FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Huang, K Le Jeannic, H Verma, VB Shaw, MD Marsili, F Nam, SW Wu, E Zeng, H Morin, O Laurat, J AF Huang, K. Le Jeannic, H. Verma, V. B. Shaw, M. D. Marsili, F. Nam, S. W. Wu, E. Zeng, H. Morin, O. Laurat, J. TI Experimental quantum state engineering with time-separated heraldings from a continuous-wave light source: A temporal-mode analysis SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-PHOTON SOURCE; HYBRID ENTANGLEMENT; INFORMATION; GENERATION; WAVELENGTH; DETECTOR AB Conditional preparation is a well-established technique for quantum state engineering of light. A general trend is to increase the number of heralding detection events in such a realization to reach larger photon-number states or their arbitrary superpositions. In contrast to pulsed implementations, where detections only occur within the pulse window, for continuous-wave light the temporal separation of the conditioning detections is an additional degree of freedom and a critical parameter. Based on a theoretical study by Nielsen and Molmer [A. E. B. Nielsen and K. Molmer, Phys. Rev. A 75, 043801 (2007)] and on a continuous-wave two-mode squeezed vacuum from a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator, we experimentally investigate the generation of two-photon state with tunable delay between the heralding events. The present work illustrates the temporal multimode features in play for conditional state generation based on continuous-wave light sources and quantifies the compromise between preparation rate and fidelity in this scenario. C1 [Huang, K.; Le Jeannic, H.; Morin, O.; Laurat, J.] Univ Paris 04, UPMC, CNRS,Coll France, Lab Kastler Brossel,ENS PSL Res Univ, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. [Huang, K.; Wu, E.; Zeng, H.] E China Normal Univ, State Key Lab Precis Spect, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China. [Verma, V. B.; Nam, S. W.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Shaw, M. D.; Marsili, F.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Morin, O.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Laurat, J (reprint author), Univ Paris 04, UPMC, CNRS,Coll France, Lab Kastler Brossel,ENS PSL Res Univ, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. EM julien.laurat@upmc.fr RI LAURAT, Julien /A-8542-2011; MORIN, Olivier/A-1075-2017 OI LAURAT, Julien /0000-0001-8318-6514; FU European Research Council (Starting Grant HybridNet); Defense Advanced Research Project Agency Information in a Photon (InPho); QUINESS programs; China Scholarship Council FX This work was supported by the European Research Council (Starting Grant HybridNet). Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. V.B.V. and S.W.N. acknowledge partial funding for detector development from the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency Information in a Photon (InPho) and QUINESS programs. K.H. was supported by the China Scholarship Council. J.L. is a member of the Institut Universitaire de France. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 1 AR 013838 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.013838 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DB4HI UT WOS:000368473700012 ER PT J AU Ade, PAR Ahmed, Z Aikin, RW Alexander, KD Barkats, D Benton, SJ Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Bowens-Rubin, R Brevik, JA Buder, I Bullock, E Buza, V Connors, J Crill, BP Duband, L Dvorkin, C Filippini, JP Fliescher, S Grayson, J Halpern, M Harrison, S Hilton, GC Hui, H Irwin, KD Karkare, KS Karpel, E Kaufman, JP Keating, BG Kefeli, S Kernasovskiy, SA Kovac, JM Kuo, CL Leitch, EM Lueker, M Megerian, KG Netterfield, CB Nguyen, HT O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Orlando, A Pryke, C Richter, S Schwarz, R Sheehy, CD Staniszewski, ZK Steinbach, B Sudiwala, RV Teply, GP Thompson, KL Tolan, JE Tucker, C Turner, AD Vieregg, AG Weber, AC Wiebe, DV Willmert, J Wong, CL Wu, WLK Yoon, KW AF Ade, P. A. R. Ahmed, Z. Aikin, R. W. Alexander, K. D. Barkats, D. Benton, S. J. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Bowens-Rubin, R. Brevik, J. A. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Buza, V. Connors, J. Crill, B. P. Duband, L. Dvorkin, C. Filippini, J. P. Fliescher, S. Grayson, J. Halpern, M. Harrison, S. Hilton, G. C. Hui, H. Irwin, K. D. Karkare, K. S. Karpel, E. Kaufman, J. P. Keating, B. G. Kefeli, S. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Kovac, J. M. Kuo, C. L. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Megerian, K. G. Netterfield, C. B. Nguyen, H. T. O'Brient, R. Ogburn, R. W. Orlando, A. Pryke, C. Richter, S. Schwarz, R. Sheehy, C. D. Staniszewski, Z. K. Steinbach, B. Sudiwala, R. V. Teply, G. P. Thompson, K. L. Tolan, J. E. Tucker, C. Turner, A. D. Vieregg, A. G. Weber, A. C. Wiebe, D. V. Willmert, J. Wong, C. L. Wu, W. L. K. Yoon, K. W. CA Keck Array Collaboration BICEP2 Collaboration TI Improved Constraints on Cosmology and Foregrounds from BICEP2 and Keck Array Cosmic Microwave Background Data with Inclusion of 95 GHz Band SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID B-MODE POLARIZATION; SCALES; MAPS AB We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2 and Keck Array cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments up to and including the 2014 observing season. This includes the first Keck Array observations at 95 GHz. The maps reach a depth of 50 nK deg in Stokes Q and U in the 150 GHz band and 127 nK deg in the 95 GHz band. We take auto-and cross-spectra between these maps and publicly available maps from WMAP and Planck at frequencies from 23 to 353 GHz. An excess over lensed Lambda CDM is detected at modest significance in the 95 x 150 BB spectrum, and is consistent with the dust contribution expected from our previous work. No significant evidence for synchrotron emission is found in spectra such as 23 x 95, or for correlation between the dust and synchrotron sky patterns in spectra such as 23 x 353. We take the likelihood of all the spectra for a multicomponent model including lensed Lambda CDM, dust, synchrotron, and a possible contribution from inflationary gravitational waves (as parametrized by the tensor-to-scalar ratio r) using priors on the frequency spectral behaviors of dust and synchrotron emission from previous analyses of WMAP and Planck data in other regions of the sky. This analysis yields an upper limit r(0.05) < 0.09 at 95% confidence, which is robust to variations explored in analysis and priors. Combining these B-mode results with the (more model-dependent) constraints from Planck analysis of CMB temperature plus baryon acoustic oscillations and other data yields a combined limit r(0.05) < 0.07 at 95% confidence. These are the strongest constraints to date on inflationary gravitational waves. C1 [Ade, P. A. R.; Sudiwala, R. V.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Yoon, K. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J.; Irwin, K. D.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Aikin, R. W.; Bock, J. J.; Brevik, J. A.; Filippini, J. P.; Hui, H.; Kefeli, S.; Lueker, M.; O'Brient, R.; Orlando, A.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J.; Harrison, S.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Bock, J. J.; Crill, B. P.; Megerian, K. G.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A. C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bullock, E.; Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Buza, V.; Dvorkin, C.; Kovac, J. M.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Duband, L.] CEA Grenoble, Serv Basses Temp, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.; Schwarz, R.; Sheehy, C. D.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Halpern, M.; Wiebe, D. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Kaufman, J. P.; Keating, B. G.; Orlando, A.; Teply, G. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Leitch, E. M.; Sheehy, C. D.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Netterfield, C. B.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Kovac, JM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Pryke, C (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.; Kovac, JM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Pryke, C (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM jmkovac@cfa.harvard.edu; pryke@physics.umn.edu OI Barkats, Denis/0000-0002-8971-1954; Weber, Alfons/0000-0002-8222-6681 FU National Science Foundation [ANT-1145172, ANT-1145143, ANT-1145248]; Keck Foundation; JPL Research and Technology Development Fund; NASA [06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation at Caltech; Canada Foundation for Innovation grant; U.S. DOE Office of Science FX The Keck Array project has been made possible through support from the National Science Foundation under Grants No. ANT-1145172 (Harvard), No. ANT-1145143 (Minnesota), and No. ANT-1145248 (Stanford), and from the Keck Foundation (Caltech). The development of antenna-coupled detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and Technology Development Fund and Grants No. 06-ARPA206-0040 and No. 10-SAT10-0017 from the NASA APRA and SAT programs. The development and testing of focal planes were supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation at Caltech. Readout electronics were supported by a Canada Foundation for Innovation grant to UBC. The computations in this Letter were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. The analysis effort at Stanford and SLAC is partially supported by the U.S. DOE Office of Science. We thank the staff of the U.S. Antarctic Program and, in particular, the South Pole Station without whose help this research would not have been possible. Most special thanks go to Robert Schwarz and Steffen Richter. We thank all those who have contributed past efforts to the BICEP-Keck Array series of experiments, including the BICEP1 team. We also thank the Planck and WMAP teams for the use of their data. NR 27 TC 102 Z9 102 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 116 IS 3 AR 031302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.031302 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DB4ZX UT WOS:000368523400001 PM 26849583 ER PT J AU Fichot, CG Downing, BD Bergamaschi, BA Windham-Myers, L Marvin-DiPasquale, M Thompson, DR Gierach, MM AF Fichot, Cedric G. Downing, Bryan D. Bergamaschi, Brian A. Windham-Myers, Lisamarie Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark Thompson, David R. Gierach, Michelle M. TI High-Resolution Remote Sensing of Water Quality in the San Francisco Bay Delta Estuary SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; TURBID PRODUCTIVE WATERS; CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION; GULF-OF-MEXICO; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS; YOLO BYPASS; COASTAL AB The San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary watershed is a major source of freshwater for California and a profoundly human-impacted environment. The water quality monitoring that is critical to the management of this important water resource and ecosystem relies primarily on a system of fixed water-quality monitoring stations, but the limited spatial coverage often hinders understanding. Here, we show how the latest technology in visible/near-infrared imaging spectroscopy can facilitate water quality monitoring in this highly dynamic and heterogeneous system by enabling simultaneous depictions of several water quality indicators at very high spatial resolution. The airborne portable remote imaging spectrometer (PRISM) was used to derive high-spatial-resolution (2.6 x 2.6 m) distributions of turbidity, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chlorophyll-a concentrations in a wetland-influenced region of this estuary. A filter-passing methylmercury vs DOC relationship was also developed using in situ samples and enabled the high-spatial-resolution depiction of surface methylmercury concentrations in this area. The results illustrate how high-resolution imaging spectroscopy can inform management and policy development in important inland and estuarine water bodies by facilitating the detection of point- and nonpoint-source pollution, and by providing data to help assess the complex impacts of wetland restoration and climate change on water quality and ecosystem productivity. C1 [Fichot, Cedric G.; Thompson, David R.; Gierach, Michelle M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Downing, Bryan D.; Bergamaschi, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Windham-Myers, Lisamarie; Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Fichot, CG (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM cgfichot@gmail.com OI Downing, Bryan/0000-0002-2007-5304; Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581 NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 17 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 573 EP 583 DI 10.1021/aCs.esL5b03518 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB5OL UT WOS:000368563400007 PM 26651265 ER PT J AU Park, JY Moon, DI Seol, ML Jeon, CH Jeon, GJ Han, JW Kim, CK Park, SJ Lee, HC Choi, YK AF Park, Jun-Young Moon, Dong-Il Seol, Myeong-Lok Jeon, Chang-Hoon Jeon, Gwang-Jae Han, Jin-Woo Kim, Choong-Ki Park, Sang-Jae Lee, Hee Chul Choi, Yang-Kyu TI Controllable electrical and physical breakdown of poly-crystalline silicon nanowires by thermally assisted electromigration SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ANNEALING CHARACTERISTICS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; FILMS; TRANSISTORS AB The importance of poly-crystalline silicon (poly-Si) in semiconductor manufacturing is rapidly increasing due to its highly controllable conductivity and excellent, uniform deposition quality. With the continuing miniaturization of electronic components, low dimensional structures such as 1-dimensional nanowires (NWs) have attracted a great deal of attention. But such components have a much higher current density than 2-or 3-dimensional films, and high current can degrade device lifetime and lead to breakdown problems. Here, we report on the electrical and thermal characteristics of poly-Si NWs, which can also be used to control electrical and physical breakdown under high current density. This work reports a controllable catastrophic change of poly-Si NWs by thermally-assisted electromigration and underlying mechanisms. It also reports the direct and real time observation of these catastrophic changes of poly-Si nanowires for the first time, using scanning electron microscopy. C1 [Park, Jun-Young; Moon, Dong-Il; Seol, Myeong-Lok; Jeon, Chang-Hoon; Jeon, Gwang-Jae; Kim, Choong-Ki; Park, Sang-Jae; Lee, Hee Chul; Choi, Yang-Kyu] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Elect Engn, Daejeon 34141, South Korea. [Jeon, Chang-Hoon] Samsung Elect, Semicond R&D Ctr, Hwasung City 445701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Han, Jin-Woo] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Ctr Nanotechnol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Choi, YK (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Elect Engn, Daejeon 34141, South Korea. EM ykchoi@ee.kaist.ac.kr RI Lee, Hee Chul/C-1996-2011; OI Seol, Myeong-Lok/0000-0001-5724-2244 FU Pioneer Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [20120009594]; Center for Integrated Smart Sensors - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning as Global Frontier Project [CISS-2011-0031848] FX This work was partially sponsored through a grant from the Pioneer Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Grant 20120009594). This work was also supported by the Center for Integrated Smart Sensors funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning as Global Frontier Project (CISS-2011-0031848). NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 19314 DI 10.1038/srep19314 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB2JP UT WOS:000368334400001 PM 26782708 ER PT J AU Perdomo-Ortiz, A O'Gorman, B Fluegemann, J Biswas, R Smelyanskiy, VN AF Perdomo-Ortiz, Alejandro O'Gorman, Bryan Fluegemann, Joseph Biswas, Rupak Smelyanskiy, Vadim N. TI Determination and correction of persistent biases in quantum annealers SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID MODELS AB Calibration of quantum computers is essential to the effective utilisation of their quantum resources. Specifically, the performance of quantum annealers is likely to be significantly impaired by noise in their programmable parameters, effectively misspecification of the computational problem to be solved, often resulting in spurious suboptimal solutions. We developed a strategy to determine and correct persistent, systematic biases between the actual values of the programmable parameters and their user-specified values. We applied the recalibration strategy to two D-Wave Two quantum annealers, one at NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California, and another at D-Wave Systems in Burnaby, Canada. We show that the recalibration procedure not only reduces the magnitudes of the biases in the programmable parameters but also enhances the performance of the device on a set of random benchmark instances. C1 [Perdomo-Ortiz, Alejandro; O'Gorman, Bryan; Fluegemann, Joseph] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Perdomo-Ortiz, Alejandro] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [O'Gorman, Bryan] SGT Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Fluegemann, Joseph] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, San Jose State Res Fdn, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Biswas, Rupak] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Explorat Technol Directorate, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Smelyanskiy, Vadim N.] Google, Venice Beach, CA 90291 USA. RP Perdomo-Ortiz, A (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Quantum Artificial Intelligence Lab, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM alejandro.perdomoortiz@nasa.gov FU Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA); Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) [IAA 145483]; Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Information Directorate [F4HBKC4162G001] FX We thank D-Wave Systems for the use of its device. This work was supported in part by the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), via IAA 145483, and by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Information Directorate under grant F4HBKC4162G001. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of ODNI, IARPA, AFRL, or the U.S. Government. Institutional support was provided by the NASA Advanced Exploration Systems program and NASA Ames Research Center. The authors would like to thank T. Lanting, J. Realpe-Gomez, E. Rieffel, K. Kechedzhi, and D. Venturelli for useful discussions. The authors thank D-wave Systems, Inc for remote access to their 424-qubit device located in Burnaby, Canada. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 18628 DI 10.1038/srep18628 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB2JA UT WOS:000368332900001 PM 26783120 ER PT J AU Weaver, MJ Pepper, B Luna, F Buters, FM Eerkens, HJ Welker, G Perock, B Heeck, K de Man, S Bouwmeester, D AF Weaver, M. J. Pepper, B. Luna, F. Buters, F. M. Eerkens, H. J. Welker, G. Perock, B. Heeck, K. de Man, S. Bouwmeester, D. TI Nested trampoline resonators for optomechanics SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM GROUND-STATE; INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; CAVITY; MOTION AB Two major challenges in the development of optomechanical devices are achieving a low mechanical and optical loss rate and vibration isolation from the environment. We address both issues by fabricating trampoline resonators made from low pressure chemical vapor deposition Si3N4 with a distributed Bragg reflector mirror. We design a nested double resonator structure with 80 dB of mechanical isolation from the mounting surface at the inner resonator frequency, and we demonstrate up to 45 dB of isolation at lower frequencies in agreement with the design. We reliably fabricate devices with mechanical quality factors of around 400 000 at room temperature. In addition, these devices were used to form optical cavities with finesse up to 181 000 +/- 1000. These promising parameters will enable experiments in the quantum regime with macroscopic mechanical resonators. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Weaver, M. J.; Pepper, B.; Luna, F.; Perock, B.; Bouwmeester, D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Buters, F. M.; Eerkens, H. J.; Welker, G.; Heeck, K.; de Man, S.; Bouwmeester, D.] Leiden Univ, Huygens Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands. [Pepper, B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Weaver, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM mweaver@physics.ucsb.edu OI Luna, Jose Fernando/0000-0001-6806-3970 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1212483] FX The authors would like to thank H. van der Meer for technical assistance and support and P. Sonin for helpful discussion about the design of single resonators. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1212483. This work is also part of the research program of the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) and of the NWO VICI research program, which are both part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 2016 VL 108 IS 3 AR 033501 DI 10.1063/1.4939828 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DH8PB UT WOS:000373055500052 ER PT J AU Li, JLF Lee, WL Yu, JY Hulley, G Fetzer, E Chen, YC Wang, YH AF Li, J-L. F. Lee, Wei-Liang Yu, Jia-Yuh Hulley, Glynn Fetzer, Eric Chen, Yi-Chun Wang, Yi-Hui TI The impacts of precipitating hydrometeors radiative effects on land surface temperature in contemporary GCMs using satellite observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE land surface temperature; GCM; cloud; radiation ID ATMOSPHERE RADIATION; CLIMATE MODELS; CLOUD; PRODUCTS; MODIS; UNCERTAINTY; IRRADIANCES; VALIDATION; CONSISTENT; BALANCE AB An accurate representation of the land surface temperature (LST) climatology of the coupled land-atmosphere system has strong implications for the reliability of projected land surface processes and their variability inferred by the global climate models (GCMs) contributed to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change CMIP5. We have identified a substantial underestimation of the total ice water path and biases of surface radiation budget commonly seen in the CMIP models which are highly correlated to the biases of LST over land. One of the potential causes of the CMIP model biases is the missing representation of large frozen precipitating hydrometeors and their radiative effects (i.e., snow) in all CMIP3 and most CMIP5 models. We examine the impacts of snow on the radiation, all-sky and clear-sky LST, and air-land heat fluxes to explore the implications to the common biases in CMIP models by performing sensitivity experiments with and without snow radiation effects using the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model version 1. It is found that an exclusion of the snow radiative effects the CESM1 generates the LST biases (up to 2-3K) in the midlatitude and high latitude, in particular, in December, January, and February (DJF). All-sky and clear-sky LST in model simulations are found to be too cold and are mainly due to underestimated downward surface (longwave) LW radiation in DJF, which is consistent with those in CMIP models. The correlation between the changes of the LST and downward surface LW radiation is very high both in summer and winter seasons. C1 [Li, J-L. F.; Hulley, Glynn; Fetzer, Eric; Chen, Yi-Chun; Wang, Yi-Hui] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Lee, Wei-Liang] Acad Sinica, RCEC, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Yu, Jia-Yuh] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taoyuan, Taiwan. RP Li, JLF (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM Juilin.F.Li@jpl.nasa.gov FU ATMOS COMP [NNH12ZDA001N-CCST]; NASA; National Science Council [NSC100-2119-M-001-029-MY5, NSC102-2111-M-001-009] FX We would like to thank MinHui Lo, National Taiwan University for his useful suggestions. The contribution by J. L. L. to this study was carried out on behalf of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contracts of ATMOS COMP 2013 (NNH12ZDA001N-CCST) with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This work has been supported in part by the NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) programs. The second author (W. L. L.) was supported by National Science Council under contracts NSC100-2119-M-001-029-MY5 and NSC102-2111-M-001-009. The most up-to-date Radiative Longwave Downward flux at Surface (RLDS) and Radiative Shortwave Downward flux at Surface (RSDS) are available from EBAF-Surface and ISCCP derived products. This surface flux radiation product is constrained by TOA CERES-derived flux with Energy Balanced and Filled (EBAF) adjustments [Kato et al., 2011, 2012, 2013]. The data used in this study are the monthly mean product, collected from January 2000 to December 2010. The CERES data can be found at http://ceres.larc.nasa.gov/order_data.php. The land surface temperature is monthly composite and average of the MODIS Level-3 LST product (MOD11C3) at 0.05 degrees grid resolution (2002 to 2012). Further details regarding MODIS land product validation for the LST/E products are available from the following URL: http://landval.gsfc.nasa.gov/ProductStatus.php?ProductID=MOD11. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 67 EP 79 DI 10.1002/2015JD023776 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DD3TH UT WOS:000369845300005 ER PT J AU Huang, M Lee, P McNider, R Crawford, J Buzay, E Barrick, J Liu, YL Krishnan, P AF Huang, Min Lee, Pius McNider, Richard Crawford, James Buzay, Eric Barrick, John Liu, Yuling Krishnan, Praveena TI Temporal and spatial variability of daytime land surface temperature in Houston: Comparing DISCOVER-AQ aircraft observations with the WRF model and satellites SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE land surface temperature; DISCOVER-AQ Houston; WRF model; GOES; MODIS; VIIRS ID URBAN HEAT-ISLAND; UNITED-STATES; PART I; DATA ASSIMILATION; DIURNAL CYCLES; PARAMETERIZATION; IMPLEMENTATION; SEVERITY; DROUGHT; CLIMATE AB Based on a semiempirical diurnal temperature cycle model and aircraft observations taken at different times of the day, daytime land surface temperature (LST) is derived at six locations in the Greater Houston area on the least cloudy day during NASA's DISCOVER-AQ (Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality) field campaign in September 2013. The aircraft-derived daytime LSTs show ranges (max-min) of 11-25 degrees K varying by location, with the daily maxima occurring near 1300-1400 local time. Two Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations that were configured differently are compared with these aircraft-derived LST, indicating location- and time-dependent performance. The NOAA GOES geostationary satellite observed similar LST spatial patterns in Houston to those in finer resolution from two polar-orbiting satellite instruments (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite), and it provided useful information of the LST temporal variability missing from the polar-orbiting satellite products. However, spatial- and time-varying discrepancies are found among LSTs from these various platforms, which are worth further evaluation in order to benefit model evaluation and improvement. The aircraft and satellite LSTs are overall anticorrelated with satellite vegetation indexes. This emphasizes the importance of vegetation cover in urban planning due to its cooling effect and further impact on biogenic emissions and regional air quality. The approaches shown in this study are also suitable for applications under cloudless conditions at other locations and times, such as during the remaining DISCOVER-AQ deployments conducted in three other populated regions with diverse land uses. C1 [Huang, Min; Lee, Pius] NOAA, OAR, ARL Headquarter, College Pk, MD USA. [Huang, Min] George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [McNider, Richard] Univ Alabama, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Crawford, James; Barrick, John] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Buzay, Eric] Univ N Dakota, Natl Suborbital Educ & Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Barrick, John] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA. [Liu, Yuling] NOAA, NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA. [Liu, Yuling] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Krishnan, Praveena] NOAA, OAR, ARL, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Krishnan, Praveena] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Huang, M (reprint author), NOAA, OAR, ARL Headquarter, College Pk, MD USA.; Huang, M (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM mhuang10@gmu.edu RI Krishnan, Praveena/F-8169-2010 FU Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) FX We thank the contributions from Y. Wu, K. Doty (U Alabama), and P. Winter (Wintronics). The views, opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. Government position, policy, or decision. The preparation of this paper was financed through a grant from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), administered by The University of Texas through the Air Quality Research Program. The contents, findings, opinions, and conclusions are the work of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the findings, opinions, or conclusions of the TCEQ. The open access to the used aircraft and satellite data is acknowledged: DISCOVER-AQ P-3B (http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/ArcView/discover-aq.tx-2013), doi: 10.5067/Aircraft/DISCOVER-AQ/Aerosol-TraceGas; GSIP (http://www.class.ngdc.noaa.gov/saa/products/search?datatype_family=GSIP ); MODIS (https://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov/data/); VIIRS (http://www.class.ngdc.noaa.gov/saa/products/search?sub_id=0&datatype_fa mily=VIIRS_EDR&submit.x=17&submit.y=9). The WRF model output can be made available upon request. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 185 EP 195 DI 10.1002/2015JD023996 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DD3TH UT WOS:000369845300012 ER PT J AU Xia, YL Cosgrove, BA Mitchell, KE Peters-Lidard, CD Ek, MB Kumar, S Mocko, D Wei, HL AF Xia, Youlong Cosgrove, Brian A. Mitchell, Kenneth E. Peters-Lidard, Christa D. Ek, Michael B. Kumar, Sujay Mocko, David Wei, Helin TI Basin-scale assessment of the land surface energy budget in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction operational and research NLDAS-2 systems SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE NLDAS-2 system; evaluation of energy budget components; River Forecast Center; land surface models; Surface Radiation Budget; sensible and latent heat flux ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; SOIL-MOISTURE; WATER-BALANCE; BIOSPHERE MODEL; RIVER-BASIN; CLIMATE; REANALYSIS; PRODUCTS; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; TEMPERATURE AB This paper compares the annual and monthly components of the simulated energy budget from the North American Land Data Assimilation System phase 2 (NLDAS-2) with reference products over the domains of the 12 River Forecast Centers (RFCs) of the continental United States (CONUS). The simulations are calculated from both operational and research versions of NLDAS-2. The reference radiation components are obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Surface Radiation Budget product. The reference sensible and latent heat fluxes are obtained from a multitree ensemble method applied to gridded FLUXNET data from the Max Planck Institute, Germany. As these references are obtained from different data sources, they cannot fully close the energy budget, although the range of closure error is less than 15% for mean annual results. The analysis here demonstrates the usefulness of basin-scale surface energy budget analysis for evaluating model skill and deficiencies. The operational (i.e., Noah, Mosaic, and VIC) and research (i.e., Noah-I and VIC4.0.5) NLDAS-2 land surface models exhibit similarities and differences in depicting basin-averaged energy components. For example, the energy components of the five models have similar seasonal cycles, but with different magnitudes. Generally, Noah and VIC overestimate (underestimate) sensible (latent) heat flux over several RFCs of the eastern CONUS. In contrast, Mosaic underestimates (overestimates) sensible (latent) heat flux over almost all 12 RFCs. The research Noah-I and VIC4.0.5 versions show moderate-to-large improvements (basin and model dependent) relative to their operational versions, which indicates likely pathways for future improvements in the operational NLDAS-2 system. C1 [Xia, Youlong; Ek, Michael B.; Wei, Helin] NCEP, EMC, College Pk, MD USA. [Xia, Youlong; Wei, Helin] NCEP EMC, IM SystemGrp IMSG, College Pk, MD USA. [Cosgrove, Brian A.] Natl Water Ctr, Natl Weather Serv NWS, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Mitchell, Kenneth E.] Prescient Weather Ltd, State Coll, PA USA. [Peters-Lidard, Christa D.; Kumar, Sujay; Mocko, David] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Kumar, Sujay; Mocko, David] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SAIC, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Xia, YL (reprint author), NCEP, EMC, College Pk, MD USA.; Xia, YL (reprint author), NCEP EMC, IM SystemGrp IMSG, College Pk, MD USA. EM youlong.xia@noaa.gov RI Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012 OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876 FU NOAA Climate Program Office MAPP program FX We thank Martin Jung of the Maxi Planck Institute for providing the MTE SH and LH data and the NASA Langley Research Center for providing the SRB satellite radiation observations. We also thank Yu-Tai Hou at NCEP/EMC, Jiafu Mao at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and two anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. This work was supported by the NOAA Climate Program Office MAPP program. NLDAS-2 products can be freely obtained from both the NCEP/EMC ftp site (ftp://ldas.ncep.noaa.gov/nldas2/retrospective/) and the NASA NLDAS website (http://ldas.gsfc.nasa.gov/nldas/NLDASnews.php). The NASA GEWEX/SRB radiation products can be obtained from the NASA website (http://gewex-srb.larc.nasa.gov/). The gridded FLUXNET sensible and latent heat flux products, including their uncertainty estimates, can be obtained (via Martin Jung) from https://www.bgc-jena.mpg.de/geodb/projects/Home.php. These websites serve as valuable resources for readers and data users who seek to leverage these data sets to perform research investigations. NR 72 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 196 EP 220 DI 10.1002/2015JD023889 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DD3TH UT WOS:000369845300013 ER PT J AU Yu, Y Notaro, M Kalashnikova, OV Garay, MJ AF Yu, Yan Notaro, Michael Kalashnikova, Olga V. Garay, Michael J. TI Climatology of summer Shamal wind in the Middle East SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE Arabian Peninsula; Shamal wind; aerosol optical depth; plume motion vector; summer monsoon ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; DUST STORM; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; AIR-TEMPERATURE; EL-NINO; MONSOON; ONSET; GULF; MISR; CIRCULATION AB The Middle Eastern Shamal is a strong north-northwesterly wind, capable of lifting dust from the Tigris-Euphrates basin and transporting it to the Persian Gulf and Arabian Peninsula. The present study explores the poorly understood spatial and temporal variability of summer Shamal on the diurnal, seasonal, and interannual time scales, along with its influence on dust storm activity and sensitivity to global patterns of sea surface temperature using a comprehensive set of observational data. Statistics of the summer Shamal season are quantified for the first time, including its onset, termination, duration, and the occurrence of distinct break periods. Based on a multistation criteria, the mean onset and termination of the Shamal season occur on 30 May16days (1 standard deviation) and 16 August22days, respectively. Anomalously early (late) onset and termination of the Shamal season are typically associated with La Nina (El Nino) conditions, which favor (inhibit) the development of the Iranian heat low in spring and inhibit (favor) its persistence into late summer. Dust source regions in the Tigris-Euphrates basin and Kuwait, as well as southeastward dust transport during the summer Shamal, which cannot be detected by satellite aerosol products alone, are identified, for the first time, from the Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer plume motion vector products and confirmed by surface observations and lidar data. A close interrelationship has been revealed among summertime dust activity across the eastern Arabian Peninsula, frequency of Shamal days, and duration of the Shamal season on the interannual time scales. C1 [Yu, Yan; Notaro, Michael] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Nelson Inst, Madison, WI USA. [Kalashnikova, Olga V.; Garay, Michael J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Yu, Y (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Nelson Inst, Madison, WI USA. EM yu45@wisc.edu NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 289 EP 305 DI 10.1002/2015JD024063 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DD3TH UT WOS:000369845300018 ER PT J AU Berg, LK Fast, JD Barnard, JC Burton, SP Cairns, B Chand, D Comstock, JM Dunagan, S Ferrare, RA Flynn, CJ Hair, JW Hostetler, CA Hubbe, J Jefferson, A Johnson, R Kassianov, EI Kluzek, CD Kollias, P Lamer, K Lantz, K Mei, F Miller, MA Michalsky, J Ortega, I Pekour, M Rogers, RR Russell, PB Redemann, J Sedlacek, AJ Segal-Rosenheimer, M Schmid, B Shilling, JE Shinozuka, Y Springston, SR Tomlinson, JM Tyrrell, M Wilson, JM Volkamer, R Zelenyuk, A Berkowitz, CM AF Berg, Larry K. Fast, Jerome D. Barnard, James C. Burton, Sharon P. Cairns, Brian Chand, Duli Comstock, Jennifer M. Dunagan, Stephen Ferrare, Richard A. Flynn, Connor J. Hair, Johnathan W. Hostetler, Chris A. Hubbe, John Jefferson, Anne Johnson, Roy Kassianov, Evgueni I. Kluzek, Celine D. Kollias, Pavlos Lamer, Katia Lantz, Kathleen Mei, Fan Miller, Mark A. Michalsky, Joseph Ortega, Ivan Pekour, Mikhail Rogers, Ray R. Russell, Philip B. Redemann, Jens Sedlacek, Arthur J., III Segal-Rosenheimer, Michal Schmid, Beat Shilling, John E. Shinozuka, Yohei Springston, Stephen R. Tomlinson, Jason M. Tyrrell, Megan Wilson, Jacqueline M. Volkamer, Rainer Zelenyuk, Alla Berkowitz, Carl M. TI The Two-Column Aerosol Project: Phase IOverview and impact of elevated aerosol layers on aerosol optical depth SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE aerosol; optical depth; measurements; layers ID OBSERVATIONAL EXPERIMENT TARFOX; SPECTRAL-RESOLUTION LIDAR; IN-SITU CHARACTERIZATION; MID-ATLANTIC COAST; MASS-SPECTROMETER; UNITED-STATES; SPLAT II; CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION; SIMULTANEOUS RETRIEVAL; VERTICAL STRUCTURE AB The Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP), conducted from June 2012 through June 2013, was a unique study designed to provide a comprehensive data set that can be used to investigate a number of important climate science questions, including those related to aerosol mixing state and aerosol radiative forcing. The study was designed to sample the atmosphere between and within two atmospheric columns; one fixed near the coast of North America (over Cape Cod, MA) and a second moveable column over the Atlantic Ocean several hundred kilometers from the coast. The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility (AMF) was deployed at the base of the Cape Cod column, and the ARM Aerial Facility was utilized for the summer and winter intensive observation periods. One important finding from TCAP is that four of six nearly cloud-free flight days had aerosol layers aloft in both the Cape Cod and maritime columns that were detected using the nadir pointing second-generation NASA high-spectral resolution lidar (HSRL-2). These layers contributed up to 60% of the total observed aerosol optical depth (AOD). Many of these layers were also intercepted by the aircraft configured for in situ sampling, and the aerosol in the layers was found to have increased amounts of biomass burning material and nitrate compared to aerosol found near the surface. In addition, while there was a great deal of spatial and day-to-day variability in the aerosol chemical composition and optical properties, no systematic differences between the two columns were observed. C1 [Berg, Larry K.; Fast, Jerome D.; Chand, Duli; Comstock, Jennifer M.; Flynn, Connor J.; Hubbe, John; Kassianov, Evgueni I.; Kluzek, Celine D.; Mei, Fan; Pekour, Mikhail; Schmid, Beat; Shilling, John E.; Tomlinson, Jason M.; Wilson, Jacqueline M.; Zelenyuk, Alla; Berkowitz, Carl M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Barnard, James C.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Burton, Sharon P.; Ferrare, Richard A.; Hair, Johnathan W.; Hostetler, Chris A.; Rogers, Ray R.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Cairns, Brian] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Dunagan, Stephen; Johnson, Roy; Russell, Philip B.; Redemann, Jens] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Jefferson, Anne; Michalsky, Joseph] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Jefferson, Anne; Lantz, Kathleen; Ortega, Ivan; Volkamer, Rainer] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kollias, Pavlos; Lamer, Katia] McGill Univ, Deprt Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Mei, Fan; Sedlacek, Arthur J., III; Springston, Stephen R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Miller, Mark A.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Ortega, Ivan; Volkamer, Rainer] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Segal-Rosenheimer, Michal; Shinozuka, Yohei] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, CREST BAER, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Tyrrell, Megan] Natl Pk Serv, Wellfleet, MA USA. RP Berg, LK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Larry.Berg@pnnl.gov RI Volkamer, Rainer/B-8925-2016; Shilling, John/L-6998-2015; OI Volkamer, Rainer/0000-0002-0899-1369; Shilling, John/0000-0002-3728-0195; Mei, Fan/0000-0003-4285-2749; Cairns, Brian/0000-0002-1980-1022 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) program; U.S. DOE [DE-SC0006080]; DOE by the Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-A06-76RLO 1830]; NOAA GOES-R Cal/Val Activities within NOAA's National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service FX TCAP would not have been possible without the contributions of a large number of individuals, including the G-1 flight crew (M. Hubbell, W. Svancara, J. Hone, and E. Dukes), King Air flight crew (R. Yasky, L. Kagey, M. Wusk, D. Bowser, S. Sims, D. Riddick, and G. Slover), staff from the Cape Cod National Seashore (Superintendent G. Price, L. McKean, C. Skowron, and B. Dougan), Cape Cod National Seashore Atlantic Research and Learning Center, and the radiosonde launch team from the Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies (M. Dunn, S. Greene, C. Hudak, L. Ludwig, J. Melander, D. Minsky, K. Shorr, S. Sollog, D. Towler, E. Larson, D. Dionne, and C. Skowron). The NOAA-MFRSR measurements were supported by NOAA GOES-R Cal/Val Activities within NOAA's National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service. This research was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) and Atmospheric System Research (ASR) programs. RV acknowledges financial support from U.S. DOE award DE-SC0006080. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by DOE by the Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-A06-76RLO 1830. Data used in this manuscript are available from the ARM data archive (www.archive.arm.gov) or from the corresponding author. NR 84 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 336 EP 361 DI 10.1002/2015JD023848 PG 26 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DD3TH UT WOS:000369845300021 ER PT J AU Liu, JH Rodriguez, JM Thompson, AM Logan, JA Douglass, AR Olsen, MA Steenrod, SD Posny, F AF Liu, Junhua Rodriguez, Jose M. Thompson, Anne M. Logan, Jennifer A. Douglass, Anne R. Olsen, Mark A. Steenrod, Stephen D. Posny, Francoise TI Origins of tropospheric ozone interannual variation over Reunion: A model investigation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE tropospheric ozone interannual variation; GMI chemical transport model; stratospheric influence; surface emissions ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; SOUTHERN AFRICA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SUBTROPICAL TROPOPAUSE; SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; STRATOSPHERIC OZONE; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; INDIAN-OCEAN; 3-D MODELS AB Observations from long-term ozonesonde measurements show robust variations and trends in the evolution of ozone in the middle and upper troposphere over Reunion Island (21.1 degrees S, 55.5 degrees E) in June-August. Here we examine possible causes of the observed ozone variation at Reunion Island using hindcast simulations by the stratosphere-troposphere Global Modeling Initiative chemical transport model for 1992-2014, driven by assimilated Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications meteorological fields. Reunion Island is at the edge of the subtropical jet, a region of strong stratospheric-tropospheric exchange. Our analysis implies that the large interannual variation (IAV) of upper tropospheric ozone over Reunion is driven by the large IAV of the stratospheric influence. The IAV of the large-scale, quasi-horizontal wind patterns also contributes to the IAV of ozone in the upper troposphere. Comparison to a simulation with constant emissions indicates that increasing emissions do not lead to the maximum trend in the middle and upper troposphere over Reunion during austral winter implied by the sonde data. The effects of increasing emission over southern Africa are limited to the lower troposphere near the surface in August-September. C1 [Liu, Junhua; Steenrod, Stephen D.] Univ Space Res Assoc, GESTAR, Columbia, MD USA. [Liu, Junhua; Rodriguez, Jose M.; Thompson, Anne M.; Douglass, Anne R.; Olsen, Mark A.; Steenrod, Stephen D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Logan, Jennifer A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA USA. [Olsen, Mark A.] Morgan State Univ, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. [Posny, Francoise] Univ La Reunion, CNRS, Lab Atmosphere & Cyclones, St Denis, Reunion. RP Liu, JH (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, GESTAR, Columbia, MD USA.; Liu, JH (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. EM junhua.liu@nasa.gov RI Douglass, Anne/D-4655-2012; Thompson, Anne /C-3649-2014 OI Thompson, Anne /0000-0002-7829-0920 FU NASA's Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP) [NNH12ZDA001N]; CNRS; University of La Reunion; SHADOZ through the Upper Atmosphere Research Program of NASA; NOAA/GMD; NASA's Aura Validation FX All model output used for this article can be obtained by contacting J. Liu (e-mail: Junhua.liu@nasa.gov). I gratefully acknowledge the financial support by NASA's Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP) (grant NNH12ZDA001N). Work was performed under contract with NASA at Goddard. The sonde program at Reunion was initiated in 1991/1992 with the support of the CNRS and the University of La Reunion; after 1997, additional funding came from SHADOZ through the Upper Atmosphere Research Program of NASA (thanks to M. J. Kurylo and K. W. Jucks) with contributions from NOAA/GMD and NASA's Aura Validation. Thanks to J. L. Baray (the LaMP/OPGC, FRANCE) for sonde data from September 1992 to December 1997. Sonde data after 1998 can be obtained from SHADOZ website (http://croc.gsfc.nasa.gov/shadoz/). Thanks to J. M. Metzger (University of La Reunion) for the ongoing technical support of the sounding program. I would like to thank S. Pawson and K. Wargan for their helpful discussion on GMAO assimilated ozone products. I benefited from useful discussions with J. Ziemke. NR 76 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 521 EP 537 DI 10.1002/2015JD023981 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DD3TH UT WOS:000369845300031 ER PT J AU Hodges, RR Mahaffy, PR AF Hodges, R. Richard, Jr. Mahaffy, Paul R. TI Synodic and semiannual oscillations of argon-40 in the lunar exosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Moon; exosphere; argon-40; LADEE ID ENVIRONMENT EXPLORER MISSION; ATMOSPHERE; SPECTROMETER; HELIUM AB The neutral mass spectrometer on the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) spacecraft collected a trove of exospheric data, including a set of high-quality measurements of radiogenic Ar-40 over a period of 142days. Data synthesis studies, using well-established exosphere simulation tools, show that the LADEE argon data are consistent with an exosphere-regolith interaction that is dominated by adsorption and that the desorption process generates the Armand distribution of exit velocities. The synthesis work has uncovered an apparent semiannual oscillation of argon that is consistent with temporal sequestration in the seasonal cold traps created at the poles by the obliquity of the Moon. In addition, the LADEE data provide new insight into the pristine nature of lunar regolith, its spatially varying sorption properties, and the influence of sorption processes on the synodic oscillation of the argon exosphere. C1 [Hodges, R. Richard, Jr.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Mahaffy, Paul R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Hodges, RR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hodges@lasp.colorado.edu FU NASA [NNX14AN94G]; NASA's Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI) [NNX15AI56A] FX It is a pleasure to acknowledge helpful discussions of this topic in meetings of the LADEE science team. This research has been supported in part by NASA grant NNX14AN94G and by NASA's Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute (SSERVI) grant NNX15AI56A. LADEE data used are available from the NASA Planetary Data System. The LExS code is maintained by the lead author and available upon request. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.1002/2015GL067293 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC1YJ UT WOS:000369014100003 ER PT J AU Berger, JA Schmidt, ME Gellert, R Campbell, JL King, PL Flemming, RL Ming, DW Clark, BC Pradler, I VanBommel, SJV Minitti, ME Fairen, AG Boyd, NI Thompson, LM Perrett, GM Elliott, BE Desouza, E AF Berger, Jeff A. Schmidt, Mariek E. Gellert, Ralf Campbell, John L. King, Penelope L. Flemming, Roberta L. Ming, Douglas W. Clark, Benton C. Pradler, Irina VanBommel, Scott J. V. Minitti, Michelle E. Fairen, Alberto G. Boyd, Nicholas I. Thompson, Lucy M. Perrett, Glynis M. Elliott, Beverley E. Desouza, Elstan TI A global Mars dust composition refined by the Alpha-Particle X-ray Spectrometer in Gale Crater SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Mars dust; Mars surface S; Cl; MSL APXS; Mars soil ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES EXPERIMENTS; ROCKNEST AEOLIAN DEPOSIT; GUPIX-BASED APPROACH; PLUS-XRF SPECTRA; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SCIENCE; ROCKS; CALIBRATION; ROVER; MAHLI AB Modern Martian dust is similar in composition to the global soil unit and bulk basaltic Mars crust, but it is enriched in S and Cl. The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) on the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover analyzed air fall dust on the science observation tray (o-tray) in Gale Crater to determine dust oxide compositions. The o-tray dust has the highest concentrations of SO3 and Cl measured in Mars dust (SO3 8.3%; Cl 1.1wt%). The molar S/Cl in the dust (3.350.34) is consistent with previous studies of Martian dust and soils (S/Cl=3.70.7). Fe is also elevated similar to 25% over average Mars soils and the bulk crust. These enrichments link air fall dust with the S-, Cl-, and Fe-rich X-ray amorphous component of Gale Crater soil. Dust and soil have the same S/Cl, constraining the surface concentrations of S and Cl on a global scale. C1 [Berger, Jeff A.; Flemming, Roberta L.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON, Canada. [Schmidt, Mariek E.] Brock Univ, Dept Earth Sci, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada. [Gellert, Ralf; Campbell, John L.; King, Penelope L.; Pradler, Irina; VanBommel, Scott J. V.; Boyd, Nicholas I.; Desouza, Elstan] Univ Guelph, Guelph Waterloo Phys Inst, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [King, Penelope L.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Ming, Douglas W.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Astromat Res & Explorat Sci Directorate, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Clark, Benton C.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Minitti, Michelle E.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Fairen, Alberto G.] Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Madrid, Spain. [Fairen, Alberto G.; Perrett, Glynis M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Thompson, Lucy M.; Elliott, Beverley E.] Univ New Brunswick, Planetary & Space Sci Ctr, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Berger, JA (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON, Canada. EM jeffberger@cpsx.uwo.ca OI King, Penelope/0000-0002-8364-9168 FU CSA; NASA/JPL-Caltech; CSA MSL Participating Scientist Grant; NSERC CREATE fellowship; CSA [9F052-10-0802, 09-SCIGRA-37]; Australian Research Council [FT130101524] FX APXS data are available at the planetary data system: http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/apxs.htm. The MSL APXS is managed and financed by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), with MDA as prime contractor. Science team funding is provided by CSA and NASA/JPL-Caltech. A CSA MSL Participating Scientist Grant awarded to Schmidt supported Berger. Berger was also supported by an NSERC CREATE fellowship and two contracts from NASA/JPL-Caltech to King. King was supported by a CSA grant 9F052-10-0802 and an Australian Research Council grant FT130101524. Development by Campbell of the APX-Yield software was supported by CSA grant 09-SCIGRA-37. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 30 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1002/2015GL066675 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC1YJ UT WOS:000369014100009 ER PT J AU Nicewonger, MR Verhulst, KR Aydin, M Saltzman, ES AF Nicewonger, Melinda R. Verhulst, Kristal R. Aydin, Murat Saltzman, Eric S. TI Preindustrial atmospheric ethane levels inferred from polar ice cores: A constraint on the geologic sources of atmospheric ethane and methane SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ethane; ice cores; paleoatmosphere; trace gases; geologic; biomass burning ID FIRN AIR; NONMETHANE HYDROCARBONS; RECENT DECREASES; BUDGET; HEMISPHERE; EMISSIONS; PROPANE AB Ethane levels were measured in air extracted from Greenland and Antarctic ice cores ranging in age from 994 to 1918 Common Era (C.E.) There is good temporal overlap between the two data sets from 1600 to 1750 C.E. with ethane levels stable at 39728 parts per trillion (ppt) (2standard error (s.e.)) over Greenland and 1039ppt over Antarctica. The observed north/south interpolar ratio of ethane (3.90.1, 1 sigma) implies considerably more ethane emissions in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere, suggesting geologic ethane sources contribute significantly to the preindustrial ethane budget. Box model simulations based on these data constrain the global geologic emissions of ethane to 2.2-3.5Tgyr(-1) and biomass burning emissions to 1.2-2.5Tgyr(-1) during the preindustrial era. The results suggest biomass burning emissions likely increased since the preindustrial period. Biomass burning and geologic outgassing are also sources of atmospheric methane. The results place constraints on preindustrial methane emissions from these sources. C1 [Nicewonger, Melinda R.; Verhulst, Kristal R.; Aydin, Murat; Saltzman, Eric S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. [Verhulst, Kristal R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Nicewonger, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA. EM nicewonm@uci.edu FU National Science Foundation [PLR-1204248, PLR-1043780]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1321846]; UC Irvine Faculty Mentor Program Fellowship; NSF Independent Research and Development program FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation grants PLR-1204248 and PLR-1043780. M.R.N. was supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (DGE-1321846). K.R.V. was supported by the UC Irvine Faculty Mentor Program Fellowship during a portion of this work. E.S.S. received support from the NSF Independent Research and Development program. Data supporting the analysis and conclusion can be found in the supporting information. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 214 EP 221 DI 10.1002/2015GL066854 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC1YJ UT WOS:000369014100026 ER PT J AU Haywood, JM Jones, A Dunstone, N Milton, S Vellinga, M Bodas-Salcedo, A Hawcroft, M Kravitz, B Cole, J Watanabe, S Stephens, G AF Haywood, Jim M. Jones, Andy Dunstone, Nick Milton, Sean Vellinga, Michael Bodas-Salcedo, Alejandro Hawcroft, Matt Kravitz, Ben Cole, Jason Watanabe, Shingo Stephens, Graeme TI The impact of equilibrating hemispheric albedos on tropical performance in the HadGEM2-ES coupled climate model SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE hemispheric albedo; HadGEM2-ES; tropical precipitation; hurricane frequency; couple climate models ID WEST-AFRICAN MONSOON; RADIATION BUDGET; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; RAINFALL; ATMOSPHERE; CIRCULATION; SATELLITE; SYSTEM; BIASES; SAHEL AB The Earth's hemispheric reflectances are equivalent to within0.2Wm(-2), even though the Northern Hemisphere contains a greater proportion of higher reflectance land areas, because of greater cloud cover in the Southern Hemisphere. This equivalence is unlikely to be by chance, but the reasons are open to debate. Here we show that equilibrating hemispheric albedos in the Hadley Centre Global Environment Model version 2-Earth System coupled climate model significantly improves what have been considered longstanding and apparently intractable model biases. Monsoon precipitation biases over all continental land areas, the penetration of monsoon rainfall across the Sahel, the West African monsoon jump, and indicators of hurricane frequency are all significantly improved. Mechanistically, equilibrating hemispheric albedos improves the atmospheric cross-equatorial energy transport and increases the supply of tropical atmospheric moisture to the Hadley cell. We conclude that an accurate representation of the cross-equatorial energy transport appears to be critical if tropical performance is to be improved. C1 [Haywood, Jim M.; Jones, Andy; Dunstone, Nick; Milton, Sean; Vellinga, Michael; Bodas-Salcedo, Alejandro] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England. [Haywood, Jim M.; Hawcroft, Matt] Univ Exeter, CEMPS, Exeter, Devon, England. [Kravitz, Ben] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Cole, Jason] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modeling & Anal, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Watanabe, Shingo] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Stephens, Graeme] JPL, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Haywood, JM (reprint author), Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.; Haywood, JM (reprint author), Univ Exeter, CEMPS, Exeter, Devon, England. EM jim.haywood@metoffice.gov.uk RI Watanabe, Shingo/L-9689-2014; OI Watanabe, Shingo/0000-0002-2228-0088; Cole, Jason/0000-0003-0450-2748 FU IMPALA grant via Future Climates for Africa (FCFA) - NERC [NE/M017214/1]; DFID; Joint UK DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]; Fund for Innovative Climate and Energy Research (FICER); U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX J.M.H., M.H., S.M., and M.V. were part funded by the IMPALA grant (NE/M017214/1) via Future Climates for Africa (FCFA) funding provided by NERC and DFID. J.M.H., A.J., N.D., S.M., and M.V. were supported by the Joint UK DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). B.K. is supported by the Fund for Innovative Climate and Energy Research (FICER). PNNL is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. Data availability: HadGEM2-ES is a fully coupled GCM with a heritage that is well documented. Owing to the complexities of running simulations on high-performance computing equipment, the code is not generally available. Data from the model are freely available by contacting J.M.H. directly (j.m.haywood@exeter.ac.uk). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 395 EP 403 DI 10.1002/2015GL066903 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC1YJ UT WOS:000369014100046 ER PT J AU Boggs, ASP Hamlin, HJ Nifong, JC Kassim, BL Lowers, RH Galligan, TM Long, SE Guillette, LJ AF Boggs, Ashley S. P. Hamlin, Heather J. Nifong, James C. Kassim, Brittany L. Lowers, Russell H. Galligan, Thomas M. Long, Stephen E. Guillette, Louis J., Jr. TI Urinary iodine and stable isotope analysis to examine habitat influences on thyroid hormones among coastal dwelling American alligators SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE American alligator; Thyroid hormone; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Urinary iodine; Stable isotope analysis ID BARRIER-ISLAND POPULATION; MISSISSIPPIENSIS; RATES; CYCLE; HYPERTHYROIDISM; TEMPERATURE; ECOSYSTEM; REPTILIA; PREDATOR; ESTUARY AB The American alligator, generally a freshwater species, is known to forage in marine environments despite the lack of a salt secreting gland found in other crocodylids. Estuarine and marine foraging could lead to increased dietary uptake of iodine, a nutrient necessary for the production of thyroid hormones. To explore the influence of dietary iodine on thyroid hormone health of coastal dwelling alligators, we described the seasonal plasma thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations measured by radioimmunoassay and urinary iodine (UI) concentrations measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We also analyzed long-term dietary patterns through stable isotope analysis of scute tissue. Snout-to-vent length (SVL) was a significant factor among UI and stable isotope analyses. Large adult males greater than 135 cm SVL had the highest UI concentrations but did not display seasonality of thyroid hormones. Alligators under 135 SVL exhibited seasonality in thyroid hormones and a positive relationship between UI and triiodothyronine concentrations. Isotopic signatures provided supporting evidence that large males predominantly feed on marine/estuarine prey whereas females showed reliance on freshwater/terrestrial prey supplemented by marine/estuarine prey. UI measurement provided immediate information that correlated to thyroid hormone concentrations whereas stable isotope analysis described long-term dietary patterns. Both techniques demonstrate that adult alligators in coastal environments are utilizing estuarine/marine habitats, which could alter thyroid hormone physiology. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Boggs, Ashley S. P.; Kassim, Brittany L.; Long, Stephen E.] NIST, Environm Chem Sci, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Boggs, Ashley S. P.; Kassim, Brittany L.; Galligan, Thomas M.; Long, Stephen E.; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Hamlin, Heather J.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 316 Murray Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Nifong, James C.] Univ Florida, Fisheries & Aquat Sci, NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Lowers, Russell H.] NASA, InoMed Hlth Applicat Inc, SR 405, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. [Galligan, Thomas M.; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. RP Boggs, ASP (reprint author), NIST, Environm Chem Sci, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM ashley.boggs@nist.gov FU National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship; Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA10NOS4200022]; CoEE Center for Marine Genomics; NIST; NASA; National Ocean Service FX We extend our thanks to the staff at InnoMedic Health Applications at KSC and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission for assistance in collection of the samples. We also thank the National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship (ASPB) as well as the Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (JCN), National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (award #NA10NOS4200022; JCN), CoEE Center for Marine Genomics (LJG) and grants from NIST (LJG) and NASA (LJG) for funding this project in part. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 226 BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.12.006 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DE2PE UT WOS:000370468400002 PM 26684734 ER PT J AU Boberg, PR Smart, DF Shea, MA Tylka, AJ AF Boberg, P. R. Smart, D. F. Shea, M. A. Tylka, A. J. TI Comparisons of geomagnetic transmission measurements with modified Tsyganenko 1989 model calculations for the October 1989 Solar Energetic Particle events SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Geomagnetic cutoff rigidities; Cutoff latitudes; Magnetic fields; Space radiation; Space weather; Solar particles ID CUTOFF RIGIDITY MODEL; DAWN-DUSK ASYMMETRY; GROUND-LEVEL EVENTS; IONIC CHARGE; SPACE WEATHER; PROTON ACCESS; FIELD; MAGNETOSPHERE; REVISION; ENERGIES AB We have determined eight-second averaged geomagnetic transmissions of 36-80 MeV protons for the large Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events and geomagnetic activity level variations of October 1989 using measurements from the NOAA-10 and GOES-7 satellites. We have compared the geomagnetic transmission measurements with model calculations employing trajectory tracings through the combined International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) and Kp/Dst modified 1989 Tsyganenko model. We present threshold geomagnetic transmission geographic latitudes and magnetic latitudes, as well as (a) differences between the measured and calculated threshold geographic latitudes and magnetic latitudes and (b) differences between measured and calculated polar pass durations. We find that for less disturbed geomagnetic activity levels, the measured threshold geomagnetic transmission geographic and magnetic latitudes are typically about 1-1.5 degrees equatorward of the calculated geographic and magnetic latitudes, while for larger geomagnetic activity levels, the measured geographic and magnetic latitudes can be about 1.5 degrees poleward of the calculated geographic and magnetic latitudes. For the eight Kp bins, we also compare the mean measured magnetic latitudes as a function of mean Dst with the mean calculated magnetic latitudes, interpolated to the mean measured Dst values. These comparisons of mean magnetic latitudes illustrate the improvement in the accuracy of the model calculations resulting from employing the actual mean measured Dst values. (C) 2015 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Smart, D. F.; Shea, M. A.] 100 Tennyson Ave, Nashua, NH 03062 USA. [Tylka, A. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 672, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Boberg, PR (reprint author), 27338 Brighton Lane, Valencia, CA 91354 USA. EM pboberg@att.net; sssrc@msn.com; sssrc@msn.com; allantylka@yahoo.com FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); NASA LWS DATM program [DPR W19,990] FX We thank D. Evans, S. Greer, R. Zwickl, and the National Geophysical Data Center for providing the NOAA-10 and GOES-7 data. The NOAA-10 orbital elements were provided by the Space Analysis and Data Branch of the US Space Command. We also thank Bill Dietrich for providing the IMP-8 sectored proton fluxes. This work was funded, in part, by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the NASA LWS DATM program under DPR W19,990. The trajectory tracings employed in this work were calculated using the DOD's Maui High Performance Computer Center (MHPCC). The authors also thank the referees for helpful comments. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 EI 1879-1948 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 57 IS 2 BP 681 EP 700 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2015.10.027 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DC4TR UT WOS:000369213700013 ER PT J AU Smialek, JL Harder, BJ Garg, A AF Smialek, James L. Harder, Bryan J. Garg, Anita TI Oxidative durability of TBCs on Ti2AlC MAX phase substrates SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MAX phases; Thermal barrier coatings; Oxidation; Spallation; Alumna scales ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; GROWTH MECHANISMS; ALUMINA SCALES; BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; CERAMICS; SYSTEMS; VAPOR; ZIRCONIA AB Air plasma spray (APS) and plasma-spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coatings (TBC), similar to 80-100 mu m thick, were produced on a commercial Ti2AlC MAX phase compound. They were oxidized in interrupted furnace tests for 500 h each, at five successive temperatures from 1100 degrees-1300 degrees C. The APS coating survived 2400 accumulated hours, failing catastrophically after 500 h at 1300 degrees C Porosity, large cracks, sintering, and high monoclinic YSZ phase contents were seen as primary degradation factors. The PS-PVD coating remained completely intact over 2500 total hours (65 cycles) including 500 h at 1300 degrees C, exhibiting only fine porosity and microcracking, with less monoclinic. These Ti2AlC systems achieved a minimum alpha-Al2O3 scale thickness of 29 and 35 mu m, respectively, as compared to similar to 6 +/- 2 mu m on average at failure for conventional bond coats on superalloys. Accordingly, times predicted from thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of oxidation kinetics project an improvement factor of similar to 25-50x for the time to achieve these scale thicknesses at a given temperature. Extreme oxidative TBC durability is achieved because the thermal expansion coefficient of Ti2AlC is only slightly different than those for alpha-Al2O3 and YSZ. The strain energy term driving scale and TBC failure is therefore believed to be fundamentally diminished from the large compressive stress produced by higher expansion superalloys. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Smialek, James L.; Harder, Bryan J.; Garg, Anita] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Smialek, JL (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM James.L.Smialek@nasa.gov OI Smialek, James/0000-0003-4310-5569 FU NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program FX The authors are grateful to D.L. Humphrey for TGA tests, Dereck Johnson for CTE measurements, and to J.A. Buehler for metallographic preparations. This work was funded by the NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 285 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.11.018 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA DC4OQ UT WOS:000369200600009 ER PT J AU Malavergne, V Charon, E Jones, J Cordier, P Righter, K Deldicque, D Hennet, L AF Malavergne, V. Charon, E. Jones, J. Cordier, P. Righter, K. Deldicque, D. Hennet, L. TI The formation of nuggets of highly siderophile elements in quenched silicate melts at high temperatures: Before or during the silicate quench? SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Platinum Group Elements; silicate melt; oxygen fugacity; high temperature experiments; high pressure experiments; quench textures ID CORE FORMATION; HIGH-PRESSURES; EARTHS MANTLE; EXPERIMENTAL CONSTRAINTS; PARTITIONING EXPERIMENTS; REDUCING CONDITIONS; OXYGEN FUGACITY; SOLUBILITY; METAL; PLATINUM AB The Highly Siderophile Elements (HSE) are powerful tracers of planetary differentiation. Despite the importance of their partitioning between silicate and metal for the understanding of planetary core formation, especially for the Earth and Mars, there is still a huge discrepancy between conclusions based on different high temperature (HT) experimental studies. These disagreements may be due to the presence of HSE micro and nanonuggets in HT experiments. The formation of these nuggets is still interpreted in different ways. One hypothesis is that these HSE nuggets formed during the quench of the silicate melt, while another hypothesis supposes that these nuggets formed before the quench and represented artefacts of HT experiments. The goal of this work is to clarify whether the presence of HSE nuggets in silicate melts is linked to a quench effect or not. Understanding the formation of these HSE nuggets represents thus a necessary step towards the resolution of the Earth's core formation scenarios. We performed new HT experiments (1275-2000 degrees C) at different oxygen fugacities (fO(2)), between ambient air up to similar to 5 log units below the Iron-Wustite buffer [IW-5], for two different silicate compositions (synthetic martian and terrestrial basalts) mixed with a metallic mixture of Pt-Au-Pd-Ru. Our 1275-1600 degrees C experiments were contained in either olivine, diopside or graphite crucible; experiments at 2000 degrees C were performed using a levitation method, so no capsule was necessary. Our samples contained quenched silicate melts, minerals (olivine, pyroxene, spinel depending on the run), a two-phase metallic bead and nano and micro-nuggets of HSE. Our samples underwent fine textural, structural and analytical characterizations. The distribution of the nuggets was not homogeneous throughout the quenched silicate melt. HSE nuggets were present within crystals. Dendritic textures from the quenched silicate melt formed around HSE nuggets, which could be crystallized, showing that the nuggets acted as nucleation sites during the quench. Thus they predated the quench. Finally, these nuggets also had strong heterogeneities suggesting at least a two-stage formation process under reducing conditions. Consequently, our observations clearly show that these HSE nuggets formed before the quench in the silicate melt. Our results agreed with previous studies, which concluded that HSE abundances in the Earth's mantle require the late accretion of chondritic material subsequent to core formation. However, the effects of metallic Si, O, H, or the effect of pressure on the HSE partitioning are still not fully understood. Further work to constrain these effects is to be encouraged to understand the Earth's core formation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Malavergne, V.] Univ Paris Est Marne La Vallee, Lab Geomat & Environm, F-77454 Champs Sur Marne, France. [Charon, E.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRAMIS NIMBE LEDNE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Jones, J.; Righter, K.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Cordier, P.] Univ Lille 1, Unite Mat & Transformat, UMR CNRS 8207, Bat C6, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France. [Deldicque, D.] Ecole Normale Super, Geol Lab, 24 Rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France. [Hennet, L.] CNRS, UPR 3079, 1d Ave Rech Sci, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. [Hennet, L.] Univ Orleans, Condit Extremes & Mat Haute Temp & Irradiat, 1d Ave Rech Sci, F-45071 Orleans 2, France. RP Malavergne, V (reprint author), Univ Paris Est Marne La Vallee, Lab Geomat & Environm, F-77454 Champs Sur Marne, France. EM Valerie.Malavergne@u-pem.fr RI HENNET, Louis/C-1711-2008; Cordier, Patrick/D-2357-2012 OI HENNET, Louis/0000-0002-2992-4800; Cordier, Patrick/0000-0002-1883-2994 FU Programme National de Planetologie of the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU); Lunar and Planetary Institute; NASA Johnson Space Center (Houston, TX, USA); Conseil Regional du Nord-Pas de Calais; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) FX The Programme National de Planetologie of the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU), the Lunar and Planetary Institute and the NASA Johnson Space Center (Houston, TX, USA) funded this work. The TEM national facility in Lille (France) is supported by the Conseil Regional du Nord-Pas de Calais, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique). The manuscript benefited from detailed reviews by W. Ertel, N. Bennett, and comments by the editor (T. Mather), as well as fruitful discussions with H. Leroux. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 434 BP 197 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.037 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DB9XH UT WOS:000368870500019 ER PT J AU Prisby, RD Alwood, JS Behnke, BJ Stabley, JN McCullough, DJ Ghosh, P Globus, RK Delp, MD AF Prisby, Rhonda D. Alwood, Joshua S. Behnke, Brad J. Stabley, John N. McCullough, Danielle J. Ghosh, Payal Globus, Ruth K. Delp, Michael D. TI Effects of hindlimb unloading and ionizing radiation on skeletal muscle resistance artery vasodilation and its relation to cancellous bone in mice SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE radiation; spaceflight; endothelium-dependent vasodilation; microgravity; bone remodeling ID ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT VASODILATION; SHORT-DURATION SPACEFLIGHT; NITRIC-OXIDE; SPACE-FLIGHT; BLOOD-FLOW; SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY; RAT AORTA; ORTHOSTATIC INTOLERANCE; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISUSE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN AB Spaceflight has profound effects on vascular function as a result of weightlessness that may be further compounded by radiation exposure. The purpose of the present study was to assess the individual and combined effects of hindlimb unloading (HU) and radiation (Rad) on vasodilator responses in the skeletal muscle vasculature. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to one of four groups: control (Con), HU (tail suspension for 15 days), Rad (200 cGy of Cs-137), and HU-Rad (15-day tail suspension and 200 cGy of Cs-137). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation of gastrocnemius feed arteries was assessed in vitro using acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-9)-10(-4) M) and inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX). Endotheliumin-dependent vasodilation was assessed using Dea-NONOate (10(-9)-10(-4) M). Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilator responses were impaired relative to Con responses in all treatment groups; however, there was no further impairment from the combination of treatments (HU-Rad) relative to that in the HU and Rad groups. The NOS-mediated contribution to endothelium-dependent vasodilation was depressed with HU and Rad. This impairment in NOS signaling may have been partially compensated for by an enhancement of PGI(2)-mediated dilation. Changes in endothelium-dependent vasodilation were also associated with decrements in trabecular bone volume in the proximal tibia metaphysis. These data demonstrate that the simulated space environment (i.e., radiation exposure and unloading of muscle and bone) significantly impairs skeletal muscle artery vasodilation, mediated through endothelium-dependent reductions in NOS signaling and decrements in vascular smooth muscle cell responsiveness to NO. C1 [Prisby, Rhonda D.] Univ Delaware, Dept Kinesiol & Appl Physiol, Newark, DE USA. [Alwood, Joshua S.; Globus, Ruth K.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Biosci Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Behnke, Brad J.; Stabley, John N.; McCullough, Danielle J.; Ghosh, Payal; Delp, Michael D.] Univ Florida, Dept Appl Physiol & Kinesiol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Behnke, Brad J.; Stabley, John N.; McCullough, Danielle J.; Ghosh, Payal; Delp, Michael D.] Univ Florida, Ctr Exercise Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Behnke, Brad J.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Behnke, Brad J.] Kansas State Univ, Johnson Canc Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Ghosh, Payal; Delp, Michael D.] Florida State Univ, Dept Nutr Food & Exercise Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Delp, MD (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Coll Human Sci, 242 Sandels Bldg,120 Convocat Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM mdelp@fsu.edu OI /0000-0002-1825-7846 FU National Space and Biomedical Research Institute [MA02501]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Biology [NNX12AL41G, NNX14AQ57G]; NASA Postdoctoral Program; American Cancer Society [RSG-14-150-01-CCE] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Space and Biomedical Research Institute (MA02501), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Biology (NNX12AL41G and NNX14AQ57G), the NASA Postdoctoral Program, and the American Cancer Society (RSG-14-150-01-CCE). NR 89 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 EI 1522-1601 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 120 IS 2 BP 97 EP 106 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00423.2015 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA DC2ML UT WOS:000369050700001 PM 26472865 ER PT J AU Colaprete, A Sarantos, M Wooden, DH Stubbs, TJ Cook, AM Shirley, M AF Colaprete, A. Sarantos, M. Wooden, D. H. Stubbs, T. J. Cook, A. M. Shirley, M. TI How surface composition and meteoroid impacts mediate sodium and potassium in the lunar exosphere SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ORBITER SELENE KAGUYA; ATMOSPHERE; MOON; SHOWER; DISCOVERY AB Despite being trace constituents of the lunar exosphere, sodium and potassium are the most readily observed species due to their bright line emission. Measurements of these species by the Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer (UVS) on the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) have revealed unambiguous temporal and spatial variations indicative of a strong role for meteoroid bombardment and surface composition in determining the composition and local time dependence of the Moon's exosphere. Observations show distinct lunar day (monthly) cycles for both species as well as an annual cycle for sodium. The first continuous measurements for potassium show a more repeatable variation across lunations and an enhancement over KREEP (Potassium Rare Earth Elements and Phosphorus) surface regions, revealing a strong dependence on surface composition. C1 [Colaprete, A.; Wooden, D. H.; Cook, A. M.; Shirley, M.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci Div, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. [Sarantos, M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Heliophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Sarantos, M.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Stubbs, T. J.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Solar Syst Explorat Div, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Cook, A. M.] Millennium Engn & Integrat Serv, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Colaprete, A (reprint author), NASA Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci Div, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. EM anthony.colaprete-1@nasa.gov RI Stubbs, Timothy/I-5139-2013 OI Stubbs, Timothy/0000-0002-5524-645X FU NASA Lunar Quest Program; NASA [NNX14AG14A, NNX13AP94G, NNX13AO74G] FX We thank R. Killen for constructive discussions and the three reviewers who helped to greatly improve this paper. LADEE UVS was supported through the NASA Lunar Quest Program. Additional funding for M.S. was through NASA grants NNX14AG14A, NNX13AP94G, and NNX13AO74G. All LADEE UVS data are available online at the NASA Planetary Data System (PDS), including all raw and calibrated spectra and derived sodium and potassium line strengths. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 351 IS 6270 BP 249 EP 252 DI 10.1126/science.aad2380 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA9AM UT WOS:000368098600034 PM 26678876 ER PT J AU Peretyazhko, TS Sutter, B Morris, RV Agresti, DG Le, L Ming, DW AF Peretyazhko, T. S. Sutter, B. Morris, R. V. Agresti, D. G. Le, L. Ming, D. W. TI Fe/Mg smectite formation under acidic conditions on early Mars SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID CLAY MINERAL FORMATION; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; CLIMATE HISTORY; YELLOWKNIFE BAY; IMPACT CRATERS; GALE CRATER; PHYLLOSILICATES; WATER; CARBONATE AB Phyllosilicates of the smectite group detected in Noachian and early Hesperian terrains on Mars have been hypothesized to form under neutral to alkaline conditions. These pH conditions would also be favorable for formation of widespread carbonate deposits which have not been detected on Mars. We propose that smectite deposits on Mars formed under moderately acidic conditions inhibiting carbonate formation. We report here the first synthesis of Fe/Mg smectite in an acidic hydrothermal system [200 degrees C, pH(RT) similar to 4 (pH measured at room temperature) buffered with acetic acid] from Mars-analogue, glass-rich, basalt simulant with and without aqueous Mg or Fe(II) addition under N-2-purged anoxic and ambient oxic redox conditions. Synthesized Fe/Mg smectite was examined by X-ray-diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy, visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe to characterize mineralogy, morphology and chemical composition. Alteration of the glass phase of basalt simulant resulted in formation of the Fe/Mg smectite mineral saponite with some mineralogical and chemical properties similar to the properties reported for Fe/Mg smectite on Mars. Our experiments are evidence that neutral to alkaline conditions on early Mars are not necessary for Fe/Mg smectite formation as previously inferred. Phyllosilicate minerals could instead have formed under mildly acidic pH conditions. Volcanic SO2 emanation and sulfuric acid formation is proposed as the major source of acidity for the alteration of basaltic materials and subsequent formation of Fe/Mg smectite. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Peretyazhko, T. S.; Sutter, B.; Le, L.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Jacobs, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Morris, R. V.; Ming, D. W.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Agresti, D. G.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Peretyazhko, TS (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Jacobs, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM tanya.peretyazhko@nasa.gov FU NASA's Mars Fundamental Research Program [11-MFRP11-0090] FX We are grateful to Z. Peng for performing ICP-MS analysis and E. Berger and K. Ross for their help with SEM analysis. We thank Dr. Fairen and three anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions and comments that help to improve the quality of the manuscript. We thank the Associate Editor Dr. Humayun for handling the manuscript. This work was supported by NASA's Mars Fundamental Research Program Grant # 11-MFRP11-0090. NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 173 BP 37 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.012 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DA1AQ UT WOS:000367529100002 ER PT J AU Vander Kaaden, KE McCubbin, FM AF Vander Kaaden, Kathleen E. McCubbin, Francis M. TI The origin of boninites on Mercury: An experimental study of the northern volcanic plains lavas SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SULFIDE SATURATION SCSS; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; SILICATE MELTS; CORE FORMATION; HIGH-PRESSURE; IGNEOUS ROCKS; MAGMA OCEAN; CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION; PLANETS FORMATION; OXYGEN FUGACITY AB Phase equilibrium experiments were conducted on a synthetic rock composition matching that of the northern volcanic plains of Mercury as measured by the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging spacecraft (MESSENGER). The northern volcanic plains are smooth plains of suspected volcanic origin that cover more than 6% of the surface area of Mercury. The northern volcanic plains are less cratered than their surroundings and reported to be the product of flood volcanism, making them a prime candidate for experimental study. The bulk composition of the northern volcanic plains is that of an alkali-rich boninite and represents the first silica-enriched crustal terrane identified on an extraterrestrial planet from orbital data. Phase equilibrium experiments were conducted over the pressure range of the mercurian mantle (0.5-5 GPa) at very low oxygen fugacity (similar to Delta IW0 to -7) using a piston-cylinder apparatus (P 0.5-1.7 GPa) and a Walker-style multi-anvil device (P >= 2.5 GPa). Our results indicate the origin of the northern volcanic plains lavas (boninites) are best explained by high degrees of partial melting of an olivine-dominant, pyroxene-and plagioclase-bearing mantle source at low pressure (<= 1.4 GPa) and does not require hydrous melting to achieve the silica-enriched melt composition. The formation mechanism for boninites on Mercury contrasts substantially with terrestrial boninites, which typically occur in oxidized and hydrous arc environments associated with subduction zones. Instead, mercurian boninites form at exceptionally low oxygen fugacity and do not require melting of hydrated source materials. The NVP lavas represent a novel mechanism by which planetary bodies can form silica-enriched secondary crusts without the aid of water. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vander Kaaden, Kathleen E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Vander Kaaden, KE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM kvander@unm.edu FU NASA Cosmochemistry Grant [NNX14AK43G]; New Mexico Space Grant Consortium Fellowship; NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX1 5AQ80H] FX Data reported in this paper including EPMA analyses of experimental charges are available in the Supporting Materials. The authors would like to thank Whitney McCutcheon for assisting in FTIR analyses and Alison Santos for helpful discussions and assisting in Multi-Anvil runs. We also thank the MESSENGER Science Team, with special thanks to the MESSENGER Geochemistry Discipline Group, for fruitful discussions regarding the interpretation of MESSENGER data. The authors also thank Rachel Klima for providing an estimate for the number of UV-VIS spectra collected by the MESSENGER spacecraft. We are appreciative of comments from Michael Toplis (A.E.), as well as reviewers Nancy Chabot, Karen Stockstill-Cahill, and an anonymous reviewer which helped to improve this manuscript. This work was funded by a NASA Cosmochemistry Grant NNX14AK43G to F.M.M. This work was also supported by a New Mexico Space Grant Consortium Fellowship and by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-Grant NNX1 5AQ80H both awarded to K.E.V.K. NR 113 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 173 BP 246 EP 263 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.016 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DA1AQ UT WOS:000367529100015 ER PT J AU Fagan, AL Neal, CR AF Fagan, A. L. Neal, C. R. TI A new lunar high-Ti basalt type defined from clasts in Apollo 16 breccia 60639 SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; MARE BASALTS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; DISTRIBUTION CSD; PETROGENESIS; MOON; CRYSTALLIZATION; COMPILATION; PLAGIOCLASE; PETROGRAPHY AB This paper reports the detailed examination of three basalt clasts from Apollo 16 breccia 60639 that represent a new variant of high-Ti basalt returned from the Moon by the Apollo 16 mission. Mineral chemistry and whole-rock analyses were conducted on aliquots from three clasts (breccia matrix, basalt, and basalt + breccia matrix). The basalt clasts, which are not overtly porphyritic, contain compositionally zoned pyroxene, olivine, and plagioclase crystals that represent the evolution of the magma during crystallization; ilmenite does not exhibit major-element compositional zoning within individual crystals. Mineral compositions are distinct between the basalt and breccia matrix lithologies. In addition, whole-rock analyses identify clear compositional differences between the basalt and breccia matrix lithologies in both major and trace element concentrations. The composition of the mixed lithology aliquots (i.e., basalt + breccia matrix) do not indicate simple two component mixing (i.e., compositions are not intermediate to the basalt and breccia end-members); this apparent incongruity can be accounted for by adding similar to 19-40% plagioclase to an amalgamation of the average basalt and individual breccia clast compositions via impact mixing. Whole-rock analyses are consistent with previous analyses of one 60639 basalt clast, which were interpreted to indicate chemical similarity with Apollo 11 and 17 basalts. However, both major and trace elements suggest that the 60639 basalt clasts examined here have compositions that are distinct from Apollo 11 and 17 high-Ti basalts. Although the 60639 basalt clasts have similar characteristics to a variety of previously identified basalt types, the more extensive whole-rock analyses reported here indicate that they represent a type of Apollo high-Ti basalt heretofore unrecognized in the Apollo and lunar meteorite collections. By placing these new analyses in the context of other mare basalt compositions, a petrogenetic model for the basalts found in breccia 60639 is presented. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fagan, A. L.; Neal, C. R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Fagan, A. L.; Neal, C. R.] NASA, Lunar Sci Inst, Laurel, MD USA. [Fagan, A. L.] Western Carolina Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Geosci & Nat Resources Dept, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. RP Fagan, AL (reprint author), Western Carolina Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Geosci & Nat Resources Dept, 331 Stillwell Bldg, Cullowhee, NC 28723 USA. EM alfagan@wcu.edu FU NASA Lunar Science Institute [NNA09DB33A, 02713-05] FX This work was partially supported by NASA Lunar Science Institute contract NNA09DB33A (PI David A. Kring) and subcontract 02713-05 to C.R.N. Many thanks are due to Paul Carpenter for assistance with the EPMA at Washington University in St. Louis and to Jon Loftus for assistance with the ICP-OES chemical analyses at the Center for Environmental Science and Technology (CEST) at the University of Notre Dame. This research owes incomparable gratitude to Dr. Antonio Simonetti for guidance and unending patience with the use of the ICP-MS facilities at MITERAC, University of Notre Dame. We also thank Dr. Brad Jolliff and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive reviews, which helped to improve the manuscript. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 173 BP 352 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.007 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DA1AQ UT WOS:000367529100021 ER PT J AU Gerhold, CH Brown, MC Jones, MG Howerton, BM AF Gerhold, Carl H. Brown, Martha C. Jones, Michael G. Howerton, Brian M. TI Analysis of liner performance using the NASA Langley Research Center Curved Duct Test Rig SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE Acoustics; Noise control; Signal analysis; Duct noise; Duct acoustic liner; Acoustic modeshape ID SOUND; FLOW; PROPAGATION AB The NASA Langley Research Center Curved Duct Test Rig (CDTR) is designed to test aircraft engine nacelle liner samples in an environment approximating that of the engine on a scale that approaches the full scale dimensions of the aft bypass duct. The modal content of the sound in the duct can be determined and the modal content of the sound incident on the liner test section can be controlled. The effect allow speed, up to Mach 0.5 in the test section, can be investigated. The results reported in this paper come from a study to evaluate the effect of duct configuration on the acoustic performance of single degree of freedom (SDOF) perforate-over-honeycomb liners. Variations of duct configuration include: asymmetric (liner on one side and hard wall opposite) and symmetric (liner on both sides) wall treatment; inlet and exhaust orientation, in which the sound propagates either against or with the flow; and straight and curved (outlet is offset from the inlet by one duct width) flow path. The effect that duct configuration has on the overall acoustic performance is quantified. The redistribution of incident mode content is shown, in particular the mode scatter effect that liner symmetry has on symmetric and asymmetric incident mode shapes. The Curved Duct Test Rig is shown to be a valuable tool for the evaluation of acoustic liner concepts. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gerhold, Carl H.; Brown, Martha C.; Jones, Michael G.; Howerton, Brian M.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Gerhold, CH (reprint author), Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. EM carl.h.gerhold@nasa.gov FU NASA's Fixed Wing Project of the Fundamental Aeronautics Program FX The authors are grateful for contributions made to the successful completion of this project by the laboratory technician staff and in particular Christal Kellam of NASA LaRC for experiment set-up and data collection. NASA's Fixed Wing Project of the Fundamental Aeronautics Program funded this work. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X EI 1872-910X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 102 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2015.07.006 PG 14 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA CV9LO UT WOS:000364608900003 ER PT J AU Cohen, WB Yang, ZQ Stehman, SV Schroeder, TA Bell, DM Masek, JG Huang, CQ Meigs, GW AF Cohen, Warren B. Yang, Zhiqiang Stehman, Stephen V. Schroeder, Todd A. Bell, David M. Masek, Jeffrey G. Huang, Chengquan Meigs, Garrett W. TI Forest disturbance across the conterminous United States from 1985-2012: The emerging dominance of forest decline SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat time series; Forest disturbance estimation; Forest decline; TimeSync; Remote sensing; Probability sampling ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; LANDSAT TIME-SERIES; SOUTHERN ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; TREE MORTALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; DETECTING TRENDS; BARK BEETLE; DROUGHT AB Evidence of shifting dominance among major forest disturbance agent classes regionally to globally has been emerging in the literature. For example, climate-related stress and secondary stressors on forests (e.g., insect and disease, fire) have dramatically increased since the turn of the century globally, while harvest rates in the western US and elsewhere have declined. For shifts to be quantified, accurate historical forest disturbance estimates are required as a baseline for examining current trends. We report annual disturbance rates (with uncertainties) in the aggregate and by major change causal agent class for the conterminous US and five geographic subregions between 1985 and 2012. Results are based on human interpretations of Landsat time series from a probability sample of 7200 plots (30 m) distributed throughout the study area. Forest disturbance information was recorded with a Landsat time series visualization and data collection tool that incorporates ancillary high-resolution data. National rates of disturbance varied between 1.5% and 4.5% of forest area per year, with trends being strongly affected by shifting dominance among specific disturbance agent influences at the regional scale. Throughout the time series, national harvest disturbance rates varied between one and two percent, and were largely a function of harvest in the more heavily forested regions of the US (Mountain West, Northeast, and Southeast). During the first part of the time series, national disturbance rates largely reflected trends in harvest disturbance. Beginning in the mid-90s, forest decline-related disturbances associated with diminishing forest health (e.g., physiological stress leading to tree canopy cover loss, increases in tree mortality above background levels), especially in the Mountain West and Lowland West regions of the US, increased dramatically. Consequently, national disturbance rates greatly increased by 2000, and remained high for much of the decade. Decline-related disturbance rates reached as high as 8% per year in the western regions during the early-2000s. Although low compared to harvest and decline, fire disturbance rates also increased in the early- to mid-2000s. We segmented annual decline-related disturbance rates to distinguish between newly impacted areas and areas undergoing gradual but consistent decline over multiple years. We also translated Landsat reflectance change into tree canopy cover change information for greater relevance to ecosystem modelers and forest managers, who can derive better understanding of forest-climate interactions and better adapt management strategies to changing climate regimes. Similar studies could be carried out for other countries where there are sufficient Landsat data and historic temporal snapshots of high-resolution imagery. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Cohen, Warren B.; Bell, David M.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Yang, Zhiqiang] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stehman, Stephen V.] SUNY Syracuse, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Schroeder, Todd A.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meigs, Garrett W.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Cohen, WB (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM wcohen@fs.fed.us; zhiqiang.yang@oregonstate.edu; systehma@syr.edu; tschroeder@usgs.gov; dmbell@fs.fed.us; jeffery.g.masek@nasa.gov; cqhuang@umd.edu; gmeigs@gmail.com RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012 FU Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Focus Area [NNH11AR29I]; USFS Forest Inventory & Analysis Program; Region 6 Effectiveness Monitoring Program; NASA's Terrestrial Ecology Program FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of our TimeSync interpretation team including Alissa Moses, Peder Nelson, Eric Pfaff, Erik Haunreiter, Katie Blauvelt, Katie Brown, and Susmita Sen (who also helped with the TSA cluster stratification). This research was supported by NASA's Terrestrial Ecology Program and Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Focus Area to Warren Cohen (NNH11AR29I), and by the USFS Forest Inventory & Analysis Program and Region 6 Effectiveness Monitoring Program. We also acknowledge the helpful suggestions of the anonymous reviewers. NR 69 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 13 U2 69 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 360 BP 242 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.10.042 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA CZ5BO UT WOS:000367117400023 ER PT J AU Bates, CM Chang, AB Schulze, MW Momcilovic, N Jones, SC Grubbs, RH AF Bates, Christopher M. Chang, Alice B. Schulze, Morgan W. Momcilovic, Nebojsa Jones, Simon C. Grubbs, Robert H. TI Brush Polymer Ion Gels SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE block polymer; brush polymer; ion gel; ionic liquid; scattering ID HARD-SPHERE INTERACTIONS; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; BOTTLEBRUSH POLYMERS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; MATERIALS DESIGN; LOW-VOLTAGE; ELECTROLYTES; CONDUCTIVITY; LIQUIDS AB The structure, rheological response, and ionic conductivity of ABA brush block copolymer (BBCP) ion gels containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([BMI][TFSI]) at polymer concentrations spanning 5-50 wt % (Phi(gel)) were studied by small angle X-ray scattering, dynamic mechanical analysis, and AC impedance spectroscopy. Application of a hard sphere form factor and Percus-Yevick structure factor reveals trends in gel micellar structure as a function of BBCP molecular weight, A block volume fraction (Phi(A)), and Phi(gel). Viscoelastic properties are strongly dependent on end-block molar mass, with storage moduli <= 10(3) Pa at 25 degrees C. Impedance measurements reveal near liquid-like dynamics in the matrix phase as evidenced by conductivities near 1 mS/cm at 25 degrees C that decrease with increasing Phi(gel) and Phi(A). (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bates, Christopher M.; Chang, Alice B.; Momcilovic, Nebojsa; Grubbs, Robert H.] CALTECH, Arnold & Mabel Beckman Labs Chem Synth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Schulze, Morgan W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Jones, Simon C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Electrochem Technol Grp, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Grubbs, RH (reprint author), CALTECH, Arnold & Mabel Beckman Labs Chem Synth, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM simon.c.jones@jpl.nasa.gov; rhg@caltech.edu FU Dreyfus Foundation [EP-13-142]; U.S. Department of Defense through the NDSEG fellowship; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank Prof. Julia Kornfield for rheometer access. C.M.B. thanks the Dreyfus Foundation for Environmental Postdoc Fellowship EP-13-142. A.B.C. thanks the U.S. Department of Defense for support through the NDSEG fellowship. M.W.S. thanks Prof. Marc A. Hillmyer for support. Portions of this work were performed at the Advanced Photon Source Sector 12 Beamline. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 EI 1099-0488 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 54 IS 2 SI SI BP 292 EP 300 DI 10.1002/polb.23927 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA CY6IJ UT WOS:000366512200021 ER PT J AU Kaluna, HM Masiero, JR Meech, K AF Kaluna, H. M. Masiero, J. R. Meech, K. J. TI Space weathering trends among carbonaceous asteroids SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Spectroscopy; Asteroids, composition; Asteroids, surfaces ID MAIN BELT ASTEROIDS; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; ORDINARY CHONDRITE; LASER IRRADIATION; THERMAL EVOLUTION; PARENT BODIES; OUTER-BELT; NEAR-EARTH; PHASE-II; WATER AB We present visible spectroscopic and albedo data of the 2.3 Gyr old Themis family and the <10 Myr old Beagle sub-family. The slope and albedo variations between these two families indicate C-complex asteroids become redder and darker in response to space weathering. Our observations of Themis family members confirm previously observed trends where phyllosilicate absorption features are less common among small diameter objects. Similar trends in the albedos of large (>15 km) and small (<= 15 km) Themis members suggest these phyllosilicate feature and albedo trends result from regolith variations as a function of diameter. Observations of the Beagle asteroids show a small, but notable fraction of members with phyllosilicate features. The presence of phyllosilicates and the dynamical association of the main-belt comet 133P/Elst-Pizarro with the Beagle family imply the Beagle parent body was a heterogenous mixture of ice and aqueously altered minerals. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kaluna, H. M.; Meech, K. J.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Masiero, J. R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Kaluna, HM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, 1680 East West Rd,Pacific Ocean Sci & Technol POS, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM kaluna@hawaii.edu; Joseph.Masiero@jpl.nasa.gov; meech@ifa.hawaii.edu OI Masiero, Joseph/0000-0003-2638-720X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the NASA Astrobiology Institute [NNA04CC08A]; NASA [NNX07A044G]; University of Hawaii NASA Astrobiology Institute FX We would like to say mahalo nui loa to Jan Kleyna, Takashi Hattori, Bin Yang and the University of Hawaii NASA Astrobiology Institute for their help and support of this work. This work is based upon data collected at Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Image processing in this paper has been performed using the IRAF software. IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatories, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the NASA Astrobiology Institute under Cooperative Agreement No. NNA04CC08A issued through the Office of Space Science, by NASA Grant No. NNX07A044G. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 62 EP 71 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.09.007 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300006 ER PT J AU Irwin, PGJ Fletcher, LN Read, PL Tice, D de Pater, I Orton, GS Teanby, NA Davis, GR AF Irwin, P. G. J. Fletcher, L. N. Read, P. L. Tice, D. de Pater, I. Orton, G. S. Teanby, N. A. Davis, G. R. TI Spectral analysis of Uranus' 2014 bright storm with VLT/SINFONI SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Uranus, atmosphere; Atmospheres, structure; Atmospheres, dynamics ID INFRARED-ABSORPTION SPECTRA; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; THERMAL STRUCTURE; OUTER PLANETS; METHANE; TEMPERATURES; PAIRS; DYNAMICS; VOYAGER; SCATTERING AB An extremely bright storm system observed in Uranus' atmosphere by amateur observers in September 2014 triggered an international campaign to observe this feature with many telescopes across the world. Observations of the storm system in the near infrared were acquired in October and November 2014 with SINFONI on ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile. SINFONI is an Integral Field Unit spectrometer returning 64 x 64 pixel images with 2048 wavelengths and uses adaptive optics. Image cubes in the H-band (1.43-1.87 mu m) were obtained at spatial resolutions of similar to 0.1 '' per pixel. The observations show that the centre of the storm feature shifts markedly with increasing altitude, moving in the retrograde direction and slightly poleward with increasing altitude. We also see a faint 'tail' of more reflective material to the immediate south of the storm, which again trails in the retrograde direction. The observed spectra were analysed with the radiative transfer and retrieval code, NEMESIS (Irwin et al. [2008]. J. Quant. Spec. Radiat. Transfer, 109, 1136-1150). We find that the storm is well-modelled using either two main cloud layers of a 5-layer aerosol model based on Sromovsky et al. (Sromovsky et al. [2011]. Icarus, 215, 292-312) or by the simpler two-cloud-layer model of Tice et al. (Tice et al. [2013]. Icarus, 223, 684-698). The deep component appears to be due to a brightening (i.e. an increase in reflectivity) and increase in altitude of the main tropospheric cloud deck at 2-3 bars for both models, while the upper component of the feature was modelled as being due to either a thickening of the tropospheric haze of the 2-layer model or a vertical extension of the upper tropospheric cloud of the 5-layer model, assumed to be composed of methane ice and based at the methane condensation level of our assumed vertical temperature and abundance profile at 1.23 bar. We also found this methane ice cloud to be responsible for the faint 'tail' seen to the feature's south and the brighter polar 'hood' seen in all observations polewards of similar to 45 degrees N for the 5-layer model. During the twelve days between our sets of observations the higher-altitude component of the feature was observed to have brightened significantly and extended to even higher altitudes, while the deeper component faded. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Irwin, P. G. J.; Fletcher, L. N.; Read, P. L.; Tice, D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [de Pater, I.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Orton, G. S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Teanby, N. A.] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England. [Davis, G. R.] Jodrell Bank Observ, Sq Kilometre Array Org, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. RP Irwin, PGJ (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. EM irwin@atm.ox.ac.uk RI Fletcher, Leigh/D-6093-2011; OI Fletcher, Leigh/0000-0001-5834-9588; Teanby, Nicholas/0000-0003-3108-5775; Irwin, Patrick/0000-0002-6772-384X FU Royal Society Research Fellowship at the University of Oxford; NASA FX We are very grateful to our VLT/SINFONI support astronomer George Hau who helped us hugely in designing these observations at short notice and executing them. Leigh Fletcher was supported by a Royal Society Research Fellowship at the University of Oxford. Glenn Orton was supported by a grant from NASA to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. The VLT/SINFONI observations were performed at the European Southern Observatory (ESO), Proposal 294.C-5004, as part of the Director's Discretionary Time (DDT). We thank an anonymous referee for very detailed and thoughtful comments, which helped to considerably improve our paper. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 72 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.09.010 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300007 ER PT J AU Moore, CA Moores, JE Lemmon, MT Rafkin, SCR Francis, R Pla-Garcia, J Haberle, RM Zorzano, MP Martin-Torres, FJ Burton, JR AF Moore, Casey A. Moores, John E. Lemmon, Mark T. Rafkin, Scot C. R. Francis, Raymond Pla-Garcia, Jorge Haberle, Robert M. Zorzano, Maria-Paz Javier Martin-Torres, F. Burton, John R. CA MSL Sci Team TI A full martian year of line-of-sight extinction within Gale Crater, Mars as acquired by the MSL Navcam through sol 900 SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars; Mars, atmosphere; Atmosphere, dynamics; Atmosphere, structure ID SCIENCE LABORATORY ROVER; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; ENGINEERING CAMERAS; OPTICAL DEPTH; DUST DEVILS; AEROSOL; MISSION; TES AB We report on line-of-sight extinction in northern Gale Crater, Mars as seen by the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover, Curiosity from sol 100 to sal 900; a little more than an entire martian year. Navcam images oriented due north, which show the distant crater rim, the near ground and the sky allow the extinction due to dust within the crater to be determined. This line-of sight extinction is compared to a complementary dataset of column extinctions derived from Mastcam. The line-of-sight extinction within the crater is less than the column extinction for the majority of the martian year. This implies that the relatively low mixing ratio of dust within the crater as compared to the atmosphere above the crater rim persists through most of the year. This suggests relatively little mixing between the atmosphere above the crater and the atmosphere inside the crater and suggests that northern Gale Crater is a net sink of dust in the current era. The data does however show a yearly convergence of the line-of-sight extinction and the column-averaged extinction around L-s = 270-290 degrees. This suggests that air above the crater mixes with air in the crater at this time, as predicted by mesoscale models. Matching line-of-sight and column extinction values are also seen around L-s approximate to 135 degrees, a season that has only been observed once in this dataset, this is particularly interesting as the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station onboard Curiosity reports increased convective boundary layer heights in the same season. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Moore, Casey A.; Moores, John E.; Burton, John R.] York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Lemmon, Mark T.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Rafkin, Scot C. R.] Southwest Res Inst Boulder, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Francis, Raymond] Univ Western Ontario, Ctr Planetary Sci & Explorat, London, ON, Canada. [Francis, Raymond] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Pla-Garcia, Jorge; Zorzano, Maria-Paz] Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Madrid, Spain. [Haberle, Robert M.] Naval Air Stn, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Zorzano, Maria-Paz; Javier Martin-Torres, F.] Luled Univ Technol, Dept Comp Sci Elect & Space Engn, Div Space Technol, Kiruna, Sweden. [Javier Martin-Torres, F.] Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra CSIC UGR, Granada, Spain. RP Moore, CA (reprint author), York Univ, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, 4700 Keefe St, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. EM camoore@yorku.ca RI Lemmon, Mark/E-9983-2010; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/F-2184-2015; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/L-8001-2014; Ramos, Miguel/K-2230-2014; OI Lemmon, Mark/0000-0002-4504-5136; Zorzano, Maria-Paz/0000-0002-4492-9650; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/0000-0003-0461-9815; Ramos, Miguel/0000-0003-3648-6818; Moore, Casey/0000-0002-9295-1537 FU Canadian Space Agency FX CAM would like to acknowledge the contributions of the Mars Science Laboratory Participating Scientist Program for access to the science team and to rover operations and of the Canadian Space Agency for providing funding for this work. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 102 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.09.001 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300009 ER PT J AU Rubincam, DP AF Rubincam, David Parry TI Gould's Belt, interstellar clouds, and the Eocene-Oligocene helium-3 enhancement SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Interplanetary medium; Meteorites; Meteors; Interplanetary dust; Celestial mechanics ID INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; ASTEROID SHOWER; SOLAR-SYSTEM; THERMAL DRAG; YARKOVSKY; EARTH; RADIATION; CONSEQUENCES; DELIVERY AB Drag from hydrogen in the interstellar cloud which formed Gould's Belt may have sent interplanetary dust particle (IDPs) and small meteoroids with embedded helium to the Earth, perhaps explaining part the helium-3 flux increase seen in the sedimentary record near the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Assuming the Solar System passed through part of the cloud. IDPs in the inner Solar System may have been dragged to Earth, while dust and small meteoroids in the asteroid belt up to centimeter size may have been dragged to the resonances, where their orbital eccentricities were pumped up into Earth-crossing orbits; however, this hypotheses does not explain the Popigai and Chesapeake Bay impacts. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Rubincam, David Parry] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geodynam Branch, Planetary Geodynam Lab,Solar Syst Explorat Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Rubincam, DP (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geodynam Branch, Planetary Geodynam Lab,Solar Syst Explorat Div, Code 698,Bldg 34,Room S280, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM david.p.rubincam@nasa.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 132 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.09.015 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300011 ER PT J AU Fletcher, LN Irwin, PGJ Achterberg, RK Orton, GS Flasar, FM AF Fletcher, Leigh N. Irwin, P. G. J. Achterberg, R. K. Orton, G. S. Flasar, F. M. TI Seasonal variability of Saturn's tropospheric temperatures, winds and para-H-2 from Cassini far-IR spectroscopy SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Saturn; Atmospheres, composition; Atmospheres, dynamics ID ROTOTRANSLATIONAL ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; COLLISION-INDUCED ABSORPTION; THERMAL STRUCTURE; OUTER PLANETS; VOYAGER-IRIS; INFRARED SPECTROMETER; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; CLOUD STRUCTURE; PARA-HYDROGEN; ATMOSPHERE AB Far-IR 16-1000 mu m spectra of Saturn's hydrogen-helium continuum measured by Cassini's Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) are inverted to construct a near-continuous record of upper tropospheric (70-700 mbar) temperatures and para-H-2 fraction as a function of latitude, pressure and time for a third of a saturnian year (2004-2014, from northern winter to northern spring). The thermal field reveals evidence of reversing summertime asymmetries superimposed onto the belt/zone structure. The temperature structure is almost symmetric about the equator by 2014, with seasonal lag times that increase with depth and are qualitatively consistent with radiative climate models. Localised heating of the tropospheric hazes (100-250 mbar) create a distinct perturbation to the temperature profile that shifts in magnitude and location, declining in the autumn hemisphere and growing in the spring. Changes in the para-H-2 (f(p)) distribution are subtle, with a 0.02-0.03 rise over the spring hemisphere (200-500 mbar) perturbed by (i) low-f(p) air advected by both the springtime storm of 2010 and equatorial upwelling; and (ii) subsidence of high-f(p) air at northern high latitudes, responsible for a developing north-south asymmetry in f(p). Conversely, the shifting asymmetry in the para-H-2 disequilibrium primarily reflects the changing temperature structure (and hence the equilibrium distribution off), rather than actual changes in f(p) induced by chemical conversion or transport. CIRS results interpolated to the same point in the seasonal cycle as re-analysed Voyager-1 observations (early northern spring) show qualitative consistency from year to year (i.e., the same tropospheric asymmetries in temperature and f(p)), with the exception of the tropical tropopause near the equatorial zones and belts, where downward propagation of a cool temperature anomaly associated with Saturn's stratospheric oscillation could potentially perturb tropopause temperatures, para-H-2 and winds. Quantitative differences between the Cassini and Voyager epochs suggest that the oscillation is not in phase with the seasonal cycle at these tropospheric depths (i.e., it should be described as quasi-periodic rather than 'semi annual'). Variability in the zonal wind field derived from latitudinal thermal gradients is small (<10 m/s per scale height near the tropopause) and mostly affects the broad retrograde jets, with the notable exception of large variability on the northern flank of the equatorial jet. The meridional potential vorticity (PV) gradient, and hence the 'staircase of PV' associated with spatial variations in the vigour of vertical mixing, has varied over the course of the mission but maintained its overall shape. PV gradients in latitude and altitude are used to estimate the atmospheric refractive index for the propagation of stationary planetary (Rossby) waves, predicting that such wave activity would be confined to regions of real refractivity (tropical regions plus bands at 35-45 degrees in both hemispheres). The penetration depth of these regions into the upper troposphere is temporally variable (potentially associated with stratification changes), whereas the latitudinal structure is largely unchanged over time (associated with the zonal jet system). (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fletcher, Leigh N.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Fletcher, Leigh N.; Irwin, P. G. J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Atmospher Ocean & Planetary Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Achterberg, R. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Orton, G. S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Flasar, F. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Fletcher, LN (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. EM leigh.fletcher@leicester.ac.uk RI Flasar, F Michael/C-8509-2012; Fletcher, Leigh/D-6093-2011; OI Fletcher, Leigh/0000-0001-5834-9588; Irwin, Patrick/0000-0002-6772-384X FU Royal Society Research Fellowship at the University of Oxford; University of Leicester; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); NASA FX The analysis presented in this paper would not have been possible without the tireless efforts of the CIRS operations and calibration team, who were responsible for the design of the imaging sequences, instrument commands and other vital operational tasks. Fletcher was supported by a Royal Society Research Fellowship at the University of Oxford and the University of Leicester. The UK authors acknowledge the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). Orton was supported by grants from NASA to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their thorough and constructive reviews of this manuscript. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 137 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.09.009 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300012 ER PT J AU de Pater, I Laver, C Davies, AG de Kleer, K Williams, DA Howell, RR Rathbun, JA Spencer, JR AF de Pater, Imke Laver, Conor Davies, Ashley Gerard de Kleer, Katherine Williams, David A. Howell, Robert R. Rathbun, Julie A. Spencer, John R. TI Io: Eruptions at Pillan, and the time evolution of Pele and Pillan from 1996 to 2015 SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Io; Infrared observations; Volcanism ID VOLCANIC ACTIVITY; THERMAL EMISSION; KANEHEKILI FLUCTUS; JANUS PATERA; LAVA LAKE; MOON IO; KECK; GALILEO; VARIABILITY; SPECTROSCOPY AB Observations obtained with the near-infrared camera NIRC2, coupled to the adaptive optics system on the 10-m W.M. Keck II telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, on 14 August 2007 revealed an active and highly-energetic eruption at Pillan at 245.2 +/- 0.7 degrees W and 8.5 +/- 0.5 degrees S. A one-temperature blackbody fit to the data revealed a (blackbody) temperature of 840 +/- 40 K over an area of 17 km(2), with a total power output of similar to 500 GW. Using Davies' (Davies, A.G. [1996]. Icarus 124(1), 45-61) Io Flow Model, we find that the oldest lava present is less than 1-2 h old, having cooled down from the eruption temperature of >1400 K to similar to 710 K; this young hot lava suggests that an episode of lava fountaining was underway. In addition to an examination of this eruption, we present data of the Pele and Pillan volcanoes obtained with the same instrument and telescope from 2002 through 2015. These data reveal another eruption at Pillan on UT 28 June 2010. Model fits to this eruption yield a blackbody temperature of 600-700 K over an area of similar to 60 km(2), radiating over 600 GW. On UT 18 February 2015 an energetic eruption was captured by the InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF) via mutual event occultations. The eruption took place at 242.7 +/- 1 degrees W and 12.4 +/- 1 degrees S, i.e., in the eastern part of Pillan Patera. Subsequent observations showed a gradual decrease in the intensity of the eruption. Images obtained with the Keck telescope on 31 March and 5 May 2015 revealed that the locations of the eruption had shifted by 120-160 km to the NW. In contrast to the episodicity of Pillan, Pele has been persistent, observed in every appropriate 4.7 mu m observation. Pele was remarkably consistent in its thermal emission from the Galileo era through February 2002, when a blackbody temperature of 940 +/- 40 K and an area of 6.5 km(2) was measured. Since that time, however, the radiant flux from what is likely a apparently large, overturning lava lake has gradually subsided over the next decade by a factor of similar to 4, while the location of the thermal source was moving back and forth between areas roughly similar to 100 km to the W of the 2002 location and an area roughly similar to 100 km to the SE of the 2002 location. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [de Pater, Imke; de Kleer, Katherine] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [de Pater, Imke] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Aerosp Engn, NL-2629 HS Delft, Netherlands. [de Pater, Imke] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Laver, Conor] Bright Power Inc, New York, NY 10005 USA. [Davies, Ashley Gerard] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Williams, David A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Howell, Robert R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Rathbun, Julie A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Spencer, John R.] Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. RP de Pater, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU W.M. Keck Foundation; University of Hawaii [NNH14CK55B]; National Science Foundation, NSF Grant [AST-1313485]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1106400]; Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program [NMO710830, NMO710931] FX We are grateful to Alfred McEwen for his review and suggestions for improving this paper. Most of the data presented in this paper were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory. We thank Keith Matthews for donating us the first half of the 14 August 2007 night, before our prime target (Uranus) was visible. Two of the data sets presented here (3 April 2007 and 28 June 2010) were retrieved from the publicly available Keck Archive (PI: F. Marchis). The Keck Telescopes are operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation.; Several data sets were obtained at the Gemini North Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). Three datasets (2015 mutual occultation events) were obtained with the Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), which is operated by the University of Hawaii under contract NNH14CK55B with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; Our research was partially supported by the National Science Foundation, NSF Grant AST-1313485 to UC Berkeley. Katherine de Kleer is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant DGE-1106400. Ashley Davies thanks the NASA Outer Planets Research and Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program for support under grants NMO710830 and NMO710931. The authors recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations of Ionian volcanoes from this Hawaiian volcano. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 198 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.09.006 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300016 ER PT J AU Tortora, P Zannoni, M Hemingway, D Nimmo, F Jacobson, RA Iess, L Parisi, M AF Tortora, Paolo Zannoni, Marco Hemingway, Doug Nimmo, Francis Jacobson, Robert A. Iess, Luciano Parisi, Marzia TI Rhea gravity field and interior modeling from Cassini data analysis SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Interiors; Orbit determination; Satellites, composition; Saturn, satellites ID SATURNIAN SYSTEM; TRACKING DATA; TITAN; SHELL AB During its tour of the Saturn system, Cassini performed two close flybys of Rhea dedicated to gravity investigations, the first in November 2005 and the second in March 2013. This paper presents an estimation of Rhea's fully unconstrained quadrupole gravity field obtained from a joint multi-arc analysis of the two Cassini flybys. Our best estimates of the main gravity quadrupole unnormalized coefficients are J(2) X 10(6) = 94 6.0 +/- 13.9, C-22 X 10(6) = 242.1 +/- 4.0 (uncertainties are 1-sigma). Their resulting ratio is J(2)/C-22 = 3.91 +/- 0.10, statistically not compatible (at a 5-sigma level) with the theoretical value of 10/3, predicted for a hydrostatic satellite in slow, synchronous rotation around a planet. Therefore, it is not possible to infer the moment of inertia factor directly using the Radau-Darwin approximation. The observed excess J(2) (gravity oblateness) was investigated using a combined analysis of gravity and topography, under different plausible geophysical assumptions. The observed gravity is consistent with that generated by the observed shape for an undifferentiated (uniform density) body. However, because the surface is more likely to be water ice, a two-layer model may be a better approximation. In this case, and assuming a mantle density of 920 kg/m(3), some 1-3 km of excess core oblateness is consistent with the observed gravity. A wide range of moments of inertia is allowed, but models with low moments of inertia (i.e., more differentiation) require greater magnitudes of excess core topography to satisfy the observations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Tortora, Paolo; Zannoni, Marco] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Ingn Ind, Forli, Italy. [Hemingway, Doug; Nimmo, Francis] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Jacobson, Robert A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Iess, Luciano; Parisi, Marzia] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimen Ingn Meccan & Aerospaziale, I-00185 Rome, Italy. RP Tortora, P (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Ingn Ind, Forli, Italy. RI Hemingway, Douglas/F-6332-2014; IESS, Luciano/F-4902-2011; OI Hemingway, Douglas/0000-0001-5617-207X; IESS, Luciano/0000-0002-6230-5825; Zannoni, Marco/0000-0002-4151-9656 FU Italian Space Agency; NASA FX The authors are grateful to John W. Armstrong and Sami W. Asmar of the Cassini Radio Science Team, for the useful discussions and suggestions regarding the procedures for Cassini data analysis. Thanks to Peter Thomas for his helpful feedback and for providing the updated solution for Rhea topography used in this work. P.T., M.Z., L.I., and M.P. acknowledge support from the Italian Space Agency. D.H., and F.N. are grateful to NASA for support through the Cassini Project. The work of R.A.J. was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. The Doppler data and ancillary information used in this analysis are archived in NASA's Planetary Data System. We thank the Cassini Project, A. Anabtawi and the JPL Radio Science Systems Group, the NASA/JPL Deep Space Network and their operations personnel involved in the acquisition of Doppler data analyzed here. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 264 EP 273 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.09.022 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300023 ER PT J AU Lewis, SR Mulholland, DP Read, PL Montabone, L Wilson, RJ Smith, MD AF Lewis, Stephen R. Mulholland, David P. Read, Peter L. Montabone, Luca Wilson, R. John Smith, Michael D. TI The solsticial pause on Mars: 1. A planetary wave reanalysis SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars, atmosphere; Mars, climate; Atmospheres, dynamics ID SPECTROMETER TES OBSERVATIONS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ENCIRCLING DUST STORM; MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE; GLOBAL SURVEYOR; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; DATA ASSIMILATION; TRAVELING-WAVES; MIDWINTER SUPPRESSION; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE AB Large-scale planetary waves are diagnosed from an analysis of profiles retrieved from the Thermal Emission Spectrometer aboard the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft during its scientific mapping phase. The analysis is conducted by assimilating thermal profiles and total dust opacity retrievals into a Mars global circulation model. Transient waves are largest throughout the northern hemisphere autumn, winter and spring period and almost absent during the summer. The southern hemisphere exhibits generally weaker transient wave behaviour. A striking feature of the low-altitude transient waves in the analysis is that they show a broad subsidiary minimum in amplitude centred on the winter solstice, a period when the thermal contrast between the summer hemisphere and the winter pole is strongest and baroclinic wave activity might be expected to be strong. This behaviour, here called the 'solsticial pause,' is present in every year of the analysis. This strong pause is under-represented in many independent model experiments, which tend to produce relatively uniform baroclinic wave activity throughout the winter. This paper documents and diagnoses the transient wave solsticial pause found in the analysis; a companion paper investigates the origin of the phenomenon in a series of model experiments. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lewis, Stephen R.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Mulholland, David P.; Read, Peter L.; Montabone, Luca] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Atmospher Ocean & Planetary Phys, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Wilson, R. John] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Smith, Michael D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Lewis, SR (reprint author), Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. EM stephen.lewis@open.ac.uk OI Lewis, Stephen/0000-0001-7237-6494 FU UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; UK Space Agency [ST/J001597/1, ST/I003096/1, ST/K00106X/1] FX The authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their constructive input. SRL, DPM, and PLR thank the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council and the UK Space Agency for funding, including under Grants ST/J001597/1, ST/I003096/1 and ST/K00106X/1. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 264 BP 456 EP 464 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.039 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW7AM UT WOS:000365150300036 ER PT J AU Polk, JE Mikellides, IG Capece, AM Katz, I AF Polk, James E. Mikellides, Ioannis G. Capece, Angela M. Katz, Ira TI Barium depletion in hollow cathode emitters SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IMPREGNATED CATHODES AB Dispenser hollow cathodes rely on a consumable supply of Ba released by BaO-CaO-Al2O3 source material in the pores of a tungsten matrix to maintain a low work function surface. The examination of cathode emitters from long duration tests shows deposits of tungsten at the downstream end that appear to block the flow of Ba from the interior. In addition, a numerical model of Ba transport in the cathode plasma indicates that the Ba partial pressure in the insert may exceed the equilibrium vapor pressure of the dominant Ba-producing reaction, and it was postulated previously that this would suppress Ba loss in the upstream part of the emitter. New measurements of the Ba depletion depth from a cathode insert operated for 8200 h reveal that Ba loss is confined to a narrow region near the downstream end, confirming this hypothesis. The Ba transport model was modified to predict the depletion depth with time. A comparison of the calculated and measured depletion depths gives excellent qualitative agreement, and quantitative agreement was obtained assuming an insert temperature 70 degrees C lower than measured beginning-of-life values. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Polk, James E.; Mikellides, Ioannis G.; Katz, Ira] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Capece, Angela M.] CALTECH, Grad Aerosp Labs, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Capece, Angela M.] Coll New Jersey, Ewing, NJ 08618 USA. RP Polk, JE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM james.e.polk@jpl.nasa.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors would like to thank Jim Kulleck for his assistance with the scanning electron microscope. The research described in this paper was carried out by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not constitute or imply its endorsement by the United States Government or the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 14 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 2 AR 023303 DI 10.1063/1.4938489 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DC5UA UT WOS:000369284800013 ER PT J AU Aartsen, MG Abraham, K Ackermann, M Adams, J Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Ahrens, M Altmann, D Anderson, T Ansseau, I Archinger, M Arguelles, C Arlen, TC Auffenberg, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Baum, V Bay, R Beatty, JJ Tjus, JB Becker, KH Beiser, E BenZvi, S Berghaus, P Berley, D Bernardini, E Bernhard, A Besson, DZ Binder, G Bindig, D Bissok, M Blaufuss, E Blumenthal, J Borsma, DJ Bohm, C Boerner, M Bos, F Bose, D Boser, S Botner, O Braun, J Brayeur, L Bretz, HP Buzinsky, N Casey, J Casier, M Cheung, E Chirkin, D Christov, A Clark, K Classen, L Coenders, S Cowen, DF Silva, AHC Daughhetee, J Davis, JC Day, M de Andre, JPAM De Clercq, C Rosendo, EDP Dembinski, H De Ridder, S Desiati, P De Vries, KD De Wasseige, G de With, M De Young, T Diaz-Velez, JC di Lorenzo, V Dumm, JP Dunkman, M Eagan, R Eberhardt, B Ehrhardt, T Eichmann, B Euler, S Evenson, PA Fadiran, O Fahey, S Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feintzeig, J Felde, J Filimonov, K Finley, C Fischer-Wasels, T Flis, S Fosig, CC Fuchs, T Gaisser, TK Gaior, R Gallagher, J Gerhardt, L Ghorbani, K Gier, D Gladstone, L Glagla, M Glusenkamp, T Goldschmidt, A Golup, G Gonzalez, JG Gora, D Grant, D Groh, JC Gross, A Ha, C Haack, C Ismail, AH Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hansen, E Hansmann, B Hanson, K Hebecker, D Heereman, D Helbing, K Hellauer, R Hickford, S Hignight, J Hill, GC Hoffman, KD Hoffmann, R Holzapfel, K Homeier, A Hoshina, K Huang, F Huber, M Huelsnitz, W Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K In, S Ishihara, A Jacobi, E Japaridze, GS Jero, K Jurkovic, M Kappes, A Karg, T Karle, A Kauer, M Keivani, A Kelley, JL Kemp, J Kheirandish, A Kiryluk, J Klas, J Klein, SR Kohnen, G Koirala, R Kolanoski, H Konietz, R Kopke, L Kopper, C Kopper, S Koskinen, DJ Kowalski, M Krings, K Kroll, G Kroll, M Kunnen, J Kurahashi, N Kuwabara, T Labare, M Lanfranchi, JL Larson, MJ Lesiak-Bzdak, M Leuermann, M Leuner, J Lu, L Lunemann, J Madsen, J Maggi, G Mahn, KBM Maruyama, R Mase, K Matis, HS Maunu, R McNally, F Meagher, K Medici, M Meli, A Menne, T Merino, G Meures, T Miarecki, S Middell, E Middlemas, E Mohrmann, L Montaruli, T Morse, R Nahnhauer, R Naumann, U Neer, G Niederhausen, H Nowicki, SC Nygren, DR Obertacke, A Olivas, A Omairat, A O'Murchadha, A Palczewski, T Pandya, H Pankova, DV Paul, L Heros, CPD Pfendner, C Pieloth, D Pinat, E Posselt, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Putz, J Quinnan, M Raab, C Radel, L Rameez, M Rawlins, K Reimann, R Relich, M Resconi, E Rhode, W Richman, M Richter, S Riedel, B Robertson, S Rongen, M Rott, C Ruhe, T Ryckbosch, D Saba, SM Sabbatini, L Sander, HG Sandrock, A Sandroos, J Sarkar, S Schatto, K Scheriau, F Schimp, M Schmidt, T Schmitz, M Schonen, S Schoneberg, S Schoenwald, A Schulte, L Seckel, D Seunarine, S Smith, MWE Soldin, D Song, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stahlberg, M Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Stanisha, NA Stasik, A Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Stossl, A Strom, R Strotjohann, NL Sullivan, GW Sutherland, M Taavola, H Taboada, I Tatar, J Ter-Antonyan, S Terliuk, A Tesic, G Tilav, S Toale, PA Tobin, MN Toscano, S Tosi, D Tselengidou, M Turcati, A Unger, E Usner, M Vallecorsa, S Vandenbroucke, J van Eijndhoven, N Vanheule, S van Santen, J Veenkamp, J Vehring, M Voge, M Vraeghe, M Walck, C Wallace, A Wallraff, M Wandkowsky, N Weaver, C Wendt, C Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Whitehorn, N Wiebe, K Wiebusch, CH Wille, L Williams, DR Wissing, H Wolf, M Wood, TR Woschnagg, K Xu, DL Xu, XW Xu, Y Yanez, JP Yodh, G Yoshida, S Zoll, M AF Aartsen, M. G. Abraham, K. Ackermann, M. Adams, J. Aguilar, J. A. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, M. Altmann, D. Anderson, T. Ansseau, I. Archinger, M. Arguelles, C. Arlen, T. C. Auffenberg, J. Bai, X. Barwick, S. W. Baum, V. Bay, R. Beatty, J. J. Tjus, J. Becker Becker, K. -H. Beiser, E. BenZvi, S. Berghaus, P. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Bernhard, A. Besson, D. Z. Binder, G. Bindig, D. Bissok, M. Blaufuss, E. Blumenthal, J. Boersma, D. J. Bohm, C. Boerner, M. Bos, F. Bose, D. Boeser, S. Botner, O. Braun, J. Brayeur, L. Bretz, H. -P. Buzinsky, N. Casey, J. Casier, M. Cheung, E. Chirkin, D. Christov, A. Clark, K. Classen, L. Coenders, S. Cowen, D. F. Silva, A. H. Cruz Daughhetee, J. Davis, J. C. Day, M. de Andre, J. P. A. M. De Clercq, C. Rosendo, E. del Pino Dembinski, H. De Ridder, S. Desiati, P. de Vries, K. D. de Wasseige, G. de With, M. De Young, T. Diaz-Velez, J. C. di Lorenzo, V. Dumm, J. P. Dunkman, M. Eagan, R. Eberhardt, B. Ehrhardt, T. Eichmann, B. Euler, S. Evenson, P. A. Fadiran, O. Fahey, S. Fazely, A. R. Fedynitch, A. Feintzeig, J. Felde, J. Filimonov, K. Finley, C. Fischer-Wasels, T. Flis, S. Foesig, C. -C. Fuchs, T. Gaisser, T. K. Gaior, R. Gallagher, J. Gerhardt, L. Ghorbani, K. Gier, D. Gladstone, L. Glagla, M. Gluesenkamp, T. Goldschmidt, A. Golup, G. Gonzalez, J. G. Gora, D. Grant, D. Groh, J. C. Gross, A. Ha, C. Haack, C. Ismail, A. Haj Hallgren, A. Halzen, F. Hansen, E. Hansmann, B. Hanson, K. Hebecker, D. Heereman, D. Helbing, K. Hellauer, R. Hickford, S. Hignight, J. Hill, G. C. Hoffman, K. D. Hoffmann, R. Holzapfel, K. Homeier, A. Hoshina, K. Huang, F. Huber, M. Huelsnitz, W. Hulth, P. O. Hultqvist, K. In, S. Ishihara, A. Jacobi, E. Japaridze, G. S. Jero, K. Jurkovic, M. Kappes, A. Karg, T. Karle, A. Kauer, M. Keivani, A. Kelley, J. L. Kemp, J. Kheirandish, A. Kiryluk, J. Klaes, J. Klein, S. R. Kohnen, G. Koirala, R. Kolanoski, H. Konietz, R. Koepke, L. Kopper, C. Kopper, S. Koskinen, D. J. Kowalski, M. Krings, K. Kroll, G. Kroll, M. Kunnen, J. Kurahashi, N. Kuwabara, T. Labare, M. Lanfranchi, J. L. Larson, M. J. Lesiak-Bzdak, M. Leuermann, M. Leuner, J. Lu, L. Luenemann, J. Madsen, J. Maggi, G. Mahn, K. B. M. Maruyama, R. Mase, K. Matis, H. S. Maunu, R. McNally, F. Meagher, K. Medici, M. Meli, A. Menne, T. Merino, G. Meures, T. Miarecki, S. Middell, E. Middlemas, E. Mohrmann, L. Montaruli, T. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, R. Naumann, U. Neer, G. Niederhausen, H. Nowicki, S. C. Nygren, D. R. Obertacke, A. Olivas, A. Omairat, A. O'Murchadha, A. Palczewski, T. Pandya, H. Pankova, D. V. Paul, L. Heros, C. Perez de Los Pfendner, C. Pieloth, D. Pinat, E. Posselt, J. Price, P. B. Przybylski, G. T. Puetz, J. Quinnan, M. Raab, C. Raedel, L. Rameez, M. Rawlins, K. Reimann, R. Relich, M. Resconi, E. Rhode, W. Richman, M. Richter, S. Riedel, B. Robertson, S. Rongen, M. Rott, C. Ruhe, T. Ryckbosch, D. Saba, S. M. Sabbatini, L. Sander, H. -G. Sandrock, A. Sandroos, J. Sarkar, S. Schatto, K. Scheriau, F. Schimp, M. Schmidt, T. Schmitz, M. Schoenen, S. Schoeneberg, S. Schoenwald, A. Schulte, L. Seckel, D. Seunarine, S. Smith, M. W. E. Soldin, D. Song, M. Spiczak, G. M. Spiering, C. Stahlberg, M. Stamatikos, M. Stanev, T. Stanisha, N. A. Stasik, A. Stezelberger, T. Stokstad, R. G. Stoessl, A. Stroem, R. Strotjohann, N. L. Sullivan, G. W. Sutherland, M. Taavola, H. Taboada, I. Tatar, J. Ter-Antonyan, S. Terliuk, A. Tesic, G. Tilav, S. Toale, P. A. Tobin, M. N. Toscano, S. Tosi, D. Tselengidou, M. Turcati, A. Unger, E. Usner, M. Vallecorsa, S. Vandenbroucke, J. van Eijndhoven, N. Vanheule, S. van Santen, J. Veenkamp, J. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Vraeghe, M. Walck, C. Wallace, A. Wallraff, M. Wandkowsky, N. Weaver, Ch. Wendt, C. Westerhoff, S. Whelan, B. J. Whitehorn, N. Wiebe, K. Wiebusch, C. H. Wille, L. Williams, D. R. Wissing, H. Wolf, M. Wood, T. R. Woschnagg, K. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, Y. Yanez, J. P. Yodh, G. Yoshida, S. Zoll, M. CA IceCube Collaboration TI Search for astrophysical tau neutrinos in three years of IceCube data SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ANTINEUTRINOS; OSCILLATIONS; SYSTEM AB The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has observed a diffuse flux of TeV-PeVastrophysical neutrinos at 5.7 sigma significance from an all-flavor search. The direct detection of tau neutrinos in this flux has yet to occur. Tau neutrinos become distinguishable from other flavors in IceCube at energies above a few hundred TeV, when the cascade from the tau neutrino charged current interaction becomes resolvable from the cascade from the tau lepton decay. This paper presents results from the first dedicated search for tau neutrinos with energies between 214 TeV and 72 PeV in the full IceCube detector. The analysis searches for IceCube optical sensors that observe two separate pulses in a single event-one from the tau neutrino interaction and a second from the tau decay. No candidate events were observed in three years of IceCube data. For the first time, a differential upper limit on astrophysical tau neutrinos is derived around the PeV energy region, which is nearly 3 orders of magnitude lower in energy than previous limits from dedicated tau neutrino searches. C1 [Auffenberg, J.; Bissok, M.; Blumenthal, J.; Gier, D.; Glagla, M.; Haack, C.; Hansmann, B.; Kemp, J.; Konietz, R.; Leuermann, M.; Leuner, J.; Paul, L.; Puetz, J.; Raedel, L.; Reimann, R.; Rongen, M.; Schimp, M.; Schoenen, S.; Stahlberg, M.; Vehring, M.; Wallraff, M.; Wiebusch, C. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Aartsen, M. G.; Hill, G. C.; Robertson, S.; Wallace, A.; Whelan, B. J.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Rawlins, K.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Japaridze, G. S.] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Casey, J.; Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Casey, J.; Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Fazely, A. R.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Xu, X. W.] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. [Bay, R.; Binder, G.; Filimonov, K.; Gerhardt, L.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Miarecki, S.; Price, P. B.; Tatar, J.; Woschnagg, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Binder, G.; Gerhardt, L.; Goldschmidt, A.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Miarecki, S.; Nygren, D. R.; Przybylski, G. T.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.; Tatar, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [de With, M.; Hebecker, D.; Kolanoski, H.; Kowalski, M.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Tjus, J. Becker; Bos, F.; Eichmann, B.; Fedynitch, A.; Kroll, M.; Saba, S. M.; Schoeneberg, S.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Homeier, A.; Schulte, L.; Voge, M.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Aguilar, J. A.; Ansseau, I.; Heereman, D.; Meagher, K.; Meures, T.; O'Murchadha, A.; Pinat, E.; Raab, C.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Casier, M.; De Clercq, C.; de Vries, K. D.; de Wasseige, G.; Golup, G.; Kunnen, J.; Luenemann, J.; Maggi, G.; Toscano, S.; van Eijndhoven, N.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Gaior, R.; Ishihara, A.; Kuwabara, T.; Lu, L.; Mase, K.; Relich, M.; Yoshida, S.] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Adams, J.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Berley, D.; Bernhard, A.; Blaufuss, E.; Cheung, E.; Felde, J.; Hellauer, R.; Hoffman, K. D.; Huelsnitz, W.; Maunu, R.; Olivas, A.; Schmidt, T.; Song, M.; Sullivan, G. W.; Wissing, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Pfendner, C.; Stamatikos, M.; Sutherland, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Pfendner, C.; Stamatikos, M.; Sutherland, M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hansen, E.; Koskinen, D. J.; Larson, M. J.; Medici, M.; Sarkar, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Boerner, M.; Fuchs, T.; Menne, T.; Pieloth, D.; Rhode, W.; Ruhe, T.; Sandrock, A.; Scheriau, F.; Schmitz, M.] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [de Andre, J. P. A. M.; De Young, T.; Hignight, J.; Mahn, K. B. M.; Neer, G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Buzinsky, N.; Grant, D.; Kopper, C.; Nowicki, S. C.; Riedel, B.; Weaver, Ch.; Wood, T. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Altmann, D.; Classen, L.; Kappes, A.; Tselengidou, M.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Christov, A.; Montaruli, T.; Rameez, M.; Vallecorsa, S.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [De Ridder, S.; Ismail, A. Haj; Labare, M.; Meli, A.; Ryckbosch, D.; Vanheule, S.; Vraeghe, M.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Barwick, S. W.; Yodh, G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Besson, D. Z.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Gallagher, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ahlers, M.; Arguelles, C.; Beiser, E.; BenZvi, S.; Braun, J.; Chirkin, D.; Day, M.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Fadiran, O.; Fahey, S.; Feintzeig, J.; Ghorbani, K.; Gladstone, L.; Halzen, F.; Hanson, K.; Hoshina, K.; Jero, K.; Karle, A.; Kauer, M.; Kelley, J. L.; Kheirandish, A.; McNally, F.; Merino, G.; Middlemas, E.; Morse, R.; Richter, S.; Sabbatini, L.; Tobin, M. N.; Tosi, D.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Wandkowsky, N.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.; Wille, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ahlers, M.; Arguelles, C.; Beiser, E.; BenZvi, S.; Braun, J.; Chirkin, D.; Day, M.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Fadiran, O.; Fahey, S.; Feintzeig, J.; Ghorbani, K.; Gladstone, L.; Halzen, F.; Hanson, K.; Hoshina, K.; Jero, K.; Karle, A.; Kauer, M.; Kelley, J. L.; Kheirandish, A.; McNally, F.; Merino, G.; Middlemas, E.; Morse, R.; Richter, S.; Sabbatini, L.; Tobin, M. N.; Tosi, D.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Wandkowsky, N.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.; Wille, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Archinger, M.; Baum, V.; Boeser, S.; Rosendo, E. del Pino; di Lorenzo, V.; Eberhardt, B.; Ehrhardt, T.; Foesig, C. -C.; Koepke, L.; Kroll, G.; Sander, H. -G.; Sandroos, J.; Schatto, K.; Wiebe, K.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Brayeur, L.; Kohnen, G.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Abraham, K.; Bernhard, A.; Coenders, S.; Gross, A.; Holzapfel, K.; Huber, M.; Jurkovic, M.; Krings, K.; Resconi, E.; Turcati, A.; Veenkamp, J.] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Dembinski, H.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Koirala, R.; Pandya, H.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tilav, S.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Dembinski, H.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Koirala, R.; Pandya, H.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tilav, S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kauer, M.; Maruyama, R.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Kurahashi, N.; Richman, M.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bai, X.] South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Madsen, J.; Seunarine, S.; Spiczak, G. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Ahrens, M.; Bohm, C.; Dumm, J. P.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Walck, C.; Wolf, M.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahrens, M.; Bohm, C.; Dumm, J. P.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Walck, C.; Wolf, M.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kiryluk, J.; Lesiak-Bzdak, M.; Niederhausen, H.; Xu, Y.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bose, D.; In, S.; Rott, C.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Clark, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Palczewski, T.; Toale, P. A.; Williams, D. R.; Xu, D. L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Cowen, D. F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Anderson, T.; Arlen, T. C.; Cowen, D. F.; Dunkman, M.; Eagan, R.; Groh, J. C.; Huang, F.; Keivani, A.; Lanfranchi, J. L.; Pankova, D. V.; Quinnan, M.; Smith, M. W. E.; Stanisha, N. A.; Tesic, G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Boersma, D. J.; Botner, O.; Euler, S.; Hallgren, A.; Heros, C. Perez de Los; Stroem, R.; Taavola, H.; Unger, E.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Becker, K. -H.; Bindig, D.; Fischer-Wasels, T.; Helbing, K.; Hickford, S.; Hoffmann, R.; Klaes, J.; Kopper, S.; Naumann, U.; Obertacke, A.; Omairat, A.; Posselt, J.; Soldin, D.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany. [Ackermann, M.; Berghaus, P.; Bernardini, E.; Bretz, H. -P.; Silva, A. H. Cruz; Gluesenkamp, T.; Gora, D.; Jacobi, E.; Karg, T.; Kowalski, M.; Middell, E.; Mohrmann, L.; Nahnhauer, R.; Schoenwald, A.; Spiering, C.; Stasik, A.; Stoessl, A.; Strotjohann, N. L.; Terliuk, A.; Usner, M.; van Santen, J.; Yanez, J. P.] DESY, D-13735 Zeuthen, Germany. [Hoshina, K.; Stamatikos, M.] Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan. [Stamatikos, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Williams, DR (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM drwilliams3@ua.edu; dxu@icecube.wisc.edu RI Koskinen, David/G-3236-2014; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; OI Koskinen, David/0000-0002-0514-5917; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Strotjohann, Nora Linn/0000-0002-4667-6730; Dembinski, Hans/0000-0003-3337-3850; Arguelles Delgado, Carlos/0000-0003-4186-4182 FU U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs; U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division; University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Grid Laboratory of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy, and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; WestGrid and Compute/Calcul Canada; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Polar Research Secretariat; Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC); Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP); Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO); FWO Odysseus program; Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Australian Research Council; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark (DNRF) FX We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Grid Laboratory of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy, and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, WestGrid and Compute/Calcul Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus program, Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT), Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Australian Research Council; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark (DNRF). NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD JAN 12 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 2 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.93.022001 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA DA6FI UT WOS:000367897600001 ER PT J AU Evans, PA Osborne, JP Kennea, JA Campana, S O'Brien, PT Tanvir, NR Racusin, JL Burrows, DN Cenko, SB Gehrels, N AF Evans, P. A. Osborne, J. P. Kennea, J. A. Campana, S. O'Brien, P. T. Tanvir, N. R. Racusin, J. L. Burrows, D. N. Cenko, S. B. Gehrels, N. TI Optimization of the Swift X-ray follow-up of Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave triggers in 2015-16 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational waves; methods: observational; gamma-ray burst: general; X-rays: general ID NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS; SHORT-DURATION; COMPLETE SAMPLE; LATE AFTERGLOW; SOURCE CATALOG; BURST CATALOG; HOST GALAXIES; GRB 130603B; R-PROCESS; TELESCOPE AB One of the most exciting near-term prospects in physics is the potential discovery of gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors. To maximize both the confidence of the detection and the science return, it is essential to identify an electromagnetic counterpart. This is not trivial, as the events are expected to be poorly localized, particularly in the near-term, with error regions covering hundreds or even thousands of square degrees. In this paper, we discuss the prospects for finding an X-ray counterpart to a gravitational wave trigger with the Swift X-ray Telescope, using the assumption that the trigger is caused by a binary neutron star merger which also produces a short gamma-ray burst. We show that it is beneficial to target galaxies within the GW error region, highlighting the need for substantially complete galaxy catalogues out to distances of 300 Mpc. We also show that nearby, on-axis short GRBs are either extremely rare, or are systematically less luminous than those detected to date. We consider the prospects for detecting afterglow emission from an off-axis GRB which triggered the GW facilities, finding that the detectability, and the best time to look, are strongly dependent on the characteristics of the burst such as circumburst density and our viewing angle. C1 [Evans, P. A.; Osborne, J. P.; O'Brien, P. T.; Tanvir, N. R.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Kennea, J. A.; Burrows, D. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Campana, S.] Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Racusin, J. L.; Cenko, S. B.; Gehrels, N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cenko, S. B.] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Evans, PA (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. EM pae9@leicester.ac.uk FU UK Space Agency; ASI-INAF [I/004/11/1] FX This work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester, and used the ALICE High Performance Computing Facility at the University of Leicester. PAE and JPO acknowledge UK Space Agency support. SC is supported by ASI-INAF Contract I/004/11/1. NR 62 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 2 BP 1522 EP 1537 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2213 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TN UT WOS:000368007100029 ER PT J AU Welikala, N Bethermin, M Guery, D Strandet, M Aird, KA Aravena, M Ashby, MLN Bothwell, M Beelen, A Bleem, LE de Breuck, C Brodwin, M Carlstrom, JE Chapman, SC Crawford, TM Dole, H Dore, O Everett, W Flores-Cacho, I Gonzalez, AH Gonzalez-Nuevo, J Greve, TR Gullberg, B Hezaveh, YD Holder, GP Holzapfel, WL Keisler, R Lagache, G Ma, J Malkan, M Marrone, DP Mocanu, LM Montier, L Murphy, EJ Nesvadba, NPH Omont, A Pointecouteau, E Puget, JL Reichardt, CL Rotermund, KM Scott, D Serra, P Spilker, JS Stalder, B Stark, AA Story, K Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Weiss, A AF Welikala, N. Bethermin, M. Guery, D. Strandet, M. Aird, K. A. Aravena, M. Ashby, M. L. N. Bothwell, M. Beelen, A. Bleem, L. E. de Breuck, C. Brodwin, M. Carlstrom, J. E. Chapman, S. C. Crawford, T. M. Dole, H. Dore, O. Everett, W. Flores-Cacho, I. Gonzalez, A. H. Gonzalez-Nuevo, J. Greve, T. R. Gullberg, B. Hezaveh, Y. D. Holder, G. P. Holzapfel, W. L. Keisler, R. Lagache, G. Ma, J. Malkan, M. Marrone, D. P. Mocanu, L. M. Montier, L. Murphy, E. J. Nesvadba, N. P. H. Omont, A. Pointecouteau, E. Puget, J. L. Reichardt, C. L. Rotermund, K. M. Scott, D. Serra, P. Spilker, J. S. Stalder, B. Stark, A. A. Story, K. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. D. Weiss, A. TI Probing star formation in the dense environments of z similar to 1 lensing haloes aligned with dusty star-forming galaxies detected with the South Pole Telescope SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE surveys; galaxies: formation; galaxies: statistics; diffuse radiation; submillimetre: galaxies ID OPTICALLY SELECTED GALAXIES; HERSCHEL-SPIRE INSTRUMENT; FUTURE LARGE SURVEYS; DARK-MATTER HALOES; SPT-SZ SURVEY; SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; NUMBER COUNTS; BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; CROSS-CORRELATION; REDSHIFT AB We probe star formation in the environments of massive (similar to 10(13) M-circle dot) dark matter haloes at redshifts of z similar to 1. This star formation is linked to a submillimetre clustering signal which we detect in maps of the Planck High Frequency Instrument that are stacked at the positions of a sample of high redshift (z > 2) strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) selected from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) 2500 deg(2) survey. The clustering signal has submillimetre colours which are consistent with the mean redshift of the foreground lensing haloes (z similar to 1). We report a mean excess of star formation rate (SFR) compared to the field, of (2700 +/- 700) M-circle dot yr(-1) from all galaxies contributing to this clustering signal within a radius of 3.5 arcmin from the SPT DSFGs. The magnitude of the Planck excess is in broad agreement with predictions of a current model of the cosmic infrared background. The model predicts that 80 per cent of the excess emission measured by Planck originates from galaxies lying in the neighbouring haloes of the lensing halo. Using Herschel maps of the same fields, we find a clear excess, relative to the field, of individual sources which contribute to the Planck excess. The mean excess SFR compared to the field is measured to be (370 +/- 40) M-circle dot yr(-1) per resolved, clustered source. Our findings suggest that the environments around these massive z similar to 1 lensing haloes host intense star formation out to about 2 Mpc. The flux enhancement due to clustering should also be considered when measuring flux densities of galaxies in Planck data. C1 [Welikala, N.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Bethermin, M.; de Breuck, C.; Gullberg, B.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Guery, D.; Beelen, A.; Dole, H.; Lagache, G.; Nesvadba, N. P. H.; Puget, J. L.; Serra, P.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, UMR8617, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Strandet, M.; Weiss, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Aird, K. A.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Aravena, M.] Univ Diego Portales, Nucl Astron, Fac Ingn, Santiago, Chile. [Ashby, M. L. N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bothwell, M.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Mocanu, L. M.; Story, K.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Story, K.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Mocanu, L. M.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chapman, S. C.; Rotermund, K. M.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Dore, O.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Dore, O.; Vieira, J. D.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Everett, W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Everett, W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Flores-Cacho, I.; Montier, L.; Pointecouteau, E.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Flores-Cacho, I.; Montier, L.; Pointecouteau, E.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.] SISSA, Astrophys Sect, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. [Greve, T. R.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Hezaveh, Y. D.; Keisler, R.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Holder, G. P.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Holzapfel, W. L.; Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lagache, G.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Malkan, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Marrone, D. P.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Murphy, E. J.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Omont, A.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Scott, D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Welikala, N (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. EM niraj.welikala@physics.ox.ac.uk RI Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin/I-3562-2014; OI Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin/0000-0003-1354-6822; Scott, Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; De Breuck, Carlos/0000-0002-6637-3315 FU National Science Foundation [PLR-1248097]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-1125897]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF 947]; US National Science Foundation [AST-1312950]; ESA Member States; NASA; ESA; CNES (France); CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI (Italy); CNR (Italy); INAF (Italy); NASA (USA); DoE (USA); Beecroft Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES); National Aeronautics and Space Administration; International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne; Spanish CSIC; European Social Fund; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [AYA2012-39475-C02-01]; Consolider-Ingenio [CSD2010-00064]; [ANR-11-BS56-015] FX We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments. The South Pole Telescope is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-1125897 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF 947. This paper is based on work supported by the US National Science Foundation under grant no. AST-1312950. Based on observations obtained with Planck (http://www.esa.int/Planck), an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States, NASA, and Canada. The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN, and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, including the technical or scientific activities in which they have been involved, can be found at http://www.rssd.esa.int/index.php?project=PLANCK&page=PlanckCollaboratio n. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA#2011.0.00957.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. APEX is a collaboration between the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie, the European Southern Observatory, and the Onsala Space Observatory. This work is based in part on observations made with Herschel, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA, and supported through an award issued by JPL/Caltech for OT2_jvieira_5. NW acknowledges support from the Beecroft Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology and previous support from the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Part of the research described in this paper was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. MS was supported for this research through a stipend from the International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne. IF-C acknowledges the support of grant ANR-11-BS56-015. JG-N acknowledges financial support from the Spanish CSIC for a JAE-DOC fellowship, cofunded by the European Social Fund, by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, AYA2012-39475-C02-01, and Consolider-Ingenio 2010, CSD2010-00064, projects. NW thanks B. Partridge, J. Delabrouille, D. Harrison, and P. Vielva for useful comments. NR 82 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 2 BP 1629 EP 1646 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2302 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TN UT WOS:000368007100036 ER PT J AU Babak, S Petiteau, A Sesana, A Brem, P Rosado, PA Taylor, SR Lassus, A Hessels, JWT Bassa, CG Burgay, M Caballero, RN Champion, DJ Cognard, I Desvignes, G Gair, JR Guillemot, L Janssen, GH Karuppusamy, R Kramer, M Lazarus, P Lee, KJ Lentati, L Liu, K Mingarelli, CMF Oslowski, S Perrodin, D Possenti, A Purver, MB Sanidas, S Smits, R Stappers, B Theureau, G Tiburzi, C van Haasteren, R Vecchio, A Verbiest, JPW AF Babak, S. Petiteau, A. Sesana, A. Brem, P. Rosado, P. A. Taylor, S. R. Lassus, A. Hessels, J. W. T. Bassa, C. G. Burgay, M. Caballero, R. N. Champion, D. J. Cognard, I. Desvignes, G. Gair, J. R. Guillemot, L. Janssen, G. H. Karuppusamy, R. Kramer, M. Lazarus, P. Lee, K. J. Lentati, L. Liu, K. Mingarelli, C. M. F. Oslowski, S. Perrodin, D. Possenti, A. Purver, M. B. Sanidas, S. Smits, R. Stappers, B. Theureau, G. Tiburzi, C. van Haasteren, R. Vecchio, A. Verbiest, J. P. W. TI European Pulsar Timing Array limits on continuous gravitational waves from individual supermassive black hole binaries SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; gravitational waves; pulsars: general ID RADIATION; COSMOLOGY; ASTRONOMY; SYSTEMS; SEARCH AB We have searched for continuous gravitational wave (CGW) signals produced by individually resolvable, circular supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) in the latest European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) data set, which consists of ultraprecise timing data on 41-ms pulsars. We develop frequentist and Bayesian detection algorithms to search both for monochromatic and frequency-evolving systems. None of the adopted algorithms show evidence for the presence of such a CGW signal, indicating that the data are best described by pulsar and radiometer noise only. Depending on the adopted detection algorithm, the 95 per cent upper limit on the sky-averaged strain amplitude lies in the range 6 x 10(-15) < A < 1.5 x 10(-14) at 5 nHz < f < 7 nHz. This limit varies by a factor of five, depending on the assumed source position and the most constraining limit is achieved towards the positions of the most sensitive pulsars in the timing array. The most robust upper limit - obtained via a full Bayesian analysis searching simultaneously over the signal and pulsar noise on the subset of ours six best pulsars - is A approximate to 10(-14). These limits, the most stringent to date at f < 10 nHz, exclude the presence of sub-centiparsec binaries with chirp mass M-c > 10(9) M-circle dot out to a distance of about 25 Mpc, and with M-c > 10(10) M-circle dot out to a distance of about 1Gpc (z approximate to 0.2). We show that state-of-the-art SMBHB population models predict < 1 per cent probability of detecting a CGW with the current EPTA data set, consistent with the reported non-detection. We stress, however, that PTA limits on individual CGW have improved by almost an order of magnitude in the last five years. The continuing advances in pulsar timing data acquisition and analysis techniques will allow for strong astrophysical constraints on the population of nearby SMBHBs in the coming years. C1 [Babak, S.; Sesana, A.; Brem, P.] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-14476 Golm, Germany. [Petiteau, A.] Univ Paris 07, APC UFR Phys, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Sesana, A.; Mingarelli, C. M. F.; Vecchio, A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Rosado, P. A.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Rosado, P. A.] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Taylor, S. R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Taylor, S. R.; Gair, J. R.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Lassus, A.; Caballero, R. N.; Champion, D. J.; Desvignes, G.; Karuppusamy, R.; Kramer, M.; Lazarus, P.; Liu, K.; Mingarelli, C. M. F.; Oslowski, S.; Verbiest, J. P. W.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Lassus, A.; Cognard, I.; Guillemot, L.; Theureau, G.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace LPC2E, F-45071 Orleans, France. [Hessels, J. W. T.; Bassa, C. G.; Janssen, G. H.] ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Hessels, J. W. T.; Sanidas, S.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bassa, C. G.; Janssen, G. H.; Kramer, M.; Purver, M. B.; Sanidas, S.; Stappers, B.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Burgay, M.; Perrodin, D.; Possenti, A.; Tiburzi, C.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, I-09047 Selargius, Italy. [Cognard, I.; Guillemot, L.; Theureau, G.] Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, CNRS, INSU, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Lee, K. J.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Lentati, L.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Mingarelli, C. M. F.] CALTECH, TAPIR Theoret Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Oslowski, S.; Verbiest, J. P. W.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Theureau, G.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab Univers & Theories LUTh, Observ Paris, CNRS,INSU, F-92190 Meudon, France. [Tiburzi, C.] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Fis, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy. RP Babak, S (reprint author), Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Muhlenberg 1, D-14476 Golm, Germany. EM stba@aei.mpg.de; petiteau@apc.in2p3.fr; asesana@star.sr.bham.ac.uk RI Perrodin, Delphine/L-1916-2016; Vecchio, Alberto/F-8310-2015; OI Perrodin, Delphine/0000-0002-1806-2483; Vecchio, Alberto/0000-0002-6254-1617; Taylor, Stephen/0000-0003-0264-1453; Oslowski, Stefan/0000-0003-0289-0732 FU 'Programme National de Cosmologie and Galaxies' (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU, France; STFC in the UK; Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research NWO; Higher Education Funding Council for England; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Vulcan cluster of MPIfG-AEI (Golm-Germany); National Science Foundation [PHYS-1066293]; Junior Research Fellowship at Trinity Hall College, Cambridge University; NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory; NASA; Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme; Royal Society; NWO Vidi fellowship; International Max Planck Research School Bonn/Cologne; Bonn-Cologne Graduate School; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11373011]; NASA Einstein Fellowship [PF3-140116]; ERC [337062]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX Part of this work is based on observations with the 100-m telescope of the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie (MPIfR) at Effelsberg. The Nancay radio Observatory is operated by the Paris Observatory, associated with the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). We acknowledge financial support from 'Programme National de Cosmologie and Galaxies' (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU, France. Pulsar research at the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics and the observations using the Lovell Telescope is supported by a consolidated grant from the STFC in the UK. The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is operated by the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON) with support from The Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research NWO.; This research was performed using several supercomputers: the CCIN2P3 computer cluster of the CNRS-IN2P3 (Lyon-France), the ARAGO computer cluster of the FranA ois Arago Centre (Paris-France), the Darwin Supercomputer of the University of Cambridge High Performance Computing Service (http://www.hpc.cam.ac.uk/), provided by Dell Inc using Strategic Research Infrastructure Funding from the Higher Education Funding Council for England and funding from the Science and Technology Facilities Council, and the Vulcan cluster of MPIfG-AEI (Golm-Germany). The authors acknowledge the support of VirtualData from LABEX P2IO for providing computing resources through its StratusLab cloud. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant no. PHYS-1066293 and the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics.; LL was supported by a Junior Research Fellowship at Trinity Hall College, Cambridge University. ST was supported by appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. CMFM was supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme. AS and JG are supported by the Royal Society. SAS acknowledges funding from an NWO Vidi fellowship (PI JWTH). RNC acknowledges the support of the International Max Planck Research School Bonn/Cologne and the Bonn-Cologne Graduate School. KJL is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 11373011). RvH is supported by NASA Einstein Fellowship grant PF3-140116. JWTH acknowledges funding from an NWO Vidi fellowship and ERC Starting Grant 'DRAGNET' (337062). PL acknowledges the support of the International Max Planck Research School Bonn/Cologne. SO is supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. NR 59 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 2 BP 1665 EP 1679 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2092 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TN UT WOS:000368007100039 ER PT J AU Reardon, DJ Hobbs, G Coles, W Levin, Y Keith, MJ Bailes, M Bhat, NDR Burke-Spolaor, S Dai, S Kerr, M Lasky, PD Manchester, RN Oslowski, S Ravi, V Shannon, RM van Straten, W Toomey, L Wang, J Wen, L You, XP Zhu, XJ AF Reardon, D. J. Hobbs, G. Coles, W. Levin, Y. Keith, M. J. Bailes, M. Bhat, N. D. R. Burke-Spolaor, S. Dai, S. Kerr, M. Lasky, P. D. Manchester, R. N. Oslowski, S. Ravi, V. Shannon, R. M. van Straten, W. Toomey, L. Wang, J. Wen, L. You, X. P. Zhu, X. -J. TI Timing analysis for 20 millisecond pulsars in the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE astrometry; ephemerides; parallaxes; proper motions; pulsars: general ID GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; BINARY PULSAR; PRECISION; LIMITS; NOISE; PARALLAXES; ASTROMETRY; J1713+0747; DISTANCES AB We present timing models for 20 millisecond pulsars in the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. The precision of the parameter measurements in these models has been improved over earlier results by using longer data sets and modelling the non-stationary noise. We describe a new noise modelling procedure and demonstrate its effectiveness using simulated data. Our methodology includes the addition of annual dispersion measure (DM) variations to the timing models of some pulsars. We present the first significant parallax measurements for PSRs J1024-0719, J1045-4509, J1600-3053, J1603-7202, and J1730-2304, as well as the first significant measurements of some post-Keplerian orbital parameters in six binary pulsars, caused by kinematic effects. Improved Shapiro delay measurements have resulted in much improved pulsar mass measurements, particularly for PSRs J0437-4715 and J1909-3744 with M-p = 1.44 +/- 0.07 and 1.47 +/- 0.03 M-circle dot, respectively. The improved orbital period-derivative measurement for PSR J0437-4715 results in a derived distance measurement at the 0.16 per cent level of precision, D = 156.79 +/- 0.25 pc, one of the most fractionally precise distance measurements of any star to date. C1 [Reardon, D. J.; Levin, Y.; Lasky, P. D.] Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Monash Ctr Astrophys MoCA, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Reardon, D. J.; Hobbs, G.; Dai, S.; Kerr, M.; Manchester, R. N.; Shannon, R. M.; Toomey, L.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Coles, W.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Keith, M. J.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bailes, M.; Ravi, V.; van Straten, W.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Bhat, N. D. R.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Burke-Spolaor, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Dai, S.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Dai, S.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Oslowski, S.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Oslowski, S.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Ravi, V.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Wang, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Astron Observ, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, Peoples R China. [Wen, L.; Zhu, X. -J.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [You, X. P.] Southwest Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China. RP Reardon, DJ (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Monash Ctr Astrophys MoCA, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM daniel.reardon@monash.edu RI Zhu, Xingjiang/E-1501-2016; OI Zhu, Xingjiang/0000-0001-7049-6468; Oslowski, Stefan/0000-0003-0289-0732 FU Commonwealth of Australia; ARC [FT110100384, FT120100595, DP140102578]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Science and Industry Endowment Fund of Australia; Australian Research Council; NSFC [11403086, U1231120]; West Light Foundation of CAS [XBBS201322]; FRFCU project [XDJK2015B012]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX We thank J. Verbiest for assistance with the use of the Lutz-Kelker bias correction webpage, and the referee for their useful feedback. The Parkes radio telescope is part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. YL and GH are recipients of ARC Future Fellowships (respectively, FT110100384 and FT120100595). YL, MB, WvS, and PDL are supported by ARC Discovery Project DP140102578. SO is supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. VR is a recipient of a John Stocker postgraduate scholarship from the Science and Industry Endowment Fund of Australia. LW and XZ acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council. J-BW is supported by NSFC project no. 11403086 and West Light Foundation of CAS XBBS201322.XPY is supported by NSFC project U1231120, FRFCU project XDJK2015B012, and China Scholarship Council (CSC). NR 67 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 2 BP 1751 EP 1769 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2395 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TN UT WOS:000368007100046 ER PT J AU Bruno, N Pini, V Martin, A Verma, VB Nam, SW Mirin, R Lita, A Marsili, F Korzh, B Bussieres, F Sangouard, N Zbinden, H Gisin, N Thew, R AF Bruno, Natalia Pini, Vittorio Martin, Anthony Verma, Varun B. Nam, Sae Woo Mirin, Richard Lita, Adriana Marsili, Francesco Korzh, Boris Bussieres, Felix Sangouard, Nicolas Zbinden, Hugo Gisin, Nicolas Thew, Rob TI Heralded amplification of photonic qubits SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID NOISELESS LINEAR AMPLIFICATION; QUANTUM COMMUNICATION; STATE; CRYPTOGRAPHY; ENTANGLEMENT AB We demonstrate postselection free heralded qubit amplification for Time-Bin qubits and single photon states in an all-fibre, telecom-wavelength, scheme that highlights the simplicity, stability and potential for fully integrated photonic solutions. Exploiting high-efficiency superconducting detectors, the gain, fidelity and the performance of the amplifier are studied as a function of loss. We also demonstrate the first heralded single photon amplifier with independent sources. This provides a significant advance towards demonstrating device-independent quantum key distribution as well as fundamental tests of quantum mechanics over extended distances. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Bruno, Natalia; Pini, Vittorio; Martin, Anthony; Korzh, Boris; Bussieres, Felix; Zbinden, Hugo; Gisin, Nicolas; Thew, Rob] Univ Geneva, Grp Appl Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Verma, Varun B.; Nam, Sae Woo; Mirin, Richard; Lita, Adriana] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Marsili, Francesco] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Sangouard, Nicolas] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. RP Thew, R (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Grp Appl Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. EM robert.thew@unige.ch RI Bussieres, Felix/E-5384-2011; Martin, Anthony/H-9112-2013; Thew, Robert/B-2407-2009 OI Bussieres, Felix/0000-0003-0234-175X; Martin, Anthony/0000-0003-1664-2721; Thew, Robert/0000-0003-0188-6053 FU Swiss NCCR QSIT; EU project SIQS; EU project DIQIP; SNSF [PP00P2 150579]; DARPA Quiness program FX The authors would like to thank Alexey Tiranov for discussions. This work was supported by the Swiss NCCR QSIT, the EU projects SIQS and DIQIP and the DARPA Quiness program and the SNSF (Grant No. PP00P2 150579). Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 14 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 125 EP 133 DI 10.1364/OE.24.000125 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA DA7SQ UT WOS:000368004800013 PM 26832244 ER PT J AU Schreiber, E Dooley, KL Vahlbruch, H Affeldt, C Bisht, A Leong, JR Lough, J Prijatelj, M Slutsky, J Was, M Wittel, H Danzmann, K Grote, H AF Schreiber, E. Dooley, K. L. Vahlbruch, H. Affeldt, C. Bisht, A. Leong, J. R. Lough, J. Prijatelj, M. Slutsky, J. Was, M. Wittel, H. Danzmann, K. Grote, H. TI Alignment sensing and control for squeezed vacuum states of light SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE DETECTORS; INTERFEROMETER AB Beam alignment is an important practical aspect of the application of squeezed states of light. Misalignments in the detection of squeezed light result in a reduction of the observable squeezing level. In the case of squeezed vacuum fields that contain only very few photons, special measures must be taken in order to sense and control the alignment of the essentially dark beam. The GEO600 gravitational wave detector employs a squeezed vacuum source to improve its detection sensitivity beyond the limits set by classical quantum shot noise. Here, we present our design and implementation of an alignment sensing and control scheme that ensures continuous optimal alignment of the squeezed vacuum field at GEO600 on long time scales in the presence of free-swinging optics. This first demonstration of a squeezed light automatic alignment system will be of particular interest for future long-term applications of squeezed vacuum states of light. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America C1 [Schreiber, E.; Dooley, K. L.; Vahlbruch, H.; Affeldt, C.; Bisht, A.; Leong, J. R.; Lough, J.; Wittel, H.; Danzmann, K.; Grote, H.] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Dooley, K. L.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Prijatelj, M.] EGO, I-56021 Cascina, Pi, Italy. [Slutsky, J.] NASA, CRESST, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Slutsky, J.] NASA, Gravitat Astrophys Lab, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Was, M.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules LAPP, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RP Schreiber, E (reprint author), Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, Callinstr 38, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. EM schreiber@ligo.org FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); University of Glasgow in the UK; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF); state of Lower Saxony in Germany; DFG [SFB/Transregio 7] FX The authors are grateful for support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the University of Glasgow in the UK, the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), and the state of Lower Saxony in Germany. This work was partly supported by DFG grant SFB/Transregio 7 Gravitational Wave Astronomy. This document has been assigned LIGO document number P1500056. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 146 EP 152 DI 10.1364/OE.24.000146 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA DA7SQ UT WOS:000368004800015 PM 26832246 ER PT J AU Ding, JC Yang, P Holz, RE Platnick, S Meyer, KG Vaughan, MA Hu, YX King, MD AF Ding, Jiachen Yang, Ping Holz, Robert E. Platnick, Steven Meyer, Kerry G. Vaughan, Mark A. Hu, Yongxiang King, Michael D. TI Ice cloud backscatter study and comparison with CALIPSO and MODIS satellite data SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-SCATTERING PROPERTIES; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; CIRRUS CLOUDS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; PART I; NONSPHERICAL PARTICLES; LIDAR OBSERVATIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB An invariant imbedding T-matrix (II-TM) method is used to calculate the single-scattering properties of 8-column aggregate ice crystals. The II-TM based backscatter values are compared with those calculated by the improved geometric-optics method (IGOM) to refine the backscattering properties of the ice cloud radiative model used in the MODIS Collection 6 cloud optical property product. The integrated attenuated backscatter-to-cloud optical depth (IAB-ICOD) relation is derived from simulations using a CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite) lidar simulator based on a Monte Carlo radiative transfer model. By comparing the simulation results and co-located CALIPSO and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) observations, the non-uniform zonal distribution of ice clouds over ocean is characterized in terms of a mixture of smooth and rough ice particles. The percentage of the smooth particles is approximately 6% and 9% for tropical and midlatitude ice clouds, respectively. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America C1 [Ding, Jiachen; Yang, Ping] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. [Holz, Robert E.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Platnick, Steven; Meyer, Kerry G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Meyer, Kerry G.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Columbia, MD USA. [Vaughan, Mark A.; Hu, Yongxiang] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [King, Michael D.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Yang, P (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77842 USA. EM pyang@tamu.edu RI Yang, Ping/B-4590-2011; King, Michael/C-7153-2011; Meyer, Kerry/E-8095-2016; Hu, Yongxiang/K-4426-2012; Platnick, Steven/J-9982-2014; Ding, Jiachen/K-3672-2013 OI King, Michael/0000-0003-2645-7298; Meyer, Kerry/0000-0001-5361-9200; Platnick, Steven/0000-0003-3964-3567; Ding, Jiachen/0000-0003-4928-6698 FU NASA [NNX11AK37G]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-1338440]; endowment funds [TAMU 512231-10000] FX This study is supported by a NASA grant (NNX11AK37G) and a National Science Foundation (NSF) grant (AGS-1338440) and partially by the endowment funds (TAMU 512231-10000) related to the David Bullock Harris Chair in Geosciences at the College of Geosciences, Texas A& M University. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 620 EP 636 DI 10.1364/OE.24.000620 PG 17 WC Optics SC Optics GA DA7SQ UT WOS:000368004800061 PM 26832292 ER PT J AU El Ghazaly, MOA Behery, SA Almuqhim, AA Almalki, MH Alshammari, SM Alrashdi, AO Alamer, HS Jabr, AS Lanazi, AZ AF El Ghazaly, M. O. A. Behery, S. A. Almuqhim, A. A. Almalki, M. H. Alshammari, S. M. Alrashdi, A. O. Alamer, H. S. Jabr, A. S. Lanazi, A. Z. TI An ion-beam injection line for the ELASR storage ring at KACST SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article DE Ion-beam injector; Electrostatic storage ring; Ion-optics; Ion-extraction and focusing; Beam line simulation AB A versatile ion injector beam-line has been developed for the specific use in the multi-purpose low-energy, storage ring facility at the King Abdulaziz City for Sciences and Technology (KACST) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It incorporates a purpose-developed, high-resolution mass analyzing magnet and it is thereby dedicated to provide the ELASR storage ring with beams of ions of specific mass. It is also intended to operate independently as a single-pass experiment. This versatile ion-injection line was constructed in a staged approach, in which an axial injection version was built first, commissioned and is currently operating. The injection line in its final design is now being assembled and commissioned at KACST. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [El Ghazaly, M. O. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Astrophys & Space Sci Sect, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [El Ghazaly, M. O. A.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Condensed Matter & Nanosci, B-1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium. [Behery, S. A.; Almuqhim, A. A.; Almalki, M. H.; Alshammari, S. M.; Alrashdi, A. O.; Alamer, H. S.; Jabr, A. S.; Lanazi, A. Z.] KACST, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia. RP El Ghazaly, MOA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Astrophys & Space Sci Sect, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Mohamed.El.Ghazaly@jpl.nasa.gov FU King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), through the electrostatic storage ring (ELASR) facility project [162-28, 31565/PI: MOA_El Ghazaly] FX This work was funded by, and completed at, the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), through the electrostatic storage ring (ELASR) facility project, Grants no. 162-28 and 31565/PI: MOA_El Ghazaly. MOAE, the Principal Investigator (PI) of this project, is grateful to KACST for the award of such Grants. The authors gratefully acknowledge the commitment and support to this project, by Prince Dr. Turki Bin Saud Al-Saud; the president of the King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology - KACST. The analyzing magnet, presented herein, was developed and construction by Dehnel - Particle Accelerator Components and Engineering, Inc. (D-PACE) in Canada, www.d-pace.com. Engineers at D-PACE in particular M. Dehnel and T. Stewart, are warmly thanked. Several persons have contributed to the development of ELASR storage ring facility project. The PI of this project, is grateful to all of them and warmly thank all of his co-workers in particular, C. Welsch, H. Reich-Sprenger, P. Defrance and S. Hmeida. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 EI 1872-9576 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 806 BP 36 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.nima.2015.09.082 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA CW2XJ UT WOS:000364856100006 ER PT J AU Liu, HB Galvan-Madrid, R Vorobyov, EI Kospal, A Rodriguez, LF Dunham, MM Hirano, N Henning, T Takami, M Dong, RB Hashimoto, J Hasegawa, Y Carrasco-Gonzalez, C AF Liu, Hauyu Baobab Galvan-Madrid, Roberto Vorobyov, Eduard I. Kospal, Agnes Rodriguez, Luis F. Dunham, Michael M. Hirano, Naomi Henning, Thomas Takami, Michihiro Dong, Ruobing Hashimoto, Jun Hasegawa, Yasuhiro Carrasco-Gonzalez, Carlos TI ABSENCE OF SIGNIFICANT COOL DISKS IN YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS EXHIBITING REPETITIVE OPTICAL OUTBURSTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE stars: formation ID ORION-NEBULA-CLUSTER; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; STAR-FORMATION; TAURUS-AURIGA; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; MOLECULAR CLOUD; ACCRETION; EVOLUTION; CONTINUUM AB We report Submillimeter Array 1.3 mm high angular resolution observations toward the four EXor-type outbursting young stellar objects VY Tau, V1118 Ori, V1143 Ori, and NY Ori. The data mostly show low dust masses Mdust in the associated circumstellar disks. Among the sources, NY Ori possesses a relatively massive disk with M-dust similar to 9 x 10(-4) M-circle dot. V1118 Ori has a marginal detection equivalent to M-dust similar to 6 x 10(-5) M-circle dot. V1143 Ori has a non-detection also equivalent to M-dust < 6 x 10(-5) M-circle dot. For the nearest source, VY Tau, we get a surprising non-detection that provides a stringent upper limit M-dust < 6 x 10(-6) M-circle dot. We interpret our findings as suggesting that the gas and dust reservoirs that feed the short-duration, repetitive optical outbursts seen in some EXors may be limited to the small-scale, innermost region of their circumstellar disks. This hot dust may have escaped our detection limits. Follow-up, more sensitive millimeter observations are needed to improve our understanding of the triggering mechanisms of EXor-type outbursts. C1 [Liu, Hauyu Baobab; Hirano, Naomi; Takami, Michihiro; Dong, Ruobing] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Liu, Hauyu Baobab] European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Galvan-Madrid, Roberto; Rodriguez, Luis F.; Carrasco-Gonzalez, Carlos] UNAM, Inst Radioastron & Astrofis, AP 3-72, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Vorobyov, Eduard I.] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, Tuerkenschanzstr 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Vorobyov, Eduard I.] Southern Fed Univ, Inst Phys Res, Rostov Na Donu 344090, Russia. [Kospal, Agnes] Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Konkoly Observ, POB 67, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Henning, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Dong, Ruobing] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 147 Mar Ave, Berkeley, CA 94708 USA. [Hashimoto, Jun] Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Hasegawa, Yasuhiro] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Liu, HB (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan.; Liu, HB (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM baobabyoo@gmail.com FU ASIAA; Momentum grant of the MTA CSFK Lendulet Disk Research Group; Russian Ministry of Education and Science [3.961.2014/K]; RFBR [14-02-00719]; Submillimeter Array through an SMA Postdoctoral Fellowship; JPL/Caltech; MOST [104-2119-M-001-018]; [UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT IA101715] FX H.B.L. thanks the support from ASIAA and the SMA staff. H.B.L. thanks T. Muto and S. Hirose for useful discussions. This research was done with the support of program UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT IA101715. This work was supported by the Momentum grant of the MTA CSFK Lendulet Disk Research Group. E.I.V. acknowledges the support from the Russian Ministry of Education and Science Grant 3.961.2014/K and RFBR grant 14-02-00719. M.M.D. acknowledges support from the Submillimeter Array through an SMA Postdoctoral Fellowship. Y.H. is supported by JPL/Caltech. We acknowledge the MOST grant 104-2119-M-001-018. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR L29 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/816/2/L29 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7AK UT WOS:000369370500011 ER PT J AU Vu, TH Hodyss, R Choukroun, M Johnson, PV AF Vu, Tuan H. Hodyss, Robert Choukroun, Mathieu Johnson, Paul V. TI CHEMISTRY OF FROZEN SODIUM-MAGNESIUM-SULFATE-CHLORIDE BRINES: IMPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE EXPRESSION OF EUROPA'S OCEAN COMPOSITION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: oceans ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; RAMAN-SPECTRA; SALTS; ACID AB The composition of Europa's subsurface ocean is a critical determinant of its habitability. However, our current understanding of the ocean composition is limited to its expression on the surface. This work investigates experimentally the composition of mixed sodium-magnesium-sulfate-chloride solutions when frozen to 100 K, simulating conditions that likely occur as ocean fluids are emplaced onto Europa's surface. Micro-Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize phase composition of the frozen brines at 100 K. Our results show that solutions containing Na+, Cl-, Mg2+, and SO42- preferentially crystallize into Na2SO4 and MgCl2 hydrated minerals upon freezing, even at elevated [Mg2+]/[Na+] ratios. The detection of epsomite (MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O) on Europa's surface, if confirmed, may thus imply a relatively sodium-poor ocean composition or a radiolytic process that converts MgCl2 to MgSO4 as suggested by Brown & Hand. The formation of NaCl on the surface, while dependent upon a number of factors such as freezing rate, may indicate an ocean significantly more concentrated in sodium than in magnesium. C1 [Vu, Tuan H.; Hodyss, Robert; Choukroun, Mathieu; Johnson, Paul V.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Hodyss, Robert; Choukroun, Mathieu; Johnson, Paul V.] NASA, Astrobiol Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Johnson, PV (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.; Johnson, PV (reprint author), NASA, Astrobiol Inst, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM Paul.V.Johnson@jpl.nasa.gov RI Choukroun, Mathieu/F-3146-2017; Vu, Tuan/F-5223-2017; Johnson, Paul/D-4001-2009 OI Choukroun, Mathieu/0000-0001-7447-9139; Vu, Tuan/0000-0001-6839-9765; Johnson, Paul/0000-0002-0186-8456 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); NASA Astrobiology Institute (Icy Worlds) FX This research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). We gratefully acknowledge funding from the NASA Astrobiology Institute (Icy Worlds). Government sponsorship is acknowledged. We also thank Mikhail Zolotov for helpful comments on improving the manuscript. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 23 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR L26 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/816/2/L26 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7AK UT WOS:000369370500008 ER PT J AU Aartsen, MG Abraham, K Ackermann, M Adams, J Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Ahrens, M Altmann, D Anderson, T Ansseaus, I Archinger, M Arguelles, C Arlen, TC Auffenberg, J Bai, X Barwick, SW Baum, V Bay, R Beatty, JJ Tjus, JB Becker, KH Beiser, E Benzvi, S Berghaus, P Berley, D Bernardini, E Bernhard, A Besson, DZ Binder, G Bindig, D Bissoki, M Blaufuss, E Blumenthal, J Boersma, DJ Bohm, C Borner, M Bos, F Bose, D Boser, S Botner, O Braun, J Brayeur, L Bretz, HP Buzinsky, N Casey, J Casier, M Cheung, E Chirkin, D Christov, A Clark, K Classen, L Coenders, S Cowen, DF Silva, AHC Daughhetee, J Davis, JC Day, M de Andre, JPAM De Clercq, C Rosendo, ED Dembinski, H De Ridder, S Desiati, P de Vries, KD de Wasseige, G de With, M DeYoung, T Diaz-Velez, JC di Lorenzo, V Dumm, JP Dunkman, M Eagan, R Eberhardt, B Ehrhardt, T Eichmann, B Euler, S Evenson, PA Fadiran, O Fahey, S Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feintzeig, J Felde, J Filimonov, K Finley, C Fischer-Wasels, T Flis, S Fosig, CC Fucus, T Gaisser, TK Gaior, R Gallagher, J Gerhardt, L Ghorbani, K Gier, D Gladstone, L Glagla, M Glusenkamp, T Goldschmidt, A Golup, G Gonzalez, JG Gora, D Grant, D Groii, JC Gross, A Ha, C Haack, C Ismail, AH Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hansen, E Hansmann, B Hanson, K Hebecker, D Heereman, D Helbing, K Hellauer, R Hickford, S Hignigiit, J Hill, GC Hoffman, KD Hoffmann, R Holzapfel, K Homeier, A Hoshina, K Huang, F Huber, M Huelsnitz, W Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K In, S Ishihara, A Jacobi, E Japaridze, GS Jero, K Jurkovic, M Kappes, A Karg, T Karle, A Kauer, M Keivani, A Kelley, JL Kemp, J Kheirandish, A Kiryluk, J Klas, J Klein, SR Kohnen, G Koirala, R Kolanoski, H Konietz, R Kopke, L Kopper, C Kopper, S Koskinen, DJ Kowalski, M Krings, K Kroll, G Kroll, M Kunnen, J Kurahashi, N Kuwabara, T Labare, M Lanfranchi, JL Larson, MJ Lesiak-Bzdak, M Leuermann, M Leuner, J Lu, L Lunemann, J Madsen, J Maggi, G Mahn, KBM Maruyama, R Mase, K Matis, HS Maunu, R McNally, F Meagher, K Medici, M Meli, A Menne, T Merino, G Meuress, T Miarecki, S Middell, E Middlemas, E Mohrmann, L Montaruli, T Morse, R Nahnhauer, R Naumann, U Neer, G Niederhausen, H Nowicki, SC Nygren, DR Obertacke, A Olivas, A Omairat, A O'Murchadha, A Palczewski, T Pandya, H Pankova, DV Paul, L Pepper, JA de los Heros, CP Pfendner, C Pieloth, D Pinat, E Posselt, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Putz, J Quinnan, M Raab, C Radel, L Rameez, M Rawlins, K Reimann, R Relich, M Resconi, E Rhode, W Richman, M Richter, S Riedel, B Robertson, S Rongen, M Rott, C Ruhe, T Ryckbosch, D Saba, SM Sabbatini, L Sander, HG Sandrock, A Sandroos, J Sarkar, S Schatto, K Scheriau, F Schimp, M Schmidt, T Schmitz, M Schoenen, S Schoneberg, S Schonwald, A Schulte, L Seckel, D Seunarine, S Smith, MWE Soldin, D Song, M Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stahlberg, M Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Stanisha, NA Stasik, A Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Stossl, A Strom, R Strotjohann, NL Sullivan, GW Sutherland, M Taavola, H Taboada, I Tatar, J Ter-Antonyan, S Terliuk, A Tesic, G Tilav, S Toale, PA Tobin, MN Toscano, S Tosi, D Tselengidou, M Turcati, A Unger, E Usner, M Vallecorsa, S Vandenbroucke, J van Eundhoven, N Vanheule, S van Santen, J Veenkamp, J Vehring, M Voge, M Vraeghe, M Walck, C Wallace, A Wallraff, M Wandkowsky, N Weaver, C Wendt, C Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Whitehorn, N Wiebe, K Wiebusch, CH Wille, L Williams, DR Wissing, H Wolf, M Wood, TR Woschnagg, K Xu, DL Xu, XW Xu, Y Yanez, JP Yodh, G Yoshida, S Zoll, M AF Aartsen, M. G. Abraham, K. Ackermann, M. Adams, J. Aguilar, J. A. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, M. Altmann, D. Anderson, T. Ansseaus, I. Archinger, M. Arguelles, C. Arlen, T. C. Auffenberg, J. Bai, X. Barwick, S. W. Baum, V. Bay, R. Beatty, J. J. Tjus, J. Becker Becker, K-H. Beiser, E. Benzvi, S. Berghaus, P. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Bernhard, A. Besson, D. Z. Binder, G. Bindig, D. Bissoki, M. Blaufuss, E. Blumenthal, J. Boersma, D. J. Bohm, C. Boerner, M. Bos, F. Bose, D. Boeser, S. Botner, O. Braun, J. Brayeur, L. Bretz, H-P Buzinsky, N. Casey, J. Casier, M. Cheung, E. Chirkin, D. Christov, A. Clark, K. Classen, L. Coenders, S. Cowen, D. F. Silva, A. H. Cruz Daughhetee, J. Davis, J. C. Day, M. de Andre, J. P. A. M. De Clercq, C. del Pino Rosendo, E. Dembinski, H. De Ridder, S. Desiati, P. de Vries, K. D. de Wasseige, G. de With, M. DeYoung, T. Diaz-Velez, J. C. di Lorenzo, V. Dumm, J. P. Dunkman, M. Eagan, R. Eberhardt, B. Ehrhardt, T. Eichmann, B. Euler, S. Evenson, P. A. Fadiran, O. Fahey, S. Fazely, A. R. Fedynitch, A. Feintzeig, J. Felde, J. Filimonov, K. Finley, C. Fischer-Wasels, T. Flis, S. Foesig, C-C. Fucus, T. Gaisser, T. K. Gaior, R. Gallagher, J. Gerhardt, L. Ghorbani, K. Gier, D. Gladstone, L. Glagla, M. Gluesenkamp, T. Goldschmidt, A. Golup, G. Gonzalez, J. G. Gora, D. Grant, D. Groii, J. C. Gross, A. Ha, C. Haack, C. Ismail, A. Haj Hallgren, A. Halzen, F. Hansen, E. Hansmann, B. Hanson, K. Hebecker, D. Heereman, D. Helbing, K. Hellauer, R. Hickford, S. Hignigiit, J. Hill, G. C. Hoffman, K. D. Hoffmann, R. Holzapfel, K. Homeier, A. Hoshina, K. Huang, F. Huber, M. Huelsnitz, W. Hulth, P. O. Hultqvist, K. In, S. Ishihara, A. Jacobi, E. Japaridze, G. S. Jero, K. Jurkovic, M. Kappes, A. Karg, T. Karle, A. Kauer, M. Keivani, A. Kelley, J. L. Kemp, J. Kheirandish, A. Kiryluk, J. Klaes, J. Klein, S. R. Kohnen, G. Koirala, R. Kolanoski, H. Konietz, R. Koepke, L. Kopper, C. Kopper, S. Koskinen, D. J. Kowalski, M. Krings, K. Kroll, G. Kroll, M. Kunnen, J. Kurahashi, N. Kuwabara, T. Labare, M. Lanfranchi, J. L. Larson, M. J. Lesiak-Bzdak, M. Leuermann, M. Leuner, J. Lu, L. Lunemann, J. Madsen, J. Maggi, G. Mahn, K. B. M. Maruyama, R. Mase, K. Matis, H. S. Maunu, R. McNally, F. Meagher, K. Medici, M. Meli, A. Menne, T. Merino, G. Meuress, T. Miarecki, S. Middell, E. Middlemas, E. Mohrmann, L. Montaruli, T. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, R. Naumann, U. Neer, G. Niederhausen, H. Nowicki, S. C. Nygren, D. R. Obertacke, A. Olivas, A. Omairat, A. O'Murchadha, A. Palczewski, T. Pandya, H. Pankova, D. V. Paul, L. Pepper, J. A. Perez de los Heros, C. Pfendner, C. Pieloth, D. Pinat, E. Posselt, J. Price, P. B. Przybylski, G. T. Puetz, J. Quinnan, M. Raab, C. Raedel, L. Rameez, M. Rawlins, K. Reimann, R. Relich, M. Resconi, E. Rhode, W. Richman, M. Richter, S. Riedel, B. Robertson, S. Rongen, M. Rott, C. Ruhe, T. Ryckbosch, D. Saba, S. M. Sabbatini, L. Sander, H. -G. Sandrock, A. Sandroos, J. Sarkar, S. Schatto, K. Scheriau, F. Schimp, M. Schmidt, T. Schmitz, M. Schoenen, S. Schoeneberg, S. Schoenwald, A. Schulte, L. Seckel, D. Seunarine, S. Smith, M. W. E. Soldin, D. Song, M. Spiczak, G. M. Spiering, C. Stahlberg, M. Stamatikos, M. Stanev, T. Stanisha, N. A. Stasik, A. Stezelberger, T. Stokstad, R. G. Stoessl, A. Strom, R. Strotjohann, N. L. Sullivan, G. W. Sutherland, M. Taavola, H. Taboada, I. Tatar, J. Ter-Antonyan, S. Terliuk, A. Tesic, G. Tilav, S. Toale, P. A. Tobin, M. N. Toscano, S. Tosi, D. Tselengidou, M. Turcati, A. Unger, E. Usner, M. Vallecorsa, S. Vandenbroucke, J. van Eundhoven, N. Vanheule, S. van Santen, J. Veenkamp, J. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Vraeghe, M. Walck, C. Wallace, A. Wallraff, M. Wandkowsky, N. Weaver, Ch Wendt, C. Westerhoff, S. Whelan, B. J. Whitehorn, N. Wiebe, K. Wiebusch, C. H. Wille, L. Williams, D. R. Wissing, H. Wolf, M. Wood, T. R. Woschnagg, K. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, Y. Yanez, J. P. Yodh, G. Yoshida, S. Zoll, M. TI THE SEARCH FOR TRANSIENT ASTROPHYSICAL NEUTRINO EMISSION WITH ICECUBE-DEEPCORE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; gamma-ray burst: general; neutrinos; supernovae: general ID TRACK RECONSTRUCTION; POINT SOURCES; TELESCOPES; PERFORMANCE; CONNECTION; GENERATOR; JETS AB We present the results of a search for astrophysical sources of brief transient neutrino emission using IceCube and DeepCore data acquired between 2012 May 15 and 2013 April 30. While the search methods employed in this analysis are similar to those used in previous IceCube point source searches, the data set being examined consists of a sample of predominantly sub-TeV muon-neutrinos from the Northern Sky (-5 degrees < delta < 90 degrees) obtained through a novel event selection method. This search represents a first attempt by IceCube to identify astrophysical neutrino sources in this relatively unexplored energy range. The reconstructed direction and time of arrival of neutrino events are used to search for any significant self-correlation in the data set. The data revealed no significant source of transient neutrino emission. This result has been used to construct limits at timescales ranging from roughly 1 s to 10 days for generic soft-spectra transients. We also present limits on a specific model of neutrino emission from soft jets in core-collapse supernovae. C1 [Aartsen, M. G.; Hill, G. C.; Robertson, S.; Wallace, A.; Whelan, B. J.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Abraham, K.; Bernhard, A.; Coenders, S.; Gross, A.; Holzapfel, K.; Huber, M.; Jurkovic, M.; Krings, K.; Resconi, E.; Turcati, A.; Veenkamp, J.] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ackermann, M.; Berghaus, P.; Bernardini, E.; Bretz, H-P; Silva, A. H. Cruz; Gluesenkamp, T.; Gora, D.; Jacobi, E.; Karg, T.; Kowalski, M.; Middell, E.; Mohrmann, L.; Nahnhauer, R.; Schoenwald, A.; Spiering, C.; Stasik, A.; Stoessl, A.; Strotjohann, N. L.; Terliuk, A.; Usner, M.; van Santen, J.; Yanez, J. P.] DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. [Adams, J.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Aguilar, J. A.; Ansseaus, I.; Heereman, D.; Meagher, K.; Meuress, T.; O'Murchadha, A.; Pinat, E.; Raab, C.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Ahlers, M.; Arguelles, C.; Beiser, E.; Benzvi, S.; Braun, J.; Chirkin, D.; Day, M.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Fadiran, O.; Fahey, S.; Feintzeig, J.; Ghorbani, K.; Gladstone, L.; Halzen, F.; Hanson, K.; Hoshina, K.; Jero, K.; Karle, A.; Kauer, M.; Kelley, J. L.; Kheirandish, A.; McNally, F.; Merino, G.; Middlemas, E.; Morse, R.; Richter, S.; Sabbatini, L.; Tobin, M. N.; Tosi, D.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Wandkowsky, N.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.; Wille, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ahlers, M.; Arguelles, C.; Beiser, E.; Benzvi, S.; Braun, J.; Chirkin, D.; Day, M.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Fadiran, O.; Fahey, S.; Feintzeig, J.; Ghorbani, K.; Gladstone, L.; Halzen, F.; Hanson, K.; Hoshina, K.; Jero, K.; Karle, A.; Kauer, M.; Kelley, J. L.; Kheirandish, A.; McNally, F.; Merino, G.; Middlemas, E.; Morse, R.; Richter, S.; Sabbatini, L.; Tobin, M. N.; Tosi, D.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Wandkowsky, N.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.; Wille, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ahrens, M.; Bohm, C.; Dumm, J. P.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Walck, C.; Wolf, M.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahrens, M.; Bohm, C.; Dumm, J. P.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. 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[Auffenberg, J.; Bissoki, M.; Blumenthal, J.; Gier, D.; Glagla, M.; Haack, C.; Hansmann, B.; Kemp, J.; Konietz, R.; Leuermann, M.; Leuner, J.; Paul, L.; Puetz, J.; Raedel, L.; Reimann, R.; Rongen, M.; Schimp, M.; Schoenen, S.; Stahlberg, M.; Vehring, M.; Wallraff, M.; Wiebusch, C. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Bai, X.] South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Barwick, S. W.; Yodh, G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Bay, R.; Binder, G.; Filimonov, K.; Gerhardt, L.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Miarecki, S.; Price, P. B.; Tatar, J.; Woschnagg, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Pfendner, C.; Stamatikos, M.; Sutherland, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Pfendner, C.; Stamatikos, M.; Sutherland, M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Tjus, J. Becker; Bos, F.; Eichmann, B.; Fedynitch, A.; Kroll, M.; Saba, S. M.; Schoeneberg, S.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Becker, K-H.; Bindig, D.; Fischer-Wasels, T.; Helbing, K.; Hickford, S.; Hoffmann, R.; Klaes, J.; Kopper, S.; Naumann, U.; Obertacke, A.; Omairat, A.; Posselt, J.; Soldin, D.] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany. [Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Cheung, E.; Felde, J.; Hellauer, R.; Hoffman, K. D.; Huelsnitz, W.; Maunu, R.; Olivas, A.; Schmidt, T.; Song, M.; Sullivan, G. W.; Wissing, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Besson, D. Z.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Binder, G.; Gerhardt, L.; Goldschmidt, A.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Miarecki, S.; Nygren, D. R.; Przybylski, G. T.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.; Tatar, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Boersma, D. J.; Botner, O.; Euler, S.; Hallgren, A.; Perez de los Heros, C.; Strom, R.; Taavola, H.; Unger, E.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Boerner, M.; Fucus, T.; Menne, T.; Pieloth, D.; Rhode, W.; Ruhe, T.; Sandrock, A.; Scheriau, F.; Schmitz, M.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Bose, D.; In, S.; Rott, C.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Brayeur, L.; Casier, M.; De Clercq, C.; de Vries, K. D.; de Wasseige, G.; Golup, G.; Kunnen, J.; Lunemann, J.; Maggi, G.; Toscano, S.; van Eundhoven, N.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Buzinsky, N.; Grant, D.; Kopper, C.; Nowicki, S. C.; Riedel, B.; Weaver, Ch; Wood, T. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Casey, J.; Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Casey, J.; Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Christov, A.; Montaruli, T.; Rameez, M.; Vallecorsa, S.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Clark, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Cowen, D. F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [de Andre, J. P. A. M.; DeYoung, T.; Hignigiit, J.; Mahn, K. B. M.; Neer, G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dembinski, H.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Koirala, R.; Pandya, H.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tilav, S.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Dembinski, H.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Koirala, R.; Pandya, H.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tilav, S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [De Ridder, S.; Ismail, A. Haj; Labare, M.; Meli, A.; Ryckbosch, D.; Vanheule, S.; Vraeghe, M.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [de With, M.; Hebecker, D.; Kolanoski, H.; Kowalski, M.] Univ Humberside, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Fazely, A. R.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Xu, X. W.] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. [Gaior, R.; Ishihara, A.; Kuwabara, T.; Lu, L.; Mase, K.; Relich, M.; Yoshida, S.] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Gallagher, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hansen, E.; Koskinen, D. J.; Larson, M. J.; Medici, M.; Sarkar, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Homeier, A.; Schulte, L.; Voge, M.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Hoshina, K.] Univ Tokyo, Earthquake Res Inst, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130032, Japan. [Japaridze, G. S.] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Kauer, M.; Maruyama, R.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Kiryluk, J.; Lesiak-Bzdak, M.; Niederhausen, H.; Xu, Y.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Kohnen, G.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Kurahashi, N.; Richman, M.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Madsen, J.; Seunarine, S.; Spiczak, G. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Palczewski, T.; Pepper, J. A.; Toale, P. A.; Williams, D. R.; Xu, D. L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Rawlins, K.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Stamatikos, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Aartsen, MG (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Koskinen, David/G-3236-2014; OI Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Koskinen, David/0000-0002-0514-5917; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Strotjohann, Nora Linn/0000-0002-4667-6730; Arguelles Delgado, Carlos/0000-0003-4186-4182 FU U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs; U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division; University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; WestGrid and Compute/Calcul Canada; Swedish Research Council, Sweden; Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Sweden; Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), Sweden; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Germany; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Germany; Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO); FWO Odysseus programme; Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Australian Research Council; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark (DNRF) FX We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy, and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, WestGrid and Compute/Calcul Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT), Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Australian Research Council; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark (DNRF). NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 75 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/75 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500027 ER PT J AU Brightman, M Harrison, F Walton, DJ Fuerst, F Hornschemeier, A Zezas, A Bachetti, M Grefenstette, B Ptak, A Tendulkar, S Yukita, M AF Brightman, Murray Harrison, Fiona Walton, Dominic J. Fuerst, Felix Hornschemeier, Ann Zezas, Andreas Bachetti, Matteo Grefenstette, Brian Ptak, Andrew Tendulkar, Shriharsh Yukita, Mihoko TI SPECTRAL AND TEMPORAL PROPERTIES OF THE ULTRA-LUMINOUS X-RAY PULSAR IN M82 FROM 15 YEARS OF CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF THE PULSED EMISSION USING NuSTAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (M82); stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries ID ACCRETING NEUTRON-STAR; XMM-NEWTON; GRO J1744-28; SOFT EXCESS; BROAD-BAND; GALAXY M82; DISCOVERY; X-1; J095551+6940.8; POPULATION AB The recent discovery by Bachetti et al. of a pulsar in M82 that can reach luminosities of up to 10(40) erg s(-1), a factor of similar to 100 times the Eddington luminosity for a 1.4 M-circle dot compact object, poses a challenge for accretion physics. In order to better understand the nature of this source and its duty cycle, and in light of several physical models that have been subsequently published, we conduct a spectral and temporal analysis of the 0.5-8 keV X-ray emission from this source from 15 years of Chandra observations. We analyze 19 ACIS observations where the point-spread function (PSF) of the pulsar is not contaminated by nearby sources. We fit the Chandra spectra of the pulsar with a power-law model and a disk blackbody model, subjected to interstellar absorption in M82. We carefully assess for the effect of pile-up in our observations, where four observations have a pile-up fraction of >10%, which we account for during spectral modeling with a convolution model. When fitted with a power-law model, the average photon index when the source is at high luminosity (L-X > 10(39) erg s(-1)) is Gamma = 1.33 +/- 0.15. For the disk blackbody model, the average temperature is T-in = 3.24 +/- 0.65 keV, the spectral shape being consistent with other luminous X-ray pulsars. We also investigated the inclusion of a soft excess component and spectral break, finding that the spectra are also consistent with these features common to luminous X-ray pulsars. In addition, we present spectral analysis from NuSTAR over the 3-50 keV range where we have isolated the pulsed component. We find that the pulsed emission in this band is best fit by a power-law with a high-energy cutoff, where Gamma = 0.6 +/- 0.3 and E-C = 14(-3)(+5) KeV. While the pulsar has previously been identified as a transient, we find from our longer-baseline study that it has been remarkably active over the 15-year period, where for 9/19 (47%) observations that we analyzed, the pulsar appears to be emitting at a luminosity in excess of 10(39) erg s(-1), greater than 10 times its Eddington limit. C1 [Brightman, Murray; Harrison, Fiona; Walton, Dominic J.; Fuerst, Felix; Grefenstette, Brian; Tendulkar, Shriharsh] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Walton, Dominic J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Hornschemeier, Ann; Ptak, Andrew; Yukita, Mihoko] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hornschemeier, Ann; Ptak, Andrew; Yukita, Mihoko] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Zezas, Andreas] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion, Greece. [Zezas, Andreas] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zezas, Andreas] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. [Bachetti, Matteo] INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy. RP Brightman, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Yukita, Mihoko/E-4135-2017; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011 OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X FU NASA; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP)/ERC [617001] FX This work made significant use of archival observations made by the Chandra X-ray observatory, for which we thank the builders and operators, as well as the software package CIAO. The data were obtained from the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), which is a service of the Astrophysics Science Division at NASA/GSFC and the High Energy Astrophysics Division of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. This work also made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by NASA. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). A.Z. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement No. 617001. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 60 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/60 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500012 ER PT J AU Cooke, EA Hatch, NA Stern, D Rettura, A Brodwin, M Galametz, A Wylezalek, D Bridge, C Conselice, CJ De Breuck, C Gonzalez, AH Jarvis, M AF Cooke, E. A. Hatch, N. A. Stern, D. Rettura, A. Brodwin, M. Galametz, A. Wylezalek, D. Bridge, C. Conselice, C. J. De Breuck, C. Gonzalez, A. H. Jarvis, M. TI A MATURE GALAXY CLUSTER AT z=1.58 AROUND THE RADIO GALAXY 7C 1753+6311 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (CARLA J1753+6311); galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: individual (7C 1753+6311) ID INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; LESS-THAN 3.2; RED-SEQUENCE; SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION; STAR-FORMATION; QUIESCENT GALAXIES; XDCP J0044.0-2033; PROTO-CLUSTERS; DEEP SURVEY; JKCS 041 AB We report on the discovery of a z = 1.58 mature cluster around the high-redshift radio galaxy 7C 1753+6311, first identified in the Clusters Around Radio-loud active galactic nuclei survey. Two-thirds of the excess galaxies within the central 1 Mpc lie on a red sequence with a color that is consistent with an average formation redshift of z(f) similar to 3. We show that 80 +/- 6% of the red sequence galaxies in the cluster core are quiescent, while the remaining 20% are red due to dusty star formation. We demonstrate that the cluster has an enhanced quiescent galaxy fraction that is three times that of the control field. We also show that this enhancement is mass dependent: 91 +/- 9% of the M-* > 10(10.5)M(circle dot) cluster galaxies are quiescent, compared to only 36 +/- 2% of field galaxies, whereas the fraction of quiescent galaxies with lower masses is the same in the cluster and field environments. The presence of a dense core and a well-formed, quiescent red sequence suggest that this is a mature cluster. This means that distant radio galaxies do not solely reside in young, uncollapsed protoclusters, rather they can be found in clusters in a wide range of evolutionary states. C1 [Cooke, E. A.; Hatch, N. A.; Conselice, C. J.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Stern, D.; Bridge, C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Rettura, A.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Galametz, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Wylezalek, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Bridge, C.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [De Breuck, C.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jarvis, M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Jarvis, M.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. RP Cooke, EA (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Univ Pk, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. EM Elizabeth.Cooke@nottingham.ac.uk OI De Breuck, Carlos/0000-0002-6637-3315 FU STFC; STFC Rutherford Fellowship; William Herschel Telescope [W/2013b/10, SW2015a07]; NASA; W.M. Keck Foundation FX E.A.C. acknowledges the support of the STFC. N.A.H. is supported by an STFC Rutherford Fellowship. The work of D.S. was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA.; This work was based on observations made with the William Herschel Telescope under programme IDs W/2013b/10 and SW2015a07 and with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The William Herschel Telescope and its service programme are operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Spitzer is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech.; Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are very grateful to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 83 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/83 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500035 ER PT J AU Gettel, S Charbonneau, D Dressing, CD Buchhave, LA Dumusque, X Vanderburg, A Bonomo, AS Malavolta, L Pepe, F Cameron, AC Latham, DW Udry, S Marcy, GW Isaacson, H Howard, AW Davies, GR Aguirre, VS Kjeldsen, H Bedding, TR Lopez, E Affer, L Cosentino, R Figueira, P Fiorenzano, AFM Harutyunyan, A Johnson, JA Lopez-Morales, M Lovis, C Mayor, M Micela, G Molinari, E Motalebi, F Phillips, DF Piotto, G Queloz, D Rice, K Sasselov, D Segransan, D Sozzetti, A Watson, C Basu, S Campante, TL Christensen-Dalsgaard, J Kawaler, SD Metcalfe, TS Handberg, R Lund, MN Lundkvist, MS Huber, D Chaplin, WJ AF Gettel, Sara Charbonneau, David Dressing, Courtney D. Buchhave, Lars A. Dumusque, Xavier Vanderburg, Andrew Bonomo, Aldo S. Malavolta, Luca Pepe, Francesco Cameron, Andrew Collier Latham, David W. Udry, Stephane Marcy, Geoffrey W. Isaacson, Howard Howard, Andrew W. Davies, Guy R. Aguirre, Victor Silva Kjeldsen, Hans Bedding, Timothy R. Lopez, Eric Affer, Laura Cosentino, Rosario Figueira, Pedro Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M. Harutyunyan, Avet Johnson, John Asher Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Lovis, Christophe Mayor, Michel Micela, Giusi Molinari, Emilio Motalebi, Fatemeh Phillips, David F. Piotto, Giampaolo Queloz, Didier Rice, Ken Sasselov, Dimitar Segransan, Damien Sozzetti, Alessandro Watson, Chris Basu, Sarbani Campante, Tiago L. Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen Kawaler, Steven D. Metcalfe, Travis S. Handberg, Rasmus Lund, Mikkel N. Lundkvist, Mia S. Huber, Daniel Chaplin, William J. TI THE KEPLER-454 SYSTEM: A SMALL, NOT-ROCKY INNER PLANET, A JOVIAN WORLD, AND A DISTANT COMPANION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planets and satellites: composition; stars: individual (KOI-273=KIC 3102384); asteroseismology; techniques: radial velocities ID MASS-RADIUS RELATIONSHIPS; STELLAR EVOLUTION CODE; FALSE-POSITIVE RATE; 100 EARTH MASSES; FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; SUPER-EARTHS; HOST STARS; HARPS-N AB Kepler-454 (KOI-273) is a relatively bright (V = 11.69 mag), Sun-like star that hosts a transiting planet candidate in a 10.6 day orbit. From spectroscopy, we estimate the stellar temperature to be 5687 +/- 50 K, its metallicity to be [m/H] = 0.32 +/- 0.08, and the projected rotational velocity to be v sin i < 2.4 km s(-1). We combine these values with a study of the asteroseismic frequencies from short cadence Kepler data to estimate the stellar mass to be 1.028(-0.03)(+0.04)M(circle dot), the radius to be 1.066 +/- 0.012 R-circle dot, and the age to be 5.25(-1.39)(+1.41) Gyr. We estimate the radius of the 10.6 day planet as 2.37 +/- 0.13 R-circle plus. Using 63 radial velocity observations obtained with the HARPS-N spectrograph on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo and 36 observations made with the HIRES spectrograph at the Keck Observatory, we measure the mass of this planet to be 6.8 +/- 1.4 M-circle plus. We also detect two additional nontransiting companions, a planet with a minimum mass of 4.46 +/- 0.12 M-J in a nearly circular 524 day orbit and a massive companion with a period >10 years and mass >12.1 M-J. The 12 exoplanets with radii <2.7 R-circle plus and precise mass measurements appear to fall into two populations, with those <1.6 R-circle plus following an Earth-like composition curve and larger planets requiring a significant fraction of volatiles. With a density of 2.76 +/- 0.73 g cm(-3), Kepler-454b lies near the mass transition between these two populations and requires the presence of volatiles and/or H/He gas. C1 [Gettel, Sara; Charbonneau, David; Dressing, Courtney D.; Buchhave, Lars A.; Dumusque, Xavier; Vanderburg, Andrew; Latham, David W.; Johnson, John Asher; Lopez-Morales, Mercedes; Phillips, David F.; Sasselov, Dimitar] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dressing, Courtney D.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA USA. [Dressing, Courtney D.] NASA, New York, NY USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Bonomo, Aldo S.; Sozzetti, Alessandro] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Malavolta, Luca; Piotto, Giampaolo] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Malavolta, Luca; Piotto, Giampaolo] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Pepe, Francesco; Udry, Stephane; Lovis, Christophe; Mayor, Michel; Motalebi, Fatemeh; Queloz, Didier; Segransan, Damien] Univ Geneva, Astron Observ, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Cameron, Andrew Collier] Univ St Andrews, SUPA, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Isaacson, Howard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Howard, Andrew W.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Davies, Guy R.; Campante, Tiago L.; Chaplin, William J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Davies, Guy R.; Aguirre, Victor Silva; Kjeldsen, Hans; Bedding, Timothy R.; Campante, Tiago L.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen; Handberg, Rasmus; Lund, Mikkel N.; Lundkvist, Mia S.; Huber, Daniel; Chaplin, William J.] Aarhus Univ, SAC, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Bedding, Timothy R.; Huber, Daniel] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Lopez, Eric; Rice, Ken] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, SUPA, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Affer, Laura; Micela, Giusi] Osserv Astron Palermo, INAF, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Cosentino, Rosario; Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M.; Harutyunyan, Avet; Molinari, Emilio] Fdn Galileo Galilei, INAF, E-38712 Brena Baja, Spain. [Figueira, Pedro] Univ Porto, CAUP, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Molinari, Emilio] IASF Milano, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Queloz, Didier] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Watson, Chris] Queens Univ, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. [Basu, Sarbani] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Kawaler, Steven D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Metcalfe, Travis S.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Gettel, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sara.gettel@gmail.com RI Rice, Ken/H-5084-2011; Figueira, Pedro/J-4916-2013; OI Rice, Ken/0000-0002-6379-9185; Figueira, Pedro/0000-0001-8504-283X; Malavolta, Luca/0000-0002-6492-2085; Cameron, Andrew/0000-0002-8863-7828; Metcalfe, Travis/0000-0003-4034-0416; Lundkvist, Mia Sloth/0000-0002-8661-2571; Handberg, Rasmus/0000-0001-8725-4502; Lund, Mikkel Norup/0000-0001-9214-5642 FU NASA's Science Mission Directorate; Prodex Program of the Swiss Space Office (SSO); Harvard University Origin of Life Initiative (HUOLI); Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA); University of Geneva; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO); Italian National Astrophysical Institute (INAF); University of St. Andrews; Queen's University Belfast; University of Edinburgh; European Union [313014]; John Templeton Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX15AC90G]; NASA [NNX13AE70G, NNX13AE91G]; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); National Science Foundation [1144152]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through Investigador FCT [IF/01037/2013]; POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER through the program "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade-COMPETE"; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [IF/01037/2013CP1191/CT0001]; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); NSF [AST-1105930]; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]; ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) - European Research Council [267864]; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme [312844]; Kepler mission under NASA Cooperation [NNX13AB58A]; W. M. Keck Foundation FX The authors would like to thank the TNG observers who contributed to the measurements reported here, including Walter Boschin, Massimo Cecconi, Vania Lorenzi and Marco Pedani. We also thank Lauren Weiss for gathering some of the HIRES data presented here. The authors wish to thank the entire Kepler team, without whom these results would not be possible. Funding for this Discovery mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. The HARPS-N project was funded by the Prodex Program of the Swiss Space Office (SSO), the Harvard University Origin of Life Initiative (HUOLI), the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), the University of Geneva, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), and the Italian National Astrophysical Institute (INAF), University of St. Andrews, Queen's University Belfast and University of Edinburgh. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant Agreement No. 313014 (ETAEARTH). This publication was made possible by a grant from the John Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation. This material is based upon work supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX15AC90G issued through the Exoplanets Research Program. C.D. is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Work by C.D. was performed in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. X.D. would like to thank the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) for its support through an Early Postdoc Mobility fellowship. A.V. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, grant No. DGE 1144152. P. F. acknowledges support by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through Investigador FCT contracts of reference IF/01037/2013 and POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER funding through the program "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade-COMPETE". P.F. further acknowledges support from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) in the form of an exploratory project of reference IF/01037/2013CP1191/CT0001. W.J.C., T.L.C. and G.R.D. acknowledge the support of the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). S.B. acknowledges partial support from NSF grant AST-1105930 and NASA grant NNX13AE70G. T.S.M. was supported by NASA grant NNX13AE91G. Computational time on Stampede at the Texas Advanced Computing Center was provided through XSEDE allocation TG-AST090107. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant agreement No.: DNRF106). The research is supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (grant agreement No.: 267864); and by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 312844 (SPACEINN). Partial support was received from the Kepler mission under NASA Cooperation Agreement NNX13AB58A to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (PI:DWL).; Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Keck Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The spectra and their products are made available at the NExSci Exoplanet Archive and its CFOP website:. http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. We thank the many observers who contributed to the HIRES measurements reported here, including Benjamin J. Fulton, Evan Sinukoff, and Lea Hirsch. We gratefully acknowledge the efforts and dedication of the Keck Observatory staff, especially Greg Doppmann, Scott Dahm, Hien Tran, and Grant Hill for support of HIRES and Greg Wirth and Bob Goodrich for support of remote observing. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Finally, the authors wish to extend special thanks to those of Hawaiian ancestry on whose sacred mountain of Mauna Kea we are privileged to be guests. Without their generous hospitality, the Keck observations presented herein would not have been possible. NR 75 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 95 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/95 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500047 ER PT J AU Gibb, EL Bonev, BP DiSanti, MA Villanueva, GL Paganini, L Mumma, MJ AF Gibb, Erika L. Bonev, Boncho P. DiSanti, Michael A. Villanueva, Geronimo L. Paganini, Lucas Mumma, Michael J. TI AN INFRARED SEARCH FOR HDO IN COMET D/2012 S1 (ISON) AND IMPLICATIONS FOR iSHELL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrobiology; comets: individual (D/2012 ISON); methods: observational; planets and satellites: formation; techniques: spectroscopic ID OH PROMPT EMISSION; O1 HALE-BOPP; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; WATER; ORIGIN; CHEMISTRY; RATIOS; GRAINS; II.; LEE AB We performed a sensitive search for HDO in comet D/2012 S1 (ISON) on 2013 November 16, 17, and 22 using CSHELL and the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility. We constrained the HDO/H2O ratio to < 2.0 VSMOW (the terrestrial ocean value) at the 3 sigma uncertainty level from two independent measurements corresponding to different H2O outgassing rates. This represents the best constrained HDO/H2O ratio for a comet using a small (3 m) telescope and illustrates that when CSHELL is replaced with iSHELL, 3 m class telescopes are still strong contenders for detecting minor volatile species in moderately bright comets. C1 [Gibb, Erika L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Bonev, Boncho P.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Paganini, Lucas] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Bonev, Boncho P.; DiSanti, Michael A.; Villanueva, Geronimo L.; Paganini, Lucas; Mumma, Michael J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Goddard Ctr Astrobiol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Gibb, EL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, 1 Univ Blvd, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. EM gibbe@umsl.edu FU NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Research [AST-1211362]; NASA [NNX12AG60G] FX We thank NASA's PATM (NNX12AG60G), PAST and Astrobiology programs, and the NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Grants (AST-1211362). For supporting various team members in this work. We thank NASA IRTF's staff for their exceptional support. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from Maunakea, recognizing the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. B.P.B.'s contribution to the ISON Observing Campaign is dedicated to the memory of Hristov for his long distinguished service as a physics teacher in the Foreign Language School "Romain Rolland," Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 101 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/101 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500053 ER PT J AU Noble, AG Webb, TMA Yee, HKC Muzzin, A Wilson, G van der Burg, RFJ Balogh, ML Shupe, DL AF Noble, A. G. Webb, T. M. A. Yee, H. K. C. Muzzin, A. Wilson, G. van der Burg, R. F. J. Balogh, M. L. Shupe, D. L. TI THE PHASE SPACE OF z similar to 1.2 SpARCS CLUSTERS: USING HERSCHEL TO PROBE DUST TEMPERATURE AS A FUNCTION OF ENVIRONMENT AND ACCRETION HISTORY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: star formation; infrared: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; FORMATION-DENSITY RELATION; REDSHIFT GALAXY CLUSTERS; MU-M OBSERVATIONS; VIRGO CLUSTER; RED-SEQUENCE; FORMING GALAXIES AB We present a five-band Herschel study (100-500 mu m) of three galaxy clusters at z similar to 1.2 from the Spitzer Adaptation of the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey. With a sample of 120 spectroscopically confirmed cluster members, we investigate the role of environment on galaxy properties utilizing the projected cluster phase space (line-of-sight velocity versus clustercentric radius), which probes the time-averaged galaxy density to which a galaxy has been exposed. We divide cluster galaxies into phase-space bins of (r/r(200)) x (Delta v/sigma(v)), tracing a sequence of accretion histories in phase space. Stacking optically star-forming cluster members on the Herschel maps, we measure average infrared star formation rates, and, for the first time in high-redshift galaxy clusters, dust temperatures for dynamically distinct galaxy populations-namely, recent infalls and those that were accreted onto the cluster at an earlier epoch. Proceeding from the infalling to virialized (central) regions of phase space, we find a steady decrease in the specific star formation rate and increase in the stellar age of star-forming cluster galaxies. We perform a probability analysis to investigate all acceptable infrared spectral energy distributions within the full parameter space and measure a similar to 4 sigma drop in the average dust temperature of cluster galaxies in an intermediate phase-space bin, compared to an otherwise flat trend with phase space. We suggest one plausible quenching mechanism which may be consistent with these trends, invoking ram-pressure stripping of the warmer dust for galaxies within this intermediate accretion phase. C1 [Noble, A. G.; Yee, H. K. C.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Webb, T. M. A.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Muzzin, A.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Wilson, G.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [van der Burg, R. F. J.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, IRFU, Serv Astrophys,CEA,DSM,CNRS,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Balogh, M. L.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Shupe, D. L.] NASA, Herschel Sci Ctr, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Noble, AG (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. FU NASA; NSERC Discovery Grant; NSF [AST-0909198, AST-1517863]; European Research Council under FP7 [340519]; Tier 1 Canada Research Chair FX We thank the anonymous referee, whose comments improved the clarity of the manuscript. The authors would also like to thank numerous people for useful discussions, including Rachel Friesen, Suresh Sivanandam, Alexander van Engelen, and Marco Viero. This work is based in part on observations made with Herschel, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. T.M.A.W. acknowledges the support of the NSERC Discovery Grant. H.K.C.Y. is supported by the NSERC Discovery Grant and a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair. G.W. gratefully acknowledges support from NSF grants AST-0909198 and AST-1517863. R.F.J.v.d.B. acknowledges support from the European Research Council under FP7 grant number 340519. NR 144 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 48 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/48 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500001 ER PT J AU Osmane, A Wilson, LB Blum, L Pulkkinen, TI AF Osmane, Adnane Wilson, Lynn B., III Blum, Lauren Pulkkinen, Tuija I. TI ON THE CONNECTION BETWEEN MICROBURSTS AND NONLINEAR ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES IN PLANETARY RADIATION BELTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; Earth; plasmas; relativistic processes; solar-terrestrial relations; waves ID WHISTLER WAVES; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; RESONANT ELECTRONS; DOUBLE-LAYERS; PRECIPITATION; ACCELERATION; CHORUS; FIELD; ENERGIZATION; RESOLUTION AB Using a dynamical-system approach, we have investigated the efficiency of large-amplitude whistler waves for causing microburst precipitation in planetary radiation belts by modeling the microburst energy and particle fluxes produced as a result of nonlinear wave-particle interactions. We show that wave parameters, consistent with large-amplitude oblique whistlers, can commonly generate microbursts of electrons with hundreds of keV-energies as a result of Landau trapping. Relativistic microbursts (> 1 MeV) can also be generated by a similar mechanism, but require waves with large propagation angles theta(kB) > 50 degrees and phase-speeds v(Phi) >= c/9. Using our result for precipitating density and energy fluxes, we argue that holes in the distribution function of electrons near the magnetic mirror point can result in the generation of double layers and electron solitary holes consistent in scales (of the order of Debye lengths) to nonlinear structures observed in the radiation belts by the Van Allen Probes. Our results indicate a relationship between nonlinear electrostatic and electromagnetic structures in the dynamics of planetary radiation belts and their role in the cyclical production of energetic electrons (E >= 100 keV) on kinetic timescales, which is much faster than previously inferred. C1 [Osmane, Adnane; Pulkkinen, Tuija I.] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland. [Wilson, Lynn B., III] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Blum, Lauren] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Osmane, A (reprint author), Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland. EM adnane.osmane@aalto.fi; lynn.b.Wilsoniii@gmail.com; lwblum@ssl.berkeley.edu; tuija.pulkkinen@aalto.fi RI Wilson III, Lynn/D-4425-2012; Pulkkinen, Tuija/D-8403-2012; OI Wilson III, Lynn/0000-0002-4313-1970; Pulkkinen, Tuija/0000-0002-6317-381X; Blum, Lauren/0000-0002-4797-5476 FU Academy of Finland [267073/2013]; JHU/APL [922613] FX This work was supported by the Academy of Finland grant #267073/2013. L.B. acknowledges the JHU/APL contract 922613 (RBSP-EFW). The authors would like to thank the reviewer for insightful comments that significantly improved the manuscript. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 51 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/51 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500003 ER PT J AU Scowcroft, V Freedman, WL Madore, BF Monson, A Persson, SE Rich, J Seibert, M Rigby, JR AF Scowcroft, Victoria Freedman, Wendy L. Madore, Barry F. Monson, Andy Persson, S. E. Rich, Jeff Seibert, Mark Rigby, Jane R. TI THE CARNEGIE HUBBLE PROGRAM: THE DISTANCE AND STRUCTURE OF THE SMC AS REVEALED BY MID-INFRARED OBSERVATIONS OF CEPHEIDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (SMC); stars: variables: Cepheids ID WEAK MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SOLAR-SYSTEM; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; INTERSTELLAR DUST; DEBRIS DISKS; A-STAR; GRAINS; VEGA; INTERPLANETARY; PHOTOMETRY AB Using Spitzer observations of classical Cepheids we have measured the true average distance modulus of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) to be 18.96 +/- 0.01(stat) +/- 0.03(sys) mag (corresponding to 62 +/- 0.3 kpc), which is 0.48 +/- 0.01 mag more distant than the LMC. This is in agreement with previous results from Cepheid observations, as well as with measurements from other indicators such as RR Lyrae stars and the tip of the red giant branch. Utilizing the properties of the mid-infrared Leavitt Law we measured precise distances to individual Cepheids in the SMC, and have confirmed that the galaxy is tilted and elongated such that its eastern side is up to 20 kpc closer than its western side. This is in agreement with the results from red clump stars and dynamical simulations of the Magellanic Clouds and Stream. C1 [Scowcroft, Victoria; Freedman, Wendy L.; Madore, Barry F.; Monson, Andy; Persson, S. E.; Rich, Jeff; Seibert, Mark] Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Rigby, Jane R.] NASA, Observat Cosmol Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Scowcroft, V (reprint author), Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM vs@obs.carnegiescience.edu; wendy@obs.carnegiescience.edu; barry@obs.carnegiescience.edu; amonson@obs.carnegiescience.edu; persson@obs.carnegiescience.edu; jrich@obs.carnegiescience.edu; mseibert@obs.carnegiescience.edu; jane.r.rigby@nasa.gov FU NASA [NNX13AD82G, 1255094]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX We thank Kaitlin Kratter, Mike Sitko, Rik van Lieshout, Mark Wyatt, and the anonymous referee for helpful comments. This work was supported by NASA grants NNX13AD82G and 1255094. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research also has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. The original description of the VizieR service was published in A&AS 143, 23. NR 80 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 49 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/49 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500002 ER PT J AU Tiwari, SK Moore, RL Winebarger, AR Alpert, SE AF Tiwari, Sanjiv K. Moore, Ronald L. Winebarger, Amy R. Alpert, Shane E. TI TRANSITION-REGION/CORONAL SIGNATURES AND MAGNETIC SETTING OF SUNSPOT PENUMBRAL JETS: HINODE (SOT/FG), Hi-C, AND SDO/AIA OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: chromosphere; Sun: corona; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: photosphere; Sun: transition region; sunspots ID SOLAR OPTICAL TELESCOPE; CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; ACTIVE REGIONS; FINE-STRUCTURE; FIELD; MICROJETS; POLARIZATION; INCLINATION; DOWNFLOWS; EMISSION AB Penumbral microjets (PJs) are transient narrow bright features in the chromosphere of sunspot penumbrae, first characterized by Katsukawa et al. using the Ca II H-line filter on Hinode's Solar Optical Telescope (SOT). It was proposed that the PJs form as a result of reconnection between two magnetic components of penumbrae (spines and interspines), and that they could contribute to the transition region (TR) and coronal heating above sunspot penumbrae. We propose a modified picture of formation of PJs based on recent results on the internal structure of sunspot penumbral filaments. Using data of a sunspot from Hinode/SOT, High Resolution Coronal Imager, and different passbands of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we examine whether PJs have signatures in the TR and corona. We find hardly any discernible signature of normal PJs in any AIA passbands, except for a few of them showing up in the 1600 angstrom images. However, we discovered exceptionally stronger jets with similar lifetimes but bigger sizes (up to 600 km wide) occurring repeatedly in a few locations in the penumbra, where evidence of patches of opposite-polarity fields in the tails of some penumbral filaments is seen in Stokes-V images. These tail PJs do display signatures in the TR. Whether they have any coronal-temperature plasma is unclear. We infer that none of the PJs, including the tail PJs, directly heat the corona in active regions significantly, but any penumbral jet might drive some coronal heating indirectly via the generation of Alfven waves and/or braiding of the coronal field. C1 [Tiwari, Sanjiv K.; Moore, Ronald L.; Winebarger, Amy R.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Alpert, Shane E.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Tiwari, SK (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code ZP 13, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM sanjiv.k.tiwari@nasa.gov OI Tiwari, Sanjiv/0000-0001-7817-2978 FU JAXA (Japan); NAOJ (Japan); STFC (UK); NASA (Norway); ESA (Norway); NSC (Norway); NASA Postdoctoral Program at the NASA/MSFC; National Science Foundation [AGS-1157027]; LWS TRT Program of the Heliophysics Division of NASA's SMD FX We are grateful to the referee for constructive comments, which resulted in major modification and improvement of the paper. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, collaborating with NAOJ as a domestic partner, NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. Scientific operation of the Hinode mission is conducted by the Hinode science team organized at ISAS/JAXA. This team mainly consists of scientists from institutes in the partner countries. Support for the post-launch operation is provided by JAXA and NAOJ (Japan), STFC (UK), NASA, ESA, and NSC (Norway). The AIA and HMI data are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA and HMI science teams. MSFC/NASA led the HiC mission and partners include the SAO in Cambridge, Mass.; LMSAL in Palo Alto, Calif.; the UCLan in Lancashire, England; and the LPIRAS in Moscow. S.K.T. is supported by appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the NASA/MSFC, administered by ORAU through a contract with NASA. For this work SEA was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AGS-1157027. A.R.W. and R.L.M. are supported by funding from the LWS TRT Program of the Heliophysics Division of NASA's SMD. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 92 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/92 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500044 ER PT J AU Wehrle, AE Grupe, D Jorstad, SG Marscher, AP Gurwell, M Balokovic, M Hovatta, T Madejski, GM Harrison, FH Stern, D AF Wehrle, Ann E. Grupe, Dirk Jorstad, Svetlana G. Marscher, Alan P. Gurwell, Mark Balokovic, Mislav Hovatta, Talvikki Madejski, Grzegorz M. Harrison, Fiona H. Stern, Daniel TI ERRATIC FLARING OF BL LAC IN 2012-2013: MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (BL Lacertae); galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (BL Lacertae); galaxies: jets ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY TELESCOPE; SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; POLARIZATION VARIABILITY; SUPERLUMINAL MOTION; LACERTAE OBJECTS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; 3C 454.3; JET; RADIO AB BL Lac, the eponymous blazar, flared to historically high levels at millimeter, infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths in 2012. We present observations made with Herschel, Swift, NuSTAR, Fermi, the Submillimeter Array, CARMA, and the VLBA in 2012-2013, including three months with nearly daily sampling at several wavebands. We have also conducted an intensive campaign of 30 hr with every-orbit observations by Swift and NuSTAR, accompanied by Herschel, and Fermi observations. The source was highly variable at all bands. Time lags, correlations between bands, and the changing shapes of the spectral energy distributions can be explained by synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton emission from nonthermal seed photons originating from within the jet. The passage of four new superluminal very long baseline interferometry knots through the core and two stationary knots about 4 pc downstream accompanied the high flaring in 2012-2013. The seed photons for inverse Compton scattering may arise from the stationary knots and from a Mach disk near the core where relatively slow-moving plasma generates intense nonthermal radiation. The 95 spectral energy distributions obtained on consecutive days form the most densely sampled, broad wavelength coverage for any blazar. The observed spectral energy distributions and multi-waveband light curves are similar to simulated spectral energy distributions and light curves generated with a model in which turbulent plasma crosses a conical shock with a Mach disk. C1 [Wehrle, Ann E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Grupe, Dirk] Morehead State Univ, Ctr Space Sci, Morehead, KY 40351 USA. [Grupe, Dirk] Swift Mission Operat Ctr, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. [Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Marscher, Alan P.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Jorstad, Svetlana G.] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Gurwell, Mark] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Balokovic, Mislav; Hovatta, Talvikki; Harrison, Fiona H.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hovatta, Talvikki] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Kylmala 02540, Finland. [Madejski, Grzegorz M.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Wehrle, AE (reprint author), Space Sci Inst, 4750 Walnut St,Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. EM awehrle@spacescience.org RI Jorstad, Svetlana/H-6913-2013 OI Jorstad, Svetlana/0000-0001-9522-5453 FU NASA [NNX11AQ03G, NNX12AO79G, NNX13AP06G, NNX14AQ58G, NNX14AC59G, NAS5-00136, NNG08FD60C]; Russian RFBR [15-02-00949]; St. Petersburg University [6.38.335.2015]; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; International Fulbright Science and Technology Award; NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX14AQ07H]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Jenny and Antti Wihuri foundation; Academy of Finland [267324]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Associates of the California Institute of Technology; University of Chicago; state of California; state of Illinois; state of Maryland; National Science Foundation; CARMA partner universities; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat lEnergie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National dtudes Spatiales in France FX A. Wehrle acknowledges Guest Investigator support from NASA via Herschel RSA 1427799. The Boston University group acknowledges support by NASA under Fermi Guest Investigator grants NNX11AQ03G, NNX12AO79G, NNX13AP06G, and NNX14AQ58G, and Swift Guest Investigator grants NNX14AC59G. S. G. Jorstad acknowledges support from Russian RFBR grant 15-02-00949 and St. Petersburg University research grant 6.38.335.2015. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The VLBA is an instrument of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This research has made use of the XRT Data Analysis Software (XRTDAS) developed under the responsibility of the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC), Italy.; Swift at PSU is supported by NASA contract NAS5-00136.; M. Balokovic acknowledges support from the International Fulbright Science and Technology Award and from NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program, grant NNX14AQ07H.; Part of this work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA).; T. Hovatta acknowledges support from the Jenny and Antti Wihuri foundation and Academy of Finland project number 267324. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities.; The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat lEnergie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National dtudes Spatiales in France. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 53 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/53 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500005 ER PT J AU Zhang, Y Miller, C McKay, T Rooney, P Evrard, AE Romer, AK Perfecto, R Song, J Desai, S Mohr, J Wilcox, H Bermeo-Hernandez, A Jeltema, T Hollowood, D Bacon, D Capozzi, D Collins, C Das, R Gerdes, D Hennig, C Hilton, M Hoyle, B Kay, S Liddle, A Mann, RG Mehrtens, N Nichol, RC Papovich, C Sahlen, M Soares-Santos, M Stott, J Viana, PT Abbott, T Abdalla, FB Banerji, M Bauer, AH Benoit-Levy, A Bertin, E Brooks, D Buckley-Geer, E Burke, DL Rosell, AC Castander, FJ Diehl, HT Doel, P Cunha, CE Eifler, TF Neto, AF Fernandez, E Flaugher, B Fosalba, P Frieman, J Gaztanaga, E Gruen, D Gruendl, RA Honscheid, K James, D Kuehn, K Kuropatkin, N Lahav, O Maia, MAG Makler, M Marshall, JL Martini, P Miquel, R Ogando, R Plazas, AA Roodman, A Rykoff, ES Sako, M Sanchez, E Scarpine, V Schubnell, M Sevilla, I Smith, RC Sobreira, F Suchyta, E Swanson, MEC Tarle, G Thaler, J Tucker, D Vikram, V da Costa, LN AF Zhang, Y. Miller, C. McKay, T. Rooney, P. Evrard, A. E. Romer, A. K. Perfecto, R. Song, J. Desai, S. Mohr, J. Wilcox, H. Bermeo-Hernandez, A. Jeltema, T. Hollowood, D. Bacon, D. Capozzi, D. Collins, C. Das, R. Gerdes, D. Hennig, C. Hilton, M. Hoyle, B. Kay, S. Liddle, A. Mann, R. G. Mehrtens, N. Nichol, R. C. Papovich, C. Sahlen, M. Soares-Santos, M. Stott, J. Viana, P. T. Abbott, T. Abdalla, F. B. Banerji, M. Bauer, A. H. Benoit-Levy, A. Bertin, E. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D. L. Rosell, A. Carnero Castander, F. J. Diehl, H. T. Doel, P. Cunha, C. E. Eifler, T. F. Fausti Neto, A. Fernandez, E. Flaugher, B. Fosalba, P. Frieman, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R. A. Honscheid, K. James, D. Kuehn, K. Kuropatkin, N. Lahav, O. Maia, M. A. G. Makler, M. Marshall, J. L. Martini, Paul Miquel, R. Ogando, R. Plazas, A. A. Roodman, A. Rykoff, E. S. Sako, M. Sanchez, E. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Sevilla, I. Smith, R. C. Sobreira, F. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M. E. C. Tarle, G. Thaler, J. Tucker, D. Vikram, V. da Costa, L. N. TI GALAXIES IN X-RAY SELECTED CLUSTERS AND GROUPS IN DARK ENERGY SURVEY DATA. I. STELLAR MASS GROWTH OF BRIGHT CENTRAL GALAXIES SINCE z similar to 1.2 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: groups: general ID GALACTIC NUCLEUS FEEDBACK; STAR-FORMATION HISTORIES; LUMINOSITY-TEMPERATURE RELATION; DIFFUSE OPTICAL LIGHT; COOL-CORE CLUSTERS; INSIDE-OUT GROWTH; INTRACLUSTER LIGHT; SCALING RELATIONS; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; POPULATION SYNTHESIS AB Using the science verification data of the Dark Energy Survey for a new sample of 106 X-ray selected clusters and groups, we study the stellar mass growth of bright central galaxies (BCGs) since redshift z similar to 1.2. Compared with the expectation in a semi-analytical model applied to the Millennium Simulation, the observed BCGs become under-massive/under-luminous with decreasing redshift. We incorporate the uncertainties associated with cluster mass, redshift, and BCG stellar mass measurements into an analysis of a redshift-dependent BCG-cluster mass relation, m(*) proportional to (M-200/1.5 x 10(14)M(circle dot))(0.24 +/- 0.08)(1+z)(-0.19 +/- 0.34), and compare the observed relation to the model prediction. We estimate the average growth rate since z = 1.0 for BCGs hosted by clusters of M-200,M-z = 10(13.8)M(circle dot); at z = 1.0: m(*, BCG) appears to have grown by 0.13 +/- 0.11 dex, in tension at the similar to 2.5 sigma significance level with the 0.40 dex growth rate expected from the semi-analytic model. We show that the build-up of extended intracluster light after z = 1.0 may alleviate this tension in BCG growth rates. C1 [Zhang, Y.; Miller, C.; McKay, T.; Evrard, A. E.; Das, R.; Gerdes, D.; Schubnell, M.; Tarle, G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Rooney, P.; Romer, A. K.; Bermeo-Hernandez, A.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Perfecto, R.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Song, J.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. [Desai, S.; Mohr, J.; Hennig, C.; Hoyle, B.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Wilcox, H.; Bacon, D.; Capozzi, D.; Nichol, R. C.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Jeltema, T.; Hollowood, D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Jeltema, T.; Hollowood, D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Collins, C.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Hilton, M.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. [Kay, S.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Liddle, A.; Mann, R. G.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Mehrtens, N.; Papovich, C.; Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Mehrtens, N.; Papovich, C.; Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sahlen, M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, BIPAC, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Soares-Santos, M.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Diehl, H. T.; Flaugher, B.; Frieman, J.; Kuropatkin, N.; Scarpine, V.; Sobreira, F.; Tucker, D.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Stott, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Subdept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Viana, P. T.] Univ Porto, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, CAUP, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Viana, P. T.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Abbott, T.; James, D.; Smith, R. C.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Abdalla, F. B.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Brooks, D.; Doel, P.; Lahav, O.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Abdalla, F. B.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Banerji, M.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Banerji, M.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Bauer, A. H.; Castander, F. J.; Fosalba, P.; Gaztanaga, E.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Fac Ciencies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Bertin, E.] Univ Paris 06, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Bertin, E.] CNRS, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Burke, D. L.; Cunha, C. E.; Roodman, A.; Rykoff, E. S.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Burke, D. L.; Roodman, A.; Rykoff, E. S.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Rosell, A. Carnero; Fausti Neto, A.; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R.; Sobreira, F.; da Costa, L. N.] Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Rosell, A. Carnero; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R.; da Costa, L. N.] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Eifler, T. F.; Sako, M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Eifler, T. F.; Plazas, A. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Fernandez, E.; Miquel, R.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Frieman, J.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gruen, D.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Gruen, D.] Univ Observ Munich, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Gruendl, R. A.; Sevilla, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gruendl, R. A.; Swanson, M. E. C.] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Honscheid, K.; Martini, Paul; Suchyta, E.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, K.; Suchyta, E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kuehn, K.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. [Makler, M.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, ICRA, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Martini, Paul] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Plazas, A. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sanchez, E.; Sevilla, I.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Thaler, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vikram, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM ynzhang@umich.edu RI Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; Makler, Martin/G-2639-2012; Fosalba Vela, Pablo/I-5515-2016; Sobreira, Flavia/F-4168-2015; Fernandez, Enrique/L-5387-2014; Gaztanaga, Enrique/L-4894-2014; OI Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; Makler, Martin/0000-0003-2206-2651; Sobreira, Flavia/0000-0002-7822-0658; Fernandez, Enrique/0000-0002-6405-9488; Gaztanaga, Enrique/0000-0001-9632-0815; Sahlen, Martin/0000-0003-0973-4804; Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 FU University of Michigan Rackham; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER40899]; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University; Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey; National Science Foundation [AST-1138766]; MINECO [AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986]; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; European Union FX The authors are pleased to acknowledge support from the University of Michigan Rackham Predoctoral Fellowship and Department of Energy research grant DE-FG02-95ER40899. We are also indebted to Eric Bell, Dragan Huterer, Gabriella De Lucia, Heidi Wu, and Mariangela Bernardi for helpful discussions. We thank the anonymous referee for a very careful reading of the paper and the many helpful suggestions.; Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey.; The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. NR 139 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 2 AR 98 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/2/98 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0ZV UT WOS:000368238500050 ER PT J AU Moghaddam, MG Achuthan, A Bednarcyk, BA Arnold, SM Pineda, EJ AF Moghaddam, Masoud Ghorbani Achuthan, Ajit Bednarcyk, Brett A. Arnold, Steven M. Pineda, Evan J. TI Development of a precipitate size-dependent crystal plasticity constitutive model for two-phase materials and its implementation on a multi-scale computational framework SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Nickel superalloy; Size-dependent constitutive model; Crystal plasticity; Multi-scale modeling ID NANOCRYSTALLINE FCC METALS; STRAIN-GRADIENT PLASTICITY; NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOYS; NI-BASE SUPERALLOY; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; YIELD-STRESS; GRAIN-SIZE; DEFORMATION; POLYCRYSTALLINE AB A new method to introduce size-dependence in crystal plasticity constitutive models, recently developed for single-phase polycrystal materials [1], is extended to two-phase single crystal materials. The precipitate size-dependent crystal plasticity constitutive model is developed by accounting for the resistance to dislocation nucleation and mobility at a material point in the matrix phase near the interface between the precipitate and matrix phases (referred to as precipitate-matrix interface influence region). Following the crystal plasticity constitutive modeling principle, changes in strength and straining-hardening characteristics in the precipitate-matrix interface influence region are captured by introducing a shear flow strain parameter equivalent to the resistance to dislocation nucleation. As a result, for the interface influence region with its thickness and the distribution of the equivalent shear flow strain remaining the same irrespective of the unit-cell size, the precipitate size-dependence is naturally evolved in the constitutive model. A simplified model that considers the precipitate-matrix interface effect on an average sense in the matrix phase is also developed under the general framework. Implementation of this general framework is demonstrated by considering the case of a power-law flow rule and a hyperbolic-secant hardening rule. Accordingly, a characteristic length-scale parameter that defines the effective precipitate size is introduced. Finally, the precipitate size-dependent constitutive model was implemented on a multi-scale computational framework developed by NASA Glenn Research Center. The elastic-plastic behavior of a full-scale Ni-based superalloy disk with variations in the precipitate size along the radius is analyzed as an example problem for the size-dependent multi-scale model. (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Moghaddam, Masoud Ghorbani; Achuthan, Ajit] Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA. [Bednarcyk, Brett A.; Arnold, Steven M.; Pineda, Evan J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Achuthan, A (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA. EM aachutha@clarkson.edu NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 EI 1873-4936 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD JAN 10 PY 2016 VL 651 BP 893 EP 903 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.11.042 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DA0KU UT WOS:000367486800102 ER PT J AU Kargel, JS Leonard, GJ Shugar, DH Haritashya, UK Bevington, A Fielding, EJ Fujita, K Geertsema, M Miles, ES Steiner, J Anderson, E Bajracharya, S Bawden, GW Breashears, DF Byers, A Collins, B Dhital, MR Donnellan, A Evans, TL Geai, ML Glasscoe, MT Green, D Gurung, DR Heijenk, R Hilborn, A Hudnut, K Huyck, C Immerzeel, WW Jiang, LM Jibson, R Kaab, A Khanal, NR Kirschbaum, D Kraaijenbrink, PDA Lamsal, D Liu, SY Lv, MY McKinney, D Nahirnick, NK Nan, ZT Ojha, S Olsenholler, J Painter, TH Pleasants, M Pratima, KC Yuan, QI Raup, BH Regmi, D Rounce, DR Sakai, A Donghui, S Shea, JM Shrestha, AB Shukla, A Stumm, D van der Kooij, M Voss, K Xin, W Weihs, B Wolfe, D Wu, LZ Yao, XJ Yoder, MR Young, N AF Kargel, J. S. Leonard, G. J. Shugar, D. H. Haritashya, U. K. Bevington, A. Fielding, E. J. Fujita, K. Geertsema, M. Miles, E. S. Steiner, J. Anderson, E. Bajracharya, S. Bawden, G. W. Breashears, D. F. Byers, A. Collins, B. Dhital, M. R. Donnellan, A. Evans, T. L. Geai, M. L. Glasscoe, M. T. Green, D. Gurung, D. R. Heijenk, R. Hilborn, A. Hudnut, K. Huyck, C. Immerzeel, W. W. Jiang Liming Jibson, R. Kaab, A. Khanal, N. R. Kirschbaum, D. Kraaijenbrink, P. D. A. Lamsal, D. Liu Shiyin Lv Mingyang McKinney, D. Nahirnick, N. K. Nan Zhuotong Ojha, S. Olsenholler, J. Painter, T. H. Pleasants, M. Pratima, K. C. Yuan, Q. I. Raup, B. H. Regmi, D. Rounce, D. R. Sakai, A. Donghui, Shangguan Shea, J. M. Shrestha, A. B. Shukla, A. Stumm, D. van der Kooij, M. Voss, K. Xin, Wang Weihs, B. Wolfe, D. Wu Lizong Yao Xiaojun Yoder, M. R. Young, N. TI Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; INDUCED LANDSLIDES; LARGE ROCKSLIDES; GLACIERS; DISPLACEMENT; TOPOGRAPHY; CALIFORNIA; AFTERSHOCK; MOUNTAINS; HIMALAYAS AB The Gorkha earthquake (magnitude 7.8) on 25 April 2015 and later aftershocks struck South Asia, killing similar to 9000 people and damaging a large region. Supported by a large campaign of responsive satellite data acquisitions over the earthquake disaster zone, our team undertook a satellite image survey of the earthquakes' induced geohazards in Nepal and China and an assessment of the geomorphic, tectonic, and lithologic controls on quake-induced landslides. Timely analysis and communication aided response and recovery and informed decision-makers. We mapped 4312 coseismic and postseismic landslides. We also surveyed 491 glacier lakes for earthquake damage but found only nine landslide-impacted lakes and no visible satellite evidence of outbursts. Landslide densities correlate with slope, peak ground acceleration, surface downdrop, and specific metamorphic lithologies and large plutonic intrusions. C1 [Kargel, J. S.; Leonard, G. J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Shugar, D. H.] Univ Washington, Sch Interdisciplinary Arts & Sci, Tacoma, WA USA. [Haritashya, U. K.; Pleasants, M.] Univ Dayton, Dept Geol, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Bevington, A.; Geertsema, M.; Heijenk, R.] Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resource Operat, Prince George, BC, Canada. [Fielding, E. J.; Donnellan, A.; Glasscoe, M. T.; Lamsal, D.; Ojha, S.; Painter, T. H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Fujita, K.; Sakai, A.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Miles, E. S.] Univ Cambridge, Scott Polar Res Inst, Cambridge CB2 1ER, England. [Steiner, J.] Fed Inst Technol ETH, Inst Environm Engn, Zurich, Switzerland. [Anderson, E.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Bajracharya, S.; Gurung, D. R.; Khanal, N. R.; Shea, J. M.; Shrestha, A. B.; Stumm, D.] Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Bawden, G. W.; Green, D.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. [Breashears, D. F.] GlacierWorks, Marblehead, MA USA. [Byers, A.] Mt Inst, Elkins, WV USA. [Collins, B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Dhital, M. R.] Tribhuvan Univ, Cent Dept Geol, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Evans, T. L.; Hilborn, A.; Nahirnick, N. K.] Univ Victoria, Dept Geog, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Geai, M. L.] CVA Engn, Suresnes, France. [Hudnut, K.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Huyck, C.] ImageCat, Long Beach, CA USA. [Immerzeel, W. W.; Kraaijenbrink, P. D. A.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jiang Liming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geodesy & Geophys, State Key Lab Geodesy & Earths Dynam, Wuhan, Hubei Province, Peoples R China. [Jibson, R.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA. [Kaab, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway. [Kirschbaum, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Liu Shiyin; Yuan, Q. I.; Donghui, Shangguan] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Lv Mingyang; Wu Lizong] Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [McKinney, D.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Nan Zhuotong] Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Olsenholler, J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX USA. [Pratima, K. C.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Arizona Remote Sensing Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Raup, B. H.] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Regmi, D.] Himalayan Res Ctr, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Rounce, D. R.] Univ Texas Austin, Environm & Water Resources Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Shukla, A.] Wadia Inst Himalayan Geol, Dehra Dun, India. [Shukla, A.; van der Kooij, M.] MacDonald Dettwiler & Associates GSI, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Voss, K.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Xin, Wang] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Architecture & Urban Planning, Xiangtan, Peoples R China. [Weihs, B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Geog, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wolfe, D.] Global Land Ice Measurements Space GLIMS Steward, Anchorage, AK USA. [Yao Xiaojun] Northwest Normal Univ, Coll Geog Sci & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yoder, M. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Young, N.] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas, Australia. RP Kargel, JS (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM kargel@hwr.arizona.edu; dshugar@uw.edu; uharitashya1@udayton.edu RI Fujita, Koji/E-6104-2010; westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/O-2255-2013; Hudnut, Kenneth/B-1945-2009; Painter, Thomas/B-7806-2016; OI Fujita, Koji/0000-0003-3753-4981; westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/0000-0001-5298-1494; Hudnut, Kenneth/0000-0002-3168-4797; Immerzeel, Walter/0000-0002-2010-9543; Pleasants, Mark/0000-0002-9864-5282; Miles, Evan/0000-0001-5446-8571 FU NASA SERVIR Applied Science Team; NASA Cryosphere Program; Hakai Institute; NASA; ICIMOD; Chinese Academy of Sciences [784]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41431070, 41321063] FX J.S.K., G.J.L., and U.K.H. thank the NASA SERVIR Applied Science Team and NASA Cryosphere Program for support. D.H.S. thanks the Hakai Institute for support. Part of this research was sponsored by the NASA Earth Surface and Interior focus area and performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. We gratefully acknowledge support from several "citizen scientists" who provided key observations and reports from various locations in Nepal: D. Rai, J.B. Rai, N. Sapkota, M. Dhan Rai, and M. Gotame, who made on-site inspections and photo documentation of Thulagi (Dona) Lake, Rolpa Lake, Kali Gandaki, and "Lower Pisang" landslide dammed lake. ASTER data are courtesy of NASA/GSFC/METI/Japan Space Systems, the U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team, and GLIMS. We especially laud DigitalGlobe's decision to acquire and make available a vast volume of data for analysis related to Gorkha earthquake response. We thank C. Liang for processing the ALOS-2 wide-swath interferogram. Original ALOS-2 data are copyright 2015 JAXA. This study was partially supported by core funds of ICIMOD contributed by the governments of Afghanistan, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Norway, Pakistan, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. This study was partially supported by the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant 784) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 41431070 and 41321063). The two chief databases produced by this work are available at ICIMOD (landslides, http://rds.icimod.org/Home/DataDetail?metadataId=24055; and glacial lakes, http://rds.icimod.org/Home/DataDetail?metadataId=24065). NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 26 U2 90 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 8 PY 2016 VL 351 IS 6269 AR aac8353 DI 10.1126/science.aac8353 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA4XQ UT WOS:000367806500032 ER PT J AU Olshanii, M Choi, S Dunjko, V Feiguin, AE Perrin, H Ruhl, J Aveline, D AF Olshanii, M. Choi, S. Dunjko, V. Feiguin, A. E. Perrin, H. Ruhl, J. Aveline, D. TI Three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii solitary waves in optical lattices: Stabilization using the artificial quartic kinetic energy induced by lattice shaking SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE Ultracold atoms; Matter waves; Solitary waves; Dispersion management; Shaken lattice ID MATTER-WAVE AB In this Letter, we show that a three-dimensional Bose-Einstein solitary wave can become stable if the dispersion law is changed from quadratic to quartic. We suggest a way to realize the quartic dispersion, using shaken optical lattices. Estimates show that the resulting solitary waves can occupy as little as similar to 1/20-th of the Brillouin zone in each of the three directions and contain as many as N = 10(3) atoms, thus representing a fully mobile macroscopic three-dimensional object. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Olshanii, M.; Choi, S.; Dunjko, V.; Ruhl, J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Feiguin, A. E.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Perrin, H.] Univ Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cite, CNRS, Lab Phys Lasers, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France. [Aveline, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Olshanii, M (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA. EM maxim.olchanyi@umb.edu RI Olshanii, Maxim/M-2830-2013; Perrin, Helene/A-3428-2013 OI Olshanii, Maxim/0000-0003-3629-6002; Perrin, Helene/0000-0001-5624-4133 FU US National Science Foundation [PHY-1402249]; US Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0400] FX We thank David Campbell for his remarks. This work was supported by grants from the US National Science Foundation (PHY-1402249) and the US Office of Naval Research (N00014-12-1-0400). NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 EI 1873-2429 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD JAN 8 PY 2016 VL 380 IS 1-2 BP 177 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2015.09.008 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CX0CU UT WOS:000365365300027 ER PT J AU Flynn-Evans, EE Barger, LK Kubey, AA Sullivan, JP Czeisler, CA AF Flynn-Evans, Erin E. Barger, Laura K. Kubey, Alan A. Sullivan, Jason P. Czeisler, Charles A. TI Circadian misalignment affects sleep and medication use before and during spaceflight SO NPJ MICROGRAVITY LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL-SPACE-STATION; CYCLE OSCILLATOR MODEL; BRIGHT LIGHT; SHIFT WORK; NIGHT WORK; PACEMAKER; ALERTNESS; RHYTHMS; PERFORMANCE; ASTRONAUTS AB Sleep deficiency and the use of sleep-promoting medication are prevalent during spaceflight. Operations frequently dictate work during the biological night and sleep during the biological day, which contribute to circadian misalignment. We investigated whether circadian misalignment was associated with adverse sleep outcomes before (preflight) and during spaceflight missions aboard the International Space Station (ISS). Actigraphy and photometry data for 21 astronauts were collected over 3,248 days of long-duration spaceflight on the ISS and 11 days prior to launch (n = 231 days). Sleep logs, collected one out of every 3 weeks in flight and daily on Earth, were used to determine medication use and subjective ratings of sleep quality. Actigraphy and photometry data were processed using Circadian Performance Simulation Software to calculate the estimated endogenous circadian temperature minimum. Sleep episodes were classified as aligned or misaligned relative to the estimated endogenous circadian temperature minimum. Mixed-effects regression models accounting for repeated measures were computed by data collection interval (preflight, flight) and circadian alignment status. The estimated endogenous circadian temperature minimum occurred outside sleep episodes on 13% of sleep episodes during preflight and on 19% of sleep episodes during spaceflight. The mean sleep duration in low-Earth orbit on the ISS was 6.4 +/- 1.2 h during aligned and 5.4 +/- 1.4 h (P < 0.01) during misaligned sleep episodes. During aligned sleep episodes, astronauts rated their sleep quality as significantly better than during misaligned sleep episodes (66.8 +/- 17.7 vs. 60.2 +/- 21.0, P < 0.01). Sleep-promoting medication use was significantly higher during misaligned (24%) compared with aligned (11%) sleep episodes (P < 0.01). Use of any medication was significantly higher on days when sleep episodes were misaligned (63%) compared with when sleep episodes were aligned (49%; P < 0.01). Circadian misalignment is associated with sleep deficiency and increased medication use during spaceflight. These findings suggest that there is an immediate need to deploy and assess effective countermeasures to minimize circadian misalignment and consequent adverse sleep outcomes both before and during spaceflight. C1 [Flynn-Evans, Erin E.; Barger, Laura K.; Kubey, Alan A.; Sullivan, Jason P.; Czeisler, Charles A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Sleep & Circadian Disorders, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Flynn-Evans, Erin E.; Barger, Laura K.; Czeisler, Charles A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Sleep Med, Boston, MA USA. [Flynn-Evans, Erin E.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Explorat Technol Directorate, Fatigue Countermeasures Lab,Human Syst Integrat D, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Flynn-Evans, EE (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Sleep & Circadian Disorders, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA.; Flynn-Evans, EE (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Sleep Med, Boston, MA USA.; Flynn-Evans, EE (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Explorat Technol Directorate, Fatigue Countermeasures Lab,Human Syst Integrat D, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM erin.e.flynn-evans@nasa.gov NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 2373-8065 J9 NPJ MICROGRAVITY JI NPJ Microgravity PD JAN 7 PY 2016 VL 2 AR 15019 DI 10.1038/npjmgrav.2015.19 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DN9HB UT WOS:000377389000001 ER PT J AU Whittaker, JD Swenson, LJ Volkmann, MH Spear, P Altomare, F Berkley, AJ Bumble, B Bunyk, P Day, PK Eom, BH Harris, R Hilton, JP Hoskinson, E Johnson, MW Kleinsasser, A Ladizinsky, E Lanting, T Oh, T Perminov, I Tolkacheva, E Yao, J AF Whittaker, J. D. Swenson, L. J. Volkmann, M. H. Spear, P. Altomare, F. Berkley, A. J. Bumble, B. Bunyk, P. Day, P. K. Eom, B. H. Harris, R. Hilton, J. P. Hoskinson, E. Johnson, M. W. Kleinsasser, A. Ladizinsky, E. Lanting, T. Oh, T. Perminov, I. Tolkacheva, E. Yao, J. TI A frequency and sensitivity tunable microresonator array for high-speed quantum processor readout SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID KINETIC INDUCTANCE CAMERA AB Superconducting microresonators have been successfully utilized as detection elements for a wide variety of applications. With multiplexing factors exceeding 1000 detectors per transmission line, they are the most scalable low-temperature detector technology demonstrated to date. For high-throughput applications, fewer detectors can be coupled to a single wire but utilize a larger per-detector bandwidth. For all existing designs, fluctuations in fabrication tolerances result in a non-uniform shift in resonance frequency and sensitivity, which ultimately limits the efficiency of bandwidth utilization. Here, we present the design, implementation, and initial characterization of a superconducting microresonator readout integrating two tunable inductances per detector. We demonstrate that these tuning elements provide independent control of both the detector frequency and sensitivity, allowing us to maximize the transmission line bandwidth utilization. Finally, we discuss the integration of these detectors in a multilayer fabrication stack for high-speed readout of the D-Wave quantum processor, highlighting the use of control and routing circuitry composed of single-flux-quantum loops to minimize the number of control wires at the lowest temperature stage. (c) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Whittaker, J. D.; Swenson, L. J.; Volkmann, M. H.; Spear, P.; Altomare, F.; Berkley, A. J.; Bunyk, P.; Harris, R.; Hilton, J. P.; Hoskinson, E.; Johnson, M. W.; Ladizinsky, E.; Lanting, T.; Oh, T.; Perminov, I.; Tolkacheva, E.; Yao, J.] D Wave Syst Inc, Burnaby, BC V5G 4M9, Canada. [Bumble, B.; Day, P. K.; Eom, B. H.; Kleinsasser, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Whittaker, JD (reprint author), D Wave Syst Inc, Burnaby, BC V5G 4M9, Canada. EM jwhittaker@dwavesys.com OI Berkley, Andrew/0000-0002-4235-8452; Whittaker, Jed/0000-0002-0456-3244 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors would like to thank R. Neufeld and D. Walliman for providing photographs of samples, as well as C. Enderud, C. Baron, and M. Babcock for sample preparation and cryogenic support. A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 7 PY 2016 VL 119 IS 1 AR 014506 DI 10.1063/1.4939161 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA DA6HD UT WOS:000367902600032 ER PT J AU Chiow, SW Williams, J Yu, N AF Chiow, Sheng-wey Williams, Jason Yu, Nan TI Noise reduction in differential phase extraction of dual atom interferometers using an active servo loop SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE; GRAVITY; SPACE AB Differential measurements using simultaneous atom interferometers provide unprecedented precision and stability for explorations on the scientific frontiers. Phase extraction between two atom interferometers, however, imposes additional limitations on the overall instrument performance due to nonlinear multiparameter fit and associated reduced data rate and sensitivity. We propose an active differential phase extraction method, which is self-calibratable and yields the theoretical performance of differential measurement for uncorrelated errors, and demonstrate the scheme on a transportable gravity gradiometer. The gravity gradient sensitivity of the instrument is improved by a factor of 3 with the implementation of the technique, which is in consistent with independently measured detection noise. We also demonstrate the accuracy and applicability of the scheme with 33-kg test masses, and achieve 1E uncertainty after 4000 s. C1 [Chiow, Sheng-wey; Williams, Jason; Yu, Nan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Yu, N (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM nan.yu@jpl.nasa.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors acknowledge Thierry Botter, James Kellogg, James Kohel, David Aveline, and Robert Thompson for their contributions to the development of the transportable quantum gravity gradiometer. This work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 14 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN 6 PY 2016 VL 93 IS 1 AR 013602 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.013602 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA DA2WY UT WOS:000367659100007 ER PT J AU McLinden, CA Fioletov, V Krotkov, NA Li, C Boersma, KF Adams, C AF McLinden, Chris A. Fioletov, Vitali Krotkov, Nicklay A. Li, Can Boersma, K. Folkert Adams, Cristen TI A Decade of Change in NO2 and SO2 over the Canadian Oil Sands As Seen from Space SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM; TRENDS; OMI AB A decade (2005-2014) of observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) were used to examine trends in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) over a large region of western Canada and the northern United States, with a focus on the Canadian oil sands. In the oil sands, primarily over an area of intensive surface mining, NO2 tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) are seen to be increasing by as much as 10%/year, with the location of the largest trends in a newly developing NO2 "lobe" well removed from surface monitoring stations. SO2 VCDs in the oil sands have remained approximately constant. The only other significant increase in the region was seen in NO2 over Bakken gas fields in North Dakota which showed increases of up to 5%/yr. By contrast, other locations in the region show substantial declines in both pollutants, providing strong evidence to the efficacy of environmental pollution control measures implemented by both nations. The OMI-derived trends were found to be consistent with those from the Canadian surface monitoring network, although in the case of SO2, it was necessary to apply a correction in order to remove the residual signal from volcanic eruptions present in the OMI data. C1 [McLinden, Chris A.; Fioletov, Vitali; Adams, Cristen] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Krotkov, Nicklay A.; Li, Can] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Li, Can] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Boersma, K. Folkert] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, NL-3731 GA De Bilt, Netherlands. [Boersma, K. Folkert] Wageningen Univ, Dept Meteorol & Air Qual, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. RP McLinden, CA (reprint author), Environm & Climate Change Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. EM chris.mclinden@canada.ca RI Boersma, Klaas/H-4559-2012; Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012 OI Boersma, Klaas/0000-0002-4591-7635; Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750 FU Joint Canada-Alberta Implementation Plan for Oil Sands Monitoring; NASA Earth Science Division FX This study was supported in part by the Joint Canada-Alberta Implementation Plan for Oil Sands Monitoring. We acknowledge the free use of tropospheric NO2 column data from the OMI sensor from www.temis.nl. We also acknowledge the NASA Earth Science Division for funding of OMI NO2 and SO, products development and analysis. The Dutch-Finnish-built OMI instrument is part of the NASA EOS Aura satellite payload. The OMI project is managed by KNMI and The Netherlands Agency for Aerospace Programs (NIVR). The Blue Marble: Next Generation image used as a background in some of the figures is from NASA's Earth Observatory (http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_cat.php?categoryID=1484). The authors would like to thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments which helped improve this manuscript. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 331 EP 337 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b04985 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA5TU UT WOS:000367866300038 PM 26642237 ER PT J AU Driggers, WB Campbell, MD Debose, AJ Hannan, KM Hendon, MD Martin, TL Nichols, CC AF Driggers, W. B., III Campbell, M. D. Debose, A. J. Hannan, K. M. Hendon, M. D. Martin, T. L. Nichols, C. C. TI Environmental conditions and catch rates of predatory fishes associated with a mass mortality on the West Florida Shelf SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd workshop on sediment dynamics of muddy coasts and estuaries: Physics, biology and their interactions CY OCT 23-26, 2015 CL Zhoushan, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Brevetoxin; Epinephelus morio; Hypoxia; Karenia brevis; Neurotoxin; Red grouper; Red tide; West Florida Shelf ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; RED TIDE; MOBILE-BAY; GULF; MEXICO; COMMUNITIES; ALABAMA AB While conducting a standardized fisheries-independent longline survey in the northern Gulf of Mexico on August 20-21, 2014, dead and/or moribund fishes, estimated to number in the thousands, were observed within a well-defined area of the West Florida Shelf. Fishes from 15 families were identified; however, numerous individuals of relatively large-bodied serranid species were decomposed beyond a state that would allow for identification below the family level. Based on survey catch data from previous years and morphological characteristics associated with the decomposing fishes, it was determined that most of the large unidentified fishes were red grouper (Epinephelus morio). Water profiler cast data collected within the area demonstrated that when compared to previous years (1995-2013) bottom temperature and salinity were consistent with what would be expected; however, dissolved oxygen concentration was lower than normal, and in some cases, hypoxic and chlorophyll a and transmissivity values were anomalously high and low, respectively. Hypoxia, high chlorophyll a concentrations and low transmissivity are thought to have resulted from a bloom of Karenia brevis, which was documented to have occurred in close proximity to the sampling area. As necropsies were not performed, it was not possible to state a definitive cause of death as the effects of brevetoxins are species-specific. However, numerous individuals of most impacted species were observed floating incapacitated, yet alive, in normoxic surface waters suggesting that the impacts we observed were due to the neurotoxicological and/or hemolytic effects of a harmful algal bloom. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Driggers, W. B., III; Campbell, M. D.; Debose, A. J.; Hannan, K. M.; Hendon, M. D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA. [Martin, T. L.; Nichols, C. C.] NOAA, Off Marine & Aviat Operat, NOAA Ship OREGON 2, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA. RP Driggers, WB (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, PO Drawer 1207, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA. EM william.driggers@noaa.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 168 BP 40 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.11.009 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DB0OZ UT WOS:000368208700006 ER PT J AU Zona, D Gioli, B Commane, R Lindaas, J Wofsy, SC Miller, CE Dinardo, SJ Dengel, S Sweeney, C Karion, A Chang, RYW Henderson, JM Murphy, PC Goodrich, JP Moreaux, V Liljedahl, A Watts, JD Kimball, JS Lipson, DA Oechel, WC AF Zona, Donatella Gioli, Beniamino Commane, Roisin Lindaas, Jakob Wofsy, Steven C. Miller, Charles E. Dinardo, Steven J. Dengel, Sigrid Sweeney, Colm Karion, Anna Chang, Rachel Y. -W. Henderson, John M. Murphy, Patrick C. Goodrich, Jordan P. Moreaux, Virginie Liljedahl, Anna Watts, Jennifer D. Kimball, John S. Lipson, David A. Oechel, Walter C. TI Cold season emissions dominate the Arctic tundra methane budget SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE permafrost; aircraft; fall; winter; warming ID EDDY COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PERMAFROST CARBON; ACTIVE LAYER; WEST SIBERIA; CH4 FLUX; MODELS; CO2; AIRCRAFT AB Arctic terrestrial ecosystems are major global sources of methane (CH4); hence, it is important to understand the seasonal and climatic controls on CH4 emissions from these systems. Here, we report year-round CH4 emissions from Alaskan Arctic tundra eddy flux sites and regional fluxes derived from aircraft data. We find that emissions during the cold season (September to May) account for >= 50% of the annual CH4 flux, with the highest emissions from noninundated upland tundra. A major fraction of cold season emissions occur during the "zero curtain" period, when subsurface soil temperatures are poised near 0 degrees C. The zero curtain may persist longer than the growing season, and CH4 emissions are enhanced when the duration is extended by a deep thawed layer as can occur with thick snow cover. Regional scale fluxes of CH4 derived from aircraft data demonstrate the large spatial extent of late season CH4 emissions. Scaled to the circumpolar Arctic, cold season fluxes from tundra total 12 +/- 5 (95% confidence interval) Tg CH4 y(-1), similar to 25% of global emissions from extratropical wetlands, or similar to 6% of total global wetland methane emissions. The dominance of late-season emissions, sensitivity to soil environmental conditions, and importance of dry tundra are not currently simulated in most global climate models. Because Arctic warming disproportionally impacts the cold season, our results suggest that higher cold-season CH4 emissions will result from observed and predicted increases in snow thickness, active layer depth, and soil temperature, representing important positive feedbacks on climate warming. C1 [Zona, Donatella; Murphy, Patrick C.; Goodrich, Jordan P.; Moreaux, Virginie; Lipson, David A.; Oechel, Walter C.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Zona, Donatella] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Gioli, Beniamino] CNR, Inst Biometeorol, I-50145 Florence, Italy. [Commane, Roisin; Lindaas, Jakob; Wofsy, Steven C.; Chang, Rachel Y. -W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Miller, Charles E.; Dinardo, Steven J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Dengel, Sigrid] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Sweeney, Colm; Karion, Anna] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80304 USA. [Sweeney, Colm] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Chang, Rachel Y. -W.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Henderson, John M.] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA. [Liljedahl, Anna] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Liljedahl, Anna] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Watts, Jennifer D.; Kimball, John S.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Oechel, Walter C.] Open Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Ecosyst, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. RP Zona, D (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM dzona@mail.sdsu.edu RI Zona, Donatella/G-4039-2010; Commane, Roisin/E-4835-2016; Dengel, Sigrid/F-7488-2016; Gioli, Beniamino/A-1251-2009; OI Commane, Roisin/0000-0003-1373-1550; Dengel, Sigrid/0000-0002-4774-9188; Gioli, Beniamino/0000-0001-7631-2623; Lindaas, Jakob/0000-0003-1872-3162 FU Division of Polar Programs of the National Science Foundation (NSF) [1204263]; Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE), an Earth Ventures investigation, under National Aeronautics and Space Administration [EV-1]; Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC005160]; NSF Division of Polar Programs FX We thank the Global Change Research Group at San Diego State University, UMIAQ, Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation (UIC), CH2M HILL Polar Services for logistical support; Salvatore Losacco, Owen Hayman, and Herbert Njuabe for help with field data collection; David Beerling for comments on the manuscript; Scot Miller for suggestions on the statistical analysis; and George Burba for suggestions on the data quality assessment. The statistical analysis was performed using R, and we thank the R Developing Core Team. This research was conducted on land owned by the UIC. This work was funded by the Division of Polar Programs of the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Award 1204263); Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE), an Earth Ventures (EV-1) investigation, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and Department of Energy (DOE) Grant DE-SC005160. Logistical support was funded by the NSF Division of Polar Programs. NR 64 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 27 U2 80 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 1 BP 40 EP 45 DI 10.1073/pnas.1516017113 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA0XH UT WOS:000367520400029 PM 26699476 ER PT J AU Teegavarapu, RSV Pathak, CS Mecikalski, JR Srikishen, J AF Teegavarapu, Ramesh S. V. Pathak, Chandra S. Mecikalski, John R. Srikishen, Jayanthi TI Optimal solar radiation sensor network design using spatial and geostatistical analyses SO JOURNAL OF SPATIAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE geostatistics; standard error; optimal sensor network; geospatial analysis; evapotranspiration; solar radiation ID SURFACE INSOLATION; SATELLITE DATA; POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SAMPLING DESIGN; METEOSAT DATA; MODEL; IRRADIANCE; CLIMATOLOGY; EVAPORATION; WATER AB A methodology for optimal ground-based sensor network design for an evapotranspiration (ET) estimation method which uses solar radiation as the only parameter is developed and evaluated in this study. The methodology employs geospatial analyses and a geostatistical approach, and data from ground-based sensors and satellite-based estimates of solar insolation (i.e. total amount of solar radiation energy received on a given surface area during a given time) considering the spatial variability of the data. The applicability of the methodology is demonstrated by using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-estimated and 29 ground sensor-based observed solar insolation data in the South Florida region of the USA. Results indicate that the optimal design of network depends on the spatial variability of insolation, analysis block size defined based on region-specific radiation characteristics, and the standard error used as a metric of network estimation accuracy. C1 [Teegavarapu, Ramesh S. V.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Pathak, Chandra S.] US Army, Corps Engineers, Hydrol Hydraul & Coastal Community Practice, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Mecikalski, John R.] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, 320 Sparkmen Dr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Srikishen, Jayanthi] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RP Teegavarapu, RSV (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. EM rteegava@fau.edu FU South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), Florida, USA FX The authors sincerely thank the three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for providing several constructive comments that have led to substantial improvement of the manuscript. The study reported in the paper was supported by South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), Florida, USA. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1449-8596 EI 1836-5655 J9 J SPAT SCI JI J. Spat. Sci. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 61 IS 1 BP 69 EP 97 DI 10.1080/14498596.2015.1051147 PG 29 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA DI9PQ UT WOS:000373835300002 ER PT J AU Keller, K AF Keller, Kristi TI Response to Stuart Kauffman: The Cosmic Mind and NIODA SO THEOLOGY AND SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Cosmic mind; Which-way information; Stuart Kauffman; Nonlocality; Schrodinger equation; Robert John Russell; Quantum physics; EPR AB Non-locality, indeterminacy, the meaning of the Schrodinger equation, and quantum measurements are interpretation issues in quantum mechanics that go beyond our typical view of the world through the classical physics lenses of the mechanistic determinism. In "Cosmic Mind?," Stuart Kauffman offers an interpretation of the Schrodinger equation and quantum measurements that might support a cosmic mind. Robert John Russell in NIODA uses the indeterminacy to offer a mechanism for God to interact with nature. This response reviews these two interpretations of quantum mechanics with respect to the two-slit and EPR experiments and how these two interpretations of quantum mechanics could solve issues of interpretations. C1 [Keller, Kristi] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Keller, Kristi] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20005 USA. RP Keller, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.; Keller, K (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM kakeller2013@yahoo.com NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1474-6700 EI 1474-6719 J9 THEOL SCI JI Theol. Sci. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 14 IS 1 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1080/14746700.2015.1122326 PG 5 WC Religion SC Religion GA DF0LN UT WOS:000371030700005 ER PT J AU Baumann, P Mazzetti, P Ungar, J Barbera, R Barboni, D Beccati, A Bigagli, L Boldrini, E Bruno, R Calanducci, A Campalani, P Clements, O Dumitru, A Grant, M Herzig, P Kakaletris, G Laxton, J Koltsida, P Lipskoch, K Mahdiraji, AR Mantovani, S Merticariu, V Messina, A Misev, D Natali, S Nativi, S Oosthoek, J Pappalardo, M Passmore, J Rossi, AP Rundo, F Sen, M Sorbera, V Sullivan, D Torrisi, M Trovato, L Veratelli, MG Wagner, S AF Baumann, Peter Mazzetti, Paolo Ungar, Joachim Barbera, Roberto Barboni, Damiano Beccati, Alan Bigagli, Lorenzo Boldrini, Enrico Bruno, Riccardo Calanducci, Antonio Campalani, Piero Clements, Oliver Dumitru, Alex Grant, Mike Herzig, Pasquale Kakaletris, George Laxton, John Koltsida, Panagiota Lipskoch, Kinga Mahdiraji, Alireza Rezaei Mantovani, Simone Merticariu, Vlad Messina, Antonio Misev, Dimitar Natali, Stefano Nativi, Stefano Oosthoek, Jelmer Pappalardo, Marco Passmore, James Rossi, Angelo Pio Rundo, Francesco Sen, Marcus Sorbera, Vittorio Sullivan, Don Torrisi, Mario Trovato, Leonardo Veratelli, Maria Grazia Wagner, Sebastian TI Big Data Analytics for Earth Sciences: the EarthServer approach SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE Big Data Analytics; array databases; big data; Earth Sciences; interoperability; standards AB Big Data Analytics is an emerging field since massive storage and computing capabilities have been made available by advanced e-infrastructures. Earth and Environmental sciences are likely to benefit from Big Data Analytics techniques supporting the processing of the large number of Earth Observation datasets currently acquired and generated through observations and simulations. However, Earth Science data and applications present specificities in terms of relevance of the geospatial information, wide heterogeneity of data models and formats, and complexity of processing. Therefore, Big Earth Data Analytics requires specifically tailored techniques and tools. The EarthServer Big Earth Data Analytics engine offers a solution for coverage-type datasets, built around a high performance array database technology, and the adoption and enhancement of standards for service interaction (OGC WCS and WCPS). The EarthServer solution, led by the collection of requirements from scientific communities and international initiatives, provides a holistic approach that ranges from query languages and scalability up to mobile access and visualization. The result is demonstrated and validated through the development of lighthouse applications in the Marine, Geology, Atmospheric, Planetary and Cryospheric science domains. C1 [Baumann, Peter; Beccati, Alan; Campalani, Piero; Dumitru, Alex; Lipskoch, Kinga; Mahdiraji, Alireza Rezaei; Merticariu, Vlad; Misev, Dimitar; Oosthoek, Jelmer; Rossi, Angelo Pio] Jacobs Univ Bremen, Large Scale Sci Informat Syst, D-28759 Bremen, Germany. [Baumann, Peter] Rasdaman GmbH, Bremen, Germany. [Mazzetti, Paolo; Bigagli, Lorenzo; Boldrini, Enrico; Nativi, Stefano] Inst Atmospher Pollut Res, Natl Res Council Italy, CNR IIA, Florence, Italy. [Ungar, Joachim] EOX IT Serv GmbH, Vienna, Austria. [Barbera, Roberto; Bruno, Riccardo; Rundo, Francesco; Sorbera, Vittorio] Consorzio COMETA, Catania, Italy. [Barbera, Roberto; Bruno, Riccardo; Calanducci, Antonio; Torrisi, Mario] Italian Natl Inst Nucl Phys, Div Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbera, Roberto] Univ Catania, Dept Phys & Astron, Catania, Italy. [Barboni, Damiano; Mantovani, Simone; Natali, Stefano; Veratelli, Maria Grazia] MEEO Srl, Ferrara, Italy. [Clements, Oliver; Grant, Mike] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England. [Herzig, Pasquale; Wagner, Sebastian] Fraunhofer IGD, Darmstadt, Germany. [Kakaletris, George; Koltsida, Panagiota] Athena Res & Innovat Ctr Informat Commun & Knowle, Athens, Greece. [Laxton, John] British Geol Survey, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Messina, Antonio; Pappalardo, Marco; Trovato, Leonardo] Software Engn Italia Srl, Catania, Italy. [Passmore, James; Sen, Marcus] British Geol Survey, Keyworth NG12 5GG, Notts, England. [Sullivan, Don] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Baumann, P (reprint author), Jacobs Univ Bremen, Large Scale Sci Informat Syst, D-28759 Bremen, Germany.; Baumann, P (reprint author), Rasdaman GmbH, Bremen, Germany. EM p.baumann@jacobs-university.de RI Nativi, Stefano/E-7180-2016; Mazzetti, Paolo/B-6098-2015; OI Nativi, Stefano/0000-0003-3185-8539; Mazzetti, Paolo/0000-0002-8291-1128; Bruno, Riccardo/0000-0002-3517-6597; Bigagli, Lorenzo/0000-0003-1734-577X; Boldrini, Enrico/0000-0003-2075-4742 FU European Community [283610 EarthServer] FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community under grant agreement 283610 EarthServer. NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 EI 1753-8955 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 9 IS 1 BP 3 EP 29 DI 10.1080/17538947.2014.1003106 PG 27 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA DE5HO UT WOS:000370662200002 ER PT J AU Lewis, A Lymburner, L Purss, MBJ Brooke, B Evans, B Ip, A Dekker, AG Irons, JR Minchin, S Mueller, N Oliver, S Roberts, D Ryan, B Thankappana, M Woodcock, R Wyborn, L AF Lewis, Adam Lymburner, Leo Purss, Matthew B. J. Brooke, Brendan Evans, Ben Ip, Alex Dekker, Arnold G. Irons, James R. Minchin, Stuart Mueller, Norman Oliver, Simon Roberts, Dale Ryan, Barbara Thankappana, Medhavy Woodcock, Rob Wyborn, Lesley TI Rapid, high-resolution detection of environmental change over continental scales from satellite data - the Earth Observation Data Cube SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE Australia; Earth Observation Data Cube; HPD; Landsat; surface water; HPC ID LANDSAT DATA AB The effort and cost required to convert satellite Earth Observation (EO) data into meaningful geophysical variables has prevented the systematic analysis of all available observations. To overcome these problems, we utilise an integrated High Performance Computing and Data environment to rapidly process, restructure and analyse the Australian Landsat data archive. In this approach, the EO data are assigned to a common grid framework that spans the full geospatial and temporal extent of the observations - the EO Data Cube. This approach is pixel-based and incorporates geometric and spectral calibration and quality assurance of each Earth surface reflectance measurement. We demonstrate the utility of the approach with rapid time-series mapping of surface water across the entire Australian continent using 27 years of continuous, 25 m resolution observations. Our preliminary analysis of the Landsat archive shows how the EO Data Cube can effectively liberate high-resolution EO data from their complex sensor-specific data structures and revolutionise our ability to measure environmental change. C1 [Lewis, Adam; Lymburner, Leo; Purss, Matthew B. J.; Brooke, Brendan; Ip, Alex; Minchin, Stuart; Mueller, Norman; Oliver, Simon; Roberts, Dale; Thankappana, Medhavy] Geosci Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Evans, Ben; Wyborn, Lesley] Australian Natl Univ, Natl Computat Infrastruc, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Dekker, Arnold G.; Woodcock, Rob] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Irons, James R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Roberts, Dale] Australian Natl Univ, Actuarial Studies & Appl Stat, Res Sch Finance, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Ryan, Barbara] Grp Earth Observat Secretariate, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Lewis, A (reprint author), Geosci Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia. EM adam.lewis@ga.gov.au RI Dekker, Arnold/G-8863-2011; OI Thankappan, Medhavy/0000-0001-8695-681X FU Commonwealth of Australia; ANU's NCI Facility FX Thanks to Bryan Lawrence (University of Reading), Clinton Foster and David Lescinsky (GA) and two anonymous reviewers for useful comments, and Chris Evenden (GA) for drafting the figures. This research was funded by the Commonwealth of Australia and the ANU's NCI Facility. GA staff publish with permission of the Chief Executive Officer, Geoscience Australia. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 EI 1753-8955 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 9 IS 1 BP 106 EP 111 DI 10.1080/17538947.2015.1111952 PG 6 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA DE5HO UT WOS:000370662200006 ER PT J AU Parker, PA AF Parker, Peter A. TI Discussion of "Space-filling designs for computer experiments: A review" SO QUALITY ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material ID QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES; REEXAMINATION C1 [Parker, Peter A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Parker, PA (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Mail Stop 238, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM peter.a.parker@nasa.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0898-2112 EI 1532-4222 J9 QUAL ENG JI Qual. Eng. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 1 SI SI BP 39 EP 41 DI 10.1080/08982112.2015.1100450 PG 3 WC Engineering, Industrial; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mathematics GA DD3LX UT WOS:000369824800009 ER PT J AU Vallabh, R Hassanin, AH Said, MA Seyam, AFM AF Vallabh, Rahul Hassanin, Ahmed H. Said, Magdi A. Seyam, Abdel-Fattah M. TI Improving high-altitude UV-Vis resistance of PBO braided tendons of NASA's super pressure balloons SO JOURNAL OF THE TEXTILE INSTITUTE LA English DT Article DE PBO; UV-Vis resistance; photo-degradation; high-altitude UV exposure ID AGING RESISTANCE; FIBERS AB Super pressure balloons (SPBs) are used by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for ultra-long duration ballooning (ULDB) missions which carry various scientific explorations to support space and earth sciences research activities. The resistance to photo-degradation of load-bearing braided tendons of SPBs is critical to the success of ULDB missions. Recognizing the critical need to improve UV and visible light (UV-Vis) protective performance of p-phenylene-2, 6-benzobisoxazole (PBO) braids, North Carolina State University and NASA's Balloon Program collaborated to investigate the effectiveness of sheath extrusion method in improving the UV-Vis resistance of tendons. This study included two PBO tendon types - 48,000 (48k) denier tendons and 72,000 (72k) denier tendons. Using a sheath extrusion method, the tendons were covered with UV protective sheath of low-density polyethylene containing two types of UV inhibitors - TiO2 rutile nanoparticles and PolyOne PE White CC (R). Bare and sheathed tendons were subjected to artificial UVB exposure in the lab as well as to both high altitude and ground exposure during flight missions conducted by NASA. Protection against radiation exposure was evaluated by determining the loss of tensile strength after exposure. UV-Vis protection of tendons improved with an increase in sheath thickness as well as UV inhibitor content in the sheath. The results also showed that 72k denier braids had higher resistance against UV degradation compared to 48k denier braids. In-flight exposure results confirmed the comparative UV protective performance of tendons exposed to accelerated artificial UVB exposure in lab. 72k denier tendon covered with sheath containing 10% PE White CC (R) (sheath thickness of 0.37mm) experienced the lowest strength loss among all tendon samples to high-altitude exposure during flight missions. The study has also utilized UV-Vis transmittance of the sheath covering the braids as a method of evaluating the performance of the protective sheaths. C1 [Vallabh, Rahul; Seyam, Abdel-Fattah M.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Text, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hassanin, Ahmed H.] Univ Alexandria, Dept Text Engn, Alexandria, Egypt. [Said, Magdi A.] NASA, Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA USA. RP Vallabh, R (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Text, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM rvallab@ncsu.edu RI hassanin, ahmed/A-4718-2017 FU North Carolina State University; NASA, Balloon Research and Development Laboratory [NNX10AE26G] FX This work was supported by North Carolina State University; NASA, Balloon Research and Development Laboratory [grant number NNX10AE26G]. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0040-5000 EI 1754-2340 J9 J TEXT I JI J. Text. Inst. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 107 IS 1 BP 136 EP 143 DI 10.1080/00405000.2015.1077021 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA CZ0QX UT WOS:000366812100015 ER PT J AU Murphy, DM Telg, H Eck, TF Rodriguez, J Stalin, SE Bates, TS AF Murphy, D. M. Telg, H. Eck, T. F. Rodriguez, J. Stalin, S. E. Bates, T. S. TI A miniature scanning sun photometer for vertical profiles and mobile platforms SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL DEPTH; WATER-VAPOR; AEROSOL; NETWORK; COLUMN AB A miniature sun photometer has been developed that makes continuous almucantar scans to measure solar irradiance and sky radiance in four wavelength bands set by interference filters. It has a well-defined field of view and can rapidly compensate for a tilting platform. It weighs less than 400 g and has an average power consumption of less than 5 W. Together, these characteristics make it suitable for vertical profiles using small balloons or unmanned aircraft systems (UASs). Preliminary results are presented showing measurements of optical depth and the phase function of scattered sunlight. An optical depth of about 0.03 in a clean boundary layer was measurable with an accuracy of better than 0.01. C1 [Murphy, D. M.] NOSS ESRL Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Telg, H.] Univ Colorado, NOAA ESRL Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Telg, H.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Eck, T. F.] Univ Space Res Assoc, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Rodriguez, J.] Fibertek Inc, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Stalin, S. E.; Bates, T. S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Bates, T. S.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Murphy, DM (reprint author), NOSS ESRL Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM Daniel.M.Murphy@noaa.gov RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016; Murphy, Daniel/J-4357-2012; OI Murphy, Daniel/0000-0002-8091-7235; Telg, Hagen/0000-0002-4911-2703 FU internal NOAA seed money grant; NOAA; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation FX This work was funded by an internal NOAA seed money grant as well as NOAA base and climate funding. Funding for the flight time was provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1080/02786826.2015.1121200 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CY8SA UT WOS:000366677400001 ER PT J AU Eguchi, N Kodera, K Funatsu, BM Takashima, H Ueyama, R AF Eguchi, Nawo Kodera, Kunihiko Funatsu, Beatriz M. Takashima, Hisahiro Ueyama, Rei TI Rapid Convective Transport of Tropospheric Air into the Tropical Lower Stratosphere during the 2010 Sudden Stratospheric Warming SO SOLA LA English DT Article ID BREWER-DOBSON CIRCULATION; WATER-VAPOR; TROPOPAUSE; CLOUDS; VARIABILITY; MODEL; CO AB A possible transport mechanism from the tropical troposphere to the lower stratosphere (LS) across the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is through convective overshooting clouds (COV) that inject air with tropospheric characteristics ( high carbon monoxide (CO) and low ozone (O-3) concentrations) into the LS over a few days. Evidence of such convective intrusions was observed at the end of January 2010, associated with increased convective activity over the southern African continent following the onset of a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the northern hemisphere, lasting approximately two weeks. The modulation of tropical stratospheric upwelling by SSW appears to have forced stronger and deeper tropical convection, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere tropics. The tropospheric (CO-rich, O-3-poor) air injected into the TTL by COV then gradually moved upward via the tropical stratospheric upwelling strengthened by SSW. Meanwhile the O-3 decrease started in the middle stratosphere and descended gradually to the TTL, indicating that the effect of stratospheric upwelling reached the TTL. The present results suggest that the direct and indirect (strengthened convective clouds) effects of stratospheric upwelling modulated by SSW can have a large impact on the trace gas fields in the TTL and LS. C1 [Eguchi, Nawo] Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Kasuga Pk 6-1, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. [Kodera, Kunihiko] Nagoya Univ, Inst Space Earth Environm Res, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. [Funatsu, Beatriz M.] Univ Rennes 2, CNRS UMR 6554, LETG Rennes COSTEL, Rennes, France. [Takashima, Hisahiro] Fukuoka Univ, Fac Sci, Fukuoka, Japan. [Ueyama, Rei] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Eguchi, N (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Kasuga Pk 6-1, Kasuga, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan. EM nawo@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp FU JSPS Kakenhi [25340010]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Program for Promoting the Enhancement of Research Universities at Kyushu University FX The present work was partly supported by a JSPS Kakenhi Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), No. 25340010, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and partly by the Program for Promoting the Enhancement of Research Universities at Kyushu University. The MHS data used in this study were provided by the NOAA FS Comprehensive Large Array Data Stewardship System (Data set: TOVS), and were obtained with support from the French INSU-CNES Mixed Service Unit ICARE via CLIMSERV-IPSL. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU METEOROLOGICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA C/O JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY 1-3-4 OTE-MACHI, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 100-0004, JAPAN SN 1349-6476 J9 SOLA JI SOLA PY 2016 VL 12A SI SI BP 13 EP 17 DI 10.2151/sola.12A-003 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EP1OX UT WOS:000397155300004 ER PT B AU Conway, EM AF Conway, Erik M. BE Montgomery, GM Largent, MA TI SPACE AND PLANETARY SCIENCES SO COMPANION TO THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN SCIENCE SE Wiley Blackwell Companions to American History LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Conway, Erik M.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Conway, EM (reprint author), NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-119-07222-5; 978-1-4051-5625-7 J9 WILEY BLACK COMP AME PY 2016 BP 276 EP 288 PG 13 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; History Of Social Sciences SC History & Philosophy of Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BG0IN UT WOS:000386252300023 ER PT J AU Reinsch, SS Galazka, JM Berrios, DC Chakravarty, K Fogle, H Lai, S Boyko, V Timucin, LR Tran, PB Skidmore, M AF Reinsch, S. S. Galazka, J. M. Berrios, D. C. Chakravarty, K. Fogle, H. Lai, S. Boyko, V. Timucin, L. R. Tran, P. B. Skidmore, M. TI GeneLab: Scientific partnerships and an open-access database to maximize usage of omics data from space biology experiments SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 [Reinsch, S. S.; Galazka, J. M.; Berrios, D. C.; Chakravarty, K.; Fogle, H.; Lai, S.; Boyko, V.; Timucin, L. R.; Tran, P. B.; Skidmore, M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Biosci Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Berrios, D. C.; Timucin, L. R.] Univ Affiliated Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Chakravarty, K.] Logyx LLC, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Fogle, H.] Bionetics, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Lai, S.; Boyko, V.] Wyle Labs, Moffett Field, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2016 VL 27 MA P1544 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA EN5LN UT WOS:000396047100546 ER PT S AU Leonard, D Parsons, J Cates, G AF Leonard, Daniel Parsons, Jeremy Cates, Grant GP IEEE TI USING DISCRETE EVENT SIMULATION TO MODEL FLUID COMMODITY USE BY THE SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM SO 2016 10TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (EUCAP) SE Proceedings of the European Conference on Antennas and Propagation LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) CY APR 10-15, 2016 CL Davos, SWITZERLAND AB In May 2013, NASA requested a study to develop a discrete event simulation (DES) model that analyzes the launch campaign process of the Space Launch System (SLS) from an integrated commodities perspective. The scope of the study includes launch countdown and scrub turnaround and focuses on four core launch commodities: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and helium. Previously, the commodities were only analyzed individually and deterministically for their launch support capability, but this study was the first to integrate them to examine the impact of their interactions on a launch campaign as well as the effects of process variability on commodity availability. The model utilized the flow process modules in Rockwell Arena to simulate the commodity flows and calculate total use. The study produced a validated DES model that showed that Kennedy Space Center's ground systems were capable of supporting a 48-hour scrub turnaround for the SLS. C1 [Leonard, Daniel] Prod Apex Inc, DES Modeling & Anal Ctr, 3505 Lake Lynda Dr,Suite 206, Orlando, FL 32817 USA. [Parsons, Jeremy] NASA Kennedy Space Ctr, Ground Syst Dev & Operat Program, Operat Integrat Div, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. [Cates, Grant] Aerosp Corp, DES Modeling & Anal Ctr, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32815 USA. RP Leonard, D (reprint author), Prod Apex Inc, DES Modeling & Anal Ctr, 3505 Lake Lynda Dr,Suite 206, Orlando, FL 32817 USA. EM dan@productivityapex.com; jeremy.w.parsons@nasa.gov; grant.r.cates@nasa.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-3342 BN 978-8-8907-0186-3 J9 PROC EUR CONF ANTENN PY 2016 BP 2954 EP 2965 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XP UT WOS:000388372503061 ER PT S AU Alonso-delPino, M Reck, T Lee, C Jung-Kubiak, C Llombart, N Mehdi, I Chattopadhyay, G AF Alonso-delPino, Maria Reck, Theodore Lee, Choonsup Jung-Kubiak, Cecile Llombart, Nuria Mehdi, Imran Chattopadhyay, Goutam GP IEEE TI Micro-Lens Antenna Integrated in a Silicon Micromachined Receiver at 1.9 THz SO 2016 10TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (EUCAP) SE Proceedings of the European Conference on Antennas and Propagation LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) CY APR 10-15, 2016 CL Davos, SWITZERLAND DE micro-Lens antenna; leaky waveguide; Terahertz; micromachining; DRIE AB This article presents the latest developments of our work related to a micro-lens antenna integrated in a heterodyne receiver using silicon micromachining technology at Terahertz frequencies. The antenna is composed of a waveguide feed which uses a leaky wave cavity to enhance the directivity and illuminate a shallow lens efficiently. The receiver is a dual-polarized balanced heterodyne detector using hot-electron bolometers (HEB) as mixers. The front-end receiver, including the antenna, can be fabricated using silicon micromachining processes and has seamless integration, which reduces the overall size and losses. C1 [Alonso-delPino, Maria; Reck, Theodore; Lee, Choonsup; Jung-Kubiak, Cecile; Mehdi, Imran; Chattopadhyay, Goutam] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Llombart, Nuria] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands. RP Alonso-delPino, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM maria.alonso@jpl.nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-3342 BN 978-8-8907-0186-3 J9 PROC EUR CONF ANTENN PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XP UT WOS:000388372500189 ER PT S AU Novak, MH Miranda, FA Volakis, JL AF Novak, Markus H. Miranda, Felix A. Volakis, John L. GP IEEE TI An Ultra-Wideband Millimeter-Wave Phased Array SO 2016 10TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (EUCAP) SE Proceedings of the European Conference on Antennas and Propagation LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) CY APR 10-15, 2016 CL Davos, SWITZERLAND AB Wideband millimeter-wave arrays are of increasing importance due to their growing use in high data rate systems, including 5G communication networks. In this paper, we present a new class of ultra-wideband millimeter wave arrays that operate from nearly 20 GHz to 90 GHz. The array is based on tightly coupled dipoles. Feeding designs and fabrication challenges are presented, and a method for suppressing feed resonances is provided. C1 [Novak, Markus H.; Volakis, John L.] Ohio State Univ, ElectroSci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Miranda, Felix A.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Novak, MH (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, ElectroSci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. FU NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship [NNX13AL48H] FX This work was supported by a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship, under grant #NNX13AL48H. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-3342 BN 978-8-8907-0186-3 J9 PROC EUR CONF ANTENN PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XP UT WOS:000388372500051 ER PT S AU Wang, N Javadi, H Jarrahi, M AF Wang, Ning Javadi, Hamid Jarrahi, Mona GP IEEE TI Heterodyne Terahertz Detection through Plasmonic Photomixing SO 2016 10TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION (EUCAP) SE Proceedings of the European Conference on Antennas and Propagation LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) CY APR 10-15, 2016 CL Davos, SWITZERLAND DE terahertz heterodyne detection; plasmonic; photomixer; antenna ID ANTENNAS AB A novel heterodyne terahertz detection scheme based on plasmonic photomixing is presented, which is capable of offering high terahertz detection sensitivity levels and detection bandwidths at room temperature. The presented heterodyne detection scheme replaces terahertz mixer and local oscillator of conventional heterodyne receivers with a plasmonic photomixer pumped by an optical local oscillator provided by two wavelength tunable lasers with a terahertz frequency difference. We demonstrate a first proof-of-concept heterodyne receiver prototype designed for operation at 0.1 THz frequency range. C1 [Wang, Ning; Jarrahi, Mona] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Wang, Ning] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Javadi, Hamid] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Wang, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Wang, N (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. FU Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers [N00014-14-1-0573]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-1305931] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (# N00014-14-1-0573) and National Science Foundation (# ECCS-1305931). Part of the research carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, was under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-3342 BN 978-8-8907-0186-3 J9 PROC EUR CONF ANTENN PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XP UT WOS:000388372500021 ER PT J AU Bahl, D Shirazi-Fard, Y Marsh, T Schreurs, A Rael, VE Glikbarg, C Debnath, J Globus, RK Tahimic, CG AF Bahl, D. Shirazi-fard, Y. Marsh, T. Schreurs, A. Rael, V. E. Glikbarg, C. Debnath, J. Globus, R. K. Tahimic, C. G. TI Impact of autophagy deletion on bone structure SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 [Bahl, D.; Shirazi-fard, Y.; Schreurs, A.; Glikbarg, C.; Globus, R. K.; Tahimic, C. G.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Biosci Div, Mountain View, CA USA. [Marsh, T.; Debnath, J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Rael, V. E.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Life Sci Training Program, Mountain View, CA USA. [Rael, V. E.] Univ Chicago, Biol Sci Collegiate Div, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Tahimic, C. G.] Wyle Labs, El Segundo, CA USA. FU NSBRI [MA02501] FX Supported by NSBRI grant MA02501 (Globus) NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2016 VL 27 MA P2333 PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA EN5LO UT WOS:000396047200633 ER PT J AU Neiman-Gonzalez, MA Clemett, SJ Beitman, AJ Alexander, MR Merrill, CL Crucian, BE Sams, CF AF Neiman-Gonzalez, M. A. Clemett, S. J. Beitman, A. J. Alexander, M. R. Merrill, C. L. Crucian, B. E. Sams, C. F. TI Integration of mechanotransduction and T-cell activation thresholds: the effects of mechanical forces on assembly and integration of the signal transduction machinery during T cell activation. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 [Neiman-Gonzalez, M. A.; Beitman, A. J.] KBRWyIe, Biomed Sci & Environm Res, Houston, TX USA. [Clemett, S. J.] Jacobs, Lunar Planetary Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Alexander, M. R.; Merrill, C. L.] CNR, Human Res Program, Houston, TX USA. [Crucian, B. E.; Sams, C. F.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Biomed Sci & Environm Res, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2016 VL 27 MA P2238 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA EN5LO UT WOS:000396047200538 ER PT J AU Tahimic, CG Shirazi-Fard, Y Marsh, T Schreurs, A Rael, VE Glikbarg, C Debnath, J Globus, RK AF Tahimic, C. G. Shirazi-fard, Y. Marsh, T. Schreurs, A. Rael, V. E. Glikbarg, C. Debnath, J. Globus, R. K. TI Atg12 maintains skeletal integrity by modulating pro-osteoclastogenic signals and chondrocyte differentiation SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Cell-Biology (ASCB) CY DEC 03-07, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Soc Cell Biol C1 [Tahimic, C. G.; Shirazi-fard, Y.] Wyle Labs, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Tahimic, C. G.; Shirazi-fard, Y.; Schreurs, A.; Glikbarg, C.; Globus, R. K.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Biosci Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Marsh, T.; Debnath, J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Rael, V. E.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SLSTP, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Rael, V. E.] Univ Chicago, Biol Sci Collegiate Div, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 EI 1939-4586 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PY 2016 VL 27 MA P2324 PG 2 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA EN5LO UT WOS:000396047200624 ER PT S AU Balas, MJ Frost, SA AF Balas, Mark J. Frost, Susan A. GP IEEE TI Direct Adaptive Control for Persistent Disturbance Rejection in Linear Infinite Dimensional Systems SO 2016 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUL 06-08, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Automat Control Council AB Given a linear continuous-time infinite-dimensional plant on a Hilbert space and persistent disturbances of known waveform but unknown amplitude and phase, we show that there exists a stabilizing direct model reference adaptive control law with disturbance rejection and robustness properties. The plant is described by a closed, densely defined linear operator that generates a continuous semigroup of bounded operators on the Hilbert space of states. There is no state or disturbance estimation used in this adaptive approach. Our results are illustrated by adaptive control of general linear diffusion systems. C1 [Balas, Mark J.] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Daytona Beach, FL 32119 USA. [Frost, Susan A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Balas, MJ (reprint author), Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Daytona Beach, FL 32119 USA. EM balasm@erau.edu; susan.frost@nasa.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4673-8682-1 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2016 BP 2542 EP 2547 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BG3XW UT WOS:000388376102097 ER PT S AU Ono, M AF Ono, Masahiro GP IEEE TI Control by Coin Flips: Mixed Strategy for Finite-Horizon Stochastic Optimal Control SO 2016 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUL 06-08, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Automat Control Council AB It may sound counterintuitive that choosing control inputs randomly lowers cost in an optimal control problem. It can be the case in a nonconvex chance-constrained optimal control problem, including stochastic model predictive control (SMPC). This is because allowing mixed strategy convexifies a nonconvex problem; the expected cost and the probability of constraint violation of a mixed strategy control is a convex combination of pure strategy controls. Therefore the improvement in cost that mixed strategy control provides over pure strategy is equal to the duality gap. This paper presents an efficient method to compute an optimal mixed strategy solution through dual optimization. The focus of this paper is given to the solution method to finite-horizon, constrained stochastic optimal control problems, which are solved at each iteration of SMPC. We demonstrate the method on a chance-constrained trajectory planning problem with obstacles. C1 [Ono, Masahiro] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Ono, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM ono@jpl.nasa.gov FU Office of Naval Research Grant [N00014-15-IP-00052] FX The research described in this paper was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-15-IP-00052. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4673-8682-1 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2016 BP 5381 EP 5388 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BG3XW UT WOS:000388376105073 ER PT S AU Zlotnik, DE Forbes, JR Aldrich, JB AF Zlotnik, David E. Forbes, James R. Aldrich, Jack B. GP IEEE TI Control Bandwidth Recovery of Flexible Pointing Systems SO 2016 AMERICAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ACC) SE Proceedings of the American Control Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT American Control Conference (ACC) CY JUL 06-08, 2016 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Automat Control Council ID MANIPULATORS; PAYLOADS AB Instrument pointing control systems mounted on spacecraft are inherently bandwidth-limited (due to lightlydamped flexible modes of the spacecraft) compared to the same system mounted to a rigid body (such as the ground). This work is concerned with the recovery of control bandwidth for spacebased pointing systems via the application of mu-tip control, a passivity-based control methodology. First, the equations of motion of a pointing system are derived. Then, using a "massive payload assumption" a passive input-output map is established between a modified output, called the mu-tip rate, and a modified control input. Bandwidth recovery is confirmed by investigating the frequency response of the linearized system. Simulation results that demonstrate the performance of the developed control algorithm are presented. C1 [Zlotnik, David E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Forbes, James R.] McGill Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 0C3, Canada. [Aldrich, Jack B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Zlotnik, DE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Aerosp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM dzlotnik@umich.edu; james.richard.forbes@mcgill.ca; jaldrich@jpl.nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1619 BN 978-1-4673-8682-1 J9 P AMER CONTR CONF PY 2016 BP 7420 EP 7425 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA BG3XW UT WOS:000388376107079 ER PT S AU Yueh, S Entekhabi, D O'Neill, P Njoku, E Entin, J AF Yueh, Simon Entekhabi, Dara O'Neill, Peggy Njoku, Eni Entin, Jared GP IEEE TI NASA SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE MISSION STATUS AND SCIENCE PERFORMANCE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Soil moisture; radiometer; radar; microwave remote sensing AB The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) observatory was launched January 31, 2015, and its L-band radiometer and radar instruments became operational during April 2015. The SMAP radiometer has been operating flawlessly, however the radar transmitter ceased operation on July 7. This paper provides a summary of the calibration and validation of the SMAP instruments and the current quality assessment of its soil moisture and freeze/thaw products. Since the loss of the radar, the SMAP project has been conducting two parallel activities to enhance the resolution of its soil moisture products. The first explores the Backus Gilbert optimum interpolation and de-convolution techniques based on the oversampling characteristics of the SMAP radiometer. The second investigates the disaggregation of the SMAP radiometer data using the European Space Agency's Sentinel-1 C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to obtain soil moisture products at about 1 to 3 km resolution. In addition, SMAP's L-band data have been found useful for many applications, including vegetation opacity, ocean surface salinity and hurricane ocean surface wind mapping. Highlights of these new applications will be provided. C1 [Yueh, Simon; Njoku, Eni] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Entekhabi, Dara] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [O'Neill, Peggy] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Entin, Jared] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. RP Yueh, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 116 EP 119 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600030 ER PT S AU Misra, S Piepmeier, JR Peng, JZ Mohammed, PN Hudson, D De Amici, G Dinnat, E Le Vine, D Bindlist, R Jackson, T AF Misra, Sidharth Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. Peng, Jinzheng Mohammed, Priscilla N. Hudson, Derek De Amici, Giovanni Dinnat, Emmanuel Le Vine, David Bindlist, Rajat Jackson, Thomas GP IEEE TI Calibration and Validation of the SMAP L-band Radiometer SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE microwave radiometry; calibration AB In this paper we discuss the steps taken for the calibration and validation of the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L-band radiometer. We discuss the use of multiple vicarious sources such as the global ocean mean and celestial cold-sky emissions along with various spacecraft maneuvers to calibrate out gain, offset, antenna pattern of the radiometer. We present initial validation comparison of SMAP brightness temperatures with other L-band missions. C1 [Misra, Sidharth] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.; Peng, Jinzheng; Mohammed, Priscilla N.; Hudson, Derek; De Amici, Giovanni; Dinnat, Emmanuel; Le Vine, David] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Peng, Jinzheng] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. [Mohammed, Priscilla N.] Morgan State Univ, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. [Dinnat, Emmanuel] Chapman Univ, Orange, CA USA. [Bindlist, Rajat; Jackson, Thomas] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Misra, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 120 EP 122 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600031 ER PT S AU Johnson, JT Mohammed, PN Piepmeier, JR Bringer, A Aksoy, M AF Johnson, Joel T. Mohammed, Priscilla N. Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. Bringer, Alexandra Aksoy, Mustafa GP IEEE TI SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE (SMAP) MICROWAVE RADIOMETER RADIO-FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) MITIGATION: ALGORITHM UPDATES AND PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Microwave radiometry; radio frequency interference; SMAP C1 [Johnson, Joel T.; Bringer, Alexandra; Aksoy, Mustafa] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Johnson, Joel T.; Bringer, Alexandra; Aksoy, Mustafa] Ohio State Univ, ElectroSci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Mohammed, Priscilla N.; Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Johnson, JT (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.; Johnson, JT (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, ElectroSci Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 123 EP 124 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600032 ER PT S AU O'Neill, P Chan, S Colliander, A Dunbar, S Njoku, E Bindlish, R Chen, F Jackson, T Burgin, M Piepmeier, J Yueh, S Entekhabi, D Cosh, M Caldwell, T Walker, J Wu, X Berg, A Rowlandson, T Pacheco, A McNairn, H Thibeault, M Martinez-Fernandez, J Gonzalez-Zamora, A Seyfried, M Bosch, D Starks, P Goodrich, D Prueger, J Palecki, M Small, E Zreda, M Calvet, JC Crow, W Kerr, Y AF O'Neill, P. Chan, S. Colliander, A. Dunbar, S. Njoku, E. Bindlish, R. Chen, F. Jackson, T. Burgin, M. Piepmeier, J. Yueh, S. Entekhabi, D. Cosh, M. Caldwell, T. Walker, J. Wu, X. Berg, A. Rowlandson, T. Pacheco, A. McNairn, H. Thibeault, M. Martinez-Fernandez, J. Gonzalez-Zamora, A. Seyfried, M. Bosch, D. Starks, P. Goodrich, D. Prueger, J. Palecki, M. Small, E. Zreda, M. Calvet, J-C. Crow, W. Kerr, Y. GP IEEE TI EVALUATION OF THE VALIDATED SOIL MOISTURE PRODUCT FROM THE SMAP RADIOMETER SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE soil moisture; passive microwave; SMAP; accuracy assessment; cal/val AB NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission launched on January 31, 2015 into a sun-synchronous 6 am/6 pm orbit with an objective to produce global mapping of high-resolution soil moisture and freeze-thaw state every 2-3 days using an L-band (active) radar and an L-band (passive) radiometer. The SMAP radiometer began acquiring routine science data on March 31, 2015 and continues to operate nominally. SMAP's radiometer-derived soil moisture product (L2_SM_P) provides soil moisture estimates posted on a 36 km fixed Earth grid using brightness temperature observations from descending (6 am) passes and ancillary data. A beta quality version of L2_SM_P was released to the public in September, 2015, with the fully validated L2_SM_P soil moisture data expected to be released in May, 2016. Additional improvements (including optimization of retrieval algorithm parameters and upscaling approaches) and methodology expansions (including increasing the number of core sites, model-based intercomparisons, and results from several intensive field campaigns) are anticipated in moving from accuracy assessment of the beta quality data to an evaluation of the fully validated L2_SM_P data product. C1 [O'Neill, P.; Piepmeier, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chan, S.; Colliander, A.; Dunbar, S.; Njoku, E.; Burgin, M.; Yueh, S.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bindlish, R.; Chen, F.; Jackson, T.; Cosh, M.; Crow, W.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20105 USA. [Entekhabi, D.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Caldwell, T.] Univ Texas, Austin, TX USA. [Walker, J.; Wu, X.] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Berg, A.; Rowlandson, T.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Pacheco, A.; McNairn, H.] AAFC, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Thibeault, M.] CONAE, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Martinez-Fernandez, J.; Gonzalez-Zamora, A.] CIALE, Salamanca, Spain. [Seyfried, M.; Bosch, D.; Starks, P.; Goodrich, D.; Prueger, J.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Palecki, M.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Small, E.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Zreda, M.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Calvet, J-C.] CNRM GAME, Paris, France. [Kerr, Y.] CESBIO CNES, Toulouse, France. RP O'Neill, P (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Peggy.E.ONeill@nasa.gov RI Martinez-Fernandez, Jose/B-3877-2012 OI Martinez-Fernandez, Jose/0000-0003-0446-9693 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 125 EP 128 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600033 ER PT S AU Das, NN Entekhabi, D Kim, S Yueh, S O'Neill, P AF Das, N. N. Entekhabi, D. Kim, S. Yueh, S. O'Neill, P. GP IEEE TI Combining SMAP and Sentinel Data for High-Resolution Soil Moisture Product SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Das, N. N.; Kim, S.; Yueh, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Entekhabi, D.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [O'Neill, P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Das, NN (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 129 EP 131 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600034 ER PT S AU Xu, XL Dunbar, RS Derksen, C Colliander, A Kimball, J Kim, Y AF Xu, Xiaolan Dunbar, R. Scott Derksen, Chris Colliander, Andreas Kimball, John Kim, Youngwook GP IEEE TI LANDSCAPE FREEZE/THAW PRODUCTS FROM SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE/PASSIVE (SMAP) RADAR AND RADIOMETER DATA SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE freeze/thaw; SMAP; radar; radiometer ID VEGETATION GROWTH AB The NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission produced a daily landscape freeze/thaw product (L3_FT_A) at 3-km spatial resolution derived from ascending and descending orbits of SMAP high-resolution L-band (1.4 GHz) radar measurements. Following the loss of the SMAP radar in July 2015, coarser (36-km) footprint passive microwave retrievals from the SMAP radiometer were used to derive an alternative daily freeze/thaw product (L3_FT_P). This presentation will provide an overview of the development of both L3_FT products. Validation using in situ observations from core validation sites is used to illustrate differences in the sensitivity of the 3 km radar versus the 36 km radiometer measurements to the landscape freeze/thaw state. C1 [Xu, Xiaolan; Dunbar, R. Scott; Colliander, Andreas] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Derksen, Chris] Environm Canada, Climate Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Kimball, John; Kim, Youngwook] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Xu, XL (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 132 EP 135 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600035 ER PT S AU Reichle, R De Lannoy, G Liu, Q Ardizzone, J Kimball, J Koster, R AF Reichle, R. De Lannoy, G. Liu, Q. Ardizzone, J. Kimball, J. Koster, R. GP IEEE TI SMAP LEVEL 4 SURFACE AND ROOT ZONE SOIL MOISTURE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Soil moisture; data assimilation; SMAP ID MODEL AB The SMAP Level 4 soil moisture (L4_SM) product provides global estimates of surface and root zone soil moisture, along with other land surface variables and their error estimates. These estimates are obtained through assimilation of SMAP brightness temperature observations into the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) land surface model. The L4_SM product is provided at 9 km spatial and 3-hourly temporal resolution and with about 2.5 day latency. The soil moisture and temperature estimates in the L4_SM product are validated against in situ observations. The L4_SM product meets the required target uncertainty of 0.04 m(3)m(-3), measured in terms of unbiased root-mean-square-error, for both surface and root zone soil moisture. C1 [Reichle, R.; Liu, Q.; Ardizzone, J.; Koster, R.] NASA, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [De Lannoy, G.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. [Kimball, J.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Reichle, R (reprint author), NASA, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 136 EP 138 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600036 ER PT S AU Jones, LA Kimball, JS Madani, N Reichle, RH Glassy, J Ardizzone, J AF Jones, L. A. Kimball, J. S. Madani, N. Reichle, R. H. Glassy, J. Ardizzone, J. GP IEEE TI THE SMAP LEVEL 4 CARBON PRODUCT FOR MONITORING TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM-ATMOSPHERE CO2 EXCHANGE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Soil moisture; carbon cycle; SMAP AB The NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission Level 4 Carbon (L4_C) product provides model estimates of Net Ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) incorporating SMAP soil moisture information as a primary driver. The L4_C product provides NEE, computed as total respiration less gross photosynthesis, at a daily time step and approximate 14-day latency posted to a 9-km global grid summarized by plant functional type. The L4_C product includes component carbon fluxes, surface soil organic carbon stocks, underlying environmental constraints, and detailed uncertainty metrics. The L4_C model is driven by the SMAP Level 4 Soil Moisture (L4_SM) data assimilation product, with additional inputs from the Goddard Earth Observing System, Version 5 (GEOS-5) weather analysis and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data. The L4_C data record extends from March 2015 to present with ongoing production. Initial comparisons against global CO2 eddy flux tower measurements, satellite Solar Induced Canopy Florescence (SIF) and other independent observation benchmarks show favorable L4_C performance and accuracy, capturing the dynamic biosphere response to recent weather anomalies and demonstrating the value of SMAP observations for monitoring of global terrestrial water and carbon cycle linkages. C1 [Jones, L. A.; Kimball, J. S.; Madani, N.; Glassy, J.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Reichle, R. H.; Ardizzone, J.] NASA, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Jones, LA (reprint author), Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 139 EP 142 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600037 ER PT S AU Kim, S van Zyl, J Johnson, J Moghaddam, M Tsang, L Colliander, A Dunbar, S Jackson, T Jaruwatanadilok, S West, R Berg, A Caldwell, T Cosh, M Lopez-Baeza, E Thibeault, M Walker, J Entekhabi, D Yueh, S AF Kim, S. van Zyl, J. Johnson, J. Moghaddam, M. Tsang, L. Colliander, A. Dunbar, S. Jackson, T. Jaruwatanadilok, S. West, R. Berg, A. Caldwell, T. Cosh, M. Lopez-Baeza, E. Thibeault, M. Walker, J. Entekhabi, D. Yueh, S. GP IEEE TI Surface soil moisture retrieval using L-band SMAP SAR data and its validation SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Kim, S.; van Zyl, J.; Colliander, A.; Dunbar, S.; Jaruwatanadilok, S.; West, R.; Yueh, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Johnson, J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Moghaddam, M.] Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Tsang, L.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Jackson, T.; Cosh, M.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Berg, A.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Caldwell, T.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Lopez-Baeza, E.] Univ Valencia, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Thibeault, M.] Comis Nacl Actividades Espaciales CONAE, Caba, Argentina. [Walker, J.] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Entekhabi, D.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Kim, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 143 EP 146 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600038 ER PT S AU Ramachandran, R Maskey, M Li, X Bugbee, K AF Ramachandran, Rahul Maskey, Manil Li, Xiang Bugbee, Kaylin GP IEEE TI EXPLOITING DARK INFORMATION RESOURCES TO CREATE NEW VALUE ADDED SERVICES TO STUDY EARTH SCIENCE PHENOMENA SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Ramachandran, Rahul] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35811 USA. [Maskey, Manil; Li, Xiang; Bugbee, Kaylin] Univ Alabama Huntsville, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Ramachandran, R (reprint author), NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35811 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 182 EP 185 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600048 ER PT S AU Donnellan, A Parker, J Glasscoe, M Granat, R Pierce, M Wang, J Ma, Y Ludwig, LG Rundle, J AF Donnellan, Andrea Parker, Jay Glasscoe, Margaret Granat, Robert Pierce, Marlon Wang, Jun Ma, Yu (Marie) Ludwig, Lisa Grant Rundle, John GP IEEE TI GEOGATEWAY: A SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS OF UAVSAR DATA PRODUCTS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Earthquake; UAVSAR; GPS ID DEFORMATION; EARTHQUAKE AB GeoGateway is a web-enabled map-based system for analysis, modeling, and response of geodetic imaging products for studying earthquakes and crustal deformation. The system provides a data product search and analysis gateway for scientific discovery, field use, and disaster response. To be effective users require data overlay and visualization, interactive analysis features, and data product download. The data products of focus in this project are NASA's UAVSAR and spaceborne interferometric radar, (InSAR), geologic earthquake faults, Global Positioning System (GPS) position time series, and seismicity. C1 [Donnellan, Andrea; Parker, Jay; Glasscoe, Margaret; Granat, Robert] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Pierce, Marlon; Wang, Jun; Ma, Yu (Marie)] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Ludwig, Lisa Grant] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Rundle, John] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Donnellan, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 210 EP 213 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600055 ER PT S AU Piles, M Entekhabi, D Konings, AG McColl, KA Das, NN Jagdhuber, T AF Piles, M. Entekhabi, D. Konings, A. G. McColl, K. A. Das, N. N. Jagdhuber, T. GP IEEE TI MULTI-TEMPORAL MICROWAVE RETRIEVALS OF SOIL MOISTURE AND VEGETATION PARAMETERS FROM SMAP SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Active-Passive Microwave Sensing; SMAP; Soil Moisture; Vegetation Structure AB The NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission aims at producing low (36 km) and high-resolution (9 km) global maps of surface soil moisture based on L-band radiometer and radar/radiometer measurements, respectively. In this research study, results of applying a novel retrieval algorithm, the so-called Multi-Temporal Dual Channel Algorithm (MT-DCA) to the first year of SMAP observations are presented. MT-DCA allows retrieving not only soil moisture, but also vegetation optical depth (VOD) and scattering albedo estimates, from passive microwave measurements alone and without reliance of a priori information. At L-band, VOD is proportional to total vegetation water content and albedo accounts for structural changes. The analysis of these parameters at different temporal and spatial scales will reveal the full potential of L-band microwave for global ecology studies. C1 [Piles, M.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar, Pg Maritim Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain. [Entekhabi, D.; McColl, K. A.] MIT, Parsons Lab, Vassar St 15, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Konings, A. G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Das, N. N.] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Jagdhuber, T.] German Aerosp Ctr, Microwaves & Radar Inst, POB 1116, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. RP Piles, M (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar, Pg Maritim Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain. EM mpiles@icm.csic.es; darae@mit.edu; konings@stanford.edu; kmccoll@mit.edu; narendra.n.das@jpl.nasa.gov; thomas.jagdhuber@dlr.de OI Piles, Maria/0000-0002-1169-3098 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 242 EP 245 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600063 ER PT S AU Moreno, JF Goulas, Y Huth, A Middleton, E Miglietta, F Mohammed, G Nedbal, L Rascher, U Verhoef, W Drusch, M AF Moreno, Jose F. Goulas, Yves Huth, Andreas Middleton, Elizabeth Miglietta, Franco Mohammed, Gina Nedbal, Ladislav Rascher, Uwe Verhoef, Wouter Drusch, Matthias GP IEEE TI VERY HIGH SPECTRAL RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY: THE FLUORESCENCE EXPLORER (FLEX) MISSION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE fluorescence; imaging spectroscopy; vegetation; photosynthesis; FLEX Earth Explorer AB The Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) mission has been recently selected as the 8th Earth Explorer by the European Space Agency (ESA). It will be the first mission specifically designed to measure from space vegetation fluorescence emission, by making use of very high spectral resolution imaging spectroscopy techniques. Vegetation fluorescence is the best proxy to actual vegetation photosynthesis which can be measurable from space, allowing an improved quantification of vegetation carbon assimilation and vegetation stress conditions, thus having key relevance for global mapping of ecosystems dynamics and aspects related with agricultural production and food security. The FLEX mission carries the FLORIS spectrometer, with a spectral resolution in the range of 0.3 nm, and is designed to fly in tandem with Copernicus Sentinel-3, in order to provide all the necessary spectral / angular information to disentangle emitted fluorescence from reflected radiance, and to allow proper interpretation of the observed fluorescence spatial and temporal dynamics. C1 [Moreno, Jose F.] Univ Valencia, Fac Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. [Goulas, Yves] CNRS, Lab Meteorol Dynam, Palaiseau, France. [Huth, Andreas] Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Leipzig, Germany. [Middleton, Elizabeth] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Biospher Sci, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Miglietta, Franco] Fdn Edmund Mach, Res & Innovat Ctr, San Michele All Adige, Italy. [Mohammed, Gina] P&M Technol, Sault Ste Marie, ON, Canada. [Nedbal, Ladislav; Rascher, Uwe] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Bio & Geosci, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Verhoef, Wouter] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, Enschede, Netherlands. [Drusch, Matthias] European Space Agcy, Estec, Noordwijk, Netherlands. RP Moreno, JF (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Fac Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. EM Jose.Moreno@uv.es NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 264 EP 267 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600068 ER PT S AU Chaubell, J Yueh, S Entekhabi, D Peng, J AF Chaubell, Julian Yueh, S. Entekhabi, D. Peng, J. GP IEEE TI RESOLUTION ENHANCEMENT OF SMAP RADIOMETER DATA USING THE BACKUS GILBERT OPTIMUM INTERPOLATION TECHNIQUE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Resolution enhancement; Backus-Gilbert theory AB In this paper we summarize the effort to enhance the resolution of SMAP radiometer data. The SMAP radiometer sampling of the Earth surface provides overlapping measurements along scan and along track. The oversampling combined with the given antenna gain function allows reconstruction of the scene with improved resolution. The applied technique is based on the Backus-Gilbert optimum interpolation theory, which is the classical inversion method in microwave radiometry. The results shown in this paper are based on the simulated SMAP measurements and are applicable to the real SMAP radiometer measurements. C1 [Chaubell, Julian; Yueh, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Entekhabi, D.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Peng, J.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Chaubell, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 284 EP 287 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600073 ER PT S AU Le Vine, DM Abraham, S AF Le Vine, D. M. Abraham, S. GP IEEE TI FARADAY ROTATION MEASUREMENT WITH THE SMAP RADIOMETER SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Microwave Remote Sensing; Faraday rotation; L-band AB Faraday rotation is an issue that needs to be taken into account in remote sensing of parameters such as soil moisture and ocean salinity at L-band. This is especially important for SMAP because Faraday rotation varies with azimuth around the conical scan. SMAP retrieves Faraday rotation in situ using the ratio of the third and second Stokes parameters, a procedure that was demonstrated successfully by Aquarius. This manuscript reports the performance of this algorithm on SMAP. Over ocean the process works reasonably well and results compare favorably with expected values. But over land, the inhomogeneous nature of the scene results in much noisier, and in some case unreliable, estimates of Faraday rotation. C1 [Le Vine, D. M.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Abraham, S.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, RS Informat Syst, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Le Vine, DM (reprint author), Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 288 EP 290 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600074 ER PT S AU Peng, JZ Piepmeier, JR De Amici, G Mohammed, PN AF Peng, Jinzheng Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. De Amici, Giovanni Mohammed, Priscilla N. GP IEEE TI SOIL MOISTURE ACTIVE/PASSIVE (SMAP) RADIOMETER SUBBAND CALIBRATION AND CALIBRATION DRIFT SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Peng, Jinzheng; Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.; De Amici, Giovanni; Mohammed, Priscilla N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Peng, Jinzheng] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Mohammed, Priscilla N.] Morgan State Univ, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. RP Peng, JZ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Peng, JZ (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 291 EP 293 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600075 ER PT S AU Miles, LR Wong, M Wu, A DeMarco, E Kim, E Haynes, T AF Miles, Lynn R., Jr. Wong, Mark Wu, Albert DeMarco, Eugenia Kim, Edward Haynes, Tammy GP IEEE TI CALIBRATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A SCANNING L-BAND ACTIVE PASSIVE (SLAP) MICROWAVE RADIOMETER SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Miles, Lynn R., Jr.; Wong, Mark; Wu, Albert; DeMarco, Eugenia; Kim, Edward] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Haynes, Tammy] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Miles, LR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 294 EP 295 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600076 ER PT S AU Johnson, JT Chen, CC O'Brien, A Smith, GE McKelvey, C Andrews, M Ball, C Misra, S Brown, S Kocz, J Jarnot, R Bradley, DC Mohammed, PN Lucey, JF Piepmeier, JR AF Johnson, J. T. Chen, C. C. O'Brien, A. Smith, G. E. McKelvey, C. Andrews, M. Ball, C. Misra, Sidharth Brown, Shannon Kocz, Jonathan Jarnot, Robert Bradley, Damon C. Mohammed, Priscilla N. Lucey, Jared F. Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. GP IEEE TI THE CUBESAT RADIOMETER RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE TECHNOLOGY VALIDATION (CUBERRT) MISSION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Microwave radiometry; radio frequency interference; CubeSat AB The CubeSat Radiometer Radio Frequency Interference Technology Validation (CubeRRT) mission is developing a 6U CubeSat system to demonstrate radio frequency interference (RFI) detection and mitigation technologies for future microwave radiometer remote sensing missions. CubeRRT will perform observations of Earth brightness temperatures from 6-40 GHz using a 1 GHz bandwidth tuned channel, and will demonstrate on-board real-time RFI processing. The system is currently under development, with launch readiness expected in 2018 followed by a one year period of on-orbit operations. Project plans and status are reported in this paper. C1 [Johnson, J. T.; Chen, C. C.; O'Brien, A.; Smith, G. E.; McKelvey, C.; Andrews, M.; Ball, C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Johnson, J. T.; Chen, C. C.; O'Brien, A.; Smith, G. E.; McKelvey, C.; Andrews, M.; Ball, C.] Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Misra, Sidharth; Brown, Shannon; Kocz, Jonathan; Jarnot, Robert] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Bradley, Damon C.; Mohammed, Priscilla N.; Lucey, Jared F.; Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Johnson, JT (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.; Johnson, JT (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 299 EP 301 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600078 ER PT S AU Treuhaft, RN Neumann, M Keller, M Goncalves, FG dos Santos, JR AF Treuhaft, R. N. Neumann, M. Keller, M. Goncalves, F. G. dos Santos, J. R. GP IEEE TI BIOMASS CHANGE IN DISTURBED, SECONDARY, AND PRIMARY TROPICAL FORESTS FROM TANDEM-X SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Aboveground biomass; tropical forest; interferometric SAR; TanDEM-X; change AB The time variation of phase height from interferometric SAR (InSAR) from TanDEM-X is shown for 3 years, in Tapajos National Forest, Brazil. Its RMS, for one secondary stand, about a model linear in time is 0.5 m. This RMS is compared to that for 30 stands at one epoch. The single-epoch RMS for a model linear in mean field height is 2.2 m. It is suggested that the improved performance of the temporal variation may be due to errors in finding the phase height of the ground, which is necessary for single-epoch estimation, but not needed for the "change" measurement. Pending further fieldwork, a tentative conversion of 20 Mg/ha/yr corresponding to 1 m/yr, is proposed. Abrupt discontinuities, as well as phase height rates as a function of stand age/aboveground biomass, are discussed. C1 [Treuhaft, R. N.; Neumann, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Keller, M.] EMBRAPA CPNM, USDA, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Goncalves, F. G.] Agrosatelite Geotecnol Aplicada, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [dos Santos, J. R.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. RP Treuhaft, RN (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 329 EP 331 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600085 ER PT S AU Lee, SK Ryu, JH Lee, YK Kim, KL AF Lee, Seung-Kuk Ryu, Joo-Hyung Lee, Yoon-Kyung Kim, Kye-Lim GP IEEE TI TIDAL FLAT DIGITAL EVELVATION MODEL (DEM) CONSTRUCTION BY MEANS OF TANDEM-X SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Tidal flat; TanDEM-X; InSAR AB This study will explore the feasibility of TanDEM-X interferometric observations in tidal flats. The bi- and monostatic modes of TanDEM-X give us the great possibility for interferometric SAR (InSAR) technique to generate highly accurate intertidal DEM due to no time lag (bistatic case) or approximately 10-second temporal baseline (monostatic case) between master and slave SAR image acquisitions. The TanDEM-X DEM in tidal flats will be validated against RTK-GPS measurements and topographic information measured from UAV system. C1 [Lee, Seung-Kuk] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Lee, Seung-Kuk] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Ryu, Joo-Hyung; Lee, Yoon-Kyung; Kim, Kye-Lim] Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Ansan, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. RP Lee, SK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA.; Lee, SK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 340 EP 341 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600088 ER PT S AU Liu, QH Xiong, XZ Iturbide-Sanchez, F Liu, X Wu, W Gambacorta, A AF Liu, Quanhua Xiong, Xionzhen Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio Liu, Xu Wu, Wan Gambacorta, Antonia GP IEEE TI RETRIEVALS OF TRACE GASES FROM HYPERSPECTRAL SOUNDERS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Physical Retrievals; carbon monoxide; methane; carbon dioxide; NUCAPS; PCRTM AB NUCAPS (NOAA Unique CrIS/ATMS Processing System) uses the same scientific foundation as AIRS team science algorithm. The NUCAPS is being run operationally at NOAA for Suomi-NPP CrIS/ATMS, Metop-A/B IASI/AMSUA/MHS and provides atmospheric profiles of temperature, moisture, ozone, carbon oxide, carbon monoxide, and Methane. The sounding team at NASA developed a retrieval system using principal component radiative transfer model (PCRTM). The NASA retrieval system can be applied under all weather conditions at single field of view (FOV). In this presentation, we will present the trace gaseous environmental data record from hyperspectral sounders. C1 [Liu, Quanhua; Xiong, Xionzhen; Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Liu, Xu; Wu, Wan] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Gambacorta, Antonia] Sci & Technol Corp, Columbia, MD USA. RP Liu, QH (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 353 EP 355 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600092 ER PT S AU de Matthaeis, P Soldo, Y Le Vine, DM AF de Matthaeis, Paolo Soldo, Yan Le Vine, David M. GP IEEE TI ANALYSIS OF RFI STATISTICS FOR AQUARIUS RFI DETECTION AND MITIGATION IMPROVEMENTS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Microwave Remote Sensing; RFI; Aquarius AB Aquarius is an L-band active/passive sensor designed to globally map sea surface salinity from space [1, 2]. Two instruments, a radar scatterometer and a radiometer, observe the same surface footprint almost simultaneously. The radiometer is the primary instrument for sensing sea surface salinity (SSS), while the scatterometer is included to provide a correction for sea surface roughness, which is a primary source of error in the salinity retrieval. Although the primary objective is the measurement of SSS, the instrument combination operates continuously, acquiring data over land and sea ice as well. An important feature of the data processing includes detection and mitigation of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), which is done separately for both active and passive instruments. Correcting for RFI is particularly critical over ocean because of the high accuracy required in the brightness temperature measurements for SSS retrieval. It is also necessary for applications of the Aquarius data over land, where man-made interference is widespread, even though less accuracy is required in this case. This paper will provide an overview of the current status of the Aquarius RFI processing and an update on the ongoing work on the improvement of the RFI detection and mitigation performance. C1 [de Matthaeis, Paolo; Soldo, Yan; Le Vine, David M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP de Matthaeis, P (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 824 EP 825 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600202 ER PT S AU Fernandez-Moran, R Wigneron, JP De Lannoy, G Lopez-Baeza, E Mialon, A Mahmoodi, A Parrens, M Al Bitar, A Richaume, P Kerr, Y AF Fernandez-Moran, R. Wigneron, J. -P De Lannoy, G. Lopez-Baeza, E. Mialon, A. Mahmoodi, A. Parrens, M. Al Bitar, A. Richaume, P. Kerr, Y. GP IEEE TI CALIBRATING THE EFFECTIVE SCATTERING ALBEDO IN THE SMOS ALGORITHM: SOME FIRST RESULTS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE scattering albedo; L-MEB model; SMAP; SMOS; soil moisture ID L-BAND; MICROWAVE EMISSION; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; PARAMETERS; FIELD; MODEL AB This study focuses on the calibration of the effective scattering albedo (.) of vegetation in the soil moisture (SM) retrieval at L-Band. Currently, in the SMOS Level 2 and 3 algorithms, the value of. is set to 0 for low vegetation and similar to 0.06-0.08 for forests. Different parameterizations of vegetation (in terms of. values) were tested in this study. The possibility of combining soil roughness and vegetation contributions as a single parameter ("combined" method) leads to an important simplification in the algorithm and was also evaluated here. Following these assumptions, retrieved values of SMOS SM were compared with SM data measured over many in situ sites worldwide from the International Soil Moisture Network. These validation sites were classified using the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) classification scheme. In situ SM measurements and SM retrievals were compared, and statistical scores were computed. The optimum albedo configuration was then found for each class of the IGBP landcover classification. Preliminary results yield values of albedo between 0.07 to 0.12 under the assumption of homogeneous pixels. C1 [Fernandez-Moran, R.; Wigneron, J. -P] INRA, Ctr INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine, ISPA, UR1391, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Fernandez-Moran, R.; Lopez-Baeza, E.] Univ Valencia, Dept Earth Phys & Thermodynam, Climatol Satellites Grp, Fac Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. [De Lannoy, G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 610-1, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [De Lannoy, G.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. [Mialon, A.; Mahmoodi, A.; Parrens, M.; Al Bitar, A.; Richaume, P.; Kerr, Y.] CESBIO, CNES, CNRS, IRD,UPS,UMR 5126, 18 Ave Edouard Belin, Toulouse, France. RP Fernandez-Moran, R (reprint author), INRA, Ctr INRA Bordeaux Aquitaine, ISPA, UR1391, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. OI FERNANDEZ MORAN, ROBERTO/0000-0002-6030-8598 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 826 EP 829 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600203 ER PT S AU De Amici, G Piepmeier, J Hudson, D Peng, JZ AF De Amici, Giovanni Piepmeier, Jeff Hudson, Derek Peng, Jinzheng GP IEEE TI POINTING AND GEOLOCATION FOR THE SMAP PASSIVE INSTRUMENT SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [De Amici, Giovanni; Piepmeier, Jeff; Hudson, Derek; Peng, Jinzheng] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP De Amici, G (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 857 EP 859 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114600211 ER PT S AU Yao, T Zhang, QY AF Yao, Tian Zhang, Qingyuan GP IEEE TI Assessment of terrestrial vegetation dynamics from MODIS fAPAR(chl) product and land surface model SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE MODIS; chlorophyll; fAPAR(chl); LAI(chl); vegetation dynamics ID DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST; LEAF-AREA INDEX; CHLOROPHYLL; FRACTION; CANOPY AB The new fAPAR(chl)/LAI(chl) product from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite sensor is used to quantify and understand vegetation dynamics under changing climate, in selected flux tower sites and nearby local regions. Based on the comparisons of flux tower measurements with land surface model CLM simulated GPP, preliminary results show MODIS fAPAR(chl)/LAI(chl) product depicts seasonal variation patterns and phenology over different kinds of biomes quite well. Through integrating the new MODIS fAPAR(chl)/LAI(chl) product into land surface model, there is a potential to simulate carbon fluxes in a better way. C1 [Yao, Tian; Zhang, Qingyuan] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Yao, Tian; Zhang, Qingyuan] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Yao, T (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.; Yao, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program [NNX12AJ51G]; Science of Terra and Aqua Program [NNX14AK50G]; Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment; NASA Pleiades Supercomputer FX This study was supported by the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program (Grant # NNX12AJ51G, PI: Q. Zhang) and the Science of Terra and Aqua Program (Grant # NNX14AK50G, PI: Q. Zhang). We thank the NASA Center for Climate Simulation for computational support and access to their high-performance cluster. We thank the support from NASA Pleiades Supercomputer. We also thank the support from Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1288 EP 1291 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601102 ER PT S AU Huang, HT Liao, TH Tsang, L Njoku, EG Colliander, A Jackson, T Yueh, S AF Huang, Huanting Liao, Tien-Hao Tsang, Leung Njoku, Eni G. Colliander, Andreas Jackson, Thomas Yueh, Simon GP IEEE TI COMBINED ACTIVE AND PASSIVE MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF SOIL MOISTURE FOR VEGETATED SURFACES AT L-BAND SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE combined active and passive; distorted Born approximation; NMM3D; bistatic scattering; vegetated surfaces ID BACKSCATTERING; EMISSION; MODELS AB The distorted Born approximation (DBA) combined with the numerical solutions of Maxwell equations (NMM3D) has been used for the radar backscattering model for NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission. The models for vegetated surfaces such as wheat, grass, soybean and corn have been validated with the Soil Moisture Active Passive Validation Experiment 2012 (SMAPVEX12) data. In this paper we report progress on development of a consistent model for combined active and passive microwave remote sensing of vegetated surfaces by using the same approach to obtain backscatter and emissivity. The active model DBA/NMM3D is extended to calculate bistatic scattering for each of the three scattering mechanisms: volume, double bounce and surface scattering. Then emissivity is obtained by integration of the bistatic scattering. An advantage of this combined active and passive model is that the same physical parameters of vegetation and soil surfaces are used in both the active model and the passive model. The beta parameter that relates backscattering to emissivity is also derived for various vegetated surfaces. C1 [Huang, Huanting; Liao, Tien-Hao; Tsang, Leung] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Njoku, Eni G.; Colliander, Andreas; Yueh, Simon] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Jackson, Thomas] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Huang, HT (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1626 EP 1629 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601187 ER PT S AU Al-Yaari, A Wigneron, JP Kerr, Y Rodriguez-Fernandez, N O'Neill, PE Jackson, TJ De Lannoy, GJM Al Bitar, A Mialon, A Richaume, P Yueh, S AF Al-Yaari, A. Wigneron, J. -P. Kerr, Y. Rodriguez-Fernandez, N. O'Neill, P. E. Jackson, T. J. De Lannoy, G. J. M. Al Bitar, A. Mialon, A. Richaume, P. Yueh, S. GP IEEE TI FIRST APPLICATION OF REGRESSION ANALYSIS TO RETRIEVE SOIL MOISTURE FROM SMAP BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS CONSISTENT WITH SMOS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Soil moisture; statistical regression; SMOS; SMAP ID PERFORMANCE; ALGORITHM; PRODUCTS; NETWORK; FIELDS; MODEL; LAND AB In this study, we used a multilinear regression approach to retrieve surface soil moisture from NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite data to create a global dataset of surface soil moisture which is consistent with ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite retrieved surface soil moisture. This was achieved by calibrating coefficients of the regression model using SMOS soil moisture and horizontal and vertical brightness temperatures (TB), over the 2013 2014 period. Next, this model was applied to recent SMAP TB data from 31/03/201508/ 09/2015. The retrieved surface soil moisture from SMAP (referred here to as SMAP-reg) was compared to the operational SMAP L3 surface soil moisture retrieved using the single channel algorithm. Both exhibit comparable temporal dynamics with a good agreement of correlation (correlation coefficient R mostly > 0.8) between the SMAP-reg and the operational SMAP L3 surface soil moisture products. C1 [Al-Yaari, A.; Wigneron, J. -P.] INRA, ISPA, UMR1391, Villenave Dornon, France. [Kerr, Y.; Rodriguez-Fernandez, N.; Al Bitar, A.; Mialon, A.; Richaume, P.] UPS, IRD, CNRS, CNES,CESBIO,UMR 5126, Toulouse, France. [O'Neill, P. E.; De Lannoy, G. J. M.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Heverlee, Belgium. [Jackson, T. J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yueh, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Al-Yaari, A (reprint author), INRA, ISPA, UMR1391, Villenave Dornon, France. EM amen.alyaari@bordeaux.inra.fr NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1633 EP 1636 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601189 ER PT S AU Bindlish, R Jackson, TJ Cosh, M Milak, S Njoku, E Chan, S Burgin, M Caldwell, T Berg, A McNairn, H Walker, J Zeng, Y Su, Z Thibeault, M Martinez, J AF Bindlish, Rajat Jackson, Thomas J. Cosh, Michael Milak, Sushil Njoku, Eni Chan, Steven Burgin, Mariko Caldwell, T. Berg, A. McNairn, H. Walker, J. Zeng, Y. Su, Z. Thibeault, M. Martinez, J. GP IEEE TI DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE GCOM-W AMSR2 SOIL MOISTURE PRODUCT SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Soil moisture; passive microwave; AMSR; validation ID MICROWAVE; VEGETATION AB GCOM-W AMSR2 provides continuity following AMSR-E and the opportunity to generate a global long-term satellite soil moisture data record from the same instrument type. Various soil moisture products are being developed using AMSR observations. The JAXA soil moisture along with the Single Channel Algorithm (SCA) product were evaluated using in situ observations from different geographical domains. Both the JAXA and SCA soil moisture estimates capture the overall climatological features and the overall spatial structure of the two products is similar. The JAXA soil moisture product shows a lower dynamic range in the retrieved soil moisture. The SCA performs well over low and moderately vegetated areas. This study focuses on the development of the AMSR2 soil moisture product. Validation results using in situ observations from diverse climate and land cover conditions will be presented. C1 [Bindlish, Rajat; Jackson, Thomas J.; Cosh, Michael; Milak, Sushil] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 104 Bldg 007 BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Njoku, Eni; Chan, Steven; Burgin, Mariko] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Caldwell, T.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX USA. [Berg, A.] Univ Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [McNairn, H.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Walker, J.] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Zeng, Y.; Su, Z.] Univ Twente, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Thibeault, M.] SAOCOM, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Martinez, J.] Univ Salamanca, Inst Hispano Luso Invest Agr CIALE, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. RP Bindlish, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 104 Bldg 007 BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rajat.bindlish@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1647 EP 1650 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601193 ER PT S AU Frankenberg, C Drewry, D Geier, S Verma, M Lawson, P Stutz, J Grossmann, K AF Frankenberg, C. Drewry, D. Geier, S. Verma, M. Lawson, P. Stutz, J. Grossmann, K. GP IEEE TI REMOTE SENSING OF SOLAR INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE FROM SATELLITES, AIRPLANES AND GROUND-BASED STATIONS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Orbiting Carbon Observatory; OCO; Chlorophyll Fluorescence; GPP ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROMETER; GASES OBSERVING SATELLITE; SPACE; GOSAT AB With the advent of existing high resolution spectrometers in space (GOSAT, GOME-2, OCO-2), global observations of solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) became feasible for the first time. The potential of SIF is to provide an independent and more direct proxy for photosynthetic activity and, depending on retrieval methodology, be less susceptible to atmospheric scattering. Empirically, strong linear correlations between SIF and gross primary production (GPP) have been shown in several studies, albeit with somewhat different slopes per biome type. Here, we show the first full year of data acquired by the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2, which provides unprecendendet spatial resolution (1.3.2.3 km), data volume (more than 1 million measurements per day) and signal-to-noise ratios (>500). In addition, we show the first direct validation of space-based OCO-2 SIF measurements using the newly built Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Spectrometer (CFIS), an imaging spectrometer optimized for SIF retrievals and OCO-2 validation. To conclude, we will present a new ground-based measurement system developed by UCLA for long term observations of SIF at ground-based stations. C1 [Frankenberg, C.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Frankenberg, C.; Drewry, D.; Geier, S.; Verma, M.; Lawson, P.] Jet Prop Lab, Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Stutz, J.; Grossmann, K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, JIFRESSE, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Frankenberg, C (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Frankenberg, C (reprint author), Jet Prop Lab, Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. FU W.M. Keck Institute for Space Studies FX Thanks to funding from the W.M. Keck Institute for Space Studies. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1707 EP 1710 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601208 ER PT S AU Zhang, YG Guanter, L Berry, JA van der Tol, C Joiner, J AF Zhang, Yongguang Guanter, Luis Berry, Joseph A. van der Tol, Christiaan Joiner, Joanna GP IEEE TI CAN WE RETRIEVE VEGETATION PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY PARAMTER FROM SOLAR-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE? SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Solar-Induced Fluorescence (SIF); SCOPE; V-cmax; GPP ID TERRESTRIAL CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; SPACE; ASSIMILATION; MODEL AB Remote sensing of sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a novel optical tool for assessment of terrestrial photosynthesis or gross primary production (GPP). Along with the breakthroughs of global retrievals of SIF from space-borne sensors, exploitation of SIF in improving the representation of photosynthesis and its role in Earth System models became a very relevant and active field. Recent space-borne measurements of SIF can offer an observational constraint on photosynthesis simulations. Tailored to this special session, this presentation gives a discussion on recent advances in the retrievals of leaf biological traits from SIF, e.g., the maximum carboxylation rate (V-cmax), regarding the applications and problems. C1 [Zhang, Yongguang] Nanjing Univ, Int Inst Earth Syst Sci, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yongguang; Guanter, Luis] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Remote Sensing Sect, Telegrafenberg A17, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Berry, Joseph A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA USA. [van der Tol, Christiaan] Int Inst Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, POB 6, NL-7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands. [Joiner, Joanna] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Zhang, YG (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Int Inst Earth Syst Sci, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Zhang, YG (reprint author), GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Remote Sensing Sect, Telegrafenberg A17, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. EM yongguang_zhang@nju.edu.cn NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1711 EP 1713 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601209 ER PT S AU Denbina, M Simard, M AF Denbina, Michael Simard, Marc GP IEEE TI THE EFFECTS OF TEMPORAL DECORRELATION AND TOPOGRAPHIC SLOPE ON FOREST HEIGHT RETRIEVAL USING AIRBORNE REPEAT-PASS L-BAND POLARIMETRIC SAR INTERFEROMETRY SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE radar; polarimetric SAR interferometry; forest height; temporal decorrelation; topography ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; INVERSION AB We have explored the effects of temporal baseline and terrain slope on forest height estimation using L-band repeat-pass polarimetric synthetic aperture radar interferometry. Data were collected using NASA's Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar instrument over a study area exhibiting high slope topography in the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve of Quebec, Canada. We used lidar-derived canopy height and terrain slope maps to quantify the decorrelation effects that distort the observed coherences compared to the random volume over ground forest model. We derived forest height maps for a number of different temporal baselines using both fixed model parameters and model parameters that varied with slope, and compared the results. Use of a look-up table for the terrain slope effects improved the estimated forest heights, but further work is necessary to see if slope corrections derived from lidar data for this study area can be applied to other study areas, or generalized to a theoretical model. C1 [Denbina, Michael; Simard, Marc] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Denbina, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1745 EP 1748 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601219 ER PT S AU Qu, Y Guo, R Wang, W Qi, HR Ayhan, B Kwan, C Vance, S AF Qu, Ying Guo, Rui Wang, Wei Qi, Hairong Ayhan, Bulent Kwan, Chiman Vance, Steven GP IEEE TI ANOMALY DETECTION IN HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES THROUGH SPECTRAL UNMIXING AND LOW RANK DECOMPOSITION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Hyperspectral image; anomaly detection; mesn-shift clustering; low-rank; sparsity AB Anomaly detection has been known to be a challenging, illposed problem due to the uncertainty of anomaly and the interference of noise. In this paper, we propose a novel low rank anomaly detection algorithm in hyperspectral images (HSI), where three components are involved. First, due to the highly mixed nature of pixels in HSI, instead of using the raw pixel directly for anomaly detection, the proposed algorithm applies spectral unmixing algorithms to obtain the abundance vectors and uses these vectors for anomaly detection. Second, for better classification, a dictionary is built based on the mean-shift clustering of the abundance vectors to better represent the highly-correlated background and the sparse anomaly. Finally, a low-rank matrix decomposition is proposed to encourage the sparse coefficients of the dictionary to be low-rank, and the residual matrix to be sparse. Anomalies can then be extracted by summing up the columns of the residual matrix. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on both synthetic and real datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed approach constantly achieves high detection rate while maintaining low false alarm rate regardless of the type of images tested. C1 [Qu, Ying; Guo, Rui; Wang, Wei; Qi, Hairong] Univ Tennessee, Dept EECS, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ayhan, Bulent; Kwan, Chiman] Signal Proc Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Vance, Steven] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Qu, Y (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept EECS, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM yqu3@utk.edu; rguo1@utk.edu; wwang34@utk.edu; hqi@utk.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1855 EP 1858 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601248 ER PT S AU Ong, C Mueller, A Thome, K Bachmann, M Czapla-Myers, J Holzwarth, S Khalsa, SJ MacLellan, C Malthus, T Nightingale, J Pierce, L Yamamoto, H AF Ong, C. Mueller, A. Thome, K. Bachmann, M. Czapla-Myers, J. Holzwarth, S. Khalsa, S. J. MacLellan, C. Malthus, T. Nightingale, J. Pierce, L. Yamamoto, H. GP IEEE TI REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL SPACEBORNE IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY TECHNICAL COMMITTEE CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION WORKSHOP, NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY FACILITY, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Calibration; validation; imaging spectroscopy; hyperspectral; standards; good practice; harmonisation AB Calibration and validation are fundamental for obtaining quantitative information from Earth Observation (EO) sensor data. Recognising this and the impending launch of at least five sensors in the next five years, the International Spaceborne Imaging Spectroscopy Technical Committee instigated a calibration and validation initiative. A workshop was conducted recently as part of this initiative with the objective of establishing a good practice framework for radiometric and spectral calibration and validation in support of spaceborne imaging spectroscopy missions. This paper presents the outcomes and recommendations for future work arising from the workshop. C1 [Ong, C.] CSIRO, Minerals Resources, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Mueller, A.; Bachmann, M.; Holzwarth, S.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Cologne, Germany. [Thome, K.] NASA, Goddard Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Czapla-Myers, J.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Khalsa, S. J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [MacLellan, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland. [Malthus, T.] CSIRO, Oceans & Atmosphere, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Nightingale, J.] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington, Middx, England. [Pierce, L.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Yamamoto, H.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Ong, C (reprint author), CSIRO, Minerals Resources, Canberra, ACT, Australia. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1909 EP 1911 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602004 ER PT S AU Thome, K AF Thome, K. GP IEEE TI CALIBRATION/VALIDATION ERROR BUDGETS, UNCERTAINTIES, TRACEABILITY AND THEIR IMPORTANCE TO IMAGING SPECTROMETRY SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Calibration; validation; imaging spectroscopy; hyperspectral; traceability; error budget ID VICARIOUS CALIBRATION AB Knowledge of uncertainties and errors are essential for comparisons of remote sensing data across time, space, and spectral domains. Vicarious radiometric calibration is used to demonstrate the need for uncertainty knowledge and to provide an example error budget. The sample error budget serves as an example of the questions and issues that need to be addressed by the calibration/validation community as accuracy requirements for imaging spectroscopy data will continue to become more stringent in the future. Error budgets will also be critical to ensure consistency between the range of imaging spectrometers expected to be launched in the next five years. C1 [Thome, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA. RP Thome, K (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1912 EP 1915 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602005 ER PT S AU Vermote, E Roger, JC Justice, CO Franch, B Claverie, M AF Vermote, E. Roger, J. C. Justice, C. O. Franch, B. Claverie, M. GP IEEE TI A generic approach for inversion of surface reflectance over land: Overview, application and validation using MODIS and LANDSAT8 Data SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE surface reflectance; aerosol; validation ID RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER CODE; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; VECTOR VERSION; SATELLITE DATA; AEROSOL; RETRIEVAL AB This paper presents a generic approach developed to derive surface reflectance over land from a variety of sensors. This technique builds on the extensive dataset acquired by the Terra platform by combining MODIS and MISR to derive an explicit and dynamic map of band ratio's between blue and red channels and is a refinement of the operational approach used for MODIS and LANDSAT over the past 15 years. We will present the generic approach and the application to MODIS and LANDSAT data and its validation using the AERONET data [1]. C1 [Vermote, E.; Roger, J. C.; Franch, B.; Claverie, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 619, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Roger, J. C.; Justice, C. O.; Franch, B.; Claverie, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Vermote, E (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 619, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. FU NASA [NNX12AP82G] FX This work was supported by NASA grant NNX12AP82G NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1958 EP 1961 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602017 ER PT S AU Liu, Y Sun, QS Wang, ZS Schaaf, C Erb, A AF Liu, Yan Sun, Qingsong Wang, Zhuosen Schaaf, Crystal Erb, Angela GP IEEE TI EVALUATION OF VIIIRS DAILY BRDF, ALBEDO, AND NBAR PRODUCT USING THE MODIS COLLECTION V006 PRODUCT AND IN SITU MEASURMENTS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE VIIRS; MODIS; BRDF; Albedo; NBAR; Evaluation AB Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), Albedo, and Nadir BRDF Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR) products are being produced for the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi-National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite in order to extend the MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) record for research and operational users. The VIIRS product is evaluated by comparison with the MODIS Collection V006 BRDF, Albedo, and NBAR products and in situ albedo collected at spatially representative sites. Preliminary results show that VIIRS can provide comparable BRDF, Albedo, NBAR products as with MODIS. Furthermore, the VIIRS, MODIS and in situ albedos agree well at spatially representative evaluation sites. The accuracy of both products therefore meet the requirements for climate and biosphere models and long term monitoring studies. C1 [Liu, Yan; Sun, Qingsong; Schaaf, Crystal; Erb, Angela] Univ Massachusetts Boston, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Wang, Zhuosen] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Boston, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1962 EP 1965 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602018 ER PT S AU Xiong, X Cao, C Wang, Z Lei, N Chiang, K Blonski, S Butler, J AF Xiong, X. Cao, C. Wang, Z. Lei, N. Chiang, K. Blonski, S. Butler, J. GP IEEE TI S-NPP VIIRS CALIBRATION AND PERFORMANCE UPDATE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE S-NPP; VIIRS; calibration; OBC ID REFLECTIVE SOLAR BANDS AB The first VIIRS instrument has successfully operated for more than 4 years on-board the Suomi-National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) spacecraft. The sensor data records (SDR) derived from VIIRS onorbit observations have been used to produce many environment data records (EDR), enabling a wide range of applications by the users from operational and research community. This paper provides an overview of instrument operations and its calibration activities, and presents an update of its radiometric performance, in terms of on-orbit changes in sensor spectral band responses and noise characterization. It also describes the effort made to improve sensor calibration, and the strategies developed in support of producing consistent SDR and, consequently, the EDR with improved quality. C1 [Xiong, X.; Butler, J.] NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Cao, C.] NOAA NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Wang, Z.; Lei, N.; Chiang, K.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Blonski, S.] Earth Resources Technol Inc, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Xiong, X (reprint author), NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1976 EP 1979 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602022 ER PT S AU Gaier, T Kangaslahti, P Lambrigtsen, B Ramos-Perez, I Tanner, A McKague, D Ruf, C Flynn, M Zhang, ZY Backhus, R Austerberry, D AF Gaier, Todd Kangaslahti, Pekka Lambrigtsen, Bjorn Ramos-Perez, Isaac Tanner, Alan McKague, Darren Ruf, Christopher Flynn, Michael Zhang, Zhengya Backhus, Roger Austerberry, David GP IEEE TI A 180 GHZ PROTOTYPE FOR A GEOSTATIONARY MICROWAVE IMAGER/SOUNDER-GEOSTAR-III SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE geostationary microwave sounder; synthetic thinned aperture radiometer; cross-correlator AB GeoSTAR-III, a 180 GHz prototype for the Precipitation and All-weather Temperature and Humidity Sounder (PATH), is the culmination of a decade of technology development funding. The interferometric radiometer comprises 144 receivers operating from 165-183 GHz and utilizes a 192x192 input, ASIC based mixed signal correlator. The demonstration of this instrument raises the technology readiness of the radiometer subsystem to level 6 (TRL 6) and the correlator subsystem to TRL 5. We demonstrate the full functionality of this system with observations of the Sun and Moon as well as nearby thermally emissive objects. This represents the final milestones in the development effort of pre-mission technologies for this decadal survey mission. C1 [Gaier, Todd; Kangaslahti, Pekka; Lambrigtsen, Bjorn; Ramos-Perez, Isaac; Tanner, Alan] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [McKague, Darren; Ruf, Christopher; Flynn, Michael; Zhang, Zhengya; Backhus, Roger; Austerberry, David] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Gaier, T (reprint author), Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM todd.c.gaier@jpl.nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2021 EP 2023 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602034 ER PT S AU Bindlish, R Jackson, TJ Piepmeier, JR Yueh, S Kerr, Y AF Bindlish, Rajat Jackson, Thomas J. Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. Yueh, Simon Kerr, Yann GP IEEE TI INTER-COMPARISON OF SMAP, SMOS AND AQUARIUS L-BAND BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE SMAP; SMOS; passive microwave; inter-comparison of microwave radiometers AB Verifying the calibration of the SMAP radiometer over land observations is an important mission requirement. Inter-comparison of L-band brightness temperature observations from different satellites (SMAP, SMOS and Aquarius) is a useful tool for radiometer calibration. Brightness temperatures observations made at the same frequency, polarization, incidence angle and coincident in time and location should be consistent with each other. SMAP brightness temperature observations were compared with SMOS observations at 40 degrees incidence angle. The observations from the two satellites were found to be consistent with each other over the entire dynamic range (both ocean and land). The RMSD between the two missions was less than 3 K. The two observations exhibit a strong linear relationship and the observed bias was less than 0.5 K for both polarizations. This bias is within the required target accuracy requirement of the SMAP radiometer (requirement of 1.3 K). C1 [Bindlish, Rajat; Jackson, Thomas J.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 104 Bldg 007 BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Yueh, Simon] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Kerr, Yann] CESBIO, Toulouse, France. RP Bindlish, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 104 Bldg 007 BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rajat.bindlish@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2043 EP 2046 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602040 ER PT S AU Dinnat, E Le Vine, D AF Dinnat, Emmanuel Le Vine, David GP IEEE TI L-BAND RADIOMETER CALIBRATION CONSISTENCY ASSESSMENT FOR THE SMOS, SMAP AND AQUARIUS INSTRUMENTS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE L-band; calibration; passive microwave; SMOS; SMAP; Aquarius ID MISSION AB Three L-band radiometers have been observing the Earth in order to retrieve soil moisture and ocean salinity. They use different instrument configurations and calibration and retrieval algorithms. In any case, the brightness temperature retrieved at the Earth surface should be consistent between all instruments. One reason for inconsistency would be the use of different approaches for the instrument calibration or the use of different models to retrieve surface brightness temperature. We report on the different approaches used for the SMOS, SMAP and Aquarius instruments and their impact on the observations consistency. C1 [Dinnat, Emmanuel; Le Vine, David] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Dinnat, Emmanuel] Chapman Univ, CEESMO, Orange, CA 92866 USA. RP Dinnat, E (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Dinnat, E (reprint author), Chapman Univ, CEESMO, Orange, CA 92866 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2047 EP 2049 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602041 ER PT S AU Yun, SH Owen, S Webb, F Hua, H Milillo, P Fielding, E Simons, M Agram, P Liang, C Moore, A Sacco, P Gurrola, E Manipon, G Rosen, P Lundgren, P Coletta, A AF Yun, Sang-Ho Owen, Susan Webb, Frank Hua, Hook Milillo, Pietro Fielding, Eric Simons, Mark Agram, Piyush Liang, Cunren Moore, Angelyn Sacco, Patrizia Gurrola, Eric Manipon, Gerald Rosen, Paul Lundgren, Paul Coletta, Alessandro GP IEEE TI RECENT RAPID DISASTER RESPONSE PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM COSMO-SkyMed SYNTHETIC APERTURE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Yun, Sang-Ho; Owen, Susan; Webb, Frank; Hua, Hook; Milillo, Pietro; Fielding, Eric; Agram, Piyush; Liang, Cunren; Moore, Angelyn; Gurrola, Eric; Manipon, Gerald; Rosen, Paul; Lundgren, Paul] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Simons, Mark] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Sacco, Patrizia; Coletta, Alessandro] Italian Space Agcy ASI, Rome, Italy. RP Yun, SH (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2066 EP 2069 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602046 ER PT S AU Rosen, P Hensley, S Shaffer, S Edelstein, W Kim, Y Kumar, R Misra, T Bhan, R Satish, R Sagi, R AF Rosen, P. Hensley, S. Shaffer, S. Edelstein, W. Kim, Y. Kumar, R. Misra, T. Bhan, R. Satish, R. Sagi, R. GP IEEE TI AN UPDATE ON THE NASA-ISRO DUAL-FREQUENCY DBF SAR (NISAR) MISSION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE SAR; digital beamforming; InSAR; polarimetry AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the United States and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) are developing a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mission to map Earth's surface every 12 days, known as the NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) Mission. NISAR has two radars sharing a mechanical structure and reflector, one operating at L-band (24 cm wavelength) and the other at S-band (10 cm wavelength). To achieve wide-swath observations at both wavelengths, NISAR is designed as a reflector-feed system where the feed aperture elements are individually sampled to allow a scan-on-receive capability. In the partnership, NASA provides the instrument structure for both L-and S-band electronics, the L-band electronics, the reflector and associated boom, and an avionics payload to interface with the radar including a solid-state data recorder, high-rate Ka-band telecommunication link, and a GPS receiver. ISRO provides the spacecraft and launch vehicle, and the S-band radar electronics, and an additional high-rate Ka-band telecom package. Hardware prototyping has matured designs for engineering models, which are currently under development. C1 [Rosen, P.; Hensley, S.; Shaffer, S.; Edelstein, W.; Kim, Y.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Kumar, R.; Misra, T.; Bhan, R.] ISRO, Ctr Space Applicat, Ahmadabad 380015, Gujarat, India. [Satish, R.; Sagi, R.] ISRO, ISRO Satellite Ctr, Bangalore 560017, Karnataka, India. RP Rosen, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2106 EP 2108 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602056 ER PT S AU Rincon, R Fatoyinbo, T Osmanoglu, B Lee, SK Ranson, KJ Sun, GQ Bollian, T AF Rincon, Rafael Fatoyinbo, Temilola Osmanoglu, Batuhan Lee, Seung Kuk Ranson, K. Jon Sun, Guoqing Bollian, Tobias GP IEEE TI DEVELOPMENT OF NEXT GENERATION DIGITAL BEAMFORMING SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR ARCHITECTURES SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Digital Beamforming; interferometry SAR; InSAR AB Next Generation Digital Beamforming (DBF) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a technological area being pursued at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Two such systems - BSAR-2 and EcoSAR-have been recently developed and tested. The new instruments employ advanced architectures characterized by multi-mode operation, software defined waveform generation, digital beamforming, and configurable radar parameters. The instruments have been developed to support several disciplines in Earth and Planetary sciences. This paper will describe EcoSAR and DBSAR-2 advanced features and report on the latest SAR processing and calibration efforts. C1 [Rincon, Rafael; Fatoyinbo, Temilola; Osmanoglu, Batuhan; Lee, Seung Kuk; Ranson, K. Jon; Sun, Guoqing; Bollian, Tobias] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lee, Seung Kuk; Bollian, Tobias] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. RP Rincon, R (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2109 EP 2111 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602057 ER PT S AU Skofronick-Jackson, G Munchak, SJ Ringerud, S AF Skofronick-Jackson, Gail Munchak, Stephen J. Ringerud, Sarah GP IEEE TI PERFORMANCE OF THE FALLING SNOW RETRIEVAL ALGORITHMS FOR THE GLOBAL PRECIPITATION MEASUREMENT (GPM) MISSION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Precipitation; snow; microwave; satellite; validation AB Retrievals of falling snow from space represent an important data set for understanding the Earth's atmospheric, hydrological, and energy cycles, especially during climate change. Estimates of falling snow must be captured to obtain the true global precipitation water cycle, snowfall accumulations are required for hydrological studies, and without knowledge of the frozen particles in clouds one cannot adequately understand the energy and radiation budgets. While satellite-based remote sensing provides global coverage of falling snow events, the science is relatively new and retrievals are still undergoing development with challenges remaining (e.g., [1], [2], [3]). This work reports on the development and testing of retrieval algorithms for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Core Satellite [4-5], launched February 2014. C1 [Skofronick-Jackson, Gail; Munchak, Stephen J.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ringerud, Sarah] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, NPP, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Skofronick-Jackson, G (reprint author), NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Gail.S.Jackson@nasa.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2139 EP 2141 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602065 ER PT S AU Chandrasekar, V Beauchamp, RM Chen, HN Vega, M Schwaller, M Willie, D Dabrowski, A Kumar, M Petersen, W Wolff, D AF Chandrasekar, V. Beauchamp, Robert M. Chen, Haonan Vega, Manuel Schwaller, Mathew Willie, Delbert Dabrowski, Aaron Kumar, Mohit Petersen, Walter Wolff, David GP IEEE TI DEPLOYMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF THE NASA D3R DURING THE GPM OLYMPEX FIELD CAMPAIGN SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC ID DUAL-POLARIZATION RADAR; CLASSIFICATION C1 [Chandrasekar, V.; Beauchamp, Robert M.; Chen, Haonan; Vega, Manuel; Willie, Delbert; Kumar, Mohit] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Vega, Manuel; Schwaller, Mathew; Dabrowski, Aaron] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Petersen, Walter] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA. [Wolff, David] NASA Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA USA. RP Chen, HN (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. FU NASA GPM project FX This work is sponsored by the NASA GPM project. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2142 EP 2145 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602066 ER PT S AU Kuo, KS Shrestha, K Lin, A Ramachandran, R AF Kuo, Kwo-Sen Shrestha, Kush Lin, Amy Ramachandran, Rahul GP IEEE TI SNOWSTORM CLIMATOLOGY DERIVED FROM NASA MERRA REANALYSIS AS AN EXAMPLE FOR EVENT-BASED VIRTUAL COLLECTIONS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE precipitation; snowfall; snowstorm; blizzard; event-based climatology; virtual collections ID WEATHER EVENTS AB Most of the climatological studies derived from reanalysis datasets to-date have been presence-based rather than event-based. We have gathered event-based climatological statistics from thirty-seven-plus (37+) years of blizzard-like snowstorms, identified and individually tracked, using hourly high-resolution datasets from the NASA's Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) data collection. We have not only extracted summary statistics for all storms, such as cumulative-probability density functions (CDFs, in percentiles) of storm duration and cumulative area coverage, but also per-event statistics for each storm, e.g. beginning/ending times, hourly locations, hourly mean snowfall intensities, and snowfall intensity probability distribution. In addition, we have constructed a web portal where users can view the hourly locations of each snowstorm annotated with conditions of the storm at that hour. Users with accounts on the portal can discover coincident data granules of relevant satellite remote-sensing observations by querying NASA metadata repository, i.e. EOS Clearing House (ECHO) or upcoming Common Metadata Repository (CMR) and create/share individualized virtual collections apposite to their research. C1 [Kuo, Kwo-Sen] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kuo, Kwo-Sen] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kuo, Kwo-Sen] Bayesics LLC, Bowie, MD 20720 USA. [Shrestha, Kush; Lin, Amy] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35487 USA. [Ramachandran, Rahul] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Kuo, KS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Kuo, KS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Kuo, KS (reprint author), Bayesics LLC, Bowie, MD 20720 USA. FU NASA Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) program; NSF EarthCube program FX We are grateful to the funding provided by NASA Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) program and NSF EarthCube program that made this research possible. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2177 EP 2180 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602074 ER PT S AU Yueh, S Fore, A Tang, WQ Akiko, H Stiles, B AF Yueh, Simon Fore, Alex Tang, Wenqing Akiko, Hayashi Stiles, Bryan GP IEEE TI L-BAND ACTIVE-PASSIVE MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF OCEAN SURFACE WIND DURING HURRICANES SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE hurricane; ocean surface wind; radiometer; radar; microwave remote sensing AB We investigated the use of L-band active and passive microwave data from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) observatory for remote sensing of ocean surface winds during hurricanes. We analyzed the dependence of SMAP data on ocean surface wind speed and direction, and found excellent consistency with the geophysical model functions developed for the Aquarius L-band radar/radiometer although the spatial resolutions of SMAP and Aquarius are distinctly different. However the higher resolution data from SMAP allowed us to assess the sensitivity of L-band radiometer/radar signals to hurricane force winds. The matchup analysis with the data from typhoon Nangka confirms the feasibility of extrapolating the Aquarius model functions to very high winds. Therefore we applied the Aquarius model function to the retrieval of ocean winds for hurricanes for two options: 1) radiometer-only and 2) radar-only. Comparison of the SMAP winds with the RapidScat and National Center for Environmental Predictions (NCEP) wind was performed. We also compared the maximum wind speed in the SMAP products with the best track analysis and found a good agreement in general. C1 [Yueh, Simon; Fore, Alex; Tang, Wenqing; Akiko, Hayashi; Stiles, Bryan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Yueh, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2235 EP 2238 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602089 ER PT S AU Liu, WT Tang, WQ Xie, XS AF Liu, W. Timothy Tang, Wenqing Xie, Xiaosu GP IEEE TI SURFACE STRESS IN TROPICAL CYCLONE OBSERVED BY SCATTEROMETER SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC ID EXCHANGE; OCEAN; WINDS; MODEL; HEAT; FLUX C1 [Liu, W. Timothy; Tang, Wenqing; Xie, Xiaosu] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Liu, WT (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. FU NASA FX This study was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA). It was supported by the Physical Oceanography and CYGNSS programs of NASA. We are deeply grateful to Kun-Hsuan Chou for providing the dropsonde data and for the advice of I-I Lin on typhoon studies. Windsat data were obtained from Remote Sensing System. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2247 EP 2249 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602092 ER PT S AU Fore, A Yueh, S Tang, W Stiles, B Hayashi, A AF Fore, A. Yueh, S. Tang, W. Stiles, B. Hayashi, A. GP IEEE TI COMBINED ACTIVE / PASSIVE RETRIEVALS OF OCEAN VECTOR WINDS AND SALINITIES FROM SMAP SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE SMAP; Aquarius; Radiometer; Radar; Salinity; Ocean Winds; Ocean Vector Winds ID MISSION AB In this talk we introduce the combined active / passive (CAP) data product for the Soil Moisture Active Passive mission. We develop the algorithms for a radiometer-only salinity product, a radar-only vector wind product, and a combined active / passive vector wind and salinity product. We show the radiometer-only salinity product nears the Aquarius salinity accuracy requirements, that the radar-only vector wind product meets the QuikSCAT requirements, and that the combined active / passive salinity and vector wind product has performance better than both. C1 [Fore, A.; Yueh, S.; Tang, W.; Stiles, B.; Hayashi, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Fore, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Alexan-der.Fore@jpl.nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2253 EP 2256 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602094 ER PT S AU Li, BL Rodell, M AF Li, Bailing Rodell, Matthew GP IEEE TI MONITORING DROUGHT WITH GRACE DATA ASSIMILATION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Li, Bailing] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Li, Bailing; Rodell, Matthew] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Li, BL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Li, BL (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2815 EP 2817 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602222 ER PT S AU Roger, JC Vermote, E Murphy, E Pinchaud, M Brent, H AF Roger, Jean-Claude Vermote, Eric Murphy, Emilie Pinchaud, Maxime Brent, Holben GP IEEE TI METHODOLOGY AND ERROR BUDGET FOR EVALUATING THE MODIS-VIIRS LAND SURFACE REFLECTANCE FUNDAMENTAL CLIMATE DATA RECORD SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Atmospheric correction; validation; AERONET; MODIS ID ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION AB The land surface reflectance is a fundamental climate data record at the basis of the derivation of other climate data records (Albedo, LAI/Fpar, Vegetation indices) and has been recognized as a key parameter in the understanding of the land-surface-climate processes. In this presentation, we present the validation of the Land surface reflectance used for MODIS and VIIRS data. This methodology uses the 6SV Code and data from the AERONET network. The overall accuracy clearly reaches the MODIS and VIIRS specifications. To understand how to improve the validation, we developed an exhaustive error budget. Results show an impact of the absorption of aerosol and of the fine mode volume concentration. At the end, we discuss about the interest of the indirect and direct method for validation. C1 [Roger, Jean-Claude; Murphy, Emilie; Pinchaud, Maxime] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Roger, Jean-Claude; Vermote, Eric; Murphy, Emilie; Pinchaud, Maxime] NASA, Terr Informat Syst Branch, GSFC, Code 619, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Brent, Holben] NASA, Biospher Sci Branch, GSFC, Code 618, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Roger, JC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Roger, JC (reprint author), NASA, Terr Informat Syst Branch, GSFC, Code 619, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM roger63@umd.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 2941 EP 2943 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602253 ER PT S AU Shao, X Cao, CY Liu, TC Zhang, B Fung, SF Sharma, AS AF Shao, Xi Cao, Changyong Liu, Tung-chang Zhang, Bin Fung, Shing F. Sharma, A. S. GP IEEE TI VIIRS DAY/NIGHT BAND OBSERVATIONS OF AURORAL ACTIVITY DURING A 2015 SEVERE GEOMAGNETIC STORM SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE VIIRS DNB; stray light correction; geomagnetic storm; aurora; AE index AB The Day/Night Band (DNB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard Suomi-NPP represents a major advance in night time imaging capabilities. During geomagnetic storms, auroras can be observed by the DNB on the night side over both hemispheres. The radiometrically calibrated DNB observations can enable quantitative analysis of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of aurora during geomagnetic storms. Two coronal mass ejections (CME) occurred on June 19 and 21, 2015 and had made their way to Earth to cause a G4 (severe) geomagnetic storm on June 22 afternoon. This paper presents an analysis of the radiance data from DNB observations of the aurora during the geomagnetic storm on June 22, 2015. Regions of aurora during each orbital pass are identified and the evolution of aurora is characterized with time series of the auroral boundary, area and total light emission of the aurora region in the DNB observation. The good correlation of aurora activities with ground geomagnetic index during the geomagnetic storm suggests that DNB observations of aurora can provide new details of the magnetospheric and ionospheric responses during severe geomagnetic storms. C1 [Shao, Xi; Liu, Tung-chang; Zhang, Bin; Sharma, A. S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Cao, Changyong] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA. [Fung, Shing F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Geospace Phys Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Shao, X (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3021 EP 3024 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603011 ER PT S AU Akbar, R Chan, S Das, N Kim, SB Entekhabi, D Moghaddam, M AF Akbar, Ruzbeh Chan, Steven Das, Nardenrda Kim, Seung-Bum Entekhabi, Dara Moghaddam, Mahta GP IEEE TI A MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION APPROACH TO COMBINED RADAR-RADIOMETER SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Soil Moisture; Radar; Radiometer; SMAP ID SMAP; ALGORITHM AB With emphasis on physics-based techniques, a multi-objective optimization approach to combined radar-radiometer soil moisture estimation is presented in this work. Soil moisture estimation is demonstrated via application of this method to SMAP high resolution radar and coarse resolution radiometer data. Comparisons are then made with the SMAP baseline active-passive soil moisture output data product. A strong agreement between the two techniques, especially in capturing spatial distributions of soil moisture is observed. C1 [Akbar, Ruzbeh; Moghaddam, Mahta] Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Chan, Steven; Das, Nardenrda; Kim, Seung-Bum] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Entekhabi, Dara] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Akbar, R (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3074 EP 3077 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603024 ER PT S AU Jagdhuber, T Entekhabi, D Konings, AG McColl, KA Alemohammad, SH Das, NN Montzka, C Piles, M AF Jagdhuber, T. Entekhabi, D. Konings, A. G. McColl, K. A. Alemohammad, S. H. Das, N. N. Montzka, C. Piles, M. GP IEEE TI PHYSICALLY-BASED RETRIEVAL OF SMAP ACTIVE-PASSIVE MEASUREMENTS COVARIATION AND VEGETATION STRUCTURE PARAMETERS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Active-Passive Microwave Sensing; SMAP; Soil Moisture; Vegetation Structure AB The NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission aims at producing high-resolution (9 km) global maps of surface soil moisture based on L-band radar and radiometer measurements. In this study, a physically-based retrieval of the active-passive covariation parameter beta from one active-passive (single-pass) SMAP acquisition couple is proposed, circumventing empirical time-series regressions. The key to single-pass retrieval of beta is the vegetation correction of the backscatter signal. This can be achieved by use of the measured cross-polarized backscatter signal and parameters appropriately describing the structure of the vegetation volume. These parameters can be derived from the observed Gamma-parameters of the SMAP baseline algorithm enabling a fully SMAP data-driven, single-pass estimation of the covariation parameter beta without any auxiliary information. Moreover, vegetation structural parameters, indicative of preferential vegetation shape and orientation, are retrieved using the observed Gamma-parameters. C1 [Jagdhuber, T.] German Aerosp Ctr, Microwaves & Radar Inst, POB 1116, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. [Entekhabi, D.; McColl, K. A.; Alemohammad, S. H.] MIT, Parsons Lab, Vassar St 15, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Konings, A. G.] Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Das, N. N.] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Montzka, C.] Res Ctr Julich, Inst Bio & Geosci, Wilhelm Johnen Str, D-52428 Julich, Germany. [Piles, M.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar, Pg Maritim Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain. RP Jagdhuber, T (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr, Microwaves & Radar Inst, POB 1116, D-82234 Wessling, Germany. EM thomas.jagdhuber@dlr.de; darae@mit.edu; konings@stanford.edu; kmccoll@mit.edu; hamed_al@mit.edu; narendra.n.das@jpl.nasa.gov; c.montzka@fz-juelich.de; mpiles@icm.csic.es OI Piles, Maria/0000-0002-1169-3098 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3078 EP 3081 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603025 ER PT S AU Moller, D Farquharson, G Esteban-Fernandez, D AF Moller, Delwyn Farquharson, Gordon Esteban-Fernandez, Daniel GP IEEE TI ASSESSMENT OF NEAR-NADIR CORRELATION CHARACTERISTICS OVER WATER BODIES USING INTERFEROMETRIC SAR: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SWOT MISSION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Ka-band; Interferometry; SWOT AB This paper introduces the use of an airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) to estimate water surface decorrelation times at Ka-Band. Such an assessment is directly relevant to the upcoming Surface Water and Ocean Topography mission, especially for surface water bodies such as lakes and rivers since the surface decorrelation may limit the spatial resolution achievable by the mission to delineate water spatial boundaries. Initial assessments indicate decorrelation times consistent with limited published observations for the ocean and fresh water bodies (several milliseconds). However, there are challenges both in terms of the phenomenology and in the instrument sensitivity to longer decorrelations. C1 [Moller, Delwyn] Univ Washington, Remote Sensing Solut, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Moller, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Remote Sensing Solut, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU National Aeronautic and Space Administration; SWOT Project FX We would like to thank Artemis Inc. for allowing us to use and adapt their SAR processor for this work. The research presented in the paper was carried out under contract with the National Aeronautic and Space Administration. Support from the SWOT Project is acknowledged. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3219 EP 3222 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603061 ER PT S AU Simard, M Neumann, M Buckley, S AF Simard, Marc Neumann, Maxim Buckley, Sean GP IEEE TI VALIDATION OF THE NEW SRTM DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL (NASADEM) WITH ICESAT/GLAS OVER THE UNITED STATES SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE DEM; SRTM; interferometry; radar AB A new version of the digital elevation model (DEM) generated from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data is to begin release in 2016. The so-called NASADEM results from re-processing the raw radar echoes and telemetry, guided by global measurements of topography from the ICESat's Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS). Significant improvements in accuracy were obtained thanks to the removal of large-scale systematic biases due to a variety of arte-facts ranging from residual boom oscillations to the presence of vegetation. C1 [Simard, Marc; Neumann, Maxim; Buckley, Sean] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Simard, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3227 EP 3229 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603063 ER PT S AU Jung, J Kim, DJ Lavalle, M Yun, SH AF Jung, Jungkyo Kim, Duk-jin Lavalle, Marco Yun, Sang-ho GP IEEE TI COHERENT CHANGE DETECTION USING TEMPORAL DECORRELATION MODEL FOR VOLCANIC ASH DETECTION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE coherent change detection; temporal decorrelation model; coherence; volcanic ash ID SAR DATA AB Detection of changes induced by major events such as earthquakes, flooding and volcanic eruptions from interferometric SAR data is difficult due to the coupled effects with temporal decorrelation caused by natural phenomena such as rain, snow, wind and seasonal changes. In this study, we aim to separate the decorrelation caused by natural changes from the one caused by the major event by analyzing the coherence behavior using a temporal decorrelation model. We formulated the temporal decorrelation model that accounts for the random motion and dielectric changes. By applying the model into the multi-temporal coherence before the event, we extracted the temporal decorrelation components induced by natural phenomena. Based on the extracted parameters, their decorrelation probabilities related to natural changes were estimated in canopy and ground. The model parameters are also extracted from the interferometric SAR data acquired across the event. We compared probabilities between the natural phenomena and the certain event in order to assign the changed regions. Pixels with cumulative probabilities greater than 80% are selected as changed due to the event. A case study for detecting volcanic ash during the eruption of the Shinmoedake volcano in January 2011 was carried out using L-band Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS) PALSAR data. C1 [Jung, Jungkyo; Kim, Duk-jin] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Lavalle, Marco; Yun, Sang-ho] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Jung, J (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151742, South Korea. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3394 EP 3397 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603104 ER PT S AU Jackson, TJ Wigneron, JP Kerr, Y Cosh, M Colliander, A Walker, J Bindlish, R AF Jackson, T. J. Wigneron, J. P. Kerr, Y. Cosh, M. Colliander, A. Walker, J. Bindlish, R. GP IEEE TI SATELLITE-BASED SOIL MOISTURE VALIDATION AND FIELD EXPERIMENTS; SKYLAB TO SMAP SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Soil moisture; microwave remote sensing; field experiments ID L-BAND; CROP FIELDS; VEGETATION; SURFACE; RADIOMETER; CAMPAIGN; INTERCEPTION; RETRIEVAL; ALGORITHM; MISSION AB Field experiments have played a critical role in the development and implementation of satellite soil moisture missions. A review of key experiments is presented that includes tower-, aircraft, and satellite-focused efforts conducted over four decades that have supported two dedicated satellite missions; Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and Soil Moisture Active passive (SMAP). C1 [Jackson, T. J.; Cosh, M.; Bindlish, R.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wigneron, J. P.] INRA ISPA, Villenave Dornon, France. [Kerr, Y.] CNRS IRD CNES UPS, CESBIO, Toulouse, France. [Colliander, A.] CALTECH, JPL, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Walker, J.] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic, Australia. RP Jackson, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3462 EP 3465 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603122 ER PT S AU Ye, N Walker, J Wu, XL Jackson, T Renzullo, L Merlin, O Rudiger, C Entekhabi, D Dejeu, R Kim, E AF Ye, Nan Walker, Jeffrey Wu, Xiaoling Jackson, Thomas Renzullo, Luigi Merlin, Olivier Ruediger, Christoph Entekhabi, Dara Dejeu, Richard Kim, Edward GP IEEE TI TOWARDS VALIDATION OF SMAP: SMAPEX-4 &-5 SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE SMAP; validation; airborne field experiment; active and passive microwave remote sensing ID MISSION AB The L-band (1 - 2 GHz) microwave remote sensing has been widely acknowledged as the most promising method to monitor regional to global soil moisture. Consequently, the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite applied this technique to provide global soil moisture every 2 to 3 days. To verify the performance of SMAP, the fourth and fifth campaign of SMAP Experiments (SMAPEx-4 & -5) were carried out at the beginning of the SMAP operational phase in the Murrumbidgee River catchment, southeast Australia. The airborne radar and radiometer observations together with ground sampling on soil moisture, vegetation water content, and surface roughness were collected in coincidence with SMAP overpasses. The SMAPEx-4 & -5 data sets will benefit to SMAP post-launch calibration and validation under Australian land surface conditions. C1 [Ye, Nan; Walker, Jeffrey; Wu, Xiaoling; Ruediger, Christoph] Monash Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Jackson, Thomas] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Renzullo, Luigi] CSIRO Land & Water, Floreat, WA, Australia. [Merlin, Olivier] Ctr Study Biosphere Space, Toulouse, France. [Entekhabi, Dara] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Dejeu, Richard] Transmiss BV, Space Technol Ctr, Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Kim, Edward] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Ye, N (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM nan.ye@monash.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3469 EP 3472 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603124 ER PT S AU Hamill, P AF Hamill, Patrick GP IEEE TI ATMOSPHERIC OBSERVATIONS FROM THE MOON: A LUNAR EARTH-OBSERVATORY SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Lunar Telescope; Atmospheric Science; Climate Studies; Earth Observatory ID INSTRUMENT; CLOUDS AB A telescope placed on the Moon would be valuable tool for studies of the atmosphere and climate. In this paper, we consider an observatory placed on the Moon to make observations of the Earth's atmosphere. We discuss the properties of such a telescope, the types of observations to be made, the benefits of having a telescope on the lunar surface and difficulties that may be encountered. C1 [Hamill, Patrick] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Hamill, Patrick] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Hamill, P (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.; Hamill, P (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3719 EP 3722 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603189 ER PT S AU Hu, YX Zhai, PW AF Hu, Yongxiang Zhai, Pengwang GP IEEE TI DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE CALIPSO OCEAN SUBSURFACE DATA SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC ID LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; DEPOLARIZATION; WATER AB CALIOP, the dual wavelength, polarization sensitive lidar flying aboard the CALIPSO satellite, has been operating since June 2006 and is expected to continue beyond 2017. CALIOP's depolarization ratio is one of the best calibrated measurements from space. Over the life of the CALIPSO mission, the stability of the CALIOP depolarization ratio calibration has remained within 1%. CALIOP's highly stable depolarization ratio measurements can be used for studying changes in phytoplankton backscatter and carbon biomass (Behrenfeld et al., 2013). Using the depolarization ratio measurements from CALIOP together with collocated A-Train measurements (such as the ocean surface backscatter cross section derived from CloudSat ocean surface backscatter measurements, AMSR-E/ AMSR-2 wind speeds, and MODIS diffuse attenuation coefficients), we have developed innovative retrieval methods that translate the CALIOP ocean subsurface signals into the following optical and physical properties (Behrenfeld et al., 2013; Lu et al., 2014; Hu et al., 2015): center dot the cross polarization component of the column integrated ocean subsurface backscatter signal; center dot the particulate backscatter coefficient ( bbp); center dot the depolarization ratio of ocean subsurface backscatter; and center dot the ocean subsurface beam attenuation coefficient. These new CALIOP data products can provide a wealth of unique information to complement existing ocean color measurements, including nighttime measurements, measurements underneath aerosols and non-opaque clouds, measurements in polar regions during all seasons and near sea-ice, and direct measurements of beam attenuation coefficients. C1 [Hu, Yongxiang] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Zhai, Pengwang] UMBC, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Hu, YX (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM Yongxiang.hu-1@nasa.gov RI Hu, Yongxiang/K-4426-2012 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3785 EP 3787 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603206 ER PT S AU Skofronick-Jackson, G Huffman, G Stocker, E Petersen, W AF Skofronick-Jackson, Gail Huffman, George Stocker, Erich Petersen, Walter GP IEEE TI SUCCESSES WITH THE GLOBAL PRECIPITATION MEASUREMENT (GPM) MISSION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Precipitation; microwave; satellite AB Water is essential to our planet Earth. Knowing when, where and how precipitation falls is crucial for understanding the linkages between the Earth's water and energy cycles and is extraordinarily important for sustaining life on our planet during climate change. The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory spacecraft launched February 27, 2014, is the anchor to the GPM international satellite mission to unify and advance precipitation measurements from a constellation of research and operational sensors to provide "next-generation" precipitation products [1-2]. GPM is currently a partnership between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). Status and successes in terms of spacecraft, instruments, retrieval products, validation, and impacts for science and society will be presented. C1 [Skofronick-Jackson, Gail] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Skofronick-Jackson, G (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Gail.S.Jackson@nasa.gov; george.j.huffman@nasa.gov; erich.f.stocker@nasa.gov; walt.petersen@nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3910 EP 3912 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603240 ER PT S AU Iguchi, T Seto, S Awaka, J Meneghini, R Kubota, T Chandra, V Yoshida, N Kawamoto, N Oki, R AF Iguchi, Toshio Seto, Shinta Awaka, Jun Meneghini, Robert Kubota, Takuji Chandra, V. Yoshida, Naofumi Kawamoto, Nozomi Oki, Riko GP IEEE TI PRECIPITATION RATES ESTIMATED WITH GPM'S DUAL-FREQUENCY RADAR SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE GPM; DPR; precipitation; algorithm AB Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission's core satellite has been collecting precipitation data from space for more than a year. This paper reviews the performance of precipitation retrieval algorithm and evaluates the rainfall rates estimated with the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) onboard the GPM's core satellite. Differences between the rain estimates with TRMM's Precipitation Radar (PR) and those with GPM's DPR are examined. C1 [Iguchi, Toshio] NICT, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan. [Seto, Shinta] Nagasaki Univ, Nagasaki, Nagasaki Prefec, Japan. [Awaka, Jun] Tokai Univ, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 25912, Japan. [Meneghini, Robert] NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Kubota, Takuji; Oki, Riko] JAXA EORC, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan. [Chandra, V.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Yoshida, Naofumi; Kawamoto, Nozomi] RESTEC, Tokyo, Japan. RP Iguchi, T (reprint author), NICT, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3917 EP 3918 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603242 ER PT S AU Stocker, EF Ji, YM Chou, J Kelley, O Kwiatkowski, J Stout, J AF Stocker, Erich Franz Ji, Yimin Chou, Joyce Kelley, Owen Kwiatkowski, John Stout, John GP IEEE TI Incorporating the TRMM Dataset into the GPM Mission Data Suite SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE TRMM; GPM; V7; V8; V05; Precipitation AB In June 2015 the TRMM satellite came to its end. The 17+ year of mission data that it provided has proven a valuable asset to a variety of science communities. This 17+ year data set does not, however, stagnate with the end of the mission itself. NASA/JAXA intend to integrate the TRMM data set into the data suite of the GPM mission. This will ensure the creation of a consistent, intercalibrated, accurate dataset within GPM that extends back to November of 1998. This paper describes the plans for incorporating the TRMM 17+ year data into the GPM data suite. These plans call for using GPM algorithms for both radiometer and radar to reprocess TRMM data as well as intercalibrating partner radiometers using GPM intercalibration techniques. This reprocessing will mean changes in content, logical format and physical format as well as improved geolocation, sensor corrections and retrieval techniques. C1 [Stocker, Erich Franz; Ji, Yimin; Chou, Joyce; Kelley, Owen; Kwiatkowski, John; Stout, John] NASA, GSFC, Code 610-2, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ji, Yimin] Wyle Corp, El Segundo, CA USA. [Chou, Joyce; Kelley, Owen; Kwiatkowski, John; Stout, John] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Stocker, EF (reprint author), NASA, GSFC, Code 610-2, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3923 EP 3925 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603244 ER PT S AU Liao, L Meneghini, R Tokay, A AF Liao, Liang Meneghini, Robert Tokay, Ali GP IEEE TI RAIN ESTIMATES BY USING Ku- AND Ka-BAND DUAL-FREQUEN CY RADAR SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE GPM; spaceborne radar; dual-frequency radar; rain; raindrop size distribution ID SURFACE REFERENCE TECHNIQUE; DROP-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; WAVELENGTH RADAR; PARAMETERS; RETRIEVAL; SHAPE AB An approach to check accuracy of Ku- and Ka-band dual-frequency radar techniques for retrieval of rain rate and rain drop size distribution (DSD) is studied by using measured DSD data. The radar retrieval look-up tables introduced are effective not only in inferring rain rate and DSD parameters but also in evaluating overall performance of retrieval algorithms. As an example of the methods used for this study, DSD data collected from one of several field campaigns are used. A more thorough study is underway to include DSD data from different climatological regimes. Different DSD models will also be investigated to determine whether the DPR retrievals can be improved. C1 [Liao, Liang] Morgan State Univ, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. [Meneghini, Robert] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Tokay, Ali] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, JCET, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Liao, L (reprint author), Morgan State Univ, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA. FU NASA Headquarters under NASA's Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) [NNH12ZDA001N-PMM] FX This work is supported by Dr. R. Kakar of NASA Headquarters under NASA's Precipitation Measurement Mission (PMM) Grant NNH12ZDA001N-PMM. The authors also wish to thank IFloodS Science Team for providing Parsivel disdrometer data. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3926 EP 3929 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603245 ER PT S AU Lambrigtsen, B Gaier, T Kangaslahti, P Lim, B Tanner, A Ruf, C AF Lambrigtsen, Bjorn Gaier, Todd Kangaslahti, Pekka Lim, Boon Tanner, Alan Ruf, Chris GP IEEE TI ENABLING THE NASA DECADAL-SURVEY "PATH" MISSION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Microwave; geostationary; atmospheric sounder; aperture synthesis; severe storms AB In its "Decadal Survey" of earth science missions for NASA published in 2007 [1] the U.S. National Research Council (NRC) recommended that a geostationary microwave sounder be developed for a Precipitation and All- weather Temperature and Humidity (PATH) mission and recommended that it be implemented as an "array spectrometer". That was largely based on a syntheticaperture concept then under development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). At the time the required technology was not perceived as being sufficiently mature, and PATH was therefore put in the "third tier" group of missions. Now, under the NASA Earth Science Technology Office's (ESTO) Instrument Incubator Program (IIP), the key technology has been developed and has been brought to Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6, required for mission implementation, thus enabling the PATH mission. C1 [Lambrigtsen, Bjorn; Gaier, Todd; Kangaslahti, Pekka; Lim, Boon; Tanner, Alan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ruf, Chris] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Lambrigtsen, B (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 3949 EP 3951 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114603251 ER PT S AU Escobar, VM Arias, SD Moran, MS Nearing, G Entekhabi, D Njoku, E Yueh, S Doorn, B Reichle, R AF Escobar, V. M. Arias, S. Delgado Moran, M. S. . Nearing, G. Entekhabi, D. Njoku, E. Yueh, S. Doorn, B. Reichle, R. GP IEEE TI OVERVIEW OF THE SMAP APPLICATIONS AND THE SMAP EARLY ADOPTERS PROGRAM - NASA'S FIRST MISSION-DIRECTED OUTREACH EFFORT SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC AB Satellite data provide global observations of many of the earth's system processes and features. These data are valuable for developing scientific products that increase our understanding of how the earth's systems are integrated. The water, energy and carbon cycle exchanges between the land and atmosphere are linked by soil moisture. NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission provides soil moisture and freeze/thaw measurements from space and allows scientiscts to link the water energy and carbon cycles. In order for SMAP data to be best integrated into decision support systems, the mission has engaged with the stakeholder community since 2009 and has attempted to scale the utility of the data to the thematic societal impacts of the satellite product applications. The SMAP Mission, which launched on January 31, 2015, has actively grown an Early Adopter (EA) community as part of it's applications effort and worked with these EAs to demonstrate a scaled thematic impact of SMAP data product in societally relevant decision support applications. The SMAP mission provides global observations of the Earth's surface soil moisture, providing high accuracy, resolution and continuous global coverage. Through the Early Adopters Program, the SMAP Applications Team will spend the next 2 years after launch documenting and evaluating the use of SMAP science products in applications related to weather forecasting, drought, agriculture productivity, floods, human health and national security. C1 [Escobar, V. M.; Arias, S. Delgado; Nearing, G.; Reichle, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Njoku, E.; Yueh, S.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Doorn, B.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Moran, M. S. .] USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Entekhabi, D.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Escobar, VM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Vanessa.Escobar@nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5225 EP 5228 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605037 ER PT S AU Bolten, JD Mladenova, IE Crow, W Reynolds, C AF Bolten, John D. Mladenova, Iliana E. Crow, Wade Reynolds, Curt GP IEEE TI ENHANCING THE USDA GLOBAL CROP ASSESSMENT DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM USING SMAP L3 SOIL MOISTURE DATA SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE soil moisture; SMAP; SMOS; crop monitoring AB The root zone soil moisture estimates used by USDA-FAS are generated using the modified Palmer model. This baseline model was extended to by adding a data assimilation (DA) unit that allow us to routinely ingest satellite-based soil moisture observations. The current DA system relies on observations obtained from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity Mission (SMOS). Preliminary analysis, however, demonstrated that the accuracy of the model predictions can be improved if we perform dual assimilation. This dual assimilation system is intended to ingest Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP)-based soil moisture retrievals and soil moisture observations form the Advanced Scatterometer instrument (ASCAT). Currently the system has been tested using SMOS data as a proxy form SMAP. We assess the performance of this dual assimilation system framework using a global lag-correlation analysis with ranked SMOS and ASCAT soil moisture observations, and MODIS-based vegetation observations. C1 [Bolten, John D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. USDA, Foreign Agr Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bolten, JD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5241 EP 5243 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605041 ER PT S AU Yang, ZW Shrestha, R Crow, W Bolten, J Mladenova, I Yu, GN Di, LP AF Yang, Zhengwei Shrestha, Ranjay Crow, Wade Bolten, John Mladenova, Iva Yu, Genong Di, Liping GP IEEE TI EVALUATION OF ASSIMILATED SMOS SOIL MOISTURE DATA FOR US CROPLAND SOIL MOISTURE MONITORING SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE SMOS; cropland soil moisture; assimilation; US soil moisture monitoring; Spearman rank correlation AB Remotely sensed soil moisture data can provide timely, objective and quantitative crop soil moisture information with broad geospatial coverage and sufficiently high resolution observations collected throughout the growing season. This paper evaluates the feasibility of using the assimilated ESA Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Mission L-band passive microwave data for operational US cropland soil surface moisture monitoring. The assimilated SMOS soil moisture data are first categorized to match with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) survey-based weekly soil moisture observation data, which are ordinal. The categorized assimilated SMOS soil moisture data are compared with NASS's survey-based weekly soil moisture data for consistency and robustness using visual assessment and rank correlation. Preliminary results indicate that the assimilated SMOS soil moisture data highly co-vary with NASS field observations across a large geographic area. Therefore, SMOS data have great potential for US operational cropland soil moisture monitoring. C1 [Yang, Zhengwei] USDA, Natl Agr Stat Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Shrestha, Ranjay; Yu, Genong; Di, Liping] George Mason Univ, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci & Syst, Fairfax, VA 22032 USA. [Crow, Wade] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bolten, John; Mladenova, Iva] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Yang, ZW (reprint author), USDA, Natl Agr Stat Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5244 EP 5247 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605042 ER PT S AU Kurum, M Lang, RH Tentindo, M O'Neill, PE Joseph, AT Deshpande, M Cosh, MH AF Kurum, M. Lang, R. H. Tentindo, M. O'Neill, P. E. Joseph, A. T. Deshpande, M. Cosh, M. H. GP IEEE TI MULTI-FREQUENCY INVESTIGATION INTO SCATTERING FROM VEGETATION OVER THE GROWTH CYCLE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Multi-frequency; vegetation; microwave AB This paper reports on a recent field campaign that aims to collect time-series multi-frequency microwave data over winter wheat during the entire growth cycle. The data are being collected to characterize vegetation dynamics and to quantify its effects on soil moisture retrievals. A C-band radar was recently incorporated within the existing L-band radar/radiometer system called ComRAD (SMAP's ground based simulator) and an additional VHF receiver is being constructed as well. With C-band's ability to sense vegetation details and VHF's root-zone soil moisture within ComRAD's footprint, we will have an opportunity to test our ` discrete scatterer' vegetation models and parameters at various surface conditions. The purpose of this investigation is to determine optical depth and effective scattering albedo of vegetation of a given type (i.e. winter wheat) at various stages of growth that are needed to refine soil moisture retrieval algorithms for the SMAP mission. C1 [Kurum, M.; Lang, R. H.; Tentindo, M.] George Washington Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [O'Neill, P. E.; Joseph, A. T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Deshpande, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Microwave Instrument Technol Branch, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Cosh, M. H.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Kurum, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5323 EP 5324 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605062 ER PT S AU Bolten, JD Mladenova, IE Crow, W de Jeu, R AF Bolten, John D. Mladenova, Iliana E. Crow, Wade de Jeu, Richard GP IEEE TI BENEFIT OF MODELING THE OBSERVATION ERROR IN A DATA ASSIMILATION FRAMEWORK USING VEGETATION INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM PASSIVE-BASED MICROWAVE DATA SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Vegetation; microwave; remote sensing ID POLARIZATION DIFFERENCE INDEX; SOIL-MOISTURE; OPTICAL DEPTH AB A primary operational goal of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is to improve foreign market access for U.S. agricultural products. A large fraction of this crop condition assessment is based on satellite imagery and ground data analysis. The baseline soil moisture estimates that are currently used for this analysis are based on output from the modified Palmer two-layer soil moisture model, updated to assimilate near-real time observations derived from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite. The current data assimilation system is based on a 1-D Ensemble Kalman Filter approach, where the observation error is modeled as a function of vegetation density. This allows for offsetting errors in the soil moisture retrievals. The observation error is currently adjusted using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) climatology. In this paper we explore the possibility of utilizing microwave-based vegetation optical depth instead. C1 [Bolten, John D.] NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mladenova, Iliana E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Crow, Wade] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [de Jeu, Richard] Transmissivity, Noordwijk, Netherlands. RP Bolten, JD (reprint author), NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5325 EP 5326 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605063 ER PT S AU Lavalle, M Shiroma, GHX Agram, P Gurrola, E Sacco, GF Rosen, P AF Lavalle, Marco Shiroma, Gustavo H. X. Agram, Piyush Gurrola, Eric Sacco, Gian Franco Rosen, Paul GP IEEE TI PLANT: POLARIMETRIC-INTERFEROMETRIC LAB AND ANALYSIS TOOLS FOR ECOSYSTEM AND LAND-COVER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC AB PLANT (Polarimetric-interferometric Lab and Analysis Tools) is a new collection of software tools developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory to support processing and analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data for ecosystem and land-cover/land-use change science and applications. PLANT inherits code components from the Interferometric Scientific Computing Environment (ISCE) to generate high-resolution, coregistered polarimetric-interferometric SLC stacks from Level-0/1 data for a variety of airborne and spaceborne sensors. The goal is to provide the ecosystem and land-cover/land-use change communities with rigorous and efficient tools to perform multi-temporal, polarimetric and tomographic analyses in order to generate calibrated, geocoded and mosaicked Level-2 and Level-3 products (e.g., maps of above-ground biomass and forest disturbance). In this paper we introduce the capabilities of PLANT and report first results obtained with the tools developed up to date. C1 [Lavalle, Marco; Shiroma, Gustavo H. X.; Agram, Piyush; Gurrola, Eric; Sacco, Gian Franco; Rosen, Paul] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Lavalle, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This research was conducted at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5354 EP 5357 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605071 ER PT S AU Zhang, QY Yao, T Middleton, EM Lyapustin, AI Wang, YJ AF Zhang, Qingyuan Yao, Tian Middleton, Elizabeth M. Lyapustin, Alexei I. Wang, Yujie GP IEEE TI PRELIMINARY FAPARCHL PRODUCTS FROM MODIS AND HYPERION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE fAPAR(chl); fAPAR(canopy); NDVI; EVI; MODIS; Hyperion ID CHLOROPHYLL FAPAR(CHL); FOREST; LEAF; FRACTION AB Only the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) absorbed by chlorophyll (chl) throughout a canopy, not the PAR absorbed by the foliage of the canopy or the PAR absorbed by the entire canopy, is potentially available for vegetation photosynthesis. This mechanism has motivated us to produce the products of fraction of absorbed PAR (fAPAR) by chlorophyll throughout the canopy (fAPAR(chl)). Early results are described for the fAPAR(chl) products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Hyperion generated in test and evaluation mode. MODIS BRDF adjusted surface reflectance (BRFn) products developed with the Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction algorithm (MAIAC) and nadir or near-nadir Hyperion surface reflectance products obtained with the ATmosphere REMoval Algorithm (ATREM) are utilized to retrieve the fAPAR(chl) products. A coupled leaf-stem-soil-snow-water_body radiative transfer model has been developed for inversion with the Metropolis approach. These products give a first glimpse of the potential of fAPARchl for the studies of vegetation gross primary production (GPP). The algorithms to retrieve fAPAR(chl) from MODIS imagery and Hyperion imagery are briefly described. The fAPAR(chl) products are evaluated at multiple sites and fields with various vegetation types in globally selected regions. The fAPARchl products are compared to the fAPAR at canopy level (fAPAR(canopy)) products, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) product and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) products. We find that fAPAR(chl) is superior to fAPAR(canopy) for GPP estimation. We also find calibrated NDVI and EVI perform better than original un-calibrated NDVI and EVI in GPP simulation. C1 [Zhang, Qingyuan; Yao, Tian] Unvers Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Zhang, Qingyuan; Yao, Tian; Middleton, Elizabeth M.] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lyapustin, Alexei I.; Wang, Yujie] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wang, Yujie] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Zhang, QY (reprint author), Unvers Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.; Zhang, QY (reprint author), Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program [NNX12AJ51G]; NASA Science of Terra and Aqua Program [NNX14AK50G]; NASA Headquarters sponsored programs; Earth Observing One (EO-1) Mission Science Office; HyspIRI science support project at the Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC) FX This work was funded by the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program (Grant # NNX12AJ51G, PI: Q. Zhang) and the NASA Science of Terra and Aqua Program (Grant # NNX14AK50G, PI: Q. Zhang). This study was also partially supported by two NASA Headquarters sponsored programs (PI: E. Middleton), the Earth Observing One (EO-1) Mission Science Office (Sponsor, Dr. Garik Gutman) and the HyspIRI science support project at the Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), through Mr. William (Woody) Turner. This study has made use of computing resources from the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS). NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5358 EP 5361 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605072 ER PT S AU Volz, S Maier, M Di Pietro, D AF Volz, Stephen Maier, Mark Di Pietro, David GP IEEE TI THE NOAA SATELLITE OBSERVING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE STUDY SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC AB NOAA is beginning a study, the NOAA Satellite Observing System Architecture (NSOSA) study, to plan for the future operational environmental satellite system that will follow GOES and JPSS, beginning about 2030. This is an opportunity to design a modern architecture with no preconceived notions regarding instruments, platforms, orbits, etc., but driven by user needs. The NSOSA study team will develop and evaluate architecture alternatives, to include partner and commercial alternatives that are likely to become available. The objectives will include both functional needs and strategic characteristics (e. g., resiliency, flexibility, responsiveness, sustainability). The study will be informed by the Space Platform Requirements Working Group (SPRWG), commissioned by NESDIS. The SPRWG is charged to assess new or existing user needs and to provide relative impacts from different candidate observing systems in the future architecture. SPRWG results will serve as input to the process for new foundational (Level 0 and Level 1) requirements for the next generation of NOAA satellites that follow the GOES-R, JPSS, DSCOVR, Jason-3, and COSMIC-2 missions. C1 [Volz, Stephen] NOAA, NESDIS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Maier, Mark] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA USA. [Di Pietro, David] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Volz, S (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5518 EP 5521 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605114 ER PT S AU Kalb, M Seablom, M Higgins, G Mahoney, R AF Kalb, Michael Seablom, Michael Higgins, Glenn Mahoney, Robert GP IEEE TI Advanced Concept for an Integrated Two-way Interactive SensorWeb and Environmental Modeling System Architecture SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Sensor; forecast model; system architecture AB The central premise and main contribution of this presentation is to suggest that given opportunities to realize key technological advances over the next quarter century, it may be possible to significantly extend the skill and range of model based weather forecasting by enabling a two-way feedback between numerical weather prediction models and a Sensor Web based observing system. C1 [Kalb, Michael] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Seablom, Michael] NASA, Earth Sci Technol Off, NASA HQ, Washington, DC USA. [Higgins, Glenn; Mahoney, Robert] Northrop Grumman Corp, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Kalb, M (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. FU NASA's Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) as part of its continued development of NASA's Earth Science Enterprise Vision FX This original sensor web study report was sponsored by NASA's Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) as part of its continued development of NASA's 2025 Earth Science Enterprise Vision. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5536 EP 5539 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605119 ER PT S AU Lim, B AF Lim, Boon GP IEEE TI SMALL SATELLITE DEVELOPMENTS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Small Satellites; CubeSats; GNSS; Microwave Radiometry AB Small satellites are now, more than ever, being utilized as viable space craft to perform measurements for the science and commercial sector. Shrinking budgets have placed an emphasis on low cost missions, and the technology is now available for these small mass and volume platforms. Specifically, the cost of accessing space continues to fall, with dedicated launch vehicles now being developed that will deliver 1 kg to LEO for < 20 K. This paper will discuss the small satellite developments in the last year and will serve as the keynote to the session. C1 [Lim, Boon] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Lim, B (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5543 EP 5545 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605121 ER PT S AU Norton, CD Millar, PS Bauer, R Komar, GJ AF Norton, Charles D. Millar, Pamela S. Bauer, Robert Komar, George J. GP IEEE TI NEW CAPABILITIES FOR EARTH SCIENCE MEASUREMENTS WITH 6U CUBESAT TECHNOLOGIES SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE CubeSat; NASA; ESTO; InVEST AB NASA's Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) is responsible for the development of advanced technologies to address future Earth science measurement needs. In recent years, ESTO has flown various 1U-3U CubeSats as a means to prove the applicability of information system and instrument subsystems in support for Earth science Decadal Survey mission concepts. In 2015 as part of the In-Space Validation of Earth Science Technologies (InVEST-15) solicitation ESTO awarded four new 6U CubeSat projects. While these projects are maturing specific new technologies, their capability and scope also have the potential to serve as platforms for stand-alone science observations. We describe the goals of the InVEST program and introduce the new technologies and science potential of the InVEST-15 selections. C1 [Norton, Charles D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Millar, Pamela S.; Bauer, Robert; Komar, George J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Norton, Charles D.; Millar, Pamela S.; Bauer, Robert; Komar, George J.] NASA, Earth Sci Technol Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Norton, CD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Norton, CD (reprint author), NASA, Earth Sci Technol Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Charles.D.Norton@jpl.nasa.gov; Pamela.S.Millar@nasa.gov; Robert.Bauer@nasa.gov; George.Komar@nasa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5550 EP 5552 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605123 ER PT S AU Reising, SC Gaier, TC Kummerow, CD Padmanabhan, S Lim, BH Brown, ST Heneghan, C Chandra, CV Olson, J Berg, W AF Reising, Steven C. Gaier, Todd C. Kummerow, Christian D. Padmanabhan, Sharmila Lim, Boon H. Brown, Shannon T. Heneghan, Cate Chandra, Chandrasekar V. Olson, Jon Berg, Wesley GP IEEE TI TEMPORAL EXPERIMENT FOR STORMS AND TROPICAL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION (TEMPEST-D): REDUCING RISK FOR 6U-CLASS NANOSATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Microwave radiometer; clouds; precipitation; atmospheric water vapor ID CLIMATE MODEL AB TEMPEST-D will demonstrate technology for 6U-Class nanosatellites to advance NASA's Earth Science Goals. It will also reduce risk, cost, and development time for future constellations of small satellites to perform Earth Science measurements. It will raise the TRL of a millimeter-wave radiometer instrument from 6 to 7, representing the first on-orbit demonstration of 35-nm InP HEMT-based millimeterwave radiometer front ends. C1 [Reising, Steven C.; Kummerow, Christian D.; Chandra, Chandrasekar V.; Olson, Jon; Berg, Wesley] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gaier, Todd C.; Padmanabhan, Sharmila; Lim, Boon H.; Brown, Shannon T.; Heneghan, Cate] NASA, CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Reising, SC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5559 EP 5560 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605126 ER PT S AU Brown, S Focardi, P Kitiyakara, A Maiwald, F Milligan, L Montes, O Padmanabhan, S Redick, R Russel, D Bach, V Walkemeyer, P AF Brown, Shannon Focardi, Paolo Kitiyakara, Amarit Maiwald, Frank Milligan, Lance Montes, Oliver Padmanabhan, Sharmila Redick, Richard Russel, Damon Bach, Vin Walkemeyer, Phillip GP IEEE TI Demonstrating a Low-Cost Sustainable Passive Microwave Sensor Architecture: The Compact Ocean Wind Vector Radiometer Mission SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE microwave radiometer; calibration; wind vector AB The Compact Ocean Wind Vector Radiometer (COWVR) is new type of conical sensor ideal for small satellite implementation. This paper provides an overview of the COWVR sensor, mission and provides perspectives for the future of this technology to enable low-cost sustainable passive microwave observations into the next decade. C1 [Brown, Shannon; Focardi, Paolo; Kitiyakara, Amarit; Maiwald, Frank; Milligan, Lance; Montes, Oliver; Padmanabhan, Sharmila; Redick, Richard; Russel, Damon; Bach, Vin; Walkemeyer, Phillip] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Brown, S (reprint author), Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM shannon.t.brown@jpl.nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5561 EP 5564 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605127 ER PT S AU Wickert, J Andersen, O Bandeiras, J Bertino, L Cardellach, E Camps, A Catarino, N Chapron, B Foti, G Gommenginger, C Hatton, J Hoeg, P Jaggi, A Kern, M Lee, T Martin-Neira, M Park, H Pierdicca, N Rosello, J Semmling, M Shum, CK Zuffada, C Soulat, F Sousa, A Xi, J AF Wickert, Jens Andersen, O. Bandeiras, J. Bertino, L. Cardellach, E. Camps, A. Catarino, N. Chapron, B. Foti, G. Gommenginger, C. Hatton, J. Hoeg, P. Jaeggi, A. Kern, M. Lee, T. Martin-Neira, M. Park, H. Pierdicca, N. Rosello, J. Semmling, M. Shum, C. K. Zuffada, C. Soulat, F. Sousa, A. Xi, J. GP IEEE TI INNOVATIVE SEA SURFACE MONITORING WITH GNSS-REFLECTOMETRY ABOARD ISS: OVERVIEW AND RECENT RESULTS FROM GEROS-ISS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE GNSS; Reflectometry; ISS; Sea Surface Height; Oceanography AB GEROS-ISS (GEROS hereafter) stands for GNSS REflectometry, Radio Occultation and Scatterometry onboard the International Space Station. It is a scientific experiment, proposed to the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2011 for installation aboard the ISS. The main focus of GEROS is the dedicated use of signals from the currently available Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for remote sensing of the System Earth with focus to Climate Change characterisation. The GEROS mission idea and the current status are briefly reviewed. C1 [Wickert, Jens; Semmling, M.] Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. [Andersen, O.; Hoeg, P.] Tech Univ Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark. [Bandeiras, J.; Catarino, N.; Sousa, A.] Deimos Engn, Lisbon, Portugal. [Bertino, L.; Xi, J.] NERSC, Bergen, Norway. [Cardellach, E.] CSIC, ICE, IEEC, Inst Space Sci, Madrid, Spain. [Camps, A.; Park, H.] UPC, CTE, Ctr Space Technol, IEEC, Barcelona, Spain. [Chapron, B.] IFREMER, Issy Les Moulineaux, France. [Foti, G.; Gommenginger, C.] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England. [Hatton, J.; Kern, M.; Martin-Neira, M.; Rosello, J.] European Space Agcy, F-75738 Paris 15, France. [Jaeggi, A.] Univ Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Lee, T.; Zuffada, C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Pierdicca, N.] Sapienza Univ Rome, Rome, Italy. [Shum, C. K.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Soulat, F.] CLS, St Agne, France. RP Wickert, J (reprint author), Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. RI Wickert, Jens/A-7257-2013 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5611 EP 5612 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605138 ER PT S AU Park, J Johnson, JT O'Brien, A Lowe, ST AF Park, Jeonghwan Johnson, Joel T. O'Brien, Andrew Lowe, Stephen T. GP IEEE TI STUDIES OF TDS-1 GNSS-R OCEAN ALTIMETRY USING A "FULL DDM" RETRIEVAL APPROACH SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Ocean altimetry; TechDemoSat-1 (TDS-1); GNSS-R; remote sensing ID SIGNALS; PARIS AB The use of GNSS-R (Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry) for Earth remote sensing is becoming an increasingly attractive approach thanks to its inexpensive and passive method. While GNSS-R ocean altimetry has been studied extensively, previous studies have focused on the use of the delay waveform (DW) only in the retrieval of sea surface height. This paper presents sea surface height retrievals using a "full Delay-Doppler Map (DDM)" method, and applies the approach to measurements of TechDemoSat-1 (TDS-1), a recent space-borne mission. The End-to-End Simulator (E2ES) of GNSS-R waveforms developed for the CYGNSS mission is adapted for use with TDS-1 and applied as the forward model used in the retrieval process. Comparisons between measured and modeled DDMs have been conducted as a first step to validate this process. Retrievals of sea surface height using both the DW and full-DDM methods will be reported in the presentation. Potential methods for improving estimation error for future GNSS-R missions will also be described in the presentation. C1 [Park, Jeonghwan; Johnson, Joel T.; O'Brien, Andrew] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, ElectroSci Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Lowe, Stephen T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Park, J (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, ElectroSci Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. EM park.1558@osu.edu; johnson.1374@osu.edu; obrien.200@osu.edu; stephen.t.lowe@jpl.nasa.gov FU Ohio Supercomputer Center FX This work is supported in part by an allocation of computing time from the Ohio Supercomputer Center. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5625 EP 5626 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605142 ER PT S AU Knuble, J Piepmeier, J Deshpande, M Du Toit, C Garrison, J Lin, YC Stienne, G Katzberg, S Alikakos, G AF Knuble, Joseph Piepmeier, Jeffrey Deshpande, Manohar Du Toit, Cornelus Garrison, James Lin, Yao-Cheng Stienne, Georges Katzberg, Stephen Alikakos, George GP IEEE TI AIRBORNE P-BAND SIGNAL OF OPPORTUNITY (SOOP) DEMONSTRATOR INSTRUMENT; STATUS UPDATE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Knuble, Joseph; Piepmeier, Jeffrey; Deshpande, Manohar] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Du Toit, Cornelus] AS&D Inc, Beltsville, MD USA. [Garrison, James; Lin, Yao-Cheng; Stienne, Georges; Katzberg, Stephen] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Alikakos, George] Harris Inc, North Amityville, NY USA. RP Knuble, J (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. FU Instrument Incubator Program FX This work is funded by the Instrument Incubator Program managed by NASA's Earth Science Technology Office. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5638 EP 5641 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605146 ER PT S AU Lee, SK Fatoyinbo, T Lagomasino, D Osmanoglu, B Feliciano, E AF Lee, Seung-Kuk Fatoyinbo, Temilola Lagomasino, David Osmanoglu, Batuhan Feliciano, Emanulle GP IEEE TI GROUND-LEVEL DIGITAL TERRAIN MODEL (DTM) CONSTRUCTION FROM TANDEM-X INSAR DATA AND WORLDVIEW STEREO- PHOTOGRAMMETRIC IMAGES SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC ID POL-INSAR; INVERSION C1 [Lee, Seung-Kuk; Fatoyinbo, Temilola; Lagomasino, David; Osmanoglu, Batuhan; Feliciano, Emanulle] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lee, Seung-Kuk; Feliciano, Emanulle] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lagomasino, David] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. RP Lee, SK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Lee, SK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 6040 EP 6042 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605244 ER PT S AU Kim, BJ Lee, YK Ryu, JH Lee, S Kim, KL AF Kim, Bum-Jun Lee, Yoon-Kyung Ryu, Joo-Hyung Lee, SeungKuk Kim, Kye-Lim GP IEEE TI DEM GENERATION OF INTERTIDAL ZONE IN KOREA USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE UAV; Ortho image; DEM; Interior orientation; exterior orientation AB In this study, we generated Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to confirm the suitability of UAV to the tidal flat study. The DEMs were generated from aerial triangulation method using rotary-wing UAV. For the accurate generation of mosaic images and DEM, the distorted images occurred by interior and exterior orientation were corrected using camera calibration. In addition, we set up a Ground Control Points (GCPs) in order to correct of the UAV position error. Therefore, the DEM was obtained with geometric error less than 30 cm. The height of generated DEM by UAV was compared with the levelled elevation by RTK-GPS and TanDEM-X radar satellite DEM. From this study, we could confirm that accurate DEM of the tidal flat can be generated using UAV and these detailed spatial information about tidal flat will be widely used for tidal flat management. C1 [Kim, Bum-Jun; Lee, Yoon-Kyung; Ryu, Joo-Hyung; Kim, Kye-Lim] Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Korea Ocean Satellite Ctr, Ansan, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Lee, SeungKuk] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Kim, BJ (reprint author), Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Korea Ocean Satellite Ctr, Ansan, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM bumjun@kiost.ac; eunicelee@kiost.ac; jhryu@kiost.ac; Seungkuk.lee@nasa.gov; klkim@kiost.ac NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 6699 EP 6701 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606130 ER PT S AU Bounoua, L Nigro, J Zhang, P Thome, K AF Bounoua, Lahouari Nigro, Joseph Zhang, Ping Thome, Kurtis GP IEEE TI MAPPING IMPACT OF URBANIZATION IN THE CONTINENTAL US FROM 2001-2020 SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Urbanization; Population; Impervious Surface Area; MODIS; Landsat; Continental US ID UNITED-STATES AB We combine Landsat and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) products to create observation-based and scenario-based maps characterizing distant-past, recent-past, present, and near-future land cover and land use change in the continental United States at a similar to 5km scale. These maps show the nature and impact of urbanization across the continental U.S. from 2001 to 2020 with focus on the relationship between population and urban growth and how it varies across the U.S. The influence of culture on urbanization characteristics are revealed in the results at city-scale, helping to provide insight into both past and projected urbanization trends. C1 [Bounoua, Lahouari; Nigro, Joseph; Zhang, Ping; Thome, Kurtis] NASA, GSFC, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Nigro, Joseph; Zhang, Ping] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Zhang, Ping] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Bounoua, L (reprint author), NASA, GSFC, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 6750 EP 6753 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606142 ER PT S AU Zhang, P Bounoua, L Thome, K Wolfe, R AF Zhang, Ping Bounoua, Lahouari Thome, Kurtis Wolfe, Robert GP IEEE TI MODELING IMPACT OF URBANIZATION IN US CITIES USING SIMPLE BIOSPHERE MODEL SIB2 SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Urbanization; SiB2 Model; Land Surface Temperature; Gross Primary Production; Surface Runoff ID URBAN HEAT ISLANDS; MODIS AB We combine Landsat- and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-based products, as well as climate drivers from Phase 2 of the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS-2) in a Simple Biosphere land surface model (SiB2) to assess the impact of urbanization in continental USA (excluding Alaska and Hawaii). More than 300 cities and their surrounding suburban and rural areas are defined in this study to characterize the impact of urbanization on surface climate including surface energy, carbon budget, and water balance. These analyses reveal an uneven impact of urbanization across the continent that should inform upon policy options for improving urban growth including heat mitigation and energy use, carbon sequestration and flood prevention. C1 [Zhang, Ping; Bounoua, Lahouari; Thome, Kurtis; Wolfe, Robert] NASA, GSFC, Hydrospher & Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Zhang, Ping] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zhang, Ping] Sci Syst Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Zhang, P (reprint author), NASA, GSFC, Hydrospher & Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Zhang, P (reprint author), Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Zhang, P (reprint author), Sci Syst Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 6758 EP 6761 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606144 ER PT S AU Tsang, L Tan, SR Xu, XL Ding, KH AF Tsang, Leung Tan, Shurun Xu, Xiaolan Ding, Kung-Hau GP IEEE TI SCATTERING AND EMISSION MODELS FOR MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF SNOW USING NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF MAXWELL EQUATIONS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE NMM3D; DMRT; fully coherent approach; correlation function; anisotropy; tomography AB Snowpack consists of ice grains that are densely packed in the wavelength scale at microwave frequencies so that the coherent microwave interactions among the ice grains are important in microwave signatures. We have used Numerical Maxwell Model of 3D simulations (NMM3D) of random media/discrete scatterer to study such interactions. In the partial coherent model of Dense Media Radiative Transfer (DMRT), we use NMM3D to calculate the effective propagation constants, the extinction coefficients and the phase matrices. These are then used in radiative transfer equations to calculate the emission and backscattering signatures. In the fully coherent model, we use NMM3D to calculate the bistatic scattering and emissivity for a layer of snow pack over the ground. Using the fully coherent approach, we calculate the complex scattering amplitudes from the snowpack, including both magnitude and phase. In microstructure characterization of snow, we have used 2 models a) densely packed scatters of sticky particles or multiple sizes, and b) computer generated bicontinuous media. Both models can be characterized by correlation functions. In this paper, we also describe the recent simulated results for tomography and co-polarization phase differences of anisotropic dense media. C1 [Tsang, Leung; Tan, Shurun] Univ Michigan, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Xu, Xiaolan] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Ding, Kung-Hau] Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA. RP Tsang, L (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Radiat Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7050 EP 7052 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606214 ER PT S AU Shah, R Yueh, S Xu, XL Chae, CS Simard, M Elder, K AF Shah, Rashmi Yueh, Simon Xu, Xiaolan Chae, Chun Sik Simard, Marc Elder, Kelly GP IEEE TI SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT RETRIEVAL USING P-BAND SIGNALS OF OPPORTUNITY SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Snow Water Equivalent; Signals of Opportunity; Phase Measurement AB This paper talks about retrieval of Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) using P-band Signals of Opportunity (SoOp). Modeling is done to show that the phase change in the observed signal is primarily due to change in SWE and is independent of snow density, soil moisture, snow grain size. In order to compare theory to experiment, experiment is conducted at Fraser, CO. Some preliminary data analysis from 1 week of data show that the phase changed when SWE changed. C1 [Shah, Rashmi; Yueh, Simon; Xu, Xiaolan; Chae, Chun Sik; Simard, Marc] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Elder, Kelly] US Forest Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Shah, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7064 EP 7066 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606218 ER PT S AU Lemmetyinen, J Schwank, M Derksen, C Roy, A Colliander, A Rautiainen, K Pulliainen, J AF Lemmetyinen, Juha Schwank, Mike Derksen, Chris Roy, Alexandre Colliander, Andreas Rautiainen, Kimmo Pulliainen, Jouni GP IEEE TI RETRIEVAL OF SNOW PARAMETERS FROM L-BAND OBSERVATIONS - APPLICATION FOR SMOS AND SMAP SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE L-band; radiometry; snow density; soil permittivity ID MICROWAVE EMISSION; MODEL AB Recent theoretical and experimental studies have indicated the feasibility of passive microwave L-band observations for observing dry snow cover characteristics, namely snow density in the lower approx.. 10 cm of the snowpack. The sensitivity of L-band emission to snow density is based on the dual influence of refraction and impedance matching on observed brightness temperature with changing effective snow permittivity. The permittivity of pure, dry snow, on the other hand, depends largely on snow density. In this study, we expand the theoretical and experimental results of retrieving dry snow density to passive L-band satellite observations. Such retrievals could be appealing in the context of improving satellite based retrievals of e.g. Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) using other sensors. Retrievals are applied to both multi-angular observations from the ESA SMOS mission, and observations of the NASA SMAP radiometer on a single angle of observation. While in theory the multi-angular approach is preferable, improved RFI mitigation in SMAP provides more spatially and temporally more stable retrievals. The applied dual-parameter retrieval scheme produces also an estimate of ground permittivity; experimental data showed dry snow cover to have a clear influence on ground permittivity retrievals, implicating that even dry snow cover is non-negligible also in retrievals of soil moisture from L-band observations. C1 [Lemmetyinen, Juha; Rautiainen, Kimmo; Pulliainen, Jouni] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland. [Schwank, Mike] Gamma Remote Sensing AG, CH-3073 Gumlingen, Switzerland. [Derksen, Chris] Environm Canada, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada. [Roy, Alexandre] Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Colliander, Andreas] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Lemmetyinen, J (reprint author), Finnish Meteorol Inst, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland. FU European Space Agency; SAR imagery for enhanced monitoring of terrestrial cryosphere processes" (ESA ESRIN Contract) [4000110690/14/I-BG] FX This work was supported by the European Space Agency project "Combined use of multifrequency radiometry (L- to Ka-Band) and SAR imagery for enhanced monitoring of terrestrial cryosphere processes" (ESA ESRIN Contract No. 4000110690/14/I-BG). NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7067 EP 7070 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606219 ER PT S AU Skakun, S Franch, B Roger, JC Vermote, E Becker-Reshef, I Justice, C Santamaria-Artigas, A AF Skakun, S. Franch, B. Roger, J. -C. Vermote, E. Becker-Reshef, I. Justice, C. Santamaria-Artigas, A. GP IEEE TI INCORPORATING YEARLY DERIVED WINTER WHEAT MAPS INTO WINTER WHEAT YIELD FORECASTING MODEL SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Winter wheat; prediction; crop mapping; MODIS ID SATELLITE DATA; BIOPHYSICAL MODELS; UKRAINE; REGRESSION; PRODUCTS; KANSAS AB Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. Timely and accurate forecast of wheat yield and production at global scale is vital in implementing food security policy. Becker-Reshef et al. (2010) developed a generalized empirical model for forecasting winter wheat production using remote sensing data and official statistics. This model was implemented using static wheat maps. In this paper, we analyze the impact of incorporating yearly wheat masks into the forecasting model. We propose a new approach of producing in season winter wheat maps exploiting satellite data and official statistics on crop area only. Validation on independent data showed that the proposed approach reached 6% to 23% of omission error and 10% to 16% of commission error when mapping winter wheat 2-3 months before harvest. In general, we found a limited impact of using yearly winter wheat masks over a static mask for the study regions. C1 [Skakun, S.; Franch, B.; Roger, J. -C.; Becker-Reshef, I.; Justice, C.; Santamaria-Artigas, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Skakun, S.; Franch, B.; Roger, J. -C.; Vermote, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 619,8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Skakun, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Skakun, S (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 619,8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7164 EP 7167 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606244 ER PT S AU Vanderbilt, V Daughtry, C Dahlgren, R AF Vanderbilt, Vern Daughtry, Craig Dahlgren, Robert GP IEEE TI LEAF RELATIVE WATER CONTENT ESTIMATED FROM LEAF REFLECTANCE AND TRANSMITTANCE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE leaf relative water content; RWC; leaf reflectance; leaf transmittance ID CANOPY AB Remotely sensing the water status of plants and the water content of canopies remain long term goals of remote sensing research [1]. In the research we report here, we used optical polarization techniques to monitor the light reflected from the leaf interior, R, as well as the leaf transmittance, T, as the relative water content (RWC) of corn (Zea mays) leaves decreased. Our results show that R and T both change nonlinearly. The result show that the nonlinearities cancel in the ratio R/T, which appears linearly related to RWC for RWC<90%. The results suggest that potentially leaf water status and perhaps even canopy water status could be monitored starting from leaf and canopy optical measurements. C1 [Vanderbilt, Vern] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Daughtry, Craig] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Dahlgren, Robert] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, CSUMB, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Vanderbilt, V (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7168 EP 7171 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606245 ER PT S AU Chew, CC Shah, R Zuffada, C Mannucci, AJ AF Chew, Clara C. Shah, Rashmi Zuffada, Cinzia Mannucci, Anthony J. GP IEEE TI WETLAND MAPPING AND MEASUREMENT OF FLOOD INUNDATED AREA USING GROUND-REFLECTED GNSS SIGNALS IN A BISTATIC RADAR SYSTEM SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC AB Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals can be used as a kind of bistatic radar, with receivers opportunistically recording ground-reflected signals transmitted by the GNSS satellites themselves. The ground-reflected signals are sensitive to changes in surface permittivity, which for L-band is primarily a function of the moisture content of the surface. Here, we investigate the ability of GNSS signals, as recorded by a GPS receiver flown on a satellite, to measure changes in wetland extent and flood inundated area. We find that the ground-reflected signals give similar results as flood-inundation maps derived from other sources. Reflected power increases of over 10 dB in the vicinity of wetlands indicates that these signals could successfully map changes in wetlands around the globe. C1 [Chew, Clara C.; Shah, Rashmi; Zuffada, Cinzia; Mannucci, Anthony J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Chew, CC (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7184 EP 7187 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114606249 ER PT S AU West, R Jaruwatanadilok, S Chaubell, M Spencer, M Chan, S Freedman, A Fore, A Chen, C AF West, R. Jaruwatanadilok, S. Chaubell, M. Spencer, M. Chan, S. Freedman, A. Fore, A. Chen, C. GP IEEE TI SMAP RADAR PROCESSING AND RESULTS FROM CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [West, R.; Jaruwatanadilok, S.; Chaubell, M.; Spencer, M.; Chan, S.; Freedman, A.; Fore, A.; Chen, C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP West, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. FU SMAP project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology FX This work is supported by the SMAP project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7374 EP 7375 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607043 ER PT S AU Xiong, X Angal, A Wu, A Barnes, W Salomonson, V AF Xiong, X. Angal, A. Wu, A. Barnes, W. Salomonson, V. GP IEEE TI TERRA AND AQUA MODIS INSTRUMENT PERFORMANCE SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Terra; Aqua; MODIS; calibration ID CALIBRATION AB Since launch, Terra and Aqua MODIS have produced an unprecedentedly large amount of high quality data products and supported a broad range of applications by the remote sensing science community and users worldwide. Constant and dedicated efforts have been made to continue instrument normal operation, to monitor and characterize changes in sensor responses, and to update calibration parameters to maintain the quality of MODIS data products. This paper provides an overview of instrument operation and calibration activities, and performance. On-orbit changes in sensor responses are illustrated. Also discussed are challenging issues, calibration strategies, and future efforts. C1 [Xiong, X.] NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Angal, A.; Wu, A.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Barnes, W.] Univ Maryland, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Salomonson, V.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Xiong, X (reprint author), NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7388 EP 7391 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607047 ER PT S AU Bourassa, MA Rodriguez, E Chelton, D AF Bourassa, Mark A. Rodriguez, Ernesto Chelton, Dudley GP IEEE TI WINDS AND CURRENTS MISSION: ABILITY TO OBSERVE MESOSCALE AIR/SEA COUPLING SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Vector winds; currents; vorticity; ocean; mission; satellite ID EL-NINO AB The motivation for a satellite mission to measure surface winds (stress) and surface currents is described. The mission concept is explained, and a successful example is shown based on simulated satellite sampling of the output a high-resolution ocean model with and without anticipated measurement noise. C1 [Bourassa, Mark A.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Rodriguez, Ernesto] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Chelton, Dudley] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Bourassa, MA (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7392 EP 7395 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607048 ER PT S AU Hensley, S Lou, YL Michel, T Muellerschoen, R Hawkins, B Lavalle, M Pinto, N Reigber, A Pardini, M AF Hensley, Scott Lou, Yunling Michel, Thierry Muellerschoen, Ron Hawkins, Brian Lavalle, Marco Pinto, Naiara Reigber, Andreas Pardini, Matteo GP IEEE TI UAVSAR POLINSAR AND TOMOGRAPHIC EXPERIMENTS IN GERMANY SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE radar; polarimetric interferometry; tomography; UAVSAR AB The NASA/JPL UAVSAR system was deployed to Europe in the May-June 2015 to collect data in support of experiments in Iceland, Norway and Germany. The deployment in Germany was focused on PolInSAR and tomographic data collections at the Traunstein Forest and in the Munich urban area. In addition data were collected at Kaufbeuren, the DLR calibration site, where several surveyed corner reflectors were available for imaging. We describe the experiment design, data collections and present some preliminary results from these experiments. C1 [Hensley, Scott; Lou, Yunling; Michel, Thierry; Muellerschoen, Ron; Hawkins, Brian; Lavalle, Marco; Pinto, Naiara] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Radar Sci & Engn Sect, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Reigber, Andreas; Pardini, Matteo] German Aerosp Ctr, Microwaves & Radar Inst, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. RP Hensley, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Radar Sci & Engn Sect, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7517 EP 7520 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607080 ER PT S AU Burgin, M van Zyl, J AF Burgin, Mariko van Zyl, Jakob GP IEEE TI IMPROVING SOIL MOISTURE ESTIMATION FROM POLARIMETRIC RADAR OBSERVATIONS: A STUDY OF SCENE HETEROGENEITY, LAND COVER, AND VEGETATION SEASONALITY SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Moisture; polarimetric radar; soil; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); time series AB State of the art soil moisture radar retrieval algorithms traditionally depend on substantial amounts of ancillary data, such as land cover and soil texture/composition maps, to parametrize complex electromagnetic models. In this work, we pursue an existing empirical approach as an alternative; it expresses radar backscatter of a vegetated scene as a linear function of soil moisture, thus reducing the dependence on ancillary data. We use 2.5 years of L-band Aquarius radar and radiometer derived soil moisture data to determine the two unknowns of the linear model function on a global scale. We investigate the impact of land cover type by utilizing the widely used IGBP land cover classification; it is found to be significant. We observe seasonal variation in the radar sensitivity to soil moisture, indicating and quantifying seasonally changing vegetation. Finally, we investigate the impact of vegetation heterogeneity within a radar pixel. C1 [Burgin, Mariko; van Zyl, Jakob] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Burgin, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The research described in this paper is supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7524 EP 7526 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607082 ER PT S AU Kuo, KS Oloso, A Doan, K Clune, TL Yu, HF AF Kuo, Kwo-Sen Oloso, Amidu Doan, Khoa Clune, Thomas L. Yu, Hongfeng GP IEEE TI IMPLICATIONS OF DATA PLACEMENT STRATEGY TO BIG DATA TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON SHARED-NOTHING ARCHITECTURE FOR GEOSCIENCES SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Big Data; geoscience; shared-nothing architecture; data placement AB It is found that data placement on the networked nodes of a cluster based on the shared-nothing architecture (SNA) should align in the physical (i.e. spatiotemporal) space for most geoscience Big Data analysis systems in order to minimize data movements and thus achieve optimal performance and efficiency. This is due to the fact that data analysis in geosciences predominantly requires spatiotemporal coincidence. If individual datasets are considered separately in their placement on the cluster nodes, these systems often have to move data between nodes when an analysis involves two or more datasets. In this paper, we first report our discoveries from a data placement alignment experiment with two Big Data technologies, SciDB and Spark+HDFS, and then elucidate some of the far-reaching implications of this discovery. C1 [Kuo, Kwo-Sen; Oloso, Amidu; Clune, Thomas L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kuo, Kwo-Sen] Bayesics LLC, Bowie, MD 20720 USA. [Kuo, Kwo-Sen; Doan, Khoa] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Oloso, Amidu] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. [Yu, Hongfeng] Univ Nebraska, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. RP Kuo, KS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Kuo, KS (reprint author), Bayesics LLC, Bowie, MD 20720 USA.; Kuo, KS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. FU NASA Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) program; NSF EarthCube program FX We are grateful to the funding provided by NASA Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) program and NSF EarthCube program that made this research possible. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7605 EP 7607 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607103 ER PT S AU Toure, MYA Goita, K Magagi, R Toure, AM AF Toure, Mohamed Y. A. Goita, Kalifa Magagi, Ramata Toure, Ally M. GP IEEE TI COMPARISON OF IN SITU AND GRACE ESTIMATED GROUNDWATER IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE GRACE; terrestrial water storage; groundwater; GLDAS AB Groundwater is an important component of the hydrological cycle. In Canada, more than 30% of the population relies on groundwater as the main source of water for domestic use. However, its measurement and monitoring remain challenging at large spatial scales. In this study, we examined the relationship between in situ groundwater data extracted from existing wells, and those derived from the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission terrestrial water storage data. The other intervening water components, such as soil moisture, were extracted from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). C1 [Toure, Mohamed Y. A.; Goita, Kalifa; Magagi, Ramata] Univ Sherbrooke, CARTEL, 2500 Boul Univ, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada. [Toure, Ally M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hydrol Sci Res, Code G617, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Toure, MYA (reprint author), Univ Sherbrooke, CARTEL, 2500 Boul Univ, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada. FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This study was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We thank the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for providing GRACE and GLDAS data. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7639 EP 7642 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607112 ER PT S AU Yi, DH Kurtz, N Harbeck, J Manizade, S Hofton, M Cornejo, HG Zwally, HJ Robbins, J AF Yi, Donghui Kurtz, Nathan Harbeck, Jeremy Manizade, Serdar Hofton, Michelle Cornejo, Helen G. Zwally, H. Jay Robbins, John GP IEEE TI ANTARCTIC SEA-ICE FREEBOARD AND ESTIMATED THICKNESS FROM NASA'S ICESAT AND ICEBRIDGE OBSERVATIONS SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC C1 [Yi, Donghui; Cornejo, Helen G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SGT Inc, Cryospher Sci Lab, Code 615, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kurtz, Nathan; Zwally, H. Jay] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Lab, Code 615, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Harbeck, Jeremy] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ADNET Syst Inc, Cryospher Sci Lab, Code 615, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Manizade, Serdar] NASA, WFF, URS Corp, Cryospher Sci Lab, Code 615, Wallops Isl, VA 23337 USA. [Hofton, Michelle] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zwally, H. Jay] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Robbins, John] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Craig Technol, Cryospher Sci Lab, Code 615, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Yi, DH (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, SGT Inc, Cryospher Sci Lab, Code 615, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM donghui.yi@nasa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 7682 EP 7685 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114607123 ER PT B AU Chin, M Diehl, T Bian, HS Kucsera, T AF Chin, Mian Diehl, Thomas Bian, Huisheng Kucsera, Tom BE Steyn, DG Chaumerliac, N TI Aerosols in the Atmosphere: Sources, Transport, and Multi-decadal Trends SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIV SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application (ITM) CY MAY 04-08, 2015 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP LaMP OPGC, CNRS, Univ British Columbia, CNRS INSU, CEA, CNES, ADEME, INERIS, Environm Canada ID GOCART MODEL; GLOBAL-MODEL; DUST AB We present our recent studies with global modeling and analysis of atmospheric aerosols. We have used the Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) model and satellite and in situ data to investigate (1) long-term variations of aerosols over polluted and dust source regions and downwind ocean areas in the past three decades and the cause of the changes and (2) anthropogenic and volcanic contributions to the sulfate aerosol in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere. C1 [Chin, Mian; Diehl, Thomas; Bian, Huisheng; Kucsera, Tom] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Diehl, Thomas] Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy. [Bian, Huisheng] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Kucsera, Tom] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. RP Chin, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM mian.chin@nasa.gov RI Chin, Mian/J-8354-2012 FU NASA FX We gratefully acknowledge the satellite groups (AVHRR, TOMS, SeaWiFS, MISR, MODIS, CALIOP, SCHIMACHY, OMI) and observation networks (IMPORVE, EMEP, University of Miami) for the aerosol data used in this work, and support by NASA MAP, Aura, and ACMAP programs. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-319-24476-1; 978-3-319-24478-5 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2016 BP 3 EP 10 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-24478-5_1 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG9SQ UT WOS:000393786100002 ER PT B AU Kishcha, P da Silva, AM Starobinets, B Alpert, P AF Kishcha, Pavel da Silva, Arlindo M. Starobinets, Boris Alpert, Pinhas BE Steyn, DG Chaumerliac, N TI Saharan Dust as a Causal Factor of Significant Cloud Cover Along the Saharan Air Layer in the Atlantic Ocean SO AIR POLLUTION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION XXIV SE Springer Proceedings in Complexity LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 34th International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application (ITM) CY MAY 04-08, 2015 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP LaMP OPGC, CNRS, Univ British Columbia, CNRS INSU, CEA, CNES, ADEME, INERIS, Environm Canada AB The tropical Atlantic is frequently affected by Saharan dust intrusions. Based on MODIS cloud fraction (CF) data during the 10 year study period, we found that these dust intrusions contribute to significant cloud cover along the Saharan Air Layer (SAL). Below the temperature inversion at the SAL's base, the presence of large amounts of settling dust particles, together with marine aerosols, produces meteorological conditions suitable for the formation of shallow stratocumulus clouds. The significant cloud fraction along the SAL together with clouds over the Atlantic Inter-tropical Convergence Zone contributes to the 20 % hemispheric CF asymmetry between the tropical North and South Atlantic. This leads to the imbalance in strong solar radiation, which reaches the sea surface between the tropical North and South Atlantic, and, consequently, affects climate formation in the tropical Atlantic. Therefore, despite the fact that, over the global ocean, there is no noticeable hemispheric asymmetry in cloud fraction, over the significant area such as the tropical Atlantic the hemispheric asymmetry in CF takes place. Saharan dust is also the major contributor to hemispheric aerosol asymmetry over the tropical Atlantic. The NASA GEOS-5 model with aerosol data assimilation was used to extend the MERRA reanalysis with five atmospheric aerosol species (desert dust, sulfates, organic carbon, black carbon, and sea-salt). The obtained 10 year (2002-2012) MERRA-driven aerosol reanalysis dataset (aka MERRAero) showed that, over the tropical Atlantic, dust and carbonaceous aerosols were distributed asymmetrically relative to the equator, while other aerosol species were distributed more symmetrically. C1 [Kishcha, Pavel; Starobinets, Boris; Alpert, Pinhas] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geosci, Tel Aviv, Israel. [da Silva, Arlindo M.] NASA, GSFC, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Kishcha, P (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geosci, Tel Aviv, Israel. EM pavel@cyclone.tau.ac.il NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-319-24476-1; 978-3-319-24478-5 J9 SPRINGER PR COMPLEX PY 2016 BP 569 EP 573 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-24478-5_92 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BG9SQ UT WOS:000393786100093 ER PT S AU Comiso, JC AF Comiso, Josefino C. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Raju, PLN Planka, L Zdimal, V Kumar, TS Faruque, FS Kerr, Y Ramasamy, SM Comiso, J Hussin, YA Thenkabail, PS Lavender, S Skidmore, A Yue, P Patias, P Altan, O Weng, Q TI GLOBAL CHANGES IN THE SEA ICE COVER AND ASSOCIATED SURFACE TEMPERATURE CHANGES SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION VIII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Global; sea ice; surface temperature; trends; climate change; remote sensing ID TRENDS; VARIABILITY; CLIMATE AB The trends in the sea ice cover in the two hemispheres have been observed to be asymmetric with the rate of change in the Arctic being negative at -3.8% per decade while that of the Antarctic is positive at 1.7% per decade. These observations are confirmed in this study through analyses of a more robust data set that has been enhanced for better consistency and updated for improved statistics. With reports of anthropogenic global warming such phenomenon appears physically counter intuitive but trend studies of surface temperature over the same time period show the occurrence of a similar asymmetry. Satellite surface temperature data show that while global warming is strong and dominant in the Arctic, it is relatively minor in the Antarctic with the trends in sea ice covered areas and surrounding ice free regions observed to be even negative. A strong correlation of ice extent with surface temperature is observed, especially during the growth season, and the observed trends in the sea ice cover are coherent with the trends in surface temperature. The trend of global averages of the ice cover is negative but modest and is consistent and compatible with the positive but modest trend in global surface temperature. A continuation of the trend would mean the disappearance of summer ice by the end of the century but modelling projections indicate that the summer ice could be salvaged if anthropogenic greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are kept constant at the current level. C1 [Comiso, Josefino C.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryosphere Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Comiso, JC (reprint author), NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryosphere Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov FU Cryopheric Sciences Program at NASA Headquarters FX The author is grateful to Robert Gersten of ADNET and Larry Stock of SGT both working at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center for programming and analysis support. Funds for the project was provided by the Cryopheric Sciences Program at NASA Headquarters. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B8 BP 469 EP 479 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-469-2016 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BG9GE UT WOS:000393156000081 ER PT S AU Bernardes, S Madden, M AF Bernardes, S. Madden, M. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Raju, PLN Planka, L Zdimal, V Kumar, TS Faruque, FS Kerr, Y Ramasamy, SM Comiso, J Hussin, YA Thenkabail, PS Lavender, S Skidmore, A Yue, P Patias, P Altan, O Weng, Q TI VEGETATION DISTURBANCE AND RECOVERY FOLLOWING A RARE WINDTHROW EVENT IN THE GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION VIII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE tornado; Landsat; Enhanced Vegetation Index; EVI; time-series; Southeastern United States AB The tornado outbreak of April 2011 in the Southeastern United States caused major damage to property and natural ecosystems. During the outbreak, the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) was hit by an EF4 tornado, resulting in a long strip of broken branches and toppled old-growth forest trees. Little is known of the consequences of extreme windthrow events, partly due to limitations in characterizing and monitoring wind-driven vegetation disturbance and recovery over large areas and over time. This work analyzed vegetation damage in the GRSM resulting from the 2011 tornado outbreak and monitored vegetation recovery in the region over a four-year period. Anomalies of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) calculated using Landsat scenes showed that the 2011 tornado affected 21.38 km(2) of forest, including submesic to mesic oak/hardwoods, Southern Appalachian cove hardwood forests and montane alluvial forests. Tornado damage severity was mapped and investigated by using anomalies of EVI over space and time and showed track discontinuity and significant variation in damage intensity along the tornado track, suggesting vortex-topography interactions. Temporal profiles and spatial representations of EVI anomalies for the period 2011-2015 indicated that EVI in 2015 was above pre-event values, indicating homogeneous canopy and lack of vertical structure during regrowth. C1 [Bernardes, S.; Madden, M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, CGR, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bernardes, S.] NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Bernardes, S (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, CGR, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Bernardes, S (reprint author), NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. EM sbernard@uga.edu; mmadden@uga.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B8 BP 571 EP 575 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-571-2016 PG 5 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BG9GE UT WOS:000393156000096 ER PT S AU Pahlevan, N Sheldon, P Peri, F Wei, JW Shang, ZH Sun, QS Chen, RF Lee, Z Schaaf, CB Schott, JR Loveland, T AF Pahlevan, Nima Sheldon, Patrick Peri, Francesco Wei, Jianwei Shang, Zhehai Sun, Qingsong Chen, Robert F. Lee, Zhongping Schaaf, Crystal B. Schott, John R. Loveland, Thomas BE Halounova, L Safar, V Raju, PLN Planka, L Zdimal, V Kumar, TS Faruque, FS Kerr, Y Ramasamy, SM Comiso, J Hussin, YA Thenkabail, PS Lavender, S Skidmore, A Yue, P Patias, P Altan, O Weng, Q TI CALIBRATION/VALIDATION OF LANDSAT-DERIVED OCEAN COLOUR PRODUCTS IN BOSTON HARBOUR SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION VIII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Landsat; ocean colour; coastal waters; algorithm development; water constituents AB The Landsat data archive provides a unique opportunity to investigate the long-term evolution of coastal ecosystems at fine spatial scales that cannot be resolved by ocean colour (OC) satellite sensors. Recognizing Landsat's limitations in applications over coastal waters, we have launched a series of field campaigns in Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay (MA, USA) to validate OC products derived from Landsat-8. We will provide a preliminary demonstration on the calibration/validation of the existing OC algorithms (atmospheric correction and in-water optical properties) to enhance monitoring efforts in Boston Harbor. To do so, Landsat optical images were first compared against ocean colour products over high-latitude regions. The in situ cruise data, including optical data (remote sensing reflectance) and water samples were analyzed to obtain insights into the optical and biogeochemical properties of near-surface waters. Along with the cruise data, three buoys were deployed in three locations across the Harbor to complement our database of concentrations of chlorophyll a, total suspended solids (TSS), and absorption of colour dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The data collected during the first year of the project are used to develop and/or tune OC algorithms. The data will be combined with historic field data to map in-water constituents back to the early 1990's. This paper presents preliminary analysis of some of the data collected under Landsat-8 overpasses. C1 [Pahlevan, Nima] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Pahlevan, Nima] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Sheldon, Patrick; Peri, Francesco; Wei, Jianwei; Shang, Zhehai; Sun, Qingsong; Chen, Robert F.; Lee, Zhongping; Schaaf, Crystal B.] Univ Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Schott, John R.] Rochester Inst Technol, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Loveland, Thomas] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57030 USA. RP Pahlevan, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Pahlevan, N (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM nima.pahlevan@nasa.gov; Patrick.Sheldon001@umb.edu; Francesco.Peri@umb.edu; Jianwei.Wei@umb.edu; Zhehai.Shang001@umb.edu; Qingsong.Sun@umb.edu; Bob.Chen@umb.edu; ZhongPing.Lee@umb.edu; Crystal.Schaaf@umb.edu; schott@cis.rit.edu; loveland@usgs.gov OI Sun, Qingsong/0000-0002-7710-2123 FU MIT SeaGrant program [2015-R/RC-140]; Ed Masuoka of the Terrestrial Information Systems Lab at NASA GSFC FX Support for this work has been provided by the MIT SeaGrant program under the Award # 2015-R/RC-140. We also acknowledge the support by Ed Masuoka of the Terrestrial Information Systems Lab at NASA GSFC. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B8 BP 1165 EP 1168 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-1165-2016 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BG9GE UT WOS:000393156000197 ER PT S AU Perez, GJ Macapagal, M Olivares, R Macapagal, EM Comiso, JC AF Perez, G. J. Macapagal, M. Olivares, R. Macapagal, E. M. Comiso, J. C. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Raju, PLN Planka, L Zdimal, V Kumar, TS Faruque, FS Kerr, Y Ramasamy, SM Comiso, J Hussin, YA Thenkabail, PS Lavender, S Skidmore, A Yue, P Patias, P Altan, O Weng, Q TI FORECASTING AND MONITORING AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT IN THE PHILIPPINES SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION VIII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Remote Sensing Applications; Agriculture; Drought; Natural Hazards; Philippines ID EVAPORATIVE STRESS INDEX; ARCTIC TUNDRA VEGETATION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; NDVI; SATELLITE; PRECIPITATION; REFLECTANCE AB A monitoring and forecasting sytem is developed to assess the extent and severity of agricultural droughts in the Philippines at various spacial scales and across different time periods. Using Earth observation satellite data, drought index, hazard and vulnerability maps are created. The drought index, called Standardized Vegetation-Temperature Ratio (SVTR), is derived using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST). SVTR is evaluated by correlating its values with existing agricultural drought index, particulary Evaporative Stress Index (ESI). Moreover, the performance of SVTR in detecting drought occurrences was assessed for the 2015-2016 drought event. This period is a strong El Nino year and a large portion of the country was affected by drought at varying degrees, making it a good case study for evaluating drought indices. Satellite-derived SVTR was validated through several field visits and surveys across different major agricultural areas in the country, and was found to be 73% accurate. The drought hazard and vulnerability maps are produced by utilizing the evapotranspration product of MODIS, rainfall climatology from the Tropical Rainfall Microwave Mission (TRMM) and ancillary data, including irrigation, water holding capacity and land use. Finally, we used statistical techniques to determine trends in NDVI and LST and generate a six-month forecast of drought index. Outputs of this study are being assessed by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) and the Department of Agriculture Bureau of Soils and Water Management (DA-BSWM) for future integration in their operations. C1 [Perez, G. J.; Macapagal, M.; Olivares, R.; Macapagal, E. M.] Univ Philippines Diliman, Inst Environm Sci & Meteorol, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. [Comiso, J. C.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Perez, GJ (reprint author), Univ Philippines Diliman, Inst Environm Sci & Meteorol, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. EM gpperez1@up.edu.ph; marcomacapagal1@gmail.com; roolivares@up.edu.ph; macapagal.erika@gmail.com; josefino.c.comiso@nasa.gov FU Department of Science and Technology (DOST) through the Drought and Crop Assessment and Forecasting (DCAF) Project FX The authors would like to thank the following satellite data providers: the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) of NASA ["The data used in this effort were acquired as part of the activities of NASA's Science Mission Directorate, and are archived and distributed by the Goddard Earth Sciences ( GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC)."], NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC), USGS/Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. This study was funded by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) through the Drought and Crop Assessment and Forecasting (DCAF) Project. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B8 BP 1263 EP 1269 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-1263-2016 PG 7 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BG9GE UT WOS:000393156000213 ER PT S AU Leckey, J AF Leckey, J. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Raju, PLN Planka, L Zdimal, V Kumar, TS Faruque, FS Kerr, Y Ramasamy, SM Comiso, J Hussin, YA Thenkabail, PS Lavender, S Skidmore, A Yue, P Patias, P Altan, O Weng, Q TI ABSOLUTE STANDARDS FOR CLIMATE MEASUREMENTS SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION VIII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Infrared; Far-Infrared; Radiance; Climate; Atmosphere; Standard; SI Traceable; Measurement AB In a world of changing climate, political uncertainty, and ever-changing budgets, the benefit of measurements traceable to SI standards increases by the day. To truly resolve climate change trends on a decadal time scale, on-orbit measurements need to be referenced to something that is both absolute and unchanging. One such mission is the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) that will measure a variety of climate variables with an unprecedented accuracy to definitively quantify climate change. In the CLARREO mission, we will utilize phase change cells in which a material is melted to calibrate the temperature of a blackbody that can then be observed by a spectrometer. A materials melting point is an unchanging physical constant that, through a series of transfers, can ultimately calibrate a spectrometer on an absolute scale. CLARREO consists of two primary instruments: an infrared (IR) spectrometer and a reflected solar (RS) spectrometer. The mission will contain orbiting radiometers with sufficient accuracy to calibrate other space-based instrumentation and thus transferring the absolute traceability. The status of various mission options will be presented. C1 [Leckey, J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr LARC, Bldg 1202 MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Leckey, J (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr LARC, Bldg 1202 MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM john.p.leckey@nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B8 BP 1407 EP 1408 DI 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B8-1407-2016 PG 2 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BG9GE UT WOS:000393156000235 ER PT S AU Kabanov, DM Polkin, VV Sakerin, SM Radionov, VF Smirnov, A AF Kabanov, Dmitry M. Polkin, Victor V. Sakerin, Sergey M. Radionov, Vladimir F. Smirnov, Alexander BE Matvienko, GG Romanovskii, OA TI Analysis of variability and the interrelations between characteristics of atmospherics aerosols according to data of multiyear measurements along eastern route of Russian Antarctic expeditions SO 22ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEAN OPTICS: ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics - Atmospheric Physics CY JUN 30-JUL 03, 2016 CL Tomsk, RUSSIA SP SPIE, Russian Fdn Basic Res, Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, SP Equipment, Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, V E Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt, Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Solar Terrestrial Phys DE aerosol; black carbon; aerosol optical depth AB In period of 2004-2015, we carried out yearly measurements of aerosol characteristics on one and the same route of Russian Antarctic expeditions in the Eastern Atlantic. Based on data obtained in 13 expeditions, in the report we discuss interrelations between different aerosol parameters, measured in the near-ground layer and in the entire atmospheric depth: number concentrations of small (d = 0.4-1 mu m) and large (d > 1 mu m) particles, mass concentrations of aerosol and black carbon, aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere, its fine and coarse components, and selectivity indices of spectral AOD behavior. Correlations between aerosol parameters over ocean are analyzed for the total dataset, for separate latitude zones (regions). C1 [Kabanov, Dmitry M.; Polkin, Victor V.; Sakerin, Sergey M.] RAS, VE Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt, SB, 1 Acad Zuev Sq, Tomsk 634021, Russia. [Radionov, Vladimir F.] Arctic & Antarctic Reserch Inst, 38 Bering Str, St Petersburg 199397, Russia. [Smirnov, Alexander] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Bldg 33,Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Kabanov, DM (reprint author), RAS, VE Zuev Inst Atmospher Opt, SB, 1 Acad Zuev Sq, Tomsk 634021, Russia. EM dkab@iao.ru RI Smirnov, Alexander/C-2121-2009 OI Smirnov, Alexander/0000-0002-8208-1304 FU Complex Program of Basic Research, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences [II.2II/IX.133-3] FX Studies were performed in the framework of Subprogram "Organization and support of works and scientific research in Antarctica", State Program of the Russian Federation "Environmental protection" for 2012- 2020; and under the support of Complex Program of Basic Research, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (project no. II.2II/IX.133-3). Authors thank the leaders of RAE for help in research of atmospheric aerosol over ocean; also thanks go to our colleagues who participated in measurements, i.e., to N.I. Vlasov, A.V. Gubin, K.E. Lubo- Lesnichenko, Vas. V. Polkin, A.N. Prakhov, D.E. Savkin, S.A. Terpugova, A.B. Tikhomirov, Yu.S. Turchinovich. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0512-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10035 AR 100353G DI 10.1117/12.2248667 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BG8QA UT WOS:000392623500124 ER PT S AU Korkin, S Lyapustin, A Sinyuk, A Holben, B AF Korkin, Sergey Lyapustin, Alexei Sinyuk, Aliaksandr Holben, Brent BE Huang, B Lopez, S Wu, Z Nascimento, JM Li, J Strotov, VV TI Performance of the dot product function in radiative transfer code SORD SO HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING IN GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High-Performance Computing in Geoscience and Remote Sensing VI CY SEP 28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE polarized radiative transfer; successive orders of scattering; open-source software; dot product ID SUCCESSIVE ORDER; ATMOSPHERE; MODEL AB The successive orders of scattering radiative transfer (RT) codes frequently call the scalar (dot) product function. In this paper, we study performance of some implementations of the dot product in the RT code SORD using 50 scenarios for light scattering in the atmosphere-surface system. In the dot product function, we use the unrolled loops technique with different unrolling factor. We also considered the intrinsic Fortran functions. We show results for two machines: ifort compiler under Windows, and pgf90 under Linux. Intrinsic DOT_PRODUCT function showed best performance for the ifort. For the pgf90, the dot product implemented with unrolling factor 4 was the fastest. The RT code SORD together with the interface that runs all the mentioned tests are publicly available from ftp://maiac.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/skorkin/SORD_IP_16B (current release) or by email request from the corresponding (first) author. C1 [Korkin, Sergey] USRA GESTAR, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Korkin, Sergey; Lyapustin, Alexei; Sinyuk, Aliaksandr; Holben, Brent] NASA GSFC, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sinyuk, Aliaksandr] Sigma Space Corp, 4600 Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Korkin, S (reprint author), USRA GESTAR, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA.; Korkin, S (reprint author), NASA GSFC, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM sergey.v.korkin@nasa.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0418-6; 978-1-5106-0419-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10007 AR 1000705 DI 10.1117/12.2240592 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG7CZ UT WOS:000391224700004 ER PT S AU Espeseth, MM Skrunes, S Brekke, C Salberg, AB Jones, CE Holt, B AF Espeseth, Martine M. Skrunes, Stine Brekke, Camilla Salberg, Arnt-Borre Jones, Cathleen E. Holt, Benjamin BE Bruzzone, L Bovolo, F TI Oil spill characterization in the hybrid-polarity SAR domain using log-cumulants SO IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR REMOTE SENSING XXII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXII CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Oil spill characterization; Texture; Log-cumulants; Hybrid-Polarity; SAR; UAVSAR ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; POLARIMETRIC SAR; PI/4 MODE; BACKSCATTER; FEATURES; IMAGERY AB Log-cumulants have proven to be an interesting tool for evaluating the statistical properties of potential oil spills in polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data within the common horizontal (H) and vertical (V) polarization basis. The use of first, second, and third order sample log-cumulants has shown potential for evaluating the texture and the statistical distributions, as well as discriminating oil from look-alikes. Log-cumulants are cumulants derived in the log-domain and can be applied to both single-polarization and multi-polarization SAR data. This study is the first to investigate the differences between hybrid-polarity (HP) and full-polarimetric (FP) modes based on the sample log-cumulants of various oil slicks and open water from nine Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) scenes acquired off the coast of Norway in 2015. The sample log-cumulants calculated from the HP intensities show similar statistical behavior to the FP ones, resulting in a similar interpretation of the sample log-cumulants from HP and FP. Approximately eight hours after release the sample log-cumulants representing emulsion slicks have become more similar to the open water compared to plant oil. We find that the sample log-cumulants of the various oil slicks and open water varies between the scenes and also between the slicks and open water. This might be due to changes in ocean and wind condition, the initial slick properties, and/or the difference in the weathering process of the oil slicks. C1 [Espeseth, Martine M.; Skrunes, Stine; Brekke, Camilla] UiT, Hansine Hansens Veg 14, N-9019 Tromso, Norway. [Salberg, Arnt-Borre] Norwegian Comp Ctr, Gaustadalleen 23a, N-0373 Oslo, Norway. [Jones, Cathleen E.; Holt, Benjamin] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Espeseth, MM (reprint author), UiT, Hansine Hansens Veg 14, N-9019 Tromso, Norway. EM martine.espeseth@uit.no FU CIRFA (RCN Grant) [237906] FX The authors would like to thank NOFO for hosting NORSE2015 and MET Norway for collecting the met/ocean observations. This research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NORSE2015 was partly financed by CIRFA (RCN Grant no. 237906). Thanks also to Anthony Doulgeris at UiT for discussions on both the theory of log-cumulants and the segmentation method. UAVSAR data are courtesy of NASA/JPL Caltech. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0412-4; 978-1-5106-0413-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10004 AR 1000414 DI 10.1117/12.2241098 PG 19 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG9FP UT WOS:000393154600039 ER PT S AU Khlopenkov, KV Doelling, DR AF Khlopenkov, Konstantin V. Doelling, David R. BE Bruzzone, L Bovolo, F TI Development of Image Processing Method to Detect Noise in Geostationary Imagery SO IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR REMOTE SENSING XXII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXII CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE ID SYSTEM; CERES AB The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) has incorporated imagery from 16 individual geostationary (GEO) satellites across five contiguous domains since March 2000. In order to derive broadband fluxes uniform across satellite platforms it is important to ensure a good quality of the input raw count data. GEO data obtained by older GOES imagers (such as MTSAT-1, Meteosat-5, Meteosat-7, GMS-5, and GOES-9) are known to frequently contain various types of noise caused by transmission errors, sync errors, stray light contamination, and others. This work presents an image processing methodology designed to detect most kinds of noise and corrupt data in all bands of raw imagery from modern and historic GEO satellites. The algorithm is based on a set of different approaches to detect abnormal image patterns, including inter-line and inter-pixel differences within a scanline, correlation between scanlines, analysis of spatial variance, and also a 2D Fourier analysis of the image spatial frequencies. In spite of computational complexity, the described method is highly optimized for performance to facilitate volume processing of multi-year data and runs in fully automated mode. Reliability of this noise detection technique has been assessed by human supervision for each GEO dataset obtained during selected time periods in 2005 and 2006. This assessment has demonstrated the overall detection accuracy of over 99.5% and the false alarm rate of under 0.3%. The described noise detection routine is currently used in volume processing of historical GEO imagery for subsequent production of global gridded data products and for cross-platform calibration. C1 [Khlopenkov, Konstantin V.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Doelling, David R.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Khlopenkov, KV (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0412-4; 978-1-5106-0413-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10004 AR 100041S DI 10.1117/12.2241544 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG9FP UT WOS:000393154600059 ER PT S AU Wilson, T Wu, AS Geng, X Wang, ZP Xiong, XX AF Wilson, Truman Wu, Aisheng Geng, Xu Wang, Zhipeng Xiong, Xiaoxiong BE Bruzzone, L Bovolo, F TI Analysis of the electronic crosstalk effect in Terra MODIS long-wave infrared photovoltaic bands using lunar images SO IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR REMOTE SENSING XXII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXII CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE MODIS; crosstalk; radiometric improvements; contamination; calibration; striping; thermal emissive bands (TEBs) ID THERMAL EMISSIVE BANDS; ON-ORBIT CALIBRATION; PERFORMANCE AB The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is one of the key sensors among the suite of remote sensing instruments on board the Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua spacecrafts. For each MODIS spectral band, the sensor degradation has been measured using a set of on-board calibrators. MODIS also uses lunar observations from nearly monthly spacecraft maneuvers, which bring the Moon into view through the space view port, helping to characterize the scan mirror degradation at a different angles of incidence. Throughout the Terra mission, contamination of the long-wave infrared photovoltaic band (LWIR PV, bands 27 - 30) signals has been observed in the form of electronic crosstalk, where signal from each of the detectors among the LWIR PV bands can leak to the other detectors, producing a false signal contribution. This contamination has had a noticeable effect on the MODIS science products since 2010 for band 27, and since 2012 for bands 28 and 29. Images of the Moon have been used effectively for determining the contaminating bands, and have also been used to derive correction coefficients for the crosstalk contamination. In this paper, we introduce an updated technique for characterizing the crosstalk contamination among the LWIR PV bands using data from lunar calibration events. This approach takes into account both the "in-band" and "out-of-band" contribution to the signal contamination for each detector in bands 27 - 30, which is not considered in previous works. The crosstalk coefficients can be derived for each lunar calibration event, providing the time dependence of the crosstalk contamination. Application of these coefficients to Earth-view image data results in a significant reduction in image contamination and a correction of the scene radiance for bands 27 - 30. Also, this correction shows a significant improvement to certain threshold tests in the MODIS Level-2 Cloud Mask. In this paper, we will detail the methodology used to identify and correct the crosstalk contamination for the LWIR PV bands in Terra MODIS. The derived time-dependent crosstalk coefficients will also be discussed. Finally, the impact of the correction on the downstream data products will be analyzed. C1 [Wilson, Truman; Wu, Aisheng; Geng, Xu; Wang, Zhipeng] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Xiong, Xiaoxiong] NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Wilson, T (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM truman.wilson@ssaihq.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0412-4; 978-1-5106-0413-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10004 AR 100041C DI 10.1117/12.2240574 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG9FP UT WOS:000393154600046 ER PT S AU Singh, UN Petros, M Refaat, TF Antill, CW Remus, R Yu, JR AF Singh, Upendra N. Petros, Mulugeta Refaat, Tamer F. Antill, Charles W. Remus, Ruben Yu, Jirong BE Singh, UN Nicolae, DN TI Airborne lidar for simultaneous measurement of column CO2 and water vapor in the atmosphere SO LIDAR TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNIQUES, AND MEASUREMENTS FOR ATMOSPHERIC REMOTE SENSING XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lidar Technologies, Techniques, and Measurements for Atmospheric Remote Sensing XII CY SEP 26-27, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Active remote sensing; carbon dioxide; water vapor; DIAL; IPDA lidar; triple-pulse laser ID IPDA LIDAR; MU-M AB The 2-micron wavelength region is suitable for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements due to the existence of distinct absorption feathers for the gas at this particular wavelength. For more than 20 years, researchers at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) have developed several high-energy and high repetition rate 2-micron pulsed lasers. This paper will provide status and details of an airborne 2-micron triple-pulse integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar. The development of this active optical remote sensing IPDA instrument is targeted for measuring both CO2 and water vapor (H2O) in the atmosphere from an airborne platform. This presentation will focus on the advancement of the 2-micron triple-pulse IPDA lidar development. Updates on the state-of-the-art triple-pulse laser transmitter will be presented including the status of seed laser locking, wavelength control, receiver telescope, detection system and data acquisition. Future plans for the IPDA lidar system for ground integration, testing and flight validation will also be presented. C1 [Singh, Upendra N.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, NASA Engn & Safety Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Petros, Mulugeta; Refaat, Tamer F.; Antill, Charles W.; Remus, Ruben; Yu, Jirong] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Remote Sensing Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Singh, UN (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, NASA Engn & Safety Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0416-2; 978-1-5106-0417-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10006 AR 1000602 DI 10.1117/12.2245509 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG7DA UT WOS:000391225600001 ER PT S AU Korkin, S Lyapustin, A Sinyuk, A Holben, B AF Korkin, Sergey Lyapustin, Alexei Sinyuk, Aliaksandr Holben, Brent BE Comeron, A Kassianov, EI Schafer, K Jack, JW Picard, RH Weber, K TI Accuracy of RT code SORD for realistic atmospheric profiles SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XXI CY SEP 28-29, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE RT code; successive orders; polarization; height profiles; accuracy assessment ID AEROSOL PROPERTIES; SUCCESSIVE ORDER; SCATTERING; RETRIEVAL; MODEL AB We discuss accuracy of our recently developed RT code SORD using 2 benchmark scenarios published by the IPRT group in 2015. These scenarios define atmospheres with a complicate dependence of scattering and absorption properties over height (profile). Equal step, dh=1km, is assumed in the profiles. We developed subroutines that split such atmospheres into layers of the same optical thickness, d iota. We provide full text of the subroutines with comments in Appendix. The d iota is a step for vertical integration in the method of successive orders. Modification of the input profiles from "equal step over h" to "equal step over iota" changes input for RT simulations. This may cause errors at or above the acceptable level of the measurement uncertainty. We show errors of the RT code SORD for both intensity and polarization. In addition to that, using our discrete ordinates RT code IPOL, we discuss one more IPRT scenario, in which changes in height profile indeed cause unacceptable errors. Clear understanding of source and magnitude of these errors is important, e.g. for the AERONET retrieval algorithm. C1 [Korkin, Sergey] USRA GESTAR, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Korkin, Sergey; Lyapustin, Alexei; Sinyuk, Aliaksandr; Holben, Brent] NASA GSFC, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sinyuk, Aliaksandr] Sigma Space Corp, 4600 Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Korkin, S (reprint author), USRA GESTAR, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA.; Korkin, S (reprint author), NASA GSFC, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM sergev.v.korkin@nasa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0406-3; 978-1-5106-0407-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10001 AR UNSP 100010B DI 10.1117/12.2241411 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG7MY UT WOS:000391488200009 ER PT S AU Perez-Ramirez, D Lyamani, H Smirnov, A O'Neill, NT Veselovskii, I Whiteman, DN Olmo, FJ Alados-Arboledas, L AF Perez-Ramirez, D. Lyamani, H. Smirnov, A. O'Neill, N. T. Veselovskii, I. Whiteman, D. N. Olmo, F. J. Alados-Arboledas, L. BE Comeron, A Kassianov, EI Schafer, K Jack, JW Picard, RH Weber, K TI Statistical study of day and night hourly patterns of columnar aerosol properties using sun and star photometry SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XXI CY SEP 28-29, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Day-to-night aerosol evolution; star photometry; sun photometry; atmospheric aerosol ID SKY RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; OPTICAL DEPTH; LIDAR MEASUREMENTS; AERONET; ALGORITHM; NETWORK; SITES AB This work focuses on the statistical analysis of day and night hourly pattern of columnar aerosol properties. To that end, we use the large database of star-photometry measurements at the University of Granada station (37.16 degrees N, 3.60 degrees W, 680 m a.s.l; South-East of Spain) for nighttime characterization, and co-located AERONET measurements for the daytime. The aerosol properties studied are the aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom parameter (alpha(440-870)) and aerosol optical depths of fine (AOD(fine)) and coarse mode (AOD(coarse)) through the Spectral Deconvolution Algorithm (SDA). Microphysical properties are calculated by inverting AOD spectra and include the effective radius (r(eff)) and volume concentration (V) of the total size distribution, and also the effective radius of the fine mode (r(fine)). The initial analysis for the different air masses that reach the study area reveals that generally day and night values of AOD and a(440-870) are not different statistically. Nighttime values of AOD(fine), r(eff) and r(fine) do however, present larger values. The influence of North African air-masses is remarkable both during the day and night, with high particle loads and low values of the Angstrom parameters and also with large contribution of coarse particles as AOD(coarse) and r(eff) values are almost the double than for other air masses. The analyses of day-to-night hourly values reveal an increase in AOD, AOD(fine) and AOD(coarse) during the day and a decrease during the night. Such a pattern could be explained by the different emission rates, accumulation, aging and deposition of particles. Changes in particle radius are also observed as part of the day-tonight particle evolution process, being r(fine) variations important mainly at daytime while for r(eff) variations are more important at nighttime. Results of day-to-night evolution were found to be independent of air-mass origin, and seem to be mainly associated with local processes. C1 [Perez-Ramirez, D.; Lyamani, H.; Olmo, F. J.; Alados-Arboledas, L.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Aplicada, Campus Fuentenueva S-N, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Perez-Ramirez, D.; Lyamani, H.; Olmo, F. J.; Alados-Arboledas, L.] Andalusian Inst Earth Syst Res IISTA, Av Mediterraneo S-N, Granada 18006, Spain. [Smirnov, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Smirnov, A.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [O'Neill, N. T.] Univ Sherbrooke, Ctr Applicat & Rech Teledetect, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada. [Veselovskii, I.] UMBC, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Veselovskii, I.] Inst Gen Phys, Phys Instrumentat Ctr, Moscow, Russia. [Whiteman, D. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mesoscale Atmospher Proc Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Perez-Ramirez, D (reprint author), Univ Granada, Dept Fis Aplicada, Campus Fuentenueva S-N, E-18071 Granada, Spain.; Perez-Ramirez, D (reprint author), Andalusian Inst Earth Syst Res IISTA, Av Mediterraneo S-N, Granada 18006, Spain. RI Smirnov, Alexander/C-2121-2009 OI Smirnov, Alexander/0000-0002-8208-1304 NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0406-3; 978-1-5106-0407-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10001 AR 100010K DI 10.1117/12.2242372 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG7MY UT WOS:000391488200014 ER PT S AU Szewczyk, ZP Smith, GL Priestley, KJ AF Szewczyk, Z. Peter Smith, G. Louis Priestley, Kory J. BE Comeron, A Kassianov, EI Schafer, K Jack, JW Picard, RH Weber, K TI Comparison of unfiltered radiances measured in the minor plane by CERES scanners around the time of summer solstices SO REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUDS AND THE ATMOSPHERE XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XXI CY SEP 28-29, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE ID ENERGY SYSTEM; INSTRUMENTS ABOARD; AQUA SATELLITES; CLOUDS; VALIDATION; TERRA AB Comparisons of unfiltered radiances measured by CERES instruments aboard three different satellites, Terra, Aqua, and Suomi-NPP are presented. To enable a comparison at the unfiltered radiance level, viewing geometries of the instruments are matched in the minor plane about 68 degrees N around the summer solstice time for the smallest solar zenith angles of measurements for these high latitudes. Data set for comparison for CERES on Terra and Aqua has been collected since 2002, and for Terra and S-NPP since 2012 in annual field campaigns. For the former, data are collected in June, and for the latter from May to July of each year. Results of comparison are reported for all-sky condition and selected scene types for shortwave and long-wave radiances based on Edition 4 ERBE-like (ES8) data product. C1 [Szewczyk, Z. Peter; Smith, G. Louis] SSAI, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. [Priestley, Kory J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Szewczyk, ZP (reprint author), SSAI, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0406-3; 978-1-5106-0407-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10001 AR UNSP 1000108 DI 10.1117/12.2240953 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG7MY UT WOS:000391488200006 ER PT S AU Kauffman, S Havelund, K Joshi, R AF Kauffman, Sean Havelund, Klaus Joshi, Rajeev BE Falcone, Y Sanchez, C TI nfer - A Notation and System for Inferring Event Stream Abstractions SO RUNTIME VERIFICATION, (RV 2016) SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Runtime Verification (RV) CY SEP 23-30, 2016 CL Madrid, SPAIN SP Spanish Council Sci Res, Residencia Estudiantes ID TEMPORAL LOGIC; VERIFICATION AB We propose a notation for specifying event stream abstractions for use in spacecraft telemetry processing. Our work is motivated by the need to quickly process streams with millions of events generated by the Curiosity rover on Mars. The approach builds a hierarchy of event abstractions for telemetry visualization and querying to aid human comprehension. Such abstractions can also be used as input to other runtime verification tools. Our notation is inspired by Allen's Temporal Logic, and provides a rule-based declarative way to express event abstractions. The system is written in Scala, with the specification language implemented as an internal DSL. It is based on parallel executing actors communicating via a publish-subscribe model. We illustrate the solution with several examples, including a real telemetry analysis scenario. C1 [Kauffman, Sean] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. [Havelund, Klaus; Joshi, Rajeev] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Havelund, K (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM klaus.havelund@jpl.nasa.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-46982-9; 978-3-319-46981-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2016 VL 10012 BP 235 EP 250 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-46982-9_15 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG4JW UT WOS:000388925200015 ER PT S AU Schumann, J Moosbrugger, P Rozier, KY AF Schumann, Johann Moosbrugger, Patrick Rozier, Kristin Y. BE Falcone, Y Sanchez, C TI Runtime Analysis with R2U2: A Tool Exhibition Report SO RUNTIME VERIFICATION, (RV 2016) SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Conference on Runtime Verification (RV) CY SEP 23-30, 2016 CL Madrid, SPAIN SP Spanish Council Sci Res, Residencia Estudiantes AB We present R2U2 (Realizable, Responsive, Unobtrusive Unit), a hardware-supported tool and framework for the continuous monitoring of safety-critical and embedded cyber-physical systems. With the widespread advent of autonomous systems such as Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), satellites, rovers, and cars, real-time, on-board decision making requires unobtrusive monitoring of properties for safety, performance, security, and system health. R2U2 models combine past-time and future-time Metric Temporal Logic, "mission time" Linear Temporal Logic, probabilistic reasoning with Bayesian Networks, and model-based prognostics. The R2U2 monitoring engine can be instantiated as a hardware solution, running on an FPGA, or as a software component. The FPGA realization enables R2U2 to monitor complex cyber-physical systems without any overhead or instrumentation of the flight software. In this tool exhibition report, we present R2U2 and demonstrate applications on system runtime monitoring, diagnostics, software health management, and security monitoring for a UAS. Our tool demonstration uses a hardware based processor-in-the-loop "iron-bird" configuration. C1 [Schumann, Johann] SGT Inc, NASA Ames, Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. [Moosbrugger, Patrick] Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, Austria. [Rozier, Kristin Y.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. RP Schumann, J (reprint author), SGT Inc, NASA Ames, Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. EM Johann.M.Schumann@nasa.gov; moosbrugger@cps.tuwien.ac.at; kyrozier@iastate.edu NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-46982-9; 978-3-319-46981-2 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2016 VL 10012 BP 504 EP 509 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-46982-9_35 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG4JW UT WOS:000388925200035 ER PT S AU Jones, CE Espeseth, MM Holt, B Brekke, C Skrunes, S AF Jones, Cathleen E. Espeseth, Martine M. Holt, Benjamin Brekke, Camilla Skrunes, Stine BE Notarnicola, C Paloscia, S Pierdicca, N Mitchard, E TI Characterization and discrimination of evolving mineral and plant oil slicks based on L-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) SO SAR IMAGE ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TECHNIQUES XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on SAR Image Analysis, Modeling, and Techniques XVI CY SEP 28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE oil slick; damping ratio; weathering; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); PolSAR; UAVSAR; NORSE2015 ID SURFACE-FILMS; BACKSCATTER; SIGNATURES; SPILL; SEA AB Evolution of the damping ratio for Bragg wavenumbers in the range 32-43 rad/m is evaluated for oil slicks of different composition released in the open ocean and allowed to develop naturally. The study uses quad-polarimetric L-band airborne synthetic aperture radar data acquired over three mineral oil emulsion releases of different, known oil-to-water ratio, and a near-coincident release of 2-ethylhexyl oleate that served as a biogenic look-alike. The experiment occurred during the 2015 Norwegian oil-on-water exercise in the North Sea during a period of relatively high winds (similar to 12 m/s). NASA's Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) was used to repeatedly image the slicks over a period of eight hours, capturing the slicks' early development and providing a time series from which to track the evolution of the slicks' size, position, and radiometric characteristics. Particular emphasis is given in this analysis to identification of zones of higher damping ratio within the slicks (zoning) as potential indicators of thicker oil, and to comparison of the evolution of emulsion and plant oil damping ratios. It was found that all mineral oil slicks initially exhibited zoning apparent in VV, HH, and HV intensities, and that the areas of higher damping ratio persisted the longest for the highest oil content emulsion (80% oil by volume). In contrast, zoning was not unambiguously evident for plant oil at any time from 44 minutes to 8.5 hours after release. C1 [Jones, Cathleen E.; Holt, Benjamin] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Espeseth, Martine M.; Brekke, Camilla; Skrunes, Stine] Arctic Univ Norway, UiT, Tromso, Norway. RP Jones, CE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Cathleen.e.jones@jpl.nasa.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0411-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10003 AR UNSP 100030K DI 10.1117/12.2241266 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG7MJ UT WOS:000391442000012 ER PT S AU Milillo, P Minchew, B Agram, P Riel, B Simons, M AF Milillo, Pietro Minchew, Brent Agram, Piyush Riel, Bryan Simons, Mark BE Notarnicola, C Paloscia, S Pierdicca, N Mitchard, E TI 3D velocity field time series using synthetic aperture radar: application to tidal-timescale ice-flow variability in Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica SO SAR IMAGE ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TECHNIQUES XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on SAR Image Analysis, Modeling, and Techniques XVI CY SEP 28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE 3D analysis; ocean tides; pixel offsets; Rutford Ice Stream; SAR; time-series analysis ID SURFACE DEFORMATION; SAR INTERFEROMETRY; DESCENDING PASSES; LANDSLIDE; INSAR; SHEET; EXPLOITATION; ICELAND; GLACIER; SHELF AB We present a general method for retrieving time-series of three component surface velocity field vector given a set of continuous synthetic aperture radar (SAR) acquisitions collected from multiple geometries. Our algorithm extends the single-line-of-sight mathematical framework developed for time-series analysis using interferometric SAR (InSAR) to three spatial dimensions. The inversion is driven by a design matrix corresponding to a dictionary of displacement functions parameterized in time. The resulting model minimizes a cost function using a non-regularized least-squares method. We applied our method to Rutford ice stream (RIS), West Antarctica, using a set of 101 multi-track multi-angle COSMO-SkyMed displacement maps generating azimuth and range pixel offsets. C1 [Milillo, Pietro; Agram, Piyush] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Milillo, Pietro] Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, Potenza, Italy. [Minchew, Brent] British Antarctic Survey, High Cross Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. [Riel, Bryan; Simons, Mark] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Milillo, P (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.; Milillo, P (reprint author), Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, Potenza, Italy. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0411-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10003 AR UNSP 1000309 DI 10.1117/12.2241617 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG7MJ UT WOS:000391442000007 ER PT S AU Milillo, P Tapete, D Cigna, F Perissin, D Salzer, J Lundgren, P Fielding, E Burgmann, R Biondi, F Milillo, G Serio, C AF Milillo, Pietro Tapete, Deodato Cigna, Francesca Perissin, Daniele Salzer, Jacqueline Lundgren, Paul Fielding, Eric Burgmann, Roland Biondi, Filippo Milillo, Giovanni Serio, Carmine BE Notarnicola, C Paloscia, S Pierdicca, N Mitchard, E TI Structural health monitoring of engineered structures using a space-borne synthetic aperture radar multi-temporal approach: from cultural heritage sites to war zones SO SAR IMAGE ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TECHNIQUES XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on SAR Image Analysis, Modeling, and Techniques XVI CY SEP 28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Structural health monitoring; SAR; time-series analysis; dam; archeology; COSMO-SkyMed; TerraSAR-X ID PERMANENT SCATTERERS; SAR INTERFEROMETRY; TIME-SERIES; INSTABILITY; ARCHAEOLOGY; LANDSLIDE; MODEL AB Structural health monitoring (SHM) of engineered structures consists of an automated or semi-automated survey system that seeks to assess the structural condition of an anthropogenic structure. The aim of an SHM system is to provide insights into possible induced damage or any inherent signals of deformation affecting the structure in terms of detection, localization, assessment, and prediction. During the last decade there has been a growing interest in using several remote sensing techniques, such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR), for SHM. Constellations of SAR satellites with short repeat time acquisitions permit detailed surveys temporal resolution and millimetric sensitivity to deformation that are at the scales relevant to monitoring large structures. The all-weather multi-temporal characteristics of SAR make its products suitable for SHM systems, especially in areas where in situ measurements are not feasible or not costeffective. To illustrate this capability, we present results from COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) and TerraSAR-X SAR observations applied to the remote sensing of engineered structures. We show how by using multiple-geometry SAR-based products which exploit both phase and amplitude of the SAR signal we can address the main objectives of an SHM system including detection and localization. We highlight that, when external data such as rain or temperature records are available or simple elastic models can be assumed, the SAR-based SHM capability can also provide an interpretation in terms of assessment and prediction. We highlight examples of the potential for such imaging capabilities to enable advances in SHM from space, focusing on dams and cultural heritage areas. C1 [Milillo, Pietro; Lundgren, Paul; Fielding, Eric] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Tapete, Deodato; Cigna, Francesca] British Geol Survey, Nat Environm Res Council NERC, Keyworth NG12 5GG, Notts, England. [Perissin, Daniele] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, 550 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Salzer, Jacqueline] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Phys Earthquakes & Volcanoes, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Burgmann, Roland] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 389 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Biondi, Filippo] Italian Minist Def, Rome, Italy. [Milillo, Giovanni] Italian Space Agcy, I-75100 Matera, MT, Italy. [Serio, Carmine] Univ Basilicata, Sch Engn, Viale Ateno Lucano, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. RP Milillo, P (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0411-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10003 AR UNSP 100030N DI 10.1117/12.2241620 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG7MJ UT WOS:000391442000015 ER PT S AU Chang, TJ Wu, AS Geng, X Li, YH Brinkmann, J Keller, G Xiong, XX AF Chang, Tiejun Wu, Aisheng Geng, Xu Li, Yonghong Brinkmann, Jake Keller, Graziela Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack) BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI Model development for MODIS thermal band electronic crosstalk SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE MODIS; VIIRS; Radiometric calibration; Cross-talk ID TERRA MODIS; PERFORMANCE AB MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has 36 bands. Among them, 16 thermal emissive bands covering a wavelength range from 3.8 to 14.4 mu m. After 16 years on-orbit operation, the electronic crosstalk of a few Terra MODIS thermal emissive bands developed substantial issues that cause biases in the EV brightness temperature measurements and surface feature contamination. The crosstalk effects on band 27 with center wavelength at 6.7 mu m and band 29 at 8.5 mu m increased significantly in recent years, affecting downstream products such as water vapor and cloud mask. The crosstalk effect is evident in the near-monthly scheduled lunar measurements, from which the crosstalk coefficients can be derived. The development of an alternative approach is very helpful for independent verification. In this work, a physical model was developed to assess the crosstalk impact on calibration as well as in Earth view brightness temperature retrieval. This model was applied to Terra MODIS band 29 empirically to correct the Earth brightness temperature measurements. In the model development, the detector's nonlinear response is considered. The impact of the electronic crosstalk is assessed in two steps. The first step consists of determining the impact on calibration using the on-board blackbody (BB). Due to the detector's nonlinear response and large background signal, both linear and nonlinear coefficients are affected by the crosstalk from sending bands. The second step is to calculate the effects on the Earth view brightness temperature retrieval. The effects include those from affected calibration coefficients and the contamination of Earth view measurements. This model links the measurement bias with crosstalk coefficients, detector nonlinearity, and the ratio of Earth measurements between the sending and receiving bands. The correction of the electronic crosstalk can be implemented empirically from the processed bias at different brightness temperature. The implementation can be done through two approaches. As routine calibration assessment for thermal infrared bands, the trending over select Earth scenes is processed for all the detectors in a band and the band averaged bias is derived at a certain time. In this case, the correction of an affected band can be made using the regression of the model with band averaged bias and then corrections of detector differences are applied. The second approach requires the trending for individual detectors and the bias for each detector is used for regression with the model. A test using the first approach was made for Terra MODIS band 29 with the biases derived from long-term trending of brightness temperature over ocean and Dome-C. C1 [Chang, Tiejun; Wu, Aisheng; Geng, Xu; Li, Yonghong; Brinkmann, Jake; Keller, Graziela] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack)] NASA, Sci & Explorat Directorate, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Chang, TJ (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 100001Q DI 10.1117/12.2240515 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900040 ER PT S AU Chang, TJ Xiong, XX Angal, A Wu, AS AF Chang, Tiejun Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack) Angal, Amit Wu, Aisheng BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI BRDF characterization and calibration inter-comparison between Terra MODIS, Aqua MODIS, and S-NPP VIIRS SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Inter-comparison; MODIS; VIIRS; Radiometric calibration; BRDF ID CROSS-CALIBRATION; PERFORMANCE; SENSORS; SATELLITES; ONBOARD AB The inter-comparison of reflective solar bands (RSB) between Terra MODIS, Aqua MODIS, and SNPP VIIRS is very important for assessment of each instrument's calibration and to identify calibration improvements. One of the limitations of using their ground observations for the assessment is a lack of the simultaneous nadir overpasses (SNOs) over selected pseudo-invariant targets. In addition, their measurements over a selected Earth view target have significant difference in solar and view angles, and these differences magnify the effects of Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF). In this work, an inter-comparison technique using a semi-empirical BRDF model is developed for reflectance correction. BRDF characterization requires a broad coverage of solar and view angles in the measurements over selected pseudo-invariant targets. Reflectance measurements over Libya 1, 2, and 4 desert sites from both the Aqua and Terra MODIS are regressed to a BRDF model with an adjustable coefficient accounting for the calibration difference between the two instruments. The BRDF coefficients for three desert sites for MODIS bands 1 to 9 are derived and the wavelength dependencies are presented. The analysis and inter-comparison are for MODIS bands 1 to 9 and VIIRS moderate resolution radiometric bands (M bands) M1, M2, M4, M5, M7, M8, M10 and imaging bands (I bands) I1-I3. Results show that the ratios from different sites are in good agreement. The ratios between Terra and Aqua MODIS from year 2003 to 2014 are presented. The inter-comparison between MODIS and VIIRS are analyzed for year 2014. C1 [Chang, Tiejun; Angal, Amit; Wu, Aisheng] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Xiong, Xiaoxiong (Jack)] NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Chang, TJ (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 100000Z DI 10.1117/12.2239888 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900021 ER PT S AU Chen, H Xiong, X Angal, A Wang, Z Wu, A AF Chen, H. Xiong, X. Angal, A. Wang, Z. Wu, A. BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI MODIS Solar Diffuser On-orbit Degradation Characterization Using Improved SDSM Screen Modeling SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE MODIS; solar diffuser; solar diffuser stability monitor; calibration; radiometer ID CALIBRATION; PERFORMANCE AB The Solar Diffuser (SD) is used for the MODIS reflective solar bands (RSB) calibration. An on-board Solar Diffuser Stability Monitor (SDSM) tracks the degradation of its on-orbit bi-directional reflectance factor (BRF). To best match the SDSM detector signals from its Sun view and SD view, a fixed attenuation screen is placed in its Sun view path, where the responses show ripples up to 10%, much larger than design expectation. Algorithms have been developed since the mission beginning to mitigate the impacts of these ripples. In recent years, a look-up-table (LUT) based approach has been implemented to account for these ripples. The LUT modeling of the elevation and azimuth angles is constructed from the detector 9 (D9) of SDSM observations in the MODIS early mission. The response of other detectors is normalized to D9 to reduce the ripples observed in the sun-view data. The accuracy of all detectors degradation estimation depends on how well the D9 approximated. After multiple years of operation (Terra: 16 years; Aqua: 14 years), degradation behavior of all detectors can be monitored by their own. This paper revisits the LUT modeling and proposes a dynamic scheme to build a LUT independently for each detector. Further refinement in the Sun view screen characterization will be highlighted to ensure the degradation estimation accuracy. Results of both Terra and Aqua SD on-orbit degradation are derived from the improved modeling and curve fitting strategy. C1 [Chen, H.; Angal, A.; Wang, Z.; Wu, A.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Xiong, X.] NASA GSFC, Sci Syst & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 100000X DI 10.1117/12.2239950 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900019 ER PT S AU Maschhoff, KR Polizotti, JJ Aumann, HH Susskind, J AF Maschhoff, K. R. Polizotti, J. J. Aumann, H. H. Susskind, J. BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI MISTiC WINDS, A MICRO-SATELLITE CONSTELLATION APPROACH TO HIGH RESOLUTION OBSERVATIONS OF THE ATMOSPHERE USING INFRARED SOUNDING AND 3D WINDS MEASUREMENTS SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Atmospheric Motion-Vector Winds; Vertical Wind Profile; Infrared Temperature and Moisture Sounding ID AIRS AB MISTiC (TM) Winds is an approach to improve short-term weather forecasting based on a miniature high resolution, wide field, thermal emission spectrometry instrument that will provide global tropospheric vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature and humidity at high (3-4 km) horizontal and vertical (1 km) spatial resolution. MISTiC's extraordinarily small size, payload mass of less than 15 kg, and minimal cooling requirements can be accommodated aboard a 27U-class CubeSat or an ESPA-Class micro-satellite. Low fabrication and launch costs enable a LEO sunsynchronous sounding constellation that would collectively provide frequent IR vertical profiles and vertically resolved atmospheric motion vector wind observations in the troposphere. These observations are highly complementary to present and emerging environmental observing systems, and would provide a combination of high vertical and horizontal resolution not provided by any other environmental observing system currently in operation. The spectral measurements that would be provided by MISTiC Winds are similar to those of NASA's AIRS that was built by BAE Systems and operates aboard the AQUA satellite. These new observations, when assimilated into high resolution numerical weather models, would revolutionize short-term and severe weather forecasting, save lives, and support key economic decisions in the energy, air transport, and agriculture arenas-at much lower cost than providing these observations from geostationary orbit. In addition, this observation capability would be a critical tool for the study of transport processes for water vapor, clouds, pollution, and aerosols. Key remaining technical risks are being reduced through laboratory and airborne testing under NASA's Instrument Incubator Program. C1 [Maschhoff, K. R.; Polizotti, J. J.] BAE Syst, POB 868, Nashua, NH 03061 USA. [Aumann, H. H.] JPL, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Susskind, J.] NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Maschhoff, KR (reprint author), BAE Syst, POB 868, Nashua, NH 03061 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 100000L DI 10.1117/12.2241412 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900010 ER PT S AU Morrison, JM Jeffrey, H Gorter, H Anderson, P Clark, C Holmes, A Feldman, GC Pratt, FS AF Morrison, John M. Jeffrey, Hazel Gorter, Hessel Anderson, Pamela Clark, Craig Holmes, Alan Feldman, Gene C. Pratt, Frederick S. BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI SeaHawk: An advanced CubeSat mission for sustained ocean color monitoring SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Ocean Color; CubeSat; SeaHawk; HawkEye; SOCON; Multispectral; Moore's Law; SeaWiFS AB Sustained ocean color monitoring is vital to understanding the marine ecosystem. It has been identified as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) and is a vital parameter in understanding long-term climate change. Furthermore, observations can be beneficial in observing oil spills, harmful algal blooms and the health of fisheries. Space-based remote sensing, through MERIS, SeaWiFS and MODIS instruments, have provided a means of observing the vast area covered by the ocean which would otherwise be impossible using ships alone. However, the large pixel size makes measurements of lakes, rivers, estuaries and coastal zones difficult. Furthermore, retirement of a number of widely used and relied upon ocean observation instruments, particularly MERIS and SeaWiFS, leaves a significant gap in ocean color observation opportunities This paper presents an overview of the SeaHawk mission, a collaborative effort between Clyde Space Ltd., the University of North Carolina Wilmington, Cloudland Instruments, and Goddard Spaceflight Center, funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The goal of the project is to enhance the ability to observe ocean color in high temporal and spatial resolution through use of a low-cost, next-generation ocean color sensor flown aboard a CubeSat. The final product will be 530 times smaller (0.0034 vs 1.81m(3)) and 115 time less massive (3.4 vs 390.0kg) but with a ground resolution 10 times better whilst maintaining a signal/noise ratio 50% that of SeaWiFs. This paper will describe the objectives of the mission, outline the payload specification and the spacecraft platform to support it. C1 [Morrison, John M.] Univ North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Clark, Craig] Clyde Space Ltd, Skypark 5 45 Finnieston St, Glasgow G3 8JU, Lanark, Scotland. [Holmes, Alan] Cloudland Instruments, 130 Castilian Dr Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Pratt, Frederick S.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Morrison, JM (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. EM morrisonj@uncw.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 100001C DI 10.1117/12.2241058 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900030 ER PT S AU Wang, ZP Xiong, XX Fulbright, JP AF Wang Zhipeng Xiong Xiaoxiong Fulbright, Jon P. BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI Suomi-NPP VIIRS Unscheduled Lunar Observations SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE NPP; VIIRS; Moon; on-orbit calibration; radiometric AB Lunar observations by the Suomi-NPP instrument VIIRS are scheduled on a nearly monthly basis at a phase angle of approximately -51 degrees. The lunar images acquired during scheduled observations have been used for radiometric calibration stability monitoring of the reflective solar bands, band-to-band registration characterization, modulation transfer function derivation and electric crosstalk examination. A satellite roll maneuver is usually necessary for the Moon to be viewed by VIIRS detectors, which results in the loss of approximately 20-minute science data during the period. Without any scheduling, the Moon has also been regularly observed when it intrudes the field of view of the instrument's space view port. Since the launch of Suomi-NPP in late 2011, nearly 200 unscheduled lunar observations have been made with complete lunar images captured by at least two spectral bands. These observations are made at a larger phase angle from -45 to -90 degrees and libration angle range than the scheduled lunar observation. In this paper, the strategies and methodologies of lunar calibration developed for scheduled lunar observations are applied to these unscheduled lunar observations, with necessary adaptation to account for the differences in data format. The result from the unscheduled lunar observations are provided, with the focus of it comparison with the results from scheduled lunar observations as well as solar diffuser (SD) calibration. Overall, the long-term trends of these results agree with each other and the trends from the un-scheduled lunar calibration show more fluctuation. For radiometric calibration, the difference between the lunar calibration and SD calibration strongly depends on phase angles and libration angles. If the VIIRS measurement is accurate, this indicates that the lunar irradiance reference for the radiometric calibration, modeled by the USGS robotic lunar observatory (ROLO), carries systematic error that changes with these photometric factors. An empirical correction is applied to derive the relationship between the error and the phase angle to compensate the impact. The trends after the correction shows much less fluctuation to a level similar to the trends from scheduled calibration. C1 [Wang Zhipeng] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Xiong Xiaoxiong] NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fulbright, Jon P.] Arctic Slope Tech Serv Inc, 7000 Muirkirk Meadows Dr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, ZP (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 1000012 DI 10.1117/12.2241416 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900024 ER PT S AU Wang, ZP Xiong, XX Li, YH AF Wang, Zhipeng Xiong, Xiaoxiong Li, Yonghong BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI Update of S-NPP VIIRS Thermal Emissive Bands Radiometric Calibration Stability Monitoring Using the Moon SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE VIIRS; Moon; thermal emissive bands (TEB); radiometric calibration AB The Suomi-NPP VIIRS thermal emissive bands (TEB) are radiometrically calibrated on-orbit with reference to an onboard blackbody (BB) regularly operated at approximately 292.5 K. The calibration stability at other temperature ranges can be evaluated based on the observations of remote targets with stable thermal properties, such as the Moon. VIIRS has scheduled viewings of the Moon on a nearly monthly basis at a phase angle of nearly -51 degrees. In this study, the brightness temperatures (BT) of the lunar surface retrieved using the detector gain coefficients calibrated with the BB are trended to monitor the calibration stability of VIIRS TEB. Since the Lunar surface temperatures are spatially non-uniform and vary greatly with the photometric geometry, the BT trending must be based on the same regions of the Moon under the same solar illumination condition. Also, the TEB lunar images are always partially saturated because the highest lunar surface temperatures are beyond the dynamic range of all VIIRS TEB detectors. Therefore, a temporally invariant dynamic mask is designed to clip a fraction of the lunar images corresponding to the regions of the Moon that may saturate the detector at any lunar event. The BT of the remaining hottest pixels are then trended. Results show that, since the launch of VIIRS to mid-2016, the radiometric calibration of all TEB detectors has been stable within +/- 0.4 K at the BT range of as high as 350 K. C1 [Wang, Zhipeng; Li, Yonghong] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Xiong, Xiaoxiong] NASA, GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Wang, ZP (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 1000013 DI 10.1117/12.2241446 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900025 ER PT S AU Wilson, T Xiong, XX AF Wilson, Truman Xiong, Xiaoxiong BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI Scheduling observations of celestial objects for Earth observing sensor calibration SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE MODIS; Moon; calibration; VIIRS; stars; scheduling; on-orbit gain changes ID PHOTOMETRIC FUNCTION; LUNAR AB Radiometric calibration of Earth-observing satellite sensors is critical for tracking on-orbit gain changes throughout the satellite's mission. The Moon, being a stable, well-characterized radiometric target, has been used effectively for tracking the relative gain changes of the reflective solar bands for the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board EOS AM-1 (Terra) and PM-1 (Aqua). The Moon is viewed through the MODIS space-view port, and the relative phase of the Moon is restricted to within 0.5 degrees of a chosen target phase to increase the accuracy of the calibration. These geometric restrictions require spacecraft maneuvers in order to bring space-view port into proper alignment with the position of the Moon when the phase requirement is met. In this paper, we describe a versatile tool for scheduling such maneuvers based on the required geometry and lunar phase restrictions for a general spacecraft bound instrument. The results of the scheduling tool have been verified using lunar images from Aqua and Terra MODIS after a scheduled roll maneuver was performed. This tool has also been tested for the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder on-board the Suomi-NPP spacecraft. As an extension of this work, we have also developed a tool for scheduling views of bright stars. These stars provide another well-characterized radiometric source that can be used for sensor calibration. This tool has been implemented to determine the times in which a chosen star can be viewed by the high gain stages of the day/night band for the VIIRS instrument. C1 [Wilson, Truman] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Xiong, Xiaoxiong] NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Wilson, T (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM truman.wilson@ssaihq.com NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 1000011 DI 10.1117/12.2240648 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900023 ER PT S AU Xiong, X Angal, A Wu, A Link, D Geng, X Barnes, W Salomonson, V AF Xiong, X. Angal, A. Wu, A. Link, D. Geng, X. Barnes, W. Salomonson, V. BE Meynart, R Neeck, SP Kimura, T Shimoda, H TI Sixteen Years of Terra MODIS On-orbit Operation, Calibration, and Performance SO SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND NEXT-GENERATION SATELLITES XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Terra; MODIS; Calibration; Solar Diffuser; Blackbody; Stability Monitor; Moon; SRCA ID REFLECTIVE SOLAR BANDS; THERMAL EMISSIVE BANDS AB Terra MODIS has successfully operated for more than 16 years since its launch in December 1999. From its observations, many science data products have been generated in support of a broad range of research activities and remote sensing applications. Terra MODIS has operated in a number of configurations and experienced a few anomalies, including spacecraft and instrument related events. MODIS collects data in 36 spectral bands that are calibrated regularly by a set of on-board calibrators for their radiometric, spectral, and spatial performance. Periodic lunar observations and long-term radiometric trending over well-characterized ground targets are also used to support sensor on-orbit calibration. Dedicated efforts made by the MODIS Characterization Support Team (MCST) and continuing support from the MODIS Science Team have contributed to the mission success, enabling well-calibrated data products to be continuously generated and routinely delivered to users worldwide. This paper presents an overview of Terra MODIS mission operations, calibration activities, and instrument performance of the past 16 years. It illustrates and describes the results of key sensor performance parameters derived from on-orbit calibration and characterization, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), noise equivalent temperature difference (NEdT), solar diffuser (SD) degradation, changes in sensor responses, center wavelengths, and band-to-band registration (BBR). Also discussed in this paper are the calibration approaches and strategies developed and implemented in support of MODIS Level 1B data production and re-processing, major challenging issues, and lessons learned. C1 [Xiong, X.] NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Angal, A.; Wu, A.; Link, D.; Geng, X.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Barnes, W.] Univ Maryland, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Salomonson, V.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Xiong, X (reprint author), NASA GSFC, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0404-9; 978-1-5106-0405-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 10000 AR UNSP 100000V DI 10.1117/12.2241352 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG7MZ UT WOS:000391489900018 ER PT S AU Cooper, KB Baldi, C Chattopadhyay, G Choukroun, M Cochrane, C Dengler, R Durden, S El Bouayadi, TO Gonzalez, D Monje, R Skalare, A Tang, A Tanelli, S Gandini, E Llombart, N AF Cooper, K. B. Baldi, C. Chattopadhyay, G. Choukroun, M. Cochrane, C. Dengler, R. Durden, S. El Bouayadi, T. O. Gonzalez, D. Monje, R. Skalare, A. Tang, A. Tanelli, S. Gandini, E. Llombart, N. GP IEEE TI A Combination Millimeter-Wave Doppler Radar and THz Spectrometer for Planetary Science SO 2016 46TH EUROPEAN MICROWAVE CONFERENCE (EUMC) SE European Microwave Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th European Microwave Conference (EuMC) CY OCT 04-06, 2016 CL London, ENGLAND SP APS DE millimeter-wave radar; FMCW; submillimeter-wave spectroscopy AB A combination 95 GHz radar and 270/560 GHz spectrometer is being built as a space instrument prototype for probing plumes and jet phenomena in the solar system. Dubbed GAISR (Gas And Ice Spectrometer/Radar), the instrument's radar will make simultaneous range/Doppler measurements of 0.1-10 mm sized ice and dust particles out to a few km in range, while its tunable spectrometer will detect the abundance and velocities of gaseous water and other volatiles. Here we describe how the radar and spectrometer share a back-end architecture, and present some innovative elements of GAISR's frequency modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar, including high isolation and low-loss transmit/receive duplexing and a phase noise-canceling RF architecture. C1 [Cooper, K. B.; Baldi, C.; Chattopadhyay, G.; Choukroun, M.; Cochrane, C.; Dengler, R.; Durden, S.; El Bouayadi, T. O.; Gonzalez, D.; Monje, R.; Skalare, A.; Tang, A.; Tanelli, S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Gandini, E.; Llombart, N.] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands. RP Cooper, KB (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2325-0305 BN 978-2-87487-043-9 J9 EUR MICROW CONF PY 2016 BP 1537 EP 1540 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG9QA UT WOS:000393581100379 ER PT J AU Lindvall, M Ganesan, D Bjorgvinsson, S Jonsson, K Logason, HS Dietrich, F Wiegand, RE AF Lindvall, Mikael Ganesan, Dharmalingam Bjorgvinsson, Sigurthor Jonsson, Kristjan Logason, Haukur Steinn Dietrich, Frederik Wiegand, Robert E. GP IEEE TI Agile Metamorphic Model-based Testing SO 2016 IEEE/ACM 1ST INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON METAMORPHIC TESTING (MET) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Metamorphic Testing (MET) CY MAY 16, 2016 CL Austin, TX SP Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE, IEEE Tech Council Software Engn, Special Interest Grp Software Engn DE Model-based testing; agile development; metamorphic testing ID SOFTWARE AB Testing becomes difficult when we cannot easily determine whether the system delivers the correct result or not. To address this issue, we have developed a framework for automated testing of NASA's DAT system using metamorphic testing principles combined with model based testing. Based on the results from using the framework to test DAT we have determined that this is a cost beneficial solution allowing for comprehensive testing that detects defects without having to develop complex testing infrastructure to determine the oracle. In our approach, DAT queries are automatically generated from a set of metamorphic testing models where each model encodes one or more of the identified equivalences. In addition, we use a scheme for generating time stamps that we use to automatically create time pairs that add another equivalence dimension. C1 [Lindvall, Mikael; Ganesan, Dharmalingam; Dietrich, Frederik] Fraunhofer USA, 5825 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Bjorgvinsson, Sigurthor; Jonsson, Kristjan; Logason, Haukur Steinn] Reykjavik Univ, Menntavegur 1, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Wiegand, Robert E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Lindvall, M (reprint author), Fraunhofer USA, 5825 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM mikli@fc-md.umd.edu; dganesan@fc-md.umd.edu; sigurthor12@ru.is; kristjanj11@gmail.com; haukurstlo@gmail.com; fdietrich@fc-md.umd.edu; robert.e.wiegand@nasa.gov FU NASA's Office of Safety and Mission Assurance (OSMA) Software Assurance Research Program (SARP) FX This work is supported by NASA's Office of Safety and Mission Assurance (OSMA) Software Assurance Research Program (SARP). We especially thank LaMont Ruley, Eve R. Rothenberg, Steven Hard, Kenneth D. Rehm, Ricky Forquer, Markland Benson and Martha Wetherholt for their continuous support. Ragnar Ardal developed the testing infrastructure based on trundle and Christoph Schulze provided support. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4503-4163-9 PY 2016 BP 26 EP 32 DI 10.1145/2896971.2896979 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BG9GO UT WOS:000393169000005 ER PT J AU Le Vine, DM Johnson, JT Piepmeier, J AF Le Vine, D. M. Johnson, J. T. Piepmeier, J. GP IEEE TI RFI AND REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE SO 2016 RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Socorro, NM SP NRAO, CSIRO, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, ASTRON, EURASIP, U R S I, IUCAF DE Radio Frequency Interference; Remote Sensing; Passive Microwave; Radiometer ID RADIOFREQUENCY INTERFERENCE AB Passive microwave remote sensing of the Earth from space provides information essential for understanding the Earth's environment and its evolution. Parameters such as soil moisture, sea surface temperature and salinity, and profiles of atmospheric temperature and humidity are measured at frequencies determined by the physics (e.g. sensitivity to changes in desired parameters) and by the availability of suitable spectrum free from interference. Interference from manmade sources (radio frequency interference) is an impediment that in many cases limits the potential for accurate measurements from space. A review is presented here of the frequencies employed in passive microwave remote sensing of the Earth from space and the associated experience with RFI. C1 [Le Vine, D. M.; Piepmeier, J.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Johnson, J. T.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Le Vine, DM (reprint author), Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-6201-0 PY 2016 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG9QF UT WOS:000393595200010 ER PT J AU Schoenwald, AJ Gholian, A Bradley, DC Wong, M Mohammed, PN Piepmeier, JR AF Schoenwald, Adam J. Gholian, Armen Bradley, Damon C. Wong, Mark Mohammed, Priscilla N. Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. GP IEEE TI RFI DETECTION AND MITIGATION USING INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS AS A PRE-PROCESSOR SO 2016 RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Socorro, NM SP NRAO, CSIRO, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, ASTRON, EURASIP, U R S I, IUCAF DE Interference; Circularity; Complex Random Process; Radiometer; Digital Receiver; Kurtosis; Complex Kurtosis; Independent Component Analysis ID ALGORITHM AB Radio-frequency interference (RFI) has negatively impacted scientific measurements of passive remote sensing satellites. This has been observed in the L-band radiometers Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) for the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, Aquarius and more recently, Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP). RFI has also been observed at higher frequencies such as K band. Improvements in technology have allowed wider bandwidth digital back ends for passive microwave radiometry. A radio frequency interference detector based on complex signal kurtosis was developed to help identify corrupted measurements. This work explores the use of Independent Component Analysis (ICA) as a blind source separation (BSS) technique to pre-process radiometric signals for use with the previously developed real and complex signal kurtosis detectors. C1 [Schoenwald, Adam J.; Gholian, Armen; Bradley, Damon C.; Wong, Mark; Mohammed, Priscilla N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Schoenwald, Adam J.] ASRC Fed Space & Def, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Schoenwald, Adam J.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mohammed, Priscilla N.] Morgan State Univ, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Schoenwald, AJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Schoenwald, AJ (reprint author), ASRC Fed Space & Def, Greenbelt, MD USA. FU NASA Earth Science Technology Office [NNH13ZDA001N ACT] FX Thanks to NASA Earth Science Technology Office NNH13ZDA001N ACT Funding NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-6201-0 PY 2016 BP 100 EP 104 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG9QF UT WOS:000393595200020 ER PT J AU Soldo, Y de Matthaeis, P Le Vine, DM AF Soldo, Yan de Matthaeis, Paolo Le Vine, David M. GP IEEE TI L-BAND RFI IN JAPAN SO 2016 RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Socorro, NM SP NRAO, CSIRO, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, ASTRON, EURASIP, U R S I, IUCAF DE RFI; Aquarius; SMAP; SMOS ID SOIL-MOISTURE; MITIGATION; SMOS; SALINITY; AQUARIUS; MISSION; SPACE AB In recent years, three instruments have been launched into orbit with the aim of producing global maps of sea surface salinity and soil moisture using the 1400-1427 MHz band: SMOS, Aquarius and SMAP. Although this frequency band is allocated to passive measurements only, RFI (Radio-Frequency Interference) is present in the data of all three missions. On a global scale, the three sensors have observed approximately the same distribution of RFI. Japan is an important exception that has implications for the design of RFI detection algorithms. RFI in Japan is caused by a large number of emitters belonging to the same system (TV receivers) and for this reason some traditional RFI detection strategies detect little to no RFI over Japan. The study of this case has led to an improvement of the approach to detect RFI in Aquarius data. C1 [Soldo, Yan; de Matthaeis, Paolo; Le Vine, David M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Soldo, Yan; de Matthaeis, Paolo; Le Vine, David M.] GESTAR, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Soldo, Y (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Soldo, Y (reprint author), GESTAR, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-6201-0 PY 2016 BP 111 EP 114 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG9QF UT WOS:000393595200022 ER PT J AU Soliman, A Weinreb, S Rajagopalan, G Eckert, C Hilliard, L AF Soliman, Ahmed Weinreb, Sander Rajagopalan, Ganesh Eckert, Chris Hilliard, Lawrence GP IEEE TI Quadruple-Ridged Flared Horn Feed with Internal RFI Band Rejection Filter SO 2016 RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) CY OCT 17-20, 2016 CL Socorro, NM SP NRAO, CSIRO, IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, ASTRON, EURASIP, U R S I, IUCAF DE notch filter; QRFH; VLBI AB This paper presents a new technique to reject the radio frequency interference (RFI) from the nearby radar at 9.4 GHz, which causes about 20% blockage of the sky coverage in the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) telescope at the Goddard Geophysical Astronomical Observatory (GGAO), in Greenbelt, MD. An internal notch filter is proposed by inserting and optimizing two-quarter wavelength slots within the wide band Quad-Ridge Flared Horn (QRFH) feed to achieve RFI band rejection at 9.4 GHz. The simulated result shows about 95 % rejection at 9.4 GHz. The estimated attenuation due to the band rejection slots is of the order of .01 dB at frequencies distant from the rejection frequency. This technique will open the door for designing wideband feeds with RFI band rejection characteristics for different RFI sources. C1 [Soliman, Ahmed; Weinreb, Sander] CALTECH, Dept Elect Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Rajagopalan, Ganesh; Eckert, Chris] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Hilliard, Lawrence] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Soliman, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Elect Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM asoliman@caltech.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-6201-0 PY 2016 BP 115 EP 116 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG9QF UT WOS:000393595200023 ER PT J AU Martinez, G de la Torre-Juarez, M Vicente-Retortillo, A Kemppinen, O Renno, N Lemmon, M AF Martinez, German de la Torre-Juarez, Manuel Vicente-Retortillo, Alvaro Kemppinen, Osku Renno, Nilton Lemmon, Mark TI Analysis of the environmental conditions at Gale Crater from MSL/REMS measurements SO FISICA DE LA TIERRA LA English DT Article DE Mars; Atmosphere; Gale Crater; Climate; MSL; REMS ID GROUND TEMPERATURE SENSOR; OPTICAL DEPTH; MARS; ROVER; SURFACE; AEROSOL; MISSION; CLOUDS; MODEL; REMS AB The environmental conditions at Gale Crater during the first 1160 sols of the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission are assessed using measurements taken by the Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) on-board the MSL Curiosity rover. REMS is a suite of sensors developed to assess the environmental conditions along the rover traverse. In particular, REMS has been measuring atmospheric pressure, atmospheric and ground temperature, relative humidity, UV radiation flux and wind speed. Here we analyze processed data with the highest confidence possible of atmospheric pressure, atmospheric and ground temperature and relative humidity. In addition, we estimate the daily UV irradiation at the surface of Gale Crater using dust opacity values derived from the Mastcam instrument. REMS is still in operation, but it has already provided the most comprehensive coverage of surface environmental conditions recorded by a spacecraft landed on Mars. C1 [Martinez, German; Renno, Nilton] Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [de la Torre-Juarez, Manuel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Vicente-Retortillo, Alvaro] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Tierra Astron & Astrofis 2, Madrid, Spain. [Kemppinen, Osku] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Earth Observat, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, Helsinki, Finland. [Lemmon, Mark] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Martinez, G (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM gemartin@umich.edu; mtj@jpl.nasa.gov; alvarodv@ucm.es; Osku.Kemppinen@fmi.fi; lemmon@tamu.edu FU JPL [1449038] FX This research is supported by JPL grant number 1449038. We would like to thank Erik Fischer for his contribution to improve this article. We also thank the REMS Team for their support of this investigation. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID, SERVICIO PUBLICACIONES PI MADRID PA CIUDAD UNIV, OBISPO TREJO 3, MADRID, 28040, SPAIN SN 0214-4557 EI 1988-2440 J9 FIS TIERRA JI Fis Tierra PY 2016 VL 28 BP 163 EP 179 DI 10.5209/rev_FITE.2016.v28.53902 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA EJ7TV UT WOS:000393426400010 ER PT S AU Houborg, R McCabe, MF Angel, Y Middleton, EM AF Houborg, Rasmus McCabe, Matthew F. Angel, Yoseline Middleton, Elizabeth M. BE Neale, CMU Maltese, A TI Detection of chlorophyll and leaf area index dynamics from sub-weekly hyperspectral imagery SO REMOTE SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE, ECOSYSTEMS, AND HYDROLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XVIII CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE LAI; Total canopy chlorophyll; Cubist; Hyperion; Hyperspectral; Dryland; Vegetation indices ID VEGETATION INDEXES; PLANT-LEAVES; RED-EDGE; REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; PIGMENT CONTENT; EOS-MODIS; REMOTE; CROP; PRODUCTIVITY AB Temporally rich hyperspectral time-series can provide unique time critical information on within-field variations in vegetation health and distribution needed by farmers to effectively optimize crop production. In this study, a dense time-series of images were acquired from the Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) Hyperion sensor over an intensive farming area in the center of Saudi Arabia. After correction for atmospheric effects, optimal links between carefully selected explanatory hyperspectral vegetation indices and target vegetation characteristics were established using a machine learning approach. A dataset of in-situ measured leaf chlorophyll (Chl(l)) and leaf area index (LAI), collected during five intensive field campaigns over a variety of crop types, were used to train the rule-based predictive models. The ability of the narrow-band hyperspectral reflectance information to robustly assess and discriminate dynamics in foliar biochemistry and biomass through empirical relationships were investigated. This also involved evaluations of the generalization and reproducibility of the predictions beyond the conditions of the training dataset. The very high temporal resolution of the satellite retrievals constituted a specifically intriguing feature that facilitated detection of total canopy Chl and LAI dynamics down to sub-weekly intervals. The study advocates the benefits associated with the availability of optimum spectral and temporal resolution spaceborne observations for agricultural management purposes. C1 [Houborg, Rasmus; McCabe, Matthew F.; Angel, Yoseline] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol KAUST, Water Desalinat & Reuse Ctr WDRC, Biol & Environm Sci & Engn BESE, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Middleton, Elizabeth M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Houborg, R (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol KAUST, Water Desalinat & Reuse Ctr WDRC, Biol & Environm Sci & Engn BESE, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. EM rasmus.houborg@kaust.edu.sa FU King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) FX Research reported in this publication was supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). We greatly appreciate the logistical, equipment and scientific support offered to our team by Mr Jack King, Mr Alan King and employees of the Tawdeehiya Farm in Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia, without whom this research would not have been possible. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0400-1; 978-1-5106-0401-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9998 AR 999812 DI 10.1117/12.2241345 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Remote Sensing; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Water Resources GA BG9EX UT WOS:000393152800032 ER PT S AU Homolova, L Janoutova, R Malenovsky, Z AF Homolova, L. Janoutova, R. Malenovsky, Z. BE Halounova, L Sunar, F Potuckova, M Patkova, L Yoshimura, M Soergel, U BenDor, E Smit, J Bareth, G Zhang, J Kaasalainen, S Sorgel, U Osmanoglu, B Crespi, M Crosetto, M Blaschke, T Brovelli, MA Zagajewski, B TI EVALUATION OF VARIOUS SPECTRAL INPUTS FOR ESTIMATION OF FOREST BIOCHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES FROM AIRBORNE IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY DATA SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION VII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Airborne imaging spectroscopy; DART; Chlorophyll content; Continuum removal; Leaf area index; Forest; Support vector regression; Radiative transfer modelling ID LEAF CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; NORWAY SPRUCE NEEDLES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; AREA INDEX; CONTINUUM REMOVAL; SPECTROMETRY DATA; RETRIEVAL; MODEL; REFLECTANCE; REGRESSION AB In this study we evaluated various spectral inputs for retrieval of forest chlorophyll content (Cab) and leaf area index (LAI) from high spectral and spatial resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy data collected for two forest study sites in the Czech Republic (beech forest at Stitna nad Vlari and spruce forest at BilV Kriz). The retrieval algorithm was based on a machine learning method - support vector regression (SVR). Performance of the four spectral inputs used to train SVR was evaluated: a) all available hyperspectral bands, b) continuum removal (CR) 645 - 710 nm, c) CR 705 - 780 nm, and d) CR 680 - 800 nm. Spectral inputs and corresponding SVR models were first assessed at the level of spectral databases simulated by combined leaf-canopy radiative transfer models PROSPECT and DART. At this stage, SVR models using all spectral inputs provided good performance (RMSE for Cab < 10 mu g cm(-2) and for LAI < 1.5), with consistently better performance for beech over spruce site. Since application of trained SVRs on airborne hyperspectral images of the spruce site produced unacceptably overestimated values, only the beech site results were analysed. The best performance for the Cab estimation was found for CR bands in range of 645 - 710 nm, whereas CR bands in range of 680 - 800 nm were the most suitable for LAI retrieval. The CR transformation reduced the across-track bidirectional reflectance effect present in airborne images due to large sensor field of view. C1 [Homolova, L.; Janoutova, R.] Global Change Res Inst CAS, Brno 60300, Czech Republic. [Malenovsky, Z.] NASA, Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Homolova, L (reprint author), Global Change Res Inst CAS, Brno 60300, Czech Republic. EM homolova.l@czechglobe.cz; janoutova.r@czechglobe.cz; zbynek.malenovsky@gmail.com FU ESA [A0/1-7600/13/NL/LvH]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within the National Sustainability Program I (NPU I) [LO1415]; programme "Projects of Large Research, Development, and Innovations. [LM2015042, LM2015085] FX This work was supported by the ESA grant "Red Edge Positioning (REP) techniques for Earth observation optical missions" (A0/1-7600/13/NL/LvH) and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within the National Sustainability Program I (NPU I), grant number LO1415. Computational resources required to simulate spectral databases were provided by the CESNET (LM2015042) and the CERIT Scientific Cloud (LM2015085), both supported by the programme "Projects of Large Research, Development, and Innovations. We would like to thank the RedEdge project team, mainly to J.-P. Gastellu-Etchegorry and L. Landier for their support with DART modelling. The CESBIO Laboratory and the University of Paul Sabatier in Toulouse (France) are acknowledged for free license of the DART model, and J.-B. Feret for providing the PROSPECT model code. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B7 BP 961 EP 966 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B7-961-2016 PG 6 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG9GD UT WOS:000393155900149 ER PT B AU Sims, RR Sauser, WI Bias, S AF Sims, Ronald R. Sauser, William I., Jr. Bias, Sheri BE Sims, RR Sauser, WI Bias, S TI AN INTRODUCTION TO TRANSFORMING GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS Fresh Ideas and Examples From the Field SO TRANSFORMING GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS: FRESH IDEAS AND EXAMPLES FROM THE FIELD SE Contemporary Human Resource Management Issues Challenges and Opportunities LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Sims, Ronald R.] Coll William & Mary, Raymond A Mason Sch Business, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. [Sauser, William I., Jr.] Auburn Univ, Harbert Coll Business, Management, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Bias, Sheri] St Leo Univ, Human Resources Adm, St Leo, FL USA. [Bias, Sheri] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Bias, Sheri] Anheuser Busch, St Louis, MO USA. [Bias, Sheri] Philip Morris, Richmond, VA USA. [Bias, Sheri] Pricewaterhouse Coopers, New York, NY USA. RP Sims, RR (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Raymond A Mason Sch Business, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMATION AGE PUBLISHING-IAP PI CHARLOTTE PA PO BOX 79049, CHARLOTTE, NC 28271-7047 USA BN 978-1-68123-455-7; 978-1-68123-456-4 J9 CONT HUM RES MANAG PY 2016 BP 1 EP 30 PG 30 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA BF0UN UT WOS:000379454100001 ER PT J AU Bandyopadhyay, S Chung, SJ Hadaegh, FY AF Bandyopadhyay, Saptarshi Chung, Soon-Jo Hadaegh, Fred Y. GP IEEE TI A Probabilistic Eulerian Approach for Motion Planning of a Large-Scale Swarm of Robots SO 2016 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 09-14, 2016 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, RSJ AB We present a novel method for guiding a large-scale swarm of autonomous agents into a desired formation shape in a distributed and scalable manner. Our Probabilistic Swarm Guidance using Inhomogeneous Markov Chains (PSG IMC) algorithm adopts an Eulerian framework, where the physical space is partitioned into bins and the swarm's density distribution over each bin is controlled. Each agent determines its bin transition probabilities using a time-inhomogeneous Markov chain. These time-varying Markov matrices are constructed by each agent in real-time using the feedback from the current swarm distribution, which is estimated in a distributed manner. The PSG IMC algorithm minimizes the expected cost of the transitions per time instant, required to achieve and maintain the desired formation shape, even when agents are added to or removed from the swarm. The algorithm scales well with a large number of agents and complex formation shapes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed swarm guidance algorithm by using results of numerical simulations and hardware experiments with multiple quadrotors. C1 [Bandyopadhyay, Saptarshi; Hadaegh, Fred Y.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Chung, Soon-Jo] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM saptarshi.bandyopadhyay@jpl.nasa.gov; sjchung@alum.mit.edu; fred.y.hadaegh@jpl.nasa.gov FU AFOSR [FA95501210193]; NSF [IIS 1253758]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This research was supported in part by AFOSR grant FA95501210193 and NSF IIS 1253758. This research was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3762-9 PY 2016 BP 3822 EP 3829 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG7XO UT WOS:000391921703125 ER PT J AU Kim, K Chen, LH Cera, B Daly, M Zhu, E Despois, J Agogino, AK SunSpiral, V Agogino, AM AF Kim, Kyunam Chen, Lee-Huang Cera, Brian Daly, Mallory Zhu, Edward Despois, Julien Agogino, Adrian K. SunSpiral, Vytas Agogino, Alice M. GP IEEE TI Hopping and Rolling Locomotion with Spherical Tensegrity Robots SO 2016 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 09-14, 2016 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, RSJ AB This work presents a 10 kg tensegrity ball probe that can quickly and precisely deliver a 1 kg payload over a 1 km distance on the Moon by combining cable-driven rolling and thruster-based hopping. Previous research has shown that cable-driven rolling is effective for precise positioning, even in rough terrain. However, traveling large distances using thruster-based hopping, which is made feasible by the lightweight and compliant nature of the tensegrity structure, has not been explored. To evaluate the feasibility of a thruster-based tensegrity robot, a centrally-positioned cold gas thruster with nitrogen propellant was selected, and the system was simulated using the NASA Tensegrity Robotics Toolkit (NTRT) for four hopping profiles on hilly terrains. Optimizing energy efficiency and mechanical capabilities of the tensegrity robot, hopping profiles with a long flight distance per hop, followed by the higher accuracy rolling, are recommended. Simulations also show that thrust regulation can improve energy efficiency. Regulation of thrust magnitude can be achieved using a pressure regulator, but regulation of thrust orientation calls for additional control effort. In this paper, it is demonstrated that gimbal systems as well as shape-shifting control of the tensegrity structure have the potential to regulate thrust orientation. Finally, algorithms for localization and path planning that combine hopping and rolling for energy-efficient navigation are presented. C1 [Kim, Kyunam; Chen, Lee-Huang; Cera, Brian; Daly, Mallory; Zhu, Edward; Despois, Julien; Agogino, Alice M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Agogino, Adrian K.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Agogino, Adrian K.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] NASA, Ames Intelligent Robot Grp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Kim, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM knkim@berkeley.edu; leehuanc@berkeley.edu; brianmcera@berkeley.edu; mallorycdaly@berkeley.edu; edward.zhu@berkeley.edu; despois.j@berkeley.edu; adrian.k.agogino@nasa.gov; vytas.sunspiral@nasa.gov; agogino@berkeley.edu FU NASA's Early Stage Innovation grant [NNX15AD74G] FX The authors are grateful for funding support from NASA's Early Stage Innovation grant NNX15AD74G. We also wish to acknowledge the work of the graduate and undergraduate students working on this project: Ellande Tang, Richard House, Kevin Li, Wesley Wang, Azharuddin Khaderi, Alexander Lim, Peadar Keegan, Deaho Moon, ChanWoo Yang, Raymond Ennis, Wesley Wang, Vincent Donato, Yang Zheng, Yingling Li, Borui Xia, Anupama Madiyan, Jeffrey Ware, and Vincent Viola. In addition, we thank Andrew Sabelhaus for his valuable design feedback. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3762-9 PY 2016 BP 4369 EP 4376 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG7XO UT WOS:000391921704059 ER PT J AU Coltin, B Fusco, J Moratto, Z Alexandrov, O Nakamura, R AF Coltin, Brian Fusco, Jesse Moratto, Zack Alexandrov, Oleg Nakamura, Robert GP IEEE TI Localization from Visual Landmarks on a Free-flying Robot SO 2016 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 09-14, 2016 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, RSJ AB We present the localization approach for Astrobee, a new free-flying robot designed to navigate autonomously on the International Space Station (ISS). Astrobee will accommodate a variety of payloads and enable guest scientists to run experiments in zero-g, as well as assist astronauts and ground controllers. Astrobee will replace the SPHERES robots which currently operate on the ISS, whose use of fixed ultrasonic beacons for localization limits them to work in a 2 meter cube. Astrobee localizes with monocular vision and an IMU, without any environmental modifications. Visual features detected on a pre-built map, optical flow information, and IMU readings are all integrated into an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to estimate the robot pose. We introduce several modifications to the filter to make it more robust to noise, and extensively evaluate the localization algorithm. C1 [Coltin, Brian; Moratto, Zack; Alexandrov, Oleg] SGT Inc, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Fusco, Jesse; Nakamura, Robert] NASA, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Fusco, Jesse; Nakamura, Robert] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Coltin, B (reprint author), SGT Inc, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM brian.j.coltin@nasa.gov; jesse.c.fusco@nasa.gov; zachary.m.moratto@nasa.gov; oleg.alexandrov@nasa.gov; robert.h.nakamura@nasa.gov FU Astrobee engineering team; NASA Human Exploration Telerobotics 2 project; NASA Game Changing Development Program (Space Technology Mission Directorate); ISS SPHERES Facility (Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate) FX We would like to thank the Astrobee engineering team and the NASA Human Exploration Telerobotics 2 project for supporting this work. The NASA Game Changing Development Program (Space Technology Mission Directorate) and ISS SPHERES Facility (Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate) provided funding for this work. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3762-9 PY 2016 BP 4377 EP 4382 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG7XO UT WOS:000391921704060 ER PT J AU Jung, HJ Oto, Y Mozos, OM Iwashita, Y Kurazume, R AF Jung, Hojung Oto, Yuki Mozos, Oscar M. Iwashita, Yumi Kurazume, Ryo GP IEEE TI Multi-modal Panoramic 3D Outdoor Datasets for Place Categorization SO 2016 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 09-14, 2016 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, RSJ ID MOBILE ROBOTS; INDOOR PLACES; SCALE; LIDAR AB We present two multi-modal panoramic 3D outdoor (MPO) datasets for semantic place categorization with six categories: forest, coast, residential area, urban area and indoor/outdoor parking lot. The first dataset consists of 650 static panoramic scans of dense (9,000,000 points) 3D color and reflectance point clouds obtained using a FARO laser scanner with synchronized color images. The second dataset consists of 34,200 real-time panoramic scans of sparse (70,000 points) 3D reflectance point clouds obtained using a Velodyne laser scanner while driving a car. The datasets were obtained in the city of Fukuoka, Japan and are publicly available in [1], [2]. In addition, we compare several approaches for semantic place categorization with best results of 96.42% (dense) and 89.67% (sparse). C1 [Jung, Hojung; Oto, Yuki] Kyushu Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci & Elect Engn, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. [Mozos, Oscar M.] Tech Univ Cartagena UPCT, Murcia, Spain. [Iwashita, Yumi] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Kurazume, Ryo] Kyushu Univ, Fac Informat Sci & Elect Engn, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. RP Jung, HJ (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Grad Sch Informat Sci & Elect Engn, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. EM hojung@irvs.ait.kyushu-u.ac.jp; y_oto@irvs.ait.kyushu-u.ac.jp; oscar.mozos@upct.com; Yumi.Iwashita@jpl.nasa.gov; kurazume@ait.kyushu-u.ac.jp FU [26249029] FX The present study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid forScientific Research (A) (26249029). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3762-9 PY 2016 BP 4545 EP 4550 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG7XO UT WOS:000391921704085 ER PT J AU Hustig-Schultz, D SunSpiral, V Teodorescu, M AF Hustig-Schultz, Dawn SunSpiral, Vytas Teodorescu, Mircea GP IEEE TI Morphological Design for Controlled Tensegrity Quadruped Locomotion SO 2016 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 09-14, 2016 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, RSJ ID SPINE AB From the viewpoint of evolution, vertebrates first accomplished locomotion via motion of the spine. Legs evolved later, to enhance mobility, but the spine remains central. Contrary to this, most robots have rigid torsos and rely primarily on movement of the legs for mobility. The force distributing properties of tensegrity structures presents a potential means of developing compliant spines for legged robots, with the goal of driving motion from the robots core. We present an initial exploration of the morphological design of a tensegrity quadruped robot, the first to the authors' knowledge, which we call MountainGoat, and its impact on controllable locomotion. All parts of the robot, including legs and spine, are compliant. Locomotion is aided by the use of central pattern generators, feedback control via a neural network, and machine learning techniques involving the Monte Carlo method as well as genetic evolution for parameter optimization. Control is demonstrated with three variations of MountainGoat, focusing on actuation of the spine as central to the locomotion process. C1 [Hustig-Schultz, Dawn; Teodorescu, Mircea] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] NASA, Ames Dynam Tensegr Robot Lab, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Teodorescu, Mircea] NASA ARC, Adv Studies Labs, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Hustig-Schultz, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3762-9 PY 2016 BP 4714 EP 4719 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG7XO UT WOS:000391921704109 ER PT J AU Watterson, M Smith, T Kumar, V AF Watterson, Michael Smith, Trey Kumar, Vijay GP IEEE TI Smooth Trajectory Generation on SE(3) for a Free Flying Space Robot SO 2016 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 09-14, 2016 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, RSJ ID INTERPOLATION; POLYHEDRA AB We propose a new optimal trajectory generation technique on SE(3) which avoids known obstacles. We leverage techniques from differential geometry and Lie algebra to formulate a cost functional which is intrinsic to the geometric structure of this space and makes physical sense. We propose an approximation technique to generate trajectories on the subgroup SO(3) and use Semidefinite Programming (SDP) to approximate an NP-Hard problem with one which is tractable to compute. From this trajectory on the subgroup, the trajectory generation on the other dimensions of the group becomes a Quadratic Program (QP). For obstacle avoidance, we use a computational geometric technique to decompose the environment into overlapping convex regions to confine the trajectory. We show how this motion planning technique can be used to generate feasible trajectories for a space robot in SE(3) and describe controllers that enable the execution of the generated trajectory. We compare our method to other geometric techniques for calculating trajectories on SO(3) and SE(3), but in an obstacle-free environment. C1 [Watterson, Michael; Kumar, Vijay] Univ Penn, Grasp Lab, Phialdelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Smith, Trey] NASA Ames Res Ctr, NASA Intellegent Robot Grp, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Watterson, M (reprint author), Univ Penn, Grasp Lab, Phialdelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM wami@seas.upenn.edu; trey.smith@nasa.gov; kumar@seas.upenn.edu FU ARO [W911NF13-1-0350]; ONR [N00014-07-1-0829]; ARI [W91INF-08-2-0004]; NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship FX We graciously thank the support of ARO grant W911NF13-1-0350. ONR grant N00014-07-1-0829. and ARI, grant W91INF-08-2-0004, This work was supported by a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3762-9 PY 2016 BP 5459 EP 5466 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG7XO UT WOS:000391921705074 ER PT J AU Lessard, S Castro, D Asper, W Chopra, SD Baltaxe-Admony, LB Teodorescu, M SunSpiral, V Agogino, A AF Lessard, Steven Castro, Dennis Asper, William Chopra, Shaurya Deep Baltaxe-Admony, Leya Breanna Teodorescu, Mircea SunSpiral, Vytas Agogino, Adrian GP IEEE TI A Bio-Inspired Tensegrity Manipulator with Multi-DOF, Structurally Compliant Joints SO 2016 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) CY OCT 09-14, 2016 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, RSJ AB Most traditional robotic mechanisms feature inelastic joints that are unable to robustly handle large deformations and off-axis moments. As a result, the applied loads are transferred rigidly throughout the entire structure. The disadvantage of this approach is that the exerted leverage is magnified at each subsequent joint possibly damaging the mechanism. In this paper, we present two lightweight, elastic, bio-inspired tensegrity robotic arms adapted from prior static models which mitigate this danger while improving their mechanism's functionality. Our solutions feature modular tensegrity structures that function similarly to the human elbow and the human shoulder when connected. Like their biological counterparts, the proposed robotic joints are flexible and comply with unanticipated forces. Both proposed structures have multiple passive degrees of freedom and four active degrees of freedom (two from the shoulder and two from the elbow). The structural advantages demonstrated by the joints in these manipulators illustrate a solution to the fundamental issue of elegantly handling off-axis compliance. Additionally, this initial experiment illustrates that moving tensegrity arms must be designed with large reachable and dexterous workspaces in mind, a change from prior tensegrity arms which were only static. These initial experiments should be viewed as an exploration into the design space of active tensegrity structures, particularly those inspired by biological joints and limbs. C1 [Lessard, Steven; Castro, Dennis; Asper, William; Chopra, Shaurya Deep; Baltaxe-Admony, Leya Breanna; Teodorescu, Mircea; Agogino, Adrian] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Lessard, Steven; SunSpiral, Vytas; Agogino, Adrian] NASA, Ames Dynam Tensegr Robot Lab, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Chopra, Shaurya Deep; Teodorescu, Mircea] NASA, ARC, Adv Studies Labs, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Lessard, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Lessard, S (reprint author), NASA, Ames Dynam Tensegr Robot Lab, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Prime [NAS2-03144]; University of California, Santa Cruz, University Affiliated Research Center FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Prime Contract Number NAS2-03144 awarded to the University of California, Santa Cruz, University Affiliated Research Center. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3762-9 PY 2016 BP 5515 EP 5520 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG7XO UT WOS:000391921705082 ER PT S AU Moll, F Kolev, D Abrahamson, M Schmidt, C Calvo, RM Fuchs, C AF Moll, Florian Kolev, Dimitar Abrahamson, Matthew Schmidt, Christopher Calvo, Ramon Mata Fuchs, Christian BE Laycock, L White, HJ TI LEO-ground scintillation measurements with the Optical Ground Station Oberpfaffenhofen and SOTA/OPALS space terminals SO ADVANCED FREE-SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Free-Space Optical Communication Techniques and Applications II CY SEP 26-28, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Satellite communications; free-space optical communications; scintillation; low earth orbit; Optical Ground Station Oberpfaffenhofen; SOTA; OPALS AB The optical satellite-ground channel is turbulent and causes scintillation of the power received by a ground based telescope. Measurements are important to quantify the effect and evaluate common theory. A telescope with 40 cm primary mirror is used to measure the signals from the OPALS terminal on the International Space Station and the SOTA terminal on the SOCRATES satellite. The measurement instrument is a pupil camera from which images are recorded and intensity scintillation index, power scintillation index, probability density function of intensity and intensity correlation width are derived. A preliminary analysis of measurements from three satellite passed is performed, presented and discussed. The intensity scintillation index ranges from similar to 0.25 to similar to 0.03 within elevations of 26 to 66 deg. Power scintillation index varies from similar to 0.08 to similar to 0.006 and correlation width of intensity between similar to 11 and similar to 3 cm. The measurements can be used to estimate the fluctuation dynamics to be expected for a future operational ground receiver. The measurements are compared to model calculations based on the HV5/7-profile. Good agreement is observed to some part in the intensity scintillation index. Agreement is less for the power scintillation index and intensity correlation width. The reason seems to be a reduction of aperture averaging in some sections of the measurements due to increased speckle size. Finally, topics for future work are identified to improve the measurement analysis and deeper investigate the origin of the observed behavior. C1 [Moll, Florian; Schmidt, Christopher; Calvo, Ramon Mata; Fuchs, Christian] German Aerosp Ctr, Muenchener Str 20, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. [Kolev, Dimitar] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Nukui Kitamachi 4-2-1, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan. [Abrahamson, Matthew] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,M-S 161-135, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Moll, F (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr, Muenchener Str 20, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling, Germany. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0386-8; 978-1-5106-0387-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9991 AR UNSP 999102 DI 10.1117/12.2254809 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG9FN UT WOS:000393154400001 ER PT B AU Chen, LH Kim, K Tang, E Li, K House, R Agogino, AM Agogino, A Sunspiral, V Jung, E AF Chen, Lee-Huang Kim, Kyunam Tang, Ellande Li, Kevin House, Richard Agogino, Alice M. Agogino, Adrian Sunspiral, Vytas Jung, Erik GP ASME TI SOFT SPHERICAL TENSEGRITY ROBOT DESIGN USING ROD-CENTERED ACTUATION AND CONTROL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 5A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 21-24, 2016 CL Charlotte, NC SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Computers & Informat Engn Div AB This paper presents the design, analysis and testing of a fully actuated modular spherical tensegrity robot for co-robotic and space exploration applications. Robots built from tensegrity structures (composed of pure tensile and compression elements) have many potential benefits including high robustness through redundancy, many degrees of freedom in movement and flexible design. However to fully take advantage of these properties a significant fraction of the tensile elements should be active, leading to a potential increase in complexity, messy cable and power routing systems and increased design difficulty. Here we describe an elegant solution to a fully actuated tensegrity robot: The TT-3 (version 3) tensegrity robot, developed at UC Berkeley, in collaboration with NASA Ames, is a lightweight, low cost, modular, and rapidly prototyped spherical tensegrity robot. This robot is based on a ball-shaped six-bar tensegrity structure and features a unique modular rod-centered distributed actuation and control architecture. This paper presents the novel mechanism design, architecture and simulations of TT-3, the first untethered, fully actuated cable-driven six-bar tensegrity spherical robot ever built and tested for mobility. Furthermore, this paper discusses the controls and preliminary testing performed to observe the system's behavior and performance. C1 [Chen, Lee-Huang; Kim, Kyunam; Tang, Ellande; Li, Kevin; House, Richard; Agogino, Alice M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Agogino, Adrian] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Sunspiral, Vytas] NASA, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Intelligent Syst Div, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA USA. [Jung, Erik] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Comp Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Chen, LH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU NASA's Early Stage Innovation grant [NNX15AD74G] FX The authors are grateful for funding support from NASA's Early Stage Innovation grant NNX15AD74G. We also wish to acknowledge the work of the graduate and undergraduate student working on this project: Azharuddin Khaderi, Alexander Lim, Peadar Keegan, Deaho Moon, ChanWoo Yang, Raymond Ennis, Wesley Wang, Vincent Donato, and Jeremy Wan. In addition, we thank Andrew Sabelhaus, Kyle Zampaglione, Thomas Clark and Colin Ho for their valuable feedback on design options, NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5015-2 PY 2016 AR UNSP V05AT07A053 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BG9KS UT WOS:000393364800053 ER PT B AU Zampaglione, K Sabelhaus, AP Chen, LH Agogino, AM Agogino, AK AF Zampaglione, Kyle Sabelhaus, Andrew P. Chen, Lee-Huang Agogino, Alice M. Agogino, Adrian K. GP ASME TI DNA-STRUCTURED LINEAR ACTUATORS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 5A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 21-24, 2016 CL Charlotte, NC SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Computers & Informat Engn Div AB This work presents a series of DNA-structured linear actuators that have high displacements and compact profiles. These actuators operate by twisting and untwisting a double helix that resembles a DNA molecule. Unlike most similarly-motivated twisted string actuators (TSAs), these DNA-structured actuators can have the ability to exert both push and pull forces on a load. Thus, although originally designed for cable-driven robotics, these actuators have the ability to work as part of many different mechatronic systems. Two inherently different actuator designs were investigated, one with straight-line edges (rails) and one with helical rails. Two mathematical models of angular rotation versus linear displacement were developed and simulated, one for each design, and three prototypes were constructed to validate the models. The final prototype was tested for displacement, restorative torque, and pull force characteristics. This last prototype showed a 30.5 cm stroke for a 40.5 cm actuator, or a displacement of 75.3% of its total length. C1 [Zampaglione, Kyle] Tesla Motors Inc, Tesla Factory 45500 Fremont Blvd, Fremont, CA 94538 USA. [Sabelhaus, Andrew P.; Chen, Lee-Huang; Agogino, Alice M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley Emergent Space Tensegr BEST Lab, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. [Agogino, Adrian K.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Affiliated Res Ctr, Robust Software Engn Grp, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Sabelhaus, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley Emergent Space Tensegr BEST Lab, Berkeley, CA 94705 USA. EM kzampaglione@teslamotors.com; apsabelhaus@berkeley.edu; leehuanc@berkeley.edu; agogino@berkeley.edu; adrian.k.agogino@nasa.gov FU NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship [NNX15AQ55H]; NASA ESI Grant [NNX15AD74G]; NASA Advanced Studies Laboratory at NASA Ames Research Center; NASA Advanced Studies Laboratory at UC Santa Cruz; NSF Graduate Reseach Fellowship [DGE 1106400] FX This work was supported by a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship, no. NNX15AQ55H. Funding for various parts of this work was provided by NASA ESI Grant No. NNX15AD74G, the NASA Advanced Studies Laboratory at NASA Ames Research Center and UC Santa Cruz, and NSF Graduate Reseach Fellowship no. DGE 1106400. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5015-2 PY 2016 AR UNSP V05AT07A071 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BG9KS UT WOS:000393364800071 ER PT B AU Baltaxe-Admony, LB Robbins, AS Jung, EA Lessard, S Teodorescu, M SunSpiral, V Agogino, A AF Baltaxe-Admony, Leya Breanna Robbins, Ash S. Jung, Erik A. Lessard, Steven Teodorescu, Mircea SunSpiral, Vytas Agogino, Adrian GP ASME TI SIMULATING THE HUMAN SHOULDER THROUGH ACTIVE TENSEGRITY STRUCTURES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 21-24, 2016 CL Charlotte, NC SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Computers & Informat Engn Div AB The flexibility and structural compliance of the biological shoulder joint allows humaiis to perform a wide range of motions with their arms. The current paper is a preliminary study in which we propose a structurally compliant robotic manipulator joint inspired by the human shoulder joint, which elastically deforms when actuated. The tensile actuation is similar to the contraction and extension of biological muscles. We present four separate models for the shoulder: a simple saddle, a complex saddle, a suspended tubercle, and interlocked tetrahedrons. The analysis explores the dynamics in each design to compare the inherent advantages and disadvantages, which gives insight into the design and development of better interfaces for biologically inspired human-oriented robotics. C1 [Baltaxe-Admony, Leya Breanna; Jung, Erik A.; Lessard, Steven; Teodorescu, Mircea] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Robbins, Ash S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Robot Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Agogino, Adrian] Univ Calif, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Baltaxe-Admony, LB (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM bbaltaxe@ucsc.edu; asrobbin@ucsc.edu; eajung@ucsc.edu; slessard@ucsc.edu; mteodore@ucsc.edu; vytas.sunspiral@nasa.gov; adrian.k.agogino@nasa.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Prime [NAS2-03144]; University of California, Santa Cruz, University Affiliated Research Center FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Prime Contract Number NAS2-03144 awarded to the University of California, Santa Cruz, University Affiliated Research Center. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5018-3 PY 2016 AR UNSP V006T09A027 PG 6 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BG9KW UT WOS:000393365100027 ER PT B AU Chopra, SD Teodorescu, M Lessard, S Agogino, A SunSpiral, V AF Chopra, Shaurya Deep Teodorescu, Mircea Lessard, Steven Agogino, Adrian SunSpiral, Vytas GP ASME TI TENSEGRITY HEAT SHIELD FOR ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY THROUGH CELESTIAL BODIES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 21-24, 2016 CL Charlotte, NC SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Computers & Informat Engn Div ID RECONSTRUCTION; DESIGN AB Heat shields play a vital role in protecting space vehicles during the atmosphere reentry. Therefore, they are essential for space vehicles, and better designed heat shields will vastly improve the ability both of robots and humans to explore extraterrestrial destinations. The main goal of the current paper is to investigate the feasibility of designing, building and deploying a tensegrity-based heat shield, which would withstand the atmospheric reentry of a low gravity and dense atmosphere celestial body (such as Titan), where the reentry accelerations and therefore, drag forces, will be lower than in the case of a high gravity planet (e.g., Earth or Mars). The paper is a preliminary study, which investigates the parameters that would be helpful in designing tensegrity-based heat shields. We explore the dynamics of entry and how the atmospheric forces interact with the heat shield. Tensegrity structures consist of tension elements used in conjunction with rigid rods which are actuated by changing the lengths of the tension elements. The advantage of the proposed approach versus the traditional one (rigid heat shields) is that tensegrity structures are flexible structures able to adapt the shape to obtain an optimal reentry configuration. The proposed heat shield will be able to fold in a small space during transport (e.g., to the target celestial body), unfold when the target is reached and provide additional mobility for an optimal reentry pattern. However, to achieve a deployable configuration, the tensegrity structure must withstand significant dynamics and thermal loads. We will use NASA Tensegrity Robotics Toolkit (NTRT) to simulate the structural designs of the heat shield as well as for designing the controllers. C1 [Chopra, Shaurya Deep; Teodorescu, Mircea; Lessard, Steven] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Engn, DANSER Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Agogino, Adrian] Univ Calif, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Chopra, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Engn, DANSER Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM shchopra@ucsc.edu; mteodore@ucsc.edu; slessard@ucsc.edu; adrian.k.agogino@nasa.gov; vytas.sunspiral@nasa.gov FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Prime [NAS2-03144]; University of California, Santa Cruz, University Affiliated Research Center; NASA Ames Research Center FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Prime Contract Number NAS2-03144 awarded to the University of California, Santa Cruz, University Affiliated Research Center Thanks to UC Santa Cruz and NASA-ARC Advanced Studies Laboratories and NASA Ames Research Center for supporting this research. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5018-3 PY 2016 AR UNSP V006T09A026 PG 7 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BG9KW UT WOS:000393365100026 ER PT B AU Huynh, A Brain, TA MacLean, JR Quiocho, LJ AF Huynh, An Brain, Thomas A. MacLean, John R. Quiocho, Leslie J. GP ASME TI EVOLUTION OF FLEXIBLE MULTIBODY DYNAMICS FOR SIMULATION APPLICATIONS SUPPORTING HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE) CY AUG 21-24, 2016 CL Charlotte, NC SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Computers & Informat Engn Div ID PARALLEL O(LOG(N)) CALCULATION; ARTICULATED-BODY ALGORITHM AB During the course of transition from the Space Shuttle and International Space Station programs to the Orion and Journey to Mars exploration programs, a generic flexible multibody dynamics formulation and associated software implementation has evolved to meet an ever changing set of requirements at the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC). Challenging problems related to large transitional topologies and robotic free-flyer vehicle capture/release, contact dynamics, and exploration missions concept evaluation through simulation (e.g., asteroid surface operations) have driven this continued development. Coupled with this need is the requirement to oftentimes support human spaceflight operations in real-time. Moreover, it has been desirable to allow even more rapid prototyping of on-orbit manipulator and spacecraft systems, to support less complex infrastructure software for massively integrated simulations, to yield further computational efficiencies, and to take advantage of recent advances and availability of multi-core computing platforms. Since engineering analysis, procedures development, and crew familiarity/training for human spaceflight are fundamental to JSC's charter, there is also a strong desire to share and reuse models in both the non-real-time and real-time domains, with the goal of retaining as much multibody dynamics fidelity as possible. Three specific enhancements are reviewed here: ( I) linked list organization to address large transitional topologies, (2) body level model order reduction, and (3) parallel formulation/implementation. This paper provides a detailed overview of these primary updates to JSC's flexible multibody dynamics algorithms as well as a comparison of numerical results to previous formulations and associated software. C1 [Huynh, An; Brain, Thomas A.; MacLean, John R.] METECS, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Quiocho, Leslie J.] NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Software Robot & Simulat Div, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Quiocho, LJ (reprint author), NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Software Robot & Simulat Div, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM ahuynh@metecs.com; jmaclean@metecs.com; tbrain@metecs.com; leslie.j.quiocho@nasa.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5018-3 PY 2016 AR UNSP V006T09A055 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BG9KW UT WOS:000393365100055 ER PT J AU Clarke, S AF Clarke, Sean GP IEEE TI NASA SCEPTOR Electric Concept Aircraft Power System: X-Plane Electric Propulsion System Design and Qualification for Crewed Flight Testing SO 2016 IEEE TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPO (ITEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC) CY JUN 27-29, 2016 CL Dearborn, MI SP IEEE C1 [Clarke, Sean] NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0403-4 PY 2016 PG 27 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BG8PT UT WOS:000392619100103 ER PT J AU Brosnan, IG Welch, DW Scott, MJ AF Brosnan, Ian G. Welch, David W. Scott, Melinda Jacobs TI Survival Rates of Out-Migrating Yearling Chinook Salmon in the Lower Columbia River and Plume after Exposure to Gas-Supersaturated Water SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SNAKE RIVER; DELAYED MORTALITY; BUBBLE TRAUMA; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; MARKED ANIMALS; STEELHEAD; OCEAN; WASHINGTON AB In 2011, unusually high flows caused total dissolved gas (TDG) levels in the Columbia River, USA, to escalate well above the 120% regulatory limit that was imposed to prevent harmful impacts to aquatic organisms. After observing gas bubble trauma (GBT) in dead yearling Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (smolts) held in tanks, we compared estimated survival rates of acoustic-tagged in-river-migrating (IR) and transported (TR) smolts that were released below Bonneville Dam prior to and during the period of elevated TDG (>120%). The log odds of estimated daily survival in the lower river and plume was significantly lower for IR smolts that were released during elevated TDG (maximum possible exposure = 134%) than for IR smolts released when TDG was less than 120%. The TR smolts that were released 10-13 km below Bonneville Dam during elevated TDG had lower maximum possible exposure levels (126% TDG), and the log odds of estimated daily survival in the lower river and plume did not differ from that of TR smolts released when TDG was less than 120%. Direct mortality due to GBT is probably reduced in natural settings relative to laboratory experiments because smolts can move to deeper water, where pressure keeps gasses in solution, and can migrate downstream of the spillway, where TDG levels decrease as the river returns to equilibrium with the atmosphere. However, initially nonlethal GBT may reduce survival rates by increasing smolt susceptibility to predation and infection. Although our findings are limited by the observational nature of the study, our analysis is the first direct assessment of gas supersaturation's potential influence on survival of free-ranging smolts in the river and coastal ocean below a large dam. Experiments using simultaneous releases of control and gas-exposed groups are warranted and should consider the possibility that the chronic effects of TDG exposure on survival are important and persist into the early marine period. C1 [Brosnan, Ian G.] Cornell Univ, 4122 Snee Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Welch, David W.; Scott, Melinda Jacobs] Kintama Res Serv Ltd, 10-1850 Northfield Rd, Nanaimo, BC V9S 3B3, Canada. [Brosnan, Ian G.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mail Stop 232-22, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Welch, David W.; Scott, Melinda Jacobs] Kintama Res Serv Ltd, 4737 Vista View Crescent, Nanaimo, BC V9V 1N8, Canada. RP Brosnan, IG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, 4122 Snee Hall, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.; Brosnan, IG (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mail Stop 232-22, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM ian.g.brosnan@nasa.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration [2003-114-00]; U.S. Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program FX We thank Laura Hamilton (USACE) for providing SYSTDG model predictions for the Cascade Island site, and we are grateful to Dean Ballinger (Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission) and the staff at the Bonneville Dam smolt monitoring facility for their invaluable support during the 2011 tagging season. The U.S. Department of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration, provided funding to Kintama Research under Project Number 2003-114-00. I.G.B. gratefully acknowledges the support of the U.S. Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program. Finally, we would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-7659 EI 1548-8667 J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health PY 2016 VL 28 IS 4 BP 240 EP 251 DI 10.1080/08997659.2016.1227398 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA EI9RX UT WOS:000392847800006 PM 28005490 ER PT S AU Che, HH AF Che, Haihong BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI Common Origin of Kinetic Scale Turbulence and the Electron Halo in the Solar Wind - Connection to Nanoflares SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci ID CORONAL LOOPS; ACCELERATION; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS; STRAHL; WAVES; AU AB We summarize our recent studies on the origin of solar wind kinetic scale turbulence and electron halo in the electron velocity distribution function. Increasing observations of nanoflares and microscopic type III radio bursts strongly suggest that nanoflares and accelerated electron beams are common in the corona. Based on particle-in-cell simulations, we show that both the core-halo feature and kinetic scale turbulence observed in the solar wind can be produced by the nonlinear evolution of electron two-stream instability driven by nanoflare accelerated electron beams. The energy exchange between waves and particles reaches equilibrium in the inner corona and the key features of the turbulence and velocity distribution are preserved as the solar wind escapes into interplanetary space along open magnetic field lines. Observational tests of the model and future theoretical work are discussed. C1 [Che, Haihong] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Che, Haihong] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. FU NASA Postdoctoral Program; NASA research grant FX This research was partially supported by the NASA Postdoctoral Program and NASA research grant. The work is in collaboration with Drs. M. L. Goldstein and A. F. Viflas. The simulations and analysis were carried out at the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) facility at the NASA Ames Research Center. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 030001 DI 10.1063/1.4943809 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000008 ER PT S AU Hunana, P Zank, GP Goldstein, ML Webb, GM Adhikari, L AF Hunana, P. Zank, G. P. Goldstein, M. L. Webb, G. M. Adhikari, L. BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI CGL description revisited SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci ID EQUATIONS; PLASMAS; WAVES AB Solar wind observational studies have emphasized that the solar wind plasma data is bounded by the mirror and firehose instabilities, and it is often believed that these instabilities are of a purely kinetic nature. The simplest fluid model that generalizes magnetohydrodynamics with anisotropic temperatures is the Chew-Goldberger-Low model (CGL). Here we briefly revisit the CGL description and discuss its (otherwise well-documented) linear firehose and mirror instability thresholds; namely that the firehose instability threshold is identical to the one found from linear kinetic theory and that the mirror threshold contains a factor of 6 error. We consider a simple higher-order fluid model with time dependent heat flux equations and show that the mirror instability threshold is correctly reproduced. We also present fully nonlinear three-dimensional simulations of freely decaying turbulence for the Hall-CGL model with isothermal electrons. The spatial resolution of these simulations is 5123 and the :formation of a spectral break in magnetic and velocity field spectra around the proton inertial length is found. C1 [Hunana, P.; Zank, G. P.; Webb, G. M.; Adhikari, L.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Hunana, P.; Zank, G. P.; Webb, G. M.; Adhikari, L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Goldstein, M. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 672, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 030002 DI 10.1063/1.4943810 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000009 ER PT S AU Jian, LK Moya, PS Vinas, AF Stevens, M AF Jian, L. K. Moya, P. S. Vinas, A. F. Stevens, M. BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI Electromagnetic Cyclotron Waves in the Solar Wind: Wind Observation and Wave Dispersion Analysis SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci ID KINETIC SCALES; PROTON SCALES; 1 AU; FLUCTUATIONS; TURBULENCE; STEREO AB Wind observed long-lasting electromagnetic cyclotron waves near the proton cyclotron frequency on 11 March 2005, in the descending part of a fast wind stream. Bi-Maxwellian velocity distributions are fitted for core protons, beam protons, and alpha-particles. Using the fitted plasma parameters we conduct kinetic linear dispersion analysis and find ion cyclotron and/or firehose instabilities grow in six of 10 wave intervals. After Doppler shift, some of the waves have frequency and polarization consistent with observation, thus may be correspondence to the cyclotron waves observed. C1 [Jian, L. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jian, L. K.; Moya, P. S.; Vinas, A. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Heliophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Moya, P. S.] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Moya, P. S.] Univ Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Stevens, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM lan.jian@nasa.gov RI Moya, Pablo/C-3163-2011 OI Moya, Pablo/0000-0002-9161-0888 FU NASA [NNX13AI65G, NNX15AB75G] FX The work is supported by NASA under Awards NNX13AI65G and NNX15AB75G. We thank the Wind mission team for making the data publically available. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 040007 DI 10.1063/1.4943818 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000018 ER PT S AU Leske, RA Cummings, AC Cohen, CMS Mewaldt, RA Labrador, AW Stone, EC Wiedenbeck, ME Christian, ER von Rosenvinge, TT AF Leske, R. A. Cummings, A. C. Cohen, C. M. S. Mewaldt, R. A. Labrador, A. W. Stone, E. C. Wiedenbeck, M. E. Christian, E. R. von Rosenvinge, T. T. BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI Solar Energetic Particle Anisotropies and Insights Into Particle Transport SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; STEREO MISSION AB As solar energetic particles (SEPs) travel through interplanetary space, their pitch-angle distributions are shaped by the competing effects of magnetic focusing and scattering. Measurements of SEP anisotropies can therefore reveal information about interplanetary conditions such as magnetic field strength, topology, and turbulence levels at remote locations from the observer. Onboard each of the two STEREO spacecraft, the Low Energy Telescope (LET) measures pitch-angle distributions for protons and heavier ions up to iron at energies of about 2-12 MeV/nucleon. Anisotropies observed using LET include bidirectional flows within interplanetary coronal mass ejections, sunward-flowing particles when STEREO was magnetically connected to the back side of a shock, and loss-cone distributions in which particles with large pitch angles underwent magnetic mirroring at an interplanetary field enhancement that was too weak to reflect particles with the smallest pitch angles. Unusual oscillations in the width of a beamed distribution at the onset of the 23 July 2012 SEP event were also observed and remain puzzling. We report LET anisotropy observations at both STEREO spacecraft and discuss their implications for SEP transport, focusing exclusively on the extreme event of 23 July 2012 in which a large variety of anisotropies were present at various times during the event. C1 [Leske, R. A.; Cummings, A. C.; Cohen, C. M. S.; Mewaldt, R. A.; Labrador, A. W.; Stone, E. C.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Wiedenbeck, M. E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Christian, E. R.; von Rosenvinge, T. T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM ral@srl.caltech.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) at the California Institute of Technology; Jet Propulstion Laboratory from the University of California at Berkeley under NASA [SA2715-26309, NAS5-03131]; NASA [NNX08AK87G] FX This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) at the California Institute of Technology and the Jet Propulstion Laboratory under sub-contract SA2715-26309 from the University of California at Berkeley under NASA contract NAS5-03131, and by NASA award NNX08AK87G. We thank the STEREO/MAG team for making their data publicly available, and Lan Jian and Ying Liu for helpful discussions. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 070004 DI 10.1063/1.4943841 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000040 ER PT S AU Liu, W Ofman, L Broder, B Karlicky, M Downs, C AF Liu, Wei Ofman, Leon Broder, Brittany Karlicky, Marian Downs, Cooper BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI Quasi-periodic Fast-mode Magnetosonic Wave Trains Within Coronal Waveguides Associated with Flares and CMEs SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci ID ACTIVE-REGION 12192; SOLAR CORONA; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; PLASMOID EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; OSCILLATIONS; SPECTRA; WIND; SDO/AIA; BURSTS AB Quasi-periodic, fast-mode, propagating wave trains (QFPs) are a new observational phenomenon recently discovered in the solar corona by the Solar 11)ynamics Observatory with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging observations. They originate from flares and propagate at speeds up to similar to 2000 km s(-1) within funnel-shaped waveguides in the wakes of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). QFPs can carry sufficient energy fluxes required for coronal heating during their occurrences. They can provide new diagnostics for the solar corona and their associated flares. We present recent observations of QFPs focusing on their spatio-temporal properties, temperature dependence, and statistical correlation with flares and CMEs. Of particular interest is the 2010-Aug-01 C3.2 flare with correlated QFPs and drifting zebra and fiber radio bursts, which might be different manifestations of the same fast-mode wave trains. We also discuss the potential roles of QFPs in accelerating and/or modulating the solar wind. C1 [Liu, Wei] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, 625 2nd St,Suite 209, Petaluma, CA USA. [Liu, Wei] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, 3251 Hanover St,Bldg 252, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Ofman, Leon] Catholic Univ Amer, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ofman, Leon] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 671, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ofman, Leon] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geosci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Broder, Brittany] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Karlicky, Marian] Acad Sci, Astron Inst, Ondrejov, Czech Republic. [Downs, Cooper] Predict Sci Inc, 9990 Mesa Rim Rd,Suite 170, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM weiliu@lmsal.com RI Karlicky, Marian/G-9023-2014 FU NASA LWS [NNX14AJ49G]; NASA [NNG09FA40C, NNX13AF79G, NNX14AG03G, NNX12AB34G, NNG11PL10A]; NSF [AGS 1059838]; GA CR [P209/12/0103] FX This work was supported by NASA LWS grant NNX14AJ49G to PSI and NASA contract NNG09FA40C (IRIS) to LMSAL. W. L. was supported in part by NASA grants NNX13AF79G and NNX14AG03G, L. O. by NASA grant NNX12AB34G, NSF grant AGS 1059838 and NASA cooperative agreement NNG11PL10A to CUA. B B. by an IRIS summer internship at LMSAL and Stanford University, and M. K. by Grant P209/12/0103 (GA CR). NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 040010 DI 10.1063/1.4943821 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000021 ER PT S AU Maneva, YG Vinas, A Araneda, J Poedts, S AF Maneva, Yana G. Vinas, Adolfo Araneda, Jaime Poedts, Stefaan BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI Preferential heating of Oxygen 5(+) ions by finite-amplitude oblique Alfven waves SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci DE Solar Wind; Ion Heating; Plasma Waves; Plasma Instabilities ID FAST SOLAR-WIND; CYCLOTRON WAVES; HYBRID SIMULATIONS; ALPHA-PARTICLES; CORONAL HOLES; HE++ IONS; ANISOTROPIES; ACCELERATION; SPECTRA; DRIFTS AB Minor ions in the fast solar wind are known to have higher temperatures and to flow faster than protons in the interplanetary space. In this study we combine previous research on parametric instability theory and 2,511) hybrid simulations to study the onset of preferential heating of Oxygen 5(+) ions by large-scale finite-amplitude Alfven waves in the collisionless fast solar wind. We consider initially non-drifting isotropic multi-species plasma, consisting of isothermal massless fluid electrons, kinetic protons and kinetic Oxygen 5(+) ions. The external energy source for the plasma heating and energization are oblique monochromatic Alfven-cyclotron waves. The waves have been created by rotating the direction of initial parallel pump, which is a solution of the multi-fluid plasma dispersion relation. We consider propagation angles theta <= 30 degrees. The obliquely propagating Alfven pump waves lead to strong diffusion in the ion phase space, resulting in highly anisotropic heavy ion velocity distribution functions and proton beams. We discuss the application of the model to the problems of preferential heating of minor ions in the solar corona and the fast solar wind, C1 [Maneva, Yana G.; Poedts, Stefaan] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Math Plasma Astrophys, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Vinas, Adolfo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Heliophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Araneda, Jaime] Univ Concepcion, Dept Fis, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile. FU ESA Prodex [C 90347]; KU Leuven [GOA/2015-014]; FWO-Vlaanderen [G.0729.11]; European Commissions Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [269299]; Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme; Belgian Science Policy Office [IAP P7/08 CHARM]; Hercules foundation; Flemish Government - department EWI; FWO - Research Foundation Flanders: Postdoctoral Fellowship [12K1416N] FX We would like to acknowledge P. Moya for numerous fruitful discussions and help with the oblique waves solver. This work has been funded by projects C 90347 (ESA Prodex), GOA/2015-014 (KU Leuven) and G.0729.11 (FWO-Vlaanderen). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commissions Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the grant agreement SOLSPANET (project 269299, www.solspanet.eu). This study has also been funded by the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme initiated by the Belgian Science Policy Office (IAP P7/08 CHARM). The computations were performed on the VSC Flemish Supercomputer Center, funded by the Hercules foundation and the Flemish Government - department EWI. The study was completed under FWO - Research Foundation Flanders: Postdoctoral Fellowship grant 12K1416N. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 040011 DI 10.1063/1.4943822 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000022 ER PT S AU Ofman, L Ozak, N Vinas, AF AF Ofman, Leon Ozak, Nataly Vinas, Adolfo F. BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI Heating and Acceleration of Solar Wind Ions by Turbulent Wave Spectrum in Inhomogeneous Expanding Plasma SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci ID CYCLOTRON WAVES; HYBRID SIMULATIONS; ALPHA-PARTICLES; GENERATION; PROTONS; CORONA; MODELS AB Near the Sun (< 10R(s)) the acceleration, heating, and propagation of the solar wind are likely affected by the background inhomogeneities of the magnetized plasma. The heating and the acceleration of the solar wind ions by turbulent wave spectrum in inhomogeneous plasma is studied using a 2.5D hybrid model. The hybrid model describes the kinetics of the ions, while the electrons are modeled as massless neutralizing fluid in an expanding box approach. Turbulent magnetic fluctuations dominated by power-law frequency spectra, which are evident from in-situ as well as remote sensing measurements, are used in our models. The effects of background density inhomogeneity across the magnetic field on the resonant ion heating are studied. The effect of super-Alfvenic ion drift on the ion heating is investigated. It is found that the turbulent wave spectrum of initially parallel propagating waves cascades to oblique modes, and leads to enhanced resonant ion heating due to the inhomogeneity. The acceleration of the solar wind ions is achieved by the parametric instability of large amplitude waves in the spectrum, and is also affected by the inhomogeneity. The results of the study provide the ion temperature anisotropy and drift velocity temporal evolution due to relaxation of the instability. The non-Maxwellian velocity distribution functions (VDFs) of the ions are modeled in the inhomogeneous solar wind plasma in the acceleration region close to the Sun. C1 [Ofman, Leon] Catholic Univ Amer, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Ofman, Leon; Vinas, Adolfo F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Ofman, Leon] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geosci, Tel Aviv, Israel. [Ozak, Nataly] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Ctr Math Plasma Astrophys, Celestijnenlaan 200B, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. EM Leon.Ofman@nasa.gov FU NASA [NNX10AC56G, NNG11PL10A]; Helen Kimmel Center for Planetary Science at the Weizmann Institute FX LO and AFV were supported by NASA grant NNX10AC56G. LO was also supported by NASA cooperative agreement grant NNG11PL10A to CUA. NO thanks the support of the Helen Kimmel Center for Planetary Science at the Weizmann Institute where part of this work has been conducted. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 040012 DI 10.1063/1.4943823 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000023 ER PT S AU Schwadron, NA McComas, DJ Christian, ER Desai, MI Funsten, HO Fuselier, SA Moebius, E Reno, M Scherrer, J Zirnstein, E AF Schwadron, N. A. McComas, D. J. Christian, E. R. Desai, M. I. Funsten, H. O. Fuselier, S. A. Moebius, E. Reno, M. Scherrer, J. Zirnstein, E. CA Entire IBEX Team BE Wang, L Bruno, R Mobius, E Vourlidas, A Zank, G TI Energetic Neutral Atom and Interstellar Flow Observations with IBEX: Implications for the Global Heliosphere SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTEENTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE (SOLAR WIND 14) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Solar Wind Conference (Solar Wind) CY JUN 22-26, 2015 CL Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Weihai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Shandong Univ, Inst Space Sci, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Space Sci Ctr, Beihang Univ HO Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci ID BOUNDARY-EXPLORER IBEX; 1ST 5 YEARS; TERMINATION SHOCK; LO OBSERVATIONS; FLUX; PARAMETERS; RIBBON; HYDROGEN; IONS; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Since launch in Oct. 2008, IBEX, with its two energetic neutral atom (ENA) cameras, has provided humankind with the first-ever global images of the complex boundary separating the heliosphere from the local interstellar medium (LISM). IBEX's energy-resolved all-sky maps, collected every six months, are yielding remarkable new insights into the heliospheres structure as it is shaped by the combined forces of the local interstellar flow, the local interstellar magnetic field (LISMF), and the evolving solar wind. IBEX has also acquired the first images of ENAs backscattered from the surface of the moon as well as global images of the magnetospheric response to solar wind disturbances. IBEX thus addresses all three Heliophysics science objectives set forth in the 2014 Science Plan for NASAs Science Mission Directorate (SMD) as well as the goals in the recent Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey (NRC 2012). In addition, with the information it provides on the properties of the LISM and the LISMF, IBEX represents a unique bridge between heliophysics and astrophysics, and fills in critical knowledge for understanding the habitability of exoplanetary systems and the future habitability of Earth and the solar system. Because of the few-year time lag due to solar wind and ENA transport, IBEX observed the solar wind/LISM interaction characteristic of declining phase/solar minimum conditions. In the continuing mission, IBEX captures the response of the interstellar boundaries to the changing structure of the solar wind in its transition toward the "mini" solar maximum and possibly the decline into the next solar minimum. The continuing IBEX mission affords never-to-be-repeated opportunities to coordinate global imaging of the heliospheric boundary with in-situ measurements by the Voyagers as they pass beyond the heliopause and start to directly sample the LISM. C1 [Schwadron, N. A.; Moebius, E.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Schwadron, N. A.; McComas, D. J.; Desai, M. I.; Fuselier, S. A.; Reno, M.; Scherrer, J.; Zirnstein, E.] Southwest Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. [McComas, D. J.; Desai, M. I.; Fuselier, S. A.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Christian, E. R.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Funsten, H. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Schwadron, NA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.; Schwadron, NA (reprint author), Southwest Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. EM nschwadron@unh.edu FU Interstellar Boundary Explorer mission as a part of NASAs Explorer Program; NASA SRT Grant [NNG06GD55G] FX We thank the editors, Gary Zank and Lunghua Wang, for their gracious assistance with the paper. We are very grateful to the many individuals who have made the IBEX project possible. This work is supported by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer mission as a part of NASAs Explorer Program and partially by NASA SR&T Grant NNG06GD55G. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1367-2 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2016 VL 1720 AR 080002 DI 10.1063/1.4943851 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA BG8RW UT WOS:000392692000050 ER PT S AU Brovelli, MA Hogan, P Prestifilippo, G Zamboni, G AF Brovelli, M. A. Hogan, P. Prestifilippo, G. Zamboni, G. BE Halounova, L Li, S Safar, V Tomkova, M Rapant, P Brazdil, K Shi, W Anton, F Liu, Y Stein, A Cheng, T Pettit, C Li, QQ Sester, M Mostafavi, MA Madden, M Tong, X Brovelli, MA HaeKyong, K Kawashima, H Coltekin, A TI NASA WEBWORLDWIND: MULTIDIMENSIONAL VIRTUAL GLOBE FOR GEO BIG DATA VISUALIZATION SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Virtual Globe; Data Visualization; Big geo-data; Web GIS; Multi-dimensional data; Social Media AB In this paper, we presented a web application created using the NASA WebWorldWind framework. The application is capable of visualizing n-dimensional data using a Voxel model. In this case study, we handled social media data and Call Detailed Records (CDR) of telecommunication networks. These were retrieved from the "BigData Challenge 2015" of Telecom Italia. We focused on the visualization process for a suitable way to show this geo-data in a 3D environment, incorporating more than three dimensions. This engenders an interactive way to browse the data in their real context and understand them quickly. Users will be able to handle several varieties of data, import their dataset using a particular data structure, and then mash them up in the WebWorldWind virtual globe. A broad range of public use this tool for diverse purposes is possible, without much experience in the field, thanks to the intuitive user-interface of this web app. C1 [Brovelli, M. A.; Prestifilippo, G.; Zamboni, G.] Politecn Milan, DICA, Lab Geomat, Como Campus,Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Hogan, P.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-14, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Prestifilippo, G (reprint author), Politecn Milan, DICA, Lab Geomat, Como Campus,Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy. EM maria.brovelli@polimi.it; patrick.hogan@nasa.gov; gabriele.prestifilippo@mail.polimi.it; giorgio.zamboni@polimi.it NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B2 BP 563 EP 566 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B2-563-2016 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG8WO UT WOS:000392747900088 ER PT S AU Abrams, M AF Abrams, M. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI ASTER Global DEM Version 3, and new ASTER Water Body Dataset SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE DEM; ASTER; Water body mask AB In 2016, the US/Japan ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) project released Version 3 of the Global DEM (GDEM). This 30 m DEM covers the earth's surface from 82N to 82S, and improves on two earlier versions by correcting some artefacts and filling in areas of missing DEMs by the acquisition of additional data. The GDEM was produced by stereocorrelation of 2 million ASTER scenes and operation on a pixel-by-pixel basis: cloud screening; stacking data from overlapping scenes; removing outlier values, and averaging elevation values. As previously, the GDEM is packaged in similar to 23,000 1x1 degree tiles. Each tile has a DEM file, and a NUM file reporting the number of scenes used for each pixel, and identifying the source for fill-in data (where persistent clouds prevented computation of an elevation value). An additional data set was concurrently produced and released: the ASTER Water Body Dataset (AWBD). This is a 30m raster product, which encodes every pixel as either lake, river, or ocean; thus providing a global inland and shore-line water body mask. Water was identified through spectral analysis algorithms and manual editing. This product was evaluated against the Shuttle Water Body Dataset (SWBD), and the Landsat-based Global Inland Water (GIW) product. The SWBD only covers the earth between about 60 degrees north and south, so it is not a global product. The GIW only delineates inland water bodies, and does not deal with ocean coastlines. All products are at 30m postings. C1 [Abrams, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Abrams, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM mjabrams@jpl.nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 107 EP 110 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-107-2016 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100017 ER PT S AU Carabajal, CC Boy, JP AF Carabajal, C. C. Boy, J. -P. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI EVALUATION OF ASTER GDEM V3 USING ICESAT LASER ALTIMETRY SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE ASTER; ICESat; Topography; Elevation Models; Geodetic Ground Control; Laser Altimetry AB We have used a set of Ground Control Points (GCPs) derived from altimetry measurements from the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) to evaluate the quality of the 30 m posting ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) V3 elevation products produced by NASA/METI for Greenland and Antarctica. These data represent the highest quality globally distributed altimetry measurements that can be used for geodetic ground control, selected by applying rigorous editing criteria, useful at high latitudes, where other topographic control is scarce. Even if large outliers still remain in all ASTER GDEM V3 data for both, Greenland and Antarctica, they are significantly reduced when editing ASTER by number of scenes (N >= 5) included in the elevation processing. For 667,354 GCPs in Greenland, differences show a mean of 13.74 m, a median of - 6.37 m, with an RMSE of 109.65 m. For Antarctica, 6,976,703 GCPs show a mean of 0.41 m, with a median of -4.66 m, and a 54.85 m RMSE, displaying smaller means, similar medians, and less scatter than GDEM V2. Mean and median differences between ASTER and ICESat are lower than 10 m, and RMSEs lower than 10 m for Greenland, and 20 m for Antarctica when only 9 to 31 scenes are included. C1 [Carabajal, C. C.] NASA GSFC, Sigma Space Corp, Planetary Geodynam Lab, Code 698, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Boy, J. -P.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7516, EOST IPGS, 5 Rue Rene Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg, France. RP Carabajal, CC (reprint author), NASA GSFC, Sigma Space Corp, Planetary Geodynam Lab, Code 698, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Claudia.Carabajal@sigmaspace.com; jeanpaul.boy@unistra.fr RI Boy, Jean-Paul/E-6677-2017 OI Boy, Jean-Paul/0000-0003-0259-209X FU NASA's Earth Surface and Interior (ESI) Program [NNH09CF42C] FX The development of the ICESat Geodetic Control Data Base was supported by NASA's Earth Surface and Interior (ESI) Program, Contract NNH09CF42C: " Building an ICESat Geodetic Control Data Base for Global Topographic Mapping and Solid Earth Studies." David J. Harding was the Co- I in the project, and Vijay P. Suchdeo helped with the pre- processing of the ICESat altimetry before GCP production. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-117-2016 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100019 ER PT S AU Crippen, R Buckley, S Agram, P Belz, E Gurrola, E Hensley, S Kobrick, M Lavalle, M Martin, J Neumann, M Nguyen, Q Rosen, P Shimada, J Simard, M Tung, W AF Crippen, R. Buckley, S. Agram, P. Belz, E. Gurrola, E. Hensley, S. Kobrick, M. Lavalle, M. Martin, J. Neumann, M. Nguyen, Q. Rosen, P. Shimada, J. Simard, M. Tung, W. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI NASADEM GLOBAL ELEVATION MODEL: METHODS AND PROGRESS SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Elevation; Topography; DEM; NASADEM; SRTM; ASTER; GDEM; ICESat AB NASADEM is a near-global elevation model that is being produced primarily by completely reprocessing the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) radar data and then merging it with refined ASTER GDEM elevations. The new and improved SRTM elevations in NASADEM result from better vertical control of each SRTM data swath via reference to ICESat elevations and from SRTM void reductions using advanced interferometric unwrapping algorithms. Remnant voids will be filled primarily by GDEM3, but with reduction of GDEM glitches (mostly related to clouds) and therefore with only minor need for secondary sources of fill. C1 [Crippen, R.; Buckley, S.; Agram, P.; Belz, E.; Gurrola, E.; Hensley, S.; Kobrick, M.; Lavalle, M.; Martin, J.; Neumann, M.; Nguyen, Q.; Rosen, P.; Shimada, J.; Simard, M.; Tung, W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Crippen, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Robert.E.Crippen@jpl.nasa.gov OI Simard, Marc/0000-0002-9442-4562 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 125 EP 128 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-125-2016 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100020 ER PT S AU Acton, C Bachman, N Semenov, B Wright, E AF Acton, C. Bachman, N. Semenov, B. Wright, E. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI SPICE TOOLS SUPPORTING PLANETARY REMOTE SENSING SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Observation geometry AB NASA's "SPICE"* ancillary information system has gradually become the de facto international standard for providing scientists the fundamental observation geometry needed to perform photogrammetry, map making and other kinds of planetary science data analysis. SPICE provides position and orientation ephemerides of both the robotic spacecraft and the target body; target body size and shape data; instrument mounting alignment and field-of-view geometry; reference frame specifications; and underlying time system conversions. SPICE comprises not only data, but also a large suite of software, known as the SPICE Toolkit, used to access those data and subsequently compute derived quantities-items such as instrument viewing latitude/longitude, lighting angles, altitude, etc. In existence since the days of the Magellan mission to Venus, the SPICE system has continuously grown to better meet the needs of scientists and engineers. For example, originally the SPICE Toolkit was offered only in Fortran 77, but is now available in C, IDL, MATLAB, and Java Native Interface. SPICE calculations were originally available only using APIs (subroutines), but can now be executed using a client-server interface to a geometry engine. Originally SPICE "products" were only available in numeric form, but now SPICE data visualization is also available. The SPICE components are free of cost, license and export restrictions. Substantial tutorials and programming lessons help new users learn to employ SPICE calculations in their own programs. The SPICE system is implemented and maintained by the Navigation and Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF)-a component of NASA's Planetary Data System (PDS). This poster highlights additions to SPICE that could be of interest to attendees to the ISPRS symposium. C1 [Acton, C.; Bachman, N.; Semenov, B.; Wright, E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Acton, C (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM charles.acton@jpl.nasa.gov; nathaniel.bachman@jpl.nasa.gov; boris.semenov@jpl.nasa.gov; edward.wright@jpl.nasa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 357 EP 359 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-357-2016 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100058 ER PT S AU Edmundson, KL Alexandrov, O Archinal, BA Becker, KJ Becker, TL Kirk, RL Moratto, ZM Nefian, AV Richie, O Robinson, MS AF Edmundson, K. L. Alexandrov, O. Archinal, B. A. Becker, K. J. Becker, T. L. Kirk, R. L. Moratto, Z. M. Nefian, A. V. Richie, O. Robinson, M. S. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCESSING OF APOLLO 15 METRIC CAMERA OBLIQUE IMAGES SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Apollo 15; Extra-terrestrial; Mapping; Metric Camera; Oblique; Photogrammetry AB The integrated photogrammetric mapping system flown on the last three Apollo lunar missions (15, 16, and 17) in the early 1970s incorporated a Metric (mapping) Camera, a high-resolution Panoramic Camera, and a star camera and laser altimeter to provide support data. In an ongoing collaboration, the U.S. Geological Survey's Astrogeology Science Center, the Intelligent Robotics Group of the NASA Ames Research Center, and Arizona State University are working to achieve the most complete cartographic development of Apollo mapping system data into versatile digital map products. These will enable a variety of scientific/engineering uses of the data including mission planning, geologic mapping, geophysical process modelling, slope dependent correction of spectral data, and change detection. Here we describe efforts to control the oblique images acquired from the Apollo 15 Metric Camera. C1 [Edmundson, K. L.; Archinal, B. A.; Becker, K. J.; Becker, T. L.; Kirk, R. L.; Richie, O.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Alexandrov, O.; Nefian, A. V.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Moratto, Z. M.] Google Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Robinson, M. S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Edmundson, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM kedmundson@usgs.gov; oleg.alexandrov@nasa.gov; zmoratto@gmail.com; robinson@ser.asu.edu FU NASA Lunar Advanced Science and Exploration Research program [NNH12AU53I] FX This work has been funded by the NASA Lunar Advanced Science and Exploration Research program under contract # NNH12AU53I. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 375 EP 381 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-375-2016 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100061 ER PT S AU Moore, JM Spencer, JR McKinnon, WB Howard, AD White, OM Umurhan, OM Schenk, PM Beyer, RA Singer, K Stern, SA Weaver, HA Young, LA Smith, KE Olkin, C AF Moore, J. M. Spencer, J. R. McKinnon, W. B. Howard, A. D. White, O. M. Umurhan, O. M. Schenk, P. M. Beyer, R. A. Singer, K. Stern, S. A. Weaver, H. A. Young, L. A. Smith, K. Ennico Olkin, C. CA New Horizons Geology Geophys Im BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI GEOLOGICAL MAPPING OF PLUTO AND CHARON USING NEW HORIZONS DATA SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Pluto; Charon; Geological Mapping; Spatial Databases ID IMPACT; TRITON AB Pluto and Charon exhibit strikingly different surface appearances, despite their similar densities and presumed bulk compositions. Systematic mapping has revealed that much of Pluto's surface can be attributed to surface-atmosphere interactions and the mobilization of volatile ices by insolation. Many mapped valley systems appear to be the consequence of glaciation involving nitrogen ice. Other geological activity requires or required internal heating. The convection and advection of volatile ices in Sputnik Planum can be powered by present-day radiogenic heat loss. On the other hand, the prominent mountains at the western margin of Sputnik Planum, and the strange, multi-km-high mound features to the south, probably composed of H2O, are young geologically as inferred by light cratering and superposition relationships. Their origin, and what drove their formation so late in Solar System history, is under investigation. The dynamic remolding of landscapes by volatile transport seen on Pluto is not unambiguously evident in the mapping of Charon. Charon does, however, display a large resurfaced plain and globally engirdling extensional tectonic network attesting to its early endogenic vigor. C1 [Moore, J. M.; White, O. M.; Umurhan, O. M.; Beyer, R. A.; Smith, K. Ennico] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Spencer, J. R.; Singer, K.; Stern, S. A.; Young, L. A.; Olkin, C.] Southwest Res Inst, 1050 Walnut St,Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [McKinnon, W. B.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Howard, A. D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Schenk, P. M.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3600 Bay Area Blvd, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Weaver, H. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Moore, JM (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM jeff.moore@nasa.gov FU NASA's New Horizons FX This work was supported by NASA's New Horizons project. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 449 EP 451 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-449-2016 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100073 ER PT S AU Schenk, PM Beyer, RA Moore, JM Spencer, JR McKinnon, WB Howard, AD White, OM Umurhan, OM Singer, K Stern, SA Weaver, HA Young, LA Smith, KE Olkin, C AF Schenk, P. M. Beyer, R. A. Moore, J. M. Spencer, J. R. McKinnon, W. B. Howard, A. D. White, O. M. Umurhan, O. M. Singer, K. Stern, S. A. Weaver, H. A. Young, L. A. Smith, K. Ennico Olkin, C. CA New Horizons Geology Geophys Im BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF PLUTO AND CHARON USING NEW HORIZONS DATA SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Pluto; Charon; Topographic Mapping; Spatial Databases ID GEOLOGY AB New Horizons 2015 flyby of the Pluto system has resulted in high-resolution topographic maps of Pluto and Charon, the most distant objects so mapped. DEM's over similar to 30% of each object were produced at 100-300 m vertical and 300-800 m spatial resolutions, in hemispheric maps and high-resolution linear mosaics. Both objects reveal more relief than was observed at Triton. The dominant 800-km wide informally named Sputnik Planum bright ice deposit on Pluto lies in a broad depression 3 km deep, flanked by dispersed mountains 3-5 km high. Impact craters reveal a wide variety of preservation states from pristine to eroded, and long fractures are several km deep with throw of 0-2 km. Topography of this magnitude suggests the icy shell of Pluto is relatively cold and rigid. Charon has global relief of at least 10 km, including ridges of 2-3 km and troughs of 3-5 km of relief. Impact craters are up to 6 km deep. Vulcan Planum consists of rolling plains and forms a topographic moat along its edge, suggesting viscous flow. C1 [Schenk, P. M.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3600 Bay Area Blvd, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Beyer, R. A.; Moore, J. M.; White, O. M.; Umurhan, O. M.; Smith, K. Ennico] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Spencer, J. R.; Singer, K.; Stern, S. A.; Young, L. A.; Olkin, C.] Southwest Res Inst, 1050 Walnut St,Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [McKinnon, W. B.; Howard, A. D.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Weaver, H. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20707 USA. RP Schenk, PM (reprint author), Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3600 Bay Area Blvd, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM schenk@lpi.usra.edu; jeff.moore@nasa.gov FU NASA's New Horizons project FX This work was supported by NASA's New Horizons project. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 487 EP 489 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-487-2016 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100079 ER PT S AU Remillard, CM Madden, M Favors, J Childs-Gleason, L Ross, KW Rogers, L Ruiz, ML AF Remillard, C. M. Madden, M. Favors, J. Childs-Gleason, L. Ross, K. W. Rogers, L. Ruiz, M. L. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Gong, J Hanzl, V Wu, H Vyas, A Wang, L Musikhin, I Tsai, F Gruen, A Kanjir, U Faltynova, M TI BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN NASA EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND DECISION MAKERS THROUGH THE NASA DEVELOP NATIONAL PROGRAM SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission VI SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE NASA DEVELOP National Program; Applied Science; Earth Observations; Decision Making Process AB The NASA DEVELOP National Program bridges the gap between NASA Earth Science and society by building capacity in both participants and partner organizations that collaborate to conduct projects. These rapid feasibility projects highlight the capabilities of satellite and aerial Earth observations. Immersion of decision and policy makers in these feasibility projects increases awareness of the capabilities of Earth observations and contributes to the tools and resources available to support enhanced decision making. This paper will present the DEVELOP model, best practices, and two case studies, the Colombia Ecological Forecasting project and the Miami-Dade County Ecological Forecasting project, that showcase the successful adoption of tools and methods for decision making. Through over 90 projects each year, DEVELOP is always striving for the innovative, practical, and beneficial use of NASA Earth science data. C1 [Remillard, C. M.; Madden, M.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Geospatial Res, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Favors, J.; Childs-Gleason, L.; Ross, K. W.; Rogers, L.; Ruiz, M. L.] NASA, DEVELOP Natl Program, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. RP Ruiz, ML (reprint author), NASA, DEVELOP Natl Program, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. EM cremill@uga.edu; mmadden@uga.edu; james.e.favors@nasa.gov; lauren.m.childs@nasa.gov; kenton.w.ross@nasa.gov; lindsay.m.rogers@nasa.gov; michael.l.ruiz@nasa.gov FU NASA DEVELOP National Program FX We would like to express gratitude to our project partners, Proyecto Titi, Fundacion Proyecto Titi, Disney's Animal Kingdom, Miami-Dade County, Parks, Recreation and Open Spaces Department, and the Trust for Public Land. We would also like to thank the NASA DEVELOP National Program for their invaluable support and guidance. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B6 BP 145 EP 148 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B6-145-2016 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG8WK UT WOS:000392742300022 ER PT J AU Silva, AP Obraczka, K Burleigh, S Hirata, CM AF Silva, Aloizio P. Obraczka, Katia Burleigh, Scott Hirata, Celso M. GP IEEE TI Smart Congestion Control for Delay- and Disruption Tolerant Networks SO 2016 13TH ANNUAL IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SENSING, COMMUNICATION, AND NETWORKING (SECON) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON) CY JUN 27-30, 2016 CL London, ENGLAND SP IEEE, Natl Instruments AB In this paper, we propose a novel congestion control framework for delay- and disruption tolerant networks (DTNs). The proposed framework, called Smart-DTN-CC, adjusts its operation automatically as a function of the dynamics of the underlying network. It employs reinforcement learning, a machine learning technique known to be well suited to problems in which the environment, in this case the network, plays a crucial role; yet, no prior knowledge about the target environment can be assumed, i.e., the only way to acquire information about the environment is to interact with it through continuous online learning. Smart-DTN-CC nodes get input from the environment (e.g., its buffer occupancy, set of neighbors, etc), and, based on that information, choose an action to take from a set of possible actions. Depending on an action's effectiveness in controlling congestion, it will be given a reward. Smart-DTN-CC's goal is to maximize the overall reward which translates to minimizing congestion. To our knowledge, Smart-DTN-CC is the first DTN congestion control framework that has the ability to automatically and continuously adapt to the dynamics of the target environment. As demonstrated by our experimental evaluation, Smart-DTN-CC is able to consistently outperform existing DTN congestion control mechanisms under a wide range of network conditions and characteristics. C1 [Silva, Aloizio P.; Hirata, Celso M.] Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Dept Comp Engn, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Obraczka, Katia] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Burleigh, Scott] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Silva, Aloizio P.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Comp Sci, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. RP Silva, AP (reprint author), Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Dept Comp Engn, Sao Paulo, Brazil.; Silva, AP (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Comp Sci, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM aloizio@ita.br; katia@soe.ucsc.edu; scott.c.burleigh@jpl.nasa.gov; hirata@ita.br FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de nivel Superior; NSF (CNS) [1321151]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - FAPEMIG; CNPq [245492/2012-7]; CAPES (BEX) [5063/140] FX Some of the research described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. This project has been partially supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, CNPq (Process number 245492/2012-7) and Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de nivel Superior, CAPES (Process number BEX 5063/140). This work was also partially funded by NSF under project CNS 1321151. The authors would like to thank Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - FAPEMIG for their support. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1732-4 PY 2016 BP 252 EP 260 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BG8ND UT WOS:000392494000029 ER PT S AU Chattopadhyay, G Reck, T Jung-Kubiak, C Gonzalez-Ovejero, D Tang, A Lee, C Alonso-DelPino, M AF Chattopadhyay, Goutam Reck, Theodore Jung-Kubiak, Cecile Gonzalez-Ovejero, David Tang, Adrian Lee, Choonsup Alonso-DelPino, Maria GP IEEE TI Silicon Micromachined Terahertz Spectrometer Instruments SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes AB Using newly developed silicon micromachining technology that enables low-mass and highly integrated receivers, we are developing state-of-the-art terahertz spectrometer instruments for space-based planetary and astrophysics orbiter missions. Our flexible receiver with integrated antenna architecture provides a powerful instrument capability in a lightweight, low-power consuming compact package which offer unprecedented sensitivity performance, spectral coverage, and scalability to meet the scientific requirements of multiple missions. C1 [Chattopadhyay, Goutam; Reck, Theodore; Jung-Kubiak, Cecile; Gonzalez-Ovejero, David; Tang, Adrian; Lee, Choonsup; Alonso-DelPino, Maria] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Chattopadhyay, G (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200369 ER PT S AU Jung-Kubiak, C Reck, T Alonso, M Chattopadhyay, G AF Jung-Kubiak, Cecile Reck, Theodore Alonso, Maria Chattopadhyay, Goutam GP IEEE TI Silicon Micromachined Components at 1THz and Beyond SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes AB Over the past ten years, several silicon microfabrication techniques have emerged to fabricate components for THz instruments. Our approach focuses on the use of multiple silicon dioxide (SiO2) masks and consecutive silicon etching steps using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) to create multi-step devices with very fine features. We are reporting here on the fabrication of hydrid couplers and a turnstile orthomode transducer (OMT) at 1 THz, a path forward to compact multi-pixel silicon based receivers at 1.9 THz. C1 [Jung-Kubiak, Cecile; Reck, Theodore; Alonso, Maria; Chattopadhyay, Goutam] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Jung-Kubiak, C (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200333 ER PT S AU Kaufmann, P Abrantes, A Bortolucci, EC Caspi, A Fernandes, LOT Kropotov, G Kudaka, AS Laurent, G Machado, N Marcon, R Marun, A Nicolaev, V Ramirez, RFH Raulin, JP Saint-Hilaire, P Shih, A Silva, CM Timofeevsky, A AF Kaufmann, P. Abrantes, A. Bortolucci, E. C. Caspi, A. Fernandes, L. O. T. Kropotov, G. Kudaka, A. S. Laurent, G. Machado, N. Marcon, R. Marun, A. Nicolaev, V. Hidalgo Ramirez, R. F. Raulin, J. -P. Saint-Hilaire, P. Shih, A. Silva, C. M. Timofeevsky, A. GP IEEE TI THz Solar Observations on Board of a Trans-Antarctic Stratospheric Balloon Flight SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes DE Solar flares; solar brightness; THz measurements from space; THz solar photometers AB A new system of two photometers was built to observe the Sun at 3 and 7 THz from space, named SOLAR-T. It has been flown coupled to U.C. Berkeley GRIPS experiment on a NASA stratospheric balloon flight over Antarctica, 19-30 January 2016. The mission was successfully accomplished. We describe the system performance, solar brightness determination and the first THz impulsive burst detected. C1 [Kaufmann, P.; Fernandes, L. O. T.; Kudaka, A. S.; Hidalgo Ramirez, R. F.; Raulin, J. -P.] Univ Presbiteriana Mackenzie, CRAAM, Escola Engn, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Abrantes, A.; Machado, N.] Propertech Ltd, Jacarei, SP, Brazil. [Kaufmann, P.; Bortolucci, E. C.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Ctr Componentes Semicond, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Caspi, A.; Laurent, G.] Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Kropotov, G.; Nicolaev, V.; Timofeevsky, A.] Tydex LLC, St Petersburg, Russia. [Marcon, R.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Marcon, R.] Observ Solar Bernard Lyot, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Marun, A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Ciencias Astron Tierra & Espacio, San Juan, Argentina. [Saint-Hilaire, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shih, A.] NASA, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Silva, C. M.] Neuron Ltda, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. RP Kaufmann, P (reprint author), Univ Presbiteriana Mackenzie, CRAAM, Escola Engn, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Kaufmann, P (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Ctr Componentes Semicond, Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM pierrekau@gmail.com; nelson@propertech.com.br; emiliocb@unicamp.br; amir@boulder.swri.edu; grigorykropotov@tydex.ru; rmarcon@mpcnet.com.br; amarun@icate-conicet.gob.ar; shilaire@ssl.berkeley.edu; albert.y.shih@nasa.gov; cmsilva@bighost.com.br FU FAPESP [2013/24155-3]; Mackpesquisa; CNPq; CAPES; NAMITEC; US NASA; AFOSR; Argentina CONICET FX This work was partially supported by Brazilian agencies FAPESP (Proc. 2013/24155-3), Mackpesquisa, CNPq, CAPES, NAMITEC, US NASA, AFOSR, Argentina CONICET. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200057 ER PT S AU Mariani, G Kenyon, M Pearson, J Holmes, W AF Mariani, Giacomo Kenyon, Matthew Pearson, John Holmes, Warren GP IEEE TI Far-Infrared Room-Temperature Focal Plane Modules for Radiation Budget Instrument SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes AB This work presents focal plane modules for Radiation Budget Instrument, a passive remote-sensing instrument that follows the legacy of Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy system to measure short and longwave Earth's radiation budget. The focal plane arrays are micromachined at JPL and integrated into sub-assembly modules to be mounted on the optical telescope of the instrument. C1 [Mariani, Giacomo; Kenyon, Matthew; Pearson, John; Holmes, Warren] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Mariani, G (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200390 ER PT S AU Reck, TJ Schlecht, E Deal, W Chattopadhyay, G AF Reck, Theodore J. Schlecht, Erich Deal, William Chattopadhyay, Goutam GP IEEE TI A 640 GHz MMIC-based Sideband-Separating Receiver for Atmospheric Science SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes AB A MMIC-based sideband-separating receiver operating 640 GHz is presented. The MMICs are characterized at room temperature and 30 K and the noise temperature is reduced by a factor of 6. The amplifiers are then integrated with a single-sideband receiver which uses discretely packaged MMIC mixers. Single-sideband noise temperatures of less than 800 K are measured from 620 to 660 GHz with sideband rejection ratios of greater than 8 dB. C1 [Reck, Theodore J.; Schlecht, Erich; Chattopadhyay, Goutam] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Deal, William] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA USA. RP Reck, TJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM theodore.reck@jpl.nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200244 ER PT S AU Reising, SC Kangaslahti, P Schlecht, E Jiang, J Bosch-Lluis, X Ogut, M Goncharenko, Y Padmanabhan, S Cofield, R Chahat, N Brown, ST Deal, W Zamora, A Leong, K Shih, S Mei, G AF Reising, Steven C. Kangaslahti, Pekka Schlecht, Erich Jiang, Jonathan Bosch-Lluis, Xavier Ogut, Mehmet Goncharenko, Yuriy Padmanabhan, Sharmila Cofield, Richard Chahat, Nacer Brown, Shannon T. Deal, William Zamora, Alex Leong, Kevin Shih, Sean Mei, Gerry GP IEEE TI Tropospheric Water and Cloud ICE (TWICE) Millimeter and Submillimeter-wave Radiometer Instrument for 6U-Class Nanosatellites SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes ID MISSION AB Global measurements of cloud ice particle size, total ice water content and water vapor content in the upper troposphere are critically needed to improve knowledge of the role of ice clouds in Earth's climate, precipitation and cloud processes. Such observations will enable improvement in cloud and moisture simulations in global climate models as well as precipitation forecasts on a global basis. Measurements at a range of frequencies in the millimeter- and submillimeter-wave frequency range provide sensitivity to ice particle size distribution in the range of tens to hundreds of micrometers. To perform this measurement on a global basis, a new millimeter- and submillimeter-wave instrument is currently under development with suitable mass, power and volume to be deployed on 6U-Class nanosatellites. To achieve miniaturized receivers in this frequency range, InP MMIC technology has been scaled to 25-nm gate length transistors, enabling demonstration of low-noise amplifiers with sufficient gain at frequencies up to 1 THz. This technology is being applied to develop direct-detection submillimeter-wave receivers at 240 GHz, 310 GHz and 670 GHz. InP MMIC technology has also enabled multipliers for local oscillators and subharmonic mixers for temperature and humidity sounding channels near atmospheric absorption lines at 118.75, 183.31 and 380.20 GHz. C1 [Reising, Steven C.; Bosch-Lluis, Xavier; Ogut, Mehmet; Goncharenko, Yuriy] Colorado State Univ, Microwave Syst Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kangaslahti, Pekka; Schlecht, Erich; Jiang, Jonathan; Padmanabhan, Sharmila; Cofield, Richard; Chahat, Nacer; Brown, Shannon T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Deal, William; Zamora, Alex; Leong, Kevin; Shih, Sean; Mei, Gerry] Northrop Grumman Corp, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. RP Reising, SC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Microwave Syst Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200058 ER PT S AU Samoska, LA Varonen, M Kangaslahti, P Fung, A Gawande, R Soria, M Lai, R Sarkozy, S AF Samoska, Lorene A. Varonen, Mikko Kangaslahti, Pekka Fung, Andy Gawande, Rohit Soria, Mary Lai, Richard Sarkozy, Stephen GP IEEE TI V-Band MMIC LNAs and Mixers for Observing the Early Universe SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes AB We have developed V-Band (50-75 GHz) monolithic millimeter-wave integrated circuit (MMIC) low noise amplifiers using NGC's 35 nm InP HEMT technology. The MMIC LNAs exhibit noise temperatures of 150-270K over the full waveguide band. Subharmonic MMIC mixers were also developed using United Monolithic Semiconductor's GaAs Schottky diode process, and cover V-band with 15-21 dB conversion loss. These components form the front end of receivers that could be used for radio astronomy. While much of V-Band is opaque to the atmosphere, a future space probe to map the intensity of carbon monoxide (CO) in V-band would help astronomers understand the early universe. C1 [Samoska, Lorene A.; Kangaslahti, Pekka; Fung, Andy; Gawande, Rohit; Soria, Mary] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Varonen, Mikko] Aalto Univ, Espoo, Finland. [Lai, Richard; Sarkozy, Stephen] Northrop Grumman Corp, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. RP Samoska, LA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200389 ER PT S AU Siles, JV Lin, R Bruneau, P Lee, C Mehdi, I AF Siles, Jose V. Lin, Robert Bruneau, Peter Lee, Choonsup Mehdi, Imran GP IEEE TI An ultra-compact 16-pixel local oscillator at 1.9 THz SO 2016 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ) SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) CY SEP 25-30, 2016 CL Copenhagen, DENMARK SP DTU, IEEE, QMC Instruments, Danish Ctr Laser Infrastructure, DTU Fotonik, Dept Photon Engn, ARL, CARLSBERG FDN, AF OFF SCI RES, Tech Univ Denmark, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, Azpect Photon, Ekspla, Hubner HF Syst Engn, I2S, Laser Quantum, Menlo Syst, Neaspec, Springer, TeraView, Virginia Diodes AB In this work we report on the design, fabrication and initial tests of an ultra-compact 16-pixel 1.9 THz local oscillator source with > 10 mu W output power per pixel at room temperature. The power of each pixel can be individually controlled through the dc bias of the multiplier stages. The total dimensions of the module is 143mm x 30 mm x 25 mm. The pixel spacing is 5 mm and the total estimated dc power consumption is of 2.6 W/pixel, including the synthesizer. This represents a factor of 4 increase in number of pixels and a factor of 5 reduction in dc power consumption per pixel with regards to previously demonstrated arrays at 1.9 THz. C1 [Siles, Jose V.; Lin, Robert; Bruneau, Peter; Lee, Choonsup; Mehdi, Imran] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Siles, JV (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2162-2027 BN 978-1-4673-8485-8 J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG7KC UT WOS:000391406200388 ER PT S AU Hamblin, D Wang, DL Chen, G AF Hamblin, David Wang, Dali Chen, Gao GP IEEE TI Measurement Classification Using Hybrid Weighted Naive Bayes SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS FOR MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS (CIVEMSA) SE IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Virtual Environments for Measurement Systems and Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Virtual Environments for Measurement Systems and Applications (CIVEMSA) CY JUN 27-28, 2016 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP IEEE, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc AB This paper presents an algorithm for classifying measurement variables within airborne measurement data files collected by NASA. The proposed solution utilizes a combination of decision tree and Naive Bayes classifiers. In order to mitigate the independence assumption of Naive Bayes, we apply a weight vector to the feature set based on each feature's role in the classification process. The Analytic Hierarchy Process is selected to calculate the weight vector, after an investigation of various weight calculation techniques. The assessment of the algorithm with recent NASA data shows that the algorithm delivers robust results, and exceeds the performance expectation in the presence of inconsistencies and inaccuracies among measurement data. C1 [Hamblin, David; Wang, Dali] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Chen, Gao] NASA Langley, Sci Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. RP Hamblin, D (reprint author), Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. FU NASA Langley Research Center FX This work is sponsored by NASA Langley Research Center, especially its Science Directorate and Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC). We would like to thank members of ASDC - Amanda Benson, Emily Northup and Aubrey Beach - for their guidance and support. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2377-9314 BN 978-1-4673-9759-9 J9 IEEE INT CONF COMP PY 2016 BP 6 EP 11 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG8FP UT WOS:000392267100002 ER PT S AU Wang, DL Rieflin, E Chen, G AF Wang, Dali Rieflin, Elliot Chen, Gao GP IEEE TI A Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Approach to Identify Measurement Instruments SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS FOR MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS (CIVEMSA) SE IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Virtual Environments for Measurement Systems and Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Virtual Environments for Measurement Systems and Applications (CIVEMSA) CY JUN 27-28, 2016 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP IEEE, IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc AB This paper presents an effective solution for identifying measurement instruments from the metadata the section of the airborne measurement data files. These instruments were used in generating NASA airborne measurement data. Therefore, these are important information for data preservation and distribution processes. The instrument information, however, are placed in one or more places within the metadata section due to lack of rigor in data format standards. We use a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making system as our framework in order to account for the contribution from multiple information sources. In addition, we have chosen analytic hierarchy process to determine the relative importance of each criterion. The algorithm is applied to multiple NASA airborne missions, and results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. C1 [Wang, Dali; Rieflin, Elliot] Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Chen, Gao] NASA Langley, Sci Directorate, Hampton, VA USA. RP Wang, DL (reprint author), Christopher Newport Univ, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. FU NASA Langley Research Center; Science Directorate and Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC) FX This work is sponsored by NASA Langley Research Center, especially its Science Directorate and Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC). We would like to thank members of ASDC - Amanda Benson, Emily Northup and Aubrey Beach - for their guidance and support. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2377-9314 BN 978-1-4673-9759-9 J9 IEEE INT CONF COMP PY 2016 BP 78 EP 82 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG8FP UT WOS:000392267100015 ER PT S AU Sadati, N Berenji, H AF Sadati, Nasser Berenji, Hamid GP IEEE TI Coordination of Large-Scale Systems Using Fuzzy Optimal Control Strategies and Neural Networks SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS (FUZZ-IEEE) SE IEEE International Fuzzy Systems Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE) CY JUL 24-29, 2016 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP IEEE, IEEE Computat Intelligence Soc, Int Neural Network Soc, Evolutionary Programming Soc, IET, Gulf Univ Sci & Technol, IEEE Big Data Initiat DE Large-scale system; interaction prediction principle; model coordination; gradient method; fuzzy optimal control; feed-forward neural network AB Coordination strategies in large-scale systems are mainly based on two principles: interaction prediction and interaction balance. Using these principles, Model coordination and Goal coordination were proposed. The interactions in the first method and the Lagrangian coefficients in the second method were considered as coordination parameters. In this paper, the concept of coordination is introduced within the framework of two-level large-scale systems and a new intelligent approach for Model coordination is introduced. For this purpose, the system is decomposed into several subsystems, and the overall problem is considered as an optimization problem. With the aim of optimization, the control problem is first decomposed into m sub-problems at the first level, where each sub-problem is solved using a fuzzy optimal control strategy. Three-layer neural networks, which are capable of learning and reconstructing nonlinear mappings, are used for modelling each corresponding subsystem. Also, by using a neural network at the second level, which uses the gradient of interaction errors for learning, the change of interactions for each sub-system is predicted so that the overall system can be coordinated. The efficacy and advantages of the proposed approach is shown in an application example. C1 [Sadati, Nasser] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Intelligent Syst Lab, Tehran, Iran. [Berenji, Hamid] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Intelligent Inference Syst Corp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Sadati, N (reprint author), Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Intelligent Syst Lab, Tehran, Iran. EM sadati@ece.ubc.ca; berenji@iiscorp.com NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1544-5615 BN 978-1-5090-0625-0 J9 IEEE INT FUZZY SYST PY 2016 BP 2035 EP 2042 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG8AP UT WOS:000392150700283 ER PT S AU Canedy, CL Warren, MV Merritt, CD Bewley, WW Kim, M Kim, CS Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR Fradet, M Frez, CF Briggs, RM Forouhar, S AF Canedy, C. L. Warren, M. V. Merritt, C. D. Bewley, W. W. Kim, M. Kim, C. S. Vurgaftman, I. Meyer, J. R. Fradet, M. Frez, C. F. Briggs, R. M. Forouhar, S. GP IEEE TI Interband Cascade Lasers Emitting at 4.6-6.1 mu m SO 2016 INTERNATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR LASER CONFERENCE (ISLC) SE IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Semiconductor Laser Conference (ISLC) CY SEP 12-15, 2016 CL Kobe, JAPAN DE Interband Cascade Laser; Mid-infrared; Diode Laser; Chemical Sensing AB We report interb and cascade lasers exhibiting improved performance in the lambda = 4.6-6.1 mu mon spectral range. For pulsed operation at 300 K, the threshold current density of a broad area device emitting at lambda approximate to 4.8 mu m is 220 A/cm(2), while its external differential quantum efficiency per stage is 339. C1 [Canedy, C. L.; Warren, M. V.; Merritt, C. D.; Bewley, W. W.; Kim, C. S.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J. R.] Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kim, M.] Sotera Def Solut Inc, Crofton, MD 21114 USA. [Fradet, M.; Frez, C. F.; Briggs, R. M.; Forouhar, S.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Warren, MV (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 5613, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM mwir_laser@nrl.navy.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2326-5442 BN 978-4-8855-2306-9 J9 IEEE INT SEMICONDUCT PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG8DS UT WOS:000392249800036 ER PT S AU O'Dell, SL Allured, R Ames, AO Biskach, MP Broadway, DM Bruni, RJ Burrows, DN Cao, J Chalifoux, BD Chan, KW Chung, YW Cotroneo, V Elsner, RF Gaskin, JA Gubarev, MV Heilmann, RK Hertz, E Jackson, TN Kilaru, K Kolodziejczak, JJ McClelland, RS Ramsey, BD Reid, PB Riveros, RE Roche, JM Romaine, SE Saha, TT Schattenburg, ML Schwartz, DA Schwartz, ED Solly, PM Trolier-McKinstry, SE Ulmer, MP Vikhlinin, A Wallace, ML Wang, XL Windt, DL Yao, YW Ye, S Zhang, WW Zuo, H AF O'Dell, Stephen L. Allured, Ryan Ames, Andrew O. Biskach, Michael P. Broadway, David M. Bruni, Ricardo J. Burrows, David N. Cao, Jian Chalifoux, Brandon D. Chan, Kai-Wing Chung, Yip-Wah Cotroneo, Vincenzo Elsner, Ronald F. Gaskin, Jessica A. Gubarev, Mikhail V. Heilmann, Ralf K. Hertz, Edward Jackson, Thomas N. Kilaru, Kiranmayee Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J. McClelland, Ryan S. Ramsey, Brian D. Reid, Paul B. Riveros, Raul E. Roche, Jacqueline M. Romaine, Suzanne E. Saha, Timo T. Schattenburg, Mark L. Schwartz, Daniel A. Schwartz, Eric D. Solly, Peter M. Trolier-McKinstry, Susan E. Ulmer, Melville P. Vikhlinin, Alexey Wallace, Margeaux L. Wang, Xiaoli Windt, David L. Yao, Youwei Ye, Shi Zhang, William W. Zuo, Heng BE ODell, SL Khounsary, AM TI Toward large-area sub-arcsecond x-ray telescopes II SO ADAPTIVE X-RAY OPTICS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive X-Ray Optics IV as part of the SPIE Optics + Photonics International Symposium on Optical Engineering + Applications CY AUG 28-29, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE Opt + Photon DE X-ray telescopes; x-ray optics; slumped-glass mirrors; silicon mirrors; differential deposition; coating stress; ion implantation; active optics; electro-active devices; magneto-active devices ID MIRRORS; DEPOSITION AB In order to advance significantly scientific objectives, future x-ray astronomy missions will likely call for x-ray telescopes with large aperture areas (approximate to 3 m(2)) and fine angular resolution (approximate to 1 ''). Achieving such performance is programmatically and technologically challenging due to the mass and envelope constraints of space-borne telescopes and to the need for densely nested grazing-incidence optics. Such an x-ray telescope will require precision fabrication, alignment, mounting, and assembly of large areas (approximate to 600 m(2)) of lightweight (approximate to 2 kg/m(2) areal density) high-quality mirrors, at an acceptable cost (approximate to 1 M$/m(2) of mirror surface area). This paper reviews relevant programmatic and technological issues, as well as possible approaches for addressing these issues-including direct fabrication of monocrystalline silicon mirrors, active (in-space adjustable) figure correction of replicated mirrors, static post-fabrication correction using ion implantation, differential erosion or deposition, and coating-stress manipulation of thin substrates. C1 [O'Dell, Stephen L.; Broadway, David M.; Elsner, Ronald F.; Gaskin, Jessica A.; Gubarev, Mikhail V.; Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.; Ramsey, Brian D.; Roche, Jacqueline M.] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Allured, Ryan; Ames, Andrew O.; Bruni, Ricardo J.; Cotroneo, Vincenzo; Hertz, Edward; Reid, Paul B.; Romaine, Suzanne E.; Schwartz, Daniel A.; Schwartz, Eric D.; Vikhlinin, Alexey] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Biskach, Michael P.; McClelland, Ryan S.; Solly, Peter M.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Burrows, David N.; Jackson, Thomas N.; Trolier-McKinstry, Susan E.; Wallace, Margeaux L.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cao, Jian; Chung, Yip-Wah; Ulmer, Melville P.; Wang, Xiaoli; Yao, Youwei; Ye, Shi] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Chalifoux, Brandon D.; Heilmann, Ralf K.; Schattenburg, Mark L.; Yao, Youwei; Zuo, Heng] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chan, Kai-Wing; Riveros, Raul E.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Co, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kilaru, Kiranmayee] Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Saha, Timo T.; Zhang, William W.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Windt, David L.] Reflect Xray Opt LLC, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP O'Dell, SL (reprint author), NASA MSFC ZP 12, 320 Sparkman Dr NW, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. EM stephen.l.odell@nasa.gov NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0321-9; 978-1-5106-0322-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9965 AR UNSP 996507 DI 10.1117/12.2238247 PG 17 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BG8GQ UT WOS:000392269700005 ER PT S AU Roche, JM Elsner, RF Ramsey, BD O'Dell, SL Kolodziejczak, JJ Weisskopf, MC Gubarev, MV AF Roche, Jacqueline M. Elsner, Ronald F. Ramsey, Brian D. O'Dell, Stephen L. Kolodziejczak, Jeffrey J. Weisskopf, Martin C. Gubarev, Mikhail V. BE ODell, SL Khounsary, AM TI Active full-shell grazing-incidence optics SO ADAPTIVE X-RAY OPTICS IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive X-Ray Optics IV as part of the SPIE Optics + Photonics International Symposium on Optical Engineering + Applications CY AUG 28-29, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE Opt + Photon DE x-ray optics; active optics; finite element modeling; opto-mechanical; x-ray telescopes; adaptive optics ID X-RAY TELESCOPES; PERFORMANCE; ASTRONOMY AB MSFC has a long history of developing full-shell grazing-incidence x-ray optics for both narrow (pointed) and wide field (surveying) applications. The concept presented in this paper shows the potential to use active optics to switch between narrow and wide-field geometries, while maintaining large effective area and high angular resolution. In addition, active optics has the potential to reduce errors due to mounting and manufacturing lightweight optics. The design presented corrects low spatial frequency error and has significantly fewer actuators than other concepts presented thus far in the field of active x-ray optics. Using a finite element model, influence functions are calculated using active components on a full-shell grazing-incidence optic. Next, the ability of the active optic to effect a change of optical prescription and to correct for errors due to manufacturing and mounting is modeled. C1 [Roche, Jacqueline M.; Elsner, Ronald F.; Ramsey, Brian D.; O'Dell, Stephen L.; Kolodziejczak, Jeffrey J.; Weisskopf, Martin C.; Gubarev, Mikhail V.] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Off, MSFC ZP12, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. RP Roche, JM (reprint author), NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Off, MSFC ZP12, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0321-9; 978-1-5106-0322-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9965 AR UNSP 99650I DI 10.1117/12.2238171 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BG8GQ UT WOS:000392269700014 ER PT S AU Absil, O Mawet, D Karlsson, M Carlomagno, B Christiaens, V Defrere, D Delacroix, C Castella, BF Forsberg, P Girard, J Gonzalez, CAG Habraken, S Hinz, PM Huby, E Jolivet, A Matthews, K Milli, J de Xivry, GO Pantin, E Piron, P Reggiani, M Ruane, GJ Serabyn, E Surdej, J Tristram, KRW Catalan, EV Wertz, O Wizinowich, P AF Absil, Olivier Mawet, Dimitri Karlsson, Mikael Carlomagno, Brunella Christiaens, Valentin Defrere, Denis Delacroix, Christian Castella, Bruno Femenla Forsberg, Pontus Girard, Julien Gonzalez, Carlos A. Gomez Habraken, Serge Hinz, Philip M. Huby, Elsa Jolivet, Aissa Matthews, Keith Milli, Julien de Xivry, Gilles Orban Pantin, Eric Piron, Pierre Reggiani, Maddalena Ruane, Garreth J. Serabyn, Eugene Surdej, Jean Tristram, Konrad R. W. Vargas Catalan, Ernesto Wertz, Olivier Wizinowich, Peter BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Three years of harvest with the vector vortex coronagraph in the thermal infrared SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE High contrast imaging; coronagraphy; vortex phase mask; thermal infrared ID LABORATORY DEMONSTRATION; BETA-PICTORIS; PHASE MASKS; GRATINGS; DIAMOND; COMPANION; DISK; STAR; 1ST; PERFORMANCE AB For several years, we have been developing vortex phase masks based on sub-wavelength gratings, known as Annular Groove Phase Masks. Etched onto diamond substrates, these AGPMs are currently designed to be used in the thermal infrared (ranging from 3 to 13 pm). Our AGPMs were first installed on VLT/NACO and VLT/VISIR in 2012, followed by LBT/LMIRCam in 2013 and Keck/NIRC2 in 2015. In this paper, we review the development, commissioning, on-sky performance, and early scientific results of these new coronagraphic modes and report on the lessons learned. We conclude with perspectives for future developments and applications. C1 [Absil, Olivier; Carlomagno, Brunella; Christiaens, Valentin; Defrere, Denis; Gonzalez, Carlos A. Gomez; Habraken, Serge; Huby, Elsa; Jolivet, Aissa; de Xivry, Gilles Orban; Reggiani, Maddalena; Surdej, Jean; Wertz, Olivier] Univ Liege, Space Sci Technol & Astrophys Res STAR Inst, 19c Allee Six Aout, B-4000 Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium. [Mawet, Dimitri; Matthews, Keith] CALTECH, Dept Astron, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Mawet, Dimitri; Serabyn, Eugene] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Karlsson, Mikael; Forsberg, Pontus; Piron, Pierre; Ruane, Garreth J.; Vargas Catalan, Ernesto] Uppsala Univ, Angstrom Lab, Lagerhyddsvagen 1, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden. [Christiaens, Valentin] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile. [Delacroix, Christian] Cornell Univ, Sibley Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Castella, Bruno Femenla; Wizinowich, Peter] WM Keck Observ, 65-1120 Mamalahoa Hwy, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Girard, Julien; Milli, Julien; Tristram, Konrad R. W.] European Southern Observ, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Santiago, Chile. [Hinz, Philip M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 633 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Pantin, Eric] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA DSM, CNRS,IRFU SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Absil, O (reprint author), Univ Liege, Space Sci Technol & Astrophys Res STAR Inst, 19c Allee Six Aout, B-4000 Sart Tilman Par Liege, Belgium. EM absil@astro.ulg.ac.be OI Ruane, Garreth/0000-0003-4769-1665; Delacroix, Christian/0000-0003-0150-4430 NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99080Q DI 10.1117/12.2233289 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100018 ER PT S AU Crass, J Fantano, LG Hearty, FR Crepp, JR Nelson, MJ Wall, SM Cavalieri, DA Koca, C King, DL Reynolds, RO Stapelfeldt, KR AF Crass, Jonathan Fantano, Louis G. Hearty, Frederick R. Crepp, Justin R. Nelson, Matthew J. Wall, Sheila M. Cavalieri, David A. Koca, Corina King, David L. Reynolds, Robert O. Stapelfeldt, Karl R. BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI The iLocater cryostat: design and thermal control strategy for precision radial velocity measurements SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Radial Velocity; Exoplanets; Single-Mode Fibers; Spectrograph; Thermal Control; Invar; Zerodur; iLocater AB The current generation of precision radial velocity (RV) spectrographs are seeing-limited instruments. In order to achieve high spectral resolution on 8m class telescopes, these spectrographs require large optics and in turn, large instrument volumes. Achieving milli-Kelvin thermal stability for these systems is challenging but is vital in order to obtain a single measurement RV precision of better than 1m/s. This precision is crucial to study Earth-like exoplanets within the habitable zone. iLocater is a next generation RV instrument being developed for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Unlike seeing limited RV instruments, iLocater uses adaptive optics (AO) to inject a diffraction-limited beam into single-mode fibers. These fibers illuminate the instrument spectrograph, facilitating a diffraction-limited design and a small instrument volume compared to present-day instruments. This enables intrinsic instrument stability and facilitates precision thermal control. We present the current design of the iLocater cryostat which houses the instrument spectrograph and the strategy for its thermal control. The spectrograph is situated within a pair of radiation shields mounted inside an MLI lined vacuum chamber The outer radiation shield is actively controlled to maintain instrument stability at the sub-mK level and minimize effects of thermal changes from the external environment. An inner shield passively dampens any residual temperature fluctuations and is radiatively coupled to the optical board. To provide intrinsic stability, the optical board and optic mounts will be made from Invar and cooled to 58K to benefit from a zero coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) value at this temperature. Combined, the small footprint of the instrument spectrograph, the use of Invar, and precision thermal control will allow long-term sub-milliKelvin stability to facilitate precision RV measurements. C1 [Crass, Jonathan; Crepp, Justin R.; Cavalieri, David A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Fantano, Louis G.; Wall, Sheila M.; Koca, Corina; Stapelfeldt, Karl R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hearty, Frederick R.] Penn State Univ, Davey Lab 405, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Nelson, Matthew J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [King, David L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Reynolds, Robert O.] Large Binocular Telescope Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Stapelfeldt, Karl R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Crass, J (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM j.crass@nd.edu FU NASA Early Career Fellowship program FX J. Crepp acknowledges support from the NASA Early Career Fellowship program to help support this work. The iLocater team is also grateful for contributions from the Potenziani family and the Wolfe family for their vision and generosity. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 990873 DI 10.1117/12.2233617 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100200 ER PT S AU Crepp, JR Crass, J King, D Bechter, A Bechter, E Ketterer, R Reynold, R Hinz, P Kopon, D Cavalieri, D Fantano, L Koca, C Onuma, E Stapelfeldt, K Thomes, J Wall, S Macenka, S McGuire, J Komiski, R Zugby, L Eisner, J Gaudi, BS Hearty, F Kratter, K Kuchner, M Micela, G Nelson, M Pagano, I Quirrenbach, A Schwab, C Skrutskie, M Sozzetti, A Woodward, CE Zhao, B AF Crepp, Justin R. Crass, Jonathan King, David Bechter, Andrew Bechter, Eric Ketterer, Ryan Reynold, Robert Hinz, Philip Kopon, Derek Cavalieri, David Fantano, Louis Koca, Corina Onuma, Eleanya Stapelfeldt, Karl Thomes, Joseph Wall, Sheila Macenka, Steven McGuire, James Komiski, Ronald Zugby, Leonard Eisner, Joshua Gaudi, B. Scott Hearty, Fred Kratter, Kaitlin Kuchner, Marc Micela, Giusi Nelson, Matthew Pagano, Isabella Quirrenbach, Andreas Schwab, Christian Skrutskie, Michael Sozzetti, Alessandro Woodward, Charles E. Zhao, Bo BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI iLocater: A Diffraction-limited Doppler Spectrometer for the Large Binocular Telescope SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE spectroscopy; exoplanets; radial velocity; optical fibers; adaptive optics AB We are developing a stable and precise spectrograph for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) named "iLocater." The instrument comprises three principal components: a cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph that operates in the YJ-bands (0.97-1.30 mu m), a fiber-injection acquisition camera system, and a wavelength calibration unit. iLocater will deliver high spectral resolution (R similar to 150,000-240,000) measurements that permit novel studies of stellar and substellar objects in the solar neighborhood including extrasolar planets. Unlike previous planet-finding instruments, which are seeing-limited, iLocater operates at the diffraction limit and uses single mode fibers to eliminate the effects of modal noise entirely. By receiving starlight from two 8.4m diameter telescopes that each use "extreme" adaptive optics (AO), iLocater shows promise to overcome the limitations that prevent existing instruments from generating sub-meter-per-second radial velocity (RV) precision. Although optimized for the characterization of low-mass planets using the Doppler technique, iLocater will also advance areas of research that involve crowded fields, line-blanketing, and weak absorption lines. C1 [Crepp, Justin R.; Crass, Jonathan; Bechter, Andrew; Bechter, Eric; Ketterer, Ryan; Cavalieri, David] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [King, David] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Reynold, Robert] Large Binocular Telescope Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hinz, Philip; Eisner, Joshua; Kratter, Kaitlin] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Dept Astron, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kopon, Derek] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fantano, Louis; Koca, Corina; Onuma, Eleanya; Stapelfeldt, Karl; Thomes, Joseph; Wall, Sheila; Kuchner, Marc] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Stapelfeldt, Karl; Macenka, Steven; McGuire, James; Komiski, Ronald; Zugby, Leonard] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Gaudi, B. Scott] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hearty, Fred] Penn State Univ, Davey Lab 405, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Micela, Giusi] Osservatrio Astron Paleuno GS Vaiana, INAF, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Nelson, Matthew] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Pagano, Isabella] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF, Via S Sofia78, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Quirrenbach, Andreas] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte, Konigstuhl 12, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Schwab, Christian] Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Schwab, Christian] Australian Astron Observ, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Sozzetti, Alessandro] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, Via Osservat 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Woodward, Charles E.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, 116 Church St,SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Zhao, Bo] Univ Florida, Bryant Space Sci Ctr 211, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Crepp, JR (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, 225 Nieuwland Sci Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 990819 DI 10.1117/12.2233135 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100032 ER PT S AU Gennaro, M Robberto, M Heckman, T Smee, SA Barkhouser, R Ninkov, Z Adamo, A Becker, G Bellini, A Bianchi, L Bik, A Bordoloi, R Calamida, A Calzetti, D De Rosa, G Deustua, S Kalirai, J Lotz, J MacKenty, J Manara, CF Meixner, M Pacifici, C Sabbi, E Sahu, K Tumlison, J AF Gennaro, Mario Robberto, Massimo Heckman, Timothy Smee, Stephen A. Barkhouser, Robert Ninkov, Zoran Adamo, Angela Becker, George Bellini, Andrea Bianchi, Luciana Bik, Arjan Bordoloi, Rongmon Calamida, Annalisa Calzetti, Daniela De Rosa, Gisella Deustua, Susana Kalirai, Jason Lotz, Jennifer MacKenty, John Manara, Carlo Felice Meixner, Margaret Pacifici, Camilla Sabbi, Elena Sahu, Kailash Tumlison, Jason BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI The GMOX science case: resolving galaxies through cosmic time SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE DMD; Spectrograph; Multi-Object; Adaptive Optics; Near Infrared; Camera; Wide-Band ID T-TAURI STARS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; X-SHOOTER SPECTROSCOPY; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; ACCRETION RATES; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; STARBURST GALAXIES; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES AB We present the key scientific questions that can be addressed by GMOX, a Multi-Object Spectrograph selected for feasibility study as a 4th generation instrument for the Gemini telescopes. Using commercial digital micro mirror devices (DMDs) as slit selection mechanisms, GMOX can observe hundred of sources at R 5000 between the U and K band simultaneously. Exploiting the narrow PSF delivered by the Gemini South GeMS MCAO module, GMOX can synthesize slits as small as 40mas reaching extremely faint magnitude limits, and thus enabling a plethora of applications and innovative science. Our main scientific driver in developing GMOX has been Resolving galaxies through cosmic time: GMOX 40mas slit (at GeMS) corresponds to 300 pc at z similar to 1.5, where the angular diameter distance reaches its maximum, and therefore to even smaller linear scales at any other redshift. This means tha GMOX can take spectra of regions smaller than 300 pc in the whole observable Universe, allowing to probe the growth and evolution of galaxies with unprecedented detail. GMOXs multi-object capability and high angular resolution enable efficient studies of crowded fields, such as globular clusters, the Milky Way bulge, the Magellanic Clouds, Local Group galaxies and galaxy clusters. The wide-band simultaneous coverage and the very fast slit configuration mechanisms also make GMOX ideal for followup of LSST transients. C1 [Gennaro, Mario; Robberto, Massimo; Bellini, Andrea; De Rosa, Gisella; Deustua, Susana; Kalirai, Jason; Lotz, Jennifer; MacKenty, John; Meixner, Margaret; Sabbi, Elena; Sahu, Kailash; Tumlison, Jason] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Robberto, Massimo; Heckman, Timothy; Smee, Stephen A.; Barkhouser, Robert; Bianchi, Luciana] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3701 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ninkov, Zoran] Rochester Inst Technol, Ctr Imaging Sci, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Adamo, Angela; Bik, Arjan] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Becker, George] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Bordoloi, Rongmon] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Calamida, Annalisa] Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Calzetti, Daniela] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Manara, Carlo Felice] ESA ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Pacifici, Camilla] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Gennaro, M (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM gennaro@stsci.edu NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 990849 DI 10.1117/12.2232101 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100123 ER PT S AU Groff, TD Chilcote, J Kasdin, NJ Galvin, M Loomis, C Carr, MA Brandt, T Knapp, G Limbach, MA Guyon, O Jovanovic, N McElwain, MW Takato, N Hayashi, M AF Groff, Tyler D. Chilcote, Jeffrey Kasdin, N. Jeremy Galvin, Michael Loomis, Craig Carr, Michael A. Brandt, Timothy Knapp, Gillian Limbach, Mary Anne Guyon, Olivier Jovanovic, Nemanja McElwain, Michael W. Takato, Naruhisa Hayashi, Masahiko BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Laboratory testing and performance verification of the CHARIS integral field spectrograph SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Integral Field Spectrograph; Lenslet; Extreme Adaptive Optics; Coronagraphy; Exoplanets AB The Coronagraphic High Angular Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (CHARIS) is an integral field spectrograph (IFS) that has been built for the Subaru telescope. CHARIS has two imaging modes; the high-resolution mode is R82, R69, and R82 in J, H, and K bands respectively while the low-resolution discovery mode uses a second low-resolution prism with R19 spanning 1.15-2.37 microns (J+H+K bands). The discovery mode is meant to augment the low inner working angle of the Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) adaptive optics system, which feeds CHARIS a coronagraphic image. The goal is to detect and characterize brown dwarfs and hot Jovian planets down to contrasts five orders of magnitude dimmer than their parent star at an inner working angle as low as 80 milliarcseconds. CHARIS constrains spectral crosstalk through several key aspects of the optical design. Additionally, the repeatability of alignment of certain optical components is critical to the calibrations required for the data pipeline. Specifically the relative alignment of the lenslet array, prism, and detector must be highly stable and repeatable between imaging modes. We report on the measured repeatability and stability of these mechanisms, measurements of spectral crosstalk in the instrument, and the propagation of these errors through the data pipeline. Another key design feature of CHARIS is the prism, which pairs Barium Fluoride with Ohara L-BBH2 high index glass. The dispersion of the prism is significantly more uniform than other glass choices, and the CHARIS prisms represent the first NIR astronomical instrument that uses L-BBH2 as the high index material. This material choice was key to the utility of the discovery mode, so significant efforts were put into cryogenic characterization of the material. The final performance of the prism assemblies in their operating environment is described in detail. The spectrograph is going through final alignment, cryogenic cycling, and is being delivered to the Subaru telescope in April 2016. This paper is a report on the laboratory performance of the spectrograph, and its current status in the commissioning process so that observers will better understand the instrument capabilities. We will also discuss the lessons learned during the testing process and their impact on future high-contrast imaging spectrographs for wavefront control. C1 [Groff, Tyler D.; Kasdin, N. Jeremy; Galvin, Michael; Loomis, Craig; Carr, Michael A.; Brandt, Timothy; Knapp, Gillian; Limbach, Mary Anne] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Chilcote, Jeffrey] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [McElwain, Michael W.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Guyon, Olivier; Jovanovic, Nemanja; Takato, Naruhisa] Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI USA. [Hayashi, Masahiko] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan. RP Groff, TD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM tgroff@princeton.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99080O DI 10.1117/12.2233447 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100016 ER PT S AU Halverson, S Terrien, R Mahadevan, S Roy, A Bender, C Stefansson, GK Monson, A Levi, E Hearty, F Blake, C McElwain, M Schwab, C Ramsey, L Wright, J Wang, S Gong, Q Robertson, P AF Halverson, Samuel Terrien, Ryan Mahadevan, Suvrath Roy, Arpita Bender, Chad Stefansson, Guomundur Kari Monson, Andrew Levi, Eric Hearty, Fred Blake, Cullen McElwain, Michael Schwab, Christian Ramsey, Lawrence Wright, Jason Wang, Sharon Gong, Qian Robertson, Paul BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI A comprehensive radial velocity error budget for next generation Doppler spectrometers SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE high resolution spectroscopy; systems engineering; exoplanets; radial velocity instrumentation ID CHARGE-TRANSFER INEFFICIENCY; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; MODAL NOISE; NIGHT-SKY; SPECTROSCOPY; INSTRUMENTS; MODEL AB We describe a detailed radial velocity error budget for the NASA-NSF Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrometer instrument concept NEID (NN-explore Exoplanet Investigations with Doppler spectroscopy). Such an instrument performance budget is a necessity for both identifying the variety of noise sources currently limiting Doppler measurements, and estimating the achievable performance of next generation exoplanet hunting Doppler spectrometers. For these instruments, no single source of instrumental error is expected to set the overall measurement floor. Rather, the overall instrumental measurement precision is set by the contribution of many individual error sources. We use a combination of numerical simulations, educated estimates based on published materials, extrapolations of physical models, results from laboratory measurements of spectroscopic subsystems, and informed upper limits for a variety of error sources to identify likely sources of systematic error and construct our global instrument performance error budget. While natively focused on the performance of the NEID instrument, this modular performance budget is immediately adaptable to a number of current and future instruments. Such an approach is an important step in charting a path towards improving Doppler measurement precisions to the levels necessary for discovering Earth-like planets. C1 [Halverson, Samuel; Terrien, Ryan; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Roy, Arpita; Bender, Chad; Stefansson, Guomundur Kari; Monson, Andrew; Levi, Eric; Hearty, Fred; Ramsey, Lawrence; Wright, Jason; Wang, Sharon; Robertson, Paul] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Halverson, Samuel; Terrien, Ryan; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Roy, Arpita; Bender, Chad; Stefansson, Guomundur Kari; Monson, Andrew; Hearty, Fred; Ramsey, Lawrence; Wright, Jason; Wang, Sharon; Robertson, Paul] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Terrien, Ryan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Blake, Cullen] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, 209 South 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [McElwain, Michael; Gong, Qian] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Schwab, Christian] Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Blake, Cullen; McElwain, Michael] NASA, Roman Technol, Pasadena, CA USA. [Robertson, Paul] NASA Sagan, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Halverson, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Halverson, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM shalverson@psu.edu OI Wright, Jason/0000-0001-6160-5888 NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99086P DI 10.1117/12.2232761 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100191 ER PT S AU Jovanovic, N Cvetojevic, N Schwab, C Norris, B Lozi, J Gross, S Betters, C Singh, G Guyon, O Martinache, F Doughty, D Tuthill, P AF Jovanovic, N. Cvetojevic, N. Schwab, C. Norris, B. Lozi, J. Gross, S. Betters, C. Singh, G. Guyon, O. Martinache, F. Doughty, D. Tuthill, P. BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Efficiently feeding single-mode fiber photonic spectrographs with an extreme adaptive optics system: on-sky characterization and preliminary spectroscopy SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Extreme AO; Photonic instruments; Fiber injection; Arrayed Waveguide Gratings; Diffraction limited performance; Pupil apodization; Spectroscopy ID 1ST LIGHT; TELESCOPE AB High-order wavefront correction is not only beneficial for high-contrast imaging, but also spectroscopy. The size of a spectrograph can be decoupled from the size of the telescope aperture by moving to the diffraction limit which has strong implications for ELT based instrument design. Here we present the construction and characterization of an extremely efficient single-mode fiber feed behind an extreme adaptive optics system (SCExAO). We show that this feed can indeed be utilized to great success by photonic-based spectrographs. We present metrics to quantify the system performance and some preliminary spectra delivered by the compact spectrograph. C1 [Jovanovic, N.; Lozi, J.; Guyon, O.; Doughty, D.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 650 North AOhoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Jovanovic, N.; Schwab, C.; Gross, S.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Cvetojevic, N.; Schwab, C.] Australian Astron Observ, 105 Delhi Rd, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. [Cvetojevic, N.; Norris, B.; Betters, C.; Tuthill, P.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron SIfA, IPOS, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Cvetojevic, N.; Gross, S.] Ctr Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices Opt Syst CUDOS, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. [Singh, G.] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,MS 183-901, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Guyon, O.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Guyon, O.; Doughty, D.] Univ Arizona, Ctr Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Guyon, O.] Astrobiol Ctr NINS, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Martinache, F.] Observ Cote Azur, Blvd Observ, F-06304 Nice, France. RP Jovanovic, N (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 650 North AOhoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.; Jovanovic, N (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. EM jovanovic.nem@gmail.com OI Betters, Christopher/0000-0002-3797-2028 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99080R DI 10.1117/12.2234299 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100019 ER PT S AU Kerber, F Kaufl, HU Tristram, K Asmus, D Baksai, P Di Lieto, N Dobrzycka, D Duhoux, P Finger, G Hummel, C Ives, D Jakob, G Lundin, L Mawet, D Mehrgan, L Moreau, V Pantin, E Riquelme, M Sanchez, J Sandrock, S Siebenmorgen, R Stegmeier, J Smette, A Taylor, J van den Ancker, M Valdes, G Venema, L AF Kerber, Florian Kaeufl, Hans Ulrich Tristram, Konrad Asmus, Daniel Baksai, Pedro Di Lieto, Nicola Dobrzycka, Danuta Duhoux, Philippe Finger, Gert Hummel, Christian Ives, Derek Jakob, Gerd Lundin, Lars Mawet, Dimitri Mehrgan, Leander Moreau, Vincent Pantin, Eric Riquelme, Miguel Sanchez, Joel Sandrock, Stefan Siebenmorgen, Ralf Stegmeier, Joerg Smette, Alain Taylor, Julian van den Ancker, Mario Valdes, Guillermo Venema, Lars BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI VISIR Upgrade: all's well that ends well SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE VISIR; upgrade; ESO VLT; mid-IR; AQUARIUS; excess low frequency noise; chopping; water vapour; lessons learned ID WATER-VAPOR AB We present an overview of the VISIR instrument after its upgrade and return to science operations. VISIR is the midinfrared imager and spectrograph at ESO's VLT. The project team is comprised of ESO staff and members of the original VISIR consortium: CEA Saclay and ASTRON. The project plan was based on input from the ESO user community with the goal of enhancing the scientific performance and efficiency of VISIR by a combination of measures: installation of improved hardware, optimization of instrument operations and software support. The cornerstone of the upgrade is the 1k by 1k Si: As AQUARIUS detector array manufactured by Raytheon. In addition, a new prism spectroscopic mode covers the whole N-band in a single observation. Finally, new scientific capabilities for high resolution and high-contrast imaging are offered by sub-aperture mask and coronagraphic modes. In order to make optimal use of favourable atmospheric conditions, a water vapour monitor has been deployed on Paranal, allowing for real-time decisions and the introduction of a user-defined constraint on water vapour. During the commissioning in 2012, it was found that the on-sky sensitivity of the AQUARIUS detector was significantly below expectations. Extensive testing of the detector arrays in the laboratory and on-sky enabled us to diagnose the cause for the shortcoming of the detector as excess low frequency noise. It is inherent to the design chosen for this detector and cannot be remedied by changing the detector set-up. Since this is a form of correlated noise, its impact can be limited by modulating the scene recorded by the detector. After careful analysis, we have implemented fast (up to 4 Hz) chopping with field stabilization using the secondary mirror of the VLT. During commissioning, the upgraded VISIR has been confirmed to be more sensitive than the old instrument, and in particular for low-resolution spectroscopy in the N-band, a gain of a factor 6 is realized in observing efficiency. After overcoming several additional technical problems, VISIR is back in Science Operations since April 2015. In addition an upgrade of the IT infrastructure related to VISIR has been conducted in order to support burst-mode operations. Science Verification of the new modes was performed in Feb 2016. The upgraded VISIR is a powerful instrument providing close to background limited performance for diffraction-limited observations at an 8-m telescope. It offers synergies with facilities such as ALMA, JWST, VLTI and SOFIA, while a wealth of targets is available from survey works like WISE. In addition, it will bring confirmation of the technical readiness and scientific value of several aspects for future mid-IR instrumentation at Extremely Large Telescopes. We also present several lessons learned during the project. C1 [Kerber, Florian; Kaeufl, Hans Ulrich; Di Lieto, Nicola; Dobrzycka, Danuta; Duhoux, Philippe; Finger, Gert; Hummel, Christian; Ives, Derek; Jakob, Gerd; Lundin, Lars; Mehrgan, Leander; Sandrock, Stefan; Siebenmorgen, Ralf; Stegmeier, Joerg; Taylor, Julian; van den Ancker, Mario] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Tristram, Konrad; Asmus, Daniel; Baksai, Pedro; Riquelme, Miguel; Smette, Alain; Valdes, Guillermo] European Southern Observ, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile. [Mawet, Dimitri] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA USA. [Moreau, Vincent; Pantin, Eric] CEA Saclay, DSM DAPNIA Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Sanchez, Joel] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Venema, Lars] ASTRON, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, NL-7991 PD Dwingeloo, Netherlands. RP Kerber, F (reprint author), European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM fkether@eso.org NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99080D DI 10.1117/12.2232441 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100009 ER PT S AU Logsdon, SE McLean, IS Becklin, EE Hamilton, RT Vacca, WD Waddell, P AF Logsdon, Sarah E. McLean, Ian S. Becklin, E. E. Hamilton, Ryan T. Vacca, William D. Waddell, Patrick BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI FLITECAM: delivery and performance on SOFIA SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE airborne astronomy; imager; spectrometer; near-infrared; SOFIA; commissioning ID CAMERA AB We present a performance report for FLITECAM, a 1-5 mu m imager and spectrograph, upon its acceptance and delivery to SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy). FLITECAM has two observing configurations: solo configuration and "FLIPO" configuration, which is the co-mounting of FLITECAM with the optical instrument HIPO (PI E. Dunham, Lowell Observatory). FLITECAM was commissioned in the FLIPO configuration in 2014 and flew in the solo configuration for the first time in Fall 2015, shortly after its official delivery to SOFIA. Here we quantify FLITECAM's imaging and spectral performance in both configurations and discuss the science capabilities of each configuration, with examples from in-flight commissioning and early science data. The solo configuration (which comprises fewer warm optics) has better sensitivity at longer wavelengths. We also discuss the causes of excess background detected in the in-flight FLITECAM images at low elevations and describe the current plan to mitigate the largest contributor to this excess background. C1 [Logsdon, Sarah E.; McLean, Ian S.; Becklin, E. E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Becklin, E. E.; Hamilton, Ryan T.; Vacca, William D.; Waddell, Patrick] NASA, USRA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Logsdon, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM slogsdon@astro.ucla.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99080B DI 10.1117/12.2231757 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100007 ER PT S AU Nikoleyczik, J Kutyrev, A Moseley, H Veilleux, S AF Nikoleyczik, Jonathan Kutyrev, Alexander Moseley, Harvey Veilleux, Sylvain BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Wide Field Of View Spectroscopy Using Solid Fabry-Perot Interferometers SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Fabry-Perot interferometer; spectroscopy; chlorophyll fluorescence ID CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; PERFORMANCE; LIGHT AB We present a high resolution spectrometer consisting of dual solid Fabry-Perot Interferometers (FPI). Each FPI is made of a single piece of L-BBH2 glass which has a high index of refraction n similar to 2.07. Each is then coated with partially reflective mirrors to achieve a spectral resolution of R similar to 30,000. Running the FPIs in tandem reduces the overlapping orders and allows for a much wider free spectral range and higher contrast. Tuning of the FPIs is achieved by adjusting the temperature and thus changing the FPI gap and the refractive index of the material. The spectrometer then moves spatially in order to get spectral information at every point in the field of view. We select spectral lines for further analysis and create maps of the line depths across the field. Using this technique we are able to measure the fluorescence of chlorophyll in plants and observe zodiacal light. In the chlorophyll analysis we are able to detect chlorophyll fluorescence using the line depth in a plant using the sky as a reference solar spectrum. This instrument has possible applications in either a cubesat or aerial observations to measure bulk plant activity over large areas. C1 [Nikoleyczik, Jonathan; Kutyrev, Alexander; Moseley, Harvey] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kutyrev, Alexander; Moseley, Harvey] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Veilleux, Sylvain] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Nikoleyczik, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. FU GSFC Science Innovation Fund (SIF); Internal Research and Development (IRAD) programs; University of Maryland Astronomy department FX We would like to thank the GSFC Science Innovation Fund (SIF) and Internal Research and Development (IRAD) programs for funding and supporting this work. We would also like to thank the University of Maryland Astronomy department for their support. A special thanks to Stuart Vogel for reading an early revision of this manuscript. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99085N DI 10.1117/12.2232864 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100158 ER PT S AU Pfuller, E Wiedemann, M Wolf, J Krabbe, A AF Pfueller, Enrico Wiedemann, Manuel Wolf, Juergen Krabbe, Alfred BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Development of the FPI plus as Facility Science Instrument for SOFIA Cycle 4 Observations SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE SOFIA; Observatory Characterization; EMCCD; Pointing Performance; Science Instrument AB The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) is a heavily modified Boeing 747SP aircraft, accommodating a 2.5m infrared telescope. This airborne observation platform takes astronomers to flight altitudes of up to 13.7 km (45,000ft) and therefore allows an almost unobstructed view of the infrared universe at wavelengths between 0.3 m and 1600 m. SOFIA is currently completing its fourth cycle of observations and utilizes eight different imaging and spectroscopic science instruments. New instruments for SOFIAs cycle 4 observations are the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera-plus (HAWC+) and the Focal Plane Imager (FPI+). The latter is an integral part of the telescope assembly and is used on every SOFIA flight to ensure precise tracking on the desired targets. The FPI+ is used as a visual-light photometer in its role as facility science instrument. Since the upgrade of the FPI camera and electronics in 2013, it uses a thermo-electrically cooled science grade EMCCD sensor inside a commercial-off-the-shelf Andor camera. The back-illuminated sensor has a peak quantum efficiency of 95% and the dark current is as low as 0.01 e-/pix/sec. With this new hardware the telescope has successfully tracked on 16th magnitude stars and thus the sky coverage, e.g. the area of sky that has suitable tracking stars, has increased to 99%. Before its use as an integrated tracking imager, the same type of camera has been used as a standalone diagnostic tool to analyze the telescope pointing stability at frequencies up to 200 Hz (imaging with 400 fps). These measurements help to improve the telescope pointing control algorithms and therefore reduce the image jitter in the focal plane. Science instruments benefit from this improvement with smaller image sizes for longer exposure times. The FPI has also been used to support astronomical observations like stellar occultations by the dwarf planet Pluto and a number of exoplanet transits. Especially the observation of the occultation events benefit from the high camera sensitivity, fast readout capability and the low read noise which allow for a high time resolution on the photometric light curves. This paper will give an overview of the development from the standalone diagnostic camera to the upgraded guiding/tracking camera, fully integrated into the telescope, while still offering the diagnostic capabilities and finally to the use as a facility science instrument on SOFIA. C1 [Pfueller, Enrico; Wiedemann, Manuel; Wolf, Juergen; Krabbe, Alfred] Univ Stuttgart, Deutsch SOFIA Inst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Pfueller, Enrico; Wiedemann, Manuel; Wolf, Juergen] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA Sci Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Pfuller, E (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Deutsch SOFIA Inst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.; Pfuller, E (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA Sci Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM epfueller@dsi.uni-stuttgart.de NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99082W DI 10.1117/12.2233490 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100083 ER PT S AU Rebell, F Beckmann, S Bryant, A Colditz, S Fischer, C Fumi, F Geis, N Honle, R Iserlohe, C Klein, R Krabbe, A Looney, L Poglitsch, A Raab, W Savage, M AF Rebell, Felix Beckmann, Simon Bryant, Aaron Colditz, Sebastian Fischer, Christian Fumi, Fabio Geis, Norbert Hoenle, Rainer Iserlohe, Christof Klein, Randolf Krabbe, Alfred Looney, Leslie Poglitsch, Albrecht Raab, Walfried Savage, Maureen BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI FIFI-LS Diffraction Grating Vibration on SOFIA SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE FIFI LS; FIFI-LS; SOFIA; cryogenic mechanisms; vibration AB FIFI-LS (the Field Imaging Far Infrared Line Spectrometer for SOFIA) was successfully commissioned 2014 during six flights on SOFIA. The observed wavelengths are set by rotating reflective gratings. in flight these gratings and their rotating mechanisms are exposed to vibrations. To quantify these vibrations, an acceleration sensor was placed on the exterior of the instrument. Simultaneously, the angle sensor of the grating was read out to analyze the movement of the grating. Based on this data, lab measurements were conducted to evaluate the effect of the vibrations on the image quality of FIFI-LS. The submitted paper will present the measured data and show the results of the analysis. C1 [Rebell, Felix; Bryant, Aaron; Fumi, Fabio; Hoenle, Rainer; Krabbe, Alfred] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Space Syst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Geis, Norbert; Poglitsch, Albrecht] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Klein, Randolf; Savage, Maureen] NASA, Ames Res Ctr N232, SOFIA USRA, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Beckmann, Simon; Colditz, Sebastian; Fischer, Christian; Iserlohe, Christof; Krabbe, Alfred] Deutsch SOFIA Inst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Looney, Leslie] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Raab, Walfried] European Space Agcy, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. RP Rebell, F (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Inst Space Syst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. EM rebell@irs.uni-stuttgart.de FU Bundesministerium fuer Wirtschaft and Technologie (Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology of the Federal Republic of Germany) through the DLR Space Administration [500K1201] FX The whole team acknowledges the support of the Bundesministerium fuer Wirtschaft and Technologie (Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology of the Federal Republic of Germany) through the DLR Space Administration (Fund: 500K1201). NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99082D DI 10.1117/12.2231695 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100066 ER PT S AU Reinacher, A Lammen, Y Roeser, HP AF Reinacher, Andreas Lammen, Yannick Roeser, Hans-Peter BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI SOFIA's Secondary Mirror Assembly: In-Flight Performance and Control Approach SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE SOFIA; chopper; secondary mirror; control; performance AB The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) is a 2.5m infrared telescope built into a Boeing 747 SP. In 2014 SOFIA reached its Full Operational Capability milestone and nowadays takes off about three times a week to observe the infrared sky from altitudes above most of the atmosphere's water vapor content. An actively controlled 352mm SiC secondary mirror is used for infrared chopping with peak-to-peak amplitudes of up to 10 arcmin and chop frequencies of up to 20Hz and also as actuator for fast pointing corrections. The Swiss-made Secondary Mirror Mechanism (SMM) is a complex, highly integrated and compact flexure based mechanism that has been performing with remarkable reliability during recent years. Above mentioned capabilities are provided by the Tilt Chopper Mechanism (TCM) which is one of the two stages of the SMM. In addition the SMM is also used to establish a collimated telescope and to adjust the telescope focus depending on the structure's temperature which ranges from about 40 degrees C at takeoff in Palmdale, CA to about -40 degrees C in the stratosphere. This is achieved with the Focus Center Mechanism (FCM) which is the base stage of the SMM on which the TCM is situated. Initially the TCM was affected by strong vibrations at about 300 Hz which led to unacceptable image smearing. After some adjustments to the PID-type controller it was finally decided to develop a completely new control algorithm in state space. This pole placement controller matches the closed loop system poles to those of a Bessel filter with a corner frequency of 120 Hz for optimal square wave behavior. To reduce noise present on the position and current sensors and to estimate the velocity a static gain Kalman Filter was designed and implemented. A system inherent delay is incorporated in the Kalman filter design and measures were applied to counteract the actuators' hysteresis. For better performance over the full operational temperature range and to represent an amplitude dependent non-linearity the underlying model of the Kalman filter adapts in real-time to those two parameters. This highly specialized controller was developed over the course of years and only the final design is introduced here. The main intention of this contribution is to present the currently achieved performance of the SOFIA chopper over the full amplitude, frequency, and temperature range. Therefore a range of data gathered during in-flight tests aboard SOFIA is displayed and explained. The SMM's three main performance parameters are the transition time between two chop positions, the stability of the Secondary Mirror when exposed to the low pressures, low temperatures, aerodynamic, and aeroacoustic excitations present when the SOFIA observatory operates in the stratosphere at speeds of up to 850 km/h, and finally the closed-loop bandwidth available for fast pointing corrections. C1 [Reinacher, Andreas; Lammen, Yannick] Univ Stuttgart, Deutsch SOFIA Inst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Reinacher, Andreas; Lammen, Yannick] NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, SOFIA Airborne Syst Operat Ctr, Mail Stop AFRC Bldg 703,S241 POB 273, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA. [Roeser, Hans-Peter] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Space Syst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Reinacher, A (reprint author), Univ Stuttgart, Deutsch SOFIA Inst, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.; Reinacher, A (reprint author), NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, SOFIA Airborne Syst Operat Ctr, Mail Stop AFRC Bldg 703,S241 POB 273, Edwards AFB, CA 93523 USA. EM reinacher@dsi.uni-stuttgart.de NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99082V DI 10.1117/12.2232851 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100082 ER PT S AU Rizzo, MJ Rinehart, SA Dhabal, A Ade, P Benford, DJ Fixsen, DJ Griffin, M Juanola-Parramon, R Leisawitz, DT Maher, SF Mentzell, E Mundy, LG Papageorgiou, A Pascale, E Silverberg, RF Savini, G Staguhn, J Veach, TJ de Lorenzo, JVH AF Rizzo, Maxime J. Rinehart, S. A. Dhabal, A. Ade, P. Benford, D. J. Fixsen, D. J. Griffin, M. Juanola-Parramon, R. Leisawitz, D. T. Maher, S. F. Mentzell, E. Mundy, L. G. Papageorgiou, A. Pascale, E. Silverberg, R. F. Savini, G. Staguhn, J. Veach, T. J. de Lorenzo, J. Vila Hernandez BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI The Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry (BETTII): towards the first flight SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE BETTII; interferometry; balloon; far-infrared; star formation AB The Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry (BETTII) is a balloon-borne, far-infrared direct detection interferometer with a baseline of 8 m and two collectors of 50 cm. It is designed to study galactic clustered star formation by providing spatially-resolved spectroscopy of nearby star clusters. It is being assembled and tested at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for a first flight in Fall 2016. We report on recent progress concerning the pointing control system and discuss the overall status of the project as it gets ready for its commissioning flight. C1 [Rizzo, Maxime J.; Dhabal, A.; Mundy, L. G.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20721 USA. [Rinehart, S. A.; Benford, D. J.; Fixsen, D. J.; Leisawitz, D. T.; Maher, S. F.; Mentzell, E.; Silverberg, R. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ade, P.; Griffin, M.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pascale, E.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [Staguhn, J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Juanola-Parramon, R.; Veach, T. J.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, NASA, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Savini, G.] UCL, London, England. [de Lorenzo, J. Vila Hernandez] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Rinehart, SA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM stephen.a.rinehart@nasa.gov OI Savini, Giorgio/0000-0003-4449-9416 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99080S DI 10.1117/12.2231918 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100020 ER PT S AU Robertson, P Hearty, FR Anderson, TB Stefaansson, GK Levi, EI Bender, CF Mahadevan, S Halverson, SP Monson, AJ Ramsey, LW Roy, A Schwab, C Terrien, RC Nelson, MJ Blank, B AF Robertson, Paul Hearty, Frederick R. Anderson, Tyler B. Stefansson, Guomundur K. Levi, Eric I. Bender, Chad F. Mahadevan, Suvrath Halverson, Samuel P. Monson, Andrew J. Ramsey, Lawrence W. Roy, Arpita Schwab, Christian Terrien, Ryan C. Nelson, Matthew J. Blank, Basil BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI A system to provide sub-milliKelvin temperature control at T similar to 300K for extreme precision optical radial velocimetry SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Doppler spectrographs; Environment control systems; Temperature control; Vacuum systems AB We present preliminary results for the environmental control system from NEID, our instrument concept for NASA's Extreme Precision Doppler Spectrograph, which is now in development. Exquisite temperature control is a requirement for Doppler spectrographs, as small temperature shifts induce systematic Doppler shifts far exceeding the instrumental specifications. Our system is adapted from that of the Habitable Zone Planet Finder instrument, which operates at a temperature of 180K. We discuss system modifications for operation at T similar to 300K, and show data demonstrating sub-mK stability over two weeks from a full-scale system test. C1 [Robertson, Paul] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Robertson, Paul; Hearty, Frederick R.; Anderson, Tyler B.; Stefansson, Guomundur K.; Levi, Eric I.; Bender, Chad F.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Halverson, Samuel P.; Monson, Andrew J.; Ramsey, Lawrence W.; Roy, Arpita; Terrien, Ryan C.] Penn State Univ, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stefansson, Guomundur K.] Leifur Eirfksson Fdn, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Schwab, Christian] Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Terrien, Ryan C.] Univ Colorado, NIST, NRC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Nelson, Matthew J.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Blank, Basil] PulseRay, Beaver Dams, NY USA. RP Robertson, P (reprint author), NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA.; Robertson, P (reprint author), Penn State Univ, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM pmr19@psu.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 990862 DI 10.1117/12.2231311 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100173 ER PT S AU Schwab, C Rakich, A Gong, Q Mahadevan, S Halverson, SP Roy, A Terrien, RC Robertson, PM Hearty, FR Levi, EI Monson, AJ Wright, JT McElwain, MW Bender, CF Blake, CH Sturmer, J Gurevich, YV Chakraborty, A Ramsey, LW AF Schwab, C. Rakich, A. Gong, Q. Mahadevan, S. Halverson, S. P. Roy, A. Terrien, R. C. Robertson, P. M. Hearty, F. R. Levi, E. I. Monson, A. J. Wright, J. T. McElwain, M. W. Bender, C. F. Blake, C. H. Sturmer, J. Gurevich, Y. V. Chakraborty, A. Ramsey, L. W. BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Design of NEID, an extreme precision Doppler spectrograph for WIYN SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Echelle spectrograph; Doppler technique; radial velocities; exoplanets; fibre-fed spectrograph AB We have developed an optical design for a high resolution spectrograph in response to NASA's call for an extreme precision Doppler spectrometer (EPDS) for the WIYN telescope. Our instrument covers a wavelength range of 380 to 930 nm using a single detector and with a resolution of 100,000. To deliver the most stable spectrum, we avoid the use of an image slicer, in favor of a large (195 mm diameter) beam footprint on a 1x2 mosaic R4 Echelle grating. The optical design is based on a classic white pupil layout, with a single parabolic mirror that is used as the main and transfer collimator. Cross dispersion is provided by a single large PBM2Y glass prism. The refractive camera consists of only four rotationally symmetric lenses made from i-Line glasses, yet delivers very high image quality over the full spectral bandpass. We present the optical design of the main spectrograph bench and discuss the design trade-offs and expected performance. C1 [Schwab, C.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Schwab, C.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW, Australia. [Rakich, A.] Giant Magellan Telescope Org Corp, Pasadena, CA USA. [Gong, Q.; McElwain, M. W.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ExoPlanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Goddard, MD USA. [Mahadevan, S.; Halverson, S. P.; Roy, A.; Terrien, R. C.; Robertson, P. M.; Hearty, F. R.; Levi, E. I.; Monson, A. J.; Wright, J. T.; Bender, C. F.; Ramsey, L. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Blake, C. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Sturmer, J.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gurevich, Y. V.] ZAH Landessternwarte Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. [Chakraborty, A.] Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India. RP Schwab, C (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.; Schwab, C (reprint author), Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW, Australia. OI Wright, Jason/0000-0001-6160-5888 FU NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program FX This work was performed in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99087H DI 10.1117/12.2234411 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100210 ER PT S AU Siverd, RJ Brown, TM Hygelund, J Henderson, T Tufts, JR Eastman, JD van Eyken, J Barnes, S AF Siverd, Robert J. Brown, Timothy M. Hygelund, John. Henderson, Todd Tufts, Joseph R. Eastman, Jason D. van Eyken, Julian Barnes, Stuart BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI NRES: the Network of Robotic Echelle Spectrographs SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE LCOGT; NRES; echelle; fiber; exoplanet spectrograph; radial velocity; robotic ID TELESCOPE AB Las Cumbres Observatory Global Network (LCOGT) is building the Network of Robotic Echelle Spectrographs (NRES), which will consist of six identical, optical (390 - 860 nm) high-precision spectrographs, each fiber-fed simultaneously by up to two 1-meter telescopes and a thorium argon calibration source. We plan to install one at up to 6 observatory sites in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, creating a single, globally-distributed, autonomous spectrograph facility using up to twelve 1-meter telescopes. Simulations suggest we will achieve long-term radial velocity precision of 3 m/s in less than an hour for stars brighter than V = 12. We have been funded with NSF MRI and ATI grants, and expect our first spectrograph to be deployed in fall 2016, with the full network operation of 5 or 6 units beginning in 2017. We will briefly overview the NRES design, goals, robotic operation, and status. In addition, we will discuss early results from our prototype spectrograph, the laboratory and on-sky performance of our first production unit, and the ongoing software development effort to bring this resource online. C1 [Siverd, Robert J.; Brown, Timothy M.; Hygelund, John.; Henderson, Todd; Tufts, Joseph R.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Ste 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Eastman, Jason D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van Eyken, Julian] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, 770 South Wilson Ave,M-S 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Barnes, Stuart] Stuart Barnes Opt Design, NL-1094 NK Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Siverd, RJ (reprint author), Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, 6740 Cortona Dr,Ste 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. EM rsiverd@lcogt.net FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-1229720, AST-1508464] FX Funding for the NRES spectrographs was provided through MRI Grant AST-1229720 and ATI grant AST-1508464 from the National Science Foundation (NSF). We are grateful for their ongoing support. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99086X DI 10.1117/12.2233188 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100194 ER PT S AU Stefansson, GK Hearty, FR Robertson, PM Levi, EI Mahadevan, S Anderson, TB Monson, AJ Bender, CF Halverson, SP Li, YT Ramsey, LW Roy, A Schwab, C Terrien, RC Nelson, MJ Blank, B AF Stefansson, Gudmundur K. Hearty, Frederick R. Robertson, Paul M. Levi, Eric I. Mahadevan, Suvrath Anderson, Tyler B. Monson, Andrew J. Bender, Chad F. Halverson, Samuel P. Li, Yiting Ramsey, Lawrence W. Roy, Arpita Schwab, Christian Terrien, Ryan C. Nelson, Matthew J. Blank, Basil BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Ultra-stable temperature and pressure control for the Habitable zone Planet Finder spectrograph SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Doppler spectrographs; near infrared spectrographs; temperature-controlled instruments; pressure controlled instruments AB We present recent long-term stability test results of the cryogenic Environmental Control System (ECS) for the Habitable zone Planet Finder (HPF), a near infrared ultra-stable spectrograph operating at 180 Kelvin. Exquisite temperature and pressure stability is required for high precision radial velocity (< 1 m/s) instruments, as temperature and pressure variations can easily induce instrumental drifts of several tens-to-hundreds of meters per second. Here we present the results from long-term stability tests performed at the 180 K operating temperature of HPF, demonstrating that the HPF ECS is stable at the 0.6 mK level over 15-days, and < 10(-7) Torr over months. C1 [Stefansson, Gudmundur K.; Hearty, Frederick R.; Robertson, Paul M.; Levi, Eric I.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Anderson, Tyler B.; Monson, Andrew J.; Bender, Chad F.; Halverson, Samuel P.; Li, Yiting; Ramsey, Lawrence W.; Roy, Arpita; Terrien, Ryan C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stefansson, Gudmundur K.; Robertson, Paul M.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Bender, Chad F.; Halverson, Samuel P.; Ramsey, Lawrence W.; Roy, Arpita; Terrien, Ryan C.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Stefansson, Gudmundur K.; Schwab, Christian] Leifur Eiriksson Fdn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Robertson, Paul M.] NASA, Pasadena, CA USA. Macquarie Univ, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Terrien, Ryan C.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Boulder, CO USA. [Nelson, Matthew J.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Blank, Basil] PulseRay Inc, Beaver Dams, NY USA. RP Stefansson, GK (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Stefansson, GK (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Stefansson, GK (reprint author), Leifur Eiriksson Fdn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM gudmundur@psu.edu FU Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds; Pennsylvania State University; Eberly College of Science; Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium; NSF [AST 1006676, AST 1126413, AST 1310885]; JPL [1531858, 1547612]; Leifur Eiriksson Foundation; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program FX This work was partially supported by funding from the Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds. The Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds is supported by the Pennsylvania State University, the Eberly College of Science, and the Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium. HPF development is supported by NSF grants AST 1006676, AST 1126413, and AST 1310885. NEID development is supported by JPL subcontracts 1531858 and 1547612. Gudmundur acknowledges support from the Leifur Eiriksson Foundation. This work was performed in part under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 990871 DI 10.1117/12.2233443 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100198 ER PT S AU Tamura, N Takato, N Shimono, A Moritani, Y Yabe, K Ishizuka, Y Ueda, A Kamata, Y Aghazarian, H Arnouts, S Barban, G Barkhouser, RH Borges, RC Braun, DF Carr, MA Chabaud, PY Chang, YC Chen, HY Chiba, M Chou, RCY Chu, YH Cohen, JG de Almeida, RP de Oliveira, AC de Oliveira, LS Dekany, RG Dohlen, K dos Santos, JB dos Santos, LH Ellis, RS Fabricius, M Ferrand, D Ferreira, D Golebiowski, M Greene, JE Gross, J Gunn, JE Hammond, R Harding, A Hart, M Heckman, TM Hirata, CM Ho, P Hope, SC Hovland, L Hsu, SF Hui, YS Huang, PJ Jaquet, M Jing, YP Karr, J Kimura, M King, ME Komatsu, E Le Brun, V Le Fevre, O Le Fur, A Le Mignant, D Ling, HH Loomis, CP Lupton, RH Madec, F Mao, P Marrara, LS de Oliveira, CM Minowa, Y Morantz, CN Murayama, H Murray, GJ Ohyama, Y Orndorff, J Pascal, S Pereira, JM Reiley, DJ Reinecke, M Ritter, A Roberts, M Schwochertd, MA Seiffert, MD Smee, SA Sodre, L Spergel, DN Steinkraus, AJ Strauss, MA Surace, C Suto, Y Suzuki, N Swinbank, J Tait, PJ Takada, M Tamura, T Tanaka, Y Tresse, L Verducci, O Viberte, D Vidale, C Wang, SY Wen, CY Yan, CH Yasuda, N AF Tamura, Naoyuki Takato, Naruhisa Shimono, Atsushi Moritani, Yuki Yabe, Kiyoto Ishizuka, Yuki Ueda, Akitoshi Kamata, Yukiko Aghazarian, Hrand Arnouts, Stephane Barban, Gabriel Barkhouser, Robert H. Borges, Renato C. Braun, David F. Carr, Michael A. Chabaud, Pierre-Yves Chang, Yin-Chang Chen, Hsin-Yo Chiba, Masashi Chou, Richard C. Y. Chu, You-Hua Cohen, Judith G. de Almeida, Rodrigo P. de Oliveira, Antonio C. de Oliveira, Ligia S. Dekany, Richard G. Dohlen, Kjetil dos Santos, Jesulino B. dos Santos, Leandro H. Ellis, Richard S. Fabricius, Maximilian Ferrand, Didier Ferreira, Decio Golebiowski, Mirek Greene, Jenny E. Gross, Johannes Gunn, James E. Hammond, Randolph Harding, Albert Hart, Murdock Heckman, Timothy M. Hirata, Christopher M. Ho, Paul Hope, Stephen C. Hovland, Larry Hsu, Shu-Fu Hui, Yen-Shan Huang, Ping-Jie Jaquet, Marc Jing, Yipeng Karr, Jennifer Kimura, Masahiko King, Matthew E. Komatsu, Eiichiro Le Brun, Vincent Le Fevre, Olivier Le Fur, Arnaud Le Mignant, David Ling, Hung-Hsu Loomis, Craig P. Lupton, Robert H. Madec, Fabrice Mao, Peter Marrara, Lucas S. de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes Minowa, Yosuke Morantz, Chaz N. Murayama, Hitoshi Murray, Graham J. Ohyama, Youichi Orndorff, Joseph Pascal, Sandrine Pereira, Jefferson M. Reiley, Daniel J. Reinecke, Martin Ritter, Andreas Roberts, Mitsuko Schwochertd, Mark A. Seiffert, Michael D. Smee, Stephen A. Sodre, Laerte, Jr. Spergel, David N. Steinkraus, Aaron J. Strauss, Michael A. Surace, Christian Suto, Yasushi Suzuki, Nao Swinbank, John Tait, Philip J. Takada, Masahiro Tamura, Tomonori Tanaka, Yoko Tresse, Laurence Verducci, Orlando, Jr. Viberte, Didier Vidale, Clement Wang, Shiang-Yu Wen, Chih-Yi Yan, Chi-Hung Yasuda, Naoki BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) for the Subaru Telescope: Overview, recent progress, and future perspectives SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Subaru Telescope; future instrument; wide-field instrument; multi-object spectroscopy; optical and near-infrared spectroscopy; optical spectroscopy; near-infrared spectroscopy; international collaboration; optical fibers ID GALAXIES AB PFS (Prime Focus Spectrograph), a next generation facility instrument on the 8.2-meter Subaru Telescope, is a very wide-field, massively multiplexed, optical and near-infrared spectrograph. Exploiting the Subaru prime focus, 2394 reconfigurable fibers will be distributed over the 1.3 deg field of view. The spectrograph has been designed with 3 arms of blue, red, and near-infrared cameras to simultaneously observe spectra from 380nm to 1260nm in one exposure at a resolution of similar to 1.6-2.7 angstrom. An international collaboration is developing this instrument under the initiative of Kavli IPMU. The project is now going into the construction phase aiming at undertaking system integration in 2017-2018 and subsequently carrying out engineering operations in 2018-2019. This article gives an overview of the instrument, current project status and future paths forward. C1 [Tamura, Naoyuki; Shimono, Atsushi; Moritani, Yuki; Yabe, Kiyoto; Ishizuka, Yuki; Komatsu, Eiichiro; Murayama, Hitoshi; Suzuki, Nao; Takada, Masahiro; Yasuda, Naoki] Univ Tokyo, Univ Tokyo Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Univ WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Takato, Naruhisa; Fabricius, Maximilian; Minowa, Yosuke; Tait, Philip J.; Tamura, Tomonori; Tanaka, Yoko] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 650 North Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Ueda, Akitoshi; Kamata, Yukiko] Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Aghazarian, Hrand; Braun, David F.; Gross, Johannes; Hovland, Larry; King, Matthew E.; Morantz, Chaz N.; Schwochertd, Mark A.; Seiffert, Michael D.; Steinkraus, Aaron J.] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Arnouts, Stephane; Borges, Renato C.; Chabaud, Pierre-Yves; Dohlen, Kjetil; Ferrand, Didier; Jaquet, Marc; Le Brun, Vincent; Le Fevre, Olivier; Le Fur, Arnaud; Le Mignant, David; Madec, Fabrice; Pascal, Sandrine; Surace, Christian; Tresse, Laurence; Viberte, Didier; Vidale, Clement] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Barban, Gabriel; de Almeida, Rodrigo P.; de Oliveira, Antonio C.; de Oliveira, Ligia S.; dos Santos, Jesulino B.; dos Santos, Leandro H.; Ferreira, Decio; Marrara, Lucas S.; Pereira, Jefferson M.; Verducci, Orlando, Jr.] Lab Nacl Astroffs, BR-37504364 Itajuba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. [Barkhouser, Robert H.; Golebiowski, Mirek; Hammond, Randolph; Harding, Albert; Hart, Murdock; Heckman, Timothy M.; Hope, Stephen C.; Orndorff, Joseph; Smee, Stephen A.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Dept Phys & Astron, 3701 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Carr, Michael A.; Greene, Jenny E.; Gunn, James E.; Loomis, Craig P.; Lupton, Robert H.; Ritter, Andreas; Spergel, David N.; Strauss, Michael A.; Swinbank, John] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Chang, Yin-Chang; Chen, Hsin-Yo; Chou, Richard C. Y.; Chu, You-Hua; Ho, Paul; Hsu, Shu-Fu; Hui, Yen-Shan; Huang, Ping-Jie; Karr, Jennifer; Kimura, Masahiko; Ling, Hung-Hsu; Ohyama, Youichi; Wang, Shiang-Yu; Wen, Chih-Yi; Yan, Chi-Hung] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei, Taiwan. [Chiba, Masashi] Tohoku Univ, Astron Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Cohen, Judith G.; Dekany, Richard G.; Mao, Peter; Reiley, Daniel J.; Roberts, Mitsuko] CALTECH, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ellis, Richard S.] ESO, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ellis, Richard S.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Hirata, Christopher M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, 191 West Woodruff Lane, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jing, Yipeng] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Komatsu, Eiichiro; Reinecke, Martin] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes; Sodre, Laerte, Jr.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, Dept Astron, Rua Matao 1226,Cidade Univ, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Murayama, Hitoshi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Murayama, Hitoshi] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Murray, Graham J.] Univ Durham, Ctr Adv Instrumentat, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Suto, Yasushi] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Suto, Yasushi] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Univ, Sch Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Tresse, Laurence] Univ Lyon 1, Ens Lyon, CNRS, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon,UMR5574, F-69007 Lyon, France. RP Tamura, N (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Univ Tokyo Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Univ WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. EM naoyuki.tamura@ipmu.jp NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR UNSP 99081M DI 10.1117/12.2232103 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100043 ER PT S AU Toy, VL Kutyrev, AS Capone, JI Hams, T Robinson, FD Lotkin, GN Veilleux, S Moseley, SH Gehrels, NA Vogel, SN AF Toy, Vicki L. Kutyrev, Alexander S. Capone, John I. Hams, Thomas Robinson, F. David Lotkin, Gennadiy N. Veilleux, Sylvain Moseley, Samuel H. Gehrels, Neil A. Vogel, Stuart N. BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI H2RG detector characterization for RIMAS and instrument efficiencies SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE detectors; RIMAS; photometry; GRB; infrared; efficiency; H2RG; HXRG AB The Rapid infrared IMAger-Spectrometer (RIMAS) is a near-infrared (NIR) imager and spectrometer that will quickly follow up gamma-ray burst afterglows on the 4.3-meter Discovery Channel Telescope (DCT). RIMAS has two optical arms which allows simultaneous coverage over two bandpasses (YJ and HK) in either imaging or spectroscopy mode. RIMAS utilizes two Teledyne HgCdTe H2RG detectors controlled by Astronomical Research Cameras, Inc. (ARC/Leach) drivers. We report the laboratory characterization of RIMAS's detectors: conversion gain, read noise, linearity, saturation, dynamic range, and dark current. We also present RIMAS's instrument efficiency from atmospheric transmission models and optics data (both telescope and instrument) in all three observing modes. C1 [Toy, Vicki L.; Kutyrev, Alexander S.; Capone, John I.; Moseley, Samuel H.; Vogel, Stuart N.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Kutyrev, Alexander S.; Hams, Thomas; Robinson, F. David; Lotkin, Gennadiy N.; Moseley, Samuel H.; Gehrels, Neil A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Veilleux, Sylvain] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Toy, VL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM vtoy@astro.umd.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX12AL70H]; NSP/AT1 [1207785] FX We would like to thank NASA ddard's Detector Characterization Laboratory (DCL) for their time, expertise, and advice in running the HAWAII-2RG detectors, in particular Augustyn Waczynski. We also thank Chris Bebek for loaning RIMAS one of the SNAP HAWAII-2RG detectors. This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program (Grant NNX12A1,70H) to VT. VT,JC, and SV were partially supported by NSP/AT1 grant 1207785. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 990831 DI 10.1117/12.2230181 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100100 ER PT S AU Wang, SY Schwochert, MA Huang, PJ Chen, HY Kimura, M Chou, RCY Chang, YC Hua, YS Ling, HH Morantz, CN Reiley, DJ Mao, P Braun, DF Wen, CY Yan, CH Karr, J Gunn, JE Murray, G Tamura, N Takato, N Shimono, A Ferreira, D dos Santos, LH Oliveira, LS de Oliveira, AC Marrara, LS AF Wang, Shiang-Yu Schwochert, Mark A. Huang, Pin-Jie Chen, Hsin-Yo Kimura, Masahiko Chou, Richard C. Y. Chang, Yin-Chang Hua, Yen-Sang Ling, Hung-Hsu Morantz, Chaz N. Reiley, Dan J. Mao, Peter Braun, David F. Wen, Chih-Yi Yan, Chi-Hung Karr, Jennifer Gunn, James E. Murray, Graham Tamura, Naoyuki Takato, Naruhisa Shimono, Atsushi Ferreira, Decio dos Santos, Leandro Henrique Oliveira, Ligia Souza de Oliveira, Antonio Cesar Marrara, Lucas Souza BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI The Current Status of Prime Focus Instrument of Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Prime Focus; mechanical structure; guiding camera; multi-fiber; spectrograph AB The Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) is a new optical/near-infrared multi-fiber spectrograph design for the prime focus of the 8.2m Subaru telescope. PFS will cover 1.3 degree diameter field with 2394 fibers to complement the imaging capability of Hyper SuprimeCam (HSC). The prime focus unit of PFS called Prime Focus Instrument (PFI) provides the interface with the top structure of Subaru telescope and also accommodates the optical bench in which Cobra fiber positioners are located. In addition, the acquisition and guiding cameras (AGCs), the optical fiber positioner system, the cable wrapper, the fiducial fibers, illuminator, and viewer, the field element, and the telemetry system are located inside the PFI. The mechanical structure of the PFI was designed with special care such that its deflections sufficiently match those of the HSC's Wide Field Corrector (WFC) so the fibers will stay on targets over the course of the observations within the required accuracy. In this report, the latest status of PFI development will be given including the performance of PFI components, the setup and performance of the integration and testing equipment. C1 [Wang, Shiang-Yu; Huang, Pin-Jie; Chen, Hsin-Yo; Kimura, Masahiko; Chou, Richard C. Y.; Chang, Yin-Chang; Hua, Yen-Sang; Ling, Hung-Hsu; Wen, Chih-Yi; Yan, Chi-Hung; Karr, Jennifer] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei, Taiwan. [Schwochert, Mark A.; Morantz, Chaz N.; Braun, David F.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Reiley, Dan J.; Mao, Peter] CALTECH, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Gunn, James E.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Murray, Graham] Univ Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Tamura, Naoyuki; Shimono, Atsushi] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Univ WPI, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Takato, Naruhisa] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 650 North Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI USA. [Ferreira, Decio; dos Santos, Leandro Henrique; Oliveira, Ligia Souza; de Oliveira, Antonio Cesar; Marrara, Lucas Souza] Lab Nacl Astrofis, BR-37504364 Itajuba, MG, Brazil. RP Wang, SY (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei, Taiwan. EM sywang@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 990882 DI 10.1117/12.2232044 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100227 ER PT S AU Zhai, CX Shao, M Biswas, A Ely, T Jacobs, C Lazio, J Martin-Mur, T Owen, W Rud, M Saini, N Sandhu, J Turyshev, S Werne, T AF Zhai, Chengxing Shao, Michael Biswas, Abhijit Ely, Todd Jacobs, Christopher Lazio, Joseph Martin-Mur, Tomas Owen, William Rud, Mike Saini, Navtej Sandhu, Jagmit Turyshev, Slava Werne, Thomas BE Evans, CJ Simard, L Takami, H TI Nanoradian ground-based astrometry, optical navigation, and artificial reference stars SO GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VI CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Ground-based astrometry; optical navigation; narrow angle astrometry; artificial reference stars ID ACCURACY; LIMITATIONS AB Spacecraft carrying optical communication lasers can be treated as artificial stars, whose relative astrometry to Gaia reference stars provides spacecraft positions in the plane-of-sky for optical navigation. To be comparable to current Deep Space Network delta-Differential One-way Ranging measurements, thus sufficient for navigation, nanoradian optical astrometry is required. Here we describe our error budget, techniques for achieving nanoradian level ground-base astrometry, and preliminary results from a 1 m telescope. We discuss also how these spacecraft may serve as artificial reference stars for adaptive optics, high precision astrometry to detect exoplanets, and tying reference frames defined by radio and optical measurements. C1 [Zhai, Chengxing; Shao, Michael; Biswas, Abhijit; Ely, Todd; Jacobs, Christopher; Lazio, Joseph; Martin-Mur, Tomas; Owen, William; Rud, Mike; Saini, Navtej; Sandhu, Jagmit; Turyshev, Slava; Werne, Thomas] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Zhai, CX (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM chengxing.zhai@jpl.nasa.gov FU JPL strategic R&TD under the initiative Navigation and Science in the Optical Era of the Interplanetary Network directory FX We would like to thank Bob Preston at JPL for insightful discussions. This task is funded by JPL strategic R&TD under the initiative Navigation and Science in the Optical Era of the Interplanetary Network directory. The work described here was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California. Institute of 'Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Copyright 2016. Government sponsorship acknowledged. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0196-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9908 AR 99085B DI 10.1117/12.2233689 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG7NF UT WOS:000391509100149 ER PT S AU Nicholson, DE Bass, MA Mabe, JH Benafan, O Padula, SA Vaidyanathan, R AF Nicholson, Douglas E. Bass, Micheal A. Mabe, James H. Benafan, Othmane Padula, Santo A., II Vaidyanathan, Raj GP ASME TI HEATING AND LOADING PATHS TO OPTIMIZE THE PERFORMANCE OF TRAINED SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY TORSIONAL ACTUATORS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2016, VOL 1 SE Proceedings of the ASME Conference on Smart Materials Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY SEP 28-30, 2016 CL Stowe, VT SP ASME, Aerosp Div ID NITI; DEFORMATION AB Near-equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) torsional tube actuators were trained for two-way shape memory effect (TWSME) by repeated thermal cycling under an isobaric load. Performance of the trained actuators was assessed by thermally cycling through a complete phase transformation under a range of isobaric loads that varied from negative to positive and included loads near zero. To assess the actuation performance of the trained SMA components, extended isobaric thermal cycling and cycling under varying loads to constant strain limits was performed. Additionally, isothermal loading was applied in the fully martensitic state prior to and following training. Results show stable TWSME when cycling under significant isobaric loading in the trained direction, however at low or negative loads (loads applied opposite to the training direction) a degradation of TWSME occurred during thermal cycling. Isothermal loading showed that martensite variant reorientation and detwinning was redistributed in the trained actuator when compared to an untrained actuator. Thermal cycling against constant strain limits was shown to have a negligible effect on the stability of the TWSME and overall performance of the trained actuator. Various combinations of isothermal and isobaric loading were shown to expand the operating range at low and negative loads. Additionally, load paths were identified which limit the degradation of TWSME over extended cycling. The aforementioned results are discussed in the context of the correlation between uniaxial isobaric and isothermal loading and texture measurements obtained by in-situ neutron diffraction at stress and temperature. These results show various thermomechanical combinations of heating and loading sequences that yield the same final martensite texture in SMA, which highlights the ability to take different paths yet still obtain the desired actuator response while minimizing irrecoverable deformation mechanisms. The implications of extending these uniaxial results to the design and fabrication and ultimately improving the performance of torsional SMA actuators are discussed. C1 [Nicholson, Douglas E.; Bass, Micheal A.; Mabe, James H.] Boeing Co, Berkeley, MO 63134 USA. [Benafan, Othmane; Padula, Santo A., II] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Vaidyanathan, Raj] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Nicholson, DE (reprint author), Boeing Co, Berkeley, MO 63134 USA. FU NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program; Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE); DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX The authors would like to acknowledge support from the NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program. The neutron diffraction experiments have benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE, which is funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DOE). LANL is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work has also benefited from the use Spallation Neutron Source at ORNL, which is funded by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 2153-2001 BN 978-0-7918-5048-0 J9 PROC ASME CONF SMART PY 2016 AR V001T02A008 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BG8KA UT WOS:000392361000027 ER PT S AU Scholten, W Patterson, R Hartl, D Strganac, T Volpi, J Chapelon, Q Turner, T AF Scholten, William Patterson, Ryan Hartl, Darren Strganac, Thomas Volpi, Jeff Chapelon, Quentin Turner, Travis GP ASME TI NOISE REDUCTION IN A HIGH LIFT WING USING SMAS: COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2016, VOL 1 SE Proceedings of the ASME Conference on Smart Materials Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY SEP 28-30, 2016 CL Stowe, VT SP ASME, Aerosp Div AB The leading-edge-slat on an aircraft is a significant contributor to the airframe noise during the low speed maneuvers of approach and landing. It has been shown in previous work that the slat noise may be reduced with a slat-cove filler (SCF). The objective of this current work is to determine how the SMA SCF behaves under steady flow using finite element structural models and finite volume (FV) fluid models based on a scaled wind tunnel model of a newly considered multi-element wing with a SCE Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the wing is conducted at multiple angles of attack, different flow speeds and high lift device deployment states. The FV fluid models make use of overset meshes, which overlap a slave mesh (that can undergo movement and deformation) unto a fixed master mesh, allowing for retraction and deployment of the slat and flap in the CFD analysis. The structural and fluid models are linked using a previously developed framework that permits the use of custom user material subroutines (for superelastic response of the SMA material) in the structural model, allowing for the performance of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis. The fluid and structural solvers are weakly coupled such that the fluid solver transfers pressure data and the structural solver transfers displacements, but the physical quantities of each program are solved independently. FSI results are shown for the cases of the slat/SCF in the fully-deployed configuration as well as for the case of the slat/SCF undergoing retraction in flow. C1 [Scholten, William; Patterson, Ryan; Hartl, Darren; Strganac, Thomas] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Volpi, Jeff; Chapelon, Quentin] ENISE, Dept Mech Engn, St Etienne, France. [Turner, Travis] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Struct Acoust Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Scholten, W (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 2153-2001 BN 978-0-7918-5048-0 J9 PROC ASME CONF SMART PY 2016 AR V001T02A009 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BG8KA UT WOS:000392361000028 ER PT S AU Wheeler, RW Benafan, O Gao, XJ Calkins, FT Ghanbari, Z Hommer, G Lagoudas, D Petersen, A Pless, JM Stebner, AP Turner, TL AF Wheeler, Robert W. Benafan, Othmane Gao, Xiujie Calkins, Frederick T. Ghanbari, Zahra Hommer, Garrison Lagoudas, Dimitris Petersen, Andrew Pless, Jennifer M. Stebner, Aaron P. Turner, Travis L. GP ASME TI ENGINEERING DESIGN TOOLS FOR SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY ACTUATORS: CASMART COLLABORATIVE BEST PRACTICES AND CASE STUDIES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2016, VOL 1 SE Proceedings of the ASME Conference on Smart Materials Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY SEP 28-30, 2016 CL Stowe, VT SP ASME, Aerosp Div DE CASMART; shape memory alloy (SMA); design tools; actuator design; solid state actuators ID CONSTITUTIVE MODEL AB The primary goal of the Consortium for the Advancement of Shape Memory Alloy Research and Technology (CASMART) is to enable the design of revolutionary applications based on shape memory alloy (SMA) technology. In order to help realize this goal and reduce the development time and required experience for the fabrication of SMA actuation systems, several modeling tools have been developed for common actuator types and are discussed herein along with case studies, which highlight the capabilities and limitations of these tools. Due to their ability to sustain high stresses and recover large deformations, SMAs have many potential applications as reliable, lightweight, solid-state actuators. Their advantage over classical actuators can also be further improved when the actuator geometry is modified to fit the specific application. In this paper, three common actuator designs are studied: wires, which are lightweight, low-profile, and easily implemented; springs, which offer actuation strokes upwards of 200% at reduced mechanical loads; and torque tubes, which can provide large actuation forces in small volumes and develop a repeatable zero-load actuation response (known as the two-way shape memory effect). The modeling frameworks, which have been implemented in the design tools, are developed for each of these frequently used SMA actuator types. In order to demonstrate the versatility and flexibility of the presented design tools, as well as validate their modeling framework, several design challenges were completed. These case studies include the design and development of an active hinge for the deployment of a solar array or foldable space structure, an adaptive solar array deployment and positioning system, a passive air temperature controller for the regulation of flow temperatures inside of a jet engine, and a redesign of the Corvette active hatch, which allows for pressure equalization of the car interior. For each of the presented case studies, a prototype or proof-of-concept was fabricated and the experimental results and lessons learned are discussed. This analysis presents a collection of CASMART collaborative best practices in order to allow readers to utilize the available design tools and understand their modeling principles. These design tools, which are based on engineering models, can provide first -order optimal designs and are a basic and efficient method for either demonstrating design feasibility or refining design parameters. Although the design and integration of an SMA-based actuation system always requires application- and environment-specific engineering considerations, common modeling tools can significantly reduce the investment required for actuation system development and provide valuable engineering insight. C1 [Wheeler, Robert W.; Lagoudas, Dimitris; Pless, Jennifer M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Benafan, Othmane] NASA, Struct & Mat Div, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Gao, Xiujie] Gen Motors R&D, Warren, MI USA. [Calkins, Frederick T.] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA USA. [Ghanbari, Zahra] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Hommer, Garrison; Stebner, Aaron P.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Mech Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Petersen, Andrew] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Turner, Travis L.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Struct Acoust Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Wheeler, RW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 2153-2001 BN 978-0-7918-5048-0 J9 PROC ASME CONF SMART PY 2016 AR V001T04A010-2 PG 21 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA BG8KA UT WOS:000392361000044 ER PT S AU Balas, MJ Frost, SA AF Balas, Mark J. Frost, Susan A. GP ASME TI ADAPTIVE TRACKING CONTROL FOR LINEAR INFINITE DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2016, VOL 2 SE Proceedings of the ASME Conference on Smart Materials Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY SEP 28-30, 2016 CL Stowe, VT SP ASME, Aerosp Div AB Tracking an ensemble of basic signals is often required of control systems in general. Here we are given a linear continuous-time infinite-dimensional plant on a Hilbert space and a space of tracking signals generated by a finite basis, and we show that there exists a stabilizing direct adaptive control law that will stabilize the plant and cause it to asymptotically track any member of this collection of signals. The plant is described by a closed, densely defined linear operator that generates a continuous semigroup of bounded operators on the Hilbert space of states. There is no state or parameter estimation used in this adaptive approach. Our results are illustrated by adaptive control of general linear diffusion systems. C1 [Balas, Mark J.] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. [Frost, Susan A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Balas, MJ (reprint author), Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 2153-2001 BN 978-0-7918-5049-7 J9 PROC ASME CONF SMART PY 2016 AR V002T03A009 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BG8KC UT WOS:000392361800009 ER PT S AU Nielsen, EJ AF Nielsen, Eric J. GP ASME TI ADJOINT-BASED AERODYNAMIC DESIGN OF COMPLEX AEROSPACE CONFIGURATIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME FLUIDS ENGINEERING DIVISION SUMMER MEETING, 2016, VOL 1A SE ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting CY JUL 10-14, 2016 CL Washington, DC SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div ID UNSTEADY TURBULENT FLOWS; UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; OPTIMIZATION; DIFFERENTIATION; ALGORITHM; OPERATORS; EQUATIONS; VARIABLES; IMPLICIT AB An overview of twenty years of adjoint-based aerodynamic design research at NASA Langley Research Center is presented. Adjoint-based algorithms provide a powerful tool for efficient sensitivity analysis of complex large-scale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Unlike alternative approaches for which computational expense generally scales with the number of design parameters, adjoint techniques yield sensitivity derivatives of a simulation output with respect to all input parameters at the cost of a single additional simulation. With modern large-scale CFD applications often requiring millions of compute hours for a single analysis, the efficiency afforded by ad joint methods is critical in realizing a computationally tractable design optimization capability for such applications. C1 [Nielsen, Eric J.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Computat AeroSci Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Nielsen, EJ (reprint author), NASA Langley Res Ctr, Computat AeroSci Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM Eric.J.Nielsen@nasa.gov NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1093-4928 BN 978-0-7918-5028-2 J9 ASME FLUID ENG DIV PY 2016 AR V01AT12A001 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA BG8JS UT WOS:000392354900072 ER PT S AU Iturbe, X Keymeulen, D Yiu, P Berisford, D Carlson, R Hand, K Ozer, E AF Iturbe, Xabier Keymeulen, Didier Yiu, Patrick Berisford, Daniel Carlson, Robert Hand, Kevin Ozer, Emre BE Shin, Y Tsui, CY Kim, JJ Choi, K Reis, R TI On the Use of System-on-Chip Technology in Next-Generation Instruments Avionics for Space Exploration SO VLSI-SOC: DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY, SECURITY, AND LOW POWER SE IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd IFIP WG 10.5/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI-SoC) CY OCT 05-07, 2015 CL Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA SP Int Federat Informat Proc TC 10 Working Grp 10 5, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Seoul Natl Univ, Embedded Syst Res Ctr, IEEE Council Elect Design Automat, IEEE Circuits & Syst Soc, Korean Inst Informat Scientists & Engineers, ACM Special Interest Grp Design Automat DE Fault-tolerance; Avionics; System-on-chip integration; ARM processor; Signal processing AB System-on-Chip (SoC) technology enables integrating all the functionality required to control and process science data delivered by space instruments in a single silicon chip (e.g., microprocessor + programmable logic). This chapter discusses the implications of using this technology in deep-space exploration avionics, namely in the next generation of NASA science instruments that will be used to explore our Solar system. We present here our experience at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) using Xilinx Zynq SoC devices to implement the data processing of a Fourier transform spectrometer, namely the Compositional InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer (CIRIS). Besides, we also discuss the different fault-tolerance techniques that have been implemented in the CIRIS controller SoC to deal with harsh radiation conditions prevailing in deep-space environments. C1 [Iturbe, Xabier; Ozer, Emre] ARM Res, Cambridge, England. [Keymeulen, Didier; Berisford, Daniel; Carlson, Robert; Hand, Kevin] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Yiu, Patrick] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Iturbe, X (reprint author), ARM Res, Cambridge, England. EM xabier.iturbe@arm.com; didier.keymeulen@jpl.nasa.gov; pyiu@mit.edu; emre.ozer@arm.com FU European Commission's FP7 Marie-Curie International Outgoing Fellowship Program [627579] FX The research described in this chapter was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Xabier Iturbe is funded by the European Commission's FP7 Marie-Curie International Outgoing Fellowship Program with "Project No. 627579". NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1868-4238 BN 978-3-319-46097-0; 978-3-319-46096-3 J9 IFIP ADV INF COMM TE PY 2016 VL 483 BP 1 EP 22 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-46097-0_1 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BG8FI UT WOS:000392266400001 ER PT J AU Layman, L Nikora, AP Meek, J Menzies, T AF Layman, Lucas Nikora, Allen P. Meek, Joshua Menzies, Tim GP ACM TI Topic Modeling of NASA Space System Problem Reports SO 13TH WORKING CONFERENCE ON MINING SOFTWARE REPOSITORIES (MSR 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR) CY MAY 14-15, 2016 CL Austin, TX SP SIGSOFT, Microsoft Res, IEEE Comp Soc, Assoc Comp Machinery, IEEE Tech Council Software Engn, Special Interest Grp Software Engn DE topic modeling; data mining; defects; natural language processing; LDA ID LATENT DIRICHLET ALLOCATION; DEFECT REPORTS; RETRIEVAL AB Problem reports at NASA are similar to bug reports: they capture defects found during test, post-launch operational anomalies, and document the investigation and corrective action of the issue. These artifacts are a rich source of lessons learned for NASA, but are expensive to analyze since problem reports are comprised primarily of natural language text. We apply topic modeling to a corpus of NASA problem reports to extract trends in testing and operational failures. We collected 16,669 problem reports from six NASA space flight missions and applied Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic modeling to the document corpus. We analyze the most popular topics within and across missions, and how popular topics changed over the lifetime of a mission. We find that hardware material and flight software issues are common during the integration and testing phase, while ground station software and equipment issues are more common during the operations phase. We identify a number of challenges in topic modeling for trend analysis: 1) that the process of selecting the topic modeling parameters lacks de finitive guidance, 2) de fining semantically-meaningful topic labels requires non-trivial effort and domain expertise, 3) topic models derived from the combined corpus of the six missions were biased toward the larger missions, and 4) topics must be semantically distinct as well as cohesive to be useful. Nonetheless, topic modeling can identify problem themes within missions and across mission lifetimes, providing useful feedback to engineers and project managers. C1 [Layman, Lucas; Meek, Joshua] Fraunhofer CESE, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Nikora, Allen P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Menzies, Tim] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Layman, L (reprint author), Fraunhofer CESE, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM llayman@cese.fraunhofer.org; allen.p.nikora@jpl.nasa.gov; jmeek@fc-md.umd.edu; tim@menzies.us NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4186-8 PY 2016 BP 303 EP 314 DI 10.1145/2901739.2901760 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BG7QF UT WOS:000391614700029 ER PT J AU Oktem, FS Kamalabadi, F Davila, JM AF Oktem, Figen S. Kamalabadi, Farzad Davila, Joseph M. GP IEEE TI Computational Spectral Imaging with Photon Sieves SO 2016 24TH SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION APPLICATION CONFERENCE (SIU) LA Turkish DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Signal Processing and Communication Application Conference (SIU) CY MAY 16-19, 2016 CL Zonguldak, TURKEY SP IEEE, Bulent Ecevit Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Bulent Ecevit Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Bulent Ecevit Univ, Dept Comp Engn DE spectral imaging; inverse problems; computational imaging; image formation; remote sensing ID IMAGES AB Spectral imaging, the sensing of spatial information as a function of wavelength, is a widely used diagnostic technique in diverse fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, astronomy, and remote sensing. In this paper, we present a novel computational imaging modality that enables high-resolution spectral imaging by distributing the imaging task between a photon sieve system and a computer. The photon sieve system, coupled with a moving detector, provides measurements from multiple planes. Then an inverse problem is solved in a Bayesian estimation framework to reconstruct the multi-spectral images from these superimposed and blurred measurements. The results illustrate that this technique enables higher spatial and spectral resolution than conventional filtered-based spectral imagers. C1 [Oktem, Figen S.] Orta Dogu Tekn Univ, Elekt & Elektron Muhendisligi Bolumu, Ankara, Turkey. [Kamalabadi, Farzad] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Davila, Joseph M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Oktem, FS (reprint author), Orta Dogu Tekn Univ, Elekt & Elektron Muhendisligi Bolumu, Ankara, Turkey. EM figeno@metu.edu.tr; farzadk@illinois.edu; joseph.m.davila@nasa.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1679-2 PY 2016 BP 425 EP 428 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG7EP UT WOS:000391250900084 ER PT S AU Allan, GR Abshire, JB Stephen, MA Ramanathan, A Riris, H Hasselbrack, W Chen, J Yu, A Sung, XL Numata, K Wu, S AF Allan, Graham R. Abshire, James B. Stephen, Mark A. Ramanathan, Anand Riris, Hans Hasselbrack, William Chen, Jeffrey Yu, Anthony Sun, Xiaoli Numata, Kenji Wu, Stewart GP IEEE TI CO2 Sounder Lidar Development at NASA-GSFC for the ASCENDS Mission SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB We have advanced the science of space-based laser measurements using the spectral purity and frequency tuning of a fiber-amplified lasers performing active remote sensing of atmospheric CO2 column abundance and dry mixing ratio. C1 [Allan, Graham R.; Abshire, James B.; Stephen, Mark A.; Ramanathan, Anand; Riris, Hans; Hasselbrack, William; Chen, Jeffrey; Yu, Anthony; Sun, Xiaoli; Numata, Kenji; Wu, Stewart] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Allan, Graham R.; Hasselbrack, William] Sigma Space Inc, Goddard Code 694, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Abshire, James B.; Riris, Hans; Sun, Xiaoli] Solar Syst Explorat Div, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Ramanathan, Anand] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, Goddard Code 694, College Pk, MD USA. [Stephen, Mark A.; Chen, Jeffrey; Yu, Anthony; Numata, Kenji; Wu, Stewart] NASA Goddard, Lasers & Electroopt Branch, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Allan, GR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Allan, GR (reprint author), Sigma Space Inc, Goddard Code 694, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM graham.allan@nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286403059 ER PT S AU Jayasekara, C Premaratne, M Gunapala, SD Stockman, MI AF Jayasekara, Charith Premaratne, Malin Gunapala, Sarath D. Stockman, Mark I. GP IEEE TI Is MoS2 better for spasers than graphene? SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB We show a circular shaped MoS2 spasers perform better compared with similar designs using graphene in terms of mode energy, electric filed intensity and operating thresholds. C1 [Jayasekara, Charith; Premaratne, Malin] Monash Univ, Adv Comp & Simulat Lab AxL, Dept Elect & Comp Syst Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Gunapala, Sarath D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Stockman, Mark I.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Jayasekara, C (reprint author), Monash Univ, Adv Comp & Simulat Lab AxL, Dept Elect & Comp Syst Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM charith.jayasekara@monash.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286401003 ER PT S AU Riris, H Numata, K Wu, S Gonzalez, B Rodriguez, M Molly, F Yu, A Stephen, M Mao, JP AF Riris, Haris Numata, Kenji Wu, Stewart Gonzalez, Brayler Rodriguez, Mike Molly, Fahey Yu, Anthony Stephen, Mark Mao, Jianping GP IEEE TI A Methane Lidar for Greenhouse Gas Measurements SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB Atmospheric methane is the second most important greenhouse gas with 25 times the radiative forcing of carbon dioxide. We will present results from an airborne campaign using a lidar at 1.65 mu m using optical parametric generation. C1 [Riris, Haris; Numata, Kenji; Wu, Stewart; Gonzalez, Brayler; Molly, Fahey; Yu, Anthony; Stephen, Mark] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Rodriguez, Mike] Sigma Space Inc, 4600 Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Mao, Jianping] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Riris, H (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Haris.Riris@nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286400037 ER PT S AU Shalm, LK Meyer-Scott, E Christensen, BG Bierhorst, P Wayne, MA Stevens, MJ Gerrits, T Glancy, S Hamel, DR Allman, MS Coakley, KJ Dyer, SD Hodge, C Lita, AE Verma, VB Lambrocco, C Tortorici, E Migdall, AL Zhang, YB Kumor, DR Farr, WH Marsili, F Shaw, MD Stern, JA Abellan, C Amaya, W Pruneri, V Jennewein, T Mitchell, MW Kwiat, PG Bienfang, JC Mirin, RP Knill, E Nam, SW AF Shalm, Lynden K. Meyer-Scott, Evan Christensen, Bradley G. Bierhorst, Peter Wayne, Michael A. Stevens, Martin J. Gerrits, Thomas Glancy, Scott Hamel, Deny R. Allman, Michael S. Coakley, Kevin J. Dyer, Shellee D. Hodge, Carson Lita, Adriana E. Verma, Varun B. Lambrocco, Camilla Tortorici, Edward Migdall, Alan L. Zhang, Yanbao Kumor, Daniel R. Farr, William H. Marsili, Francesco Shaw, Matthew D. Stern, Jeffrey A. Abellan, Carlos Amaya, Waldimar Pruneri, Valerio Jennewein, Thomas Mitchell, Morgan W. Kwiat, Paul G. Bienfang, Joshua C. Mirin, Richard P. Knill, Emanuel Nam, Sae Woo GP IEEE TI A strong loophole-free test of local realism SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB We performed an loophole-free test of Bells inequalities. The probability that local realism is compatible with our results is less than 5.9x10(-9). C1 [Shalm, Lynden K.; Bierhorst, Peter; Stevens, Martin J.; Gerrits, Thomas; Glancy, Scott; Allman, Michael S.; Coakley, Kevin J.; Dyer, Shellee D.; Hodge, Carson; Lita, Adriana E.; Verma, Varun B.; Lambrocco, Camilla; Tortorici, Edward; Mirin, Richard P.; Knill, Emanuel; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Meyer-Scott, Evan; Zhang, Yanbao; Jennewein, Thomas] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, 200 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Meyer-Scott, Evan; Zhang, Yanbao; Jennewein, Thomas] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, 200 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Christensen, Bradley G.; Wayne, Michael A.; Kumor, Daniel R.; Kwiat, Paul G.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wayne, Michael A.; Bienfang, Joshua C.] NIST, 100 Bur Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Hamel, Deny R.] Univ Moncton, Dept Phys & Astron, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada. [Migdall, Alan L.; Bienfang, Joshua C.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Migdall, Alan L.; Bienfang, Joshua C.] Univ Maryland, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Farr, William H.; Marsili, Francesco; Shaw, Matthew D.; Stern, Jeffrey A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Abellan, Carlos; Amaya, Waldimar; Pruneri, Valerio; Mitchell, Morgan W.] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, ICFO Inst Ciencies Foton, Castelldefels 08860, Barcelona, Spain. [Amaya, Waldimar; Pruneri, Valerio; Mitchell, Morgan W.] ICREA, Barcelona 08015, Spain. [Jennewein, Thomas] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Quantum Informat Sci Program, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Shalm, LK (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM lks@nist.gov RI Hamel, Deny/C-7071-2017 OI Hamel, Deny/0000-0002-4788-7548 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286401169 ER PT S AU Shao, M Turyshev, S Zhai, CX AF Shao, Michael Turyshev, Slava Zhai, Chengxing GP IEEE TI Big Science in Small Packages: a Constellation of Cubesats to Search for Near Earth Asteroids SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB Astronomers for many decades have been searching for Near Earth Asteroids (NEA) that could potentially impact the Earth in the future. Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), when completed, would be by far the most powerful tool for a ground-based search for NEAs. In space, IR telescopes are undergoing detailed design studies. These facilities are projected to find 90% of potentially hazardous NEAs in about a dozen years. We introduce a different approach to search for these objects by using multiple micro-and nano-spacecraft distributed in orbit around the Sun. Their ability to faint moving objects with small telescopes is based on a new generation of low noise, fast-frame cameras combined with processors that can execute 100' s of gigaflops in a low power space environment. C1 [Shao, Michael; Turyshev, Slava; Zhai, Chengxing] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Shao, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM michael.shao@jpl.nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286401188 ER PT S AU Stephen, MA Fahey, ME AF Stephen, Mark A. Fahey, Molly E. GP IEEE TI Lateral Transfer Recirculating Etalon Receiver for Methane Spectroscopy SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB We describe an etalon spectrometer with a novel light recirculation scheme to generate simultaneous parallel wavelength channels with no moving parts. We present results from a system to resolve the 1651 nm absorption feature of methane. We present results from a prototype and a corresponding model. We also show results from a solid, 3-mirror etalon that has >95% peak transmission and significantly better out-of-band rejection than its 2-mirror counterpart. We show application of this system to methane laser spectroscopy. C1 [Stephen, Mark A.; Fahey, Molly E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Stephen, MA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 554, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM mark.a.stephen@nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286403060 ER PT S AU Velasco, AE Cunnane, DP Acharya, N Briggs, R Beyer, A Shaw, M Karasik, BS Wolak, MA Xi, XX Marsili, F AF Velasco, Angel E. Cunnane, Daniel P. Acharya, Narendra Briggs, Ryan Beyer, Andrew Shaw, Matthew Karasik, Boris S. Wolak, Matthaus A. Xi, Xiaoxing Marsili, Francesco GP IEEE TI High-Operating-Temperature Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB We report on 5 nm thick, 100 nm wide MgB2 nanowires with single-photon sensitivity at 635 nm wavelength in the operating-temperature range 3 - 10 K. C1 [Velasco, Angel E.; Cunnane, Daniel P.; Briggs, Ryan; Beyer, Andrew; Shaw, Matthew; Karasik, Boris S.; Marsili, Francesco] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Acharya, Narendra; Wolak, Matthaus A.; Xi, Xiaoxing] Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Velasco, AE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM angel.e.velasco@jpl.nasa.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286401173 ER PT S AU Wilson, EL AF Wilson, Emily L. GP IEEE TI A Low-Cost Miniaturized Laser Heterodyne Radiometer (Mini-LHR) for Near-IR measurements of CO2 and CH4 in the atmospheric column SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB The miniaturized laser heterodyne radiometer (mini-LHR) is a ground-based passive variation of a laser heterodyne radiometer that uses sunlight to measure absorption of CO2 and CH4 in the infrared. Sunlight is collected using collimation optics mounted to an AERONET sun tracker, modulated with a fiber switch and mixed with infrared laser light in a fast photoreciever. The amplitude of the resultant RF (radio frequency) beat signal correlates with the concentration of the gas in the atmospheric column. C1 [Wilson, Emily L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Wilson, EL (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Emily.L.Wilson@nasa.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286400076 ER PT S AU Wollman, EE Verma, VB Briggs, RM Beyer, AD Mirin, RP Nam, SW Marsili, F Shaw, MD AF Wollman, Emma E. Verma, Varun B. Briggs, Ryan M. Beyer, Andrew D. Mirin, Richard P. Nam, Sae Woo Marsili, Francesco Shaw, Matthew D. GP IEEE TI High-efficiency UV Superconducting Nanowire Single-photon Detectors from Amorphous MoSi SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA AB We demonstrate high-efficiency detection of 370 nm photons using superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. The detectors employ amorphous MoSi (bulk T-c = 6.8 K) to enable operation on a compact cryocooler system. C1 [Wollman, Emma E.; Briggs, Ryan M.; Beyer, Andrew D.; Marsili, Francesco; Shaw, Matthew D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Verma, Varun B.; Mirin, Richard P.; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. RP Wollman, EE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Emma.E.Wollman@jpl.nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286401172 ER PT S AU Yu, AW Abshire, JB Riris, H Purucker, M Janches, D Getty, S Krainak, MA Stephen, MA Chen, JR Li, SX Numata, K Fahey, ME Wu, S Allan, GR Konoplev, O AF Yu, Anthony W. Abshire, James B. Riris, Haris Purucker, Michael Janches, Diego Getty, Stephanie Krainak, Michael A. Stephen, Mark A. Chen, Jeffrey R. Li, Steve X. Numata, Kenji Fahey, Molly E. Wu, Stewart Allan, Graham R. Konoplev, Oleg GP IEEE TI Non-Topographic Space-Based Laser Remote Sensing SO 2016 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS (CLEO) SE Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) CY JUN 05-10, 2016 CL San Jose, CA C1 [Yu, Anthony W.; Abshire, James B.; Riris, Haris; Purucker, Michael; Janches, Diego; Getty, Stephanie; Krainak, Michael A.; Stephen, Mark A.; Chen, Jeffrey R.; Li, Steve X.; Numata, Kenji; Fahey, Molly E.; Wu, Stewart] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Allan, Graham R.] Sigma Space Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Konoplev, Oleg] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Yu, AW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM anthony.w.yu@nasa.gov RI Janches, Diego/D-4674-2012 OI Janches, Diego/0000-0001-8615-5166 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-9435-8011-8 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2016 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7HE UT WOS:000391286400049 ER PT J AU Wu, GF Meyyappan, M Lai, KWC AF Wu, Guangfu Meyyappan, Meyya Lai, King Wai Chiu GP IEEE TI Graphene Field-effect Transistors-based Biosensors for Escherichia coli Detection SO 2016 IEEE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY (IEEE-NANO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO) CY AUG 22-25, 2016 CL IEEE Nanotechnol Council, Sendai, JAPAN SP IEEE, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Tohoku Univ, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Soc Nano Sci & Technol, IEEE Sendai Sect, IEEE Electron Device Soc Japan Chapter, Tohoku Univ, Core Technol Consortium Adv Energy Devices, COl Tohoku, Tohoku Univ, Jun ichi Nishizawa Memorial Res Ctr, Intelligent Nano Proc Soc, Frontier Proc Soc, Tohoku Univ, Inst Fluid Sci, Nano Micro Cluster, Tohoku Univ, Adv Inst Mat Res HO IEEE Nanotechnol Council ID FILMS AB Novel devices are desperately required for effective detection of bacteria because of its potential risks in the fields of food safety and public health. In this paper, we demonstrated graphene field-effect transistors (G-FETs) for Escherichia coli (E.coli) detection. Linker molecules and antibodies were employed to functionalize graphene. Raman spectroscopy and confocal microscopy were used to confirm the functionalization process of the linker molecules and antibodies. The linker molecule (1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester, PBASE) contains two parts: pyrene backbone and succinimidyl ester group. Pyrene attached onto the graphene surface via pi-pi stacking, and succinimidyl ester group covalently reacted with amino group of antibodies. Antibodies functionalized G-FETs enabled effective E. coli detection. The results showed that the Dirac point of the G-FETs shifted to right after detection of E. coli bacteria. Our G-FETs devices showed an obvious increase in the electrical current when the E. coli concentration was 5x10(3) CFU/mL. The simple and label-free biosensor reported here possesses promising potential to serve as a platform for other bacteria, protein and small molecule detection. C1 [Wu, Guangfu; Lai, King Wai Chiu] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mech & Biomed Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Meyyappan, Meyya] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Lai, KWC (reprint author), City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mech & Biomed Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM kinglai@cityu.edu.hk FU GRF; Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government [11205514] FX This project is supported by the GRF grant from The Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government (CityU 11205514). NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1493-4 PY 2016 BP 22 EP 25 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BG7WF UT WOS:000391840000007 ER PT J AU Okada, T Thomas, C Meyyappan, M Samukawa, S AF Okada, T. Thomas, C. Meyyappan, M. Samukawa, S. GP IEEE TI Effect of Flux and Energy of Hydrogen Neutral Beam on Hydrogenation Process of Graphene SO 2016 IEEE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOTECHNOLOGY (IEEE-NANO) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO) CY AUG 22-25, 2016 CL IEEE Nanotechnol Council, Sendai, JAPAN SP IEEE, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Tohoku Univ, Japan Soc Mech Engineers, Soc Nano Sci & Technol, IEEE Sendai Sect, IEEE Electron Device Soc Japan Chapter, Tohoku Univ, Core Technol Consortium Adv Energy Devices, COl Tohoku, Tohoku Univ, Jun ichi Nishizawa Memorial Res Ctr, Intelligent Nano Proc Soc, Frontier Proc Soc, Tohoku Univ, Inst Fluid Sci, Nano Micro Cluster, Tohoku Univ, Adv Inst Mat Res HO IEEE Nanotechnol Council AB We have investigated hydrogenation of graphene using H-2 neutral beam for hydrogen storage applications. We have successfully hydrogenated graphene and shown the dependence of the reaction process on the beam energy. In addition, sp(3) ratio under several hydrogen beam flux conditions has been estimated from XPS analysis. C1 [Okada, T.; Thomas, C.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Fluid Sci, Aoba Ku, Katahira2-1-1, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. [Meyyappan, M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Samukawa, S.] Tohoku Univ, IFS, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. [Samukawa, S.] Tohoku Univ, WPI AIMR, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. RP Samukawa, S (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, IFS, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.; Samukawa, S (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, WPI AIMR, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan. EM okada@sammy.ifs.tohoku.ac.jp; m.meyyappan@nasa.gov; samukawa@ifs.rohoku.ac.jp FU JSPS KAKENHI [15K17446]; Kurita Water and Environment Foundation FX Resrach supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15K17446 and Kurita Water and Environment Foundation. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1493-4 PY 2016 BP 297 EP 298 PG 2 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BG7WF UT WOS:000391840000086 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Shi, RY Wang, WY Lu, SG Bai, YC Bao, QH Lee, TJ Nagaraja, K Radia, N AF Zhang, Jia Shi, Runyu Wang, Weiyi Lu, Shenggu Bai, Yuanchen Bao, Qihao Lee, Tsengdar J. Nagaraja, Kiran Radia, Nimish BE ReiffMarganiec, S TI Bloom Filter-Powered Technique Supporting Scalable Semantic Service Discovery in Service Networks SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WEB SERVICES (ICWS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 23rd International Conference on Web Services (ICWS) CY JUN 27-JUL 02, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Serv Soc, IBM Res, SAP, HP, Huawei, Object Management Grp, Big Data, IBM, Int Journal Business Proc Integrat & Management, IT Profess, Int Journal Web Serv Res, Comp Now, IEEE Transact Serv Comp, Cloud Comp, Serv Comp, Ericsson, IEEE Cloud Comp DE Service discovery; Bloom Filter; scalable service discovery; deterministic annealing AB As more and more reusable web services are published on the Internet, how to help users quickly identify appropriate candidate services has become an increasingly critical challenge. Most of the current research efforts on service discovery rely on syntax and semantics-based service matchmaking. In contrast, this paper presents a novel way of applying network routing mechanism to facilitate service discovery, featuring scalability and performance. Services annotated by Web Ontology Language for Services (OWL-S) are organized into a network based on semantic clustering. Virtual routers are created representing clusters, and Bloom Filters are generated for service routing. A service search request is thus transformed into a network routing problem to quickly locate semantic service cluster and in turn to candidate services. In addition, the deterministic annealing technique is applied to facilitate service classification in the network construction. Dynamic network adjustment is operated to ensure the search performance in the network. Empirical study over common testbed annotated in OWL-S is reported. C1 [Zhang, Jia; Shi, Runyu; Wang, Weiyi; Lu, Shenggu; Bai, Yuanchen; Bao, Qihao] Carnegie Mellon Univ Silicon Valley, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lee, Tsengdar J.] Sci Mission Directorate, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. [Nagaraja, Kiran; Radia, Nimish] Ericsson Res, Plano, TX USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ Silicon Valley, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM jia.zhang@sv.cmu.edu; runyu.shi@sv.cmu.edu; weiyi.wang@sv.cmu.edu; shenggu.lu@sv.cmu.edu; yuanchen.bai@sv.cmu.edu; qihao.bao@sv.cmu.edu; tsengdar.j.lee@nasa.gov; kiran.nagaraja@ericsson.com; nimish.radia@ericsson.com NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2675-3 PY 2016 BP 81 EP 90 DI 10.1109/ICWS.2016.111 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG5FZ UT WOS:000389471700011 ER PT J AU Baker, JD Harting, AL Johanos, TC Littnan, CL AF Baker, Jason D. Harting, Albert L. Johanos, Thea C. Littnan, Charles L. TI Estimating Hawaiian monk seal range-wide abundance and associated uncertainty SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Neomonachus schauinslandi; Abundance estimation; Population trend; Monte Carlo ID MONACHUS-SCHAUINSLANDI; ISLANDS; PUPS AB The type and quantity of survey data, and consequently, applicable methods for estimating abundance, vary throughout the range of the Endangered Hawaiian monk seal Neomonachus schauinslandi. Here we present a new approach to combine disparate data and methods to estimate the range-wide abundance of this species, along with associated uncertainty. We quantified subpopulation abundance using total enumeration, closed population capture-recapture methods, empirically derived relationships between survey effort and proportion of the population detected, minimum tallies, or standardized land surveys corrected to account for seals in the water. We used a Monte Carlo approximation to generate a distribution of range-wide abundance, by summing randomly drawn values from distributions of site-specific abundance. Data to estimate range-wide abundance were available for 2013, 2014, and 2015; our estimates were 1291, 1309, and 1324 individuals, respectively. Although the point estimates increased over 2 yr, the confidence intervals for all estimates overlapped. We recognize that these estimates are subject to some varying degree of negative bias, which precludes drawing unequivocal conclusions regarding current population trends. However, after a prolonged history of population decline in this species, the lack of evidence for further decline during 2013 to 2015 is encouraging. Additional years of consistent monitoring will enable reliable assessment of the trend in total Hawaiian monk seal abundance. C1 [Baker, Jason D.; Johanos, Thea C.; Littnan, Charles L.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1845 Wasp Blvd 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. [Harting, Albert L.] Harting Biol Consulting, 8898 Sandy Creek Lane, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Baker, JD (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1845 Wasp Blvd 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. EM jason.baker@noaa.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2016 VL 31 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.3354/esr00782 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EH3UG UT WOS:000391696900006 ER PT J AU Colombo, OL AF Colombo, Oscar L. GP Inst Navigat TI Some issues still in the way to ultimate precision SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 29TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS+ 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Technical Meeting of The-Satellite-Division-of-the-Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS+) CY SEP 12-16, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP Inst Navigat, Satellite Div C1 [Colombo, Oscar L.] NASA, USRA, Goddard SEC Code 698, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Colombo, OL (reprint author), NASA, USRA, Goddard SEC Code 698, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2016 BP 593 EP 607 PG 15 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG7MT UT WOS:000391479500059 ER PT J AU Sparks, L Altshuler, E AF Sparks, Lawrence Altshuler, Eric GP Inst Navigat TI Ionospheric Storms of Solar Cycle 24 and their Impact on the WAAS Ionospheric Threat Model SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 29TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS+ 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Technical Meeting of The-Satellite-Division-of-the-Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS+) CY SEP 12-16, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP Inst Navigat, Satellite Div AB Disturbances in the ionosphere can hinder the propagation of radio signals through the earth's atmosphere, thereby becoming major sources of error for position estimates determined from measurements of signals emitted by Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) broadcasts parameters that allow a GPS user navigating over North America to compute corrections to position estimates and to bound the positioning errors that arise from ionospheric delay. Contributing the dominant term to the broadcast grid ionospheric vertical error (GIVE), the WAAS ionospheric threat model protects the user from threats posed by undersampled ionospheric irregularities. The threat model currently fielded has been derived entirely from historical observations recorded during solar cycle 23 when the WAAS receiver network was comprised of only twenty-five stations. The next upgrade of the WAAS ionospheric threat model will incorporate observations from solar cycle 24, recorded at all thirty-eight stations in the current receiver network. This paper examines the impact that solar cycle 24 storms are likely to have on both the threat model and on the consequent availability of the system, and it proposes a means of improving WAAS availability without sacrificing system integrity. C1 [Sparks, Lawrence] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Altshuler, Eric] Sequoia Res Corp, Torrance, CA USA. RP Sparks, L (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2016 BP 682 EP 690 PG 9 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG7MT UT WOS:000391479500066 ER PT J AU Yu, WH AF Yu, Wayne H. GP Inst Navigat TI Application of X-Ray Pulsar Navigation: A Characterization of the Earth Orbit Trade Space SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 29TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS+ 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Technical Meeting of The-Satellite-Division-of-the-Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS+) CY SEP 12-16, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP Inst Navigat, Satellite Div AB X-ray pulsar navigation (XNAV) is a celestial navigation system that uses the consistent timing nature of X-ray photons from milli-second pulsars (MSP) to perform space navigation. The challenge of XNAV comes from the faint signal, availability, and distant nature of pulsars. This paper is a study of extended Kalman filter (EKF) tracking performance within a wide trade space of bounded Earth orbits using only XNAV measurements. The study uses a simulation of existing X-ray detector space hardware. An example of an X-ray detector for XNAV is the NASA Station Explorer for X-ray Timing and Navigation (SEXTANT) mission, a technology demonstration of XNAV set to perform on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2017. This study in particular defines the Earth orbits as Keplernian elements and varies each element individually to observe XNAV performance. It shows that the closed Earth orbit for XNAV performance relies on the orbit semi-major axis and eccentricity as well as orbit inclination. These parameters drive pulsar measurement availability and quality by influencing the natural spacecraft orbit dynamics. The orbit angles of argument of perigee and right ascension of the ascending node help define the orbit and its initial XNAV measurements. C1 [Yu, Wayne H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Yu, WH (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2016 BP 845 EP 856 PG 12 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG7MT UT WOS:000391479500084 ER PT J AU Pi, XQ Mannucci, AJ Valant-Spaight, B Viereck, R Zhang, YL AF Pi, Xiaoqing Mannucci, Anthony J. Valant-Spaight, Bonnie Viereck, Rodney Zhang, Yongliang GP Inst Navigat TI Middle-Latitude Ionospheric Irregularities and Scintillation during Geomagnetic Storms SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 29TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS+ 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Technical Meeting of The-Satellite-Division-of-the-Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS+) CY SEP 12-16, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP Inst Navigat, Satellite Div AB An investigation of mid-latitude ionospheric irregularities and scintillation (MIDLIIS) during geomagnetic storms is presented. Significant MIDLIIS events are revealed in Regional or Global maps of ionospheric irregularities and scintillation (RMIIS and GMIIS [1][2]). GMIIS are produced using GPS measurements from thousands of globally distributed stations. We intend to add MIDLIIS as a new element to the classical picture of global ionospheric scintillation and irregularities because the observed MIDLIIS events occurred in vast regions. To understand underlying physics mechanisms, the MIDLIIS development is compared with space weather conditions and geomagnetic data as well as auroral observations made by global ultraviolet imager (GUVI) onboard a Defense Meteorology Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite. The GUVI images show auroral oval expansion when MIDLIIS are observed. Our study leads to an assessment that MIDLIIS events are driven by auroral oval expansion to middle latitudes and possible ring current inward expansion to the plasmasphere with associated penetration of the magnetospheric electric field. Before presenting the MIDLIIS investigation, measurements of ionospheric scintillation and irregularities, namely S-4, sigma(phi), and ROTI, are reviewed. A comparison is made to distinguish differences and emphases between these indices. C1 [Pi, Xiaoqing] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Mannucci, Anthony J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Valant-Spaight, Bonnie] Propagat Res Associates Inc, Atmospher Phys Div, Marietta, GA USA. [Viereck, Rodney] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Res Grp, Boulder, CO USA. [Zhang, Yongliang] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA. [Valant-Spaight, Bonnie] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. RP Pi, XQ (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Zhang, Yongliang/C-2180-2016 OI Zhang, Yongliang/0000-0003-4851-1662 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2016 BP 1657 EP 1663 PG 7 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG7MT UT WOS:000391479501063 ER PT J AU Miller, JJ Bauer, FH Oria, AJ Pace, S Parker, JJK AF Miller, James. J. Bauer, Frank H. Oria, A. J. Pace, Scott Parker, Joel J. K. GP Inst Navigat TI Achieving GNSS Compatibility and Interoperability to Support Space Users SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 29TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS+ 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Technical Meeting of The-Satellite-Division-of-the-Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS+) CY SEP 12-16, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP Inst Navigat, Satellite Div AB The development of GPS and other GNSSs, such as the Russian GLONASS, the European Galileo, and China's BeiDou, has resulted in new capabilities available for PNT in space. This paper reviews on-going efforts at NASA to implement U.S. PNT policy and engage international partners in the pursuit of compatibility and interoperability among these systems. The objective is to develop a multi-GNSS SSV to support space users between Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO), and eventually into Cislunar space. Key international engagements include bilateral discussions, such as those that led to the 2004 U.S.-European Union Agreement on GPS-Galileo Cooperation, and on-going multilateral discussions at venues such the United Nations (UN) International Committee on GNSS (ICG) and the GNSS Provider's Forum. Benefits to space users will include improved capabilities for on-board autonomous PNT, and better resilience to potential disruptions to GNSS signals. C1 [Miller, James. J.] NASA Headquarters, Policy & Strateg Commun Div, Space Commun & Nav Program SCaN, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Bauer, Frank H.] FBauer Aerosp Consulting Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Oria, A. J.] Overlook Syst Technol Inc, Vienna, VA USA. [Pace, Scott] George Washington Univ, Inst Space Policy, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Pace, Scott] George Washington Univ, Practice Int Affairs, Elliott Sch Int Affairs, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Parker, Joel J. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Nav & Mission Design Branch Code 595, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Miller, JJ (reprint author), NASA Headquarters, Policy & Strateg Commun Div, Space Commun & Nav Program SCaN, Washington, DC 20546 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2016 BP 3622 EP 3634 PG 13 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG7MT UT WOS:000391479503059 ER PT J AU Ashman, BW Veldman, JL Axelrad, P Garrison, JL Winternitz, LB AF Ashman, B. W. Veldman, J. L. Axelrad, P. Garrison, J. L. Winternitz, L. B. GP Inst Navigat TI Validation of GNSS Multipath Model for Space Proximity Operations Using the Hubble Servicing Mission 4 Experiment SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 29TH INTERNATIONAL TECHNICAL MEETING OF THE SATELLITE DIVISION OF THE INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION (ION GNSS+ 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Technical Meeting of The-Satellite-Division-of-the-Institute-of-Navigation (ION GNSS+) CY SEP 12-16, 2016 CL Portland, OR SP Inst Navigat, Satellite Div AB In the rendezvous and docking of spacecraft, GNSS signals can reflect off the target vehicle and cause large errors in the chaser vehicle receiver at ranges below a few hundred meters. It has been proposed that these additional ray paths, or multipath, be used as a source of information about the state of the target relative to the receiver. With Hubble Servicing Mission 4 as a case study, electromagnetic ray tracing has been used to construct a model of reflected signals from known geometry. Oscillations in the prompt correlator power due to multipath, known as multipath fading, are studied as a means of model validation. Agreement between the measured and simulated multipath fading serves to confirm the presence of signals reflected off the target spacecraft that might be used for relative navigation. C1 [Ashman, B. W.; Winternitz, L. B.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Veldman, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Axelrad, P.] Univ Colorado, Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Garrison, J. L.] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Ashman, BW (reprint author), Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA PY 2016 BP 3635 EP 3643 PG 9 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG7MT UT WOS:000391479503060 ER PT S AU Manganaro, M Becerra, J Nievas, M Sitarek, J Tavecchio, F Buson, S Dominis, D Dominguez, A Lindfors, E Mazin, D Moralejo, A Stamerra, A Vovk, I AF Manganaro, M. Becerra, J. Nievas, M. Sitarek, J. Tavecchio, F. Buson, S. Dominis, D. Dominguez, A. Lindfors, E. Mazin, D. Moralejo, A. Stamerra, A. Vovk, Ie CA MAGIC & FERMI Collaboration BE Fornengo, N Regis, M Zechlin, HS TI Latest MAGIC discoveries pushing redshift boundaries in VHE Astrophysics SO XIV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TOPICS IN ASTROPARTICLE AND UNDERGROUND PHYSICS (TAUP 2015), PTS 1-7 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP) CY SEP 07-11, 2015 CL Torino, ITALY SP Univ Torino, Ist Nazl Fisica Nucl, Ist Nazl Astrofisica, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Accademia Scienze Torino, Consorzio Interuniversitario Fis Spaziale, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS; BLAZARS; MISSION; HORIZON; GHZ AB The search for detection of ?-rays from distant AGNs by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) is challenging at high redshifts, not only because of lower flux due to the distance of the source, but also due to the consequent absorption of gamma-rays by the extragalactic background light (EBL). Before the MAGIC discoveries reported in this work, the farthest source ever detected in the VHE domain was the blazar PKS 1424+240, at z > 0.6. MAGIC, a system of two 17 m of diameter IACTs located in the Canary island of La Palma, has been able to go beyond that limit and push the boundaries for VHE detection to redshifts z similar to 1. The two sources detected and analyzed, the blazar QSO B0218+357 and the FSRQ PKS 1441+25 are located at redshift z = 0.944 and z = 0.939 respectively. QSO B0218+357 is also the first gravitational lensed blazar ever detected in VHE. The activity, triggered by Fermi-LAT in high energy ?-rays, was followed up by other instruments, such as the KVA telescope in the optical band and the Swift-XRT in X-rays. In the present work we show results on MAGIC analysis on QSO B0218+357 and PKS 1441+25 together with multiwavelength lightcurves. The collected dataset allowed us to test for the first time the present generation of EBL models at such distances. C1 [Manganaro, M.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. [Manganaro, M.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Becerra, J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Becerra, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Becerra, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Nievas, M.; Dominguez, A.] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Sitarek, J.] Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland. [Tavecchio, F.; Stamerra, A.] INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy. [Buson, S.] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Buson, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Dominis, D.] Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskov Inst, Croatian MAGIC Consortium, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. [Dominis, D.] Univ Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. [Lindfors, E.] Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, Finnish MAGIC Consortium, SF-20500 Turku, Finland. [Lindfors, E.] Univ Oulu, Dept Phys, SF-90100 Oulu, Finland. [Mazin, D.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, ICRR, Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. [Mazin, D.] Univ Tokushima, Tokai Univ, Kyoto Univ, Hakubi Ctr,KEK, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan. [Moralejo, A.] IFAE, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain. [Vovk, Ie] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. RP Manganaro, M (reprint author), Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain.; Manganaro, M (reprint author), Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. EM manganaro@iac.es RI Manganaro, Marina/B-7657-2011; OI Manganaro, Marina/0000-0003-1530-3031; Becerra Gonzalez, Josefa/0000-0002-6729-9022 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2016 VL 718 AR UNSP 052022 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/718/5/052022 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields; Physics, Mathematical SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BG7NA UT WOS:000391490200117 ER PT J AU Samoska, L Fung, A Kangaslahti, P Gawande, R Soria, M Lawrence, C Gaier, T Cuadrado-Calle, D George, D Fuller, G Lai, R Sarkozy, S Varonen, M Cleary, K AF Samoska, Lorene Fung, Andy Kangaslahti, Pekka Gawande, Rohit Soria, Mary Lawrence, Charles Gaier, Todd Cuadrado-Calle, David George, Danielle Fuller, Gary Lai, Richard Sarkozy, Stephen Varonen, Mikko Cleary, Kieran GP IEEE TI Cryogenic Low Noise MMIC Amplifiers for U-Band (40-60 GHz) SO 2016 11TH EUROPEAN MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS CONFERENCE (EUMIC) SE European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference - Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference (EuMIC) CY OCT 03-04, 2016 CL London, ENGLAND SP GAAS, Electron Devices Soc DE MMIC; cryogenic LNA; InP; HEMT; WR19; Uband AB In this work, we describe monolithic millimeterwave integrated circuit (MMIC) Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and mixer designs for U-Band, also known as the WR19 waveguide band (40-60 GHz). The LNAs were fabricated in NGC's 35 nm InP HEMT MMIC process. The MMICs were packaged in WR19 waveguide housings and tested for noise, both at room temperature and cryogenically. We present the results, including a comparison to the state-of-the-art, and discuss applications for amplifiers in this frequency range. To date, these are the first cryogenic 35 nm InP MMIC results covering the 40-60 GHz range. We achieved a noise temperature less than 30 K over the 40-60 GHz range, when the amplifiers were cryogenically cooled. These results are comparable with other results in the literature, and we believe are the lowest reported for MMICs in the 50-60 GHz range. C1 [Samoska, Lorene; Fung, Andy; Kangaslahti, Pekka; Gawande, Rohit; Soria, Mary; Lawrence, Charles; Gaier, Todd] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Cuadrado-Calle, David; George, Danielle; Fuller, Gary] Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Lai, Richard; Sarkozy, Stephen] Northrop Grumman Corp, Redondo Beach, CA USA. [Varonen, Mikko] Aalto Univ, Espoo, Finland. [Cleary, Kieran] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Samoska, L (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM lsamoska@jpl.nasa.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-2-8748-7044-6 J9 EUR MICROW INTEGRAT PY 2016 BP 85 EP 88 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG7LR UT WOS:000391426200022 ER PT S AU Ganesan, D Lindvall, M Hafsteinsson, S Cleaveland, R Strege, SL Moleski, W AF Ganesan, Dharmalingam Lindvall, Mikael Hafsteinsson, Stefan Cleaveland, Rance Strege, Susanne L. Moleski, Walter GP IEEE TI Experience Report: Model-based Test Automation of a Concurrent Flight Software Bus SO 2016 IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOFTWARE RELIABILITY ENGINEERING (ISSRE) SE Proceedings International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE) CY OCT 23-27, 2016 CL Ottawa, CANADA SP IEEE, Carleton Univ, IEEE Comp Soc, Carleton Univ, Fac Engn & Design, Reliabil Soc DE Model Based Testing; Concurrency; Publish-Subscribe; Flight Software AB Many systems make use of concurrent tasks, however it is often difficult to test concurrent design. Therefore, many test cases are simplified and do not fully test all concurrency aspects of the system. We encountered this problem when analyzing test cases for concurrent flight software at NASA. To address this problem, we developed and evaluated a model based testing (MBT) technique for testing of concurrent systems. Using MBT, the tester creates a model, which is based on the requirements of the system under test (SUT), and lets the computer generate innumerable test cases automatically from the model. We evaluate the effectiveness of the technique using Microsoft's Spec Explorer MBT tool. We apply the technique on NASA's Core Flight Software (cFS) software bus module API, which is based on a concurrent publisher-subscriber architecture style and is a safety-critical system. We describe how we created a test automation architecture for testing concurrent inter-task communication as carried out by the software bus. We also investigate the type of issues the technique for testing of concurrent systems can find as well as what degree of code coverage it can achieve. C1 [Ganesan, Dharmalingam; Lindvall, Mikael; Hafsteinsson, Stefan] Fraunhofer Ctr Expt Software Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Cleaveland, Rance] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Strege, Susanne L.; Moleski, Walter] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Ganesan, D (reprint author), Fraunhofer Ctr Expt Software Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM dganesan@fc-md.umd.edu; mlindvall@fc-md.umd.edu; shafsteinsson@fc-md.umd.edu; rcleaveland@umd.edu; susanne.l.strege@nasa.gov; walter.f.moleski@nasa.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1071-9458 BN 978-1-4673-9002-6 J9 PROC INT SYMP SOFTW PY 2016 BP 445 EP 454 DI 10.1109/ISSRE.2016.47 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG7MA UT WOS:000391437700041 ER PT S AU Fiondella, L Nikora, A Wandji, T AF Fiondella, Lance Nikora, Allen Wandji, Thierry GP IEEE TI Software Reliability and Security: Challenges and Crosscutting Themes SO 2016 IEEE 27TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOFTWARE RELIABILITY ENGINEERING WORKSHOPS (ISSREW) SE IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering Workshops LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE) CY OCT 23-27, 2016 CL Ottawa, CANADA SP IEEE, Carleton Univ, IEEE Comp Soc, Carleton Univ, Fac Engn & Design, Reliabil Soc AB Security has emerged as one of the most significant challenges to organizations that develop software system. As software systems involvement in managing financial systems, infrastructure, and industrial systems increases, the potential consequences of unauthorized access to those systems becomes more and more severe. We examine relationships between software reliability engineering and cybersecurity to develop more effective ways of assessing and improving system security. C1 [Fiondella, Lance] Univ Massachusetts, Elect & Comp Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. [Nikora, Allen] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Wandji, Thierry] Naval Air Syst Command, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA. RP Fiondella, L (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Elect & Comp Engn, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA. EM lfiondella@umassd.edu; allen.p.nikora@jpl.nasa.gov; ketchiozo.wandji@navy.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2375-821X BN 978-1-5090-3601-1 J9 IEEE INT SYMP SOFTW PY 2016 BP 55 EP 56 DI 10.1109/ISSREW.2016.47 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG7JT UT WOS:000391391100016 ER PT S AU Moller, B Garro, A Falcone, A Crues, EZ Dexter, DE AF Moller, Bjorn Garro, Alfredo Falcone, Alberto Crues, Edwin Z. Dexter, Daniel E. GP IEEE TI Promoting a-priori interoperability of HLA-based Simulations in the Space domain: the SISO Space Reference FOM initiative SO 2016 IEEE/ACM 20TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DISTRIBUTED SIMULATION AND REAL TIME APPLICATIONS (DS-RT) SE IEEE ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications (DS-RT) CY SEP 21-23, 2016 CL London, ENGLAND SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, ACM SIGSIM, Brunel Univ DE Space; Interoperability; High Level Architecture; Federation Object Model AB Distributed and Real-Time Simulation plays a key-role in the Space domain being exploited for missions and systems analysis and engineering as well as for crew training and operational support. One of the most popular standards is the 1516-2010 IEEE Standard for Modeling and Simulation (M&S) High Level Architecture (HLA). HLA supports the implementation of distributed simulations (called Federations) in which a set of simulation entities (called Federates) can interact using a Run-Time Infrastructure (RTI). In a given Federation, a Federate can publish and/or subscribes objects and interactions on the RTI only in accordance with their structures as defined in a FOM (Federation Object Model). Currently, the Space domain is characterized by a set of incompatible FOMs that, although meet the specific needs of different organizations and projects, increases the long-term cost for interoperability. In this context, the availability of a reference FOM for the Space domain will enable the development of interoperable HLA-based simulators for related joint projects and collaborations among worldwide organizations involved in the Space domain (e.g. NASA, ESA, Roscosmos, and JAXA). The paper presents a first set of results achieved by a SISO standardization effort that aims at providing a Space Reference FOM for international collaboration on Space systems simulations. C1 [Moller, Bjorn] Pitch Technol, Repslagaregatan 25, S-58222 Linkoping, Sweden. [Garro, Alfredo; Falcone, Alberto] Univ Calabria, Dept Informat Modeling Elect & Syst Engn DIMES, Via P Bucci 41C, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. [Crues, Edwin Z.; Dexter, Daniel E.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Software Robot & Simulat Div ER, Simulat & Graph Branch ER7, 2101 NASA Rd 1, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Moller, B (reprint author), Pitch Technol, Repslagaregatan 25, S-58222 Linkoping, Sweden. EM bjorn.moller@pitch.se; alfredo.garro@dimes.unical.it; alberto.falcone@dimes.unical.it; edwin.z.crues@nasa.gov; daniel.e.dexter@nasa.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-6525 BN 978-1-5090-3505-2 J9 IEEE ACM DIS SIM PY 2016 BP 100 EP 107 DI 10.1109/DS-RT.2016.15 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BG7PW UT WOS:000391589800012 ER PT S AU Gonzalez-Ovejero, D Chattopadhyay, G Maci, S AF Gonzalez-Ovejero, David Chattopadhyay, Goutam Maci, Stefano GP IEEE TI Multiple Beam Shared Aperture Modulated Metasurface Antennas SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB This paper discusses the possibility of obtaining multiple beams with a single aperture by adding up the surface reactance functions that provide the desired scattering patterns for a set of given feed points. An example is presented which consists in a shared aperture antenna with two independent circularly polarized pencil beams. C1 [Gonzalez-Ovejero, David; Chattopadhyay, Goutam] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Maci, Stefano] Univ Siena, Dept Informat Engn & Math, I-53100 Siena, Italy. RP Gonzalez-Ovejero, D (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM david.gonzalez@jpl.nasa.gov; goutam.chattopadhyay@jpl.nasa.gov; macis@dii.unisi.it NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 101 EP 102 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100049 ER PT S AU Simons, RN AF Simons, Rainee N. GP IEEE TI Space-Based Ka-Band Direct Radiating Phased Array Antenna Architecture For Limited Field Of View SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE Array antenna; beam forming network; gallium nitride; solid-state power amplifiers; sub-arrays ID NETWORK AB The paper presents the results of an ongoing study to investigate the feasibility of designing a direct radiating phased array antenna on a relay satellite for limited field-of-view. C1 [Simons, Rainee N.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, MS 54-1,21000 Brookpk Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Simons, RN (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, MS 54-1,21000 Brookpk Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM Rainee.N.Simons@nasa.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 521 EP 522 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100251 ER PT S AU Cable, V Vacchione, J Hodges, R AF Cable, Vaughn Vacchione, Joseph Hodges, Richard GP IEEE TI History of Antenna Designs and Measurements for JPL Space Missions SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB This paper provides a brief overview of the history in antennas and antenna testing, from the beginning of the space age until the present, for space missions carried out by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). C1 [Cable, Vaughn; Vacchione, Joseph; Hodges, Richard] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Cable, V (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM vcable@jpl.nasa.gov; joseph.d.vacchione@jpl.nasa.gov; richard.e.hodges@jpl.nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1021 EP 1022 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100495 ER PT S AU Decrossas, E Reck, T Lee, C Jung-Kubiak, C Mehdi, I Chattopadhyay, G AF Decrossas, Emmanuel Reck, Theodore Lee, Choonsup Jung-Kubiak, Cecile Mehdi, Imran Chattopadhyay, Goutam GP IEEE TI Development of W-band horn antennas using 3D printing technologies SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE 3D printing technology; multi-flare angle horn; corrugated horn; W-band AB We report on the performance of a W-band multiflare angle horn antenna manufactured with 3-D printing technology. The paper highlights the fabrication challenges for high frequency operations including the surface roughness of the 3-D technology and the metallization of the polymer. C1 [Decrossas, Emmanuel; Reck, Theodore; Lee, Choonsup; Jung-Kubiak, Cecile; Mehdi, Imran; Chattopadhyay, Goutam] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Decrossas, E (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Emmanuel.Decrossas@jpl.nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1181 EP 1182 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100572 ER PT S AU Gonzalez-Ovejero, D Reck, TJ Jung-Kubiak, CD Alonso-DelPino, M Chattopadhyay, G AF Gonzalez-Ovejero, David Reck, Theodore J. Jung-Kubiak, Cecile D. Alonso-DelPino, Maria Chattopadhyay, Goutam GP IEEE TI A Class of Silicon Micromachined Metasurface for the Design of High-Gain Terahertz Antennas SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB We explore the use of a class of metasurface (MTS), which consists of metalized cylinders arranged in a square lattice and placed on a ground plane, for the realization of antennas at terahertz (THz) frequencies. This MTS is particularly appropriate for being micromachined out of a silicon wafer by means of deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). C1 [Gonzalez-Ovejero, David; Reck, Theodore J.; Jung-Kubiak, Cecile D.; Alonso-DelPino, Maria; Chattopadhyay, Goutam] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Gonzalez-Ovejero, D (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM david.gonzalez@jpl.nasa.gov; theodore.reck@jpl.nasa.gov; cecile.d.jung@jpl.nasa.gov; maria.alonso@jpl.nasa.gov; goutam.chattopadhyay@jpl.nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1191 EP 1192 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100577 ER PT S AU Zemba, M Nessel, J Houts, J Tarasenko, N Lane, S Murrell, D AF Zemba, Michael Nessel, James Houts, Jacquelynne Tarasenko, Nicholas Lane, Steven Murrell, David GP IEEE TI Preliminary Results from the AFRL-NASA W/V-Band Terrestrial Link Experiment in Albuquerque, NM SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE millimeter wave propagation; propagation losses; radiowave propagation AB Atmospheric propagation models and the measurements that train them are critical to the design of efficient and effective space-ground links. As communication systems advance to higher frequencies in search of higher data rates and open spectrum, a lack data at these frequencies necessitates new measurements to properly develop, validate, and refine the models used for link budgeting and system design. In collaboration with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), NASA Glenn Research Center has deployed the W/V-band Terrestrial Link Experiment (WTLE) in Albuquerque, NM to conduct a measurement campaign at 72 and 84 GHz, among the first atmospheric propagation measurements at these frequencies. WTLE has been operational since October 1, 2015, and the system design shall be herein discussed alongside preliminary results and performance. C1 [Zemba, Michael; Nessel, James; Houts, Jacquelynne] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Adv High Frequency Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Tarasenko, Nicholas; Lane, Steven; Murrell, David] US Air Force, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Zemba, M (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Adv High Frequency Branch, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1249 EP 1250 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100604 ER PT S AU Tarasenko, NP Lane, SA Murrell, DA Christodoulou, C Nessel, J Zemba, M Houts, J AF Tarasenko, Nicholas P. Lane, Steven A. Murrell, David A. Christodoulou, Christos Nessel, James Zemba, Michael Houts, Jacquelynne GP IEEE TI W/V-band Terrestrial Link Experiment, an Overview SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE WTLE; W/V-band; atmospheric propagation AB The Air Force Research Laboratory in partnership with NASA Glenn Research Center and the University of New Mexico have initiated the W/V-band Terrestrial Link Experiment (WTLE) to conduct propagation analysis at W/V-band frequencies. An overview is provided of the system and ancillary equipment to facilitate the propagation experiment. C1 [Tarasenko, Nicholas P.; Lane, Steven A.; Murrell, David A.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87123 USA. [Christodoulou, Christos] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Nessel, James; Zemba, Michael; Houts, Jacquelynne] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Tarasenko, NP (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM 87123 USA. EM nicholas.tarasenko@us.af.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1259 EP 1260 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100609 ER PT S AU Focardi, P Spencer, MW Piepmeier, JR AF Focardi, Paolo Spencer, Michael W. Piepmeier, Jeffrey R. GP IEEE TI SMAP Instrument Antenna, On Orbit Performance Validation & Verification SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE on orbit performance; on orbit validation and verification; reflector antenna; offset reflector; SAR; radiometer AB NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Mission is currently flying in a 685 km orbit. Featuring a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and a radiometer sharing the same antenna, SMAP was developed in collaboration between Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). While the radar requirements on the instrument antenna were more benign from an RF point of view, the radiometer requirement were more difficult to meet because of the stability required by the radiometer to operate to its full potential. The instrument antenna performance was predicted by a very detailed RF model and verified by measuring a 1/10th scale model with great accuracy before launch. Once in orbit, we had the opportunity to measure the antenna performance for both the radiometer and the radar and compare it with the predicted performance given by our RF model. This paper discusses the work done both at JPL and GSFC in order to verify and validate the on orbit performance of the SMAP instrument antenna. C1 [Focardi, Paolo; Spencer, Michael W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91104 USA. [Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Focardi, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91104 USA. EM Paolo.Focardi@JPL.NASA.gov; Jeffrey.R.Piepmeier@NASA.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1371 EP 1372 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100662 ER PT S AU Focardi, P Gonzalez, D Harrell, JA Brown, ST AF Focardi, Paolo Gonzalez, David Harrell, Jefferson A. Brown, Shannon T. GP IEEE TI COWVR Instrument Antenna, Performance Verification and Test Results SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE reflector antenna; horn antenna; off-set reflector; radiometer; scanning antenna; anechoic chamber measurements; radiation patterns AB This paper describes the test campaign and the results used to verify the performance of the Compact Ocean Wind Vector Radiometer (COWVR) instrument antenna. Developed as a proof-of-concept technology demonstration mission, it's planned for launch in 2016. Using small mass and low power, when compared to other instruments with similar capabilities, COWVR promises to obtain the same wind vector retrieval accuracy. COWVR was designed and developed at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in collaboration with the US Air Force Space Missile Command. C1 [Focardi, Paolo; Gonzalez, David; Harrell, Jefferson A.; Brown, Shannon T.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91104 USA. RP Focardi, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91104 USA. EM Paolo.Focardi@JPL.NASA.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1375 EP 1376 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100664 ER PT S AU Focardi, P Brown, PR AF Focardi, Paolo Brown, Paula R. GP IEEE TI NISAR L-Band Feed Antenna Tiles, Preliminary Design SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE phased array; planar array; deployable mesh reflector; patch antenna; metal patch antenna AB Being developed in partnership between NASA and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite is planned to launch in late 2020. NISAR will measure many aspects of how Earth is changing with unprecedented accuracy on a global scale from a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) platform. With a 12m deployable mesh reflector, NISAR will feature one of the largest deployable mesh reflector ever launched for a scientific mission. Two large planar phased arrays will feed the reflector, one that will operate at L-Band and be developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and an S-band array that will be developed at the ISRO Space Application Centre (SAC). This paper describes the preliminary design of the L-Band feed array. C1 [Focardi, Paolo; Brown, Paula R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Focardi, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Paolo.Focardi@jpl.nasa.gov; Paula.Brown@jpl.nasa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1379 EP 1380 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100666 ER PT S AU Chahat, N Hodges, R Sander, J Thomson, M Rahmat-Samii, Y AF Chahat, Nacer Hodges, Richard Sander, Jonathan Thomson, Mark Rahmat-Samii, Yahya GP IEEE TI Earth Science RADAR CubeSat Deployable Ka-band Mesh Reflector Antenna SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB CubeSat will play a key role in Earth Science missions wherein multiple copies of the same RADAR instrument are launched in desirable formations. This will allow for the measurement of atmospheric processes over a short, evolutionary timescale. Such RADAR instruments require a high-gain antenna that fits in a constrained and limited volume. This paper introduces a 42.6 dBi gain mesh deployable antenna folding in a 1.5U stowage volume suitable for 6U class CubeSats. C1 [Chahat, Nacer; Hodges, Richard; Sander, Jonathan; Thomson, Mark] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Chahat, Nacer; Rahmat-Samii, Yahya] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Chahat, N (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM nacer.e.chahat@jpl.nasagov; rahmat@ee.ucla.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1531 EP 1532 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100741 ER PT S AU Hodges, RE Chahat, NE Hoppe, DJ Vacchione, JD AF Hodges, Richard E. Chahat, Nacer E. Hoppe, Daniel J. Vacchione, Joseph D. GP IEEE TI The Mars Cube One Deployable High Gain Antenna SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB Mars Cube One (MarCO) is the first CubeSat mission developed for operation at Mars. MarCO will provide a bent pipe telecom relay to Earth for NASA's InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) mission during its Entry, Descent, and Landing (EDL) sequence. The MarCO High Gain Antenna (HGA) is a key enabling technology for this mission and presents a tremendous technical challenge due to the limited mass and volume of a 6U CubeSat. This paper presents the design and performance of the circularly polarized X-Band deployable reflectarray developed for MarCO. C1 [Hodges, Richard E.; Chahat, Nacer E.; Hoppe, Daniel J.; Vacchione, Joseph D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Hodges, RE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Richard.E.Hodges@jpl.nasa.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1533 EP 1534 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100742 ER PT S AU Liu, XY Liu, JS Jackson, DR Chen, J Fink, PW Lin, GY AF Liu, Xinyu Liu, Jingshen Jackson, David R. Chen, Ji Fink, Patrick W. Lin, Gregory Y. GP IEEE TI Broadband Transparent Circularly-Polarized Microstrip Antennas for CubeSats SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers DE CubeSat; microstrip antenna; circular polarization; transparent; meshed patch; broadband; dual-resonance AB Transparent broadband circularly-polarized (CP) microstrip antennas on a quartz or Lexan substrate are developed for CubeSats. Two designs for the 2.4 GHz ISM band are presented. Both designs use a wire mesh for the antenna and ground plane. C1 [Liu, Xinyu; Liu, Jingshen; Jackson, David R.; Chen, Ji] Univ Houston, Dept ECE, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Fink, Patrick W.; Lin, Gregory Y.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept ECE, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM amyleeathust@gmail.com; fdiarla@gmail.com; djackson@uh.edu; jchen23@central.uh.edu; patrick.w.fink@nasa.gov; greg.y.lin@nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1545 EP 1546 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100748 ER PT S AU Novak, MH Volakis, JL Miranda, FA AF Novak, Markus H. Volakis, John L. Miranda, Felix A. GP IEEE TI Low Cost Ultra-Wideband Millimeter-Wave Array SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB Wideband millimeter-wave arrays are of increasing importance for a growing number of communications or sensing applications. Existing arrays are either narrow-band, prohibitively expensive, or cannot be scaled. In this paper, we present a new class of low-cost ultra-wideband millimeter-wave array operating across the Ka-W bands (26-86 GHz). The proposed design concept and the optimized layout are presented and validated. C1 [Novak, Markus H.; Volakis, John L.] Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Miranda, Felix A.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Novak, MH (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1841 EP 1842 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100893 ER PT S AU Foltz, H Kegege, O Altunc, S AF Foltz, Heinrich Kegege, Obadiah Altunc, Serhat GP IEEE TI Direction Finding Using an Antenna with Direction Dependent Impulse Response SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB Wideband antennas may be designed to have an impulse response that is direction dependent. This property can be used for angle-of-arrival estimation using a single fixed antenna, without the need for an array or antenna rotation. The method is demonstrated using a simple candelabra-shaped monopole operating in the 1-3 GHz range. A known transmitted pulse and high signal-to-noise ratio are needed, and the method is not as accurate or robust as conventional methods. However, it can add direction finding capability to a wideband communication system without additional hardware requirements. C1 [Foltz, Heinrich] UTRGV, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Kegege, Obadiah; Altunc, Serhat] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Foltz, H (reprint author), UTRGV, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. EM heinrich.foltz@utrgv.edu; obadiah.kegege@nasa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 1857 EP 1858 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377100901 ER PT S AU Fenni, I Haddad, ZS Roussel, H Mittra, R AF Fenni, Ines Haddad, Ziad S. Roussel, Helene Mittra, Raj GP IEEE TI Application of 3D MoM/CBFM technique to the Problem of Electromagnetic Scattering by Complex-Shaped Precipitation Particles SO 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Fajardo, PR SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Antennas & Propagat Soc, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers AB The Characteristic Basis Function Method (CBFM) is applied to a 3D full-wave model, in conjunction with the volume-integral equation formulation (VIEF), in the frequency range of 1-35 GHz to calculate the electromagnetic scattering properties of complex-shaped precipitation particles in an efficient and accurate manner. Preliminary results derived by the use of the new approach are shown to be in good agreement with those obtained with the discrete dipole approximation and the Mie theory for the test example of a spherical particle. C1 [Fenni, Ines; Haddad, Ziad S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Roussel, Helene] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UR2, L2E, F-75005 Paris, France. [Mittra, Raj] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Mittra, Raj] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. RP Fenni, I (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM Ines.Fenni@jpl.nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-3965 BN 978-1-5090-2886-3 J9 IEEE ANTENNAS PROP PY 2016 BP 2107 EP 2108 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG3XZ UT WOS:000388377101022 ER PT S AU Lardizabal, S Hwang, KC Kotce, J Brown, A Fung, A AF Lardizabal, S. Hwang, K. C. Kotce, J. Brown, A. Fung, A. GP IEEE TI Wideband W-Band GaN LNA MMIC with State-of-the-Art Noise Figure SO 2016 IEEE COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SYMPOSIUM (CSICS) SE IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium Technical Digest LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium (IEEE CSICS) CY OCT 23-26, 2016 CL Austin, TX SP IEEE Electron Devices Soc, IEEE Solid State Circuits Soc, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc, IEEE DE Cloud Radar; Earth Science; Gallium Nitride; Low Noise Amplifiers; W-Band AB W-band GaN amplifiers developed for the NASA Earth Science Technology Office, ESTO, enable compact active electronically steerable arrays (AESA's) for cloud Doppler radar. This paper describes the design fabrication and test of 100 nm GaN HEMT low noise amplifiers for NASA's latest 3-band Doppler radar instrument concept. Our results show state-of-the-art performance for a 92 GHz to 96 GHz channel with gain greater than 17 dB and noise figure less than 5 dB. Detailed on-wafer testing shows record low measured noise figure of 3.0 dB with 20 dB of gain and dc power of 128 mW using a 5 Volt supply. C1 [Lardizabal, S.; Hwang, K. C.; Kotce, J.; Brown, A.] Raytheon Co, Andover, MA 01810 USA. [Fung, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Lardizabal, S (reprint author), Raytheon Co, Andover, MA 01810 USA. EM steven_lardizabal@raytheon.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-8781 BN 978-1-5090-1608-2 J9 COMP SEMICOND INTEGR PY 2016 BP 245 EP 248 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG7LU UT WOS:000391432400060 ER PT J AU Buchroithner, A Ganapathi, GB Nataraj, S Kindler, A AF Buchroithner, Armin Ganapathi, Gani B. Nataraj, Sai Kindler, Andrew GP IEEE TI Designing an Autonomous Power System for a Stand-Alone Heliostat Enabling Low-Cost Concentrated Solar Power SO 2016 IEEE GREEN ENERGY AND SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (IGSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Green Energy and Systems Conference CY NOV 06-07, 2016 CL Long Beach, CA SP IEEE DE heliostat; concentrated solar power; stand-alone power stystem; photovoltaic AB Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) offers a number of advantages over photovoltaic at large scale power generation, such as lower cost and the option of thermal energy storage. However, the costs of a power tower plant are dominated by heliostats, which are usually 50% of the entire facility. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory was awarded funding by the DOE SunShot Initiative to develop a low-cost, rigid foam-based solar concentrator to meet installed cost goals of $75/m(2) versus current costs of S200-250/m(2). One of the key features of the newly developed design is the stand-alone power system based on PV-panels and a Li-Fe-battery, which reduces operation and installation costs. The approach was validated by building and testing of a small-scale (6m(2)) heliostat prototype. 'the design process and findings are described in detail. C1 [Buchroithner, Armin] Graz Univ Technol, Inst Machine Elements & Dev Methods, Graz, Austria. [Ganapathi, Gani B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Nataraj, Sai] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Kindler, Andrew] DMF Lighting, Carson, CA USA. RP Buchroithner, A (reprint author), Graz Univ Technol, Inst Machine Elements & Dev Methods, Graz, Austria. EM armin.buchroithner@tugraz.at FU SunShot CSP R&D Funding Opportunity [DE-FOA-0000595]; L'Garde Inc FX This project was funded by SunShot CSP R&D Funding Opportunity DE-FOA-0000595 with a cost share of L'Garde Inc. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2294-6 PY 2016 PG 6 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BG7OU UT WOS:000391536500001 ER PT J AU Buchroithner, A Ganapathi, GB Palisoc, A AF Buchroithner, Armin Ganapathi, Gani B. Palisoc, Art GP IEEE TI Estimating Costs of Heliostat Production at High Volumes Based on a Small-Scale Prototype SO 2016 IEEE GREEN ENERGY AND SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (IGSEC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Green Energy and Systems Conference CY NOV 06-07, 2016 CL Long Beach, CA SP IEEE DE heliostat; concentrated solar power; cost estimate; heliostat serial production AB Reducing the costs of heliostats is crucial for the worldwide deployment of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP). CSP offers a number of advantages over photovoltaic at large scale power generation, such as lower cost and the option of thermal energy storage. However, the costs of a power tower plant are dominated by heliostats, which are usually 50% of the entire facility. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory was awarded funding by the DOE SunShot Initiative to develop a low-cost, rigid foam based solar concentrator to meet installed cost goals of $75/m(2) vs. current costs of similar to S200-250/m(2).The design approach was validated by building and testing of a small-scale (6m(2)) heliostat prototype. Based on the findings of this prototype costs estimates for high production volume using industrial manufacturing technologies were conducted. The findings of these studies as well as lessons learned from manufacturing of the prototype are presented in this paper. C1 [Buchroithner, Armin] Graz Univ Technol, Inst Machine Elements & Dev Methods, Graz, Austria. [Ganapathi, Gani B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Palisoc, Art] LGarde Inc, Tustin, CA USA. RP Buchroithner, A (reprint author), Graz Univ Technol, Inst Machine Elements & Dev Methods, Graz, Austria. EM armin.buchroithner@tugraz.at FU DOE's SunShot CSP RD [DE-FOA-0000595]; L'Garde Inc FX This project was funded by DOE's SunShot CSP R&D funding Opportunity DE-FOA-0000595 with a cost share of L'Garde Inc. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2294-6 PY 2016 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BG7OU UT WOS:000391536500002 ER PT S AU Carter, C Moore, CS Hennessy, J Jewell, AD Nikzad, S France, K AF Carter, Christian Moore, Christopher Samuel Hennessy, John Jewell, April D. Nikzad, Shouleh France, Kevin BE Khounsary, AM Goto, S Morawe, C TI Characterizing environmental effects on visible and UV reflectance of ALD-coated optics SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY/EUV OPTICS AND COMPONENTS XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components XI held as part of the SPIE International Symposium on Optics + Photonics CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Ultraviolet; visible; astronomy; atomic layer deposition; ALD; lithium fluoride; LiF; reflectance; thin-film optics AB Numerous atomic and molecular transitions that provide important diagnostics for astrophysical research exist in the Lyman-ultraviolet (LUV; 91.2 - 121.6 nm) and far-ultraviolet (FUV; 121.6 - 200 nm) bandpasses. Future astronomy and planetary science missions require the development of mirror coatings with improved reflectance between 90 - 200 nm which maintain optical performance in visible and IR wavelengths (320 - 2000 nm). Towards this end, we have developed an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for optical coatings to enhance the efficiency of future space observatories. We measured the reflectance from 115-826 nm of sample optics, consisting of silicon wafers coated with lithium fluoride films deposited via ALD. We also measured the reflectance of sample optics stored in various environments, and characterized the effect of storage environment on visible and UV optical performance over week-long time scales. Minimal change in optical performance was observed for wavelengths between 200 and 800 nm, regardless of storage environment. C1 [Carter, Christian; Moore, Christopher Samuel; France, Kevin] Univ Colorado, Astrophys & Planetary Sci Dept, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Carter, Christian; Moore, Christopher Samuel; France, Kevin] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Carter, Christian; Moore, Christopher Samuel; France, Kevin] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hennessy, John; Jewell, April D.; Nikzad, Shouleh] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Carter, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Astrophys & Planetary Sci Dept, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Carter, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Carter, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Christian.Carter@Colorado.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0317-2; 978-1-5106-0318-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9963 AR UNSP 99630V DI 10.1117/12.2238198 PG 8 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG7JJ UT WOS:000391364700016 ER PT S AU Engin, D Mathason, B Stephen, M Yu, A Cao, H Fouron, JL Storm, M AF Engin, Doruk Mathason, Brian Stephen, Mark Yu, Anthony Cao, He Fouron, Jean-Luc Storm, Mark BE Ballato, J TI High energy, narrow linewidth 1572nm ErYb-fiber based MOPA for a multi-aperture CO2 trace-gas laser space transmitter SO FIBER LASERS XIII: TECHNOLOGY, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fiber Lasers XIII -Technology, Systems, and Applications CY FEB 15-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE, NKT Photon A S, PolarOnyx Inc DE Fiber; Erbium-Ytterbium; fiber amplifier; Stimulated Brillouin Scattering AB A cladding-pumped, LMA ErYb fiber-based, amplifier is presented for use in a LIDAR transmitter for remote sensing of atmospheric CO2 from space. The amplifier is optimized for high peak power, high efficiency, and narrow linewidth operation at 1572.3nm. Using highly reliable COTS components, the amplifier achieves 0.5kW peak power (440uJ pulse energy), 3.3W average power with transform limited (TL) linewidth and M-2<1.3. The power amplifier supports a 30% increase in pulse energy when linewidth is increased to 100MHz. A preliminary conductively cooled laser optical module (LOM) concept has size 9x10x1.25 in (113 in(3)) and estimated weight of 7.2lb (3.2 kg). Energy scaling with pulse width up to 645uJ, 1.5usec is demonstrated. A novel doubleclad ErYb LMA fiber (30/250um) with high pump absorption (6 dB/m at 915nm) was designed, fabricated, and characterized for power scaling. The upgraded power amplifier achieves 0.8kW peak power (720uJ pulse energy) 5.4W average power with TL linewidth and M-2<1.5. C1 [Engin, Doruk; Mathason, Brian; Cao, He; Fouron, Jean-Luc; Storm, Mark] Fibertek Inc, 13605 Dulles Technol Dr, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Stephen, Mark; Yu, Anthony] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Engin, D (reprint author), Fibertek Inc, 13605 Dulles Technol Dr, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-963-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9728 AR UNSP 97282S DI 10.1117/12.2212481 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BG7JR UT WOS:000391388500068 ER PT S AU Soibel, A Ting, DZY Rafol, B Khoshakhlagh, A Fisher, A Keo, SA Gunapala, SD AF Soibel, Alexander Ting, David Z. -Y. Rafol, B. Khoshakhlagh, Arezou Fisher, Anita Keo, Sam. A. Gunapala, Sarath D. BE LeVan, PD Sood, AK Wijewarnasuriya, P DSouza, AI TI Performance and radiation tolerance of InAs/GaSb LWIR detectors based on CBIRD design SO INFRARED SENSORS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Sensors, Devices, and Applications VI CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE unipolar barrier; heterostructure; infrared; photodetector; superlattice ID SUPERLATTICES AB We report our recent developments of antimonide based infrared photodetectors utilizing a complementary barrier infrared detector (CBIRD) design. The new generation of devices can operate close to zero bias with the same quantum efficiency as the initial design. 320x256 pixel long-wavelength infrared focal plane arrays utilizing optimized design have been demonstrated with 8.8 mu m cutoff wavelength and noise equivalent differential temperature of 26 mK at operating temperature of 80 K for 300 K background and f/2 optics. As CBIRD detectors became valuable candidates for space-based instruments, question of their radiation tolerance became important. Here, we report our investigations of the proton irradiation effects on the photodetector performance. C1 [Soibel, Alexander; Ting, David Z. -Y.; Rafol, B.; Khoshakhlagh, Arezou; Fisher, Anita; Keo, Sam. A.; Gunapala, Sarath D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Soibel, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Alexander.Soibel@jpl.nasa.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0339-4; 978-1-5106-0340-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9974 AR UNSP 99740L DI 10.1117/12.2242396 PG 9 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG6UH UT WOS:000390844000014 ER PT S AU Elbakary, MI Iftekhaurddin, KM De Young, R Afrifa, K AF Elbakary, Mohamed I. Iftekhaurddin, Khan M. De Young, Russell Afrifa, Kwasi BE Iftekharuddin, KM Awwal, AAS Vazquez, MG Marquez, A Matin, MA TI Aerosol Detection Methods in Lidar-Based Atmospheric Profiling SO OPTICS AND PHOTONICS FOR INFORMATION PROCESSING X SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Conference on Optics and Photonics for Information Processing CY AUG 29-30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Aerosols; lidar; aerosols detection ID SPECTRAL-RESOLUTION LIDAR; INVERSION; CLOUD AB A compact light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system provides aerosols profile measurements by identifying the aerosol scattering ratio as function of the altitude. The aerosol scattering ratios are used to obtain multiple aerosol intensive ratio parameters known as backscatter color ratio, depolarization ratio and lidar ratio. The aerosol ratio parameters are known to vary with aerosol type, size, and shape. Different methods in the literature are employed for detection and classification of aerosol from the measurements. In this paper, a comprehensive review for aerosol detection methods is presented. In addition, results of implemented methods of quantifying aerosols in the atmosphere on real data are compared and presented showing how the backscatter color, depolarization and lidar ratios vary with presence of aerosols in the atmosphere. C1 [Elbakary, Mohamed I.; Iftekhaurddin, Khan M.; Afrifa, Kwasi] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [De Young, Russell] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Elbakary, MI (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0331-8; 978-1-5106-0332-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9970 AR UNSP 997002 DI 10.1117/12.2238635 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG7JB UT WOS:000391357500002 ER PT S AU Choi, MK AF Choi, Michael K. BE Hughes, GB TI Using microporous polytetrafluoroethylene thin sheets as a flexible solar diffuser to minimize sunlight glint to cameras in space SO PLANETARY DEFENSE AND SPACE ENVIRONMENT APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Optics+Photonics Conference on Planetary Defense and Space Environment Applications CY AUG 30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE flexible solar diffuser; microporous PTFE; stray-light diffuser; microporous PTFE thin sheets; diffuse MLI outer cover; diffuse mechanical structure surface; black PTFE; white PTFE AB An innovative design of using microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thin sheets as a solar diffuser for multilayer insulation (MLI) blankets or mechanical structure has been developed. It minimizes sunlight or stray-light glint to cameras when it is incident on these components in space. A microporous black PTFE thin sheet solar diffuser has been qualified for flight at NASA GSFC and installed to the Touch And Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism (TAGSAM) arm MLI, OCAMS PolyCam sunshade MLI and OCAMS SamCam motor riser MLI in the NASA Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission to meet the SamCam camera bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) requirement. C1 [Choi, Michael K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Choi, MK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM michael.k.choi@nasa.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0353-0; 978-1-5106-0354-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9981 AR 99810E DI 10.1117/12.2240269 PG 19 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7HH UT WOS:000391293400012 ER PT S AU Mani, V Prasad, NS Kelkar, A AF Mani, Venkat Prasad, Narasimha S. Kelkar, Ajit BE Hughes, GB TI Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Fiber Epoxy Composite Hybridized with Gadolinium and Boron Nanoparticles for Radiation Shielding SO PLANETARY DEFENSE AND SPACE ENVIRONMENT APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Optics+Photonics Conference on Planetary Defense and Space Environment Applications CY AUG 30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Radiation shielding; GCR; ultrahigh molecular weight poly ethylene (UHMWPE); VARTM ID NANOTUBE-POLYMER COMPOSITES; CARBON NANOTUBES AB Deep space radiations pose a major threat to the astronauts and their spacecraft during long duration space exploration missions. The two sources of radiation that are of concern are the galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) and the short lived secondary neutron radiations that are generated as a result of fragmentation that occurs when GCR strikes target nuclei in a spacecraft. Energy loss, during the interaction of GCR and the shielding material, increases with the charge to mass ratio of the shielding material. Hydrogen with no neutron in its nucleus has the highest charge to mass ratio and is the element which is the most effective shield against GCR. Some of the polymers because of their higher hydrogen content also serve as radiation shield materials. Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers, apart from possessing radiation shielding properties by the virtue of the high hydrogen content, are known for extraordinary properties. An effective radiation shielding material is the one that will offer protection from GCR and impede the secondary neutron radiations resulting from the fragmentation process. Neutrons, which result from fragmentation, do not respond to the Coulombic interaction that shield against GCR. To prevent the deleterious effects of secondary neutrons, targets such as Gadolinium are required. In this paper, the radiation shielding studies that were carried out on the fabricated sandwich panels by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process are presented. VARTM is a manufacturing process used for making large composite structures by infusing resin into base materials formed with woven fabric or fiber using vacuum pressure. Using the VARTM process, the hybridization of Epoxy/UHMWPE composites with Gadolinium nanoparticles, Boron, and Boron carbide nanoparticles in the form of sandwich panels were successfully carried out. The preliminary results from neutron radiation tests show that greater than 99% shielding performance was achieved with these sandwich panels. Moreover, the mechanical testing and thermo-physical analysis performed show that core materials can preserve their thermo-physical and mechanical integrity after radiation. C1 [Mani, Venkat] AmChemteq Inc, 7052 S Eagle Valley Rd, Port Matilda, PA 16801 USA. [Prasad, Narasimha S.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 5 N Dryden St,MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Kelkar, Ajit] NCAT, 2907 E Gate City Blvd,Ste,208-C, Greensboro, NC 27401 USA. RP Prasad, NS (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 5 N Dryden St,MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM narasimha.s.prasad@nasa.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0353-0; 978-1-5106-0354-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9981 AR 99810D DI 10.1117/12.2240135 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7HH UT WOS:000391293400011 ER PT S AU Ott, MN Thomes, WJ Onuma, E Switzer, R Chuska, R Blair, D Frese, E Matyseck, M AF Ott, Melanie N. Thomes, W. Joe Onuma, Eleanya Switzer, Robert Chuska, Richard Blair, Diana Frese, Erich Matyseck, Marc BE Hughes, GB TI The fiber optic system for the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) instrument SO PLANETARY DEFENSE AND SPACE ENVIRONMENT APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Optics+Photonics Conference on Planetary Defense and Space Environment Applications CY AUG 30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE fiber optic; LIDAR; space flight; optic; connector; array; bundle; radiation AB The Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) Instrument has been in integration and testing over the past 18 months in preparation for the Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite - 2 (ICESat-2) Mission, scheduled to launch in 2017. ICESat-2 is the follow on to ICESat which launched in 2003 and operated until 2009. ATLAS will measure the elevation of ice sheets, glaciers and sea ice or the "cryosphere" (as well as terrain) to provide data for assessing the earth's global climate changes. Where ICESat's instrument, the Geo-Science Laser Altimeter (GLAS) used a single beam measured with a 70 m spot on the ground and a distance between spots of 170 m, ATLAS will measure a spot size of 10 m with a spacing of 70 cm using six beams to measure terrain height changes as small as 4 mm.[1] The ATLAS pulsed transmission system consists of two lasers operating at 532 nm with transmitter optics for beam steering, a diffractive optical element that splits the signal into 6 separate beams, receivers for start pulse detection and a wavelength tracking system. The optical receiver telescope system consists of optics that focus all six beams into optical fibers that feed a filter system that transmits the signal via fiber assemblies to the detectors. Also included on the instrument is a system that calibrates the alignment of the transmitted pulses to the receiver optics for precise signal capture. The larger electro optical subsystems for transmission, calibration, and signal receive, stay aligned and transmitting sufficiently due to the optical fiber system that links them together. The robust design of the fiber optic system, consisting of a variety of multi fiber arrays and simplex assemblies with multiple fiber core sizes and types, will enable the system to maintain consistent critical alignments for the entire life of the mission. Some of the development approaches used to meet the challenging optical system requirements for ATLAS are discussed here. C1 [Ott, Melanie N.; Thomes, W. Joe; Onuma, Eleanya] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Switzer, Robert; Chuska, Richard; Blair, Diana; Frese, Erich; Matyseck, Marc] ASRC Fed AS&D, 7000 Muirkirk Meadows Dr, Laurel, MD 20707 USA. RP Ott, MN (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM melanie.ott@nasa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0353-0; 978-1-5106-0354-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9981 AR 99810C DI 10.1117/12.2238561 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7HH UT WOS:000391293400010 ER PT S AU Prasad, NS Yang, CSC Jin, F Jia, K Brown, E Hommerich, U Jia, YQ Trivedi, S Wijewarnasuriya, P Decuir, E Samuels, AC AF Prasad, Narasimha S. Yang, Clayton S. -C. Jin, Feng Jia, Ken Brown, EiEi Hommerich, Uwe Jia, Yingqing Trivedi, Sudhir Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal Decuir, Eric Samuels, Alan C. BE Hughes, GB TI Probing organic residues on Martian regolith simulants using a long-wave infrared laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy linear array detection system SO PLANETARY DEFENSE AND SPACE ENVIRONMENT APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Optics+Photonics Conference on Planetary Defense and Space Environment Applications CY AUG 30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE laser induced breakdown spectroscopy; long-wave infrared; chemical detection; molecular vibrational spectroscopy ID ENERGETIC MATERIALS; EMISSIONS; LIBS AB Recently, a mercury-cadmium-telluride (MCT) linear array detection system that is capable of rapidly capturing (similar to 1-5 second) a broad spectrum of atomic and molecular laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) emissions in the long-wave infrared region (LWIR, similar to 5.6 to 10 mu m) has been developed. Similar to the conventional Ultraviolet (UV)-Visible ( Vis) LIBS, a broad band emission spectrum of condensed phase samples covering the entire 5.6 to 10 mu m region can be acquired from just a single laser-induced micro-plasma or averaging a few single laser-induced micro-plasmas. This setup has enabled probing samples "as is" without the need for extensive sample preparation and also offers the possibility of a simultaneous UV-Vis and LWIR LIBS measurement. A Martian regolith simulant (JSC Mars-1A) was studied with this novel Vis + LWIR LIBS array system. A broad SiO2 vibrational emission feature around 9.5 mu m and multiple strong emission features between 6.5 to 8 mu m can be clearly identified. The 6.5 to 8 mu m features are possibly from biological impurities of the simulant. JSC Mars-1A samples with organic methyl salicylate (MeS, wintergreen oil) and Dimethyl methyl-phosphonate ( DMMP) residues were also probed using the LWIR LIBS array system. Both molecular spectral signature around 6.5 mu m and 9.5 mu m of Martian regolith simulant and MeS and DMMP molecular signature emissions, such as Aromatic CC stretching band at 7.5 mu m, C-CH3O asymmetric deformation at 7.6 mu m, and P=O stretching band at 7.9 mu m, are clearly observed from the LIBS emission spectra in the LWIR region. C1 [Prasad, Narasimha S.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 5 N Dryden St,MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Yang, Clayton S. -C.; Samuels, Alan C.] Battelle Eastern Sci & Technol Ctr, Aberdeen, MD 21001 USA. [Jin, Feng; Jia, Ken; Jia, Yingqing; Trivedi, Sudhir] Brimrose Corp America, Baltimore, MD 21152 USA. [Brown, EiEi; Hommerich, Uwe] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal; Decuir, Eric] Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. US Army, Res Labs, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Prasad, NS (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, 5 N Dryden St,MS 468, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM narasimha.s.prasad@nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0353-0; 978-1-5106-0354-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9981 AR 99810I DI 10.1117/12.2242901 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7HH UT WOS:000391293400016 ER PT S AU Thomes, WJ Ott, MN Chuska, R Switzer, R Onuma, E Blair, D Frese, E Matyseck, M AF Thomes, W. Joe Ott, Melanie N. Chuska, Richard Switzer, Robert Onuma, Eleanya Blair, Diana Frese, Erich Matyseck, Marc BE Hughes, GB TI Cryogenic fiber optic assemblies for spaceflight environments: design, manufacturing, testing, and integration SO PLANETARY DEFENSE AND SPACE ENVIRONMENT APPLICATIONS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Optics+Photonics Conference on Planetary Defense and Space Environment Applications CY AUG 30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Space flight; Fiber Optic; Cryogenic; Photonics; JWST; thermal vacuum; ICESat AB Fiber optic assemblies have been used on spaceflight missions for many years as an enabling technology for routing, transmitting, and detecting optical signals. Due to the overwhelming success of NASA in implementing fiber optic assemblies on spaceflight science-based instruments, system scientists increasingly request fibers that perform in extreme environments while still maintaining very high optical transmission, stability, and reliability. Many new applications require fiber optic assemblies that will operate down to cryogenic temperatures as low as 20 Kelvin. In order for the fiber assemblies to operate with little loss in optical throughput at these extreme temperatures requires a system level approach all the way from how the fiber assembly is manufactured to how it is held, routed, and integrated. The NASA Goddard Code 562 Photonics Group has been designing, manufacturing, testing, and integrating fiber optics for spaceflight and other high reliability applications for nearly 20 years. Design techniques and lessons learned over the years are consistently applied to developing new fiber optic assemblies that meet these demanding environments. System level trades, fiber assembly design methods, manufacturing, testing, and integration will be discussed. Specific recent examples of ground support equipment for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST); the Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2); and others will be included. C1 [Thomes, W. Joe; Ott, Melanie N.; Onuma, Eleanya] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chuska, Richard; Switzer, Robert; Blair, Diana; Frese, Erich; Matyseck, Marc] AS&D Inc, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Thomes, WJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM joe.thomes@nasa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0353-0; 978-1-5106-0354-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9981 AR 99810F DI 10.1117/12.2238579 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7HH UT WOS:000391293400013 ER PT J AU Mattmann, CA Sharan, M AF Mattmann, Chris A. Sharan, Madhav GP IEEE TI An Automatic Approach for Discovering and Geocoding Locations in Domain-Specific Web Data SO PROCEEDINGS OF 2016 IEEE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION REUSE AND INTEGRATION (IEEE IRI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration CY JUL 28-30, 2016 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Informat Sci, IBM, Almaden Inst AB We present an automatic approach for discovering location names in WWW data culled from diverse domains. Our approach builds upon the Apache Tika, Apache OpenNLP, and Apache Lucene frameworks. Tika is used to extract text and metadata from any file. The text and metadata are provided to Apache OpenNLP and its location entity extraction model. The discovered location entities are then delivered to a gazetteer indexed in Apache Lucene derived from the Geonames.org dataset. This paper describes the overall approach and then explains in detail the challenges we faced, and the methodology that we employed to overcome them. We describe the evolution of our geo gazetteer process and algorithm and demonstrate the approach's accuracy in data collected in the DARPA MEMEX and NSF Polar Cyber Infrastructure efforts. C1 [Mattmann, Chris A.; Sharan, Madhav] Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Mattmann, Chris A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Mattmann, CA (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.; Mattmann, CA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM mattmann@usc.edu; msharan@usc.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3207-5 PY 2016 BP 87 EP 93 DI 10.1109/IRI.2016.19 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG7KA UT WOS:000391397100010 ER PT J AU Gowda, T Mattmann, C AF Gowda, Thamme Mattmann, Chris GP IEEE TI Clustering Web Pages Based on Structure and Style Similarity SO PROCEEDINGS OF 2016 IEEE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION REUSE AND INTEGRATION (IEEE IRI) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration CY JUL 28-30, 2016 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Informat Sci, IBM, Almaden Inst ID DISTANCE AB We consider cluster analysis task on web pages based on various techniques to group the pages. While grouping the web pages based on the semantic meaning expressed in the content is required for some applications, we focus on clustering based on the web page structure and style for applications like categorization, cleaning, schema detection and automatic extractions. This paper describes some of the applications of similarity measures and a clustering technique to group the web pages into clusters. The structural similarity of HTML pages is measured by using Tree Edit Distance measure on DOM trees. The stylistic similarity is measured by using Jaccard similarity on CSS class names. An aggregated similarity measure is computed by combining structural and stylistic measures. A clustering method is then applied to this aggregated similarity measure to group the documents. C1 [Gowda, Thamme; Mattmann, Chris] Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Mattmann, Chris] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Gowda, T (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM thammegowda.n@usc.edu; mattmann@usc.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3207-5 PY 2016 BP 175 EP 180 DI 10.1109/IRI.2016.30 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG7KA UT WOS:000391397100021 ER PT J AU Chang, YTS Jin, H Bauer, J AF Chang, Yan-Tyng Sherry Jin, Henry Bauer, John GP IEEE TI Methodology and Application of HPC I/O Characterization with MPIProf and IOT SO PROCEEDINGS OF ESPT 2016: 5TH WORKSHOP ON EXTREME-SCALE PROGRAMMING TOOLS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th Workshop on Extreme-Scale Programming Tools (ESPT) CY NOV 13-18, 2016 CL Salt Lake City, UT SP IEEE Comp Soc, ACM, Sighpc DE MPI I/O; POSIX I/O; Lustre; Stripe count AB Combining the strengths of MPIProf and IOT, an efficient and systematic method is devised for I/O characterization at the per-job, per-rank, per-file and per-call levels of programs running on the high-performance computing resources at the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) facility. This method is applied to four I/O questions in this paper. A total of 13 MPI programs and 15 cases, ranging from 24 to 5968 ranks, are analyzed to establish the I/O landscape from answers to the four questions. Four of the 13 programs use MPI I/O, and the behavior of their collective writes depends on the specific implementation of the MPI library used. The SGI MPT library, the prevailing MPI library for NAS systems, was found to automatically gather small writes from a large number of ranks in order to perform larger writes by a small subset of collective buffering ranks. The number of collective buffering ranks invoked by MPT depends on the Lustre stripe count and the number of nodes used for the run. A demonstration of varying the stripe count to achieve double-digit speedup of one program's I/O was presented. Another program, which concurrently opens private files by all ranks and could potentially create a heavy load on the Lustre servers, was identified. The ability to systematically characterize I/O for a large number of programs running on a supercomputer, seek I/O optimization opportunity, and identify programs that could cause a high load and instability on the filesystems is important for pursuing exascale in a real production environment. C1 [Chang, Yan-Tyng Sherry; Jin, Henry] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, NASA Adv Supercomp Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Bauer, John] I O Doctors LLC, 15054 Cty Rd 20,POB 223, Hanska, MN 56041 USA. RP Chang, YTS (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, NASA Adv Supercomp Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM sherry.chang@nasa.gov; haoqiang.jin@nasa.gov; bauerj@iodoctors.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3918-0 PY 2016 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG7JL UT WOS:000391372200001 ER PT S AU Yueh, S Fore, A Tang, WQ Hayashi, A Stiles, B Zhang, FQ Weng, YH Reul, N AF Yueh, Simon Fore, Alexander Tang, Wenqing Hayashi, Akiko Stiles, Bryan Zhang, Fuqing Weng, Yonghui Reul, Nicolas BE Bostater, CR Neyt, X Nichol, C Aldred, O TI Applications of SMAP Data to Retrieval of Ocean Surface Wind and Salinity SO REMOTE SENSING OF THE OCEAN, SEA ICE, COASTAL WATERS, AND LARGE WATER REGIONS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing of the Ocean, Sea Ice, Coastal Waters, and Large Water Regions CY SEP 26-27, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE hurricane; microwave remote sensing; ocean surface wind; sea surface salinity; radar; radiometer ID ALGORITHM AB We have examined the L-band radiometer and radar data from NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission for ocean research and applications. We find that the SMAP data are in excellent agreement with the geophysical model function (GMF) derived from the Aquarius data up to a wind speed of 20 ms(-1). For severe wind conditions, the higher resolution data from SMAP allowed us to assess the sensitivity of L-band radiometer signals to hurricane force winds. We applied the L-band GMF to the retrieval of ocean surface wind and SSS from the SMAP data. Comparison with the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting, WindSat and RapidSCAT wind speeds suggests that SMAP's radiometer wind speed reaches an excellent accuracy of about 1.1-1.7 ms(-1) below a wind speed of 20 ms(-1). We have also found that the maximum wind speed derived from the SMAP radiometer data can reach 140 knots for severe storms and are generally in good agreement with the hurricane track analysis and operational aircraft Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer wind speeds. The spatial patterns of the SMAP SSS agree well with climatological distributions, but exhibit several unique spatial and temporal features. C1 [Yueh, Simon; Fore, Alexander; Tang, Wenqing; Hayashi, Akiko; Stiles, Bryan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, Fuqing; Weng, Yonghui] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Reul, Nicolas] IFREMER, LOPS, Plouzane, France. RP Yueh, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0402-5; 978-1-5106-0403-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9999 AR UNSP 99990F DI 10.1117/12.2240710 PG 8 WC Oceanography; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Oceanography; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BG7IW UT WOS:000391353700013 ER PT J AU Herzig, SJI Berx, K Gadeyne, K Witters, M Paredis, CJJ AF Herzig, Sebastian J. I. Berx, Kristof Gadeyne, Klaas Witters, Maarten Paredis, Christiaan J. J. GP IEEE TI Computational Design Synthesis for Conceptual Design of Robotic Assembly Cells SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (ISSE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Annual IEEE International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE) CY OCT 03-05, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP IEEE, IEEE Syst Council ID CONFIGURATION-DESIGN; SPACE AB Design synthesis is a fundamental engineering task that encompasses mapping a functional specification to a set of physical components and their topological relationships, where the mappings are typically non-unique. Even for moderately complex systems the consideration of all possible mappings is typically not feasible, making a manual exploration of the full design space impossible. In practice, this limitation often leads to sub-optimal designs. In this paper, we introduce a computational approach to design synthesis in conceptual design. Our approach is based around representing a design problem formally using SysML, and transforming this representation to a mixed-integer linear program. The generated mathematical optimization problem is then solved, and the mathematically optimal solution is transformed back to a SysML-based representation. We demonstrate our approach using the conceptual design of a robotic manufacturing cell as an example. C1 [Herzig, Sebastian J. I.; Paredis, Christiaan J. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Berx, Kristof; Gadeyne, Klaas; Witters, Maarten] Flanders Make, Leuven, Belgium. NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Herzig, Sebastian J. I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Herzig, SJI (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, GW Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0793-6 PY 2016 BP 405 EP 412 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG7DN UT WOS:000391238500062 ER PT S AU Apaza, R Abraham, B Maeda, T AF Apaza, Rafael Abraham, Biruk Maeda, Toshihide GP IEEE TI AAtS over AeroMACS Technology Trials on the Airport Surface SO 2016 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (ICNS) SE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Herndon, VA C1 [Apaza, Rafael] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Abraham, Biruk] FAA, Washington, DC USA. [Maeda, Toshihide] Hitachi Ltd, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. RP Apaza, R (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM Rafael.Apaza@NASA.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-4943 BN 978-1-5090-2149-9 J9 INTEG COMMUN NAVIG PY 2016 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6TZ UT WOS:000390843200091 ER PT S AU Correas, A Apaza, R AF Correas, Antonio Apaza, Rafael GP IEEE TI Aircraft Access to SWIM (AAtS) for Airport Surface Operations: a System Design Methodology SO 2016 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (ICNS) SE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Herndon, VA C1 [Correas, Antonio] Skymantics, Washington, DC USA. [Apaza, Rafael] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Apaza, R (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM Rafael.Apaza@NASA.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-4943 BN 978-1-5090-2149-9 J9 INTEG COMMUN NAVIG PY 2016 PG 25 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6TZ UT WOS:000390843200096 ER PT S AU Kerczewski, RJ Wilson, JD Bishop, WD AF Kerczewski, Robert J. Wilson, Jeffrey D. Bishop, William D. GP IEEE TI ANALYSIS OF TERRESTRIAL INTERFERENCE PROTECTION FROM UAS CNPC SATELLITE TRANSMITTERS SO 2016 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (ICNS) SE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Herndon, VA AB Unmanned aircraft (UA) are projected to have a major impact on future aviation. Larger UA operating at altitudes above 3000 feet will require at least occasional access to non-segregated, that is, controlled airspace. In order for unmanned aircraft to be integrated into the airspace and operate with other commercial aircraft, a very reliable command and control (a. k. a. control and non-payload communications, (CNPC)) link is required. For operations covering large distances or over remote locations, a beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) CNPC link implemented through a satellite will almost always be required. Protected aviation spectrum (aeronautical mobile satellite (route) service, or AMS(R)S) would normally be used for such a safety-critical link, however studies have shown that currently available aviation safety satellite spectrum is inadequate to support the projected BLOS CNPC link bandwidth requirements. To address this inadequacy, the 2015 World Radiocommunication Conference studied the possible use of the Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) to provide CNPC, including possible allocations in Ku-Band and Ka-Band, under Agenda Item (AI) 1.5. Although UA CNPC satellite links in these bands were shown to meet operational availability and continuity requirements, a serious complication exists in that there are also terrestrial service allocations in these bands, in particular, Fixed Service (FS) point-to-point and point-to-multipoint microwave digital links. During the WRC-15 study cycle, much opposition to AI 1.5 was generated based on fears that UA CNPC satellite transmitters in these bands would impose unacceptable levels of interference to the FS receivers. NASA analyzed the possible interference from the UA transmitters based on probable UA transmission and FS receiver characteristics, and UA traffic distributions and densities to determine conditions under which UA could operate without imposing unacceptable interference levels to the FS. Ultimately, UA power flux density transmission limits were proposed as a way to insure protection of FS receivers and further studies were prepared on the various proposals. This paper presents the results of these studies and discusses possible implications on future UA BLOS operations. C1 [Kerczewski, Robert J.; Wilson, Jeffrey D.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Bishop, William D.] Jacobs Engn, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Kerczewski, RJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-4943 BN 978-1-5090-2149-9 J9 INTEG COMMUN NAVIG PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6TZ UT WOS:000390843200070 ER PT S AU Kerczewski, RJ Jonasson, L AF Kerczewski, Robert J. Jonasson, Loftur GP IEEE TI OUTCOMES OF THE 2015 WORLD RADIOCOMMUNICATION CONFERENCE FOR AERONAUTICAL SPECTRUM AND APPLICATIONS SO 2016 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (ICNS) SE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Herndon, VA AB At the conclusion of a nearly four year study cycle following the closing of the 2012 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-12), the 2015 WRC in November of 2015 considered a number of agenda items and issues relevant to systems and spectrum allocations supporting communications, navigation and surveillance for the operation of civil aviation. Among a number of WRC-15 agenda items and issues, the key agenda items affecting civil aviation included: unmanned aircraft systems use of the Fixed Satellite Service for command and control communications; global flight tracking; new allocations to International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT); and protection of the Fixed Satellite Service to support safe operation of aircraft. A number of other agenda items affecting or potentially affecting civil aviation were also addressed by WRC-15. In this paper we describe the outcomes of WRC-15 for these civil aeronautical-relevant issues. We then outline the civil aviation-related agenda items and issues that will be considered at the upcoming 2019 WRC. C1 [Kerczewski, Robert J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Jonasson, Loftur] Int Civil Aviat Org, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Kerczewski, RJ (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-4943 BN 978-1-5090-2149-9 J9 INTEG COMMUN NAVIG PY 2016 AR UNSP 5D1 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6TZ UT WOS:000390843200040 ER PT S AU Linetsky, VM Ivancic, WD Vaden, KR AF Linetsky, Vladimir M. Ivancic, William D. Vaden, Karl R. GP IEEE TI AERONAUTICAL SITUATIONAL AWARENESS - AIRPORT SURFACE SO 2016 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (ICNS) SE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Herndon, VA AB This paper advocates for a specific design approach, based on simple principals, yet addresses challenges faced by the system engineers when designing complex data and information infrastructure. The document provides guidance for breaking out various work elements in the overall network architecture design, so that communication systems are conceived and effectively realized regardless of their location, size and local specifics. Although targeted at the Global Airspace System (GAS) and National Airspace System (NAS), this framework can be applied to any network-centric architecture. C1 [Linetsky, Vladimir M.] Vantage Partners LCC, Cleveland, OH 02135 USA. [Ivancic, William D.; Vaden, Karl R.] NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Linetsky, VM (reprint author), Vantage Partners LCC, Cleveland, OH 02135 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-4943 BN 978-1-5090-2149-9 J9 INTEG COMMUN NAVIG PY 2016 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6TZ UT WOS:000390843200016 ER PT S AU Venosa, E Vermeire, B Alakija, C Harris, F Strobel, D Sheehe, CJ Krunz, A AF Venosa, Elettra Vermeire, Bert Alakija, Cameron Harris, Fred Strobel, David Sheehe, Charles J. Krunz, Arwan GP IEEE TI NON-MAXIMALLY DECIMATED FILTER BANKS ENABLE ADAPTIVE FREQUENCY HOPPING FOR UNMANNED AIRCRAFT VEHICLES SO 2016 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (ICNS) SE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Herndon, VA AB In the last few years, radio technologies for unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV) have advanced very rapidly. The increasing need to fly unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in the national airspace system (NAS) to perform missions of vital importance to national security, defense, and science has pushed ahead the design and implementation of new radio platforms. However, a lot still has to be done to improve those radios in terms of performance and capabilities. In addition, an important aspect to account for is hardware cost and the feasibility to implement these radios using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. UAV radios come with numerous technical challenges and their development involves contributions at different levels of the design. Cognitive algorithms need to be developed in order to perform agile communications using appropriate frequency allocation while maintaining safe and efficient operations in the NAS and, digital reconfigurable architectures have to be designed in order to ensure a prompt response to environmental changes. Command and control (C2) communications have to be preserved during "standard" operations while crew operations have to be minimized. It is clear that UAV radios have to be software-defined systems, where size, weight and power consumption (SWaP) are critical parameters. This paper provides preliminary results of the efforts performed to design a fully digital radio architecture as part of a NASA Phase I STTR. In this paper, we will explain the basic idea and technical principles behind our dynamic/adaptive frequency hopping radio for UAVs. We will present our Simulink model of the dynamic FH radio transmitter design for UAV communications and show simulation results and FPGA system analysis. C1 [Venosa, Elettra; Vermeire, Bert; Alakija, Cameron; Harris, Fred; Strobel, David] Space Micro, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Sheehe, Charles J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Krunz, Arwan] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Venosa, E (reprint author), Space Micro, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-4943 BN 978-1-5090-2149-9 J9 INTEG COMMUN NAVIG PY 2016 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6TZ UT WOS:000390843200069 ER PT S AU Wargo, C DiFelici, J Snipes, C Roy, A Kerczewski, R AF Wargo, Chris DiFelici, John Snipes, Corey Roy, Aloke Kerczewski, Robert GP IEEE TI A CROWD-SOURCING APPROACH FOR FORECASTING UAS DEMAND AND RESOURCE UTILIZATION SO 2016 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE (ICNS) SE Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Integrated Communications Navigation and Surveillance Conference (ICNS) CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Herndon, VA AB A key component to solving many of the engineering challenges for integrating UAS into the National Airspace System (NAS) is being able to state within discrete airspace, the numbers of forecasted UAS by airframe type and the type of mission or operational use being performed. In general, there is not a demand forecast that is tightly coupled to the real purpose of the mission requirements (e.g. in terms the real locations of physical structures such as windmills to inspect, farms to survey, pipelines to patrol, etc.). Being able to present a solid basis for the demand is crucial to get the attention of investment, government and other fiscal planners. To this end, Mosaic ATM under a NASA guidance is preparing a crowd sourced, demand forecast engine for commercial and government organizational users to drawn upon and be able to share vetted and accurate projection data. The UAS Demand Generator for Discrete Airspace Density (UAXPAN) project creates a common solution in forecasting the growth and use of numerous unmanned systems and numerous mission types. Users of the system can produce data-driven forecasts of UA usage patterns, and use plug-in application solvers to further their analysis of the results (e.g., predicting cellular communications link demand). C1 [Wargo, Chris; DiFelici, John; Snipes, Corey] Mosa ATM, New York, NY 10001 USA. [Roy, Aloke] Honeywell Int, Columbia, MD USA. [Kerczewski, Robert] NASA, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Wargo, C (reprint author), Mosa ATM, New York, NY 10001 USA. EM cwargo@mosaicatm.com; jdifelici@mosaicatm.com; csnipes@mosaicatm.com; aloke.roy@honeywell.com; rkerczewski@nasa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-4943 BN 978-1-5090-2149-9 J9 INTEG COMMUN NAVIG PY 2016 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6TZ UT WOS:000390843200065 ER PT S AU Chakrabarty, A Morris, R Bouyssounouse, X Hunt, R AF Chakrabarty, Anjan Morris, Robert Bouyssounouse, Xavier Hunt, Rusty GP IEEE TI Autonomous Indoor Object Tracking with the Parrot AR.Drone SO 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (ICUAS) SE International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS) CY JUN 07-10, 2016 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE CSS, MCA DE Visual Servoing; UAV; Object Following ID VISUAL SERVO CONTROL; ROBOTS AB This article presents an image-based visual servoing system for indoor visual tracking of 3D moving objects by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. This system autonomously follows a 3D moving target object, maintaining it with a fixed distance and centered on its image plane. The initial setup is tested in a detailed simulation environment. The system is then validated on flights in indoor scenarios using the Parrot AR.Drone and the CMT tracker, demonstrating the robustness of the system to differences in object features, environmental clutter, and target trajectory. The obtained results indicate that the proposed system is suitable for complex controls task, such object surveillance and pursuit. C1 [Chakrabarty, Anjan; Morris, Robert; Bouyssounouse, Xavier; Hunt, Rusty] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. RP Chakrabarty, A (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. EM anjan.chakrabarty@nasa.gov; robert.a.morris@nasa.gov; xavier.bouyssounouse@nasa.gov; rusty.hunt@nasa.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2373-6720 BN 978-1-4673-9333-1 J9 INT CONF UNMAN AIRCR PY 2016 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BG6WU UT WOS:000390883100004 ER PT S AU Neogi, NA Hayhurst, KJ Maddalon, JM Verstynen, HA AF Neogi, Natasha A. Hayhurst, Kelly J. Maddalon, Jeffrey M. Verstynen, Harry A. GP IEEE TI Some Impacts of Risk-Centric Certification Requirements for UAS SO 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (ICUAS) SE International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS) CY JUN 07-10, 2016 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE CSS, MCA AB This paper discusses results from a recent study that investigates certification requirements for an unmanned rotorcraft performing agricultural application operations. The process of determining appropriate requirements using a risk-centric approach revealed a number of challenges that could impact larger UAS standardization efforts. Fundamental challenges include selecting the correct level of abstraction for requirements to permit design flexibility, transforming human-centric operational requirements to aircraft airworthiness requirements, and assessing all hazards associated with the operation. C1 [Neogi, Natasha A.; Hayhurst, Kelly J.; Maddalon, Jeffrey M.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Verstynen, Harry A.] Whirlwind Engn LLC, Poquoson, VA USA. RP Neogi, NA (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM natasha.a.neogi@nasa.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2373-6720 BN 978-1-4673-9333-1 J9 INT CONF UNMAN AIRCR PY 2016 BP 1003 EP 1012 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BG6WU UT WOS:000390883100124 ER PT S AU Smith, B John, G Stark, B Christensen, LE Chen, YQ AF Smith, Brendan John, Garrett Stark, Brandon Christensen, Lance E. Chen, YangQuan GP IEEE TI Applicability of Unmanned Aerial Systems for Leak Detection SO 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (ICUAS) SE International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS) CY JUN 07-10, 2016 CL Arlington, VA SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, IEEE CSS, MCA DE methane leak detection; propeller wash; small-unmanned aerial systems; remote sensing ID METHANE AB In light of recent U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) notices, there is a surge in the research and development of the 'micro' class sUAS for commercial purposes. Natural gas production and distribution companies in particular are making an effort to develop aerial leak detection methods with sUAS. These efforts require a comprehensive evaluation of sUAS capabilities and the environmental disturbances introduced by the sUAS in order to accurately utilize data collected via onboard in situ methane gas sensors. Though many commercially available sUAS are on the market, the shape and arrangement of any system has significant impact on the aircraft's ability to accurately sense gas leaks. This paper explores using a 3DRobotics Iris+ quadcopter for gas sensing, paying particular attention to propeller disturbances introduced by the sUAS. The paper defines certain operating conditions in which the influence of propellers can be ignored. These results can be used in gas leak applications by examining the overall airflow dynamics of a commercially available rotary sUAS. C1 [Smith, Brendan; John, Garrett; Stark, Brandon; Chen, YangQuan] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Engn, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Christensen, Lance E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Christensen, LE (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM lance.e.christensen@jpl.nasa.gov; ychen53@ucmerced.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2373-6720 BN 978-1-4673-9333-1 J9 INT CONF UNMAN AIRCR PY 2016 BP 1220 EP 1227 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BG6WU UT WOS:000390883100150 ER PT J AU Fortinberry, J Shumpert, TH AF Fortinberry, Jarrod Shumpert, Thomas H. GP IEEE TI Measurement of Antenna Bore-Sight Gain SO 2016 USNC-URSI RADIO SCIENCE MEETING (JOINT WITH AP-S SYMPOSIUM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation / USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL IEEE Reg 9, Fajardo, PR SP USNC, URSI, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc HO IEEE Reg 9 AB The absolute or free-field gain of a simple antenna can be approximated using standard antenna theory formulae or for a more accurate prediction, numerical methods may be employed to solve for antenna parameters including gain. Both of these methods will result in relatively reasonable estimates but in practice antenna gain is usually verified and documented via measurements and calibration. In this paper, a relatively simple and low-cost, yet effective means of determining the bore-sight free-field gain of a VHF/UHF antenna is proposed by using the Brewster angle relationship. C1 [Fortinberry, Jarrod] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr ES 45, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Shumpert, Thomas H.] Auburn Univ, Emeritus Elect & Comp Engn, Auburn, AL USA. RP Fortinberry, J (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr ES 45, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM jarrod.d.fortinberry@nasa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2852-8 PY 2016 BP 79 EP 80 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG6YL UT WOS:000390996200039 ER PT J AU Bang, L Aydin, A Phan, QS Pasareanu, CS Bultan, T AF Bang, Lucas Aydin, Abdulbaki Phan, Quoc-Sang Pasareanu, Corina S. Bultan, Tevfik BE Zimmermann, T ClelandHuang, J Su, Z TI String Analysis for Side Channels with Segmented Oracles SO FSE'16: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 24TH ACM SIGSOFT INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FOUNDATIONS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE) CY NOV 13-18, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP ACM Special Interest Grp Software Engn, Assoc Comp Machinery DE Side-channel analysis; Symbolic execution; String constraints AB We present an automated approach for detecting and quantifying side channels in Java programs, which uses symbolic execution, string analysis and model counting to compute information leakage for a single run of a program. We further extend this approach to compute information leakage for multiple runs for a type of side channels called segmented oracles, where the attacker is able to explore each segment of a secret (for example each character of a password) independently. We present an efficient technique for segmented oracles that computes information leakage for multiple runs using only the path constraints generated from a single run symbolic execution. Our implementation uses the symbolic execution tool Symbolic PathFinder (SPF), SMT solver Z3, and two model counting constraint solvers LattE and ABC. Although LattE has been used before for analyzing numeric constraints, in this paper, we present an approach for using LattE for analyzing string constraints. We also extend the string constraint solver ABC for analysis of both numeric and string constraints, and we integrate ABC in SPF, enabling quantitative symbolic string analysis. C1 [Bang, Lucas; Aydin, Abdulbaki; Bultan, Tevfik] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Phan, Quoc-Sang; Pasareanu, Corina S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Pasareanu, Corina S.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Bang, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM bang@cs.ucsb.edu; baki@cs.ucsb.edu; sang.phan@sv.cmu.edu; corina.s.pasareanu@nasa.gov; bultan@cs.ucsb.edu NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4218-6 PY 2016 BP 193 EP 204 DI 10.1145/2950290.2950362 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BG7AN UT WOS:000391133400022 ER PT S AU Abraham, NS Hasegawa, MM Secunda, MS AF Abraham, Nithin S. Hasegawa, Mark M. Secunda, Mark S. BE Egges, J Soares, CE Wooldridge, EM TI Application of the Molecular Adsorber Coating technology on the Ionospheric Connection Explorer Program SO SYSTEMS CONTAMINATION: PREDICTION, CONTROL, AND PERFORMANCE 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control, and Performance CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Molecular Adsorber Coating; MAC; zeolite; molecular adsorber; adsorber; adsorption; getter; outgassing; molecular contamination; particulate contamination; sprayable paint technology; coatings; spaceflight applications; Ionospheric Connection Explorer; ICON; far ultraviolet instrument; FUV; acoustic cleaning AB The Molecular Adsorber Coaling (MAC) is a zeolite based highly porous coating technology that was developed by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) to capture outgassed contaminants, such as plastics, adhesives, lubricants, silicones, epoxies, potting compounds, and oilier similar materials. This paper describes the use of the MAC technology to address molecular contamination concerns on NASA's Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) program led by the University of California (UC) Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory. The sprayable paint technology was applied onto plates that were installed within the instrument cavity of ICON's Far Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (FUV). However, due to the instrument's particulate sensitivity, the coating surface was vibrationally cleaned through simulated acoustics to reduce the risk of particle fall-out contamination. This paper summarizes the coating application efforts on the FUV adsorber plates, the simulated laboratory acoustic level cleaning test methods, particulation characteristics, and future plans for the MAC technology. C1 [Abraham, Nithin S.; Hasegawa, Mark M.; Secunda, Mark S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Abraham, NS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0295-3; 978-1-5106-0296-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9952 AR 99520D DI 10.1117/12.2236728 PG 15 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7DG UT WOS:000391232000011 ER PT S AU Abraham, NS Hasegawa, MM Wooldridge, EM Henderson-Nelson, KA AF Abraham, Nithin S. Hasegawa, Mark M. Wooldridge, Eve M. Henderson-Nelson, Kelly A. BE Egges, J Soares, CE Wooldridge, EM TI The use of the Molecular Adsorber Coating technology to mitigate vacuum chamber contamination during Pathfinder testing for the James Webb Space Telescope SO SYSTEMS CONTAMINATION: PREDICTION, CONTROL, AND PERFORMANCE 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control, and Performance CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Molecular Adsorber Coating; zeolite; molecular adsorber; adsorber; adsorption; outgassing; molecular contamination; spaceflight applications; vacuum applications; James Webb Space Telescope; JWST; Chamber A; DC-704; diffusion pump oil; silicones; sprayable paint technology; coatings; getters; passive getter AB As a coating made of highly porous zeolite materials, the Molecular Adsorber Coating (MAC) was developed to capture outgassed molecular contaminants, such as hydrocarbons and silicones. For spaceflight applications, the adsorptive capabilities of the coating can alleviate on-orbit outgassing concerns on or near sensitive surfaces and instruments within the spacecraft. Similarly, this sprayable paint technology has proven to be significantly beneficial for ground based space applications, in particular, for vacuum chamber environments. This paper describes the recent use of the MAC technology during Pathfinder testing of the Optical Ground Support Equipment (OGSE) for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) at NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC). The coating was used as a mitigation tool to entrap persistent outgassed contaminants, specifically silicone based diffusion pump oil, from within JSC's cryogenic optical vacuum chamber test facility called Chamber A. This paper summarizes the sample fabrication, installation, laboratory testing, post-test chemical analysis results, and future plans for the MAC technology, which was effectively used to protect the JWST test equipment from vacuum chamber contamination C1 [Abraham, Nithin S.; Hasegawa, Mark M.; Wooldridge, Eve M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Henderson-Nelson, Kelly A.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, 7701 Greenbelt Rd 400, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Abraham, NS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0295-3; 978-1-5106-0296-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9952 AR 99520C DI 10.1117/12.2236704 PG 19 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7DG UT WOS:000391232000010 ER PT S AU Huang, AY Kastanas, GN Kramer, L Soares, CE Mikatarian, RR AF Huang, Alvin Y. Kastanas, George N. Kramer, Leonard Soares, Carlos E. Mikatarian, Ronald R. BE Egges, J Soares, CE Wooldridge, EM TI Materials Outgassing Rate Decay in Vacuum at Isothermal Conditions SO SYSTEMS CONTAMINATION: PREDICTION, CONTROL, AND PERFORMANCE 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control, and Performance CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Materials Outgassing; ASTM E 1559; Reaction Kinetics; Diffusion; Space Environments Effects; Molecular Contamination; International Space Station ID KINETICS; ENVIRONMENT; DIFFUSION; RELEASE AB As a laboratory for scientific research, the International Space Station has been in Low Earth Orbit for over 17 years and is planned to be on-orbit for another 10 years. The ISS has been maintaining a relatively pristine contamination environment for science payloads. Materials outgassing induced contamination is currently the dominant source for sensitive surfaces on ISS and modelling the outgassing rate decay over a 20 to 30 year period is challenging. Using ASTM E 1559 rate data, materials outgassing is described herein as a diffusion-reaction process with the interface playing a key role. The observation of -1/2 (diffusion) or non-integers (reaction limited) as rate decay exponents for common ISS materials indicate classical reaction kinetics is unsatisfactory in modelling materials outgassing. Nonrandonmess of reactant concentrations at the interface is the source of this deviation from classical reaction kinetics. A t(1/2) decay is adopted as the result of the correlation of the contaminant layer thicknesses and composition on returned ISS hardware, the existence of high outgassing silicone exhibiting near diffusion limited decay, the confirmation of non depleted material after ten years in Low Earth Orbit, and a potential slowdown of long term materials outgassing kinetics due to silicone contaminants at the interface. C1 [Huang, Alvin Y.; Kramer, Leonard; Soares, Carlos E.; Mikatarian, Ronald R.] Boeing Co, 13100 Space Ctr Blvd, Houston, TX 77059 USA. [Kastanas, George N.] Boeing Co, 3003 W Casino Rd, Everett, WA 98204 USA. [Soares, Carlos E.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Huang, AY (reprint author), Boeing Co, 13100 Space Ctr Blvd, Houston, TX 77059 USA. EM alvin.y.huang@boeing.com NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0295-3; 978-1-5106-0296-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9952 AR 995206 DI 10.1117/12.2241212 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7DG UT WOS:000391232000004 ER PT S AU Stewart, EM Coan, MR Captain, J Santiago-Bond, J AF Stewart, Elaine M. Coan, Mary R. Captain, Janine Santiago-Bond, Josephine BE Egges, J Soares, CE Wooldridge, EM TI LAVA subsystem integration and testing for the Resolve payload of the Resource Prospector mission: mass spectrometers and gas chromatography SO SYSTEMS CONTAMINATION: PREDICTION, CONTROL, AND PERFORMANCE 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control, and Performance CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE In-Situ Resource Utilization; Gas Chromatography; Mass Spectrometer; Resource Prospector; LAVA; RESOLVE; Regolith; Constituents AB In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) is a key NASA initiative to exploit resources at the site of planetary exploration for mission-critical consumables, propellants, and other supplies. The Resource Prospector mission, part of ISRU, is scheduled to launch in 2020 and will include a rover and lander hosting the Regolith & Environment Science and Oxygen & Lunar Volatile Extraction (RESOLVE) payload for extracting and analyzing lunar resources, particularly low molecular weight volatiles for fuel, air, and water. RESOLVE contains the Lunar Advanced Volatile Analysis (LAVA) subsystem with a Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). RESOLVE subsystems, including the RP'15 rover and LAVA, are in NASA's Engineering Test Unit (ETU) phase to assure that all vital components of the payload are space-flight rated and will perform as expected during the mission. Integration and testing of LAVA mass spectrometry verified reproducibility and accuracy of the candidate MS for detecting nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The RP'15 testing comprised volatile analysis of water-doped simulant regolith to enhance integration of the RESOLVE payload with the rover. Multiple tests show the efficacy of the GC to detect 2% and 5% water-doped samples. C1 [Stewart, Elaine M.] NASA, Goddard Spaceflight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Coan, Mary R.; Captain, Janine; Santiago-Bond, Josephine] NASA, Kennedy Space Ctr, Cape Canaveral, FL USA. RP Stewart, EM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Spaceflight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM elaine.m.stewart@nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0295-3; 978-1-5106-0296-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9952 AR 99520F DI 10.1117/12.2239346 PG 19 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG7DG UT WOS:000391232000013 ER PT S AU Shortis, MR Robson, S Jones, TW Goad, WK Lunsford, CB AF Shortis, Mark R. Robson, Stuart Jones, Thomas W. Goad, William K. Lunsford, Charles B. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Remondino, F Hodac, J Pavelka, K Shortis, M Rinaudo, F Scaioni, M Boehm, J RiekeZapp, D TI PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TRACKING OF AERODYNAMIC SURFACES AND AEROSPACE MODELS AT NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION V SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd ISPRS Congress CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Photogrammetry; tracking; measurement; sequence; surface; shape; model; 6DoF ID CCD CAMERAS; CALIBRATION; SYSTEM AB Aerospace engineers require measurements of the shape of aerodynamic surfaces and the six degree of freedom (6DoF) position and orientation of aerospace models to analyse structural dynamics and aerodynamic forces. The measurement technique must be non-contact, accurate, reliable, have a high sample rate and preferably be non-intrusive. Close range photogrammetry based on multiple, synchronised, commercial-off-the-shelf digital cameras can supply surface shape and 6DoF data at 5-15Hz with customisable accuracies. This paper describes data acquisition systems designed and implemented at NASA Langley Research Center to capture surface shapes and 6DoF data. System calibration and data processing techniques are discussed. Examples of experiments and data outputs are described. C1 [Shortis, Mark R.] RMIT Univ, Sch Sci, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. [Robson, Stuart] UCL, Dept Civil Environm & Geomat Engn, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Jones, Thomas W.; Lunsford, Charles B.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Adv Sensing & Opt Measurement Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Goad, William K.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Natl Transon Facil, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Shortis, MR (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Sci, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. EM mark.shortis@rmit.edu.au; s.robson@ucl.ac.uk; thomas.w.jones@nasa.gov; william.k.goad@nasa.gov; charles.b.lunsford@nasa.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 5 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.5194/isprsannals-III-5-27-2016 PG 8 WC Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG6YU UT WOS:000391014700004 ER PT S AU Ghaffarian, R AF Ghaffarian, Reza GP IEEE TI Effect of Column Properties and CGA Assembly Reliability by Testing and Analysis SO 2016 15TH IEEE INTERSOCIETY CONFERENCE ON THERMAL AND THERMOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA IN ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS (ITHERM) SE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems (ITherm) CY MAY 31-JUN 03, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE, IEEE Components Packaging & Mfg Technol Soc DE CGA; CCGA; column grid array; solder column; copper wrapped column; copper-spiral column; micro-coil spring column; Isothermal aging; thermal cycle; solder joint reliability; thermal cycle ID PACKAGES AB Package manufacturers are now offering commercial-off-the-shelf column grid array (COTS CGA) packaging technologies in high-reliability versions. Understanding the process and quality assurance (QA) indicators for reliability are important for low-risk insertion of these advanced electronics packages for high-reliability applications. For CGA, the key critical elements of assembly reliability are the integrity of the columns and interconnections at the package and printed circuit board (PCB) pads. This paper presents the key types of columns are commonly considered in various CGA packages and their specific characteristics. Then, it provides a comprehensive review and comparison pull test results performed for 22- and 15-mil columns and will compares with limited literature test data. Numerous tables and figures compared the test results and possible reason for conflicting results for column types and their behavior under isothermal and thermal cycling. For comparison to CGA assembly reliability, the paper, then, presents thermal cycle test data for the copper-wrapped columns up to 500 thermal cycles (- 55 degrees to 100 degrees C and -55 degrees to 125 degrees C) with image showing level of solder damage with thermal cycling. Finally, it includes two simplified analytical approaches developed under this activity that demonstrate the stress/strain induced on columns and interfaces for CGA assemblies under thermal cycling conditions. Analytical results are compared for a similar BGA (ball grid array) configuration. C1 [Ghaffarian, Reza] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Ghaffarian, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Reza.Ghaffarian@jpl.nasa.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1087-9870 BN 978-1-4673-8121-5 J9 INTERSOC C THERMAL T PY 2016 BP 268 EP 277 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BG6KY UT WOS:000390436000041 ER PT S AU Consiglio, M Munoz, C Hagen, G Narkawicz, A Balachandran, S AF Consiglio, Maria Munoz, Cesar Hagen, George Narkawicz, Anthony Balachandran, Swee GP IEEE TI ICAROUS INTEGRATED CONFIGURABLE ALGORITHMS FOR RELIABLE OPERATIONS OF UNMANNED SYSTEMS SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE UAS; Detect and Avoid; Autonomy; UTM AB NASA's Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Traffic Management (UTM) project aims at enabling near-term, safe operations of small UAS vehicles in uncontrolled airspace, i.e., Class G airspace. A far-term goal of UTM research and development is to accommodate the expected rise in small UAS traffic density throughout the National Airspace System (NAS) at low altitudes for beyond visual line-of-sight operations. This paper describes a new capability referred to as ICAROUS (Integrated Configurable Algorithms for Reliable Operations of Unmanned Systems), which is being developed under the UTM project. ICAROUS is a software architecture comprised of highly assured algorithms for building safety-centric, autonomous, unmanned aircraft applications. Central to the development of the ICAROUS algorithms is the use of well-established formal methods to guarantee higher levels of safety assurance by monitoring and bounding the behavior of autonomous systems. The core autonomy-enabling capabilities in ICAROUS include constraint conformance monitoring and contingency control functions. ICAROUS also provides a highly configurable user interface that enables the modular integration of mission-specific software components. C1 [Consiglio, Maria; Munoz, Cesar; Hagen, George] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Balachandran, Swee] Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA USA. RP Consiglio, M (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400090 ER PT S AU Coppenbarger, R Jung, Y Kozon, T Farrahi, A Malik, W Lee, H Chevalley, E Kistler, M AF Coppenbarger, Rich Jung, Yoon Kozon, Tom Farrahi, Amir Malik, Waqar Lee, Hanbong Chevalley, Eric Kistler, Matt GP IEEE TI Benefit Opportunities for Integrated Surface and Airspace Departure Scheduling A Study of Operations at Charlotte-Douglas International Airport SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE air-traffic; surface; airspace; departure operations; integrated operations; shortfalls and benefits AB NASA is collaborating with the FAA and aviation industry to develop and demonstrate new capabilities that integrate arrival, departure, and surface air-traffic operations. The concept relies on trajectory-based departure scheduling and collaborative decision making to reduce delays and uncertainties in taxi and climb operations. The paper describes the concept and benefit mechanisms aimed at improving flight efficiency and predictability while maintaining or improving operational throughput. The potential impact of the technology is studied and discussed through a quantitative analysis of relevant shortfalls at the site identified for initial deployment and demonstration in 2017: Charlotte-Douglas International Airport. Results from trajectory analysis indicate substantial opportunity to reduce taxi delays for both departures and arrivals by metering departures at the gate in a manner that maximizes throughput while adhering to takeoff restrictions due mostly to airspace constraints. Substantial taxi-out delay reduction is shown for flights subject to departure restrictions stemming from traffic-flow management initiatives. Opportunities to improve the predictability of taxi, takeoff, and climb operations are examined and their potential impact on airline scheduling decisions and air-traffic forecasting is discussed. In addition, the potential to improve throughput with departure scheduling that maximizes use of available runway and airspace capacity is analyzed. C1 [Coppenbarger, Rich; Jung, Yoon] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Kozon, Tom; Farrahi, Amir; Malik, Waqar; Lee, Hanbong] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Chevalley, Eric] San Jose State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Kistler, Matt] Mosa ATM, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Coppenbarger, R (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400136 ER PT S AU D'Souza, S Ishihara, A Nikaido, B Hasseeb, H AF D'Souza, Sarah Ishihara, Abe Nikaido, Ben Hasseeb, Hashmatullah GP IEEE TI Feasibility of Varying Geo-Fence around an Unmanned Aircraft Operation based on Vehicle Performance and Wind SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING ID MODEL AB Managing trajectory separation of unmanned aircraft is critical to ensuring accessibility, efficiency, and safety in low altitude airspace. The concept of a geo-fence has emerged as a way to manage trajectory separation. A geo-fence consists of distance buffers that enclose individual trajectories to identify a 'keep-in' region and/or enclose areas that identify 'keep-out' regions. The 'keep-in' geo-fence size can be defined as a static number or calculated as a function of vehicle performance characteristics, state of the airspace, weather, and other unforeseen events such as emergency or disaster response. Given that the fleet of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) operating in low altitude airspace will be numerous and non-homogeneous, calculating a 'keep-in' geo-fence will need to balance operational safety and efficiency. A recently tested UAS Traffic Management (UTM) prototype used a geo-fence size of 30 meters, horizontally and vertically, for every operation submitted. The goal of this work is to determine the feasibility of a generalized, simple algorithm that calculates geo-fence sizes as a function of vehicle performance and potential wind disturbances. The resulting geo-fence size could be smaller or larger because the vehicle performance in the presence of wind is considered, thus leading to trajectory separation that is safe and efficient. In this paper, two simplified methods were developed to determine the feasibility of calculating a geo-fence as a function of vehicle parameters and wind information. The first method calculates the geo-fence using basic vehicle parameters and wind sensor data in a set of algebraic-geometric equations. The second method models a generic PID control system that uses a simplified set of equations of motion for the plant and uses gain scheduling to account for wind disturbances. It was found that the Algebraic-Geometric Geo-fence Algorithm provides geo-fence sizes of approximately 15 meters horizontally and 5 meters vertically, which is much smaller than the UTM static value of 30 meters. In the PID Controller Geo-fence Algorithm it was found that the geo-fence size is further reduced to less than 5 meters, horizontally and vertically. These results reveal that implementing geo-fence calculations provide UTM with the ability to schedule and separate operations based on geofences that are dynamic to vehicle capability and environment, which is more efficient than using a single static geo-fence. C1 [D'Souza, Sarah] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Syst Anal Off, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Ishihara, Abe] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Nikaido, Ben; Hasseeb, Hashmatullah] Sci & Technol Corp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP D'Souza, S (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Syst Anal Off, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400045 ER PT S AU Denney, E Pai, G AF Denney, Ewen Pai, Ganesh GP IEEE TI Safety Considerations for UAS Ground-based Detect and Avoid SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE Unmanned aircraft systems; Ground-based detect and avoid; Beyond visual line of sight; Safety assurance; Safety cases; Argumentation patterns; Tool support AB We describe a generic mission concept of low altitude beyond visual line of sight unmanned aircraft system (UAS) operations, in which a ground-based detect and avoid (GBDAA) capability is to be used. First, we discuss some of the variations in the underlying missions and their bearing on providing assurance of safety in operations. Then, drawing upon the experience gained in developing safety assurance cases for many such missions, we summarize the different GBDAA safety considerations pertinent for mission safety. Additionally, we present some of the patterns of safety reasoning that we have used in the safety cases, which take the form of abstract argument structures. The overall goal of this work is to develop an infrastructure that can guide safety assured design of future UAS missions that use GBDAA, while providing rapid feedback on overall mission safety. C1 [Denney, Ewen; Pai, Ganesh] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SGT, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Denney, E (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SGT, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM ewen.denney@nasa.gov; ganesh.pai@nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400129 ER PT S AU Dill, ET Young, SD Hayhurst, KJ AF Dill, Evan T. Young, Steven D. Hayhurst, Kelly J. GP IEEE TI SAFEGUARD An Assured Safety Net Technology for UAS SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE assured containment; geo-fencing; Unmanned Aircraft System, formal methods; UAS Traffic Management (UTM) AB As demands increase to use unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for a broad spectrum of commercial applications, regulatory authorities are examining how to safely integrate them without loss of safety or major disruption to existing airspace operations. This work addresses the development of the Safeguard system as an assured safety net technology for UAS. The Safeguard system monitors and enforces conformance to a set of rules defined prior to flight (e.g., geospatial stay-out or stay-in regions, speed limits, altitude limits). Safeguard operates independently of the UAS autopilot and is strategically designed in a way that can be realized by a small set of verifiable functions to simplify compliance with regulatory standards for commercial aircraft. A framework is described that decouples the system from any other devices on the UAS as well as introduces complementary positioning source(s) for applications that require integrity and availability beyond what the Global Positioning System (GPS) can provide. Additionally, the high level logic embedded within the software is presented, as well as the steps being taken toward verification and validation (V&V) of proper functionality. Next, an initial prototype implementation of the described system is disclosed. Lastly, future work including development, testing, and system V&V is summarized. C1 [Dill, Evan T.; Young, Steven D.; Hayhurst, Kelly J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Safety Crit Avion Syst Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Dill, ET (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Safety Crit Avion Syst Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400067 ER PT S AU Etherington, TJ Kramer, LJ Bailey, RE Kennedy, KD Stephens, CL AF Etherington, Timothy J. Kramer, Lynda J. Bailey, Randall E. Kennedy, Kellie D. Stephens, Chad L. GP IEEE TI QUANTIFYING PILOT CONTRIBUTION TO FLIGHT SAFETY FOR NORMAL AND NON-NORMAL AIRLINE OPERATIONS SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE flight crew error; aviation safety; increasingly autonomous systems; automation; automation surprise; crew complement; augmented crew; single pilot operations AB Accident statistics cite the flight crew as a causal factor in over 60% of accidents involving transport category airplanes. Yet, a well-trained and well-qualified pilot is acknowledged as the critical center point of aircraft systems safety and an integral safety component of the entire commercial aviation system. No data currently exists that quantifies the contribution of the flight crew in this role. Neither does data exist for how often the flight crew handles non-normal procedures or system failures on a daily basis in the National Airspace System. A pilot-in-the-loop high fidelity motion simulation study was conducted by the NASA Langley Research Center in partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to evaluate the pilot's contribution to flight safety during normal flight and in response to aircraft system failures. Eighteen crews flew various normal and non-normal procedures over a two-day period and their actions were recorded in response to failures. To quantify the human's contribution, crew complement was used as the experiment independent variable in a between-subjects design. Pilot actions and performance when one of the flight crew was impaired were also recorded for comparison against the nominal two-crew operations. This paper details a portion of the results of this study. C1 [Etherington, Timothy J.] Rockwell Collins, Hampton, VA 23606 USA. [Kramer, Lynda J.; Bailey, Randall E.; Kennedy, Kellie D.; Stephens, Chad L.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. RP Etherington, TJ (reprint author), Rockwell Collins, Hampton, VA 23606 USA. EM timothy.j.etherington@nasa.gov; lynda.j.kramer@nasa.gov; randall.c.bailey@nasa.gov; kellie.d.kennedy@nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 14 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400146 ER PT S AU Evans, E Young, SD Daniels, T Santiago-Espada, Y Etherington, T AF Evans, Emory Young, Steven D. Daniels, Taumi Santiago-Espada, Yamira Etherington, Tim GP IEEE TI Analysis of Pilot Feedback Regarding the Use of State Awareness Technologies During Complex Situations SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE Energy; automation; system; complexity; decision making; usability; workload; situation awareness; acceptability AB A flight simulation study was conducted at NASA Langley Research Center to evaluate flight deck systems that (1) predict aircraft energy state and/or autoflight configuration, (2) present the current state and expected future state of automated systems, and/or (3) show the state of flight-critical data systems in use by automated systems and primary flight instruments. Four new technology concepts were evaluated vis-a-vis current state-of-the-art flight deck systems and indicators. This human-in-the-loop study was conducted using commercial airline crews. Scenarios spanned a range of complex conditions and several emulated causal factors and complexity in recent accidents involving loss of state awareness by pilots (e.g. energy state, automation state, and/or system state). Data were collected via questionnaires administered after each flight, audio/video recordings, physiological data, head and eye tracking data, pilot control inputs, and researcher observations. This paper focuses specifically on findings derived from the questionnaire responses. It includes analysis of pilot subjective measures of complexity, decision making, workload, situation awareness, usability, and acceptability. C1 [Evans, Emory; Young, Steven D.; Daniels, Taumi; Santiago-Espada, Yamira] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Etherington, Tim] Rockwell Collins, Cedar Rapids, IA USA. RP Evans, E (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400053 ER PT S AU Ewbank, CE Mumaw, RJ Snow, MP AF Ewbank, Curtis E. Mumaw, Randall J. Snow, Michael P. GP IEEE TI Development of the Enhanced Bank Angle Warning SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE alert; human factors; aviation safety; spatial disorientation; flight deck; attitude awareness; loss of control in-flight AB To reduce the risk of loss of control in-flight due to loss of attitude awareness, a new roll attitude alert was developed (Enhanced Bank Angle Warning). This alert consists of a moving red arrow on the primary flight display with a voice aural indicating the correct recovery action. The alert has two intended functions: 1) to increase the timeliness and likelihood of correct control input by the pilot flying, and, 2) to increase the timeliness and likelihood of intervention by the pilot monitoring (if the pilot flying fails to take appropriate actions). In the development of this alert, data on loss of control accidents and incidents were reviewed and various flight deck design elements were evaluated during prototyping for effectiveness in communicating aircraft state and recovery actions. Design elements studied included symbol shape, symbol motion, color, and the presence and content of voice aurals. Following prototyping, the ultimate design was evaluated in a pilot-in-the-loop simulation study with 19 airline pilots, including 5 non-native-English speakers. The two intended functions of the alert were tested in two scenarios: one intended to assess behavior of the pilot monitoring during an unexpected overbank condition and the other to assess behavior of the pilot flying in response to unusual attitude recovery scenarios. The results with respect to behavior of the pilot monitoring trended in a positive direction, but were not statistically significant. The results with respect to behavior of the pilot flying provide strong support for inclusion of the alert to improve pilot flying response to unusual roll attitudes. This paper reviews the prototyping phase, pilot-in-the-loop simulation results, and the challenges that were eventually overcome to implement the Enhanced Bank Angle Warning in Boeing's 737-MAX airplanes. C1 [Mumaw, Randall J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Human Syst Integrat, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Snow, Michael P.] Aviat Safety Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Seattle, WA USA. EM curtisewbank@gmail.com; randall.j.mumaw@nasa.gov; michael.p.snow@boeing.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400116 ER PT S AU Fuller, JG Hook, L Hutchins, N Maleki, KN Skoog, MA AF Fuller, Justin G. Hook, Loyd Hutchins, Nathan Maleki, K. Niki Skoog, Mark A. GP IEEE TI Toward Run-Time Assurance in General Aviation and Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle Autopilots SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE run time assurance; hybrid automaton; autopilot; pilot model ID SYSTEMS AB When compared with most other common methods of travel, travel in general aviation aircraft is relatively unsafe. Fortunately, the most frequent causes of fatal general aviation (GA) mishaps could be significantly reduced with very simple autopilot systems. However, such systems can be prohibitively costly due in large part to the expense of validation and verification required to certify them. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), NASA, and the US Air Force have been working to develop alternative certification methods to reduce this cost. In particular, run-time assurance (RTA) methods have recently been gaining momentum as a potential avenue to achieve this goal. This has led researchers from the aforementioned group to propose an RTA system for GA autopilots, which uses the human pilot as the baseline controller and a lesser certified autopilot as the advanced controller. This paper expands on that work by developing a hybrid control model which takes into account the human pilot's variable timing and control ability. Simulation results and a discussion on the impact of these findings are also provided. C1 [Fuller, Justin G.; Hook, Loyd; Hutchins, Nathan; Maleki, K. Niki] Univ Tulsa, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Skoog, Mark A.] NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm, Edwards AFB, CA USA. RP Fuller, JG (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. EM jgfuller@utulsa.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400152 ER PT S AU Homola, J Prevot, T Mercer, J Bienert, N Gabriel, C AF Homola, Jeffrey Prevot, Thomas Mercer, Joey Bienert, Nancy Gabriel, Conrad GP IEEE TI UAS Traffic Management (UTM) Simulation Capabilities and Laboratory Environment SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE UAS; UTM; simulation; laboratory AB NASA has engaged in collaborative research with the FAA and many other stakeholders in government, industry, and academia to explore the concepts and requirements necessary to enable the safe and scalable application of small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in low-altitude airspace. In this effort, the UAS Traffic Management (UTM) project has developed a multi-faceted simulation component that supports near-term live flight testing in addition to further term concept exploration. This paper provides an overview of the simulation capabilities currently available as part of the UTM project and the laboratory environment in which they are applied. C1 [Homola, Jeffrey; Prevot, Thomas; Mercer, Joey] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Bienert, Nancy; Gabriel, Conrad] San Jose State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Homola, J (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM jeffrey.r.homola@nasa.gov; thomas.prevot@nasa.gov; joey.mercer@nasa.gov; nancy.bienert@nasa.gov; conrad.v.gabriel@nasa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400130 ER PT S AU Idris, H Shen, N Saraf, A Bertino, J Zelinski, S AF Idris, Husni Shen, Ni Saraf, Aditya Bertino, Jason Zelinski, Shannon GP IEEE TI Comparison of Different Control Schemes for Strategic Departure Metering SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE Air Traffic Management; Airport Operations; Integrated Arrival Departure Scheduling; Departure Metering AB Airports and their terminal airspaces are key choke points in the air transportation system causing major delays and adding to pollution. A solution aimed at mitigating these chokepoints integrates the scheduling of runway operations, flight release from the gates and ramp into the airport movement area, and merging with other traffic competing for downstream airspace points. Within this integrated concept, we present a simulation-based analysis of the departure metering process, which delays the release of flights into the airport movement area while balancing two competing objectives: (1) maintaining large enough queues at the airport resources to maximize throughput and (2) absorbing excess delays at the gates or in ramp areas to save on fuel consumption, emissions, noise, and passenger discomfort. Three metering strategies are compared which respectively attempt to control the number of flights that (1) left the gate but did not take off, (2) left the ramp but did not take off, and (3) spent their unimpeded transit time to the runway but did not take off. It was observed that under deterministic and demand uncertainty conditions, the first strategy performed better than the other two strategies in terms of maintaining the runway throughput while transferring a significant average delay of two minutes to the gate. On the other hand, under uncertainties of flight transit time and runway service rate, all the strategies struggled to delay flights at the gate without a significant impact on the runway throughput. C1 [Idris, Husni; Shen, Ni] TASC Engil Co, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. [Saraf, Aditya; Bertino, Jason] ATAC Corp, Santa Clara, CA USA. [Zelinski, Shannon] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Idris, H (reprint author), TASC Engil Co, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM husni.idris@engilitycorp.com; aps@atac.com; shannon.j.zelinski@nasa.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400157 ER PT S AU Keller, RM AF Keller, Richard M. GP IEEE TI Ontologies for Aviation Data Management SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE aviation data management; data models; data interoperability; ontologies ID SEMANTIC-INTEGRATION AB Managing complex aviation data can be a significant challenge for any enterprise - whether a government agency, airline, airframe manufacturer, or aviation service provider. To handle this challenge, data models are typically developed to characterize and manage the data generated, used, and stored by a given enterprise. Unfortunately, different data providers employ qualitatively different data models, and this gives rise to problems exchanging data across organizational boundaries. Over the past decade, these problems have motivated data producers and consumers to look toward standardized data exchange models to address data interoperability. In this paper we examine some of these standardized data exchange models and compare them with a new type of data model based on ontologies. Ontology models have emerged in recent years from a confluence of research in the artificial intelligence, semantic web, and information science communities. This paper introduces ontology models, provides several use cases for ontologies relevant to aviation data management, and summarizes state-of-the-art aviation prototype applications that utilize ontologies. C1 [Keller, Richard M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Intelligent Syst Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Keller, RM (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Intelligent Syst Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM rich.keller@nasa.gov NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400030 ER PT S AU Laughter, S Cox, D AF Laughter, Sean Cox, David GP IEEE TI AirSTAR Hardware and Software Design for Beyond Visual Range Flight Research SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Airborne Subscale Transport Aircraft Research (AirSTAR) Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) is a facility developed to study the flight dynamics of vehicles in emergency conditions, in support of aviation safety research. The system was upgraded to have its operational range significantly expanded, going beyond the line of sight of a ground-based pilot. A redesign of the airborne flight hardware was undertaken, as well as significant changes to the software base, in order to provide appropriate autonomous behavior in response to a number of potential failures and hazards. Ground hardware and system monitors were also upgraded to include redundant communication links, including ADS-B based position displays and an independent flight termination system. The design included both custom and commercially available avionics, combined to allow flexibility in flight experiment design while still benefiting from tested configurations in reversionary flight modes. A similar hierarchy was employed in the software architecture, to allow research codes to be tested, with a fallback to more thoroughly validated flight controls. As a remotely piloted facility, ground systems were also developed to ensure the flight modes and system state were communicated to ground operations personnel in real-time. Presented in this paper is a general overview of the concept of operations for beyond visual range flight, and a detailed review of the airborne hardware and software design. This discussion is held in the context of the safety and procedural requirements that drove many of the design decisions for the AirSTAR UAS Beyond Visual Range capability. C1 [Laughter, Sean] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Aeronaut Syst Engn Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Cox, David] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Dynam Syst & Control Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP Laughter, S (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Aeronaut Syst Engn Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400020 ER PT S AU Martin, L Bienert, N Claudatos, L Gujral, V Kraut, J Mercer, J AF Martin, Lynne Bienert, Nancy Claudatos, Lauren Gujral, Vimmy Kraut, Joshua Mercer, Joey GP IEEE TI Effects of task allocation on air traffic management human-automation system performance SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE function allocation; amounts of automation; human-automation interaction; system performance; separation assurance; air traffic control AB To determine the capabilities and limitations of human operators and automation in separation assurance roles, a human-in-the-loop study investigated allocation of air traffic control functions across three different conditions where amount of automation and controller tasks were varied. Participants worked a single sector with aircraft in different phases of flight. Scenarios included varying levels of traffic and purpose-built conflicts, in a 3-by-2 condition design (task automation by traffic scenario). The premise of the study was that greater amounts of automation would reduce participant workload and increase performance (fewer losses of separation and greater schedule conformance). Findings showed that while workload did decrease, on average, the best system performance overall occurred in a condition where there was some but not full automation, suggesting the value of keeping a controller purposefully involved in air traffic control. C1 [Martin, Lynne; Bienert, Nancy; Claudatos, Lauren; Gujral, Vimmy; Kraut, Joshua] San Jose State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Mercer, Joey] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Martin, L (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM Lynne.Martin@nasa.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400054 ER PT S AU Mehlitz, P Shafiei, N Tkachuk, O Davies, M AF Mehlitz, Peter Shafiei, Nastaran Tkachuk, Oksana Davies, Misty GP IEEE TI RACE building airspace simulations faster and better with actors SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING AB Creating large, distributed, human-in-the-loop airspace simulations does not have to take armies of developers and years of work. Related code bases can be kept manageable even if they include sophisticated interactive visualization. Starting such projects does not have to require huge upfront licensing fees. We showed this by using contemporary internet software technology. Our Runtime for Airspace Concept Evaluation (RACE) framework utilizes the actor programming model and open source components such as Akka and WorldWind to facilitate rapid development and deployment of distributed simulations that run on top of Java virtual machines, integrate well with external systems, and communicate across the internet. RACE itself is open sourced and available from https://github.com/NASARace/race. C1 [Mehlitz, Peter; Shafiei, Nastaran; Tkachuk, Oksana; Davies, Misty] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Mehlitz, P; Shafiei, N; Tkachuk, O; Davies, M (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM peter.c.mehlitz@nasa.gov; nastaran.shafiel@nasa.com; oksana.tkachuk@nasa.gov; misty.d.davies@nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400049 ER PT S AU Mercer, J Espinosa, SH AF Mercer, Joey Espinosa, Sarah Hunt GP IEEE TI Differing Air Traffic Controller Responses to Similar Trajectory Prediction Errors An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of Controller Behavior SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE ATC; Interrupted time-series ID INTERVENTION MODELS AB A Human-In-The-Loop simulation was conducted in January of 2013 in the Airspace Operations Laboratory at NASA's Ames Research Center. The simulation airspace included two en route sectors feeding the northwest corner of Atlanta's Terminal Radar Approach Control. The focus of this paper is on how uncertainties in the study's trajectory predictions impacted the controllers' ability to perform their duties. Of particular interest is how the controllers interacted with the delay information displayed in the meter list and data block while managing the arrival flows. Due to wind forecasts with 30-knot over-predictions and 30-knot under-predictions, delay value computations included errors of similar magnitude, albeit in opposite directions. However, when performing their duties in the presence of these errors, did the controllers issue clearances of similar magnitude, albeit in opposite directions? This paper describes the use of a novel technique (Interrupted Time Series) to examine the controller response data. C1 [Mercer, Joey] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Airspace Operat Lab, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. [Espinosa, Sarah Hunt] SPAWAR Syst Ctr Pacific, User Ctr Design & Engn, San Diego, CA USA. RP Mercer, J (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Airspace Operat Lab, Mountain View, CA 94035 USA. EM joey.mercer@nasa.gov; shunt@spawar.navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400036 ER PT S AU Mogford, R Peknik, D Duley, A Evans, C Delmo, L Amalu, C AF Mogford, Richard Peknik, Dan Duley, Aaron Evans, Cody Delmo, Lionel Amalu, Christian GP IEEE TI Flight Awareness Collaboration Tool Development SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE airline operations center (AOC); air traffic delays; winter storms; airports; decision support tool; collaboration; AOC automation; de-icing AB NASA is developing the Flight Awareness Collaboration Tool (FACT) to support airline and airport operations during winter storms. The goal is to reduce flight delays and cancellations due to winter weather. FACT concentrates relevant information from the Internet and Federal Aviation Administration on one screen for easy access. It provides collaboration tools for those managing the winter weather event including the airline operations center, airport authority, the air traffic control tower, and de-icing operators. We have formed a user team from an affected airport to guide the design and evaluate the web-based prototype. Future work includes adding predictive capabilities, conducting a simulation to test FACT in a realistic environment, and evaluating the tool in an operational environment. C1 [Mogford, Richard; Peknik, Dan; Duley, Aaron; Evans, Cody; Delmo, Lionel; Amalu, Christian] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Mogford, R (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400095 ER PT S AU Parke, B Mohlenbrink, C Brasil, C Speridakos, C Yoo, HS Omar, F Buckley, N Gabriel, C Belfield, A Lee, PU Smith, NM AF Parke, B. Mohlenbrink, C. Brasil, C. Speridakos, C. Yoo, H. S. Omar, F. Buckley, N. Gabriel, C. Belfield, A. Lee, P. U. Smith, N. M. GP IEEE TI Reducing Departure Delays for Adjacent Center Airports using Time-Based Flow Management Scheduler: Checkbox ON or OFF? SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE Airborne delay; departure delay; ground delay; Time-Based Flow Management; TBFM Checkbox AB There is a checkbox in the Time-Based Flow Management (TBFM) scheduling window which, when checked by a Traffic Management Coordinator (TMC), makes room for a departure to fit into a crowded airborne stream. The checkbox ON algorithm accomplishes this by delaying the Scheduled Times of Arrivals (STAs) of the airborne flights upstream of the TBFM freeze horizons and compressing these flights to their minimum required spacing, thereby creating a full departure slot. Hence, having the checkbox ON can reduce the frequent ground delays of aircraft departing near high volume airports but can increase delays for airborne arrivals. A Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) simulation compared arrival and departure delays to Newark Airport (EWR) with the checkbox ON vs. OFF as the default position. Three other conditions in this HITL involved various National Airspace System (NAS)-wide approaches for timely delivery of aircraft to the TBFM region. These conditions were: Baseline, using current Mile-in-Trail (MIT) spacing restrictions; Integrated Demand Management (IDM), where all aircraft were given departure times (Expect Departure Clearance Times, or EDCTs), ultimately based on the EWR Airport Arrival Rate; and IDM plus Required Time of Arrival (RTA), a flight deck tool which allowed some aircraft to meet a controlled time of arrival to the TBFM area more precisely. Results showed that the checkbox tool was powerful: with the checkbox ON, departure delays decreased and airborne delays increased, as predicted. However, assuming that the cost ratio of a minute of airborne delay to a minute of departure delay is in the range of 1.2 to 3, as commonly indicated by the literature, checkbox ON and checkbox OFF conditions showed approximately equal total delay costs, i.e., the cost of delays in the air balanced the cost of the delay on the ground. The three scheduling conditions also had approximately equal total delay costs, although a simulation artifact may have reduced the delays in the Baseline condition. In the debrief following the simulation, the TMCs concluded that the checkbox should be used flexibly depending on the current delay situation, and suggested modifications to the checkbox tool which would help them use it in this way, along with enhanced training. The relatively similar total cost of both checkbox default options in this simulation indicates that this might be a fruitful approach, and replace the necessity to have the checkbox rigidly set to either ON or OFF. C1 [Parke, B.; Mohlenbrink, C.; Brasil, C.; Speridakos, C.; Yoo, H. S.; Omar, F.; Buckley, N.; Gabriel, C.; Belfield, A.] SJSURF NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA 95112 USA. [Lee, P. U.; Smith, N. M.] NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Parke, B (reprint author), SJSURF NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA 95112 USA. EM bonny.parke@nasa.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400148 ER PT S AU Rios, J Mulfinger, D Homola, J Venkatesan, P AF Rios, Joseph Mulfinger, Daniel Homola, Jeff Venkatesan, Priya GP IEEE TI NASA UAS Traffic Management National Campaign Operations across Six UAS Test Sites SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE UAS; UTM; air traffic management AB NASA's Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management research aims to develop policies, procedures, requirements, and other artifacts to inform the implementation of a future system that enables small drones to access the low altitude airspace. In this endeavor, NASA conducted a geographically diverse flight test in conjunction with the FAA's six unmanned aircraft systems Test Sites. A control center at NASA Ames Research Center autonomously managed the airspace for all participants in eight states as they flew operations (both real and simulated). The system allowed for common situational awareness across all stakeholders, kept traffic procedurally separated, offered messages to inform the participants of activity relevant to their operations. Over the 3-hour test, 102 flight operations connected to the central research platform with 17 different vehicle types and 8 distinct software client implementations while seamlessly interacting with simulated traffic. C1 [Rios, Joseph; Mulfinger, Daniel; Homola, Jeff] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Venkatesan, Priya] ASRC Fed, Moffett Field, CA USA. RP Rios, J (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM josey.rios@nasa.gov; daniel.g.mulfinger@nasa.gov; jeffrey.r.homola@nasa.gov; priya.venkatesan@nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400132 ER PT S AU Rodionova, O Sridhar, B Ng, HK AF Rodionova, Olga Sridhar, Banavar Ng, Hok K. GP IEEE TI Conflict Resolution for Wind-Optimal Aircraft Trajectories in North Atlantic Oceanic Airspace with Wind Uncertainties SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE North Atlantic oceanic airspace; wind-optimal trajectories; conflict detection and resolution; wind uncertainties; strategic flight planning; stochastic optimization algorithm ID COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT; FORECASTS AB Air traffic in the North Atlantic oceanic airspace (NAT) experiences very strong winds caused by jet streams. Flying wind-optimal trajectories increases individual flight efficiency, which is advantageous when operating in the NAT. However, as the NAT is highly congested during peak hours, a large number of potential conflicts between flights are detected for the sets of wind-optimal trajectories. Conflict resolution performed at the strategic level of flight planning can significantly reduce the airspace congestion. However, being completed far in advance, strategic planning can only use predicted environmental conditions that may significantly differ from the real conditions experienced further by aircraft. The forecast uncertainties result in uncertainties in conflict prediction, and thus, conflict resolution becomes less efficient. This work considers wind uncertainties in order to improve the robustness of conflict resolution in the NAT. First, the influence of wind uncertainties on conflict prediction is investigated. Then, conflict resolution methods accounting for wind uncertainties are proposed. C1 [Rodionova, Olga; Sridhar, Banavar] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Ng, Hok K.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Rodionova, O (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400068 ER PT S AU Roscoe, DA Vivona, RA Woods, SE Karr, DA Wing, DJ AF Roscoe, David A. Vivona, Robert A. Woods, Sharon E. Karr, David A. Wing, David J. GP IEEE TI Deploying a Route Optimization EFB Application for Commercial Airline Operational Trials SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE TASAR; TAP; EFB; ADS-B; ARINC 702A-1; STAP; certification; broadband; Internet; avionics; AOP AB The Traffic Aware Planner (TAP), developed for NASA Langley Research Center to support the Traffic Aware Strategic Aircrew Requests (TASAR) project, is a flight-efficiency software application developed for an Electronic Flight Bag (EFB). Tested in two flight trials and planned for operational testing by two commercial airlines, TAP is a real-time trajectory optimization application that leverages connectivity with onboard avionics and broadband Internet sources to compute and recommend route modifications to flight crews to improve fuel and time performance. The application utilizes a wide range of data, including Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) traffic, Flight Management System (FMS) guidance and intent, on-board sensors, published winds and weather, and Special Use Airspace (SUA) schedules. This paper discusses the challenges of developing and deploying TAP to various EFB platforms, our solutions to some of these challenges, and lessons learned, to assist commercial software developers and hardware manufacturers in their efforts to implement and extend TAP functionality in their environments. EFB applications (such as TAP) typically access avionics data via an ARINC 834 Simple Text Avionics Protocol (STAP) server hosted by an Aircraft Interface Device (AID) or other installed hardware. While the protocol is standardized, the data sources, content, and transmission rates can vary from aircraft to aircraft. Additionally, the method of communicating with the AID may vary depending on EFB hardware and/or the availability of onboard networking services, such as Ethernet, WIFI, Bluetooth, or other mechanisms. EFBs with portable and installed components can be implemented using a variety of operating systems, and cockpits are increasingly incorporating tablet-based technologies, further expanding the number of platforms the application may need to support. Supporting multiple EFB platforms, AIDs, avionics datasets, and user interfaces presents a challenge for software developers and the management of their code baselines. Maintaining multiple baselines to support all deployment targets can be extremely cumbersome and expensive. Certification also needs to be considered when developing the application. Regardless of whether the software is itself destined to be certified, data requirements in support of the application and user interface elements may introduce certification requirements for EFB manufacturers and the airlines. The example of TAP, the challenges faced, solutions implemented, and lessons learned will give EFB application and hardware developers insight into future potential requirements in deploying TAP or similar flight-deck EFB applications. C1 [Roscoe, David A.; Vivona, Robert A.; Woods, Sharon E.; Karr, David A.] Engility Corp, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. [Wing, David J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Roscoe, DA (reprint author), Engility Corp, Billerica, MA 01821 USA. EM david.roscoe@engilitycorp.com; robert.vivona@engilitycorp.com; sharon.woods@engilitycorp.com; david.karr@engilitycorp.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400094 ER PT S AU Sadler, G Battiste, H Ho, N Hoffmann, L Johnson, W Shively, R Lyons, J Smith, D AF Sadler, Garrett Battiste, Henri Ho, Nhut Hoffmann, Lauren Johnson, Walter Shively, Robert Lyons, Joseph Smith, David GP IEEE TI EFFECTS OF TRANSPARENCY ON PILOT TRUST AND AGREEMENT IN THE AUTONOMOUS CONSTRAINED FLIGHT PLANNER SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE trust in automation; commercial aviation; human-machine interface; automated tools; NASA ID AUTOMATION; SYSTEMS; RELIANCE; HUMANS; DESIGN; ISSUES AB We performed a human-in-the-loop study to explore the role of transparency in engendering trust and reliance within highly automated systems. Specifically, we examined how transparency impacts trust in and reliance upon the Autonomous Constrained Flight Planner (ACFP), a critical automated system being developed as part of NASA's Reduced Crew Operations (RCO) Concept. The ACFP is designed to provide an enhanced ground operator, termed a super dispatcher, with recommended diversions for aircraft when their primary destinations are unavailable. In the current study, 12 commercial transport rated pilots who played the role of super dispatchers were given six time-pressured "all land" scenarios where they needed to use the ACFP to determine diversions for multiple aircraft. Two factors were manipulated. The primary factor was level of transparency. In low transparency scenarios the pilots were given a recommended airport and runway, plus basic information about the weather conditions, the aircraft types, and the airport and runway characteristics at that and other airports. In moderate transparency scenarios the pilots were also given a risk evaluation for the recommended airport, and for the other airports if they requested it. In the high transparency scenario additional information including the reasoning for the risk evaluations was made available to the pilots. The secondary factor was level of risk, either high or low. For high-risk aircraft, all potential diversions were rated as highly risky, with the ACFP giving the best option for a bad situation. For low-risk aircraft the ACFP found only low-risk options for the pilot. Both subjective and objective measures were collected, including rated trust, whether the pilots checked the validity of the automation recommendation, and whether the pilots eventually flew to the recommended diversion airport. Key results show that: 1) Pilots' trust increased with higher levels of transparency, 2) Pilots were more likely to verify ACFP's recommendations with low levels of transparency and when risk was high, 3) Pilots were more likely to explore other options from the ACFP in low transparency conditions and when risk was high, and 4) Pilots' decision to accept or reject ACFP's recommendations increased as a function of the transparency in the explanation. The finding that higher levels of transparency was coupled with higher levels of trust, a lower need to verify other options, and higher levels of agreement with ACFP recommendations, confirms the importance of transparency in aiding reliance on automated recommendations. Additional analyses of qualitative data gathered from subjects through surveys and during debriefing interviews also provided the basis for new design recommendations for the ACFP. C1 [Sadler, Garrett; Battiste, Henri; Ho, Nhut; Hoffmann, Lauren] NVH Human Syst Integrat, Canoga Pk, CA 91303 USA. [Johnson, Walter; Shively, Robert] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Human Syst Integrat Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lyons, Joseph] US Air Force, Res Lab, Human Performance Wing 711, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Smith, David] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Intelligent Syst Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Ho, N (reprint author), NVH Human Syst Integrat, Canoga Pk, CA 91303 USA. EM nhut.ho.51@gmail.com NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400056 ER PT S AU Wargo, C Snipes, C Roy, A Kerczewski, R AF Wargo, Chris Snipes, Corey Roy, Aloke Kerczewski, Robert GP IEEE TI UAS Industry Growth: Forecasting Impact on Regional Infrastructure, Environment, and Economy SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE UAS; UAV; RPA; forecast; forecasting; economy; economic; environment; environmental; communications; community AB A key requirement in preparing for a growing UAS industry and for the integration of unmanned vehicles into the US national airspace, is a method for clear and specific forecasting. We must know what types of operations are being performed, where they will occur, and what types of vehicles will be used. Current demand forecast models are not tightly coupled to the real purpose of the mission requirements (e.g. in terms the real locations of physical structures such as windmills to inspect, farms to survey, pipelines to patrol, etc.). To this end, Mosaic ATM under NASA guidance, is developing a crowd-sourced demand forecast engine for commercial and government organizational users to draw upon and share vetted and accurate projection data, and extend that data to evaluate associated impacts. The UAS Demand Generator for Discrete Airspace Density (UAXPAN) project combines forecast data from disparate sources in a common data format, and uses these to present a solid basis for demand forecasts. This specific, data-driven forecasting is crucial to understanding the impacts of a growing UAS industry on regional infrastructure, environment, and economy. C1 [Wargo, Chris] Mosaic ATM, Leesburg, VA 20176 USA. [Snipes, Corey] Mosaic ATM, Denver, VA USA. [Roy, Aloke] Honeywell Intl, Columbia, MD USA. [Kerczewski, Robert] NASA, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Wargo, C (reprint author), Mosaic ATM, Leesburg, VA 20176 USA. EM cwargo@mosaicatm.com; csnipes@mosaicatm.com; aloke.roy@honeywell.com; rkerczewski@nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400104 ER PT S AU Xue, M Zelinski, S AF Xue, Min Zelinski, Shannon GP IEEE TI ROUTE OPTIMIZATION FOR OFFLOADING CONGESTED METER FIXES SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING AB The Optimized Route Capability (ORC) concept proposed by the FAA facilitates traffic managers to identify and resolve arrival flight delays caused by bottlenecks formed at arrival meter fixes when there exists imbalance between arrival fixes and runways. ORC makes use of the prediction capability of existing automation tools, monitors the traffic delays based on these predictions, and searches the best reroutes upstream of the meter fixes based on the predictions and estimated arrival schedules when delays are over a predefined threshold. Initial implementation and evaluation of the ORC concept considered only reroutes available at the time arrival congestion was first predicted. This work extends previous work by introducing an additional dimension in reroute options such that ORC can find the best time to reroute and overcome the 'first-come-first-reroute' phenomenon. To deal with the enlarged reroute solution space, a genetic algorithm was developed to solve this problem. Experiments were conducted using the same traffic scenario used in previous work, when an arrival rush was created for one of the four arrival meter fixes at George Bush Intercontinental Houston Airport. Results showed the new approach further improved delay savings. The suggested route changes from the new approach were on average 30 minutes later than those using other approaches, and fewer numbers of reroutes were required. Fewer numbers of reroutes reduce operational complexity and later reroutes help decision makers deal with uncertain situations. C1 [Xue, Min; Zelinski, Shannon] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Xue, M (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400155 ER PT S AU Yoo, HS Mohlenbrink, C Brasil, C Buckley, N Globus, A Smith, NM Lee, PU AF Yoo, Hyo-Sang Mohlenbrink, Christoph Brasil, Connie Buckley, Nathan Globus, Al Smith, Nancy M. Lee, Paul U. GP IEEE TI Required Time of Arrival as a Control Mechanism to Mitigate Uncertainty in Arrival Traffic Demand Management SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE Required Time of Arrival (RTA); Departure Error; Uncertainty Mitigation; Traffic Flow Management; TFMS; Integrated Demand Management (IDM) AB the objective of this study is to explore the use of Required Time of Arrival (RTA) capability on the flight deck as a control mechanism on arrival traffic management to improve traffic delivery accuracy by mitigating the effect of traffic demand uncertainty. The uncertainties are caused by various factors, such as departure error due to the difference between scheduled departure and the actual take-off time. A simulation study was conducted using the Multi Aircraft Control System (MACS) software, a comprehensive research platform developed in the Airspace Operations Laboratory (AOL) at NASA Ames Research Center. The Crossing Time (CT) performance (i.e. the difference between target crossing time and actual crossing time) of the RTA for uncertainty mitigation during cruise phase was evaluated under the influence of varying two main factors: wind severity (heavy wind vs. mild wind), and wind error (1 hour, 2 hours, and 5 hours wind forecast errors). To examine the CT performance improvement made by the RTA, the comparison to the CT of the aircraft that were not assigned with RTA (Non-RTA) under the influence of the selected factors was also made. The Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) was chosen for this study. A total 66 inbound traffic to the EWR (34 of them were airborne when the simulation was initiated, 32 were pre-departures at that time) was simulated, where the pre-scripted departure error was assigned to each pre-departure (61 % conform to their Expected Departure Clearance Time, which is +/-300 seconds of their scheduled departure time). The results of the study show that the delivery accuracy improvement can be achieved by assigning RTA, regardless of the influence of the selected two factors (the wind severity and the wind information inaccuracy). Across all wind variances, 66.9% (265 out of 396) of the CT performance of the RTA assigned aircraft was within +/-60 seconds (i.e. target tolerance range) and 88.9% (352 out of 396) aircraft met +/-300 seconds marginal tolerance range, while only 33.6% (133 out of 396) of the Non-RTA assigned aircraft's CT performance achieved the target tolerance range and 75.5% (299 out of 396) stayed within the marginal. Examination of the impact of different error sources - i.e. departure error, wind severity, and wind error - suggest that although large departure errors can significantly impact the CT performance, the impacts of wind severity and errors were modest relative the targeted +/-60 second conformance range. C1 [Yoo, Hyo-Sang; Mohlenbrink, Christoph; Brasil, Connie; Buckley, Nathan; Globus, Al] San Jose State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Smith, Nancy M.; Lee, Paul U.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Yoo, HS (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM Hyo-Sang.Yoo@nasa.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400071 ER PT S AU Young, SD Daniels, T Evans, E Dill, E de Haag, MU Etherington, T AF Young, Steven D. Daniels, Taumi Evans, Emory Dill, Evan de Haag, Maarten Uijt Etherington, Tim GP IEEE TI Flight Simulation Study of Airplane State Awareness and Prediction Technologies SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE Energy state; autonomy monitoring; loss of air data; predictive capability; electronic checklists; synoptics AB Airplane state awareness (ASA) is a pilot performance attribute derived from the more general attribute known as situation awareness. Airplane state alludes primarily to attitude and energy state, but also infers other state variables, such as the state of automated or autonomous systems, that can affect attitude or energy state. Recognizing that loss of ASA has been a contributing factor to recent accidents, an industry-wide team has recommended several Safety Enhancements (SEs) to resolve or mitigate the problem. Two of these SEs call for research and development of new technology that can predict energy and/or auto-flight system states, and intuitively notify or alert flight crews to future unsafe or otherwise undesired states. In addition, it is desired that future air vehicles will be able to operate with a high degree of awareness of their own well-being. This form of ASA requires onboard predictive capabilities that can inform decision-making functions of critical markers trending to unsafe states. This paper describes a high-fidelity flight simulation study designed to address the two industry-recommended SEs for current aircraft, as well as this desired self-awareness capability for future aircraft. Eleven commercial airline crews participated in the testing, completing more than 220 flights. Flight scenarios were utilized that span a broad set of conditions including several that emulated recent accidents. An extensive data set was collected that includes both qualitative data from the pilots, and quantitative data from a unique set of instrumentation devices. The latter includes a head-/eye-tracking system and a physiological measurement system. State-of-the-art flight deck systems and indicators were evaluated, as were a set of new technologies. These included an enhancement to the bank angle indicator; predictive algorithms and indications of where the auto-flight system will take the aircraft and when automation mode changes will occur or where energy-related problems may occur; and synoptic (i.e., graphical) depictions of the effects of loss of flight critical data, combined with streamlined electronic checklists. Topics covered by this paper include the research program context, test objectives, descriptions of the technologies under test, platform and operational environment setup, a summary of findings, and future work. C1 [Young, Steven D.; Daniels, Taumi; Evans, Emory; Dill, Evan] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [de Haag, Maarten Uijt] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Etherington, Tim] Rockwell Collins, Cedar Rapids, IA USA. RP Young, SD (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400013 ER PT S AU Zelinski, S Windhorst, R AF Zelinski, Shannon Windhorst, Robert GP IEEE TI Departure Queue Prediction for Strategic and Tactical Surface Scheduler Integration SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING DE Departure metering; surface scheduling; departure queue prediction AB A departure metering concept to be demonstrated at Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT) will integrate strategic and tactical surface scheduling components to enable the respective collaborative decision making and improved efficiency benefits these two methods of scheduling provide. This study analyzes the effect of tactical scheduling on strategic scheduler predictability. Strategic queue predictions and target gate pushback times to achieve a desired queue length are compared between fast time simulations of CLT surface operations with and without tactical scheduling. The use of variable departure rates as a strategic scheduler input was shown to substantially improve queue predictions over static departure rates. With target queue length calibration, the strategic scheduler can be tuned to produce average delays within one minute of the tactical scheduler. However, root mean square differences between strategic and tactical delays were between 12 and 15 minutes due to the different methods the strategic and tactical schedulers use to predict takeoff times and generate gate pushback clearances. This demonstrates how difficult it is for the strategic scheduler to predict tactical scheduler assigned gate delays on an individual flight basis as the tactical scheduler adjusts departure sequence to accommodate arrival interactions. Strategic/tactical scheduler compatibility may be improved by providing more arrival information to the strategic scheduler and stabilizing tactical scheduler changes to runway sequence in response to arrivals. C1 [Zelinski, Shannon; Windhorst, Robert] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Aerosp High Dens Operat Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Zelinski, S (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Aerosp High Dens Operat Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM Shannon.J.Zelinski@nasa.gov; Robert.D.Windhorst@nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400134 ER PT S AU Zhu, ZF Okunick, N Gerdes, I Schier, S Lee, H Jung, Y AF Zhu, Zhifan Okunick, Nikolai Gerdes, Ingrid Schier, Sebastian Lee, Hanbong Jung, Yoon GP IEEE TI Performance Evaluation of the Approaches and Algorithms Using Hamburg Airport Operations SO 2016 IEEE/AIAA 35TH DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY SEP 25-29, 2016 CL Sacramento, CA SP IEEE, AIAA, AESS, AIAA Digital Avion Tech Comm, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Aviat Syst Div, Simulat Lab, MITRE, BOEING AB The German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have been independently developing and testing their own concepts and tools for airport surface traffic management. Although these concepts and tools have been tested individually for European and US airports, they have never been compared or analyzed side-by-side. This paper presents the collaborative research devoted to the evaluation and analysis of two different surface management concepts. Hamburg Airport was used as a common test bed airport for the study. First, two independent simulations using the same traffic scenario were conducted: one by the DLR team using the Controller Assistance for Departure Optimization (CADEO) and the Taxi Routing for Aircraft: Creation and Controlling (TRACC) in a real-time simulation environment, and one by the NASA team based on the Spot and Runway Departure Advisor (SARDA) in a fast-time simulation environment. A set of common performance metrics was defined. The simulation results showed that both approaches produced operational benefits in efficiency, such as reducing taxi times, while maintaining runway throughput. Both approaches generated the gate pushback schedule to meet the runway schedule, such that the runway utilization was maximized. The conflict-free taxi guidance by TRACC helped avoid taxi conflicts and reduced taxiing stops, but the taxi benefit needed be assessed together with runway throughput to analyze the overall performance objective. C1 [Zhu, Zhifan] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Okunick, Nikolai; Gerdes, Ingrid; Schier, Sebastian] German Aerosp Ctr, D-38108 Braunschweig, Germany. [Lee, Hanbong] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Jung, Yoon] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Zhu, ZF (reprint author), Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-5090-2523-7 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG6LR UT WOS:000390558400133 ER PT S AU Bouyssounouse, X Nefian, AV Thomas, A Edwards, L Deans, M Fong, T AF Bouyssounouse, X. Nefian, A. V. Thomas, A. Edwards, L. Deans, M. Fong, T. GP IEEE TI HORIZON BASED ORIENTATION ESTIMATION FOR PLANETARY SURFACE NAVIGATION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING (ICIP) SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) CY SEP 25-28, 2016 CL Phoenix, AZ SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Signal Proc Soc DE autonomous navigation; localization; horizon matching ID SKY SEGMENTATION AB Planetary rovers navigate in extreme environments for which a Global Positioning System (GPS) is unavailable, maps are restricted to relatively low resolution provided by orbital imagery, and compass information is often lacking due to weak or not existent magnetic fields. However, an accurate rover localization is particularly important to achieve the mission success by reaching the science targets, avoiding negative obstacles visible only in orbital maps, and maintaining good communication connections with ground. This paper describes a horizon solution for precise rover orientation estimation. The detected horizon in imagery provided by the on board navigation cameras is matched with the horizon rendered over the existing terrain model. The set of rotation parameters (roll, pitch yaw) that minimize the cost function between the two horizon curves corresponds to the rover estimated pose. C1 [Bouyssounouse, X.; Nefian, A. V.; Thomas, A.; Edwards, L.; Deans, M.; Fong, T.] Stanford Univ, SGT, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Bouyssounouse, X (reprint author), Stanford Univ, SGT, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4673-9961-6 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2016 BP 4368 EP 4372 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG6QD UT WOS:000390782004068 ER PT J AU Wilson, WC Moore, JP Juarez, PD AF Wilson, William C. Moore, Jason P. Juarez, Peter D. GP IEEE TI Surface Acoustic Wave Vibration Sensors for Measuring Aircraft Flutter SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PROGNOSTICS AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT (ICPHM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Prognostics and Health Management (ICPHM) CY JUN 20-22, 2016 CL Carleton Univ, Ottawa, CANADA SP IEEE, IEEE Reliabil Soc HO Carleton Univ DE SHM; IVHM; SAW; Surface Acoustic Wave; Fluttter; Sensors AB Under NASA's Advanced Air Vehicles Program the Advanced Air Transport Technology (AATT) Project is investigating flutter effects on aeroelastic wings. To support that work a new method for measuring vibrations due to flutter has been developed. The method employs low power Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) sensors. To demonstrate the ability of the SAW sensor to detect flutter vibrations the sensors were attached to a Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite panel which was vibrated at six frequencies from 1Hz to 50Hz. The SAW data was compared to accelerometer data and was found to resemble sine waves and match each other closely. The SAW module design and results from the tests are presented here. C1 [Wilson, William C.; Moore, Jason P.; Juarez, Peter D.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Nondestruct Evaluat Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Wilson, WC (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Nondestruct Evaluat Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. EM William.C.Wilson@nasa.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0381-5 PY 2016 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6OT UT WOS:000390707700042 ER PT S AU Rohrbach, SO Irvin, RG Seals, LT Skelton, DL AF Rohrbach, Scott O. Irvin, Ryan G. Seals, Lenward T. Skelton, Dennis L. BE Johnson, RB Mahajan, VN Thibault, S TI Stray light modeling of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) SO CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN LENS DESIGN AND OPTICAL ENGINEERING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XVII CY AUG 31-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE JWST; ISIM; stray light; scattering; ghosting AB This paper describes an integrated stray light model of each Science Instrument (SI) in the Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM) of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the Optical Telescope Element Simulator (OSIM), the light source used to characterize the performance of ISIM in cryogenic-vacuum tests at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). We present three cases where this stray light model was integral to solving questions that arose during the testing campaign - 1) ghosting and coherent diffraction from hardware surfaces in the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) GR700XD grism mode, 2) ghost spots in the Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) GRISM modes, and 3) scattering from knife edges of the NIRCam focal plane array masks. C1 [Rohrbach, Scott O.; Seals, Lenward T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Irvin, Ryan G.] LLC, Photon Engn, 310 S Williams Blvd 222, Tucson, AZ 85711 USA. [Skelton, Dennis L.] Sigma Space Corp, 4600 Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Rohrbach, SO (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM scott.rohrbach@nasa.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0285-4; 978-1-5106-0286-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9947 AR UNSP 99470K DI 10.1117/12.2238827 PG 12 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG6UG UT WOS:000390843900018 ER PT J AU Anderson, W Krimchansky, A Birmingham, M Lombardi, M AF Anderson, William Krimchansky, Alexander Birmingham, Michael Lombardi, Matthew GP IEEE TI The Geostationary Operational Satellite R Series SpaceWire Based Data System Session: SpaceWire Networks and Protocols, Long Paper SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SPACEWIRE CONFERENCE (SPACEWIRE 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International SpaceWire Conference (SpaceWire) CY OCT 24-28, 2016 CL Yokohama, JAPAN SP Univ Dundee, Space Technol Ctr AB The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R-Series Program (GOES-R, S, T, and U) mission is a joint program between National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). SpaceWire was selected as the science data bus as well as command and telemetry for the GOES instruments. GOES-R, S, T, and U spacecraft have a mission data loss requirement for all data transfers between the instruments and spacecraft requiring error detection and correction at the packet level. The GOES-R Reliable Data Delivery Protocol (GRDDP) [1] was developed in house to provide a means of reliably delivering data among various on board sources and sinks. The GRDDP was presented to and accepted by the European Cooperation for Space Standardization (ECSS) and is part of the ECSS Protocol Identification Standard [2]. GOES-R development and integration is complete and the observatory is scheduled for launch November 2016. Now that instrument to spacecraft integration is complete, GOES-R Project reviewed lessons learned to determine how the GRDDP could be revised to improve the integration process. Based on knowledge gained during the instrument to spacecraft integration process the following is presented to help potential GRDDP users improve their system designs and implementation. C1 [Anderson, William] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, GOES R Flight Data Syst Lead Engn, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Krimchansky, Alexander] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, GOES R Miss Syst Manager, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Birmingham, Michael] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, GOES R Embedded Software Engn, Denver, CO USA. [Lombardi, Matthew] Lockheed Martin, GOES R Simulat & Test Engineer, Denver, CO USA. RP Anderson, W (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, GOES R Flight Data Syst Lead Engn, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM william.h.anderson@nasa.gov; alexander.krimchansky@nasa.gov; mike.j.birmingham@lmco.com; matthew.s.lombardi@lmco.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9557-1968-4 PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6LS UT WOS:000390559300025 ER PT J AU Birmingham, M Anderson, WH Krimchansky, A Lombardi, MS AF Birmingham, Michael Anderson, William H. Krimchansky, Alexander Lombardi, Matthew S. GP IEEE TI Essential SpaceWire Hardware Capabilities for a Robust Network Session: SpaceWire Networks and Protocols, Short Paper SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SPACEWIRE CONFERENCE (SPACEWIRE 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International SpaceWire Conference (SpaceWire) CY OCT 24-28, 2016 CL Yokohama, JAPAN SP Univ Dundee, Space Technol Ctr DE SpaceWire; Networks; Routers; GOES-R; GRDDP AB The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R-Series Program (GOES-R) mission is a joint program between National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). GOES-R project selected SpaceWire as the best solution to satisfy the desire for simple and flexible instrument to spacecraft command and telemetry communications. GOES-R development and integration is complete and the observatory is scheduled for launch October 2016. The spacecraft design was required to support redundant SpaceWire links for each instrument side, as well as to route the fewest number of connections through a Slip Ring Assembly necessary to support Solar pointing instruments. The final design utilized two different router designs. The SpaceWire standard alone does not ensure the most practical or reliable network. On GOES-R a few key hardware capabilities were identified that merit serious consideration for future designs. Primarily these capabilities address persistent port stalls and the prevention of receive buffer overflows. Workarounds were necessary to overcome shortcomings that could be avoided in future designs if they utilize the capabilities, discussed in this paper, above and beyond the requirements of the SpaceWire standard. C1 [Birmingham, Michael] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ASRC Fed, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Anderson, William H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ASRC Fed, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Krimchansky, Alexander] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Lombardi, Matthew S.] Lockheed Martin, Denver, CO USA. RP Birmingham, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ASRC Fed, Denver, CO 80202 USA. EM mike.j.birmingham@lmco.com; william.h.anderson@nasa.gov; alexander.krimchansky@nasa.gov; matthew.s.lombardi@lmco.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9557-1968-4 PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6LS UT WOS:000390559300009 ER PT J AU Clancy, SC Shihabi, MM Angkasa, KS AF Clancy, Susan C. Shihabi, Mazen M. Angkasa, Krisjani S. GP IEEE TI Using SpaceWire Time Codes for Spacecraft Time Synchronization SpaceWire Missions and Applications, Short Paper SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SPACEWIRE CONFERENCE (SPACEWIRE 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International SpaceWire Conference (SpaceWire) CY OCT 24-28, 2016 CL Yokohama, JAPAN SP Univ Dundee, Space Technol Ctr DE Relevant indexing terms: SpaceWire; SpaceWire Time Codes; SpaceWire Time Distribution Protocol; CCSDS Unsegmented Time (CUC); Space Telecommunications Radio System (STRS) AB This paper describes how SpaceWire Time Codes can be used for synchronizing time within various subsystems of a spacecraft as well as, maintaining a common time reference needed for coordinating operations within a spacecraft. The algorithms to account for inaccuracies in the time distribution method were based on the NASA-4009 Space Telecommunication Radio System (STRS) standard [1], which defined an interface for synchronizing clocks running at different tick rates and tick resolutions. C1 [Clancy, Susan C.; Shihabi, Mazen M.; Angkasa, Krisjani S.] Jet Prop Lab, Flight Commun Syst Sect, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Clancy, SC (reprint author), Jet Prop Lab, Flight Commun Syst Sect, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM Susan.Clancy@jpl.nasa.gov; Mazen.M.Shihabi@jpl.nasa.gov; Krisjani.S.Angkasa@jpl.nasa.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9557-1968-4 PY 2016 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6LS UT WOS:000390559300001 ER PT J AU Kisin, A Rakow, G AF Kisin, Alex Rakow, Glenn GP IEEE TI New Approaches for DC Balanced SpaceWire Session: SpaceWire Networks and Protocols, Short Paper SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SPACEWIRE CONFERENCE (SPACEWIRE 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International SpaceWire Conference (SpaceWire) CY OCT 24-28, 2016 CL Yokohama, JAPAN SP Univ Dundee, Space Technol Ctr DE SpaceWire; DC balance; Line encoding; PRS AB Direct Current ( DC) line balanced SpaceWire is attractive for a number of reasons. Firstly, a DC line balanced interface provides the ability to isolate the physical layer with either a transformer or capacitor to achieve higher common mode voltage rejection and/or the complete galvanic isolation in the case of a transformer. Secondly, it provides the possibility to reduce the number of conductors and transceivers in the classical SpaceWire interface by half by eliminating the Strobe line. Depending on the modulator scheme - the clock data recovery frequency requirements may be only twice that of the transmit clock, or even match the transmit clock: depending on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) decoder design. In this paper, several different implementation scenarios will be discussed. Two of these scenarios are backward compatible with the existing SpaceWire hardware standards except for changes at the character level. Three other scenarios, while decreasing by half the standard SpaceWire hardware components, will require changes at both the character and signal levels and work with fixed rates. Other scenarios with variable data rates will require an additional SpaceWire interface handshake initialization sequence. C1 [Kisin, Alex] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ASRC AS&D, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Rakow, Glenn] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Kisin, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ASRC AS&D, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Alexander.B.Kisin@nasa.gov; Glenn.P.Rakow@nasa.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-0-9557-1968-4 PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6LS UT WOS:000390559300010 ER PT S AU Akamatsu, H Gottardi, L van der Kuur, J de Vries, CP Ravensberg, K Adams, JS Bandler, SR Bruijn, MP Chervenak, JA Kilbourne, CA Kiviranta, M van der Linden, AJ Jackson, BD Smith, SJ AF Akamatsu, Hiroki Gottardi, Luciano van der Kuur, Jan de Vries, Cor P. Ravensberg, Kevin Adams, Joseph S. Bandler, Simon R. Bruijn, Marcel P. Chervenak, James A. Kilbourne, Caroline A. Kiviranta, Mikko van der Linden, A. J. Jackson, Brian D. Smith, Stephen J. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Development of frequency domain multiplexing for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on the Athena SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Athena; X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU); TESs; X-ray microcalorimeter; frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) read-out ID READ-OUT; TES; MICROCALORIMETERS; ARRAYS AB We are developing the frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) read-out of transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeters for the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) instrument on board of the future European X-Ray observatory Athena. The X-IFU instrument consists of an array of similar to 3840 TESs with a high quantum efficiency (>90 %) and spectral resolution Delta E=2.5 eV @ 7 keV (E/Delta E similar to 2800). FDM is currently the baseline readout system for the X-IFU instrument. Using high quality factor LC filters and room temperature electronics developed at SRON and low-noise two stage SQUID amplifiers provided by VTT, we have recently demonstrated good performance with the FDM readout of Mo/Au TES calorimeters with Au/Bi absorbers. An integrated noise equivalent power resolution of about 2.0 eV at 1.7 MHz has been demonstrated with a pixel from a new TES array from NASA/Goddard (GSFC-A2). We have achieved X-ray energy resolutions similar to 2.5 eV at AC bias frequency at 1.7 MHz in the single pixel read-out. We have also demonstrated for the first time an X-ray energy resolution around 3.0 eV in a 6 pixel FDM read-out with TES array (GSFC-A1). In this paper we report on the single pixel performance of these microcalorimeters under MHz AC bias, and further results of the performance of these pixels under FDM. C1 [Akamatsu, Hiroki; Gottardi, Luciano; de Vries, Cor P.; Ravensberg, Kevin; Bruijn, Marcel P.; van der Linden, A. J.; Jackson, Brian D.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Adams, Joseph S.; Bandler, Simon R.; Chervenak, James A.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Smith, Stephen J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Kiviranta, Mikko] VTT, Tietotie 3, Espoo 02150, Finland. RP Akamatsu, H (reprint author), SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. EM h.akamatsu@sron.nl NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99055S DI 10.1117/12.2232805 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500159 ER PT S AU Angelini, L Terada, Y Loewenstein, M Miller, ED Yamaguchi, H Yaqoob, T Krimm, H Harrus, I Takahashi, H Nobukawa, M Sawada, M Witthoeft, M Rutkowski, K Sargent, A Hill, RS Dutka, M Eggen, J AF Angelini, Lorella Terada, Yukikatsu Loewenstein, Michael Miller, Eric D. Yamaguchi, Hiroya Yaqoob, Tahir Krimm, Hans Harrus, Ilana Takahashi, Hiromitsu Nobukawa, Masayoshi Sawada, Makoto Witthoeft, Michael Rutkowski, Kristin Sargent, Andrew Hill, Robert S. Dutka, Michael Eggen, Joseph BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Astro-H data analysis, processing and archive SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Astro-H; Software; Calibration; Pipeline; Archive AB Astro-H (Hitomi) is an X-ray/Gamma-ray mission led by Japan with international participation, launched on February 17, 2016. The payload consists of four different instruments (SXS, SXI, HXI and SGD) that operate simultaneously to cover the energy range from 0.3 keV up to 600 keV. This paper presents the analysis software and the data processing pipeline created to calibrate and analyze the Hitomi science data along with the plan for the archive and user support. These activities have been a collaborative effort shared between scientists and software engineers working in several institutes in Japan and USA. C1 [Angelini, Lorella; Loewenstein, Michael; Yamaguchi, Hiroya; Yaqoob, Tahir; Krimm, Hans; Harrus, Ilana] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Terada, Yukikatsu] Saitama Univ, Sakura Ku, 255 Shimookubo, Saitama, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Loewenstein, Michael; Yamaguchi, Hiroya] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Miller, Eric D.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Miller, Eric D.] MIT, Space Res Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Yaqoob, Tahir; Harrus, Ilana] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Krimm, Hans] Univ Space Res Assoc, 10211 Wincopin Circle,Suite 500, Columbia, MD 21044 USA. [Takahashi, Hiromitsu] Hiroshima Univ, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Nobukawa, Masayoshi] Nara Univ Educ, Takabatake Cho, Nara, Nara 6308528, Japan. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Chuo Ku, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Witthoeft, Michael; Rutkowski, Kristin; Hill, Robert S.; Eggen, Joseph] ADNET Syst, 6720 Rockledge Dr,Suite 504 Bethesda, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Sargent, Andrew; Dutka, Michael] Wyle 7315 Mission Dr, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Angelini, L (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM lorella.angelini-l@nasa.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990514 DI 10.1117/12.2234429 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500029 ER PT S AU Awaki, H Kunieda, H Ishida, M Matsumoto, H Furuzawa, A Haba, Y Hayashi, T Iizuka, R Ishibashi, K Itoh, M Kosaka, T Maeda, Y Mitsuishi, I Miyazawa, T Mori, H Nagano, H Namba, Y Ogasaka, Y Ogi, K Okajima, T Sugita, S Suzuki, Y Tamura, K Tawara, Y Uesugi, K Yamauchi, S AF Awaki, Hisamitsu Kunieda, Hideyo Ishida, Manabu Matsumoto, Hironori Furuzawa, Akihiro Haba, Yoshito Hayashi, Takayuki Iizuka, Ryo Ishibashi, Kazunori Itoh, Masayuki Kosaka, Tatsuro Maeda, Yoshitomo Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Miyazawa, Takuya Mori, Hideyuki Nagano, Hosei Namba, Yoshiharu Ogasaka, Yasushi Ogi, Keiji Okajima, Takashi Sugita, Satoshi Suzuki, Yoshio Tamura, Keisuke Tawara, Yuzuru Uesugi, Kentato Yamauchi, Shigeo BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Performance of ASTRO-H Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Hard X-rays; hard X-ray telescope; multilayer; depth-graded multilayer; ASTRO-H; HXT AB The Japanese X-ray Astronomy Satellite, Hitomi (ASTRO-H) carries hard X-ray imaging system, covering the energy band from 5 keV to 80 keV. The hard X-ray imaging system consists of two hard X-ray telescopes (HXT) and two hard X -ray imagers (HXI). The HXT employs tightly-nested, conically-approximated thin foil Wolter-I optics. The mirror surfaces of HXT were coated with Pt/C depth-graded multilayers. We carried out ground calibrations of HXTs at the synchrotron radiation facility SPring-8/ BL20B2 in Japan, and found that total effective area of two HXTs was about 350 cm(2) at 30 keV, and the half power diameter of HXT was about 1.'9. After the launch of Hitomi, Hitomi observed several targets during the initial functional verification of the onboard instruments. The Hitomi software and calibration team (SCT) provided the Hitomi's data of G21.5-0.9, a pulsar wind nebula, to the hardware team for the purpose of the instrument calibration. Through the analysis of the in-flight data, we have confirmed that the X-ray performance of HXTs in orbit was consistent with that estimated by the ground calibrations. C1 [Awaki, Hisamitsu] Ehime Univ, Bunkyo Cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. [Kunieda, Hideyo; Matsumoto, Hironori; Hayashi, Takayuki; Ishibashi, Kazunori; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Tamura, Keisuke; Tawara, Yuzuru] Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Ishida, Manabu; Iizuka, Ryo; Maeda, Yoshitomo] ISAS JAXA, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Furuzawa, Akihiro] Fujita Hlth Univ, Toyoake, Aichi 4701192, Japan. [Haba, Yoshito] Aichi Univ Educ, Kariya, Aichi 4488542, Japan. [Itoh, Masayuki] Kobe Univ, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Kosaka, Tatsuro] Kochi Univ Technol, Tosayamada Cho, Kochi 7828502, Japan. [Miyazawa, Takuya] Grad Univ GIST, Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol, Okinawa 9040495, Japan. [Hayashi, Takayuki; Mori, Hideyuki; Okajima, Takashi] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Namba, Yoshiharu] Chubu Univ, Matsumoto Cho, Kasugai, Aichi 4878501, Japan. [Ogasaka, Yasushi] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, Chiyoda Ku, 5-1 Gobancho, Tokyo 1020076, Japan. [Sugita, Satoshi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. [Suzuki, Yoshio; Uesugi, Kentato] JASRI SPring 8, Sayo Cho, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. [Yamauchi, Shigeo] Nara Womens Univ, Kitauoyanishi Machi, Nara, Nara 6308506, Japan. RP Awaki, H (reprint author), Ehime Univ, Bunkyo Cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. EM awaki@astro.phys.sci.ehime-u.ac.jp NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990512 DI 10.1117/12.2231258 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500027 ER PT S AU Bandler, SR Adams, JS Chervenak, JA Datesman, AM Eckart, ME Finkbeiner, FM Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Betancourt-Martineza, G Miniussi, AR Porter, FS Sadleir, JE Sakai, K Smith, SJ Stevenson, TR Wakeham, NA Wassell, EJ Yoon, W Becker, D Bennett, D Doriese, WB Fowler, JW Gard, JD Hilton, GC Mates, B Morgan, KM Reintsema, CD Swetz, D Ullom, JN Chaudhuri, S Irwin, KD Lee, SJ Vikhlinin, A AF Bandler, Simon R. Adams, Joseph S. Chervenak, James A. Datesman, Aaron M. Eckart, Megan E. Finkbeiner, Fred M. Kelley, Richard L. Kilbourne, Caroline A. Betancourt-Martineza, Gabriel Miniussi, Antoine R. Porter, Frederick S. Sadleir, John E. Sakai, Kazuhiro Smith, Stephen J. Stevenson, Thomas R. Wakeham, Nicholas A. Wassell, Edward J. Yoon, Wonsik Becker, Dan Bennett, Douglas Doriese, Wilham B. Fowler, Joseph W. Gard, Johnathon D. Hilton, Gene C. Mates, Benjamin Morgan, Kelsey M. Reintsema, Carl D. Swetz, Daniel Ullom, Joel N. Chaudhuri, Saptarshi Irwin, Kent D. Lee, Sang-Jun Vikhlinin, Alexey BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Development of x-ray microcalorimeter imaging spectrometers for the X-ray Surveyor mission concept SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray Surveyor; microcalorimeter; hydra; multiplexing ID METALLIC MAGNETIC CALORIMETERS; TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS; MULTIPLEXER AB Four astrophysics missions are currently being studied by NASA as candidate large missions to be chosen in the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey.(1) One of these missions is the "X-Ray Surveyor" (XRS), and possible configurations of this mission are currently under study by a science and technology definition team (STDT). One of the key instruments under study is an X-ray microcalorimeter, and the requirements for such an instrument are currently under discussion. In this paper we review some different detector options that exist for this instrument, and discuss what array formats might be possible. We have developed one design option that utilizes either transition-edge sensor (TES) or magnetically coupled calorimeters (MCC) in pixel array-sizes approaching 100 kilo-pixels. To reduce the number of sensors read out to a plausible scale, we have assumed detector geometries in which a thermal sensor such a TES or MCC can read out a sub-array of 20-25 individual 1" pixels. In this paper we describe the development status of these detectors, and also discuss the different options that exist for reading out the very large number of pixels. C1 [Bandler, Simon R.; Adams, Joseph S.; Chervenak, James A.; Datesman, Aaron M.; Eckart, Megan E.; Finkbeiner, Fred M.; Kelley, Richard L.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Betancourt-Martineza, Gabriel; Miniussi, Antoine R.; Porter, Frederick S.; Sadleir, John E.; Sakai, Kazuhiro; Smith, Stephen J.; Stevenson, Thomas R.; Wakeham, Nicholas A.; Wassell, Edward J.; Yoon, Wonsik] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Adams, Joseph S.; Smith, Stephen J.] CRESST, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Adams, Joseph S.; Smith, Stephen J.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Betancourt-Martineza, Gabriel] CRESST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Betancourt-Martineza, Gabriel] Univ Maryland Coll Pk, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Miniussi, Antoine R.; Sakai, Kazuhiro] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Miniussi, Antoine R.; Sakai, Kazuhiro] Univ Space Res Assoc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wakeham, Nicholas A.; Yoon, Wonsik] Univ Space Res Assoc, NASA Postdoctoral Program, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Finkbeiner, Fred M.] Wyle Informat Syst Inc, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Datesman, Aaron M.; Wassell, Edward J.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Becker, Dan; Bennett, Douglas; Doriese, Wilham B.; Fowler, Joseph W.; Gard, Johnathon D.; Hilton, Gene C.; Mates, Benjamin; Morgan, Kelsey M.; Reintsema, Carl D.; Swetz, Daniel; Ullom, Joel N.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Gard, Johnathon D.; Mates, Benjamin; Ullom, Joel N.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Chaudhuri, Saptarshi; Irwin, Kent D.; Lee, Sang-Jun] Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA. [Vikhlinin, Alexey] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02912 USA. RP Bandler, SR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Simon.R.Bandler@nasa.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050Q DI 10.1117/12.2232156 PN 1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500017 ER PT S AU Barret, D Trong, TL den Herde, JW Piro, L Barcons, X Huovelin, J Kelley, R Mas-Hesse, JM Mitsuda, K Paltani, S Rauw, G Rozanska, A Wilms, J Barbera, M Bozzo, E Ceballos, MT Charles, I Decourchelle, A den Hartog, R Duval, JM Fiore, F Gatti, F Goldwurm, A Jackson, B Jonker, P Kilbourne, C Macculi, C Mendez, M Molendi, S Orleanski, P Pajot, F Pointecouteau, E Porter, F Pratt, GW Prele, D Ravera, L Renotte, E Schaye, J Shinozaki, K Valenziano, L Vink, J Webb, N Yamasaki, N Delcelier-Douchin, F Le Du, M Mesnager, JM Pradines, A Branduardi-Raymont, G Dadina, M Finoguenov, A Fukazawa, Y Janiuk, A Miller, J Naze, Y Nicastro, F Sciortino, S Torrejon, JM Geoffray, H Hernandez, I Luno, L Peille, P Andre, J Daniel, C Etcheverry, C Gloaguen, E Hassin, J Hervet, G Maussang, I Moueza, J Paillet, A Vella, B Garrido, GC Damery, JC Panem, C Panh, J Bandler, S Biffi, JM Boyce, K Clenet, A DiPirro, M Jamotton, P Lotti, S Schwander, D Smith, S van Leeuwen, BJ van Weers, H Brand, T Cobo, B Dauser, T de Plaa, J Cucchetti, E AF Barret, Didier Thien Lam Trong den Herde, Jan-Willem Piro, Luigi Barcons, Xavier Huovelin, Juhani Kelley, Richard Miguel Mas-Hesse, J. Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Paltani, Stephane Rauw, Gregor Rozanska, Agata Wilms, Joern Barbera, Marco Bozzo, Enrico Teresa Ceballos, Maria Charles, Ivan Decourchelle, Anne den Hartog, Roland Duval, Jean-Marc Fiore, Fabrizio Gatti, Flavio Goldwurm, Andrea Jackson, Brian Jonker, Peter Kilbourne, Caroline Macculi, Claudio Mendez, Mariano Molendi, Silvano Orleanski, Piotr Pajot, Francois Pointecouteau, Etienne Porter, Frederick Pratt, Gabriel W. Prele, Damien Ravera, Laurent Renotte, Etienne Schaye, Joop Shinozaki, Keisuke Valenziano, Luca Vink, Jacco Webb, Natalie Yamasaki, Noriko Delcelier-Douchin, Francoise Le Du, Michel Mesnager, Jean-Michel Pradines, Alice Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella Dadina, Mauro Finoguenov, Alexis Fukazawa, Yasushi Janiuk, Agnieszka Miller, Jon Naze, Yael Nicastro, Fabrizio Sciortino, Salvatore Miguel Torrejon, Jose Geoffray, Herve Hernandez, Isabelle Luno, Laure Peille, Philippe Andre, Jerome Daniel, Christophe Etcheverry, Christophe Gloaguen, Emilie Hassin, Jeremie Hervet, Gilles Maussang, Irwin Moueza, Jerome Paillet, Alexis Vella, Bruno Garrido, Gonzalo Campos Damery, Jean-Charles Panem, Chantal Panh, Johan Bandler, Simon Biffi, Jean-Marc Boyce, Kevin Clenet, Antoine DiPirro, Michael Jamotton, Pierre Lotti, Simone Schwander, Denis Smith, Stephen van Leeuwen, Bert-Joost van Weers, Henk Brand, Thorsten Cobo, Beatriz Dauser, Thomas de Plaa, Jelle Cucchetti, Edoardo BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Athena; Instrumentation; Space telescopes; X-ray spectroscopy; X-ray Integral Field Unit ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DISK-JET CONNECTION; ULTRA-FAST OUTFLOWS; BROAD IRON LINES; BLACK-HOLE; GALAXY CLUSTERS; ACCRETION DISK; GRS 1915+105; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; ABSORPTION-LINES AB The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on board the Advanced Telescope for High-ENergy Astrophysics (Athena) will provide spatially resolved high -resolution X-ray spectroscopy from 0.2 to 12 keV, with similar to 5 '' pixels over a field of view of 5 arc minute equivalent diameter and a spectral resolution of 2.5 eV up to 7 keV. In this paper, we first review the core scientific objectives of Athena, driving the main performance parameters of the X-IFU, namely the spectral resolution, the field of view, the effective area, the count rate capabilities, the instrumental background. We also illustrate the breakthrough potential of the X-IFU for some observatory science goals. Then we briefly describe the X-IFU design as defined at the time of the mission consolidation review concluded in May 2016, and report on its predicted performance. Finally, we discuss some options to improve the instrument performance while not increasing its complexity and resource demands (e.g. count rate capability, spectral resolution). The X-IFU will be provided by an international consortium led by France, The Netherlands and Italy, with further ESA member state contributions from Belgium, Finland, Germany, Poland, Spain, Switzerland and two international partners from the United States and Japan. C1 [Barret, Didier; Pajot, Francois; Pointecouteau, Etienne; Ravera, Laurent; Webb, Natalie; Peille, Philippe; Clenet, Antoine; Cucchetti, Edoardo] IRAP CNRS, 9 Av Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Barret, Didier; Pajot, Francois; Pointecouteau, Etienne; Ravera, Laurent; Webb, Natalie; Peille, Philippe; Clenet, Antoine; Cucchetti, Edoardo] Univ Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, OMP, Toulouse, France. [Thien Lam Trong; Delcelier-Douchin, Francoise; Le Du, Michel; Mesnager, Jean-Michel; Pradines, Alice; Geoffray, Herve; Hernandez, Isabelle; Luno, Laure; Andre, Jerome; Daniel, Christophe; Etcheverry, Christophe; Gloaguen, Emilie; Hassin, Jeremie; Hervet, Gilles; Maussang, Irwin; Moueza, Jerome; Paillet, Alexis; Vella, Bruno; Garrido, Gonzalo Campos; Damery, Jean-Charles; Panem, Chantal; Panh, Johan; Biffi, Jean-Marc; Schwander, Denis] Ctr Spatial Toulouse, Ctr Natl Etud Spatiales, 18 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31401 Toulouse 9, France. [den Herde, Jan-Willem; den Hartog, Roland; Jackson, Brian; Jonker, Peter; van Leeuwen, Bert-Joost; van Weers, Henk; de Plaa, Jelle] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Piro, Luigi; Macculi, Claudio; Lotti, Simone] INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Barcons, Xavier; Teresa Ceballos, Maria; Cobo, Beatriz] Inst Fis Cantabria CSIC UC, E-39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain. [Huovelin, Juhani; Finoguenov, Alexis] Univ Helsinki, Div Geophys & Astron, Dept Phys, POB 48, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Kelley, Richard; Kilbourne, Caroline; Porter, Frederick; Bandler, Simon; Boyce, Kevin; DiPirro, Michael; Smith, Stephen] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Miguel Mas-Hesse, J.] CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol, Ctra Torrejon Ajalvir,4 Km, Madrid 28850, Spain. [Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Yamasaki, Noriko] ISAS, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Yamasaki, Noriko] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Paltani, Stephane; Bozzo, Enrico] Univ Geneva, Dept Astron, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Rauw, Gregor; Naze, Yael] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, Allee 6 Aout 19c, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Rozanska, Agata] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Wilms, Joern; Brand, Thorsten; Dauser, Thomas] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, ECAP, Sternwartstr 7, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Barbera, Marco] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Fis & Chim, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy. [Barbera, Marco; Sciortino, Salvatore] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Palermo GS Vaiana, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Charles, Ivan; Duval, Jean-Marc] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CEA INAC SBT, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Decourchelle, Anne; Pratt, Gabriel W.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA, Lab AIM,UMR 7158,CEA DRF,IRFU,SAp, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Fiore, Fabrizio; Nicastro, Fabrizio] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Gatti, Flavio] Univ Genoa, Dept Phys, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Goldwurm, Andrea; Prele, Damien] Univ Paris Diderot, APC Astroparticule & Cosmol, 10 Rue A Domon & L Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Goldwurm, Andrea] CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, IRFU, DRF, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Mendez, Mariano] Univ Groningen, Landleven 12, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands. [Molendi, Silvano] INAF IASF Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Orleanski, Piotr] Polish Acad Sci, Ctr Badan Kosmicznych, Bartycka 18a, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Renotte, Etienne; Jamotton, Pierre] CSL, Ave PreaiIly B29, B-4031 Liege, Belgium. [Schaye, Joop] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Shinozaki, Keisuke] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Res Unit U2 2, Res & Dev Directorate, 2-11 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Valenziano, Luca; Dadina, Mauro] INAF IASF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, Area Ric, Via Piero Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Vink, Jacco] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst, GRAPPA, POB 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Surrey RH5 6NT, England. [Fukazawa, Yasushi] Hiroshima Univ, High Energy Astrophys Grp, Dept Phys Sci, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Janiuk, Agnieszka] Polish Acad Sci, Ctr Theoret Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. [Miller, Jon] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 South Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Miguel Torrejon, Jose] Univ Alicante, IUFACyT, Campus San Vicente del Raspeig, E-03690 Alicante, Spain. RP Barret, D (reprint author), IRAP CNRS, 9 Av Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.; Barret, D (reprint author), Univ Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, OMP, Toulouse, France. RI Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel /K-6805-2014; OI Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel /0000-0002-8823-9723; Ceballos, Maria Teresa/0000-0001-6074-3621 NR 121 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99052F DI 10.1117/12.2232432 PN 1 PG 41 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500068 ER PT S AU Brenneman, LW Smith, RK Bregman, J Kaastra, J Brickhouse, N Allured, R Foster, A Wolk, S Wilms, J Valencic, L Willingale, R Grant, C Bautz, M Heilmann, R Huenemoerder, D Miller, E Nowak, M Schattenburg, M Schulz, N Burwitz, V Nandra, K Sanders, J Bookbinder, J Petre, R Ptak, A Smale, A Burrows, D Poppenhager, K Costantini, E Deroo, C McEntaffer, R Mushotzky, R Miller, JM Temi, P AF Brenneman, Laura W. Smith, Randall K. Bregman, J. Kaastra, J. Brickhouse, N. Allured, R. Foster, A. Wolk, S. Wilms, J. Valencic, L. Willingale, R. Grant, C. Bautz, M. Heilmann, R. Huenemoerder, D. Miller, E. Nowak, M. Schattenburg, M. Schulz, N. Burwitz, V. Nandra, K. Sanders, J. Bookbinder, J. Petre, R. Ptak, A. Smale, A. Burrows, D. Poppenhager, K. Costantini, E. DeRoo, C. McEntaffer, R. Mushotzky, R. Miller, J. M. Temi, P. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The evolution of structure and feedback with Arcus SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Large-scale structure; Active galaxies; Stars; Accretion; Outflows; X-rays; Spectroscopy; Gratings ID X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; HOT GASEOUS HALO; T-TAURI STARS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; MULTIWAVELENGTH CAMPAIGN; GALAXY CLUSTERS; XMM-NEWTON; STELLAR WIND; BLACK-HOLE; GAS HALO AB Arcus is a NASA/MIDEX mission under development in response to the anticipated 2016 call for proposals. It is a free-flying, soft X-ray grating spectrometer with the highest-ever spectral resolution in the 8-51 angstrom (0.24 - 1.55 keV) energy range. The Arcus bandpass includes the most sensitive tracers of diffuse million-degree gas: spectral lines from O VII and O VIII, H- and He-like lines of C, N, Ne and Mg, and unique density-and temperature-sensitive lines from Si and Fe ions. These capabilities enable an advance in our understanding of the formation and evolution of baryons in the Universe that is unachievable with any other present or planned observatory. The mission will address multiple key questions posed in the Decadal Survey(1) and NASA's 2013 Roadmap(2): How do baryons cycle in and out of galaxies? How do black holes and stars influence their surroundings and the cosmic web via feedback? How do stars, circumstellar disks and exoplanet atmospheres form and evolve? Arcus data will answer these questions by leveraging recent developments in off-plane gratings and silicon pore optics to measure X-ray spectra at high resolution from a wide range of sources within and beyond the Milky Way. CCDs with strong Suzaku heritage combined with electronics based on the Swift mission will detect the dispersed X-rays. Arcus will support a broad astrophysical research program, and its superior resolution and sensitivity in soft X-rays will complement the forthcoming Athena calorimeter, which will have comparably high resolution above 2 keV. C1 [Brenneman, Laura W.; Smith, Randall K.; Brickhouse, N.; Allured, R.; Foster, A.; Wolk, S.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bregman, J.; Miller, J. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kaastra, J.; Costantini, E.] SRON, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Wilms, J.; Petre, R.; Ptak, A.; Smale, A.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Astron Inst, Dr Karl Remeis Sternwarte, Sternwartstr 7, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Valencic, L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bloomberg Ctr Phys & Astron, Room 366,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Valencic, L.] NASA GSFC, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Willingale, R.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Grant, C.; Bautz, M.; Heilmann, R.; Huenemoerder, D.; Miller, E.; Nowak, M.; Schattenburg, M.; Schulz, N.] MIT, 70 Vassar Str,Bldg 37,NE80-6075, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Burwitz, V.; Nandra, K.; Sanders, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bookbinder, J.; Temi, P.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Burrows, D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 517 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Poppenhager, K.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Univ Rd, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [DeRoo, C.; McEntaffer, R.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, 203 Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Mushotzky, R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Brenneman, LW (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM lbrenneman@cfa.harvard.edu NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99054P DI 10.1117/12.2231193 PN 1 PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500136 ER PT S AU Champey, P Winebarger, A Kobayashi, K Savage, S Cirtain, J Cheimets, P Hertz, E Golub, L Ramsey, B McCracken, J Marquez, V Allured, R Heilmann, RK Schattenburg, M Bruccoleri, A AF Champey, Patrick Winebarger, Amy Kobayashi, Ken Savage, Sabrina Cirtain, Jonathan Cheimets, Peter Hertz, Edward Golub, Leon Ramsey, Brian McCracken, Jeff Marquez, Vanessa Allured, Ryan Heilmann, Ralf K. Schattenburg, Mark Bruccoleri, Alexander BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI On the Alignment and Focusing of the Marshall Grazing Incidence X-ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray; Alignment; Sounding Rocket AB The Marshall Grazing Incidence X-ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS) is a NASA sounding rocket instrument that is designed to observe soft X-ray emissions from 24 - 6.0 angstrom (0.5 - 2.0 keV energies) in the solar atmosphere. For the first time, high-temperature, low-emission plasma will be observed directly with 5 arcsecond spatial resolution and 22 m angstrom spectral resolution. The unique optical design consists of a Wolter - I telescope and a 3-optic grazing-incidence spectrometer. The spectrometer utilizes a finite conjugate mirror pair and a blazed planar, varied line spaced grating, which is directly printed on a silicon substrate using e-beam lithography. The grating design is being finalized and the grating will be fabricated by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Izentis LLC. Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is producing the nickel replicated telescope and spectrometer mirrors using the same facilities and techniques as those developed for the ART-XC and FOXSI mirrors. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) will mount and align the optical sub-assemblies based on previous experience with similar instruments, such as the Hinode X-Ray Telescope (XRT). The telescope and spectrometer assembly will be aligned in visible light through the implementation of a theodolite and reference mirrors, in addition to the centroid detector assembly (CDA) a device designed to align the AXAF-I nested mirrors. Focusing of the telescope and spectrometer will be achieved using the X-ray source in the Stray Light Facility (SLF) at MSFC. We present results from an alignment sensitivity analysis performed on the on the system and we also discuss the method for aligning and focusing MaGIXS. C1 [Champey, Patrick] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Champey, Patrick; Winebarger, Amy; Kobayashi, Ken; Savage, Sabrina; Cirtain, Jonathan; Ramsey, Brian; McCracken, Jeff] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Cheimets, Peter; Hertz, Edward; Golub, Leon; Marquez, Vanessa; Allured, Ryan] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA USA. [Heilmann, Ralf K.; Schattenburg, Mark] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bruccoleri, Alexander] Izentis LLC, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Champey, P (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.; Champey, P (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM patrick.r.champey@nasa.gov RI Heilmann, Ralf/D-4680-2009 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990573 DI 10.1117/12.2232820 PN 1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500195 ER PT S AU Chan, KW Zhang, WW Schofield, MJ Numata, A Mazzarella, JR Saha, TT Biskach, MP McClelland, RS Niemeyer, J Sharpe, MV Olsen, LG AF Chan, Kai-Wing Zhang, William W. Schofield, Mark J. Numata, Ai Mazzarella, James R. Saha, Timo T. Biskach, Michael P. McClelland, Ryan S. Niemeyer, Jason Sharpe, Marton V. Olsen, Lawrence G. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Alignment and Distortion-Free Integration of Lightweight Mirrors into Meta-Shells for High-Resolution Astronomical X-ray Optics SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray optics; lightweight mirrors; segmented mirrors; silicon mirrors; mirror alignment; mirror bonding AB High-resolution, high throughput optics for x-ray astronomy requires fabrication of well-formed mirror segments and their integration with arc-second level precision. Recently, advances of fabrication of silicon mirrors developed at NASA/Goddard prompted us to develop a new method of mirror integration. The new integration scheme takes advantage of the stiffer, more thermally conductive, and lower-CTE silicon, compared to glass, to build a telescope of much lighter weight. In this paper, we address issues of aligning and bonding mirrors with this method. In this preliminary work, we demonstrated the basic viability of such scheme. Using glass mirrors, we demonstrated that alignment error of 1 '' and bonding error 2 '' can be achieved for mirrors in a single shell. We will address the immediate plan to demonstrate the bonding reliability and to develop technology to build up a mirror stack and a whole "meta-shell". C1 [Chan, Kai-Wing; Olsen, Lawrence G.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Schofield, Mark J.; Numata, Ai; Mazzarella, James R.; Biskach, Michael P.; McClelland, Ryan S.; Niemeyer, Jason; Sharpe, Marton V.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Chan, Kai-Wing; Zhang, William W.; Schofield, Mark J.; Numata, Ai; Mazzarella, James R.; Saha, Timo T.; Biskach, Michael P.; McClelland, Ryan S.; Niemeyer, Jason; Sharpe, Marton V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Chan, KW (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.; Chan, KW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Kai-Wing.Chan-1@nasa.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99056X DI 10.1117/12.2232560 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500191 ER PT S AU Chiao, MP Adams, J Goodwin, P Hobson, CW Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA McCammon, D McGuinness, DS Moseley, SJ Porter, FS Shuman, S Watanabe, T AF Chiao, M. P. Adams, J. Goodwin, P. Hobson, C. W. Kelley, R. L. Kilbourne, C. A. McCammon, D. McGuinness, D. S. Moseley, S. J. Porter, F. S. Shuman, S. Watanabe, T. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI System design and implementation of the detector assembly of the Astro-H soft X-ray spectrometer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE detector assembly; soft x-ray spectrometer; calorimeter; Astro-H AB The soft x-ray spectrometer (SXS) onboard Astro-H presents to the science community unprecedented capability (< 7 eV at 6 keV) for high-resolution spectral measurements in the range of 0.5 - 12 keV to study extended celestial sources. At the heart of this SXS is the x-ray calorimeter spectrometer (XCS) where detectors (calorimeter array and anti-coincidence detector) operate at 50 mK, the bias circuit operates at nominal 1.3 K, and the first stage amplifiers operate at 130 K, all within a nominal 20 cm envelope. The design of the detector assembly in this XCS originates from the Astro-E x-ray spectrometer (XRS) and lessons learned from Astro-E and Suzaku. After the production of our engineering model, additional changes were made in order to improve our flight assembly process for better reliability and overall performance. In this poster, we present the final design and implementation of the flight detector assembly, show comparison of parameters and performance to Suzaku's XRS, and list susceptibilities to other subsystems as well as our lessons learned. C1 [Chiao, M. P.; Adams, J.; Goodwin, P.; Hobson, C. W.; Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; McGuinness, D. S.; Moseley, S. J.; Porter, F. S.; Shuman, S.; Watanabe, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [McCammon, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Chiao, MP (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM meng.p.chiao@nasa.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053M-1 DI 10.1117/12.2231897 PN 1 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500107 ER PT S AU den Hartog, R Peille, P Dauser, T Jackson, B Bandler, S Barrett, D Brand, T den Herder, JW Kiviranta, M van der Kuur, J Smiths, S Wilms, J AF den Hartog, R. Peille, P. Dauser, T. Jackson, B. Bandler, S. Barrett, D. Brand, T. den Herder, J. -W. Kiviranta, M. van der Kuur, J. Smiths, S. Wilms, J. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The impact of crosstalk in the X-IFU instrument on Athena science cases SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Athena; X-IFU; SIXTE; TES detectors; FDM; crosstalk; energy resolution AB In this paper we present a first assessment of the impact of various forms of instrumental crosstalk on the science performance of the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on the Athena X-ray mission. This assessment is made using the SIXTE end-to-end simulator in the context of one of the more technically challenging science cases for the XIFU instrument. Crosstalk considerations may influence or drive various aspects of the design of the array of high-countrate Transition Edge Sensor (TES) detectors and its Frequency Domain Multiplexed (FDM) readout architecture. C1 [den Hartog, R.; den Herder, J. -W.; van der Kuur, J.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Peille, P.; Barrett, D.] CNRS, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Dauser, T.; Brand, T.; Wilms, J.] ECAP, Erlangen, Germany. [Jackson, B.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Landleven 12, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bandler, S.; Smiths, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Kiviranta, M.] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, POB 1000, FI-02044 Espoo, Vtt, Finland. RP den Hartog, R (reprint author), SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99055T DI 10.1117/12.2232098 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500160 ER PT S AU Doty, JP Wampler-Doty, MP Prigozhin, GY Okajima, T Arzoumanian, Z Gendreau, K AF Doty, John P. Wampler-Doty, Matthew P. Prigozhin, Gregory Y. Okajima, Takashi Arzoumanian, Zaven Gendreau, Keith BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Fast simulation of the NICER instrument SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE optics; detectors; simulation; pulsar; x-ray; CUDA; gEDA; Mathematica AB The NICER1 mission uses a complicated physical system to collect information from objects that are, by x-ray timing science standards, rather faint. To get the most out of the data we will need a rigorous understanding of all instrumental effects. We are in the process of constructing a very fast, high fidelity simulator that will help us to assess instrument performance, support simulation-based data reduction, and improve our estimates of measurement error. We will combine and extend existing optics, detector, and electronics simulations. We will employ the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA(2)) to parallelize these calculations. The price of suitable CUDA-compatible multi-gigaflop cores is about $0.20/core, so this approach will be very cost-effective. C1 [Doty, John P.; Wampler-Doty, Matthew P.] Noqsi Aerosp Ltd, 2822 South Nova Rd, Pine, CO 80470 USA. [Prigozhin, Gregory Y.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Okajima, Takashi; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Gendreau, Keith] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Doty, JP (reprint author), Noqsi Aerosp Ltd, 2822 South Nova Rd, Pine, CO 80470 USA. EM jpd@noqsi.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99054V DI 10.1117/12.2232511 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500138 ER PT S AU Duncan, N Saint-Hilaire, P Shih, AY Hurford, GJ Bain, HM Amman, M Mochizuki, BA Hoberman, J Olson, J Maruca, BA Godbole, NM Smith, DM Sample, J Kelley, NA Zoglauer, A Caspi, A Kaufmann, P Boggs, S Lin, RP AF Duncan, Nicole Saint-Hilaire, P. Shih, A. Y. Hurford, G. J. Bain, H. M. Amman, M. Mochizuki, B. A. Hoberman, J. Olson, J. Maruca, B. A. Godbole, N. M. Smith, D. M. Sample, J. Kelley, N. A. Zoglauer, A. Caspi, A. Kaufmann, P. Boggs, S. Lin, R. P. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI First flight of the Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar flares (GRIPS) instrument SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE GRIPS; solar flare; Sun; gamma-ray; HXR; hard x-ray; balloon; LDB ID RHESSI AB The Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar flares (GRIPS) instrument is a balloon-borne telescope designed to study solar-flare particle acceleration and transport. We describe GRIPS's first Antarctic long-duration flight in January 2016 and report preliminary calibration and science results. Electron and ion dynamics, particle abundances and the ambient plasma conditions in solar flares can be understood by examining hard X-ray (HXR) and gamma-ray emission (20 keV to 10 MeV). Enhanced imaging, spectroscopy and polarimetry of flare emissions in this energy range are needed to study particle acceleration and transport questions. The GRIPS instrument is specifically designed to answer questions including: What causes the spatial separation between energetic electrons producing hard X-rays and energetic ions producing gamma-ray lines? How anisotropic are the relativistic electrons, and why can they dominate in the corona? How do the compositions of accelerated and ambient material vary with space and time, and why? GRIPS's key technological improvements over the current solar state of the art at HXR/gamma-ray energies, the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), include 3D position-sensitive germanium detectors (3D-GeDs) and a single-grid modulation collimator, the multi-pitch rotating modulator (MPRM). The 3D-GeDs have spectral FWHM resolution of a few hundred keV and spatial resolution <1 mm(3). For photons that Compton scatter, usually greater than or similar to 150 keV, the energy deposition sites can be tracked, providing polarization measurements as well as enhanced background reduction through Compton imaging. Each of GRIPS's detectors has 298 electrode strips read out with ASIC/FPGA electronics. In GRIPS's energy range, indirect imaging methods provide higher resolution than focusing optics or Compton imaging techniques. The MPRM grid-imaging system has a single-grid design which provides twice the throughput of a bi-grid imaging system like RHESSI. The grid is composed of 2.5 cm deep tungsten-copper slats, and quasi-continuous FWHM angular coverage from 12.5-162 arcsecs are achieved by varying the slit pitch between 1-13 mm. This angular resolution is capable of imaging the separate magnetic loop footpoint emissions in a variety of flare sizes. In comparison, RHESSI's 35-arcsec resolution at similar energies makes the footpoints resolvable in only the largest flares. C1 [Duncan, Nicole] Univ Calif Berkeley, 366 Leconte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Duncan, Nicole; Saint-Hilaire, P.; Hurford, G. J.; Bain, H. M.; Mochizuki, B. A.; Hoberman, J.; Olson, J.; Maruca, B. A.; Godbole, N. M.; Kelley, N. A.; Zoglauer, A.; Boggs, S.; Lin, R. P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA USA. [Shih, A. Y.] NASA, Heliophys Sci Div, Goddard SFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Amman, M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Maruca, B. A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, 4 Kent Way, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Smith, D. M.] UC Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Sample, J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Phys, EPS Bldg, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Caspi, A.] Southwest Res Inst, 1050 Walnut St,Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Kaufmann, P.] Univ Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. RP Duncan, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 366 Leconte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Duncan, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA USA. EM nicoleduncan@berkeley.edu; pascal@ssl.berkeley.edu OI Caspi, Amir/0000-0001-8702-8273 NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99052Q DI 10.1117/12.2233859 PN 1 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500078 ER PT S AU Eckart, ME Adams, JS Boyce, KR Brown, GV Chiao, MP Fujimoto, R Haas, D den Herder, JW Ishisaki, Y Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Leutenegger, MA McCammon, D Mitsuda, K Porter, FS Sato, K Sawadak, M Seta, H Sneiderman, GA Szymkowiak, AE Takei, Y Tashiro, M Tsujimoto, M de Vries, CP Watanabe, T Yamada, S Yamasaki, NY AF Eckart, M. E. Adams, J. S. Boyce, K. R. Brown, G. V. Chiao, M. P. Fujimoto, R. Haas, D. den Herder, J. W. Ishisaki, Y. Kelley, R. L. Kilbourne, C. A. Leutenegger, M. A. McCammon, D. Mitsuda, K. Porter, F. S. Sato, K. Sawadak, M. Seta, H. Sneiderman, G. A. Szymkowiak, A. E. Takei, Y. Tashiro, M. Tsujimoto, M. de Vries, C. P. Watanabe, T. Yamada, S. Yamasaki, N. Y. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Ground calibration of the Astro-H (Hitomi) soft x-ray spectrometer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE x-ray spectroscopy; microcalorimeter; detectors; calibration ID SCATTERING; ATTENUATION; TABULATION; Z=1-92 AB The Astro-H (Hitomi) Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) was a pioneering imaging x-ray spectrometer with 5 eV energy resolution at 6 keV. The instrument used a microcalorimeter array at the focus of a high-throughput soft x-ray telescope to enable high-resolution non-dispersive spectroscopy in the soft x-ray waveband (0 : 3 12 keV). We present the suite of ground calibration measurements acquired from 2012{2015, including characterization of the detector system, anti-coincidence detector, optical blocking filters, and filter-wheel filters. The calibration of the 36-pixel silicon thermistor microcalorimeter array includes parameterizations of the energy gain scale and line spread function for each event grade over a range of instrument operating conditions, as well as quantum efficiency measurements. The x-ray transmission of the set of five Al/polyimide thin-film optical blocking filters mounted inside the SXS dewar has been modeled based on measurements at synchrotron beamlines, including with high spectral resolution at the C, N, O, and Al K-edges. In addition, we present the x-ray transmission of the dewar gate valve and of the filters mounted on the SXS filter wheel (external to the dewar), including beryllium, polyimide, and neutral density filters. C1 [Eckart, M. E.; Adams, J. S.; Chiao, M. P.; Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Leutenegger, M. A.; Porter, F. S.; Watanabe, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Adams, J. S.; Chiao, M. P.; Leutenegger, M. A.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, CRESST, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Boyce, K. R.; Sneiderman, G. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Syst Engn, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Brown, G. V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Fujimoto, R.] Kanazawa Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Haas, D.; den Herder, J. W.; de Vries, C. P.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Ishisaki, Y.; Yamada, S.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [McCammon, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mitsuda, K.; Takei, Y.; Tsujimoto, M.; Yamasaki, N. Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Sato, K.] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. [Sawadak, M.] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Szymkowiak, A. E.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Tashiro, M.] Saitama Univ, Sakura Ku, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Watanabe, T.] Univ Maryland, CRESST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Eckart, ME (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Megan.E.Eckart@nasa.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053W DI 10.1117/12.2233053 PN 1 PG 23 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500116 ER PT S AU Ezoe, Y Ishikawa, K Mitsuishi, I Ohashi, T Mitsuda, K Fujimoto, R Murakami, M Kanao, K Yoshida, S Tsunematsu, S DiPirro, M Shirron, P AF Ezoe, Yuichiro Ishikawa, Kumi Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Ohashi, Takaya Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Fujimoto, Ryuichi Murakami, Masahide Kanao, Kenichi Yoshida, Seiji Tsunematsu, Shoji DiPirro, Michael Shirron, Peter CA ASTRO-H SXS Team BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Porous plug phase separator and superfluid film flow suppression system for the soft x-ray spectrometer onboard ASTRO-H SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE ASTRO-H (Hitomi); Soft X-ray Spectrometer; X-ray microcalorimeter; superfluid helium ID CRYOGENIC SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; DEWAR AB Suppression of superfluid helium flow is critical for the Soft X-ray Spectrometer onboard ASTRO-H (Hitomi). In nominal operation, a small helium gas flow of similar to 30 mu g/s must be safely vented and a superfluid film flow must be sufficiently small <2 mu g/s. To achieve a life time of the liquid helium, a porous plug phase separator and a film flow suppression system composed of an orifice, a heat exchanger, and knife edge devices are employed. In this paper, design, on-ground testing results and in-orbit performance of the porous plug and the film flow suppression system are described. C1 [Ezoe, Yuichiro; Ohashi, Takaya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Ishikawa, Kumi; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa] Japan Aerosp & EXpolorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki] Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Murakami, Masahide] Univ Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058573, Japan. [Kanao, Kenichi; Yoshida, Seiji; Tsunematsu, Shoji] Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd, 5-2 Soubiraki Cho, Niihama, Ehime 7928588, Japan. [DiPirro, Michael; Shirron, Peter] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Ezoe, Y (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. EM ezoe@tmu.ac.jp NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053P-1 DI 10.1117/12.2231968 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500110 ER PT S AU Feroci, M Bozzo, E Brandt, S Hernanz, M van der Klis, M Liu, LP Orleanski, P Pohl, M Santangelo, A Schanne, S Stella, L Takahashi, T Tamura, H Watts, A Wilms, J Zane, S Zhang, SN Bhattacharyya, S Agudo, I Ahangarianabhari, M Albertus, C Alford, M Alpar, A Altamirano, D Alvarez, L Amati, L Amoros, C Andersson, N Antonelli, A Argan, A Artigue, R Artigues, B Atteia, JL Azzarello, P Bakala, P Ballantyne, DR Baldazzi, G Baldo, M Balman, S Barbera, M van Baren, C Barret, D Baykal, A Begelman, M Behar, E Behar, O Belloni, T Bellutti, P Bernardini, F Bertuccio, G Bianchi, S Bianchini, A Binko, P Blay, P Bocchino, F Bode, M Bodin, P Bombaci, I Bidaud, JMB Borghi, G Boutloukos, S Bouyjou, F Bradley, L Braga, J Briggs, MS Brown, E Buballa, M Bucciantini, N Burderi, L Burgay, M Bursa, M Budtz-Jorgensen, C Cackett, E Cadoux, FR Cais, P Caliandro, GA Campana, R Campana, S Cao, X Capitanio, F Casares, J Casella, P Castro-Tirado, AJ Cavazzutim, E Cavechi, Y Celestin, S Cerda-Duran, P Chakrabarty, D Chamel, N Chateau, F Chen, C Chen, Y Chen, Y Chenevez, J Chernyakova, M Coker, J Cole, R Collura, A Coriat, M Cornelisse, R Costamante, L Cros, A Cui, W Cumming, A Cusumano, G Czerny, B D'Ai, A D'Ammando, F D'Elia, V Dai, Z Del Monte, E De Luca, A De Martino, D Dercksen, JPC De Pasquale, M De Rosa, A Del Santo, M Di Cosimol, S Degenaar, N den Herder, JW Diebold, S Di Salvo, T Dong, Y Donnarumma, I Doroshenko, V Doyle, G Drake, SA Durant, M Emmanoulopoulos, D Enoto, T Erkut, MH Esposito, P Evangelista, Y Fabian, A Falanga, M Favre, Y Feldman, C Fender, R Peng, H Evangelista, V Ferrigno, C Ficorella, F Finger, M Finger, MH Fraser, GW Frericks, M Fullekrug, M Fuschino, F Gabler, M Galloway, DK Sanchez, JLG Gandhi, P Gao, Z Garcia-Berro, E Gendre, B Gevin, O Gezari, S Giles, AB Gilfanov, M Giommi, P Giovannini, G Giroletti, M Gogus, E Goldwurm, A Goluchova, K Gotz, D Gou, L Gouiffes, C Grandi, P Grassi, M Greiner, J Grinberg, V Groot, P Gschwender, M Gualtieri, L Guedel, M Guidorzi, C Guy, L Haas, D Haensel, P Hailey, M Hamuguchi, K Hansen, F Hartmann, DH Haswell, CA Hebeler, K Heger, A Hempel, M Hermsen, W Homan, J Hornstrup, A Hudec, R Huovelin, J Huppenkothen, D Inam, SC Ingram, A in't Zand, JJM Israel, G Iwasawa, K Izzo, L Jacobs, HM Jetter, F Johannsen, T Jacobs, HM Jenke, PA Jonker, P Jose, J Kaaret, P Kalamkar, M Kalemci, E Kanbach, G Karas, V Karelin, D Kataria, D Keek, L Kennedy, T Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Koerding, E Kokkotas, K Komossa, S Korpela, S Kouveliotou, C Kowalski, AF Kreykenbohm, I Kuiper, LM Kunneriath, D Kurkela, A Kuvvetli, I La Franca, F Labanti, C Lai, D Lamb, FK Lachaud, C Laubert, PP Lebrun, F Li, X Liang, E Limousin, O Lin, D Linares, M Lodato, G Lodato, G Longo, F Lu, F Lund, N Maccarone, TJ Macera, D Maestre, S Mahmoodifar, S Maier, D Malcovati, P Malzac, J Malone, C Mandel, I Mangano, V Manousakis, A Marelli, JM Margueron, J Marisaldi, M Markoff, SB Markowitz, A Marinucci, A Martindale, A Martinez, G McHardy, IM Medina-Tanco, G Mehdipour, M Melatos, A Mendez, M Mereghetti, S Migliari, S Mignani, R Michalska, M Mihara, T Miller, MC Miller, JM Mineo, T Miniuttill, G Morsink, S Motch, C Motta, S Mouchet, M Mouret, G Mulacova, J Muleri, F Munoz-Darias, T Negueruela, I Neilsen, J Neubert, T Norton, AJ Nowak, M Nucita, A O'Brien, P Oertel, M Olsen, PEH Orienti, M Orio, M Orlandini, M Osborne, JP Osten, R Ozel, F Pacciani, L Paerels, F Paltani, S Paolillo, M Papadakis, I Papitto, A Paragi, Z Paredes, JM Patruno, A Paul, B Pederiva, F Perinati, E Pellizzoni, A Penacchioni, AV Peretz, U Perez, MA Perez-Torres, M Peterson, BM Petracek, V Picciotto, A Piemonte, C Pittoril, C Pons, J Portell, J Possenti, A Postnov, K Poutanen, J Prakash, M Prandoni, I Le Provost, H Psaltis, D Pye, J Qu, J Rambaud, D Ramon, P Ramsay, G Rapisarda, M Rachevski, A Rashevskaya, I Ray, PS Rea, N Reddy, S Reig, P Aranda, MR Remillard, R Reynolds, C Rezzolla, L Ribo, M de la Rie, R Riggio, A Rios, A Rischke, DH Rodriguez-Gil, P Rodriguez, J Rohlfs, R Romano, P Rossi, EMR Rozanska, A Rousseau, A Rudak, B Russell, DM Ryde, F Sabau-Graziati, L Sakamoto, T Sala, G Salvaterra, R Salvetti, D Sanna, A Sandberg, J Savolainen, T Scaringi, S Schaffner-Bielich, J Schatz, H Schee, J Schmid, C Serino, M Shakura, N Shore, S Schnittman, JD Schneider, R Schwenk, A Schwope, AD Sedrakian, A Seyler, JY Shearer, A Slowikowska, A Sims, M Smith, A Smith, DM Smith, PJ Sobolewska, M Sochora, V Soffitta, P Soleri, P Song, L Spencer, A Stamerra, A Stappers, B Staubert, R Steiner, AW Stergioulas, N Stevens, AL Stratta, G Strohmayer, TE Stuchlik, Z Suchy, S Suleimanovi, V Tamburini, F Tauris, T Tavecchio, F Tenzer, C Thielemann, FK Tiengo, A Tolos, L Tombesi, F Tomsick, J Torok, G Torrejon, JM Torres, DF Torresi, E Tramacere, A Traulsen, I Trois, A Turolla, R Turriziani, S Type, S Uter, P Uttley, P Vacchi, A Varniere, P Vaughan, S Vercellone, S Vietri, M Vincent, FH Vrba, V Walton, D Wang, J Wang, Z Watanabe, S Wawrzaszek, R Webb, N Weinberg, N Wende, H Wheatley, P Wijers, R Wijnands, R Wille, M Wilson-Hodge, CA Winter, B Walk, SJ Wood, K Woosley, SE Wu, X Xiao, L Xu, R Yu, W Yuan, F Yuan, W Yuan, Y Zampa, G Zampa, N Zampieri, L Zdunik, L Zdziarski, A Zech, A Zhang, B Zhang, C Zhang, S Zingale, M Zorzi, N Zwart, F AF Feroci, M. Bozzo, E. Brandt, S. Hernanz, M. van der Klis, M. Liu, L. -P. Orleanski, P. Pohl, M. Santangelo, A. Schanne, S. Stella, L. Takahashi, T. Tamura, H. Watts, A. Wilms, J. Zane, S. Zhang, S. -N. Bhattacharyya, S. Agudo, I. Ahangarianabhari, M. Albertus, C. Alford, M. Alpar, A. Altamirano, D. Alvarez, L. Amati, L. Amoros, C. Andersson, N. Antonelli, A. Argan, A. Artigue, R. Artigues, B. Atteia, J. -L. Azzarello, P. Bakala, P. Ballantyne, D. R. Baldazzi, G. Baldo, M. Balman, S. Barbera, M. van Baren, C. Barret, D. Baykal, A. Begelman, M. Behar, E. Behar, O. Belloni, T. Bellutti, P. Bernardini, F. Bertuccio, G. Bianchi, S. Bianchini, A. Binko, P. Blay, P. Bocchino, F. Bode, M. Bodin, P. Bombaci, I. Bidaud, J. -M. Bonnet Borghi, G. Boutloukos, S. Bouyjou, F. Bradley, L. Braga, J. Briggs, M. S. Brown, E. Buballa, M. Bucciantini, N. Burderi, L. Burgay, M. Bursa, M. Budtz-Jorgensen, C. Cackett, E. Cadoux, F. R. Cais, P. Caliandro, G. A. Campana, R. Campana, S. Cao, X. Capitanio, F. Casares, J. Casella, P. Castro-Tirado, A. J. Cavazzutim, E. Cavechi, Y. Celestin, S. Cerda-Duran, P. Chakrabarty, D. Chamel, N. Chateau, F. Chen, C. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. Chenevez, J. Chernyakova, M. Coker, J. Cole, R. Collura, A. Coriat, M. Cornelisse, R. Costamante, L. Cros, A. Cui, W. Cumming, A. Cusumano, G. Czerny, B. D'Ai, A. D'Ammando, F. D'Elia, V. Dai, Z. Del Monte, E. De Luca, A. De Martino, D. Dercksen, J. P. C. De Pasquale, M. De Rosa, A. Del Santo, M. Di Cosimol, S. Degenaar, N. den Herder, J. W. Diebold, S. Di Salvo, T. Dong, Y. Donnarumma, I. Doroshenko, V. Doyle, G. Drake, S. A. Durant, M. Emmanoulopoulos, D. Enoto, T. Erkut, M. H. Esposito, P. Evangelista, Y. Fabian, A. Falanga, M. Favre, Y. Feldman, C. Fender, R. Peng, H. Evangelista, V. Ferrigno, C. Ficorella, F. Finger, M. Finger, M. H. Fraser, G. W. Frericks, M. Fullekrug, M. Fuschino, F. Gabler, M. Galloway, D. K. Galvez Sanchez, J. L. Gandhi, P. Gao, Z. Garcia-Berro, E. Gendre, B. Gevin, O. Gezari, S. Giles, A. B. Gilfanov, M. Giommi, P. Giovannini, G. Giroletti, M. Gogus, E. Goldwurm, A. Goluchova, K. Gotz, D. Gou, L. Gouiffes, C. Grandi, P. Grassi, M. Greiner, J. Grinberg, V. Groot, P. Gschwender, M. Gualtieri, L. Guedel, M. Guidorzi, C. Guy, L. Haas, D. Haensel, P. Hailey, M. Hamuguchi, K. Hansen, F. Hartmann, D. H. Haswell, C. A. Hebeler, K. Heger, A. Hempel, M. Hermsen, W. Homan, J. Hornstrup, A. Hudec, R. Huovelin, J. Huppenkothen, D. Inam, S. C. Ingram, A. in't Zand, J. J. M. Israel, G. Iwasawa, K. Izzo, L. Jacobs, H. M. Jetter, F. Johannsen, T. Jacobs, H. M. Jenke, P. A. Jonker, P. Jose, J. Kaaret, P. Kalamkar, M. Kalemci, E. Kanbach, G. Karas, V. Karelin, D. Kataria, D. Keek, L. Kennedy, T. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Koerding, E. Kokkotas, K. Komossa, S. Korpela, S. Kouveliotou, C. Kowalski, A. F. Kreykenbohm, I. Kuiper, L. M. Kunneriath, D. Kurkela, A. Kuvvetli, I. La Franca, F. Labanti, C. Lai, D. Lamb, F. K. Lachaud, C. Laubert, P. P. Lebrun, F. Li, X. Liang, E. Limousin, O. Lin, D. Linares, M. Lodato, G. Lodato, G. Longo, F. Lu, F. Lund, N. Maccarone, T. J. Macera, D. Maestre, S. Mahmoodifar, S. Maier, D. Malcovati, P. Malzac, J. Malone, C. Mandel, I. Mangano, V. Manousakis, A. Marelli, J. MargueronM. Margueron, J. Marisaldi, M. Markoff, S. B. Markowitz, A. Marinucci, A. Martindale, A. Martinez, G. McHardy, I. M. Medina-Tanco, G. Mehdipour, M. Melatos, A. Mendez, M. Mereghetti, S. Migliari, S. Mignani, R. Michalska, M. Mihara, T. Miller, M. C. Miller, J. M. Mineo, T. Miniuttill, G. Morsink, S. Motch, C. Motta, S. Mouchet, M. Mouret, G. Mulacova, J. Muleri, F. Munoz-Darias, T. Negueruela, I. Neilsen, J. Neubert, T. Norton, A. J. Nowak, M. Nucita, A. O'Brien, P. Oertel, M. Olsen, P. E. H. Orienti, M. Orio, M. Orlandini, M. Osborne, J. P. Osten, R. Ozel, F. Pacciani, L. Paerels, F. Paltani, S. Paolillo, M. Papadakis, I. Papitto, A. Paragi, Z. Paredes, J. M. Patruno, A. Paul, B. Pederiva, F. Perinati, E. Pellizzoni, A. Penacchioni, A. V. Peretz, U. Perez, M. A. Perez-Torres, M. Peterson, B. M. Petracek, V. Picciotto, A. Piemonte, C. Pittoril, C. Pons, J. Portell, J. Possenti, A. Postnov, K. Poutanen, J. Prakash, M. Prandoni, I. Le Provost, H. Psaltis, D. Pye, J. Qu, J. Rambaud, D. Ramon, P. Ramsay, G. Rapisarda, M. Rachevski, A. Rashevskaya, I. Ray, P. S. Rea, N. Reddy, S. Reig, P. Reina Aranda, M. Remillard, R. Reynolds, C. Rezzolla, L. Ribo, M. de la Rie, R. Riggio, A. Rios, A. Rischke, D. H. Rodriguez-Gil, P. Rodriguez, J. Rohlfs, R. Romano, P. Rossi, E. M. R. Rozanska, A. Rousseau, A. Rudak, B. Russell, D. M. Ryde, F. Sabau-Graziati, L. Sakamoto, T. Sala, G. Salvaterra, R. Salvetti, D. Sanna, A. Sandberg, J. Savolainen, T. Scaringi, S. Schaffner-Bielich, J. Schatz, H. Schee, J. Schmid, C. Serino, M. Shakura, N. Shore, S. Schnittman, J. D. Schneider, R. Schwenk, A. Schwope, A. D. Sedrakian, A. Seyler, J. -Y. Shearer, A. Slowikowska, A. Sims, M. Smith, A. Smith, D. M. Smith, P. J. Sobolewska, M. Sochora, V. Soffitta, P. Soleri, P. Song, L. Spencer, A. 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BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The LOFT mission concept - A status update SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray astronomy; Silicon detectors; timing; spectroscopy AB The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) is a mission concept which was proposed to ESA as M3 and M4 candidate in the framework of the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 program. Thanks to the unprecedented combination of effective area and spectral resolution of its main instrument and the uniquely large field of view of its wide field monitor, LOFT will be able to study the behaviour of matter in extreme conditions such as the strong gravitational field in the innermost regions close to black holes and neutron stars and the supra-nuclear densities in the interiors of neutron stars. The science payload is based on a Large Area Detector (LAD, > 8m(2) effective area, 2-30 keV, 240 eV spectral resolution, 1 degree collimated field of view) and a Wide Field Monitor (WFM, 2-50 keV, 4 steradian field of view, 1 arcmin source location accuracy, 300 eV spectral resolution). The WFM is equipped with an on-board system for bright events (e. g., GRB) localization. The trigger time and position of these events are broadcast to the ground within 30 s from discovery. In this paper we present the current technical and programmatic status of the mission. C1 [Feroci, M.; Argan, A.; Campana, R.; Capitanio, F.; Del Monte, E.; De Rosa, A.; Del Santo, M.; Di Cosimol, S.; Donnarumma, I.; Evangelista, Y.; Iwasawa, K.; Muleri, F.; Pacciani, L.; Rapisarda, M.; Soffitta, P.; Trois, A.] IAPS INAF, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. 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[Margueron, J.; Oertel, M.] IPN Lyon, 4 Rue Enrico Fermi, F-69622 Lyon, France. [Kurkela, A.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Vietri, M.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Piazza Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Bernardini, F.; Russell, D. M.] NYUAD, POB 129188, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Ballantyne, D. R.; Keek, L.] Georgia Inst Technol, North Ave NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Paragi, Z.] JIVE, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Komossa, S.; Savolainen, T.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Endenich, Germany. [Komossa, S.; Savolainen, T.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Postfach 20 24, D-53010 Bonn, Germany. [Nucita, A.] Univ Salento, Dept Math & Phys, Via Arnesano,CP 193, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Nucita, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Via Arnesano,CP 193, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Koerding, E.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Comeniuslaan 4, NL-6525 HP Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Bode, M.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2,Liverpool Sci Pk,146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Begelman, M.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Tiengo, A.] IUSS Ist Univ Studi Super Pavia, Palazzo Broletto Piazza Vittoria 15, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Slowikowska, A.] Univ Zielona Gora, PL-65417 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Costamante, L.] Univ Perugia, Dept Phys, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Stamerra, A.] INAF IFSI Torino, Corso Fiume 4, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Malone, C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Paerels, F.] Columbia Univ, 116th St & Broadway, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Serino, M.] RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan. [Zingale, M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Postnov, K.; Shakura, N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Inam, S. C.] Baskent Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Ankara, Turkey. [Behar, E.; Peretz, U.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, IL-3200003 Haifa, Israel. [Behar, E.; Peretz, U.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hamuguchi, K.] NASA, GSFC, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hamuguchi, K.] NASA, GSFC, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Guedel, M.] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, Turkenschanzstr 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Stratta, G.] Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Repubbl 13, I-61029 Urbino, Italy. [Jenke, P. A.] Univ Alabama, 301 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Pederiva, F.] Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, Via Sommar, I-38123 Trento, Italy. [Baldo, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Rischke, D. H.; Schaffner-Bielich, J.; Sedrakian, A.] Goethe Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Type, S.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, Planckstr 1, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany. [Buballa, M.; Hebeler, K.; Martinez, G.; Schwenk, A.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany. [Chamel, N.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Inst Astron & Astrophys, CP 226,Blvd Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Sakamoto, T.] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys & Math, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Briggs, M. S.] Univ Alabama, Natl Space Sci & Technol Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Tamura, H.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Degenaar, N.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Chernyakova, M.] Dublin City Univ, Sch Phys Sci, Dublin 9, Ireland. [Celestin, S.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, Lab Phys & Chem Environm & Space LPC2E, F-45067 Orleans, France. [Fullekrug, M.] Univ Bath, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Ctr Space Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Bath, Avon, England. [Liu, L. -P.; Xiao, L.] China Acad Space Technol China, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Medina-Tanco, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Apartado Postal 70-543,Ciudad Univ, Mexico City, DF 04510, Mexico. [Peterson, B. M.] Ohio State Univ, McPherson Lab 4055, Dept Astron, 140 West 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Huppenkothen, D.] NYU, Ctr Data Sci, 726 Broadway, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Steiner, A. W.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Bellutti, P.; Borghi, G.; Ficorella, F.; Picciotto, A.; Piemonte, C.; Zorzi, N.] Fdn Bruno Kessler, Via Sommar 18, I-38123 Trento, Italy. Trento Inst Fundamental Phys & Applicat, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy. RP Feroci, M (reprint author), IAPS INAF, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM marco.feroci@inaf.it RI Malcovati, Piero/S-2458-2016; Bursa, Michal/G-9004-2014; OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; TORRESI, ELEONORA/0000-0002-5201-010X; Paolillo, Maurizio/0000-0003-4210-7693; Malcovati, Piero/0000-0001-6514-9672; Sanna, Andrea/0000-0002-0118-2649; de Martino, Domitilla/0000-0002-5069-4202; Groot, Paul/0000-0002-4488-726X; Gendre, Bruce/0000-0002-9077-2025; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Stevens, Abigail/0000-0002-5041-3079; Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092; Poutanen, Juri/0000-0002-0983-0049; Tramacere, Andrea/0000-0002-8186-3793; Wheatley, Peter/0000-0003-1452-2240 NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051R-1 DI 10.1117/12.2233161 PN 1 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500048 ER PT S AU Fleming, BT France, K Nell, N Kruczek, N Kane, R Green, J Quijada, MA Del Hoyo, J Siegmund, O AF Fleming, Brian T. France, Kevin Nell, Nicholas Kruczek, Nicholas Kane, Robert Green, James Quijada, Manuel A. Del Hoyo, Javier Siegmund, Oswald BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI SISTINE: A Pathfinder for FUV Imaging Spectroscopy on Future NASA Astrophysics Missions SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE ID POTENTIALLY HABITABLE PLANETS; ATMOSPHERES; OXYGEN; EARTH AB The University of Colorado ultraviolet sounding rocket program presents the motivation and design capabilities of the new Suborbital Imaging Spectrograph for Transition Region Irradiance from Nearby Exoplanet host stars (SISTINE). SISTINE is a pathfinder for future UV space instrumentation, incorporating advanced broadband reflective mirror coatings and large format borosilicate microchannel plate detectors that address technology gaps identified by the NASA Cosmic Origins program. The optical design capitalizes on new capabilities enabled by these technologies to demonstrate optical pathlengths in a sounding rocket envelope that would otherwise require a prohibitive effective area penalty in the 1020 - 1150 angstrom bandpass. This enables SISTINE to achieve high signal-to-noise observations of emission lines from planet-hosting dwarf stars with moderate spectral resolution (R similar to 10,000) and sub-arcsecond angular imaging. In this proceedings, we present the scientific motivation for a moderate resolution imaging spectrograph, the design of SISTINE, and the enabling technologies that make SISTINE, and future advanced FUV-sensitive instrumentation, possible. C1 [Fleming, Brian T.; France, Kevin; Nell, Nicholas; Kruczek, Nicholas; Kane, Robert] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Green, James] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Campus Box 391, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Quijada, Manuel A.; Del Hoyo, Javier] NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Siegmund, Oswald] Sensor Sci LLC, Pleasant Hill, CA USA. RP Fleming, BT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050A DI 10.1117/12.2232249 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500009 ER PT S AU France, K Fleming, B Roadley, K AF France, Kevin Fleming, Brian Roadley, Keri BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI CHISL: The Combined High-resolution and Imaging Spectrograph for the LUVOIR Surveyor SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE flagship mission: LUVOIR; ultraviolet spectroscopy; suborbital payloads; science drivers; photon-counting detectors; optical coatings ID PROTOPLANETARY DISK; ATMOSPHERES; TELESCOPE; EMISSION; PLANETS; STARS; EXOPLANETS; OXYGEN; RATIO; EARTH AB NASA is currently carrying out science and technical studies to identify its next astronomy flagship mission, slated to begin development in the 2020s. It has become clear that a Large Ultraviolet/ Optical/ IR (LUVOIR) Surveyor mission (d(primary) approximate to 12 m,Delta lambda approximate to 1000 angstrom-2 mu m spectroscopic bandpass) can carry out the largest number of NASA's exoplanet and astrophysics science goals over the coming decades. The science grasp of a LUVOIR Surveyor is broad, ranging from the direct detection of potential biomarkers on rocky planets to the flow of matter into and out of galaxies and the history of star-formation across cosmic time. There are technical challenges for several aspects of the LUVOIR Surveyor concept, including component level technology readiness maturation and science instrument concepts for a broadly capable ultraviolet spectrograph. We present the scientific motivation for, and a preliminary design of, a multiplexed ultraviolet spectrograph to support both the exoplanet and astrophysics goals of the LUVOIR Surveyor mission concept, the Combined High-resolution and Imaging Spectrograph for the LUVOIR Surveyor (CHISL). CHISL includes a highresolution (R approximate to 120,000; 1000-1700 angstrom) point-source spectroscopy channel and a medium resolution (R >= 14,000 from 1000-2000 angstrom in a single observatioand R similar to 24,000-35,000 in multiple grating settings) imaging spectroscopy channel. CHISL addresses topics ranging from characterizing the composition and structure of planet-forming disks to the feedback of matter between galaxies and the intergalactic medium. We present the CHISL concept, a small sample of representative science cases, and the primary technological hurdles. Technical challenges include high-efficiency ultraviolet coatings and high-quantum efficiency, large-format, photon counting detectors. We are actively engaged in laboratory and flight characterization efforts for all of these enabling technologies as components on sounding rocket payloads under development at the University of Colorado. We describe two payloads that are designed to be pathfinder instruments for the high-resolution (CHESS) and imaging spectroscopy (SISTINE) arms of CHISL. We are carrying out this instrument design, characterization, and flight-testing today to support the new start of a LUVOIR Surveyor mission in the next decade. C1 [France, Kevin; Fleming, Brian; Roadley, Keri] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [France, Kevin] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Fleming, Brian] NASA, Washington, DC USA. RP France, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; France, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM kevin.france@colorado.edu NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990506 DI 10.1117/12.2231080 PN 1 PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500005 ER PT S AU Fujimoto, R Takei, Y Mitsuda, K Yamasaki, NY Tsujimoto, M Koyama, S Ishikawa, K Sugita, H Sato, Y Shinozaki, K Okamoto, A Kitamoto, S Hoshino, A Sato, K Ezoe, Y Ishisaki, Y Yamada, S Seta, H Ohashi, T Tamagawa, T Noda, H Sawada, M Tashiro, M Yatsu, Y Mitsuishi, I Kanao, K Yoshida, S Miyaoka, M Tsunematsu, S Otsuka, K Narasaki, K DiPirro, MJ Shirron, PJ Sneiderman, GA Kilbourne, CA Porter, FS Chiao, MP Eckart, ME Kelley, RL AF Fujimoto, Ryuichi Takei, Yoh Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Yamasaki, Noriko Y. Tsujimoto, Masahiro Koyama, Shu Ishikawa, Kumi Sugita, Hiroyuki Sato, Yoichi Shinozaki, Keisuke Okamoto, Atsushi Kitamoto, Shunji Hoshino, Akio Sato, Kosuke Ezoe, Yuichiro Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Yamada, Shinya Seta, Hiromi Ohashi, Takaya Tamagawa, Toru Noda, Hirofumi Sawada, Makoto Tashiro, Makoto Yatsu, Yoichi Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Kanao, Kenichi Yoshida, Seiji Miyaoka, Mikio Tsunematsu, Shoji Otsuka, Kiyomi Narasaki, Katsuhiro DiPirro, Michael J. Shirron, Peter J. Sneiderman, Gary A. Kilbourne, Caroline A. Porter, F. Scott Chiao, Meng P. Eckart, Megan E. Kelley, Richard L. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Performance of the helium dewar and cryocoolers of ASTRO-H SXS SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE ASTRO-H; X-ray microcalorimeter; space cryogenics; superfluid helium system; Joule-Thomson cooler; Stirling cooler ID X-RAY SPECTROMETER AB The Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) is a cryogenic high-resolution X-ray spectrometer onboard the ASTRO-H satellite, that achieves energy resolution better than 7 eV at 6 keV, by operating the detector array at 50 mK using an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator. The cooling chain from room temperature to the ADR heat sink is composed of 2-stage Stirling cryocoolers, a He-4 Joule-Thomson cryocooler, and superfluid liquid He, and is installed in a dewar. It is designed to achieve a helium lifetime of more than 3 years with a minimum of 30 liters. The satellite was launched on 2016 February 17, and the SXS worked perfectly in orbit, until March 26 when the satellite lost its function. It was demonstrated that the heat load on the He tank was about 0.7 mW, which would have satisfied the lifetime requirement. This paper describes the design, results of ground performance tests, prelaunch operations, and initial operation and performance in orbit of the flight dewar and cryocoolers. C1 [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Takei, Yoh; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Koyama, Shu; Ishikawa, Kumi] ISAS JAXA, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Sugita, Hiroyuki; Sato, Yoichi; Shinozaki, Keisuke; Okamoto, Atsushi] RDD JAXA, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Kitamoto, Shunji; Hoshino, Akio] Rikkyo Univ, Toshima Ku, 3-34-1 Nishi Ikebukuro, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Sato, Kosuke] Tokyo Univ Sci, Shinjuku Ku, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. [Ezoe, Yuichiro; Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Yamada, Shinya; Seta, Hiromi; Ohashi, Takaya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Tamagawa, Toru] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Noda, Hirofumi] Tohoku Univ, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Chuo Ku, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Tashiro, Makoto] Saitama Univ, Sakura Ku, 255 Shimo Okubo, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Yatsu, Yoichi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Neguro Ku, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. [Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki] Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Kanao, Kenichi; Yoshida, Seiji; Miyaoka, Mikio; Tsunematsu, Shoji; Otsuka, Kiyomi; Narasaki, Katsuhiro] Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd, 5-2 Soubiraki Cho, Niihama, Ehime 7928588, Japan. [DiPirro, Michael J.; Shirron, Peter J.; Sneiderman, Gary A.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Porter, F. Scott; Chiao, Meng P.; Eckart, Megan E.; Kelley, Richard L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Fujimoto, R (reprint author), Kanazawa Univ, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. EM fujimoto@se.kanazawa-u.ac.jp NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053S DI 10.1117/12.2232933 PN 1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500113 ER PT S AU Gendreau, KC Arzoumanian, Z Adkins, PW Albert, CL Anders, JF Aylward, AT Baker, CL Balsamo, ER Bamford, WA Benegalrao, SS Berry, DL Bhalwani, S Black, JK Blaurock, C Bronke, GM Brown, GL Budinoff, JG Cantwell, JD Cazeau, T Chen, PT Clement, TG Colangelo, AT Coleman, JS Coopersmith, JD Dehaven, WE Doty, JP Egan, MD Enoto, T Fan, TWM Ferro, DM Foster, R Galassi, NM Gallo, LD Green, CM Grosh, D Ha, KQ Hassouneh, MA Heefner, KB Hestnes, P Hoge, LJ Jacobs, TM Jorgensen, JL Kaiser, MA Kellogg, JW Kenyon, SJ Koenecke, RG Kozon, RP LaMarr, B Lambertson, MD Larson, AM Lentine, S Lewis, JH Lilly, MG Liu, KA Malonis, A Manthripragada, SS Markwardt, CB Matonak, BD Mcginnis, IE Miller, RL Mitchell, AL Mitchell, JW Mohammed, JS Monroe, CA de Garcia, KMM Mule, PD Nagao, LT Ngo, SN Norris, ED Norwood, DA Novotka, J Okajima, T Olsen, LG Onyeachu, CO Orosco, HY Peterson, JR Pevear, KN Pham, KK Pollard, SE Pope, JS Powers, DF Powers, CE Price, SR Prigozhin, GY Ramirez, JB Reid, WJ Remillard, RA Rogstad, EM Rosecrans, GP Rowe, JN Sager, JA Sanders, CA Savadkin, B Saylor, MR Schaeffer, AF Schweiss, NS Semper, SR Serlemitsos, PJ Shackelford, LV Soong, Y Struebel, J Vezie, ML Villasenor, JS Winternitz, LB Wofford, GI Wright, MR Yang, MY Yu, WH AF Gendreau, Keith C. Arzoumanian, Zaven Adkins, Phillip W. Albert, Cheryl L. Anders, John F. Aylward, Andrew T. Baker, Charles L. Balsamo, Erin R. Bamford, William A. Benegalrao, Suyog S. Berry, Daniel L. Bhalwani, Shiraz Black, J. Kevin Blaurock, Carl Bronke, Ginger M. Brown, Gary L. Budinoff, Jason G. Cantwell, Jeffrey D. Cazeau, Thoniel Chen, Philip T. Clement, Thomas G. Colangelo, Andrew T. Coleman, Jerry S. Coopersmith, Jonathan D. Dehaven, William E. Doty, John P. Egan, Mark D. Enoto, Teruaki Fan, Terry W. -M. Ferro, Deneen M. Foster, Richard Galassi, Nicholas M. Gallo, Luis D. Green, Chris M. Grosh, Dave Ha, Kong Q. Hassouneh, Munther A. Heefner, Kristofer B. Hestnes, Phyllis Hoge, Lisa J. Jacobs, Tawanda M. Jorgensen, John L. Kaiser, Michael A. Kellogg, James W. Kenyon, Steven J. Koenecke, Richard G. Kozon, Robert P. LaMarr, Beverly Lambertson, Mike D. Larson, Anne M. Lentine, Steven Lewis, Jesse H. Lilly, Mike G. Liu, Kuochia Alice Malonis, Andrew Manthripragada, Sridhar S. Markwardt, Craig B. Matonak, Bryan D. Mcginnis, Isaac E. Miller, Roger L. Mitchell, Alissa L. Mitchell, Jason W. Mohammed, Jelila S. Monroe, Charles A. de Garcia, Kristina M. Montt Mule, Peter D. Nagao, Louis T. Ngo, Son N. Norris, Eric D. Norwood, Dwight A. Novotka, Joseph Okajima, Takashi Olsen, Lawrence G. Onyeachu, Chimaobi O. Orosco, Henry Y. Peterson, Jacqualine R. Pevear, Kristina N. Pham, Karen K. Pollard, Sue E. Pope, John S. Powers, Daniel F. Powers, Charles E. Price, Samuel R. Prigozhin, Gregory Y. Ramirez, Julian B. Reid, Winston J. Remillard, Ronald A. Rogstad, Eric M. Rosecrans, Glenn P. Rowe, John N. Sager, Jennifer A. Sanders, Claude A. Savadkin, Bruce Saylor, Maxine R. Schaeffer, Alex F. Schweiss, Nancy S. Semper, Sean R. Serlemitsos, Peter J. Shackelford, Larry V. Soong, Yang Struebel, Jonathan Vezie, Michael L. Villasenor, Joel S. Winternitz, Luke B. Wofford, George I. Wright, Michael R. Yang, Mike Y. Yu, Wayne H. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER): design and development SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray astrophysics; Neutron stars; Timing spectroscopy; International Space Station; SEXTANT; X-ray pulsar-based navigation (XNAV) AB During 2014 and 2015, NASA's Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) mission proceeded successfully through Phase C, Design and Development. An X-ray (0.2-12 keV) astrophysics payload destined for the International Space Station, NICER is manifested for launch in early 2017 on the Commercial Resupply Services SpaceX-11 flight. Its scientific objectives are to investigate the internal structure, dynamics, and energetics of neutron stars, the densest objects in the universe. During Phase C, flight components including optics, detectors, the optical bench, pointing actuators, electronics, and others were subjected to environmental testing and integrated to form the flight payload. A custom-built facility was used to co-align and integrate the X-ray "concentrator" optics and silicon-drift detectors. Ground calibration provided robust performance measures of the optical (at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center) and detector (at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) subsystems, while comprehensive functional tests prior to payload-level environmental testing met all instrument performance requirements. We describe here the implementation of NICER's major subsystems, summarize their performance and calibration, and outline the component-level testing that was successfully applied. C1 [Gendreau, Keith C.; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Adkins, Phillip W.; Albert, Cheryl L.; Anders, John F.; Baker, Charles L.; Benegalrao, Suyog S.; Bhalwani, Shiraz; Black, J. Kevin; Bronke, Ginger M.; Budinoff, Jason G.; Cazeau, Thoniel; Coleman, Jerry S.; Dehaven, William E.; Fan, Terry W. -M.; Foster, Richard; Gallo, Luis D.; Grosh, Dave; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Kaiser, Michael A.; Kenyon, Steven J.; Malonis, Andrew; Matonak, Bryan D.; Miller, Roger L.; Mitchell, Alissa L.; Mohammed, Jelila S.; de Garcia, Kristina M. Montt; Nagao, Louis T.; Ngo, Son N.; Norris, Eric D.; Powers, Daniel F.; Powers, Charles E.; Remillard, Ronald A.; Rosecrans, Glenn P.; Sanders, Claude A.; Savadkin, Bruce; Schaeffer, Alex F.; Schweiss, Nancy S.; Semper, Sean R.; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Soong, Yang; Villasenor, Joel S.; Wofford, George I.; Yang, Mike Y.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Balsamo, Erin R.; Bhalwani, Shiraz; Bronke, Ginger M.; Cazeau, Thoniel; Green, Chris M.; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Liu, Kuochia Alice; Matonak, Bryan D.; Miller, Roger L.; Mule, Peter D.; Ngo, Son N.; Norwood, Dwight A.; Pollard, Sue E.; Powers, Daniel F.; Powers, Charles E.; Reid, Winston J.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Rosecrans, Glenn P.; Sager, Jennifer A.; Schaeffer, Alex F.; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Soong, Yang; Struebel, Jonathan; Winternitz, Luke B.; Wright, Michael R.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Benegalrao, Suyog S.; Black, J. Kevin; Cantwell, Jeffrey D.; Clement, Thomas G.; Enoto, Teruaki; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Kaiser, Michael A.; Manthripragada, Sridhar S.; Mitchell, Alissa L.; Pope, John S.; Ramirez, Julian B.; Rosecrans, Glenn P.; Vezie, Michael L.; Wofford, George I.] AS&D, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Anders, John F.; Aylward, Andrew T.; Blaurock, Carl; Coleman, Jerry S.; Galassi, Nicholas M.; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Kozon, Robert P.; Lentine, Steven; Manthripragada, Sridhar S.; Mcginnis, Isaac E.; Mule, Peter D.; Ngo, Son N.; Novotka, Joseph; Orosco, Henry Y.; Pham, Karen K.; Reid, Winston J.; Rowe, John N.; Schweiss, Nancy S.; Shackelford, Larry V.; Vezie, Michael L.; Wright, Michael R.] InuTeq, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Aylward, Andrew T.; Benegalrao, Suyog S.; Bhalwani, Shiraz; Clement, Thomas G.; Coleman, Jerry S.; Gallo, Luis D.; Kellogg, James W.; Kenyon, Steven J.; Malonis, Andrew; Miller, Roger L.; Mohammed, Jelila S.; Pham, Karen K.; Powers, Charles E.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Rosecrans, Glenn P.; Shackelford, Larry V.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Anders, John F.; Balsamo, Erin R.; Berry, Daniel L.; Budinoff, Jason G.; Cantwell, Jeffrey D.; Clement, Thomas G.; Foster, Richard; Ha, Kong Q.; Hoge, Lisa J.; Kellogg, James W.; LaMarr, Beverly; Lewis, Jesse H.; Monroe, Charles A.; Orosco, Henry Y.; Prigozhin, Gregory Y.; Sager, Jennifer A.; Sanders, Claude A.; Soong, Yang] Emergent Space Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Arzoumanian, Zaven; Albert, Cheryl L.; Bamford, William A.; Black, J. Kevin; Chen, Philip T.; Doty, John P.; Lilly, Mike G.; Mcginnis, Isaac E.; Mule, Peter D.; Okajima, Takashi; Pham, Karen K.; Ramirez, Julian B.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Villasenor, Joel S.; Yang, Mike Y.] Rock Creek Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Adkins, Phillip W.; Aylward, Andrew T.; Berry, Daniel L.; Blaurock, Carl; Coleman, Jerry S.; Fan, Terry W. -M.; Gallo, Luis D.; Heefner, Kristofer B.; Lentine, Steven; Matonak, Bryan D.; Mule, Peter D.; Nagao, Louis T.; Orosco, Henry Y.; Powers, Daniel F.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Savadkin, Bruce; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Soong, Yang; Vezie, Michael L.; Yang, Mike Y.; Yu, Wayne H.] Nightsky Syst, Baltimore, MD 21230 USA. [Arzoumanian, Zaven; Baker, Charles L.; Blaurock, Carl; Brown, Gary L.; Chen, Philip T.; Doty, John P.; Enoto, Teruaki; Grosh, Dave; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Liu, Kuochia Alice; Mcginnis, Isaac E.; Mitchell, Jason W.; Mule, Peter D.; Norris, Eric D.; Pevear, Kristina N.; Price, Samuel R.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Rosecrans, Glenn P.; Rowe, John N.; Soong, Yang; Winternitz, Luke B.; Yu, Wayne H.] SGT Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Balsamo, Erin R.; Berry, Daniel L.; Cazeau, Thoniel; Colangelo, Andrew T.; Egan, Mark D.; Gallo, Luis D.; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Jorgensen, John L.; Kellogg, James W.; Lewis, Jesse H.; Matonak, Bryan D.; Mitchell, Jason W.; de Garcia, Kristina M. Montt; Nagao, Louis T.; Pollard, Sue E.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Soong, Yang; Wofford, George I.] Orbital ATK, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Blaurock, Carl; Budinoff, Jason G.; Coleman, Jerry S.; Ferro, Deneen M.; Galassi, Nicholas M.; Hoge, Lisa J.; Koenecke, Richard G.; Malonis, Andrew; Markwardt, Craig B.; Monroe, Charles A.; de Garcia, Kristina M. Montt; Pollard, Sue E.; Ramirez, Julian B.; Rowe, John N.; Schaeffer, Alex F.; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Struebel, Jonathan; Villasenor, Joel S.; Winternitz, Luke B.] Honeywell Technol SolutI Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Anders, John F.; Berry, Daniel L.; Coopersmith, Jonathan D.; Enoto, Teruaki; Galassi, Nicholas M.; Green, Chris M.; Hestnes, Phyllis; Kaiser, Michael A.; Larson, Anne M.; Manthripragada, Sridhar S.; Mohammed, Jelila S.; Peterson, Jacqualine R.; Ramirez, Julian B.; Saylor, Maxine R.; Shackelford, Larry V.; Vezie, Michael L.; Wright, Michael R.] Noqsi Aerosp, Pine, CO 80470 USA. [Adkins, Phillip W.; Baker, Charles L.; Black, J. Kevin; Clement, Thomas G.; Coleman, Jerry S.; Egan, Mark D.; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Matonak, Bryan D.; Monroe, Charles A.; Powers, Daniel F.; Powers, Charles E.; Savadkin, Bruce; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Struebel, Jonathan; Wright, Michael R.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Anders, John F.; Berry, Daniel L.; Blaurock, Carl; Ferro, Deneen M.; Ha, Kong Q.; Heefner, Kristofer B.; Hoge, Lisa J.; Mohammed, Jelila S.; Mule, Peter D.; Pollard, Sue E.; Remillard, Ronald A.; Rowe, John N.; Shackelford, Larry V.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Anders, John F.; Bamford, William A.; Bhalwani, Shiraz; Brown, Gary L.; Cantwell, Jeffrey D.; Doty, John P.; Green, Chris M.; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Lentine, Steven; Monroe, Charles A.; Pollard, Sue E.; Savadkin, Bruce; Vezie, Michael L.; Winternitz, Luke B.] Raytheon, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Brown, Gary L.; Fan, Terry W. -M.; Hestnes, Phyllis; Malonis, Andrew; Orosco, Henry Y.; Pollard, Sue E.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Soong, Yang; Wofford, George I.] ATA Aerosp, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Arzoumanian, Zaven; Ferro, Deneen M.; Heefner, Kristofer B.; Matonak, Bryan D.; de Garcia, Kristina M. Montt; Nagao, Louis T.; Pollard, Sue E.; Remillard, Ronald A.; Saylor, Maxine R.; Winternitz, Luke B.] Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Kaiser, Michael A.; Manthripragada, Sridhar S.; Miller, Roger L.; Nagao, Louis T.; Peterson, Jacqualine R.; Price, Samuel R.; Savadkin, Bruce; Vezie, Michael L.; Winternitz, Luke B.] ADNET Syst, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Bhalwani, Shiraz; Ferro, Deneen M.; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Matonak, Bryan D.; Mitchell, Alissa L.; Monroe, Charles A.; Ngo, Son N.; Pham, Karen K.; Sanders, Claude A.; Villasenor, Joel S.; Wright, Michael R.] Columbus Technol & Serv, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Benegalrao, Suyog S.; Berry, Daniel L.; Bhalwani, Shiraz; Bronke, Ginger M.; Budinoff, Jason G.; Cantwell, Jeffrey D.; Ferro, Deneen M.; Heefner, Kristofer B.; Kaiser, Michael A.; Markwardt, Craig B.; Ramirez, Julian B.; Schaeffer, Alex F.; Wofford, George I.; Yang, Mike Y.] Chesapeake Aerosp, Grasonville, MD 21638 USA. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Fan, Terry W. -M.; Hassouneh, Munther A.; Hestnes, Phyllis; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Mcginnis, Isaac E.; Nagao, Louis T.; Powers, Daniel F.; Saylor, Maxine R.; Vezie, Michael L.; Wright, Michael R.] Telophase, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. [Ha, Kong Q.; Jacobs, Tawanda M.; Kenyon, Steven J.; Malonis, Andrew; Mitchell, Alissa L.; Powers, Daniel F.; Sanders, Claude A.; Soong, Yang; Yu, Wayne H.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Galassi, Nicholas M.; Hoge, Lisa J.; Kellogg, James W.; Mitchell, Jason W.; Nagao, Louis T.; Pham, Karen K.; Ramirez, Julian B.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Vezie, Michael L.] Boeing, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Aylward, Andrew T.; Bhalwani, Shiraz; Budinoff, Jason G.; Gallo, Luis D.; Ha, Kong Q.; Hestnes, Phyllis; Jorgensen, John L.; Malonis, Andrew; Manthripragada, Sridhar S.; de Garcia, Kristina M. Montt; Norris, Eric D.; Powers, Daniel F.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Sager, Jennifer A.; Villasenor, Joel S.; Yang, Mike Y.] Sierra Lobo, Fremont, OH 43420 USA. [Albert, Cheryl L.; Bamford, William A.; Benegalrao, Suyog S.; Green, Chris M.; Heefner, Kristofer B.; Kenyon, Steven J.; Manthripragada, Sridhar S.; Mitchell, Jason W.; Ngo, Son N.; Novotka, Joseph; Powers, Charles E.; Rogstad, Eric M.; Winternitz, Luke B.; Yu, Wayne H.] Microtel, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Budinoff, Jason G.; Coleman, Jerry S.] Moog Broad Reach Engn, Tempe, AZ 85282 USA. [Mohammed, Jelila S.; Monroe, Charles A.; Pollard, Sue E.; Rowe, John N.; Villasenor, Joel S.; Winternitz, Luke B.] DesignAmerica, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Gendreau, KC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM keith.c.gendreau@nasa.gov; zaven.arzoumanian@nasa.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051H DI 10.1117/12.2231304 PN 1 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500039 ER PT S AU Glesener, L Krucker, S Christe, S Ishikawa, S Buitrago-Casas, JC Ramsey, B Gubarev, M Takahashi, T Watanabe, S Takeda, S Courtade, S Turin, P McBride, S Shourt, V Hoberman, J Foster, N Vievering, J AF Glesener, Lindsay Krucker, Sam Christe, Steven Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke Buitrago-Casas, Juan Camilo Ramsey, Brian Gubarev, Mikhail Takahashi, Tadayuki Watanabe, Shin Takeda, Shin'ichiro Courtade, Sasha Turin, Paul McBride, Stephen Shourt, Van Hoberman, Jane Foster, Natalie Vievering, Juliana BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The FOXSI solar sounding rocket campaigns SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE The Sun; solar flares; hard X-rays; sounding rocket; X-ray focusing optics ID 1ST IMAGES; RAY; TELESCOPE; NUSTAR; RHESSI AB The Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager (FOXSI) is, in its initial form, a sounding rocket experiment designed to apply the technique of focusing hard X-ray (HXR) optics to the study of fundamental questions about the high-energy Sun. Solar HXRs arise via bremsstrahlung from energetic electrons and hot plasma produced in solar flares and thus are one of the most direct diagnostics of flare-accelerated electrons and the impulsive heating of the solar corona. Previous missions have always been limited in sensitivity and dynamic range by the use of indirect (Fourier) imaging due to the lack of availability of direct focusing optics, but technological advances now make direct focusing accesible in the HXR regime (as evidenced by the NuSTAR spacecraft and several suborbital missions). The FOXSI rocket experiment develops and optimizes HXR focusing telescopes for the unique scientific requirements of the sun. To date, FOXSI has completed two successful flights on 2012 November 02 and 2014 December 11 and is funded for a third flight. This paper gives a brief overview of the experiment, which is sensitive to solar HXRs in the 4-20 keV range, describes its first two flights, and gives a preview of plans for FOXSI-3 C1 [Glesener, Lindsay; Vievering, Juliana] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Krucker, Sam; Buitrago-Casas, Juan Camilo; Courtade, Sasha; Turin, Paul; McBride, Stephen; Shourt, Van; Hoberman, Jane] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krucker, Sam] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Windisch, Switzerland. [Christe, Steven] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke; Takahashi, Tadayuki; Watanabe, Shin] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan. [Ramsey, Brian; Gubarev, Mikhail] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA. [Takahashi, Tadayuki; Watanabe, Shin] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. [Takeda, Shin'ichiro] Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol, Onna, Okinawa, Japan. [Foster, Natalie] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Glesener, L (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050E DI 10.1117/12.2232262 PN 1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500011 ER PT S AU Goldfinger, DC Adams, JS Baker, R Bandler, SR Danowski, ME Doriese, WB Eckart, ME Figueroa-Feliciano, E Hilton, GC Hubbard, AJF Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA McCammon, D Okajima, T Porter, FS Reintsema, CD Serlemitsos, P Smith, SJ Heine, SNT Wikus, P AF Goldfinger, D. C. Adams, J. S. Baker, R. Bandler, S. R. Danowski, M. E. Doriese, W. B. Eckart, M. E. Figueroa-Feliciano, E. Hilton, G. C. Hubbard, A. J. F. Kelley, R. L. Kilbourne, C. A. McCammon, D. Okajima, T. Porter, F. S. Reintsema, C. D. Serlemitsos, P. Smith, S. J. Heine, S. N. T. Wikus, P. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Status of the Micro-X Sounding Rocket X-ray Spectrometer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Microcalorimeter; Sounding Rocket; Transition Edge Sensors; Micro-X; X-ray astronomy; Cryogenics AB Micro-X is a sounding rocket borne X-ray telescope that utilizes transition edge sensors to perform imaging spectroscopy with a high level of energy resolution. Its 2.1m focal length X-ray optic has an effective area of 300 cm(2), a field of view of 11.8 arcmin, and a bandpass of 0.1-2.5 keV. The detector array has 128 pixels and an intrinsic energy resolution of 4.5 eV FWHM. The integration of the system has progressed with functional tests of the detectors and electronics complete, and performance characterization of the detectors is underway. We present an update of ongoing progress in preparation for the upcoming launch of the instrument. C1 [Goldfinger, D. C.; Heine, S. N. T.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Danowski, M. E.; Figueroa-Feliciano, E.; Hubbard, A. J. F.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Adams, J. S.; Baker, R.; Bandler, S. R.; Eckart, M. E.; Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Okajima, T.; Porter, F. S.; Serlemitsos, P.; Smith, S. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Adams, J. S.; Smith, S. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Doriese, W. B.; Hilton, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [McCammon, D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wikus, P.] Bruker BioSpin AG, Fllanden, Switzerland. RP Goldfinger, DC (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM dgoldfin@mit.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99054S DI 10.1117/12.2233299 PN 1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500137 ER PT S AU Gubarev, M Kolodziejczak, JK Griffith, C Roche, J Smith, WS Kester, T Atkins, C Arnold, W Ramsey, B AF Gubarev, M. Kolodziejczak, J. K. Griffith, C. Roche, J. Smith, W. S. Kester, T. Atkins, C. Arnold, W. Ramsey, B. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Development of a direct fabrication technique for full-shell x-ray optics SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE x-ray optics; full-shell x-ray optics; direct fabrication AB Future astrophysical missions will require fabrication technology capable of producing high angular resolution x-ray optics. A full-shell direct fabrication approach using modern robotic polishing machines has the potential for producing high resolution, light-weight and affordable x-ray mirrors that can be nested to produce large collecting area. This approach to mirror fabrication, based on the use of the metal substrates coated with nickel phosphorous alloy, is being pursued at MSFC. A model of the wear pattern as a function of numerous physical parameters is developed and verified using a mandrel sample. The results of the polishing experiments are presented. C1 [Gubarev, M.; Kolodziejczak, J. K.; Griffith, C.; Roche, J.; Smith, W. S.; Kester, T.; Ramsey, B.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Atkins, C.] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Arnold, W.] AI Solut Inc, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Gubarev, M (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM Mikhail.V.Gubarev@nasa.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051V DI 10.1117/12.2233666 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500051 ER PT S AU Hayashi, T Sato, T Kikuchi, N Iizuka, R Maeda, Y Ishida, M Kurashima, S Nakaniwa, N Okajima, T Mori, H Soong, Y Serlemitosos, PJ AF Hayashi, Takayuki Sato, Toshiki Kikuchi, Naomichi Iizuka, Ryo Maeda, Yoshitomo Ishida, Manabu Kurashima, Sho Nakaniwa, Nozomi Okajima, Takashi Mori, Hideyuki Soong, Yang Serlemitosos, Peter J. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Point spread function of ASTRO-H Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE ASTRO-H (Hitomi); Soft X-ray Telescope; Soft X-ray spectrometer; Soft X-ray imager; X-ray mirror; SXT; SXS; SXI AB ASTRO-H (Hitomi) satellite equips two Soft X-ray Telescopes (SXTs), one of which (SXT-S) is coupled to Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) while the other (SXT-I) is coupled to Soft X-ray Imager (SXI). Although SXTs are lightweight of similar to 42 kg module(-1) and have large on-axis effective area (EA) of similar to 450cm(2) at 4.5 keV module(-1) by themselves, their angular resolutions are moderate similar to 1.2 arcmin in half power diameter. The amount of contamination into the SXS FOV (3.05 x 3.05 arcmin(2)) from nearby sources was measured in the ground-based calibration at the beamline in Institute of Space and Astronautical Science. The contamination at 4.5 keV were measured with sources distant from the SXS center by one width of the FOV in perpendicular and diagonal directions, that is, 3 and 4.5 arcmin-off, respectively. The average EA of the contamination in the four directions with the 3 and 4.5 arcmin-off were measured to be 2 and 0.6% of the on-axis EA of 412 cm(2) for the SXS FOV, respectively. The contamination from a source distant by two FOV widths in a diagonal direction, that is, 8.6 arcmin-off was measured to be 0.1% of the on-axis at 4.5 keV. The contamination amounts were also measured at 1.5 keV and 8.0 keV which indicated that the ratio of the contamination EA to that of on-axis hardly depended on the source energy. The off-axis SXT-I images from -4.5 to 27 arcmin were acquired at intervals of 4.5 arcmin for the SXI FOV of 38 x 38 arcmin(2). The image shrinked as the off-axis angle increased. Above 13.5 arcmin of off-angle, a stray appeared around the image center in the off-axis direction. As for the on-axis image, a ring-shaped stray appeared at the edge of SXI of similar to 18 arcmin distant from the image center. C1 [Hayashi, Takayuki] Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Hayashi, Takayuki; Okajima, Takashi; Mori, Hideyuki; Soong, Yang; Serlemitosos, Peter J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sato, Toshiki; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Iizuka, Ryo; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Ishida, Manabu; Kurashima, Sho; Nakaniwa, Nozomi] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Sato, Toshiki; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Ishida, Manabu; Kurashima, Sho; Nakaniwa, Nozomi] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. RP Hayashi, T (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.; Hayashi, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM thayashi@u.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99055D DI 10.1117/12.2232007 PN 1 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500150 ER PT S AU Heap, S Ninkov, Z Robberto, M Hull, T Purves, L AF Heap, Sara Ninkov, Zoran Robberto, Massimo Hull, Tony Purves, Lloyd BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Galaxy Evolution Spectroscopic Explorer: Scientific Rationale SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE space telescopes; galaxy evolution; multi-object spectrographs; slit spectroscopy; ultraviolet spectra ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES AB GESE is a mission concept consisting of a 1.5-m space telescope and UV multi-object slit spectrograph designed to help understand galaxy evolution in a critical era in the history of the universe, where the rate of star-formation stopped increasing and started to decline. To isolate and identify the various processes driving the evolution of these galaxies, GESE will obtain rest-frame far-UV spectra of 100,000 galaxies at redshifts, z similar to 1-2. To obtain such a large number of spectra, multiplexing over a wide field is an absolute necessity. A slit device such as a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) or a micro-shutter array (MSA) enables spectroscopy of a hundred or more sources in a single exposure while eliminating overlapping spectra of other sources and blocking unwanted background like zodiacal light. We find that a 1.5-m space telescope with a MSA slit device combined with a custom orbit enabling long, uninterrupted exposures (similar to 10 hr) are optimal for this spectroscopic survey. GESE will not be operating alone in this endeavor. Together with x-ray telescopes and optical/near-IR telescopes like Subaru/Prime Focus Spectrograph, GESE will detect " feedback" from young massive stars and massive black holes (AGN's), and other drivers of galaxy evolution. C1 [Heap, Sara] NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ninkov, Zoran] Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester Inst Tech, 1 Lomb Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Robberto, Massimo] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hull, Tony] Univ New Mexico, 1155 Univ Blvd SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Purves, Lloyd] NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 599, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Heap, S (reprint author), NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 667, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Sara.Heap@Gmail.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR 990505 DI 10.1117/12.2234235 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500004 ER PT S AU Hill, JE Black, JK Jahoda, K Tamagawa, T Iwakiri, W Kitaguchi, T Kubota, M Kaaret, P McCurdy, R Miles, DM Okajima, T Soong, Y Olsen, L Sparr, L Mosely, SJ Nolan, D AF Hill, J. E. Black, J. K. Jahoda, K. Tamagawa, T. Iwakiri, W. Kitaguchi, T. Kubota, M. Kaaret, P. McCurdy, R. Miles, D. M. Okajima, T. Soong, Y. Olsen, L. Sparr, L. Mosely, S. J. Nolan, D. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The X-ray Polarimeter Instrument on board the Polarimeter for Relativistic Astrophysical X-ray Sources (PRAXyS) Mission SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Polarimeter; grazing incidence mirrors; polarization; PRAXyS ID CRAB-NEBULA; POLARIZATION AB The Polarimeter for Relativistic Astrophysical X-ray Sources (PRAXyS) is one of three Small Explorer (SMEX) missions selected by NASA for Phase A study. The PRAXyS observatory carries an X-ray Polarimeter Instrument (XPI) capable of measuring the linear polarization from a variety of high energy sources, including black holes, neutron stars, and supernova remnants. The XPI is comprised of two identical mirror-Time Projection Chamber (TPC) polarimeter telescopes with a system effective area of 124 cm(2) at 3 keV, capable of photon limited observations for sources as faint as 1 mCrab. The XPI is built with well-established technologies. This paper will describe the performance of the XPI flight mirror with the engineering test unit polarimeter. C1 [Hill, J. E.; Jahoda, K.; Okajima, T.; Soong, Y.; Olsen, L.; Sparr, L.; Mosely, S. J.; Nolan, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Black, J. K.] Rock Creek Sci, 1400 East West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Tamagawa, T.; Iwakiri, W.; Kubota, M.] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kitaguchi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Kaaret, P.; McCurdy, R.; Miles, D. M.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Nolan, D.] SGT Inc, 7515 Mission Dr, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Hill, JE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM joanne.e.hill@nasa.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051B DI 10.1117/12.2233322 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500034 ER PT S AU Hossein, S Webster, C Fischer, D Shkolnik, E Nikzad, S Vasisht, G Traub, W AF Hossein, Sona Webster, Chris Fischer, Debra Shkolnik, Evgenya Nikzad, Shouleh Vasisht, Gautam Traub, Wesley BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Concept study for a compact homodyne astrophysics spectrometer for Exoplanets (CHASE) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Exoplanets; Spatial Homodyne Spectrometer; SHS; interferometry; spectrometry ID SPATIAL HETERODYNE SPECTROSCOPY; HD 209458B; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; ATMOSPHERE; EMISSION; 189733B; HUBBLE; MASS AB In this concept study, we are targeting to build a new instrument to sequentially observe exoplanet atmospheres and their parent's stellar spectra over a significant time in NUV and FUV. The Compact Homodyne Astrophysics Spectrometer for Exoplanets (CHASE) offers integrated spectra over a wide field-of-view (FOV similar to 40arcsec) in high spectral resolution (R>10(5)) in a miniaturized architecture using no (or a small < 1m) primary mirror. CHASE's wide FOV is compatible with the relaxed pointing requirements of current CubeSats and SmallSats which makes it readily qualifiable for space in a compact format and have the potential to enable major scientific breakthroughs. C1 [Hossein, Sona; Webster, Chris; Nikzad, Shouleh; Vasisht, Gautam; Traub, Wesley] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Fischer, Debra] Yale Univ, 260 Whitney,JW Gibbs 259, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Shkolnik, Evgenya] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA. RP Hossein, S (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990534 DI 10.1117/12.2233242 PN 1 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500091 ER PT S AU Ishikawa, S Shimizua, T Kano, R Bando, T Ishikawa, R Giono, G Beabout, DL Beabout, BL Nakayama, S Tajima, T AF Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke Shimizua, Toshifumi Kano, Ryohei Bando, Takamasa Ishikawa, Ryoko Giono, Gabriel Beabout, Dyana L. Beabout, Brent L. Nakayama, Satoshi Tajima, Takao CA CLASP Team BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI In-flight performance of the polarization modulator in the CLASP rocket experiment SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Sun; Vacuum ultraviolet; Magnetic fields; Polarization measurement ID MISSION AB We developed a polarization modulation unit (PMU), a motor system to rotate a waveplate continuously. In polarization measurements, the continuous rotating waveplate is an important element as well as a polarization analyzer to record the incident polarization in a time series of camera exposures. The control logic of PMU was originally developed for the next Japanese solar observation satellite SOLAR-C by the SOLAR-C working group. We applied this PMU for the Chromospheric Lyman - alpha SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP). CLASP is a sounding rocket experiment to observe the linear polarization of the Lyman - alpha emission (121.6 nm vacuum ultraviolet) from the upper chromosphere and transition region of the Sun with a high polarization sensitivity of 0.1 % for the first time and investigate their vector magnetic field by the Hanle effect. The driver circuit was developed to optimize the rotation for the CLASP waveplate (12.5 rotations per minute). Rotation non uniformity of the waveplate causes error in the polarization degree (i.e. scale error) and crosstalk between Stokes components. We confirmed that PMU has superior rotation uniformity in the ground test and the scale error and crosstalk of Stokes Q and U are less than 0.01 %. After PMU was attached to the CLASP instrument, we performed vibration tests and confirmed all PMU functions performance including rotation uniformity did not change. CLASP was successfully launched on September 3, 2015, and PMU functioned well as designed. PMU achieved a good rotation uniformity, and the high precision polarization measurement of CLASP was successfully achieved. C1 [Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke; Shimizua, Toshifumi] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Kano, Ryohei; Bando, Takamasa; Ishikawa, Ryoko; Giono, Gabriel] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Beabout, Dyana L.; Beabout, Brent L.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Nakayama, Satoshi; Tajima, Takao] Mitsubishi Precis Co Ltd, Kamakura, Kanagawa 2478505, Japan. RP Ishikawa, S (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. EM s.ishikawa@solar.isas.jaxa.jp NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99052U DI 10.1117/12.2232278 PN 1 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500081 ER PT S AU Ishisaki, Y Yamada, S Seta, H Tashiro, MS Takeda, S Terada, Y Kato, Y Tsujimoto, M Koyama, S Mitsuda, K Sawada, M Boyce, KR Chiao, MP Watanabe, T Leutenegger, MA Eckart, ME Porter, FS Kilbourne, CA Kelley, RL AF Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Yamada, Shinya Seta, Hiromi Tashiro, Makoto S. Takeda, Sawako Terada, Yukikatsu Kato, Yuka Tsujimoto, Masahiro Koyama, Shu Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Sawada, Makoto Boyce, Kevin R. Chiao, Meng P. Watanabe, Tomomi Leutenegger, Maurice A. Eckart, Megan E. Porter, F. Scott Kilbourne, Caroline A. Kelley, Richard L. CA ASTRO-H SXS Team BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI In-flight performance of pulse processing system of the ASTRO-H soft x-ray spectrometer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray; microcalorimeter; pulse processing AB We summarize results of the initial in-orbit performance of the pulse shape processor (PSP) of the soft x-ray spectrometer instrument onboard ASTRO-H (Hitomi). Event formats, kind of telemetry, and the pulse processing parameters are described, and the parameter settings in orbit are listed. PSP was powered-on two days after launch, and the event threshold was lowered in orbit. PSP worked fine in orbit, and there were no memory error nor SpaceWire communication error until the break-up of spacecraft. Time assignment, electrical crosstalk, and the event screening criteria are studied. It is confirmed that the event processing rate at 100% CPU load is similar to 200 c/s/array, compliant with the requirement on PSP. C1 [Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Yamada, Shinya; Seta, Hiromi] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Tashiro, Makoto S.; Takeda, Sawako; Terada, Yukikatsu; Kato, Yuka] Saitama Univ, Sakura Ku, 255 Shimo Okubo, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Koyama, Shu; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa] ISAS JAXA, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Boyce, Kevin R.; Chiao, Meng P.; Watanabe, Tomomi; Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Eckart, Megan E.; Porter, F. Scott; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Kelley, Richard L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Ishisaki, Y (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. EM ishisaki@tmu.ac.jp NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053T DI 10.1117/12.2234222 PN 1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500114 ER PT S AU Jackson, BD van Weers, H van der Kuur, J den Hartog, R Akamatsu, H Argan, A Bandler, SR Barbera, M Barret, D Bruijn, MP Chervenak, JA Dercksen, J Gatti, F Gottardi, L Haas, D den Herder, JW Kilbourne, CA Kiviranta, M Lam-Trong, T van Leeuwen, BJ Macculi, C Piro, L Smith, SJ AF Jackson, B. D. van Weers, H. van der Kuur, J. den Hartog, R. Akamatsu, H. Argan, A. Bandler, S. R. Barbera, M. Barret, D. Bruijn, M. P. Chervenak, J. A. Dercksen, J. Gatti, F. Gottardi, L. Haas, D. den Herder, J. -W. Kilbourne, C. A. Kiviranta, M. Lam-Trong, T. van Leeuwen, B. -J. Macculi, C. Piro, L. Smith, S. J. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The focal plane assembly for the Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit instrument SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray microcalorimeter; transition edge sensor; cryogenic anti-coincidence detector; SQUID amplifier; frequency division multiplexing; Athena; X-IFU; focal plane assembly ID ARRAYS; SAFARI; MICROCALORIMETERS; READOUT AB This paper summarizes a preliminary design concept for the focal plane assembly of the X-ray Integral Field Unit on the Athena spacecraft, an imaging microcalorimeter that will enable high spectral resolution imaging and point-source spectroscopy. The instrument's sensor array will be a similar to 3840-pixel transition edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array, with a frequency domain multiplexed SQUID readout system allowing this large-format sensor array to be operated within the thermal constraints of the instrument's cryogenic system. A second TES detector will be operated in close proximity to the sensor array to detect cosmic rays and secondary particles passing through the sensor array for off-line coincidence detection to identify and reject events caused by the in-orbit high-energy particle background. The detectors, operating at 55 mK, or less, will be thermally isolated from the instrument cryostat's 2 K stage, while shielding and filtering within the FPA will allow the instrument's sensitive sensor array to be operated in the expected environment during both on-ground testing and in-flight operation, including straylight from the cryostat environment, low-energy photons entering through the X-ray aperture, low-frequency magnetic fields, and high-frequency electric fields. C1 [Jackson, B. D.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Landleven 12, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands. [van Weers, H.; van der Kuur, J.; den Hartog, R.; Akamatsu, H.; Bruijn, M. P.; Dercksen, J.; Gottardi, L.; Haas, D.; den Herder, J. -W.; van Leeuwen, B. -J.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Argan, A.; Macculi, C.; Piro, L.] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali Roma, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Bandler, S. R.; Chervenak, J. A.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Smith, S. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Barbera, M.] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Chim & Fis, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy. [Barbera, M.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Palermo, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Barret, D.] IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Gatti, F.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Kiviranta, M.] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Tietotie 3, Espoo 02150, Finland. [Lam-Trong, T.] CNES, Toulouse, France. RP Jackson, BD (reprint author), SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Landleven 12, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands. EM b.d.jackson@sron.nl NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99052I DI 10.1117/12.2232544 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500071 ER PT S AU Jahoda, K Kallman, TR Kouveliotou, C Angelini, L Black, JK Hill, JE Jaeger, T Kaaret, PE Markwardt, CB Okajima, T Petre, R Schnittman, J Soong, Y Strohmayer, TE Tamagawa, T Tawara, Y AF Jahoda, Keith Kallman, Timothy R. Kouveliotou, Chryssa Angelini, Lorella Black, J. Kevin Hill, Joanne E. Jaeger, Theodore Kaaret, Philip E. Markwardt, Craig B. Okajima, Takashi Petre, Robert Schnittman, Jeremy Soong, Yang Strohmayer, Tod E. Tamagawa, Tori Tawara, Yuzuru BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The Polarimeter for Relativistic Astrophysical X-ray Sources SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray Polarimetry; Small Explorer ID CRAB-NEBULA; BLACK-HOLES; POLARIZATION AB The Polarimeter for Relativistic Astrophysical X-ray Sources (PRAXyS) is one of three Small Explorer (SMEX) missions selected by NASA for Phase A study, with a launch date in 2020. The PRAXyS Observatory exploits grazing incidence X-ray mirrors and Time Projection Chamber Polarimeters capable of measuring the linear polarization of cosmic X-ray sources in the 2-10 keV band. PRAXyS combines well-characterized instruments with spacecraft rotation to ensure low systematic errors. The PRAXyS payload is developed at the Goddard Space Flight Center with the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Iowa, and RIKEN (JAXA) collaborating on the Polarimeter Assembly. The LEOStar-2 spacecraft bus is developed by Orbital ATK, which also supplies the extendable optical bench that enables the Observatory to be compatible with a Pegasus class launch vehicle. A nine month primary mission will provide sensitive observations of multiple black hole and neutron star sources, where theory predicts polarization is a strong diagnostic, as well as exploratory observations of other high energy sources. The primary mission data will be released to the community rapidly and a Guest Observer extended mission will be vigorously proposed. C1 [Jahoda, Keith; Kallman, Timothy R.; Angelini, Lorella; Black, J. Kevin; Hill, Joanne E.; Markwardt, Craig B.; Okajima, Takashi; Petre, Robert; Schnittman, Jeremy; Soong, Yang; Strohmayer, Tod E.] NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kouveliotou, Chryssa] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Black, J. Kevin] Rock Creek Sci, 1400 East West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Jaeger, Theodore] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Kaaret, Philip E.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Soong, Yang] Univ Space Res Assoc, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Tamagawa, Tori] RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Tawara, Yuzuru] Nagoya Univ, Dept Astrophys, Chikusa Ku, Furo, Japan. RP Jahoda, K (reprint author), NASAs, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM keith.m.jahoda@nasa.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990516 DI 10.1117/12.2234220 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500031 ER PT S AU Kelley, RL Akamatsu, H Azzarell, P Bialas, T Boyce, KR Brown, GV Canavan, E Chiao, MP Costantini, E DiPirro, MJ Eckart, ME Ezoe, Y Fujimoto, R Haas, D den Herder, JW Hoshino, A Ishikawa, K Ishisaki, Y Iyomoto, N Kilbourne, CA Kimball, M Kitamoto, S Konami, S Koyama, S Leutenegger, MA McCammon, D Miko, J Mitsuda, K Mitsuishi, I Moseley, H Murakami, H Murakami, M Noda, H Ogawa, M Ohashi, T Okamoto, A Ota, N Paltani, S Porter, FS Sakai, K Sato, K Sato, Y Sawada, M Seta, H Shinozaki, K Shirron, PJ Sneiderman, GA Sugita, H Szymkowiak, AE Takei, Y Tamagawa, T Tashiro, M Terada, Y Tsujimoto, M de Vries, CP Yamada, S Yamasaki, NY Yatsu, Y AF Kelley, Richard L. Akamatsu, Hiroki Azzarell, Phillipp Bialas, Tom Boyce, Kevin R. Brown, Gregory V. Canavan, Edgar Chiao, Meng P. Costantini, Elisa DiPirro, Michael J. Eckart, Megan E. Ezoe, Yuichiro Fujimoto, Ryuichi Haas, Daniel den Herder, Jan-Willem Hoshino, Akio Ishikawa, Kumi Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Iyomoto, Naoko Kilbourne, Caroline A. Kimball, Mark Kitamoto, Shunji Konami, Saori Koyama, Shu Leutenegger, Maurice A. McCammon, Dan Miko, Joseph Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Moseley, Harvey Murakami, Hiroshi Murakami, Masahide Noda, Hirofumi Ogawa, Mina Ohashi, Takaya Okamoto, Atsushi Ota, Naomi Paltani, Stephane Porter, F. Scott Sakai, Kazuhiro Sato, Kosuke Sato, Yohichi Sawada, Makoto Seta, Hiromi Shinozaki, Keisuke Shirron, Peter J. Sneiderman, Gary A. Sugita, Hiroyuki Szymkowiak, Andrew E. Takei, Yoh Tamagawa, Toni Tashiro, Makoto Terada, Yukikatsu Tsujimoto, Masahiro de Vries, Cor P. Yamada, Shinya Yamasaki, Noriko Y. Yatsu, Yoichi BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The Astro-H High Resolution Soft X-Ray Spectrometer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Detectors; x-rays; calorimeters; spectrometers; instruments; missions AB We present the overall design and performance of the Astro-H (Hitomi) Soft X-Ray Spectrometer (SXS). The instrument uses a 36-pixel array of x-ray microcalorimeters at the focus of a grazing-incidence x-ray mirror Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT) for high-resolution spectroscopy of celestial x-ray sources. The instrument was designed to achieve an energy resolution better than 7 eV over the 0.3-12 keV energy range and operate for more than 3 years in orbit. The actual energy resolution of the instrument is 4-5 eV as demonstrated during extensive ground testing prior to launch and in orbit. The measured mass flow rate of the liquid helium cryogen and initial fill level at launch predict a lifetime of more than 4 years assuming steady mechanical cooler performance. Cryogen-free operation was successfully demonstrated prior to launch. The successful operation of the SXS in orbit, including the first observations of the velocity structure of the Perseus cluster of galaxies, demonstrates the viability and power of this technology as a tool for astrophysics. C1 [Kelley, Richard L.; Bialas, Tom; Boyce, Kevin R.; Canavan, Edgar; Chiao, Meng P.; DiPirro, Michael J.; Eckart, Megan E.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Kimball, Mark; Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Miko, Joseph; Moseley, Harvey; Porter, F. Scott; Shirron, Peter J.; Sneiderman, Gary A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Akamatsu, Hiroki; Costantini, Elisa; Haas, Daniel; den Herder, Jan-Willem; de Vries, Cor P.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Azzarell, Phillipp; Paltani, Stephane] Univ Genoa, Dept Astron, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Brown, Gregory V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Chiao, Meng P.; Leutenegger, Maurice A.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Ezoe, Yuichiro; Konami, Saori; Ohashi, Takaya; Seta, Hiromi; Yamada, Shinya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Hoshino, Akio; Kitamoto, Shunji] Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Ishikawa, Kumi; Tamagawa, Toni] RIKEN Nishina Ctr, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Ishisaki, Yoshitaka] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Iyomoto, Naoko] Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. [Koyama, Shu; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Ogawa, Mina; Takei, Yoh; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Murakami, Hiroshi] Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Dept Informat Sci, Fac Liberal Arts, Sendai, Miyagi 9813193, Japan. [Murakami, Masahide] Kindai Univ, Dept Architecture, Osaka 5778502, Japan. [Noda, Hirofumi; Sato, Yohichi] Tohoku Univ, Frontier Res Inst Interdisciplinary Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Okamoto, Atsushi; Shinozaki, Keisuke; Sugita, Hiroyuki] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Tsukuba Space Ctr TKSC, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Ota, Naomi] Nara Womens Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Nara 6308506, Japan. [Sakai, Kazuhiro] Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Sato, Kosuke] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Szymkowiak, Andrew E.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Tashiro, Makoto; Terada, Yukikatsu] Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Yatsu, Yoichi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. EM Richard.L.Kelley@nasa.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050V DI 10.1117/12.2232509 PN 1 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500020 ER PT S AU Kilbourne, CA Adams, JS Arsenovic, P Ayers, T Chiao, MP DiPirro, MJ Eckart, ME Fujimoto, R Kazeva, JD Kelley, RL Kripps, KL Lairson, B Leutenegger, MA Lopez, H McCammon, D McGuinness, DS Mitsuda, K Moseley, SJ Porter, FS Schweiss, AN Takei, Y Thorpe, RS Watanabe, T Yamasaki, NY Yoshida, S AF Kilbourne, Caroline A. Adams, Joseph S. Arsenovic, Petar Ayers, Travis Chiao, Meng P. DiPirro, Michael J. Eckart, Megan E. Fujimoto, Ryuichi Kazeva, John D. Kelley, Richard L. Kripps, Kari L. Lairson, Bruce Leutenegger, Maurice A. Lopez, Heidi McCammon, Dan McGuinness, Daniel S. Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Moseley, Samuel J. Porter, F. Scott Schweiss, Andrea N. Takei, Yoh Thorpe, Rosemary S. Watanabe, Tomomi Yamasaki, Noriko Y. Yoshida, Seiji BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The design, implementation, and performance of the Astro-H SXS aperture assembly and blocking filters SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE x-ray calorimeter; microcalorimeter; radiation-blocking filters; aperture cylinder; Astro-H; Hitomi; SXS AB The calorimeter array of the JAXA Astro-H (renamed Hitomi) Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) was designed to provide unprecedented spectral resolution of spatially extended cosmic x-ray sources and of all cosmic x-ray sources in the Fe-K band around 6 keV, enabling essential plasma diagnostics. The properties that make the SXS array a powerful x-ray spectrometer also make it sensitive to photons from the entire electromagnetic band, and particles as well. If characterized as a bolometer, it would have a noise equivalent power (NEP) of < 4x10(-18) W/(Hz)(0.5). Thus it was imperative to shield the detector from thermal radiation from the instrument and optical and UV photons from the sky. Additionally, it was necessary to shield the coldest stages of the instrument from the thermal radiation emanating from the warmer stages. Both of these needs are addressed by a series of five thin-film radiation-blocking filters, anchored to the nested temperature stages, that block long-wavelength radiation while minimizing x-ray attenuation. The aperture assembly is a system of barriers, baffles, filter carriers, and filter mounts that supports the filters and inhibits their potential contamination. The three outer filters also have been equipped with thermometers and heaters for decontamination. We present the requirements, design, implementation, and performance of the SXS aperture assembly and blocking filters. C1 [Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Adams, Joseph S.; Arsenovic, Petar; Chiao, Meng P.; DiPirro, Michael J.; Eckart, Megan E.; Kazeva, John D.; Kelley, Richard L.; Leutenegger, Maurice A.; McGuinness, Daniel S.; Moseley, Samuel J.; Porter, F. Scott; Schweiss, Andrea N.; Thorpe, Rosemary S.; Watanabe, Tomomi] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Adams, Joseph S.; Chiao, Meng P.; Leutenegger, Maurice A.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Ayers, Travis; Lairson, Bruce; Lopez, Heidi] Luxel Corp, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Kazeva, John D.] SGT Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Kripps, Kari L.; McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Takei, Yoh; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.] ISAS JAXA, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Moseley, Samuel J.] ADNET Syst Inc, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Thorpe, Rosemary S.] Bastion Technol Inc, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Watanabe, Tomomi] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Yoshida, Seiji] Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd, 5-2 Soubiraki Cho, Niihama, Ehime 7928588, Japan. RP Kilbourne, CA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM caroline.a.kilbourne@nasa.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053Q DI 10.1117/12.2232240 PN 1 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500111 ER PT S AU Kilbourne, CA Adams, JS Brekosky, RP Chervenak, JA Chiao, MP Eckart, ME Figueroa-Feliciano, E Galeazzi, M Grein, C Jhabvala, CA Kelley, RL Kelly, DP Leutenegger, MA McCammon, D Porter, FS Szymkowiak, AE Watanabe, T Zhao, J AF Kilbourne, Caroline A. Adams, Joseph S. Brekosky, Regis P. Chervenak, James A. Chiao, Meng P. Eckart, Mean E. Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali Galeazzi, Masimilliano Grein, Christoph Jhabvala, Christine A. Kelley, Richard L. Kelly, Daniel P. Leutenegger, Maurice A. McCammon, Dan Porter, F. Scott Szymkowiak, Andrew E. Watanabe, Tomomi Zhao, Jun BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The design, implementation, and performance of the Astro-H SXS calorimeter array and anti-coincidence detector SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE microcalorimeter; x-ray calorimeter; anticoincidence detector; Astro-H; Hitomi; SXS; x-ray spectroscopy ID MICROCALORIMETER ARRAYS; RAY; SILICON; HEAT; XRS AB The calorimeter array of the JAXA Astro-H (renamed Hitomi) Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) was designed to provide unprecedented spectral resolution of spatially extended cosmic x-ray sources and of all cosmic x-ray sources in the Fe-K band around 6 keV, enabling essential plasma diagnostics. The SXS has a square array of 36 microcalorimeters at the focal plane. These calorimeters consist of ion-implanted silicon thermistors and HgTe thermalizing x-ray absorbers. These devices have demonstrated a resolution of better than 4.5 eV at 6 keV when operated at a heat-sink temperature of 50 mK. We will discuss the basic physical parameters of this array, including the array layout, thermal conductance of the link to the heat sink, resistance function, absorber details, and means of attaching the absorber to the thermistorbearing element. We will also present the thermal characterization of the whole array, including thermal conductance and crosstalk measurements and the results of pulsing the frame temperature via alpha particles, heat pulses, and the environmental background. A silicon ionization detector is located behind the calorimeter array and serves to reject events due to cosmic rays. We will briefly describe this anti-coincidence detector and its performance. C1 [Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Adams, Joseph S.; Chervenak, James A.; Chiao, Meng P.; Eckart, Mean E.; Jhabvala, Christine A.; Kelley, Richard L.; Kelly, Daniel P.; Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Porter, F. Scott; Watanabe, Tomomi] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Adams, Joseph S.; Chiao, Meng P.; Leutenegger, Maurice A.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Brekosky, Regis P.] MEI Technol Inc, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Figueroa-Feliciano, Enectali] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Galeazzi, Masimilliano] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Grein, Christoph; Zhao, Jun] EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. [Kelly, Daniel P.] ASRC Fed Space & Def Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Szymkowiak, Andrew E.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Watanabe, Tomomi] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Kilbourne, CA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM caroline.a.kilbourne@nasa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053L-1 DI 10.1117/12.2231415 PN 1 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500106 ER PT S AU Kurashima, S Furuzawa, A Sato, TK Kikuchi, N Nakaniwa, N Maeda, Y Ishida, M Izuka, R Okajima, T Mori, H Matsumoto, H Tamura, K Ishibashi, K Hayashi, T Miyazawa, T Maejima, M Yoshikawa, S AF Kurashima, Sho Furuzawa, Akihiro Sato, Toshi Ki Kikuchi, Naomichi Nakaniwa, Nozomi Maeda, Yoshitomo Ishida, Manabu Izuka, Ryo Okajima, Takashi Mori, Hideyuki Matsumoto, Hironori Tamura, Keisuke Ishibashi, Kazunori Hayashi, Takayuki Miyazawa, Takuya Maejima, Masato Yoshikawa, Shun BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Reflectivity around the gold M-edges of x-ray reflector of the Soft X-ray Telescope onboard ASTRO-H SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE ASTRO-H; X-ray optics; Soft X-ray Telescope; Reflectivity; Atomic scattering factor ID SUZAKU AB The X-ray astronomy satellite ASTRO-H are equipped with two equivalent soft X-ray telescopes (SXT-I and SXT-S) which cover the energy band 0.3-12 keV. The X-ray reflectors of the SXTs are coated with a gold monolayer by means of the replication technique (Okajima et al. in this volume). A series of gold M absorption edges in the 2-4 keV band causes complex structures in the energy response of the SXTs. In the same band, there are astrophysically important emission lines from Si, Ar and S. Since the SXS has unprecedentedly high spectral resolution, we have measured the reflectivity around the gold M-edges in an extremely fine energy pitch at the synchrotron radiation facility KEK PF BL11-B, with the 2 eV pitch in 2100 eV to 4100 eV band that covers the entire series of the absorption edges (M-I through M-V) at grazing incident angles to the reflectors of 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 degree, and with a finer pitch of 0.25 eV in the 2200 eV to 2350 eV band where the two deepest M-IV and M-V edges are included. In the resultant reflectivity curves, we have clearly identified the fine structures associated with all the M-edges. Using these data, we calculated atomic scattering factor f1 as a function of X-ray energy, with which we have built the mirror response function which can be applied to the Suzaku spectra. As a result, we have found that discrepancy of the spectral model to the Suzaku data of 4U1630-472 (a black hole transient) and the Crab nebula around the M-edges are significantly reduced from those with the official Suzaku response. C1 [Kurashima, Sho; Sato, Toshi Ki; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Nakaniwa, Nozomi] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Kurashima, Sho; Sato, Toshi Ki; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Nakaniwa, Nozomi; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Ishida, Manabu; Izuka, Ryo] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Furuzawa, Akihiro; Matsumoto, Hironori; Tamura, Keisuke; Ishibashi, Kazunori; Hayashi, Takayuki; Miyazawa, Takuya; Maejima, Masato; Yoshikawa, Shun] Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Okajima, Takashi; Mori, Hideyuki; Hayashi, Takayuki] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Kurashima, S (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan.; Kurashima, S (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM kurasima@astro.isas.jaxa.jp NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053Y DI 10.1117/12.2231173 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500118 ER PT S AU LaMarr, B Prigozhin, G Remillard, R Malonis, A Gendreau, KC Arzoumanian, Z Markwardt, CB Baumgartner, WH AF LaMarr, Beverly Prigozhin, Gregory Remillard, Ronald Malonis, Andrew Gendreau, Keith C. Arzoumanian, Zaven Markwardt, Craig B. Baumgartner, Wayne H. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Ground Calibration of the Silicon Drift Detectors for NICER SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Silicon Drift Detectors; X-rays; timing spectroscopy; calibration AB The Neutron star Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER) is set to be deployed on the International Space Station (ISS) in early 2017. It will use an array of 56 Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) to detect soft X-rays (0.2 - 12 keV) with 100 nanosecond timing resolution. Here we describe the effort to calibrate the detectors in the lab primarily using a Modulated X-ray Source (MXS). The MXS that was customized for NICER provides more than a dozen emission lines spread over the instrument bandwidth, providing calibration measurements for detector gain and spectral resolution. In addition, the fluorescence source in the MXS was pulsed at high frequency to enable measurement of the delay due to charge collection in the silicon and signal processing in the detector electronics. A second chamber, designed to illuminate detectors with either Fe-55, an optical LED, or neither, provided additional calibration of detector response, optical blocking, and effectiveness of background rejection techniques. The overall ground calibration achieved total operating time that was generally in the range of 500-1500 hours for each of the 56 detectors. C1 [LaMarr, Beverly; Prigozhin, Gregory; Remillard, Ronald; Malonis, Andrew] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gendreau, Keith C.; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Markwardt, Craig B.; Baumgartner, Wayne H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP LaMarr, B (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99054W DI 10.1117/12.2232784 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500139 ER PT S AU Leutenegger, MA Audard, M Boyce, KR Brown, GV Chiao, MP Eckart, ME Fujimoto, R Furuzawa, A Guainazzi, M Haas, D den Herder, JW Hayashi, T Iizuka, R Ishida, M Ishisaki, Y Kelley, RL Kikuchig, N Kilbourne, CA Koyama, S Kurashima, S Maeda, Y Markevitch, M McCammon, D Mitsuda, K Mori, H Nakaniwa, N Okajima, T Paltani, S Petre, R Porter, FS Sato, K Sato, T Sawada, M Serlemitsos, PJ Seta, H Sneiderman, G Soong, Y Sugita, S Szymkowiak, AE Takei, Y Tashiro, M Tawara, Y Tsujimoto, M de Vries, CP Watanabe, T Yamada, S Yamasaki, N AF Leutenegger, Maurice A. Audard, Marc Boyce, Kevin R. Brown, Gregory V. Chiao, Meng P. Eckart, Megan E. Fujimoto, Ryuichi Furuzawa, Akihiro Guainazzi, Matteo Haas, Daniel den Herder, Jan-Willem Hayashi, Takayuki Iizuka, Ryo Ishida, Manabu Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Kelley, Richard L. Kikuchig, Naomichi Kilbourne, Caroline A. Koyama, Shu Kurashima, Sho Maeda, Yoshitomo Markevitch, Maxim McCammon, Dan Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Mori, Hideyuki Nakaniwa, Nozomi Okajima, Takashi Paltani, Stephane Petre, Robert Porter, F. Scott Sato, Kosuke Sato, Toshiki Sawada, Makoto Serlemitsos, Peter J. Seta, Hiromi Sneiderman, Gary Soong, Yang Sugita, Satoshi Szymkowiak, Andrew E. Takei, Yoh Tashiro, Makoto Tawara, Yuzuru Tsujimoto, Masahiro de Vries, Cor P. Watanabe, Tomomi Yamada, Shinya Yamasaki, Noriko BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI In-flight verification of the calibration and performance of the ASTRO-H (Hitomi) Soft X-ray Spectrometer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray calorimeter AB The Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard the Astro-H (Hitomi) orbiting x-ray observatory featured an array of 36 silicon thermistor x-ray calorimeters optimized to perform high spectral resolution x-ray imaging spectroscopy of astrophysical sources in the 0.3-12 keV band. Extensive pre-flight calibration measurements are the basis for our modeling of the pulse-height-energy relation and energy resolution for each pixel and event grade, telescope collecting area, detector efficiency, and pulse arrival time. Because of the early termination of mission operations, we needed to extract the maximum information from observations performed only days into the mission when the onboard calibration sources had not yet been commissioned and the dewar was still coming into thermal equilibrium, so our technique for reconstructing the per-pixel time-dependent pulse-height-energy relation had to be modified. The gain scale was reconstructed using a combination of an absolute energy scale calibration at a single time using a fiducial from an onboard radioactive source, and calibration of a dominant time-dependent gain drift component using a dedicated calibration pixel, as well as a residual time-dependent variation using spectra from the Perseus cluster of galaxies. The energy resolution was also measured using the onboard radioactive sources. It is consistent with instrument-level measurements accounting for the modest increase in noise due to spacecraft systems interference. We use observations of two pulsars to validate our models of the telescope area and detector efficiency, and to derive a more accurate value for the thickness of the gate valve Be window, which had not been opened by the time mission operations ceased. We use observations of the Crab pulsar to refine the pixel-to-pixel timing and validate the absolute timing. C1 [Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Boyce, Kevin R.; Chiao, Meng P.; Eckart, Megan E.; Hayashi, Takayuki; Kelley, Richard L.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Markevitch, Maxim; Mori, Hideyuki; Okajima, Takashi; Petre, Robert; Porter, F. Scott; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Sneiderman, Gary; Soong, Yang; Watanabe, Tomomi] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Chiao, Meng P.] CRESST, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Chiao, Meng P.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Audard, Marc; Paltani, Stephane] Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Brown, Gregory V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Furuzawa, Akihiro; Hayashi, Takayuki; Tawara, Yuzuru] Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Guainazzi, Matteo; Iizuka, Ryo; Ishida, Manabu; Kikuchig, Naomichi; Koyama, Shu; Kurashima, Sho; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Nakaniwa, Nozomi; Sato, Toshiki; Takei, Yoh; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Yamasaki, Noriko] ISAS, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. [Haas, Daniel; den Herder, Jan-Willem; de Vries, Cor P.] SRON, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Seta, Hiromi; Yamada, Shinya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sato, Kosuke] Tokyo Univ Sci, Tokyo 162, Japan. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Sugita, Satoshi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo, Japan. [Szymkowiak, Andrew E.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Tashiro, Makoto] Saitama Univ, Saitama, Saitama, Japan. RP Leutenegger, MA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Leutenegger, MA (reprint author), CRESST, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Leutenegger, MA (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM maurice.a.leutenegger@nasa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053U DI 10.1117/12.2234230 PN 1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500115 ER PT S AU Maeda, Y Kikuchi, N Kurashima, S Ishida, M Iizuka, R Hayashi, T Okajima, T Matsumoto, H Mitsuishi, I Saji, S Sato, T Tachibana, S Mori, H Christensen, F Brejnholt, N Nitta, K Uruga, T AF Maeda, Yoshitomo Kikuchi, Naomichi Kurashima, Sho Ishida, Manabu Iizuka, Ryo Hayashi, Takayuki Okajima, Takashi Matsumoto, Hironori Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Saji, Shigetaka Sato, Toshiki Tachibana, Sasagu Mori, Hideyuki Christensen, Finn Brejnholt, Nicolai Nitta, Kiyofumi Uruga, Tomoya BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Reflectivity around the gold L-edges of x-ray reflector of the soft x-ray telescope onboard ASTRO-H SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-rays; ASTRO-H/Hitomi; Soft X-ray Telescopes (SXTs); Wolter Type-I optics; stray lights AB We report the atomic scattering factor in the 11.2-15.4 keV for the ASTRO-H Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT)(9) obtained in the ground based measurements. The large effective area of the SXT covers above 10 keV. In fact, the flight data show the spectra of the celestical objects in the hard X-ray band. In order to model the area, the reflectivity measurements in the 11.2-15.4 keV band with the energy pitch of 0.4 - 0.7 eV were made in the synchrotron beamline Spring-8 BL01B1. We obtained atomic scattering factors f1 and f2 by the curve fitting to the reflectivities of our witness sample. The edges associated with the gold's L-I, II, and III transitions are identified, of which the depths are found to be roughly 60% shallower than those expected from the Henke's atomic scattering factor. C1 [Maeda, Yoshitomo; Ishida, Manabu; Iizuka, Ryo] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Maeda, Yoshitomo; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Kurashima, Sho; Ishida, Manabu; Sato, Toshiki] Grad Univ Adv Studies, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Kikuchi, Naomichi; Kurashima, Sho; Ishida, Manabu; Sato, Toshiki] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Hayashi, Takayuki; Okajima, Takashi; Mori, Hideyuki] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hayashi, Takayuki; Matsumoto, Hironori; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Saji, Shigetaka; Tachibana, Sasagu] Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Christensen, Finn] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Brejnholt, Nicolai] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Nitta, Kiyofumi; Uruga, Tomoya] JASRI SPring 8, Sayo Cho, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. RP Maeda, Y (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.; Maeda, Y (reprint author), Grad Univ Adv Studies, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. EM hzuka@astro.isas.jaxa.jp NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053Z DI 10.1117/12.2232727 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500119 ER PT S AU Matsurnoto, H Awaki, H Furuzaw, A Ishida, M Kunieda, H Haba, Y Hayashi, T Iizuka, R Ishibashi, K Itoh, M Kosaka, T Maeda, Y Mitsuishi, I Miyazawa, T Mori, H Nagano, H Namba, Y Ogasaka, Y Ogi, K Okajima, T Sugita, S Suzuki, Y Tamura, K Tawara, Y Uesugi, K Yamauchi, S AF Matsurnoto, H. Awaki, H. Furuzaw, A. Ishida, M. Kunieda, H. Haba, Y. Hayashi, T. Iizuka, R. Ishibashi, K. Itoh, M. Kosaka, T. Maeda, Y. Mitsuishi, I. Miyazawa, T. Mori, H. Nagano, H. Namba, Y. Ogasaka, Y. Ogi, K. Okajima, T. Sugita, S. Suzuki, Y. Tamura, K. Tawara, Y. Uesugi, K. Yamauchi, S. CA HXT Team BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Ray-tracing simulation and in-orbit performance of the ASTRO-H Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray telescope; X-ray optics; X-ray astronomy; Hitomi (ASTRO-H) AB A ray-trace simulation code for the Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) on board the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) satellite is being developed. The half power diameter and effective area simulated based on the code are consistent with ground measurements within 10%. The HXT observed the pulsar wind nebula G21.5-0.9 for 105 ksec. We confirmed that the encircled energy function and the half power diameter obtained from the data are consistent with the ground measurements. C1 [Matsurnoto, H.] Nagoya Univ, KMI, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Awaki, H.; Ogi, K.] Ehime Univ, Matsuyama, Ehime 790, Japan. [Furuzaw, A.] Fujita Hlth Univ, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan. [Ishida, M.; Iizuka, R.; Maeda, Y.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan. [Kunieda, H.; Hayashi, T.; Ishibashi, K.; Mitsuishi, I.; Tamura, K.; Tawara, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Haba, Y.] Aichi Univ Educ, Kariya, Aichi, Japan. [Itoh, M.] Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. [Kosaka, T.] Kochi Univ Technol, Kami, Kochi, Japan. [Miyazawa, T.] Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol Grad Univ, Onna, Okinawa, Japan. [Mori, H.; Okajima, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Nagano, H.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Technol, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Namba, Y.] Chubu Univ, Kasugai, Aichi 487, Japan. [Ogasaka, Y.] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan. [Sugita, S.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo, Japan. [Suzuki, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. [Uesugi, K.] Japan Synchrotron Radiat Res Inst, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan. [Yamauchi, S.] Nara Womens Univ, Nara, Nara, Japan. RP Matsurnoto, H (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, KMI, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. EM matumoto@u.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990541 DI 10.1117/12.2232135 PN 1 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500120 ER PT S AU McClelland, RS Bonafede, JA Saha, TT Solly, PM Zhang, WW AF McClelland, Ryan S. Bonafede, Joseph A. Saha, Timo T. Solly, Peter M. Zhang, William W. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Design and analysis of an x-ray mirror assembly using the meta-shell approach SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE silicon mirrors; meta-shell; module; Mirror Assembly; NGXO; x-ray optics AB Lightweight and high resolution optics are needed for future space-based x-ray telescopes to achieve advances in high-energy astrophysics. Past missions such as Chandra and XMM-Newton have achieved excellent angular resolution using a full shell mirror approach. Other missions such as Suzaku and NuSTAR have achieved lightweight mirrors using a segmented approach. This paper describes a new approach, called meta-shells, which combines the fabrication advantages of segmented optics with the alignment advantages of full shell optics. Meta-shells are built by layering overlapping mirror segments onto a central structural shell. The resulting optic has the stiffness and rotational symmetry of a full shell, but with an order of magnitude greater collecting area. Several meta-shells so constructed can be integrated into a large x-ray mirror assembly by proven methods used for Chandra and XMM-Newton. The mirror segments are mounted to the meta-shell using a novel four point semi-kinematic mount. The four point mount deterministically locates the segment in its most performance sensitive degrees of freedom. Extensive analysis has been performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the four point mount and meta-shell approach. A mathematical model of a meta-shell constructed with mirror segments bonded at four points and subject to launch loads has been developed to determine the optimal design parameters, namely bond size, mirror segment span, and number of layers per meta-shell. The parameters of an example 1.3 m diameter mirror assembly are given including the predicted effective area. To verify the mathematical model and support opto-mechanical analysis, a detailed finite element model of a meta-shell was created. Finite element analysis predicts low gravity distortion and low sensitivity to thermal gradients. C1 [McClelland, Ryan S.; Bonafede, Joseph A.; Solly, Peter M.] SGT Inc, 7701 Greenbelt Rd,Suite 400, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Saha, Timo T.; Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP McClelland, RS (reprint author), SGT Inc, 7701 Greenbelt Rd,Suite 400, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. EM ryan.s.mcclelland@nasa.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99057A DI 10.1117/12.2234464 PN 1 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500200 ER PT S AU Miller, RS Lawrence, DJ Peplowski, PN Goldsten, JO Ozimek, MT Scott, CJ Leary, JC Grant, D Young, CA AF Miller, Richard S. Lawrence, David J. Peplowski, Patrick N. Goldsten, John O. Ozimek, Martin T. Scott, Christopher J. Leary, James C. Grant, Dave Young, C. Alex BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Ex luna, scientia: Lunar occultation as a paradigm for nuclear astrophysics SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Moon; Occultation; Nuclear; Gamma-Ray; Lunar; All-sky AB Next-generation nuclear astrophysics investigations must address a demanding set of requirements to probe the matter and energy life-cycle in our Galaxy and throughout the Cosmos. Enhanced flux sensitivity and (near) all-sky monitoring are just two of these requirements; cost effectiveness and other programmatic restrictions pose additional challenges. These competing goals can be addressed with a paradigm change, i.e. performing investigations from lunar orbit and utilizing a new detection and imaging technique. We report on our development of the Moon as a platform for nuclear astrophysics utilizing the Lunar Occultation Technique (LOT). Here source fluxes are temporally modulated as they are repeatedly occulted by the Moon; the modulation, as observed by a suitably configured instrument in lunar orbit, enables the detection, imaging, and characterization of both point- and extended-sources, narrow-line and broadband sources. Key benefits include maximizing the ratio of sensitive-to-total deployed mass and the operational simplicity relative to other detection schemes. A mission based on the LOT, the Lunar Occultation Explorer (LOX), will be the first to employ occultation as the principle method to characterize the intensity, variability, and spectra of detected sources. C1 [Miller, Richard S.] Univ Alabama, 301 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Lawrence, David J.; Peplowski, Patrick N.; Goldsten, John O.; Ozimek, Martin T.; Scott, Christopher J.; Leary, James C.; Grant, Dave] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Young, C. Alex] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MS USA. RP Miller, RS (reprint author), Univ Alabama, 301 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM richard.s.miller@uah.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99056B DI 10.1117/12.2232779 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500176 ER PT S AU Mori, K Tsuru, TG Nakazawa, K Ueda, Y Okajima, T Murakami, H Awaki, H Matsumoto, H Fukazawa, Y Tsunemi, H Takahashi, T Zhang, WW AF Mori, Koji Tsuru, Takeshi Go Nakazawa, Kazuhiro Ueda, Yoshihiro Okajima, Takashi Murakami, Hiroshi Awaki, Hisamitsu Matsumoto, Hironori Fukazawa, Yasushi Tsunemi, Hiroshi Takahashi, Tadayuki Zhang, William W. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI A broadband X-ray imaging spectroscopy with high-angular resolution: the FORCE mission SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray astronomy; Hard X-ray; Broadband; Imaging spectroscopy; Missions ID SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; GALACTIC RIDGE; BLACK-HOLE; EMISSION; PERFORMANCE; TELESCOPE; SHOCK; ACCELERATION; ASTRONOMY; ELECTRONS AB We are proposing FORCE (Focusing On Relativistic universe and Cosmic Evolution) as a future Japan-lead Xray observatory to be launched in the mid 2020s. Hitomi (ASTRO-H) possesses a suite of sensitive instruments enabling the highest energy-resolution spectroscopy in soft X-ray band, a broadband X-ray imaging spectroscopy in soft and hard X-ray bands, and further high energy coverage up to soft gamma-ray band. FORCE is the direct successor to the broadband X-ray imaging spectroscopy aspect of Hitomi (ASTRO-H) with significantly higher angular resolution. The current design of FORCE defines energy band pass of 1-80 keV with angular resolution of < 15'' in half-power diameter, achieving a 10 times higher sensitivity above 10 keV compared to any previous missions with simultaneous soft X-ray coverage. Our primary scientific objective is to trace the cosmic formation history by searching for "missing black holes" in various mass-scales: "buried supermassive black holes (SMBHs)" (> 10(4) M-circle dot) residing in the center of galaxies in a cosmological distance, "intermediate-mass black holes" (10(2)-10(4) M-circle dot) acting as the possible seeds from which SMBHs grow, and "orphan stellar-mass black holes" (< 10(2) M-circle dot) without companion in our Galaxy. In addition to these missing BHs, hunting for the nature of relativistic particles at various astrophysical shocks is also in our scope, utilizing the broadband X-ray coverage with high angular-resolution. FORCE are going to open a new era in these fields. The satellite is proposed to be launched with the Epsilon vehicle that is a Japanese current solid-fuel rocket. FORCE carries three identical pairs of Super-mirror and wide-band X-ray detector. The focal length is currently planned to be 10 m. The silicon mirror with multi-layer coating is our primary choice to achieve lightweight, good angular optics. The detector is a descendant of hard X-ray imager onboard Hitomi (ASTRO-H) replacing its silicon strip detector with SOI-CMOS silicon pixel detector, allowing an extension of the low energy threshold down to 1 keV or even less. C1 [Mori, Koji] Miyazaki Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Elect Engn, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan. [Tsuru, Takeshi Go] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Nakazawa, Kazuhiro; Zhang, William W.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Ueda, Yoshihiro] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Okajima, Takashi] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Murakami, Hiroshi] Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Dept Informat Sci, Fac Liberal Arts, Miyagi 9813193, Japan. [Awaki, Hisamitsu] Ehime Univ, Dept Phys, Ehimt 7908577, Japan. [Matsumoto, Hironori] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Fukazawa, Yasushi] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Tsunemi, Hiroshi] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Takahashi, Tadayuki] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. RP Mori, K (reprint author), Miyazaki Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Elect Engn, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan. EM mori@astro.miyazaki-u.ac.jp NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051O-1 DI 10.1117/12.2231262 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500046 ER PT S AU Narukage, N McKenzie, DE Ishikawa, R Trujillo-Bueno, J De Pontieu, B Kubo, M Ishikawa, S Kano, R Suematsu, Y Yoshida, M Rachmeler, LA Kobayashi, K Cirtain, JW Winebarger, AR Ramos, AA Aleman, TD Stepan, J Belluzzi, L Larruquert, JI Auchere, F Leenaarts, J Carlsson, MJL AF Narukage, Noriyuki McKenzie, David E. Ishikawa, Ryoko Trujillo-Bueno, Javier De Pontieu, Bart Kubo, Masahito Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke Kano, Ryouhei Suematsu, Yoshinori Yoshida, Masaki Rachmeler, Laurel A. Kobayashi, Ken Cirtain, Jonathan W. Winebarger, Amy R. Ramos, Andres Asensio Aleman, Tanausu del Pino Stepan, Jiri Belluzzi, Luca Larruquert, Juan Ignacio Auchere, Frederic Leenaarts, Jorrit Carlsson, Mattias J. L. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Chromospheric LAyer SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP2) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE UV spectropolarimetry; Chromospheric magnetic field; Hanle effect; Zeeman effect; CLASP project; sounding rocket experiment ID LY-ALPHA; SCATTERING POLARIZATION; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; LINES AB The sounding rocket Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP1) was launched on September 3rd, 2015, and successfully detected (with a polarization accuracy of 0.1 %) the linear polarization signals (Stokes Q and U) that scattering processes were predicted to produce in the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line (Lyman-alpha; 121.567 nm). Via the Hanle effect, this unique data set may provide novel information about the magnetic structure and energetics in the upper solar chromosphere. The CLASP1 instrument was safely recovered without any damage and we have recently proposed to dedicate its second flight to observe the four Stokes profiles in the spectral region of the Mg II h and k lines around 280 nm; in these lines the polarization signals result from scattering processes and the Hanle and Zeeman effects. Here we describe the modifications needed to develop this new instrument called the "Chromospheric LAyer SpectroPolarimeter" (CLASP2). C1 [Narukage, Noriyuki; Ishikawa, Ryoko; Kubo, Masahito; Kano, Ryouhei; Suematsu, Yoshinori; Yoshida, Masaki] Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [McKenzie, David E.; Rachmeler, Laurel A.; Kobayashi, Ken; Cirtain, Jonathan W.; Winebarger, Amy R.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Trujillo-Bueno, Javier; Ramos, Andres Asensio; Aleman, Tanausu del Pino] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38205, Spain. [De Pontieu, Bart] Org ADBS, Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, 3251 Hanover St,Bldg 252, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Ishikawa, Shin-nosuke] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Stepan, Jiri] Acad Sci, Astron Inst, Fricova 298, Ondrejov 25165, Czech Republic. [Belluzzi, Luca] Ist Ric Solari Locarno IRSOL, Via Patocchi, CH-6605 Locarno, Switzerland. [Larruquert, Juan Ignacio] CSIC, Inst Opt, C Serrano 144, Madrid 28006, Spain. [Auchere, Frederic] Univ Paris Sud 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Batiment 121, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Leenaarts, Jorrit] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Astron, Inst Solar Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Carlsson, Mattias J. L.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, POB 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway. RP Narukage, N (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. EM noriyuki.narukage@nao.ac.jp RI Stepan, Jiri/G-9050-2014; OI Leenaarts, Jorrit/0000-0003-4936-4211 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990508 DI 10.1117/12.2232245 PN 1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500007 ER PT S AU Noda, H Mitsuda, K Okamoto, A Ezoe, Y Ishikawa, K Fujimoto, R Yamasaki, N Takei, Y Ohashi, T Ishisaki, Y Mitsuishi, I Yoshida, S DiPirro, M Shirron, P AF Noda, Hirofumi Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Okamoto, Atsushi Ezoe, Yuichiro Ishikawa, Kumi Fujimoto, Ryuichi Yamasaki, Noriko Takei, Yoh Ohashi, Takaya Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Yoshida, Seiji DiPirro, Michel Shirron, Peter BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Thermal Analyses for Initial Operations of the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard ASTRO-H SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE ASTRO-H (Hitomi); The Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS); X-ray microcalorimeter; Cryogenics; Thermal mathematical model; Thermal simulation ID FLOW SUPPRESSION SYSTEM; POROUS PLUG; HELIUM; DEWAR AB The Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard ASTRO-H (Hitomi) achieved a high energy resolution of similar to 4.9 eV at 6 keV with an X-ray microcalorimeter array cooled to 50 mK. The cooling system utilizes liquid helium, confined in zero-g by means of a porous plug phase separator. For the porous plug to function, the helium temperature must be kept lower than the lambda point of 2.17 K in orbit. To determine the maximum allowable helium temperature at launch, taking into account uncertainties in both the final ground operations and initial operation in orbit, we constructed a thermal mathematical model of the SXS dewar and porous plug vent, and carried out time-series thermal simulations. Based on the results, the maximum allowable helium temperature at launch was set at 1.7 K. We also conducted a transient thermal calculation using the actual temperatures at launch as initial conditions to determine flow and cooling rates on orbit. From this, the equilibrium helium mass flow rate was estimated to be similar to 34-42 mu g/s, and the life time of the helium mode was predicted to be similar to 3.9-4.7 years. This paper describes the thermal model, and presents simulation results and comparisons with temperatures measured in the orbit. C1 [Noda, Hirofumi] Tohoku Univ, Frontier Res Inst Interdisciplinary Sci, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aramakiazaaoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Noda, Hirofumi] Tohoku Univ, Astron Inst, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aramakiazaaoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Ishikawa, Kumi; Yamasaki, Noriko; Takei, Yoh] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Okamoto, Atsushi] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Res & Dev Directorate, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Ezoe, Yuichiro; Ohashi, Takaya; Ishisaki, Yoshitaka] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Yoshida, Seiji] Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd, 5-2 Soubiraki Cho, Niihama, Ehime 7928588, Japan. [DiPirro, Michel; Shirron, Peter] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Noda, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Frontier Res Inst Interdisciplinary Sci, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aramakiazaaoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.; Noda, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Astron Inst, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aramakiazaaoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. EM hirofumi.noda@astr.tohoku.ac.jp NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053R DI 10.1117/12.2231356 PN 1 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500112 ER PT S AU Ohashi, T Ishisaki, Y Ezoe, Y Yamada, S Kuromaru, G Suzuki, S Tawara, Y Mitsuishi, I Babazaki, Y Mitsuda, K Yamasaki, NY Takei, Y Yamamoto, R Hayashi, T Ota, N Kelley, RL Sakai, K AF Ohashi, T. Ishisaki, Y. Ezoe, Y. Yamada, S. Kuromaru, G. Suzuki, S. Tawara, Y. Mitsuishi, I. Babazaki, Y. Mitsuda, K. Yamasaki, N. Y. Takei, Y. Yamamoto, R. Hayashi, T. Ota, N. Kelley, R. L. Sakai, K. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI DIOS: the dark baryon exploring mission SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE intergalactic medium; X-ray spectra; oxygen lines; microcalorimeters; mechanical coolers; X-ray telescope ID HOT INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM AB DIOS (Diffuse Intergalactic Oxygen Surveyor) is a small satellite aiming for a launch around 2022 with JAXA's Epsilon rocket. Its main aim is a search for warm-hot intergalactic medium with high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy of redshifted emission lines from OVII and OVIII ions. The superior energy resolution of FES microcalorimeters combined with a wide field of view (30' diameter) will enable us to look into gas dynamics of cosmic plasmas in a wide range of spatial scales from Earth's magnetosphere to unvirialized regions of clusters of galaxies. Mechanical and thermal design of the spacecraft and development of the TES calorimeter system are described. Employing an enlarged X-ray telescope with a focal length of 1.2 m and fast repointing capability, DIOS can observe absorption features from X-ray afterglows of distant gamma-ray bursts. C1 [Ohashi, T.; Ishisaki, Y.; Ezoe, Y.; Yamada, S.; Kuromaru, G.; Suzuki, S.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Tawara, Y.; Mitsuishi, I.; Babazaki, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phyc, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Mitsuda, K.; Yamasaki, N. Y.; Takei, Y.; Yamamoto, R.; Hayashi, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Ota, N.] Nara Womens Univ, Kitauoyanishi Machi, Nara, Nara 6308506, Japan. [Kelley, R. L.; Sakai, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Ohashi, T (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. EM ohashi@tmu.ac.jp NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051N DI 10.1117/12.2232274 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500045 ER PT S AU Okajima, T Soong, Y Balsamo, ER Enoto, T Olsen, L Koenecke, R Lozipone, L Kearney, J Fitzsimmons, S Numata, A Kenyon, SJ Arzoumanian, Z Gendreau, K AF Okajima, Takashi Soong, Yang Balsamo, Erin R. Enoto, Teruaki Olsen, Larry Koenecke, Richard Lozipone, Larry Kearney, John Fitzsimmons, Sean Numata, Ai Kenyon, Steven J. Arzoumanian, Zaven Gendreau, Keith BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Performance of NICER Flight X-ray Concentrator SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE NICER; X-rays; X-ray concentrator; X-ray focusing; X-ray optics; soft X-rays AB Neutron star Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER) is a NASA instrument to be onboard International Space Station, which is equipped with 56 pairs of an X-ray concentrator (XRC) and a silicon drift detector for high timing observations. The XRC is based on an epoxy replicated thin aluminum foil X-ray mirror, similar to those of Suzaku and ASTRO-H (Hitomi), but only a single stage parabolic grazing incidence optic. Each has a focal length of 1.085 m and a diameter of 105 mm, with 24 confocally aligned parabolic shells. Grazing incident angles to individual shells range from 0.4 to 1.4 deg. The flight 56 XRCs have been completed and successfully delivered to the payload integration. All the XRC was characterized at the NASA/GSFC 100-m X-ray beamline using 1.5 keV X-rays (some of them are also at 4.5 keV). The XRC performance, effective area and point spread function, was measured by a CCD camera and a proportional counter. The average effective area is about 44 cm(2) at 1.5 keV and about 18 cm(2) at 4.5 keV, which is consistent with a micro-roughness of 0.5 nm from individual shell reflectivity measurements. The XRC focuses about 91 % of X-rays into a 2 mm aperture at the focal plane, which is the NICER detector window size. Each XRC weighs only 325 g. These performance met the project requirement. In this paper, we will present summary of the flight XRC performance as well as co-alignment results of the 56 XRCs on the flight payload as it is important to estimate the total effective for astronomical observations. C1 [Okajima, Takashi; Soong, Yang; Balsamo, Erin R.; Olsen, Larry; Koenecke, Richard; Lozipone, Larry; Kearney, John; Fitzsimmons, Sean; Numata, Ai; Kenyon, Steven J.; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Gendreau, Keith] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Soong, Yang; Arzoumanian, Zaven] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Balsamo, Erin R.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Enoto, Teruaki] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Okajima, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM takashi.okajima@nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99054X DI 10.1117/12.2234436 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500140 ER PT S AU Okajima, T Soong, Y Serlemitsos, P Mori, H Olsen, L Robinson, D Koenecke, R Chang, B Hahne, D Hzuka, R Ishida, M Maeda, Y Sato, T Kikuchi, N Kurashima, S Nakaniwa, N Hayashi, T Ishibashi, K Miyazawa, T Tachibana, K Tamura, K Furuzawa, A Tawara, Y Sugita, S AF Okajima, Takashi Soong, Yang Serlemitsos, Peter Mori, Hideyuki Olsen, Larry Robinson, David Koenecke, Richard Chang, Bill Hahne, Devin Hzuka, Ryo Ishida, Manabu Maeda, Yoshitomo Sato, Toshiki Kikuchi, Naomichi Kurashima, Sho Nakaniwa, Nozomi Hayashi, Takayuki Ishibashi, Kazunori Miyazawa, Takuya Tachibana, Kenji Tamura, Keisuke Furuzawa, Akihiro Tawara, Yuzuru Sugita, Satoshi BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI First Peek of ASTRO-H Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) In-orbit Performance SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE ASTRO-H; Hitomi; X-rays; X-ray telescope; X-ray mirror; X-ray optics; soft X-rays ID ONBOARD; MIRRORS; CHANDRA; SUZAKU; ASCA AB ASTRO-H (Hitomi) is a Japanese X-ray astrophysics satellite just launched in February, 2016, from Tanegashima, Japan by a JAXA's H-IIA launch vehicle. It has two Soft X-ray Telescopes (SXTs), among other instruments, that were developed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in collaboration with ISAS/JAXA and Nagoya University. One is for an X-ray micro-calorimeter instrument (Soft X-ray Spectrometer, SXS) and the other for an X-ray CCD camera (Soft X-ray Imager, SXI), both covering the X-ray energy band up to 15 keV. The two SXTs were fully characterized at the 30-m X-ray beamline at ISAS/JAXA. The combined SXT+SXS system effective area is about 250 and 300 cm(2) at 1 and 6 keV, respectively, although observations were performed with the gate valve at the dewar entrance closed, which blocks most of low energy X-rays and some of high energy ones. The angular resolution for SXS is 1.2 arcmin (Half Power Diameter, HPD). The combined SXT+SXI system effective area is about 370 and 350 cm(2) at 1 and 6 keV, respectively. The angular resolution for SXI is 1.3 arcmin (HPD). The both SXTs have a field of view of about 16 arcmin (FWHM of their vignetting functions). The SXT+SXS field of view is limited to 3x3 arcmin by the SXS array size. In-flight data available to the SXT team was limited at the time of this conference and a point-like source data is not available for the SXT+SXS. Although due to lack of attitude information we were unable to reconstruct a point spread function of SXT+SXI, according to RXJ1856.5-3754 data, the SXT seems to be working as expected in terms of imaging capability. As for the overall effective area response for both SXT+SXS and SXT+SXI, consistent spectral model fitting parameters with the previous measurements were obtained for Crab and G21.5-0.9 data. On the other hand, their 2-10 keV fluxes differ by about 20 % at this point. Calibration work is still under progress. The SXT is the latest version of the aluminum foil X-ray mirror, which is extremely light-weight and very low cost, yet produces large effective area over a wide energy-band. Its area-mass ratio is the largest, 16 cm(2)/kg, among ASTRO-H, Chandra, and XMM-Newton mirrors. The aluminum foil mirror is a still compelling technology depending on the mission science goal. C1 [Okajima, Takashi; Soong, Yang; Serlemitsos, Peter; Mori, Hideyuki; Olsen, Larry; Robinson, David; Koenecke, Richard; Chang, Bill] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hahne, Devin] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Hzuka, Ryo; Ishida, Manabu; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Sato, Toshiki; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Kurashima, Sho; Nakaniwa, Nozomi] ISAS JAXA, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Hayashi, Takayuki; Ishibashi, Kazunori; Miyazawa, Takuya; Tachibana, Kenji; Tamura, Keisuke; Furuzawa, Akihiro; Tawara, Yuzuru] Nagoya Univ, Chkusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Sugita, Satoshi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. RP Okajima, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM takashi.okajima@nasa.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050Z DI 10.1117/12.2231705 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500024 ER PT S AU Pavlinsky, M Akimov, V Levin, V Krivchenko, A Rotin, A Kuznetsova, M Lapshov, I Tkachenko, A Semena, N Buntov, M Glushenko, A Arefiev, V Yaskovich, A Grebenev, S Sazonov, S Revnivtsev, M Lutovinov, A Molkov, S Krivonos, R Serbinov, D Kudelin, M Drozdova, T Voronkov, S Sunyaev, R Churazov, E Gilfanov, M Babyshkin, V Lomakin, I Menderov, A Gubarev, M Ramsey, B Kilaru, K O'Dell, SL Kolodziejczak, J Elsner, R Zavlin, V Swartz, D AF Pavlinsky, M. Akimov, V. Levin, V. Krivchenko, A. Rotin, A. Kuznetsova, M. Lapshov, I. Tkachenko, A. Semena, N. Buntov, M. Glushenko, A. Arefiev, V. Yaskovich, A. Grebenev, S. Sazonov, S. Revnivtsev, M. Lutovinov, A. Molkov, S. Krivonos, R. Serbinov, D. Kudelin, M. Drozdova, T. Voronkov, S. Sunyaev, R. Churazov, E. Gilfanov, M. Babyshkin, V. Lomakin, I. Menderov, A. Gubarev, M. Ramsey, B. Kilaru, K. O'Dell, S. L. Kolodziejczak, J. Elsner, R. Zavlin, V. Swartz, D. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Status of ART-XC/SRG instrument SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE AB Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG) is an X-ray astrophysical observatory, developed by Russia in collaboration with Germany. The mission will be launched in 2017 from Baikonur and placed in a 6-month-period halo orbit around L2. The scientific payload consists of two independent telescope arrays - a soft-x-ray survey instrument, eROSITA, being provided by Germany and a medium-x-ray-energy survey instrument ART-XC being developed by Russia. ART-XC will consist of seven independent, but co-aligned, telescope modules. The ART-XC flight mirror modules have been developed and fabricated at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). Each mirror module will be aligned with a focal plane CdTe double-sided strip detector which will operate over the energy range of 6-30 keV, with an angular resolution of < 1', a field of view of similar to 34' and an expected energy resolution of about 12% at 14 keV. The current status of the ART-XC/SRG instrument is presented here. C1 [Pavlinsky, M.; Akimov, V.; Levin, V.; Krivchenko, A.; Rotin, A.; Kuznetsova, M.; Lapshov, I.; Tkachenko, A.; Semena, N.; Buntov, M.; Glushenko, A.; Arefiev, V.; Yaskovich, A.; Grebenev, S.; Sazonov, S.; Revnivtsev, M.; Lutovinov, A.; Molkov, S.; Krivonos, R.; Serbinov, D.; Kudelin, M.; Drozdova, T.; Voronkov, S.; Sunyaev, R.; Churazov, E.; Gilfanov, M.] Space Res Inst, Moscow, Russia. [Sunyaev, R.; Churazov, E.; Gilfanov, M.] MPI Astrophys, Garching, Germany. [Babyshkin, V.; Lomakin, I.; Menderov, A.] Lavochkin Assoc, Moscow, Russia. [Gubarev, M.; Ramsey, B.; Kilaru, K.; O'Dell, S. L.; Kolodziejczak, J.; Elsner, R.] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA. [Zavlin, V.; Swartz, D.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA. RP Pavlinsky, M (reprint author), Space Res Inst, Moscow, Russia. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051J-1 DI 10.1117/12.2230974 PN 1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500041 ER PT S AU Peille, P Ceballos, MT Cobo, B Wilms, J Bandler, S Smith, SJ Dauser, T Brand, T den Hartog, R de Plaa, J Barret, D den Herder, JW Piro, L Barcons, X Pointecouteau, E AF Peille, Philippe Teresa Ceballos, Maria Cobo, Beatriz Wilms, Joern Bandler, Simon Smith, Stephen J. Dauser, Thomas Brand, Thorsten den Hartog, Roland de Plaa, Jelle Barret, Didier den Herder, Jan-Willem Piro, Luigi Barcons, Xavier Pointecouteau, Etienne BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Performance assessment of different pulse reconstruction algorithms for the Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Athena; X-IFU; X-rays; microcalorimeters; pulse reconstruction; performance analysis ID TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS; COUNT-RATE; MICROCALORIMETERS AB The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) microcalorimeter, on-board Athena, with its focal plane comprising 3840 Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) operating at 90 mK, will provide unprecedented spectral-imaging capability in the 0.2-12 keV energy range. It will rely on the on-board digital processing of current pulses induced by the heat deposited in the TES absorber, as to recover the energy of each individual events. Assessing the capabilities of the pulse reconstruction is required to understand the overall scientific performance of the X-IFU, notably in terms of energy resolution degradation with both increasing energies and count rates. Using synthetic data streams generated by the X-IFU End-to-End simulator, we present here a comprehensive benchmark of various pulse reconstruction techniques, ranging from standard optimal filtering to more advanced algorithms based on noise covariance matrices. Beside deriving the spectral resolution achieved by the different algorithms, a first assessment of the computing power and ground calibration needs is presented. Overall, all methods show similar performances, with the reconstruction based on noise covariance matrices showing the best improvement with respect to the standard optimal filtering technique. Due to prohibitive calibration needs, this method might however not be applicable to the X-IFU and the best compromise currently appears to be the so-called resistance space analysis which also features very promising high count rate capabilities. C1 [Peille, Philippe; Barret, Didier; Pointecouteau, Etienne] IRAP, CNRS, 9 Av Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Peille, Philippe; Barret, Didier; Pointecouteau, Etienne] Univ Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, OMP, Toulouse, France. [Teresa Ceballos, Maria; Cobo, Beatriz; Barcons, Xavier] CSIC UC, Inst Fis Cantabria, Edificio Juan Jorda,Ave Castros S-N, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Wilms, Joern; Dauser, Thomas; Brand, Thorsten] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, ECAP, Sternwartstr 7, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Bandler, Simon; Smith, Stephen J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [den Hartog, Roland; de Plaa, Jelle; den Herder, Jan-Willem] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Piro, Luigi] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Peille, P (reprint author), IRAP, CNRS, 9 Av Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.; Peille, P (reprint author), Univ Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, OMP, Toulouse, France. EM philippe.peille@irap.omp.eu OI Ceballos, Maria Teresa/0000-0001-6074-3621 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99055W DI 10.1117/12.2232011 PN 1 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500163 ER PT S AU Porter, FS Boyce, KR Chiao, MP Eckart, ME Fujimoto, R Ishisaki, Y Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Leutenegger, MA McCammon, D Mitsuda, K Sato, K Seta, H Sawada, M Sneiderman, GA Szymkowiak, AE Takei, Y Tashiro, MS Tsujimoto, M Watanabe, T Yamada, S AF Porter, Frederick S. Boyce, Kevin R. Chiao, Meng P. Eckart, Megan E. Fujimoto, Ryuichi Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Kelley, Richard L. Kilbourne, Caroline A. Leutenegger, Maurice A. McCammon, Dan Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Sato, Kosuke Seta, Hiromi Sawada, Makoto Sneiderman, Gary A. Szymkowiak, Andrew E. Takei, Yoh Tashiro, Makoto S. Tsujimoto, Masahiro Watanabe, Tomomi Yamada, Shinya BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI In-flight performance of the Soft X-ray Spectrometer detector system on Astro-H SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray astrophysics; X-ray Spectroscopy; X-ray detectors AB The SXS instrument was launched aboard the Astro-H observatory on February 17, 2016. The SXS spectrometer is based on a high sensitivity x-ray calorimeter detector system that has been successfully deployed in many ground and sub-orbital spectrometers. The instrument was to provide essential diagnostics for nearly every class of x-ray emitting objects from the atmosphere of Jupiter to the outskirts of galaxy clusters, without degradation for spatially extended objects. The SXS detector system consisted of a 36-pixel cryogenic microcalorimeter array operated at a heat sink temperature of 50 mK. In pre-flight testing, the detector system demonstrated a resolving power of better than 1300 at 6 keV with a simultaneous band-pass from below 0.3 keV to above 12 keV with a timing precision better than 100 mu s. In addition, a solid-state anti-coincidence detector was placed directly behind the detector array for background suppression. The detector error budget included the measured interference from the SXS cooling system and the spacecraft. Additional margin for on-orbit gain-stability, and on-orbit spacecraft interference were also included predicting an on-orbit performance that meets or exceeds the 7 eV FWHM at 6 keV requirement. The actual on-orbit spectral resolution was better than 5 eV FWHM at 6 keV, easily satisfying the instrument requirement. Here we discuss the actual on-orbit performance of the SXS detector system and compare this to performance in pre-flight testing and the on-orbit predictions. We will also discuss the on-orbit gain stability, additional on-orbit interference, and measurements of the on-orbit background. C1 [Porter, Frederick S.; Boyce, Kevin R.; Chiao, Meng P.; Eckart, Megan E.; Kelley, Richard L.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Sneiderman, Gary A.; Watanabe, Tomomi] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan. [Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Seta, Hiromi; Yamada, Shinya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Takei, Yoh; Tsujimoto, Masahiro] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. [Sato, Kosuke] Tokyo Univ Sci, Tokyo, Japan. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Fuchinobe, Japan. [Szymkowiak, Andrew E.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. [Tashiro, Makoto S.] Saitama Univ, Saitama, Japan. RP Porter, FS (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Frederick.S.Porter@nasa.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050W DI 10.1117/12.2232799 PN 1 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500021 ER PT S AU Riveros, RE Biskach, MP Allgood, KD Mazzarella, JR Sharpe, MV Zhang, WW AF Riveros, Raul E. Biskach, Michael P. Allgood, Kim D. Mazzarella, James R. Sharpe, Marton V. Zhang, William W. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Progress on the fabrication of high resolution and lightweight monocrystalline silicon x-ray mirrors SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray optics; X-ray mirrors; silicon; polishing AB Monocrystalline silicon is an excellent X-ray mirror substrate material due to its high stiffness, low density, high thermal conductivity, zero internal stress, and commercial availability. Our work at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center focuses on identifying and developing a manufacturing process to produce high resolution and lightweight X-ray mirror segments in a cost and time effective manner. Previous efforts focused on demonstrating the feasibility of cylindrical silicon mirror polishing and lightweighting. Present efforts are aimed towards producing true paraboloidal and hyperboloidal mirror surfaces on the lightweight silicon segments. This paper presents results from these recent investigations, including a mirror which features a surface quality sufficient for a 3 arcsecond telescope. C1 [Riveros, Raul E.; Biskach, Michael P.; Allgood, Kim D.; Mazzarella, James R.; Sharpe, Marton V.; Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Riveros, Raul E.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Riveros, Raul E.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Biskach, Michael P.; Allgood, Kim D.; Mazzarella, James R.; Sharpe, Marton V.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Riveros, RE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Riveros, RE (reprint author), Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.; Riveros, RE (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990521 DI 10.1117/12.2234215 PN 1 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500055 ER PT S AU Sato, T Iizuka, R Mori, H Hayashi, T Maeda, Y Ishida, M Kikuchi, N Kurashima, S Nakaniwa, N Okajima, T Soong, Y Serlemitosos, PJ AF Sato, Toshiki Iizuka, Ryo Mori, Hideyuki Hayashi, Takayuki Maeda, Yoshitomo Ishida, Manabu Kikuchi, Naomichi Kurashima, Sho Nakaniwa, Nozomi Okajima, Takashi Soong, Yang Serlemitosos, Peter J. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The ASTRO-H SXT performance to the large off-set angles SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-rays; ASTRO-H/Hitomi; Soft X-ray Telescopes (SXTs); Wolter Type-I optics; stray lights AB The X-ray astronomy satellite ASTRO-H, which is the 6th Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite and is renamed Hitomi after launch, is designed to observe celestial X-ray objects in a wide energy band from a few hundred eV to 600 keV. The Soft X-ray Telescopes (SXTs) onboard ASTRO-H play a role of collecting and imaging X-rays up to similar to 12 keV. Although the field of view of the SXT is similar to 15' (FWHM), due to the thin-foil-nested Wolter-I type optics adopted in the SXTs, X-rays out of the field of view can reach the focal plane without experiencing a normal double reflection. This component is referred to as "stray light". Owing to investigation of the stray light so far, "secondary reflection" is now identified as the main component of the stray light, which is composed of X-rays reflected only by secondary reflectors. In order to cut the secondary reflections, a "pre-collimator" is equipped on top of the SXTs. However, we cannot cut all the stray lights with the pre-collimator in some off-axis angle domain. In this study, we measure the brightness of the stray light of the SXTs at some representative off-axis angles by using the ISAS X-ray beam line. ASTRO-H is equipped with two modules of the SXT; one is for the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS), an X-ray calorimeter, and the other is for the Soft X-ray Imager (SXI), an X-ray CCD camera. These SXT modules are called SXT-S and SXT-I, respectively. Of the two detector systems, the SXI has a large field of view, a square with 38' on a side. To cope with this, we have made a mosaic mapping of the stray light at a representative off-axis angle of 30' in the X-ray beam line at the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science. The effective area of the brightest secondary reflection is found of order similar to 0.1% of the on-axis effective area at the energy of 1.49 keV. The other components are not so bright (<5x10(-4) times smaller than the on-axis effective area). On the other hand, we have found that the effective area of the stray light in the SXS field of view (similar to 3'x3') at large off-axis angles (>15') are similar to 10(-4) times smaller than the on-axis effective area (similar to 590 cm(2) at 1.49 keV). C1 [Sato, Toshiki; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Kurashima, Sho; Nakaniwa, Nozomi] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Sato, Toshiki; Iizuka, Ryo; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Ishida, Manabu; Kikuchi, Naomichi; Kurashima, Sho; Nakaniwa, Nozomi] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. [Mori, Hideyuki; Hayashi, Takayuki; Okajima, Takashi; Soong, Yang; Serlemitosos, Peter J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Hayashi, Takayuki] Nagoya Univ, Chikusa Ku, Furo Cho, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. RP Sato, T (reprint author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. EM toshiki@astro.isas.jaxa.jp NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053X DI 10.1117/12.2232175 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500117 ER PT S AU Shirron, PJ Kimball, MO James, BL Muench, T Canavan, ER DiPirro, MJ Bialas, TG Sneiderman, GA Boyce, KR Kilbourne, CA Porter, FS Kelley, RL Fujimoto, R Takei, Y Yoshida, S Mitsuda, K AF Shirron, Peter J. Kimball, Mark O. James, Bryan L. Muench, Theodore Canavan, Edgar R. DiPirro, Michael J. Bialas, Thomas G. Sneiderman, Gary A. Boyce, Kevin R. Kilbourne, Caroline A. Porter, Frederick S. Kelley, Richard L. Fujimoto, Ryuichi Takei, Yoh Yoshida, Seiji Mitsuda, Kazuhisa BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Design and on-orbit operation of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator on the Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer instrument SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE x-ray; astronomy; adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator; microcalorimeter ID ASTRO-H; 3-STAGE ADR; PERFORMANCE AB The Soft X-ray Spectrometer instrument on the Astro-H observatory contains a 6x6 array of x-ray microcalorimeters, which is cooled to 50 mK by an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR). The ADR consists of three stages in order to provide stable detector cooling using either a 1.2 K superfluid helium bath or a 4.5 K Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocooler as its heat sink. When liquid helium is present, two of the ADR's stages are used to single-shot cool the detectors while rejecting heat to the helium. After the helium is depleted, all three stages are used to cool both the helium tank (to about 1.5 K) and the detectors (to 50 mK) using the JT cryocooler as its heat sink. The Astro-H observatory, renamed Hitomi after its successful launch in February 2016, carried approximately 36 liters of helium into orbit. On day 5, the helium had cooled sufficiently (<1.4 K) to allow operation of the ADR. This paper describes the design, operation and on-orbit performance of the ADR. C1 [Shirron, Peter J.; Kimball, Mark O.; James, Bryan L.; Muench, Theodore; Canavan, Edgar R.; DiPirro, Michael J.; Bialas, Thomas G.; Sneiderman, Gary A.; Boyce, Kevin R.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Porter, Frederick S.; Kelley, Richard L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Takei, Yoh; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa] ISAS JAXA, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshino Dai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Yoshida, Seiji] Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd, Niihama, Ehime 7928555, Japan. RP Shirron, PJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Peter.Shirron@nasa.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053O-1 DI 10.1117/12.2231301 PN 1 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500109 ER PT S AU Smith, RK Abraham, MH Allured, R Bautz, M Bookbinder, J Bregman, JN Brenneman, L Brickhouse, NS Burrows, DN Burwitz, V Carvalho, R Cheimets, PN Costantini, E Dawson, S Deroo, C Falcone, A Foster, AR Grant, CE Heilmann, RK Hertz, E Hine, B Huenemoerder, D Kaastra, JS Madsen, KK McEntaffer, RL Miller, ED Miller, J Morse, E Mushotzky, R Nandra, K Nowak, M Paerels, E Petre, R Plice, L Poppenhaeger, K Ptak, A Reid, P Sanders, J Schattenburg, ML Schulz, N Smale, A Temi, P Valencic, L Walker, S Willingale, R Wilms, J Wolk, SJ AF Smith, R. K. Abraham, M. H. Allured, R. Bautz, M. Bookbinder, J. Bregman, J. N. Brenneman, L. Brickhouse, N. S. Burrows, D. N. Burwitz, V. Carvalho, R. Cheimets, P. N. Costantini, E. Dawson, S. DeRoo, C. Falcone, A. Foster, A. R. Grant, C. E. Heilmann, R. K. Hertz, E. Hine, B. Huenemoerder, D. Kaastra, J. S. Madsen, K. K. McEntaffer, R. L. Miller, E. D. Miller, J. Morse, E. Mushotzky, R. Nandra, K. Nowak, M. Paerels, E. Petre, R. Plice, L. Poppenhaeger, K. Ptak, A. Reid, P. Sanders, J. Schattenburg, M. L. Schulz, N. Smale, A. Temi, P. Valencic, L. Walker, S. Willingale, R. Wilms, J. Wolk, S. J. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Arcus: The X-ray Grating Spectrometer Explorer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Gratings; X-rays: spectroscopy; Instrumentation ID SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION AB Arcus will be proposed to the NASA Explorer program as a free-flying satellite mission that will enable high-resolution soft X-ray spectroscopy (8-50 angstrom) with unprecedented sensitivity effective areas of >500 sq cm and spectral resolution >2500. The Arcus key science goals are (1) to determine how baryons cycle in and out of galaxies by measuring the effects of structure formation imprinted upon the hot gas that is predicted to lie in extended halos around galaxies, groups, and clusters, (2) to determine how black holes influence their surroundings by tracing the propagation of out flowing mass, energy and momentum from the vicinity of the black hole out to large scales and (3) to understand how accretion forms and evolves stars and circumstellar disks by observing hot infalling and outflowing gas in these systems. Arcus relies upon grazing-incidence silicon pore X-ray optics with the same 12m focal length (achieved using an extendable optical bench) that will be used for the ESA Athena mission. The focused X-rays from these optics will then be diffracted by high-efficiency off-plane reflection gratings that have already been demonstrated on sub-orbital rocket flights, imaging the results with flight-proven CCD detectors and electronics. The power and telemetry requirements on the spacecraft are modest. The majority of mission operations will not be complex, as most observations will be long (similar to 100 ksec), uninterrupted, and pre-planned, although there will be limited capabilities to observe targets of opportunity, such as tidal disruption events or supernovae with a 3-5 day turnaround. After the end of prime science, we plan to allow guest observations to maximize the science return of Arcus to the community. C1 [Smith, R. K.; Allured, R.; Brenneman, L.; Brickhouse, N. S.; Cheimets, P. N.; DeRoo, C.; Foster, A. R.; Hertz, E.; Reid, P.; Wolk, S. J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Abraham, M. H.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Bautz, M.; Grant, C. E.; Heilmann, R. K.; Huenemoerder, D.; Miller, E. D.; Miller, J.; Nowak, M.; Schattenburg, M. L.; Schulz, N.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bookbinder, J.; Carvalho, R.; Dawson, S.; Hine, B.; Plice, L.; Temi, P.; Walker, S.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Bregman, J. N.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Burrows, D. N.; Falcone, A.; McEntaffer, R. L.] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. [Burwitz, V.; Nandra, K.; Sanders, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany. [Costantini, E.; Kaastra, J. S.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Madsen, K. K.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Morse, E.] Orbital ATK, Dulles, VA USA. [Mushotzky, R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Paerels, E.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Petre, R.; Ptak, A.; Smale, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Poppenhaeger, K.] Queens Univ Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. [Valencic, L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Willingale, R.] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England. [Wilms, J.] Friedrich Alexander Univ, Erlangen, Germany. RP Smith, RK (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rsmith@cfa.harvard.edu RI Heilmann, Ralf/D-4680-2009 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99054M DI 10.1117/12.2231778 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500133 ER PT S AU Smith, SJ Adams, JS Bandler, SR Betancourt-Martinez, GL Chervenak, JA Chiao, MP Eckart, ME Finkbeiner, FM Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Miniussi, AR Porter, FS Sadleir, JS Sakai, K Wakeham, NA Wassell, EJ Yoon, W Bennett, DA Doriese, WB Fowler, JW Hilton, GC Morgan, KM Pappas, CG Reintsema, CN Swetz, DS Ullom, JN Irwin, KD Akamatsu, H Gottardi, L den Hartog, R Jackson, BD van der Kuur, J Barret, D Peille, P AF Smith, S. J. Adams, J. S. Bandler, S. R. Betancourt-Martinez, G. L. Chervenak, J. A. Chiao, M. P. Eckart, M. E. Finkbeiner, F. M. Kelley, R. L. Kilbourne, C. A. Miniussi, A. R. Porter, F. S. Sadleir, J. S. Sakai, K. Wakeham, N. A. Wassell, E. J. Yoon, W. Bennett, D. A. Doriese, W. B. Fowler, J. W. Hilton, G. C. Morgan, K. M. Pappas, C. G. Reintsema, C. N. Swetz, D. S. Ullom, J. N. Irwin, K. D. Akamatsu, H. Gottardi, L. den Hartog, R. Jackson, B. D. van der Kuur, J. Barret, D. Peille, P. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Transition-edge sensor pixel parameter design of the microcalorimeter array for the X-ray Integral Field Unit on Athena SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Imaging array; transition-edge sensor; x-ray spectroscopy ID COUNT-RATE; READOUT; LINES; HEAT AB The focal plane of the X-ray integral field unit (X-IFU) for ESA's Athena X-ray observatory will consist of similar to 4000 transition edge sensor (TES) x-ray microcalorimeters optimized for the energy range of 0.2 to 12 keV. The instrument will provide unprecedented spectral resolution of similar to 2.5 eV at energies of up to 7 keV and will accommodate photon fluxes of 1 mCrab (90 cps) for point source observations. The baseline configuration is a uniform large pixel array (LPA) of 4.28" pixels that is read out using frequency domain multiplexing (FDM). However, an alternative configuration under study incorporates an 18 x 18 small pixel array (SPA) of 2" pixels in the central similar to 36" region. This hybrid array configuration could be designed to accommodate higher fluxes of up to 10 mCrab (900 cps) or alternately for improved spectral performance (< 1.5 eV) at low count-rates. In this paper we report on the TES pixel designs that are being optimized to meet these proposed LPA and SPA configurations. In particular we describe details of how important TES parameters are chosen to meet the specific mission criteria such as energy resolution, count-rate and quantum efficiency, and highlight performance trade-offs between designs. The basis of the pixel parameter selection is discussed in the context of existing TES arrays that are being developed for solar and x-ray astronomy applications. We describe the latest results on DC biased diagnostic arrays as well as large format kilo-pixel arrays and discuss the technical challenges associated with integrating different array types on to a single detector die. C1 [Smith, S. J.; Adams, J. S.; Bandler, S. R.; Betancourt-Martinez, G. L.; Chervenak, J. A.; Chiao, M. P.; Eckart, M. E.; Kelley, R. L.; Kilbourne, C. A.; Porter, F. S.; Sadleir, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Smith, S. J.; Adams, J. S.; Chiao, M. P.] CRESST, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Smith, S. J.; Adams, J. S.; Chiao, M. P.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Betancourt-Martinez, G. L.; Miniussi, A. R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Finkbeiner, F. M.] Wyle Informat Syst Inc, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Wakeham, N. A.; Yoon, W.] Univ Space Res Assoc, NASA Postdoctoral Program, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Sakai, K.] CRESST, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Wassell, E. J.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bennett, D. A.; Doriese, W. B.; Fowler, J. W.; Hilton, G. C.; Morgan, K. M.; Pappas, C. G.; Reintsema, C. N.; Swetz, D. S.; Ullom, J. N.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA. [Akamatsu, H.; Gottardi, L.; den Hartog, R.; van der Kuur, J.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Barret, D.; Peille, P.] IRAP, Toulouse, France. RP Smith, SJ (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Smith, SJ (reprint author), CRESST, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.; Smith, SJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM stephen.j.smith@nasa.gov NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99052H DI 10.1117/12.2231749 PN 1 PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500070 ER PT S AU Sneiderman, GA Shirron, PJ Fujimoto, R Bialas, TG Boyce, KR Chiao, MP DiPirro, MJ Eckart, ME Hartz, L Ishisaki, Y Kelley, RL Kilbourne, CA Masters, C McCammon, D Mitsuda, K Noda, H Porter, FS Szymkowiak, AE Takei, Y Tsujimoto, M Yoshida, S AF Sneiderman, Gary A. Shirron, Peter J. Fujimoto, Ryuichi Bialas, Thomas G. Boyce, Kevin R. Chiao, Meng P. DiPirro, Michael J. Eckart, Megan E. Hartz, Leslie Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Kelley, Richard L. Kilbourne, Caroline A. Masters, Candace McCammon, Dan Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Noda, Hirofumi Porter, Frederick S. Szymkowiak, Andrew E. Takei, Yoh Tsujimoto, Mashiro Yoshida, Seiji BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Cryogen-free operation of the Soft X-ray Spectrometer instrument SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Astro-H; SXS; cryogen-free; cryocooler; cryogenic; cooling system; refrigeration; ADR ID ONBOARD ASTRO-H; 3-STAGE ADR; PERFORMANCE AB The Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) is the first space-based instrument to implement redundancy in the operation of a sub-Kelvin refrigerator. The SXS cryogenic system consists of a superfluid helium tank and a combination of Stirling and Joule-Thompson (JT) cryocoolers that support the operation of a 3-stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR). When liquid helium is present, the x-ray microcalorimeter detectors are cooled to their 50 mK operating temperature by two ADR stages, which reject their heat directly to the liquid at similar to 1.1 K. When the helium is depleted, all three ADR stages are used to accomplish detector cooling while rejecting heat to the JT cooler operating at 4.5 K. Compared to the simpler helium mode operation, the cryogen-free mode achieves the same instrument performance by controlling the active cooling devices within the cooling system differently. These include the three ADR stages and four active heat switches, provided by NASA, and five cryocoolers, provided by JAXA. Development and verification details of this capability are presented within this paper and offer valuable insights into the challenges, successes, and lessons that can benefit other missions, particularly those employing cryogen-free cooling systems. C1 [Sneiderman, Gary A.; Shirron, Peter J.; Bialas, Thomas G.; Boyce, Kevin R.; Chiao, Meng P.; DiPirro, Michael J.; Eckart, Megan E.; Hartz, Leslie; Kelley, Richard L.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Masters, Candace; Porter, Frederick S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Ishisaki, Yoshitaka] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Takei, Yoh; Tsujimoto, Mashiro] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Noda, Hirofumi] Tohoku Univ, Aoba Ku, 6-3 Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Szymkowiak, Andrew E.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Yoshida, Seiji] Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd, 5-2 Soubiraki Cho, Niihama, Ehime 7928588, Japan. RP Sneiderman, GA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Gary.A.Sneiderman@nasa.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99053N-1 DI 10.1117/12.2232045 PN 1 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500108 ER PT S AU Soffitta, P Bellazzini, R Bozzo, E Burwitz, V Castro-Tirado, AJ Costa, E Courvoisier, T Feng, H Gburek, S Goosmann, R Karas, V Matt, G Muleri, F Nandra, K Pearce, M Poutanen, J Reglero, V Maria, DS Santangelo, A Tagliaferri, G Tenzer, C Vink, J Weisskopf, MC Zane, S Agudo, I Antonelli, A Attina, P Baldini, L Bykov, A Carpentiero, R Cavazzuti, E Churazov, E Del Monte, E De Martino, D Donnarunnna, I Doroslienko, V Evangelista, Y Ferreira, I Gallo, E Grosso, N Kaaret, P Kuulkers, E Laranaga, J Latronico, L Lumb, DH Macian, J Malzac, J Marin, F Massaro, E Minuti, M Mundell, C Ness, JU Oosterbroek, T Paltani, S Pareschi, G Perna, R Petrucci, PO Pinazo, HB Pinchera, M Rodriguez, JP Roncadelli, M Santovincenzo, A Sazonov, S Sgro, C Spiga, D Svoboda, J Theobald, C Theodorou, T Turolla, R de Ona, EW Winter, B Akbar, AM Allan, H Aloisio, B Altamirano, D Amati, L Amato, E Angelakis, E Arezu, J Atteia, JL Axelsson, M Bachetti, M Ballo, L Balman, S Bandiera, R Barcons, N Basso, S Baykal, A Backer, W Behar, E Beheshtipour, B Belmont, R Berger, L Bernardini, F Bianchi, S Bisnovatvi-Kogan, G Blasi, P Blay, P Bodaghee, A Boer, M Boettcher, M Bogdanov, S Bombaci, I Bonino, R Braga, J Brandt, W Brez, A Bucciantini, N Burderi, L Caiazzo, I Campana, R Campana, S Capitanio, F Cappi, M Cardillo, M Casella, P Catmabacak, O Cenko, B Cerda-Duran, P Cerruti, C Chaty, S Chauvin, M Chen, V Chenevez, J Chernyakova, M Teddy, CCC Christodoulou, D Connell, P Corbet, R Zelati, FC Covino, S Cui, W Cusumano, G D'Ai, A D'Ammando, F Dadina, M De Rosa, A De Ruvo, L Degenaar, N Del Santo, M Del Zanna, L Dewangan, G Di Cosimo, S Di Lalla, N Di Persio, G Di Salvo, T Dias, T Done, C Dovciak, M Doyle, G Ducci, L Elsner, R Enoto, T Escada, J Esposito, P Eyles, C Fabiani, S Falanga, M Falocco, S Fan, Y Fender, R Feroci, M Ferrigno, C Forman, W Foschini, L Fragile, C Fuerst, F Fujita, Y Gasent-Blesa, JL Gelfand, J Gendre, B Ghirlanda, G Ghisellini, G Giroletti, M Goetz, D Gomez, JL Gonzalez, D Gonzalcz-Riestra, R Gotthelf, E Gou, L Grandi, P Grinberg, V Grise, F Guidorzi, C Gurlebeck, N Guver, T Haggard, D Hardcastle, M Hartmann, D Haswell, C Heger, A Hernanz, M Heyl, J Ho, L Hoormann, J Horak, J Huovelin, J Huppenkothen, D Iaria, R Inam, SC Ingram, A Israel, G Izzo, L Burgess, M Jackson, M Ji, L Ji, L Jiang, J Johannsen, T Jones, C Jorstad, S Kajava, JJE Kalamkar, M Kalemci, L Kallman, T Kamble, A Kislat, F Kiss, M Klochkov, D Koerding, E Kolehmainen, M Koljonen, K Komossa, S Kong, A Korpela, S Kowalinski, M Krawczynski, H Kreykenbohm, I Kuss, M Lai, D Lan, M Larsson, J Laycock, S Lazzati, D Leahy, D Li, H Li, J Li, LX Li, T Li, Z Linares, M Lister, M Liu, H Lodato, G Lohfink, A Longo, F Luna, G Lutovinov, A Mahmoodifar, S Maia, J Mainieri, V Maitra, C Maitra, D Majczyna, A Maldera, S Malyshev, D Manfreda, A Manousakis, A Manuel, R Margutti, R Marinucci, A Markoff, S Marschcr, A Marshall, H Massaro, F McLaughlin, M Medina-Tanco, G Mehdipour, N Middleton, N Mignari, R Mimica, P Mineo, T Mingo, B Miniutti, G Mirac, SM Morlino, G Motlagli, AV Motta, SE Muslitukov, A Nagataki, S Nardini, F Nattila, J Navarro, GJ Negri, B Negro, M Nenonen, S Neustroev, V Nicastro, F Norton, A Nucita, A O'Brien, P O'Dell, S Odaka, H Olmi, B Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlandini, M Osborne, J Pacciani, L Paliya, VS Papadakis, I Papitto, A Paragi, Z Pascal, P Paul, B Pavan, L Pellizzoni, A Perinati, E Pesce-Rollins, M Piconcelli, E Pili, AG Pilia, M Pohl, M Ponti, G Porquet, D Possenti, A Postnov, K Prandoni, I Produit, N Puehlhofer, G Ramsey, B Razzano, M Rea, N Reig, P Reinsch, K 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Zappacosta, L. Zdziarski, A. A. Zech, A. Zhang, H. Zhang, S. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zoghbi, A. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI XIPE the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray Astronomy; Polarimetry; X-ray optics; Gas Pixel Detector ID GAS PIXEL DETECTOR; POLARIZATION; RADIATION AB XIPE, the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer, is a mission dedicated to X-ray Astronomy. At the time of writing XIPE is in a competitive phase A as fourth medium size mission of ESA (M4). It promises to reopen the polarimetry window in high energy Astrophysics after more than 4 decades thanks to a detector that efficiently exploits the photoelectric effect and to X-ray optics with large effective area. XIPE uniqueness is time-spectrally-spatially- resolved X-ray polarimetry as a breakthrough in high energy astrophysics and fundamental physics. Indeed the payload consists of three Gas Pixel Detectors at the focus of three X-ray optics with a total effective area larger than one XMM mirror but with a low weight. The payload is compatible with the fairing of the Vega launcher. XIPE is designed as an observatory for X- ray astronomers with 75% of the time dedicated to a Guest Observer competitive program and it is organized as a consortium across Europe with main contributions from Italy, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom, Poland, Sweden. C1 [Soffitta, P.; Costa, E.; Muleri, F.; Attina, P.; Del Monte, E.; Donnarunnna, I; Evangelista, Y.; Capitanio, F.; Cardillo, M.; De Rosa, A.; Di Cosimo, S.; Di Persio, G.; Fabiani, S.; Feroci, M.; Pacciani, L.; Rubini, A.; Sabatini, S.] IAPS INAF, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. 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RI Bykov, Andrei/E-3131-2014; Miniutti, Giovanni/L-2721-2014; Karas, Vladimir/C-1559-2013; Horak, Jiri/G-9015-2014; Svoboda, Jiri/G-9045-2014; Dovciak, Michal/F-4258-2014; Marin, Frederic/A-3737-2015; OI Poutanen, Juri/0000-0002-0983-0049; Blasi, Pasquale/0000-0003-2480-599X; Miniutti, Giovanni/0000-0003-0707-4531; Karas, Vladimir/0000-0002-5760-0459; Dovciak, Michal/0000-0003-0079-1239; de Martino, Domitilla/0000-0002-5069-4202; Gendre, Bruce/0000-0002-9077-2025; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Del Zanna, Luca/0000-0001-5200-882X; Angelakis, Emmanouil/0000-0001-7327-5441 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990515 DI 10.1117/12.2233046 PN 1 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500030 ER PT S AU Takahashi, T Kokubun, M Mitsuda, K Kelley, R Ohashi, T Aharonian, F Akamatsu, H Akimoto, F Allen, S Anabuki, N Angelini, L Arnaud, K Asai, M Audard, M Awaki, H Axelsson, M Azzarello, P Baluta, C Bamba, A Bando, N Bautz, M Bialas, T Blandford, R Boyce, K Brenneman, L Brown, G Bulbul, E Cackett, E Canavan, E Chernyakova, M Chiao, M Coppi, P Costantini, E de Plaa, J den Herder, JW DiPirro, M Done, C Dotani, T Doty, J Ebisawa, K Eckart, M Enoto, T Ezoe, Y Fabian, A Ferrigno, C Foster, A Fujimoto, R Fukazawa, Y Furuzawa, A Galeazzi, M Gallo, L Gandhi, P Gilmore, K Giustini, M Goldwurm, A Gu, LY Guainazzi, M Haas, D Haba, Y Hagino, K Hamaguchi, K Harayama, A Harrus, I Hatsukade, I Hayashi, T Hayashi, K Hayashida, K Hiraga, J Hirose, K Hornschemeier, A Hoshino, A Hughes, J Ichinohe, Y Iizuka, R Inoue, Y Inoue, H Ishibashi, K Ishida, M Ishikawa, K Ishimura, K Ishisaki, Y Itoh, M Iwata, N Iyomoto, N Jewell, C Kaastra, J Kallman, T Kamae, T Kara, E Kataoka, J Katsuda, S Katsuta, J Kawaharada, M Kawai, N Kawano, T Kawasaki, S Khangulyan, D Kilbourne, C Kimball, M King, A Kitaguchi, T Kitamoto, S Kitayama, T Kohmura, T Kosaka, T Koujelev, A Koyama, K Koyama, S Kretschmar, P Krimm, H Kubota, A Kunieda, H Laurent, P Lebrun, F Lee, SH Leutenegger, M Limousin, O Loewenstein, M Long, K Lumb, D Madejski, G Maeda, Y Maier, D Makishima, K Markevitch, M Masters, C Matsumoto, H Matsushita, K McCammon, D Mcguinness, D McNamara, B Mehdipour, M Miko, J Miller, J Miller, E Mineshige, S Minesugi, K Mitsuishi, I Miyazawa, T Mizuno, T Mori, K Mori, H Moroso, F Moseley, H Muench, T Mukai, K Murakami, H Murakami, T Mushotzky, R Nagano, H Nagino, R Nakagawa, T Nakajima, H Nakamori, T Nakano, T Nakashima, S Nakazawa, K Namba, Y Natsukari, C Nishioka, Y Nobukawa, M Nobukawa, K Noda, H Nomachi, M O' Dell, S Odaka, H Ogawa, H Ogawa, M Ogi, K Ohno, M Ohta, M Okajima, T Okamoto, A Okazaki, T Ota, N Ozaki, M Paerels, F Paltani, S Parmar, A Petre, R Pinto, C Pohl, M Pontius, J Porter, FS Pottschmidt, K Ramsey, B Reynolds, C Russell, H Safi-Harb, S Saito, S Sakai, S Sakai, K Sameshima, H Sasaki, T Sato, G Sato, Y Sato, K Sato, R Sawada, M Schartel, N Serlemitsos, P Seta, H Shibano, Y Shida, M Shidatsu, M Shimada, T Shinozaki, K Shirron, P Simionescu, A Simmons, C Smith, R Sneiderman, G Soong, Y Stawarz, L Sugawara, Y Sugita, H Sugita, S Szymkowiak, A Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takeda, S Takei, Y Tamagawa, T Tamura, T Tamura, K Tanaka, T Tanaka, Y Tanaka, Y Tashiro, M Tawara, Y Terada, Y Terashima, Y Tombesi, F Tomida, H Tsuboi, Y Tsujimoto, M Tsunemi, H Tsuru, T Uchida, H Uchiyama, Y Uchiyama, H Ueda, Y Ueda, S Ueno, S Uno, S Urry, M Ursino, E de Vries, C Wada, A Watanabe, S Watanabe, T Werner, N Wik, D Wilkins, D Williams, B Yamada, T Yamada, S Yamaguchi, H Yamaoka, K Yamasaki, N Yamauchi, M Yamauchi, S Yaqoob, T Yatsu, Y Yonetoku, D Yoshida, A Yuasa, T Zhuravleva, I Zoghbi, A AF Takahashi, Tadayuki Kokubun, Motohide Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Kelley, Richard Ohashi, Takaya Aharonian, Felix Akamatsu, Hiroki Akimoto, Fumie Allen, Steve Anabuki, Naohisa Angelini, Lorella Arnaud, Keith Asai, Makoto Audard, Marc Awaki, Hisamitsu Axelsson, Magnus Azzarello, Philipp Baluta, Chris Bamba, Aya Bando, Nobutaka Bautz, Marshall Bialas, Thomas Blandford, Roger Boyce, Kevin Brenneman, Laura Brown, Greg Bulbul, Esra Cackett, Edward Canavan, Edgar Chernyakova, Maria Chiao, Meng Coppi, Paolo Costantini, Elisa de Plaa, Jelle den Herder, Jan-Willem DiPirro, Michael Done, Chris Dotani, Tadayasu Doty, John Ebisawa, Ken Eckart, Megan Enoto, Teruaki Ezoe, Yuichiro Fabian, Andrew Ferrigno, Carlo Foster, Adam Fujimoto, Ryuichi Fukazawa, Yasushi Furuzawa, Akihiro Galeazzi, Massimiliano Gallo, Luigi Gandhi, Poshak Gilmore, Kirk Giustini, Margherita Goldwurm, Andrea Gu, Liyi Guainazzi, Matteo Haas, Daniel Haba, Yoshito Hagino, Kouichi Hamaguchi, Kenji Harayama, Atsushi Harrus, Ilana Hatsukade, Isamu Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Katsuhiro Hayashida, Kiyoshi Hiraga, Junko Hirose, Kazuyuki Hornschemeier, Ann Hoshino, Akio Hughes, John Ichinohe, Yuto Iizuka, Ryo Inoue, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Hajime Ishibashi, Kazunori Ishida, Manabu Ishikawa, Kumi Ishimura, Kosei Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Itoh, Masayuki Iwata, Naoko Iyomoto, Naoko Jewell, Chris Kaastra, Jelle Kallman, Timothy Kamae, Tuneyoshi Kara, Erin Kataoka, Jun Katsuda, Satoru Katsuta, Junichiro Kawaharada, Madoka Kawai, Nobuyuki Kawano, Taro Kawasaki, Shigeo Khangulyan, Dmitry Kilbourne, Caroline Kimball, Mark King, Ashley Kitaguchi, Takao Kitamoto, Shunji Kitayama, Tetsu Kohmura, Takayoshi Kosaka, Tatsuro Koujelev, Alex Koyama, Katsuji Koyama, Shu Kretschmar, Peter Krimm, Hans Kubota, Aya Kunieda, Hideyo Laurent, Philippe Lebrun, Francois Lee, Shiu-Hang Leutenegger, Maurice Limousin, Olivier Loewenstein, Michael Long, Knox Lumb, David Madejski, Grzegorz Maeda, Yoshitomo Maier, Daniel Makishima, Kazuo Markevitch, Maxim Masters, Candace Matsumoto, Hironori Matsushita, Kyoko McCammon, Dan Mcguinness, Daniel McNamara, Brian Mehdipour, Missagh Miko, Joseph Miller, Jon Miller, Eric Mineshige, Shin Minesugi, Kenji Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Miyazawa, Takuya Mizuno, Tsunefumi Mori, Koji Mori, Hideyuki Moroso, Franco Moseley, Harvey Muench, Theodore Mukai, Koji Murakami, Hiroshi Murakami, Toshio Mushotzky, Richard Nagano, Housei Nagino, Ryo Nakagawa, Takao Nakajima, Hiroshi Nakamori, Takeshi Nakano, Toshio Nakashima, Shinya Nakazawa, Kazuhiro Namba, Yoshiharu Natsukari, Chikara Nishioka, Yusuke Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Kumiko Noda, Hirofumi Nomachi, Masaharu O' Dell, Steve Odaka, Hirokazu Ogawa, Hiroyuki Ogawa, Mina Ogi, Keiji Ohno, Masanori Ohta, Masayuki Okajima, Takashi Okamoto, Atsushi Okazaki, Tsuyoshi Ota, Naomi Ozaki, Masanobu Paerels, Frits Paltani, Stephane Parmar, Arvind Petre, Robert Pinto, Ciro Pohl, Martin Pontius, James Porter, F. Scott Pottschmidt, Katja Ramsey, Brian Reynolds, Christopher Russell, Helen Safi-Harb, Samar Saito, Shinya Sakai, Shin-ichiro Sakai, Kazuhiro Sameshima, Hiroaki Sasaki, Toru Sato, Goro Sato, Yoichi Sato, Kosuke Sato, Rie Sawada, Makoto Schartel, Norbert Serlemitsos, Peter Seta, Hiromi Shibano, Yasuko Shida, Maki Shidatsu, Megumi Shimada, Takanobu Shinozaki, Keisuke Shirron, Peter Simionescu, Aurora Simmons, Cynthia Smith, Randall Sneiderman, Gary Soong, Yang Stawarz, Lukasz Sugawara, Yasuharu Sugita, Hiroyuki Sugita, Satoshi Szymkowiak, Andrew Tajima, Hiroyasu Takahashi, Hiromitsu Takeda, Shin'ichiro Takei, Yoh Tamagawa, Toru Tamura, Takayuki Tamura, Keisuke Tanaka, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuo Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tashiro, Makoto Tawara, Yuzuru Terada, Yukikatsu Terashima, Yuichi Tombesi, Francesco Tomida, Hiroshi Tsuboi, Yohko Tsujimoto, Masahiro Tsunemi, Hiroshi Tsuru, Takeshi Uchida, Hiroyuki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Hideki Ueda, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shutaro Ueno, Shiro Uno, Shin'ichiro Urry, Meg Ursino, Eugenio de Vries, Cor Wada, Atsushi Watanabe, Shin Watanabe, Tomomi Werner, Norbert Wik, Daniel Wilkins, Dan Williams, Brian Yamada, Takahiro Yamada, Shinya Yamaguchi, Hiroya Yamaoka, Kazutaka Yamasaki, Noriko Yamauchi, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yaqoob, Tahir Yatsu, Yoichi Yonetoku, Daisuke Yoshida, Atsumasa Yuasa, Takayuki Zhuravleva, Irina Zoghbi, Abderahmen BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The ASTRO-H (Hitomi) X-ray Astronomy Satellite SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray; Hard X-ray; Gamma-ray; X-ray Astronomy; Gamma-ray Astronomy; microcalorimeter ID ONBOARD; SUZAKU; G21.5-0.9; MISSION; NUSTAR AB The Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission is the sixth Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite developed by a large international collaboration, including Japan, USA, Canada, and Europe. The mission aimed to provide the highest energy resolution ever achieved at E > 2 keV, using a microcalorimeter instrument, and to cover a wide energy range spanning four decades in energy from soft X-rays to gamma-rays. After a successful launch on 2016 February 17, the spacecraft lost its function on 2016 March 26, but the commissioning phase for about a month provided valuable information on the on-board instruments and the spacecraft system, including astrophysical results obtained from first light observations. The paper describes the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) mission, its capabilities, the initial operation, and the instruments/spacecraft performances confirmed during the commissioning operations for about a month. C1 [Takahashi, Tadayuki; Kokubun, Motohide; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Baluta, Chris; Bando, Nobutaka; Dotani, Tadayasu; Ebisawa, Ken; Guainazzi, Matteo; Hagino, Kouichi; Harayama, Atsushi; Hayashi, Katsuhiro; Hirose, Kazuyuki; Iizuka, Ryo; Inoue, Yoshiyuki; Inoue, Hajime; Ishida, Manabu; Ishimura, Kosei; Iwata, Naoko; Kawano, Taro; Kawasaki, Shigeo; Koyama, Shu; Lee, Shiu-Hang; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Minesugi, Kenji; Nakagawa, Takao; Nakashima, Shinya; Natsukari, Chikara; Odaka, Hirokazu; Ogawa, Hiroyuki; Ogawa, Mina; Ohta, Masayuki; Okazaki, Tsuyoshi; Ozaki, Masanobu; Sakai, Shin-ichiro; Sameshima, Hiroaki; Sato, Goro; Sato, Rie; Shibano, Yasuko; Shida, Maki; Shimada, Takanobu; Simionescu, Aurora; Takei, Yoh; Tamura, Takayuki; Tanaka, Yasuo; Tomida, Hiroshi; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Ueda, Shutaro; Ueno, Shiro; Wada, Atsushi; Watanabe, Shin; Yamada, Takahiro; Yamasaki, Noriko] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Kelley, Richard; Angelini, Lorella; Bialas, Thomas; Boyce, Kevin; Canavan, Edgar; Chiao, Meng; DiPirro, Michael; Eckart, Megan; Hamaguchi, Kenji; Harrus, Ilana; Hornschemeier, Ann; Kallman, Timothy; Kilbourne, Caroline; Kimball, Mark; Krimm, Hans; Leutenegger, Maurice; Markevitch, Maxim; Masters, Candace; Mcguinness, Daniel; Miko, Joseph; Mori, Hideyuki; Moseley, Harvey; Muench, Theodore; Mukai, Koji; Okajima, Takashi; Petre, Robert; Pontius, James; Porter, F. Scott; Pottschmidt, Katja; Sakai, Kazuhiro; Serlemitsos, Peter; Shirron, Peter; Simmons, Cynthia; Sneiderman, Gary; Soong, Yang; Tombesi, Francesco; Watanabe, Tomomi; Williams, Brian; Yamaguchi, Hiroya; Yaqoob, Tahir] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Ohashi, Takaya; Axelsson, Magnus; Ezoe, Yuichiro; Ichinohe, Yuto; Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Seta, Hiromi; Yamada, Shinya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Aharonian, Felix; Chernyakova, Maria] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Astron & Astrophys Sect, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Akamatsu, Hiroki; Costantini, Elisa; de Plaa, Jelle; den Herder, Jan-Willem; Giustini, Margherita; Gu, Liyi; Haas, Daniel; Kaastra, Jelle; Mehdipour, Missagh; de Vries, Cor] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Akimoto, Fumie; Furuzawa, Akihiro; Hayashi, Takayuki; Ishibashi, Kazunori; Kunieda, Hideyo; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Miyazawa, Takuya; Nagano, Housei; Tajima, Hiroyasu; Tamura, Keisuke; Tawara, Yuzuru; Yamaoka, Kazutaka] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Allen, Steve; Asai, Makoto; Blandford, Roger; Gilmore, Kirk; Kamae, Tuneyoshi; King, Ashley; Madejski, Grzegorz; Werner, Norbert; Zhuravleva, Irina] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Anabuki, Naohisa; Hayashida, Kiyoshi; Nagino, Ryo; Nakajima, Hiroshi; Tsunemi, Hiroshi] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Arnaud, Keith; Kara, Erin; Loewenstein, Michael; Mushotzky, Richard; Reynolds, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Audard, Marc; Azzarello, Philipp; Ferrigno, Carlo; Paltani, Stephane; Pohl, Martin] Univ Genoa, Dept Astron, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Awaki, Hisamitsu; Ogi, Keiji; Terashima, Yuichi] Ehime Univ, Dept Phys, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. [Bamba, Aya; Nakazawa, Kazuhiro; Ueda, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Bautz, Marshall; Bulbul, Esra; Miller, Eric] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Brenneman, Laura; Foster, Adam; Smith, Randall] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brown, Greg] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Cackett, Edward; Fabian, Andrew; Pinto, Ciro; Russell, Helen] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Coppi, Paolo; Szymkowiak, Andrew; Urry, Meg] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Done, Chris] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Doty, John] Noqsi Aerosp Ltd, Pine, CO 80470 USA. [Enoto, Teruaki; Mineshige, Shin] Kyoto Univ, Dept Astron, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi; Murakami, Toshio; Yonetoku, Daisuke] Kanazawa Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Fukazawa, Yasushi; Katsuta, Junichiro; Kitaguchi, Takao; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Ohno, Masanori; Takahashi, Hiromitsu; Tanaka, Yasuyuki] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Galeazzi, Massimiliano; Ursino, Eugenio] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Gallo, Luigi; Wilkins, Dan] St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. [Gandhi, Poshak] Univ Southampton, Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Goldwurm, Andrea; Laurent, Philippe; Lebrun, Francois; Limousin, Olivier; Maier, Daniel] CEA Saclay, IRFU Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Haba, Yoshito] Aichi Univ Educ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kariya, Aichi 4488543, Japan. [Hatsukade, Isamu; Mori, Koji; Nishioka, Yusuke; Yamauchi, Makoto] Miyazaki Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Elect Engn, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan. [Hiraga, Junko] Kwansei Gakuin Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Sanda, Hyogo 6691337, Japan. [Hoshino, Akio; Khangulyan, Dmitry; Kitamoto, Shunji; Saito, Shinya; Uchiyama, Yasunobu] Rikkyo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1718501, Japan. [Hughes, John] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Wik, Daniel] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ishikawa, Kumi; Tamagawa, Toru; Yuasa, Takayuki] RIKEN Nishina Ctr, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Itoh, Masayuki] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Human Dev & Environm, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Iyomoto, Naoko] Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan. [Jewell, Chris; Kretschmar, Peter; Lumb, David; Parmar, Arvind; Schartel, Norbert] ESA, European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESTEC, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Kataoka, Jun] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Katsuda, Satoru; Sugawara, Yasuharu; Tsuboi, Yohko] Chuo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1128551, Japan. [Kawaharada, Madoka; Okamoto, Atsushi; Sato, Yoichi; Shinozaki, Keisuke; Sugita, Hiroyuki] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Tsukuba Space Ctr TKSC, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Kawai, Nobuyuki; Sugita, Satoshi; Yatsu, Yoichi] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Kitayama, Tetsu] Toho Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2748510, Japan. [Kohmura, Takayoshi] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Chiba 2788510, Japan. [Kosaka, Tatsuro] Kochi Univ Technol, Sch Syst Engn, Kochi 7828502, Japan. [Koujelev, Alex; Moroso, Franco] Canadian Space Agcy, John H Chapman Space Ctr, Space Explorat Dev Space Explorat, Longueuil, PQ J3Y 8Y9, Canada. [Koyama, Katsuji; Tanaka, Takaaki; Tsuru, Takeshi; Uchida, Hiroyuki] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Kubota, Aya] Shibaura Inst Technol, Dept Elect Informat Syst, Saitama 3378570, Japan. [Long, Knox] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Makishima, Kazuo; Shidatsu, Megumi] RIKEN, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Matsumoto, Hironori] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Masukawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. [Matsushita, Kyoko; Sasaki, Toru; Sato, Kosuke] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1628601, Japan. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [McNamara, Brian] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Miller, Jon; Zoghbi, Abderahmen] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Murakami, Hiroshi] Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Dept Informat Sci, Fac Liberal Arts, Sendai, Miyagi 9813193, Japan. [Nakamori, Takeshi] Yamagata Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Yamagata 9908560, Japan. [Nakano, Toshio] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Early Universe, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Namba, Yoshiharu] Chubu Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kasugai, Aichi 4878501, Japan. [Nobukawa, Masayoshi] Nara Univ Educ, Dept Teacher Training, Nara 6308528, Japan. [Nobukawa, Masayoshi] Nara Univ Educ, Sch Educ, Nara 6308528, Japan. [Noda, Hirofumi] Tohoku Univ, Frontier Res Inst Interdisciplinary Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Nomachi, Masaharu] Osaka Univ, Nucl Phys Res Ctr, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [O' Dell, Steve; Ramsey, Brian] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Nobukawa, Kumiko; Ota, Naomi; Yamauchi, Shigeo] Nara Womens Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Nara 6308506, Japan. [Paerels, Frits] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Safi-Harb, Samar] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys & Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Sawada, Makoto; Yoshida, Atsumasa] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Phys & Math, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Stawarz, Lukasz] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Takeda, Shin'ichiro] Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol Grad Univ OIST, Adv Med Instrumentat Unit, Okinawa 9040495, Japan. [Tashiro, Makoto; Terada, Yukikatsu] Saitama Univ, Dept Phys, Saitama 3388570, Japan. [Uchiyama, Hideki] Shizuoka Univ, Fac Educ, Sci Educ, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan. [Uno, Shin'ichiro] Nihon Fukushi Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Handa, Aichi 4750012, Japan. RP Takahashi, T (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, ISAS, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. OI , kouichi/0000-0003-4235-5304 NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050U DI 10.1117/12.2232379 PN 1 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500019 ER PT S AU Takei, Y Yasuda, S Ishimura, K Iwata, N Okamoto, A Sato, Y Ogawa, M Sawada, M Kawano, T Obara, S Natsukari, C Wada, A Yamada, S Fujimoto, R Kokubun, M Yamasaki, NY Sugita, H Minesugi, K Nakamura, Y Mitsuda, K Takahashi, T Yoshida, S Tsunematsu, S Kanao, K Narasaki, K Otsuka, K Kelley, RL Porter, FS Kilbourne, CA Chiao, MP Eckart, ME Sneiderman, GA Pontius, JT McCammon, D Wilke, P Basile, J AF Takei, Yoh Yasuda, Susumu Ishimura, Kosei Iwata, Naoko Okamoto, Atsushi Sato, Yoichi Ogawa, Mina Sawada, Makoto Kawano, Taro Obara, Shingo Natsukari, Chikara Wada, Atsushi Yamada, Shinya Fujimoto, Ryuichi Kokubun, Motohide Yamasaki, Noriko Y. Sugita, Hiroyuki Minesugi, Kenji Nakamura, Yasuo Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Tadayuki Yoshida, Seiji Tsunematsu, Shoji Kanao, Kenichi Narasaki, Katsuhiro Otsuka, Kiyomi Kelley, Richard L. Porter, F. Scott Kilbourne, Caroline A. Chiao, Meng P. Eckart, Megan E. Sneiderman, Gary A. Pontius, James T. McCammon, Dan Wilke, Paul Basile, John BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Vibration isolation system for cryocoolers of Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard ASTRO-H (Hitomi) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Microcalorimeter; Cryocooler; microvibration; vibration isolation; ASTRO-H; Hitomi; SXS AB Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard ASTRO-H (named Hitomi after launch) is a microcalorimeter-type spectrometer, installed in a dewar to be cooled at 50 mK. The energy resolution of the SXS engineering model suffered from micro-vibration from cryocoolers mounted on the dewar. This is mitigated for the flight model by introducing vibration isolation systems between the cryocoolers and the dewar. The detector performance of the flight model was verified before launch of the spacecraft in both ambient condition and thermal-vac condition, showing no detectable degradation in energy resolution. The in-orbit performance was also consistent with that on ground, indicating that the cryocoolers were not damaged by launch environment. The design and performance of the vibration isolation system along with the mechanism of how the micro-vibration could degrade the cryogenic detector is shown. C1 [Takei, Yoh; Ishimura, Kosei; Iwata, Naoko; Sato, Yoichi; Ogawa, Mina; Kawano, Taro; Natsukari, Chikara; Wada, Atsushi; Kokubun, Motohide; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.; Minesugi, Kenji; Nakamura, Yasuo; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Takahashi, Tadayuki] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Yasuda, Susumu; Iwata, Naoko; Okamoto, Atsushi; Kawano, Taro; Obara, Shingo; Sugita, Hiroyuki] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Res & Dev Directorate, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058505, Japan. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Chuo Ku, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Yamada, Shinya] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Fujimoto, Ryuichi] Kanazawa Univ, Fac Math & Phys, Kakuma Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. [Yoshida, Seiji; Tsunematsu, Shoji; Kanao, Kenichi; Narasaki, Katsuhiro; Otsuka, Kiyomi] Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd, Ind Equipment Div, 5-2 Sobiraki Cho, Niihama, Ehime 7928588, Japan. [Kelley, Richard L.; Porter, F. Scott; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Chiao, Meng P.; Eckart, Megan E.; Sneiderman, Gary A.; Pontius, James T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wilke, Paul; Basile, John] Moog CSA Engn, 2581 Leghorn St, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. RP Takei, Y (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. EM takei@astro.isas.jaxa.jp NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050X DI 10.1117/12.2231832 PN 1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500022 ER PT S AU Tatischeff, V Tavani, M von Ballmoos, P Hanlon, L Oberlack, U Aboudan, A Argan, A Bernard, D Brogna, A Bulgarelli, A Bykov, A Campana, R Caraveo, P Cardillo, M Coppi, P De Angelis, A Diehl, R Donnarumma, I Fioretti, V Giuliani, A Grenier, I Grove, JE Hamadache, C Hartmann, D Hernanz, M Isern, J Kanbach, G Kiener, J Knodlseder, J Labanti, C Laurent, P Limousin, O Longo, F Marisaldi, M McBreen, S McEnery, JE Mereghetti, S Mirabel, F Morselli, A Nakazawa, K Peyre, J Piano, G Pittori, C Sabatini, S Stawarz, L Thompson, DJ Ulyanov, A Walter, R Wu, X Zdziarski, A Zoglauer, A AF Tatischeff, V. Tavani, M. von Ballmoos, P. Hanlon, L. Oberlack, U. Aboudan, A. Argan, A. Bernard, D. Brogna, A. Bulgarelli, A. Bykov, A. Campana, R. Caraveo, P. Cardillo, M. Coppi, P. De Angelis, A. Diehl, R. Donnarumma, I. Fioretti, V. Giuliani, A. Grenier, I. Grove, J. E. Hamadache, C. Hartmann, D. Hernanz, M. Isern, J. Kanbach, G. Kiener, J. Knodlseder, J. Labanti, C. Laurent, P. Limousin, O. Longo, F. Marisaldi, M. McBreen, S. McEnery, J. E. Mereghetti, S. Mirabel, F. Morselli, A. Nakazawa, K. Peyre, J. Piano, G. Pittori, C. Sabatini, S. Stawarz, L. Thompson, D. J. Ulyanov, A. Walter, R. Wu, X. Zdziarski, A. Zoglauer, A. CA E-ASTROGAM Collaboration BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The e-ASTROGAM gamma-ray space mission SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Gamma-ray astronomy; time-domain astronomy; space mission; Compton and pair creation telescope; gamma-ray polarization; high-energy astrophysical phenomena ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SOURCE CATALOG; ASTRONOMY; DETECTOR; DESIGN; CTA AB e-ASTROGAM is a gamma-ray space mission to be proposed as the M5 Medium-size mission of the European Space Agency. It is dedicated to the observation of the Universe with unprecedented sensitivity in the energy range 0.2 - 100 MeV, extending up to GeV energies, together with a groundbreaking polarization capability. It is designed to substantially improve the COMPTEL and Fermi sensitivities in the MeV-GeV energy range and to open new windows of opportunity for astrophysical and fundamental physics space research. e-ASTROGAM will operate as an open astronomical observatory, with a core science focused on (1) the activity from extreme particle accelerators, including gamma-ray bursts and active galactic nuclei and the link of jet astrophysics to the new astronomy of gravitational waves, neutrinos, ultra-high energy cosmic rays, (2) the high-energy mysteries of the Galactic center and inner Galaxy, including the activity of the supermassive black hole, the Fermi Bubbles, the origin of the Galactic positrons, and the search for dark matter signatures in a new energy window; (3) nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution, including the life cycle of elements produced by supernovae in the Milky Way and the Local Group of galaxies. e-ASTROGAM will be ideal for the study of high-energy sources in general, including pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae, accreting neutron stars and black holes, novae, supernova remnants, and magnetars. And it will also provide important contributions to solar and terrestrial physics. The e-ASTROGAM telescope is optimized for the simultaneous detection of Compton and pair-producing gamma-ray events over a large spectral band. It is based on a very high technology readiness level for all subsystems and includes many innovative features for the detectors and associated electronics. C1 [Tatischeff, V.; Kiener, J.; Peyre, J.] CNRS, CSNSM, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Tatischeff, V.; Hamadache, C.; Kiener, J.; Peyre, J.] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Tavani, M.; Argan, A.; Donnarumma, I.; Piano, G.; Sabatini, S.] INAF IAPS, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Tavani, M.; Stawarz, L.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dip Fis, Via Ric Sci, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Tavani, M.; Hanlon, L.] Gran Sasso Sci Inst, Viale Francesco Crispi 7, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [von Ballmoos, P.; Knodlseder, J.] IRAP, 9 Av Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse, France. [McBreen, S.; Ulyanov, A.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Oberlack, U.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, PRISMA Detector Lab, Mainz, Germany. [Aboudan, A.; Bulgarelli, A.; Campana, R.; Labanti, C.; Marisaldi, M.] INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Bernard, D.] Ecole Polytech, LLR, CNRS IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Bykov, A.] Ioffe Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Caraveo, P.; Giuliani, A.; Mereghetti, S.] INAF IASF Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cardillo, M.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Arcetri, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Coppi, P.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, POB 208101, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [De Angelis, A.] INFN Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35141 Padua, Italy. [Diehl, R.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Grenier, I.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA IRFU, AIM Paris Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Grove, J. E.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Hartmann, D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Hernanz, M.; Isern, J.] ICE CSIC IEEC, Campus UAB, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Laurent, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, APC, Observ Paris, CNRS IN2P3,CEA Irfu, 10 Rue Alice Domont & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Limousin, O.] CEA Saclay, DSM, Irfu, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dip Fis, Via Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Longo, F.] INFN, Via Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [McEnery, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Morselli, A.] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Nakazawa, K.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo, Japan. [Pittori, C.] ASI Sci Data Ctr ASDC, Via Politecn, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Pittori, C.] INAF OAR, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy. [Stawarz, L.] JAXA, ISAS, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Stawarz, L.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, Ulica Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Walter, R.] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneva, ISDC, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Zdziarski, A.] Cent Astron M Kopernika, Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Zoglauer, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tatischeff, V (reprint author), CNRS, CSNSM, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France.; Tatischeff, V (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France. EM Vincent.Tatischeff@csnsm.in2p3.fr RI Bykov, Andrei/E-3131-2014 NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99052N DI 10.1117/12.2231601 PN 1 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500075 ER PT S AU Tsujimoto, M Mitsuda, K Kelley, RL den Herder, JWA Akamatsu, H Bialas, TG Boyce, KR Brown, GV Chiao, MP Costantini, E de Vries, CP DiPirro, MJ Eckart, ME Ezoe, Y Fujimoto, R Haas, D Hoshino, A Ishikawa, K Ishisaki, Y Iyomoto, N Kilbourne, CA Kitamoto, S Koyama, S Leutenegger, MA McCammon, D Mitsuishi, I Murakami, H Murakami, M Noda, H Ogawa, M Ota, N Paltani, S Porter, FS Sato, K Sato, Y Sawada, M Seta, H Shinozaki, K Shirron, PJ Sneiderman, GA Sugita, H Szymkowiak, AE Takei, Y Tamagawa, T Tashiro, MS Terada, Y Yamada, S Yamasaki, NY Yatsu, Y AF Tsujimoto, Masahiro Mitsuda, Kazuhisa Kelley, Richard L. den Herder, Jan-Willem A. Akamatsu, Hiroki Bialas, Thomas G. Boyce, Kevin R. Brown, Gregory V. Chiao, Meng P. Costantini, Elisa de Vries, Cor P. DiPirro, Michael J. Eckart, Megan E. Ezoe, Yuichiro Fujimoto, Ryuichi Haas, Daniel Hoshino, Akio Ishikawa, Kumi Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Iyomoto, Naoko Kilbourne, Caroline A. Kitamoto, Shunji Koyama, Shu Leutenegger, Maurice A. McCammon, Dan Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Murakami, Hiroshi Murakami, Masahide Noda, Hirofumi Ogawa, Mina Ota, Naomi Paltani, Stephane Porter, Frederick S. Sato, Kosuke Sato, Yoichi Sawada, Makoto Seta, Hiromi Shinozaki, Keisuke Shirron, Peter J. Sneiderman, Gary A. Sugita, Hiroyuki Szymkowiak, Andrew E. Takei, Yoh Tamagawa, Toru Tashiro, Makoto S. Terada, Yukikatsu Yamada, Shinya Yamasaki, Noriko Y. Yatsu, Yoichi BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI In-orbit operation of the ASTRO-H SXS SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE ASTRO-H; SXS; in-orbit operations; X-ray micro-calorimeter AB We summarize all the in-orbit operations of the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard the ASTRO-H (Hitomi) satellite. The satellite was launched on 2016/02/17 and the communication with the satellite ceased on 2016/03/26. The SXS was still in the commissioning phase, in which the setups were progressively changed. This article is intended to serve as a reference of the events in the orbit to properly interpret the SXS data taken during its short life time, and as a test case for planning the in-orbit operation for future micro-calorimeter missions. C1 [Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Koyama, Shu; Ogawa, Mina; Takei, Yoh; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.] JAXA ISAS, Chou Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshino Dai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Kelley, Richard L.; Bialas, Thomas G.; Boyce, Kevin R.; Chiao, Meng P.; DiPirro, Michael J.; Eckart, Megan E.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Porter, Frederick S.; Shirron, Peter J.; Sneiderman, Gary A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [den Herder, Jan-Willem A.; Akamatsu, Hiroki; Costantini, Elisa; de Vries, Cor P.; Haas, Daniel] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Tsujimoto, M (reprint author), JAXA ISAS, Chou Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshino Dai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. EM tsujimot@astro.isas.jaxa.jp NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99050Y DI 10.1117/12.2231784 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500023 ER PT S AU Weisskopf, MC Ramsey, B O'Dell, S Tennant, A Elsner, R Soffitta, P Bellazzini, R Costa, E Kolodziejczak, J Kaspi, V Muleri, F Marshall, H Matt, G Romani, R AF Weisskopf, Martin C. Ramsey, Brian O'Dell, Stephen Tennant, Allyn Elsner, Ronald Soffitta, Paolo Bellazzini, Ronaldo Costa, Enrico Kolodziejczak, Jeffery Kaspi, Victoria Muleri, Fabio Marshall, Herman Matt, Giorgio Romani, Roger CA Entire IXPE Team BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray astronomy; X-ray polarimetry; X-ray imaging ID CRAB-NEBULA; RADIO-EMISSION; INTEGRAL SPI; POLARIZATION; PULSAR; BURST; X-1 AB The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) expands observation space by simultaneously adding polarization measurements to the array of source properties currently measured (energy, time, and location). IXPE will thus open new dimensions for understanding how X-ray emission is produced in astrophysical objects, especially systems under extreme physical conditions-such as neutron stars and black holes. Polarization singularly probes physical anisotropies-ordered magnetic fields, aspheric matter distributions, or general relativistic coupling to black-hole spin-that are not otherwise measurable. Hence, IXPE complements all other investigations in high-energy astrophysics by adding important and relatively unexplored information to the parameter space for studying cosmic X-ray sources and processes, as well as for using extreme astrophysical environments as laboratories for fundamental physics. C1 [Weisskopf, Martin C.; Ramsey, Brian; O'Dell, Stephen; Tennant, Allyn; Elsner, Ronald; Soffitta, Paolo; Bellazzini, Ronaldo; Costa, Enrico; Kolodziejczak, Jeffery] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, ZP12,320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Muleri, Fabio] IAPS INAF, Rome, Italy. [Kaspi, Victoria] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Marshall, Herman] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Matt, Giorgio] Univ Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. [Romani, Roger] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Weisskopf, MC (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, ZP12,320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. EM Martin.C.Weisskopf@nasa.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990517 DI 10.1117/12.2235240 PN 1 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500032 ER PT S AU Wilms, J Smith, SJ Peille, P Ceballos, MT Cobo, B Dauser, T Brand, T den Hartog, RH Bandler, SR de Plaa, J den Herder, JWA AF Wilms, J. Smith, S. J. Peille, P. Ceballos, M. T. Cobo, B. Dauser, T. Brand, T. den Hartog, R. H. Bandler, S. R. de Plaa, J. den Herder, J. -W. A. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI TESSIM: A simulator for the Athena-X-IFU SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Athena; simulation; transition edge detectors; X-ray detector ID STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS AB We present the design of tessim, a simulator for the physics of transition edge sensors developed in the framework of the Athen a end to end simulation effort. Designed to represent the general behavior of transition edge sensors and to provide input for engineering and science studies for Athena, tessim implements a numerical solution of the linearized equations describing these devices. The simulation includes a model for the relevant noise sources and several implementations of possible trigger algorithms. Input and output of the software are standard FITS-files which can be visualized and processed using standard X-ray astronomical tool packages. Tessim is freely available as part of the SIXTE package (http://www.sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de/research/sixte/). C1 [Wilms, J.; Dauser, T.; Brand, T.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Remeis Sternwarte & Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle, Sternwartstr 7, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Smith, S. J.; Bandler, S. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mail Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Peille, P.] Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, 9 Ave Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Ceballos, M. T.; Cobo, B.] CSIC UC, Inst Fis Cantabria, Avda Castros S-N, Santander 39005, Spain. [den Hartog, R. H.; de Plaa, J.; den Herder, J. -W. A.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Wilms, J (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Remeis Sternwarte & Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle, Sternwartstr 7, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. EM joern.wilms@sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de OI Ceballos, Maria Teresa/0000-0001-6074-3621 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 990564 DI 10.1117/12.2234435 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500171 ER PT S AU Wilson-Hodge, CA Ray, PS Chakrabarty, D Feroci, M Alvarez, L Baysinger, M Becker, C Bozzo, E Brandt, S Carson, B Chapman, J Dominguez, A Fabisinski, L Gangl, B Garcia, J Griffith, C Hernanz, M Hickman, R Hopkins, R Hui, M Ingram, L Jenke, P Korpela, S Maccarone, T Michalska, M Pohl, M Santangelo, A Schanne, S Schnell, A Stella, L van der Klis, M Watts, A Winter, B Zane, S AF Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A. Ray, Paul S. Chakrabarty, Deepto Feroci, Marco Alvarez, Laura Baysinger, Michael Becker, Chris Bozzo, Enrico Brandt, Soren Carson, Billy Chapman, Jack Dominguez, Alexandra Fabisinski, Leo Gangl, Bert Garcia, Jay Griffith, Christopher Hernanz, Margarita Hickman, Robert Hopkins, Randall Hui, Michelle Ingram, Luster Jenke, Peter Korpela, Seppo Maccarone, Tom Michalska, Malgorzata Pohl, Martin Santangelo, Andrea Schanne, Stephane Schnell, Andrew Stella, Luigi van der Klis, Michiel Watts, Anna Winter, Berend Zane, Silvia CA LOFT Consortium US-LOFT SWG LOFT-P Collaboration BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Large Observatory for x-ray Timing (LOFT-P): A Probe-class Mission Concept Study SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Neutron Stars; Black Holes; X-ray Timing; Silicon Drift Detectors; Mission Concepts AB LOFT-P is a mission concept for a NASA Astrophysics Probe-Class (<$1B) X-ray timing mission, based on the LOFT M-class concept originally proposed to ESAs M3 and M4 calls. LOFT-P requires very large collecting area, high time resolution, good spectral resolution, broad-band spectral coverage (2-30 keV), highly flexible scheduling, and an ability to detect and respond promptly to time-critical targets of opportunity. It addresses science questions such as: What is the equation of state of ultra dense matter? What are the effects of strong gravity on matter spiraling into black holes? It would be optimized for sub-millisecond timing of bright Galactic X-ray sources including X-ray bursters, black hole binaries, and magnetars to study phenomena at the natural timescales of neutron star surfaces and black hole event horizons and to measure mass and spin of black holes. These measurements are synergistic to imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy instruments, addressing much smaller distance scales than are possible without very long baseline X-ray interferometry, and using complementary techniques to address the geometry and dynamics of emission regions. LOFT-P would have an effective area of >6 m(2), > 10x that of the highly successful Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). A sky monitor (2-50 keV) acts as a trigger for pointed observations, providing high duty cycle, high time resolution monitoring of the X-ray sky with similar to 20 times the sensitivity of the RXTE All-Sky Monitor, enabling multi-wavelength and multi-messenger studies. A probe-class mission concept would employ lightweight collimator technology and large-area solid-state detectors, segmented into pixels or strips, technologies which have been recently greatly advanced during the ESA M3 Phase A study of LOFT. Given the large community interested in LOFT (> 800 supporters*, the scientific productivity of this mission is expected to be very high, similar to or greater than RXTE (similar to 2000 refereed publications). We describe the results of a study, recently completed by the MSFC Advanced Concepts Office, that demonstrates that such a mission is feasible within a NASA probe-class mission budget. C1 [Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A.; Baysinger, Michael; Becker, Chris; Carson, Billy; Chapman, Jack; Dominguez, Alexandra; Fabisinski, Leo; Gangl, Bert; Garcia, Jay; Hickman, Robert; Hopkins, Randall; Hui, Michelle; Ingram, Luster; Schnell, Andrew] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Ray, Paul S.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Chakrabarty, Deepto] MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA USA. [Feroci, Marco] INAF IASF, Rome, Italy. [Feroci, Marco] INFN Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Alvarez, Laura; Hernanz, Margarita] ICE CSIC IEEC, Barcelona, Spain. [Bozzo, Enrico] ISDC, Geneva, Switzerland. [Brandt, Soren] DTU, Lyngby, Denmark. [Griffith, Christopher] US Naval Res Lab, NRC Res Associate, Washington, DC USA. [Jenke, Peter] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Korpela, Seppo] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. [Maccarone, Tom] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Michalska, Malgorzata] Space Res Ctr, Warsaw, Poland. [Pohl, Martin] DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland. [Santangelo, Andrea] Tuebingen Univ, Tubingen, Germany. [Schanne, Stephane] CEA Saclay, IRFU, Saclay, France. [Stella, Luigi] INAF OA, Rome, Italy. [van der Klis, Michiel; Watts, Anna] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Winter, Berend; Zane, Silvia] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, London, England. RP Wilson-Hodge, CA (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM colleen.wilson@nasa.gov OI Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99054Y-1 DI 10.1117/12.2232944 PN 1 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500141 ER PT S AU Zhang, SN Feroci, M Santangelo, A Dong, YW Feng, H Lu, FJ Nandra, K Wang, ZS Zhang, S Bozzo, E Brandt, S De Rosa, A Gou, LJ Hernanz, M van der Klis, M Li, XD Liu, Y Orleanski, P Pareschi, G Pohl, M Poutanen, J Qu, JL Schanne, S Stella, L Uttley, P Watts, A Xu, RX Yu, WF In 't Zand, JJM Zane, S Alvarez, L Amati, L Baldini, L Bambi, C Basso, S Bhattacharyya, S Bellazzini, R Belloni, T Bellutti, P Bianchi, S Brez, A Bursa, M Burwitz, V Budtz-Jorgensen, C Caiazzo, I Campana, R Cao, XL Casellal, P Chen, CY Chen, L Chen, TX Chen, Y Chen, Y Chen, YP Civitani, M Zelati, FC Cui, W Cui, WW Dai, ZG Del Monte, E De Martino, D Di Cosimo, S Diebold, S Dovciak, M Donnarumma, I Doroshenko, V Esposito, P Evangelista, Y Favre, Y Friedrich, P Fuschino, F Galvez, JL Gao, ZL Ge, MY Gevin, O Goetz, D Han, DW Heyl, J Horak, J Hu, W Huang, F Huang, QS Hudec, R Huppenkothen, D Israel, GL Ingram, A Karas, V Karelin, D Jenke, PA Ji, L Kennedy, T Korpela, S Kunneriath, D Labanti, C Li, G Li, X Li, ZS Liang, EW Limousin, O Lin, L Ling, ZX Liu, HB Liu, HW Liu, Z Lu, B Lund, N Lai, D Luo, B Luo, T Ma, B Mahmoodifar, S Marisaldi, M Martindale, A Meidinger, N Men, YP Michalska, M Mignani, R Minuti, M Motta, S Muleri, F Neilsen, J Orlandini, M Pan, AT Patruno, A Perinati, E Picciotto, A Piemonte, C Pinchera, M Rachevski, A Rapisarda, M Rea, N Rossi, EMR Rubini, A Sala, G Shu, XW Sgro, C Shen, ZX Soffitta, P Song, LM Spandre, G Stratta, G Strohmayer, TE Sun, L Svoboda, J Tagliaferri, G Tenzer, C Tong, H Taverna, R Torok, G Turolla, R Vacchi, A Wang, J Wang, JX Walton, D Wang, K Wang, JF Wang, RJ Wang, YF Weng, SS Wilms, J Winter, B Wu, X Wu, XF Xiong, SL Xu, YP Xue, YQ Yan, Z Yang, S Yang, X Yang, YJ Yuan, F Yuan, WM Yuan, YF Zampa, G Zampa, N Zdziarski, A Zhang, C Zhang, CL Zhang, L Zhang, X Zhang, Z Zhang, WD Zheng, SJ Zhou, P Zhou, XL AF Zhang, S. N. Feroci, M. Santangelo, A. Dong, Y. W. Feng, H. Lu, F. J. Nandra, K. Wang, Z. S. Zhang, S. Bozzo, E. Brandt, S. De Rosa, A. Gou, L. J. Hernanz, M. van der Klis, M. Li, X. D. Liu, Y. Orleanski, P. Pareschi, G. Pohl, M. Poutanen, J. Qu, J. L. Schanne, S. Stella, L. Uttley, P. Watts, A. Xu, R. X. Yu, W. F. In 't Zand, J. J. M. Zane, S. Alvarez, L. Amati, L. Baldini, L. Bambi, C. Basso, S. Bhattacharyya, S. Bellazzini, R. Belloni, T. Bellutti, P. Bianchi, S. Brez, A. Bursa, M. Burwitz, V. Budtz-Jorgensen, C. Caiazzo, I. Campana, R. Cao, X. L. Casellal, P. Chen, C. Y. Chen, L. Chen, T. X. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. P. Civitani, M. Zelati, F. Coti Cui, W. Cui, W. W. Dai, Z. G. Del Monte, E. De Martino, D. Di Cosimo, S. Diebold, S. Dovciak, M. Donnarumma, I. Doroshenko, V. Esposito, P. Evangelista, Y. Favre, Y. Friedrich, P. Fuschino, F. Galvez, J. L. Gao, Z. L. Ge, M. Y. Gevin, O. Goetz, D. Han, D. W. Heyl, J. Horak, J. Hu, W. Huang, F. Huang, Q. S. Hudec, R. Huppenkothen, D. Israel, G. L. Ingram, A. Karas, V. Karelin, D. Jenke, P. A. Ji, L. Kennedy, T. Korpela, S. Kunneriath, D. Labanti, C. Li, G. Li, X. Li, Z. S. Liang, E. W. Limousin, O. Lin, L. Ling, Z. X. Liu, H. B. Liu, H. W. Liu, Z. Lu, B. Lund, N. Lai, D. Luo, B. Luo, T. Ma, B. Mahmoodifar, S. Marisaldi, M. Martindale, A. Meidinger, N. Men, Y. P. Michalska, M. Mignani, R. Minuti, M. Motta, S. Muleri, F. Neilsen, J. Orlandini, M. Pan, A. T. Patruno, A. Perinati, E. Picciotto, A. Piemonte, C. Pinchera, M. Rachevski, A. Rapisarda, M. Rea, N. Rossi, E. M. R. Rubini, A. Sala, G. Shu, X. W. Sgro, C. Shen, Z. X. Soffitta, P. Song, L. M. Spandre, G. Stratta, G. Strohmayer, T. E. Sun, L. Svoboda, J. Tagliaferri, G. Tenzer, C. Tong, H. Taverna, R. Torok, G. Turolla, R. Vacchi, A. Wang, J. Wang, J. X. Walton, D. Wang, K. Wang, J. F. Wang, R. J. Wang, Y. F. Weng, S. S. Wilms, J. Winter, B. Wu, X. Wu, X. F. Xiong, S. L. Xu, Y. P. Xue, Y. Q. Yan, Z. Yang, S. Yang, X. Yang, Y. J. Yuan, F. Yuan, W. M. Yuan, Y. F. Zampa, G. Zampa, N. Zdziarski, A. Zhang, C. Zhang, C. L. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhang, W. D. Zheng, S. J. Zhou, P. Zhou, X. L. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI eXTP: enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry Mission SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray astronomy; Neutron Star EOS; Strong Magnetism; Strong Gravity; X-ray timing; spectroscopy AB eXTP is a science mission designed to study the state of matter under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. Primary goals are the determination of the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, the measurement of QED effects in highly magnetized star, and the study of accretion in the strong-field regime of gravity. Primary targets include isolated and binary neutron stars, strong magnetic field systems like magnetars, and stellar-mass and supermassive black holes. The mission carries a unique and unprecedented suite of state-of-the-art scientific instruments enabling for the first time ever the simultaneous spectral-timing-polarimetry studies of cosmic sources in the energy range from 0.5-30 keV (and beyond). Key elements of the payload are: the Spectroscopic Focusing Array (SFA) - a set of 11 X-ray optics for a total effective area of similar to 0.9 m(2) and 0.6 m(2) at 2 keV and 6 keV respectively, equipped with Silicon Drift Detectors offering < 180 eV spectral resolution; the Large Area Detector (LAD) - a deployable set of 640 Silicon Drift Detectors, for a total effective area of similar to 3.4 m(2), between 6 and 10 keV, and spectral resolution better than 250 eV; the Polarimetry Focusing Array (PFA) - a set of 2 X-ray telescope, for a total effective area of 250 cm(2) at 2 keV, equipped with imaging gas pixel photoelectric polarimeters; the Wide Field Monitor (WFM) - a set of 3 coded mask wide field units, equipped with position-sensitive Silicon Drift Detectors, each covering a 90 degrees x 90 degrees field of view. The eXTP international consortium includes major institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Universities in China, as well as major institutions in several European countries and the United States. The predecessor of eXTP, the XTP mission concept, has been selected and funded as one of the so-called background missions in the Strategic Priority Space Science Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences since 2011. The strong European participation has significantly enhanced the scientific capabilities of eXTP. The planned launch date of the mission is earlier than 2025. C1 [Zhang, S. N.; Santangelo, A.; Dong, Y. W.; Lu, F. J.; Zhang, S.; Liu, Y.; Qu, J. L.; Cao, X. L.; Chen, T. X.; Chen, Y.; Chen, Y. P.; Cui, W. W.; Ge, M. Y.; Han, D. W.; Hu, W.; Ji, L.; Li, G.; Li, X.; Liu, H. W.; Lu, B.; Luo, T.; Song, L. M.; Sun, L.; Wang, R. J.; Xiong, S. L.; Xu, Y. P.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y. J.; Zhang, C. L.; Zheng, S. J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Key Lab Particle Astrophys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Feroci, M.; De Rosa, A.; Del Monte, E.; Di Cosimo, S.; Donnarumma, I.; Evangelista, Y.; Muleri, F.; Rapisarda, M.; Rubini, A.; Soffitta, P.; Wang, J.] IAPS INAF, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Zhang, S. N.; Santangelo, A.; Dong, Y. W.; Lu, F. J.; Zhang, S.; Liu, Y.; Qu, J. L.; Cao, X. L.; Chen, T. X.; Chen, Y.; Chen, Y. P.; Cui, W. W.; Diebold, S.; Doroshenko, V.; Ge, M. Y.; Han, D. W.; Hu, W.; Ji, L.; Li, G.; Li, X.; Liu, H. W.; Lu, B.; Luo, T.; Perinati, E.; Song, L. M.; Sun, L.; Tenzer, C.; Wang, R. J.; Xiong, S. L.; Xu, Y. P.; Yang, S.; Yang, Y. J.; Zhang, C. L.; Zheng, S. J.] IAAT Univ Tuebingen, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Bozzo, E.] Univ Geneva, ISDC, Chemin Ecogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Brandt, S.; Budtz-Jorgensen, C.; Lund, N.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej Bld 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hernanz, M.; Alvarez, L.; Galvez, J. L.; Karelin, D.; Rea, N.; Sala, G.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, Campus UAB,C Magrans S-N, Barcelona, Spain. [Pohl, M.; Favre, Y.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, DPNC, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland. [Feng, H.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Feng, H.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Z. S.; Huang, Q. S.; Ma, B.; Shen, Z. X.; Wang, K.; Zhang, Z.] Tongji Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Inst Precis Opt Engn, Key Lab Adv Microstruct Mat,Minist Educ, Shanghai 200090, Peoples R China. [Gou, L. J.; Ling, Z. X.; Liu, Z.; Yang, X.; Yuan, W. M.; Zhang, C.; Zhou, X. L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yu, W. F.; Chen, L.; Yan, Z.; Yuan, F.; Zhang, W. D.] Shanghai Astron Observ, 80 Nandan Rd, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Li, X. D.; Chen, Y.; Dai, Z. G.; Luo, B.; Zhang, X.; Zhou, P.] Nanjing Univ, 22 Hankou Rd, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cui, W.] Purdue Univ, 525 Northwestern Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Nandra, K.; Burwitz, V.; Friedrich, P.; Meidinger, N.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, Garching, Germany. [Xu, R. X.] Peking Univ, 5 Yiheyuan Rd, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Bambi, C.] Fudan Univ, Ctr Field Theory & Particle Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Bambi, C.] Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. Guangxi Univ, Dept Phys, GXU NAOC Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, Nanning 530004, Peoples R China. [Stella, L.; Casellal, P.; Israel, G. L.] INAF OA Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [van der Klis, M.; Uttley, P.; Watts, A.; Zelati, F. Coti; Ingram, A.; Rea, N.] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst, Postbus 94249, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [In 't Zand, J. J. M.] SRON, Sorbonnelaan 2, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Patruno, A.; Rossi, E. M. R.] Leiden Observ, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands. [Patruno, A.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Pareschi, G.; Basso, S.; Belloni, T.; Civitani, M.; Zelati, F. Coti; Tagliaferri, G.] INAF Brera Astron Observ, Via Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy. [Wilms, J.] Univ Erlangen Nuernberg, Remeis Observ, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Orleanski, P.; Michalska, M.] Space Res Ctr, Bartycka 18A, Warsaw, Poland. [Zdziarski, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Caiazzo, I.; Heyl, J.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Li, Z. S.] Xiangtan Univ, Dept Phys, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China. [Tong, H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Astron Observ, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, Peoples R China. [Lin, L.] Beijing Normal Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Amati, L.; Campana, R.; Fuschino, F.; Labanti, C.; Marisaldi, M.; Orlandini, M.] INAF IASF Bologna, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Taverna, R.; Turolla, R.] Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Esposito, P.; Mignani, R.] INAF IASF Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Mignani, R.] Univ Zielona Gora, Janusz Gil Inst Astron, Lubuska 2, PL-65265 Zielona Gora, Poland. [Baldini, L.; Bellazzini, R.; Brez, A.; Minuti, M.; Pinchera, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Huppenkothen, D.] NYU, Ctr Data Sci, 726 Broadway,7th Floor, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Bianchi, S.] Univ Rome III, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Shu, X. W.; Wang, J. X.; Xue, Y. Q.; Yuan, Y. F.] Univ Sci & Technol China, 96 JinZhai Rd, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Schanne, S.; Gevin, O.; Goetz, D.; Limousin, O.] CEA Saclay, DRF IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Korpela, S.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, POB 48, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Poutanen, J.] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Rachevski, A.; Vacchi, A.; Zampa, G.; Zampa, N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Via A Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bursa, M.; Dovciak, M.; Horak, J.; Hudec, R.; Karas, V.; Kunneriath, D.; Svoboda, J.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Astron Inst, Fricova 298, CZ-25165 Ondrejov, Czech Republic. [Hudec, R.] Czech Tech Univ, Zikova 1903-4, CZ-16636 Prague 6, Czech Republic. [Torok, G.] Silesian Univ Opava, Rybnicku 626-1, CZ-74601 Opava, Czech Republic. [Bhattacharyya, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, 1 Homi Bhabha Rd, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, India. [De Martino, D.] INAF OA Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Motta, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England. [Stratta, G.] Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Repubblica 13, I-61029 Urbino, Italy. [Neilsen, J.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Zelati, F. Coti] Univ Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Weng, S. S.] Nanjing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Weng, S. S.] Nanjing Normal Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Chen, C. Y.; Huang, F.] Shanghai Inst Satellite Engn, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Wang, J. F.] Xiamen Univ, Dept Astron, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Wang, J. F.] Xiamen Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Gao, Z. L.; Pan, A. T.; Wang, Y. F.; Zhang, L.] Inst Spacecraft Syst Engn, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Lai, D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Cornell Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Feroci, M.; Del Monte, E.; Evangelista, Y.; Liang, E. W.; Liu, H. B.; Muleri, F.; Pan, A. T.; Rapisarda, M.; Rubini, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Bellutti, P.; Men, Y. P.; Pan, A. T.; Picciotto, A.; Piemonte, C.; Wu, X. F.] Fdn Bruno Kessler, Via Sommar, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy. Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cui, W.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Cui, W.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Jenke, P. A.] Univ Alabama Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Mahmoodifar, S.; Strohmayer, T. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mahmoodifar, S.; Strohmayer, T. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Joint Space Sci Inst, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Zhang, SN (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Key Lab Particle Astrophys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. RI Karas, Vladimir/C-1559-2013; Kunneriath, Devaky/G-8513-2014; Horak, Jiri/G-9015-2014; Svoboda, Jiri/G-9045-2014; Bursa, Michal/G-9004-2014; Dovciak, Michal/F-4258-2014; Hudec, Rene/G-9018-2014; OI Karas, Vladimir/0000-0002-5760-0459; Dovciak, Michal/0000-0003-0079-1239; de Martino, Domitilla/0000-0002-5069-4202; Esposito, Paolo/0000-0003-4849-5092; Poutanen, Juri/0000-0002-0983-0049 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051Q-1 DI 10.1117/12.2232034 PN 1 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500047 ER PT S AU Zhang, WW Biskach, MP Chan, KW Mazzarella, JR McClelland, RS Riveros, RE Saha, TT Solly, PM AF Zhang, William W. Biskach, Michael P. Chan, Kai-Wing Mazzarella, James R. McClelland, Ryan S. Riveros, Raul E. Saha, Timo T. Solly, Peter M. BE DenHerder, JWA Takahashi, T Bautz, M TI Lightweight and High-Resolution Single Crystal Silicon Optics for X-ray Astronomy SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-ray optics; lightweight optics; silicon mirror; diffraction-limited x-ray optics AB We describe an approach to building mirror assemblies for next generation X-ray telescopes. It incorporates knowledge and lessons learned from building existing telescopes, including Chandra, XMM-Newton, Suzaku, and NuSTAR, as well as from our direct experience of the last 15 years developing mirror technology for the Constellation-X and International X-ray Observatory mission concepts. This approach combines single crystal silicon and precision polishing, thus has the potential of achieving the highest possible angular resolution with the least possible mass. Moreover, it is simple, consisting of several technical elements that can be developed independently in parallel. Lastly, it is highly amenable to mass production, therefore enabling the making of telescopes of very large photon collecting areas. C1 [Zhang, William W.; Saha, Timo T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Biskach, Michael P.; Mazzarella, James R.; McClelland, Ryan S.; Solly, Peter M.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Chan, Kai-Wing; Riveros, Raul E.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Zhang, WW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0189-5; 978-1-5106-0190-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9905 AR UNSP 99051S-1 DI 10.1117/12.2233070 PN 1 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2WP UT WOS:000387731500049 ER PT J AU Ilyushin, V Armieieva, I Dorovskaya, O Alekseev, E Motienko, RA Margules, L Drouin, B Tudorie, M Pirali, O AF Ilyushin, V. Armieieva, I. Dorovskaya, O. Alekseev, E. Motienko, R. A. Margules, L. Drouin, B. Tudorie, M. Pirali, O. GP IEEE TI The Torsional Fundamental Band and Submillimeter Wave Spectrum of Acetone SO 2016 9TH INTERNATIONAL KHARKIV SYMPOSIUM ON PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING OF MICROWAVES, MILLIMETER AND SUBMILLIMETER WAVES (MSMW) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Kharkiv Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves (MSMW) CY JUN 20-24, 2016 CL Kharkiv, UKRAINE DE acetone; microwave spectrum; methyl top internal rotation ID ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM; EXCITED-STATE; MOLECULES; CH3COCH3 AB A new study of the acetone (CH3)(2)CO spectrum is reported. The measurements covering the frequency range from 34 GHz to 940 GHz have been carried out using spectrometers in IRA NASU (Ukraine) and PhLAM Lille (France). The far infrared spectrum of acetone has been recorded on the AILES beamline of the synchrotron SOLEIL using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer coupled to a long path cell. The transitions belonging to the three lowest torsional states as well as to the observed fundamental band associated with the methyl- top torsion mode (nu(17)= 1) have been analyzed using recently developed model for the molecules with two equivalent methyl rotors and C-2v symmetry at equilibrium (PAM_ C2v_ 2tops program). The dataset consisting of more than 26100 microwave and 1100 FIR line frequencies and including transitions with J up to 89 was fit using a model consisting of 119 parameters and weighted root-mean-square deviation of 0.89 has been achieved. C1 [Ilyushin, V.; Armieieva, I.; Dorovskaya, O.; Alekseev, E.] Inst Radio Astron NASU, Microwave Spect Dept, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Alekseev, E.] Kharkov Natl Univ, Quantum Radiophys Dept, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Motienko, R. A.; Margules, L.] Univ Lille 1, Lab Phys Lasers Atomes & Mol, Villeneuve Dascq, France. [Drouin, B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Tudorie, M.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Serv Chim Quant & Photophys, CP 160-09,50 Ave FD Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Pirali, O.] Synchrotron SOLEIL, Ligne AILES, BP 48, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Ilyushin, V (reprint author), Inst Radio Astron NASU, Microwave Spect Dept, Kharkov, Ukraine. EM ilyushin@rian.kharkov.ua NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2267-0 PY 2016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JK UT WOS:000390312800092 ER PT S AU Pasareanu, CS Phan, QS Malacaria, P AF Pasareanu, Corina S. Quoc-Sang Phan Malacaria, Pasquale GP IEEE TI Multi-run side-channel analysis using Symbolic Execution and Max-SMT SO 2016 IEEE 29TH COMPUTER SECURITY FOUNDATIONS SYMPOSIUM (CSF 2016) SE Proceedings-Computer Security Foundations Workshop LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 29th Computer Security Foundations Symposium (CSF) CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2016 CL Lisbon, PORTUGAL SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Calouste Gulbenkian Fdn, IEEE Comp Soc Comm Secur & Privacy, Univ Lisboa, Inst Super Tecnico, Inst Telecomunicacoes, Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian DE Side-Channel Attacks; Quantitative Information Flow; Cryptography; Multi-run Security; Symbolic Execution; Satisfiability Modulo Theories; Max-SMT AB Side-channel attacks recover confidential information from non-functional characteristics of computations, such as time or memory consumption. We describe a program analysis that uses symbolic execution to quantify the information that is leaked to an attacker who makes multiple side-channel measurements. The analysis also synthesizes the concrete public inputs (the "attack") that lead to maximum leakage, via a novel reduction to Max-SMT solving over the constraints collected with symbolic execution. Furthermore model counting and information-theoretic metrics are used to compute an attacker's remaining uncertainty about a secret after a certain number of side-channel measurements are made. We have implemented the analysis in the Symbolic PathFinder tool and applied it in the context of password checking and cryptographic functions, showing how to obtain tight bounds on information leakage under a small number of attack steps. C1 [Pasareanu, Corina S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Quoc-Sang Phan] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Malacaria, Pasquale] Queen Mary Univ London, London, England. RP Pasareanu, CS (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, NASA Ames, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM corina.s.pasareanu@nasa.gov; sang.phan@sv.cmu.edu; p.malacaria@qmul.ac.uk NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6900 BN 978-1-5090-2607-4 J9 P IEEE CSFW PY 2016 BP 387 EP 400 DI 10.1109/CSF.2016.34 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG6HZ UT WOS:000390301600029 ER PT S AU Lessard, S Bruce, J Jung, E Teodorescu, M SunSpiral, V Agogino, A AF Lessard, Steven Bruce, Jonathan Jung, Erik Teodorescu, Mircea SunSpiral, Vytas Agogino, Adrian BE Okamura, A Menciassi, A Ude, A Burschka, D Lee, D Arrichiello, F Liu, H Moon, H Neira, J Sycara, K Yokoi, K Martinet, P Oh, P Valdastri, P Krovi, V TI A Lightweight, Multi-Axis Compliant Tensegrity Joint SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA) SE IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation ICRA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) CY MAY 16-21, 2016 CL Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst, Stockholm, SWEDEN SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, ABB, DJI, KUKA, Husqvarna, iRobot, Khalifa Univ, Kinova Univ, MOOG, PAL Robot, UBER, Amazon HO Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst AB In this paper, we present a lightweight, multi-axis compliant tensegrity joint that is biologically inspired by the human elbow. This tensegrity elbow actuates by shortening and lengthening cables in a method inspired by muscular actuation in a person. Unlike many series elastic actuators, this joint is structurally compliant not just along each axis of rotation, but along other axes as well. Compliant robotic joints are indispensable in unpredictable environments, including ones where the robot must interface with a person. The joint also addresses the need for functional redundancy and flexibility, traits which are required for many applications that investigate the use of biologically accurate robotic models. C1 [Lessard, Steven; Bruce, Jonathan; Jung, Erik; SunSpiral, Vytas; Agogino, Adrian] NASA, Ames Dynam Tensegr Robot Lab, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lessard, Steven; Bruce, Jonathan; Jung, Erik; Teodorescu, Mircea; Agogino, Adrian] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [SunSpiral, Vytas] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. RP Lessard, S (reprint author), NASA, Ames Dynam Tensegr Robot Lab, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.; Lessard, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM slessard@ucsc.edu; jbruce@soe.ucsc.edu; eajung@ucsc.edu; mteodore@ucsc.edu; vytas.sunspiral@nasa.gov; adrian.k.agogino@nasa.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1050-4729 BN 978-1-4673-8026-3 J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT PY 2016 BP 630 EP 635 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics GA BG5KH UT WOS:000389516200078 ER PT S AU Friesen, JM Glick, P Fanton, M Manovi, P Xydes, A Bewley, T Sunspiral, V AF Friesen, Jeffrey M. Glick, Paul Fanton, Michael Manovi, Pavlo Xydes, Alexander Bewley, Thomas Sunspiral, Vytas BE Okamura, A Menciassi, A Ude, A Burschka, D Lee, D Arrichiello, F Liu, H Moon, H Neira, J Sycara, K Yokoi, K Martinet, P Oh, P Valdastri, P Krovi, V TI The Second Generation Prototype of A Duct Climbing Tensegrity Robot, DuCTTv2 SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA) SE IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation ICRA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) CY MAY 16-21, 2016 CL Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst, Stockholm, SWEDEN SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, ABB, DJI, KUKA, Husqvarna, iRobot, Khalifa Univ, Kinova Univ, MOOG, PAL Robot, UBER, Amazon HO Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst AB Duct exploration and maintenance is a task well suited for small agile robots, which must be capable of navigating complex and irregular systems of ducts. Previously, we presented a tensegrity robot, DuCTT (Duct Climbing Tetrahedral Tensegrity), which demonstrated the plausibility of such a robot for duct exploration but was never able to successfully demonstrate climbing. Here we present DuCTTv2, redesigned from the ground up to address issues with actuator power, cable routing, compliance and synchronized control present in our first prototype. These improvements allow the prototype to be the first tensegrity robot to demonstrate duct climbing, and does so with an average climb speed of 1.4 cm/s. We also demonstrate initial tests of the prototypes ability to bend and translate its two segments relative to one another, which will allow it to navigate T-junctions and sharp corners commonly found in duct systems. Testing of the prototype is conducted to demonstrate the new faster and more robust control of motion, and analysis of dynamic simulations is presented. C1 [Friesen, Jeffrey M.; Glick, Paul; Fanton, Michael; Bewley, Thomas] UC San Diego Coordinated Robot Lab, MC 0411, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Manovi, Pavlo] Dept Comp Engn, UC Santa Cruz 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Xydes, Alexander] Univ Calif San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mail Code 0404, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Sunspiral, Vytas] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Intelligent Robot Grp, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Friesen, JM (reprint author), UC San Diego Coordinated Robot Lab, MC 0411, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jfriesen@ucsd.edu; pglick@ucsd.edu; mfanton@stanford.edu; me@pavlo.me; axydes@eng.ucsd.edu; bewley@ucsd.edu; vytas.sunspiral@nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1050-4729 BN 978-1-4673-8026-3 J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT PY 2016 BP 2123 EP 2128 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics GA BG5KH UT WOS:000389516201124 ER PT S AU Furlong, PM Dille, M Wong, U Nefian, A AF Furlong, P. Michael Dille, Michael Wong, Uland Nefian, Ara BE Okamura, A Menciassi, A Ude, A Burschka, D Lee, D Arrichiello, F Liu, H Moon, H Neira, J Sycara, K Yokoi, K Martinet, P Oh, P Valdastri, P Krovi, V TI Safeguarding a Lunar Rover with Wald's Sequential Probability Ratio Test SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA) SE IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation ICRA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) CY MAY 16-21, 2016 CL Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst, Stockholm, SWEDEN SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, ABB, DJI, KUKA, Husqvarna, iRobot, Khalifa Univ, Kinova Univ, MOOG, PAL Robot, UBER, Amazon HO Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst AB The virtual bumper is a safeguarding mechanism for autonomous and remotely operated robots to conservatively avoid collisions even in the face of sensor uncertainty. In this paper we take a new approach to the virtual bumper system by applying a powerful but rarely examined statistical test. By using a modified version of Wald's sequential probability ratio test, we demonstrate that we can reduce the number of false positives reported by the virtual bumper, thereby saving valuable mission time. We further use the concept of sequential probability ratio to control vehicle speed in the presence of possible obstacles in order to increase certainty about whether or not obstacles are present. With this principled obstacle certainty measure, our new algorithm reduces the chances of collision by approximately 98% relative to traditional virtual bumper safeguarding without speed control. C1 [Furlong, P. Michael; Dille, Michael; Wong, Uland; Nefian, Ara] NASA, Intelligent Robot Grp, SGT, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Furlong, PM (reprint author), NASA, Intelligent Robot Grp, SGT, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM padraig.m.furlong@nasa.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1050-4729 BN 978-1-4673-8026-3 J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT PY 2016 BP 5411 EP 5418 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics GA BG5KH UT WOS:000389516204089 ER PT S AU Samoska, L Fung, A Varonen, M Lin, R Peralta, A Soria, M Lee, C Padmanabhan, S Sarkozy, S Lai, R AF Samoska, Lorene Fung, Andy Varonen, Mikko Lin, Robert Peralta, Alejandro Soria, Mary Lee, Choonsup Padmanabhan, Shannila Sarkozy, Stephen Lai, Richard GP IEEE TI Miniature Packaging Concept for LNAs in the 200-300 GHz Range SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE Millimeter wave technology; MMICs; HEMTs ID MMICS AB In this work, we describe new miniaturized low noise amplifier modules which we developed for incorporation in small-scale satellites or Cubesats, and which exhibit similar or better performance compared to previously reported LNAs in the literature. We have targeted the WR4 (170-260 GHz) and WR3 (220-325 GHz) waveguide bands for the module development. The modules include two different methods of E-plane probes which have been developed for low loss, and stability at high frequencies. MMIC LNAs were also developed for these frequency ranges and fabricated in Northrop Grumman Corporation's 35 nm InP HEMT technology, and we have experimentally verified that noise performance is lower than reported in prior work. The best results include a miniature LNA module with 550K noise at 224 GHz, and a wideband LNA module with 15 dB gain from 230-280 GHz. C1 [Samoska, Lorene] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. Aalto Univ, Espoo, Finland. Northrop Grumman Corp, Redondo Beach, CA USA. RP Samoska, L (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200221 ER PT S AU Shah, U Reck, T Decrossas, E Jung-Kubiak, C Frid, H Chattopadhyay, G Mehdi, I Oberhammer, J AF Shah, U. Reck, T. Decrossas, E. Jung-Kubiak, C. Frid, H. Chattopadhyay, G. Mehdi, I. Oberhammer, J. GP IEEE TI 500-750 GHz Submillimeter-Wave MEMS Waveguide Switch SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE Micromachined waveguide; RF MEMS; waveguide switch; switch; submillimeter-wave; terahertz; THz AB This paper presents a 500-750 GHz waveguide based single-pole single-throw (SPST) switch achieving a 40% bandwidth. It is the first ever RF MEMS switch reported to be operating above 220 GHz. The switch is based on a MEMS-reconfigurable surface which can block the wave propagation in the waveguide by short-circuiting the electrical field lines of the TE10 mode. The switch is designed for optimized isolation in the blocking state and for optimized insertion loss in the non-blocking state. The measurement results of the first prototypes show better than 15 dB isolation in the blocking state and better than 3 dB insertion loss in the non-blocking state for 500-750 GHz. The higher insertion loss is mainly attributed to the insufficient metal thickness and surface roughness on the waveguide sidewalls. Two switch designs with different number of blocking elements are fabricated and compared. The overall switch bandwidth is limited by the waveguide only and not by the switch technology itself. C1 [Shah, U.; Frid, H.; Oberhammer, J.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Reck, T.; Decrossas, E.; Jung-Kubiak, C.; Chattopadhyay, G.; Mehdi, I.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Shah, U (reprint author), KTH Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200146 ER PT S AU Simons, RN Wintucky, EG AF Simons, Rainee N. Wintucky, Edwin G. GP IEEE TI Multi-Band Multi-Tone Tunable Millimeter-Wave Frequency Synthesizer For Satellite Beacon Transmitter SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE Comb Generator; Propagation; Satellite; Synthesizer; Transmitter ID ACTS AB This paper presents the design and test results of a multi-band multi-tone tunable millimeter-wave frequency synthesizer, based on a solid-state frequency comb generator. The intended application of the synthesizer is in a satellite beacon transmitter for radio wave propagation studies at K-band (18 to 26.5 GHz), Q-band (37 to 42 GHz), and E-band (71 to 76 GHz). In addition, the architecture for a compact beacon transmitter, which includes the multi-tone synthesizer, polarizer, horn antenna, and power/control electronics, has been investigated for a notional space-to-ground radio wave propagation experiment payload on a small satellite. The above studies would enable the design of robust high throughput multi-Gbps data rate future space-to-ground satellite communication links. C1 [Simons, Rainee N.; Wintucky, Edwin G.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Simons, RN (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200327 ER PT S AU Tang, A Reck, T Shu, R Samoska, L Kim, Y Ye, Y Gul, Q Drouin, BJ Trueuel, J Al Hadi, R Xu, Y Sarkozy, S Lai, R Chang, MCF Mehdi, I AF Tang, A. Reck, T. Shu, R. Samoska, L. Kim, Yangyho Ye, Y. Gul, Q. Drouin, B. J. Trueuel, J. Al Hadi, R. Xu, Y. Sarkozy, S. Lai, R. Chang, M-C F. Mehdi, Imran GP IEEE TI A W-Band 65nm CMOS/InP-Hybrid Radiometer & Passive Imager SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE Radiometer; CMOS Passive Imager; SoC AB This paper presents a 90-100 GHz heterodyne radiometer module based on a CMOS receiver system-on-chip (SoC). The SoC contains a frequency synthesizer, downconverter, RF&IF amplification, as well as a wide range of auto-leveling and calibration, and LO stabilization functions. To provide low-noise operation the CMOS SoC is packaged within a waveguide block and mated with an InP MMIC based LNA pre-amplifier. The complete module delivers noise performance below 400 degrees K and is capable of less than 0.5K NE Delta T with an integration time of 50 ms. The entire radiometer instrument consumes 257mW of power and weighs only 334 grams. C1 [Tang, A.; Shu, R.; Ye, Y.; Gul, Q.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tang, A.; Reck, T.; Samoska, L.; Drouin, B. J.; Trueuel, J.; Mehdi, Imran] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Tang, A.; Kim, Yangyho; Al Hadi, R.; Xu, Y.; Chang, M-C F.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Sarkozy, S.; Lai, R.] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Redondo Beach, CA USA. RP Tang, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Tang, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.; Tang, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200416 ER PT S AU Tang, A Reck, T Kim, Y Virbila, G Chattopadhyay, G Chang, MCF AF Tang, A. Reck, T. Kim, Y. Virbila, G. Chattopadhyay, G. Chang, M. -C. Frank GP IEEE TI A 65nm CMOS 88-105 GHz DDFS-Based Fractional Synthesizer For High Resolution Planetary Exploration Spectroscopy SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE PISSARRO PLL; Fractional W-Band; Phase-Lock Loop AB This paper presents a fractional 88-105 GHz frequency synthesizer module developed to support THz spectrometer instruments for planetary exploration. The presented module features low power operation and a small form factor to be compatible with the demanding payload requirements of NASA planetary missions. The core of the module is a CMOS System-on-Chip (SoC) containing a 50 GHz phase-lock loop and W-band frequency doubler, driven by a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) and DAC to provide finely tuned reference frequencies allowing fractional operation. The chip contains a wide range of calibration functions for temperature and radiation exposure compensation. The demonstrated module draws a total of 152 mW of power from a USB connection and provides coverage from 88-105 GHz with output powers up to -15 dBm. The offered mid-band phase noise is measured at 89.5 dBc/Hz evaluated at 1 MHz offset from the carrier. C1 [Tang, A.; Kim, Y.; Virbila, G.; Chang, M. -C. Frank] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Tang, A.; Reck, T.; Chattopadhyay, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Tang, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Tang, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200406 ER PT S AU Tang, A AF Tang, A. GP IEEE TI A Preliminary Evaluation of Active Millimeter-Wave Radiometry at W-Band for Enhancement of Material Contrasts SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE Radiometer; Passive Imager; Laser; IR AB this paper introduces active radiometry, an mm-wave imaging technique where thermal excitation is exploited to enhance the contrast attained from radiometric measurements at mm-wave frequencies. By combining an off-the-shelf W-band radiometer with a digitally modulated IR laser source, the attainable contrast between various materials to both transient and continuously modulated thermal excitations is evaluated. Initial laboratory measurements of the active radiometer concept are presented and discussed. C1 [Tang, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Tang, A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Tang, A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Tang, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Tang, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Tang, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200046 ER PT S AU Wang, N Javadi, H Jarrahi, M AF Wang, Ning Javadi, Hamid Jarrahi, Mona GP IEEE TI Heterodyne Terahertz Detection with Plasmonic Photomixers SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE Heterodyne; terahertz detection; plasmonic; photomixing; large dynamic range ID OPTOELECTRONICS AB A novel heterodyne terahertz detector is presented that replaces terahertz mixer and local oscillator of conventional heterodyne terahertz detectors with a plasmonic photomixer pumped by an optical local oscillator. The optical local oscillator consists of two wavelength-tunable continuous-wave optical sources with a terahertz frequency difference. As a result, detection bandwidth and sensitivity of the presented heterodyne terahertz detector is not limited by radiation frequency and power restrictions of conventional terahertz sources. We demonstrate a first proof-of-concept heterodyne detector prototype designed for operation at 0.1 THz frequency range, which offers dynamic ranges as high as 70 dB. C1 [Wang, Ning; Jarrahi, Mona] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wang, Ning; Jarrahi, Mona] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Javadi, Hamid] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Wang, N (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Wang, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200396 ER PT J AU Garoche, PL Kahsai, T Thirioux, X AF Garoche, Pierre-Loic Kahsai, Temesghen Thirioux, Xavier TI Hierarchical State Machines as Modular Horn Clauses SO ELECTRONIC PROCEEDINGS IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SEMANTICS; SYSTEMS; STATECHARTS AB In model based development, embedded systems are modeled using a mix of dataflow formalism, that capture the flow of computation, and hierarchical state machines, that capture the modal beahviour of the system. For safety analysis, existing approaches rely on a compilation scheme that transform the original model (dataflow and state machines) into a pure dataflow formalism. Such compilation often result in loss of important structural information that capture the modal behaviour of the system. In previous work we have developed a compilation technique from a dataflow formalism into modular Horn clauses. In this paper, we present a novel technique that faithfully compile hierarchical state machines into modular Horn clauses. Our compilation technique preserves the structural and modal behavior of the system, making the safety analysis of such models more tractable. C1 [Garoche, Pierre-Loic] Onera French Aerosp Lab, DTIM, UFT, Palaiseau, France. [Kahsai, Temesghen] NASA Ames, CMU, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Thirioux, Xavier] CNRS, UFT, IRIT, ENSEEIHT, F-75700 Paris, France. RP Garoche, PL (reprint author), Onera French Aerosp Lab, DTIM, UFT, Palaiseau, France. FU ANR-INSE CAFEIN project; NASA [NNX14AI09G] FX This work was partially supported by the ANR-INSE-2012 CAFEIN project and NASA Contract No. NNX14AI09G. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPEN PUBL ASSOC PI SYDNEY PA OPEN PUBL ASSOC, SYDNEY, 00000, AUSTRALIA SN 2075-2180 J9 ELECTRON PROC THEOR JI Electron. Proc. Theor. Comput. Sci. PY 2016 IS 219 BP 15 EP 28 DI 10.4204/EPTCS.219.2 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EF4SB UT WOS:000390321200005 ER PT J AU Whitney, NM Taquet, M Brill, RW Girard, C Schwieterman, GD Dagorn, L Holland, KN AF Whitney, Nicholas M. Taquet, Marc Brill, Richard W. Girard, Charlotte Schwieterman, Gail D. Dagorn, Laurent Holland, Kim N. TI Swimming depth of dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) associated and unassociated with fish aggregating devices SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID ARCHIVAL TAG DATA; EQUATORIAL EASTERN PACIFIC; WESTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC; TUNA THUNNUS-ALBACARES; VERTICAL MOVEMENTS; YELLOWFIN TUNA; NORTH-CAROLINA; PELAGIC FISH; ULTRASONIC TELEMETRY; HABITAT UTILIZATION AB Dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus), large pelagic predators and important fishery targets, frequently associate with floating debris or manmade fish aggregating devices (FADs). We tagged 8 dolphinfish with pressure-sensitive ultrasonic transmitters and actively tracked individuals continuously for up to 40 h to elucidate the vertical movement patterns and differences between FADassociated (FAD-A) and FAD-unassociated (FAD-U) fish. Four additional fish were equipped with acoustic transmitters and passively monitored for several days with receivers attached to FADs. When not associated with FADs, dolphinfish used the upper 75-100 m of the water column during the day and made descents up to 160 m during the night. In contrast, FAD-A fish generally stayed within the upper 10 m of the water column and tended to make deeper excursions during the day rather than at night. Water temperature data from expendable bathythermo-graphs deployed during active tracking showed that fish only descended to depths where temperatures were <= 3 degrees C cooler than the uniform-temperature surface layer. The use of vertical behavior to determine whether a dolphinfish is associated or not with a floating object opens the possibility for new, large-scale research aimed at investigating the role of floating objects in the ecosystem inhabited by this species and at assessing the impacts of FADs on its ecology. C1 [Whitney, Nicholas M.; Schwieterman, Gail D.] Mote Marine Lab, Behav Ecol & Physiol Program, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Taquet, Marc] Inst Rech Dev, EIO, UMR, BP 529, Papeete 98713, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia. [Brill, Richard W.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2570 Dole St, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Girard, Charlotte; Dagorn, Laurent] Inst Rech Dev, UMR Marine Biodivers Exploitat & Conservat MARBEC, Ave Jean Monnet CS 30171, F-34203 Sete, France. [Holland, Kim N.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, POB 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. RP Whitney, NM (reprint author), Mote Marine Lab, Behav Ecol & Physiol Program, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. EM nwhitney@mote.org FU European Union Fish Aggregating Devices as Instrumental Observaties of pelagic ecosystems (FADIO) [QLRI-CT-2002-02773]; European Union Dynamique et Organisation des Ressources Associees aux Dispositifs Epipelagiques (DORADE) project (DIRED) [31008/DIRED/JPP/rp]; Regional Council of Reunion Island; Region Reunion FX Tagging in the Indian Ocean was cofunded by the European Union Fish Aggregating Devices as Instrumental Observaties of pelagic ecosystems (FADIO) project (DG Research, QLRI-CT-2002-02773) and the European Union Dynamique et Organisation des Ressources Associees aux Dispositifs Epipelagiques (DORADE) project (DIRED-Ifremer No. 31008/DIRED/JPP/rp), with additional support from the Regional Council of Reunion Island. We are grateful to the crews of the MV Indian Ocean Explorer and FV Cap Morgan, to the French and Spanish skippers of the purse-seine fishing fleet in the Indian Ocean for their collaboration, and to C. White for analytical advice. C. Girard benefited from a grant provided by the Region Reunion. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0090-0656 EI 1937-4518 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PY 2016 VL 114 IS 4 BP 426 EP 434 DI 10.7755/FB.114.4.5 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EF2GV UT WOS:000390143700005 ER PT S AU Lih, SS Lee, HJ Bar-Cohen, Y AF Lih, Shyh-Shiuh Lee, Hyeong Jae Bar-Cohen, Yoseph BE Kundu, T TI In-situ measurement of the height of condensed water in steam pipes with dynamic flow SO HEALTH MONITORING OF STRUCTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Conference on Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems CY MAR 21-24, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP SPIE, Polytec Inc, OZ Opt Ltd, ASP Dynam Inc, TA Electroforce Corp, ElectroForce Syst Grp, Inst Phys, Amer Elements DE Health monitoring; water level in pipe; dynamic surface conditions; Hilbert Transform; signal processing AB A method based on the use of enhanced filtered Hilbert envelope of the wave signal was developed in order to monitor the height of condensed water through the wall of steam pipes having dynamic flow conditions. A prototype testbed was designed and fabricated in this study to simulate the dynamic flow conditions including the air stream flowing above the water and bubble induced disturbance. A dual-transducer was used to perform the test as a basis for the multiple transducers system to facilitate the detectability and reliability for long term monitoring of the condensed water height in dynamic conditions. The results demonstrated that the method of measuring the water height using multiple-transducer system employing the developed novel signal processing technique is an efficient and accurate tool for practical applications C1 [Lih, Shyh-Shiuh; Lee, Hyeong Jae; Bar-Cohen, Yoseph] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 67-119,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Lih, SS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 67-119,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM lih@jpl.nasa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0046-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9805 AR 980510 DI 10.1117/12.2219217 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BG3ZZ UT WOS:000388442000029 ER PT S AU Tian, ZH Leckey, CAC Yu, LY AF Tian, Zhenhua Leckey, Cara A. C. Yu, Lingyu BE Kundu, T TI Phased Array Beamforming and Imaging in Composite Laminates Using Guided Waves SO HEALTH MONITORING OF STRUCTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Conference on Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems CY MAR 21-24, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP SPIE, Polytec Inc, OZ Opt Ltd, ASP Dynam Inc, TA Electroforce Corp, ElectroForce Syst Grp, Inst Phys, Amer Elements DE guided waves; phased arrays; anisotropic composites; array imaging; multiple defects; rapid inspection ID PLATE-LIKE STRUCTURES; LAMB WAVES; DAMAGE DETECTION; TRANSDUCER ARRAYS; GROUP-VELOCITY; LOCALIZATION; INSPECTION; INTERROGATION; INTEGRITY; SENSORS AB This paper presents the phased array beamforming and imaging using guided waves in anisotropic composite laminates. A generic phased array beamforming formula is presented, based on the classic delay-and-sum principle. The generic formula considers direction-dependent guided wave properties induced by the anisotropic material properties of composites. Moreover, the array beamforming and imaging are performed in frequency domain where the guided wave dispersion effect has been considered. The presented phased array method is implemented with a non-contact scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) to detect multiple simulated defects at different locations in an anisotropic composite plate. The array is constructed of scan points in a small area rapidly scanned by the SLDV. Using the phased array method, multiple simulated defects at different locations are successfully detected. Our study shows that the guided wave phased array method is a potential effective method for rapid inspection of large composite structures. C1 [Tian, Zhenhua; Yu, Lingyu] Univ South Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Leckey, Cara A. C.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Nondestruct Evaluat Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Tian, ZH (reprint author), Univ South Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM tianz@email.sc.edu NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0046-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9805 AR 980505 DI 10.1117/12.2218954 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BG3ZZ UT WOS:000388442000005 ER PT S AU Ali, ZA Alvarez, P Black, D Ediss, G Granen, S Hanna, K Kandlagunta, M Koerber, C Lott, J Perryman, G Sandberg, E Tanaka, L Waddell, P Kaminski, C Latter, W AF Ali, Z. A. Alvarez, P. Black, D. Ediss, G. Granen, S. Hanna, K. Kandlagunta, M. Koerber, C. Lott, J. Perryman, G. Sandberg, E. Tanaka, L. Waddell, P. Kaminski, C. Latter, W. BE Strojnik, M TI Science Ground Operations for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) SO INFRARED REMOTE SENSING AND INSTRUMENTATION XXIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XXIV CY AUG 29-30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Infrared astronomy; detectors; operations; airborne; NASA; ground support; facilities AB The NASA Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), is a 2.5 meter telescope in a modified Boeing 747SP aircraft that is flown at high altitude to do unique astronomy in the infrared. SOFIA is a singular integration of aircraft operations, telescope design, and science instrumentation that delivers observational opportunities outside the capability of any other facility. The science ground operations are the transition and integration point of the science, aircraft, and telescope. We present the ground operations themselves and the tools used to prepare for mission success. Specifically, we will discuss the concept of operations from science instrument delivery to aircraft operation and mission readiness. Included in that will be a description of the facilities and their development, an overview of the SOFIA telescope assembly simulator, as well as an outlook to the future of novel science instrument support for SOFIA. C1 [Ali, Z. A.; Alvarez, P.; Ediss, G.; Granen, S.; Hanna, K.; Kandlagunta, M.; Perryman, G.; Sandberg, E.; Tanaka, L.; Waddell, P.; Latter, W.] NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, SOFIA Operat Ctr, Sci & Aircraft Integrat Facil, MS241,2825 East Ave P, Palmdale, CA 93550 USA. [Black, D.; Koerber, C.; Lott, J.; Kaminski, C.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, SOFIA Sci Ctr, MS 232, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Ali, ZA (reprint author), NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, SOFIA Operat Ctr, Sci & Aircraft Integrat Facil, MS241,2825 East Ave P, Palmdale, CA 93550 USA. EM zali@sofia.usra.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0337-0; 978-1-5106-0338-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9973 AR UNSP 99730M DI 10.1117/12.2237058 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BG6GD UT WOS:000390265000018 ER PT S AU Becklin, EE Young, ET Savage, ML AF Becklin, E. E. Young, E. T. Savage, M. L. BE Strojnik, M TI Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) SO INFRARED REMOTE SENSING AND INSTRUMENTATION XXIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XXIV CY AUG 29-30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Infrared astronomy; polarimetry; detectors; spectroscopy; airborne; NASA AB The joint U.S. and German Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA), project has been operating airborne astronomy flights from Palmdale, California since 2011. The observatory consists of a modified 747-SP aircraft with a 2.5-meter telescope in its aft section. SOFIA has a suite of eight science instruments spanning visible to far-infrared wavelengths. For the majority of the year SOFIA operates out of the Armstrong Flight Research Center in Palmdale, California, giving access to Northern Hemisphere targets. SOFIA's mobility also allows observations in the Southern Hemisphere (Christchurch, New Zealand), of objects such as the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, the Galactic Center, and Eta Carinae In 2016, SOFIA added polarimetry capability on SOFIA, with HAWC+ commissioning flights. Selected science results, current instrument suite status, new capabilities, and some expectations of future instrument developments over the lifetime of the observatory will be discussed. C1 [Becklin, E. E.; Young, E. T.; Savage, M. L.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, SOFIA Sci Ctr, MS N232, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Becklin, EE (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Univ Space Res Assoc, SOFIA Sci Ctr, MS N232, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM ebecklin@sofia.usra.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0337-0; 978-1-5106-0338-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9973 AR UNSP 99730I DI 10.1117/12.2238788 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BG6GD UT WOS:000390265000014 ER PT S AU Gunapala, SD Rafol, SB Ting, DZ Soibel, A Hill, CJ Khoshakhlagh, A Nguyen, J Baker, L Fisher, A Liu, JK Mumolo, JM Keo, SA Pepper, B AF Gunapala, S. D. Rafol, S. B. Ting, D. Z. Soibel, A. Hill, C. J. Khoshakhlagh, A. Nguyen, J. Baker, L. Fisher, A. Liu, J. K. Mumolo, J. M. Keo, S. A. Pepper, B. BE Strojnik, M TI 1/f Noise QWIPs, nBn, and Superlattice Detectors SO INFRARED REMOTE SENSING AND INSTRUMENTATION XXIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XXIV CY AUG 29-30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE infrared detector; QWIP; nBn; focal plane array; 1/f noise ID WELL INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS AB The low-frequency noise is a ubiquitous phenomenon and the spectral power density of this fluctuation process is inversely proportional to the frequency of the signal. We have measured the 1/f noise of a 640x512 pixel quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) focal plane array (FPA) with 6.2 mu m peak wavelength. Our experimental observations show that this QWIP FPA's 1/f noise corner frequency is about 0.1 mHz. With this kind of low frequency stability, QWIPs could unveil a new class of infrared applications that have never been imagined before. Furthermore, we present the results from a similar 1/f noise measurement of bulk InAsSb absorber (lattice matched to GaSb substrate) nBn detector array with 4.0 mu m cutoff wavelength. C1 [Gunapala, S. D.; Rafol, S. B.; Ting, D. Z.; Soibel, A.; Hill, C. J.; Khoshakhlagh, A.; Nguyen, J.; Baker, L.; Fisher, A.; Liu, J. K.; Mumolo, J. M.; Keo, S. A.; Pepper, B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Ctr Infrared Photodetectors, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Gunapala, SD (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Ctr Infrared Photodetectors, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0337-0; 978-1-5106-0338-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9973 AR UNSP 997302 DI 10.1117/12.2236556 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BG6GD UT WOS:000390265000002 ER EF