycin, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines are associated with acute symptomatic hepatitis resulting in hospitalization. Given the widespread use of these drugs, they will be among the more common drugs associated with hepatitis. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,CTR CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. HLTH INFORMAT DESIGNS INC,ARLINGTON,VA. US FDA,DIV DRUG & BIOL PROD EXPERIENCE,EPIDEMIOL DEV BRANCH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP CARSON, JL (reprint author), UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MED SCH,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,97 PATERSON ST,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903, USA. FU FDA HHS [FD-U-000079] NR 58 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 1 PY 1993 VL 119 IS 7 BP 576 EP 583 PN 1 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MA291 UT WOS:A1993MA29100005 PM 8363168 ER PT J AU LEVY, AS HEATON, AW AF LEVY, AS HEATON, AW TI WEIGHT CONTROL PRACTICES OF UNITED-STATES ADULTS TRYING TO LOSE WEIGHT SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON METHODS FOR VOLUNTARY WEIGHT-LOSS AND CONTROL CY MAR 30-APR 01, 1992 CL BETHESDA, MD SP NIH, NUTR COORDINATING COMM, NIH, OFF MED APPL RES ID BEHAVIOR; OBJECTIVES AB Objective: To estimate the relative prevalence of different types and combinations of practices among weight-loss practitioners and to describe the relations between individual characteristics and various features of weight-loss regimens. Design: A telephone survey of a random digit-dialed probability sample of adults in the continental United States who reported that they were trying to lose weight. Participants: A total of 1431 persons 18 years or older who were attempting to lose weight. Measurements: Self-reports of a detailed inventory of more than 35 specific practices that might be used as part of a voluntary weight-loss plan, along with information about individual characteristics such as current weight, weight-loss history, demographic profile, motivations to lose weight, sources of information, and knowledge about diet and health. Results: The average respondent had a current weight-loss attempt lasting from 5 to 6 months, had tried a similar plan before, and had averaged one attempt a year for the past 2 years. Seventy-one percent of women and 62% of men reported that they were both changing their diet and exercising more as part of a current weight-loss attempt. Frequently reported weight-loss practices included weighing oneself regularly (71% and 70% for women and men, respectively), walking (58% and 44%), using diet soft drinks (52% and 45%), taking vitamins and minerals (33% and 26%), counting calories (25% and 17%), skipping meals (21% and 20%), using commercial meal replacements, (15% and 13%), taking diet pills (14% and 7%), and participating in organized weight-loss programs (13% and 5%). Sex, education, and overweight status influenced the choice of a weight-loss practice. Conclusions: Individual approaches to weight-loss vary and are characterized by their duration and by their recurrent nature. Policy efforts should be directed toward increasing the long-term effectiveness of individual weight-loss plans. RP LEVY, AS (reprint author), USDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,DIV MARKET STUDIES,HFS-727,200 C ST NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 13 TC 140 Z9 142 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 1 PY 1993 VL 119 IS 7 BP 661 EP 666 PN 2 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA MA330 UT WOS:A1993MA33000007 PM 8363193 ER PT J AU DATTA, AR KOTHARY, MH AF DATTA, AR KOTHARY, MH TI EFFECTS OF GLUCOSE, GROWTH TEMPERATURE, AND PH ON LISTERIOLYSIN-O PRODUCTION IN LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID EXPRESSION; QUANTITIES; PROTEINS; GENE AB Expression of listeriolysin O of Listeria monocytogenes as a function of different growth conditions was studied by performing a direct hemolysin assay, immunoblotting experiments, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of listeriolysin O was reduced at a lower growth temperatures (26-degrees-C) and at higher glucose concentrations (greater-than-or-equal-to 0.3%) in the growth media. The effect of glucose appeared to be due to a change in the pH of the growth media. RP DATTA, AR (reprint author), US FDA,DIV MICROBIOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 14 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 59 IS 10 BP 3495 EP 3497 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA MA353 UT WOS:A1993MA35300051 PM 8250571 ER PT J AU HELLMAN, KB PICCIOLO, GL MUELLER, EP AF HELLMAN, KB PICCIOLO, GL MUELLER, EP TI BIOMATERIALS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY SO BIO-TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note RP HELLMAN, KB (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DEVICES & RADIOL HLTH,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 0733-222X J9 BIO-TECHNOL JI Bio-Technology PD OCT PY 1993 VL 11 IS 10 BP 1179 EP 1180 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA LZ373 UT WOS:A1993LZ37300031 PM 7764101 ER PT J AU SAXTON, WL NEWTON, RT RORBERG, J SUTTON, J JOHNSON, LE AF SAXTON, WL NEWTON, RT RORBERG, J SUTTON, J JOHNSON, LE TI POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS IN SEAFOOD FROM THE GULF OF ALASKA FOLLOWING A MAJOR CRUDE-OIL SPILL SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article RP SAXTON, WL (reprint author), US FDA,POB 3012,BOTHELL,WA 98041, USA. NR 4 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 51 IS 4 BP 515 EP 522 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA LR467 UT WOS:A1993LR46700007 PM 8400653 ER PT J AU JAMISDOW, CA KLECKER, RW SAROSY, G REED, E COLLINS, JM AF JAMISDOW, CA KLECKER, RW SAROSY, G REED, E COLLINS, JM TI STEADY-STATE PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS AND EFFECTS OF TAXOL FOR A 250-MG/M(2) DOSE IN COMBINATION WITH GRANULOCYTE-COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR IN PATIENTS WITH OVARIAN-CANCER SO CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE TAXOL; HPLC; PROTEIN BINDING; PHARMACOKINETICS; OVARIAN CANCER ID PHASE-I TRIAL; INFUSION; MELANOMA; TUBULIN; AGENTS AB Taxol, a natural product initially isolated from the stem bark of the western yew Taxus brevifolia, is undergoing phase II and III evaluation due to its reported activity against a variety of tumors. Previous studies have described correlations between plasma concentrations and toxicity when taxol is given (a) at lower doses, (b) for shorter infusion times, and (c) without granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor. Because the 24-h infusion schedule is most commonly used in current clinical trials, we attempted to correlate steady-state plasma concentrations of taxol achieved with a 24-h continuous i.v. infusion with toxicities and responses. Plasma samples from 48 refractory ovarian cancer patients were obtained 1-2 h prior to the end of the first taxol infusion. Taxol concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Interpatient variation of taxol plasma concentrations was small (mean +/- SD, 0.85 +/- 0.21 muM. Total taxol body clearance was 256 +/- 72 ml min-1 m-2 (mean +/- SD). Taxol plasma protein binding was 88.4% +/- 1.3% (mean +/- SD, n = 9). Grade 3-4 hematologic toxicity, mainly leukopenia, occurred in 92% of the patients. The leukopenia was transient and did not warrant a reduction in the dose of taxol. Grade 3-4 nonhematologic toxicity occurred in 8% of the patients. No severe hypersensitivity reaction or grade 3-4 neurotoxicity was observed. Correlations of plasma concentrations and toxicities were not feasible due to the high frequency of hematologic effects and the low frequency of nonhematologic toxicity. The low degree of interpatient variation in plasma concentrations hindered the development of correlations with response. C1 NCI,DIV CANC TREATMENT,CLIN ONCOL PROGRAM,MED BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP JAMISDOW, CA (reprint author), US FDA,CTR DRUG EVALUAT & RES,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,OFF RES RESOURCES,4 RES COURT,ROOM 314,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. RI Ain, Kenneth/A-5179-2012 OI Ain, Kenneth/0000-0002-2668-934X NR 19 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0344-5704 J9 CANCER CHEMOTH PHARM JI Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 33 IS 1 BP 48 EP 52 DI 10.1007/BF00686022 PG 5 WC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Oncology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA MC707 UT WOS:A1993MC70700008 PM 7505722 ER PT J AU BLACK, PL PHILLIPS, H TRIBBLE, HR PENNINGTON, R SCHNEIDER, M TALMADGE, JE AF BLACK, PL PHILLIPS, H TRIBBLE, HR PENNINGTON, R SCHNEIDER, M TALMADGE, JE TI ANTITUMOR RESPONSE TO RECOMBINANT MURINE INTERFERON-GAMMA CORRELATES WITH ENHANCED IMMUNE FUNCTION OF ORGAN-ASSOCIATED, BUT NOT RECIRCULATING CYTOLYTIC T-LYMPHOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES SO CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE MURINE INTERFERON-GAMMA; ANTITUMOR RESPONSE; ORGAN-ASSOCIATED CTL; MACROPHAGES; IMMUNOTHERAPY ID PHASE-I TRIAL; CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; KILLER CELL-ACTIVITY; CANCER-PATIENTS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; IFN-GAMMA; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION; INDUCERS; MELANOMA AB The mechanism of therapeutic activity for recombinant murine interferon-gamma (rMu IFNgamma) in the treatment of metastatic disease was investigated by comparing effector cell augmentation with therapeutic activity in mice bearing experimental lung metastases (B16-BL6 melanoma). Effector cell functions in spleen, peripheral blood, and lung (the tumor-bearing organ) were tested after 1 week and 3 weeks of rMu IFNgamma administration (i. v. three times per week). Natural killer (NK), lymphokine-activated killer (LAK), cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities against specific and nonspecific targets, and macrophage tumoristatic activity were measured. rMu IFNgamma demonstrated immunomodulatory activity in most assays of immune function. The optimal therapeutic protocol of rMu IFNgamma (2.5 x 10(6) U/kg, three times per week) prolonged survival and decreased the number of pulmonary metastatic foci. This therapeutic activity was correlated with specific CTL activity from pulmonary parenchymal mononuclear cells (PPMC), but not from spleen or blood. Macrophage tumoristatic activity in PPMC also correlated with therapeutic activity, but activity in alveolar macrophages did not. However, therapeutic activity did not correlate with NK or LAK activity at any site. These results demonstrate that the optimal therapeutic protocol is the same as the optimal immunomodulatory dose for pulmonary CTL and macrophage activities. Furthermore, while immunological monitoring may help to optimize treatment protocols, current monitoring procedures that use readily accessible sites, particularly peripheral blood, may not accurately predict the therapeutic efficacy of biological response modifiers in clinical trials. RP BLACK, PL (reprint author), US FDA,DIV ANTIVIRAL DRUG PROD,HFD-530,5600 FISHERS LANE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857, USA. RI Talmadge, James/A-5916-2008 OI Talmadge, James/0000-0002-6328-6056 FU PHS HHS [N01-23910] NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0340-7004 J9 CANCER IMMUNOL IMMUN JI Cancer Immunol. Immunother. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 37 IS 5 BP 299 EP 306 DI 10.1007/BF01518452 PG 8 WC Oncology; Immunology SC Oncology; Immunology GA LZ720 UT WOS:A1993LZ72000004 PM 8402733 ER PT J AU LI, EE HEFLICH, RH DELCLOS, KB AF LI, EE HEFLICH, RH DELCLOS, KB TI TRANS-1,2-DIHYDRO-1,2-DIHYDROXY-6-AMINOCHRYSENE IS METABOLIZED TO FORM A MAJOR ADDUCT WITH DEOXYGUANOSINE AND PRODUCES MUTATIONS IN THE HPRT GENE OF CHINESE-HAMSTER OVARY CELLS AT G-C BASEPAIRS SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID DIPLOID HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE MUTANTS; NEWBORN MOUSE ASSAY; DNA-BASE CHANGES; CODING REGION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; EXCISION REPAIR; 6-NITROCHRYSENE; TUMORIGENICITY AB 6-Nitrochrysene can be activated to genotoxic derivatives by two major metabolic pathways: nitroreduction to N-hydroxy-6-aminochrysene, and a combination of ring-oxidation and nitroreduction that involves the intermediate formation of trans-1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxy-6-aminochrysene (6-AC-1,2-dihydrodiol). The DNA adduct formed from this latter pathway was evaluated by reacting individual deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphates with 6-AC-1,2-dihydrodiol in the presence of liver microsomal enzymes from 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats. Binding was greatest to deoxyguanosine monophosphate and the major deoxyguanosine (dG) adduct co-chromatographed with the single major adduct formed from the microsome-catalyzed reaction of 6-AC-1,2-dihydrodiol with DNA. In order to characterize the mutational changes associated with the 6-AC-1,2-dihydrodiol pathway, we analyzed the mutational spectrum produced by 6-AC-1,2-dihydrodiol in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase (hprt) gene of CHO-K1 cells. cDNA was synthesized from the RNA of 28 6-thioguanine-resistant mutants, the hprt coding region amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, and the DNA products directly sequenced. Twenty independent primary mutations were found: 12 G:C --> T:A transversions, three G:C --> C:G transversions, one G:C --> A:T transition, one A:T --> T:A transversion, two -1 frameshift mutations in sequences containing consecutive guanines, and one 11 bp deletion. All G:C basepair substitutions had the mutated dG on the non-transcribed strand and 86% of the G:C basepair substitutions had one purine 3' to the mutated dG. The pattern of 6-AC-1,2-dihydrodiol-induced basepair substitutions was distinct from the pattern observed in solvent control mutants. These results are consistent with the formation of a promutagenic dG adduct from a metabolite of 6-AC-1,2-dihydrodiol. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT PHARMACOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 1993 VL 14 IS 10 BP 2109 EP 2114 DI 10.1093/carcin/14.10.2109 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MD319 UT WOS:A1993MD31900020 PM 8222062 ER PT J AU SEGERBACK, D KADERLIK, KR TALASKA, G DOOLEY, KL KADLUBAR, FF AF SEGERBACK, D KADERLIK, KR TALASKA, G DOOLEY, KL KADLUBAR, FF TI P-32 POSTLABELING ANALYSIS OF DNA-ADDUCTS OF 4,4'-METHYLENEBIS(2-CHLOROANILINE) IN TARGET AND NONTARGET TISSUES IN THE DOG AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR HUMAN RISK ASSESSMENT SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID POST-LABELING ANALYSIS; URINARY-BLADDER; COVALENT BINDING; AROMATIC-AMINES; CARCINOGEN; INVIVO; INVITRO; 4-AMINOBIPHENYL; ENHANCEMENT; MUTAGENESIS AB 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA) has considerable human occupational exposure and it induces urinary bladder tumors in the dog, a species that has been often used as a model for aromatic amine-induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis in humans. Metabolic activation and formation of DNA adducts are considered to be critical steps in this process; and two major C8-adenine adducts have been shown to be formed in vitro by reaction with the proximate carcinogenic metabolite N-hydroxy-MOCA. MOCA-DNA adducts have also been detected in vivo in treated rats and in exfoliated urothelium of a worker accidentally exposed to MOCA. Thus, the aim of this study was to detect and quantify DNA adducts in the urinary bladder of dogs exposed to MOCA and thereby provide data that could be useful for risk assessment after human exposure to MOCA. Beagle dogs were treated with single and multiple doses of MOCA and DNA adduct levels were determined in liver and bladder epithelium. After a single dose, adduct levels in the liver were 1.5-fold higher than that in the bladder epithelium. Adduct levels in these two organs increased 3- to 5-fold after 10 doses and adducts in the liver were then 2.8-fold higher than that in the bladder epithelium. The levels found in these two organs after single exposures were compared, per unit exposure dose, with that reported for other carcinogenic aromatic amines. The comparison showed that MOCA was as effective in DNA adduct formation as most other potent urinary bladder carcinogens. These results suggest that MOCA may have high carcinogenic potential in humans and are consistent with the recent classification of MOCA as a probable human carcinogen. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. FU FDA HHS [NIOSH/FDA 224-88-0003] NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 1993 VL 14 IS 10 BP 2143 EP 2147 DI 10.1093/carcin/14.10.2143 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA MD319 UT WOS:A1993MD31900027 PM 8222068 ER PT J AU SHADDOCK, JG SNAWDER, JE CASCIANO, DA AF SHADDOCK, JG SNAWDER, JE CASCIANO, DA TI CRYOPRESERVATION AND LONG-TERM STORAGE OF PRIMARY RAT HEPATOCYTES - EFFECTS ON SUBSTRATE-SPECIFIC CYTOCHROME P450-DEPENDENT ACTIVITIES AND UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS SO CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RAT HEPATOCYTES; CRYOPRESERVATION; LONG-TERM STORAGE; UNSCHEDULED DNA SYNTHESIS; CYTOCHROME P450S; CULTURE VIABILITY ID REPAIR ASSAY; LIQUID-NITROGEN; LIVER-CELLS; CULTURE; INDUCTION; PRESERVATION; MAINTENANCE; CARCINOGENS; ACTIVATION; METABOLISM AB The effects of cryopreservation and long-term storage on substrate-specific cytochrome P450-dependent activities and unscheduled DNA synthesis were studied in freshly isolated and cryopreserved hepatocytes derived from adult male Fischer 344 and Sprague-Dawley rats. Primary rat hepatocytes were isolated via an in situ collagenase perfusion technique, cryopreserved at -196 degrees C, and thawed at 5 weeks and 104 and 156 weeks post-freezing. In Fischer 344 and Sprague-Dawley rats, cryopreserved hepatocytes were equivalent or similar to freshly isolated hepatocytes in substrate-specific activities for 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and dimethylnitrosamine-N-demethylase and unscheduled DNA synthesis responses. No significant differences in activities toward 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and dimethylnitrosamine-N-demethylase, the substrate-specific activities for cytochromes P4501A1 and P4501A2 and cytochrome P4502E1, respectively, were observed between freshly isolated and cryopreserved hepatocytes. Similar unscheduled DNA synthesis responses, a measure of DNA damage and repair, were observed after exposure to the genotoxic carcinogens 2-acetylamino-fluorene, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, and dimethylnitrosamine; although some decreases were also observed in Fischer 344 hepatocytes after 104 weeks and Sprague-Dawley hepatocytes after 156 weeks in the highest concentrations tested. These results suggest that cryopreserved hepatocytes, stored for extended periods of time in liquid nitrogen, are metabolically equivalent to freshly isolated hepatocytes in their ability to activate precarcinogens. C1 NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV BIOCHEM TOXICOL,JEFFERSON,AR 72079. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT BIOCHEM,LITTLE ROCK,AR. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT MOLEC BIOL & TOXICOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR. RP SHADDOCK, JG (reprint author), NATL CTR TOXICOL RES,DIV GENET TOXICOL,HFT-120,NCTR DR,JEFFERSON,AR 72079, USA. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0742-2091 J9 CELL BIOL TOXICOL JI Cell Biol. Toxicol. PD OCT-DEC PY 1993 VL 9 IS 4 BP 345 EP 357 DI 10.1007/BF00754463 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Toxicology SC Cell Biology; Toxicology GA NA480 UT WOS:A1993NA48000004 PM 8039011 ER PT J AU VANDERVEEN, JE AF VANDERVEEN, JE TI INGREDIENT LABELING UPDATE SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article RP VANDERVEEN, JE (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD OCT PY 1993 VL 38 IS 10 BP 770 EP 770 PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA MF027 UT WOS:A1993MF02700007 ER PT J AU ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB FRATANTONI, JC AF ALAYASH, AI RYAN, BAB FRATANTONI, JC TI OXIDATION REACTIONS OF HUMAN, OPOSSUM (DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA) AND SPOT (LEIOSTOMUS-XANTHURUS) HEMOGLOBINS - A SEARCH FOR A CORRELATION WITH SOME STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SPECIES-RELATED VARIATIONS; TISSUE ANTIOXIDANT STATUS; HYDROXYL RADICALS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXYHEMOGLOBIN; CONSEQUENCES; ERYTHROCYTES; GENERATION; MYOGLOBIN; IRON AB 1. Relative to human HbA, opossum (Didelphis virginiana) hemoglobin was found to be more susceptible to autoxidation. While the initial rate of autoxidation of spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) hemoglobin is close to that of HbA, complete oxidation occurs in 50 hr. 2. Direct addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidation of hemoglobins in a definite order: spot Hb > HbA > opossum Hb. Excess H2O2 led to heme degradation and precipitation that occurred much faster for spot Hb than the case with other proteins. 3. Exposure of hemoglobins to a continuous flux of H2O2, generated by the glucose/glucose oxidase system, induced the formation of heterogenous protein-associated oxidation products. 4. Differential reactivity among these hemoglobins under the same or different oxidative conditions, with respect to methemoglobin formation and stability of the ferric form, may reflect the differences in the local heme environment of these proteins. RP ALAYASH, AI (reprint author), US FDA,CTR BIOL EVALUAT & RES,BETHESDA,MD 20014, USA. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0305-0491 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 106 IS 2 BP 427 EP 432 DI 10.1016/0305-0491(93)90324-X PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA LW236 UT WOS:A1993LW23600032 PM 8243064 ER PT J AU PRIVAL, MJ PEIPERL, MD BELL, SJ AF PRIVAL, MJ PEIPERL, MD BELL, SJ TI DETERMINATION OF COMBINED BENZIDINE IN FD-AND-C YELLOW NO-5 (TARTRAZINE), USING A HIGHLY SENSITIVE ANALYTICAL METHOD SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SULFONATED AROMATIC-AMINES; REDUCTION; DERIVATIZATION; DIAZOTIZATION; METABOLISM AB 53 samples of FD & C Yellow No. 5 (tartrazine; Colour Index No. 19140) were examined for combined benzidine. These samples, which represent separate lots from 12 dye distributors, were submitted to the US FDA for certification between 28 February 1990 and 27 June 1991. A method was developed to reduce the dye matrix with dithionite so that combined benzidine present in the form of azo or disazo dyes would be converted to free benzidine. Reduction was followed by extraction, diazotization and coupling with pyrazolone T, and the total benzidine present was quantitated as benzidine-pyrazolone T disazo dye (BZPT) by HPLC with detection at 500 nm. The limit of quantitation for benzidine in FD & C Yellow No. 5 by this method is 5 ng/g. 25 samples of FD & C Yellow No. 5 were found to contain 7-83 ng/g of combined benzidine that was released by dithionite reduction. 23 of these samples were from the same manufacturer. The identity of the BZPT from two FD & C Yellow No. 5 samples was confirmed by spectral analysis using HPLC with a photodiode array detector. C1 US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,COLOR TECHNOL BRANCH HFS126,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. RP PRIVAL, MJ (reprint author), US FDA,CTR FOOD SAFETY & APPL NUTR,GENET TOXICOL BRANCH HFS236,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1993 VL 31 IS 10 BP 751 EP 758 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(93)90147-Q PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA ME109 UT WOS:A1993ME10900009 PM 8225134 ER PT J AU DEVOID, DE MINKOFF, H GOEDERT, J BISWAS, R DIBISCEGLIE, AM AF DEVOID, DE MINKOFF, H GOEDERT, J BISWAS, R DIBISCEGLIE, AM TI PERINATAL TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS-C SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNESCO,DEPT PEDIAT,F-75700 PARIS,FRANCE. NIH,LIVER DIS SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,VIRAL EPIDEMIOL SECT,BETHESDA,MD 20892. SUNY HLTH SCI CTR,NEW YORK,NY. US FDA,CBER,HEPATITIS LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD OCT PY 1993 VL 18 IS 4 BP A229 EP A229 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA LY995 UT WOS:A1993LY99500687 ER EF