FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Bulsara, AR Inchiosa, ME Gammaitoni, L AF Bulsara, AR Inchiosa, ME Gammaitoni, L TI Noise-controlled resonance behavior in nonlinear dynamical systems with broken symmetry SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC RESONANCE AB We study noise-controlled resonant behavior in periodically modulated, overdamped bistable dynamic elements subject to a symmetry-breaking de signal. The spectral amplitudes of the harmonics of the modulation frequency are found to exhibit multiple maxima whose occurrence depends on matchings of deterministic and stochastic time scales; in turn, these times depend on the noise statistics and the degree of asymmetry. We demonstrate the phenomenological results via analytical and numerical computations on an rf SQUID loop, and propose this technique to detect weak signals using a ''frequency hopping'' mechanism to circumvent detector noise limitations. C1 UNIV PERUGIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. RP Bulsara, AR (reprint author), USN,CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RDT&E DIV,CODE 364,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. RI Gammaitoni, Luca/B-5375-2009 OI Gammaitoni, Luca/0000-0002-4972-7062 NR 11 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 9 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 11 BP 2162 EP 2165 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2162 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VF416 UT WOS:A1996VF41600004 ER PT J AU Heuer, WB Pearson, WH AF Heuer, WB Pearson, WH TI Synthesis and characterization of nickel-group bis(dithiocroconate) complexes and dicyanomethylene-substituted analogues SO JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DALTON TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-IR ABSORPTION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; METAL-COMPLEXES; SPECTRA; LIGAND AB Two series of nickel-group metal bis(dithiolene) complexes with ligands 4,5-disulfanylcyclopent-4-ene-1,2,3-trionate (L(1)) and 2-dicyanomethylene-4,5-disulfanylcyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dionate (L(2)) have been prepared and characterized: [NBu(4)(n)](2)[M(L(i))(2)] (M = Ni, Pd or Pt; i = 1 or 2). Oxidation of the dianion complexes yielded paramagnetic monoanions with ESR spectra indicative of a delocalized b(3g) HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital), like that previously found for comparable bis(dithiolene) complexes. The intense low-energy visible absorptions and multiple, reversible reductions exhibited by the dianions likewise suggest that the LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) is a ligand-based a(u)(pi*) orbital, rather than the b(1g)(d(xy)) orbital as commonly found for such complexes. The stabilization of the ligand-based LUMO in this case is attributed to the strongly electron-withdrawing character of the ligand substituents. Iodination of [NBu(4)(n)](2)[Pd(L(2))(2)] in CH2Cl2 solution yielded the novel iodine inclusion compound [NBu(4)(n)](2)[Pd(L(2))(2)]. I-2, which crystallizes in space group with Z = 1, a = 10.792(3), b = 13.995(5), c = 10.737(3) Angstrom, alpha = 105.48(1), beta = 115.15(1) and gamma = 76.51(2)degrees at 25 degrees C. The I-2 molecules are associated with the complex anions through short [3.1696(9) Angstrom] S ... I contacts; however, the observed I-I distance [2.7354(4) Angstrom] indicates that the degree of charge transfer associated with this interaction is small. RP Heuer, WB (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,STOP 9B,527 HOLLOWAY RD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0300-9246 J9 J CHEM SOC DALTON JI J. Chem. Soc.-Dalton Trans. PD SEP 7 PY 1996 IS 17 BP 3507 EP 3513 DI 10.1039/dt9960003507 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA VH907 UT WOS:A1996VH90700003 ER PT J AU Turner, DC Peek, BM Wertz, TE Archibald, DD Geer, RE Gaber, BP AF Turner, DC Peek, BM Wertz, TE Archibald, DD Geer, RE Gaber, BP TI Enzymatic modification of a chemisorbed lipid monolayer SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ARTIFICIAL MEMBRANE CHROMATOGRAPHY; C BACILLUS-CEREUS; X-RAY; PHOSPHOLIPASE-C; POLYMER SURFACES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GOLD SURFACES; IMMOBILIZATION AB The selectivity and specificity of enzymes may be exploited to create chemically complex surfaces which are difficult or impossible to achieve using classical synthetic chemistry. In this paper we discuss the preparation of a chemisorbed lipid film on a silicon wafer and explore the activity of free phospholipase C (PLC) on that film. A carboxylic acid derivative of the lipid dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) was attached to an amino-terminal silane (EDA) via amide bond formation to create an immobilized lipid layer (EDA-DMPC). Films were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray reflectivity, and ellipsometry. Following treatment with the enzyme phospholipase C (PLC), which catalyzes the cleavage of the lipid headgroup at the glycerol-phosphate ester bond, the lipid him was reanalyzed using the above techniques. Before analysis, nonspecifically adsorbed PLC was removed with a 25% trifluoroethanol rinse. XPS and SIMS results of the cleaned films show nearly complete removal of the phosphate from the lipid layer, indicating enzymatic activity of the PLC on the chemisorbed lipid layer. C1 CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN, LAB MOL INTERFACIAL INTERACT, NAVAL RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD SEP 4 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 18 BP 4411 EP 4416 DI 10.1021/la951520o PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA VF861 UT WOS:A1996VF86100017 ER PT J AU Geer, RE Naciri, J Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R AF Geer, RE Naciri, J Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R TI Optimization of pyroelectricity in the smectic-C* phase of a liquid-crystalline terpolymer SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GOLDSTONE MODE; SOFT MODE; POLARIZATION; TRANSITION AB The dynamic pyroelectric response in the smectic-C* (SmC*) phase of a novel class of polysiloxane terpolymers is reported. In these terpolymers methyl groups and two distinct types of mesogenic side chains are attached to the siloxane backbone. Our investigations reveal that the magnitude and temperature dependence of the pyroelectric signal, as well as the temperature range of the SmC* phase, can be controlled by varying the relative side-chain composition. This permits optimization of the pyroelectric properties over a temperature range extending to subambient. Specifically, the pyroelectric coefficient p can be made very nearly temperature independent, and the ratio p/epsilon' extremely high, making these materials suitable for uncooled infrared detectors. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Geer, RE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 2 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 10 BP 1405 EP 1407 DI 10.1063/1.117596 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VE530 UT WOS:A1996VE53000022 ER PT J AU Wang, FC Zhang, WE Yang, CH Yang, MJ Bennett, BR AF Wang, FC Zhang, WE Yang, CH Yang, MJ Bennett, BR TI Observation of electrically resettable negative persistent photoconductivity in InAs/AlSb single quantum wells SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON CONCENTRATIONS; GAAS; ACCUMULATION; MODULATION; DEFECT AB The mechanism of the negative persistent photoconductivity (NPPC) in InAs/AlSb single quantum wells is discussed. The molecular beam epitaxy grown single InAs quantum well sample is made into Hall bars with the substrate as the backgate. Using the newly designed buffer, the gate bias can deplete or enhance the two-dimensional electrons in the InAs quantum well without substantial gate leakage current. Based on the 4.2 K magnetoresistance data, and the fact that the trapped electrons can be redistributed by gate bias, we conclude that: the NPPC effect at low temperatures is a result of the capture of photoexcited electrons by ordinary, deep donors in AlSb. Numerical modeling using physical assumptions can quantitatively explain our experimental observation, and the calculated AlSb donor energy is 0.41+/-0.05 eV above the AlSb valence band maximum, with 4 x 10(16)/cm(3) to 10(17)/cm(3) in concentration. The previously discussed DX-center-like characteristic of deep levels in AlSb, i.e., lattice-relaxation with a relatively high activation energy, is not evidenced in this work. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MARYLAND, JOINT PROGRAM ADV ELECT MAT, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP Wang, FC (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ELECT ENGN, LAB PHYS SCI, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 NR 17 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD SEP 2 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 10 BP 1417 EP 1419 DI 10.1063/1.117600 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VE530 UT WOS:A1996VE53000026 ER PT J AU Amatucci, WE Walker, DN Ganguli, G Antoniades, JA Duncan, D Bowles, JH Gavrishchaka, V Koepke, ME AF Amatucci, WE Walker, DN Ganguli, G Antoniades, JA Duncan, D Bowles, JH Gavrishchaka, V Koepke, ME TI Plasma response to strongly sheared flow SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-CYCLOTRON TURBULENCE; SHEET BOUNDARY-LAYER; VELOCITY-SHEAR; ELECTRIC-FIELD; MAGNETIC-FIELD; INSTABILITIES; DRIVEN; SIMULATION; WAVES AB Laboratory observations of reactively driven plasma waves in the ion-cyclotron frequency range associated with a localized, transverse de electric field are reported. This wave excitation occurs even when the field-aligned current is negligible, a situation often reported in the space plasma environment. The fluctuation spectrum is broadband in frequency and its peak depends on the magnitude of the de electric field. Comparison with theory indicates that these waves result from a strong inhomogeneity in the energy density caused by sheared E x B flow. C1 SACHS FREEMAN ASSOCIATES INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. RP Amatucci, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 37 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 2 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 10 BP 1978 EP 1981 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1978 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VE351 UT WOS:A1996VE35100017 ER PT J AU Mathew, J Fernsler, RF Meger, RA Gregor, JA Murphy, DP Pechacek, RE Manheimer, WM AF Mathew, J Fernsler, RF Meger, RA Gregor, JA Murphy, DP Pechacek, RE Manheimer, WM TI Generation of large area, sheet plasma mirrors for redirecting high frequency microwave beams SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Large area, planar, sheet plasma mirrors have been generated with electron densities high enough to reflect X-band microwave beams. The 50 cm x 60 cm negative glow plasmas operate in air and other gases at similar to 100 mTorr. These plasmas are immersed in an axial magnetic field of moderate strength (150-250 G). and they may be capable of being rapidly steered. The cathode which generates these sheet plasmas operates in a mode that appears to be distinctly different from the abnormal glow and hollow cathode modes. RP Mathew, J (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 2 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 10 BP 1982 EP 1985 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1982 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VE351 UT WOS:A1996VE35100018 ER PT J AU Kovalev, D Averboukh, B BenChorin, M Koch, F Efros, AL Rosen, M AF Kovalev, D Averboukh, B BenChorin, M Koch, F Efros, AL Rosen, M TI Optically induced polarization anisotropy in porous Si SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE POLARIZATION; SILICON; AUGER AB Strong surface-plane polarization anisotropy of the probe photoluminescence induced by a polarized cw pump beam has been observed in porous Si. At room temperature the effect is simultaneous with the pump and depends strongly on its intensity. At low temperature long lived anisotropy of the photoluminescence polarization is induced by a preliminary soaking with polarized light. Both effects are described by the selective excitation of nonspherical Si crystals aligned along the vector polarization of the pumping light together with complete suppression of the photoluminescence by nonradiative Auger processes in crystals with an additional hole and/or electron. C1 USN,RES LAB,NANOSTRUCT OPT SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Kovalev, D (reprint author), TECH UNIV MUNICH,PHYS DEPT E16,D-85747 GARCHING,GERMANY. NR 11 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD SEP 2 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 10 BP 2089 EP 2092 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2089 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VE351 UT WOS:A1996VE35100045 ER PT J AU Ross, IM AF Ross, IM TI An analysis of first-order singular thrust-arcs in rocket trajectory optimization SO ACTA ASTRONAUTICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 45th International Astronautical Congress CY OCT 09-14, 1994 CL JERUSALEM, ISRAEL AB The time-free, Mayer-optimal control problem for coplanar rocket flight in an atmosphere is formulated. Lie brackets are used to analyse the resulting singular thrust magnitude and steering along the singular are. Previously, an analysis of the endoatmospheric singular are had been a source of frustration due to the laborious mathematical manipulations involved and the lack of necessary integrals to eliminate the annoying costate variables. While the Lie-bracket formalism does not appreciably reduce the mathematical labor, it is readily apparent by the choice of polar coordinates that sufficient integrals of motion exist to cast the singular control in a state feedback form for both optimal and prescribed, fixed-angle steering. From this result, it is shown that non-optimal steering alters the structure of the singular are. Consequently, a steering-induced, first-order, exoatmospheric singular are is derived by considering the limiting case of a vanishing atmosphere. For the special case of steering along the velocity vector. it is shown that the exoatmospheric singular thrust magnitude is simply equal to a component of the gravitational force. RP Ross, IM (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0094-5765 J9 ACTA ASTRONAUT JI Acta Astronaut. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 6 BP 417 EP 422 DI 10.1016/S0094-5765(96)00105-1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WR453 UT WOS:A1996WR45300002 ER PT J AU Marsh, SP Glicksman, ME AF Marsh, SP Glicksman, ME TI Kinetics of phase coarsening in dense systems SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID VOLUME FRACTION; OSTWALD AB Diffusion-limited coarsening is formulated as a statistical description of the evolving particle size distribution. Diffusional interactions among dispersed particles are accounted for using a statistical field cell associated with each particle size class. The field cells correlate particle volumes with an averaged growth rate and the corresponding volume of the matrix phase associated with a particle's transport field. The particle and matrix volumes obey a linear affine transformation, derived here from self-similar dynamics. The coarsening kinetics are determined by adding two global constraints on the distributional representation of the microstructure, which specify the volume fraction and critical (zero-growth) particle size in terms of explicit spatial and ensemble averages. Comparison of the theoretically predicted coarsening rates with those obtained from liquid-phase sintering experiments in binary alloys show agreement over a wide range of phase fractions. C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST,TROY,NY 12180. RP Marsh, SP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6325,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Glicksman, Martin/0000-0002-2675-2759 NR 21 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 9 BP 3761 EP 3771 DI 10.1016/1359-6454(95)00451-3 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VD016 UT WOS:A1996VD01600029 ER PT J AU McCarthy, MC Wignall, FS Sanchez, J Gotuzzo, E Alarcon, J Phillips, I Watts, DM Hyams, KC AF McCarthy, MC Wignall, FS Sanchez, J Gotuzzo, E Alarcon, J Phillips, I Watts, DM Hyams, KC TI The epidemiology of HIV-1 infection in Peru, 1986-1990 SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; HIV-1; Peru AB Objective: To determine the extent of the HIV-1 epidemic in Peru. Design: Part of a national serosurvey in Peru. Methods: Between January 1986 and December 1990, 140 976 serum samples were tested for HIV-1 antibody. Results: HIV-1 antibody was found in a high percentage of serum samples provided by 4300 homosexual men (26%), 2204 male sexually transmitted disease patients (10%), 145 drug users (13%), 269 hemophiliacs (10%), and 146 unlicensed female prostitutes (10%). In addition, the prevalence of HIV-1 infection increased substantially among these groups between the beginning and end of the survey period. A low but rising prevalence of HIV-1 antibody was found during this period among serum samples provided by 83 526 blood donors and 11 101 military personnel: total period prevalence, 0.25 and 0.32%, respectively. Conclusion: These data indicate that HIV-1 infection is epidemic in Peru among groups at high risk of sexually and parenterally transmitted diseases, and that the risk of infection appears to be low but possibly increasing among the general population. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, MED RES INST DETACHMENT, BETHESDA 14, MD USA. USN, LIMA, PERU. VIA LIBRE ASSOC, LIMA, PERU. UNIV PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA, LIMA, PERU. UNIV NACL MAYOR SAN MARCOS, MED RES INST, LIMA, PERU. USN, BETHESDA, MD USA. OI Alarcon, Jorge/0000-0002-0800-2380 NR 7 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD SEP PY 1996 VL 10 IS 10 BP 1141 EP 1145 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA VE790 UT WOS:A1996VE79000013 PM 8874632 ER PT J AU Hodgdon, JA Friedl, KE Beckett, MB Westphal, KA Shippee, RL AF Hodgdon, JA Friedl, KE Beckett, MB Westphal, KA Shippee, RL TI Use of bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements as predictors of physical performance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National-Institutes-of-Health-Technology-Assessment Conference on Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Body Composition Measurement CY DEC 12-14, 1994 CL BETHESDA, MD SP NIDDKD, NIH, Off Med Applicat Res, NICHHD, NIA, NHLBI, USDA DE strength testing; bioelectrical impedance analysis; body composition; skinfold thickness; fat-free mass; military personnel; physical classification and selection tests ID FAT-FREE MASS; BODY-FAT; SKINFOLD THICKNESS; YOUNG MEN; DENSITY AB Through its association with fat-free mass (FFM), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) offers an alternative to physical performance testing. We examined the relations between stature(2)/resistance (S-2/R), FFM, and muscular strength in data from three studies of young military men and women. Resistance was measured at 50 kHz by using the conventional tetrapolar electrode method. FFM was based on skinfold thicknesses, and estimated with the regression equations of Durnin and Womersley. Strength was measured as a one-repetition maximum on an incremental lift test (IL1RM), which is widely used by the military services to predict overall body strength. Although there was an association between IL1RM and S-2/R in each of these studies (correlations ranged from 0.35 to 0.53), correlations were strongest between FFM and S-2/R (R = 0.53 to 0.85), indicating that BIA and FFM derived from skinfold thicknesses are better correlated with each other than are the relations of either of these with physical performance. Modest increases in FFM and strength in one 8-wk training study correlated with S-2/R; however, large decreases in FFM and strength in another study (with weight losses of 10 kg in 8 wk) were not reflected by changes in S-2/R. Thus, BIA is not particularly useful for performance prediction despite its moderate relation to FFM. BIA is especially problematic with large changes in body composition, for which there are apparent deviations in hydration status; expedient methods such as skinfold predictions will be more resistant to such effects. C1 USA, ENVIRONM MED RES INST, OCCUPAT HLTH & PERFORMANCE DIRECTORATE, NATICK, MA 01760 USA. RP USN, HLTH RES CTR, DEPT HUMAN PERFORMANCE, POB 85122, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 64 IS 3 SU S BP 463 EP 468 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA VE984 UT WOS:A1996VE98400012 ER PT J AU Wick, CE Loew, MH KurantsinMills, J AF Wick, CE Loew, MH KurantsinMills, J TI Modeling and simulation of illumination effects for evaluation of microvessels of the conjunctiva SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE image processing; microcirculation ID MICROCIRCULATION; MORPHOMETRY; LIGHT AB We present the development of a comprehensive model that was undertaken to determine the relationships between the components of an image and the light intensity values present in the image of the microvessels of translucent tissues such as the bulbar conjunctiva. Experiments were conducted during the modeling process by use of a cylindrical microvessel embedded in a diffuse medium (phantom) on a reflecting background to affirm model components and simulations. The three-dimensional model was reduced to a single illumination plane with four regions of interest and modeled as Lambertian radiators and surfaces. The modeling showed that the top of the cylinder and its immediate vicinity are diffuse reflectors of light from the source plus light reflected from the background. The limbus of the cylinder is a diffuse reflector of the source and background illumination and a specular reflector of background reflections that achieve a high grazing angle with the cylinder. The immediate vicinity of the cylinder receives direct illumination from the source, but the light is partially obscured by the cylinder. The region beyond the shadow of the cylinder is a diffuse reflector of the overhead light. The diffuse medium additionally reflects the source and also attenuates the illumination reaching the other components of the scene. The direct-and reflected illumination at each region of the model was calculated by use of specific geometric relationships. To verify those calculations, we analyzed a video simulation for the effects of different illumination conditions and their contributing elements. Intensity values were calculated from the relative reflectivity data determined from the video signals. The illumination values at the points along the line at the meridian of the cylinder were due to its reflectivity and also that-of the medium. Similarly, the values of points distant from the shadow of the cylinder were due to the reflectivity of the background and the medium. The excellent agreement between the model and the phantom provides a foundation for the detection and precise measurement of microvessel dimensions within a diffuse medium. The additional ability to compute relative depth, from a single view, also permits discrimination between neighboring microvessels in complex images. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI, WASHINGTON, DC 20052 USA. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT MED, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA. RP Wick, CE (reprint author), USN ACAD, DEPT WEAPONS & SYST ENGN, 105 MARYLAND AVE, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21402 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R29-HL-38521] NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 271 IS 3 BP H1229 EP H1239 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA VH789 UT WOS:A1996VH78900051 PM 8853363 ER PT J AU Donovan, JL Nesbit, GM AF Donovan, JL Nesbit, GM TI Distinction of masses involving the sella and suprasellar space: Specificity of imaging features SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Review ID RATHKES CLEFT CYSTS; GIANT INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS; ENHANCED MR IMAGES; PITUITARY-ADENOMAS; DIFFERENTIAL-DIAGNOSIS; CRANIAL CHORDOMAS; CLIVAL CHORDOMAS; CT; MENINGIOMAS; CRANIOPHARYNGIOMAS C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. USN,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,DIV NEURORADIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 69 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 167 IS 3 BP 597 EP 603 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VD396 UT WOS:A1996VD39600010 PM 8751659 ER PT J AU Love, RW AF Love, RW TI Scapegoats: a defense of Kimmel and Short at Pearl-Harbor - Beach,EL SO AMERICAN NEPTUNE LA English DT Book Review RP Love, RW (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PEABODY MUSEUM PI SALEM PA E INDIA MARINE HALL, SALEM, MA 01970 SN 0003-0155 J9 AM NEPTUNE JI Am. Neptune PD FAL PY 1996 VL 56 IS 4 BP 411 EP 413 PG 3 WC History SC History GA WR006 UT WOS:A1996WR00600022 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM Jones, RT Yunginger, JW AF Kelso, JM Jones, RT Yunginger, JW TI Monospecific allergy to swordfish SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHALLENGE AB Background: Fish allergy is a relatively common and potentially fatal condition. Most fish allergic subjects are allergic to multiple fish species. We encountered a patient clinically allergic only to swordfish. Objective: To characterize the in vivo and in vitro IgE antibody responsiveness of this patient solely allergic to swordfish. Methods: Prick skin tests, as well as immunoassay and protein immunoblotting for IgE antibody were performed using commercial fish extracts and fresh swordfish. A more typical multiple fish-allergic subject and a subject not allergic to food were also studied for comparison. Results: The multiple fish-allergic subject demonstrated IgE antibody to a 13-kD protein in all fish tested (probably Gad c 1 and its analogues in other fish). The swordfish-allergic subject did not recognize this 13-kD band but did demonstrate IgE directed against a 25-kD band only in swordfish. The negative control showed no IgE binding to either the 13 or 25 kD bands. Conclusions: It is possible to be allergic to a single fish species, such as swordfish, and such monospecific allergy may be due to the presence of species-specific allergens, in this case a 25-kD allergen in swordfish. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV ALLERGY,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,ALLERG DIS RES LAB,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 5 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 77 IS 3 BP 227 EP 228 PG 2 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA VH525 UT WOS:A1996VH52500013 PM 8814049 ER PT J AU Hyams, KC Wignall, FS Roswell, R AF Hyams, KC Wignall, FS Roswell, R TI War syndromes and their evaluation: From the US Civil War to the Persian Gulf War SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME; OPERATION-DESERT-STORM; MITRAL-VALVE PROLAPSE; PRIMARY-CARE; NEUROCIRCULATORY ASTHENIA; DACOSTAS SYNDROME; VIETNAM VETERANS; SYMPTOMS; HEALTH AB Purpose: To better understand the health problems of veterans of the Persian Gulf War by analyzing previous war-related illnesses and identifying possible unifying factors. Data Source: English-language articles and books on war-related illnesses published since 1863 that were located primarily through a manual search of bibliographies. Data Extraction: Publications were assessed for information on the clinical characteristics of war-related illnesses and the research methods used to evaluate such illnesses. Data Synthesis: Poorly understood war syndromes have been associated with armed conflicts at least since the U.S. Civil War. Although these syndromes have been characterized by similar symptoms (fatigue, shortness of breath, headache, sleep disturbance, forgetfulness, and impaired concentration), no single recurring illness that is unrelated to psychological stress is apparent. However, many types of illness were found among evaluated veterans, including well-defined medical and psychiatric conditions, acute combat stress reaction, post-traumatic stress disorder, and possibly the chronic fatigue syndrome. No single disease is apparent, but one unifying factor stands out: A unique population was intensely scrutinized after experiencing an exceptional, life-threatening set of exposures. As a result, research efforts to date have been unable to conclusively show causality, have been subject to reporting bias, and have lacked similar control populations. In addition to research limitations, war syndromes have involved fundamental, unanswered questions about the importance of chronic somatic symptoms and the factors that create a personal sense of ill health. Conclusion: Until we can better understand what constitutes health and illness in all adult populations, we risk repeated occurrences of unexplained symptoms among veterans after each war. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 2,APO,AP 96520. DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VISN 8,BAY PINES,FL 33504. RP Hyams, KC (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,12300 WASHINGTON AVE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 133 TC 243 Z9 246 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 125 IS 5 BP 398 EP 405 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VE079 UT WOS:A1996VE07900007 PM 8702091 ER PT J AU James, EA Schmeltzer, K Ligler, FS AF James, EA Schmeltzer, K Ligler, FS TI Detection of endotoxin using an evanescent wave fiber-optic biosensor SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endotoxin; lipopolysaccharide; polymyxin B; fiber-optic; immunoassay; biosensor ID IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY ELISA; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; STIMULATION; BACTEREMIA; ANTIBODIES; REMOVAL; CORE; DUST; LPS AB The lipopolysaccharide endotoxin is the most powerful immune stimulant known and a causative agent in the clinical syndrome known as sepsis. Sepsis is responsible for more than 100,000 deaths annually, in large part due to the lack of a rapid, reliable, and sensitive diagnostic technique. This study describes the detection of LPS from E. coli at concentrations as low as 10 ng/mL, in 30 s using an evanescent wave fiber-optic biosensor. Polymyxin B, covalently immobilized onto the surface of the fiber-optic probe, selectively bound fluorescently labeled LPS. Unlabeled LPS was detected in a competitive assay format using labeled LPS for signal generation. The competitive assay format worked in both buffer and plasma with similar sensitivities. This method can be used with other LPS capture molecules such as antibodies, lectins, or antibiotics, to simultaneously detect LPS and to determine the LPS serotype. The LPS assay using the fiber-optic biosensor is applicable to both clinical and environmental testing. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 31 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 60 IS 3 BP 189 EP 202 DI 10.1007/BF02783583 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA VT401 UT WOS:A1996VT40100001 PM 8933715 ER PT J AU Qi, J Angerer, W Yeganeh, MS Yodh, AG Theis, WM AF Qi, J Angerer, W Yeganeh, MS Yodh, AG Theis, WM TI Midgap states observed by nonlinear optical spectroscopy of metal:GaAs junctions SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Formation of Semiconductor Interfaces (ICFSI-5) CY JUN 26-30, 1995 CL PRINCETON, NJ SP Princeton Univ, Adv Technol Ctr Photon & Optoelectr Mat, David Sarnoff Res Ctr, Epitaxx, Evans East, IBM, Int Rectifier Corp, US, Off Naval Res, Oxford Instruments Inc, Princeton Univ, Princeton Mat Inst, Princeton Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Sensors Unlimited, W Windsor Plainsboro H S German Club ID ELECTRON-EMISSION MICROSCOPY; BAND-GAP STATES; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; SCHOTTKY BARRIERS; INTERFACE; SURFACES; STOICHIOMETRY; HETEROEPITAXY; GAAS(110); DEFECTS AB We present detailed second-order nonlinear optical spectroscopic studies of the interface electronic structure in metal:GaAs thin films and interfaces. The interface spectra from Au:GaAs, Ga-rich n-type systems exhibit two resonance features in the near infrared at 0.715 eV and 0.731 eV. A single resonance feature at 0.715 eV is observed in Au:GaAs, As-rich n-type interfaces. Similar single resonance features at 0.715 eV were observed in As:GaAs n-type samples. No resonances however were observed in oxide:GaAs and metal:GaAs p-type systems, All of the spectral features are sharp one-photon resonances. They provide compelling evidence for the existence and symmetry of atomic displacement-induced defect states just below the buried interface. C1 USN, AIR WARFARE CTR, CHINA LAKE, CA 93555 USA. RP Qi, J (reprint author), UNIV PENN, DEPT PHYS, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 104 BP 188 EP 195 DI 10.1016/S0169-4332(96)00143-2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA VR573 UT WOS:A1996VR57300030 ER PT J AU Garland, FC Garland, CF Doyle, EJ Balazs, LL Levine, R Pugh, WM Gorham, ED AF Garland, FC Garland, CF Doyle, EJ Balazs, LL Levine, R Pugh, WM Gorham, ED TI Carpal tunnel syndrome and occupation in U.S. Navy enlisted personnel SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS; UNITED-STATES-NAVY; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; UPPER-EXTREMITY; EXPOSURE; WORK AB The objectives of this study were to (a) describe demographic factors associated with high rates of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), cubital tunnel syndrome, and other neuritis of the arm and hand, and (2) identify the high-risk occupations associated with these disorders in the Navy. Computerized records of first hospitalizations of all active-duty Navy-enlisted personnel were searched for all cases of CTS, cubital tunnel syndrome, and other neuritis of the arm and hand (ICD-9 CM codes 354.0-354.9) during 1980-1988. There were 1 039 first hospitalizations (including 493 cases of CTS) for all neuritis of the arm and hand in 4 095 708 person-years in men and 186 first hospitalizations (including 90 cases of CTS) in 365 668 person-years in women. Incidence rates of hospitalized cases with CTS rose with age for both sexes. Rates in white women were approximately three times those in white men (p < .0001), but rates in black women were not significantly different from those in black men. Rates of cubital tunnel syndrome also increased with age in both sexes and were higher in white women than white men (p < .05). Occupations with significantly high standardized incidence ratios (p < .05) for CTS in men included aviation-support equipment technician, engineman, hull-maintenance technician, boatswain's mate, and machinist's mate. In women, occupations with significantly high standardized incidence ratios included boatswain's mate, engineman, hospital corpsman, ocean-systems technician, and personnelman. Several occupations for each sex had significantly high standardized incidence ratios for cubital tunnel syndrome, with high rates in hospital corpsmen of both sexes (p < .05). Gender and race differences according to occupation did not account for the occupations at highest risk. Further research is needed to determine the extent to which CTS and related disorders could be prevented by modifying the motions currently performed in occupations with the highest standardized incidence ratios. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT COMMUNITY & FAMILY MED,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. USN,HLTH RES CTR,MED INFORMAT SYST & OPERAT RES DEPT,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT MATH,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP Garland, FC (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,DEPT HLTH SCI & EPIDEMIOL,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0003-9896 J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH JI Arch. Environ. Health PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 51 IS 5 BP 395 EP 407 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VQ187 UT WOS:A1996VQ18700008 PM 8896390 ER PT J AU Mullinax, F Mullinax, GL Johnson, R AF Mullinax, F Mullinax, GL Johnson, R TI Pregnancy-induced scleroderma. Identification of offspring-derived cells in patients with scleroderma. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,RICHMOND,VA 23298. USN HOSP,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 SU S BP 1218 EP 1218 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VH883 UT WOS:A1996VH88301219 ER PT J AU Vrba, FJ Luginbuhl, CB Hurley, KC Li, P Kulkarni, SR vanKerkwijk, MH Hartmann, DH Campusano, LE Graham, MJ Clowes, RG Kouveliotou, C Probst, R Gatley, I Merrill, M Joyce, R Mendez, R Smith, I Schultz, A AF Vrba, FJ Luginbuhl, CB Hurley, KC Li, P Kulkarni, SR vanKerkwijk, MH Hartmann, DH Campusano, LE Graham, MJ Clowes, RG Kouveliotou, C Probst, R Gatley, I Merrill, M Joyce, R Mendez, R Smith, I Schultz, A TI The double infrared source toward the soft gamma-ray repeater SGR 1900+14 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays, bursts; gamma rays, observations; supergiants AB We report the results of an extensive set of optical and near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy of the double infrared source reported by Hartmann et al. (1995) as a potential counterpart for the Galactic soft gamma-ray repeater SGR 1900+14. These objects are found to be variable but otherwise normal M5 supergiant stars at a distance of approximate to 12-15 kpc and extinguished by A(V) approximate to 19.2 mag, primarily by the general interstellar medium. We argue that the supergiants are likely gravitationally bound. These stars are positionally coincident with both quiescent X-ray and IRAS sources, suggestive of a yet-undetected third component to the system which may be responsible for the SGR. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CALTECH,DEPT ASTRON,PASADENA,CA 91125. CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634. UNIV CHILE,OBSERV ASTRON CERRO CALAN,DEPT ASTRON,SANTIAGO,CHILE. UNIV CENT LANCASHIRE,CTR ASTROPHYS,PRESTON PR1 2HE,LANCS,ENGLAND. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. KITT PEAK NATL OBSERV,TUCSON,AZ 85726. EUROPEAN SO OBSERV,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. RP Vrba, FJ (reprint author), USN OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF STN,POB 1149,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86002, USA. RI Campusano, Luis/I-5267-2016; Mendez, Rene/H-9496-2015; Mendez, Rene/J-6608-2016 OI Campusano, Luis/0000-0002-0057-2397; NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 468 IS 1 BP 225 EP 230 DI 10.1086/177685 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VE592 UT WOS:A1996VE59200021 ER PT J AU Anderson, SB Cadwell, BJ Jacoby, BA Wolszczan, A Foster, RS Kramer, M AF Anderson, SB Cadwell, BJ Jacoby, BA Wolszczan, A Foster, RS Kramer, M TI A 143 millisecond radio pulsar in the supernova remnant S147 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pulsars, individual (PSR J0538+2817); supernova remnants ID GALACTIC DISTRIBUTION; YOUNG PULSARS; VELOCITIES; LIFETIME; CATALOG; SHELLS; BIRTH; GAS AB We report the discovery of a 143 ms pulsar, PSR J0538+2817, in the supernova remnant S147 (0180.0-1.7). The pulsar is located 40' west of the center of S147, well within its evolved, roughly circular radio structure. An upper limit to the pulsar's age of 6x10(5) yr is consistent with the age of the remnant, estimated to be similar to(8 x 10(4))-(2 x 10(5)) yr. A dispersion measure-derived distance to PSR J0538+2817 is similar to 1.8 kpc, in reasonable agreement with a 0.8-1.6 kpc distance estimate for S147. These data provide sufficient evidence to hypothesize that the two objects are physically related and form a new association between a radio pulsar and an old supernova remnant. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. MAX PLANCK INST RADIOASTRON,D-53121 BONN,GERMANY. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 468 IS 1 BP L55 EP L58 DI 10.1086/310218 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VE594 UT WOS:A1996VE59400014 ER PT J AU Banerjee, A Raghothama, SR Karle, IL Balaram, P AF Banerjee, A Raghothama, SR Karle, IL Balaram, P TI Ambidextrous molecules: Cylindrical peptide structures formed by fusing left- and right-handed helices SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; HYDROGEN-BOND; PROTEINS; DESIGN; HEPTAPEPTIDE; GEOMETRY; RESIDUES; MIMICS; ACID C1 USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. INDIAN INST SCI,MOL BIOPHYS UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. INDIAN INST SCI,SOPHISTICATED INSTRUMENTS FACIL,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-30902] NR 26 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 3 BP 279 EP 285 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0282(199609)39:3<279::AID-BIP1>3.0.CO;2-L PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA VC347 UT WOS:A1996VC34700001 PM 8756509 ER PT J AU Dumont, RJ Nelson, CA Caviness, DG Thormeyer, CD Martin, DL Pereira, JJ AF Dumont, RJ Nelson, CA Caviness, DG Thormeyer, CD Martin, DL Pereira, JJ TI Cooperation and collaboration among the nation's meteorology, oceanography, and satellite operational processing centers. An evolving era in US civilian-military partnerships SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The United States has several meteorological, oceanographic, and satellite operational processing centers (OPCs) in the military and civilian sectors. Separate cooperative and complementary military and civilian OPCs provide sufficient redundancy for backup purposes; permit the development of state-of-the-art forecasting schemes, such as the ensemble technique; and ensure the diverse environmental needs of military and civilian users are met with the most efficient use of resources. The effective collaboration of the military and civilian OPCs has resulted in the development of a truly national meteorological and oceanographic resource not attainable within any single agency. C1 NATL CTR ENVIRONM PREDICT,CAMP SPRINGS,MD. USAF,GLOBAL WEATHER CTR,OFFUTT AFB,NE. FLEET NUMER METEOROL & OCEANOG CTR,MONTEREY,CA. USN,OCEANOG OFF,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SREV,OFF SATELLITE DATA PROC & DISTRIBUT,SUITLAND,MD. RP Dumont, RJ (reprint author), OFF FED COORDINATOR METEOROL,8455 COLESVILLE RD,SUITE 1500,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 77 IS 9 BP 2067 EP 2076 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<2067:CACATN>2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VL660 UT WOS:A1996VL66000008 ER PT J AU Pecora, LM Carroll, TL AF Pecora, LM Carroll, TL TI Discontinuous and nondifferentiable functions and dimension increase induced by filtering chaotic data SO CHAOS LA English DT Article ID TIME-SERIES; STRANGE ATTRACTORS; SIGNALS; SYSTEMS; DETERMINISM AB We show that one can use recently introduced statistics for continuity and differentiability to show the effect of filters of infinite extent in time on a chaotic time series. The statistics point to a discontinuous or nondifferentiable function between the unfiltered attractor and the filtered attractor as the origin of attractor dimension increase when the filtering is severe. The density of discontinuities as a function of resolution follows a scaling relation. We present direct visualization of this effect in the filtered Henon attractor where the origin of dimension increase becomes obvious. RP Pecora, LM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6341,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049 NR 19 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1054-1500 J9 CHAOS JI Chaos PD SEP PY 1996 VL 6 IS 3 BP 432 EP 439 DI 10.1063/1.166186 PG 8 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA VK304 UT WOS:A1996VK30400020 ER PT J AU SYMONDS, CL AF SYMONDS, CL TI LEE,ROBERT,E., A BIOGRAPHY - THOMAS,EM SO CIVIL WAR HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP SYMONDS, CL (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KENT STATE UNIV PRESS PI KENT PA KENT, OH 44242 SN 0009-8078 J9 CIVIL WAR HIST JI Civil War Hist. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 42 IS 3 BP 244 EP 247 PG 4 WC History SC History GA VM149 UT WOS:A1996VM14900006 ER PT J AU Le, TP Tuazon, CU Levine, M Borum, M Rollhauser, C AF Le, TP Tuazon, CU Levine, M Borum, M Rollhauser, C TI Resistance to fluconazole and amphotericin B in a patient with AIDS who was being treated for candidal esophagitis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CANDIDIASIS; ALBICANS C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT MED,MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT HLTH CARE SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. USN,MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 23 IS 3 BP 649 EP 650 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VF947 UT WOS:A1996VF94700046 PM 8879803 ER PT J AU Kruithoff, WA Schraml, FV Silverman, ED AF Kruithoff, WA Schraml, FV Silverman, ED TI TI-201 scintigraphy in multivessel exercise-induced variant angina SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION; CORONARY ARTERIAL SPASM AB A 53-year-old man presented for evaluation of nocturnal chest pain, consistent with angina pectoris. An exercise stress test reproduced his symptoms, however, exercise electrocardiograms were nondiagnostic. An exercise-thallium perfusion study confirmed vasospasm as the cause, This knowledge guided subsequent successful medical therapy. C1 USN,NATL MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV CARDIOL,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RP Kruithoff, WA (reprint author), USN,NATL MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,DIV NUCL MED,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 21 IS 9 BP 675 EP 678 DI 10.1097/00003072-199609000-00001 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA VG181 UT WOS:A1996VG18100001 PM 8879865 ER PT J AU Sanchez, AA Mazurek, MT Clapper, MF AF Sanchez, AA Mazurek, MT Clapper, MF TI Salmonella osteomyelitis presenting as fibrous dysplasia - A case report SO CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MANIFESTATIONS; BONE AB Salmonella osteomyelitis is uncommon in healthy patients, Because of its slow, indolent course and often remote presentation, its diagnosis may be difficult. A case of osteomyelitis of the tibia secondary to Salmonella enteritidis was diagnosed after a biopsy for presumed fibrous dysplasia was performed. RP Sanchez, AA (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0009-921X J9 CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R JI Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. PD SEP PY 1996 IS 330 BP 185 EP 189 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA VG551 UT WOS:A1996VG55100023 PM 8804290 ER PT J AU Kaplan, CR Shaddix, CR Smyth, KC AF Kaplan, CR Shaddix, CR Smyth, KC TI Computations of enhanced soot production in time-varying CH4/air diffusion flames SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENTS; LAMINAR; GROWTH; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; RATES AB Recent experimental measurements of soot volume fraction in a flickering CH4/air diffusion flame show that for conditions in which the tip of the flame is clipped, soot production is similar to 5 times greater than that measured for a steady flame burning with the same mean fuel flow velocity (Shaddix et al., Ref. 9). This paper presents time-dependent numerical simulations of both steady and time-varying CH4/air diffusion flames to examine the differences in combustion conditions which lead to the observed enhancement in soot production in the flickering flames. The numerical model solves the two-dimensional, time-dependent, reactive-flow Navier-Stokes equations coupled with submodels for soot formation and radiation transport. Qualitative comparisons between the experimental and computed steady flame show good agreement for the soot burnout height and overall flame shape except near the burner lip. Quantitative comparisons between experimental and computed radial profiles of temperature and soot volume fraction for the steady flame show good to excellent agreement at mid-flame heights, but some discrepancies neat the burner lip and at high flame heights. For the time-varying CH4/air flame, the simulations successfully predict that the maximum soot concentration increases by over four times compared to the steady flame with the same mean fuel and air velocities. By numerically tracking fluid parcels in the flowfield, the temperature and stoichiometry history were followed along their convective pathlines. Results for the pathline which passes through the maximum sooting region show that flickering flames exhibit much longer residence times during which the local temperatures and stoichiometries are favorable for soot production. The simulations also suggest that soot inception occurs later in flickering flames, and at slightly higher temperatures and under somewhat leaner conditions compared to the steady flame. The integrated soot model of Syed et al. (Ref. 12), which was developed from a steady CH4/air flame, successfully predicts soot production in the time-varying CH4/air flames. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Kaplan, CR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 41 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD SEP PY 1996 VL 106 IS 4 BP 392 EP 405 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00258-8 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VE509 UT WOS:A1996VE50900003 ER PT J AU Barrett, DJ AF Barrett, DJ TI The mechanics of z-fiber reinforcement SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB The practice of z-fiber reinforcement is being examined for its ability to increase the through-the-thickness strength of advanced composite laminates, joints and structural interfaces. Crucial to the development of this technology is obtaining an understanding of the interaction between the z-fiber reinforcement and the structure in which it is embedded. This paper reports the results of an analysis effort that studied the mechanics of this interaction. Specific issues that were addressed in these analyses include thermal loadings, crack initiation, crack growth and load transfer. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Barrett, DJ (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,STRENGTH BRANCH,CODE 4331,M-S 08,WARMINSTER,PA 18974, USA. NR 7 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 36 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1016/S0263-8223(96)00053-0 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA XA349 UT WOS:A1996XA34900003 ER PT J AU Lewis, T AF Lewis, T TI Will tiny beans conquer the world again? SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material RP Lewis, T (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,CODE CS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD SEP PY 1996 VL 29 IS 9 BP 13 EP 14 DI 10.1109/2.532041 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VF542 UT WOS:A1996VF54200004 ER PT J AU Shaw, K Cobb, M Chung, MY Arctur, D AF Shaw, K Cobb, M Chung, MY Arctur, D TI Managing the US Navy's first OO digital mapping project SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article AB In the late 1980s the Defense Mapping Agency began converting their paper maps into digital format. A military standard known as Vector Product Format emerged as the format for storing digital vector data. The VPF relational data model, however, has problems representing complex spatial data. In 1991, the US Navy, a DMA database user, began investigating how object technology could improve its digital maps. This research led to the development of the Object Vector Product Format, an object-oriented approach to viewing and editing digital maps and charts. By combining multiple relational databases into a single OO database, OVPF offers users such key advantages as the ability to immediately update and modify the content of the original data. Over the course of developing OVPF we have also learned some valuable lessons about managing OO projects. Our experiences have given us insight into some important risk-management techniques, including how to manage the expectations of decision-makers and sponsors and how to implement effective training methods. Managing the OVPF project was much more rewarding than most due to the greatly increased productivity offered by an OO approach. RP Shaw, K (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIGITAL MAPPING CHARTING & GEODESY ANAL PROGRAM,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD SEP PY 1996 VL 29 IS 9 BP 69 EP & DI 10.1109/2.536786 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VF542 UT WOS:A1996VF54200016 ER PT J AU Liguori, F AF Liguori, F TI Test Technology Technical Committee SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article RP Liguori, F (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD SEP PY 1996 VL 29 IS 9 BP 88 EP 89 DI 10.1109/MC.1996.536791 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VF542 UT WOS:A1996VF54200019 ER PT J AU Albritton, N Young, W AF Albritton, N Young, W TI Cryogenic evaluation of epoxy bond strength SO CRYOGENICS LA English DT Article DE bond; cleaning; epoxy AB The purpose of the work presented here was to determine methods of optimizing the adhesion of a particular epoxy (CTD-101K, Composite Technology Development Inc.) to a particular nickel-based alloy substrate (Incoloy(R) 908, Inco Alloys International) for cryogenic applications. Initial efforts were focused on surface preparation of the substrate material via various mechanical and chemical cleaning techniques. Test samples, fabricated to simulate the conduit-to-insulation interface, were put through a mock heat treat and vacuum/pressure impregnation process. Samples were compression/shear load tested to compare the bond strengths at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature. The resulting data indicate that acid etching creates a higher bond strength than the other tested techniques and that the bond formed is stronger at cryogenic temperatures than at room temperature. A description of the experiment along with the resulting data is presented here. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Limited RP Albritton, N (reprint author), USN,NUCL FUEL DIV,BABCOCK & WILCOX,POB 785,LYNCHBURG,VA 24505, USA. NR 1 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0011-2275 J9 CRYOGENICS JI Cryogenics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 36 IS 9 BP 713 EP 716 DI 10.1016/0011-2275(96)00067-7 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA VC724 UT WOS:A1996VC72400011 ER PT J AU Collins, CA Garfield, N Paquette, RG Carter, E AF Collins, CA Garfield, N Paquette, RG Carter, E TI Lagrangian Measurement of subsurface poleward flow between 38 degrees N and 43 degrees N along the West Coast of the United States during Summer, 1993 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEASONAL VARIABILITY; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; CIRCULATION; SHELF AB Subsurface Lagrangian measurements al about 140 m showed that the path of the California Undercurrent lay next to the continental slope between San Francisco (37.8 degrees N) and St. George Reef (41.8 degrees N) during mid-summer 1993. The mean speed along this 500 ion path was 8 cms(-1). The flow at this depth was not disturbed by upwelling centers at Point Reyes or Cape Mendocino. Results also demonstrate the ability to acoustically track floats located well above the sound channel axis along the California coast. C1 TAYGETA SCI INC,MONTEREY,CA 93940. RP Collins, CA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,833 DYER RD,ROOM 328,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 16 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 18 BP 2461 EP 2464 DI 10.1029/96GL02138 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VG005 UT WOS:A1996VG00500013 ER PT J AU Quartararo, AT AF Quartararo, AT TI Taking the hard road: Life course in French and German workers' autobiographies in the era of industrialization - Maynes,MJ SO HISTORY OF EDUCATION QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP Quartararo, AT (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HISTORY EDUC QUARTERLY PI BLOOMINGTON PA SCHOOL OF EDUCATION INDIANA UNIVERSITY, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 SN 0018-2680 J9 HIST EDUC QUART JI Hist. Educ. Q. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 36 IS 3 BP 307 EP 308 DI 10.2307/369390 PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; History Of Social Sciences SC Education & Educational Research; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA VG604 UT WOS:A1996VG60400003 ER PT J AU Rao, JBL Hughes, PK Trunk, GV Sureau, JC AF Rao, JBL Hughes, PK Trunk, GV Sureau, JC TI Affordable phased array for ship self-defense engagement radar SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article AB An affordable phased array approach for a ship self-defense experimental engagement radar is described. The array uses a hybrid approach by combining a slotted waveguide array with phase shifters to scan the beam in the azimuth plane and a Radant lens placed in front of the slotted array to scan the beam in the elevation plane. The proposed approach avoids using a phase shifter or a T/R module behind each radiating element and simplifies beam steering using row-column controls which reduces the phased array cost. The production cost of the proposed array is estimated to be less than one-third the cost of a similar sized array using phase shifter or T/R module behind each radiating element. C1 RADIAT TECHNOL INC,STOW,MA 01775. RP Rao, JBL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV RADAR,CODE 5317,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 11 IS 9 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.1109/MAES.1996.536803 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VG286 UT WOS:A1996VG28600011 ER PT J AU Sun, CK Orazi, RJ Pappert, SA Burns, WK AF Sun, CK Orazi, RJ Pappert, SA Burns, WK TI A photonic-link millimeter-wave mixer using cascaded optical modulators and harmonic carrier generation SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TILINBO3 AB Efficient frequency conversion into and out of the millimeter wave frequency band has been demonstrated using photonic link signal mixing with cascaded optical modulators, By adjusting the modulator bias point and RF drive power to the modulator introducing the local oscillator signal at f(LO) = 8.8 GHz, frequency conversions from f(s) to f(LO) +/- f(s), 2f(LO) +/- f(s), and 4f(LO) +/- f(s) with respective losses of 4.8, 6.3, and 7.5 dB have been demonstrated, The direct phase noise measurement of the optical RF signal at 2f(LO) = 17.6 GHz with 1 kHz offset shows -89 dBc/Hz, limited by the RF drive source. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Sun, CK (reprint author), NCCOSC,RDT&E DIV,CODE 895,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 8 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 8 IS 9 BP 1166 EP 1168 DI 10.1109/68.531824 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VE155 UT WOS:A1996VE15500018 ER PT J AU Patrick, HJ Williams, GM Kersey, AD Pedrazzani, JR Vengsarkar, AM AF Patrick, HJ Williams, GM Kersey, AD Pedrazzani, JR Vengsarkar, AM TI Hybrid fiber Bragg grating/long period fiber grating sensor for strain/temperature discrimination SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRAIN AB We demonstrate a novel sensor which uses the difference in strain and temperature response of fiber Bragg gratings and a long period fiber grating to discriminate between strain and temperature induced wavelength shifts. Sensor interrogation is performed entirely on the fiber Bragg grating reflection signals, Strain and temperature were simultaneously measured to +/-9 mu strain and +/-1.5 degrees C over a wide range of conditions. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. AT&T BELL LABS,LUCENT TECHNOL,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP Patrick, HJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,CODE 5600,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 340 Z9 371 U1 5 U2 37 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 8 IS 9 BP 1223 EP 1225 DI 10.1109/68.531843 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VE155 UT WOS:A1996VE15500037 ER PT J AU Weber, W Brox, M Thewes, R Saks, NS AF Weber, W Brox, M Thewes, R Saks, NS TI Hot-hole induced negative oxide charges in n-MOSFET's - Reply SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES LA English DT Letter C1 SIEMENS COMPONENTS INC,ESSEX JCT,VT 05452. USN,RES LABS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Weber, W (reprint author), SIEMENS AG,CORP RES & DEV,D-81730 MUNICH,GERMANY. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9383 J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices PD SEP PY 1996 VL 43 IS 9 BP 1474 EP 1477 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA VF575 UT WOS:A1996VF57500025 ER PT J AU Sudhoff, SD Corzine, KA Hegner, HJ Delisle, DE AF Sudhoff, SD Corzine, KA Hegner, HJ Delisle, DE TI Transient and dynamic average-value modeling of synchronous machine fed load-commutated converters SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE/PES Winter Meeting CY JAN 21-25, 1996 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP IEEE PES ID SYSTEMS AB A new average-value model of a synchronous machine fed load-commutated converter is set forth in which the stator dynamics are combined with the de link dynamics. This model is shown to be extremely accurate in predicting system transients and in predicting frequency-domain characteristics such as the impedance looking into the synchronous machine fed load-commutated converter. The model is verified against a detailed computer simulation and against a hardware test system, thus providing a three-way comparison. The proposed model is shown to he much mote accurate than models in which the stator dynamics are neglected. C1 USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,DEPT ELECT SYST, MACHINERY RES & DEV DIRECTORATE, ANNAPOLIS, MD USA. USN, CTR SURFACE WARFARE, CARDEROCK DIV, ELECT SYST DIV, ANNAPOLIS, MD USA. RP Sudhoff, SD (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI, SCH ELECT ENGN, ROLLA, MO 65401 USA. NR 12 TC 57 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8969 J9 IEEE T ENERGY CONVER JI IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 11 IS 3 BP 508 EP 514 DI 10.1109/60.537001 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA VK804 UT WOS:A1996VK80400006 ER PT J AU Lybanon, M AF Lybanon, M TI Maltese front variability from satellite observations based on automated detection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 95) - Quantitative Remote Sensing for Science and Applications CY JUL 10-14, 1995 CL FLORENCE, ITALY SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Int Union Radio Sci ID MORPHOLOGY; IMAGES AB Maltese Front location statistics are obtained from multichannel sea-surface temperature (MCSST) images, derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) observations of the Mediterranean Sea during March 3 through September 27, 1993, The statistics are based on semiautomated determinations of the Front's sea-surface temperature surface expression, Expert analyses from the Naval Oceanographic Office give an accuracy check, Expert techniques are largely manual, labor-intensive, subjective, and skill-dependent; therefore, automation could be beneficial. A mathematical morphology-based method successfully delineates the Front. it finds the temperature gradients most likely to be the Front's and presents the corresponding segmentations to the operator. The method was developed to find stars in astronomical images, and has successfully analyzed solar magnetograms and satellite Gulf Stream images, Rings, fronts, and sunspots are not star-like, but simple preprocessing adapts the technique to these problem domains, This work constitutes another successful application, The success in ''moving'' the technique is encouraging, The Maltese Front's thermal gradients are 5-10 times weaker than the Gulf Stream North Wall's, yet the method produces useful results, and it may work in other regions. RP Lybanon, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1996 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1159 EP 1165 DI 10.1109/36.536532 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA VJ871 UT WOS:A1996VJ87100013 ER PT J AU Beaven, SG Gogineni, S Carsey, FD AF Beaven, SG Gogineni, S Carsey, FD TI Fusion of satellite active and passive microwave data for sea ice type concentration estimates SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 95) - Quantitative Remote Sensing for Science and Applications CY JUL 10-14, 1995 CL FLORENCE, ITALY SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Int Union Radio Sci ID APERTURE RADAR DATA; SUMMER; SIGNATURES; IMAGERY; BAY AB Young first-year sea ice is nearly as important as open water in modulating heat flux between the ocean and atmosphere in the Arctic, Just after the onset of freeze-up, first-year ice is in the early stages of growth and will consist of young first-year and thin ice. The distribution of sea ice in this thickness range impacts heat transfer in the Arctic. Therefore, improving the estimates of ice concentrations in this thickness range is significant, NASA Team Algorithm (NTA) for passive microwave data inaccurately classifies sea ice during the melt and freeze-up seasons because it misclassifies multiyear ice as first-year ice. We developed a hybrid fusion technique for incorporating multiyear ice information derived from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images into a passive microwave algorithm to improve ice type concentration estimates, First, we classified SAW images using a dynamic thresholding technique and estimated the multiyear ice concentration. Then we used the SAR-derived multiyear ice concentration to constrain the NTA and obtained an improved first-year ice concentration estimate, We computed multiyear and first-year Ice concentration estimates over a region in the eastern-central Arctic in which field observations of ice and in situ radar backscatter measurements were performed. with the NTA alone, the first-year ice concentration in our study area varied between 0.11 and 0.40, while the multiyear Ice concentration varied from 0.63 to 0.39, with the hybrid fusion technique, the first-year Ice concentration varied between 0.08 and 0.23 and the multiyear ice concentration was between 0.62 and 0.66. The fused estimates of first-year and multiyear ice concentration appear to be more accurate than NTA, based on ice observations that were logged aboard the U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker Polar Star in the study area during 1991. C1 UNIV KANSAS, DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN, RADAR SYST & REMOTE SENSING LAB, LAWRENCE, KS 66045 USA. CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. RP Beaven, SG (reprint author), USN, CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR, RES DEV TEST & EVALUAT DIV, NAVAL COMMAND, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1996 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1172 EP 1183 DI 10.1109/36.536534 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA VJ871 UT WOS:A1996VJ87100015 ER PT J AU Nezry, E Lopes, A DucrotGambart, D Nezry, C Lee, JS AF Nezry, E Lopes, A DucrotGambart, D Nezry, C Lee, JS TI Supervised classification of K-distributed SAR images of natural targets and probability of error estimation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 95) - Quantitative Remote Sensing for Science and Applications CY JUL 10-14, 1995 CL FLORENCE, ITALY SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Int Union Radio Sci AB A radiometric and textural classification method for the single-channel synthetic: aperture radar (SAR) image is proposed, which explicitly takes into account the probability density function (pdf) of the underlying cross section for K-distributed images, This method makes extensive use of adaptive preprocessing methods (e.g., Gamma-Gamma MAP speckle filtering), in order to ensure good classification accuracy as well as fair preservation of the spatial resolution of the final result, Error rates can be estimated during the training step, allowing one to select only relevant reflectivity classes and to save computation time in trials, The classification method is based on a Maximum Likelihood (ML) segmentation of the filtered image, Finally, a texture criterion is introduced to improve the accuracy of the classification result. C1 CESBIO,CNES,CNRS,UPS,F-31055 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1996 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1233 EP 1242 DI 10.1109/36.536539 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA VJ871 UT WOS:A1996VJ87100020 ER PT J AU Schuler, DL Lee, JS DeGrandi, G AF Schuler, DL Lee, JS DeGrandi, G TI Measurement of topography using polarimetric SAR images SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 95) - Quantitative Remote Sensing for Science and Applications CY JUL 10-14, 1995 CL FLORENCE, ITALY SP IEEE, Geosci & Remote Sensing Soc, Int Union Radio Sci ID SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADARS; SCATTERING; INTERFEROMETRY; SIGNATURES; OCEAN; AREAS AB A processing technique for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data has been developed which produces profiles of terrain slopes and elevations in the azimuthal (or along-track) direction, This technique estimates the average shift in orientation angle of copolarization backscatter caused by azimuthal tilts of the scattering plane. Using P-band data, tests of this technique have been made for an area in the Black Forest near Villingen/Schwenningen in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany, The radar measured slope and derived elevation profiles have low rms errors and high correlation values when compared with a stereo-photograph digital-elevation map (DEM) for the area. This algorithm is capable of adaptively making transitions from the forested areas to nearby regions with open-terrain, Subsequent tests of the algorithm have been conducted using polarimetric SAR L-band data for a mountainous, nonforested, region in the Mojave Desert (Ft. Irwin, CA) where an accurate DEM also was available. Complete elevation and slope mapping of the terrain in two dimensions using this technique is possible when azimuthal elevation profiles are produced throughout the range extent of the SAR image. C1 EUROPEAN UNION COMMISS,JOINT RES CTR,INST REMOTE SENSING APPLICAT,I-21020 ISPRA,VA,ITALY. RP Schuler, DL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV REMOTE SENSING,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 69 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 11 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD SEP PY 1996 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1266 EP 1277 DI 10.1109/36.536542 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA VJ871 UT WOS:A1996VJ87100023 ER PT J AU Abrahams, J AF Abrahams, J TI Generation of discrete distributions from biased coins SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY LA English DT Article DE random number generation; biased coins; unequal code symbol costs; t-ary expansions AB The procedure of Knuth and Yao to simulate random numbers with specified distribution by parsing sequences of fair coin tosses is generalized to employ discrete distributions of particular form instead of fair coins. Each probability in these distributions is an integral power of some fixed value t. The parse tree for the simulation procedure is closely related to the code trees arising in Karp's optimal variable-length coding algorithm for code symbols of unequal cost. RP Abrahams, J (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES,MATH COMP & INFORMAT SCI DIV,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9448 J9 IEEE T INFORM THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory PD SEP PY 1996 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1541 EP 1546 DI 10.1109/18.532895 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VE864 UT WOS:A1996VE86400021 ER PT J AU Cullen, JR Teter, JP Clark, AE AF Cullen, JR Teter, JP Clark, AE TI Magnetic properties of Tb1-xNdxCd SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 96) CY APR 09-12, 1996 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE AB Magnetic moment measurements on a series of Tb1-xNdxCd pseudobinary alloys have been carried out from helium temperatures to room temperatures and in magnetic fields up to 1.4 MA/m. The Curie temperatures are observed to initially increase as Nd is substituted for Tb, with a maximum at x congruent to 0.25, Ferromagnetic coupling of the Tb - Nd spins results in antiparallel Tb (heavy rare earth) and Nd (light rare earth) magnetic moments throughout the series, with magnetization cancellation at x congruent to 0.75. Sharp maxima in the magnetizations at temperatures below their respective Curie points are interpreted as marking magnetization reorientation temperatures. C1 CLARK ASSOCIATES,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Cullen, JR (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WHITE OAK LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 4779 EP 4781 DI 10.1109/20.539149 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA VM259 UT WOS:A1996VM25900159 ER PT J AU Restorff, JB WunFogle, M Teter, JP Cullen, JR AF Restorff, JB WunFogle, M Teter, JP Cullen, JR TI Magnetic and magnetoelastic properties of single crystal Tb0.5Dy0.5Zn SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1996 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG 96) CY APR 09-12, 1996 CL SEATTLE, WA SP IEEE AB Magnetization, magnetostriction, and modulus measurements have been performed on single crystal specimens of the pseudobinary Tb0.5Dy0.5Zn Non-principal axis easy magnetization directions were observed in the (001) plane at temperatures below 20 K, At all temperatures, [110] is the hard axis, At 2.2 degrees K the anisotropy field is estimated to be 5.6 MA/m (70 kOe), Magnetostriction and modulus measurements at 77 K showed a saturation magnetostriction of similar to 5 x 10(-3) and a modulus that varied from 10 - 60 MPa depending on field. C1 CLARK ASSOCIATES,ADELPHI,MD 20783. RP Restorff, JB (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,WHITE OAK LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9464 J9 IEEE T MAGN JI IEEE Trans. Magn. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 32 IS 5 BP 4782 EP 4784 DI 10.1109/20.539150 PN 2 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA VM259 UT WOS:A1996VM25900160 ER PT J AU Mak, B Bui, T AF Mak, B Bui, T TI Modeling experts' consensual judgments for new product entry timing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART A-SYSTEMS AND HUMANS LA English DT Article ID MARKET PIONEER ADVANTAGES; GOODS INDUSTRIES; VALIDATION; SYSTEM AB This paper presents a modeling technique that extracts judgments and decisions from experts to derive a consensual model for decision support. The proposed approach is applied to build a decision support system for the new product entry timing decision. Experience learned from the proposed methodology suggests that it is possible to (i) capture consensual knowledge from a group of experts, (ii) model simultaneous relationships among interacting factors, and (iii) offer a robust decision support tool. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT SYST MANAGEMENT,MONTEREY,CA 93943. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,HONG KONG,HONG KONG. RP Mak, B (reprint author), CLEVELAND STATE UNIV,DEPT COMP & INFORMAT SCI,CLEVELAND,OH 44115, USA. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1083-4427 J9 IEEE T SYST MAN CY A JI IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Paart A-Syst. Hum. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 26 IS 5 BP 659 EP 667 DI 10.1109/3468.531913 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA VD380 UT WOS:A1996VD38000014 ER PT J AU Tine, JA Lanar, DE Smith, DM Wellde, BT Schultheiss, P Ware, LA Kauffman, EB Wirtz, RA DeTaisne, C Hui, GSH Chang, SP Church, P Hollingdale, MR Kaslow, DC Hoffman, S Guito, KP Ballou, WR Sadoff, JC Paoletti, E AF Tine, JA Lanar, DE Smith, DM Wellde, BT Schultheiss, P Ware, LA Kauffman, EB Wirtz, RA DeTaisne, C Hui, GSH Chang, SP Church, P Hollingdale, MR Kaslow, DC Hoffman, S Guito, KP Ballou, WR Sadoff, JC Paoletti, E TI NYVAC-Pf7: A poxvirus-vectored, multiantigen, multistage vaccine candidate for Plasmodium falciparum malaria SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID GENETICALLY ENGINEERED POXVIRUSES; SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2; RECOMBINANT SERA PROTEIN; LETHAL JEV INFECTION; VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN-D; ASEXUAL BLOOD STAGES; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; AOTUS MONKEYS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB The highly attenuated NYVAC vaccinia virus strain has been utilized to develop a multiantigen, multistage vaccine candidate for malaria, a disease that remains a serious global health problem and for which no highly effective vaccine exists. Genes encoding seven Plasmodium falciparum antigens derived from the sporozoite (circumsporozoite protein and sporozoite surface protein 2), liver (liver stage antigen 1), blood (merozoite surface protein 1, serine repeat antigen, and apical membrane antigen 1), and sexual (25-kDa sexual-stage antigen) stages of the parasite life cycle were inserted into a single NYVAC genome to generate NYVAC-P17. Each of the seven antigens was expressed in NYVAC-Pf7-infected culture cells, and the genotypic and phenotypic stability of the recombinant virus was demonstrated. When inoculated into rhesus monkeys, NYVAC-Pf7 was safe and well tolerated. Antibodies that recognize sporozoites, liver, blood, and sexual stages of P. falciparum were elicited. Specific antibody responses against four of the P. falciparum antigens (circumsporozoite protein, sporozoite surface protein 2, merozoite surface protein 1, and 25-kDa sexual-stage antigen) were characterized. The results demonstrate that NYVAC-Pf7 is an appropriate candidate vaccine for further evaluation in human clinical trials. C1 VIROGENET CORP,TROY,NY 12180. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. PASTEUR MERIEUX SERUMS & VACCINS,F-69280 MARCY LETOILE,FRANCE. UNIV HAWAII,JOHN A BURNS SCH MED,DEPT TROP MED & MED MICROBIOL,HONOLULU,HI 96816. USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. UNIV LEEDS,DEPT BIOL,LEEDS LS2 9JT,W YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. NIAID,MALARIA RES LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. CONNAUGHT LABS INC,SWIFTWATER,PA 18370. RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 NR 95 TC 99 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 64 IS 9 BP 3833 EP 3844 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA VE443 UT WOS:A1996VE44300055 PM 8751936 ER PT J AU Mikhail, MM Mansour, MR Oyofo, BA Malone, JD AF Mikhail, MM Mansour, MR Oyofo, BA Malone, JD TI Immune response to Shigella sonnei in US Marines SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE O-ANTIGEN; SERUM ANTIBODIES; INVASION PLASMID; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; NATURAL IMMUNITY; DESERT-SHIELD; DAY-CARE; INFECTIONS; VIRULENCE; PROTEINS AB Pre- and postdeployment serum samples obtained from U.S. marines in Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm were tested for antibodies to Shigella sonnei. High predeployment levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and/or IgG antibodies to S. sonnei lipopolysaccharide antigen in serum and seroconversions were accompanied by higher IgA and/or IgG antibody response to Shigella invasion plasmids (Ipa). The results suggest exposure to S. sonnei in predeployment troops and frequent exposure to this bacterial agent during deployment. C1 USN, MED RES UNIT 3, CAIRO, 20889, EGYPT. NATL NAVAL MED CTR, US NAVAL INFECT DIS DIV, DEPT INFECT DIS, BETHESDA, MD USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 64 IS 9 BP 3942 EP 3945 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA VE443 UT WOS:A1996VE44300075 PM 8751956 ER PT J AU Washburn, A AF Washburn, A TI The teachers' forum: The operations analysis curriculum at the Naval Postgraduate School SO INTERFACES LA English DT Article AB The operations analysis curriculum at the Naval Postgraduate School has responded to a variety of pressures for change in the 45 years since its founding, and its managers have continually wrestled with the theory-versus-practice question that has recently preoccupied ORSA/TIMS and INFORMS. Even though NPS is almost unique among graduate schools on account of its navy sponsorship, our experiences may still be of interest to others. RP Washburn, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OPERAT RES,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 SN 0092-2102 J9 INTERFACES JI Interfaces PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 26 IS 5 BP 71 EP 80 DI 10.1287/inte.26.5.71 PG 10 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA WH591 UT WOS:A1996WH59100008 ER PT J AU Wagner, PA Little, BJ Hart, KR Ray, RI AF Wagner, PA Little, BJ Hart, KR Ray, RI TI Biodegradation of composite materials SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE POLYMER COMPOSITES; BACTERIA; SEAWATER; MARINE AB Fiber-reinforced polymer composites were examined for susceptibility to microbiologically-influenced degradation. Composites, resins, and fibers were exposed to sulfur/iron-oxidizing, calcareous-depositing, ammonium-producing, hydrogen-producing, and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in batch culture. Surfaces were uniformly colonized by all physiological types of bacteria; however, the microbes preferentially colonized surface anomalies including scratches and fiber disruptions. Epoxy and vinyl ester neat resins, carbon fibers, and epoxy composites were not adversely affected by the microbial species. SRB degraded the organic surfactant on glass fibers. Hydrogen-producing bacteria appeared to disrupt bonding between fibers and vinyl ester resin and to penetrate the resin at the interface. Acoustic emission testing demonstrated reduction of tensile strength in a stressed carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composite after exposure to SRB. RP Wagner, PA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-8305 J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 38 IS 2 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1016/S0964-8305(96)00036-4 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA VY363 UT WOS:A1996VY36300009 ER PT J AU Harrod, FS AF Harrod, FS TI Navalism and the emergence of American sea power, 1882-1893 - Shulman,MR SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP Harrod, FS (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGAN AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 83 IS 2 BP 641 EP 642 DI 10.2307/2945021 PG 2 WC History SC History GA VH816 UT WOS:A1996VH81600086 ER PT J AU Wirtz, JJ AF Wirtz, JJ TI Pacification: The American struggle for Vietnam's hearts and minds - Hunt,RA SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP Wirtz, JJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ORGAN AMER HISTORIANS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 112 N BRYAN ST, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 SN 0021-8723 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 83 IS 2 BP 706 EP 706 DI 10.2307/2945092 PG 1 WC History SC History GA VH816 UT WOS:A1996VH81600160 ER PT J AU Oyofo, BA Mohran, ZS ElEtr, SH Wasfy, MO Peruski, LF AF Oyofo, BA Mohran, ZS ElEtr, SH Wasfy, MO Peruski, LF TI Detection of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shigella and Campylobacter spp by multiplex PCR assay SO JOURNAL OF DIARRHOEAL DISEASES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic; Shigella; Campylobacter; polymerase chain reaction; diarrhoea; dysentery, bacillary ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION AB Three oligonucleotide primers were used in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the simultaneous amplification of regions of the invasive plasmid antigen (ipaH) of Shigella spp., flagellin gene (flaA) of Campylobacter spp., and heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). The multiplex assay was performed using DNA extracted by a chaotropic method directly from diarrhoeal stools. The diagnostic efficacy of the assay was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. This assay shows a novel approach for the diagnosis of diarrhoea caused by Shigella spp., ETEC, and Campylobacter spp. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,ENTER MICROBIOL BRANCH,CAIRO,EGYPT. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT CENTRE DIARRHOEAL DISEASE RES, BANGLADESH PI DHAKA PA MOHAKHALI, 1212 DHAKA, BANGLADESH SN 0253-8768 J9 J DIARRHOEAL DIS RES JI J. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 14 IS 3 BP 207 EP 210 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA WE279 UT WOS:A1996WE27900007 PM 9019016 ER PT J AU Hill, CW Gedridge, RW Groshens, TJ Stringfellow, GB Sadwick, LP AF Hill, CW Gedridge, RW Groshens, TJ Stringfellow, GB Sadwick, LP TI Low-pressure pyrolysis studies of a new phosphorus precursor: Tertiarybutylbis(dimethylamino)phosphine SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE phosphorous precursor; pyrolysis studies; tertiarybutylbis(dimethylamino) phosphine ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; TERTIARYBUTYLPHOSPHINE; DECOMPOSITION; PHOSPHINE; GROWTH; INP AB The low pressure decomposition of tertiarybutylbis(dimethylamino) phosphine, (t-Bu)P(NMe(2))(2), (TBBDMAP), has been studied on quartz and deposited GaP and InP surfaces. This new phosphorus precursor has been found to pyrolyze on quartz surfaces at much lower temperatures than the related compounds tertiarybutylphosphine, (t-Bu)PH2, (TBP) and tris(dimethylamino)phosphorus, P(NMe(2))(3), (TDMAP). In contrast to the results obtained for TDMAP, GaP and InP surfaces decrease the decomposition temperature of TBBDMAP only slightly. The TBBDMAP reaction products were dimethylamine, methylmethyleneimine, and isobutylene, consistent with previous pyrolysis studies of TBP and TDMAP. C1 UNIV UTAH,DEPT ELECT ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV WEAP,CHEM & MAT BRANCH,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. RP Hill, CW (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1434 EP 1438 DI 10.1007/BF02655379 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VJ504 UT WOS:A1996VJ50400004 ER PT J AU Chun, YS Stringfellow, GB Gedridge, RW AF Chun, YS Stringfellow, GB Gedridge, RW TI Co-pyrolysis of DIPSbH and TMIn SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE co-pyrolysis; DIPSbH; TMIn ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; DECOMPOSITION MECHANISMS; GROWTH; TRIMETHYLGALLIUM; TRIMETHYLINDIUM; HYDRIDE; MOVPE AB The reaction mechanisms for the pyrolysis of diisopropylantimonyhydride (DIPSbH, (C3H7)(2)SbH) alone and for the co-pyrolysis df DIPSbH and trimethylindium (TMIn, (CH3)(3)In) in D-2 and H-2 ambients have been studied in an isothermal flow-tube, ''ersatz'' reactor using mass spectrometry to analyze the reaction products. The rate limiting step in the pyrolysis of DIPSbH alone is the reductive coupling reaction, producing C3H8. Additional products are C3H6 and C6H14 produced by disproportionation and recombination reactions, respectively, of C3H7 radicals produced during the second stage of DIPSbH pyrolysis. The mixture of DIPSbH with TMIn produces a nonvolatile adduct on the quartz walls immediately after mixing in the reactor even at room temperature. No products were evolved at room temperature. However, for reactor temperatures between 100 and 200 degrees C, an alkane elimination reaction occurs, producing CH4. The remaining solid product is postulated to be [(CH3)(2)InSb(C3H7)(2)](n) (n = 2 or 3). For temperatures greater than 200 degrees C, the DIPSbH begins to pyrolyze independently. This temperature for the onset of DIPSbH pyrolysis is considerably above the. temperature (125 degrees C) at which pyrolysis begins for DIPSbH alone. This suggests that during co-pyrolysis formation of the adduct retards pyrolysis of DIPSbH. Apparently, dissociation of the adduct is necessary before the DIPSbH can pyrolyze independently. Co-pyrolysis of DIPSbH and TMIn between 250 and 375 degrees C produces (C3H7)Sb(CH3)(2) and (CH3)(3)Sb. Neither is found for the pyrolysis of DIPSbH alone. Considerably larger amounts of C2H6 are also detected at low temperatures (less than or equal to 300 degrees C). The ethane may come from the [(CH3)(2)InSb(C3H7)(2)](n) via an intramolecular alkane elimination reaction. The high carbon contamination levels reported for InSb samples grown by OMVPE using these precursors at 300 and 325 degrees C are postulated to be caused by the formation of (C3H7)Sb(CH3)(2) during the co-pyrolysis of DIPSbH and TMIn, but not during the pyrolysis of each precursor alone. C1 NAVAL AIR SYST COMMAND HEADQUARTERS,NAVAL AIR SYST COMMAND,ARLINGTON,VA 22243. RP Chun, YS (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1539 EP 1544 DI 10.1007/BF02655396 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VJ504 UT WOS:A1996VJ50400021 ER PT J AU Beach, CW Calhoun, JC Bramwell, JD Hutter, JW Miller, GA AF Beach, CW Calhoun, JC Bramwell, JD Hutter, JW Miller, GA TI Clinical evaluation of bacterial leakage of endodontic temporary filling materials SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID TREATED TEETH; CORONAL MICROLEAKAGE; RESTORATIONS; PENETRATION AB This study was an in vivo comparison of the bacterial leakage associated with three endodontic temporary restorative materials: Cavit, Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM), and TERM. The access openings of 51 endodontically treated teeth were randomly sealed with a 4-mm thickness of one of the three materials, Three wk after placement of each temporary restoration, bacterial leakage was evaluated by sampling from beneath the temporary restoration and then culturing the samples both aerobically and anaerobically. Positive growth occurred in 4 of 14 TERM samples and in 1 of 18 IRM samples, Cavit did not demonstrate leakage in any of the teeth in which it was used, Cavit provided a significantly better seal than TERM over the study period. C1 USN,SCH DENT,DEPT ENDODONT,BETHESDA,MD. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 22 IS 9 BP 459 EP 462 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80077-X PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VE847 UT WOS:A1996VE84700004 PM 9198425 ER PT J AU Donta, ST Peduzzi, P Cross, AS Sadoff, J Haakenson, C Cryz, SJ Kauffman, C Bradley, S Gafford, G Elliston, D Beam, TR John, JF Ribner, B Cantey, R Welsh, CH Ellison, RT Young, EJ Hamill, RJ Leaf, H Schein, RMH Mulligan, M Johnson, C Abrutyn, E Griffiss, JM Hamadeh, R Eliasson, AH McClain, JB Melcher, GP Kelly, JW Byrne, WR Wallace, M Amundson, D Gumpert, B Slagle, D AF Donta, ST Peduzzi, P Cross, AS Sadoff, J Haakenson, C Cryz, SJ Kauffman, C Bradley, S Gafford, G Elliston, D Beam, TR John, JF Ribner, B Cantey, R Welsh, CH Ellison, RT Young, EJ Hamill, RJ Leaf, H Schein, RMH Mulligan, M Johnson, C Abrutyn, E Griffiss, JM Hamadeh, R Eliasson, AH McClain, JB Melcher, GP Kelly, JW Byrne, WR Wallace, M Amundson, D Gumpert, B Slagle, D TI Immunoprophylaxis against Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN; IMMUNE GLOBULIN; RESISTANT; IMMUNOGENICITY; VACCINE; SAFETY; HUMANS; THERAPY; TOXIN AB To determine if passive immunization could decrease the incidence or severity of Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, patients admitted to intensive care units of 16 Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense hospitals were randomized to receive either 100 mg/kg intravenous hyperimmune globulin (IVIG), derived from donors immunized with a 24-valent Klebsiella capsular polysaccharide plus an 8-valent P. aeruginosa O-polysaccharide-toxin A conjugate vaccine, or an albumin placebo. The overall incidence and severity of vaccine-specific Klebsiella plus Pseudomonas infections were not significantly different between the groups receiving albumin and IVIG. There was some evidence that IVIG may decrease the incidence (2.7% albumin vs. 1.2% IVIG) and severity (1.0% vs. 0.3%) of vaccine-specific Klebsiella infections, but these reductions were not statistically significant. The trial was stopped because it was statistically unlikely that IVIG would be protective against Pseudomonas infections at the dosage being used. Patients receiving IVIG had more adverse reactions (14.4% vs. 9.2%). C1 VET ADM MED CTR,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. VET ADM MED CTR,ASHEVILLE,NC. VET ADM MED CTR,BUFFALO,NY 14215. VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10010. VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. VET ADM MED CTR,DENVER,CO 80220. VET ADM MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77211. VET ADM MED CTR,MIAMI,FL 33125. VET ADM MED CTR,LONG BEACH,CA 90822. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. VET ADM MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET ADM COOPERAT STUDIES COORDINATING CTR,WEST HAVEN,CT. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. VET COOPERAT STUDIES CENT RES PHARM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. SWISS SERUM & VACCINE INST,CH-3001 BERN,SWITZERLAND. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. BROOKE ARMY MED CTR,FT SAM HOUSTON,TX 78234. WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MED CTR,EL PASO,TX 79920. FITZSIMONS ARMY MED CTR,AURORA,CO 80045. USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Donta, ST (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR,150 S HUNTINGTON AVE,BOSTON,MA 02130, USA. NR 24 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 174 IS 3 BP 537 EP 543 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VE493 UT WOS:A1996VE49300013 PM 8769611 ER PT J AU Barlow, JG AF Barlow, JG TI One hundred years of sea power: The US Navy, 1890-1990 - Baer,GW SO JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review RP Barlow, JG (reprint author), USN,CTR HIST,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD ST JOURNALS DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-1953 J9 J INTERDISCIPL HIST JI J. Interdiscip. Hist. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 2 BP 355 EP 356 DI 10.2307/205213 PG 2 WC History SC History GA VF817 UT WOS:A1996VF81700060 ER PT J AU Romano, AJ Bucaro, JA Shirron, JJ AF Romano, AJ Bucaro, JA Shirron, JJ TI On the induced phase shift of dynamically forced optical fibers: Theory and numerical simulation SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SENSOR AB In this paper, we present a formulation and numerical simulation for the phase shift of light as it is passed through dynamically forced optical fibers. A generalized representation for the induced phase shift, as well as a finite element model appropriate for an isotropic, arbitrarily oriented fiber is developed. These general expressions are then specialized to the particular case of a straight, finite length of fiber, which is forced normally along its entire length. Calculations are carried out for three quite different fiber configurations over a spectrum of frequencies, and the resulting phase and strain responses are presented and discussed. RP Romano, AJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7132,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1992 EP 2002 DI 10.1109/50.536967 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA VH800 UT WOS:A1996VH80000008 ER PT J AU Wurmser, D AF Wurmser, D TI A manifestly reciprocal theory of scattering in the presence of elastic media SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ROUGH INTERFACE SCATTERING; SEA-SURFACE; ACOUSTIC SCATTERING; SOUND; MODEL AB The role of elastic waves in the scattering problem is examined in the context of modern field theory. This effort builds upon a previously published, and since successfully applied formalism for solving the acoustic and electromagnetic scattering problems. It specifically addresses the scattering of acoustic waves from a fluid-solid interface, as well as the scattering of elastodynamic waves from surfaces satisfying the zero-displacement, stress-free, and solid-solid boundary conditions. Expressions for the change in the scattering amplitude due to a perturbation in the scattering surface are derived directly from the requirement of time reversal symmetry (also known as reciprocity). These results constitute formal statements of the composite (or two-scale) model. In a typical application, the perturbation usually corresponds to Bragg scattering and is treated statistically, while the reference surface provides tilt, shadowing, and multiple scattering, and is usually treated deterministically. Used in this way, the neu formalism effectively allows existing numerical and operator expansion methods to be used to calculate the scattering from rougher and/or higher dimensional surfaces than would otherwise be possible. An alternate application of the formalism is illustrated using the fluid-solid boundary as an example, A new manifestly reciprocal expression for the scattering amplitude is presented, as are the small slope and ''local'' two-scale approximations for this problem. (By local, it is meant that only local phenomena such as the tilt of the reference surface are automatically included. However, since the result is manifestly reciprocal, it is fairly straightforward to incorporate a non-local effect such as shadowing.) During the course of the discussion, the classical scattering problem is reexamined from an entirely new perspective. RP Wurmser, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 37 IS 9 BP 4434 EP 4479 DI 10.1063/1.531660 PG 46 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VG131 UT WOS:A1996VG13100015 ER PT J AU Holub, NL AF Holub, NL TI Milk, money, and madness: The culture and politics of breastfeeding - Baumslag,N, Michels,DL SO JOURNAL OF NURSE-MIDWIFERY LA English DT Book Review RP Holub, NL (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0091-2182 J9 J NURSE-MIDWIFERY JI J. Nurse-Midwifery PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 41 IS 5 BP 407 EP 408 PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA VN226 UT WOS:A1996VN22600012 ER PT J AU Mitts, KG Hennrikus, WL AF Mitts, KG Hennrikus, WL TI In-line skating fractures in children SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS LA English DT Article DE fracture; in-line skate; pediatric; roller blade ID BICYCLE; INJURIES; HELMETS AB Seventy-eight fractures are reported in 61 children who fell while in-line skating, Distal radius or radius and ulna fractures as a result of falls on the outstretched hand occurred in >75% of cases. Almost half of the patients were novices with <4 weeks of experience on inline skates, In act, one in eight children sustained a fracture during the first attempt at the sport. Closed reductions were needed in 26 cases. Only two of 61 children were wearing any protective equipment at the lime of the fracture. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG & CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 20 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0271-6798 J9 J PEDIATR ORTHOPED JI J. Pediatr. Orthop. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 16 IS 5 BP 640 EP 643 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Pediatrics SC Orthopedics; Pediatrics GA VC512 UT WOS:A1996VC51200017 PM 8865051 ER PT J AU Getka, TP Alexander, DCC Parker, WB Miller, GA AF Getka, TP Alexander, DCC Parker, WB Miller, GA TI Immunomodulatory and superantigen activities of bacteria associated with adult periodontitis SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immune response; immune system deficiency; lymphocytes; periodontitis/complications; periodontitis/microbiology ID ACTINOBACILLUS-ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; LYMPHOCYTE-TRANSFORMATION; BLASTOGENIC RESPONSE; DISEASE; SUPPRESSION; ANTIGENS; CELLS; RESPONSIVENESS; STIMULATION; INDIVIDUALS AB IMMUNE DYSFUNCTIONS ARE FREQUENTLY associated with chronic inflammatory diseases. Several investigators have reported that patients with severe periodontitis show reduced or negligible levels of proliferative responses of peripheral blood and gingival lymphocytes to periodontopathic organisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influences of products from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) on lymphocytes obtained from periodontally diseased and non-diseased individuals in order to extend our understanding of the possible, role of such bacterial components as immune modulators. Pooled cultures of either P. gingivalis or A. actinomycetemcomitans were disrupted using glass beads in a bead mill to prepare whole cell homogenates. These homogenates were then co-cultured with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and known lymphocyte stimulators. Cultures were pulsed with tritiated thymidine, harvested, and radio label incorporation was determined. Responses to toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were inhibited at high concentrations of bacterial homogenate. However, as the concentration was reduced, responses induced by PWM were restored while TSST-1 induced responses remained inhibited. Such results suggest that P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans contain potent immunosuppressants with differential influences on lymphocyte population. These effects on B- and T-cells are independent of periodontal disease status and appear to exert their influence through non-toxic mechanisms. In addition, work currently underway presently indicates that obligate oral anaerobic bacteria such as P. gingivalis produce substances with some of the characteristics of superantigens. C1 USN,RES DEPT,DENT RES INST DETACHMENT,BETHESDA,MD 20889. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD. RP Getka, TP (reprint author), USN,SCH DENT,NATL NAVAL DENT CTR,PERIODONTAL DEPT,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 67 IS 9 BP 909 EP 917 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VJ491 UT WOS:A1996VJ49100011 PM 8884649 ER PT J AU Seltzer, MD Wright, AO Morrison, CA Wortman, DE Gruber, JB Filer, ED AF Seltzer, MD Wright, AO Morrison, CA Wortman, DE Gruber, JB Filer, ED TI Optical spectra, energy levels and branching ratios of trivalent dysprosium-doped yttrium scandium gallium garnet SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE optical materials; crystal fields; optical properties ID INTENSITY CALCULATIONS; THULIUM IONS AB Absorption spectra of trivalent dysprosium ions in yttrium scandium gallium garnet are reported between 2.9 and 0.4 mu m at 4 K. Laser-excited fluorescence was observed at 4 K for transitions between the F-4(9/2) manifold and several of the lower-lying H-6(J) and F-6(J) manifolds. A crystal-field splitting calculation was carried out in which a parametrized Hamiltonian (including Coulombic, spin-orbit, and crystal field terms in D-2 symmetry) was diagonalized for selected manifolds of the Dy3+ (4f(9)) configuration. The RMS deviation between 69 experimental and calculated Stark levels was 8 cm(-1). Calculations were carried out to predict branching ratios for emission from the F-4(9/2) manifold. C1 USA,RES LAB,ADELPHI,MD 20783. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. NORFOLK STATE UNIV,CTR MAT RES,NORFOLK,VA 23504. RP Seltzer, MD (reprint author), USN,WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD SEP PY 1996 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1175 EP 1182 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00248-0 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VC879 UT WOS:A1996VC87900001 ER PT J AU Wright, AO Seltzer, MD Gruber, JB Zandi, B Merkle, LD Chai, BHT AF Wright, AO Seltzer, MD Gruber, JB Zandi, B Merkle, LD Chai, BHT TI Spectroscopic investigation of Pr3+ fluorapatite crystals SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE inorganic compounds; luminescence; crystal fields; optical properties ID SITE-SELECTIVE SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY-LEVELS; FIELD ANALYSIS; LASER; SPECTRA; IONS; FLUOROPHOSPHATE; LUMINESCENCE; ABSORPTION; APATITES AB Spectroscopic data is presented for Pr3+-doped calcium fluorapatite (Ca-5(PO4)(3)F) and strontium fluorapatite (Sr-5(PO4)(3)F) crystals which were studied using polarized absorption and laser-induced fluorescence as optical probes. Complete tabulation of experimental energy levels is provided for strontium fluorapatite, where only one Pr3+ site, having C-s symmetry, is measurable. In calcium fluorapatite, at least three Pr3+ sites of appreciable concentration are evident, though the majority site is demonstrated to show similarity to the site in the strontium fluorapatite host. An unusually high crystal field splitting of Pr3+ energy levels is exhibited in both hosts. Intersite energy transfer, upconversion and cross relaxation are discussed for Pr3+ in the calcium fluorapatite crystal. C1 NAVAL AIR WARFARE CTR,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. USA,RES LAB,IR OPT TECHNOL OFC,FT BELVOIR,VA 22060. UNIV CENT FLORIDA,CTR RES ELECTROOPT & LASERS,ORLANDO,FL 32836. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD SEP PY 1996 VL 57 IS 9 BP 1337 EP 1350 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00418-1 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VC879 UT WOS:A1996VC87900022 ER PT J AU Garner, JC AF Garner, JC TI Clementine gallium arsenide/germanium solar array SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB The Clementine spacecraft was launched in January 1994 to demonstrate advanced, lightweight technologies for the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization. Clementine was the first U.S. spacecraft to orbit the moon since the 1970s, One of the key lightweight technologies was the solar cell array panels. The panels used thin gallium arsenide on germanium solar cells mounted on lightweight graphite epoxy/aluminum honeycomb core substrates. The combination provides an array specific power of 53 W/kg, Four deployable panels were fabricated to provide 380 W @ 30 V de. The small conical-shaped solid rocket motor housing or interstage was also populated with solar cells to provide additional power during the low-Earth-orbit part of the mission. The design of the deployable and interstage arrays, qualification test results, and on-orbit performance data are presented. RP Garner, JC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 8134,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 12 IS 5 BP 847 EP 851 DI 10.2514/3.24137 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VG130 UT WOS:A1996VG13000007 ER PT J AU Moyle, IN Shreeve, RP Walker, GJ AF Moyle, IN Shreeve, RP Walker, GJ TI Case wall pressures in a multistage axial compressor with tip clearance variation SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article AB Large cyclical pressure excursions from stator-averaged values are observed on the suction side of a rotor blade at the case wall in a multistage compressor as the rotor moves relative to the stator, The pressure changes correlate well with stator relative position, occur in the passage away from the blade, and are only slightly modified by tip clearance changes, Close to the entry and exit of the tip gap, however, the pressures remain stable. The pressures near the gap are only slightly affected by stator proximity and primarily vary with tip gap height. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 12 IS 5 BP 967 EP 973 DI 10.2514/3.24129 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VG130 UT WOS:A1996VG13000024 ER PT J AU Wedeward, K Colbaugh, R Engelmann, A AF Wedeward, K Colbaugh, R Engelmann, A TI Adaptive explicit force control of position-controlled manipulators SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID ROBOT MANIPULATORS; IMPEDANCE CONTROL; STABILITY AB This article presents a new adaptive outer-loop approach for explicit force regulation of position-controlled robot manipulators. The strategy is computationally simple and does not require knowledge of the manipulator dynamic model, the inner-loop position controller parameters, or the environment. It is shown that the control strategy guarantees global uniform boundedness of all signals and convergence of the position/force regulation errors to zero when applied to the full nonlinear robot dynamic model. If bounded external disturbances are present, a slight modification to the control scheme ensures that global uniform boundedness of all signals is retained and that arbitrarily accurate stabilization of the regulation errors can be achieved. Additionally, it is shown that the adaptive controller is also applicable to robotic systems with PID inner-loop position controllers. Computer simulation results are given for a Robotics Research Corporation (RRC) Model K-1207 redundant arm and demonstrate that accurate and robust force control is achievable with the proposed controller. Experimental results are presented for the RRC Model K-1207 robot and confirm that the control scheme provides a simple and effective means of obtaining high-performance force control. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,LAS CRUCES,NM 88003. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. RP Wedeward, K (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT SYST ENGN,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0741-2223 J9 J ROBOTIC SYST JI J. Robot. Syst. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 13 IS 9 BP 603 EP 618 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4563(199609)13:9<603::AID-ROB4>3.0.CO;2-Q PG 16 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA VC606 UT WOS:A1996VC60600004 ER PT J AU Lavoie, DM Baerwald, RJ Hulbert, MH Bennett, RH AF Lavoie, DM Baerwald, RJ Hulbert, MH Bennett, RH TI A drinking-straw mini-corer for sediments SO JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 UNIV NEW ORLEANS, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70148 USA. RES DYNAM, GRAYSLAKE, IL 60030 USA. RP Lavoie, DM (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY PI TULSA PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA SN 1527-1404 J9 J SEDIMENT RES JI J. Sediment. Res. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 66 IS 5 BP 1030 EP 1030 PN A PG 1 WC Geology SC Geology GA VM107 UT WOS:A1996VM10700021 ER PT J AU Schindel, LH Lam, L AF Schindel, LH Lam, L TI Improved missile control effectiveness payoffs SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article AB Simplified planar air-to-air engagements are examined to indicate the effects of various missile characteristics on the average time to intercept a target. For example, in a typical case the missile should be capable of 30 g maneuvers with an overall time constant no greater than 0.5 s. These parameters are related, in turn, to missile geometry and flight conditions. One significant finding is the actuator torque required, which must exceed the maximum hinge moment. RP Schindel, LH (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 33 IS 5 BP 647 EP 650 DI 10.2514/3.26815 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VM676 UT WOS:A1996VM67600008 ER PT J AU Moran, AL Rebis, RE AF Moran, AL Rebis, RE TI Structure and property evaluation of large-diameter spray-formed superalloy piping SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE spray forming; large-diameter piping; superalloys; mechanical testing; metallurgical characterization; pilger rolling; roll extrusion; Alloy 625; seawater service AB A comparative testing evaluation program was conducted to assess the mechanical properties, metallurgical characteristics and fabricability of spray-formed Alloy 625 tubes and subsequently processed piping. Spray-formed preforms were deposited and reduced via pilger rolling or roll extrusion to produce thin-walled piping in diameters of 10.2, 20.3, and 35.6 cm (4, 8, and 14 in. nominal pipe size). Evaluations based on chemical analysis, strength, ductility, hardness, impact toughness, fatigue properties, weldability, and corrosion resistance demonstrated that spray-formed piping appears to be a viable substitute for conventionally produced Alloy 625 piping and that a minimal amount of cold working is required on the as-deposited tubular preforms in order for them to meet the specification requirements for naval applications. C1 USN,SURVIVABIL STRUCT & MAT DIRECTORATE,CARDEROCK DIV,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RP Moran, AL (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT ENGN MECH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0090-3973 J9 J TEST EVAL JI J. Test. Eval. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 24 IS 5 BP 302 EP 315 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA VK271 UT WOS:A1996VK27100005 ER PT J AU Weinberg, H Keenan, RE AF Weinberg, H Keenan, RE TI Gaussian ray bundles for modeling high-frequency propagation loss under shallow-water conditions SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Joint Meeting of the Acoustical-Society-of-America/Acoustical-Society-of-Japan CY DEC 02-06, 1996 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Acoust Soc Amer, Acoust Soc Japan AB An acoustical propagation model was developed to analyze high-frequency propagation loss under shallow-water conditions. The model is based on Gaussian ray bundles which are similar in form but somewhat simpler than Gaussian beams. After describing the approach, propagation loss predictions are compared with those of various ''standard models'' at lower frequencies where the latter models are accurate and efficient. If Gaussian ray bundles compare well at the lower frequencies, they should perform well at the higher frequencies as ray approximations improve. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MASHPEE,MA 02649. RP Weinberg, H (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DETACHMENT,NEW LONDON,CT 06320, USA. NR 8 TC 50 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 1421 EP 1431 DI 10.1121/1.415989 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VK273 UT WOS:A1996VK27300027 ER PT J AU Oeschger, J Goodman, L AF Oeschger, J Goodman, L TI Acoustic scattering from a thermally driven buoyant plume SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Joint Meeting of the Acoustical-Society-of-America/Acoustical-Society-of-Japan CY DEC 02-06, 1996 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Acoust Soc Amer, Acoust Soc Japan ID EXCISED HUMAN-TISSUES; CROSS-SECTIONS; CALF LIVER; BACKSCATTERING COEFFICIENTS; ANIMAL-TISSUES; MICROSTRUCTURE; TURBULENCE; SOUND; MEDIA AB An examination is made of the use of broad bandwidth high-frequency acoustic scattering to infer remotely the spatial structure of the temperature field of a thermally driven buoyant plume. Application of the far-field Born approximation results in a linear relationship between the transfer function of the scattering process, Gamma, the ratio of received to transmitted pressure, to the spatial Fourier transform of the temperature field, phi(K), where K = k(s)-k(i) is the Bragg wave-number vector. A series of experiments are devised to test this hypothesis, These experiments involve a geometry of scattering in which pairs of sources and receivers are placed on opposite sides and equidistant from the scattering volume, a buoyant plume generated by a small circular heating element at the base of a water tank, It is shown that the far-field approximation assuming incident plane waves breaks down when the scales of temperature variability of the plume are of order the Fresnel radius. These results are discussed for both an unstable and turbulent plume. Conditions for the recovery of the Bragg scattering condition are established. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT PHYS,KINGSTON,RI 02881. OFF NAVAL RES,OCEAN & ATMOSPHER PHYS DIV,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 1451 EP 1462 DI 10.1121/1.415992 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VK273 UT WOS:A1996VK27300030 ER PT J AU Piquette, JC Forsythe, SE AF Piquette, JC Forsythe, SE TI Transducer transient suppression: Generalized methods of analysis SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Joint Meeting of the Acoustical-Society-of-America/Acoustical-Society-of-Japan CY DEC 02-06, 1996 CL HONOLULU, HI SP Acoust Soc Amer, Acoust Soc Japan AB Generalized methods for determining the required waveshape for the driving-voltage waveform that produces no transients in the sound field radiated from an electroacoustic projector are presented. The methods described yield exact analytical expressions for the transient-suppressing drive for any equivalent circuit composed exclusively of lumped elements, although their practical numerical realization requires approximations to be made. However, the approximate drive so obtained can be chosen to approach the exact drive arbitrarily closely. An approximate method for transient suppression, based on z-plane analysis, is also presented. Although only approximate, the method does not require an equivalent circuit for the transducer of interest, but only an approximate z-plane representation. The method also has the advantage of producing no undesirable ramps or pedestals in the transient-suppressing drive. RP Piquette, JC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,UNDERWATER SOUND REFERENCE DETACHMENT,POB 568337,ORLANDO,FL 32856, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 100 IS 3 BP 1577 EP 1583 DI 10.1121/1.416026 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VK273 UT WOS:A1996VK27300044 ER PT J AU Jewell, JM Friebele, EJ Aggarwal, ID AF Jewell, JM Friebele, EJ Aggarwal, ID TI Controlled crystallization and properties of zirconium fluoride-based glass-ceramics SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION; NUCLEATION AB 51ZrF(4) . 16BaF(2) . 5LaF(3) . 3AlF(3) . 20LiF . 5PbF(2) glasses mere prepared with CdF2 additions of 0, 2, 5, and 7.5 mol%. The glasses with 2 and 5 mol% exhibited controllable nucleation upon heat treatment above the glass transformation temperature, The nucleation and crystallization of glasses with 5 mol% CdF2 were characterized using bulk heat treatments, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy, The isothermal crystallization of nucleated glasses resulted in the formation of a glass-ceramic that was transparent in the infrared (>70% transmission) and more resistant to fracture than typical fluoride glasses. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 79 IS 9 BP 2397 EP 2402 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08988.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VJ727 UT WOS:A1996VJ72700022 ER PT J AU Carlin, RT Trulove, PC DeLong, HC AF Carlin, RT Trulove, PC DeLong, HC TI Electrodeposition of cobalt-aluminum alloys from room temperature chloroaluminate molten salt SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DEPOSITION; NUCLEATION; METAL; CHLORIDE; GROWTH AB The electrochemical reduction of cobalt(II) in the 1.5:1.0 AlCl3:EMIC (EMIC = 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) room temperature molten salt leads to cobalt metal at potentials positive of +0.4 V and to CoAlx alloys when the deposition potential is negative of +0.4 V. The value of x in CoAlx gradually increases up to a value of 2 as the electrodeposition potential (E(deposition)) decreases, however, plots of x vs. E(deposition) exhibit sloping plateaus and indicate preferential formation of alloys having integral compositions of CoAl1 and CoAl2. The formation of these alloys can be interpreted as an under-potential deposition-based process or as a free energy of alloy formation. Evaluation of the chronoamperometric transient behavior during electrodeposition shows that pure Co deposition proceeds via 3D progressive nucleation with diffusion-controlled growth. However, as E(deposition) crosses from Co metal into the alloy-forming range, th nucleation process exhibits characteristics indicative of kinetic control. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. USAF,OFF SCI RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20332. RP Carlin, RT (reprint author), COVALENT ASSOCIATES INC,WOBURN,MA 01801, USA. NR 26 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 143 IS 9 BP 2747 EP 2758 DI 10.1149/1.1837102 PG 12 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA VH209 UT WOS:A1996VH20900025 ER PT J AU Dressler, ET Laux, AE Billmers, RI AF Dressler, ET Laux, AE Billmers, RI TI Theory and experiment for the anomalous Faraday effect in potassium SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID DISPERSION OPTICAL FILTER AB The detailed theory of the anomalous Faraday effect in potassium is studied for the 4S(1/2) --> 4P(1/2) transition including hyperfine effects. The theoretical results are compared with experimental measurements. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America. C1 AMPAC INC,NORRISTOWN,PA 19403. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ABINGTON,PA 19001. RP Dressler, ET (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,CODE 45561,WARMINSTER,PA 18974, USA. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 13 IS 9 BP 1849 EP 1858 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.001849 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA VF898 UT WOS:A1996VF89800003 ER PT J AU Gagne, PJ Matchett, J MacFarland, D HauerJensen, M Barone, GW Eidt, JF Barnes, RW AF Gagne, PJ Matchett, J MacFarland, D HauerJensen, M Barone, GW Eidt, JF Barnes, RW TI Can the NASCET technique for measuring carotid stenosis be reliably applied outside the trial? SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th Annual Meeting of the Southern-Association-for-Vascular-Surgery CY JAN 24-27, 1996 CL NAPLES, FL SP So Assoc Vasc Surg ID ARTERY STENOSIS; INTEROBSERVER VARIABILITY; ENDARTERECTOMY TRIAL; 1001 ANGIOGRAMS AB Purpose: The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) and the Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Study (ACAS) both confirmed the effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy for preventing stroke in patients who have significant carotid stenosis. A uniform technique for measuring carotid stenosis from an arteriogram (% stenosis = [1 - minimum residual lumen/normal distal cervical internal carotid artery diameter] x 100) was used in both trials, with reproducibility internally validated. The reliability of this measurement when used outside the trials for defining carotid stenosis has not been validated. Imprecise calculation of carotid stenosis can result in a 50% overestimation of significant carotid disease and potential overuse of carotid surgery. This is a prospective study of the reliability of carotid stenosis measurements performed by practicing physicians of different specialties and different levels of clinical experience. Methods: Two vascular surgeons and two interventional radiologists (one resident and one staff member per specialty), blinded to results, calculated the percent stenosis from 219 consecutive arteriograms performed to evaluate extracranial carotid artery occlusive disease; 72 random films were reread by each individual. The interpretations were grouped as <60% or greater than or equal to 60% stenosis (ACAS) and as <30%, 30% to 69%, and greater than or equal to 70% stenosis (NASCET). Interobserver and intraobserver agreement were analyzed with the kappa statistic and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Interobserver reliability in categorizing carotid stenosis revealed excellent agreement for both ACAS (kappa = 0.825 to 0.903) and NASCET groups (kappa = 0.729 to 0.793). Interobserver correlation coefficients ranged from 0.91 to 0.95. Intraobserver agreement was also highly reproducible for both the ACAS (kappa = 0.732 to 0.970) and NASCET categories (kappa = 0.634 to 0.805). Intraobserver correlation coefficients ranged from 0.89 to 0.95. Conclusion: The NASCET technique for quantification of carotid stenosis can be easily learned by physicians and reliably implemented for appropriate identification of candidates for carotid endarterectomy. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT SURG,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP,DEPT RADIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR 72205. LITTLE ROCK VET ADM MED CTR,SURG SERV,LITTLE ROCK,AR. LITTLE ROCK VET ADM MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,LITTLE ROCK,AR. USN,MED CTR,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 24 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 449 EP 455 DI 10.1016/S0741-5214(96)70201-X PG 7 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VH809 UT WOS:A1996VH80900027 PM 8808967 ER PT J AU Brewster, D Cupp, C Wester, DC AF Brewster, D Cupp, C Wester, DC TI The effects of macrophages on the survival of random skin flaps in swine SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-FACTORS; ANGIOGENESIS AB Tissue macrophages play a critical role in neovascularization by releasing angiogenic cytokines, Macrophages normally arrive into a wound bed 48 to 96 hours following an injury(1). Introducing macrophages into a wound bed at the time of closure would theoretically stimulate neovascularization in the traumatized tissue prior to what is normally observed, The ability to promote early angiogenesis could be an important factor in the survival of an extended skin flap. By taking advantage of advanced cell-sorting techniques, the authors developed the first study to evaluate the effect of placing a purified autologous macrophage population into an extended skin flap. We created 72 dorsally based random skin flaps in Yorkshire pigs; 48 of these wounds received autologous macrophages while 24 naps served as controls. The macrophages were obtained by utilizing monoclonal antibodies in conjunction with flow cytometry. The skin naps were evaluated on postoperative day 6 for their viability. Analysis of the data showed no statistically significant difference between the control and treatment flaps. There was, however, a trend of increased survival for naps treated with macrophages. This is the first study to investigate using a purified population of cells 60 improve the survival of random skin flaps. C1 USN,CTR MED,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,DIV HEAD & NECK SURG,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. USN,CTR MED,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,DIV NEUROTOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Brewster, D (reprint author), USN,CTR MED,DEPT CLIN INVEST,34800 BOB WILSON DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LARYNGOSCOPE CO PI ST LOUIS PA 10 S BROADWAY 14TH FLOOR, ST LOUIS, MO 63102-1741 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD SEP PY 1996 VL 106 IS 9 BP 1094 EP 1098 DI 10.1097/00005537-199609000-00010 PN 1 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA VG633 UT WOS:A1996VG63300009 PM 8822712 ER PT J AU Busse, LE Moon, JA Sanghera, JS Aggarwal, ID AF Busse, LE Moon, JA Sanghera, JS Aggarwal, ID TI Chalcogenide fibers deliver high IR power SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article RP Busse, LE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,OPT MAT SECT,CODE 5603,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 5TH FLOOR TEN TARA BOULEVARD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0740-2511 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD SEP PY 1996 VL 32 IS 9 BP 143 EP & PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA VX397 UT WOS:A1996VX39700031 ER PT J AU Procaccini, G Alberte, RS Mazzella, L AF Procaccini, G Alberte, RS Mazzella, L TI Genetic structure of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica in the western Mediterranean: Ecological implications SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE clonality; DNA fingerprinting; minisatellite polymorphism; RAPD; Posidonia; seagrass ID MACROCYSTIS-PYRIFERA PHAEOPHYCEAE; DNA FINGERPRINTS; POPULATIONS; STABILITY; RAPD; DIFFERENTIATION AB The seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile plays a dominant role in coastal ecosystem dynamics in the Mediterranean Sea. This species reproduces both sexually through germination and asexually through vegetative propagation of subterranean rhizomes. Though flowering and fruiting are common, seedlings rarely succeed. An extensive population of P. oceanica on the coast of the Island of Ischia (Gulf oi Naples, Italy) was found to be nearly clonal when analysed with 2 DNA fingerprinting techniques, minisatellites and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD); the results show similarity values of 1 and >0.91, respectively. Furthermore, a comparably high genetic similarity was observed between this population and individuals from another Ischia population and from the coast of Spain. These findings support clonal propagation as the dominant reproductive mode for this species. The presence of Limited numbers of genotypes in the Western Mediterranean basin coupled with a very slow rhizome elongation rate and the significant anthropogenic stress on these populations is cause for concern over the long-term ecological stability of this keystone species. C1 OFF NAVAL RES, BIOL SCI & TECHNOL PROGRAM, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. RP Procaccini, G (reprint author), STAZ ZOOL ANTON DOHRN, LAB ECOL BENTHOS, I-80077 ISCHIA, ITALY. RI Procaccini, Gabriele/A-6618-2010 OI Procaccini, Gabriele/0000-0002-6179-468X NR 45 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 6 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 140 IS 1-3 BP 153 EP 160 DI 10.3354/meps140153 PG 8 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA VJ377 UT WOS:A1996VJ37700013 ER PT J AU Holland, KT Holman, RA AF Holland, KT Holman, RA TI Field observations of beach cusps and swash motions SO MARINE GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EDGE WAVES AB We tested the hypothesis of cusp formation by the longshore structure of synchronous or subharmonic, mode-zero edge waves using detailed field measurements of foreshore topography, incident waves and swash motions. Two distinct intervals of cusp formation were observed. Alongshore separated swash measurements were analyzed to detect structures at wavelengths and frequencies consistent with the measured cusp spacings. For both events, no statistical support for cusp generation by the traditional subharmonic or synchronous edge wave mechanisms was found. However, once cusps became well developed, there was evidence of interaction between fluids and topography at a wavelength equal to the cusp spacing, but at the period of the incident swash. We propose that this interaction could have been responsible for the generation of the second set of cusps with a spacing of half the pre-existing cusp wavelength. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,COLL OCEAN & ATMOSPHER SCI,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP Holland, KT (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7442,BLDG 2437,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. RI Holland, K. Todd/A-7673-2011 OI Holland, K. Todd/0000-0002-4601-6097 NR 32 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0025-3227 J9 MAR GEOL JI Mar. Geol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 134 IS 1-2 BP 77 EP 93 DI 10.1016/0025-3227(96)00025-4 PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VJ827 UT WOS:A1996VJ82700005 ER PT J AU Marrian, CRK Snow, ES AF Marrian, CRK Snow, ES TI Proximal probe lithography and surface modification SO MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE lithography; surface modification; proximal probes ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPE; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; TIP-INDUCED ANODIZATION; NANOMETER-SCALE LITHOGRAPHY; ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; SI NANOSTRUCTURES; SI(100) SURFACES; FABRICATION; SILICON AB The advantage of a low voltage approach to lithography and surface modification is that a more spatially localized energy deposition can be achieved than with a focused high energy charged particle beam. Proximal probes, such as the scanning tunnelling microscope or atomic force microscope with a conductive tip, are convenient ways to realize this approach. We summarize here research performed over the past few years at the Naval Research Laboratory directed towards materials studies and lithographic fabrication of structures and devices using proximal probes. RP Marrian, CRK (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV ELECT SCI & TECHNOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 52 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9317 J9 MICROELECTRON ENG JI Microelectron. Eng. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 32 IS 1-4 BP 173 EP 189 DI 10.1016/0167-9317(96)00005-6 PG 17 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA VJ825 UT WOS:A1996VJ82500011 ER PT J AU Baker, MS Ryals, PA AF Baker, MS Ryals, PA TI Military medicine in operations other than war .1. Use of deployable medical systems facilities to assist in urban crises and enhance reserve medical training SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Navy medicine is challenged to provide ongoing and realistic training for medical personnel who will be deployed to provide battlefield care. Current events in this country suggest that the need for realistic training could be met while simultaneously providing support to civilian communities with great need, Deployable Medical Systems hospital modules could be set up in areas where the medical care system is overwhelmed and provide real patient management on the deployment platform. This innovative approach to providing ''mutual support'' to our own citizens will also enhance the cooperation between the civilian and military sectors should a civil disaster occur. RP Baker, MS (reprint author), USN,RESERVE FLEET HOSP 21,SURG SERV,DALLAS,TX, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 161 IS 9 BP 499 EP 501 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF858 UT WOS:A1996VF85800001 PM 8840787 ER PT J AU Ryals, PA Baker, MS AF Ryals, PA Baker, MS TI Military medicine in operations other than war .2. Humanitarian relief missions for naval reserve fleet hospitals SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ASSISTANCE AB The U.S. military has a long tradition of providing emergency humanitarian assistance to civilian populations overwhelmed by natural disasters or civil strife. Military medicine is designed primarily to provide operational support for combat-oriented missions. The humanitarian relief mission requires different doctrine, configuration, supplies, and training for proper response. The Naval Reserve Fleet Hospital can be used as a crisis-response asset tasked for this specific mission to lessen the negative impact on active duty military operations and medical treatment facilities. RP Ryals, PA (reprint author), USN,RESERVE COMBAT ZONE 500 FLEET HOSP 21,DALLAS,TX, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 161 IS 9 BP 502 EP 504 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF858 UT WOS:A1996VF85800002 PM 8840788 ER PT J AU Conway, TL Woodruff, SL Hurtado, SL AF Conway, TL Woodruff, SL Hurtado, SL TI Navy health care provider attitudes and practices concerning patient tobacco use SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-PRACTITIONERS ADVICE; STATES MILITARY PERSONNEL; SMOKING CESSATION; UNITED-STATES; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; CONTROLLED TRIAL; PHYSICIAN INTERVENTION; TRAINING PHYSICIANS; PRIVATE PRACTICES; RANDOMIZED TRIAL AB This study surveyed 2,287 U.S. Navy health care providers (HCPs) regarding patient-care practices and attitudes related to tobacco use. Almost 80% of HCPs reported that they usually asked new patients about tobacco use, Of 11 recommended practices, two-thirds to three-quarters of HCPs engaged in only 4 behaviors with most or all of their tobacco-using patients: advise patients to stop, advise pregnant users of health risks to the fetus, inform patients of benefits of quitting, and explain dangers of using tobacco, Other recommended cessation strategies were not performed regularly (e.g., assist patients in setting quit date, develop cessation plan, provide self-help materials, make referrals to cessation programs, prescribe nicotine gum, or arrange follow-up visits), It is recommended that concerted efforts be made to train all military HCPs (e.g., physicians, dentists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants) to use the National Cancer Institute's ''Four A's'' approach for patient tobacco cessation, and that strong organizational support to implement these procedures be provided. C1 USN, HLTH RES CTR, HLTH SCI & EPIDEMIOL RES DEPT, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 EI 1930-613X J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 161 IS 9 BP 510 EP 520 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF858 UT WOS:A1996VF85800004 PM 8840790 ER PT J AU Hart, SE Connors, RE AF Hart, SE Connors, RE TI Resourcing decision model for military hospitals SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB As military medicine continues its adoption of managed care economic principles, the leadership of our military treatment facilities (MTFs) need a clear and simple rationale for making resource allocation decisions, The leadership body of an MTF needs to be cognizant of the role of readiness when making such decisions. This article provides a simple resourcing decision model that includes ''readiness'' as a decision-making factor. RP Hart, SE (reprint author), USN HOSP,MARINE CORPS,GROUND COMBAT CTR,TWENTYNINE PALMS,CA 92278, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 161 IS 9 BP 552 EP 556 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VF858 UT WOS:A1996VF85800011 PM 8840797 ER PT J AU Decredico, MA AF Decredico, MA TI Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees in Civil-War Virginia - Jordan,EL SO MISSISSIPPI QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP Decredico, MA (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MISSISSIPPI QUARTERLY PI MISSISSIPPI STATE PA PO BOX 5272, MISSISSIPPI STATE, MS 39762 SN 0026-637X J9 MISS QUART JI Mississippi Q. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 49 IS 4 BP 859 EP 862 PG 4 WC Literary Theory & Criticism SC Literature GA WQ995 UT WOS:A1996WQ99500018 ER PT J AU Brenner, DW Sinnott, SB Harrison, JA Shenderova, OA AF Brenner, DW Sinnott, SB Harrison, JA Shenderova, OA TI Simulated engineering of nanostructures SO NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATOMISTIC MECHANISMS; DYNAMICS; ADHESION; FRACTURE; SURFACE AB Results are reported from two molecular-dynamics simulations designed to yield insight into the engineering of nanometre-scale structures. The first is the initial stages of the indentation of a silicon substrate by an atomically-sharp diamond tip. Up to an indentation depth of approximately 0.6 nm the substrate responds elastically and the profile of the disturbed region of the substrate normal to the surface reflects the shape of the tip apex. The disturbed region in the plane of the surface, however, reflects the symmetry of the substrate rather than that of the tip. As indentation progresses the damage to the substrate becomes irreversible, and the profile of the damage normal to the substrate surface approximately matches that of the tip, while the in-plane profile appears roughly circular rather than displaying the symmetry of either the tip or substrate. The tip maintains its integrity throughout the simulation, which had a maximum indentation depth of 1.2 nm. The second study demonstrates patterning of a diamond substrate using a group of ethynyl radicals attached to a diamond tip. The tip is designed so that the terrace containing the radicals has an atomically-sharp protrusion that can protect the radicals during a tip crash. At contact between the tip and substrate the protrusion is elastically deformed, and five of six chemisorbed radicals abstract hydrogen atoms during the 1.25 ps the tip is in contact with the surface. Displacement of the tip an additional 2.5 Angstrom, however, results in permanent damage to the protrusion with little deformation of the substrate. C1 UNIV KENTUCKY,DEPT CHEM & MAT ENGN,LEXINGTON,KY 40506. USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RP Brenner, DW (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BOX 7907,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. RI Brenner, Donald/D-1741-2009; Sinnott, Susan/P-8523-2014 OI Sinnott, Susan/0000-0002-3598-0403 NR 15 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0957-4484 J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY JI Nanotechnology PD SEP PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1088/0957-4484/7/3/001 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA VL331 UT WOS:A1996VL33100002 ER PT J AU Lemley, LW AF Lemley, LW TI Electronic warfare innovations SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Modern technology has resulted in significant innovations in Electronic Warfare. The Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit (MMIC) program has resulted in Electronic Warfare RF receivers that are orders of magnitude smaller, lighter and cheaper than receivers produced only a few years ago. Computer processing technology is so small and fast that Electronic Warfare can digitize threat signals for identification precise enough that platforms can be identified by serial number in real-time. Analog-to-Digital Converters have improved in speed and quality to permit the realization of a broadband (Gigahertz) digital receiver that preserves a quality reproduction of signals that might otherwise be lost by an analog receiver. Broadband RF components continue to progress such that subsystems and systems progress by orders of magnitude. Interferometer antenna systems that previously yielded 1.0 to 1.5 degrees direction of arrival accuracy over 2:1 RF range can be demonstrated now with 0.05 degrees accuracy over a 10:1 RF range. These and many other technologies permit the demonstration of Electronic Warfare capabilities that are finding their way into Electronic Warfare systems through engineering upgrades or entirely new systems. This paper is a synopsis of the above systems and their demonstrated performance. RP Lemley, LW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,TACT EW DIV,ELECT WARFARE SUPPORT MEASURES BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 108 IS 5 BP 29 EP 36 PG 8 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VG763 UT WOS:A1996VG76300005 ER PT J AU HAGAN, KJ AF HAGAN, KJ TI TOUCHED WITH FIRE - THE LAND WAR IN THE SOUTH-PACIFIC - BERGERUD,E SO NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP HAGAN, KJ (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW YORK TIMES PI NEW YORK PA 229 W 43RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10036-3959 SN 0028-7806 J9 NEW YORK TIMES BK R JI N. Y. Times Book Rev. PD SEP 1 PY 1996 BP 20 EP 20 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA VD426 UT WOS:A1996VD42600033 ER PT J AU Munro, GA Hilton, TJ Hermesch, CB AF Munro, GA Hilton, TJ Hermesch, CB TI In vitro microleakage of etched and rebonded class 5 composite resin restorations SO OPERATIVE DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE; HYGROSCOPIC EXPANSION; MARGINAL ADAPTATION; CONTRACTION GAPS; DENTIN CAVITIES; BONDING AGENT; LEAKAGE; GROWTH; PULP AB The purpose of this study was to measure the effect rebonding, with and without etching restoration margins, had on the microleakage of class 5 composite restorations, Eighty-two class 5 composite restorations were placed in extracted human molars with one margin on etched enamel and one below the cementoenamel junction. After finishing with disks, the teeth were divided into seven margin treatment groups: 1) restorations with no rebonding (control), 2) restoration margins rebonded with Universal Bond 3 primer, 3) restoration margins etched with 37% phosphoric acid and rebonded with Universal Bond 3 primer, 4) restoration margins rebonded with Universal Bond 3 adhesive, 5) restoration margins etched and rebonded with Universal Bond 3 adhesive, 6) restoration margins rebonded with Fortify, and 7) restoration margins etched and rebonded with Fortify. After storage in a chlorine-based disinfectant for 1 week, the restorations were thermocycled and then soaked in dye, After sectioning, microleakage was assessed by measuring the extent of dye penetration along the restoration-tooth interface, At the enamel margins there was no statistical difference in microleakage rebonded with or without etching. On the gingival margins there was a statistically significant reduction in microleakage for the nonetched Universal Bond 3 adhesive rebonded group compared to the nonrebonded control. C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Munro, GA (reprint author), DUNN DENT CLIN,DEPT GEN DENT,59TH MED WING,DSG,1615 TRUEMPER ST,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236, USA. NR 39 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV WASHINGTON PI SEATTLE PA SCHOOL DENTISTRY SM-57, SEATTLE, WA 98195 SN 0361-7734 J9 OPER DENT JI Oper. Dent. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 21 IS 5 BP 203 EP 208 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VE854 UT WOS:A1996VE85400006 PM 9484173 ER PT J AU Nellen, PM Bronnimann, R Sennhauser, U Askins, CG Putnam, MA AF Nellen, PM Bronnimann, R Sennhauser, U Askins, CG Putnam, MA TI Strain measurements on concrete beam and carbon fiber cable with distributed optical fiber Bragg grating sensors SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE civil engineering; strain measurements; fiber optic sensors; Bragg gratings AB We report on civil engineering applications of wavelength multiplexed optical fiber Bragg grating arrays directly produced on the draw tower for testing and surveying advanced structures and materials such as carbon fiber reinforced concrete elements and prestressing cables. We equipped a 6x0.9x0.5 m concrete beam, which was reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced epoxy laminates, and a 7-m long prestressing carbon fiber cable made of seven twisted strands, with optical fiber Bragg grating sensors, Static strains up to 8000 mu m/m and dynamic strains up to 1200 mu m/m were measured with a Michelson interferometer used as Fourier spectrometer with a resolution of about 10 mu m/m for all sensors. Comparative measurements with electrical resistance strain gauges were in good agreement with the fiber optic results. We installed the fiber sensors in two different arrangements: some Bragg grating array elements measured local strain while others were applied in an extensometric configuration to measure moderate strain over a base length of 0.1 to 1 m. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Nellen, PM (reprint author), EMPA,SWISS FED LABS MAT TESTING & RES,SECT ELECT METROL,UEBERLANDSTR 129,CH-8600 DUBENDORF,SWITZERLAND. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 35 IS 9 BP 2570 EP 2577 DI 10.1117/1.600864 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA VG764 UT WOS:A1996VG76400020 ER PT J AU Marrian, CRK Chang, S Peckerar, MC AF Marrian, CRK Chang, S Peckerar, MC TI Proximity correction for electron beam lithography SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE lithography; e-beams; proximity effects; dose modulation; regularized optimization; electron scattering ID MAXIMUM-ENTROPY SOLUTIONS; NEURAL NET ALGORITHM; ILL-POSED PROBLEMS; ERROR MEASURE; NETWORK AB As the critical dimensions required in mask making and direct write by electron beam lithography become ever smaller, correction for proximity effects becomes increasingly important. Furthermore, the problem is beset by the fact that only a positive energy dose can be applied with an electron beam. We discuss techniques such as chopping and dose shifting, which have been proposed to meet the positivity requirement. An alternative approach is to treat proximity correction as an optimization problem. Two such methods, local area dose correction and optimization using a regularizer proportional to the informational entropy of the solution, are compared. A notable feature of the regularized proximity correction is the ability to correct for forward scattering by the generation of a ''firewall'' set back from the edge of a feature. As the forward scattering width increases, the firewall is set back farther from the feature edge. The regularized optimization algorithm is computationally time consuming using conventional techniques. However, the algorithm lends itself to a microelectronics integrated circuit coprocessor implementation, which could perform the optimization faster than even the fastest work stations. Scaling the circuit to larger number of pixels is best approached with a hybrid serial/parallel digital architecture that would correct for proximity effects over 10(8) pixels in about 1 h. This time can be reduced by simply adding additional coprocessors. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 US DEPT DEF,WASHINGTON,DC 20305. USN,RES LAB,ELECT SCI & TECHNOL DIV,SURFACE & INTERFACE SCI BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Marrian, CRK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,ELECT SCI & TECHNOL DIV,NANOELECT PROC FACIL,CODE 6804,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 35 IS 9 BP 2685 EP 2692 DI 10.1117/1.600846 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA VG764 UT WOS:A1996VG76400033 ER PT J AU Erickson, LC Cocalis, MW George, L AF Erickson, LC Cocalis, MW George, L TI Partial anomalous left pulmonary artery: New evidence on the development of the pulmonary artery sling SO PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pulmonary artery sling; congenital heart disease; vascular anomalies; embryology AB Clinical and angiographic data of a child with a unique form of partial anomalous left pulmonary artery are reported. Because the anomalous pulmonary artery does not run posterior to the trachea, this malformation is not associated with airway obstruction, as are all other forms of anomalous left pulmonary artery described to date. This case strengthens our understanding of the development of the pulmonary artery sling. C1 MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,PEDIAT CARDIOL UNIT,BOSTON,MA 02114. USN,MED CTR,DIV PEDIAT CARDIOL,DEPT PEDIAT,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. USN,MED CTR,DIV PEDIAT CARDIOL,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. CHILDRENS HOSP & HLTH CTR,DIV CARDIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92120. NR 5 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0172-0643 J9 PEDIATR CARDIOL JI Pediatr. Cardiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 17 IS 5 BP 319 EP 321 DI 10.1007/s002469900070 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Pediatrics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Pediatrics GA UY755 UT WOS:A1996UY75500007 PM 8660448 ER PT J AU Czertak, D Hennrikus, W AF Czertak, D Hennrikus, W TI Treatment of low energy pediatric femur fractures with early 90-90 spica casting. SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP C24 EP C24 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500091 ER PT J AU Helmers, S Hennrikus, W AF Helmers, S Hennrikus, W TI Relationship between chronological age and skeletal age in SCFE. SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP C2 EP C2 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500069 ER PT J AU Loncarich, D Hennrikus, W AF Loncarich, D Hennrikus, W TI Surgical treatment of displaced lateral condyle fractures in children SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP C21 EP C21 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500088 ER PT J AU Mazurek, M Hennrikus, W AF Mazurek, M Hennrikus, W TI Treatment of pediatric septic hips using a mini anterior arthrotomy. SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP C9 EP C9 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500076 ER PT J AU Sanchez, A Hennrikus, W AF Sanchez, A Hennrikus, W TI Arthroscopically assisted treatment of acute septic knees in infants using the micro-joint arthroscope SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP C30 EP C30 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500097 ER PT J AU Watson, BT Hennrikus, W AF Watson, BT Hennrikus, W TI Postaxial type B polydactyly: Incidence and treatment. SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN HOSP,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP C32 EP C32 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500099 ER PT J AU Ferrer, FA McKenna, PH Bauer, B Miller, SF Torkilson, J AF Ferrer, FA McKenna, PH Bauer, B Miller, SF Torkilson, J TI Does chemotherapy affect compensatory renal hypertrophy after nephrectomy in the growing piglet model? SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CONNECTICUT CHILDRENS MED CTR,HARTFORD,CT. USN,MED CTR,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD SEP PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 SU S BP F44 EP F44 PG 2 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VG265 UT WOS:A1996VG26500185 ER PT J AU Snow, ES Campbell, PM AF Snow, ES Campbell, PM TI AFM fabrication of metal-oxide devices with in situ control of electrical properties SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on New Phenomena in Mesoscopic Structures (NPMS 95) CY DEC 04-08, 1995 CL MAUI, HI SP Japan Soc Promot Sci, 151st Comm Electr Propert Extreme Struct DE atomic force microscope; nanofabrication; anodic oxidation ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; TIP-INDUCED ANODIZATION AB Metal wires and metal-oxide-metal junctions were fabricated by anodic oxidation with a conducting atomic force microscope tip. The width of the wires and resistance of the junctions were controlled by real-time, in situ measurement of the device resistance during fabrication. Since the device properties of nanometer-scale structures are very sensitive to size variations, such measurements provide a more accurate method of controlling device properties than by controlling geometry alone. RP Snow, ES (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD SEP PY 1996 VL 227 IS 1-4 BP 279 EP 281 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(96)00420-6 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VR715 UT WOS:A1996VR71500073 ER PT J AU Campbell, PM Snow, ES McMarr, PJ AF Campbell, PM Snow, ES McMarr, PJ TI AFM-based fabrication of Si nanostructures SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on New Phenomena in Mesoscopic Structures (NPMS 95) CY DEC 04-08, 1995 CL MAUI, HI SP Japan Soc Promot Sci, 151st Comm Electr Propert Extreme Struct DE nanofabrication; silicon nanostructures; atomic force microscope; anodic oxidation ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPE; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SILICON AB We report the fabrication of nanometer-scale Si structures by using an atomic force microscope to write surface-oxide patterns by the local anodic oxidation of a H-passivated Si (100) surface. These oxide patterns were used as masks for selective etching of the silicon. Side-gated Si field effect transistors with critical features as small as 30 nm have been fabricated by this method. C1 SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Campbell, PM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD SEP PY 1996 VL 227 IS 1-4 BP 315 EP 317 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(96)00429-2 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VR715 UT WOS:A1996VR71500082 ER PT J AU Blackstead, HA Dow, JD Chrisey, DB Horwitz, JS Black, MA McGinn, PJ Klunzinger, AE Pulling, DB AF Blackstead, HA Dow, JD Chrisey, DB Horwitz, JS Black, MA McGinn, PJ Klunzinger, AE Pulling, DB TI Observation of superconductivity in PrBa2Cu3O7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PAIR-BREAKING; MICROWAVE-ABSORPTION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CHARGE-TRANSFER; WORK FUNCTION; PR; SYSTEMS; OXYGEN; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA AB Inhomogeneous superconductivity in PrBa2Cu3O7 at approximate to 92 K is observed in surface resistance measurements (at microwave frequencies) and in diamagnetism (Meissner effect) detected by ESR of trace amounts of Cu impurity spins. These observations are interpreted in terms of the oxygen model. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TEMPE,AZ 85287. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. RP Blackstead, HA (reprint author), UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556, USA. NR 54 TC 158 Z9 162 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 9 BP 6122 EP 6125 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.6122 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VG949 UT WOS:A1996VG94900031 ER PT J AU Harris, VG Kemner, KM Das, BN Koon, NC Ehrlich, AE Kirkland, JP Woicik, JC Crespo, P Hernando, A Escorial, AG AF Harris, VG Kemner, KM Das, BN Koon, NC Ehrlich, AE Kirkland, JP Woicik, JC Crespo, P Hernando, A Escorial, AG TI Near-neighbor mixing and bond dilation in mechanically alloyed Cu-Fe SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SOLID-STATE AMORPHIZATION; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; IMMISCIBLE ELEMENTS; SYSTEM; ORDER; HEAT; BCC AB Extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements were used to obtain element-specific, structural, and chemical information of the local environments around Cu and Fe atoms in high-energy ball-milled CuxFe1-x samples (x=0.50 and 0.70). Analysis of the EXAFS data shows both Fe and Cu atoms reside in face-centered-cubic sites where the first coordination sphere consists of a mixture of Fe and Cu atoms in a ratio which reflects the as-prepared stoichiometry. The measured bond distances indicate a dilation in the bonds between unlike neighbors which accounts for the lattice expansion measured by x-ray diffraction. These results indicate that metastable alloys having a positive heat of mixing can be prepared via the high-energy ball-milling process. C1 SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. INST MAGNETISMO APLICADO,MADRID 28230,SPAIN. CSIC,CTR NACL INVEST MET,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. RP Harris, VG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009; Hernando, Antonio/E-2105-2015; OI GARCIA-ESCORIAL, Asuncion/0000-0002-7127-5816 NR 56 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD SEP 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 10 BP 6929 EP 6940 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.6929 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VH082 UT WOS:A1996VH08200031 ER PT J AU Luscombe, JH Luban, M AF Luscombe, JH Luban, M TI Nonequilibrium structure factor for conserved spin dynamics: Abrupt temperature increase SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID KINETIC ISING-MODEL; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; DISORDERING KINETICS; PHASE-SEPARATION; GROWTH-KINETICS; ONE DIMENSION; SYSTEMS; DECOMPOSITION; DIFFUSION AB We consider the nonequilibrium, elastic-scattering structure factor S(q,t) (q denotes the wave vector, t the time), for the Kawasaki spin-conserving kinetic Ising model of a one-dimensional system with nearest neighbor interactions, initially in equilibrium at temperature T-I, that is suddenly placed in contact with a heat hath at temperature T-F, with T-F much greater than T-I. We present detailed results for the case of T-F = infinity, for which we have succeeded in calculating the exact form of S(q,t). For finite T-F, we present an approximation scheme far the higher-order nonequilibrium correlation functions that leads to closure of the hierarchy of equations of motion. The merits of this approximation are that (i) S(q,t) is guaranteed to satisfy an exact sum rule over the Brillouin zone (BZ) of wave vectors q, and (ii) S(q,t) evolves to the correct value in the long-time limit. For antiferromagnetic coupling, the structure factor, initially dominated by the Bragg peak associated with T-I at the edge of the BZ, decays exponentially with time, e(-t/tau q) while approximately preserving its shape in q space, since the lifetime tau(q) is nearly independent of q. Except near the center of the BZ, after the Bragg peak has decayed sufficiently, the dependence of S(q,t) on q can be characterized as though the spins rapidly quasiequilibrate to the equilibrium structure factor associated with T-F, chi(q,T-F), in that S(q,t)/chi(q,T-F) is independent of q, but is time dependent, slowly approaching unity as t(-1/2) for large t. For q approximate to 0 the initial form. of S remains in effect until the value of t is of order q(-2). For ferromagnetic coupling, the initial Bragg peak for q approximate to 0 does not preserve its shape while decaying exponentially since the lifetime tau(q) strongly depends on the wave-vector q, diverging as q(-2) for q --> 0, and, in particular, It is as though the spins for q approximate to 0 remain ''frozen'' at T-I. Analogous to the behavior for antiferromagnetic interactions, away from the center of the BZ, we find that S(q,t)/chi/(q,T-F) is independent of q and is a function of t/t(w), very slowly approaching unity. The characteristic ''waiting time'' t(w) is anomalously long, proportional to xi(2), where xi is the equilibrium correlation length at temperature T-t. This behavior of t(w) can be related to the random walk of domain boundaries. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT PHYS, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 1996 VL 54 IS 3 BP 2266 EP 2290 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.2266 PG 25 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VK265 UT WOS:A1996VK26500021 ER PT J AU Bulsara, AR Zador, A AF Bulsara, AR Zador, A TI Threshold detection of wideband signals: A noise-induced maximum in the mutual information SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC RESONANCE; SYSTEMS AB In some nonlinear dynamic systems, the addition of noise to a weak periodic signal can increase the detectability of the signal, a phenomenon belonging to a class of noise-induced cooperative behavior known as stochastic resonance (SR). There has been much recent speculation on the possible role of SR in signal processing by sensory neurons. However, most results have focused exclusively on increasing the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of time-periodic signals, even though many real-world signals (e.g., those encountered in some neurophysiological and communications applications) are not of this form. Here we consider a generalization of SR, based on the Shannon mutual information between the transmitted and received signal. This generalization can be applied to cases (e.g., the information transmitted by the output spike train of an integrate-fire model neuron which we consider here), involving aperiodic input signals for which the output SNR might be ill-defined, uninformative, or irrelevant. Since the SR-like effect in the transmitted information disappears with the optimal choice of model parameters, we suggest that such an effect is likely to be particularly relevant to systems, e.g., neuronal populations, in which natural circuit constraints may render parameter optimization impractical. C1 SALK INST BIOL STUDIES, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. RP Bulsara, AR (reprint author), USN COMMAND, CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR, RDT&E DIV, CODE 364, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. NR 24 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD SEP PY 1996 VL 54 IS 3 BP R2185 EP R2188 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VK265 UT WOS:A1996VK26500002 ER PT J AU Namenson, A Antonsen, TM Ott, E AF Namenson, A Antonsen, TM Ott, E TI Power law wave number spectra of fractal particle distributions advected by flowing fluids SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID STRANGE ATTRACTORS; RANDOM MAPS; SCALAR GRADIENTS; CHAOTIC DYNAMICS; DIMENSIONS; SURFACE; DISPERSION; TURBULENCE; TRANSITION; SYSTEMS AB Recently, it has been shown that an initial cloud of particles advected by a fluid may, under common circumstances (e.g., when the particles float on the fluid surface), eventually becomes distributed on a fractal set in space. This paper considers the characterization of such fractal spatial patterns by wave number spectra. If a scaling range exists in which the spectrum has an observable power law dependence, k(-rho), then the exponent rho is given by rho=D-2+1-M, where D-2 is the correlation dimension of the fractal attractor and M is the dimension of the relevant space. We find that observability of the power law may be obscured by fluctuations in the k-spectrum, but that averaging can be employed to compensate for this. Theoretical results and supporting numerical computations utilizing a random map are presented. In the companion paper by Sommerer [Phys. Fluids 8, 2441 (1996)], an experimental example utilizing particles floating on the surface of a flowing fluid is given. (More generally we note that our result for the k-spectrum power law exponent rho should apply to fractal patterns in other physical contexts.) (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT ELECT ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Namenson, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI O, E/F-1630-2015; Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD SEP PY 1996 VL 8 IS 9 BP 2426 EP 2434 DI 10.1063/1.869026 PG 9 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA VE519 UT WOS:A1996VE51900019 ER PT J AU Feldman, U AF Feldman, U TI Properties of thermal flare plasmas (3x10(6)-3x10(7) K): Observational results SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Review ID X-RAY-SPECTRA; BRAGG CRYSTAL SPECTROMETER; SOLAR-MAXIMUM-MISSION; ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES; IONIZATION EQUILIBRIUM; ELECTRON-DENSITY; EMISSION MEASURE; FE-XXV; CA-XIX; YOHKOH AB One of the most violent while best observed phenomena occurring in the solar upper atmosphere is flare emission in the 3 x 10(6) to 3 x 10(7) K temperature range. This emission, commonly called thermal flare emission, can vary in intensity by more than five orders of magnitude, and exhibits regular and predictable properties. A wealth of observational data regarding thermal solar flares has been collected. Through these data the morphological properties of thermal flares have been determined. Plasma properties such as electron temperatures, electron densities, mass motions, and variations in elemental abundances during the course of the flare are well established, Observational data have also been used to determine relationships between peak fluxes and maximum flare temperatures as well as general properties of the light curve of flares. RP USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 87 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1996 VL 3 IS 9 BP 3203 EP 3241 DI 10.1063/1.871605 PG 39 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VF937 UT WOS:A1996VF93700002 ER PT J AU Oliver, BV Ottinger, PF Rose, DV AF Oliver, BV Ottinger, PF Rose, DV TI Evolution of a Maxwellian plasma driven by ion-beam-induced ionization of a gas SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON-BEAM; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; LOW-PRESSURE GASES; CURRENT NEUTRALIZATION; TRANSPORT; PROPAGATION; ARGON; HYDROGEN AB The ionization of gas by intense (MeV, kA/cm(2)) ion beams is investigated for the purpose of obtaining scaling relations for the rate of rise of the electron density, temperature, and conductivity of the resulting plasma. Various gases including He, N, and Ar at pressures of order 1 torr have been studied. The model is local and assumes a drifting Maxwellian electron distribution. In the limit that the beam to gas density ratio is small, the initial stage of ionization occurs on the beam impact ionization time and lasts on the order of a few nanoseconds. Thereafter, ionization of neutrals by the thermal electrons dominates electron production. The electron density does not grow exponentially, but proceeds linearly on a fast time scale t(th)=U/(upsilon(b) rho dE/dx) associated with the time taken for the beam to lose energy U via collisional stopping in the gas, where U is the ionization potential of the gas, upsilon(b) is the beam velocity, rho is the gas mass density, and dE/dx is the mass stopping power in units of eV cm(2)/g. This results in a temperature with a slow time dependence and a conductivity with a linear rise time proportional to t(th). (C) 1996 American Istitute of Physics. C1 JAYCOR,VIENNA,VA 22102. RP Oliver, BV (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1996 VL 3 IS 9 BP 3267 EP 3278 DI 10.1063/1.871609 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VF937 UT WOS:A1996VF93700006 ER PT J AU Guzdar, PN Liu, CS Lehmberg, RH AF Guzdar, PN Liu, CS Lehmberg, RH TI Stimulated Brillouin scattering in the strong coupling regime SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; EVOLUTION AB Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has been reexamined in the strong coupling Limit. The three-wave interaction in the strong coupling regime, which gives rise to a purely growing mode for wave numbers k>2k(0), where k(0) is the wave vector of the pump wave, has been studied. This regime was first found by Cohen and Max [Phys. Fluids 22, 1121 (1979)]. In this regime, for a flowing plasma, a significant portion of the unstable spectrum is found to be blueshifted even for the Mach number equal to unity. For the inhomogeneous case, the convective gain in the strong coupling limit turns out to be identical to the gain in the SBS in the weak coupling limit regime. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,LASER PLASMA BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Guzdar, PN (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,PLASMA RES LAB,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1996 VL 3 IS 9 BP 3414 EP 3419 DI 10.1063/1.871618 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VF937 UT WOS:A1996VF93700025 ER PT J AU Aglitskiy, Y Lehecka, T Deniz, A Hardgrove, J Seely, J Brown, C Feldman, U Pawley, C Gerber, K Bodner, S Obenschain, S Lehmberg, R McLean, E Pronko, M Sethian, J Stamper, J Schmitt, A Sullivan, C Holland, G Laming, M AF Aglitskiy, Y Lehecka, T Deniz, A Hardgrove, J Seely, J Brown, C Feldman, U Pawley, C Gerber, K Bodner, S Obenschain, S Lehmberg, R McLean, E Pronko, M Sethian, J Stamper, J Schmitt, A Sullivan, C Holland, G Laming, M TI X-ray emission from plasmas created by smoothed KrF laser irradiation SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; INCOHERENCE AB The x-ray emission from plasmas created by the Naval Research Laboratory Nike KrF laser [Phys. Plasmas 3, 2098 (1996)] was characterized using imaging and spectroscopic instruments. The laser wavelength was 1/4 mu m, and the beams were smoothed by induced spatial incoherence (ISI). The targets were thin foils of CH, aluminum, titanium, and cobalt and were irradiated by laser energies in the range 100-1500 J. A multilayer mirror microscope operating at an energy of 95 eV recorded images of the plasma with a spatial resolution of 2 mu m. The variation of the 95 eV emission across the 800 mu m focal spot was 1.3% rms. Using a curved crystal imager operating in the 1-2 keV x-ray region, the density, temperature, and opacity of aluminum plasmas were determined with a spatial resolution of 10 mu m perpendicular to the target surface. The spectral Line ratios indicated that the aluminum plasmas were relatively dense, cool, and optically thick near the target surface. The absolute radiation flux was determined at 95 eV and in x-ray bandpasses covering the 1-8 keV region. The electron temperature inferred from the slope of the x-ray flux versus energy data in the 5-8 keV region was 900 eV for an incident laser energy of 200 J and an intensity of approximate to 10(13) W/cm(2). C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV SPACE SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Aglitskiy, Y (reprint author), SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102, USA. NR 13 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD SEP PY 1996 VL 3 IS 9 BP 3438 EP 3447 DI 10.1063/1.871496 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VF937 UT WOS:A1996VF93700028 ER PT J AU Moore, MH Ferrante, RF Nuth, JA AF Moore, MH Ferrante, RF Nuth, JA TI Infrared spectra of proton irradiated ices containing methanol SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTS RELEVANT; ASTROPHYSICAL ICES; SILICATE SMOKES; COMET HALLEY; WATER ICE; PHYSICS AB A set of experimental results on the spectral identification of new species synthesized in irradiated CH3OH and H2O+CH3OH ices is reported. Mass spectroscopy of volatile species released during slow warming gives supporting information on identifications. H2CO is the dominant volatile species identified in the irradiated ices; CH4, CO and CO2 are also formed. During warming the ice evolves into a residual film near 200 K whose features are similar to those of ethylene glycol along with a C=O bonded molecular group. Irradiation simulates expected cosmic ray processing of ices in comets stored in the Oort cloud region for 4.6 billion years. Results support the idea that a comet originally containing an H2O+CH3OH ice component has a decreasing concentration of CH3OH towards its outer, most heavily irradiated layers (if independent of all other sources and sinks). The CH4/CO and CO/CO2 ratios are calculated as a function of irradiation; after 22 eV per molecule, CH4/CO = 1.96 and CO/CO2 = 1.45 in an H2O+CH3OH ice mixture. Infrared spectra of CH3OH at T < 20 K on amorphous silicate smokes show a predominantly crystalline phase ice. Irradiation of the ice/silicate composite is compared with irradiated CH3OH on aluminum substrates. Implication for cometary type ices are discussed. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd C1 USN ACAD, DEPT CHEM, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21402 USA. RP Moore, MH (reprint author), NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, ASTROCHEM BRANCH, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RI Nuth, Joseph/E-7085-2012 NR 35 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 9 BP 927 EP 935 DI 10.1016/0032-0633(95)00120-4 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VU306 UT WOS:A1996VU30600005 ER PT J AU Brody, RI AF Brody, RI TI Intelligence intervention in the politics of democratic states - BarJoseph,U SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP Brody, RI (reprint author), USN,CTR INTELLIGENCE,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 111 IS 3 BP 533 EP 534 DI 10.2307/2151977 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA VN084 UT WOS:A1996VN08400013 ER PT J AU VanDeMark, B AF VanDeMark, B TI Pay any price: Lyndon Johnson and the wars for Vietnam - Gardner,LC SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review RP VanDeMark, B (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 111 IS 3 BP 536 EP 537 DI 10.2307/2151980 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA VN084 UT WOS:A1996VN08400016 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GC Strifors, HC AF Gaunaurd, GC Strifors, HC TI Signal analysis by means of time-frequency (Wigner-type) distributions - Applications to sonar and radar echoes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article ID SUBMERGED SPHERICAL-SHELLS; ELASTIC SHELLS; SCATTERING; REPRESENTATION; TOOL; KERNELS; DOMAIN; PULSE AB Time series data have been traditionally analyzed in either the time or the frequency domains. For signals with a time-varying frequency content, the combined time-frequency (TF) representations, based on the Cohen class of (generalized) Wigner distributions (WD's) offer a powerful analysis tool. Using them, it is possible to: I) trace the time-evolution of the resonance features usually present in a standard sonar cross section (SCS), or in a radar cross section (RCS) and 2) extract target information that may be difficult to evert notice in art ordinary SCS or RCS. After a brief review of the fundamental properties of the WD, we discuss ways to reduce or suppress the cross term interference that appears in the WD of multicomponent systems. These points are illustrated with a variety of three-dimensional (3-D) plots of Wigner and pseudo-Wigner distributions (PWD), in which the strength of the distribution is depicted as the height of a ''Wigner surface'' with height scales measured by various color shades or pseudocolors. The plots are all obtained from an extensive analysis we have made over the years of the resonance acoustic echoes backscattered by a variety of elastic shells submerged in water, when they are excited by various types of incident pressure waves, including the short pulses generated by explosive charges. The Wigner surfaces and their two-dimensional (2-D) projections on the TF plane show that various types of shells with various fillers can be easily distinguished from each other, and from nontargets such as rocks of about the same size. We will also review studies we have made of the echoes returned by conducting or dielectric targets in the atmosphere, when they are illuminated by broadband radar pings. These short incident pulses are used to analytically model the performance of ultrawide band (UWB) radars, often called impulse radars. A TF domain analysis of these impulse radar returns demonstrates their superior informative content. These plots allow the identification of targets in an easier and clearer fashion than by the conventional RCS of narrowband systems. We show computed and measured plots of WD and PWD of various types of aircraft to illustrate the classification advantages of the approach at arty aspect angle. We also show analogous results for metallic objects buried underground, in dielectric media, at various depths. All these results could be later imputed to neural networks for immediate, remote in situ automatic target recognition. C1 NATL DEF RES ESTAB,FOA6,S-17290 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. RP Gaunaurd, GC (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 59 TC 54 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD SEP PY 1996 VL 84 IS 9 BP 1231 EP 1248 DI 10.1109/5.535243 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VF276 UT WOS:A1996VF27600005 ER PT J AU Dragonette, LR Drumheller, DM Gaumond, CF Hughes, DH OConnor, BT Yen, NC Yoder, TJ AF Dragonette, LR Drumheller, DM Gaumond, CF Hughes, DH OConnor, BT Yen, NC Yoder, TJ TI The application of two-dimensional signal transformations to the analysis and synthesis of structural excitations observed in acoustical scattering SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article ID WIGNER DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; THIN SPHERICAL-SHELLS; TONE BURSTS; LAMB WAVE; FREQUENCY REPRESENTATION; BACKSCATTERING; TIME; ENHANCEMENT; DISPERSION; RESONANCE AB Acoustic scattering from air-filed elastic shells submerged in water is an important problem in applied science. The excitations of interest yield a set of physically distinct components to the impulse response of a shell. The components form a natural basis for all signals which can be observed in acoustical scattering experiments from the shell via temporal convolution with some chosen input signal. The Fourier transform (FT) of the impulse response of a shell yields its transfer function, which is also called the form function. we study two types of shells in this paper: a spherical shell, and a finite, ribbed cylindrical shell with endcaps. Utilizing several different two-dimensional (2-D) signal transformations, we can decompose the response of the shells. The resulting 2-D images allow for a striking visual decomposition of the responses into their distinct components. In the case of the spherical shell, a virtually exact theory exists that allows for analytic synthesis of the shell response into its components. However, for the more complex cylindrical shell, the theory for the direct scattering problem is not nearly so mature. Yet, we can still decompose experimentally-obtained shell responses into their distinct components via signal synthesis techniques applied to the 2-D transforms. RP Dragonette, LR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ACOUST,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 41 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD SEP PY 1996 VL 84 IS 9 BP 1249 EP 1263 DI 10.1109/5.535244 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VF276 UT WOS:A1996VF27600006 ER PT J AU Adkins, JD Mera, AE RoeShort, MA Pawlikowski, GT Brady, RF AF Adkins, JD Mera, AE RoeShort, MA Pawlikowski, GT Brady, RF TI Novel non-toxic coatings designed to resist marine fouling SO PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference in Organic Coatings Science and Technology CY JUL 10-14, 1995 CL ATHENS, GREECE DE antifouling coatings; comb polymers; hydrocarbon; marine coatings; poly(butadiene); poly(dimethylsiloxane); poly(ethylene); silicone; urethane AB Coatings designed for applications as non-toxic non-fouling coatings have been prepared. Conventional coatings used in this application suffer from lack of adhesion to the substrate and lack of mechanical strength. Both of these detriments were overcome in this work by using a two-coat system: a basecoat which provides adhesion to the substrate, mechanical strength, and reactivity with the topcoat, and a topcoat which provides a non-toxic antiadhesive surface to discourage attachment of marine organisms. Five examples of such two-coat systems are described, in which the basecoat is a polybutadiene or urethane, and the topcoat is a silicone or hydrocarbon. C1 SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP Adkins, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0300-9440 J9 PROG ORG COAT JI Prog. Org. Coat. PD SEP-DEC PY 1996 VL 29 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/S0300-9440(96)00646-7 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA WG128 UT WOS:A1996WG12800001 ER PT J AU Choi, IS Roland, CM AF Choi, IS Roland, CM TI Intrinsic defects and the failure properties of cis-1,4-polyisoprenes SO RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-RUBBER; CRYSTALLIZATION; POLYISOPRENE AB Inherent flaw sizes were determined from fatigue lifetimes, and from the crack length dependence of the strain energy to break, for four cis-1,4-polyisoprenes compounded to have the same crosslink density and low strain hysteresis. Both techniques indicated that the flaws intrinsic to guayule rubber (GR), and to a lesser extent conventional natural rubber, are larger than those found in deproteinized NR. This result may not be surprising; however, the failure properties of the elastomers, expected to depend on flaw size, were surprising. The guayule rubber and a natural rubber of relatively low purity (SMR-10) had the highest tensile strengths, tear strengths, breaking energies, and fatigue lifetimes, while DPNR exhibited the worst failure properties. Such an inverse correlation between flaw size and failure performance is due to the dominant effect of strain-induced crystallization. GR and SMR-10 have the highest propensity for strain-induced crystallization, while DPNR is the least strain-crystallizable. Interestingly, all rubbers exhibited the same isotropic crystallization behavior. RP Choi, IS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6120,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 46 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC INC PI AKRON PA RUBBER DIV UNIV AKRON PO BOX 499, AKRON, OH 44309-0499 SN 0035-9475 J9 RUBBER CHEM TECHNOL JI Rubber Chem. Technol. PD SEP-OCT PY 1996 VL 69 IS 4 BP 591 EP 599 DI 10.5254/1.3538386 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VY532 UT WOS:A1996VY53200002 ER PT J AU Lott, DF Poeckert, RH AF Lott, DF Poeckert, RH TI Extending cooperative research SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 ESQUIMALT DEF RES DETACHMENT,VICTORIA,BC,CANADA. RP Lott, DF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 37 IS 9 BP 56 EP 61 PG 6 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VH646 UT WOS:A1996VH64600009 ER PT J AU Collins, GE AF Collins, GE TI Gas-phase chemical sensing using electrochemiluminescence SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Chemical Sensor Science and Technology, at the 6th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors Steering Committee CY JUL 22-25, 1996 CL GAITHERSBURG, MD DE chemiluminescence; tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III); hydrazine; ammonia ID NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; CHEMILUMINESCENT AB Tris (2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium (III) (Ru(bpy)(3)(3+)), an electrogenerable, chemiluminescent reagent which is electrochemically reversible, has been demonstrated to be a suitable reagent for the sensitive detection of gas-phase hydrazine, and its derivatives dimethyl hydrazine and monomethyl hydrazine. The electrochemical oxidation of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) to Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) creates a strong oxidizer, whose reduction back down to Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) by reaction with a reducing analyte is typified by the emission of a photon of light centered at 610 nm. A portable and semiportable instrument which rely upon the chemiluminescent reactivity and reversibility of the Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) reagent have been designed and tested. Detection limits for hydrazine and its derivatives have been obtained in the low ppb regime, while response times are on the order of seconds to several minutes, depending upon the analyte being examined. The sensitivities of these devices are strongly pH-dependent due to the effect pH has on both the lifetime of the Ru(bpy)(3)(3+) reagent, as well as on the reactivity of the hydrazine derivatives. RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6116,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1-3 BP 202 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(97)80055-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WB681 UT WOS:A1996WB68100035 ER PT J AU TINSLEY, MB AF TINSLEY, MB TI 'HOLIDAY' SO SHENANDOAH LA English DT Fiction, Creative Prose RP TINSLEY, MB (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WASHINGTON LEE UNIV PI LEXINGTON PA SHENANDOAH PO BOX 722, LEXINGTON, VA 24450 SN 0037-3583 J9 SHENANDOAH JI Shenandoah PD FAL PY 1996 VL 46 IS 3 BP 22 EP 33 PG 12 WC Literary Reviews SC Literature GA VH844 UT WOS:A1996VH84400007 ER PT J AU Jones, DA Kemister, G Oran, ES Sichel, M AF Jones, DA Kemister, G Oran, ES Sichel, M TI The influence of cellular structure on detonation transmission SO SHOCK WAVES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems CY JUL 30-AUG 04, 1995 CL UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO HO UNIV COLORADO DE cellular structure; reignition; detonation; numerical simulation ID NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS AB We present two-dimensional numerical simulations of the transmission of detonation from a rectangular channel into a larger volume. The simulations solve the Euler equations on a Cartesian grid using the method of Flux-Corrected Transport for the fluid equations and a two-step induction parameter model for the chemistry. We simulate detonation in a H-2/O-2/Ar mixture and use sufficient grid resolution to resolve the cellular structure of the detonation. When a planar detonation front without a resolved cellular structure expands into the larger volume, the reaction front separates from the shock front and the detonation fails. When the planar front is perturbed to induce a quasi-regular cellular structure in the detonation, it again initially begins to fail, but now the presence of the transverse waves leads to reignition of the detonation in the larger volume. The form of this reignition shows striking similarities to the reignition of detonation which has been seen experimentally in H-2/O-2 mixtures. We describe this reignition mechanism in detail, and also investigate the dependence of the reignition on the number of cells in the detonation front. C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT AEROSP ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Jones, DA (reprint author), DSTO,AERONAUT & MARITIME RES LAB,POB 4331,MELBOURNE,VIC 3001,AUSTRALIA. NR 17 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0938-1287 J9 SHOCK WAVES JI Shock Waves PD SEP PY 1996 VL 6 IS 3 BP 119 EP 129 PG 11 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA VH647 UT WOS:A1996VH64700001 ER PT J AU Euske, KJ Player, RS AF Euske, KJ Player, RS TI Leveraging management improvement techniques SO SLOAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article AB How to understand the various techniques for improving organization, identify the relationships among them, and merge them so that they become complementary rather than competitive. C1 ARTHUR ANDERSEN & CO,COST MANAGEMENT SERV,CHICAGO,IL 60602. RP Euske, KJ (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU MASS INST TECHNOL PI CAMBRIDGE PA SLOAN SCH MANAGE, 50 MEMORIAL DR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 SN 0019-848X J9 SLOAN MANAGE REV JI Sloan Manage. Rev. PD FAL PY 1996 VL 38 IS 1 BP 69 EP & PG 12 WC Business; Management SC Business & Economics GA VM712 UT WOS:A1996VM71200014 ER PT J AU Peckerar, M AF Peckerar, M TI South Korea: A new tiger faces new technology issues SO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USN,RES LAB,SURFACE & INTERFACE SCI BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Peckerar, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DOD ADV LITHOG PROGRAM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO SOLID STATE TECHNOLOGY OFFICE PI NASHUA PA TEN TARA BLVD 5TH FLOOR, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0038-111X J9 SOLID STATE TECHNOL JI Solid State Technol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 39 IS 9 BP 76 EP & PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA VE361 UT WOS:A1996VE36100021 ER PT J AU Gilmore, CM Sprague, JA AF Gilmore, CM Sprague, JA TI Interface mixing of energetic metals deposited onto metals SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams (SMMIB 95) CY SEP 04-08, 1995 CL SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN SP INASMET DE interface mixing; heat of solution; molecular dynamics simulation; embedded atom method ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; THIN-FILMS; AG AB Experimental studies of ion beam mixing have indicated that the extent of mixing is sensitive to the heat of mixing of the two atom types. Analytical studies of this phenomenon have utilized an initial short time random ballistic mixing combined with a longer time diffusional process that is a function of the heat of mixing. We have utilized molecular dynamics simulation with potentials of the embedded atom method to study low energy (0.1 to 40 eV per atom) deposition of metals onto metal substrates. We have observed that even the short term ballistic mixing process is sensitive to the heat of solution. For example, Pt and Au have similar masses as do Ni and Cu, and the heat of solution for the potentials we utilized are -0.54 eV per Pt atom into Cu and +0.30 eV per Au atom into Ni. For 1 monolayer (200 atoms) of Pt deposited onto Cu with 10 eV kinetic energy per Pt atom, we observed that 85 of the Pt atoms mixed into the Cu substrate during a simulation of 200 hs. Under the same conditions 28 Au atoms mixed into the Ni substrate. Detailed study of individual mixing events shows that most of the mixing occurs during the ballistic part of the deposition process. We report on the deposition as a function of incident atom energy, substrate temperature, heat of solution of the atom pairs, and relative mass of the pairs. We discuss the relationship of these results to theoretical analysis of energetic atom mixing at very low energies. C1 USN,RES LAB,SURFACE MODIFICAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Gilmore, CM (reprint author), GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,INST MAT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20052, USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 146 EP 150 DI 10.1016/0257-8972(95)02829-3 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VE213 UT WOS:A1996VE21300028 ER PT J AU Sartwell, BD Natishan, PN Donovan, EP Bunker, SN Armini, AJ AF Sartwell, BD Natishan, PN Donovan, EP Bunker, SN Armini, AJ TI Composition and corrosion properties of reactive-oxygen tantalum- and niobium-implanted 52100 steel and aluminum SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams (SMMIB 95) CY SEP 04-08, 1995 CL SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN SP INASMET DE ion implantation; aqueous corrosion; oxidation ID ION-IMPLANTATION; SURFACES; BEHAVIOR; METALS; BEAM AB Polished substrates of 52100 steel were implanted with 150 keV Ta+ or Nb+ to a dose of 2 x 10(17) ions cm(-2) with the target chamber at best vacuum (approximately 5 x 10(-7) Torr) or with the chamber backfilled with oxygen to pressures of 1, 5, or 10 x 10(-5) Torr. Polished substrates of aluminum were implanted with 150 keV Ta+ or Al+ to a dose of 8 x 10(16) ions cm(-2) with the target chamber at best vacuum or with the chamber backfilled with oxygen to a pressure of 5 x 10(-5) Torr. Retained dose and composition profiles were obtained using Rutherford backscattering and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). It was determined that the retained dose of Ta in the 52100 steel could be increased by as much as a factor of three and the retained dose of Nb increased by a factor of 1.5 through introduction of the oxygen into the chamber. At the higher oxygen pressures, a mixed FeX oxide (where X is either Ta or Nb) layer is formed on the surface. The higher retained doses are considered to be the result of a decrease in the sputtering yield due to an increase in the surface binding energy. Based on the AES depth profiles, it was further determined that the oxide layers grew outward from the original surface rather than through in-diffusion of oxygen. For the aluminum substrates, no evidence of oxidation was observed. Anodic polarization curves were obtained for the implanted samples immersed in an argon-deaerated 0.1 M NaCl solution. A reduction in the corrosion current was observed for the 52100 steel samples implanted in the oxygen backfill compared with those implanted in best vacuum. A significant improvement in the resistance to pitting corrosion was observed for the aluminum samples implanted in the oxygen backfill compared with those implanted in best vacuum. C1 USN,RES LAB,ENVIRONM EFFECTS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. USN,RES LAB,SURFACE MODIFICAT BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. IMPLANT SCI CORP,WAKEFIELD,MA 01880. RP Sartwell, BD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,SURFACE CHEM BRANCH,CODE 6170,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 83 IS 1-3 BP 183 EP 188 DI 10.1016/0257-8972(95)02842-0 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VE213 UT WOS:A1996VE21300034 ER PT J AU Casleton, BG Salata, KF Strickman, D Chan, TC Kelly, DJ AF Casleton, BG Salata, KF Strickman, D Chan, TC Kelly, DJ TI Persistence of Orientia tsutsugamushi in stored packed red blood cells. SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC BLOOD BANKS PI BETHESDA PA 8101 GLENBROOK RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2749 SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD SEP PY 1996 VL 36 IS 9 SU S BP S224 EP S224 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA VK089 UT WOS:A1996VK08900224 ER PT J AU Jiang, Y Homer, LD Thalmann, ED AF Jiang, Y Homer, LD Thalmann, ED TI Development and interactions of two inert gas bubbles during decompression SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE decompression; bubble evolution; bubble interactions ID SICKNESS; TIME AB A mathematical model has been developed to simulate the evolution of two inert gas bubbles in tissue. This is useful for understanding the dynamics of bubbles that presumably arise during decompression. It is assumed that they are spherical and that the tissue volume surrounding them is infinite. The total pressure in each bubble is determined by the barometric and metabolic gas pressures as well as the pressure due to surface tension. Bipolar coordinates are employed to determine the inert gas pressure distribution. Two coupled governing equations for bubble radii are then derived and solved numerically. The results demonstrate how bubble evolution is affected by the distance between bubbles and the initial bubble radii. The existence time and bubble surface flux of two equal-sized bubbles are calculated and compared with those of a single gas bubble model. The results indicate that when two bubbles are very close, it takes 20% more time for two bubbles to dissolve than for a single one, and the total surface flux of two bubbles is nearly 20% less than twice of a single bubble. When the center-to-center distance is 10 times of bubble radius, the effect of bubble interaction on bubble existence time and surface nux are about 6 and 9% changes, respectively. We conclude that if bubbles are not too small, the interactions among bubbles should be included in inert gas bubble models predicting bubble evolution. RP Jiang, Y (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,NATL NAVAL MED CTR,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC PI KENSINGTON PA 10531 METROPOLITAN AVE, KENSINGTON, MD 20895 SN 1066-2936 J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M JI Undersea Hyperb. Med. PD SEP PY 1996 VL 23 IS 3 BP 131 EP 140 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VR925 UT WOS:A1996VR92500003 PM 8931280 ER PT J AU DeVries, CR Miller, AK Packer, MG AF DeVries, CR Miller, AK Packer, MG TI Reduction of paraphimosis with hyaluronidase SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article AB The use of hyaluronidase facilitates reduction of paraphimosis. it acts by dispersing extracellular edema, permitting easy reduction of the foreskin. Its use is applicable both in the hospital and outpatient setting. Hyaluronidase is widely available and keeps well if refrigerated. It is effective for children and adults. C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CHILDRENS HOSP & HLTH CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. RP DeVries, CR (reprint author), MED COLL GEORGIA,BA8408,AUGUSTA,GA 30912, USA. NR 5 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI UROLOGY PD SEP PY 1996 VL 48 IS 3 BP 464 EP 465 DI 10.1016/S0090-4295(96)00198-7 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VG986 UT WOS:A1996VG98600023 PM 8804504 ER PT J AU Warren, WL Kanicki, J Poindexter, EH AF Warren, WL Kanicki, J Poindexter, EH TI Paramagnetic point defects in silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride thin films on silicon SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT VII International Symposium on Magnetic Resonance in Colloid and Interface Science (ISMRCIS VII) CY SEP 11-15, 1996 CL MADRID, SPAIN DE paramagnetic point defects; silicon; silicon nitride thin film; silicon oxynitride thin film ID DANGLING-BOND CENTERS; HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION; DIOXIDE; STATES AB Silicon nitride and silicon oxynitride thin films on silicon often contain paramagnetic point defects. In the nitride, major defects are the K-0 center (Si-.=N-3) and the N-2(0) center (N-.=Si-2), with possibly an NN20 center (Si-N-.-N=Si-2). In the dark, the K center normally exists as nonparamagnetic K- and K+. It may be (temporarily) put into the K-0 state by UV excitation. The behavior of K-0 is consistent with a model in which the two-electron state is more stable than the single-electron state; other explanations are possible. A change in composition from Si-rich to N-rich SixNy reduces [K-0] and, due to the wider bandgap, allows the singly-occupied N-2(0) state to emerge from the valence band E(s)' (Si-.=O-3) and E(gamma)' (O-3=Si+...Si-.=O-3); and a tentatively-assigned nitroxide-like N-x center. Since most oxynitride defects contain either N or O, but not both, a multiphase material is suggested. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. USN, RES LAB, FT MONMOUTH, NJ 07703 USA. RI Kanicki, Jerzy/E-2753-2016 OI Kanicki, Jerzy/0000-0002-3649-8360 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD AUG 30 PY 1996 VL 115 BP 311 EP 317 DI 10.1016/0927-7757(96)03595-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA VG193 UT WOS:A1996VG19300037 ER PT J AU Hull, AJ AF Hull, AJ TI An inverse method to measure the axial modulus of composite materials under tension SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX MODULUS AB In this paper, an inverse method is developed to measure the axial modulus of materials subjected to tensile loads. The approach is intended for use on long composite structures the modulus of which is frequency dependent. The governing differential equations of a laboratory test configuration are solved and then combined in such a way that the complex-valued axial modulus is equal to a function of the measured data and the known system parameters. The resulting expression yields a closed form measurement of the modulus at each frequency at which a measurement was made. An experiment is included to verify the method. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited RP Hull, AJ (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR DETACHMENT,SUBMARINE SONAR DEPT,NEW LONDON,CT 06320, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD AUG 29 PY 1996 VL 195 IS 4 BP 545 EP 551 DI 10.1006/jsvi.1996.0444 PG 7 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VF314 UT WOS:A1996VF31400001 ER PT J AU Cullather, RI Bromwich, DH VanWoert, ML AF Cullather, RI Bromwich, DH VanWoert, ML TI Interannual variations in Antarctic precipitation related to El Nino southern oscillation SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ECMWF ANALYSES; SEA-LEVEL; ICE-SHEET; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; HEMISPHERE; GREENLAND; TEMPERATURE; ANOMALIES; PRESSURE AB The accurate estimation of Antarctic precipitation variability is an essential component in understanding global sea level fluctuations; direct measurement techniques, however, are replete with practical difficulties. In this study, net precipitation (precipitation minus sublimation) for the Antarctic continent is computed for 1980-1994 using operational numerical analyses obtained from the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). The resulting estimations reveal a strong interannual variability for the Antarctic continent, implying a +/-1.2 - 1.5 mm yr(-1) maximum range in the Antarctic eustatic change contribution. In particular, variability for the South Pacific sector (120 degrees W-180 degrees W) is shown to be correlated with the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon for 1980-1990. The relation becomes anticorrelated after 1990, associated with a strong East Antarctic ridging pattern that coincides with the start of the prolonged series of warm events of the early 1990s. This result is relevant to other studies relating ENSO variability to high southern latitudes, and a more elaborate picture of this teleconnection pattern is presented. Comparisons of sea level pressure values using available ship observations show good agreement and offer a confirmation of the analyses in this data-sparse region. Additionally, a comparison of results with values obtained from the precipitation fields of the NCEP/NCAR (NCEP: National Centers for Environmental Prediction; NCAR: National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis project are discussed. C1 OFF NAVAL RES, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. RP Cullather, RI (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV, BYRD POLAR RES CTR, POLAR METEOROL GRP, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. RI Bromwich, David/C-9225-2016 NR 67 TC 122 Z9 124 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 27 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D14 BP 19109 EP 19118 DI 10.1029/96JD01769 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VE258 UT WOS:A1996VE25800011 ER PT J AU Eckermann, SD AF Eckermann, SD TI Hodographic analysis of gravity waves: Relationships among Stokes parameters, rotary spectra and cross-spectral methods SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENTS; VECTOR TIME-SERIES; SCATTER VHF RADAR; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; VERTICAL VELOCITY; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; MESOPAUSE REGION; INERTIAL WAVES; TEMPERATURE; MOTIONS AB The elliptical rotation with height of horizontal velocities produced by gravity waves provides considerable information about the wave field. Methods of statistically characterizing velocity ellipses from data currently fall into three main categories: (1) hodographic analyses, (2) cross-spectral analyses, and (3) rotary spectral analyses. The three methods have some intuitive similarities, yet precise interrelationships among them are presently unclear. The three techniques are interrelated here using the so-called ''Stokes parameters'' of the wave field, which initially provide a concise description of the hodographic analysis method (1). On Fourier transforming the Stokes parameters, standard formulae employed in rotary-spectral and cross-spectral analysis methods can then be expressed in terms of the resulting ''Stokes-parameter spectra.'' The results highlight some drawbacks in the use of cross-coherence spectra between velocity components to verify the existence of a coherent wave motion. A more robust measure is suggested, based on the ''degree of polarization'' of classical hodograph-based Stokes-parameter analysis, which can be generalized to provide an analogous spectral measure for evaluation in rotary-spectral and cross-spectral analyses. C1 USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. COMPUTAT PHYS INC, FAIRFAX, VA USA. NR 46 TC 45 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 27 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D14 BP 19169 EP 19174 DI 10.1029/96JD01578 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VE258 UT WOS:A1996VE25800017 ER PT J AU Tepper, G Losee, J AF Tepper, G Losee, J TI A measurement of the electron-hole lifetimes in CdZnTe at 300 and 79 K using a pulsed x-ray microwave technique SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DETECTORS AB Electron-hole lifetimes in CdZnTe at 300 and 79 K have been measured using a pulsed x-ray microwave technique. The technique does not require charge extraction or electrical contacts to the sample and is sensitive enough to detect single x rays absorbed in a semiconductor. The carrier lifetimes at 79 K are observed to be over 100 times longer than at 300 K. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Tepper, G (reprint author), USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,RES DEV TEST & EVALUAT DIV NRAD,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 26 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 9 BP 1253 EP 1254 DI 10.1063/1.117428 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VD632 UT WOS:A1996VD63200026 ER PT J AU Berry, A Mowery, R Turner, NH Seitzman, L AF Berry, A Mowery, R Turner, NH Seitzman, L TI Low-temperature chemical vapor deposition of films containing titanium and nitrogen SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 1 EP MTLS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901652 ER PT J AU Vairavamurthy, MA Wang, SH Maletic, D Chakarian, V AF Vairavamurthy, MA Wang, SH Maletic, D Chakarian, V TI Sulfur and nitrogen speciation in humic substances by x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,GEOCHEM PROGRAM,UPTON,NY 11973. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 5 EP GEOC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91501947 ER PT J AU Carlin, RT DeLong, HC Trulove, PC AF Carlin, RT DeLong, HC Trulove, PC TI Microelectrode evaluation of aluminium and aluminum alloy electrodepositions in ionic liquids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 COVALENT ASSOC INC,WOBURN,MA 01801. AF OFF SCI RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20332. USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 8 EP ANYL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91500254 ER PT J AU Pehrsson, PE Mercer, TW AF Pehrsson, PE Mercer, TW TI The chemistry of diamond (100) and (110) surfaces SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 18 EP MTLS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901669 ER PT J AU Bermudez, VM AF Bermudez, VM TI Surface and interface properties of wurtzite gallium nitride SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 22 EP MTLS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901673 ER PT J AU Yanchunas, J Axley, MJ Fairman, R Robertson, JG AF Yanchunas, J Axley, MJ Fairman, R Robertson, JG TI Spectroscopic properties of E-coli UDP-N-acetyl-enolpyruvnglucosamine reductase SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 47 EP BIOL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91500421 ER PT J AU Keller, TM Son, DY AF Keller, TM Son, DY TI Blending studies of poly(siloxane-acetylene) and poly(carborane-siloxane-acetylene). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 50 EP MTLS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901701 ER PT J AU Houser, DJ Keller, TM AF Houser, DJ Keller, TM TI Synthesis and characterization of tetraphenyl/tetramethyldisiloxane diacetylene copolymers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 51 EP MTLS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901702 ER PT J AU Sastri, SB Keller, TM AF Sastri, SB Keller, TM TI High temperature phthalonitrile resins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 52 EP MTLS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901703 ER PT J AU Yesinowski, JP Hill, EA AF Yesinowski, JP Hill, EA TI Wide-line N-14 NMR in solids. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 52 EP IEC PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91502089 ER PT J AU Harter, JSS Campbell, ML McClean, RE AF Harter, JSS Campbell, ML McClean, RE TI Kinetic study of W(a(5)D(J),a(7)S(3)) with N2O, NO and SO2 from 298 to 573 K SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 63 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900567 ER PT J AU Sundar, RA Keller, TM AF Sundar, RA Keller, TM TI Inorganic-organic borocarbosilicate based hybrid polymers containing diacetylenic functionalities SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 107 EP POLY PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900960 ER PT J AU Flom, SR Shirk, JS Pong, RGS Bartoli, FJ Snow, AW Boyle, ME AF Flom, SR Shirk, JS Pong, RGS Bartoli, FJ Snow, AW Boyle, ME TI Relaxation dynamics in phthalocyanine thin films SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 124 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901403 ER PT J AU Campbell, ML AF Campbell, ML TI Temperature dependent kinetics of Ru(a(5)F(5)) with N2O and O-2 SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 146 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900649 ER PT J AU Jager, M Zhang, Q Stegeman, GI Merritt, CD Kafafi, ZH AF Jager, M Zhang, Q Stegeman, GI Merritt, CD Kafafi, ZH TI Waveguide loss measurements in fullerene (C-60) waveguides SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CENT FLORIDA,CREOL,ORLANDO,FL 32816. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 149 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901428 ER PT J AU Kim, OK Choi, SL Zhang, HY He, XH Shih, YH AF Kim, OK Choi, SL Zhang, HY He, XH Shih, YH TI Novel nonlinear optical (NLO) materials by spontaneous poling of supramolecularly devised rigid-rod chromophores SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV MARYLAND BALTIMORE CTY,DEPT PHYS,BALTIMORE,MD 21228. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 157 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901436 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL AF Ngai, KL TI Short-time dynamics of glass forming liquids SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 168 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900671 ER PT J AU Lehn, JM Singh, A Fouquey, C AF Lehn, JM Singh, A Fouquey, C TI Supramolecular chemistry - Molecular information and the design of supramolecular materials SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 COLL FRANCE,F-75005 PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV STRASBOURG 1,F-67000 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 205 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900205 ER PT J AU Spector, MS Easwaran, KRK Selinger, JV Singh, A Schnur, JM AF Spector, MS Easwaran, KRK Selinger, JV Singh, A Schnur, JM TI Circular dichroism studies of chiral packing in lipid tubules SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOLEC SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Selinger, Jonathan/D-1445-2010 OI Selinger, Jonathan/0000-0002-4982-2457 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 208 EP ORGN PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900208 ER PT J AU Schmitt, J Decher, G Dressick, WJ Brandow, SL Geer, RE Shashidhar, R Calvert, JM AF Schmitt, J Decher, G Dressick, WJ Brandow, SL Geer, RE Shashidhar, R Calvert, JM TI Layered polymer/metal nanocomposites: Control of structure, optical, and X-ray optical properties SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MAINZ,INST PHYS CHEM,D-55099 MAINZ,GERMANY. CNRS,INST CHARLES SADRON,F-67083 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOL SCI & ENGN,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 210 EP INOR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA915 UT WOS:A1996VA91502331 ER PT J AU Ho, T Wynne, KJ AF Ho, T Wynne, KJ TI Surface properties of self-reinforced room temperature vulcanizable polydimethylsiloxane networks SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OFF NAVAL RES,PHYS SCI S&T DIV 331,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 252 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901104 ER PT J AU Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Lindsay, GA Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Merwin, LH Ostrom, GS Norris, WP AF Zarras, P StengerSmith, JD Lindsay, GA Chafin, AP Hollins, RA Merwin, LH Ostrom, GS Norris, WP TI Synthesis of poly(2,5-bis(n-methyl-n-butylamino)phenylene vinylene: A new conjugated donor substituted polymer for potential use in light emitting diodes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR WEAP,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 261 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901539 ER PT J AU Flom, SR Pong, RGS Shirk, JS Bartoli, FJ Boyle, ME Snow, AW AF Flom, SR Pong, RGS Shirk, JS Bartoli, FJ Boyle, ME Snow, AW TI Higher excited states in lead phthalocyanines. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 277 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900778 ER PT J AU Bartoli, FJ Lindle, JR Flom, SR Harter, A Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R AF Bartoli, FJ Lindle, JR Flom, SR Harter, A Ratna, BR Shashidhar, R TI Field-induced biaxiality in the refractive index of chiral smectic a liquid crystals SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Lindle, James/A-9426-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 284 EP PMSE PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901562 ER PT J AU Mehl, PM AF Mehl, PM TI Ice-liquid surface free energies for some aqueous solutions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,TRANSFUS MED RES PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 296 EP PHYS PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00900797 ER PT J AU Ho, T Wynne, KJ AF Ho, T Wynne, KJ TI Surface energy analysis for substrates in a marine environment SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OFF NAVAL RES,PHYS SCI S&T DIV 331,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 360 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901209 ER PT J AU Mera, AE Pike, JK Goodwin, M Wynne, KJ AF Mera, AE Pike, JK Goodwin, M Wynne, KJ TI Surface analysis of poly(methyl methacrylate)-g-poly(siloxane) copolymers via dynamic contact angle measurements. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,MAT CHEM BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. OFF NAVAL RES,PHYS SCI S&T DIV,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 362 EP POLY PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901211 ER PT J AU Barger, W Koleske, D Feldman, K Kruger, D Colton, R AF Barger, W Koleske, D Feldman, K Kruger, D Colton, R TI Small changes - Big effects: SPM studies of two-component fatty-acid monolayers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV MUNSTER,INST PHYS,D-48149 MUNSTER,GERMANY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 25 PY 1996 VL 212 BP 374 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VB009 UT WOS:A1996VB00901223 ER PT J AU Estes, LE Garcia, RA Lizotte, CD AF Estes, LE Garcia, RA Lizotte, CD TI Underwater vehicles equipped with laser beacons and tracked from aircraft SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE underwater tracking; laser beacons; aircraft tracking AB The successful results of a feasibility experiment for tracking underwater vehicles equipped with laser beacons by aircraft equipped with detectors are presented. The system design focuses on tracking limited payload vehicles such as torpedoes in shallow-water (0-200 m) environments during Navy test and evaluation exercises. A compact, battery operated, Q-switched, frequency-doubled, dual-pulse Nd:YAG laser operating at 532 nm was used. The upward-pointing laser with a diffuse 14 degrees output beam was mounted to a stationary buoy at a depth of five attenuation lengths. Aboard an SH3 helicopter at 5000 ft (1524 m), a 14 degrees field-of-view avalanche photodiode detector system detected the first pulse that triggered an image-intensified CCD camera to image the second pulse at the ocean surface. When the results were scaled, we concluded that a coverage diameter of 14,375 m could be achieved at an aircraft elevation of 1 mile (1.6 km) with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10:1 for depths of ten attenuation lengths. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT DIV,NEWPORT,RI 02841. RP Estes, LE (reprint author), SE MASSACHUSETTS UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,285 OLD WESTPORT RD,N DARTMOUTH,MA 02747, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 20 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 24 BP 4843 EP 4849 DI 10.1364/AO.35.004843 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA VC320 UT WOS:A1996VC32000023 PM 21102910 ER PT J AU Foster, RS Waltman, EB Tavani, M Harmon, BA Zhang, SN Paciesas, WS Ghigo, FD AF Foster, RS Waltman, EB Tavani, M Harmon, BA Zhang, SN Paciesas, WS Ghigo, FD TI Radio and X-ray variability of the galactic superluminal source GRS 1915+105 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; radio continuum, stars; X-rays, stars ID 8.3 GHZ; CYGNUS-X-3; OUTBURSTS; GRS-1915+105; J1655-40; WATCH AB We report results of radio and hard X-ray monitoring observations of the Galactic superluminal X-ray source GRS 1915+105 carried out with the Green Bank Interferometer and the Burst and Transient Source Experiment during the period 1994 September through 1996 March. Both the radio and the hard X-ray light curves show a complex transient behavior. The radio emission monitored at 2.25 and 8.3 GHz is correlated with episodes of enhanced hard X-ray emission. A phenomenological classification of the radio emission indicates two distinct emission modes: plateau and flaring. Plateau radio emission is in general optically thick, with a flat-topped light curve showing a rapid onset and decrease of the flux density. The radio flaring state shows large radio flares that can increase in flux density by 2 orders of magnitude in less than 18 hr, followed by an optically thin exponential decay. These observed large radio flares are consistent with external propagation of plasmoids emitting synchrotron radiation. We comment on the significance of these results, and suggest a scenario for modeling the multiwavelength behavior of GRS 1915+105. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,COLUMBIA ASTROPHYS LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10027. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYS,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,GREEN BANK,WV 24944. RP Foster, RS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,CODE 7210,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 27 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 20 PY 1996 VL 467 IS 2 BP L81 EP L84 DI 10.1086/310199 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VD221 UT WOS:A1996VD22100011 ER PT J AU Malin, JI Felix, CL Meyer, JR Hoffman, CA Pinto, JF Lin, CH Chang, PC Murry, SJ Pei, SS AF Malin, JI Felix, CL Meyer, JR Hoffman, CA Pinto, JF Lin, CH Chang, PC Murry, SJ Pei, SS TI Type II mid-IR lasers operating above room temperature SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE semiconductor junction lasers; semiconductor quantum wells; optical pumping AB Laser emission at lambda=3.2 mu m has been observed for temperatures up to 350K in pulsed optical pumping experiments on type-II quantum well lasers with four-constituents in each period (InAs-Ga0.7Sb-InAs-AlSb). The characteristic temperature is 68K, and peak output powers of up to 270mW are obtained for ambient-temperature operation. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,CTR SPACE VACUUM EPITAXY,HOUSTON,TX 77204. RP Malin, JI (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5600,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 17 BP 1593 EP 1595 DI 10.1049/el:19961057 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VF336 UT WOS:A1996VF33600048 ER PT J AU Boos, JB Kruppa, W Park, D AF Boos, JB Kruppa, W Park, D TI Reduction of gate current in AlSb/InAs HEMTs using a dual-gate design SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE high electron mobility transistors; impact ionisation AB Dual-gate AlSb/InAs HEMTs with 0.4 mu m gate lengths have been fabricated, and exhibit a significant reduction in the gate leakage current associated with holes generated by impact ionisation. These HEMTs also have decreased output conductance and increased low frequency unilateral gain compared to single gate devices. C1 SFA INC, LANDOVER, MD 20785 USA. RP Boos, JB (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 0013-5194 EI 1350-911X J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 17 BP 1624 EP 1625 DI 10.1049/el:19961088 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VF336 UT WOS:A1996VF33600068 ER PT J AU Warren, HP Mariska, JT Lean, J Marquette, W Johannesson, A AF Warren, HP Mariska, JT Lean, J Marquette, W Johannesson, A TI Modeling solar extreme ultraviolet irradiance variability using emission measure distributions SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FLUX MODEL; QUIET-SUN; EUV; NETWORK AB We introduce a new model of solar irradiance variability at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths. The model combines a spectral emission line database, solar emission measure distributions, and estimates from ground-based solar images of the fraction of the Sun covered by the various types of activity to synthesize the irradiance. Using Ca II K-line images, the model can be used to estimate the irradiance from EUV line emission formed in the upper chromosphere and lower transition region. Comparisons of this new model with existing empirical models reveal both similarities and disagreements in the absolute magnitude, the amplitude of the rotational modulation, and the intermediate-term solar cycle variability of the predicted fluxes. C1 CALTECH,BIG BEAR SOLAR OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP Warren, HP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7673,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Lean, Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639 NR 15 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2207 EP 2210 DI 10.1029/96GL01481 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600002 ER PT J AU Cebula, RP Thuillier, GO VanHoosier, ME Hilsenrath, E Herse, M Brueckner, GE Simon, PC AF Cebula, RP Thuillier, GO VanHoosier, ME Hilsenrath, E Herse, M Brueckner, GE Simon, PC TI Observations of the solar irradiance in the 200-350 nm interval during the ATLAS-1 mission: A comparison among three sets of measurements - SSBUV, SOLSPEC, and SUSIM SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CALIBRATION; BOARD AB The SOLSPEC, SSBUV, and SUSIM spectrometers simultaneously observed the solar spectral irradiance during the ATLAS-I mission flown on board the Space Shuttle Atlantis in March 1992. The three instruments use different methods and means of absolute calibration and were each calibrated preflight and postflight. The three data sets are reported from 200 to 350 nm at 1.1 nm resolution. The method of comparing the three independent data sets is discussed. The importance of a common, precise wavelength scale is shown when comparing the data in wavelength regions of strong Fraunhofer lines. The agreement among the solar irradiance measurements is better than +/-5%. The fact that the calibrations of the three instruments were based on three independent standards provides confidence that the absolute solar spectral irradiance in the range 200-350 nm is now known with an accuracy better than +/-5%. The mean ATLAS-I solar spectrum is compared with simultaneous solar observations from the UARS SOLSTICE and UARS SUSIM instruments. The two mean solar spectra agree to within +/-3%. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. CNRS,SERV AERON,F-91371 VERRIERES BUISSON,FRANCE. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. INST AERON SPATIALE BELGIQUE,B-1180 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. RP Cebula, RP (reprint author), HUGHES STX CORP,7701 GREENBELT RD,GREENBELT,MD 20770, USA. NR 19 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2289 EP 2292 DI 10.1029/96GL01109 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600023 ER PT J AU Kriebel, DL Bevilacqua, RM Hilsenrath, E Gunson, M Hartmann, GK Abrams, M Daehler, M Pauls, TA Newchurch, M Aellig, CP Bories, MC AF Kriebel, DL Bevilacqua, RM Hilsenrath, E Gunson, M Hartmann, GK Abrams, M Daehler, M Pauls, TA Newchurch, M Aellig, CP Bories, MC TI A comparison of ozone measurements made by the ATMOS, MAS, and SSBUV instruments during ATLAS 1, 2, and 3 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Ozone profile measurements were made by three instruments, ATMOS, MAS, and SSBUV, using distinctly different observing techniques, as part of the ATLAS Space Shuttle missions in March 1992, April 1993, and November 1994. ATMOS makes solar-occultation observations of infrared spectra using a Fourier transform interferometer. MAS uses a limb-scanning antenna to measure emission spectra at millimeter wavelengths. SSBUV is a nadir-viewing instrument measuring the transmission of scattered solar ultraviolet radiation modified by ozone absorption. A sample of zonal-mean mixing ratio profiles indicates that these three ATLAS instruments generally agree to within 10%, although a few potential biases have been noted. There are significant differences in the character of the agreement between ATLAS 1 and ATLAS 2 which will require further study. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV REMOTE SENSING,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. MAX PLANCK INST AERON,LINDAU,GERMANY. UNIV ALABAMA,EARTH SYST SCI LAB,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. IDEA,BELTSVILLE,MD. RP Kriebel, DL (reprint author), COMPUTAT PHYS INC,2750 PROSPER AVE,SUITE 600,FAIRFAX,VA 22031, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2301 EP 2304 DI 10.1029/96GL01024 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600026 ER PT J AU Olivero, JJ Pauls, TA Bevilacqua, RM Kriebel, D Daehler, M Richards, ML Kampfer, N Berg, A Stodden, C AF Olivero, JJ Pauls, TA Bevilacqua, RM Kriebel, D Daehler, M Richards, ML Kampfer, N Berg, A Stodden, C TI Distinctive ozone structure in the high-latitude stratosphere: Measurements by the Millimeter-wave Atmospheric Sounder SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUMMER AB MAS (Millimeter-wave Atmospheric Sounder) observations from the shuttle ATLAS spacelab pallet have revealed some little known (and unexplained) structure in stratospheric ozone mixing ratio profiles at sub-polar latitudes, of both hemispheres. Qualitatively similar features are observed by UARS instruments. Another possibly related feature has been observed by ground-based remote sensing from the South Pole over an extended season. In all these cases, it seems likely that active photochemistry and highly structured horizontal and vertical transport play important roles. Some evidence of a similar feature is also present in a current 2-D photochemical model. This high latitude phenomenon is both an intriguing challenge for current 3-D models and potentially useful test for validating remote sensing experiments. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV REMOTE SENSING,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. COMPUTAT PHYS INC,FAIRFAX,VA. MAX PLANCK INST AERON,LINDAU,GERMANY. UNIV BERN,BERN,SWITZERLAND. UNIV BREMEN,BREMEN,GERMANY. RP Olivero, JJ (reprint author), EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,600 S CLYDE MORRIS BLVD,DAYTONA BEACH,FL 32114, USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2309 EP 2311 DI 10.1029/96GL01044 PG 3 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600028 ER PT J AU Hartmann, GK Bevilacqua, RM Schwartz, PR Kampfer, N Kunzi, KF Aellig, CP Berg, A Boogaerts, W Connor, BJ Croskey, CL Daehler, M Degenhardt, W Dicken, HD Goldizen, D Kriebel, D Langen, J Loidl, A Olivero, JJ Pauls, TA Puliafito, SE Richards, ML Rudin, C Tsou, JJ Waltman, WB Umlauft, G Zwick, R AF Hartmann, GK Bevilacqua, RM Schwartz, PR Kampfer, N Kunzi, KF Aellig, CP Berg, A Boogaerts, W Connor, BJ Croskey, CL Daehler, M Degenhardt, W Dicken, HD Goldizen, D Kriebel, D Langen, J Loidl, A Olivero, JJ Pauls, TA Puliafito, SE Richards, ML Rudin, C Tsou, JJ Waltman, WB Umlauft, G Zwick, R TI Measurements of O-3, H2O and ClO in the middle atmosphere using the millimeter-wave atmospheric sounder (MAS) SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRACERS AB The Millimeter-Wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS) is a shuttle-based limb-sounding instrument designed for global spectroscopic studies of O-3, and constituents important in O-3 photochemistry, in the middle atmosphere. It is part of the NASA's Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science (ATLAS) spacelab shuttle mission. This paper presents an overview of the instrument, operation, and data analysis. In addition, as an example of the results, we present zonal average retrievals for O-3, H2O, and ClO obtained in ATLAS 1. The MAS O-3 and H2O measurements are shown to agree well with simultaneous observations made with the UARS MLS instrument. C1 USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV BERN,INST APPL PHYS,CH-3012 BERN,SWITZERLAND. UNIV BREMEN,INST REMOTE SENSING,BREMEN,GERMANY. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23665. PENN STATE UNIV,COMMUN & SPACE SCI LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. COMPUTAT PHYS INC,FAIRFAX,VA. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,DAYTONA BEACH,FL. UNIV MENDOZA,MENDOZA,ARGENTINA. RP Hartmann, GK (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST AERON,POSTFACH 20,D-37189 KATLENBURG DUHM,GERMANY. OI Loidl, Alois/0000-0002-5579-0746 NR 11 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2313 EP 2316 DI 10.1029/96GL01475 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600029 ER PT J AU Bevilacqua, RM Kriebel, DL Pauls, TA Aellig, CP Siskind, DE Daehler, M Olivero, JJ Puliafito, SE Hartmann, GK Kampfer, N Berg, A Croskey, CL AF Bevilacqua, RM Kriebel, DL Pauls, TA Aellig, CP Siskind, DE Daehler, M Olivero, JJ Puliafito, SE Hartmann, GK Kampfer, N Berg, A Croskey, CL TI MAS measurements of the latitudinal distribution of water vapor and ozone in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT AB We present measurements of the latitudinal variation of nighttime O-3 and H2O in the mesosphere and (for O-3) lower thermosphere obtained with the Millimeter-wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS) instrument during the ATLAS 2 mission (8-15 April 1993). These are the first such measurements that have ever been reported. They indicate an O-3 mixing ratio minimum at mid-latitudes in the upper mesosphere, with maxima in the tropics and at high latitudes. The H2O retrievals indicate H2O mixing ratios decreasing toward the poles in both hemispheres in the upper mesosphere. We also present measurements of the diurnal variation of O-3 at southern mid-latitudes, at higher vertical resolution than has ever been reported previously. The results are generally consistent with previous measurements and modeling studies. C1 PENN STATE UNIV,COMMUN & SPACE SCI LAB,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. MAX PLANCK INST AERON,D-37189 KATLENBURG DUHM,GERMANY. UNIV BERN,INST PHYS APPL,CH-3012 BERN,SWITZERLAND. COMPUTAT PHYS INC,FAIRFAX,VA 22031. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,DEPT PHYS SCI,DAYTONA BEACH,FL 32114. UNIV MENDOZA,RA-5500 MENDOZA,ARGENTINA. UNIV BREMEN,DEPT PHYS,D-2800 BREMEN,GERMANY. RP Bevilacqua, RM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2317 EP 2320 DI 10.1029/96GL01119 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600030 ER PT J AU Aellig, CP Kampfer, N Rudin, C Bevilacqua, RM Degenhardt, W Hartogh, P Jarchow, C Kunzi, K Olivero, JJ Croskey, C Waters, JW Michelsen, HA AF Aellig, CP Kampfer, N Rudin, C Bevilacqua, RM Degenhardt, W Hartogh, P Jarchow, C Kunzi, K Olivero, JJ Croskey, C Waters, JW Michelsen, HA TI Latitudinal distribution of upper stratospheric ClO as derived from space borne microwave spectroscopy SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OZONE; AIRBORNE; O-3; H2O; CIO AB Latitudinal distributions of upper stratospheric ClO measured by MAS during the three ATLAS missions are presented for northern hemisphere (NH) spring equinox in 1992, southern hemisphere (SH) early fall in 1993, and NH fall in 1994. The MAS ClO results are shown along with correlative MLS observations. The results of both instruments consistently show the same latitudinal features. The ClO maximum in the NH spring occurs at mid latitudes, whereas the latitudinal ClO maximum in both the NH and SH fall occurs at high latitudes. The volume mixing ratio maxima were significantly higher in the fall (0.7-0.8 ppbv) than in spring (0.5-0.6 ppbv). Qualitatively, these results are consistent with calculations of several 2-D models. C1 UNIV BERN, CH-3012 BERN, SWITZERLAND. GEORGE MASON UNIV, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA. MAX PLANCK INST AERON, LINDAU, GERMANY. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV, DAYTONA BEACH, FL USA. PENN STATE UNIV, STATE COLL, PA USA. CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA USA. HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 7227, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2321 EP 2324 DI 10.1029/96GL01215 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600031 ER PT J AU Aellig, CP Bacmeister, J Bevilacqua, RM Daehler, M Kriebel, D Pauls, T Siskind, D Kampfer, N Langen, J Hartmann, G Berg, A Park, JH Russell, JM AF Aellig, CP Bacmeister, J Bevilacqua, RM Daehler, M Kriebel, D Pauls, T Siskind, D Kampfer, N Langen, J Hartmann, G Berg, A Park, JH Russell, JM TI Space-borne H2O observations in the Arctic stratosphere and mesosphere in the spring of 1992 SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POLAR VORTEX; WATER-VAPOR; ATMOSPHERE; TRANSPORT; DESCENT; MIDDLE; MODEL; AIR AB We report on stratospheric and mesospheric water vapor (H2O) observations obtained by the Millimeter wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS) in the Arctic spring of 1992. In the lower stratosphere, the observations show enhanced H2O inside the vortex between 450 K and 625 K, in agreement with other H2O observations. In the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere, at potential temperatures between 1850 K and 2200 K, we find regions of depressed H2O volume mixing ratio coincident with remnants of high potential vorticity. The depressed mesospheric H2O, as well as the enhanced lower stratospheric H2O, are consistent with wintertime descent. It also suggests effective containment of air up into the lower mesosphere. C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. UNIV BERN,CH-3012 BERN,SWITZERLAND. COMPUTAT PHYS INC,FAIRFAX,VA. EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY,NOORDWIJK,NETHERLANDS. MAX PLANCK INST AERON,LINDAU,GERMANY. UNIV BREMEN,D-2800 BREMEN 33,GERMANY. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23665. RP Aellig, CP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7220,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2325 EP 2328 DI 10.1029/96GL01571 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600032 ER PT J AU Hartmann, GK Degenhardt, W Richards, ML Liebe, HJ Hufford, GA Cotton, MG Bevilacqua, RM Olivero, JJ Kampfer, N Langen, J AF Hartmann, GK Degenhardt, W Richards, ML Liebe, HJ Hufford, GA Cotton, MG Bevilacqua, RM Olivero, JJ Kampfer, N Langen, J TI Zeeman splitting of the 61 gigahertz oxygen (O-2) line in the mesosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Zeeman splitting of O-2 molecular states in the Earth's upper atmosphere leads to polarized emission spectra. A 61 GHz radiometer operated as part of tile Millimeter-wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS), a core payload instrument of the NASA Space Shuttle ATLAS missions, observed such emissions. This instruments high resolution spectrometer (200 kHz) allows us to verify for tile first time Zeeman effect model calculations for the upper atmosphere in some detail. The results suggest some interesting new aspects for the research of the upper atmosphere. C1 NATL TELECOMMUN & INFORMAT ADM,INST TELECOMMUN SCI,BOULDER,CO 80303. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,DEPT PHYS SCI,DAYTONA BEACH,FL 32114. UNIV BERN,IAP,CH-3012 BERN,SWITZERLAND. UNIV BREMEN,IUP,D-28334 BREMEN,GERMANY. RP Hartmann, GK (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST AERON,POB 20,D-37189 KATLENBURG DUHM,GERMANY. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2329 EP 2332 DI 10.1029/96GL01043 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600033 ER PT J AU Zander, R Mahieu, E Gunson, MR Abrams, MC Chang, AY Abbas, M Aellig, C Engel, A Goldman, A Irion, FW Kampfer, N Michelsen, HA Newchurch, MJ Rinsland, CP Salawitch, RJ Stiller, GP Toon, GC AF Zander, R Mahieu, E Gunson, MR Abrams, MC Chang, AY Abbas, M Aellig, C Engel, A Goldman, A Irion, FW Kampfer, N Michelsen, HA Newchurch, MJ Rinsland, CP Salawitch, RJ Stiller, GP Toon, GC TI The 1994 northern midlatitude budget of stratospheric chlorine derived from ATMOS/ATLAS-3 observations SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY EXPERIMENT; SPACELAB-3 AB Volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles of the chlorine-bearing gases HCl, ClONO2, CCl3F, CCl2F2, CHClF2, CCl4, and CH3Cl have been measured between 3 and 49 degrees northern- and 65 to 72 degrees southern latitudes with the Atmospheric Trace MOlecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) instrument during the ATmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science (ATLAS)-3 shuttle mission of 3 to 12 November 1994. A subset of these profiles obtained between 20 and 49 degrees N at sunset, combined with ClO profiles measured by the Millimeter-wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS) also from aboard ATLAS-3, measurements by balloon for HOCl, CH3CCl3 and C2Cl3F3, and model calculations for COClF indicates that the mean burden of chlorine, Cl-TOT, was equal to (3.53 +/- 0.10) ppbv (parts per billion by volume), 1-sigma, throughout the stratosphere at the time of the ATLAS 3 mission. This is some 37% larger than the mean 2.58 ppbv value measured by ATMOS within the same latitude zone during the Spacelab 3 flight of 29 April to 6 May 1985, consitent with an exponential growth rate of the chlorine loading in the stratosphere equal to 3.3%/yr or a linear increase of 0.10 ppbv/yr over the Spring-1985 to Fall-1994 time period. These findings are in agreement with both the burden and increase of the main anthropogenic Cl-bearing source gases at the surface during the 1980s, confirming that the stratospheric chlorine loading is primarily of anthropogenic origin. C1 NASA, GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR, ESSL, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35889 USA. USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. CALTECH, JET PROP LAB, PASADENA, CA 91109 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, D-5170 JULICH, GERMANY. UNIV DENVER, DEPT PHYS, DENVER, CO 80208 USA. CALTECH, DEPT CHEM ENGN, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. UNIV BERN, INST APPL PHYS, CH-3012 BERN, SWITZERLAND. HARVARD UNIV, DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35899 USA. IMK, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. RP UNIV LIEGE, INST ASTROPHYS, B-4000 LIEGE, BELGIUM. RI Salawitch, Ross/B-4605-2009; Stiller, Gabriele/A-7340-2013; Engel, Andreas/E-3100-2014; OI Salawitch, Ross/0000-0001-8597-5832; Stiller, Gabriele/0000-0003-2883-6873; Engel, Andreas/0000-0003-0557-3935; Mahieu, Emmanuel/0000-0002-5251-0286 NR 18 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2357 EP 2360 DI 10.1029/96GL01792 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600040 ER PT J AU Michelsen, HA Salawitch, RJ Gunson, MR Aellig, C Kampfer, N Abbas, MM Abrams, MC Brown, TL Chang, AY Goldman, A Irion, FW Newchurch, MJ Rinsland, CP Stiller, GP Zander, R AF Michelsen, HA Salawitch, RJ Gunson, MR Aellig, C Kampfer, N Abbas, MM Abrams, MC Brown, TL Chang, AY Goldman, A Irion, FW Newchurch, MJ Rinsland, CP Stiller, GP Zander, R TI Stratospheric chlorine partitioning: Constraints from shuttle-borne measurements of [HCl], [ClNO3], and [ClO] SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BRANCHING RATIO; RATE CONSTANTS; OH; PHOTOLYSIS; KINETICS AB Measured stratospheric mixing ratios of HCl, ClNO3, and ClO from ATMOS and MAS are poorly reproduced by models using recommended kinetic parameters. This discrepancy is not resolved by new rates for the reactions Cl+CH4 and OH+HCl derived from weighted fits to laboratory measurements. A deficit in modeled [HCl] and corresponding overprediction of [ClNO3] and [ClO], which increases with altitude, suggests that production of HCl between 20 and 50 km is much faster than predicted from recommended rates. C1 CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV BERN,INST APPL PHYS,CH-3012 BERN,SWITZERLAND. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23665. UNIV DENVER,DEPT PHYS,DENVER,CO 80208. UNIV ALABAMA,EARTH SYST SCI LAB,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. UNIV KARLSRUHE,FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM,KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. UNIV LIEGE,INST ASTROPHYS,COINTE OUGREE,BELGIUM. RP Michelsen, HA (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,ARP,DIV APPL SCI,12 OXFORD ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. RI Salawitch, Ross/B-4605-2009; Stiller, Gabriele/A-7340-2013 OI Salawitch, Ross/0000-0001-8597-5832; Stiller, Gabriele/0000-0003-2883-6873 NR 17 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 17 BP 2361 EP 2364 DI 10.1029/96GL00787 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VD376 UT WOS:A1996VD37600041 ER PT J AU Griscom, DL AF Griscom, DL TI gamma and fission-reactor radiation effects on the visible-range transparency of aluminum-jacketed, all-silica optical fibers SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED DEFECT CENTERS; CORE FIBERS; INDUCED ABSORPTION; FUSED SILICAS; HOLE-CENTERS; WAVEGUIDES; BANDS; SIO2 AB Four aluminum-jacketed, fluorine-doped silica clad optical fibers with silica core materials fabricated by differing technologies were subjected to sequential Co-60-gamma ray and fission-reactor irradiations (at similar to 20 and 40 degrees C, respectively), an intervening isothermal anneal (similar to 20 degrees C), and a final isochronal anneal (to 600 degrees C) while monitoring the radiation-induced absorption spectra in the range similar to 400-1000 nm. The two low-OH/low-chloride core fibers (one of which was doped with 0.5 mass % fluorine) both developed bands at 660 and 760 nm which exceeded 10 000 dB/km for doses in the range - 10(2)-10(6) Gy(Si); however, these bands declined to <1000 dB/km by the end of the gamma-irradiation phase [12 MGy(Si) at 5.6 Gy(Si)/s]. All fibers displayed an ''UV band tail,'' which was the strongest in the high-chloride core fiber, as well as bands in the range similar to 600-630 nm generally attributed to nonbridging-oxygen hole centers (NBOHCs). During the gamma-irradiation phase the strengths of the NBOHC bands proved to be strongly dependent on the method of core material manufacture. Contrary to previous results for acrylate-jacketed fibers, no substantial bleaching of the UV-tailor NBOHC bands took place during gamma irradiation despite the continuous propagation of white light powers similar to 5-50 mu W. The incremental induced absorption spectra consequent to the reactor-irradiation [similar to 4 MGy(Si) gamma-ray dose at 70 Gy(Si)/s, plus fluence of >2.8-MeV neutrons similar to 2X10(16) cm(-2)] were much less sensitive to fiber core material. The prospects for developing rad hard optical fibers for fusion reactor diagnostics are discussed in light of these findings. RP Griscom, DL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 37 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 4 BP 2142 EP 2155 DI 10.1063/1.363107 PG 14 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VD532 UT WOS:A1996VD53200027 ER PT J AU Mied, RP Shen, CY Evans, TE Lindemann, GJ AF Mied, RP Shen, CY Evans, TE Lindemann, GJ TI Frontogenesis with ageostrophic vertical shears and horizontal density gradients: Gulf Stream meanders onto the continental shelf SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID CAPE-HATTERAS; NORTH-CAROLINA; FRONTAL EDDY; PROPAGATION; TURBULENCE; WATER; FLUID AB This paper deals with frontogenesis in the presence of ageostrophic vertical current shears and horizontal density gradients. The problem has broad application to the situation encountered in tidal fronts and current system meanders, but specific focus here is on Gulf Stream meander crests and filaments that advance onto the continental shelf just north of Cape Hatteras. These occur typically every few days as Gulf Stream meanders progress northeastward through the South Atlantic Eight and past Cape Hatteras. We model the submesoscale evolution of the interface between the continental shelf water and these Gulf Stream features while they are on the continental shelf. We assume the region to be characterized by an initial condition consisting of a horizontal density transition region and an ageostrophic, surface-intensified horizontal flow. The ensuing frontogensis process is modeled numerically with an f plane calculation employing the full nonlinear equations in the depth/cross-front plane; flow is assumed out of this plane (along the front), but no variation of the flow in this direction is allowed. A pseudospectral model is employed using trigonometric functions in the horizontal and Chebyshev polynomials in the vertical. Many different scenarios are investigated by changing the width, shape, and relative positions of the density transition and velocity jet. In the majority of cases a propagating hydraulic jump is formed. Simultaneously, the initial surface jet evolves to a subsurface-intensified jet while it weakens and ultimately changes directions. The presence of this strong velocity jet can substantially enhance the rate of jump formation or completely inhibit frontogenesis. Supporting analytical calculations are used to show that the presence of vertical ageostrophic shear can augment or oppose the usual frontogenesis mechanism present when the collapsing horizontal density gradient is acted on by the resulting convergent surface current. The outcome of the shear/density gradient interaction depends upon the position of each field with respect to the other. In the vicinity of the nose of the hydraulic jump for the cases investigated, the density is seen to have a qualitatively similar dependence upon the stream function in the translating frame, irrespective of the initial condition from which it evolved. RP Mied, RP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,CODE 7250,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C8 BP 18079 EP 18104 DI 10.1029/96JC01423 PG 26 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VC707 UT WOS:A1996VC70700003 ER PT J AU Mehl, MJ Papaconstantopoulos, DA AF Mehl, MJ Papaconstantopoulos, DA TI Applications of a tight-binding total-energy method for transition and noble metals: Elastic constants, vacancies, and surfaces of monatomic metals SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SOLID METALS; ALUMINUM; ALLOYS; AG; POTENTIALS; CLUSTERS; SILICON; MODEL AB A recent tight-binding scheme provides a method for extending the results of first-principles calculations to regimes involving 10(2)-10(3) atoms in a unit cell. The method uses an analytic set of two-center, nonorthogonal tight-binding parameters, on-site terms that change with the local environment, and no pair potential. The free parameters in this method are chosen to. simultaneously fit band structures and total energies from a set of first-principles calculations for monatomic fee and bcc crystals. To check the accuracy of this method we evaluate structural energy differences, elastic constants, vacancy formation energies, and surface energies, comparing to first-principles calculations and experiment. In most cases there is good agreement between this theory and experiment. We present a detailed account of the method, a complete set of tight-binding parameters, and results for 29 of the alkaline-earth, transition, and noble metals. RP Mehl, MJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 51 TC 446 Z9 451 U1 8 U2 40 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4519 EP 4530 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.4519 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VE488 UT WOS:A1996VE48800038 ER PT J AU Efros, AL Rosen, M Kuno, M Nirmal, M Norris, DJ Bawendi, M AF Efros, AL Rosen, M Kuno, M Nirmal, M Norris, DJ Bawendi, M TI Band-edge exciton in quantum dots of semiconductors with a degenerate valence band: Dark and bright exciton states SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGHLY POROUS SILICON; SIZE DEPENDENCE; CDSE; ELECTRON; LUMINESCENCE; NANOCRYSTALLITES; ABSORPTION; IDENTIFICATION; MICROCRYSTALS; CRYSTALLITES AB We present a theoretical analysis of the band-edge exciton structure in nanometer-size crystallites of direct semiconductors with a cubic lattice structure or a hexagonal lattice structure which can be described within the framework of a quasicubic model. The lowest energy exciton, eightfold degenerate in spherically symmetric dots, is split into five levels by the crystal shape asymmetry, the intrinsic crystal field (in hexagonal lattice structures), and the electron-hole exchange interaction. Transition oscillator strengths and the size dependence of the splittings have been calculated. Two of the five states, including the ground state, are optically passive (dark excitons). The oscillator strengths of the other three levels (bright excitons) depend strongly on crystal size, shape, and energy band parameters. The relative ordering of the energy levels is also heavily influenced by these parameters. The distance between the first optically active state and the optically forbidden ground exciton state increases with decreasing size, leading to an increase of the Stokes shift in the luminescence. Our results are in good agreement with the size dependence of Stokes shifts obtained in fluorescence line narrowing and photoluminescence experiments in CdSe nanocrystals. Mixing of the dark and bright excitons In an external magnetic field allows the direct optical recombination of the dark exciton ground state. The observed shortening of the luminescence decay time in CdSe nanoncrystals in a magnetic field is also in excellent agreement with the theory, giving further support to the validity of our model. C1 MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA. RP Efros, AL (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, NANOSTRUCT OPT SECT, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Norris, David/F-4022-2010; Kuno, Masaru/K-2673-2012 NR 50 TC 805 Z9 807 U1 21 U2 236 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 7 BP 4843 EP 4856 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.4843 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VE488 UT WOS:A1996VE48800072 ER PT J AU Bak, J Mak, CL Sooryakumar, R Venkateswaran, UD Jonker, BT AF Bak, J Mak, CL Sooryakumar, R Venkateswaran, UD Jonker, BT TI Photoluminescence in Zn1-xCoxSe under hydrostatic pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; P-D EXCHANGE; ZNSE-CO; OPTICAL-TRANSITIONS; ABSORPTION-EDGE; ZINC SELENIDE; ZN1-XFEXSE; EPILAYERS; IMPURITY; DEPENDENCE AB We report on low temperature measurements of the pressure dependence of the photoluminescence (PL) associated with Co2+ in ZnSe performed in a diamond anvil cell. Two sharp emission peaks at similar to 2.36 eV, labeled L and L', show a weak redshift under pressure with rapidly decreasing peak intensities. These results, together with the excitation energy and temperature dependence of the PL at 1 bar, allow for a critical examination of previous models proposed for these optical transitions. The PL data are discussed within the framework of conventional crystal-field theory based on the Racah and crystal-field parameters B, C, and Delta(=10Dq). From this analysis, the normalized energy E/B is determined as a function of the normalized crystal field parameter Dq/B. Thus quantitative estimates for the enhancement in the p-d hybridization with pressure (evident in the line-shape profiles of the spectra) are deduced. The energy separation between L and L' decreases continuously for modest pressures (similar to 1 GPa), and raises questions about the role of spin-orbit coupling in accounting for the splitting of this emission doublet. C1 OAKLAND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ROCHESTER,MI 48309. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Bak, J (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. RI Mak, Chee Leung/D-4906-2016 OI Mak, Chee Leung/0000-0002-2992-7884 NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 8 BP 5545 EP 5551 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.5545 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VF929 UT WOS:A1996VF92900056 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, A Tonucci, RJ Lin, HB Shirley, EL AF Rosenberg, A Tonucci, RJ Lin, HB Shirley, EL TI Photonic-band-structure effects for low-index-contrast two-dimensional lattices in the near-infrared SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ARRAY; GAPS AB We demonstrate that two-dimensional periodic dielectric structures with low index contrast give rise to remarkable photonic band-structure effects. Our structures consist of triangular arrays of glass cylinders embedded in a matrix composed of a different glass, having center-to-center nearest-neighbor separations from 1.08 mu m to 0.54 mu m. The indices of refraction of the two glasses differ by less than 0.02 in the relevant spectral region. The attenuation features corresponding to the boundaries of the first Brillouin zone appear in the near-infrared, at photon energies between 0.4 eV and 0.9 eV. C1 NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP Rosenberg, A (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 11 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 8 BP R5195 EP R5198 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VF929 UT WOS:A1996VF92900001 ER PT J AU Christe, KO Wilson, WW Petrie, MA Michels, HH Bottaro, JC Gilardi, R AF Christe, KO Wilson, WW Petrie, MA Michels, HH Bottaro, JC Gilardi, R TI The dinitramide anion, N(NO2)(2)(-) SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SALTS AB The infrared and Raman spectra of the NH4+, K+, and Cs+ salts of N(NO2)(2)(-) in the solid state and in solution have been measured and are assigned with the help of ab initio calculations at the HF/6-31G* and MP2/6-31+G* levels of theory. In agreement with the variations observed in the crystal structures, the vibrational spectra of the N(NO2)(2)(-) anion are also strongly influenced by the counterions and the physical state. Whereas the ab initio calculations for the free N(NO2)(2)(-) ion indicate a minimum energy structure of C-2 symmetry, Raman polarization measurements on solutions of the N(NO2)(2)(-) anion suggest point group C-1 (i.e., no symmetry). This is attributed to the very small (<3 kcal/mol) N-NO2 rotational barrier in N(NO2)(2)(-) which allows for easy deformation. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,LOKER HYDROCARBON RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. UNITED TECHNOL CORP,RES CTR,E HARTFORD,CT 06108. SRI INT,MENLO PK,CA 94025. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Christe, KO (reprint author), HUGHES STX,PHILLIPS LAB,PROP DIRECTORATE,EDWARDS AFB,CA 93524, USA. RI Christe, Karl/O-4885-2014 OI Christe, Karl/0000-0003-0661-5519 NR 15 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 14 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 17 BP 5068 EP 5071 DI 10.1021/ic9601697 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA VC197 UT WOS:A1996VC19700039 ER PT J AU Doolan, DL Sedegah, M Hedstrom, RC Aguiar, JC Hoffman, SL AF Doolan, DL Sedegah, M Hedstrom, RC Aguiar, JC Hoffman, SL TI DNA vaccination against malaria SO ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID YOELII CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; SPOROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-2; BLOOD-STAGE ANTIGEN; INHIBITORY MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; T-CELL CLONES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLASMID DNA; B-CELL C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. UNIV MARYLAND,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. PAN AMER HLTH ORG,WASHINGTON,DC 20037. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-409X J9 ADV DRUG DELIVER REV JI Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. PD AUG 12 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 1 BP 49 EP 61 DI 10.1016/0169-409X(96)00018-X PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VK828 UT WOS:A1996VK82800005 ER PT J AU Roland, CM Nagi, KL AF Roland, CM Nagi, KL TI Segmental relaxation in poly(dimethylsiloxane) SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITIONS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; POLYMER; TIME; LIQUIDS; POLYISOPRENE; SCATTERING; CHAIN RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 32 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 12 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 17 BP 5747 EP 5750 DI 10.1021/ma960045d PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA VC269 UT WOS:A1996VC26900033 ER PT J AU Hajian, AR Phillips, JA Terzian, Y AF Hajian, AR Phillips, JA Terzian, Y TI High-resolution observations of the CO gas surrounding the core of CRL 618 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM, individual (CRL 618); ISM, jets and outflows; radio lines, ISM; stars, AGE and post-AGB ID PROTO-PLANETARY NEBULAE; IRAS OBSERVATIONS; CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVELOPE; RADIATION-GASDYNAMICS; MOLECULAR OUTFLOW; DUST SHELL; CRL-618; EMISSION; CRL-2688; SPECTROPOLARIMETRY AB Recently acquired CO(1-0) observations at 115 GHz with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory have revealed the presence of previously undetected material surrounding CRL 618. The observations have a beam size of 2.0 '' x 1.6 '' and are more sensitive than any interferometric observations of the source thus far. Our maps reveal the presence of a circular emission region with a radius of approximate to 15 '' surrounding the core of CRL 618. It is probable that this halo structure is a shell of ejecta from the progenitor of CRL 618, which underwent a period of significant mass loss while ascending the asymptotic giant branch. The CO halo is clumpy and surrounds the bright molecular core of CRL 618, possibly shaping the core's weak. bipolar appearance. As in the case of the CS line we have previously observed, the spectral profile of the CO line is similar to a P Cygni feature. The morphology of the absorption feature is that of a point source centered close to, but not coincident with the H II position. In addition, we have imaged the high-velocity outflow from the core, and we find that the redshifted and blueshifted emission comes from point sources that are distinctly separated, with the redshifted lobe west of the blueshifted lobe. C1 NAIC,ITHACA,NY 14853. USN OBSERV,NRL,OPT INTERFEROMETER PROJECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. OWENS VALLEY RADIO OBSERV,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP Hajian, AR (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT ASTRON,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 44 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 1996 VL 467 IS 1 BP 341 EP 347 DI 10.1086/177609 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VB703 UT WOS:A1996VB70300030 ER PT J AU Walker, DT Leighton, RI GarzaRios, LO AF Walker, DT Leighton, RI GarzaRios, LO TI Shear-free turbulence near a flat free surface SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-REYNOLDS-NUMBER; BOUNDARY-LAYERS; ROUND JET; WALL; CHANNEL; FLOWS AB In this study the evolution of initially homogeneous and isotropic turbulence in the presence of a free surface was investigated. The Navier-Stokes equations were solved via direct pseudo-spectral simulation with a resolution of 96(3). The Reynolds number based on the volume-averaged turbulence kinetic energy and dissipation rate was 147. Periodic boundary conditions were used in two dimensions, and the top and bottom sides of the domain were flat and shear-free. A random, divergence-free velocity held with a prescribed spectrum was used as the initial condition. An ensemble of sixteen separate simulations was used to calculate statistics. Near the surface, the Reynolds stresses are anisotropic and the anisotropy extends a distance from the surface roughly equal to the turbulent lengthscale. The tangential vorticity fluctuations also vanish near the surface, owing to the no-shear condition, causing a corresponding decrease in the fluctuating enstrophy. The thickness of the region in which the surface affects the vorticity distribution is roughly one-tenth the turbulent lengthscale. The stress anisotropy near the surface appears to be maintained by reduced dissipation for the tangential velocity fluctuations, reduced pressure-strain transfer from the tangential to surface-normal velocity fluctuations, and rapid decay of the surface-normal velocity fluctuations due to dissipation. The turbulence kinetic energy rises in the near-surface region owing to a decrease in dissipation at the surface. This decrease in dissipation results from the local reduction in enstrophy owing to the vanishing of the tangential vorticity fluctuations at the surface. At the free surface, the mean pressure rises. This is also due to the reduction in enstrophy. While the tangential vorticity must vanish at the free surface, the how is fully three-dimensional up to the surface and the production of surface-normal vorticity by vortex stretching attains a maximum at the free surface. The contribution to the total enstrophy by the surface-normal vorticity fluctuations remains relatively constant over depth. The production of the surface-normal enstrophy component due to vortex stretching is roughly balanced by turbulent transport of enstrophy away from the surface. Near the surface, there an elevated levels of production of tangential vorticity by both vortex-stretching and fluctuating shear strains. C1 USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Walker, DT (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NAVAL ARCHITECTURE & MARINE ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 34 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-1120 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD AUG 10 PY 1996 VL 320 BP 19 EP 51 DI 10.1017/S0022112096007446 PG 33 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA VF904 UT WOS:A1996VF90400002 ER PT J AU Nice, DS Garland, CF Hilton, SM Baggett, JC Mitchell, RE AF Nice, DS Garland, CF Hilton, SM Baggett, JC Mitchell, RE TI Long-term health outcomes and medical effects of torture among US navy prisoners of war in Vietnam SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID REQUIRING PROLONGED OBSERVATION; FOLLOW-UP; FORMER PRISONERS; PSYCHIATRIC-ILLNESS; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; ERA PRISONER; MORBIDITY; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; JAPANESE AB Objective.-To characterize incidence of illnesses and injuries from 1979 to 1993 in former naval aviator prisoners of war (POWs) from the Vietnam War and a comparison group of naval aviators from the same war. Design.-Cohort analytic study. Setting.-A US Navy primary care clinic. Participants.-Volunteer sample consisting of 70 former naval aviator POWs (white men, aged 47 to 69 years in 1993) and a comparison group of 55 naval aviators who served in Vietnam but were not POWs, matched on race, age, marital status, education, rank, year of entry into the navy, and pilot status, Subjects participated in an annual health screening program. This study reports data sampled on a biennial basis from subjects screened both in 1979 and 1993. Main Outcome Measure.-Medically diagnosed incidence of illness and injury based on a standard protocol. Results.-POWs had higher incidence rates than the comparison group did of disorders of the peripheral nervous system (relative risk [RR], 8.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7-25.9: P<.001). joints (RR, 1.5, 95% CI, 1.2-2.0; P<.006), and back (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0-3.0; P<.037). These findings also were statistically significant according to Kaplan-Meier survival analyses that included 131 (95%) of 138 POWs and 115 (83%) of the 138 members of the comparison group. Survival analyses revealed that, in addition to these disorders, POWs had higher hazard rates of peptic ulcer (P<.01). Conclusions.-During captivity, ropes, ratchet handcuffs, leg irons, or stocks were used to put tightly constrictive pressure around the extremities of POWs as a means of torture, resulting in painful ischemia and subsequent neuropathies. Being a former POW was associated with increased cumulative incidence rates of chronic disorders of the peripheral nervous system. joints, and back and an increased hazard rate of peptic ulcer. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT FAMILY & PREVENT MED,SAN DIEGO,CA. USN,AEROSP & OPERAT MED INST,PENSACOLA,FL. RP Nice, DS (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. RI Hilton, Susan/A-3324-2009 NR 49 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 7 PY 1996 VL 276 IS 5 BP 375 EP 381 DI 10.1001/jama.276.5.375 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UZ776 UT WOS:A1996UZ77600018 PM 8683815 ER PT J AU Karle, IL Awasthi, SK Balaram, P AF Karle, IL Awasthi, SK Balaram, P TI A designed beta-hairpin peptide in crystals SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE two conformers; octapeptides; ideal pleated sheets; beta-turn nucleating segment ID SYNTHETIC PROTEIN MIMICS; DE-NOVO DESIGN; SHORT LINEAR PEPTIDE; ALPHA-HELIX; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; MODULAR DESIGN; AMINO-ACIDS; SHEET; CONFORMATION; ANALOG AB beta-hairpin structures have been crystallographically characterized only in very short acyclic peptides, in contrast to helices, The structure of the designed beta-hairpin, t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Val-Val-D-Pro-Gly-Leu-Val-Val-OMe in crystals is described, The two independent molecules of the octapeptide fold into almost ideal beta-hairpin conformations with the central D-Pro-Gly segment adopting a Type II' beta-turn conformation. The definitive characterization of a beta-hairpin has implications for de novo peptide and protein design, particularly for the development of three- and four-stranded beta-sheets. C1 INDIAN INST SCI,MOL BIOPHYS UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. RP Karle, IL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM30902] NR 58 TC 130 Z9 131 U1 3 U2 7 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 6 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 16 BP 8189 EP 8193 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.16.8189 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA VB325 UT WOS:A1996VB32500007 PM 8710845 ER PT J AU Glesener, JW Morrish, AA AF Glesener, JW Morrish, AA TI Investigation of the temperature dependence of the field emission current of polycrystalline diamond films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROSCOPY; SURFACES AB This letter reports on the measurement of the field emission current dependence of doped polycrystalline diamond (PCD) films on temperature. The motivation for this type of measurement was to assess the thermal stability of PCD field emitters and gain some insight into a possible emission mechanism. Between room temperature and 300 degrees C, for a fixed electric field, the emission current from B doped films was found to remain constant. Heavily doped nitrogen him were also examined and the emission current was found to increase exponentially with an activation energy of 0.16 eV. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Glesener, JW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 5 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 6 BP 785 EP 787 DI 10.1063/1.117891 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VA292 UT WOS:A1996VA29200023 ER PT J AU Lynde, TA Schulman, LB Meiers, JC Whitehill, JM AF Lynde, TA Schulman, LB Meiers, JC Whitehill, JM TI Dimensional stability of two visible light-cured indirect inlay/onlay resin composite materials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESTORATIONS; MICROLEAKAGE; REDUCTION AB Purpose: To evaluate the dimensional stability over time of two visible light-cured indirect inlay/onlay resin composites. Materials and Methods: Twenty working dies of a Class II preparation were constructed in type IV die stone from impressions of a master metal die. Working dies were randomly divided into two groups of 10 with Class II resin composite inlays fabricated using Brilliant Dentin (n=10) and Triad inlay material (n=10). Inlays were seated on the master metal die 1, 3 and 10 days after fabrication and resin replicas were made of the proximal gingival margin surface which were gold-sputtered and used for the measurement of gingival margin gap distances at four locations using an SEM micron measurement system. Results: Triad inlays mean gingival margin gap measurement was significantly (P<0.05) greater at 10 days versus 1 day. Brilliant Dentin inlays had no significant mean gingival margin gap measurement differences between any time periods. As a material, Triad inlays had significantly less gingival margin gap distances than the Brilliant Dentin inlays at all three time intervals. C1 VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,SCH DENT,DEPT GEN PRACTICE,RICHMOND,VA 23298. TUFTS UNIV,SCH DENT MED,DEPT RESTORAT DENT,BOSTON,MA 02111. USN,SCH DENT,RES DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. RP Lynde, TA (reprint author), VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV,MED COLL VIRGINIA,SCH DENT,DEPT PROSTHODONT,521 N 11TH ST,RICHMOND,VA 23298, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSHER & LINDER, INC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 9859 IH-10 WEST, SUITE 107/489, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78230-2236 SN 0894-8275 J9 AM J DENT JI Am. J. Dent. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 153 EP 156 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VL555 UT WOS:A1996VL55500004 PM 9002790 ER PT J AU ElSayed, NM Gomatos, PJ Rodier, GR Wierzba, TF Darwish, A Khashaba, S Arthur, RR AF ElSayed, NM Gomatos, PJ Rodier, GR Wierzba, TF Darwish, A Khashaba, S Arthur, RR TI Seroprevalence survey of Egyptian tourism workers for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and Treponema pallidum infections: Association of hepatitis C virus infections with specific regions of Egypt SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID VOLUNTEER BLOOD-DONORS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; PREVALENCE; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; ANTIBODY; ADULTS AB Blood samples from 740 Egyptian Nationals working in the tourism industry at two sites in the South Sinai governorate were screened for markers of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Treponema pallidum. Study subjects included 467 individuals from a rural seashore tourist village and 273 persons at two hotels in a well-established resort town. Subjects' ages ranged from 15 to 70 years; 99.3% were male. The prevalence of serologic markers for currently asymptomatic or past HBV infection alone was 20.7% (n = 153), of markers for past or chronic HCV infection alone was 7.4% (n = 55), and of markers for both HBV and HCV was 6.9% (n = 51). Of the 204 individuals positive for anti-HBV core antibody, 12 (5.9%) were also positive for hepatitis B surface antigen. Two individuals (0.3%) had a serologic masker suggestive of an active syphilitic infection. No subject was found to be HIV-seropositive. History of prior injections and number of injections were associated with infection with HCV. Primary residence in the Nile delta and valley areas where schistosomiasis is highly endemic, was also a statistically significant risk factor for HCV, but not HBV infection. C1 MINIST HLTH CAIRO,CAIRO,EGYPT. USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. CTR SPECIAL IMMUNOL,FT LAUDERDALE,FL. UNIV MARYLAND,INT HLTH PROGRAM,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. NR 20 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 55 IS 2 BP 179 EP 184 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA VF028 UT WOS:A1996VF02800011 PM 8780457 ER PT J AU Seely, JF Kowalski, MP Hunter, WR Gutman, G AF Seely, JF Kowalski, MP Hunter, WR Gutman, G TI Reflectance of a wideband multilayer x-ray mirror at normal and grazing incidences SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE X-ray optics; multilayer mirrors ID LAYERED SYNTHETIC MICROSTRUCTURES; GRATING CRYSTAL MONOCHROMATOR; EUV WAVELENGTHS; OPTIMIZATION; REFLECTIVITY AB The reflectance of a W-B4C multilayer mirror, with a period thickness that increased with depth into the multilayer, was measured at near-normal incidence with synchrotron radiation and at grazing incidence with Cu K alpha radiation. The period thickness increased linearly from 17.9 Angstrom at the top of the multilayer structure to 21.9 Angstrom at the substrate while the same ratio of nodal layer to period thickness was maintained. For a grazing angle of 80 degrees (10 degrees from normal incidence), the peak reflectance was 1.1% at a wavelength of 36 Angstrom, and the reflectance profile was 1 Angstrom wide. For Cu K alpha radiation the reflectance peaked at a grazing angle of 2.4 degrees and was 0.4 degrees wide. Compared with a W-B4C multilayer mirror with a constant period thickness, the depth-graded multilayer mirror has wider reflectance profiles at near-normal and grazing incidences, resulting in larger integrated reflectances and wider fields of view. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. OSMIC INC,TROY,MI 48084. RP Seely, JF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7674S,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 22 BP 4408 EP 4412 DI 10.1364/AO.35.004408 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA VA289 UT WOS:A1996VA28900014 PM 21102854 ER PT J AU Vohra, ST Bucholtz, F Nau, GM Ewing, KJ Aggarwal, ID AF Vohra, ST Bucholtz, F Nau, GM Ewing, KJ Aggarwal, ID TI Remote detection of trichloroethylene in soil by a fiber-optic infrared reflectance probe SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE remote FT-IR spectroscopy; fiber-optic chemical sensors; soil analysis; chlorinated hydrocarbons AB A remote detection method for measuring the infrared reflectance from chlorinated hydrocarbons in soils is demonstrated. The method uses a 12-m-long, field-ruggedized, chalcogenide fiber to transmit Ri reflectance data to a remotely located FT-IR spectrometer. Minimum observable signal corresponding to 250 ppm of trichloroethylene (TCE) in sand was measured with the system. Suggestions for improving the threshold detection limit are offered. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,RES FDN,GREENBELT,MD 20770. RP Vohra, ST (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5675,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 50 IS 8 BP 985 EP 990 DI 10.1366/0003702963905240 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA VD855 UT WOS:A1996VD85500007 ER PT J AU Stone, RC AF Stone, RC TI CCD positions for the outer planets in 1995 determined in the extragalactic reference frame SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID EPHEMERIDES; PLUTO; RADIO AB This paper presents positions for the planets Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto in 1995 determined in the extragalactic reference system with the Flagstaff CCD transit telescope (Stone et al. 1996, AJ, 111, 1721). In this paper, these positions are compared with the recent DE403 planetary ephemerides discussed in Standish et al. [1995, JPL IOM 314.10-127 (DE403).] There is excellent agreement between the observed and predicted positions for Uranus and Neptune, wherein no evidence for systematic errors is found, and the mean (Observed-DE403) differences in position are small (less than or equal to 0.06 arcsec in magnitude) and not significantly larger than their formal errors. The scatter in the residuals for these planets is sigma similar to +/- 0.24 arcsec in both coordinates, which can be explained by observational errors. For Pluto, the agreement is very good, but there is marginal evidence for an offset (Observed-DE403) in declination amounting to 0.13 +/- 0.03 (s.e.) arcsec. This possibility is based on only 22 observations, and clearly, future observations are needed for clarification. The scatter in the Pluto residuals is sigma similar to +/- 0.15 arcsec in both coordinates, which is very small when compared with other Pluto observations. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. RP Stone, RC (reprint author), USN OBSERV,FLAGSTAFF STN,POB 1149,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86002, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 112 IS 2 BP 781 EP 787 DI 10.1086/118053 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UZ553 UT WOS:A1996UZ55300036 ER PT J AU Quirrenbach, A Mozurkewich, D Buscher, DF Hummel, CA Armstrong, JT AF Quirrenbach, A Mozurkewich, D Buscher, DF Hummel, CA Armstrong, JT TI Angular diameter and limb darkening of Arcturus SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE techniques, interferometric; stars, atmospheres; stars, fundamental parameters; stars, individual, Arcturus; stars, late-type ID INFRARED FLUX METHOD; BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY; K-GIANT STARS; EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES; MICHELSON INTERFEROMETRY; MODEL ATMOSPHERES; MIRA; CALIBRATION; BETELGEUSE; CONTINUUM AB The diameter of Arcturus has been measured with the MkIII Optical Interferometer at 5 wavelengths between 450 and 500 nm. The wavelength dependence of the uniform disk diameter agrees quantitatively with predictions from limb-darkening coefficients for a grid of model atmospheres tabulated by Manduca et al. (1977) and Manduca (1979). The true limb-darkened diameter of Arcturus is 21.0 +/- 0.2 mas. By combination of this value with the bolometric flux of (5.04 +/- 0.20) x 10(-8) Wm(-2) from the literature, the effective temperature is determined to be 4303 +/- 47 K. It is also shown that the visibility function (i.e., visibility as a function of baseline length) cannot be fitted with uniform disk models close to and beyond the first null. The measured shape of the visibility function agrees well, however, with the Manduca et al. limb-darkened disk models. C1 UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC, WASHINGTON, DC 20024 USA. MAX PLANCK INST EXTRATERR PHYS, D-85748 GARCHING, GERMANY. USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP USN OBSERV, NRL,USNO,OPT INTERFEROMETER PROJECT,AD5, 3450 MASSACHUSSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20392 USA. NR 43 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 312 IS 1 BP 160 EP 166 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VC218 UT WOS:A1996VC21800023 ER PT J AU Fey, AL Clegg, AW Fomalont, EB AF Fey, AL Clegg, AW Fomalont, EB TI VLBA observations of radio reference frame sources .1. SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies, jets; galaxies, structure; radio continuum, galaxies ID COMPLETE SAMPLE; INTERFEROMETRY; MAPS AB We present first-epoch simultaneous dual-frequency VLBA 2 GHz and 8 GHz observations of a sample of 42 of the 560 extragalactic sources for which positions were reported by Johnston et al. Many of the observed sources have dominant cores containing the majority of the total flux density and angular sizes less than several milliarcseconds. However, at some level, almost all the observed sources show structure characteristic of a core-jet morphology, often with multiple jet components. Analysis of source structure corrections to the measured VLBI group delay, based on the images presented here, confirm that intrinsic structure contributions can be significant. These observations represent the first in a series of observations intended to image the entire set of sources presented by Johnston et al. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. RP Fey, AL (reprint author), USN OBSERV,CODE EO,3450 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20392, USA. NR 15 TC 108 Z9 110 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 105 IS 2 BP 299 EP 330 DI 10.1086/192315 PG 32 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VB173 UT WOS:A1996VB17300004 ER PT J AU Hibbs, RG Weber, JT Corwin, A Allos, BM ElRehim, MSA ElSharkawy, S Sarn, JE McKee, KT AF Hibbs, RG Weber, JT Corwin, A Allos, BM ElRehim, MSA ElSharkawy, S Sarn, JE McKee, KT TI Experience with the use of an investigational F(ab')(2) heptavalent botulism immune globulin of equine origin during an outbreak of type E botulism in Egypt SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SERUM SICKNESS AB During an outbreak of type E foodborne botulism in Cairo in 1991, an investigational equine F(ab')(2) ''despeciated'' heptavalent botulism immune globulin (dBIG) was provided to the Egyptian Ministry of Health by the U.S. Army, Of 54 patients known to have been treated with antitoxins, 4 received commercially available trivalent antitoxins, 45 received dBIG, and 5 received both commercial antitoxin and dBIG, Physicians recorded side effects in 10 (22%) of 45 patients who received dBIG; in nine cases, reactions were considered ''mild,'' and in one case they were believed to be serum sickness. In contrast, possible serum sickness during hospitalization was recorded for two of four patients who were receiving commercial antitoxins, No complications of therapy were noted for any patient who was receiving both antitoxin types. In a separate study, 31 patients were contacted about their reactions to the antitoxin by telephone after discharge from the hospital, Seven (54%) of 13 patients attributed symptoms that they experienced while they were hospitalized to receipt of dBIG, while four (44%) of nine patients who indicated that they had received commercial antitoxins and one (20%) of five who received both commercial antitoxin and dBIG reported side effects before discharge, Data on the efficacy of the antitoxins were not obtained. In our experience, equine dBIG was at least as safe as commercially available antitoxins in treating type E foodborne botulism. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. MINIST PUBL HLTH,CAIRO,EGYPT. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,ATLANTA,GA 30341. USA,MED RES INST INFECT DIS,FT DETRICK,MD 21702. NR 12 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 337 EP 340 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VA554 UT WOS:A1996VA55400022 PM 8842274 ER PT J AU Yousif, A Farid, I Baig, B Creek, J Olson, P Wallace, M AF Yousif, A Farid, I Baig, B Creek, J Olson, P Wallace, M TI Prevalence of Bartonella henselae antibodies among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients from Bahrain SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE; ROCHALIMAEA-HENSELAE C1 SALMANIYA MED CTR, DEPT PATHOL, MANAMA, 92134, BAHRAIN. MINIST HLTH, PUBL HLTH LAB, MANAMA, BAHRAIN. OFF CTY VETERINARIAN, SAN DIEGO, CA USA. NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT CLIN INVEST, USN, MED CORPS, SAN DIEGO, CA USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 398 EP 399 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA VA554 UT WOS:A1996VA55400034 PM 8842286 ER PT J AU Lewis, T AF Lewis, T TI Software architectures: Divine plan or digital Darwinism? SO COMPUTER LA English DT Article RP Lewis, T (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,CODE CS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD AUG PY 1996 VL 29 IS 8 BP 13 EP 15 DI 10.1109/2.532041 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA VC371 UT WOS:A1996VC37100011 ER PT J AU Makeig, S Muller, MM Rockstroh, B AF Makeig, S Muller, MM Rockstroh, B TI Effects of voluntary movements on early auditory brain responses SO EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE EEG; voluntary movement; auditory; steady-state response; evoked response; human ID EVOKED-POTENTIALS; CORTEX; OSCILLATIONS; LATENCY; FIELDS; RAT AB It has not been clear whether or not early information processing in the human auditory cortex is altered by voluntary movements. We report a movement-related, complex event-related potential consisting of relatively long-lasting amplitude and phase perturbations induced in an ongoing auditory steady-state response (SSR) by brief self-paced finger movements. Our results suggest that processing in the auditory cortex during the first 50-100 ms after stimulus delivery is affected before, during, and after voluntary movements, beginning with a 1- to 2-ms delay in the SSR wave form starting 1-2 s be fore the movement. C1 UNIV KONSTANZ, DEPT PSYCHOL, D-78434 CONSTANCE, GERMANY. RP Makeig, S (reprint author), USN, HLTH SCI CTR, POB 85122, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4819 J9 EXP BRAIN RES JI Exp. Brain Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 110 IS 3 BP 487 EP 492 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VC943 UT WOS:A1996VC94300018 PM 8871108 ER PT J AU Brandt, J Galy, A Luens, K Travis, M Davis, T Lee, K Bruno, E Chen, B Tushinski, R Hoffman, R AF Brandt, J Galy, A Luens, K Travis, M Davis, T Lee, K Bruno, E Chen, B Tushinski, R Hoffman, R TI Maintenance of human hematopoietic stem cells during ex vivo progenitor cell expansion on a porcine endothelial cell line. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SYSTEMIX INC,PALO ALTO,CA. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. RI Galy, Anne/J-4439-2013 OI Galy, Anne/0000-0002-0153-4392 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 24 IS 9 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VC092 UT WOS:A1996VC09200028 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Black, AT Saini, AA Kidwell, WR Lee, KP AF Davis, TA Black, AT Saini, AA Kidwell, WR Lee, KP TI Culture of human CD34+ progenitor cells in conditioned medium from primary procine endothelial cells maintains a primitive and highly proliferative progenitor cell population. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. CELLCO INC,GERMANTOWN,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 24 IS 9 BP 62 EP 62 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VC092 UT WOS:A1996VC09200062 ER PT J AU Coss, HS Hennrikus, WL AF Coss, HS Hennrikus, WL TI Parent satisfaction comparing two bandage materials used during serial casting in infants SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID PLASTER AB Plaster of Paris was compared with semirigid fiberglass casting material during serial casting in 17 infants with clubfoot or rigid metatarsus adductus, Semirigid fiberglass was statistically superior in its durability, convenience, performance, and ease of removal, The average amount of time for home cast removal by the parents was 55 minutes for plaster of Paris and 21 minutes for semirigid fiberglass, Complications such as skin abrasions and cast slip-off were similar for both casting materials. Ninety-four percent of parents strongly preferred semirigid fiberglass rather than plaster of Paris for their child's serial casting. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG & CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 17 IS 8 BP 483 EP 486 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA VC363 UT WOS:A1996VC36300009 PM 8863028 ER PT J AU Richardson, MD Bryant, WR AF Richardson, MD Bryant, WR TI Benthic boundary layer processes in coastal environments: An introduction SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ECKERNFORDE BAY; BALTIC SEA AB This special issue of Geo-Marine Letters ''Benthic Boundary Layer Processes in Coastal Environments includes 20 papers devoted to results of recent near-shore experiments supported by the Coastal Benthic Boundary Layer (CBBL) program. Experiments were conducted in gas-rich muddy sediments of Eckernforde Bay of the Baltic Sea and on relict sandy sediments of the West Florida Sand Sheet. In this introductory paper we present scientific justification for experiments and summarize preliminary results. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT OCEANOG,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP Richardson, MD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MARINE GEOSCI DIV,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 46 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 133 EP 139 DI 10.1007/BF01204500 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000001 ER PT J AU Bennett, RH Hulbert, MH Meyer, MM Lavoie, DM Briggs, KB Lavoie, DL Baerwald, RJ Chiou, WA AF Bennett, RH Hulbert, MH Meyer, MM Lavoie, DM Briggs, KB Lavoie, DL Baerwald, RJ Chiou, WA TI Fundamental response of pore-water pressure to microfabric and permeability characteristics: Eckernforde Bay SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Ambient and dynamic in situ pore pressures were measured, and microfabric was examined in fine-grained, shallow-water sediment in Eckernforde Bay, Germany. In situ permeabilities were calculated from piezometer data. Pore-water pressure decay times in sediments 0.5-1.0 m subbottom are indicative of clayey materials. Shallower sediments, although of similar classical grain size as the deeper sediments, have quicker decay times typical of silly marine sediment. Pore pressure response is a function of the microfabric, porometry, and sediment permeability. Aggregates (composed of fine-grained material, biota, and extracellular polymers) produce large pores and complex microstructure, resulting in effective permeabilities characteristic of silts. C1 USN, RES LAB, MARINE GEOSCI DIV, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. RESOURCE DYNAM, GRAYSLAKE, IL 60030 USA. USN, RES LAB, DIV OCEANOG, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. UNIV NEW ORLEANS, DEPT BIOL, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70148 USA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT MAT SCI, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. NR 16 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 182 EP 188 DI 10.1007/BF01204507 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000008 ER PT J AU Briggs, KB Richardson, MD AF Briggs, KB Richardson, MD TI Variability in in situ shear strength of gassy muds SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BUBBLES; SOILS AB Torque measurements are made by divers with a vane apparatus to a sediment depth of 136 cm in the high-porosity, gassy sediments of Eckernforde Bay. Corrected shear strength values calculated from torque measurements are quite variable in the Eckernforde Bay sediments, varying from less than 0.5 kPa in the top 10 cm of sediment to 4-5 kPa at 136 cm sediment depth. Variability increases markedly below 60 cm sediment depth, probably because of the presence of methane gas bubbles within the sediment fabric. RP Briggs, KB (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV MARINE GEOSCI,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1007/BF01204508 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000009 ER PT J AU Richardson, MD Briggs, KB AF Richardson, MD Briggs, KB TI In situ and laboratory geoacoustic measurements in soft mud and hard-packed sand sediments: Implications for high-frequency acoustic propagation and scattering SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BACKSCATTERING; BOTTOM AB Near-surface sediment geoacoustic and physical properties were measured in gas-rich, muddy sediments of Eckernforde Bay, Baltic Sea, and in hard-packed, sandy sediments of the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Values of compressional and shear wave velocity are much lower in muddy compared to sandy sediments. The spatial and temporal variability of sediment physical and geoacoustic properties and, as a consequence, the scattering and propagation of high-frequency acoustic waves are primarily related to the presence and absence of free methane gas bubbles at the muddy site and to the abundance and distribution of shell material on sandy sediments. RP Richardson, MD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MARINE GEOSCI DIV,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 31 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 196 EP 203 DI 10.1007/BF01204509 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000010 ER PT J AU Holyer, RJ Young, DK Sandidge, JC Briggs, KB AF Holyer, RJ Young, DK Sandidge, JC Briggs, KB TI Sediment density structure derived from textural analysis of cross-sectional X-radiographs SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Two image texture analysis procedures, auto-correlation and binary run length, quantify the scales, orientation, and isotropy of density fluctuations imaged in X-radiographs of sediment cross sections from the Arafura Sea (Australia) and Eckernforde Bay (Germany). Image texture-based results agree with traditional bulk methods in some cases and disagree in others. Advantages of image-based techniques over bulk methods are nonintrusiveness of the approach and the ability to produce more detailed characterizations of the spatial variability present in sediment structure. The image texture-based parameterizations of density structure are interpreted with respect to environmental processes. RP Holyer, RJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 204 EP 211 DI 10.1007/BF01204510 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000011 ER PT J AU Jackson, DR Williams, KL Briggs, KB AF Jackson, DR Williams, KL Briggs, KB TI High-frequency acoustic observations of benthic spatial and temporal variability SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BACKSCATTER; BOTTOM AB A bottom-mounted sonar operating at 40 kHz has been used to measure the variation of bottom acoustic scattering over extended time intervals al two shallow sites as part of the Coastal Benthic Boundary Layer Special Research Project. The acoustic data were analyzed using a correlation method that measures the spatial and temporal dependence of benthic change. The rate of decorrelation was two orders of magnitude more rapid at a sandy site near Panama City, Florida, USA, than at a silty site in Eckernforde Bay, Germany, and both sites were characterized by hot spots or localized regions of activity. C1 USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Jackson, DR (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,COLL OCEAN & FISHERY SCI,APPL PHYS LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. RI williams, kevin/H-2224-2011; OI Jackson, Darrell/0000-0001-8060-2439 NR 6 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 212 EP 218 DI 10.1007/BF01204511 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000012 ER PT J AU Jackson, PD Briggs, KB Flint, RC AF Jackson, PD Briggs, KB Flint, RC TI Evaluation of sediment heterogeneity using microresistivity imaging and X-radiography SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Microresistivity imaging and X-radiography of 3-cm-thick sediment core slabs collected by divers from Eckernforde Bay, Germany, indicate subtle delineations and features created by hydrodynamic and biological processes within the top 20 cm of the sediment. Variations in the images of both techniques are controlled by the physical properties of the sediment. The X-radiographs record attenuation by solids throughout the 3-cm thickness of the sediment slab, while microresistivity images depend on pore water in terms of amount, salinity, and distribution. The microresistivity method is shown to detect layered structures and the presence of shells within the high-porosity sediment. C1 BRITISH GEOL SURVEY,ENGN GEOL & GEOPHYS GRP,NOTTINGHAM NG12 5GG,ENGLAND. USN,RES LAB,SEAFLOOR SCI BRANCH,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 219 EP 225 DI 10.1007/BF01204512 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000013 ER PT J AU Lavoie, DM Lavoie, DL Pittenger, HA Bennett, RH AF Lavoie, DM Lavoie, DL Pittenger, HA Bennett, RH TI Bulk sediment properties interpreted in light of qualitative and quantitative microfabric analysis SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Sediments from Eckernforde Bay, Germany, are characterized by an aggregate and channel microstructure, with channel dimensions about two orders of magnitude larger than interparticle distances within aggregates. Porosity within aggregates as determined by image analysis of transmission electron micrographs was about 12% less than bulk porosity. Illite and smectite formed the bulk of most aggregates, while numerous biogenic particles generally occurred outside or on the periphery of aggregates. Microfabric analysis provides insights into permeability and consolidometer behavior of this sediment, reveals characteristics not apparent from bulk analyses, and may have implications for geochemistry and physical behavior of the sediment. RP Lavoie, DM (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 226 EP 231 DI 10.1007/BF01204513 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000014 ER PT J AU Slowey, NC Bryant, WR Lambert, DN AF Slowey, NC Bryant, WR Lambert, DN TI Comparison of high-resolution seismic profiles and the geoacoustic properties of Eckernforde Bay sediments SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article AB High-resolution seismic profiles of Eckernforde Bay and the adjacent Baltic Sea were collected, and the geoacoustic properties of sediments there were measured. Bulk densities averaged similar to 1.35 g cm(-3) and ranged from similar to 1.2 to similar to 1.7 g cm(-3). Compressional wave velocities in gas-free sediments averaged similar to 1460 m s(-1) and ranged from similar to 1425 to similar to 1555 m s(-1). In nongassy sediments, bulk density variations typically controlled changes of acoustic impedance. Impedance changes were usually too small and closely spaced to be resolved seismically, although, at certain sites, significant impedance changes are far apart enough that they correlate one-to-one with seismic reflectors. Where free gas is present, velocity decreases and wave energy is scattered, causing a prominent seismic reflector. C1 USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Slowey, NC (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT OCEANOG,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 240 EP 248 DI 10.1007/BF01204515 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000016 ER PT J AU Lavoie, D Griffin, SR Grosz, FB AF Lavoie, D Griffin, SR Grosz, FB TI DIAS - A novel technique for measuring in situ shear modulus SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article AB DIAS (duomorph in situ acquisition system) is an alternate technology requiring a single duomorph probe for measuring shear modulus in situ. The duomorph probe is a bending plate device that is vibrated and the resulting deflections measured using strain gauges. The ratio between the unconstrained bending of the duomorph in air and the constrained bending in sediment is a function of the sediment dynamic modulus from which sheer modulus is calculated. This paper describes the theory underlying the DIAS System, the design of the system, the data reduction methods, and results from the initial deployment of the prototype system in Eckernforde Bay. C1 OMNI TECHNOL INC,METAIRIE,LA 70056. RP Lavoie, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 254 EP 260 DI 10.1007/BF01204517 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000018 ER PT J AU Fleischer, P Sawyer, WB Fiedler, H Stender, IH AF Fleischer, P Sawyer, WB Fiedler, H Stender, IH TI Spatial and temporal variability of a coarse-sand anomaly on a sandy inner shelf, northeastern Gulf of Mexico SO GEO-MARINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF; FLORIDA AB A 10-km(2) area of anomalously uniform coarse sand and low relief, in 30 m water depth off Panama City, Florida, USA, exists as a palimpsest hardbottom within the prevailing sand-wave system. Side-scan sonar observations over a ten-year period document the morphologic response of the anomaly to the bottom-wave-current interaction regime. The anomaly and surrounding sand waves remained fixed during this period. Ripples form within the anomaly in response to seasonal storms and decay during quiescent periods. Hurricane response includes minor realignment of sand waves, formation of megaripples, and deposition of a thin mud layer. C1 BUNDESWEHR WASSERSCHALL & GEOPHYS,FORSCH ANSTALT,D-24148 KIEL,GERMANY. RP Fleischer, P (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0276-0460 J9 GEO-MAR LETT JI Geo-Mar. Lett. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 266 EP 272 DI 10.1007/BF01204519 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Geology; Oceanography GA VD810 UT WOS:A1996VD81000020 ER PT J AU Conway, RR Stevens, MH Cardon, JG Zasadil, SE Brown, CM Morrill, JS Mount, GH AF Conway, RR Stevens, MH Cardon, JG Zasadil, SE Brown, CM Morrill, JS Mount, GH TI Satellite measurements of hydroxyl in the mesosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OH; OD AB The global distribution of hydroxyl (OH) in the middle atmosphere was recently measured by the Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation (MAHRSI) on a satellite deployed and retrieved by the space shuttle. During 75 orbits, MAHRSI acquired 1800 daytime limb scans of the OH ultraviolet solar resonance fluorescence intensity. Each limb scan extends over the altitude region from 30 to 90 km and across 10 degrees of latitude between 53 degrees S and 63 degrees N. OH number densities were retrieved using a Twomey regularization scheme constrained by the smoothness of the retrieved profile. Results provide a detailed description of the diurnal variation of mesospheric OH. Midmorning OH densities had a well defined peak of about 6 x 10(6) cm(-3) near 70 km, a broad minimum centered near 64 km, and rose to about 1 x 10(7) cm(-3) at 50 km. This profile is in substantial disagreement with photochemical model predictions [Summers et al., this issue]. The observations are compared with the two previous measurements. C1 COMPUTAT PHYS INC,FAIRFAX,VA 22031. NOAA,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP Conway, RR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Stevens, Michael/0000-0003-1082-8955 NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 16 BP 2093 EP 2096 DI 10.1029/96GL01401 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VA620 UT WOS:A1996VA62000024 ER PT J AU Summers, ME Conway, RR Siskind, DE Bevilacqua, R Strobel, DF Zasadil, S AF Summers, ME Conway, RR Siskind, DE Bevilacqua, R Strobel, DF Zasadil, S TI Mesospheric HOx photochemistry: Constraints from recent satellite measurements of OH and H2O SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OZONE PHOTOCHEMISTRY; MODEL; TRANSPORT; ATMOSPHERE AB We use recent measurements of OH made with the Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation (MAHRSI) along with satellite observations of water vapor abundances, to study odd-hydrogen photochemistry in the mesosphere. The MAHRSI data sampled primarily the morning part of the diurnal variation of OH, and here we focus on one orbit of data that is representative of the MAHRSI observations during the mission. Our approach is to use a photochemical model, with input H2O abundances fixed to observed values, to simulate the diurnal variation of mesospheric HOx species. Models of OH using standard recommended HOx chemical rate coefficients are found to substantially overpredict OH between 50-65 km. Proposed modifications to HOx chemistry that produce lower OH and higher HO2 and O-3, yield better agreement in the lower mesosphere but worsen the agreement at the observed OH peak near similar to 70 km. We find that neither standard HOx chemistry, nor models incorporating proposed HOx modifications, adequately reproduce the observed OH density profile over the entire 50-75 km altitude range for any of the observed early to mid morning local times. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. COMPUTAT PHYS INC,FAIRFAX,VA 23031. RP Summers, ME (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 76415,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 16 BP 2097 EP 2100 DI 10.1029/96GL01400 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VA620 UT WOS:A1996VA62000025 ER PT J AU Tabazadeh, A Toon, OB Gary, BL Bacmeister, JT Schoberl, MR AF Tabazadeh, A Toon, OB Gary, BL Bacmeister, JT Schoberl, MR TI Observational constraints on the formation of Type Ia polar stratospheric clouds SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-FLUCTUATIONS; LIDAR OBSERVATIONS; AEROSOLS AB On January 11, 1989 during AASE I, Type Ia polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) were observed over a vast area in the Arctic. Synoptic scale temperature histories for this flight are obtained using the Goddard trajectory model. Mesoscale temperature fluctuations (MTF) are divided into two major categories of background and lee waves. The statistics of background MTFs are derived from measurements by the microwave temperature profiler aboard the ER-2 aircraft. A forecast model is used to determine the occurrence of lee waves. The MTFs are then superimposed upon the Goddard synoptic scale temperatures. Statistical correlations between temperature histories and Type Ia PSC observations indicate that MTFs can not be solely responsible for the formation of Type Ia PSCs in the stratosphere. Instead, on a synoptic scale, the exposure time of air masses to temperatures below the nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) frost point for similar to 1 day or more should be the main criteria for predicting the occurrence of Type Ia clouds in the stratosphere. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP Tabazadeh, A (reprint author), NASA,AMES RES CTR,MS 245-4,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035, USA. NR 15 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 16 BP 2109 EP 2112 DI 10.1029/96GL01998 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA VA620 UT WOS:A1996VA62000028 ER PT J AU Cull, NJ Waldron, A AF Cull, NJ Waldron, A TI 'Shanghai Document' 'Shankhaiskii Dokument' (1928): Soviet film propaganda and the Shanghai rising of 1927 SO HISTORICAL JOURNAL OF FILM RADIO AND TELEVISION LA English DT Article C1 BROWN UNIV,PROVIDENCE,RI. USN WAR COLL,NEWPORT,RI. RP Cull, NJ (reprint author), UNIV BIRMINGHAM,SCH HISTORY,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0143-9685 J9 HIST J FILM RADIO TV JI Hist. J. Film Radio Telev. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 309 EP 331 DI 10.1080/01439689600260321 PG 23 WC Film, Radio, Television SC Film, Radio & Television GA VT244 UT WOS:A1996VT24400001 ER PT J AU Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR RamMohan, LR AF Vurgaftman, I Meyer, JR RamMohan, LR TI Optimized second-harmonic generation in asymmetric double quantum wells SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL SUSCEPTIBILITIES; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; INTERSUBBAND TRANSITIONS; INTERVALLEY SCATTERING; HOT CARRIERS; GAAS; ABSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; ALGAAS; SEMICONDUCTORS AB We present a theoretical analysis of surface-incidence and waveguide-mode second harmonic generation with detuned intersubband transitions in GaAs-AlGaAs, InGaAs-InAlAs and GaSb-InGaSb-AlGaSb asymmetric double quantum wells, The analysis includes the effects of absorption, saturation, pump depletion, optical carrier heating, mode confinement and competition, and the loss of phase coherence due to waveguide, bulk and resonant intersubband contributions to the refractive index mismatch, Optimal structures have been determined for each material system in both surface-incidence and waveguide-mode geometries, A scheme for maintaining phase matching by incorporation of a separate region with an intersubband transition tuned midway between the first and second harmonic frequencies is analyzed, At 10.6 mu m, the maximum conversion efficiency for the optimized InGaAs-InAlAs waveguide-mode device is approximate to 16% at a pump-beam intensity of 40 MW/cm(2). Furthermore, the same device can be modulated to vanishing second harmonic output power when an electric field of -32 kV/cm is applied. C1 WORCESTER POLYTECH INST,WORCESTER,MA 01609. RP Vurgaftman, I (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Ram-Mohan, Ramdas/C-5167-2012 NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1334 EP 1346 DI 10.1109/3.511546 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA VA814 UT WOS:A1996VA81400009 ER PT J AU Salinas, J Shen, YN Lombardi, F AF Salinas, J Shen, YN Lombardi, F TI A sweeping line approach to interconnect testing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE interconnect testing; routing; sweeping line; layout AB This paper presents a new structural approach for test generation and diagnosis of interconnects (such as wiring networks). The proposed technique is based on computational geometry by considering the physical adjacencies of the nets in the layout. This information is used by a sweeping line technique for generating the test vectors. A realistic fault model in which nets can be bridged only if they are physically adjacent, is proposed. The proposed approach generates a set of initial local vectors for testing all the nets at the inputs. A different set of local Vectors is then, generated by sweeping the layout at every point where two nets may intersect. The set of local vectors is generally sparse. So, a compaction algorithm is proposed for generating the final set. The proposed approach has an execution time of O((p + k) log p) for generating the local tests, where p is the maximum number of segments in the nets and k is the number of possible intersection points. It is proved that the problem of generating the minimum number of test vectors by compaction is NP-complete, but simulation results show that the proposed heuristic criteria are very efficient for a practical application. The extension of the proposed approach to other fault models and to other routing schemes (as applicable to PCB and VLSI) is presented. C1 ACTEL CORP,SUNNYVALE,CA 94086. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP Salinas, J (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEW LONDON,CT 06320, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9340 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 45 IS 8 BP 917 EP 929 DI 10.1109/12.536234 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VG340 UT WOS:A1996VG34000006 ER PT J AU Bruning, AM Kasture, DG Ascher, HE AF Bruning, AM Kasture, DG Ascher, HE TI Absolute vs comparative end-of-life age SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION LA English DT Article AB Conventional insulation statistics typically use test averages of a normal, log normal, or Weibull distribution to compare the quality of different materials or constructions. None of these numbers characterizes an age at end of life with a near 100% reliability, which is necessary to predict when failure occurs. This is a major fundamental and misleading aspect in the manner in which life and age data is reported. The distributed nature of insulation aging and failure requires taking into account the length of samples to report age at end of life. This implies that probability of failure at any time should be reported as a function of cable length. Simply reporting an average probability of failure can endanger human life and have negative economic consequences. This paper shows test data and a method of calculating end of life that provides high reliability operation of aircraft wire that is aging from root-cause stresses. The authors believe this paper treats a major refinement which is essential for realistic prediction of insulation end of life, for instance in the control of reliable operation of aircraft electrical wiring. This technique is now being used in maintenance scheduling of active aircraft and is hoped to influence future revisions of standards. C1 LECTROMECH DESIGN CO,HERNDON,VA. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Bruning, AM (reprint author), LECTROMECH DESIGN CO,HERNDON,VA, USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1070-9878 J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 3 IS 4 BP 567 EP 576 DI 10.1109/94.536737 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA VH366 UT WOS:A1996VH36600013 ER PT J AU Matthews, PJ Berenc, T Schoenfeld, F Feinerman, AD Kang, YW Kustom, R AF Matthews, PJ Berenc, T Schoenfeld, F Feinerman, AD Kang, YW Kustom, R TI Electromagnetic field measurements on a millimeter wave linear accelerator SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB Perturbational field strength measurements suitable for use on a proposed 120-GHz 50-MeV electron linear accelerator are described, The measurements are used to determine the R/Q of the device, where R is the shunt impedance. The perturbation is achieved by the use of hollow metallic cylinders with diameters ranging from 25 to 127 mu m which are approximately 500 mu m long. The cylinders were fabricated by sputtering aluminum through a shadow mask onto silica optical fibers as well as nylon surgical thread, The perturbational ''form factors'' for such a geometry are experimentally determined using a pillbox cavity, The measured values for the form factors are compared to theoretical estimations, which result in simple analytical expressions, The measured form factors are also compared to values calculated from a finite difference model of the perturbing object, The R/Q for various accelerating modes is measured on a 12-GHz model of the 120-GHz structure. Results are compared to predictions from a finite difference model of the accelerating structure. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. BERLINER ELEKTRONENSPEICHERING GESELL SYNCHROTONS,BERLIN,GERMANY. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. RP Matthews, PJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 44 IS 8 BP 1401 EP 1409 DI 10.1109/22.536022 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VC774 UT WOS:A1996VC77400002 ER PT J AU Shneier, M AbdelMottaleb, M AF Shneier, M AbdelMottaleb, M TI Exploiting the JPEG compression scheme for image retrieval SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article DE image retrieval; JPEG; DCT; compressed domain processing; image databases AB We address the problem of retrieving images from a large database using an image as a query. The method is specifically aimed at databases that store images in JPEG format, and works in the compressed domain to create index keys. A key is generated for each image in the database and is matched with the key generated for the query image. The keys are independent of the size of the image. Images that have similar keys are assumed to be similar, but there is no semantic meaning to the similarity. C1 PHILIPS LABS,BRIARCLIFF MANOR,NY 10510. RP Shneier, M (reprint author), OFF NAVAL RES,800 N QUINCY ST,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 11 TC 61 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0162-8828 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 18 IS 8 BP 849 EP 853 DI 10.1109/34.531805 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA VE318 UT WOS:A1996VE31800009 ER PT J AU Wallace, MR Moss, RB Beechman, HJ Grace, CJ Hersh, EM Peterson, E Murphy, R Shepp, DH Siegal, FP Turner, JL Safrin, S Carlo, DJ Levine, AM AF Wallace, MR Moss, RB Beechman, HJ Grace, CJ Hersh, EM Peterson, E Murphy, R Shepp, DH Siegal, FP Turner, JL Safrin, S Carlo, DJ Levine, AM TI Early clinical markers and CD4 percentage in subjects with human immunodeficiency virus infection SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD4 percent; early HIV clinical events; surrogate markers ID ASYMPTOMATIC HIV-INFECTION; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA; AIDS; LYMPHOCYTES; ZIDOVUDINE; IMMUNOGEN; IMPACT; MEN AB In a clinical trial involving asymptomatic, HIV-seropositive subjects treated with either the HIV-1 immunogen (an inactivated, gp120-depleted HIV-1 virus in incomplete Freund's adjuvant) or an adjuvant control, we examined the relationship between changes in the percentage of CD4 cells over time and early clinical markers of HIV disease progression. Subjects who had an early clinical event were more likely to have a greater decline in the percentage of CD4 cells than those subjects who did not have a clinical event (p = 0.054). The greatest decline in CD4 percentage occurred within 10 weeks prior to a clinical event (mean 11% decrease from baseline). Subjects from the quartile with the greatest decline in CD4 percentage had a fivefold greater risk of having a clinical event than subjects from the quartile with the second largest decline (p = 0.045). These results demonstrate a relationship between changes in the percentage of CD4 cells and early clinical events. Further validation of this association may be useful in clinical monitoring and in evaluating therapies to treat HIV infection. C1 IMMUNE RESPONSE CORP,CARLSBAD,CA 92008. USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. VERMONT REG CANC CTR,TUCSON,AZ. ARIZONA CANC CTR,TUCSON,AZ. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCH MED,CHICAGO,IL. N SHORE UNIV HOSP,MANHASSET,NY. LONG ISL JEWISH MED CTR,NEW HYDE PK,NY 11042. GRAD HOSP PHILADELPHIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO GEN HOSP,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. USC,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. OI Murphy, Robert/0000-0003-3936-2052 NR 19 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 358 EP 362 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA UY965 UT WOS:A1996UY96500005 PM 8673544 ER PT J AU Friedman, M AF Friedman, M TI Propagation of an intense relativistic electron beam in an annular channel SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The propagation of an annular intense relativistic electron beam inside a cylindrical drift tube is affected by many factors such as external magnetic field, drift tube geometry, the beam self electric and magnetic fields, etc. It is shown, experimentally and theoretically, that the deleterious influence of the self-fields on the electron flow can be reduced when part of the beam return current is allowed to flow on a grounded conductor that is inserted coaxially within the beam. The improvement manifested itself by reducing the axial magnetic field needed to confine the electron beam or alternately by lowering the electron transverse velocities. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 3 BP 1263 EP 1267 DI 10.1063/1.362976 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VA594 UT WOS:A1996VA59400001 ER PT J AU Mar, DJ Carroll, TL Pecora, LM Heagy, JF Rachford, FJ AF Mar, DJ Carroll, TL Pecora, LM Heagy, JF Rachford, FJ TI Dual driving of magnetostatic modes in yttrium-iron-garnet film experiments SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID POWER FERROMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CHAOS; INSTABILITY; EXCITATION AB We study experimentally the behavior of magnetostatic wave modes in a rectangular yttrium-iron-garnet film placed in an in-plane magnetic field and subject to multiple drive excitations. Patterned slotlines and coplanar waveguides are used to drive the film with microwave (2-4 GHz) excitations corresponding to magnetostatic wave modes. For a single drive, we observe linear transmission at low drive powers and saturation above the Suhl instability. For sufficiently powers above the instability, the transmitted pourer through the film displays periodic low-frequency (kHz) auto-oscillations. A second microwave drive applied to the sample is used to excite additional spin-wave modes that interact with those arising from the original excitation. Such dual-drive experiments can probe the nature of spin-wave mode interactions at high amplitudes. RP Mar, DJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,MAT PHYS BRANCH,CODE 6340,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Carroll, Thomas/0000-0002-2371-2049 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 3 BP 1878 EP 1882 DI 10.1063/1.363001 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VA594 UT WOS:A1996VA59400092 ER PT J AU Inzana, CM Driskell, JE Salas, E Johnston, JH AF Inzana, CM Driskell, JE Salas, E Johnston, JH TI Effects of preparatory information on enhancing performance under stress SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DECISION-MAKING; SELF-EFFICACY; COPING STYLE; STRATEGIES; ANXIETY AB Research conducted largely in medical and clinical settings suggests that receiving preparatory information prior to a stressful event can reduce negative responses to stress. Although results within this domain have been promising, little research has examined the efficacy of preparatory information on enhancing performance in a more applied task environment. This study examined the effect of preparatory information on reducing stress reactions and enhancing performance on a realistic decision-making task. Results indicated that those who received preparatory information prior to performing under high-stress conditions reported less anxiety, were more confident in their ability to perform the task, and made fewer performance errors than those who received no preparatory information. C1 FLORIDA MAXIMA CORP,WINTER PK,FL 32789. USN,AIR WARFARE CTR TRAINING SYST DIV,ORLANDO,FL. NR 30 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0021-9010 J9 J APPL PSYCHOL JI J. Appl. Psychol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 81 IS 4 BP 429 EP 435 DI 10.1037/0021-9010.81.4.429 PG 7 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA VD783 UT WOS:A1996VD78300009 PM 8751456 ER PT J AU LeClair, SJ Funk, KJ Goff, DR AF LeClair, SJ Funk, KJ Goff, DR TI Cor triatriatum presenting as postcesarean section pulmonary edema SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article DE cor triatriatum; pulmonary edema; postcaesarean pulmonary edema; congenital heart disease ID DOPPLER; DIAGNOSIS; ADULT C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP LeClair, SJ (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 1053-0770 J9 J CARDIOTHOR VASC AN JI J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 10 IS 5 BP 638 EP 639 DI 10.1016/S1053-0770(96)80143-1 PG 2 WC Anesthesiology; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Anesthesiology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA VA022 UT WOS:A1996VA02200014 PM 8841873 ER PT J AU Campbell, ML AF Campbell, ML TI A systematic method for determining molecular term symbols for diatomic molecules using uncoupled-states orbital diagrams SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article RP Campbell, ML (reprint author), USN ACAD, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21402 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 73 IS 8 BP 749 EP 751 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA VA561 UT WOS:A1996VA56100024 ER PT J AU Schrier, RD Wiley, CA Spina, C McCutchan, JA Grant, I AF Schrier, RD Wiley, CA Spina, C McCutchan, JA Grant, I TI Pathogenic and protective correlates of T cell proliferation in AIDS SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE HIV; CD4 T cell proliferation human; T cell activation; immune response ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; IMMUNE-DEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; TOXIC LYMPHOCYTES-T; IMMUNOGENIC PEPTIDES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; SEVERE MALARIA; INFECTION; INDIVIDUALS AB To investigate the association of antigen specific CD4 T cell activation with HIV disease progression and AIDS-related central nervous system damage, T cell proliferation responses to HIV, CMV, and HSV were evaluated in infected individuals. CD4 T cell loss and neurocognitive impairment were assessed at 6-mo intervals. Individuals with known times of seroconversion who responded to more HIV peptides were at greater risk of progressing to <200 CD4 T cells (P=0.04) and dying (P=0.03) than those with responses to fewer peptides. A positive correlation (0.52) was seen between the breadth of the HIV proliferation response and HIV plasma RNA levels. Higher proliferation responses to CMV and HSV were also associated with more rapid CD4 loss (P=0.05). HLA phenotyped individuals (n=150) with two HLA-DR alleles associated with response to more HIV peptides and CMV (DR-2,5,w6,10) were less likely to develop neurocognitive (P=0.002) and neurologic impairment (P=0.04), but were not protected from CD4 loss and death. Thus, the ability to generate a greater T cell proliferation response to HIV and opportunistic herpes viruses may lead to resistance to central nervous system damage, but also risk of more rapid HIV disease progression. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT MED, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT PSYCHIAT, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. UNIV PITTSBURGH, DEPT PATHOL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, HIV NEUROBEHAV RES CTR, NAVAL HOSP, SAN DIEGO, CA 92093 USA. VET ADM MED CTR, SAN DIEGO, CA 92093 USA. RP Schrier, RD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT PATHOL, MC 8416, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. FU CSAP SAMHSA HHS [SP50 MH 45294]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI 36214]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH46790] NR 60 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 98 IS 3 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1172/JCI118845 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA VB698 UT WOS:A1996VB69800019 PM 8698865 ER PT J AU Jordan, SA Ragab, SA AF Jordan, SA Ragab, SA TI An efficient fractional-step technique for unsteady incompressible flows using a semi-staggered grid strategy SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; CAVITY C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT ENGN SCI & MECH,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP Jordan, SA (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,CODE 8322,BLDG 1246,NEWPORT,RI 02882, USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 127 IS 1 BP 218 EP 225 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0170 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA VB430 UT WOS:A1996VB43000018 ER PT J AU Meyer, JR Hoffman, CA Bartoli, FJ Antoszewski, J Faraone, L Tobin, SP Norton, PW Ard, CK Reese, DJ Colombo, L Liao, PK AF Meyer, JR Hoffman, CA Bartoli, FJ Antoszewski, J Faraone, L Tobin, SP Norton, PW Ard, CK Reese, DJ Colombo, L Liao, PK TI Advanced magneto-transport characterization of LPE-Grown Hg1-xCdxTe by quantitative mobility spectrum analysis SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of Mercury Cadmium Telluride and Other IR Materials CY OCT 10-12, 1995 CL BALTIMORE, MD DE hall measurements; HgCdTe; magneto-transport measurement ID MAGNETOTRANSPORT CHARACTERIZATION AB We report the development, optimization, and testing of an advanced quantitative mobility spectrum analysis (QMSA) technique for determining free electron and hole densities and mobilities from field-dependent Hall and resistivity data. Application to temperature-dependent data for a series of 25 LPE-grown n-type and p-type Hg1-xCdxTe samples confirms that the fully automated procedure yields accurate and reliable results for all classes of samples, and also has greater sensitivity to minority carrier concentrations than previous mixed-conduction analysis methods. The QMSA is found to be a suitable standard tool for the routine electrical characterization of semiconductor materials and devices. C1 UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA,NEDLANDS,WA 6009,AUSTRALIA. LORAL INFRARED & IMAGING SYST,LEXINGTON,MA 02173. II VI INC,SAXONBURG,PA 16056. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC,DALLAS,TX 75265. RP Meyer, JR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5610,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1157 EP 1164 DI 10.1007/BF02655002 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VC702 UT WOS:A1996VC70200006 ER PT J AU Moos, HL Bramwell, JD Roahen, JO AF Moos, HL Bramwell, JD Roahen, JO TI A comparison of pulpectomy alone versus pulpectomy with trephination for the relief of pain SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID SCALES AB Patients who when initially seen have pain of endodontic origin have a higher incidence of posttreatment pain than those who are pain-free pretreatment. The purpose of this study was to compare two methods of treatment-pulpectomy alone or pulpectomy with trephination-for the reduction of posttreatment pain in patients presenting with acute periradicular pain of pulpal origin. Seventeen patients with pretreatment pain were studied. Eleven received a pulpectomy to the radiographically determined working length. Six patients received a pulpectomy and trephination using a #4 round bur through a vertical incision. Visual analog scales were used preoperatively to measure pain intensity and unpleasantness, and postoperatively to measure intensity, unpleasantness, and pain relief at 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Analysis of preoperative data showed no difference between control and experimental groups. Posttreatment, at 4 h, the trephination group reported significantly move pain intensity and unpleasantness and less pain relief than the control group. Pulpectomy alone provided significantly better postoperative pain relief at 4 h compared with pulpectomy with trephination. At no time interval did the trephination group have less pain than the group without trephination. C1 USN,SCH DENT,ENDODONT DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 22 IS 8 BP 422 EP 425 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80244-5 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VA562 UT WOS:A1996VA56200008 PM 8941752 ER PT J AU Zhang, JK Morrison, TK Falk, MC Kang, YH Lee, CH AF Zhang, JK Morrison, TK Falk, MC Kang, YH Lee, CH TI Characterization of the binding of soluble CD14 to human endothelial cells and mechanism for CD14-dependent cell activation by LPS SO JOURNAL OF ENDOTOXIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED HUMAN MONOCYTES; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE LPS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANTIGEN CD14; MEMBRANE; RECEPTOR; PROTEIN; FORMS; EXPRESSION AB The binding of soluble CD14 (sCD14) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was examined in order to understand the role of CD14 in potentiating LPS activity. Both purified sCD14 and [I-125]-sCD14 potentiated LPS-stimulated ICAM-1 expression in HUVEC. This potentiation was blocked by anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 63D3, UCHM-1 and RM052. Saturation binding assay revealed that [I-125]-sCD14 bound to HUVEC with a ligand-acceptor dissociation constant of 290 nM. The binding of [I-125]-sCD14 was inhibited by sCD14 with a sCD14-acceptor dissociation constant of 24 nM. The density of CD14 accepters was estimated to be 4-8 x 10(5) sites per cell. The [I-125]-sCD14 binding was inhibited by anti-human CD14 mAbs UCHM-1 and RM052 but not 63D3. The bound [I-125]-sCD14 could be washed off by acid buffer, pH 3.0, and its localization on the cell membrane was confirmed by light microscopic autoradiography. Based on the previously published description of LPS-sCD14 interactions and our observation that anti-CD14 mAbs inhibiting sCD14-acceptor binding also blocked the potentiation of LPS activity by sCD14, we propose that bridging or crosslinking between the putative LPS-receptor complex with the sCD14-acceptor complex via LPS-sCD14 interactions is the mechanism of CD14-dependent activation of endothelial cells (EC) by LPS. Re-examination of the published data suggests that this mechanism is a universal one for EC, leukocytes and lymphocytes. C1 USN,MED RES INST,SEPT SHOCK RES PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. USN,MED RES INST,PATHOBIOL BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND EH1 3AF SN 0968-0519 J9 J ENDOTOXIN RES JI J. Endoxtin Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 3 IS 4 BP 307 EP 315 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA VK701 UT WOS:A1996VK70100004 ER PT J AU Tai, XG Yashiro, Y Abe, R Toyooka, K Wood, CR Morris, J Long, A Ono, S Kobayashi, M Hamaoka, T Neben, S Fujiwara, H AF Tai, XG Yashiro, Y Abe, R Toyooka, K Wood, CR Morris, J Long, A Ono, S Kobayashi, M Hamaoka, T Neben, S Fujiwara, H TI A role for CD9 molecules in T cell activation SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMEMBRANE-4 SUPERFAMILY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; COSTIMULATORY SIGNAL; CD28-DEFICIENT MICE; LYMPHOCYTES-T; ANTIGEN; CD28; RECEPTOR; FAMILY; REQUIREMENTS AB Costimulation mediated by the CD28 molecule plays an important role in optimal activation oi T cells. However, CD28-deficient mice call mount effective T cell-dependent immune responses, suggesting the existence of other costimulatory systems. In a search for other costimulatory molecules on T cells, we have developed a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that call costimulate T cells in the absence of antigen-presenting cells (APC). The molecule recognized by this mAb, 9D3, was found to be expressed on almost all mature T cells and to be a protein of similar to 24 kD molecular mass. By expression cloning, this molecule was identified as CD9. 9D3 (anti-CD9) synergized with suboptimal doses of anti-CD3 mAb in inducing proliferation by virgin T cells. Costimulation was induced by independent ligation of CD3 and CD9, suggesting that colocalization of these two molecules is not required for T cell activation. The costimulation by anti-CD9 was as potent as that by anti-CD28. Moreover, anti-CD9 costimulated in a CD28-independent way because anti-CD9 equally costimulated T cells from the CD28-deficient as well as wild-type mice. Thus, these results indicate that CD9 serves as a molecule on T cells that can deliver a potent CD28-independent costimulatory signal. C1 OSAKA UNIV,SCH MED,CTR BIOMED RES,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. GENET INST INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02140. NR 31 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1007 J9 J EXP MED JI J. Exp. Med. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 184 IS 2 BP 753 EP 758 DI 10.1084/jem.184.2.753 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VC337 UT WOS:A1996VC33700048 PM 8760830 ER PT J AU Wallace, MR Chamberlin, CJ Sawyer, MH Arvin, AM Harkins, J LaRocco, A Colopy, MW Bowler, WA Oldfield, EC AF Wallace, MR Chamberlin, CJ Sawyer, MH Arvin, AM Harkins, J LaRocco, A Colopy, MW Bowler, WA Oldfield, EC TI Treatment of adult varicella with sorivudine: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ZOSTER VIRUS; ACYCLOVIR TREATMENT; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; CHICKENPOX; DNA; MANIFESTATIONS; IMMUNIZATION AB The antiviral and clinical efficacy of sorivudine in adults with varicella was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. A total of 186 patients were hospitalized for isolation and treatment within 96 h of rash onset. The diagnosis of varicella was confirmed in 184 patients with paired sera. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 10 or 40 mg of sorivudine or an identical placebo once a day for 5 days. Treatment with 40 mg of sorivudine (compared with placebo) shortened the mean time to 100% crusting from 6.6 to 5.8 days (P = .004) and reduced the mean days that new lesion formed from 3.9 to 3.1 (P = .014). Mean days of cutaneous viral shedding were reduced from 3.3 in the placebo group to 2.6 in the 40-mg sorivudine group (P = .002). The effectiveness of therapy was not affected by the duration of rash before initiation of therapy. Sorivudine is a promising new agent for the treatment of varicella-zoster virus infections. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,WALLINGFORD,CT. RP Wallace, MR (reprint author), USN MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 174 IS 2 BP 249 EP 255 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA UZ093 UT WOS:A1996UZ09300001 PM 8699051 ER PT J AU Marshall, WJ Aldrich, RC Zimmerman, SA AF Marshall, WJ Aldrich, RC Zimmerman, SA TI Laser hazard evaluation method for middle infrared laser systems SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE laser; laser safety; laser safety standard; optical hazards; maximum permissible exposure; eye-safe laser AB Hazard evaluation methods for lasers, with wavelengths greater than 1.4 mu m (mostly in the middle infrared), have changed significantly in the current version of the American National Standard for the Safe Use of Lasers, ANSI 2136.1-1993. A correct evaluation involves comparing the hazard potential based on two evaluation models; one based on individual pulses and the other based on an equivalent continuous-wave exposure. An example of the hazard evaluation method within this spectral region is provided. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,DAHLGREN,VA 22448. RP Marshall, WJ (reprint author), USA,CTR HLTH PROMOT & PREVENT MED,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010, USA. NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU LASER INST AMER PI ORLANDO PA 12424 RESEARCH PARKWAY SUITE 125, ORLANDO, FL 32826 SN 1042-346X J9 J LASER APPL JI J. Laser Appl. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 8 IS 4 BP 211 EP 216 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics GA VA291 UT WOS:A1996VA29100008 PM 10160063 ER PT J AU Mirov, SB Dergachev, AY Sibley, WA Esterowitz, L Basiev, TT Sigachev, VB Papashvili, AG AF Mirov, SB Dergachev, AY Sibley, WA Esterowitz, L Basiev, TT Sigachev, VB Papashvili, AG TI Photoluminescence studies in Sc:CaF2 and Sc,Ce:CaF2 crystals SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article DE spectroscopy; luminescence; solid state laser materials AB Stokes and anti-Stokes W-visible luminescence was investigated in gamma-irradiated Sc and Sc-Ce doped CaF2 crystals. Wideband Stokes luminescence under laser or CW lamp excitation was measured: (1) at 380 nm (luminescence decay time tau similar to 17 mu S) in Sc:CaF2 and Sc,Ce:CaF2 crystals, attributed to SC2+ ions and (2) at 300 nm (tau similar to 40 ns) in Sc,Ce:CaF2 crystals, due to Sc-Ce aggregate centers. Anti-Stokes luminescence in the 250-350 nm spectral range with a 1 mu s lifetime can be explained by exciton luminescence. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PHYS,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST GEN PHYS,MOSCOW 117924,RUSSIA. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 69 IS 1 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.1016/0022-2313(96)00083-X PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA VE593 UT WOS:A1996VE59300004 ER PT J AU Edgar, JH Carosella, CA Eddy, CR Smith, DT AF Edgar, JH Carosella, CA Eddy, CR Smith, DT TI Effect of beam voltage on the properties of aluminium nitride prepared by ion beam assisted deposition SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID ALN THIN-FILMS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; PRESSURE; AIN; SI(111); STRESS AB The effects of nitrogen-beam voltage on the structure, stress, energy band gap and hard ness of AIN thin films deposited on Si (111), Si (100) and sapphire (0001) by ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) are reported. As the nitrogen-beam voltage was increased from 50 to 200 V, the stress and disorder in the AIN films increased as determined by X-ray diffraction, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The preferred orientation of the film's c-axis changed from completely normal to the film at 100 V, to a mixture of normal and in the plane of the film at 200 V. For AIN films deposited under the same conditions, the films were more highly oriented on sapphire (0001) than in Si (111). The hardness of the films increased from 18.2 to 23.7 GPa with the nitrogen-beam voltage, and possible reasons for this change in hardness are considered. C1 NIST,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP Edgar, JH (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6671,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Smith, Douglas/I-4403-2016 OI Smith, Douglas/0000-0002-9358-3449 NR 30 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0957-4522 J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 247 EP 253 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA VB329 UT WOS:A1996VB32900001 ER PT J AU Ngai, KL AF Ngai, KL TI A review of critical experimental facts in electrical relaxation and ionic diffusion in ionically conducting glasses and melts SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th University Conference on Glass Science - Optical and Electrical Properties of Glasses CY AUG 09-11, 1995 CL RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST, TROY, NY SP Amer Ceram Soc, Asahi Glass Fdn, Corning Inc, Heraeus Amersil Inc, Hoya Corp, Natl Sci Fdn, Nippon Elect Glass Co, Nippon Sheet Glass Co, USN, Off Naval Res, Schott Glass Technol Inc HO RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST ID NUCLEAR-SPIN RELAXATION; ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ALKALI SILICATE-GLASSES; LITHIUM BORATE GLASSES; NA BETA-ALUMINA; AC-CONDUCTIVITY; OXIDE GLASSES; LATTICE-RELAXATION; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION AB Rapid progress has been made in the last decade in the area of the fundamental mechanisms of electrical relaxation and ionic transport in ionically conducting glasses. Many new experimental findings and computer simulations have become available during this period. These more recent developments should not be viewed as overshadowing the importance of earlier works. Instead, many earlier works, having laid the foundation and paved the way for the recent developments, are of immense importance. The phenomenologies that have been firmly established and the critical experimental facts which have been found will be the subjects of this review. One purpose of this work is to promote interest and debate among workers in this field. Hopefully, this will lead to some consensus among workers in the field on a list of critical experimental facts. For theories proposed in the future, these critical experimental facts can be employed collectively as an acid test of whether the theory is viable. RP Ngai, KL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 156 TC 138 Z9 138 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD AUG PY 1996 VL 203 BP 232 EP 245 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(96)00485-1 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA VL859 UT WOS:A1996VL85900037 ER PT J AU Dexter, RJ Ricles, JM Lu, LW Pang, AAK Beach, JE AF Dexter, RJ Ricles, JM Lu, LW Pang, AAK Beach, JE TI Full-scale experiments and analyses of cellular hull sections in compression SO JOURNAL OF OFFSHORE MECHANICS AND ARCTIC ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB Compression tests were conducted on high-strength single-cell and multiple-cell box sections with plate width-to-thickness (b/t) ratios ranging from 48 to 96. Local plate buckling occurred at stresses as low as 5 percent of the yield stress, whereas the ultimate compression stress ranged from 38 to 72 percent of the yield stress. These critical stresses were not significantly affected by the length of the specimen, the number of cells, the boundary conditions, or lateral load. Simple empirical design equations based only on b/t gave estimates of the collapse strength within five percent in all cases. Finite-element analyses were able to predict the significant reserve load-carrying capacity and ductility after ultimate load, which was dependent on the length of the specimen as well as the b/t ratio. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SURFACE SHIP STRUCT DIV,CARDEROCK,MD 20084. RP Dexter, RJ (reprint author), LEHIGH UNIV,CTR ADV TECHNOL LARGE STRUCT SYST,117 ATLSS DR,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0892-7219 J9 J OFFSHORE MECH ARCT JI J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 232 EP 237 DI 10.1115/1.2828839 PG 6 WC Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA VE419 UT WOS:A1996VE41900010 ER PT J AU Pastuovic, MN Cohen, ME Burton, RG AF Pastuovic, MN Cohen, ME Burton, RG TI Propofol: An alternative general anesthetic for outpatient oral surgery SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article AB Purpose: This study compared propofol with methohexital for use in outpatient general anesthesia for oral surgery procedures. Patients and Methods: Fifty American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) class I or II patients undergoing elective minor oral surgery procedures were selected for inclusion in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups-propofol-treated and methohexital-treated. All anesthetic agents were titrated in bolus using dosages standardized by weight, After premedication with intravenous midazolam and fentanyl, general anesthesia was induced either by propofol or methohexital. The quality of the anesthesia was subjectively evaluated by the anesthetist, surgeon, and the patient. Also, a standardized battery of tests was developed to quantitatively evaluate recovery from anesthesia. Results, Propofol showed significantly less percentage increase in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate than methohexital, However, at the same time, propofol showed significantly greater percentage lowering of diastolic blood pressure. The mean low heart rate percentage of preoperative baseline were different, but both were greater than 100%, The anesthetist and patient evaluations showed no statistically significant difference in the acceptance of either agent, No patient in either group had any recollection of pain with induction or any recollection of the operation itself, There were no statistically significant effects of group in recovery test performance, although patients tended to recover more quickly in the symbol digit test and object recall test with propofol, No patient complained of any postoperative complications secondary to the anesthetic, Conclusions: Propofol is a suitable agent for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia for outpatient oral surgery procedures. It provides a smooth induction of anesthesia with few excitatory effects. C1 USN HOSP,GREAT LAKES,IL. USN,DENT RES INST,GREAT LAKES,IL. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 54 IS 8 BP 943 EP 948 DI 10.1016/S0278-2391(96)90387-0 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VC593 UT WOS:A1996VC59300003 PM 8765382 ER PT J AU Raszka, WV Moriarty, RA Ottolini, MG Waecker, NJ Ascher, DP Cieslak, TJ Fischer, GW Robb, ML AF Raszka, WV Moriarty, RA Ottolini, MG Waecker, NJ Ascher, DP Cieslak, TJ Fischer, GW Robb, ML TI Delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing in human immunodeficiency virus-infected pediatric patients SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN LEVEL; CHILDREN; PROGRESSION; PROGNOSIS; DISEASE; ANERGY; MEN AB Objective: To evaluate whether pediatric patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can mount appropriate delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin responses to recall antigens and whether these responses can be correlated with clinical or immunologic parameters. Design: Prospective evaluation of DTH responses in HIV-infected children. Uninfected children born to HIV-infected mothers served as control subjects. Antigens used for yearly DTH testing included Candida albicans (1:100, 1:10); mumps virus; Trichophyton; purified protein derivative of tuberculin; and tetanus toroid (1:100, 1:10). At the time of each DTH test, patients were staged according to two Centers for Disease Control and Prevention pediatric HIV classification systems, and T-cell subsets were obtained. Results: Twenty-seven HIV-infected patients with a median age at entry of 74.1 (range, 12 to 156) months were followed. Forty-four DTH skin tests in 21 symptom-free HIV-infected patients (Pt) and 18 tests in 10 HIV-infected patients with symptoms (P2), as well as 43 DTH skin tests in 18 patients who had either mild or moderate clinical symptoms or immunosuppression and 19 tests in 13 patients with severe symptoms or immunosuppression, were evaluated. Sixteen DTH skin tests were performed in 14 uninfected patients. HIV-infected patients tended to have fewer DTH responses to antigens and of smaller size than did uninfected patients. When controlled for age, few differences in DTH responsiveness were seen between HIV-infected and uninfected patients. Anergy was associated with symptomatic disease, evidence of advanced clinical or immunologic disease, and low CD4(+) percentages (p < 0.05). Conclusions: HIV-infected children are able to mount antigen-specific cell-mediated immune responses that are qualitatively similar to those of age-matched control subjects. Loss of DTH responsiveness correlates with both clinical and immunologic evidence of HIV disease progression. C1 NATL NAVAL MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, BETHESDA, MD USA. USN, MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, SAN DIEGO, CA 92152 USA. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR, DEPT PEDIAT, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78236 USA. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES, DIV RETROVIRAL RES, ROCKVILLE, MD USA. RP Raszka, WV (reprint author), UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI, DEPT PEDIAT, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 129 IS 2 BP 245 EP 250 DI 10.1016/S0022-3476(96)70249-4 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA VK797 UT WOS:A1996VK79700010 PM 8765622 ER PT J AU Alexander, DCC Martin, JC King, PJ Powell, JR Caves, J Cohen, ME AF Alexander, DCC Martin, JC King, PJ Powell, JR Caves, J Cohen, ME TI Interleukin-1 beta, prostaglandin E(2), and immunoglobulin G subclasses in gingival crevicular fluid in patients undergoing periodontal therapy SO JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE interleukin 1 beta; prostaglandin E(2); immunoglobulins, gingival crevicular fluid chemistry; periodontal diseases/therapy ID TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; ALVEOLAR BONE-RESORPTION; FLURBIPROFEN TREATMENT; IGG SUBCLASSES; HOST RESPONSE; FILTER-PAPER; DISEASE; BEAGLES; TISSUE; SECRETION AB DETERMINATION OF THE PRESENCE OF INFLAMMATORY PRODUCTS found in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) may be of value in evaluating both periodontal disease status and the outcome of therapy. Immunoglobulin G subclasses 1 through 4 (IgGs), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1 beta), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) have all been shown to be present in GCE This study monitored IgGs, IL-1 beta, and PGE(2) in GCF of 18 adult patients as they progressed through periodontal treatment toward maintenance therapy. Sites were selected from the most severely affected sextant as determined by probeable crevice depth (PD) at initial examination (IE). GCF was collected on four occasions: initial examination; 4 weeks after completion of initial therapy (oral hygiene counseling, and scaling and root planing); 3 months after completion of surgery; and 7 to 9 months later at a maintenance visit. All variables were reduced to binary form (positive or negative), and break points chosen to separate the approximately symmetrical bell-shaped areas (negatives) from the skewed tails (positives). Repeated measures analyses of variance were performed to detect significant changes in all variables across time. Significant improvements were observed for all the clinical variables measured: PD, attachment level, and bleeding on probing. However, significant reductions for the GCF components only occurred in the concentrations of IL-1 beta and PGE(2), but were not evident until the maintenance sampling. Surprisingly, GCF:serum ratios of IgG subclasses did not change significantly over the course of the investigation. The robustness of the levels of these components may be due to inflammation associated with the healing process, or to a further plaque induced response. C1 USN, DENT RES INST, BETHESDA DETACHMENT, BETHESDA, MD USA. USN, SCH DENT, DEPT PERIODONT, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA. UNILEVER RES, COLWORTH LAB, BIOSCI DIV, SHARNBROOK MK44 1LQ, BEDS, ENGLAND. USN, DENT RES INST, GREAT LAKES, IL USA. NR 51 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PERIODONTOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 737 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE, SUITE 800, CHICAGO, IL 60611-2690 SN 0022-3492 J9 J PERIODONTOL JI J. Periodont. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 67 IS 8 BP 755 EP 762 PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA VD788 UT WOS:A1996VD78800005 PM 8866314 ER PT J AU Clendennen, SK Zimmerman, RC Powers, DA Alberte, RS AF Clendennen, SK Zimmerman, RC Powers, DA Alberte, RS TI Photosynthetic response of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (phaeophyceae) to ultraviolet radiation SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fucoxanthin; light harvesting; Macrocystis pyrifera; Phaeophyta; photosynthesis; photosystem II reaction centers; UV ID CHLOROPHYLL-PROTEIN COMPLEXES; II REACTION CENTER; DIATOM PHAEODACTYLUM-TRICORNUTUM; UV-B RADIATION; MARINE DIATOM; OZONE DEPLETION; BROWN ALGA; DICTYOTA-DICHOTOMA; PHYTOPLANKTON; GROWTH AB Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVA + UVB) impairs photosynthesis in marine algae. Canopy blades of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera (L.) C. Agardh are exposed to high levels of solar UV in the field. To determine the effects of UV radiation on photosynthesis in the giant kelp and to identify sites of UV damage, O-2 evolution, reaction center organization, light harvesting, and energy transfer efficiency were measured in canopy blades that had been exposed to elevated levels of UV in the laboratory. UV treatment reduced both the light-saturated rate and the light-limited rate of photosynthesis by 50% but produced no significant change in the rate of dark respiration. A significant impairment of photosystem II (PSII) reaction center function was observed, suggesting the PSII is a major site of damage in chromophytes. Reduced quantum efficiency of photosynthesis and loss of energy transfer from light-harvesting pigments (fucoxanthin, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll c) to PSII indicate that the major light-harvesting complex of M. pyrifera, the fucoxanthin-chlorophyll protein complex (FCPC), was another site of UV damage. These measures provide the first evidence of a direct effect of UV radiation on specific sites in the photosynthetic apparatus of chromophytes and indicate that in situ fluorescence excitation analysis may be a simple means to detect UV stress in algae. C1 STANFORD UNIV, HOPKINS MARINE STN, PACIFIC GROVE, CA 93950 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT BIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. OFF NAVAL RES, BIOL SCI & TECHNOL PROGRAM, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. NR 52 TC 28 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-3646 J9 J PHYCOL JI J. Phycol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 614 EP 620 DI 10.1111/j.0022-3646.1996.00614.x PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA VD568 UT WOS:A1996VD56800016 ER PT J AU Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN AF Kresin, VZ Wolf, SA Ovchinnikov, YN TI Pair breaking, ''intrinsic'' T-c, and the upper limit of T-c in the cuprates SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article DE pair breaking; magnetic impurities; upper limit of T-c ID CRITICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; RESISTIVE TRANSITION; PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; COPPER OXIDES; THIN-FILMS; TL2BA2CUO6+DELTA; TEMPERATURE; HEAT AB The presence of magnetic impurities leads to a drastic decrease in T-c in the overdoped region, gaplessness, and the usual temperature dependence of H-c2. The magnetic moments are localized on the apical oxygen site, and this allows us to explain the increase in T-c with the increase in the number of Cu-O planes in the unit cell. Applied pressure can raise T-c above the usual value at optimum doping, toward the "intrinsic" T-c. The cuprates as a class of compounds have an upper limit of T-c in the range T-c,T-upp = 160-170 K. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 11733V, RUSSIA. RP Kresin, VZ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 38 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 431 EP 435 DI 10.1007/BF00727290 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VK551 UT WOS:A1996VK55100017 ER PT J AU Makris, NC AF Makris, NC TI The effect of saturated transmission scintillation on ocean acoustic intensity measurements SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID STATISTICS AB Coherence theory is used to analyze the statistical properties of ocean-acoustic intensity fluctuations measured after saturated multipath propagation. Previous analyses in this area have been implicitly limited to certain special cases for which the time-bandwidth product of the field received from a given source is unity. In this paper, the statistical description is extended and generalized to be a function of measurement time and temporal coherence. As a result, the well known 5.6-dB transmission loss (TL) standard deviation of Dyer is found to be a special case of a more general TL standard deviation that approximates 4.34 sqrt(1/mu) dB when the time-bandwidth product mu is large. Therefore, the TL standard deviation approaches zero for increasing mu, as it must in the deterministic limit of an arbitrarily large sample size. A similar generalization is obtained for the TL mean, from which it is found that the sonar equation must be corrected for a mu-dependent bias that vanishes in the deterministic limit of large mu. Additionally, asymptotic analysis shows that intensity statistics in the saturated region converge to a log-normal distribution, where mu>4 is typically sufficient for the log-normal approximation to be made. RP Makris, NC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 38 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 100 IS 2 BP 769 EP 783 DI 10.1121/1.416239 PN 1 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VB166 UT WOS:A1996VB16600010 ER PT J AU Collins, MD Kuperman, WA AF Collins, MD Kuperman, WA TI Overcoming ray chaos - Response SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter AB The comments by Brown and Tappert [J. Acout. Soc. Am 100, 1234-1239 (1996)] are discussed. Their claim that the paper [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95, 3167-3170(1994)] contains ''incorrect and/or unsubstantiated statements'' is shown to be incorrect. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Collins, MD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 100 IS 2 BP 1240 EP 1241 DI 10.1121/1.415971 PN 1 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA VB166 UT WOS:A1996VB16600057 ER PT J AU Gibbs, NF OGrady, TC AF Gibbs, NF OGrady, TC TI Progressive eruptive histiocytomas SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID XANTHOGRANULOMA AB We describe progressive eruptive lesions that have been appearing on a 50-year-old Filipino man for the past 9 years. They are characterized by smooth, brown, firm nodules mainly on the head and torso. Histologic examination shows dermal collections of lipid-filled histiocytes and Touton-type giant cells. A comparison with other types of previously described non-langerhans cell histiocytoses is made. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92055. RP Gibbs, NF (reprint author), USN,CAMP PENDLETON HOSP,DEPT DERMATOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92055, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 35 IS 2 BP 323 EP 325 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(96)90660-X PN 2 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA VA758 UT WOS:A1996VA75800012 PM 8698917 ER PT J AU Tepesch, PD Kohan, AE Garbulsky, GD Ceder, G Coley, C Stokes, HT Boyer, LL Mehl, MJ Burton, BP Cho, KJ Joannopoulos, J AF Tepesch, PD Kohan, AE Garbulsky, GD Ceder, G Coley, C Stokes, HT Boyer, LL Mehl, MJ Burton, BP Cho, KJ Joannopoulos, J TI A model to compute phase diagrams in oxides with empirical or first-principles energy methods and application to the solubility limits in the CaO-MgO system SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; IONIC SYSTEMS; SIMULATIONS; BINARY; STATES AB The CaO-MgO system is used as a prototype system to evaluate the accuracy of several energy and entropy approximations for predicting solid-state phase diagrams in ionic materials. Configurational disorder between the cations is parameterized with the cluster expansion technique. The vibrational contribution to the free energy is incorporated with a harmonic model that accounts for the dependence of the vibrational density of states on the cation configuration. The CaO-MgO phase diagram can be predicted very accurately with quantum mechanical energy methods, without the use of any adjustable parameters. Published empirical potential parameters for the CaO-MgO system reproduce the qualitative features of the phase diagram but significantly underestimate the solubility limits. Parameters that reasonably reproduce the quantum mechanical results are presented. C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Tepesch, PD (reprint author), MIT,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. RI Mehl, Michael/H-8814-2016 NR 31 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 79 IS 8 BP 2033 EP 2040 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08934.x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA VC613 UT WOS:A1996VC61300006 ER PT J AU Pickett, WE AF Pickett, WE TI Non-collinear magnetic states: From density functional theory to model Hamiltonians SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pacific Conference on Condensed Matter Theory - Complex Materials and Strongly Correlated Systems CY DEC 02-05, 1995 CL SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA SP Korea Sci & Engn Fdn, Korean Phys Soc ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BAND THEORY; APPROXIMATION; EXCHANGE; METALS; CACUO2; IRON AB Recent observation of ''colossal magnetoresistance'' in La1-xCaxMnO3 and related compounds suggest the importance of orientational disordering of Mn magnetic moments, especially near the Curie temperature. Several interesting compounds even display non-collinear moments (NCM) in their ground states. Although self-consistent local density functional based treatments of NCM are already available (within certain simplifications), it will be instructive to have realistic tight binding methods to simulate the more complex spin configurations. In this paper the process of simplifying the ab initio density functional theory of NCM to tight binding form is discussed. It is suggested that in the La-based manganites, the e(g) moments on the Mn ion may not be strongly coupled to the t(2g) moments, and that these two suborbitals may become non-collinear on the same ion. A tight binding approach can model such a situation. RP Pickett, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU KOREAN PHYSICAL SOC PI SEOUL PA 635-4, YUKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 0374-4884 J9 J KOREAN PHYS SOC JI J. Korean Phys. Soc. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 29 SU S BP S70 EP S74 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA VC787 UT WOS:A1996VC78700015 ER PT J AU Frogge, JM Strand, WR Miller, AK Kaplan, GW AF Frogge, JM Strand, WR Miller, AK Kaplan, GW TI Preservation of continence after posterior sagittal surgery SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Section on Urology, American-Academy-of-Pediatrics CY OCT 14-16, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Acad Pediat, Sect Urol DE anus; fecal incontinence; postoperative complications; manometry; swine AB Purpose: An animal study was performed to evaluate the effect of posterior sagittal pararectal mobilization on anorectal sphincter function. Materials and Methods: We initially divided 11 juvenile pigs into 3 groups: group 1-anesthesia alone (3), group 2-posterior sagittal incision alone (4) and group 3-posterior sagittal incision with unilateral pararectal dissection (4). Two animals in group 1 subsequently underwent posterior sagittal incision with circumferential pararectal dissection (group 4). The anal canal was preserved intact in all animals. Anorectal sphincter manometry was performed preoperatively, and 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Electromyography was performed 12 weeks postoperatively. Anorectal sphincter muscle complexes were harvested for histological examination. Results: All animals had postoperative bowel continence. Postoperatively manometry revealed no difference from preoperative measurements in all study groups (p = 0.90). Electromyography and histological examination of the anorectal sphincters were normal in all but 2 animals. Denervation injury and histological atrophy were detected after repair of inadvertent enterotomy in 1 animal following unilateral pararectal dissection, and polyphasic motor unit potentials implying reinnervation were detected in another after circumferential pararectal mobilization. Conclusions: These results indicate that posterior sagittal incision and unilateral pararectal mobilization cause no permanent injury to the anorectal sphincter. However, circumferential pararectal dissection or repair of a rectal injury may cause measurable changes in sphincter function. C1 CHILDRENS HOSP & HLTH CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA. RP Frogge, JM (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 156 IS 2 BP 647 EP 650 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65774-4 PN 2 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UX153 UT WOS:A1996UX15300021 PM 8683751 ER PT J AU Hakim, S Merguerian, PA Rabinowitz, R Shortliffe, LD McKenna, PH AF Hakim, S Merguerian, PA Rabinowitz, R Shortliffe, LD McKenna, PH TI Outcome analysis of the modified Mathieu hypospadias repair: Comparison of stented and unstented repairs SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Section on Urology, American-Academy-of-Pediatrics CY OCT 14-16, 1995 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP Amer Acad Pediat, Sect Urol DE penis; hypospadias; stents; complications; analgesia AB Purpose: We compared surgical outcomes of stented and unstented Mathieu repairs in boys with primary distal hypospadias, and evaluated the efficacy and safety of caudal analgesia relative to other forms of analgesia (penile block and epidural analgesia). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 336 consecutive boys who underwent the modified Mathieu repair for primary distal hypospadias. a urethral stent was placed in 114 patients and nonstented repair was performed in 222, Adjunct caudal analgesia was given in 136 cases, a penile block in 158 and continuous-epidural analgesia in 42. Results: None of the unstented cases had urinary retention. Analysis of surgical outcomes revealed no difference in fistula formation between patients with and without stents (2.63 versus 2.70%, respectively, p > 0.999). Overall complication rates in the stented and unstented groups were not significantly different (2.63 versus 3.60%, respectively, p = 0.756). The fistula rate in patients who received adjunct caudal analgesia was no different than in those who received other forms of adjunct analgesia (2.21 versus 3.0%, respectively, p > 0.999). Conclusions: These data suggest that successful Mathieu hypospadias repair is independent of the use of a stent. Caudal analgesia, a penile block and epidural analgesia provided effective postoperative pain control with no difference in complication rates, To our knowledge our report represents the largest observational study reported to date comparing stented and unstented repairs, However, because of the small number of complications in each group, a much larger study is required to determine statistically significant differences among these groups. C1 STANFORD UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT UROL,DIV PEDIAT UROL,STANFORD,CA 94305. DARTMOUTH HITCHCOCK MED CTR,DEPT SURG,UROL SECT,LEBANON,NH 03766. UNIV ROCHESTER,MED CTR,DEPT UROL,ROCHESTER,NY 14642. USN,REG MED CTR,DEPT UROL,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 7 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 156 IS 2 BP 836 EP 838 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65834-8 PN 2 PG 3 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UX153 UT WOS:A1996UX15300081 PM 8683796 ER PT J AU Brook, I Frazier, EH AF Brook, I Frazier, EH TI Microbiology of subperiosteal orbital abscess and associated maxillary sinusitis SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; BACTERIOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS AB Aspirate of pus from eight subperiosteal orbital abscesses (SPOAs) and their corresponding infected sinuses were studied for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, Polymicrobial flora was found in all instances, and the number of isolates varied from two to five. Anaerobes were recovered from all specimens. The predominant isolates were Peptostreptococcus spp, Prevotella spp, Fusobacterium spp, Staphylococcus aureus, and microaerophilic streptococci, Concordance in the microbiological findings between SPOA and the infected sinus was found in all instances. However, certain organisms were only present at one site and not the other. Fourteen beta-lactamase-producing organisms were present in nine specimens. These data confirm the importance of anaerobic bacteria in sinusitis and demonstrate their predominance in the associated SPOA. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. USN,MED CTR,DEPT INFECT DIS,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 18 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU LARYNGOSCOPE CO PI ST LOUIS PA 10 S BROADWAY 14TH FLOOR, ST LOUIS, MO 63102-1741 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD AUG PY 1996 VL 106 IS 8 BP 1010 EP 1013 DI 10.1097/00005537-199608000-00019 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA VA646 UT WOS:A1996VA64600018 PM 8699891 ER PT J AU Berinstein, TH Bernstein, P AF Berinstein, TH Bernstein, P TI The turbinate flap for reconstruction of nasal septal mucosal defects SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL & CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. KAISER PERMENANTE MED GRP,DEPT HEAD & NECK SURG,SAN DIEGO,CA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LARYNGOSCOPE CO PI ST LOUIS PA 10 S BROADWAY 14TH FLOOR, ST LOUIS, MO 63102-1741 SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD AUG PY 1996 VL 106 IS 8 BP 1047 EP 1048 DI 10.1097/00005537-199608000-00027 PG 2 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA VA646 UT WOS:A1996VA64600026 PM 8699899 ER PT J AU Singh, R Shukla, A Zervas, H AF Singh, R Shukla, A Zervas, H TI Explosively generated pulse propagation through particles containing natural cracks SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE damage; granular media; load transfer; particulate assembly; stress wave propagation ID PARTICULATE MATERIALS; CONTACT AB An experimental study is conducted to study dynamic load transfer through particulate assemblies containing a damaged particle. The assembly is simulated by a one-dimensional array of circular disks, and the damage itself by a natural, zero-width crack. This assembly is explosively loaded and the dynamic load transfer process observed using dynamic photoelasticity and strain gages, as the stress wave pulse propagates down the assembly. Attention is focussed on the influence of damage size and orientation on the group wave velocity, wave dispersion and peak contact load attenuation of the stress wave pulse. Damage growth occurring from the interaction of the stress wave pulse with the closed natural crack tip is also studied. The results demonstrate that the inclusion of a damaged particle greatly influences the load transfer process, both locally and in the far field. The degree to which the damaged particle modifies the load transfer process is more dependent upon the orientation of the natural crack than upon the size of the crack. Moreover, damage growth within the damaged particles is also a strong function of the orientation of the natural crack. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT MECH ENGN & APPL MECH,DYNAM PHOTOMECH LAB,KINGSTON,RI 02881. USN,MECH SYST DIV,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 255 EP 270 DI 10.1016/0167-6636(96)00026-9 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA VK131 UT WOS:A1996VK13100001 ER PT J AU McNelley, TR McMahon, ME AF McNelley, TR McMahon, ME TI An investigation by interactive electron backscatter pattern analysis of processing and superplasticity in an aluminum-magnesium alloy SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AL-10MG-0.1ZR ALLOY; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; RECRYSTALLIZATION; DEFORMATION; ORIENTATIONS; MECHANISM; TEXTURES; CRYSTALS; METALS; GROWTH AB Tensile specimens from an Al-10Mg-0.1Zr alloy, thermomechanically processed (TMP) according to two different schedules and deformed superplastically at 300 degrees C, were examined using electron backscatter pattern (EBSP) imaging in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with computer-aided analysis. The TMP schedules differed only in the duration of the interpass anneal (IPA) time between successive rolling passes. Microtexture, grain misorientation angle distribution, and grain boundary character were analyzed for both undeformed grip and deformed gage sections of these tensile specimens. Microtexture analysis revealed the same texture components, primarily brass and S, in the undeformed grip sections of both TMP materials, while analysis of deformed gage sections revealed only a decrease in texture with no new components evident. Material processed with a prolonged IPA time exhibited highly superplastic response and contained a high proportion of boundaries of 5 to 15 deg misorientation. Material processed with a short IPA time exhibited lower superplastic elongations and contained higher-order twin boundaries, suggesting that the twin chain mechanism is active during TMP. The observed difference in tensile behavior appears to be the result df extended recovery during TMP of the more ductile material evidenced by the development of a greater proportion of boundaries of 5 to 15 deg misorientation. RP McNelley, TR (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 41 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 27 IS 8 BP 2252 EP 2262 DI 10.1007/BF02651879 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VC633 UT WOS:A1996VC63300021 ER PT J AU Peruski, LF AF Peruski, LF TI Expression of heat shock protein D48.5 of Escherichia coli is subject to modulation by catabolite repression SO MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE heat shock; Escherichia coli; protein; catabolite; repression ID GENE; ELEMENT; GROWTH; RATES AB The Escherichia coli heat shock regulon consists of approximately twenty polypeptides that are coordinately and transiently induced upon a temperature upshift under the control of an alternative sigma factor, designated sigma-32 or HtpR. Preliminary observations on one of the proteins of the heat shock response, protein D 48.5, suggested that its induction by sigma-32 during heat shock may be modulated by catabolite repression. In this study, a disk diffusion assay was used to screen the effect of several compounds on the expression of a lacZ fusion in the gene encoding protein D 48.5. This assay indicated that the expression of this protein was controlled, at least in part, by the catabolite repression response. A more indepth analysis of the expression of protein D 48.5 under both steady-state and heat shock conditions was conducted in both a wild type and cya crp background. This analysis revealed that in the cya crp background, the steady-state level of protein D 48.5 was elevated relative to the wildtype, but that the heat shock induction of the protein was reduced in magnitude relative to the wild type strain, suggesting a direct link between these two global responses. The lacZ fusion in the structural gene for protein D 48.5 should prove useful as a reporter mechanism to probe the physiology and regulation of the heat shock response. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,ENTER MICROBIOL BRANCH,CAIRO,EGYPT. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG JENA PI JENA PA VILLENGANG 2, D-07745 JENA, GERMANY SN 0944-5013 J9 MICROBIOL RES JI Microbiol. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 151 IS 3 BP 273 EP 280 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA VG033 UT WOS:A1996VG03300010 PM 8817918 ER PT J AU Butler, FK Hagmann, J Butler, EG AF Butler, FK Hagmann, J Butler, EG TI Tactical combat casualty care in special operations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID UNCONTROLLED HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; SMALL-VOLUME RESUSCITATION; HYPERTONIC SALINE DEXTRAN; LARYNGEAL MASK AIRWAY; TRAUMA LIFE-SUPPORT; FIELD ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION; HYDROXYETHYL STARCH; FLUID RESUSCITATION; PREHOSPITAL MANAGEMENT; HYPOTENSIVE PATIENTS AB U.S. military medical personnel are currently trained to care for combat casualties using the principles taught in the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) course, The appropriateness of many of the measures taught in ATLS for the combat setting is unproven, A 2-year study to review this issue has been sponsored by the United States Special Operations Command, This paper presents the results of that study, We will review some of the factors that must be considered in caring for wounded patients on the battlefield with an emphasis on the Special Operations environment. A basic management protocol is proposed that organizes combat casualty care into three phases and suggests appropriate measures for each phase. A scenario-based approach is needed to plan in more detail for casualties on specific Special Operations missions, and several sample scenarios are presented and discussed. RP Butler, FK (reprint author), USN HOSP,NAVAL SPECIAL WARFARE COMMAND,DETACHMENT PENSACOLA,PENSACOLA,FL 32512, USA. NR 140 TC 112 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 161 SU S BP 3 EP 16 PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VB790 UT WOS:A1996VB79000001 PM 8772308 ER PT J AU Harr, PA Kalafsky, MS Elsberry, RL AF Harr, PA Kalafsky, MS Elsberry, RL TI Environmental conditions prior to formation of a midget tropical cyclone during TCM-93 SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; DIURNAL-VARIATION; SQUALL-LINE AB During a 10-day period in the Tropical Cyclone Motion (TCM-93) field experiment over the tropical western North Pacific, tropical cyclone formation occurred in association with persistent deep convection that was observed over low-level, north-oriented confluent flow between a large monsoon gyre to the west of a strong subtropical ridge. The convection was also modulated by a strong diurnal cycle with a convective maximum just before dawn and a convective minimum during the late afternoon. Observations from two aircraft observing periods (AOPs) during two consecutive daytime periods identified three distinct mesoscale convective vortices (MCVs) in the persistent deep convection. During the initial AOP (AOP-1A), a well-defined mesoscale circulation at 500 mb was located directly above the strong low level, south-southwesterly confluent flow. However, reduction in convection and associated midlevel forcing during the convective minimum period contributed to the decay of the MCV before it could penetrate downward through the strong low-level flow to tap ocean surface energy sources. During the second AOP(AOP-1B), which was approximately 24 h after AOP-1A, two MCVs were identified by aircraft observations. A northern MCV, which dissipated shortly after the AOP, had a structure similar to the observed MCV in AOP-1A and was also located directly above the strong low-level north-oriented flow. A second midtropospheric MCV over the southern portion of the aircraft operating area extended down to 850 mb and was located in the cyclonic shear of the low-level flow. Although convection over the large area was decreasing during the diurnal minimum, several convective cells formed and grew in association with local low-level confluence between the low-level MCV circulation and the large-scale flow. In contrast to AOP-1A, this convection persisted and acquired a rotation as part of a northward-moving circulation that can be traced to a small low-level mesoscale circulation in satellite visible imagery approximately 10 h after the AOP as the same circulation observed over the southern region of AOP-1B. Satellite visible imagery documents the explosive convective development associated with the low level circulation that led to the formation of Tropical Storm Ofelia. It is concluded that the southern MCV in AOP-1B was able to persist because of its extension to low levels, which was linked to its location on the cyclonic shear side of the strong low-level flow. RP Harr, PA (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,CODE MR-HP,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 31 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 124 IS 8 BP 1693 EP 1710 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<1693:ECPTFO>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VB338 UT WOS:A1996VB33800005 ER PT J AU Chrisey, LA Lee, GU OFerrall, CE AF Chrisey, LA Lee, GU OFerrall, CE TI Covalent attachment of synthetic DNA to self-assembled monolayer films SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GLASS SUPPORTS; HYBRIDIZATION; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; ARRAYS; SURFACES; GROWTH AB The covalent attachment of thiol-modified DNA oligomers to self-assembled monolayer silane films on fused silica and oxidized silicon substrates is described. A heterobifunctional crosslinking molecule bearing both thiol- and amino-reactive moieties was used to tether a DNA oligomer (modified at its terminus with a thiol group) to an aminosilane film formed on silica surfaces. A variety of aminosilanes, crosslinkers and treatment conditions have been tested to identify optimal conditions for DNA immobilization using this approach. The DNA films which result have been characterized using UV spectroscopy, water contact angle measurement, radiolabeling and hybridization methods. C1 GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. RP Chrisey, LA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 69001,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Lee, Gil/P-8696-2016 OI Lee, Gil/0000-0002-7949-5848 NR 21 TC 313 Z9 325 U1 3 U2 63 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 24 IS 15 BP 3031 EP 3039 DI 10.1093/nar/24.15.3031 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VB832 UT WOS:A1996VB83200025 PM 8760890 ER PT J AU Chrisey, LA OFerrall, CE Spargo, BJ Dulcey, CS Calvert, JM AF Chrisey, LA OFerrall, CE Spargo, BJ Dulcey, CS Calvert, JM TI Fabrication of patterned DNA surfaces SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COPLANAR MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; ELECTROLESS METALLIZATION; HYBRIDIZATION; MONOLAYERS; ADHESION; SUPPORTS; GROWTH; FILMS AB Two photolithographic methods are described for the formation of patterned single or multiple DNA species on SiO2 substrates, In the first approach, substrates are treated with a photochemically labile organosilane monolayer film. Irradiation of these surfaces with patterned deep UV (193 nm) light results in patterned chemically reactive groups which are then reacted with heterobifunctional crosslinking molecules, Covalent attachment of modified synthetic DNA oligomers to the crosslinker results in stable DNA patterns, Alternatively, a photoresist is spin-coated over a silane film which had been previously modified with the hetero-bifunctional crosslinker, Upon patterned irradiation and subsequent development, the underlying cross-linker-modified layer is revealed, and is then reacted with a chemically modified DNA, Feature dimensions to 1 micron are observed when a single fluorescent DNA is attached to the surface, By performing sequential exposures, we have successfully immobilized two distinguishable DNA oligomers on a single surface, Synthetic DNA immobilized in this manner retains the ability to hybridize to its complementary strand, suggesting that these approaches may find utility in the development of miniaturized DNA-based biosensors. C1 GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. RP Chrisey, LA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6900,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 30 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 24 IS 15 BP 3040 EP 3047 DI 10.1093/nar/24.15.3040 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VB832 UT WOS:A1996VB83200026 PM 8760891 ER PT J AU Shonting, D Middleton, F Knox, J Hebda, P AF Shonting, D Middleton, F Knox, J Hebda, P TI A submarine-launched wave measuring buoy SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A wave buoy, the Submarine Deployed Sea State Sensor (SUDSS), was developed to directly measure surface waves from a submerged moving submarine. The SUDSS is adapted from the Submarine Launched Expendable Bathythermograph (SSXBT) by replacing its temperature probe with a vertical sensing accelerometer. The SUDSS, launched from the aft signal ejector, utilizes the SSXBT cylinder, its lifting body, and filament wire spool-out mechanisms. Upon surfacing it oscillates vertically in phase with waves of frequencies below 0.5 Hz producing a voltage signal that is conducted via the filament wire back to the submarine and processed to produce a 10-12 minute wave record. On-board data analysis determines spectra, sea state, and the partial variance of spectral energy which between 0.2-0.5 Hz estimates the local wind speed. An accelerometer calibrator for wave frequencies was assembled consisting of a computer-controlled motor-driven swing arm which rotates an accelerometer as a simple harmonic oscillator; different rotation rates providing a variety of frequencies; Absolute accelerations are determined from the arm radius and its angular velocity. Wilcoxen accelerometers were chosen, providing a linear output of 1 v/g(0) (sensitivity) for simulated waves from 0.09-0.25 Hz (4-11 s periods). The SUDSS fitted with a buoyant tether signal cable, can be deployed from a surface ship for rapid wave/sea state measurements. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT OCEAN ENGN,NARRAGANSETT,RI. AMERICORN CORP,MIDDLETOWN,RI. RP Shonting, D (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02840, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 23 IS 6 BP 465 EP 481 DI 10.1016/0029-8018(95)00055-0 PG 17 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA UW920 UT WOS:A1996UW92000003 ER PT J AU Mader, TH Blanton, CL Gilbert, BN Kubis, KC Schallhorn, SC White, LJ Parmley, VC Ng, JD AF Mader, TH Blanton, CL Gilbert, BN Kubis, KC Schallhorn, SC White, LJ Parmley, VC Ng, JD TI Refractive changes during 72-hour exposure to high altitude after refractive surgery SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RADIAL KERATOTOMY; CORNEAL CURVATURE; OXYGEN-TENSION; VISUAL-ACUITY; PERK AB Purpose: The authors prospectively analyzed refractive and pachymetric parameters during exposure to high altitude after radial keratotomy (RK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods: The authors measured manifest and cycloplegic refraction, keratometry, computed video keratography, and central and peripheral pachymetry in six subjects who have undergone RK (11 eyes), six who have undergone PRK (12 eyes), and nine with myopia (17 eyes) at sea level and on three consecutive days at 14,100 feet. All measurements were repeated 1 week after subjects returned to sea level. Results: Subjects who have undergone RK demonstrated a significant and progressive increase in spherical equivalence (+0.30 +/- 0.50 diopters on day 1 and +1.52 +/- 1.01 diopters on day 3; P < 0.001) and a decrease in keratometry values during exposure to altitude when compared with control subjects with myopia. Healthy subjects and those who have had PRK demonstrated no significant change in refractive error. Pachymetry measurements demonstrated significant peripheral corneal thickening in ail three groups (RK, P < 0.004; PRK, P < 0.007; control subjects, P = 0.0006) by day 3 at high altitude. Refraction, keratometry, and pachymetry returned to baseline (P 1.000) after return to sea level. Conclusions: Seventy-two-hour exposure to high altitude in subjects who have had RK induces a significant, progressive, and reversible hyperopic shift in refraction with corresponding video keratographic and keratometric changes. The authors hypothesize that the high-altitude hypoxic environment causes increased corneal hydration in the area of the RK incisions, which may lead to central corneal flattening and a hyperopic shift in refractive error. Subjects who have had PRK and those with myopia are not susceptible to this refractive shift. The authors' RK data suggest that the time since surgery and the amount of surgery are related to the degree of hyperopic shift during altitude exposure. C1 USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. CASCADE EYE & SKIN CTR PC,TACOMA,WA. RP Mader, TH (reprint author), MADIGAN ARMY MED CTR,OPHTHALMOL SERV,TACOMA,WA 98431, USA. NR 17 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD AUG PY 1996 VL 103 IS 8 BP 1188 EP 1195 PG 8 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA VD630 UT WOS:A1996VD63000016 PM 8764786 ER PT J AU Ting, A Krushelnick, K Burris, HR Fisher, A Manka, C Moore, CI AF Ting, A Krushelnick, K Burris, HR Fisher, A Manka, C Moore, CI TI Backscattered supercontinuum emission from high-intensity laser-plasma interactions SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RAMAN; THOMSON SCATTERING; WAVES; ACCELERATION; BREAKING; LIGHT AB We performed high-intensity subpicosecond laser-plasma interaction experiments to examine nonlinear scattering mechanisms in underdense plasmas. At incident laser intensities of 2 x 10(18) W/cm(2) the stimulated-Raman-backscattered spectrum exhibited an extremely broad, supercontinuumlike structure (Delta omega/omega(0) > 1) extending from similar to 500 to >1200 nm (limited only by detector sensitivity). Large-amplitude modulations in the spectrum of the backscattered light were measured and are attributed to an interaction of the stimulated-Raman-scattered radiation with ion plasma waves. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America C1 CORNELL UNIV,PLASMA STUDIES LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP Ting, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 15 BP 1096 EP 1098 DI 10.1364/OL.21.001096 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA UZ825 UT WOS:A1996UZ82500002 PM 19876264 ER PT J AU Tran, P AF Tran, P TI Optical switching with a nonlinear photonic crystal: A numerical study SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EQUATIONS; SOLITONS AB A nonlinear finite-difference time-domain method was used to investigate optical switching mechanisms with a nonlinear photonic crystal and with two electromagnetic pulses with different frequencies. It was found that the mechanism based on the shifting of the band edge required the detector to discriminate between the pump and the probe frequencies, whereas that based on frequency mixing did not. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Tran, P (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,RES & TECHNOL DIV,WEAP DIV,CODE 474400D,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 7 TC 133 Z9 146 U1 1 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 15 BP 1138 EP 1140 DI 10.1364/OL.21.001138 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA UZ825 UT WOS:A1996UZ82500016 PM 19876278 ER PT J AU Dean, DA Mangold, BL Harrison, RA Ricciardone, MD AF Dean, DA Mangold, BL Harrison, RA Ricciardone, MD TI Homologous and heterologous protective immunity to Egyptian strains of Schistosoma mansoni and S-haematobium induced by ultraviolet-irradiated cercariae SO PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE S-haematobium; S-mansoni; protective immunity; irradiated cercariae; cross-protection ID VIOLET ATTENUATED CERCARIAE; CROSS-PROTECTION; LYMPHOCYTES-T; MICE; INFECTION; RESISTANCE; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION; MECHANISMS; JAPONICUM AB C57BL/6 and Balb/c mice were immunized with ultraviolet-irradiated cercariae of Egyptian strains of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium, challenged with non-irradiated irradiated cercariae of the homologous or heterologous species, and assayed for protection against challenge infection by comparing the adult worm burdens of immunized and non-immunized mice. Homologous protection (per cent reduction in worm recovery) ranged from 56% to 69% for S. mansoni and 88% to 99% for S. haematobium. Significant heterologous protection was consistently induced against S. haematobium by immunization with S. mansoni, but not against S. mansoni by immunization with S. haematobium. These results are discussed in relation to those of previous studies and in terms of implications for vaccine development. C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0141-9838 J9 PARASITE IMMUNOL JI Parasite Immunol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 18 IS 8 BP 403 EP 410 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-129.x PG 8 WC Immunology; Parasitology SC Immunology; Parasitology GA VA467 UT WOS:A1996VA46700004 PM 9229394 ER PT J AU Caffee, L Keller, P AF Caffee, L Keller, P TI Improved thermal imaging cameras boost weapons testing capability SO PHOTONICS SPECTRA LA English DT Article RP Caffee, L (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,METR & TSPI DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAURIN PUBL CO INC PI PITTSFIELD PA BERKSHIRE COMMON PO BOX 1146, PITTSFIELD, MA 01202 SN 0731-1230 J9 PHOTON SPECTRA JI Photon. Spect. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 30 IS 8 BP 102 EP 103 PG 2 WC Optics SC Optics GA VB784 UT WOS:A1996VB78400035 ER PT J AU Weaver, BD Jackson, EM AF Weaver, BD Jackson, EM TI Temperature dependence of critical current and normal-state resistance in Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 bicrystal Josephson junctions SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY JUNCTIONS; STEP-EDGE JUNCTIONS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; YBA2CU3O7-X; PERFORMANCE; 77-K AB The temperature dependence of the critical current I-c and the normal-state resistance R(n) for Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 bicrystal Josephson junctions is discussed. At 77 K, the junction critical current density j(c) is 1.3 x 10(4) A/cm(2), and the characteristic voltage I(c)R(n) is 0.1 mV. The maximum operating temperature T* is about 90 K. Junctions are stable with respect to time, vacuum exposure and thermal cycling. The critical current decreases linearly with increasing temperature below about 77 K, while R(n) is temperature-independent between 32 K and T*. These results indicate a strong influence of boundary resistance on the junction behavior and that the interface acts as an insulating barrier. C1 SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20875. RP Weaver, BD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6615,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 266 IS 3-4 BP 210 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(96)00294-8 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA VC046 UT WOS:A1996VC04600007 ER PT J AU Rajagopal, AK AF Rajagopal, AK TI Implications of the intrinsic decoherence in quantum mechanics to nonequilibrium statistical mechanics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID JAYNES-CUMMINGS MODEL; MIXED STATES; PURE STATES; EVOLUTION AB The discrete-time jump model for intrinsic decoherence in quantum mechanics proposed recently by Milburn is here generalized to explicitly time-dependent Hamiltonians. In this model, a time-dependent entropy is obtained and thus it admits of an interpretation that this is a model for an open system. Unlike in the Milburn model, we introduce a minimum uncertainty phase change dictated by the minimum ''time-energy uncertainty product'' to define the shortest time scale in the system. Implications of this model to quantum nanometric devices such as quantum dots or resonant tunneling devices are indicated. RP Rajagopal, AK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 1124 EP 1127 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.1124 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VD676 UT WOS:A1996VD67600018 ER PT J AU Takacs, E Meyer, ES Gillaspy, JD Roberts, JR Chantler, CT Hudson, LT Deslattes, RD Brown, CM Laming, JM Dubau, J Inal, MK AF Takacs, E Meyer, ES Gillaspy, JD Roberts, JR Chantler, CT Hudson, LT Deslattes, RD Brown, CM Laming, JM Dubau, J Inal, MK TI Polarization measurements on a magnetic quadrupole line in Ne-like barium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID EXCITATION CROSS-SECTIONS; HIGHLY CHARGED IONS; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ELECTRON-BEAM; DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION; BRAGG GEOMETRY; BENT CRYSTALS; HE-LIKE; IONIZATION; SUBLEVELS AB We have measured the absolute polarization of the 2p(6) S-1(0)- 2p(5)((20)(3/2))3s[3/2](0)(2) magnetic quadrupole transition in Ne-like barium, excited in an electron-beam ion trap at a variety of energies. We find strong evidence for the existence of resonant excitation processes that are not explained by our collisional-radiative calculations even when the polarization arising from impact excitation is included. At energies well away from where the resonances occur, the agreement between experiment and theory is good. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,ATOM PHYS DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,QUANTUM METROL DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OBSERV PARIS,CNRS,UPR 176,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. INST SCI EXACTES,DEPT PHYS,TILIMSEN 13000,ALGERIA. LAJOS KOSSUTH UNIV,EXPT PHYS DEPT,DEBRECEN,HUNGARY. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RI Chantler, Christopher/D-4744-2013 OI Chantler, Christopher/0000-0001-6608-0048 NR 36 TC 79 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 1342 EP 1350 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.1342 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VD676 UT WOS:A1996VD67600037 ER PT J AU Gillespie, DT AF Gillespie, DT TI Why quantum mechanics cannot be formulated as a Markov process - Reply SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Letter AB In reply to the preceding Comment on an article by D. T. Gillespie [Phys. Rev. A 49, 1607 (1994)], it is emphasized that the most plausible interpretation of the singly conditioned probability function implies that the evolution of the two-state quantum system being considered cannot be characterized as a Markov process on those states over any time interval. And it is pointed out that an alternative interpretation that is offered in the Comment appears to be in conflict with quantum mechanics. RP Gillespie, DT (reprint author), USN,CTR AIR WARFARE,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 1737 EP 1738 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.54.1737 PG 2 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA VD676 UT WOS:A1996VD67600089 ER PT J AU Rajagopal, AK Jha, SS AF Rajagopal, AK Jha, SS TI Anisotropic order parameters with s- and d-wave-like symmetry and the transition temperature in high-T-c layered superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INTERACTING CONDUCTING LAYERS; PAIRING THEORY; UNIT-CELL; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; FLUCTUATIONS; DEPENDENCE; NUMBER AB The wave-vector dependence of superconducting order parameters and the corresponding transition temperature in three-dimensional layered metals are investigated. It includes planar anisotropic s-wave-like as well as d-wave-like pairing contributions, but for simplicity only intralayer pairing of electrons has been considered for tetragonal and orthorhombic crystal structures, relevant to high-T-c materials. It is shown that for the orthorhombic case order parameters are likely to have mixed symmetry, whereas in tetragonal structures it is possible to have only planar d-wave-like symmetry with a possible correction term with an additional wavevector dependence in the direction perpendicular to the reciprocal layer plane. C1 TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. JAWAHARLAL NEHRU CTR ADV SCI RES,BANGALORE 560064,KARNATAKA,INDIA. RP Rajagopal, AK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 6 BP 4331 EP 4335 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.4331 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VD677 UT WOS:A1996VD67700094 ER PT J AU Gillespie, DT AF Gillespie, DT TI Exact numerical simulation of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and its integral SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID COLORED NOISE; DRIVEN AB A numerical simulation algorithm that is exact for any time step Delta t > 0 is derived for the Ornsiein-Uhlenbeck process X(t) and its time integral Y(t). The algorithm allows one to make efficient, unapproximated simulations of, for instance, the velocity and position components of a particle undergoing Brownian motion, and the electric current and transported charge in a simple R-L circuit, provided appropriate valuer; are assigned to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck relaxation time tau and diffusion constant c. A simple Taylor expansion in Delta t of the exact simulation formulas shows how the first-order simulation formulas, which are implicit ir, the Langevin equation for X(t) and the defining equation for Y(t), are modified in second order. The exact simulation algorithm is used here to illustrate the zero-tau limit theorem. RP USN, RES & TECHNOL DIV, AIR WARFARE CTR, CHINA LAKE, CA 93555 USA. NR 19 TC 164 Z9 168 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0045 EI 2470-0053 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG PY 1996 VL 54 IS 2 BP 2084 EP 2091 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.2084 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA VD674 UT WOS:A1996VD67400134 ER PT J AU Gavrishchaka, V Koepke, ME Ganguli, G AF Gavrishchaka, V Koepke, ME Ganguli, G TI Dispersive properties of a magnetized plasma with a field-aligned drift and inhomogeneous transverse flow SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; TOPSIDE AURORAL IONOSPHERE; ION-CYCLOTRON TURBULENCE; EDGE ELECTRIC-FIELD; VELOCITY-SHEAR; ELECTROSTATIC-WAVES; DOUBLE-LAYERS; NONLINEAR EVOLUTION; ALFVEN WAVES; H TRANSITION AB Electrostatic fluctuations driven by the combination of a magnetic-field-aligned electron current and a localized transverse electric field are investigated. Characteristic parameters, such as scale length and magnitude of the sheared ExB velocity, magnitude of the magnetic-field-aligned current, and temperature ratio tau T-i/T-e are varied to include conditions associated with electrostatic waves driven entirely by magnetic-field-aligned current, driven entirely by transverse electric field, and driven by a combination of magnetic-field-aligned current and transverse electric field. It is shown that, in contrast to the homogeneous case of current-driven modes, the modes in the presence of a transverse-velocity shear can be unstable in a wider range of temperature ratio tau and they are broadband in frequency. Using a simplified model, numerical solutions of the nonlocal dispersion relation, and physical arguments, cases of stabilization and destabilization due to the inhomogeneous energy-density driven instability mechanism are studied for the ion-cyclotron, ion-acoustic and drift modes. The response of the plasma to transverse-velocity shear can be categorized as reactive or dissipative and conditions corresponding to the predominance of either one are evaluated. Possible applications of these results to space and laboratory plasma are discussed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Gavrishchaka, V (reprint author), W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506, USA. NR 77 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1996 VL 3 IS 8 BP 3091 EP 3106 DI 10.1063/1.871656 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VA463 UT WOS:A1996VA46300029 ER PT J AU Nusinovich, GS Levush, B Dumbrajs, O AF Nusinovich, GS Levush, B Dumbrajs, O TI Optimization of multistage harmonic gyrodevices SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID GYROTRON; GYROKLYSTRON; EFFICIENCY AB In low voltage gyrodevices operating at high cyclotron harmonics the electrons are weakly coupled to the synchronous harmonic of an electromagnetic field. To realize efficient operation of a device it is necessary to compensate for this weak coupling by increasing the resonator e-factor. When the required e-factor is on the order of the Ohmic e-factor, the optimization of gyrotron parameters should be modified by taking into account Ohmic losses of the microwave power. In the present paper this modification has been done and the optimization of two- and three-cavity gyrodevices operating at cyclotron harmonics has been considered. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. HELSINKI UNIV TECHNOL,HELSINKI,FINLAND. RP Nusinovich, GS (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,INST PLASMA RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. RI Dumbrajs, Olgierd/D-5526-2011; Dep Theor Physics, Computer Modeling/E-6336-2013 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1996 VL 3 IS 8 BP 3133 EP 3144 DI 10.1063/1.871589 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VA463 UT WOS:A1996VA46300035 ER PT J AU Freund, HP Zaidman, EG Antonsen, TM AF Freund, HP Zaidman, EG Antonsen, TM TI Theory of helix traveling wave tubes with dielectric and vane loading SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FIELD-THEORY; AMPLIFIER AB A time-dependent nonlinear analysis of a helix traveling wave tube (TWT) is presented for a configuration where an electron beam propagates through a sheath helix surrounded by a conducting wall. The effects of dielectric and vane loading are included in the formulation as is efficiency enhancement by tapering the helix pitch. Dielectric loading is described under the assumption that the gap between the helix and the wall is uniformly filled by a dielectric material. The vane-loading model describes the insertion of an arbitrary number of vanes running the length of the helix, and the polarization of the field between the vanes is assumed to be an azimuthally symmetric transverse-electric mode. The field is represented as a superposition of azimuthally symmetric waves in a vacuum sheath helix. An overall explicit sinusoidal variation of the form exp(ikz - i omega t) is assumed (where omega denotes the angular frequency corresponding to the wave number k in the vacuum sheath helix), and the polarization and radial variation of each wave is determined by the boundary conditions in a vacuum sheath helix. The propagation of each wave in vacuo as well as the interaction of each wave with the electron beam is included by allowing the amplitudes of the waves to vary in z and t. A dynamical equation for the field amplitudes is derived analogously to Poynting's equation, and solved in conjunction with the three-dimensional Lorentz force equations for an ensemble of electrons. Electron beams with a both a continuous and emission-gated pulse format are analyzed, and the model is compared with linear theory of the interaction as well as with the performance of a TWTs operated at the Naval Research Laboratory and at Northrop-Grumman Corporation. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Antonsen, Thomas/D-8791-2017 OI Antonsen, Thomas/0000-0002-2362-2430 NR 25 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1996 VL 3 IS 8 BP 3145 EP 3161 DI 10.1063/1.871590 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA VA463 UT WOS:A1996VA46300036 ER PT J AU Robertson, DL Alberte, RS AF Robertson, DL Alberte, RS TI Isolation and characterization of glutamine synthetase from the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SP STRAIN PCC-6803; NITRATE REDUCTASE; BACTEROIDES-FRAGILIS; PROTEIN; GENE; PURIFICATION; ISOFORMS; ALGA; ASSIMILATION; CHLOROPLAST AB Two peaks of glutamine synthetase (CS) activity were resolved by anion-exchange chromatography from the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum Grev. The second peak of activity accounted for greater than 93% of total enzyme activity, and this isoform was purified over 200-fold. Results from denaturing gel electrophoresis and gel-filtration chromatography suggest that six 70-kD subunits constitute the 400-kD native enzyme. The structure of the diatom CS, therefore, appears more similar to that of a type found in bacteria than to the type common among other eukaryotes. Apparent Michaelis constant values were 0.7 mM for NH4+, 5.7 mM for glutamic acid, and 0.5 mM for ATP. Enzyme activity was inhibited by serine, alanine, glycine, phosphinothricin, and methionine sulfoximine. Polyclonal antiserum raised against the purified enzyme localized a single polypeptide on western blots of S. costatum cell lysates and recognized the denatured, native enzyme. Western analysis of the two peak fractions derived from anion-exchange chromatography demonstrated that the 70-kD protein was present only in the later-eluting peak of enzyme activity. This form of GS does not appear to be unique to S. costatum, since the antiserum recognized a similar-sized protein in cell lysates of other chromophytic algae. C1 OFF NAVAL RES,BIOL SCI & TECHNOL PROGRAM,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP Robertson, DL (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MOL GENET & CELL BIOL,920 E 58TH ST,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM07183] NR 46 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 111 IS 4 BP 1169 EP 1175 DI 10.1104/pp.111.4.1169 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA VD688 UT WOS:A1996VD68800024 PM 8756499 ER PT J AU Perry, JC AF Perry, JC TI Lipscomb's universal space is the attractor of an infinite iterated function system SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE dimension theory; Lipscomb's space; fractals; infinite iterated function system AB Lipscomb's one-dimensional space L(A) on an arbitrary index set A is injected into the Tychonoff cube I-A. The image of L(A) is shown to be the attractor of an iterated function system indexed by A. This:system is conjugate, under an injection, with a set of right-shift operators on Baire's space N(A) regarded as a code space. This view of L(A) extends the fractal nature of L(A) initiated in a 1992 joint paper by the author and S. Lipscomb. In addition, we give a new proof that as a subspace of Hilbert's space l(2)(A), the space L(A) is complete and hence is closed in l(2)(A). RP Perry, JC (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC PI PROVIDENCE PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 SN 0002-9939 J9 P AM MATH SOC JI Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 124 IS 8 BP 2479 EP 2489 DI 10.1090/S0002-9939-96-03554-X PG 11 WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics SC Mathematics GA VC726 UT WOS:A1996VC72600027 ER PT J AU Meyrowitz, AL Blidberg, DR Michelson, RC AF Meyrowitz, AL Blidberg, DR Michelson, RC TI Autonomous vehicles SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE LA English DT Article AB There are various kinds of autonomous vehicles (AV's) which can operate with varying levels of autonomy. This paper is concerned with underwater ground, and aerial vehicles operating in a fully autonomous (nonteleoperated) mode, Further, this paper deals with AV's as a special kind of device, rather than full-scale manned vehicles operating unmanned. The distinction is one in which the AV is likely to be designed for autonomous operation rather than being adapted for it as would be the case for manned vehicles. We provide a survey of the technological progress that has been made in AV's, the current research issues and approaches that are continuing that progress, and the applications which motivate this work. It should be noted that issues of control are pervasive regardless of the kind of AV being considered hut that there are special considerations in the design and operation of AV's depending an whether the focus is on vehicles underwater, on the ground, or in the air. We have separated the discussion into sections treating each of these categories. C1 AUTONOMOUS UNDERSEA SYST INST,LEE,NH 03824. GEORGIA TECH RES INST,SMYRNA,GA 30080. INT ASSOC UNMANNED VEHICLE SYST,SMYRNA,GA 30080. RP Meyrowitz, AL (reprint author), USN,CTR APPL RES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 46 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9219 J9 P IEEE JI Proc. IEEE PD AUG PY 1996 VL 84 IS 8 BP 1147 EP 1164 DI 10.1109/5.533960 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UY250 UT WOS:A1996UY25000008 ER PT J AU Makeig, S AnlloVento, L Jung, P Bell, AJ Sejnowski, TJ Hillyard, SA AF Makeig, S AnlloVento, L Jung, P Bell, AJ Sejnowski, TJ Hillyard, SA TI Independent component analysis of event-related potentials during a selective attention task SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,HLTH RES CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. SALK INST BIOL STUDIES,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,COCONUT GROVE,FL 33133. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU SOC PSYCHOPHYSIOL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 1010 VERMONT AVE NW SUITE 1100, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PD AUG PY 1996 VL 33 SU 1 BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA VF577 UT WOS:A1996VF57700231 ER PT J AU Makeig, S Jung, TP Bell, AJ Ghahremani, D Sejnowski, TJ AF Makeig, S Jung, TP Bell, AJ Ghahremani, D Sejnowski, TJ TI Blind separation of event-related brain response components SO PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USN,HLTH RES CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. SALK INST BIOL STUDIES,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU SOC PSYCHOPHYSIOL RES PI WASHINGTON PA 1010 VERMONT AVE NW SUITE 1100, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0048-5772 J9 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY JI Psychophysiology PD AUG PY 1996 VL 33 SU 1 BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Psychology, Biological; Neurosciences; Physiology; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA VF577 UT WOS:A1996VF57700230 ER PT J AU Mathew, J Meger, RA Fernsler, RF Gregor, JA AF Mathew, J Meger, RA Fernsler, RF Gregor, JA TI Retarding field energy analyzer for the characterization of negative glow sheet plasmas in a magnetic field SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID BEAM AB A retarding field energy analyzer has been developed for diagnosing 300 mu s duration, 60 cmx60 cm negative glow, sheet plasmas immersed in a 150-250 G axial magnetic field. The electron density in these 4.5 kV, 13 A, 120 mTorr discharges in air and other gases, is high enough to reflect X-band microwaves. The presence of the magnetic field makes the suppression of secondary electrons from the Faraday collector surface more difficult. The approach taken here is to bias the entire collection circuit and the amplifiers 90 V positive with respect to the data acquisition room. The differentially pumped analyzer is designed to accept electrons with a large range of perpendicular velocities, and it measures the parallel velocity distribution function of the discharge electrons entering a 0.64-mm-diam hole in the anode plate. It gives valuable information about the energy spectrum of the energetic beam electrons emitted from the cathode, and the effect of energy loss and scattering processes on this propagating beam component. Additionally, since the analyzer sampling hole is offset from the anode-cathode axis, the current density profile can be measured for different bias voltages on the retarding grid, by rotating the linear cathode about the vertical anode-cathode axis. These profiles give the sheet thickness for the beam and plasma components of the negative glow discharge. It also gives useful information about the scattering induced beam spreading and its effects on the plasma sheet thickness and electron density. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,INST PLASMA PHYS,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Mathew, J (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 67 IS 8 BP 2818 EP 2825 DI 10.1063/1.1147088 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA VC773 UT WOS:A1996VC77300023 ER PT J AU Incze, BI AF Incze, BI TI Tactical oceanographic battlespace SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Incze, BI (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NUWC DIV,NEWPORT DETACHMENT,NEW LONDON,CT 06320, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 37 IS 8 BP 43 EP 49 PG 7 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VD277 UT WOS:A1996VD27700006 ER PT J AU Frye, DE Boyd, JD AF Frye, DE Boyd, JD TI Expendable oceanographic mooring - XMOOR SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS. RP Frye, DE (reprint author), WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 37 IS 8 BP 61 EP 65 PG 5 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VD277 UT WOS:A1996VD27700008 ER PT J AU Whitman, EC AF Whitman, EC TI Laser airborne bathymetry - Lifting the littoral SO SEA TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article RP Whitman, EC (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU COMPASS PUBL INC PI ARLINGTON PA SUITE 1000 1117 N 19 ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22209 SN 0093-3651 J9 SEA TECHNOL JI Sea Technol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 37 IS 8 BP 95 EP 98 PG 4 WC Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VD277 UT WOS:A1996VD27700013 ER PT J AU Collins, GE RosePehrsson, SL AF Collins, GE RosePehrsson, SL TI Chemiluminescent chemical sensors for inorganic and organic vapors SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators (Eurosensors IX) CY JUN 25-29, 1995 CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN DE chemiluminescence; luminol; tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III); chlorinated hydrocarbons; hydrazine ID TRIS(2,2'-BIPYRIDYL)RUTHENIUM(III) AB A novel class of chemiluminescent, chemical sensors are described which are based upon the immobilization of a chemiluminescent reagent, luminol or tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(III) (Ru(bpy)(3)(3+)), between a miniature photomultiplier tube and a teflon diffusion membrane. The membrane serves to separate the chemiluminescent matrix from a sampled stream of air. Luminol was immobilized within a hydrogel support matrix and utilized for the detection of ppm levels of chlorinated hydrocarbons, including CCl4(g), CHCl3(g) and CH2Cl2(g). This was achieved via the incorporation of a heated Pt filament into the inlet line as a pre-oxidative step prior to passage of the gas stream across the teflon membrane. In an alternate approach, the organometallic complex, Ru(bpy)(3)(3+), an electrochemically regenerable chemiluminescent reagent, was investigated as a reagent for monitoring trace levels of strongly reducing vapors such as hydrazine or ammonia vapor. This approach has been developed into a prototype, real-time instrument. We report the initial testing of a hand-held instrument which is similar to the cell utilized for the luminol chemiluminescence, with the exception that a three electrode electrochemical cell has been incorporated into the system for continuously regenerating the chemiluminescent reagent, Ru(bpy)(3)(3+). RP Collins, GE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6116,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 1-3 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1016/S0925-4005(96)01902-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA WC209 UT WOS:A1996WC20900019 ER PT J AU Kang, YH Brummel, SE Lee, CH AF Kang, YH Brummel, SE Lee, CH TI Differential effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 on lipopolysaccharide induction of endothelial adhesion molecules SO SHOCK LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CELL-ADHESION; HUMAN MONOCYTES; EXPRESSION; ICAM-1; ADHESIVENESS; ADHERENCE; INTERLEUKIN-1; FACTOR-BETA-1; NEUTROPHILS AB In this report, we studied the effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of endothelial cell (EC) adhesion molecules. Confluent human umbilical cord vein EC cultures were stimulated with Escherichia coli LPS and TGF-beta 1, alone or in combination for various times and evaluated for expression of ICAM-1, E-selectin, and VCAM-1 by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay. Effects of LPS and/or TGF-beta 1 on cell growth were also studied by H-3-thymidine incorporation. Both LPS and TGF-beta 1 alone stimulated EC expression of the adhesion molecules in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of TGF-beta 1 on LPS induction of the adhesion molecules varied with LPS concentration and treatment time, mode, and duration. Pretreatment with TGF-beta 1 for 24 h greatly augmented LPS induction of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression, but decreased E-selectin expression. TGF-beta 1 also enhanced expression of the adhesion molecules in cells that were pretreated with 1 mu g/mL LPS for 60 min. Concomitant treatment with TGF-beta 1/LPS resulted in significant increases in ICAM-1 but decreases in VCAM-1 expression. TGF-beta 1 effects on LPS induction of the adhesion molecules were more prominent at lower LPS levels (.001, .01 mu g/mL). Both LPS and TGF-beta 1 suppressed thymidine incorporation in a dose-related pattern. These data suggest that TGF-beta 1 has additive and antagonistic effects on LPS induction of the adhesion molecules and that the cell responsiveness to the stimuli in the expression is related to growth condition of the cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TGF-beta 1 exhibits proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities in human endothelial cells and may play an important role in regulating leukocyte adherence and extravasation under LPS-induced inflammatory conditions. RP Kang, YH (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,SEPT SHOCK RES PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMEDICAL PRESS PI AUGUSTA PA 1021 15TH ST, BIOTECH PARK STE 9, AUGUSTA, GA 30901 SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD AUG PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 118 EP 125 DI 10.1097/00024382-199608000-00007 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA VB270 UT WOS:A1996VB27000007 PM 8856846 ER PT J AU Parhi, S DeBruyne, P Murawski, K Goossens, M Devore, CR AF Parhi, S DeBruyne, P Murawski, K Goossens, M Devore, CR TI Numerical simulations of driven MHD waves in coronal loops SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FLUX-CORRECTED TRANSPORT; FIELD LINE RESONANCES; ALFVEN WAVES; SOLAR CORONA; ABSORPTION; MOTIONS; TUBES; PROMINENCES; ALGORITHM; EVOLUTION AB The solar corona, modeled by a low-beta, resistive plasma slab, sustains MHD wave propagations due to footpoint motions in the photosphere. Simple test cases are undertaken to verify the code. Uniform, smooth and steep density, magnetic profile and driver are considered. The numerical simulations presented here focus on the evolution and properties of the Alfven, fast and slow waves in coronal loops. The plasma responds to the footpoint motion by kink or sausage waves dc, ending on the amount of shear in the magnetic field. The larger twist in the magnetic field of the loop introduces more fast-wave trapping and destroys initially developed sausage-like wave modes. The transition from sausage to kink waves does not depend much on the steep or smooth profile. The slow waves develop more complex fine structures, thus accounting for several local extrema in the perturbed velocity profiles in the loop. Appearance of the remnants of the ideal singularities characteristic of ideal plasma is the prominent feature of this study. The Alfven wave which produces remnants of the ideal x(-1) singularity, reminiscent of Alfven resonance at the loop edges, becomes less pronounced for larger twist. Larger shear in the magnetic field makes the development of pseudo-singularity less prominent in case of a steep profile than that in case of a smooth profile. The twist also causes heating at the edges, associated with the resonance and the phase mixing of the Alfven and slow waves, to slowly shift to layers inside the slab corresponding to peaks in the magnetic field strength. In addition, increasing the twist leads to a higher heating rate of the loop. Remnants of the ideal log \x\ singularity are observed for fast waves for larger twist. For slow waves they are absent when the plasma experiences large twist in a short time. The steep profiles do not favour the creation of pseudo-singularities as easily as in the smooth case. C1 USN, RES LAB, COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN, CTR PLASMA ASTROPHYS, B-3001 LOUVAIN, BELGIUM. RI DeVore, C/A-6067-2015 OI DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 167 IS 1-2 BP 181 EP 202 DI 10.1007/BF00146336 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VB303 UT WOS:A1996VB30300014 ER PT J AU Cargill, PJ AF Cargill, PJ TI A possible difficulty with a nanoflare-heated corona SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; SOLAR CORONA; CURRENT SHEETS; FLARE LOOPS; X-RAY; FIELDS; MODELS; LINES; ENERGY; WAVES AB Spectral line profiles associated with the nanoflare model of coronal heating are computed. It is shown that the reconnection jets associated with this heating model lead to Doppler shifts or line broadening of coronal spectral lines in excess of those observed. Some possible resolutions of the problem are suggested. RP Cargill, PJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,CODE 6790,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 167 IS 1-2 BP 267 EP 279 DI 10.1007/BF00146339 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA VB303 UT WOS:A1996VB30300017 ER PT J AU Dresner, D Coyle, W Nemec, R Peterson, R Duntemann, T Lawson, JM AF Dresner, D Coyle, W Nemec, R Peterson, R Duntemann, T Lawson, JM TI Efficacy of ciprofloxacin in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; DUODENAL-ULCER; GASTRIC-MUCOSA; PEPTIC-ULCER; INFECTION; RECURRENCE; THERAPY; FAILURE AB In small preliminary trials, ciprofloxacin has failed to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Since fluoroquinolones have a marked reduction in bactericidal activity at acidic pH, we altered the gastric pH using omeprazole and investigated the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in eradicating H pylori. Forty-four consecutive patients infected with H pylori were prospectively studied in a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial comparing ciprofloxacin with a placebo for 2 weeks. Both treatment groups received bismuth and omeprazole. In 36 patients, follow-up endoscopy was done 4 weeks after the cessation of all study drugs. The H pylori infection cleared in 13 of 17 patients (76%) in the ciprofloxacin group versus 5 of 19 (26%) in the placebo group. Concurrent administration of omeprazole with ciprofloxacin resulted in increased bactericidal activity against H pylori. Ciprofloxacin when combined with omeprazole and bismuth is efficacious for eradication of H pylori. C1 USN,DEPT GASTROENTEROL,MED CTR,PORTSMOUTH,VA 23708. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 89 IS 8 BP 775 EP 778 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA VA665 UT WOS:A1996VA66500004 PM 8701375 ER PT J AU Murray, JS Gilardi, R Grice, ME Lane, P Politzer, P AF Murray, JS Gilardi, R Grice, ME Lane, P Politzer, P TI Structures and molecular surface electrostatic potentials of high-density C, N, H systems SO STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE high-density compounds; tri-s-triazine; ditetrazolodiazines; diazides; high-nitrogen compounds; surface electrostatic potentials AB Tri-s-triazine and two ditetrazolodiazines are known to have unusually high crystal densities (for unsubstituted C, N, H compounds). We have used a nonlocal density functional procedure to compute the geometries and energies of these and three related molecules, and then calculated the ab initio SCF electrostatic potentials on their molecular surfaces. We attribute the high densities to the relatively small molecular volumes and the strong intermolecular attractions arising from highly varying surface potentials. The energy differences of the two ditetrazoles and their diazide tautomers were computed, as well as for the dinitro derivative of one of the former. C1 UNIV NEW ORLEANS,DEPT CHEM,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70148. USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 1040-0400 J9 STRUCT CHEM JI Struct. Chem. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 7 IS 4 BP 273 EP 280 DI 10.1007/BF02254843 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA UZ609 UT WOS:A1996UZ60900004 ER PT J AU Karle, IL Ranganathan, D Haridas, V AF Karle, IL Ranganathan, D Haridas, V TI A persistent preference for layer motifs in self-assemblies of squarates and hydrogen squarates by hydrogen bonding [X-H center dot center dot center dot O; X=N, O, or C]: A crystallographic study of five organic salts SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; BONDED LAYERS; AMINO-ACIDS; CHEMISTRY; ANIONS; DESIGN AB The synthesis and single-crystal X-ray structures of hydrogen squarates of imidazole (1), histidine (2), and 2-aminopyridine (4) and squarates of histidine (3) and 4-aminopyridine (5) are reported. Both hydrogen squarate [HSQ](1-) and squarate [SQ](2-) ions participate in complementary hydrogen bonding [X-H ... O; X = N, O, or C] networks. While the [HSQ](1-) ion acts both asa donor and as an acceptor of hydrogen bonds in salts 1, 2, and 4 and creates head-to-tail infinite chains of anions in 1 and head-to-head ten-membered cyclic dimers in 4, the [SQ](2-) ion participates as a powerful acceptor of as many as six hydrogen bonds in 3 and 5. In all cases, extensive hydrogen bonding and ionic interactions between the components lead to layered assemblies. In 1, the cross-linking of the [HSQ](1-) chains by protonated imidazolium ions through N-H ... O bonds creates a two-dimensional ionic sheet which is further stabilized by the presence of C-H ... O bonds resulting from the participation of the imidazolium C-H groups. In 2 and 3, the layered structures are formed by cross-linking of the cationic self-assemblies (His-His infinite helices in 2 and His-His zigzag ribbons in 3) by [HSQ](1-) and [SQ](2-), respectively. A novel feature in 3 is the presence of two C-H ... O bonds between the more acidic CH group and the O1 in [SQ](2-). In 4, the cyclic dimers of [HSQ](1-) are interwoven into a two-dimensional sheet with a checker-board motif by the participation of 2-aminopyridinium cation in horizontal and vertical N-H ... O bonds. The two-dimensional layered assembly in 5 arises by extensive participation of water molecules in cross-linking of the alternating anion-cation conjugates both in horizontal and vertical directions. Irrespective of the presence of different types of hydrogen-bonding patterns in the structures of 1-5, the persistent formation of a two-dimensional layered assembly is significant and may be a characteristic of squaric acid salts. C1 CSIR,REG RES LAB,BIOMOL RES UNIT,TRIVANDRUM 695019,KERALA,INDIA. RP Karle, IL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI V, haridas/K-2992-2012; TVM, NIIST/E-5132-2012 OI TVM, NIIST/0000-0002-5814-466X NR 32 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 31 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 30 BP 7128 EP 7133 DI 10.1021/ja953167e PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA VA026 UT WOS:A1996VA02600015 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, R Christian, TF Thiel, RA AF Mukherjee, R Christian, TF Thiel, RA TI An actuation system for the control of multiple shape memory alloy actuators SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL LA English DT Article DE actuation systems; shape memory alloys AB Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are often used as actuators in articulated miniature devices. These devices typically use multiple actuators to achieve multiple degrees of articulation. The actuators are usually activated by electrical current, which conventionally requires more connecting wires than the number of actuators. Due to space constraints, the degrees of articulation of a miniature device may be limited by the number of electrical connecting wires that may be accommodated in the device. This paper presents a new method for the actuation and control of multiple SMA elements using the minimum number of connecting wires. In this method, the SMA elements are arranged in the form of a matrix and each element of the matrix is actuated by switching two solid-state switches: one for the row and the other for the column containing the SMA element. The thermal inertia of the elements is exploited as they are actuated sequentially by short current pulses. The magnitude of the current pulse can be computed in open-loop or closed-loop fashion using resistance feedback. The actuation system has been implemented in hardware and experiments have been conducted; some results are presented here. Though the actuation system has been developed for SMAs, its concept can be extended fairly easily for powering an array of actuators other than SMAs or for the transmission of signals from an array of sensors. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RI Mukherjee, Ranjan/A-7518-2009 NR 13 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0924-4247 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT A-PHYS JI Sens. Actuator A-Phys. PD JUL 31 PY 1996 VL 55 IS 2-3 BP 185 EP 192 DI 10.1016/S0924-4247(97)80077-5 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA VZ290 UT WOS:A1996VZ29000019 ER PT J AU Velikovich, AL Cochran, FL Davis, J AF Velikovich, AL Cochran, FL Davis, J TI Suppression of Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Z-pinch loads with tailored density profiles SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; LIMIT AB A load structure with tailored density profile which delays the onset of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability development in imploding Z pinches by inverting acceleration of the magnetic field/plasma interface is proposed and studied numerically. This approach makes it possible to start gas-puff-implosions from large radii (say, 8 cm) and produce significant K-shell yield with current pulse duration of 250 ns and longer. It could also be used to mitigate imprinting of initial perturbations into laser fusion targets. C1 BERKELEY RES ASSOCIATES INC,SPRINGFIELD,VA 22150. USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Velikovich, AL (reprint author), BERKELEY SCHOLARS INC,SPRINGFIELD,VA 22150, USA. RI Velikovich, Alexander/B-1113-2009 NR 13 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 29 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 5 BP 853 EP 856 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.853 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UY952 UT WOS:A1996UY95200016 ER PT J AU Doolan, DL Hedstrom, RC Rogers, WO Charoenvit, Y Rogers, M delaVega, P Hoffman, SL AF Doolan, DL Hedstrom, RC Rogers, WO Charoenvit, Y Rogers, M delaVega, P Hoffman, SL TI Identification and characterization of the protective Hepatocyte erythrocyte protein 17 kDa gene of Plasmodium yoelii, homolog of Plasmodium falciparum exported protein 1 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE; BLOOD-STAGE ANTIGEN; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; HOST ERYTHROCYTE; SPOROZOITE; ANTIBODIES; SEQUENCE; DNA AB We recently reported the discovery of a 17-kDa Plasmodium yoelii protein expressed in infected hepatocytes and erythrocytes, P. yoelii hepatocyte erythrocyte protein 17 (PyHEP17), and have demonstrated that this protein is a target of protective antibodies and T cells, Here, we report the identification and characterization of the gene encoding this protein and reveal that it is composed of two exons, Immunization of mice with PyHEP17 plasmid DNA induces antibodies, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and protective immunity directed against the infected hepatocyte, Based on extensive sequence homology, expression pattern, and antigenic cross-reactivity, the Plasmodium falciparum homolog of PyHEP17 is identified as the protein known as exported protein-1 (PfExp-1), also called antigen 5.1, circumsporozoite related antigen, or QF116. Identity between PyHEP17 and PfExp-1 is 37% at the amino acid level (60/161 residues), mapping primarily to two regions within the second exon of 73% (16/22 residues) and 71% (25/35 residues) identity, On this basis, PfExp-1 is proposed as an important component of pre-erythrocytic human malaria vaccines. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USN,MED RES INST,MALARIA PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. RI Doolan, Denise/F-1969-2015 NR 44 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 26 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 30 BP 17861 EP 17868 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UY935 UT WOS:A1996UY93500043 PM 8663412 ER PT J AU Murakami, M Takahashi, Y Isashi, Y Kon, S Jia, WY Inobe, M Abe, R Uede, T AF Murakami, M Takahashi, Y Isashi, Y Kon, S Jia, WY Inobe, M Abe, R Uede, T TI Identification and characterization of an alternative cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 binding molecule on B cells SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SIGNAL TRANSDUCER; CTLA-4; ACTIVATION; LIGAND; CD28; EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR; ANTIGEN; CLONING; GP130 AB To determine whether alternative cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) binding proteins exist on B cells, we constructed (i) mCTLA4hIgG consisting of the extracellular region of a mouse CTLA4 molecule and the Fc portion of a human IgG1 molecule and (ii) PYAAhIgG, a mutant mCTLA4hIgG, having two amino acid substitutions on the conserved MYPPPY motif in the complementarity-determining region 3-like region and lacking detectable binding to both B7-1 and B7-2 molecules. Using these fusion proteins (mCTLA4hIgG and PYAAhIgG), we demonstrated that a mouse immature B-cell line, WEH1231 cells, expressed alternative CTLA4 binding molecules (ACBMs) that were distinct from both B7-1 and B7-2. ACBMs were 130-kDa disulfide-linked proteins. More importantly, ACBMs were able to provide costimulatory signal for T-cell proliferation in the presence of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies. In addition, we demonstrated that more than 20% of B220(+) cells obtained from normal mouse spleen expressed ACBMs. C1 USN,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. RP Murakami, M (reprint author), HOKKAIDO UNIV,INST IMMUNOL SCI,SECT IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS,KITA KU,KITA 15,NISHI 7,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN. RI Kon, Shigeyuki/A-3809-2012; INOBE, Manabu/D-8393-2015 NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 23 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 15 BP 7838 EP 7842 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.15.7838 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UY930 UT WOS:A1996UY93000077 PM 8755563 ER PT J AU Erwin, SC Baski, AA Whitman, LJ AF Erwin, SC Baski, AA Whitman, LJ TI Structure and stability of Si(114)-(2x1) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHASE-DIAGRAM; SURFACES; SI(001); SILICON; STEPS AB We describe a recently discovered stable planar surface of silicon,-Si(114). This high-index surface, oriented 19.5 degrees away from (001) toward (111), undergoes a 2 x 1 reconstruction. We propose a complete model for the reconstructed surface based on scanning tunneling microscopy images and first-principles total-energy calculations. The structure and stability of Si(114)-(2 x 1) arises from a balance between surface dangling bond reduction and surface stress relief, and provides a key to understanding the morphology of a family of surfaces oriented between (001) and (114). RP USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Erwin, Steven/B-1850-2009; Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011 OI Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 NR 15 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 22 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 4 BP 687 EP 690 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.687 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UY984 UT WOS:A1996UY98400026 ER PT J AU Kendziora, C Kelley, RJ Onellion, M AF Kendziora, C Kelley, RJ Onellion, M TI Superconducting gap anisotropy vs doping level in high-T-c cuprates SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC RAMAN-SCATTERING; A-B PLANE; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; ORDER-PARAMETER; BI2SR2CACU2O8+DELTA; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATIONS; DEPENDENCE AB We report the results of electronic Raman scattering in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi2212) and Tl2Ba2CuO6+delta (Tl2201) high-T-c superconductors with variations in the oxygen content. Near optimal doping, both materials show gap anisotropy, with 2 Delta/k(B)T(c) values of 7.2 (B-1g) vs 5.8 (A(1g)) in Tl2201 and 8.5 (B-1g) vs 6.2 (A(1g)) in Bi2212. Kowever, overdoped samples exhibit a symmetry independent gap with 2 Delta/k(B)T(c) ranging from 5.2 for Bi2212 (T-c = 57 K) to 3.9 in Tl2201 (T-c = 37 K). We compare the data with calculations using both isotropic s-wave and d-wave order parameters. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 6650, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 31 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUL 22 PY 1996 VL 77 IS 4 BP 727 EP 730 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.727 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UY984 UT WOS:A1996UY98400036 ER PT J AU Zhang, XY Yao, XT Dalton, JT Shams, G Lei, LP Patil, PN Feller, DR Hsu, FL George, C Miller, DD AF Zhang, XY Yao, XT Dalton, JT Shams, G Lei, LP Patil, PN Feller, DR Hsu, FL George, C Miller, DD TI Medetomidine analogs as alpha 2-adrenergic ligands .2. Design, synthesis, and biological activity of conformationally restricted naphthalene derivatives of medetomidine SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DEFINED ADRENERGIC AGENTS; RECEPTORS; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; ADRENOCEPTOR; REQUIREMENTS; IMIDAZOLINE; ACTIVATION; AGONISTS; ISOMERS; BINDING AB A new series of naphthalene analogs of medetomidine have been prepared and evaluated for their alpha-adrenergic activities. The methylnaphthyl analog 5a showed significant selectivity for alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and behaved as a partial alpha(1)-agonist in rat aorta preparations. In contrast, the Z-ethylene analog 8c was alpha(1)-selective and behaved as a potent alpha(1)-antagonist. Two rigid analogs (6 and 7) exhibited large differences in binding affinities at alpha(1)- vs alpha(2)-receptors, indicating that the conformational flexibility of 5a is important for the fulfillment of the alpha-adrenergic activities. Molecular modeling studies began with conformational analysis of classical phenethylamines and medetomidine analogs. Superimposition of medetomidine conformations with those of phenethylamines provided a tentative explanation for the alpha(2)-adrenergic activity of the new imidazoles. A common binding mode for phenethylamines and imidazoles with alpha(2)-adrenoceptors is proposed. Knowledge of the biological properties of the 4-substituted imidazoles, integrated with the information derived from computer-assisted molecular modeling, has provided new insights for the structural and conformational requirements of this class as new adrenergic drugs. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARMACEUT SCI,MEMPHIS,TN 38163. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL PHARM,DIV MED CHEM & PHARMACOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. USA,EDGEWOOD RES DEV & ENGN CTR,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. OI dalton, James T/0000-0002-3915-7326 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-29358-12] NR 41 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD JUL 19 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 15 BP 3001 EP 3013 DI 10.1021/jm9506074 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UY270 UT WOS:A1996UY27000016 PM 8709134 ER PT J AU Davis, MA Bellemore, DG Putnam, MA Kersey, AD AF Davis, MA Bellemore, DG Putnam, MA Kersey, AD TI Interrogation of 60 fibre Bragg grating sensors with microstrain resolution capability SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gratings in fibres; fibre optics sensors ID STRAIN SENSOR AB The authors report the demonstration of an instrumentation system capable of monitoring a large number of Bragg gratings using: a common source and scanning narrowband filter. The system described monitors five arrays of 12 Bragg gratings sensors for a total of 60 sensor elements with mu strain resolution. RP Davis, MA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5673,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 9 TC 43 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUL 18 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 15 BP 1393 EP 1394 DI 10.1049/el:19960908 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA VA513 UT WOS:A1996VA51300047 ER PT J AU Hill, EA Yesinowski, JP AF Hill, EA Yesinowski, JP TI Wide-line N-14 NMR in solids and reorientation-induced redistribution of isochromats SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEMS; KNO3 C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUL 17 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 28 BP 6798 EP 6799 DI 10.1021/ja960757j PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UX673 UT WOS:A1996UX67300040 ER PT J AU Smith, PA Son, PS Callaghan, PM Jederberg, WW Kuhlmann, K Still, KR AF Smith, PA Son, PS Callaghan, PM Jederberg, WW Kuhlmann, K Still, KR TI Sampling and analysis of airborne resin acids and solvent-soluble material derived from heated colophony (rosin) flux: A method to quantify exposure to sensitizing compounds liberated during electronics soldering SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Risk Assessment Issues for Sensitive Human Populations CY APR 25-27, 1995 CL DAYTON, OH SP Tri Serv Toxicol, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, US EPA, Off Res & Dev, ATSDR, Div Toxicol DE airborne; analysis; colophony; gravimetric; rosin; sensitization ID OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; CONTACT ALLERGY; PRODUCTS; WORKERS; FUMES; DERMATITIS; LEUKEMIA; BENZENE AB Components of colophony (rosin) resin acids are sensitizers through dermal and pulmonary exposure to heated and unheated material. Significant work in the literature identifies specific resin acids and their oxidation products as sensitizers. Pulmonary exposure to colophony sensitizers has been estimated indirectly through formaldehyde exposure. To assess pulmonary sensitization from airborne resin acids, direct measurement is desired, as the degree to which aldehyde exposure correlates with that of resin acids during colophony heating is undefined, Any analytical method proposed should be applicable to a range of compounds and should also identify specific compounds present in a breathing zone sample. This work adapts OSHA Sampling and Analytical Method 58, which is designed to provide airborne concentration data for coal tar pitch volatile solids by air filtration through a glass fiber filter, solvent extraction of the filter, and gravimetric analysis of the non-volatile extract residue. In addition to data regarding total soluble material captured, a portion of the extract may be subjected to compound-specific analysis. Levels of soluble solids found during personal breathing zone sampling during electronics soldering in a Naval Aviation Depot ranged from below the ''reliable quantitation limit'' reported in the method to 7.98 mg/m(3), Colophony-spiked filters analyzed in accordance with the method (modified) produced a limit of detection for total solvent-soluble colophony solids of 10 mu g/filter. High performance liquid chromatography was used to identify abietic acid present in a breathing zone sample. C1 MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,DAYTON,OH 45437. USN,MED RES INST DETACHMENT TOXICOL,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. USN HOSP,JACKSONVILLE,FL. RI Smith, Philip/A-6835-2009 OI Smith, Philip/0000-0003-3787-9111 NR 45 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 17 PY 1996 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 225 EP 238 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(96)03379-3 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA VB148 UT WOS:A1996VB14800020 PM 8711739 ER PT J AU Briggs, GB AF Briggs, GB TI Risk assessment policy for evaluating reproductive system toxicants and the impact of responses on sensitive populations SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Risk Assessment Issues for Sensitive Human Populations CY APR 25-27, 1995 CL DAYTON, OH SP Tri Serv Toxicol, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, US EPA, Off Res & Dev, ATSDR, Div Toxicol DE developmental toxicology; EPA risk assessment policy; extrapolating toxicity data; reproductive toxicology; reproductive system risk assessment; sperm staging ID DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY EXPERIMENTS; MULTIROUTE EXPOSURE MODEL; INFORMATION-SERVICES; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; TOXICOLOGY; RAT; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; TERATOLOGY; METABOLITE AB Risk assessment policy for evaluating environmental chemicals for their potential to produce reproductive system failures is similar to policy for evaluating cancer-causing effects. The objective of reproductive system risk assessment is to expand on the test standards that primarily focus on fertility endpoints and birth defects by using mechanism-of-action studies and quantitative risk assessment methods. An understanding of the sensitivity of reproductive system insult between animal species and from animal models to man is critical to developing risk assessment policy and test standards. The reproductive process is complex and involves a number of maturation and sex cell development processes. Sensitivity to insult varies throughout this process, especially during, (1) the development of the conceptus, sperm and ova, (2) fertilization, (3) implantation, and (4) puberty. Reproductive failure has many causes and clinical effects. Risk assessment policy is directed toward reducing the uncertainty associated with the cause by providing a guide to understanding how dose, duration, and characteristics of the reproductive toxicant affect the reproductive process. RP USN, GEOCTR INC, MED RES INST DETACHMENT TOXICOL, BLDG 433, AREA B, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. NR 102 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 17 PY 1996 VL 111 IS 1-3 BP 305 EP 313 DI 10.1016/0300-483X(96)03384-7 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA VB148 UT WOS:A1996VB14800025 PM 8711745 ER PT J AU Yanchunas, J Axley, MJ Fairman, R Robertson, JG AF Yanchunas, J Axley, MJ Fairman, R Robertson, JG TI Spectroscopic properties of E-coli UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvylglucosamine reductase SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUL 16 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 28 BP 47 EP 47 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UX738 UT WOS:A1996UX73800080 ER PT J AU Corbett, JM Dickman, MH AF Corbett, JM Dickman, MH TI 4,5-Bis(fluorodinitromethyl)-2-methoxy-1,3-dioxolane SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PHASE AB The 1,3-dioxolane ring of the title compound, C6H6F2N4O11, is in a slightly distorted 'twist' conformation. The largest deviations from the least-squares plane of the ring are exhibited by a C and an adjacent O atom which are displaced in opposite directions by about 0.23 Angstrom. Bond distances agree well with those of the analogous formate ester, the major differences arising from the change in hybridization of the C5 atom from sp(2) in the ester to sp(3) in the present compound. The closest intermolecular interactions arise from nitro group O ... O contacts of 2.9 Angstrom between pairs of layers of molecules. Sublimed crystals 'jump' up to 1 cm and crack when gently heated (313 K). C1 GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20057. RP Corbett, JM (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,INDIAN HEAD,MD 20640, USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 1851 EP 1853 DI 10.1107/S010827019600265X PN 7 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA VB092 UT WOS:A1996VB09200106 ER PT J AU Griscom, DL Golant, KM Tomashuk, AL Pavlov, DV Tarabrin, YA AF Griscom, DL Golant, KM Tomashuk, AL Pavlov, DV Tarabrin, YA TI gamma-Radiation resistance of aluminum-coated all-silica optical fibers fabricated using different types of silica in the core SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Induced loss spectra in four Al-coated large-core optical fibers are measured in the range 380-1000 nm during and after Co-60 gamma irradiation. These fibers had F-doped-silica claddings and synthetic silica core materials produced by different technologies. Measurements were carried out independently in Washington and Moscow using differing techniques but yielding very similar results. The highest radiation resistance is exhibited by two fibers with extremely low OH and Cl contents in their cores, one with a core material containing 0.5 mass % of fluorine, fabricated specially for this study, and one based on KS-4V silica, an original technology developed in Russia. The latter fiber demonstrates a rather flat induced loss spectrum in the visible region at a level of 2-2.5 dB/m for gamma-ray doses of similar to 10 MGy(Si). (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST GEN PHYS,FIBER OPT RES CTR,MOSCOW 117942,RUSSIA. IV KURCHATOV ATOM ENERGY INST,RUSSIAN RES CTR,MOSCOW 123182,RUSSIA. RP Griscom, DL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Golant, Konstantin/G-5142-2012; Golant, konstantin/Q-6656-2016 NR 10 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 3 BP 322 EP 324 DI 10.1063/1.118047 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW820 UT WOS:A1996UW82000013 ER PT J AU Thornhill, JW Whitney, KG Davis, J Apruzese, JP AF Thornhill, JW Whitney, KG Davis, J Apruzese, JP TI Investigation of K-shell emission from moderate-Z, low-eta (-velocity), Z-pinch implosions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-EMISSION; ARRAY IMPLOSIONS; RADIATION; PLASMAS AB Because of the large amount of kinetic energy and mass needed for efficient production of K-shell emission from moderate atomic number z-pinch plasmas (Z>22), moderate Z experiments performed in the near future will likely take place at relatively low implosion velocities or low-eta values, where eta is defined as the ratio of lire maximum kinetic energy per ion generated prior to stagnation to the minimum energy per ion, E(min) needed to instantly heat and to ionize a plasma into the K shell upon stagnation of the pinch. Since there has been no systematic theoretical or experimental investigations of K-shell yield scaling with mass and atomic number in the low-eta regime eta similar to 1-3, in anticipation of such future experiments, we report on the results of our theoretical investigation into this regime. in particular aluminum, argon, titanium, and krypton plasmas were studied using a 1D radiation hydrodynamics model that uses enhanced transport coefficients to phenomenologically attain the stagnation conditions of experimental z-pinches, The results of this study have identified the following important effects: low-eta plasmas remain in an inefficient mass(2) (or current(4)) scaling regime at much higher masses than predicted by our earlier work,(1,2) which was based on eta > 3.7 calculations. Thus, more energy than predicted by the earlier scaling laws will apparently be needed to obtain significant amounts of, for example, krypton K-shell emission. In addition; lags in ionization times become important increasingly with the Z of the plasma and adversely affect K-shell emission. The physics responsible for these time dependent effects and how they will influence the design of future experiments are discussed. RP Thornhill, JW (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 2 BP 710 EP 718 DI 10.1063/1.362923 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UX156 UT WOS:A1996UX15600013 ER PT J AU Bermudez, VM AF Bermudez, VM TI Study of oxygen chemisorption on the GaN(0001)-(1x1) surface SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; AUGER-ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; SPECIES-SPECIFIC DENSITIES; GAAS(110) SURFACES; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; SENSITIVITY FACTORS; ALN FILMS; OXIDATION; GA; TRANSITIONS AB Clean, ordered GaN(0001)-(1 X 1) surfaces are prepared by sputtering with nitrogen ions followed by annealing in ultrahigh vaccum. The surfaces are subsequently exposed at room temperature to O-2 and the chemisorption process studied using Auger, valence and core-level photoemission and electron energy loss spectroscopies, low-energy electron diffraction, and work function measurements. Saturation occurs at a coverage of Theta(ox)=0.4 ML and is accompanied by the removal of surface slates near the band edges. The continued presence of a clear (1 x 1) diffraction pattern, together with other data, indicates a well-defined adsorption site, but the relative importance of Ga-O and N-O bonding remains undetermined. The realization that surface states exist near the valence-band maximum has led to a more accurate determination of the surface Fermi-level pinning position, and of dependent quantities, than given previously. Clean-surface data are also compared with those for surfaces prepared by in situ deposition of Ga metal followed by thermal desorption. No significant differences are seen, which suggests that nitrogen-ion sputtering and annealing is suitable for preparing clean, ordered GaN(0001)-(1 X 1) surfaces. The results for O chemisorption on atomically clean surfaces have been applied to evaluating the passivation of surfaces prepared by ex situ wet-chemical cleaning. The hand bending is found to be similar to 0.5 eV less than on atomically clean surfaces. RP Bermudez, VM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 67 TC 231 Z9 232 U1 6 U2 62 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 2 BP 1190 EP 1200 DI 10.1063/1.362924 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UX156 UT WOS:A1996UX15600085 ER PT J AU Griffin, OM Peltzer, RD Wang, HT Schultz, WW AF Griffin, OM Peltzer, RD Wang, HT Schultz, WW TI Kinematic and dynamic evolution of deep water breaking waves SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID AFFECTING MICROWAVE BACKSCATTER; STEEP GRAVITY-WAVES; SURFACE-WAVES; WIND; DEFORMATION; HYDROFOIL; SEA AB Experiments were performed to exploit the dispersive properties of unsteady surface waves and to induce breaking by using a modified chirp pulse technique to focus the wave energy at a specific location in the Naval Research Laboratory deep water wave channel. The experiments have resulted in a highly resolved archive of breaking events ranging from wave steepening and incipient breaking to spilling and to plunging. The potential energy density, the crest front steepness, the horizontal asymmetry, and other geometric properties of an incipient breaker vary only within a moderate band about their mean values over the extent of these experiments. Thus the properties of an incipient unsteady breaker are well defined. The application of the phase-time or Hilbert transform method to the data set provides new insights into the local properties of the unsteady wave breaking. Recently, spectral and piecewise-linear algorithms for two-dimensional potential flow were developed and used by Schuliz et al. [1994] to compare the onset of breaking for several methods of energy input to the unsteady wave system. The computations show that steep plunging waves occur when energy input rates are large. The various energy input methods exhibit similar breaking trends in the limit as the energy input rate becomes small in that incipient spilling breakers form when the potential energy is approximately 52 to 54% of the energy for the most energetic Stokes wave, with the formation of a singularity immediately before the crest. C1 USN, RES LAB, REMOTE SENSING DIV, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, MEAM DEPT, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. NR 51 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C7 BP 16515 EP 16531 DI 10.1029/96JC00281 PG 17 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA UX792 UT WOS:A1996UX79200019 ER PT J AU Shiller, AM Teague, WJ Hallock, ZR AF Shiller, AM Teague, WJ Hallock, ZR TI Deep water properties near 35 degrees N, 143 degrees E, observed during the Kuroshio Extension Regional Experiment SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SUBARCTIC PACIFIC-OCEAN; SILICA MAXIMUM; NORTH PACIFIC; CURRENTS; CIRCULATION AB Deep water measurements were obtained from a closely spaced conductivity-temperature-depth hydrographic section that crossed the Japan Trench and the Kuroshio in the vicinity of the Kashima 1 Seamount near 35 degrees N, 143 degrees E. Vertical sections of temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, and nutrients are discussed for water below 1000 m. At the northwestern extreme of the section the existence of a southward-flowing deep western boundary current is suggested by the silica distribution as well as by geostrophic calculations. In the vicinity of the seamount, hydrographic properties are perturbed and contrasting variabilities are found in the deep water characteristics along the section. The measurements also suggest a deep northward flow associated with the trench. Current meter observations [Hallock and Teague, 1996 ] along the section lend credence to these interpretations. These observations help piece together an overall picture of the deep and abyssal circulation of the northwest Pacific. C1 USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Shiller, AM (reprint author), UNIV SO MISSISSIPPI,INST MARINE SCI,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529, USA. OI Shiller, Alan/0000-0002-2068-7909 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C7 BP 16695 EP 16702 DI 10.1029/96JC01450 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA UX792 UT WOS:A1996UX79200031 ER PT J AU Inobe, M Aoki, N Linsley, PS Ledbetter, JA Abe, R Murakami, M Uede, T AF Inobe, M Aoki, N Linsley, PS Ledbetter, JA Abe, R Murakami, M Uede, T TI The role of the B7-1a molecule, an alternatively spliced form of murine B7-1 (CD80), on T cell activation SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-STABLE ANTIGEN; COSTIMULATORY SIGNAL; COUNTER-RECEPTOR; LYMPHOCYTES-T; CTLA-4; CD28; BINDING; LIGAND; IDENTIFICATION; PROLIFERATION AB B7 molecules (CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2/B70)) on APCs provide costimulatory signals for T cell proliferation. We previously described the presence of an alternatively spliced form of murine CD80 (previously termed MB7-2 and renamed as B7-1a) that completely lacks the second Ig-like domain coded by exon 3 in activated murine B cells. In this study, we first examined whether B7-1a mRNA can be detected in vivo by RNase protection assay. The expression of B7-1a mRNA was only detected in lymphoid organs although the level of expression was lesser than that of CD80 mRNA. However, we demonstrated that the expression of B7-1a mRNA like CD80 mRNA was considerably augmented in spleen cells treated with either LPS in vitro or OVA/CFA conjugate in vivo. We next determined the functional activity of B7-1a using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected by B7 genes. When resting T cells were cocultured with CHO cells expressing B7-1a molecules in the presence of PMA/ionomycin, T cell proliferation was not detected, while CHO cells either expressing CD80 or CD86 could promote the proliferation of resting T cells. In contrast to resting T cells, CHO cells expressing B7-1a could support the proliferation of activated T cells. Thus, costimulatory activity of B7-1a molecules was dependent upon the activation stage of T cells. Therefore the IgV-like region of CD80 contains a critical region for functional interaction with its ligands and can transduce a costimulatory signal for T cell proliferation. C1 HOKKAIDO UNIV,INST IMMUNOL SCI,IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS SECT,KITA KU,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,SEATTLE,WA 98121. USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. SCI UNIV TOKYO,RES INST BIOL SCI,NODA,CHIBA 278,JAPAN. RI INOBE, Manabu/D-8393-2015 NR 42 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 157 IS 2 BP 582 EP 588 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA UW154 UT WOS:A1996UW15400013 PM 8752905 ER PT J AU Menon, ESK Fox, AG Mahapatra, R AF Menon, ESK Fox, AG Mahapatra, R TI Accurate determination of the lattice parameters of gamma-TiAl alloys SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article C1 LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. RP Menon, ESK (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0261-8028 J9 J MATER SCI LETT JI J. Mater. Sci. Lett. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 15 IS 14 BP 1231 EP 1233 DI 10.1007/BF00274384 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA UZ306 UT WOS:A1996UZ30600012 ER PT J AU Steffen, R Forchel, A Reinecke, TL Koch, T Albrecht, M Oshinowo, J Faller, F AF Steffen, R Forchel, A Reinecke, TL Koch, T Albrecht, M Oshinowo, J Faller, F TI Single quantum dots as local probes of electronic properties of semiconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NONLINEAR OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; BIEXCITONS; STATES; WELLS AB We investigated size- and excitation-intensity-dependent changes of the luminescence spectra of single In0.14Ga0.86As/GaAs quantum dots with diameters between 200 and 40 nm. The dot sizes investigated range from effectively two-dimensional structures down to diameters which are comparable to the length scales of electronic excitations, e.g., the excitonic Bohr radius, or of compositional fluctuations at interfaces. For dots occupied by single excitons, the luminescence linewidth decreases continuously with decreasing diameter. Using model calculations we relate this behavior to compositional fluctuations and obtain an estimate for their characteristic length scale. If the dots are occupied by several excitons the luminescence linewidth increases systematically with decreasing size. We describe this behavior by a model of carrier-carrier interaction effects on the luminescence linewidths. C1 MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH,D-70506 STUTTGART,GERMANY. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Steffen, R (reprint author), UNIV WURZBURG,D-97074 WURZBURG,GERMANY. OI Forchel, Alfred/0000-0002-9377-9935 NR 14 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 3 BP 1510 EP 1513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1510 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UZ861 UT WOS:A1996UZ86100024 ER PT J AU Elson, JM Tran, P AF Elson, JM Tran, P TI Coupled-mode calculation with the R-matrix propagator for the dispersion of surface waves on a truncated photonic crystal SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GRATINGS; DIFFRACTION AB We describe a modal expansion method with an R-matrix propagation algorithm that can be applied to calculate the dispersion of surface and guided waves supported by a finite thickness photonic crystal. Easy to implement, the R matrix has the advantage of inherent numerical stability and allows photonic crystals of complex structure, which are many waves in thickness to be analyzed. This method is also computationally simpler that the supercell method when looking for surface modes. It can also be applied to many other dispersion problems including multilayer gratings and waveguides with internal structure. We apply this method to calculate dispersion of surface waves supported by a slablike photonic crystal structure, which consists of several rows of an infinitely periodic array of square dielectric cylinders. In the bulk, the periodic array has a photonic band gap and for the finite thickness structure, we calculate dispersion of surface waves that propagate along the boundaries at frequencies within the band gap. We vary the thickness of the cylinders in the outer layer and calculate the change in dispersion. When the overall thickness of the photonic slab is decreased, coupling and splitting between surface modes at each interface is observed. RP Elson, JM (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 9 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 3 BP 1711 EP 1715 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1711 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UZ861 UT WOS:A1996UZ86100054 ER PT J AU Knipp, PA Reinecke, TL AF Knipp, PA Reinecke, TL TI Boundary-element method for the calculation of electronic states in semiconductor nanostructures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STADIUM BILLIARD; CHAOTIC DYNAMICS; QUANTUM WIRES; MICROWAVE; SCATTERING; ABSORPTION; EQUATION; PHONONS; DOTS AB We hate developed a boundary-element method to treat the single-particle electronic properties of semiconductor nanostructures that consist of piecewise homogeneous materials of arbitrary shapes. Green's-function techniques are used to derive integral equations that determine these electronic properties. These equations involve integrals over the boundaries between the homogeneous regions, and they are discretized and solved numerically. In effect, this approach changes a partial differential equation with boundary conditions in d independent variables into an integral equation in d-1 independent variables, which leads to its efficiency. For bound states these methods are used to calculate eigenenergies, for scattering states to calculate differential cross sections, and for both bound and scattering states to calculate spectral density functions and wave functions. For such systems, are show that this method generally provides improved calculational efficiency as compared to alternative approaches such as plane-wave expansions, finite-difference methods, or finite-element methods and that it is more effective in treating highly excited states than are these methods. Illustrative examples are given here for several systems whose potentials are functions of two variables, such cis quantum wires or patterned two-dimensional electron gases. C1 MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Knipp, PA (reprint author), CHRISTOPHER NEWPORT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & COMP SCI,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606, USA. NR 33 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 3 BP 1880 EP 1891 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.1880 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UZ861 UT WOS:A1996UZ86100075 ER PT J AU Rudin, S Reinecke, TL AF Rudin, S Reinecke, TL TI Scattering of plasmons in a quasi-two-dimensional electron gas containing a fixed-point charge SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM-WELLS; COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS AB We study the scattering of two-dimensional (2D) plasmons by the carrier density nonuniformity created by a charged impurity. The plasmons are described by an integral equation obtained within the hydrodynamic model of the 2D plasma containing a fixed-point charge, We obtain the energy of the scattered plasmons, and evaluate the scattering cross section in the Born approximation. We find that at low energy it varies as the square of the frequency of the incident plasmon. This behavior is markedly different from the three-dimensional plasmon scattering where the scattering cross section goes to a nonzero value at zero momentum. In addition, we employ the random-phase approximation to treat both correlation and finite thickness effects in quantum wells. This allows us to extend these results for the 2D inhomogeneous hydrodynamic model to treat intrasubband plasmons in semiconductor quantum wells. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH, D-70569 STUTTGART, GERMANY. RP USA, RES LAB, FT MONMOUTH, NJ 07703 USA. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 2791 EP 2797 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.2791 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VB249 UT WOS:A1996VB24900072 ER PT J AU Pederson, MR Jackson, K Porezag, DV Hajnal, Z Frauenheim, T AF Pederson, MR Jackson, K Porezag, DV Hajnal, Z Frauenheim, T TI Vibrational signatures for low-energy intermediate-sized Si clusters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SMALL SILICON CLUSTERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ENDOHEDRAL ATOMS; SIMULATIONS; SPECTRA; C-28; CHEMISTRY; AMMONIA; FORCES; MODES AB We report low-energy focally stable structures for the clusters Si-20 and Si-21. The structures were obtained by performing geometry optimizations within the local density approximation. Our calculated binding energies for these clusters are larger than any previously reported for this size regime. To aid in the experimental identification of the structures, we have computed the full vibrational spectra of the clusters, along with the Raman and IR activities of the various modes using a recently developed first-principles technique. These represent, to our knowledge, the first calculations of Raman and IR spectra for Si clusters of this size. C1 CENT MICHIGAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,MT PLEASANT,MI 48859. CHEMNITZ UNIV TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,CHEMNITZ,GERMANY. RP Pederson, MR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI HAJNAL, Zoltan/B-6385-2008; Frauenheim, Thomas/C-5653-2015; OI HAJNAL, Zoltan/0000-0003-1758-4754; Frauenheim, Thomas/0000-0002-3073-0616; Jackson, Koblar/0000-0002-5342-7978 NR 32 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 2863 EP 2867 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.2863 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA VB249 UT WOS:A1996VB24900081 ER PT J AU Watt, G Chouriyagune, C Ruangweerayud, R Watcharapichat, P Phulsuksombati, D Jongsakul, K TejaIsavadharm, P Bhodhidatta, D Corcoran, KD Dasch, GA Strickman, D AF Watt, G Chouriyagune, C Ruangweerayud, R Watcharapichat, P Phulsuksombati, D Jongsakul, K TejaIsavadharm, P Bhodhidatta, D Corcoran, KD Dasch, GA Strickman, D TI Scrub typhus infections poorly responsive to antibiotics in northern Thailand SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID DOXYCYCLINE; THERAPY AB Background Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, the aetiological agent of scrub typhus, is common in Asia and readily infects visitors to areas where disease transmission occurs. Rapid defervescence after antibiotic treatment is so characteristic that it is used as a diagnostic test R tsutsugamushi infection, Reports from local physicians that patients with scrub typhus in Chiangrai, northern Thailand responded badly to appropriate antibiotic therapy prompted us to do a prospective clinical evaluation and antibiotic susceptibility testing of human rickettsial isolates. Methods The clinical response to doxycycline treatment in patients with early, mild scrub typhus in northern Thailand was compared with the results of treatment in Mae Sod, western Thailand. Prototype and naturally occurring strains of R tsutsugamushi were tested for susceptibility to chloramphenicol and doxycycline in mice and in cell culture. Findings By the third day of treatment, fever had cleared in all seven patients from Mae Sod, but in only five of the 12 (40%) from Chiangrai (p<0 . 01). Median fever clearance time in Chiangrai (80 h; range 15-190) was significantly longer than in Mae Sod (30 h; range 4-58; p<0 . 005). Conjunctival suffusion resolved significantly more slowly in Chiangrai (p<0 . 05). Antibiotics prevented death in mice infected by Chiangrai strains of R tsutsugamushi less often than after infection by the prototype strain (p<0 . 05). Only one of three Chiangrai strains tested in cell culture was fully susceptible to doxycycline, Interpretation Chloramphenicol-resistant and doxycycline-resistant. strains of R tsutsugamushi occur in Chiangrai, Thailand,This is the first evidence of naturally occurring antimicrobial resistance in the genus Rickettsia. C1 AFRIMS,DEPT ENTOMOL,APO,AP 96546. AFRIMS,DEPT IMMUNOL,APO,AP 96546. AFRIMS,DEPT VET MED,USA COMPONENT,APO,AP 96546. AFRIMS,ROYAL THAI ARMY COMPONENT,DIV ANALYT,BANGKOK,THAILAND. CHIANGRAI PRACHANUCHROA HOSP,DEPT MED,CHIANGRAI,THAILAND. MAE SOD HOSP,DEPT MED,MAE SOT,THAILAND. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. RP Watt, G (reprint author), AFRIMS,DEPT MED,APO,AP 96546, USA. NR 23 TC 117 Z9 126 U1 2 U2 7 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 13 PY 1996 VL 348 IS 9020 BP 86 EP 89 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)02501-9 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW673 UT WOS:A1996UW67300010 PM 8676722 ER PT J AU Hyams, KC AF Hyams, KC TI The Ingelfinger rule SO LANCET LA English DT Letter RP Hyams, KC (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,DIV EPIDEMIOL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 13 PY 1996 VL 348 IS 9020 BP 132 EP 133 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)64649-1 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW673 UT WOS:A1996UW67300058 PM 8676700 ER PT J AU Kemner, KM Hunter, DB Elam, WT Bertsch, PM AF Kemner, KM Hunter, DB Elam, WT Bertsch, PM TI XAFS studies of solution-phase complexes of cesium with dibenzo-18-crown-6 ethers SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; CROWN-ETHERS; CHEMISTRY; POTASSIUM; SOLVENTS; SODIUM; SALTS; CS+ AB X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements have been made at the Cs Lm absorption edge on (1) 0.04 M acetonitrile solutions with respect to both CsBr and dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether (Cs-D18C6), (2) solids produced by drying the aforementioned Cs-D18C6 solution complex, and (3) crystalline CsBr, CsCl, and CsF powders that were used as standards, XAFS measurements have also been made at the Br M absorption edge on the same 0.04 M solution mentioned above. Due to the many difficulties associated with obtaining high-quality XAFS data on these systems, a custom-manufactured 5-mil-thick Sc foil was used in conjunction with a Seller slit assembly to improve the XAFS signal-to-noise ratio by almost a factor of 6, XAFS analyses of the Cs-D18C6 solution show the presence of a 1:1 Cs-D18C6 complex with a Br contact ion, consistent with previous references derived from Cs-133 nuclear magnetic resonance investigations. For interpretation of the Cs LIII edge data, the choice of a Br counterion reduces the error in determining the presence of a single counterion among the lighter backscattering O and C atoms of the crown ether complex. Observation of the normalized XAFS data for the dried Cs-crown ether solution shows that the Cs atom's local environment changes from a 1:1 Cs-D18C6 complex to a predominantly crystalline CsBr solid phase. This recrystallization during drying illustrates the importance of in situ methods to characterize chemical speciation in solution. The ability of XAFS to directly probe the ternary Cs-D18C6-Br contact ion pair opens many exciting avenues for improving extraction methodologies. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DIV BIOGEOCHEM,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 28 BP 11698 EP 11703 DI 10.1021/jp9604608 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UW685 UT WOS:A1996UW68500028 ER PT J AU Hoffman, SL AF Hoffman, SL TI Artemether in severe malaria - Still too many deaths SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CEREBRAL MALARIA; DOUBLE-BLIND; DEXAMETHASONE; TRIAL RP Hoffman, SL (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 13 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 11 PY 1996 VL 335 IS 2 BP 124 EP 126 DI 10.1056/NEJM199607113350209 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW353 UT WOS:A1996UW35300009 PM 8649473 ER PT J AU Pyne, T Gwinn, CR Birkinshaw, M Eubanks, TM Matsakis, DN AF Pyne, T Gwinn, CR Birkinshaw, M Eubanks, TM Matsakis, DN TI Gravitational radiation and very long baseline interferometry SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; cosmology, theory; gravitation; techniques, interferometric; waves ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPY; GRAND UNIFICATION; WAVES AB Gravitational waves affect the observed direction of light from distant sources. At telescopes, this change in direction appears as periodic variations in the apparent positions of these sources on the sky; that is, as proper motion. A wave of a given phase, traveling in a given direction, produces a characteristic pattern of proper motions over the sky. Comparison of observed proper motions with this pattern serves to test for the presence of gravitational waves. A stochastic background of waves induces apparent proper motions with specific statistical properties, and so may also be sought. In this paper we consider the effects of a cosmological background of gravitational radiation on astrometric observations. We derive an equation for the time delay measured by two antennae observing the same source in an Einstein-de Sitter spacetime containing gravitational radiation. We also show how to obtain similar expressions for curved Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetimes. C1 HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. OI Eubanks, Thomas Marshall/0000-0001-9543-0414 NR 28 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 2 BP 566 EP 577 DI 10.1086/177443 PN 1 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV063 UT WOS:A1996UV06300008 ER PT J AU Phlips, BF Jung, GV Leising, MD Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kinzer, RL Kroeger, RA Kurfess, JD Strickman, MS Grabelsky, DA Matz, SM Purcell, WR Ulmer, MP McNaronBrown, K AF Phlips, BF Jung, GV Leising, MD Grove, JE Johnson, WN Kinzer, RL Kroeger, RA Kurfess, JD Strickman, MS Grabelsky, DA Matz, SM Purcell, WR Ulmer, MP McNaronBrown, K TI Gamma-ray observations of Cygnus X-1 with the oriented scintillation spectrometer experiment SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays, observations; stars, individual (Cygnus X-1); stars, oscillations; X-rays, stars ID ACCRETION DISK; SEARCH; RADIATION; SPECTRUM; EMISSION; PLASMA; CRAB AB We report on similar to 120 days of observations of Cygnus X-1 with OSSE on board the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. Emission is detected in the range 50 keV-1 MeV, and we find evidence for a continuum of hard X-ray flux levels rather than the existence of distinct flux states. Comparisons of the source spectra with various theoretical models show that an exponentially truncated power law best describes the average spectrum in the OSSE energy band. Although we have measured a new minimum in the hard X-ray flux from the source, no evidence was found for either a broad 1 MeV feature or a narrow 511 keV line, previously reported in association with a low flux state. Upper limits on such emission features are an order of magnitude lower than earlier reported detections. The 5.6 day periodicity of the source measured at optical wavelengths was not detected with a sensitivity to the rms modulation fraction of 5% in the 60-140 keV energy band. C1 UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC 20024. CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208. GEORGE MASON UNIV,INST COMPUTAT SCI & INFORMAT,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. RP Phlips, BF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 7650,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 NR 40 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 2 BP 907 EP 914 DI 10.1086/177474 PN 1 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV063 UT WOS:A1996UV06300039 ER PT J AU Wang, YM AF Wang, YM TI Location of the inner radius of a magnetically threaded accretion disk SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; binaries, close; stars, magnetic fields; stars, neutron; stars, rotation; X-rays, stars ID NEUTRON STAR MAGNETOSPHERE; BINARY-SYSTEMS; PULSAR AB In models for disk accretion onto magnetized objects, the inner radius R(0) of the Keplerian disk is conventionally expressed in the form R(0) = xi r(A), where r(A) is the Alfven radius for spherical accretion and the parameter xi is usually taken to be 0.5. We point out that the value of xi in fact depends on the fraction of the star's magnetic flux threading the disk, which is poorly known from theory: in general, xi similar or equal to 1.35 eta(4/7), where eta less than or equal to 1 denotes the threading coefficient. Application of the beat frequency model to binary X-ray pulsars showing quasi-periodic oscillations suggests strongly that eta similar to 1 for these objects: the stellar dipole field essentially fully threads the disk and xi similar or equal to 1. When combined with improved accretion torque models characterized by critical fastness parameters near unity, the corrected values of xi = R(0)/r(A) should allow more reliable determinations of the accreting star's dipole moment and mass-radius relationship. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 23 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 2 BP L111 EP L113 DI 10.1086/310150 PN 2 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UV064 UT WOS:A1996UV06400008 ER PT J AU Shin, YS Hooker, DT AF Shin, YS Hooker, DT TI Damage response of submerged imperfect cylindrical structures to underwater explosion SO COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES LA English DT Article AB The effect of the initial geometric imperfections to the damage response of submerged structures is investigated. The type of the submerged structure investigated is the ring-stiffened long circular cylinders submerged in the fluid. The strain hardening mild steel is used in the analysis. The type of the loading is the underwater shock induced by underwater explosions. The modal imperfection concept has been used to simulate the initial geometric imperfections. The numerical analyses were performed to look into the details of damage response of ring-stiffened cylindrical shells. The following models were considered: (i) three-dimensional infinite ring-stiffened cylinder model, and (ii) three-dimensional finite ring-stiffened cylinder model. A finite element hydrocode was used to numerically predict model responses. RP Shin, YS (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 13 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0045-7949 J9 COMPUT STRUCT JI Comput. Struct. PD JUL 10 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 5 BP 683 EP 693 DI 10.1016/0045-7949(95)00441-6 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA UU008 UT WOS:A1996UU00800001 ER PT J AU Gubanov, VA Hemstreet, LA Fong, CY Klein, BM AF Gubanov, VA Hemstreet, LA Fong, CY Klein, BM TI Lattice relaxation and pressure dependence of carbon and silicon impurity states in cubic boron nitride SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID JUNCTION; EXPLICIT; DIODE AB Impurity states in environments of relaxed crystal lattices around substitutional silicon and carbon impurities at both cation and anion sites in zinc-blende boron nitride (c-BN) have been investigated by the tight binding-linear combination of muffin tin orbitals-atomic sphere approximation (TB-LMTO-ASA) method. The pressure dependence of the impurity states of both silicon (Si)- and carbon (C)-doped c-BN is also investigated in the range of 0%-9% lattice compression, Shifts of the impurity bands, and the localization of the charge distributions under pressure are analyzed. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP Gubanov, VA (reprint author), CALIF STATE UNIV SAN JOSE,DEPT PHYS,SAN JOSE,CA 96192, USA. NR 13 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 227 EP 229 DI 10.1063/1.117380 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW172 UT WOS:A1996UW17200030 ER PT J AU Snow, ES Park, D Campbell, PM AF Snow, ES Park, D Campbell, PM TI Single-atom point contact devices fabricated with an atomic force microscope SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; CONDUCTANCE; SILICON AB The fabrication of atomic point contacts by using anodic oxidation of thin Al films with an atomic force microscope is reported. In situ electrical measurements were used as feedback to control the fabrication of Al nanowires that were subsequently anodized through their cross section to form point contacts, When the conductance of a point contact is reduced below similar to 5 X 10(-4) S it starts to decrease in discrete steps of similar to 2e(2)/h, In some devices we are able to stabilize the conductance at a value near 2e(2)/h which corresponds to a single, atomic-sized conducting channel. RP Snow, ES (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 21 TC 173 Z9 175 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 269 EP 271 DI 10.1063/1.117946 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UW172 UT WOS:A1996UW17200044 ER PT J AU Henderson, DR AF Henderson, DR TI The squabble over the minimum wage SO FORTUNE LA English DT Article C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA. RP Henderson, DR (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,HOOVER INST,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TIME INC PI NEW YORK PA TIME & LIFE BUILDING ROCKEFELLER CENTER, NEW YORK, NY 10020-1393 SN 0015-8259 J9 FORTUNE JI Fortune PD JUL 8 PY 1996 VL 134 IS 1 BP 28 EP & PG 2 WC Business SC Business & Economics GA UR826 UT WOS:A1996UR82600012 ER PT J AU Gammon, D Snow, ES Shanabrook, BV Katzer, DS Park, D AF Gammon, D Snow, ES Shanabrook, BV Katzer, DS Park, D TI Homogeneous linewidths in the optical spectrum of a single gallium arsenide quantum dot SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WELL STRUCTURES; FREE-EXCITONS; RADIATIVE LIFETIMES; GAAS; LOCALIZATION; RELAXATION AB The homogeneous linewidths in the photoluminescence excitation spectrum of a single, naturally formed gallium arsenide (GaAs) quantum dot have been measured with high spatial and spectral resolution. The energies and linewidths of the homogeneous spectrum provide a new perspective on the dephasing dynamics of the exciton in a quantum-confined, solid-state system. The origins of the linewidths are discussed in terms of the dynamics of the exciton in zero dimensions, in particular, in terms of lifetime broadening through the emission or absorption of phonons and photons. RP Gammon, D (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 27 TC 439 Z9 441 U1 6 U2 61 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 5 PY 1996 VL 273 IS 5271 BP 87 EP 90 DI 10.1126/science.273.5271.87 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV478 UT WOS:A1996UV47800043 ER PT J AU Guglielmo, EJ Rowe, NC AF Guglielmo, EJ Rowe, NC TI Natural-language retrieval of images based on descriptive captions SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE algorithms; experimentation; human factors; performance; captions; multimedia database; type hierarchy ID INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL; SYSTEM; ACCESS AB We describe a prototype intelligent information retrieval system that uses natural-language understanding to efficiently locate captioned data. Multimedia data generally require captions to explain their features and significance. Such descriptive captions often rely on long nominal compounds (strings of consecutive nouns) which create problems of disambiguating word sense. In our system, captions and user queries are parsed and interpreted to produce a logical form, using a detailed theory of the meaning of nominal compounds. A fine-grain match can then compare the logical form of the query to the logical forms for each caption. To improve system efficiency, we first perform a coarse-grain match with index files, using nouns and verbs extracted from the query. Our experiments with randomly selected queries and captions from an existing image library show an increase of 30% in precision and 50% in recall over the keyphrase approach currently used. Our processing times have a median of seven seconds as compared to eight minutes for the existing system, and our system is much easier to use. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Guglielmo, EJ (reprint author), MONTEREY BAY AQUARIUM RES INST,7700 SANDHOLDT RD,MOSS LANDING,CA 95039, USA. NR 31 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 SN 1046-8188 J9 ACM T INFORM SYST JI ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 14 IS 3 BP 237 EP 267 DI 10.1145/230538.230539 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA UY135 UT WOS:A1996UY13500001 ER PT J AU Oh, CK Sinkovits, RS Cybyk, BZ Oran, ES Boris, JP AF Oh, CK Sinkovits, RS Cybyk, BZ Oran, ES Boris, JP TI Parallelization of direct simulation Monte Carlo method combined with monotonic Lagrangian grid SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; FLOWS AB The monotonic Lagrangian grid (MLG) and the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) methodology were combined on the Thinking Machines CM-5 to create a fast DSMC-MLG code with automatic grid adaptation based on local number densities. The MLG is a data structure in which particles that are close in physical space are also close in computer memory, Using the MLG data structure, physical space is divided into a number of templates (cells), each containing the same number of particles, An MLG-regularization method, stochastic grid restructuring, is implemented to minimize the occurrence of highly skewed cells, Parallelization of the DSMC-MLG is achieved by two different mapping techniques, First, simulated particles are mapped onto the parallel processors for the particle-oriented processes, such as convection, boundary interactions, and MLG sorting, Second, particle templates are mapped onto the processors for computing the macroscopic quantities (i.e., pressure, velocity, density, and temperature) and statistical sampling, In both levels of mapping, the code logic focuses on the structured and fast communications on the CM-5 architecture, The computing time required by the parallel DSMC-MLG code was significantly decreased compared with other parallel efforts and its parallel efficiency on 512 processors achieved approximately 80% for simulation involving one-half million particles. C1 USAF,WRIGHT LAB,DAYTON,OH 45433. RP Oh, CK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,CODE 6400,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1363 EP 1370 DI 10.2514/3.13241 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UV574 UT WOS:A1996UV57400007 ER PT J AU VanDyken, RD Ekaterinaris, JA Chandrasekhara, MS Platzer, MF AF VanDyken, RD Ekaterinaris, JA Chandrasekhara, MS Platzer, MF TI Analysis of compressible light dynamic stall flow at transitional Reynolds numbers SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID AIRFOILS AB Numerical and experimental results of steady and light dynamic stall flow over an oscillating NACA 0012 airfoil at a freestream Mach number of 0.3 and Reynolds number of 0.54 x 10(6) are compared, The experimental observation that dynamic stall is induced from the bursting of a laminar separation bubble points to the role of transition in influencing the flow development. Its modeling, including the changes in transition onset location and transition length with increase in airfoil angle of attack, is critical for computing the dynamic stall flow properly. In this study, the transition onset point is specified suitably and a simple transition length model is incorporated to determine the extent of the laminar separation bubble. The thin-layer approximations of compressible, Reynolds-averaged, Navier-Stokes equations are used for the numerical solution, with an implicit, upwind-biased, third-order-accurate scheme for the numerical integration. Remarkably good agreement with experiments is obtained in steady flow for the pressure and velocity distributions near the leading edge. Oscillatory airfoil how results compare favorably on the upstroke, but on the downstroke, the computations do not predict the light stall and vorticity shedding that were observed experimentally. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP VanDyken, RD (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WEAPONS DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1420 EP 1427 DI 10.2514/3.13248 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UV574 UT WOS:A1996UV57400014 ER PT J AU Coleman, DS Lorenz, KA AF Coleman, DS Lorenz, KA TI Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter RP Coleman, DS (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92152, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 59 EP 59 PG 1 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW459 UT WOS:A1996UW45900002 PM 8677850 ER PT J AU Kohl, J AF Kohl, J TI Heat stroke SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NURSING LA English DT Article RP Kohl, J (reprint author), USN,NURSE CORPS,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0002-936X J9 AM J NURS JI Am. J. Nurs. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 96 IS 7 BP 51 EP 51 PG 1 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA UV174 UT WOS:A1996UV17400018 PM 8659570 ER PT J AU Freeman, JE Maskeroni, AJ Lorton, L AF Freeman, JE Maskeroni, AJ Lorton, L TI Frequency of Bolton tooth-size discrepancies among orthodontic patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of orthodontic patients who present with an interarch tooth-size discrepancy likely to affect treatment planning or results. The Bolton tooth-size discrepancies of 157 patients accepted for treatment in an orthodontic residency program were evaluated for the frequency and the magnitude of deviation from Bolton's mean. Discrepancies outside of 2 SD were considered as potentially significant with regard to treatment planning and treatment results. Although the mean of the sample was nearly identical to that of Bolton's, the range and standard deviation varied considerably with a large percentage of the orthodontic patients having discrepancies outside of Bolton's 2 SD. With such a high frequency of significant discrepancies it would seem prudent to routinely perform a tooth-size analysis and incorporate the findings into orthodontic treatment planning. RP Freeman, JE (reprint author), USN HOSP,DEPT DENT,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088, USA. NR 8 TC 46 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 4 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0889-5406 J9 AM J ORTHOD DENTOFAC JI Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 110 IS 1 BP 24 EP 27 DI 10.1016/S0889-5406(96)70083-5 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UZ759 UT WOS:A1996UZ75900007 PM 8686674 ER PT J AU Hennrikus, WL Mapes, RC Lyons, PM Lapoint, JM AF Hennrikus, WL Mapes, RC Lyons, PM Lapoint, JM TI Outcomes of the Chrisman-Snook and modified-Brostrom procedures for chronic lateral ankle instability - A prospective, randomized comparison SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RECONSTRUCTION AB We prospectively and randomly compared the outcomes of the Chrisman-Snook and modified-Brostrom procedures for chronic lateral ankle instability in 40 patients. Both operations provided good or excellent stability in more than 80% of the patients. However, the modified-Brostrom procedure resulted in higher Sefton scores than the Chrisman-Snook procedure. In addition, a statistically significant greater proportion of complications occurred in patients treated with the Chrisman-Snook procedure. C1 USN HOSP,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG & CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. NR 24 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC SOC SPORT MED PI WALTHAM PA 230 CALVARY STREET, WALTHAM, MA 02154 SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 BP 400 EP 404 DI 10.1177/036354659602400402 PG 5 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA UZ090 UT WOS:A1996UZ09000002 PM 8827297 ER PT J AU MASTERSON, D AF MASTERSON, D TI LATIN-AMERICA BETWEEN WORLD-WAR-2 AND THE COLD WAR, 1944-1948 - BETHELL,L, ROXBOROUGH,I SO AMERICAS LA English DT Book Review RP MASTERSON, D (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD AMER FRANCISCAN HIST PI WEST BETHESDA PA BOX 34440, WEST BETHESDA, MD 20817 SN 0003-1615 J9 AMERICAS JI Americas PD JUL PY 1996 VL 53 IS 1 BP 188 EP 190 DI 10.2307/1007496 PG 3 WC History SC History GA VB456 UT WOS:A1996VB45600024 ER PT J AU Axley, MJ Keefe, RG AF Axley, MJ Keefe, RG TI Preparation of solutions of dissolved hydrogen and oxygen gases using an anaerobic chamber SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article C1 NEW YORK STATE DEPT HLTH,WADSWORTH CTR,EMPIRE STATE PLAZA,BOX 509,ALBANY,NY 12201. RP Axley, MJ (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,8901 WISCONSIN AVE,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 238 IS 2 BP 211 EP 213 DI 10.1006/abio.1996.0279 PG 3 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA UW720 UT WOS:A1996UW72000018 PM 8660615 ER PT J AU Kelso, JM AF Kelso, JM TI Skin test results in related and unrelated persons with allergic rhinitis SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN IMMUNE-RESPONSE; ASSOCIATION AB Background: First degree relatives of patients with allergic rhinitis are at increased risk of having the disorder. It is not yet clear whether or not two such related persons with allergic rhinitis are more likely to be skin test positive to the same specific allergenic extracts than unrelated persons with allergic rhinitis. Objective: To determine whether or not first degree relatives (parent and child or full siblings) with allergic rhinitis are more likely to be skin test positive to the same allergen extracts than unrelated persons with the disease. Methods: A retrospective chart review of Allergy Clinic patients was performed. Skin test results for 12 common aeroallergen extracts were compared in 32 pairs of genetically related subjects and 32 pairs of age-matched and sex-matched unrelated subjects, all with allergic rhinitis. The percent of concordant results (both members of a pair skin test positive or both negative) and discordant results (one member of a pair positive and the other negative) were calculated and compared for related and unrelated groups. Also, the expected rates of positive concordance (both skin tests positive) based on the prevalence of skin test positivity in the two groups were calculated and compared with the corresponding observed rates. Results: Results were concordant in 242 of 384 skin tests (63%) in related pairs versus 233 of 384 skin tests (61%) in unrelated pairs (P = .28, not significant). The expected and observed rates of positive concordance were not significantly different in the related (P = .38) or unrelated (P = .49) groups. When the groups were subdivided into parent-child pairs and sibling pairs, a similar lack of significant differences between the groups was found. Conclusions: It is concluded that first degree relatives, both with allergic rhinitis, are no more likely to be skin test positive to the same allergen extracts than unrelated persons with this disease. Further, it seems appropriate to advise patients with allergic rhinitis that their first degree relatives who also have the disorder will not necessarily have the same specific allergies. C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV ALLERGY,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Kelso, JM (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 77 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA UZ543 UT WOS:A1996UZ54300008 PM 8705635 ER PT J AU Isakov, AP Broome, JR Dutka, AJ AF Isakov, AP Broome, JR Dutka, AJ TI Acute carpal tunnel syndrome in a diver: Evidence of peripheral nervous system involvement in decompression illness SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SICKNESS AB Conclusive evidence for involvement of the peripheral nervous system in decompression illness is lacking. We report a case of decompression illness associated with shoulder pain and the clinical features of median nerve injury at the wrist. initial recompression and hyperbaric oxygen treatment produced prompt relief of all symptoms and signs, but carpal tunnel syndrome subsequently recurred. Nerve conduction studies confirmed median nerve conduction delay at the wrist. Repeat measurements after treatment with hyperbaric oxygen showed electro-physiologic improvement that was consistent with improvement in symptoms. We believe this is the first objectively substantiated case of injury to the peripheral nervous system caused by decompression illness. C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 28 IS 1 BP 90 EP 93 DI 10.1016/S0196-0644(96)70143-9 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA UV872 UT WOS:A1996UV87200018 PM 8669747 ER PT J AU Garland, FC Garland, CF Gorham, ED Brodine, SK Tauber, WB Daniell, FD Oldfield, EC Carl, M Weiss, P Paperello, S Malone, J Malone, J Wallace, M Zajdowicz, T Zajdowicz, M Kennedy, C Olson, P Hall, FW Garst, P Newton, B Fallon, A AF Garland, FC Garland, CF Gorham, ED Brodine, SK Tauber, WB Daniell, FD Oldfield, EC Carl, M Weiss, P Paperello, S Malone, J Malone, J Wallace, M Zajdowicz, T Zajdowicz, M Kennedy, C Olson, P Hall, FW Garst, P Newton, B Fallon, A TI Western Blot banding patterns of HIV rapid progressors in the US Navy Seropositive Cohort: Implications for vaccine development SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human immunodeficiency virus; Western blotting; CD4+ lymphocyte count; HIV antibodies; AIDS vaccines; cohort studies ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RETROVIRUSES HTLV-III; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS; UNITED-STATES-NAVY; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; MARINE-CORPS; INFECTION; AIDS; SEROCONVERSION AB Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is progressive, the rate of decline in CD4+ lymphocyte counts varies. The role of immune system components in limiting HIV infection has yet to be defined, but a previous report on the U.S. Navy HIV Seropositive Cohort reported that strong reactivity in the anti-p55 (core precursor), p24 (core) and p53 (reverse transcriptase) Western blot bands was associated with higher CD4+ lymphocyte counts at the first clinical evaluation for HIV. The previous report examined the cross-sectional association between Western blot banding patterns and initial CD4+ lymphocyte counts. This report examines the association between these banding patterns in individuals who progressed rapidly as compared with patterns of patients who did not, based on their trends in repeated CD4+ lymphocyte counts as a marker of progression. Rapid and slower progressors were identified from a cohort of 3414 Navy and Marine Corps personnel who had a first positive HIV Western blot during 1986-1991. For purposes of this study, rapid progressors were defined as individuals whose CD4+ lymphocyte counts declined to < 500 cell/mm(3) within 1 year of seroconversion. A total of 325 individuals met these criteria. A comparison group of 63 slower progressors also was identified; this group consisted of those whose CD4+ lymphocyte counts remained at greater than or equal to 500 cells/mm(3) for a minimum of 5 years of follow-up after their first positive Western blot. Rapid progressors were slightly younger than slower progressors and were more likely to be never married but did not differ significantly from slower progressors in race or sex. Rapid progressors had weaker reactivity in the anti-p55 core precursor (P < 0.0001), p15 core (P < 0.01), gp41 transmembrane (P < 0.01) and p31 endonuclease (P < 0.05) bands on the Western blot. The odds ratio for rapid Progressor status associated with weak or absent reactivity was 7.8 in the anti-p55 band and ranged from 2.0 to 3.2 in the anti-p31, p15, and gp41 bands. These associations remained significant after adjustment for age, race, and sex. The p55 association persisted in repeated Western blots during routine clinical evaluation during a period of 5 years after the first positive Western blot. It was concluded that several possible explanations may account for the weaker reactivity of rapid progressors: (i) weak anti-p55 reactivity might have been a marker of early immune system damage; (ii) high concentrations of p55 or related proteins in the serum may have bound the available anti-p55 antibodies in rapid progressors, making them difficult to identify on the Western blot; or (iii) lack of anti-p55, p15, gp41, or p31 reactivity might have allowed more rapid progression. Ann Epidemiol 1996; 6:341-347. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT FAMILY & PREVENT MED,DIV EPIDEMIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. RP Garland, FC (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,DEPT HLTH SCI & EPIDEMIOL,DIV EPIDEMIOL,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 341 EP 347 DI 10.1016/S1047-2797(96)00053-1 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VF009 UT WOS:A1996VF00900012 PM 8876845 ER PT J AU Feldstein, A Turner, PR AF Feldstein, A Turner, PR TI Overflow and underflow in multiplication and division SO APPLIED NUMERICAL MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article ID FLOATING-POINT; SYSTEM AB In this paper the distribution of floating-point exponents and its effect on the frequency of underflow and overflow is studied. Previous work suggested that the uniform distribution of exponents was the only continuous one consistent with the logarithmic distribution of floating-point fractions. This paper takes that as a starting point and analyzes, both mathematically and computationally, how the distribution evolves as a result of repeated multiplications and divisions. We see that continuous and discrete models exhibit very similar behavior, generating subsequent distributions which are splines of increasing degree with characteristics similar to those of a normal distribution. These distributions are related to a system of functional differential equations. The analysis leads to a simple computational model which is used as a basis for the experimental results. These confirm that the likelihood of exponent spill is substantially reduced if the initial distribution is restricted to a small range. Even better results are obtained if the initial range is symmetric. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT MATH,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. RP Feldstein, A (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9274 J9 APPL NUMER MATH JI Appl. Numer. Math. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 3 BP 221 EP 239 DI 10.1016/0168-9274(96)00010-4 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA VE911 UT WOS:A1996VE91100002 ER PT J AU Nee, SMF AF Nee, SMF TI Polarization of specular reflection and near-specular scattering by a rough surface SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE polarization; reflection; scattering; ellipsometry; rough surface ID MUELLER MATRICES; LIGHT-SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; DEPOLARIZATION CRITERION; ELEMENTS; FILMS AB Polarization of specular reflection and near-specular scattering (NSS) by a randomly rough surface is investigated by the use of a Mueller matrix formulation. The collective effect by a rough surface on the average specular field results in reflectance loss and polarization, which can be explained by an effective medium theory. Effects of random NSS can he represented by a scattering matrix that is partially coherent and polarized. The incoherent and unpolarized part of scattering causes depolarization, and the coherent and polarized parts of scattering change the apparent polarization properties of specular reflection. Results of a simulation and least-squares fit of ellipsometric data to the models including the NSS effect, for a black anodized aluminum sample, are presented. Simultaneous least-squares fits for both ellipsometric data and reflectance data at multiple angles of incidence at three different wavelengths gave approximately the same rms roughness, which agrees with the profilometric values reported previously. RP Nee, SMF (reprint author), USN,WARFARE CTR,WEAP DIV,PHYS BRANCH,RES & TECHNOL DIV,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555, USA. NR 39 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 35 IS 19 BP 3570 EP 3582 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA UW460 UT WOS:A1996UW46000035 ER PT J AU Knauss, LA Pond, JM Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Mueller, CH Treece, R AF Knauss, LA Pond, JM Horwitz, JS Chrisey, DB Mueller, CH Treece, R TI The effect of annealing on the structure and dielectric properties of BaxSr1-xTiO3 ferroelectric thin films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PULSED LASER DEPOSITION AB The effect of a postdeposition anneal on the structure and dielectric properties of epitaxial BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) thin films (x=0.35-0.65) have been measured. The films were grown by pulsed laser deposition on LaAlO3 (001) substrates. The films were single phase and (001) oriented with a lattice parameter larger than the bulk. The dielectric properties of the x=0.35 film exhibited a broad temperature dependence and a peak at 168 K, which is 36 K below the peak observed in bulk BST (x=0.35). Annealing films for 8 h in flowing oxygen at 900 degrees C caused the lattice parameter to decrease and dielectric properties to become more like the bulk. Annealing also resulted in an increased electric field dependent dielectric tuning without increased dielectric loss. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 SCT,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP Knauss, LA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6670,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 192 Z9 195 U1 2 U2 26 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 1 BP 25 EP 27 DI 10.1063/1.118106 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU590 UT WOS:A1996UU59000009 ER PT J AU Yang, MJ Wang, FC Yang, CH Bennett, BR Do, TQ AF Yang, MJ Wang, FC Yang, CH Bennett, BR Do, TQ TI A composite quantum well field-effect transistor SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERLATTICE AB We have investigated the transport properties of a field-effect transistor (FET) with a composite quantum well, which consists of two adjacent semiconductor quantum wells, GaSb and InAs, sandwiched by AlSb barriers. This FET shows a novel V-shaped transfer characteristic, which is a direct result of the switching between electron and hole channels. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 6875, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 69 IS 1 BP 85 EP 87 DI 10.1063/1.118128 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU590 UT WOS:A1996UU59000029 ER PT J AU Lewis, RA Clogston, P Fainstein, V Gross, R Samo, TC Tuttle, C Jabs, DA Apuzzo, L Bartlett, J Coleson, L Dunn, JP Eldred, L Feinberg, J Flynn, T King, R Leslie, J Barron, B Greenspan, D Heinemann, MD Polsky, B Squires, K WiseCampbell, S Friedman, AH Cheung, TW Justin, N Teich, S Sacks, H Severin, C Friedberg, DN Addessi, A Dieterich, D Frost, K Weinberg, D Jampol, L Murphy, R Naughton, K Henderly, D Holland, GN Chafey, S Fall, H Hardy, WD Kimbrell, C McArthurChang, L Freeman, WR Meinert, L Peterson, TJ Quiceno, JI Rickman, L Simanello, MA Spector, S ODonnell, J Hoffman, J Irvine, A Jacobson, M Larson, J Seiff, S Wanner, M Davis, J Chuang, E Espinal, M Mendez, P Vandenbroucke, R Cheesman, SH Gittinger, J Haubrich, R Kachadoorian, H Tolson, K Kline, JM Klemm, AC Stevens, M Webb, R BrownBellamy, J Markowitz, JA Brookmeyer, R Collins, KB Collison, BJ Dodge, J Donithan, M Fink, N Gilpin, AMK Gerczak, C Holbrook, JT Isaacson, MR Levine, CR Martin, B Min, YI Owens, RM Nowakowski, DJ Saah, A Singer, S Smith, M Sternberg, AL Tonascia, J VanNatta, ML Davies, MD AgresSegal, M Armstrong, J Brickbauer, J Brothers, R Freitag, G Hubbard, L Hurlburt, D Jensen, K Kastorff, L King, B Magli, Y Messing, S Miner, K Neider, M Onofrey, J Stoppenbach, V Thomas, S VanderhoofYoung, M Stewart, G Hughes, R Welch, L Kurinij, N Mowery, R Ellenberg, S Korvick, J Davis, MD Clark, T Clogston, PS Freeman, W Kolvick, J Mowery, R Sattler, F Brown, BW Conway, B Grizzle, J Nussenblatt, R Phair, J Smith, H Whitley, R Bowers, M Cheng, B Lambert, AG Link, D AF Lewis, RA Clogston, P Fainstein, V Gross, R Samo, TC Tuttle, C Jabs, DA Apuzzo, L Bartlett, J Coleson, L Dunn, JP Eldred, L Feinberg, J Flynn, T King, R Leslie, J Barron, B Greenspan, D Heinemann, MD Polsky, B Squires, K WiseCampbell, S Friedman, AH Cheung, TW Justin, N Teich, S Sacks, H Severin, C Friedberg, DN Addessi, A Dieterich, D Frost, K Weinberg, D Jampol, L Murphy, R Naughton, K Henderly, D Holland, GN Chafey, S Fall, H Hardy, WD Kimbrell, C McArthurChang, L Freeman, WR Meinert, L Peterson, TJ Quiceno, JI Rickman, L Simanello, MA Spector, S ODonnell, J Hoffman, J Irvine, A Jacobson, M Larson, J Seiff, S Wanner, M Davis, J Chuang, E Espinal, M Mendez, P Vandenbroucke, R Cheesman, SH Gittinger, J Haubrich, R Kachadoorian, H Tolson, K Kline, JM Klemm, AC Stevens, M Webb, R BrownBellamy, J Markowitz, JA Brookmeyer, R Collins, KB Collison, BJ Dodge, J Donithan, M Fink, N Gilpin, AMK Gerczak, C Holbrook, JT Isaacson, MR Levine, CR Martin, B Min, YI Owens, RM Nowakowski, DJ Saah, A Singer, S Smith, M Sternberg, AL Tonascia, J VanNatta, ML Davies, MD AgresSegal, M Armstrong, J Brickbauer, J Brothers, R Freitag, G Hubbard, L Hurlburt, D Jensen, K Kastorff, L King, B Magli, Y Messing, S Miner, K Neider, M Onofrey, J Stoppenbach, V Thomas, S VanderhoofYoung, M Stewart, G Hughes, R Welch, L Kurinij, N Mowery, R Ellenberg, S Korvick, J Davis, MD Clark, T Clogston, PS Freeman, W Kolvick, J Mowery, R Sattler, F Brown, BW Conway, B Grizzle, J Nussenblatt, R Phair, J Smith, H Whitley, R Bowers, M Cheng, B Lambert, AG Link, D TI Assessment of cytomegalovirus retinitis - Clinical evaluation vs centralized grading of fundus photographs SO ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Background: In the Foscarnet-Ganciclovir Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Retinitis Trial, time to first progression of newly diagnosed CMV retinitis was similar in the 2 treatment groups but was shorter when assessed by grading of fundus photographs at a central reading center than when assessed at the participating clinical centers. This report describes the extent and causes of this disagreement and considers the implications of the findings for clinical practice and future research. Methods: Clinical findings and photographic gradings were compared for extent and activity of retinitis at baseline and during follow-up. In selected cases of disagreement, the photographs and summaries of gradings and clinical findings were reviewed concurrently to determine the cause of disagreement. Results: Movement of the border of retinitis was observed sooner and activity of the border was considered to have increased more often at the reading center than at the clinical centers. Disagreements on time to first progression were more frequent when degree of border movement was small (odds ratios [ORs] for several comparisons ranged from 1.7 to 5.2), when border activity was judged to have decreased or remained the same since the preceding visit (OR, 2.0-193), and when retinitis at baseline did not involve zone 1 (the area within 1 disc diameter of the disc or within 2 disc diameters of the center of the macula [OR, 1.4-3.6]). There were 2 important causes of disagreement between clinical center and reading center. First, difficulty was encountered clinically in recognizing retinitis border movement in the absence of an obvious increase in border activity. Second, the reading center used a threshold for border movement small enough to be crossed by an initial expansion of retinitis borders occurring within 2 to 5 weeks of enrollment in some patients who were responding favorably to treatment (in that retinitis was becoming inactive and showed no further progression for many weeks). Conclusions: Comparisons of photographs from the current visit with those from several previous visits may increase clinicians' abilities to detect progression promptly. The use of additional outcome measures by reading centers, such as border movement of 1500 pm or more and change in area of retina involved by retinitis, may provide more accurate and useful comparisons of treatments. In making such comparisons, centralized photographic grading has the advantages of greater reproducibility and lesser risk of observer bias. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CULLEN EYE INST,HOUSTON,TX 77030. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. NEW YORK HOSP,CORNELL MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY. NYU,MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,CHICAGO,IL 60611. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. USN HOSP,BETHESDA,MD 20814. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,CORAL GABLES,FL 33124. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,MED CTR,WORCESTER,MA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. UNIV WISCONSIN,FUNDUS PHOTOGRAPH READING CTR,MADISON,WI. ERC BIOSERV CORP,DRUG DISTRIBUT CTR,ROCKVILLE,MD. NIAID,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP Lewis, RA (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,WILMER OPHTHALMOL INST,550 N BROADWAY,SUITE 700,BALTIMORE,MD 21205, USA. NR 8 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9950 J9 ARCH OPHTHALMOL-CHIC JI Arch. Ophthalmol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 114 IS 7 BP 791 EP 805 PG 15 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA UX515 UT WOS:A1996UX51500001 ER PT J AU Dyck, HM vanBelle, GT Benson, JA AF Dyck, HM vanBelle, GT Benson, JA TI Angular diameters and effective temperatures of carbon stars SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CATALOG AB We report new interferometric angular diameter observations of 15 carbon stars. Combining these with previously published diameters for seven other carbon stars, we are able to compute effective temperatures for 22 stars. Of these, 16 have Yamashita spectral classes and are of sufficiently high quality that we may determine the dependence of temperature on spectral type. We find that (with three exceptions) there is a small dispersion of effective temperatures, in the range of spectral classes C5-C9, with a mean value of 3000+/-200 K (rms). There is a slight tendency for the effective temperature to increase with increasing temperature index, in agreement with a previous finding of Tsuji. We assess the effects of circumstellar shells upon our temperature determinations and find that only S Aur and CIT 13 are likely to be contaminated by the presence of a shell. The mean radius for the carbon star sample is estimated to be about 400 R., which makes these stars more similar (in effective temperature and radius) to Mira variables than to late M giants. (C) 1996 American Astronomical Society. C1 USN OBSERV,NPOI,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. RP Dyck, HM (reprint author), UNIV WYOMING,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LARAMIE,WY 82071, USA. NR 32 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 112 IS 1 BP 294 EP 300 DI 10.1086/118014 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UU510 UT WOS:A1996UU51000031 ER PT J AU Urban, SE Martin, JC Jackson, ES Corbin, TE AF Urban, SE Martin, JC Jackson, ES Corbin, TE TI New reductions of the Astrographic Catalogue. Plate adjustments of the Algiers, Oxford I and II, and Vatican zones SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; astrometry; reference systems; surveys; methods, data analysis AB The U. S. Naval Observatory is in the process of making new reductions of the Astrographic Catalogue using a modern reference catalog, the ACRS, and new data analysis and reduction software. Currently ten AC: zones have been reduced. This papers discusses the reduction models and results from the Algiers, Oxford I and II, and Vatican zones (those of the Cape zone are discussed elsewhere). The resulting star positions will be combined with those of the U.S. Naval Observatory's Twin Astrograph Catalog to produce a catalog of positions and proper motions in support of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. RP Urban, SE (reprint author), USN OBSERV,3450 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20392, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0365-0138 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS SUP JI Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 1 BP 163 EP 167 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UU982 UT WOS:A1996UU98200011 ER PT J AU Sturner, SJ Dermer, CD AF Sturner, SJ Dermer, CD TI On the nature of the bursting X-ray pulsar GRO J1744-28 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; binaries, close; stars, neutron; pulsars, individual (GRO J1744-28); X-rays, bursts ID RAPID BURSTER; STARS AB The unusual properties of the bursting X-ray pulsar GRO J1744-28 are explained in terms of a low-mass X-ray binary system consisting of an evolved stellar companion transferring mass through Roche-lobe overflow onto a neutron star, implying that the inclination of the system is less than or similar to 18 degrees. Interpretation of the QPO at frequency nu(QPO) = 40 Hz using the beat-frequency model of Alpar & Shaham and the measured period derivative P with the Ghosh & Lamb accretion-torque model implies that the persistent X-ray luminosity of the source is approximately equal to the Eddington luminosity and that the neutron star has a surface equatorial magnetic field B-eq congruent to 2 x 10(10) (nu(QPO)/40 Hz)(-1) G for standard neutron star parameters. This implies a distance to GRO J1744 -28 of congruent to 5 (nu(QPO)/40 Hz)(1/6)b(1/2) kpc, where b < 1 is a correction factor that depends on the orientation of the neutron star. RP Sturner, SJ (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES, CODE 7653, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 465 IS 1 BP L31 EP L34 DI 10.1086/310126 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UR891 UT WOS:A1996UR89100008 ER PT J AU Pazirandeh, M AF Pazirandeh, M TI Development of a metallothionein based heavy metal biosorbent SO BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID BIOTECHNOLOGY AB The potential utility of a recombinant E. coli expressing the Neurospora crassa metallothionein gene (NCP) as a heavy metal biosorbent was investigated. It was shown that the NCP was capable of efficiently removing low levels of several metals (including cadmium, lead, and mercury) from solutions. The reusability of the NCP was demonstrated through 5 cycles of metal binding, stripping with dilute acid, and regeneration of the binding sites with out any adverse effect on the metal binding activity. The NCP was successfully encapsulated in alginate and acrylamide without any inhibitory effect on its metal uptake activity. Furthermore, the metal uptake activity of the NCP was shown to be metabolism independent and resistant to solvents and other compounds (eg. polyaromatic hydrocarbons) which are often present along with heavy metals in waste waters thereby creating the potential for non-viable, encapsulated cells to be used. RP Pazirandeh, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CTR BIOMOLEC SCI & ENGN,CODE 6900,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS AUST PI MARRICKVILLE PA LOCKED BAG 16, MARRICKVILLE NSW 2204, AUSTRALIA SN 1039-9712 J9 BIOCHEM MOL BIOL INT JI Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 789 EP 795 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA VA368 UT WOS:A1996VA36800018 PM 8843348 ER PT J AU Karle, IL Rao, RB Kaul, R Prasad, S Balaram, P AF Karle, IL Rao, RB Kaul, R Prasad, S Balaram, P TI Peptide design: Crystal structure of a helical peptide module attached to a potentially nonhelical amino terminal segment SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article ID SYNTHETIC PROTEIN MIMICS; ALPHA-AMINOISOBUTYRIC-ACID; LEU-AIB-OME; PACKING MOTIFS; DECAPEPTIDES; ANTIPARALLEL; HYDRATION; PARALLEL; APOLAR AB The peptide Boc-Gly-Dpg-Gly-Val-Ala-Leu-Aib-Val-Ala-Leu-OMe has been designed to examine the structural consequences of placing a short segment with a low helix propensity at the amino terminus of a helical heptapeptide module. The Gly-Dpg-Gly segment is a potential connecting element in the synthetic construction of a helix-linker-helix motif: Crystal parameters for the peptide are P2(1), a = 8.651(3) Angstrom, b = 46.826(13) Angstrom, c = 16.245 Angstrom, beta = 90.13(3)degrees, Z = 4; 2 independent molecules/asymmetric unit. The structure reveals almost identical conformations for the two independent molecules. The backbone is completely helical for residues 2-9, with one 4 --> 1 hydrogen bond and six 5 --> 1 hydrogen bonds. The alpha,alpha-di-n-propylglycine residue adopts a helical conformation. Gly(1) adopts an extended conformation resulting in a nonhelical N-terminus, with the Boc group swinging away from the helix. The lateral association of helices in the b axis direction is unusual in that the helix axes are directed up or down(parallel or antiparallel) by pairs: down arrow down arrow up arrow up arrow down arrow down arrow etc. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 BANARAS HINDU UNIV,DEPT CHEM,VARANASI 221005,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA. INDIAN INST SCI,MOLEC BIOPHYS UNIT,BANGALORE 560012,KARNATAKA,INDIA. RP Karle, IL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM30902] NR 31 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0006-3525 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 1 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0282(199607)39:1<75::AID-BIP8>3.0.CO;2-S PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA UR710 UT WOS:A1996UR71000008 PM 8924628 ER PT J AU Hooper, WP James, JE Lind, RJ AF Hooper, WP James, JE Lind, RJ TI Lidar observations of turbulent vortex shedding by an isolated topographic feature SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID WIND AB Scanning measurements by a single wavelength lidar (1.06 mu m) were made downwind of the Pt. Sur rock, an isolated hill (height 110 m) along the California coast. Turbulent eddies (approximate diameter 50 m) were observed detaching from a stationary aerosol feature above the rock and moving downwind. Under conditions with a high Froude number [1.8], the Strouhal number [0.22] of vortex shedding was close to that observed in tank experiments with a Reynolds number of 200. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Hooper, WP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 80 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 108 DI 10.1007/BF00119013 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VR824 UT WOS:A1996VR82400005 ER PT J AU Gomatos, PJ Monier, MK Arthur, RR Rodier, GR ElZimaity, D Hassan, NF Quinti, I ElSahly, ADM Sultan, Y Hyams, KC AF Gomatos, PJ Monier, MK Arthur, RR Rodier, GR ElZimaity, D Hassan, NF Quinti, I ElSahly, ADM Sultan, Y Hyams, KC TI Sporadic acute hepatitis caused by hepatitis E virus in Egyptian adults SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article C1 USN,MED RES UNIT 3,CAIRO,EGYPT. ABBASSIA FEVER HOSP,CAIRO,EGYPT. NR 3 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 1 BP 195 EP 196 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA UV502 UT WOS:A1996UV50200041 PM 8816162 ER PT J AU Shelbourne, KD Patel, DV Adsit, WS Porter, DA AF Shelbourne, KD Patel, DV Adsit, WS Porter, DA TI Rehabilitation after meniscal repair SO CLINICS IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TEARS; KNEE; MENISCECTOMY; RECONSTRUCTION; INJURY; MOTION AB The literature indicates that most existing rehabilitation protocols for meniscal repair are restrictive. At present there is no consensus regarding the ideal rehabilitation program following meniscal repair. This article presents the clinical results of isolated meniscal repair performed using the authors' technique, followed by an accelerated rehabilitation program consisting of no immobilization, immediate full weight bearing as tolerated, and early return to sports. A prospective, randomized study of isolated meniscal repair comparing various rehabilitation protocols is needed to resolve the controversial issue of postrepair rehabilitation. C1 USN HOSP,CAMP PENDLETON,CA. WRIGHT STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DAYTON,OH. RP Shelbourne, KD (reprint author), METHODIST SPORTS MED CTR,1815 N CAPITOL AVE,SUITE 530,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202, USA. NR 36 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0278-5919 J9 CLIN SPORT MED JI Clin. Sports Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 15 IS 3 BP 595 EP & PG 20 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA UT971 UT WOS:A1996UT97100012 PM 8800538 ER PT J AU Whitford, DJ Thornton, EB AF Whitford, DJ Thornton, EB TI Bed shear stress coefficients for longshore currents over a barred profile SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SURF ZONE; WAVE; BOTTOM AB Quantitative estimates are obtained of various terms in the momentum equation governing the mean alongshore flow in the surf zone on a barred beach. A movable sled was instrumented with pressure, current, and wind sensors to measure wave and wind forcing during the SUPERDUCK experiment. Mean currents and bottom shear stress at various locations across the surf zone were determined. Particular attention is devoted to precise estimation of the cross-shore gradient of the radiation stress. Wind forcing is found to be a first-order term, along with wave forcing, under certain conditions. Time dependence of the mean longshore current is due to variable wave forcing inside the surf zone as the tide modulates the depth of waves breaking on the bar. Bed shear stress coefficients, determined as a residual of the local alongshore momentum balance, tended to decrease in magnitude shoreward. Mean bed shear stress coefficients and estimated error are 0.004 +/- 0.0013, 0.003 +/- 0.0006, and 0.001 +/- 0.0003 for offshore the bar, on top and immediately in front of the bar, and in the trough. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 27 IS 3-4 BP 243 EP 262 DI 10.1016/0378-3839(96)00005-1 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA VB708 UT WOS:A1996VB70800005 ER PT J AU Makeig, S Jung, TP AF Makeig, S Jung, TP TI Tonic, phasic, and transient EEG correlates of auditory awareness in drowsiness SO COGNITIVE BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE EEG sleep; auditory perception; theta; gamma; spindle; ERP ID OSCILLATIONS; PERFORMANCE; DYNAMICS; SPECTRUM AB During drowsiness, human performance in responding to above-threshold auditory targets tends to vary irregularly over periods of 4 min and longer. These performance fluctuations are accompanied by distinct changes in the frequency spectrum of the electroencephalogram (EEG) on three time scales: (1) during minute-scale and longer periods of intermittent responding, mean activity levels in the (< 4 Hz) delta and (4-6 Hz) theta bands, and at the sleep spindle frequency (14 Hz) are higher than during alert performance. (2) In most subjects, 4-6 Hz theta EEG activity begins to increase, and gamma band activity above 35 Hz begins to decrease, about 10 s before presentations of undetected targets, while before detected targets, 4-6 Hz amplitude decreases and gamma band amplitude increases. Both these amplitude differences last 15-20 s and occur in parallel with event-related cycles in target detection probability. In the same periods, alpha and sleep-spindle frequency amplitudes also show prominent 15-20 a cycles, but these are not phase locked to performance cycles. (3) A second or longer after undetected targets, amplitude at intermediate (10-25 Hz) frequencies decreases briefly, while detected targets are followed by a transient amplitude increase in the same latency and frequency range. C1 SALK INST BIOL STUDIES,COMP NEUROBIOL LAB,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. USN,HLTH RES CTR,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. RP Makeig, S (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 29 TC 117 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6410 J9 COGNITIVE BRAIN RES JI Cognit. Brain Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 4 IS 1 BP 15 EP 25 DI 10.1016/0926-6410(95)00042-9 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Neurosciences; Neuroimaging SC Computer Science; Neurosciences & Neurology GA UV492 UT WOS:A1996UV49200002 ER PT J AU Lewis, T AF Lewis, T TI Alice in Wired World: Wonderland or wasteland? SO COMPUTER LA English DT Editorial Material RP Lewis, T (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0018-9162 J9 COMPUTER JI Computer PD JUL PY 1996 VL 29 IS 7 BP 17 EP 19 DI 10.1109/2.511964 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA UW246 UT WOS:A1996UW24600017 ER PT J AU Liu, W Park, EK Pissinou, N AF Liu, W Park, EK Pissinou, N TI Encapsulation of ATM cell connections SO COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE B-ISDN; AAL; video frame; data/voice packet; ATM cell; connection control ID SIGNALING PROTOCOL; HOST INTERFACE; ARCHITECTURE; IMPLEMENTATION; SERVICES AB The goal of this research is to provide a framing structure for a sequence of ATM cells which carry multimedia traffic. We will redefine the concept of a connection in the context of cell streams, show how to identify the starting and ending points of connections, and investigate the signaling and hardware support. A new Multimedia Application Adaptation Layer (MAAL) protocol is proposed as an application of this concept. The resolution technique being proposed may reduce the processing overhead when cells travel through the switches. Furthermore, it may simplify the traffic scheduling al the-application level and re-synchronize the multimedia traffics through the Asynchronous Transfer Mode network interface. C1 USN ACAD,DEPT COMP SCI,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402. UNIV SW LOUISIANA,CTR ADV COMP STUDIES,LAFAYETTE,LA 70508. RP Liu, W (reprint author), BELLSOUTH,SUITE 200,1100 ASHWOOD PKWY,ATLANTA,GA 30338, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0140-3664 J9 COMPUT COMMUN JI Comput. Commun. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 19 IS 8 BP 623 EP 627 DI 10.1016/S0140-3664(96)01093-6 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA VJ633 UT WOS:A1996VJ63300001 ER PT J AU Natishan, PM McCafferty, E Puckett, PR Michel, S AF Natishan, PM McCafferty, E Puckett, PR Michel, S TI Ion beam assisted deposited tantalum oxide coatings on aluminum SO CORROSION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aluminum; tantalum oxide; XPS; oxide coatings ID BEHAVIOR; ESCA AB Ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and sputter deposition were used to produce tantalum oxide surfaces on aluminum substrate. The corrosion behavior of the sputter deposited coatings and IBAD modified regions was studied by anodic polarization in deaerated, 0.1M NaCl solutions. The electrochemical results showed that the tantalum oxide surfaces significantly improved the pitting corrosion resistance of the substrate metal. The best results were obtained for samples with 1.8 mu m thick tantalum oxide IBAD modified surfaces. These samples have an average pitting potential value that is 0.850 V higher than that of pure aluminum. X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy showed that the surface of the IBAD samples was composed of Ta2O5 as well as tantalum carbide and tantalum suboxide species. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 COMMONWEALTH SCI CORP,ALEXANDRIA,VA 22314. RP Natishan, PM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0010-938X J9 CORROS SCI JI Corrosion Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 38 IS 7 BP 1043 EP 1049 DI 10.1016/0010-938X(96)00185-0 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA VA460 UT WOS:A1996VA46000003 ER PT J AU Selvaggi, JA Mathewson, WG Laughman, RA Francavilla, TL Gubser, DU Miller, MM AF Selvaggi, JA Mathewson, WG Laughman, RA Francavilla, TL Gubser, DU Miller, MM TI Some operating characteristics of an ironclad high-temperature superconducting coil at 77 K SO CRYOGENICS LA English DT Article DE superconductivity; high temperature; magnets; ironclad AB Magnets made from high-temperature superconducting materials can benefit from the judicious use of iron. Iron used in a cylindrical geometry was found to reduce the radial component of the magnetic field seen by the superconductor, and so results in greater critical currents than those attainable without the iron cladding. When properly used, iron can affect the magnetic field seen by the superconductor, allowing the use of higher currents with a consequent increase in the maximum attainable fields. The advantages noted at low currents and at a temperature of 77 K in this paper can be realized at greater currents and at other temperatures. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Limited C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Selvaggi, JA (reprint author), ERIEZ MAGNET CORP,ERIE,PA 16506, USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0011-2275 J9 CRYOGENICS JI Cryogenics PD JUL PY 1996 VL 36 IS 7 BP 555 EP 558 DI 10.1016/0011-2275(96)00013-6 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA UU870 UT WOS:A1996UU87000009 ER PT J AU Zhu, ZL Gafney, WCM Pacheco, ND Rollwagen, FM AF Zhu, ZL Gafney, WCM Pacheco, ND Rollwagen, FM TI Kinetics of cytokine gene expression in macrophage and endothelial cell lines following liposome encapsulated haemoglobin (LEH) treatment in vitro SO CYTOKINE LA English DT Article DE endothelial cells; Mo; LEH; RT-PCR; IL-6 ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HEMOGLOBIN; INTERLEUKIN-6; INVIVO; MECHANISM; CACHEXIA; BIOLOGY; RELEASE; RABBIT; MARKER AB Liposome encapsulated haemoglobin (LEH), a blood substitute, has been shown to increase serum IL-6 levels in mice, but the cellular source of this cytokine is unknown, These experiments were conducted to determine cytokine gene expression by macrophages (P388D1) and endothelial cells (EOMA) after LEH treatment in vitro, P388D1 and EOMA cells were incubated with LEH, final concentration of 10%, for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h, Total RNA was extracted at the above times and semi-quantitative RT-PCR was carried out to detect cytokine mRNA expression in the presence of competitive internal standards specific for mouse IL-1 beta, IL-6, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha. and GM-CSF. The results demonstrated that although constitutive cytokine gene expression exists in both cell lines, the level of IL-6 mRNA was prominently elevated by incubation with LEH, rapidly reaching a peak at about 4 h and gradually declining over the next 20 h after LEH treatment, In contrast, there was no significant change in mRNA accumulation of IL-1 beta, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha or GM-CSF at all times, These in vitro findings suggest that macrophages and endothelial cells may be the cellular sources of the elevated levels of IL-6 found in serum after in vivo LEH administration. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 USN,MED RES INST,WOUND REPAIR ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. HENRY M JACKSON FDN,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 1043-4666 J9 CYTOKINE JI Cytokine PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 7 BP 541 EP 547 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA VE529 UT WOS:A1996VE52900005 ER PT J AU Smoak, BL McClain, JB Brundage, JF Broadhurst, L Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Miller, RN AF Smoak, BL McClain, JB Brundage, JF Broadhurst, L Kelly, DJ Dasch, GA Miller, RN TI An outbreak of spotted fever rickettsiosis in US army troops deployed to Botswana SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PREVALENCE; ZIMBABWE C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV COMMUNICABLE DIS & IMMUNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. USA,MEDDAC,VICENZA,ITALY. USN,RES INST,VIRAL & RICKETTSIAL DIS PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD. RP Smoak, BL (reprint author), WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV PREVENT MED,WASHINGTON,DC 20307, USA. NR 11 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 2 IS 3 BP 217 EP 221 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA VA263 UT WOS:A1996VA26300009 PM 8903233 ER PT J AU Cross, ER Hyams, KC AF Cross, ER Hyams, KC TI The potential effect of global warming on the geographic and seasonal distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi in Southwest Asia SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE AB The distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi in Southwest Asia in thought to be highly dependent on temperature and relative humidity. A discriminant analysis model based on weather data and reported vector surveys was developed to predict the seasonal and geographic distribution of P. papatasi in this region. To simulate global warming, temperature values for 115 weather stations were increased by 1 degrees C, 3 degrees C, and 5 degrees C, and the outcome variable coded as unknownin the model. Probability of occurrence values were then predicted for each location with a weather station. Stations with positive probability of occurrence values for May, June, July, and August were considered locations where two or more life cycles of P. papatasi could occur and which could support endemic transmission of leishmaniasis and sandfly fever. Among 115 weather stations, 71 (62%) would be considered endemic with current temperature conditions; 14 (12%) additional stations could become endemic with an increase of 1 degrees C, 17 (15%) more with a 3 degrees C increase; and 12 (10%) more (all but one station) with a 5 degrees C increase. In addition to increased geographic distribution, seasonality of disease transmission could be extended throughout 12 months of the year in 7 (6%) locations with at least a 3 degrees C rise in temperature and in 29 (25%) locations with a 5 degrees C rise. C1 USN,MED RES INST,INFECT DIS THREAT ASSESSMENT DIV,BETHESDA,MD 20889. NR 15 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL INST ENVIRON HEALTH SCI PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 104 IS 7 BP 724 EP 727 DI 10.2307/3433217 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA VA635 UT WOS:A1996VA63500017 PM 8841757 ER PT J AU Aziz, A Kraus, AD AF Aziz, A Kraus, AD TI Optimum design of radiating and convecting-radiating fins SO HEAT TRANSFER ENGINEERING LA English DT Article C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943. RP Aziz, A (reprint author), GONZAGA UNIV,SCH ENGN,DEPT MECH ENGN,SPOKANE,WA 99258, USA. NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0145-7632 J9 HEAT TRANSFER ENG JI Heat Transf. Eng. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 17 IS 3 BP 44 EP 78 DI 10.1080/01457639608939880 PG 35 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA VN306 UT WOS:A1996VN30600005 ER PT J AU Zehner, WJ Thompson, RL AF Zehner, WJ Thompson, RL TI Methods of estimating allowable motion perturbations in side-scan sonar systems SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB This document describes the effects of nonideal hydrophone array motion on sonar image quality and derives the allowable motion errors for vehicles carrying side-scan sonar systems, Estimates of the quantity of motion that causes just noticeable sensor performance degradation as well as those that render the sensors useless are derived using two different methods. Using a special resolution target, examples of simulated image distortion resulting from several types of motion are presented. A method for quantitatively measuring the actual image distortion in situ is described. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,COASTAL SYSTEMS STN,DAHLGREN DIV,PANAMA CITY,FL 32407. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 3 BP 245 EP 255 DI 10.1109/48.508155 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA UY891 UT WOS:A1996UY89100001 ER PT J AU Candy, JV Sullivan, EJ AF Candy, JV Sullivan, EJ TI Model-based identification: An adaptive approach to ocean-acoustic processing SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; SOURCE LOCALIZATION; VERTICAL ARRAY AB A model-based approach is developed to solve an adaptive ocean-acoustic signal-processing problem, Model-based signal processing is a well-defined methodology enabling the inclusion of propagation models, measurement models, and noise models into sophisticated processing algorithms. Here, we investigate the design of a so-called model-based identifier (MBID) for a general nonlinear state-space structure and apply it to a shallow-water ocean-acoustic problem characterized by the normal-mode model, In this problem, we assume that the structure of the model is known and we show how this parameter-adaptive processor can be configured to jointly estimate both the modal functions and the horizontal wave numbers directly from the measured pressure-field and sound speed. We first design the model-based identifier using a model developed from a shallow-water ocean experiment and then apply it to a corresponding set of experimental data demonstrating the feasibility of this approach, It is also shown that one of the benefits of this adaptive approach is a solution to the so-called ''mismatch'' problem in matched-field processing (MFP). C1 NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841. RP Candy, JV (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-437,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 21 IS 3 BP 273 EP 289 DI 10.1109/48.508158 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA UY891 UT WOS:A1996UY89100004 ER PT J AU Dennis, ML Arend, MF Duling, IN AF Dennis, ML Arend, MF Duling, IN TI Soliton loop mirror demultiplexer using orthogonally polarized signal and control SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PULSE AB For future ultra high speed (approximate to 100 Gb/s) time division multiplexed (TDM) communications systems, a means of demultiplexing the individual channels is essential. We report demonstration of a loop mirror demultiplexer operating in the soliton regime using polarization multiplexing of the control and signal. A clean, high-contrast, high-efficiency switching window is obtained by optimizing control and signal pulse energy, fiber length, etc. The results are compared with loop mirror demultiplexer operation in the linear regime, and with numerical simulations. RP Dennis, ML (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5671,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 7 BP 906 EP 908 DI 10.1109/68.502266 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA UT300 UT WOS:A1996UT30000020 ER PT J AU AbdelHamid, TK AF AbdelHamid, TK TI The slippery path to productivity improvement SO IEEE SOFTWARE LA English DT Article AB Since the 1970s, software-producing organizations have invested in dozens of technological innovations such as fourth-generation languages, CASE products, object-oriented analysis and programming, and software reuse. Yet productivity tools simply aren't delivering increased productivity even when a project is managed ''by the book.'' The oldest conventional explanation blames this stagnation on poor management. This article attempts to demonstrate that there may be more systemic, albeit counterintuitive, causes for the ''productivity paradox.'' Specifically, the productivity potential of software engineering tools may be squandered not because organizations fail to institute the necessary managerial practices bit because the software development environment is a complex social system that causes such practices to have unintended consequences. In real life, organizations are much worse off. Many more things can go wrong, and often do. RP AbdelHamid, TK (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,SYST MANAGEMENT DEPT,CODE SM AH,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 2 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 SN 0740-7459 J9 IEEE SOFTWARE JI IEEE Softw. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 13 IS 4 BP 43 EP & DI 10.1109/52.526831 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA UU925 UT WOS:A1996UU92500015 ER PT J AU Helmick, RE Blair, WD Hoffman, SA AF Helmick, RE Blair, WD Hoffman, SA TI One-step fixed-lag smoothers for Markovian switching systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL LA English DT Article AB Suboptimal approaches to the one-step fixed-lag smoothing problem for Markovian switching systems are examined in this paper. Two algorithms are developed for obtaining one-step fixed-lag smoothed estimates. The first algorithm is an approximation that considers the models over the two most recent sampling periods, while the second one considers only the models over the most recent sampling period. Simulation results are presented to compare the performances of these smoothing algorithms. RP Helmick, RE (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,DAHLGREN DIV,SYST RES & TECHNOL DEPT,CODE B32,DAHLGREN,VA 22448, USA. NR 9 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9286 J9 IEEE T AUTOMAT CONTR JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Control PD JUL PY 1996 VL 41 IS 7 BP 1051 EP 1056 DI 10.1109/9.508915 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA UZ975 UT WOS:A1996UZ97500018 ER PT J AU Robertson, RC Sheltry, JF AF Robertson, RC Sheltry, JF TI Multiple tone interference of frequency-hopped noncoherent MFSK signals transmitted over Ricean fading channels SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB This paper investigates the performance degradation resulting from multitone interference of orthogonal, frequency-hopped, noncoherent M-ary frequency-shift keyed receivers (FH/MFSK) where the effect of thermal and other wideband noise is not neglected, The multiple, equal power jamming tones are assumed to correspond to some or all of the possible FH M-ary orthogonal signaling tones, Furthermore, the channel is modeled as a Ricean fading channel; and both the signaling tones and the multiple interference tones are assumed to be affected by channel fading, It is also assumed that channel fading need not necessarily affect the signaling tones and the interference tones in the same way, When the information signal power exceeds the power of the individual interference tones, poorer overall system performance is obtained when the multiple interfering tones experience fading, This trend is accentuated as M increases, When the information signal experiences fading, the effect of fading multiple interference tones on overall system performance lessens, and for a Rayleigh-faded information signal, fading of the multiple interference tones has no effect on overall system performance regardless of M. RP Robertson, RC (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,CODE EC-RC,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 14 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0090-6778 J9 IEEE T COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Commun. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 867 EP 875 DI 10.1109/26.508306 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA UX748 UT WOS:A1996UX74800017 ER PT J AU Rauscher, C AF Rauscher, Christen TI A Channelized-Limiter Approach to Receiver Front-End Protection SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB The receiver protection scheme being presented relies on frequency channelization of incident signals to accomplish +amplitude limiting on a frequency-selective, self-induced, instantaneous basis. A demultiplexer separates signals into contiguous subbands for parallel processing, after which they are reunited by a multiplexer to yield a signal composite of original bandwidth. The scheme's attractiveness; lies in its ability to combine the advantages of fast response, broadband, passive limiters with the benefits of narrowband signal rejection techniques that employ frequency-tunable or switched notch filters. The concept is demonstrated with an experimental five-channel modified-logarithmic-periodic limiter prototype circuit, configured as a 7.5-to 12.5-GHz channelized self-limiting amplifier. The measured results confirm the circuit's transparency to small-amplitude signals and illustrate its efffectiveness in confining large-signal effects, such as gain compression and intermodulation products, to narrow frequency intervals. C1 USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Rauscher, C (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. FU Office of Naval Research FX The author extends special thanks to H. E. Heddings of the Naval Research Laboratory for the skillful assembly of the experimental circuit, to R. Oberle and E. Reese of Texas Instruments, Inc. for providing the carefully characterized MMIC chips employed in the circuit, and to D.C. Webb and W. Kruppa for their valuable suggestions. The MMIC chips were designed and fabricated under the ARPA MIMIC Program. The channelized receiver protection work was inspired by Navy systems requirements and carried out under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1125 EP 1129 AR PII S0018-9480(96)04716-3 DI 10.1109/22.508647 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA V28AX UT WOS:000208654800018 ER PT J AU Nisenoff, M Meyers, WJ AF Nisenoff, M Meyers, WJ TI MTT special issue guest editorial SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ALLIED SIGNAL TECH SERV CORP,COLUMBIA,MD. RP Nisenoff, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1193 EP 1197 DI 10.1109/TMTT.1996.508225 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UX545 UT WOS:A1996UX54500001 ER PT J AU Kawecki, TG Golba, GA Price, GE Rose, VS Meyers, WJ AF Kawecki, TG Golba, GA Price, GE Rose, VS Meyers, WJ TI The high temperature superconductivity space experiment (HTSSE-II) design SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB The high temperature superconductivity space experiment (HTSSE) program, initiated by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) in 1988, is described, The HTSSE program focuses high temperature superconductor (HTS) technology applications on space systems, The program phases, goals, and objectives are discussed. The devices developed for the HTSSE-II phase of the program and their suppliers are enumerated, Eight space-qualified components were integrated as a cryogenic experimental payload on DOD's ARGOS spacecraft, The payload was designed and built using a unique NRL/industry partnership and was integrated and space-qualified at NRL. C1 ROSE CONSULTANTS,BOWIE,MD 20720. ALLIED SIGNAL TECH SERV CORP,COLUMBIA,MD 21045. RP Kawecki, TG (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1198 EP 1212 DI 10.1109/22.508226 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UX545 UT WOS:A1996UX54500002 ER PT J AU Rauscher, C Pond, JM Tait, GB AF Rauscher, C Pond, JM Tait, GB TI Cryogenic microwave channelized receiver SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB The channelized receiver being presented demonstrates the use of high temperature superconductor technology in a microwave system setting where superconductor, microwave-monolithic-intergraed-circuit, and hybrid-integrated-circuit components are united in one package and cooled to liquid-nitrogen temperatures, The receiver consists of a superconducting X-band four-channel demultiplexer with 100-MHz-wide channels, four commercial monolithically integrated mixers, and four custom-designed hybrid-circuit. detectors containing heterostructure ramp diodes, The composite receiver unit has been integrated into the payload of the second-phase NRL high temperature superconductor space experiment (HTSSE-II). Prior to payload assembly, the response characteristics of the receiver were measured as functions of frequency, temperature, and drive levels. The article describes the circuitry, discusses the kev issues related to design and implementation, and summarizes the experimental result. C1 US MIL ACAD,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,W POINT,NY 10996. RP Rauscher, C (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV ELECTR SCI & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1240 EP 1247 DI 10.1109/22.508229 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UX545 UT WOS:A1996UX54500005 ER PT J AU Claassen, JH Skalitzky, RG Soulen, RJ AF Claassen, JH Skalitzky, RG Soulen, RJ TI The NRL Josephson junction monitoring experiment on HTSEE-II SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB An experiment designed to ride on the high temperature superconductor space experiment (HTSSE-II) satellite package is described, which monitors the current-voltage characteristics of two high temperature superconductor (BTS) Josephson junctions, The junctions are typical examples of the state-of-the-art at the time of incorporation, and were obtained from two industrial laboratories: TRW and Conductus. Stringent requirements on shielding the devices from rf interference and de magnetic fields are necessary to ensure that the measurements are meaningful, An additional constraint is imposed by the necessity to minimize flow of heat into the device package, Engineering solutions to these problems, and the resulting performance of the measurement system, are described. The package and associated electronics have been integrated into the flight satellite. RP Claassen, JH (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1308 EP 1312 DI 10.1109/22.508235 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UX545 UT WOS:A1996UX54500011 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GC Huang, H AF Gaunaurd, GC Huang, H TI Sound scattering by a spherical object near a hard flat bottom SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL LA English DT Article ID WAVES AB We consider the scattering of plane acoustic waves by spherical objects near a plane hard surface. The angles of incidence are arbitrary and so are the distances of the objects from the hard boundary. We use the method of images. The final result for the sound field [cf. (21)] consists of four parts: the incident field and its reflection from the boundary, which are shown combined; the scattered field from the sphere, and that scattered by its image. These last two appear coupled since both sphere and image are repeatedly interacting with each other. The entire solution is referred to the center of the real sphere. This can be accomplished in an exact fashion by means of the addition theorems for spherical wave-functions. These theorems are taken from the atomic physics literature, where they are more frequently used. The required coupling coefficients, b(mn), are obtained from the solution of an infinite linear complex system of transcendental equations with coefficients given by series. The system is suitably truncated to obtain numerical predictions for the form-functions by means of the Gauss-Seidel iteration method. Many calculations are displayed exhibiting the distortion that the proximity of the hard boundary causes on the free-space solution. The form-functions are graphed versus ka, for various values of the normalized separation D equivalent to d/a of the sphere from its image. They are also plotted versus the angle of observation, for fixed values of Omega = ka and D. These plots are the exact benchmark curves against which the accuracy of approximate solutions, found by other methods, could be assessed. They could also serve to determine the distances above the bottom, beyond which the bottom effect could be neglected. This is an idealized model to predict the distorted sonar cross section of a hard spherical object near a hard hat bottom. C1 USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,INDIAN HEAD DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. RP Gaunaurd, GC (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,CARDEROCK DIV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 45 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-3010 J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control PD JUL PY 1996 VL 43 IS 4 BP 690 EP 700 DI 10.1109/58.503731 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA UW854 UT WOS:A1996UW85400027 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Craighead, N Williams, AJ Scadron, A June, CH Lee, KP AF Davis, TA Craighead, N Williams, AJ Scadron, A June, CH Lee, KP TI Primary porcine endothelial cells express membrane-bound B7-2 (CD86) and a soluble factor that co-stimulate cyclosporin A-resistant and CD28-dependent human T cell proliferation SO INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immunoprecipitation; mAb; mRNA; soluble activity; T cell activation ID CLASS-II ANTIGENS; CD28 RECEPTOR FAMILIES; IA-LIKE-ANTIGENS; IN-VITRO; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; INTERLEUKIN-2 PRODUCTION; COSTIMULATORY MOLECULES; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION AB Increasing evidence suggests that endothelial cells can directly activate syngeneic, allogeneic and xenogeneic T cells. In this study we demonstrate that unstimulated, paraformaldehyde-fixed primary porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) and microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) can provide co-stimulation for human T cell IL-2 secretion and proliferation. EC-mediated costimulation has both cyclosporin A (CsA)-sensitive and CsA-resistant components. The CsA-resistant component is completely suppressed either by blocking with anti-CD28 F(ab) fragments or CTLA-4-Ig. Northern blot analysis of unstimulated PAEC and PMVEC with porcine-specific probes reveals constitutive expression of B7-2 mRNA while B7-1 message was not detected. hCTLA-4-Ig and anti-B7-2 mAb immunoprecipitates a single 79 kDa PMVEC surface protein. Surprisingly, PMVEC conditioned media also has soluble co-stimulatory activity that is blocked by anti-CD28 F(ab) fragments or anti-B7-2 mAb. These findings demonstrate that primary unstimulated porcine EC can co-stimulate CsA-resistant human T cell proliferation through binding of membrane bound, constitutively expressed EC B7-2 (CD86) to human T cell CD28, providing one of the first demonstrations of functional B7-2 on cells outside the immune system. In addition, PMVEC secrete or shed a soluble factor that mediates CD28-dependent human T cell proliferation, demonstrating the existence of soluble mediators of CD28 activation. C1 USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,BETHESDA,MD 20889. UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 71 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0953-8178 J9 INT IMMUNOL JI Int. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 7 BP 1099 EP 1111 DI 10.1093/intimm/8.7.1099 PG 13 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA UZ993 UT WOS:A1996UZ99300013 PM 8757955 ER PT J AU Manthorpe, WHJ AF Manthorpe, WHJ TI The emerging joint system of systems: A systems engineering challenge and opportunity for APL SO JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST LA English DT Article AB Today, a few influential senior officials envision integrating advanced command, control, computers, communications, and information ((CI)-I-4) systems with intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) systems to provide joint commanders with dominant battlespace awareness. Linking those (CI)-I-4 and ISR systems into a joint ''system of systems'' with precision-guided weapons will support warfighting by facilitating precision strikes. The evolving official joint military vision is that the joint system of systems, supported by information warfare, will provide the United States with information superiority and permit the creation of totally new operational concepts to change warfighting. The Applied Physics Laboratory has recognized this view of the future and is positioning itself to participate in engineering the emerging joint system of systems. RP Manthorpe, WHJ (reprint author), USN,WARFARE ANAL DEPT,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 12 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 5 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PI LAUREL PA APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY ATTN: MANAGING EDITOR JOHN HOPKINS RD, BLDG 1-E254, LAUREL, MD 20723-6099 SN 0270-5214 J9 J HOPKINS APL TECH D JI Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Dig. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 17 IS 3 BP 305 EP 313 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA UU500 UT WOS:A1996UU50000006 ER PT J AU Hebbar, SK Platzer, MF Alkhozam, AM AF Hebbar, SK Platzer, MF Alkhozam, AM TI Experimental study of vortex flow control on double-delta wings using fillets SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID AIRCRAFT MODEL AB An experimental investigation of vortex dow control through small geometry modifications (fillets) at the strake/wing junction of a cropped, double delta wing model with sharp leading edges was conducted in a water tunnel at a model Reynolds number of 1.875 x 10(4), The fillets increased the wing area of the baseline model by 1%. The main focus of this study was to evaluate the effects of fillets on vortex core trajectories, interactions, and breakdown (bursting) on the leeward surface at high angles of attack (AOAs), using the dye-injection technique, Comparison of test results for different fillet shapes indicates delay in both vortex interaction and breakdown at high AOAs, particularly for the diamond-fillet shape, The vortex trajectory data for the diamond-fillet shape clearly imply lift augmentation, thus supporting the concept of flow control using fillets. The vortex breakdown data indicate lift augmentation for both the static and dynamic cases. RP Hebbar, SK (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT AERONAUT & ASTRONAUT,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 33 IS 4 BP 743 EP 751 DI 10.2514/3.47010 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA VD917 UT WOS:A1996VD91700010 ER PT J AU Ruggiero, FH Sashegyi, KD Madala, RV Raman, S AF Ruggiero, FH Sashegyi, KD Madala, RV Raman, S TI Diabatic initialization of stratiform precipitation for a mesoscale model SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Jehuda Neumann Memorial Symposium on Mesoscale Modeling and Climate History CY JAN 04-06, 1995 CL JERUSALEM, ISRAEL ID NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; SATELLITE DATA; REGIONAL MODEL; SPECIFICATION; ATMOSPHERE; SCHEME; ECMWF; GALE AB A technique is described that adds diabatic forcing from stratiform precipitation to a vertical normal-mode initialization of a mesoscale model. The technique uses observed precipitation amounts and cloud-top height estimations with analyzed thermodynamic and kinematic fields to vertically distribute diabatic heating that arises from stratiform precipitation. Simulation experiments reveal the importance of incorporating this heating into the initialization. An adiabatic initialization recovered about 65%-75% of the maximum upward vertical motions, whereas a diabatic initialization, with respect to stratiform precipitation, recovered nearly all the original vertical motions. A real-data case study is presented using combined rain gauge-satellite precipitation analyses with cloud-top heights estimated from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite infrared brightness temperatures. The short-term precipitation forecasts from a diabatically initialized model, with respect to stratiform precipitation, demonstrate improvement over forecasts from an adiabatically initialized model. C1 PHILLIPS LAB, DIV ATMOSPHER SCI, BEDFORD, MA USA. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV, DEPT MARINE EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI, RALEIGH, NC 27695 USA. RP Ruggiero, FH (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, DIV REMOTE SENSING, CODE 7225, 4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1111 EP 1128 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<1111:DIOSPF>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UV295 UT WOS:A1996UV29500009 ER PT J AU Andry, PS Varhue, WJ Ladipo, F Ahmed, K Adams, E Lavoie, M Klein, PB Hengehold, R Hunter, J AF Andry, PS Varhue, WJ Ladipo, F Ahmed, K Adams, E Lavoie, M Klein, PB Hengehold, R Hunter, J TI Growth of Er-doped silicon using metalorganics by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IMPLANTED SI; ERBIUM; LUMINESCENCE; BEAM AB Epitaxial growth of Er-doped silicon films has been performed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition at low temperature (430 degrees C) using an electron cyclotron resonance source. The goal was to incorporate an optically active center, erbium surrounded by nitrogen, through the use of the metalorganic compound tris (bis trimethyl silyl amido) erbium. Films were analyzed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and high resolution x-ray diffraction. The characteristic 1.54 mu m emission was observed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. Previous attempts to incorporate the complex (ErO6) using tris (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato) erbium (III) indicated that excessive carbon contamination lowered epitaxial quality and reduced photoluminescent intensity. In this study, chemical analysis of the films also revealed a large carbon concentration, however, the effect on epitaxial quality was much less destructive. A factorial design experiment was performed whose analysis identified the key processing parameters leading to high quality luminescent films. Hydrogen was found to be a major cause of crystal quality degradation in our metalorganic plasma-enhanced process. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV VERMONT,DEPT CHEM,BURLINGTON,VT 05405. IBM CORP,ESSEX JCT,VT 05452. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. AFIT,ENP,WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB,OH 45433. RP Andry, PS (reprint author), UNIV VERMONT,DEPT ELECT ENGN,BURLINGTON,VT 05405, USA. NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 80 IS 1 BP 551 EP 558 DI 10.1063/1.362759 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UU532 UT WOS:A1996UU53200084 ER PT J AU Young, AJ Sawka, MN Muza, SR Boushel, R Lyons, T Rock, PB Freund, BJ Waters, R Cymerman, A Pandolf, KB Valeri, CR AF Young, AJ Sawka, MN Muza, SR Boushel, R Lyons, T Rock, PB Freund, BJ Waters, R Cymerman, A Pandolf, KB Valeri, CR TI Effects of erythrocyte infusion on Vo(2max) at high altitude SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blood doping; exercise; hypoxia; oxygen transport; maximal oxygen uptake ID AEROBIC WORK CAPACITY; EXERCISE; REINFUSION; WOMEN; POWER AB This study investigated whether autologous erythrocyte infusion would ameliorate the decrement in maximal O-2 uptake (VO2max) experienced by lowlanders when they ascend to high altitude. VO2max was measured in 16 men (treadmill running) at sea level (SL) and on the 1st (HA1) and 9th (HA9) days of high-altitude (4,300 m) residence. After VO2max was measured at SL, subjects were divided into two matched groups (n = 8). Twenty-four hours before ascent to high altitude, the experimental group received a 700-ml infusion of autologous erythrocytes and saline (42% hematocrit), whereas the control group received only saline. The VO2max of erythrocyte-infused [54 +/- 1 (SE) ml . kg(-1) . min(-1)] and control subjects (52 +/- 2 ml . kg(-1) . min(-1)) did not differ at SL before infusion. The decrement in VO2max on HA1 did not differ between groups, averaging 26% overall, despite higher (P < 0.001) arterial hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and arterial O-2 content in the erythrocyte-infused subjects. By HA9, there were no longer any differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, or arterial O-2 content between groups. No change in VO2(max) occurred between HA1 and HA9 for either group. Thus, despite increasing arterial O-2-carrying capacity, autologous erythrocyte infusion did not ameliorate the decrement in VO2max at 4,300-m altitude. C1 BOSTON UNIV, MED CTR, USN, BLOOD RES LAB, BOSTON, MA 02118 USA. RP Young, AJ (reprint author), USA, RIEM, THERMAL PHYSIOL & MED DIV, NATICK, MA 01760 USA. NR 23 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 81 IS 1 BP 252 EP 259 PG 8 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA VA586 UT WOS:A1996VA58600032 PM 8828672 ER PT J AU Ridout, JA Rosmond, TE AF Ridout, JA Rosmond, TE TI Global modeling of cloud radiative effects using ISCCP cloud data SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; BUDGET EXPERIMENT ERBE; FORECAST MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; PREDICTION; CLIMATE; ABSORPTION; CONVECTION; RADIANCES; SCIENCE AB Cloud radiative effects are represented in simulations with the general circulation model of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) using ingested cloud field data from the ISCCP dataset rather than model-diagnosed cloud fields. The primary objective is to investigate the extent to which the high temporal resolution ISCCP data can be used to improve the simulation of cloud radiative effects on the general circulation in GCM simulations much as observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) have been used to avoid simulation errors resulting from inaccurately modeled SSTs. Experiments are described that examine the degree to which uncertainties in cloud field vertical structure impair the utility of the observed cloud data in this regard, as well as the extent to which unrealistic combinations of cloud radiative forcing and other physical processes may affect GCM simulations. The potential for such unrealistic combinations stems from the lack of feedback to the cloud fields in simulations using ingested cloud data in place of model-predicted cloud fields. Simulations for the present work were carried out for three April through July periods (1986-1988) using prescribed sea surface temperatures. Analysis of the model results concentrated primarily on the month of July, allowing for a 3-month spinup period. Comparisons with ERBE data show the expected improvement in the simulation of top of the atmosphere radiation fields using the observed cloud data. Three experiments are described that examine the model sensitivity to the vertical structure assumed for the cloud fields. The authors show that although uncertainties in assumed vertical profiles of cloudiness may possibly have significant effects on certain aspects of our simulations, such effects do not appear to be large in terms of monthly mean quantities except in the case of large errors in cloud field vertical profiles. Precipitation fields are particularly insensitive to such uncertainties. A preliminary investigation of potential inaccuracies in our representation of cloud radiative effects with ISCCP data resulting from unrealistic combinations of cloud radiative forcing and other physical processes is made by comparing simulations with 3-hourly and monthly mean cloud fraction data. The authors find little difference in the simulation of monthly mean quantities in spire of large differences in the temporal variability of the imposed ISCCP-based cloud radiative forcing in these simulations. These results do not preclude the importance of simulating the correct temporal relationship between cloud radiative forcing and other physical processes in climate model simulations, but they do support the assumption that a correct simulation of that relationship is not essential for the simulation of certain monthly mean quantities. The present results point favorably to the use of the ISCCP cloud data for climate model testing, as well as further GCM experiments examining the radiative effects of clouds on the general circulation. RP Ridout, JA (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, 7 GRACE HOPPER AVE, BOX 2, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1479 EP 1496 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<1479:GMOCRE>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA VC209 UT WOS:A1996VC20900003 ER PT J AU Davis, J AF Davis, J TI An introduction to neural networks - Anderson,JA SO JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Book Review RP Davis, J (reprint author), USN,OFF NAVAL RES,BALLSTON CTR TOWER 1,800 N QUINCY ST,ARLINGTON,VA 22217, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD ST JOURNALS DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0898-929X J9 J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI JI J. Cogn. Neurosci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 8 IS 4 BP 383 EP 383 DI 10.1162/jocn.1996.8.4.383a PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA UY931 UT WOS:A1996UY93100006 PM 23971508 ER PT J AU Marshall, JS Grant, JR AF Marshall, JS Grant, JR TI A method for determining the velocity induced by highly anisotropic vorticity blobs SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VORTEX METHODS; 3 DIMENSIONS; COMPUTATION AB Resolution of boundary layer flows at moderate or high Reynolds numbers with the vortex blob method requires a great many isotropic elements. in this paper, an approximate method for determination of the induced velocity from highly anisotropic vorticity blobs is presented, and issues related to use of anisotropic elements in calculations with vortex blob algorithms for high Reynolds number near-wall flows are examined. The method presented here can be used to determine the induced velocity from smooth blob functions of arbitrary form, provided that the vorticity length scale associated with the blob is much less in one direction than in orthogonal directions. The ratio of these length scales is called the blob aspect ratio, epsilon, and is used as a small parameter to construct an asymptotic approximation to the induced velocity field. This method is applied in the present paper to derive induced velocity expressions for anisotropic Gaussian blob functions in both two and three dimensions. It is argued, using test calculations for a Blasius boundary layer, that although direct calculation of the induced velocity requires about an order of magnitude more CPU time for anisotropic Gaussian elements than for isotropic elements, this difference is more than made up for by a reduction of several orders of magnitude in the number of elements needed to resolve boundary layer flows at moderate to high Reynolds numbers, it is also found that the standard vortex blob representation leads to errors in the calculation of wall slip velocity and wall shear stress due to smoothing of the discontinuity between the real and image vorticity fields at the wall, but that these errors can be avoided by placing doublet-type elements along the wall. (C) 1996 Academic Press. Inc. C1 UNIV IOWA,IOWA INST HYDRAUL RES,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841. RP Marshall, JS (reprint author), UNIV IOWA,DEPT MECH ENGN,IOWA CITY,IA 52242, USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 126 IS 2 BP 286 EP 298 DI 10.1006/jcph.1996.0138 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA UW363 UT WOS:A1996UW36300004 ER PT J AU Sadwick, LP Lee, PP Patel, M Nikols, M Hwu, RJ Shield, JE Streit, DC Brehmer, D McCormick, K Allen, SJ Gedridge, RW AF Sadwick, LP Lee, PP Patel, M Nikols, M Hwu, RJ Shield, JE Streit, DC Brehmer, D McCormick, K Allen, SJ Gedridge, RW TI Epitaxial dysprosium phosphide grown by gas-source and solid-source MBE on gallium arsenide substrates SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Chemical Beam Epitaxy and Related Growth Techniques (ICCBE-5) CY AUG 14-16, 1995 CL UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA HO UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAAS; CONTACTS; FILMS AB We report the first known study of the growth of epitaxial dysprosium phosphide (DyP) grown on gallium arsenide (GaAs). DyP is lattice matched to GaAs, with the room-temperature mismatch being less than 0.01%. We have grown DSIP on GaAs by gas-source and by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy using custom-designed group V thermal cracker cells and group III high temperature effusion cells. X-ray diffraction results show the DyP epilayer to be (001) single crystal on GaAs(001) substrate. Electrical and optical measurements performed to date are inconclusive as to whether DyP is a semi-metal or a semiconductor with a small band gap. The undoped films are n-type with measured electron concentrations on the order of 5 x 10(19)-6 x 10(20) cm(-3) with mobilities of 1-10 cm(2)/V . s. DyP/GaAs is stable in air with no apparent oxidation taking place, even after months of exposure to ambient untreated air. Material and surface science properties measured for DyP/GaAs include Hall measurements, 2 theta and double-crystal X-ray diffraction spectra and photothermal deflection spectroscopy. C1 TRW SPACE & TECHNOL GRP,REDONDO BEACH,CA 90278. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,QUANTUM INST,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. USN,CTR WEAP,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. RP Sadwick, LP (reprint author), UNIV UTAH,3280 MEB,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112, USA. RI Brehmer, Daniel/A-2196-2013 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL PY 1996 VL 164 IS 1-4 BP 285 EP 290 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(95)01017-3 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA UY960 UT WOS:A1996UY96000046 ER PT J AU Antonell, MJ Abernathy, CR Gedridge, RW AF Antonell, MJ Abernathy, CR Gedridge, RW TI Tellurium doping of InP using triisopropylindium-diisopropyltellurium (TIPIn-DIPTe) SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Chemical Beam Epitaxy and Related Growth Techniques (ICCBE-5) CY AUG 14-16, 1995 CL UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SAN DIEGO, CA HO UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO AB Triisopropylindium-diisopropyltellurium (TrPIn-DIPTe) has been investigated as an alternative n-type dopant for InP. TIPIn-DIPTe was used to provide n-type doping in InP with electron concentrations as high as 1.4 x 10(20) cm(-3). The Te concentration was found to be linear with TIPIn-DIPTe flux. Increasing V/III ratio was found to decrease Te incorporation. Good electrical activation was obtained for all growth conditions. The Te was found to surface segregate during growth at temperatures above 450 degrees C. However, growth temperatures below 450 degrees C show excellent interfacial abruptness over a range of doping concentrations. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,CHINA LAKE,CA 93555. RP Antonell, MJ (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD JUL PY 1996 VL 164 IS 1-4 BP 420 EP 424 DI 10.1016/0022-0248(95)01020-3 PG 5 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA UY960 UT WOS:A1996UY96000067 ER PT J AU Wall, KD AF Wall, KD TI Artificial intelligence and economic analysis - Ross,S, Rae,R SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION LA English DT Book Review RP Wall, KD (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2681 J9 J ECON BEHAV ORGAN JI J. Econ. Behav. Organ. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 30 IS 1 BP 137 EP 138 DI 10.1016/S0167-2681(97)86971-5 PG 2 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA VZ992 UT WOS:A1996VZ99200010 ER PT J AU Miller, GA DeMayo, T Hutter, JW AF Miller, GA DeMayo, T Hutter, JW TI Production of interleukin-1 by polymorphonuclear leukocytes resident in periradicular tissue SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN PERIAPICAL LESIONS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; ACTIVATING FACTOR; MACROPHAGES; NEUTROPHILS; EXPRESSION; BACTERIA; BETA AB Twenty-one patients undergoing endodontic surgery were identified, Periradicular tissue samples were recovered, and those showing significant numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) infiltration were prepared for immunoperoxidase identification of interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and IL-1 beta-producing cells using specific polyclonal antibodies, In selected tissue specimens, 90% or move of the PMN's were found to stain positively for IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. In addition, significant numbers of plasma cells and tissue histiocytes stained positively for these IL's. Cell suspensions from selected periapical granuloma specimens, as well as from purified peripheral blood PMN's and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were also subjected to IL-1 quantitation using a commercial ELISA procedure, Such cell suspensions were found to produce significant levels of IL and could be stimulated to produce increased levels after coculture with lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that PMN's in inflammatory periradicular tissues may be a significant source of IL-1, and their possible roles in the establishment and resolution of periradicular lesions need to be re-evaluated. C1 USN,SCH DENT,DEPT ENDODONT,BETHESDA,MD 20899. GEOCENTERS INC,FT WASHINGTON,MD 20744. USN,SCH DENT,RES DEPT,BETHESDA,MD 20899. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 22 IS 7 BP 346 EP 351 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80215-9 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UU481 UT WOS:A1996UU48100003 PM 8935058 ER PT J AU Rohde, TR Bramwell, JD Hutter, JW Roahen, JO AF Rohde, TR Bramwell, JD Hutter, JW Roahen, JO TI An in vitro evaluation of microleakage of a new root canal sealer SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-IONOMER CEMENT; GUTTA-PERCHA; LEAKAGE; TISSUE AB An in vitro dye leakage study was performed to compare the apical microleakage of Ketac-Endo root canal sealer with that of Roth's 801E and AN26 sealers. Sixty-four single-rooted human teeth were instrumented and randomly divided into four groups, Three groups were obturated with laterally condensed gutta-percha and either Roth's 801E, AH26, or Ketac-Endo as the sealer, A fourth group was obturated using a single master cone and the Ketac-Endo sealer, The teeth were suspended in 1% methylene blue dye for 6 days, The teeth were then longitudinally sectioned and evaluated for linear apical dye penetration, In general, Ketac-Endo root canal sealer showed greater dye penetration than Roth's 801E and AH26, There was no statistical difference in leakage between the laterally condensed Ketac-Endo group and the single-cone-obturated Ketac-Endo group. C1 USN,SCH DENT,DEPT ENDODONT,BETHESDA,MD 20814. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 22 IS 7 BP 365 EP 368 DI 10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80220-2 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UU481 UT WOS:A1996UU48100008 PM 8935063 ER PT J AU Cyrus, JD AF Cyrus, JD TI A conceptual design methodology for predicting bleed and horsepower requirements of military aircraft engines SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 05-08, 1995 CL HOUSTON, TX AB Conceptual design codes have been developed to provide conceptual design estimates of bleed and horsepower extraction requirements of advanced military aircraft. This paper describes the methodology for the computer codes. The validity of the models was assessed by generating bleed and horsepower estimates for four advanced aircraft configurations not included in the data base and comparing the model estimates to manufacturer's estimates. RP Cyrus, JD (reprint author), USN,AIRCRAFT WARFARE CTR,WARMINSTER,PA 18974, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 481 EP 485 DI 10.1115/1.2816671 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000004 ER PT J AU Masincup, WE Bryan, JS Ochs, LM AF Masincup, WE Bryan, JS Ochs, LM TI Development of an interactive electronic technical manual SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition CY JUN 05-08, 1995 CL HOUSTON, TX AB For a number of years, the Navy has been pursuing a means of reducing or eliminating the amount of paper carried on board ship. In particular, technical manuals consume large amounts of storage space. The paper provides a case study of the development of a gas turbine technical manual into an interactive electronic (computerised) format. This paper presents some of the difficulties of the development process, enhancements that have been developed, software selection, graphics complexity, and hardware definition. In addition, a detailed description of a final product will be provided. C1 AERA,ARLINGTON,VA 22307. RP Masincup, WE (reprint author), USN,SEA SYST COMMAND,AUXILIARY GAS TURBINES DEPOT BRANCH,ARLINGTON,VA 22307, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0742-4795 J9 J ENG GAS TURB POWER JI J. Eng. Gas. Turbines Power-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 632 EP 635 DI 10.1115/1.2816695 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA UZ830 UT WOS:A1996UZ83000027 ER PT J AU Singh, SN Steinberg, M AF Singh, SN Steinberg, M TI Adaptive control of feedback linearizable nonlinear systems with application to flight control SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID AIRCRAFT; DESIGN AB The question of output trajectory control of a class of input-output feedback linearizable nonlinear dynamical systems using state variable feedback in the presence of parameter uncertainty is considered. For the derivation of a control law, a hypersurface is chosen, which is a linear function of the tracking error, its derivatives, and the integral of the tracking error. An adaptive control law is derived such that in the closed-loop system the trajectory asymptotically converges to this hypersurface. For any trajectory evolving on this surface, the tracking error tends to zero. Based on these results, a new approach to the design of an adaptive flight control system Is presented. In the closed-loop system, trajectory control of the sets of output variables roll angle, angle of attack, and sideslip angle (phi, alpha, beta) and roll, pitch, and sideslip angles (phi, theta, beta) using aileron, rudder, and elevator control is presented. Simulation results are obtained to show that precise simultaneous longitudinal and lateral maneuvers can be performed in spite of large uncertainty in the aerodynamic parameters. C1 USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,DIV AIRCRAFT,WARMINSTER,PA 18974. RP Singh, SN (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LAS VEGAS,NV 89154, USA. NR 24 TC 28 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 19 IS 4 BP 871 EP 877 DI 10.2514/3.21712 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA UV695 UT WOS:A1996UV69500018 ER PT J AU Earhart, KC Wallace, MR AF Earhart, KC Wallace, MR TI The changing epidemiology of pneumococcal bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus infection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID PNEUMONIA; DISEASE C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,DIV INFECT DIS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134. RP Earhart, KC (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT CLIN INVEST,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 174 IS 1 BP 242 EP 243 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA UT468 UT WOS:A1996UT46800044 PM 8656007 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Wiesmann, W Kidwell, W Cannon, T Kerns, L Serke, C Delaplaine, T Pranger, A Lee, KP AF Davis, TA Wiesmann, W Kidwell, W Cannon, T Kerns, L Serke, C Delaplaine, T Pranger, A Lee, KP TI Effect of spaceflight on human stem cell hematopoiesis: Suppression of erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis SO JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE weightlessness microgravity; bone marrow cells; anemia; antigen-differentiation; red blood cells ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; FACTOR-ALPHA; PROGENITOR CELLS; IMMUNE CHANGES; SPACE-FLIGHT; BFU-E; GROWTH; MICROENVIRONMENT; MECHANISM; RECEPTORS AB Humans subjected to periods of microgravity develop anemia, thrombocytopenia, and abnormalities in red blood cell structure, The causes of these abnormalities are complex and unclear, The in vitro effects of spaceflight on hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation were investigated during the space shuttle missions STS-63 (Discovery) and STS-69 (Endeavour). CD34(+) bone marrow progenitor cells were cultured in liquid suspension culture and on hematopoietic supportive stromal cells using hollow-fiber culture modules, One set of cultures was maintained at microgravity (flight cultures) for the last 8-10 days of culture and a second control was at full gravity (ground control), Over the 11- to 13-test-day period, ground control culture total cell number increased 41.0- to 65.5-fold but flight culture total cell number increased only 10.1- to 11.6-fold (51-84% decrease), Comparing ground control cultures and microgravity cultures, respectively, for progenitor cell content, myeloid progenitor cell numbers expanded 2.6- to 17.5-fold compared with 0.9- to 7.0-fold and erythroid progenitor cell numbers expanded 2.0- to 4.1-fold in ground control cultures but actually declined at microgravity (> 83% reduction), Moreover, microgravity cultures demonstrated accelerated maturation/differentiation toward the macrophage lineage, These data indicate that spaceflight has a direct effect on hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation and that specific aspects of in vitro hematopoiesis, particularly erythropoiesis, involve gravity-sensitive components. C1 WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT SPACE BIOSCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. CELLCO INC,GERMANTOWN,MD. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), USN,MED RES INST,IMMUNE CELL BIOL PROGRAM,STEM CELL BIOL BRANCH,BLDG 18,ROOM 230,BETHESDA,MD 20889, USA. NR 37 TC 38 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0741-5400 J9 J LEUKOCYTE BIOL JI J. Leukoc. Biol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 60 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Immunology GA UX998 UT WOS:A1996UX99800008 PM 8699125 ER PT J AU Briggs, KB Richardson, MD Young, DK AF Briggs, KB Richardson, MD Young, DK TI The classification and structure of megafaunal assemblages in the Venezuela Basin, Caribbean Sea SO JOURNAL OF MARINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PUERTO-RICO TRENCH; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; NORTHEAST ATLANTIC; LIPID-COMPOSITION; NEW-ENGLAND; SEDIMENTS AB Data from 23 benthic trawls collected from the Venezuela Basin (3411-5062 m water depth) indicate that megafauna are less abundant than in basins of similar depths in the Atlantic and are segregated by sedimentary province. Taxonomic assemblages, in terms of abundance and biomass, from three sites coincide with distinctions of sedimentary characteristics among the pelagic, hemipelagic and turbidite sedimentary provinces. Mollusks, decapods and fishes are most abundant in trawls collected from the pelagic and hemipelagic provinces and anemones and holothurians are most abundant in trawls collected from the turbidite province. Sponges dominate the biomass of fauna in trawls collected in the turbidite and hemipelagic provinces and fishes dominate the biomass of trawls collected in the pelagic province. Several biological and physical aspects of the basin contribute to the segregation of the megafauna into distinct communities. Sponges and anthropogenic debris (coal, coal clinker and tar balls) reaching the sea floor create a habitat that is exploited by sessile suspension feeders requiring a hard substrate. Filter-feeding anemones attached to debris occur in such abundance that it elevates the importance of suspension feeders and depresses species diversity at the turbidite site. Biomass and average size of megafaunal deposit feeders in the basin decrease with decreasing amounts of organic carbon and nitrogen content of the sediment. Distribution and composition of filter-feeding megafaunal biomass in the Venezuela Basin are explained largely by proximity to sources of organic matter. Detrital carbonate may also play a role in controlling distribution and density of megafauna by diluting food resources in the sediments. C1 USN, RES LAB, DIV OCEANOG, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. RP Briggs, KB (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, MARINE GEOSCI DIV, BAY ST LOUIS, MS 39529 USA. NR 68 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU SEARS FOUNDATION MARINE RESEARCH PI NEW HAVEN PA YALE UNIV, KLINE GEOLOGY LAB, 210 WHITNEY AVENUE, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520-8109 USA SN 0022-2402 J9 J MAR RES JI J. Mar. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 705 EP 730 DI 10.1357/0022240963213736 PG 26 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VD501 UT WOS:A1996VD50100005 ER PT J AU Shepherd, SL LaFleur, BJ AF Shepherd, SL LaFleur, BJ TI The increased incidence on Mondays of work-related sprains and strains SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Insurance-industry researchers have shown and increase on Mondays of lost-time sprain and strains said to be work-related, but thought to be fraudulent claims for off-the-job weekend injuries. We examined this issue among civilian employees of the Department of the Navy, using data from claims for injuries occurring between 1989 and 1994. We found that the rate of Monday sprains and strains significantly exceeded the expected rate and that such claims were significantly more likely to be made by claimants who were craftsmen and mechanics, who reported an injury to the back or trunk, who were supervisors, or who did not have college degrees. We estimate that 22% of claims for Monday-occurring sprains and strains are possibly fraudulent and that their cost to the Department of the Navy during the 6 years studied was $38 million. For the entire federal government, costs for such claims during this period may have exceeded $250 million. RP Shepherd, SL (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,MED INFORMAT SYST & OPERAT RES DEPT CODE 22,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 38 IS 7 BP 681 EP 688 DI 10.1097/00043764-199607000-00010 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UX852 UT WOS:A1996UX85200006 PM 8823658 ER PT J AU Jiang, L Garwood, RW AF Jiang, L Garwood, RW TI Three-dimensional simulations of overflows on continental slopes SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID DENMARK STRAIT OVERFLOW; DEEP-WATER; BAROCLINIC INSTABILITY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SLOPING BOTTOM; ROLL WAVES; OCEAN; EDDIES; CURRENTS; EVOLUTION AB Three-dimensional features and instabilities of dense overflows from marginal seas onto continental slopes are investigated using a three-dimensional, primitive equation numerical ocean model. The numerical simulations reveal important instability and three-dimensional features of the overflow plumes that have not been included in previous simulations with a one-dimensional streamtube model and a two-dimensional plume model. It is shown that the large primary plume breaks into a number of smaller subplumes on the offshore side of the plume due to instabilities manifested as growing topographic Rossby waves over the slope. The observed high temporal and spatial variabilities in the Denmark Strait overflow could be caused by the inherent dynamic instabilities as revealed by the numerical simulations. The simulations indicate that the initial overflow velocity and width, the properties of the source water, the planetary rotation, and the slope steepness play major roles in determining the scales of the breaking-away subplumes and the across-slope penetration of the large plume. The model simulations also show that a chain of surface cyclonic eddies form and travel almost parallel to the isobaths toward the right and downstream of the plume source. These eddies provide a surface signature of the sinking, breaking-away subplumes, as a result of vortex stretching in the upper part of the water column above the subplumes. Such surface features may have been observed in satellite IR imagery along the East Greenland continental shelfbreak, and it may be possible to use satellite imagery and further modeling studies to monitor the Denmark Strait overflow, which produces most of the North Atlantic Deep Water. RP Jiang, L (reprint author), USN, POSTGRAD SCH, DEPT OCEANOG, MONTEREY, CA 93943 USA. NR 36 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 26 IS 7 BP 1214 EP 1233 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1996)026<1214:TDSOOO>2.0.CO;2 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VB317 UT WOS:A1996VB31700007 ER PT J AU Hwang, PA Atakturk, S Sletten, MA Trizna, DB AF Hwang, PA Atakturk, S Sletten, MA Trizna, DB TI A study of the wavenumber spectra of short water waves in the ocean SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL WAVES; GRAVITY-WAVES; SEA-SURFACE; WIND-WAVES; RADAR; SLOPE; LASER; SCATTERING; MODULATION; BREAKING AB Spatial measurements of capillary-gravity waves in the ocean were obtained using a scanning slope sensor mounted on a free-drifting buoy intended to minimize the flow disturbance. The data provide direct calculation of the wavenumber spectra of surface curvature in the capillary-gravity wave range. The results indicate that 1) a pronounced peak at the wavenumber k = 9 rad cm(-1) is evident in the curvature spectra for wind speeds below 6 m s(-1); 2) the slopes of the curvature spectra are 1 and -1 on the two sides of the spectral peak; 3) the spectral density and mean-square roughness properties increase linearly with wind speed; and 4) these observations suggest a spectral function of the form chi(k) = Au*c(-2)c(m)k(m)k(-4), which is proportional to u*k(-3) in the short gravity wave region and u*k(-5) in the capillary wave region, where u* is the wind friction velocity, c(m) the minimum phase velocity of surface waves, and k(m) the corresponding wavenumber. Capillary-gravity wave wavenumber spectra obtained from the ocean and from laboratory studies are compared. It is found that significant differences in many important features of short-wave properties exist in the datasets from these two different environments. A possible reason for the observed differences is attributed to the fluctuation component of the wind field, which is typically a significant fraction of the mean wind speed in the open ocean but much smaller in the laboratory. The steady wind in the laboratory produces a surface boundary condition very different from that in the field. This is reflected in the observation that a spectral gap in the vicinity of the minimum phase velocity (an indication of wave blockage by steady surface drift current) was found in the laboratory measurements but not in the field data. As a consequence, the small-scale structures observed in the laboratory and in the field are significantly different. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV OCEANOG,BAY ST LOUIS,MS. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98195. USN,RES LAB,REMOTE SENSING DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 45 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 26 IS 7 BP 1266 EP 1285 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1996)026<1266:ASOTWS>2.0.CO;2 PG 20 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA VB317 UT WOS:A1996VB31700010 ER PT J AU Li, CP Kailasanath, K Oran, ES AF Li, CP Kailasanath, K Oran, ES TI Stability of projectiles in thermally choked ram accelerators SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER LA English DT Article RP Li, CP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPUTAT PHYS & FLUID DYNAM LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0748-4658 J9 J PROPUL POWER JI J. Propul. Power PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 807 EP 809 DI 10.2514/3.24105 PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA UX580 UT WOS:A1996UX58000024 ER PT J AU OBoyle, JD Heslinger, KA HierDuffin, SL AF OBoyle, JD Heslinger, KA HierDuffin, SL TI Pseudomonas aeruginosa as an unusual cause of intraamniotic infection, fulminant neonatal sepsis and neonatal death - A case report SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Pseudomonas aeruginosa; chorioamnionitis; neonatal mortality ID INTRA-AMNIOTIC INFECTION AB BACKGROUND: Intraamniotic infection may be caused by a wide variety of microorganisms. Significant maternal and neonatal morbidity have been associated with both subclinical and clinical infection. CASE: We identified a case in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated as the cause of intraamniotic infection, fulminant neonatal sepsis and neonatal death. CONCLUSION: Though P aeruginosa is an unusual cause of intraamniotic infection, it is important because of its high virulence. RP OBoyle, JD (reprint author), USN,MED CTR,DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92134, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 41 IS 7 BP 534 EP 536 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA VA920 UT WOS:A1996VA92000013 PM 8829068 ER PT J AU Ma, YS AF Ma, YS TI Analytical study of a disk-type torsional shear-wave radiator immersed in an elastic medium SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Based on the previous design of a low-frequency, torsional shear-wave transducer [A. K. Walden and T. R. Howarth, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 2463(A) (1992)], an analytical model is proposed to predict its acoustic responses. The torsional radiation impedance as well as the propagation of the displacement field, produced by an SH-wave source of this type, in an elastic medium are investigated using proper boundary conditions. Computed results of the torsional radiation impedance and the radiation patterns are presented for a disk-type transducer placed in an elastic medium that may have various shear stress distributions at the contact plane. Radiated displacements in the near and far field of the transducer are studied in detail. Acoustic responses reveal that the use of SH-wave energy for an in-depth shear wave exploration is quite possible. These results are also useful for the design of an optimal shear-wave transducer in ocean geoacoustics as well as in an increasing number of other applications using shear-wave energy. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USN,RES LAB,UNDERWATER SOUND REFERENCE DETACHMENT,ORLANDO,FL 32856. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 108 EP 119 DI 10.1121/1.415919 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400012 ER PT J AU Larraza, A Coleman, WF AF Larraza, A Coleman, WF TI Solitons, pulse splitting, and AM-FM conversion in cylindrical ducts SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB For propagation above cutoff in an acoustic duct, the dispersion is positive and weakly nonlinear effects are of two kinds. When the wavelength decreases with amplitude, a localized envelope propagates without spreading or distortion and the resultant final state is a soliton. Sloshing modes in a cylindrical duct of finite eccentricity belong to this class. When the wavelength increases with amplitude, a localized envelope splits into two disturbances moving with two different velocities of propagation. As a consequence, if a signal is amplitude modulated at the source, spatial beating between the two disturbances will occur, and at periodic positions in space the signal will become frequency modulated. Axially symmetric cross modes in a cylindrical duct of circular cross section belong to this class. A quantitative analysis of the results of the theory is presented along with its experimental consequences. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. RP Larraza, A (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,CODE PH-LA,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 139 EP 147 DI 10.1121/1.415949 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400015 ER PT J AU Collins, MD Cederberg, RJ King, DB ChinBing, SA AF Collins, MD Cederberg, RJ King, DB ChinBing, SA TI Comparison of algorithms for solving parabolic wave equations SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID PROPAGATION; BOTTOM; OCEAN AB The three types of algorithms that have been developed for solving parabolic wave equations are compared. Until recently, it was necessary to choose between the finite-difference and split-step Fourier algorithms and make a trade-off between efficiency and capability. Test problems are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the split-step Padi algorithm, which provides the capability of the finite-difference algorithm. For deep water problems, the split-step Pade algorithm provides efficiency comparable to the split-step Fourier algorithm. For the shallow water problems that are currently of interest, the split-step Pade algorithm can be more than an order of magnitude faster than the split-step Fourier algorithm. C1 USN,RES LAB,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Collins, MD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 27 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 178 EP 182 DI 10.1121/1.415921 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400018 ER PT J AU Jin, GL Lynch, JF Chiu, CS Miller, JH AF Jin, GL Lynch, JF Chiu, CS Miller, JH TI Theoretical and simulation study of acoustic normal mode coupling effects due to the Barents Sea polar front, with applications to acoustic tomography and matched-field processing SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article AB Normal mode coupling due to a shallow water coastal front is considered, using oceanographic data from the 1992 Parents Sea Polar Front (BSPF) experiment as input to normal mode and parabolic equation (PE) acoustic propagation models. Criteria for the sensitivity of mode coupling to coastal front widths are derived, and applied to the BSPF as a representative example. The effects of coastal fronts on tomographic schemes are considered, particularly in terms of travel time-based tomography. The effects of frontal mode coupling on matched-held processing schemes are also considered, using both the maximum likelihood and variable coefficient likelihood methods, which show differing sensitivities to mismatch. Finally, directions for future research are discussed. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. SHANGHAI ACOUST LAB,SHANGHAI 200032,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Jin, GL (reprint author), WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 193 EP 205 DI 10.1121/1.415918 PG 13 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400020 ER PT J AU McDonald, BE AF McDonald, BE TI Bathymetric and volumetric contributions to ocean acoustic mode coupling SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER; PROPAGATION; SOUND AB Ocean acoustic mode coupling matrix elements are investigated assuming weak range dependence in both the sound-speed profile and bathymetry. The range-dependent environmental variables are taken as known, and explicit integral expressions for the matrix elements are derived. The expressions contain separate volumetric and bathymetric terms arising from range dependence in the water column and bathymetry, respectively. The bathymetric terms lead to an algebraic connection between rates of modal ray curvature (horizontal refraction) due to bathymetry and energy loss rate due to bottom absorption. Theoretical evidence that a signal refracted by shallow bathymetry may show decreasing bottom absorption with increasing mode number is presented. RP McDonald, BE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1121/1.415951 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400022 ER PT J AU Harrison, BF Vaccaro, RJ Tufts, DW AF Harrison, BF Vaccaro, RJ Tufts, DW TI Robust source localization in an acoustic waveguide SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DEPTH ESTIMATION; SHALLOW-WATER; CHANNEL AB Matched-field source localization methods attempt to estimate the range and depth of a source in an acoustic waveguide. These methods give good results when the waveguide parameters are known precisely; however, matched-field methods have been shown to be very sensitive to model mismatch resulting from errors in the assumed environmental parameters. Described in this paper is an approach which minimizes model mismatch, caused by uncertainty in the sound velocity profile, by jointly estimating the environmental parameters and source location. An efficient way to initialize the maximum-likelihood search by projecting the received data onto subspaces corresponding to regions in parameter space is proposed. Monte Carlo simulation results in a shallow-water environment are reported. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 UNIV RHODE ISL,DEPT ELECT ENGN,KINGSTON,RI 02881. RP Harrison, BF (reprint author), USN,UNDERSEA WARFARE CTR,NEWPORT,RI 02841, USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 384 EP 391 DI 10.1121/1.415957 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400041 ER PT J AU Verrillo, RT Bolanowski, SJ Baran, F Smith, PF AF Verrillo, RT Bolanowski, SJ Baran, F Smith, PF TI Effects of underwater environmental conditions on vibrotactile thresholds SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PROBE ANALYSIS; HUMAN-SKIN AB The effects of low-frequency, water-borne vibration upon the cutaneous surface of swimmers and divers are virtually unknown. It has been reported that divers can ''feel'' underwater sounds on various parts of their bodies. The current experiments were conducted in two parts as initial investigations of these reports. The first experiments were to determine if changes in barometric pressure and breathing mixture have an effect on vibrotactile thresholds measured in air. Vibrotactile thresholds at the thenar eminence were measured on eight divers during two saturation dives in a dry hyperbaric chamber. Measurements were made on four subjects before and after a 6-day saturation dive that simulated an excursion to 300 feet of seawater (fsw). Measurements on another four subjects were made at 1 atmosphere absolute (ATA) before and after an 8-day simulated 300-fsw dive, and at 5, 7, and 10.1 ATA (300 fsw). The gas mixture in which the divers lived was varied according to standard procedures to prevent adverse body reactions during compression and decompression. Vibrotactile thresholds were measured by standard psychophysical methods at 1, 10, 100, and 250 Hz. Results suggest that neither increased atmospheric pressure nor breathing gas had any effect on vibrotactile thresholds within any of the four mechanoreceptor channels that innervate normal skin. The second set of experiments was performed to assess the effect of complete seawater hydration of the skin upon vibrotactile threshold sensitivity measured at the thenar eminence and the volar surface of the forearm. In-air thresholds of three subjects were measured by standard psychophysical methods at 1, 10, 100, and 250 Hz. The measurements were repeated underwater after the forearm and hand were submerged for 20 min in a seawater solution. With the exception of 1 Hz, no statistically significant changes were found at either site when compared to threshold measured in air. At 1 Hz there appears to be an increase in sensitivity of approximately 3 dB when the skin is hydrated with seawater. (C) 1996 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USN,SUBMARINE MED RES LAB,SUBMARINE BASE NEW LONDON,GROTON,CT 06349. RP Verrillo, RT (reprint author), SYRACUSE UNIV,INST SENSORY RES,SYRACUSE,NY 13244, USA. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 100 IS 1 BP 651 EP 658 DI 10.1121/1.416199 PG 8 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA UW514 UT WOS:A1996UW51400066 ER PT J AU Creamer, G AF Creamer, G TI Spacecraft attitude determination using gyros and quaternion measurements SO JOURNAL OF THE ASTRONAUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VECTOR OBSERVATIONS AB Five separate Kalman filter formulations are developed in this paper for determining spacecraft attitude using standard rare gyros and sensors which output three-axis attitude measurements. All five formulations estimate a six-state vector composed of three error quaternion states and three gyro bias states. Two of the filters presented are derivatives of previous formulations which were originally developed using standard star tracker vector measurements. These two filters are coupled through the state equations, requiring the solution of Is Kalman gains. The other three filters utilize assumptions on body rates to uncouple the state equations, requiring the solution of only 6 Kalman gains. Additionally, four of the filters lend themselves to simple steady-state solutions. The last filter represents a novel hybrid formulation which is designed to take advantage of the computational ease of the steady-state filters while maintaining the convergence speed of the time-varying filters. A nadir-pointing spacecraft in an elliptical orbit is used as an example to exercise each of the filters and compare their responses. Each filter results in essentially identical estimates even though the level of computational effort is quite different. RP Creamer, G (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CONTROL SYST BRANCH,CODE 8230,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 10 TC 22 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SPRINGFIELD PA 6352 ROLLING MILL PLACE SUITE 102, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152 SN 0021-9142 J9 J ASTRONAUT SCI JI J. Astronaut. Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 44 IS 3 BP 357 EP 371 PG 15 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA WG114 UT WOS:A1996WG11400004 ER PT J AU Waytena, GL Hoff, HA Ma, DI Isaacson, IP Rebbert, ML Marrian, C Suehle, JS AF Waytena, GL Hoff, HA Ma, DI Isaacson, IP Rebbert, ML Marrian, C Suehle, JS TI The use of a double mask system to prevent Ti diffusion from a Ti/Pt/Au ohmic contact on diamond SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SCHOTTKY AB Ohmic contacts on diamond were fabricated using a Ti/Pt/Au metallization scheme and two transmission line model masks. The double mask system is used to isolate the Ti by surrounding it with Pt. Pt is expected to prevent Ti diffusion either to the contact surface or along the diamond surface during annealing. In this study we found that this system of masks was successful in preventing the Ti diffusion as revealed by Auger analysis on the diamond and contact surfaces. An Auger depth profile revealed that the Ti was confined to the diamond/contact interfacial region, and was most likely combined with Pt. C1 USN, RES LAB, NANOELECT PROC FACIL, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP Waytena, GL (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 143 IS 7 BP 2392 EP 2395 DI 10.1149/1.1837013 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA UY445 UT WOS:A1996UY44500062 ER PT J AU Bangs, MJ Purnomo AF Bangs, MJ Purnomo TI Babesia thylacis (Apicomplexa: Babesiidae) in a northern quoll, Dasyurus hallucatus (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae), from Western Australia SO JOURNAL OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Apicomplexa; Sporozoea; Piroplasmida; Babesiidae; Babesia thylacis; Dasyurus hallucatus; northern quoll; Marsupialia; Dasyuridae; Western Australia AB Babesia thylacis Mackerras, 1959, is provisionally identified and described from a stained blood smear obtained from a female northern quoll, Dasyurus hallucatus (Gould, 1842), captured on the Mitchell Plateau, Kimberley, Western Australia. This represents the third known natural host of this parasite and the first published account of its presence in Western Australia. Babesia thylacis has so far been found only in small carnivorous or insectivorous marsupials from Australia. Parasite morphology is characteristically pleomorphic, ranging from small amoeboid organisms to fully grown, pyriform protozoans, either single or paired, 2-4 by 1-1.5 mu m. In most cases, mature parasites contain a prominent vacuole with a rounded nucleus either centrally or terminally located. Nuclear material that was elongated and stretched out along the periphery of some organisms was not uncommon. Infected red blood cells commonly contained only 1 parasite and occasionally paired merozoites. RP Bangs, MJ (reprint author), USN,MED RES UNIT 2,BOX 3,APO,AP 96520, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 1049-233X J9 J HELMINTHOL SOC W JI J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 63 IS 2 BP 266 EP 268 PG 3 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA UX637 UT WOS:A1996UX63700019 ER PT J AU Pasternack, L Fleming, JW Owrutsky, JC AF Pasternack, L Fleming, JW Owrutsky, JC TI Optically seeded stimulated Raman scattering of aqueous sulfate microdroplets SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MICROMETER-SIZE DROPLETS; WATER; SUPPRESSION; PARTICLES; SURFACES; EMISSION AB Optically seeded, stimulated Raman scattering is demonstrated for 25-mu m-radius water droplets containing sulfate. Frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser-excited Stokes radiation from the 3450-cm(-1) O-H-stretching vibration of water provides the seed for morphology-dependent stimulated Raman scattering from the vl vibration of sulfate that is excited by a dye laser. Seeding enhances the otherwise weaker signal for low concentrations of the anion, thereby reducing the solute detection limit, by a method that does not require changing of the droplet composition. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America RP Pasternack, L (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 611,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Owrutsky, Jeffrey/K-7649-2012 NR 27 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1510 EP 1516 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.13.001510 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA UY475 UT WOS:A1996UY47500023 ER PT J AU Bermudez, VM AF Bermudez, VM TI Simple, efficient technique for exposing surfaces to hydrogen atoms SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A-VACUUM SURFACES AND FILMS LA English DT Article ID ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; SI SURFACES; BEAM; MECHANISMS; EPITAXY; FILM AB A device is described for the efficient generation of H atoms by thermal dissociation of H-2. Hydrogen molecules exit a small hole in the wall of a Mo tube (with a solid end cap) and strike a hot W foil held at similar to 45 degrees to the flux. The sample is positioned to intercept the H-atom flux leaving the foil. The technique is demonstrated by exposing a Si (100)-(2x1) surface to the H-atom flux and the efficiency for producing the H-induced (2x1)-->(1x1) conversion compared with that of the conventional approach using a W filament and a random H-2 flux. RP Bermudez, VM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A-Vac. Surf. Films PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 2671 EP 2673 DI 10.1116/1.580001 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VA964 UT WOS:A1996VA96400108 ER PT J AU Pickett, WE Singh, DJ AF Pickett, WE Singh, DJ TI Electronic magnetic and structural coupling in colossal magnetoresistive (La,Ca)MnO3 SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES; GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; BAND THEORY; FILMS; CO AB The local spin density approximation (LSDA) is used to investigate the interrelationships between electronic properties, magnetism, structure, and transport in La1-xCaxMnO3. The LSDA is shown to provide a realistic description of the endpoint compounds, including magnetic and structural symmetry. Mn-O hybridization is strong and spin dependent. Supercell calculations for x = 1/4 and x = 1/3 yield ferromagnetic configurations. Strong local La-Ca cation effects are found, which lead to localization of the low density of minority spin carriers in this regime. Implications of this effectively half-metallic electronic structure are discussed. RP Pickett, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3136 EP 3139 DI 10.1116/1.589076 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100118 ER PT J AU Nordstrom, L Singh, DJ AF Nordstrom, L Singh, DJ TI Theoretical investigation of structural instabilities of Fe layers on face-centered-cubic Cu SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID CU(100); FILMS; IRON; FE/CU(100) AB Calculations of structural stabilities for thin iron layers as grown on Cu(001) are reported. It is found that a free-standing fcc(001) monolayer is unstable with respect to 3x1 and 4x1 distortions. The former instability is directly related to the Pitsch transformation from fcc(001) to bcc(110), and calculations along the path find bcc(110) as the stable structure. Inclusion of the Cu substrate in the calculation tends to stabilize fcc(001). The calculated instabilities are of similar form to the superstructures observed for Fe grown on Cu(001). The relation to the experimental situation is discussed. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Nordstrom, L (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,INST COMPUTAT SCI & INFORMAT,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3160 EP 3163 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100122 ER PT J AU Kneedler, E Thibado, PM Jonker, BT Bennett, BR Shanabrook, BV Wagner, RJ Whitman, LJ AF Kneedler, E Thibado, PM Jonker, BT Bennett, BR Shanabrook, BV Wagner, RJ Whitman, LJ TI Epitaxial growth, structure, and composition of fe films on GaAs(001)-2x4 SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID HIGH-ENERGY AUGER; PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; INTERFACE; GAAS AB The structure and composition of Fe films grown on As-terminated GaAs(001)-2x4 surfaces at 175 degrees C has been studied in situ with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), photoelectron diffraction (FED), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The GaAs surfaces were prepared by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and exhibited large atomically well-ordered terraces. We find that the 2x4 reconstruction has a significant impact on the Fe nucleation and growth, with initial nucleation occurring at As-dimer sites. STM reveals that the first half-monolayer of Fe forms small two-dimensional islands along the As-dimer rows before growing onto the adjacent Ga-rich rows, with no evidence of substrate disruption. FED indicates that the growth is predominantly layer by layer, with the growth front for the nth deposited layer limited to the (n+1)th layer. XPS spectra show that the Fe films include a concentration gradient of Ga and As out-diffused from the interface, with some of the As segregating to the Fe surface, similar to previous results obtained for growth on non-MBE prepared GaAs surfaces. Possible mechanisms for the film growth and the origins of the intermixing are discussed. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. RP Kneedler, E (reprint author), USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008; Whitman, Lloyd/G-9320-2011 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213; Whitman, Lloyd/0000-0002-3117-1174 NR 13 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 3 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3193 EP 3198 DI 10.1116/1.588806 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100128 ER PT J AU Kemner, KM Elam, WT Harris, VG Idzerda, YU Wolf, JA AF Kemner, KM Elam, WT Harris, VG Idzerda, YU Wolf, JA TI Distinguishing the close-packed hexagonal and face centered cubic phases of the metallization of diamond by polarization-dependent extended x-ray absorption fine structure SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st AVS Topical Conference on Magnetic Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanostructures CY OCT 16-20, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP USN, Off Naval Res, Amer Vacuum Soc ID COBALT FILMS; GROWTH; CO AB Polarization-dependent extended x-ray absorption fine structure (PD-EXAFS) measurements have been made on a single-crystal 1000-Angstrom-thick Co film deposited on (100) diamond. By comparing the EXAFS signals corresponding to the in-plane and out-of-plane structure relative to the film plane, we clearly determine that the film does establish the face centered cubic (fcc) phase. Distinguishing between the hcp and fcc phases can thus be performed by qualitatively noting the polarization dependence of the Fourier transform peak amplitudes corresponding to the third and fourth coordination shells. This EXAFS study shows that the Co film studied here is unambiguously in the fcc phase. The Fourier transform peaks corresponding to the first nearest neighbors, parallel and perpendicular to the film, have been compared. Results indicate less than a 0.0075 Angstrom difference between in-plane and out-of-plane bondlengths, no significant change in coordination number and less than a 0.001 Angstrom(2) difference in EXAFS Debye-Waller factors. All of these results indicate no tetragonal distortion of the fcc Co crystal lattice. This technique should prove valuable in future studies when trying to determine the crystallinity of thin films. (C) 1996 American Vacuum Society. RP Kemner, KM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Harris, Vincent/A-8337-2009 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 3207 EP 3209 DI 10.1116/1.588809 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA VD931 UT WOS:A1996VD93100131 ER PT J AU Hambric, SA AF Hambric, SA TI Sensitivity calculations for broad-band acoustic radiated noise design optimization problems SO JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article RP Hambric, SA (reprint author), NSWC,CARDEROCK DIV,COMPUTAT MECH OFF CODE 204,BETHESDA,MD, USA. NR 2 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1048-9002 J9 J VIB ACOUST JI J. Vib. Acoust.-Trans. ASME PD JUL PY 1996 VL 118 IS 3 BP 529 EP 532 DI 10.1115/1.2888219 PG 4 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA UZ743 UT WOS:A1996UZ74300039 ER PT J AU Fontanella, JJ Edmondson, CA Wintersgill, MC Wu, Y Greenbaum, SG AF Fontanella, JJ Edmondson, CA Wintersgill, MC Wu, Y Greenbaum, SG TI High-pressure electrical conductivity and NMR studies in variable equivalent weight NAFION membranes SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID PERFLUOROSULFONATE IONOMER MEMBRANES; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; AC-IMPEDANCE; WATER; ELECTROLYTES; TRANSPORT; DIFFUSION AB Measurements of the electrical conductivity and proton and fluorine-19 MMR spin-lattice relaxation times (T-1) in acid form NAFION 105, 117, and 120 conditioned at various levels of relative humidity have been carried out. Complex impedance studies were made along the plane of the polymer film at frequencies from 10 to 10(8) Hz at room temperature and pressures up to 0.3 GPa. The NMR measurements were made at room temperature and pressures up to 0.25 GPa. Both types of measurement were also carried out on various concentrations of sulfuric acid in water. The electrical conductivity decreases with increasing pressure for low water content acid solutions and low water content NAFION samples. This behavior (positive activation volumes) is that expected for ''normal'' liquids and for ions in polymers where the motion of the ions is determined by the host, matrix. However, for high water contents, the reverse is true. The electrical conductivity increases with increasing pressure which gives rise to a negative activation volume. The results show that at high water contents, the electrical conductivity mechanism in NAFION is essentially identical to that for a dilute acid where the transport is controlled by the aqueous component. The activation volumes extracted from the proton NMR T-1 data are in qualitative agreement with those obtained from the electrical conductivity measurements at intermediate and low water contents, suggesting that motion of the sulfonic acid-terminated pendant chains contributes to the conduction mechanism at low water contents. C1 CUNY HUNTER COLL,DEPT PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RP Fontanella, JJ (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT PHYS,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 36 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 29 IS 14 BP 4944 EP 4951 DI 10.1021/ma9600926 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UY489 UT WOS:A1996UY48900019 ER PT J AU Roach, JA AF Roach, JA TI Sunken warships and military aircraft SO MARINE POLICY LA English DT Article AB Sunken warships, naval auxiliaries and other vessels owned or operated by a State and used at the time they sank only on government non-commercial service, and sunken aircraft used in military, customs and police services are historical artifacts of special importance and entitled to special protections. In particular, title to such vessels and aircraft is not lost by the mere passage of time. Title is lost only by capture or surrender during battle (before sinking), by international agreement, or by an express act of abandonment, gift or sale by the sovereign in accordance with relevant principles of international law and the law of the flag State governing the abandonment of government property. Further, these ships and aircraft may be the last resting places of many sailors and airmen who died in service. A coastal State does not acquire any right of ownership to a sunken state vessel or aircraft by reason of its being located on or embedded in land or the sea-bed over which it exercises sovereignty or jurisdiction. Access to such vessels and aircraft and their associated artifacts located on or embedded in the sea-bed of foreign archipelagic waters, territorial seas or contiguous zones, is subject to coastal State control in accordance with international law. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USN,WASHINGTON,DC 20350. US DEPT STATE,OFF LEGAL ADVISOR,WASHINGTON,DC 20520. NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0308-597X J9 MAR POLICY JI Mar. Pol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 20 IS 4 BP 351 EP 354 PG 4 WC Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA VC895 UT WOS:A1996VC89500009 ER PT J AU Galarneau, MR Wilcox, WW AF Galarneau, MR Wilcox, WW TI A system for tracking patients at forward medical treatment facilities SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB A computerized, prototype patient tracking system, designed for a forward medical treatment facility (MTF), was developed and tested. The system, named MEDTRAK, was tested in a side-by-side comparative evaluation with the current manual method of patient tracking, Results of the evaluation showed that the MEDTRAK system admitted, identified, and tracked patients within the MTF significantly more accurately than did the current manual system, Furthermore, the types of tracking errors produced by the manual system were found to be more detrimental to both the effective operation of the MTF and to the discharge of theater evacuation policy than were those produced by the MEDTRAK system. In addition to improved patient accountability, the MEDTRAK system reduced the administrative burden that patient tracking placed on medical personnel, thereby allowing them to perform clinical duties. RP Galarneau, MR (reprint author), USN,HLTH RES CTR,POB 85122,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 161 IS 7 BP 369 EP 374 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW855 UT WOS:A1996UW85500002 PM 8754708 ER PT J AU Meyer, DM Simecek, JW Stone, ME Alexander, DCC AF Meyer, DM Simecek, JW Stone, ME Alexander, DCC TI The evaluation of a managed dental delivery concept SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION; NEEDS AB Phased dentistry (PD) is a philosophy of managed oral health care that emphasizes an orderly approach to dental risk assessment, prevention, and disease management, PD is divided into two stages, Phase 1 (PH1) care is intended to eliminate all conditions that may produce a dental emergency within 12 months, PH1 care is directed primarily to recruits and apprentice training students, Phase 2 (PH2) care strives to attain and maintain optimal oral health for Navy and Marine Corps personnel after their initial training period and throughout their military career, The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of introducing PH1 into a recruit dental treatment facility, Data were obtained at Naval Dental Center (NDC), Orlando from 4,571 recruit dental patients who were in-processed and completed recruit training between May 27 and October 1, 1993, The incoming operational dental readiness (ODR) of recruits during the PD trial was 28.5%, whereas the ODR of graduating recruits was 85.8%, During this same period there was a 34% increase in completed dental treatments per provider full time equivalent, Although dramatic increases in ODR and productivity were noticed during PD, other variables may have contributed to these results. RP Meyer, DM (reprint author), USN,INST DENT RES,DEPT CLIN INVEST,BLDG 1-H,2701 SHERIDAN RD,GREAT LAKES,IL 60088, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 161 IS 7 BP 401 EP 406 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UW855 UT WOS:A1996UW85500007 PM 8754713 ER PT J AU Gordis, JH AF Gordis, JH TI On the analytic disassembly of structural matrices SO MODAL ANALYSIS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article AB The analytical disassembly of global stiffness and mass matrices is examined. The conditions necessary for the unique disassembly of structural matrices are identified. The unique disassembly of global stiffness matrices is shown to be possible for restricted structure topologies. The disassembly takes the form of a transformation which renders the global matrix block-diagonal, where each block represents an exact reduced element matrix. It is shown that it is not possible to uniquely disassemble a global mass matrix. Graph-theoretic concepts are used to interpret the disassembly transformation matrices. The disassembly of structural matrices has applications in system identification and damage detection. RP Gordis, JH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL STREET, BETHEL, CT 06801 SN 1066-0763 J9 MODAL ANAL JI Modal Anal.-Int. J. Analyt. Exp. Modal Anal. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 1-2 BP 39 EP 48 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA VD909 UT WOS:A1996VD90900004 ER PT J AU Gordis, JH AF Gordis, JH TI Omitted coordinate systems and artificial constraints in spatially incomplete identification SO MODAL ANALYSIS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article AB A mode-complete frequency domain theory for structural identification is used to examine fundamental issues in spatially incomplete error localization and identification. It is shown that with respect to the identification process, the spatially incomplete FRF model measured in a test is equivalent to the model which results from dynamically reducing an infinite dimensional dynamic system. Moreover, it is shown that the secondary dynamic system associated with a dynamically reduced model (defined by fully constraining all retained or measured coordinates), plays a critical and unavoidable role in identification. It is shown that, with respect to the identification calculation, the structure under test ''appears'' to be constrained to ground at all the measured coordinates, and that the eigenvalue spectrum of the secondary dynamic system imposes frequency dependencies (singularities) on the model errors to be identified. The frequency domain theory makes possible the identification of the secondary system spectrum which provides potentially useful information about the ''computationally constrained'' structure under test. These phenomena are demonstrated with actual test data from a simple structure. RP Gordis, JH (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT MECH ENGN,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL STREET, BETHEL, CT 06801 SN 1066-0763 J9 MODAL ANAL JI Modal Anal.-Int. J. Analyt. Exp. Modal Anal. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 1-2 BP 83 EP 95 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA VD909 UT WOS:A1996VD90900009 ER PT J AU Pickett, WE Feldman, JL Deppe, J AF Pickett, WE Feldman, JL Deppe, J TI Thermal transport across boundaries in diamond structure materials SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID OSCILLATORY SYSTEMS; ENERGY-TRANSPORT; CONDUCTIVITY; SILICON; FILMS; DYNAMICS; PHASES AB Previous measurements of the thermal conductivity kappa of chemical vapour deposition diamond films show values of kappa near, or even exceeding, that of natural diamond in spite of the polycrystalline nature of the films. These data have led us to consider whether there can be a 'resonant' transfer of energy between identical crystallites separated by a material with different vibrational properties. We consider here a model of energy transfer between diamond-structure crystallites (Stillinger-Weber silicon) separated by a barrier region in which the mass is altered. We find that, for a pulse of energy deposited in one crystallite, there can be an efficient transfer of energy through the barrier region and subsequent build-up in a neighbouring crystallite if the vibrational spectrum of the barrier region is harder than that of the crystallites. If the vibrational spectrum of the barrier material is softer, the energy accumulation in the barrier region is at least as rapid as in the neighbouring crystallite and energy is retained longer in the region where it was deposited. The microscopic reasons behind this behaviour are discussed, and we conclude that the transmission probability between neighbouring crystallites leads to a more physical interpretation than a resonant transfer between next-neighbour crystallites. RP Pickett, WE (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 4 IS 4 BP 409 EP 419 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/4/4/006 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VQ556 UT WOS:A1996VQ55600006 ER PT J AU Elsberry, RL Jeffries, RA AF Elsberry, RL Jeffries, RA TI Vertical wind shear influences on tropical cyclone formation and intensification during TCM-92 and TCM-93 SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article AB Vertical wind shears between 200 and 850 mb are calculated from operational analyses and special interactive analyses for Tropical Storm Steve during the Tropical Cyclone Motion (TCM-93) field experiment and for Typhoon Omar at the end of the TCM-92 experiment. The operational Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) analyses have strong 200-mb winds crossing over the intensifying storms, which leads to vertical wind shears exceeding the 12.5 m s(-1) threshold value believed to prevent tropical cyclone intensification. Interactive analyses are produced with the multiquadric interpolation technique that blends composited cloud-drift winds and aircraft reports between 1800 and 0000 UTC and between 0600 and 1200 UTC, sets of synthetic observations to represent missing or mislocated tropical circulations, and the FNMOC analyses that are used as a first-guess field. These interactive analyses indicate that the high winds at 200 mb associated with low-latitude circulations such as monsoon depressions or other tropical cyclones that appear to be impinging on Steve and Omar are actually deflected around the convective outflows. Vertical wind shears calculated from the interactive analyses are well below the threshold vertical wind shear value, which is consistent with the observed intensification of Steve and Omar. In seven of the nine Steve analyses, the insertion of the composite observations alone resulted in deflected flow around convective outflow, so that the reduced shears are not an artifact of synthetic observation insertions. It is hypothesized that the large vertical wind shears associated with the low-latitude circulations may actually be concentrated in a shallow layer that may be opposed and deflected by a similar shallow layer of convective outflow above developing and intensifying tropical cyclones. In that case, an understanding of the role of vertical wind shear and prediction of tropical cyclone intensification may require special analyses of the type developed following the TCM-93 experiment. RP Elsberry, RL (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT METEOROL,589 DYER RD,ROOM 254,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 15 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 124 IS 7 BP 1374 EP 1387 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<1374:VWSIOT>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UX914 UT WOS:A1996UX91400003 ER PT J AU Shi, JJ Chang, S Raman, S AF Shi, JJ Chang, S Raman, S TI Impact of assimilations of dropwindsonde data and SSM/I rain rates on numerical predictions of Hurricane Florence (1988) SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; MODEL; INITIALIZATION; SCHEME; WINDS AB Numerical experiments were conducted to assess the impact of Omega dropwindsonde (ODW) data and Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) rain rates in the analysis and prediction of Hurricane Florence (1988). The ODW data were used to enhance the initial analysis that was based on the National Meteorological Center/Regional Analysis and Forecast System (NMC/RAFS) 2.5 degrees analysis at 0000 UTC 9 September 1988. The SSM/I rain rates at 0000 and 1200 UTC 9 September 1988 were assimilated into the Naval Research Laboratory's limited-area model during model integration. Results show that the numerical prediction with the ODW-enhanced initial analysis was superior to the control without ODW data. The 24-h intensity forecast error is reduced by about 75%, landfall location by about 95% (reduced from 294 to 15 km), and landfall time by about 5 h (from 9 to 4 h) when the ODW data were included. Results also reveal that the assimilation of SSM/I-retrieved rain rates reduce the critical landfall location forecast error by about 43% (from 294 to 169 km) and the landfall time forecast error by about 7 h (from 9 to 2 h) when the NMC/RAFS 2.5 degrees initial analysis was not enhanced by the ODW data. The assimilation of SSM/I rain rates further improved the forecast error of the landfall time by 4 h (from 4 to 0 h) when the ODW data were used. This study concludes that numerical predictions of tropical cyclone can benefit from assimilations of ODW data and SSM/I-retrieved rain rates. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. USN,RES LAB,MONTEREY,CA. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MARINE EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27695. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 124 IS 7 BP 1435 EP 1448 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<1435:IOAODD>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UX914 UT WOS:A1996UX91400006 ER PT J AU Singer, C Dougal, R Duggal, A Palmer, K AF Singer, C Dougal, R Duggal, A Palmer, K TI Polymer current limiters: Affordable protection for the Navy's electrical and electronic components SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Electrical equipment aboard Navy ships is currently protected by current Limiting fuses which provide reliable protection against high fault currents. Fuses, however, must be replaced after each fault event. While individual fuses are relatively inexpensive, the aggregate costs of replacing large numbers of them lie in the millions of dollars. Furthermore, the manpower and time required to replace blown fuses are also expensive. This has led us to investigate the use of modern current limiting elements to replace fuses. In the past, the excessive cost, size and weight of current limiters prohibited their widespread use. New studies show that the emerging polymer current limiter (PCL) technology will effectively limit fault currents while reducing life cycle costs. This advantage arises because of the self-resetting capability and inexpensive procurement costs characteristic of PCLs. The protection performance and the cost advantages of polymer current limiters are described here in the context of use with distribution and load equipment. We also outline the operating mechanism of PCLs and strategies for using PCLs to improve coordination between circuit breakers. Finally, an application of PCLs as protection for solid-state devices such as Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCR) and MOS Controlled Thyristors (MCT) is considered. RP Singer, C (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,PROP & AUXILIARIES SYST DEPT,ELECT SYST DIV,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 108 IS 4 BP 31 EP 34 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VC754 UT WOS:A1996VC75400004 ER PT J AU Kushnier, SD Heithecker, CH Ballas, JA McFarlane, DC AF Kushnier, SD Heithecker, CH Ballas, JA McFarlane, DC TI Situation assessment through collaborative human-computer interaction SO NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Data fusion has been characterized as taking place at four levels oi abstraction: the unit level, the situation level, the threat level, and the resource allocation level. A unit level characterization tries to pin down the attributes of individual platform objects, At the situation level, organized groups of units, such as battle groups, are explored. At the threat level and resource allocation level, reasoning about possible enemy intentions and possible responses is undertaken. Little work, however has been done concerning some of the higher levels of abstraction, namely the force and threat levels. This paper presents an approach toward situation assessment which includes explicit conceptualizations of forces and threats. Graphical representations of these forces and threats are designed to enhance the unit level depiction without obscuring it. This paper explores a novel style of user interface-one designed to allow collaboration between the person and the machine, enabling a tactical assessment which is superior to one in which either the person or the machine works in isolation. The paper will then describe a natural division of responsibilities between person and machine and illustrate the benefit of such a collaborative system in light of an example based on a warfare scenario. RP Kushnier, SD (reprint author), USN,AIR WARFARE CTR,WARMINSTER,PA 18974, USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NAVAL ENG INC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1452 DUKE STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3458 SN 0028-1425 J9 NAV ENG J JI Nav. Eng. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 108 IS 4 BP 41 EP 51 PG 11 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA VC754 UT WOS:A1996VC75400006 ER PT J AU Griffin, OM Wang, HT Meadows, GA AF Griffin, OM Wang, HT Meadows, GA TI Ship hull characteristics from surface wake synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery SO OCEAN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Improved data collection and processing technologies along with the use of high resolution spectral techniques soon will make it possible to obtain estimates of the Kelvin wave amplitude function A(theta), ship speed U, and ship heading a from synthetic aperture radar images of ship wakes. This paper presents a series of methods for deriving additional hull characteristics such as the length L, volume V, and offsets zeta(x,z) from this spectral and surface wave information. The first method estimates the ship length by taking the Fourier transform of the slope amplitude function \kA\. The remaining estimates make use of the hull inversion code developed at the University of Michigan by Wu in 1991. The accuracy of the hull offsets predicted by the code is first determined for various options for solving the linear inversion problem. In this case, both the magnitude and phase of A(theta) are known in addition to the hull draft H. Since the draft is not often known a priori, the accuracy of the code is determined next by predicting the volume of the ship for an approximate though plausible input value of H. Finally, the accuracy of the non-linear inversion problem of obtaining offsets along the entire hull is investigated when only the magnitude but not the phase of A(theta) is known. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NAVAL ARCHITECTURE & MARINE ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Griffin, OM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV REMOTE SENSING,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0029-8018 J9 OCEAN ENG JI Ocean Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 5 BP 363 EP 383 DI 10.1016/0029-8018(95)00042-9 PG 21 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA UC317 UT WOS:A1996UC31700001 ER PT J AU Frankel, MY AF Frankel, MY TI Optoelectronic techniques for ultrafast device network analysis to 700 GHz SO OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID COPLANAR TRANSMISSION-LINES; TEMPERATURE-GROWN GAAS; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; ION-IMPLANTATION; PROPAGATION; FABRICATION; PARAMETERS; MICROWAVE; PROBE AB Recent advances in state-of-the-art optoelectronic techniques are presented for small-signal electronic device network analysis. The impetus for optoelectronic approaches is given by the severely inadequate bandwidth coverage of existing measurement techniques. Based on a comparison of the trade-offs offered by various optoelectronic techniques, external electrooptic sampling was chosen. Then, the three basic building blocks of an electrooptic characterization system are discussed, which cover the areas of wide-band signal measurement, generation and transmission. The building blocks are subsequently integrated into a complete electrooptic network analyser system capable of active device characterization over a 100 GHz bandwidth. These capabilities are demonstrated on a heterojunction field-effect transistor with a directly-measured maximum frequency of oscillation of 94 GHz. Then, the performance of the electrooptic network analyser is optimized by minimizing transmission line losses, and by improving signal generation and measurement geometries. The resulting system exhibits an unprecedented single-measurement bandwidth of 700 GHz on passive structures. The system performance is verified by comparing measured results with simple models of the measured passive structures. RP Frankel, MY (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5670,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 72 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0306-8919 J9 OPT QUANT ELECTRON JI Opt. Quantum Electron. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 28 IS 7 BP 783 EP 800 DI 10.1007/BF00820149 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA UW915 UT WOS:A1996UW91500004 ER PT J AU Pace, PE Ying, SJ Powers, JP Pieper, RJ AF Pace, PE Ying, SJ Powers, JP Pieper, RJ TI Integrated optical sigma-delta modulators SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE optical analog-to-digital converters; sigma-delta; direction finding systems ID TO-DIGITAL CONVERTERS AB Modern avionics equipment, such as superresolution direction-finding systems (frequency band 0.3 to 3 MHz), now require resolutions greater than 15 bits. Oversampled analog-to-digital converter architectures offer a means of exchanging resolution in time for that in amplitude and represent an attractive approach to implementing precision converters without the need for complex precision analog circuits. Using oversampling techniques based on sigma-delta (Sigma Delta) modulation, a convenient trade-off exists between sampling rate and resolution, One of the major advantages of integrated optics is the capability to efficiently couple wideband signals into the optical domain. Typically, Sigma Delta processors require simple and relatively low precision analog components and thus are well suited to integrated optical implementations. The current Sigma Delta methodology is reviewed and the design of the single-bit, integrated optical Sigma Delta modulator is presented. Simulation results for both first- and second-order architectures are presented by evaluating the transfer characteristics numerically. A 16-bit f(0)=1 MHz design (oversampling ratio of 132) is also quantified. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. RP Pace, PE (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,CODE EC-PC,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1828 EP 1836 DI 10.1117/1.600613 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA VA116 UT WOS:A1996VA11600004 ER PT J AU Zinder, DJ Parker, GS AF Zinder, DJ Parker, GS TI Electrocautery burns and operator ignorance SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article C1 USN,MED CTR,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,PORTSMOUTH,VA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1 BP 145 EP 149 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(96)70152-3 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA VA141 UT WOS:A1996VA14100024 PM 8758646 ER PT J AU McKeown, DA Nobles, AC Bell, MI AF McKeown, DA Nobles, AC Bell, MI TI Vibrational analysis of wadeite K2ZrSi3O9 and comparisons with benitoite BaTiSi3O9 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; RINGS AB Raman scattering measurements and lattice dynamics calculations are reported for the cyclosilicate mineral wadeite K2ZrSi3O9. The structure of this crystal (space group P (6) over bar or C-3h(1)) consists of planar three-membered silicate rings (Si3O9) linked by K+ and Zr4+ ions. The rings in wadeite are nearly identical to those in the mineral benitoite BaTiSi3O9. The wadeite structure differs from that of benitoite, however, in that the rings are in a staggered configuration, rather than arranged one directly above the other in columns. The calculation reported here employs a valence force potential consisting of central interactions between nearest neighbors and bond-bending interactions centered at the K+, Zr4+, Si4+, and O2- ions, with force constants determined by fitting the frequencies observed in the Raman spectra. The calculation is in reasonable agreement with experiment, permitting assignment of normal modes to the observed spectral frequencies. Considerable mixing of K+ and Zr4+ motions with those of the rings is found for Raman-active modes below 250 cm(-). The highly localized normal modes of the planar three-membered silicate rings in wadeite are nearly identical to those determined for the rings in benitoite, at frequencies above 800 cm(-1). At lower frequencies, however, the similarities become less obvious as internal ring modes can be mixtures of idealized three-membered ring modes that are unique to each mineral. A striking result in the case of wadeite is the absence of the bridging oxygen breathing mode that was found for benitoite and two other cyclosilicates studied previously. This finding may have consequences for the interpretation of the Raman spectra of silicate glasses, since a breathing mode of this type has been postulated to be a universal feature of networks containing three-membered rings. C1 USN,RES LAB,DYNAM SOLIDS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP McKeown, DA (reprint author), HOWARD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,525 COLL ST NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20059, USA. NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 291 EP 304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.291 PG 14 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600052 ER PT J AU Pierson, SW AF Pierson, SW TI Length-scale-dependent layer decoupling and critical fluctuations in high-temperature superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID KOSTERLITZ-THOULESS TRANSITION; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; EFFECTIVELY 2-DIMENSIONAL VORTICES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; VORTEX FLUCTUATIONS; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; THIN-FILMS; HC2 LINE; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA AB The dimensionality of critical fluctuations in high-temperature superconductors in zero applied magnetic field as studied by various methods is addressed hen in the context of;a recently proposed model for layer decoupling in which the layers become decoupled at the largest length scales first. The results are used to give a coherent picture of the critical behavior of fluctuations in high-temperature superconductors as studied by electronic transport experiments, by specific heat measurements, by Monte Carlo calculations, and by analytical treatments. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Pierson, SW (reprint author), GEORGETOWN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20057, USA. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUL 1 PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 688 EP 692 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.54.688 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UW596 UT WOS:A1996UW59600100 ER PT J AU Gaitan, DF Atchley, AA Lewia, SD Carlson, JT Maruyama, XK Moran, M Sweider, D AF Gaitan, DF Atchley, AA Lewia, SD Carlson, JT Maruyama, XK Moran, M Sweider, D TI Spectra of single-bubble sonoluminescence in water and glycerin-water mixtures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SYNCHRONOUS PICOSECOND SONOLUMINESCENCE; EMISSION AB A single gas bubble, acoustically levitated in a standing-wave field and oscillating under the action of that field, can emit pulses of blue-white light with duration less than 50 ps. Measurements of the spectrum of this picosecond sonoluminescence with a scanning monochrometer are reported for air bubbles levitated in water and in glycerin-water mixtures. While the spectrum has been reported previously by others for air bubbles in water, the spectrum for air bubbles in water-glycerin mixtures has not. Expected emission lines from glycerin were conspicuously absent, suggesting a different mechanism for light production in single-bubble sonoluminescence. Other conclusions are the spectrum for air bubbles in water is consistent with that previously reported, the radiated energy decreases as the glycerin concentration increases, and the peak of the spectrum appears to shift to longer wavelengths for the water-glycerin mixtures. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Gaitan, DF (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. RI GAITAN, DARIO/N-2727-2016 OI GAITAN, DARIO/0000-0002-2139-8535 NR 12 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JUL PY 1996 VL 54 IS 1 BP 525 EP 528 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.54.525 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA UY734 UT WOS:A1996UY73400066 ER PT J AU Huba, JD AF Huba, JD TI Finite Larmor radius magnetohydrodynamics of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; MAGNETOTAIL BARIUM RELEASES; MAGNETIC-FIELD; PLASMAS AB The evolution of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is studied using finite Larmor radius (FLR) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory. Finite Larmor radius effects are introduced in the momentum equation through an anisotropic ion stress tensor. Roberts and Taylor [Phys. Rev. Lett; 3, 197 (1962)], using fluid theory, demonstrated that FLR effects can stabilize the Rayieigh-Taylor instability in the short-wavelength limit (kL(n) much greater than 1, where k is the wave number and L(n) is the density gradient scale length). In this paper a linear mode equation is derived that is valid for arbitrary kL(n). Analytic solutions are presented in both the short-wavelength (kL(n) much greater than 1) and long-wavelength (kL(n) much less than 1) regimes, and numerical solutions are presented for the intermediate regime (kL(n) similar to 1). The long-wavelength modes are shown to be the most difficult to stabilize. More important, the nonlinear evolution of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is studied using a newly developed two-dimensional (2-D) FLR MHD code. The FLR effects. are shown to be a stabilizing influence on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability; the short-wavelength modes are the easiest to stabilize, consistent with linear theory. In the nonlinear regime, the FLR effects cause the ''bubbles and spikes'' that develop. because of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability to convect along the density gradient and to tilt. Applications of this model to space and laboratory plasma phenomena are discussed. RP Huba, JD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 27 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD JUL PY 1996 VL 3 IS 7 BP 2523 EP 2532 DI 10.1063/1.871970 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA UV469 UT WOS:A1996UV46900006 ER PT J AU Heuer, WB Pearson, WH AF Heuer, WB Pearson, WH TI Synthesis and characterization of metal tris-dithiocroconate complexes and dicyanomethylene-substituted analogues. Crystal and molecular structure of [Ph(4)P](3)[Co(dtcroc)(3)]center dot 0.6acetone SO POLYHEDRON LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE AB Metal tris-dithiolene compounds with the composition [Ph(4)P](3)[M (dtcroc)(3)]. solvent (M = Cr, solvent = EtOH; M = Fe, solvent = DMF; M = Co, solvent = acetone; dtcroc = 3,4,5-trioxocyclopent-1-ene-1,2-dithiolato-) have been prepared and characterized. The magnetic properties of the paramagnetic Fe and Cr salts are consistent with strong-field octahedral coordination of the metal ion. The crystal structure of [Ph(4)P](3)[Co(dtcroc)(3)]. 0.6acetone confirms that the cobalt ion is octahedrally coordinated by the sulfur atoms of three chelating dithiocroconate ligands. Each [M(dtcroc)(3)](3-) (M = Cr, Fe, Co) ion undergoes reversible or quasi-reversible one-electron oxidation in acetonitrile solution at 25 degrees C; the measured E(1/2)(-2/-3) values are ca 300 mV more anodic than those of any previously reported metal tris-dithiolene analogues. The [Fe(dtcroc)(3)](3-) ion also exhibits a quasi-reversible one-electron reduction. Reaction of [M(dtcroc)(3)](3-) ions with excess malononitrile in DMF solution yields dicyanomethylene-substituted analogues with the formula [M(dcmdtcroc)(3)](3-) (M = Cr, Fe, Co; dcmdtcroc = 4-dicyanomethylene-3 ,5-dioxocyclopent-1-ene-1,2-dithiolato). Replacement of the central oxo-group of each dithiocroconate ligand with the more electronegative dicyanomethylene group causes significant shifts in both the visible absorption bands and redox potentials of the complexes; however, the similar stabilities and magnetic properties of analogous [M(dcmdtcroc)(3)](3-) and [M(dtcroc)(3)](3-) complexes indicate that dicyanomethylene substitution on the ligand periphery does not dramatically alter the character of the metal-ligand interaction. RP Heuer, WB (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT CHEM,STOP 9B,572 HOLLOWAY RD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-5387 J9 POLYHEDRON JI Polyhedron PD JUL PY 1996 VL 15 IS 13 BP 2199 EP 2210 DI 10.1016/0277-5387(95)00499-8 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA UG243 UT WOS:A1996UG24300013 ER PT J AU Kostoff, RN AF Kostoff, RN TI Performance measures for government-sponsored research: Overview and background SO SCIENTOMETRICS LA English DT Editorial Material RP OFF NAVAL RES, CODE 354, 800 N QUINCY ST, ARLINGTON, VA 22217 USA. NR 9 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0138-9130 EI 1588-2861 J9 SCIENTOMETRICS JI Scientometrics PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 36 IS 3 BP 281 EP 292 DI 10.1007/BF02129595 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA VG505 UT WOS:A1996VG50500001 ER PT J AU Williams, DN Bauwens, L Oran, ES AF Williams, DN Bauwens, L Oran, ES TI A numerical study of the mechanisms of self-reignition in low-overdrive detonations SO SHOCK WAVES LA English DT Article DE unstable detonations; explosions; detonation reignition; numerical simulation; flux-corrected transport ID ONE-DIMENSIONAL DETONATIONS; EXPLOSIONS AB Below a threshold in overdrive, both stability analysis and numerical simulations predict that one-dimensional detonations in high activation energy mixtures behave as a chaotic sequence of failures followed by reignition. Instead, less chaotic, cellular detonations almost invariably occur in experiments. Numerical simulation, based on the Euler equations with single step chemistry, shows that a ZND detonation initially fails in that regime. The detonation splits into a weaker shock, a surface discontinuity separating reacted from unreacted fluid, and a rarefaction wave. However, the detonation is eventually reignited by the explosion of a small gas pocket, in a process reminiscent of deflagration to detonation transition. In the fluid heated by the leading shock, the chemical reaction occurs slowly at first, but becomes faster as heat is released, until the pocket explodes. Small differences in initial temperature result in large enough differences in reaction time sufficient for one pocket of fluid to explode. In two dimensions, the explosion occurs earlier because an oblique shock structure develops which unevenly heats the fluid that passes through the leading shock. Hence, pockets that underwent more heating will explode sooner. As it moves upstream, the two-dimensional explosion meets the leading shock and the detonation quickly develops a transverse wave structure. C1 USN, RES LAB, LAB COMPUTAT PHYS, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. RP UNIV CALGARY, DEPT MECH ENGN, CALGARY, AB T2N 1N4, CANADA. NR 33 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0938-1287 EI 1432-2153 J9 SHOCK WAVES JI Shock Waves PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 93 EP 110 DI 10.1007/BF02515193 PG 18 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA UZ435 UT WOS:A1996UZ43500006 ER PT J AU Boske, T Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Barman, SR Behr, G Buchgeister, M Golden, MS Fink, J Singh, DJ Pickett, WE AF Boske, T Kielwein, M Knupfer, M Barman, SR Behr, G Buchgeister, M Golden, MS Fink, J Singh, DJ Pickett, WE TI Core electron spectroscopic studies of YNi2B2C SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE superconductors; electronic band structure; electron-electron correlation; electron energy loss spectroscopy; photoelectron spectroscopy ID X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION; FERROMAGNETIC NICKEL; NI 2P; DICHROISM; BAND AB High-energy electron energy-loss spectroscopy in transmission has been applied to obtain the absorption spectra at the B 1s, C is and Ni 2p 3/2 excitation edges of bulk polycrystalline YNi2B2C We find a close similarity in the near-edge structures and confirm the strongly covalent character of the bonding between Ni, B and C. We compare our results to band structure calculations of the local unoccupied density of states generated within the local density approximation. From x-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements we determine the core level binding energies and from a comparison of photoemission and Auger spectroscopic measurements we derive a value of the Ni d-d Coulomb energy U-A Of about 4eV. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Boske, T (reprint author), IFW DRESDEN EV,INST FESTKORPERFORSCH,POSTFACH 270016,D-01171 DRESDEN,GERMANY. RI Golden, Mark/D-3469-2011; Singh, David/I-2416-2012; Fink, Joerg/A-6003-2012; Roy Barman, Sudipta/B-2026-2010 NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-1098 J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN JI Solid State Commun. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 99 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 DI 10.1016/0038-1098(96)00248-7 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UQ755 UT WOS:A1996UQ75500005 ER PT J AU Stallworth, P Greenbaum, S Ma, Y Ding, L Doeff, M Visco, S AF Stallworth, P Greenbaum, S Ma, Y Ding, L Doeff, M Visco, S TI Na-23-NMR studies of NaxCoO2 cathode materials SO SOLID STATE IONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Solid State Ionics (SSI-10) CY DEC 03-08, 1995 CL SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE SP Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Asian Soc Solid State Ion DE cathode material; cation distribution; Na-23-NMR; structure AB Two samples of oxidized sodium cobalt oxide, NaxCoO2, where x=0.3 and 0.7, have been studied by variable-temperature wide-line Na-23-NMR. All spectra exhibit a substantially paramagnetic-shifted response characterized by 2nd-order quadrupole broadening and a diamagnetic-shifted weaker response. The paramagnetic shifts are attributed to spins localized on cobalt atoms. The 2nd-order quadrupolar splitting is resolved for x=0.7; whereas the lineshapes obtained for x=0.3 do not show the resolution and indicate a more symmetric sodium environment and/or a greater degree of ion mobility, Lineshapes for the two compositions behave somewhat differently as the temperature is changed, although both samples exhibit gradual line-narrowing over the entire range (-150 to 100 degrees C). Spin-lattice relaxation time measurements reflect the presence of inequivalent sodium environments, with one distribution of sodium environments characterized by long relaxation times (10 ms-200 ms) and another set of environments characterized by much shorter times (< 500 mu s). C1 CUNY HUNTER COLL,DEPT PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10021. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Stallworth, P (reprint author), USN ACAD,DEPT PHYS,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013 OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047 NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-2738 J9 SOLID STATE IONICS JI Solid State Ion. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 86-8 BP 797 EP 803 DI 10.1016/0167-2738(96)00183-X PN 2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA VR723 UT WOS:A1996VR72300017 ER PT J AU Hepp, MA Miller, JB AF Hepp, MA Miller, JB TI NMR parameter contrast in abundant-spin images of solids SO SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE line narrowing; parameter contrast; polymer; spectroscopic imaging ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MULTIPLE PULSE NMR; FOURIER-TRANSFORM NMR; STATE NMR; SELECTIVE EXCITATION; CHEMICAL-SHIFT; SLICE SELECTION; ROTATING SOLIDS; MAGIC-ECHO; RESOLUTION AB Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) techniques have been steadily improving over the years. Today high-resolution images of rigid solids are now accomplished by many different means. For abundant nuclei, the combination of multiple-pulse line narrowing and pulsed field gradients have greatly improved both the resolution and sensitivity of the imaging experiment, but often at the expense of the chemical information in the material. In this paper we discuss means of incorporating NMR parameters in the imaging experiment to generate image contrast which provides information about local variations in the chemistry of the material. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-2040 J9 SOLID STATE NUCL MAG JI Solid State Nucl. Magn. Reson. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.1016/0926-2040(96)01238-6 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Physics; Spectroscopy GA VM866 UT WOS:A1996VM86600009 PM 8902958 ER PT J AU Morris, CE AF Morris, CE TI Applied industrial organization: Towards a theory based empirical industrial organization - Aiginger,K, Finsinger,J SO SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Morris, CE (reprint author), USN ACAD,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA PI CHAPEL HILL PA SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27514 SN 0038-4038 J9 SOUTHERN ECON J JI South. Econ. J. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 63 IS 1 BP 273 EP 274 DI 10.2307/1061330 PG 2 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA UV628 UT WOS:A1996UV62800032 ER PT J AU Jones, RL Reidy, RF Mess, D AF Jones, RL Reidy, RF Mess, D TI Scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia for thermal barrier coatings SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE scandia; zirconia; thermal barrier coatings; zirconia phase stability; hot corrosion ID PHASE; VANADATE; SYSTEM AB Seven Sc2O3, Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (SYSZ) powders having 7 wt.% stabilizer, which was varied from 0%-100% Sc2O3, were prepared by a sol-gel process and tested for resistance to destabilization by molten NaVO3 at 700 degrees C and 900 degrees C. The Y2O3-rich SYSZ powders were destabilized by chemical reaction with the NaVO3, with YVO4 being produced, while the Sc2O3-rich powders were destabilized by a mineralization effect (no chemical reaction) by the molten NaVO3. Aging at 1400 degrees C for 140 hrs substantially improved the vanadate resistance of the Sc2O3-rich, but not the Y2O3-rich, SYSZ powders. The SYSZ powders stabilized by Sc2O3 plus 10%-20% Y2O3, after 1400 degrees C aging, showed 5-10 times better resistance to vanadate-induced destabilization than the 100% Y2O3-stabilized SYSZ powder. In addition, the Sc2O3-(10-20%)Y2O3 powders gave less monoclinic formation, and therefore evidenced better high temperature phase stability, than the 100% Y2O3-stabilized powder during the 140 h of 1400 degrees C aging. C1 CAMBRIDGE MICROTECH INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP Jones, RL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,CODE 6170,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 22 TC 44 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 82 IS 1-2 BP 70 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0257-8972(95)02646-0 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA UR756 UT WOS:A1996UR75600010 ER PT J AU Parker, RK AF Parker, RK TI RF vacuum microelectronics SO VIDE-SCIENCE TECHNIQUE ET APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The advent of high-performance gated vacuum emitters will have a strong impact on RF source technology. Gated vacuum emitters, typified by the field emitter array (FEA) combining the advantages of electron transport in vacuum with those of solid-state micro-fabrication, will enable the development of new classes of density modulated RF sources. Large-scale devices related to established power tube types as well as on-chip, integrable micro-devices can be anticipated. When developed these devices may offer the system designer distinct advantages with respect to power density efficiency, and cost. Although recent advances serve to highlight the potential for the development of FEA-based sources, significant challenges must be overcome before a new RF source technology becomes available. RP Parker, RK (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6840,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 9 U2 10 PU SOC FRANCAISE DU VID PI PARIS PA 19 RUE DU RENARD, 75004 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1266-0167 J9 VIDE JI Vide-Sci. Techn. Appl. PD JUL-SEP PY 1996 VL 52 IS 281 BP 366 EP 370 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA VG067 UT WOS:A1996VG06700007 ER PT J AU Singer, IL Fayeulle, S Ehni, PD AF Singer, IL Fayeulle, S Ehni, PD TI Wear behavior of triode-sputtered MoS2 coatings in dry sliding contact with steel and ceramics SO WEAR LA English DT Article DE MoS2 coatings; solid lubrication; steel bearings; ceramic bearings; wear mechanisms; Auger spectroscopy ID BONDED SOLID LUBRICANTS; FILMS; MECHANISMS; VACUUM; SPACE AB The endurance of MoS2 sputter-coated steel balls was measured in continuous and stop-start sliding tests in a four-ball wear tester. Test variables were counterface materials, uncoated steel and two ceramics (Co-bonded tungsten carbide and sapphire), and gaseous atmospheres, dry Ar and dry air. In continuous tests, coating endurance increased from 14 to 80 min; combinations were ranked as follows: steel in air=ceramics in air < steel in Ar < ceramics in Ar. Coating endurance in stop-start tests was the same as in continuous test for all combinations except steel in Ar, which failed sooner in stop-start tests. MoS2 wear tracks were analyzed at intervals from 1 min to failure by optical microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Tracks run in Ar were smoother and showed ductile flow; tracks in air were rougher and developed ragged scratches. Blisters formed and contributed to failure in both atmospheres: in Ar they led to a slower ductile failure whereas in air they led to more rapid brittle failure. Abrasion by the worn steel ball accelerated coating wear in Ar. EDX of wear tracks showed that 2/3 of the coating was removed within the first 10 min in both atmospheres; AES of the same tracks found higher levels of oxygen in MoS2 run in air. Mechanisms of wear, transfer and lubrication are discussed, and a quantitative model for blister formation in ductile MoS2 coatings is presented. It is recommended that hard ceramics replace abrasion-prone steel to enhance the wear life of MoS2-coated steel in oxygen-free environments. RP USN, RES LAB, CODE 6176, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 50 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 EI 1873-2577 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JUL PY 1996 VL 195 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 20 DI 10.1016/0043-1648(95)06661-6 PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA UT530 UT WOS:A1996UT53000002 ER PT J AU Levine, BL Mosca, JD Riley, JL Carroll, RG Vahey, MT Jagodzinski, LL Wagner, KF Mayers, DL Burke, DS Weislow, OS StLouis, DC June, CH AF Levine, BL Mosca, JD Riley, JL Carroll, RG Vahey, MT Jagodzinski, LL Wagner, KF Mayers, DL Burke, DS Weislow, OS StLouis, DC June, CH TI Antiviral effect and ex vivo CD4(+) T cell proliferation in HIV-positive patients as a result of CD28 costimulation SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; LYMPHOCYTES-T; REPLICATION; INFECTION; INDIVIDUALS; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; AIDS; INTERLEUKIN-2; RESPONSES AB Because stimulation of CD4(+) lymphocytes leads to activation of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) replication, viral spread, and cell death, adoptive CD4(+) T cell therapy has not been possible. When antigen and CD28 receptors on cultured T cells were stimulated by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to CD3 and CD28 that had been immobilized, there was an increase in the number of polyclonal CD4(+) T cells from HIV-infected donors. Activated cells predominantly secreted cytokines associated with T helper cell type 1 function, The HIV-1 viral load declined in the absence of antiretroviral agents, Moreover, CD28 stimulation of CD4(+) T cells from uninfected donors rendered these cells highly resistant to HIV-I infection, Immobilization of CD28 mAb was crucial to the development of HIV resistance, as cells stimulated with soluble CD28 mAb were highly susceptible to HIV infection, The CD28-mediated antiviral effect occurred early in the viral life cycle, before HIV-1 DNA integration. These data may facilitate immune reconstitution and gene therapy approaches in persons with HIV infection. C1 USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. HENRY M JACKSON FDN ADVANCEMENT MIL MED,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DIV RETROVIROL,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. SRA TECHNOL,DIV LIFE SCI,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850. RI Levine, Bruce/D-1688-2009; OI Riley, James/0000-0002-1057-576X; /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI29331] NR 41 TC 183 Z9 185 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 28 PY 1996 VL 272 IS 5270 BP 1939 EP 1943 DI 10.1126/science.272.5270.1939 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UV294 UT WOS:A1996UV29400049 PM 8658167 ER PT J AU Sanzari, MA Cui, HL Karwacki, F AF Sanzari, MA Cui, HL Karwacki, F TI London moment for heavy-fermion superconductors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; COOPER-PAIR MASS; HFV2 AB Measurements of the London magnetic moment generated in rotating heavy-fermion superconductors are presented. The magnitude of the London moment is found to be identical to that of conventional superconductor, as well as that of high-T-c superconductors, within the experimental resolution of 5%-10%. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 KEARFOTT GUIDANCE & NAVIGAT CO,WAYNE,NJ 07474. STEVENS INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ENGN PHYS,HOBOKEN,NJ 07030. USN,COMMAND CONTROL & OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CTR,WARMINSTER,PA 18974. RP Sanzari, MA (reprint author), STEVENS INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ENGN PHYS,HOBOKEN,NJ 07030, USA. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 24 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 26 BP 3802 EP 3804 DI 10.1063/1.116622 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UT481 UT WOS:A1996UT48100043 ER PT J AU Emanuel, P OBrien, T Burans, J DasGupta, BR Valdes, JJ Eldefrawi, M AF Emanuel, P OBrien, T Burans, J DasGupta, BR Valdes, JJ Eldefrawi, M TI Directing antigen specificity towards botulinum neurotoxin with combinatorial phage display libraries SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE phage display; Fab fragment; monoclonal antibody; botulinum toxin ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; FILAMENTOUS PHAGE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CLONING; FRAGMENTS; LAMBDA; GENES; PURIFICATION; GENERATION; REPERTOIRE AB The production of antibodies towards antigens with low immunogenicity is enhanced by the intrinsic efficiency of screening combinatorial libraries of immunoglobulins. The need to isolate clones with rare binding specificities has dictated a highly efficient method of screening and isolating antibody clones. The production of recombinant immunoglobulin libraries in bacteria allows for a more controlled selection of antibody specificity and can be used in circumstances where hybridoma fusions are unable to isolate rare clones with the desired epitope specificity. Botulinum neurotoxin (NT) with associated non neurotoxin proteins (non-NT) as a complex was used to immunize mice to obtain mRNA for the production of a recombinant antibody library with a repertoire of specificities. Initial screens of the combinatorial library revealed clones which recognized the non-neurotoxin proteins of the toxin complex similar to monoclonal antibodies produced by conventional hybridoma fusions. The combinatorial library was re-screened in order to isolate antibodies that specifically recognized the neurotoxin component of the toxin complex. The ability to alter the biopanning selection process affords the researcher a measure of control in the selection process not available with traditional hybridoma fusions. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL & EXPTL THERAPEUT,BALTIMORE,MD 21201. USA,RES DEV & ENGN CTR,RES & TECHNOL DIRECTORATE,ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND,MD 21010. USN,MED RES INST,BETHESDA,MD 20889. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT FOOD MICROBIOL & TOXICOL,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 17742] NR 34 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1759 J9 J IMMUNOL METHODS JI J. Immunol. Methods PD JUN 21 PY 1996 VL 193 IS 2 BP 189 EP 197 DI 10.1016/0022-1759(96)00053-1 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology GA UV325 UT WOS:A1996UV32500006 PM 8699032 ER PT J AU DePree, CG Gaume, RA Goss, WM Claussen, MJ AF DePree, CG Gaume, RA Goss, WM Claussen, MJ TI The Sagittarius B2 star-forming region .3. High-resolution H52 alpha and H66 alpha observations of Sagittarius B2 main SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy, center; H II regions; ISM, individual (Sagittarius B2); ISM, kinematics and dynamics; radio lines, ISM ID H-II REGIONS; RECOMBINATION LINE OBSERVATIONS; CONTINUUM; HELIUM AB The Galactic center star-forming region Sagittarius B2 Main [Sgr B2 (M)] has been observed with the Very Large Array in the continuum (7 mm and 1.3 cm) and in the radio recombination lines H52 alpha, H66 alpha, and He 66 alpha. The H66 alpha (similar to 0.25 '' resolution) and H52 alpha (similar to 2.5 '' resolution) data provide high spatial resolution kinematics of the ionized gas associated with the massive stars. Both high spatial resolution and sensitivity to large-scale structures are essential to thoroughly sample the H II regions in Sgr B2 (M) where source sizes of the 36 H II regions range from unresolved (<0.3 '') to extended (similar to 10 ''). H66 alpha recombination line emission has been detected toward 23 of the 36 continuum sources in Sgr B2 (M). The mean velocity of the detected sources is 62 +/- 2 km s(-1). He 66 alpha line emission is detected toward nine of the 36 continuum sources. The 1.3 cm helium and hydrogen data are used together as a high-resolution probe of Y+ values and variations within Sgr B2 (M). An average singly ionized helium abundance of [Y+] = 10.3% +/- 1.2% is derived. Of the sources where a Y+ value is determined, only Sgr B2 F has an anomalously low value (Y(+)less than or equal to 5%). The recombination line data are examined in detail toward several of the most unusual sources. A very broad radio recombination line (Delta V(H66 alpha)similar to 64 km s(-1), Delta V(H52 alpha)similar to 59 km s(-1)) is measured, and high electron temperatures [T-e(H66 alpha)*=26,400 K] are derived for Sgr B2 F. The broad lines and high temperatures may be due to a nonequilibrium environment at the edge of an expanding H II region. Assuming that the F and G H II regions have expanded in a dense molecular environment, they appear to be young, with an average age of [tau]=0.7 +/- 0.3 x 10(4) yr. This lower limit on the age is consistent with the dynamical age of the nearby massive molecular outflow observed by Lis et al. A doubly peaked H66 alpha line has been detected toward the ultracompact H II (UC HII) region Z10.24. This source may be either a very young (tau<100 yr) shell source or the ionized base of a molecular outflow. The small number of morphological cometary H II regions in Sgr B2 (<5%) and the observed velocity gradients in those regions that do have a cometary morphology indicate that the moving star bow shock model cannot account for any of the H II regions in Sgr B2 (M). C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CHAPEL HILL,NC. USN OBSERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20392. RP DePree, CG (reprint author), NATL RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,POB 0,SOCORRO,NM 87801, USA. NR 46 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 2 BP 788 EP 804 DI 10.1086/177364 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UQ194 UT WOS:A1996UQ19400022 ER PT J AU Kersey, AD Marrone, MJ AF Kersey, AD Marrone, MJ TI Bragg grating based nested fibre interferometers SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE light interferometers; gratings in fibres ID SENSOR AB An approach to configuring multiple nested interferometric sensor elements, based on Michelson and Fabry-Perot interferometers in common fibres using Bragg gratings, is described. These configurations can be used to provide adaptive interferometric sensors which provide unique spatial sampling capabilities. RP Kersey, AD (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 5673,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 13 BP 1221 EP 1223 DI 10.1049/el:19960768 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UW104 UT WOS:A1996UW10400050 ER PT J AU Glaccum, W Lucke, RL Bevilacqua, RM Shettle, EP Hornstein, JS Chen, DT Lumpe, JD Krigman, SS Debrestian, DJ Fromm, MD Dalaudier, F Chassefiere, E Deniel, C Randall, CE Rusch, DW Olivero, JJ Brogniez, C Lenoble, J Kremer, R AF Glaccum, W Lucke, RL Bevilacqua, RM Shettle, EP Hornstein, JS Chen, DT Lumpe, JD Krigman, SS Debrestian, DJ Fromm, MD Dalaudier, F Chassefiere, E Deniel, C Randall, CE Rusch, DW Olivero, JJ Brogniez, C Lenoble, J Kremer, R TI The polar ozone and aerosol measurement instrument SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article AB The second Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement instrument (FOAM II) is a spaceborne experiment designed to measure the vertical profiles of ozone, water vapor, nitrogen dioxide, aerosol extinction, and temperature in the polar stratosphere and upper troposphere with a vertical resolution of about 1 km. Measurements are made by the solar occultation technique. The instrument package, which has a mass of less than 25 kg, is carried on the Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) 3 spacecraft and has a design lifetime of 3-5 years. FOAM II has provided data on the south polar ozone hole, north and south polar ozone phenomena, the spatial and temporal variability of stratospheric aerosols and polar stratospheric clouds, and has detected polar mesospheric clouds. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. CNRS, SERV AERON, F-91371 VERRIERES LE BUISSON, FRANCE. COMPUTAT PHYS INC, FAIRFAX, VA 22031 USA. THERMOTREX CORP, SAN DIEGO, CA 92121 USA. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV, DEPT PHYS SCI, DAYTONA BEACH, FL 32114 USA. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL LILLE, OPT ATMOSPHER LAB, F-59655 VILLENEUVE DASCQ, FRANCE. UNIV COLORADO, ATMOSPHER & SPACE PHYS LAB, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RP Glaccum, W (reprint author), APPL RES CORP, 8201 CORP DR, LANDOVER, MD 20785 USA. RI Fromm, Michael/F-4639-2010 NR 11 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 101 IS D9 BP 14479 EP 14487 DI 10.1029/96JD00576 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UT467 UT WOS:A1996UT46700011 ER PT J AU Gilbreath, GC Reintjes, JF AF Gilbreath, GC Reintjes, JF TI Photorefractive Fourier image amplification for low-light-level image detection SO MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE photorefractive; Fourier image amplification; beam fanning ID BI12SIO20 AB In this article we demonstrate viable photorefractive image amplification in BaTiO3 at extremely low light levels. Uniform image amplification was observed over a range of intensity levels for different beam ratios. The technique is shown to be robust against beam fanning, the primary source of noise in multibeam photorefractive interactions in ferroelectric crystals. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Gilbreath, GC (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0895-2477 J9 MICROW OPT TECHN LET JI Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 12 IS 3 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2760(19960620)12:3<119::AID-MOP1>3.0.CO;2-K PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA UL962 UT WOS:A1996UL96200001 ER PT J AU Pickett, W AF Pickett, W TI Condensed-matter physics - Heavy oxygen tips the balance SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Pickett, W (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,4555 OVERLOOK AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 381 IS 6584 BP 651 EP 652 DI 10.1038/381651a0 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UR979 UT WOS:A1996UR97900028 ER PT J AU Glaser, ER Bennett, BR Shanabrook, BV Magno, R AF Glaser, ER Bennett, BR Shanabrook, BV Magno, R TI Photoluminescence studies of self-assembled InSb, GaSb, and AlSb quantum dot heterostructures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BAND AB Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy has been performed on a set of self-assembled InSb, GaSb, and AlSb quantum dot (QD) heterostructures grown on GaAs. Strong emission bands with peak energies near 1.15 eV and linewidths of similar to 80 meV are observed at 1.6 K from 3 monolayer (ML) InSb and GaSb QDs capped with GaAs. The PL from a capped 4 ML AlSb QD sample is weaker with peak energy at 1.26 eV. The PL bands from these Sb-based QD samples shift to lower energy by 20-50 meV with decreasing excitation power density. This behavior suggests a type II band lineup. Support for this assignment, with electrons in the GaAs and holes in the (In,Ga,Af)Sb QDs, is found from the observed shift of GaSb QD emission to higher energies when the GaAs barrier layers are replaced by Al0.1Ga0.9As. RP Glaser, ER (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Bennett, Brian/A-8850-2008 OI Bennett, Brian/0000-0002-2437-4213 NR 22 TC 116 Z9 116 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 25 BP 3614 EP 3616 DI 10.1063/1.115747 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UR153 UT WOS:A1996UR15300031 ER PT J AU Dobisz, EA Koops, HWP Perkins, FK AF Dobisz, EA Koops, HWP Perkins, FK TI Simulation of scanning tunneling microscope interaction with resists SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LITHOGRAPHY AB Three-dimensional electron optical simulations were used to model scanning tunneling microscope (STM) lithography in resists under field emission conditions, This work focuses on the effect of resists, as dielectric layers, between the tip and conducting substrate on the operation of the STM. Simulations were performed for resist thicknesses of 1-50 nm and tip-resist separations of 1-20 nm. For a fixed 10 nm tip-resist separation, the axial electric field at the tip decreases by a factor of 2.3 over the resist thickness range. The results show that the tip-resist separation must decrease with increasing resist thickness, to achieve the operating conditions and the energy of electrons entering the resist can be significantly less than the applied tip-substrate bias. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. C1 DEUTSCH TELEKOM,TECHNOL ZENTRUM,D-64295 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. RP Dobisz, EA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6863,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 17 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 25 BP 3653 EP 3655 DI 10.1063/1.115760 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UR153 UT WOS:A1996UR15300044 ER PT J AU Deschamps, JR George, C FlippenAnderson, JL AF Deschamps, JR George, C FlippenAnderson, JL TI [D-Ala(2),D-Leu(5)]-enkephalin hydrochloride SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-CRYSTAL STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB The title compound, L-tyrosyl-D-alanyl-glycyl-L-phenylalanyl-D-leucine hydrochloride (C29H40N5O7+.Cl-), co-crystallizes with 2-butanone (C4H8O) The structure determination reveals a slightly distorted type I' beta-bend conformation stabilized by one intramolecular hydrogen bond. This conformation is similar to that observed for other [Leu]-enkephalin analogues. RP Deschamps, JR (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,STRUCT MATTER LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. OI Deschamps, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5845-0010 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-2701 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 52 BP 1583 EP 1585 DI 10.1107/S0108270196000534 PN 6 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA UX298 UT WOS:A1996UX29800102 PM 8766899 ER PT J AU Turner, NH Schreifels, JA AF Turner, NH Schreifels, JA TI Surface analysis: X ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID QUANTITATIVE XPS ANALYSIS; ACID-BASE INTERACTIONS; ANGLE-RESOLVED XPS; PHOTOEMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILM; PHYSISORBED MOLECULES; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION; ADSORBED MOLECULES; LINESHAPE ANALYSIS; OXIDATION-STATES C1 GEORGE MASON UNIV, DEPT CHEM, FAIRFAX, VA 22030 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, DIV CHEM, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 559 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 12 BP R309 EP R331 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA UQ729 UT WOS:A1996UQ72900012 ER PT J AU Kozo, TL Fett, RW Mire, CT Gardner, SD AF Kozo, TL Fett, RW Mire, CT Gardner, SD TI Wind-induced ice floe rotation and icequakes north of the Alaskan Beaufort sea coast SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Linear sea ice canopy fractures (leads) and ice flee rotation appear to be interrelated. This study focused on a highly persistent storm wind event. As the wind stress increased over the ice pack, a separate rotation threshold for four flee-attached buoys was observed. The northwestern-most buoy recorded the start of clockwise ice-flee rotation just as hydrophones recorded increased oceanic ambient noise. Several days later, when the surface wind speeds and computed stress at all four buoys dropped to similar to 60% and e(-1) of their respective peak storm values, a counterclockwise rotation began at each buoy with a concomitant impulsive ambient noise peak. The rotationally-induced ''noise bursts'' are called icequakes in an analogy with earthquakes. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MONTEREY,CA. USN,RES LAB,ACOUST DIV,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. RP Kozo, TL (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MARINE METEOROL DIV,NRL CODE 7541,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 23 IS 13 BP 1617 EP 1620 DI 10.1029/96GL01036 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA UT009 UT WOS:A1996UT00900018 ER PT J AU Parsons, AR Bourke, RH Muench, RD Chiu, CS Lynch, JF Miller, JH Plueddemann, AJ Pawlowicz, R AF Parsons, AR Bourke, RH Muench, RD Chiu, CS Lynch, JF Miller, JH Plueddemann, AJ Pawlowicz, R TI The Barents Sea Polar Front in summer SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID SHELF; ATLANTIC; CURRENTS AB In August 1992 a combined physical oceanography and acoustic tomography experiment was conducted to describe the Barents Sea Polar Front (BSPF) and investigate its impact on the regional oceanography. The study area was an 80 x 70 km grid east of Bear Island where the front exhibits topographic trapping along the northern slope of the Bear Island Trough. Conductivity-temperature-depth, current meter, and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data, combined with tomographic cross sections, presented a highly resolved picture of the front in August, All hydrographic measurements were dominated by tidal signals, with the strongest signatures associated with the M2 and S2 semidiurnal species, Mean currents in the warm saline water to the south of the front, derived from a current meter mooring and ADCP data, were directed to the southwest and may be associated with a barotropic. recirculation of Norwegian Atlantic Water (NAW) within the Bear Island Trough. The geostrophic component of the velocity was well correlated with the measured southwestward mean surface layer flow north of the front, The frontal structure was retrograde, as the frontal isopleths sloped opposite to the bathymetry. The surface signature of the front was dominated by salinity gradients associated with the confluence of Atlantic and Arctic water masses, both warmed by insolation to a depth of about 20 m. The surface manifestation of the front varied laterally on the order of 10 km associated with tidal oscillations, Below the mixed layer, temperature and salinity variations were compensating, defining a nearly barotropic front. The horizontal scale of the front in this region was similar to 3 km or less, At middepth beneath the frontal interface, tomographic cross sections indicated a high-frequency (similar to 16 cpd) upslope motion of filaments of NAW origin. The summertime BSPF was confirmed to have many of the general characteristics of a shelf-slope frontal system [Mooers et al., 1978] as well as a topographic-circulatory front [Federov, 1983]. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT OCEANOG,MONTEREY,CA 93943. EARTH & SPACE RES,SEATTLE,WA. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,DEPT APPL OCEAN PHYS & ENGN,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST,DEPT PHYS OCEANOG,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. INST OCEAN SCI,OCEAN ACOUST GRP,SIDNEY,BC V8L 4B2,CANADA. OI Miller, James H./0000-0001-7156-3589 NR 40 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C6 BP 14201 EP 14221 DI 10.1029/96JC00119 PG 21 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA UR422 UT WOS:A1996UR42200016 ER PT J AU Bayer, M Schilling, O Forchel, A Reinecke, TL Knipp, PA PagnodRossiaux, P Goldstein, L AF Bayer, M Schilling, O Forchel, A Reinecke, TL Knipp, PA PagnodRossiaux, P Goldstein, L TI Splitting of electronic levels with positive and negative angular momenta in In0.53Ga0.47As/InP quantum dots by a magnetic field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WELL WIRES; SPECTROSCOPY; CONFINEMENT; CROSSINGS; SURFACES AB High excitation magnetoluminescence investigations have been performed on cylindrical In0.53Ga0.47As/InP quantum dots with different diameters down to 30 nm. The magnetic field oriented normal to the quantum disks enhances the lateral confinement of the carriers inside of the dots, and splits energy levels with positive and negative angular momenta due to the Zeeman-like interaction. This splitting depends linearly on B, and is independent of the disk size. The increase of the lateral quantization of the carriers by the magnetic field, on the other hand, depends strongly on the dot diameter. The experimental results are in good agreement with the results of detailed numerical calculations. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. CHRISTOPHER NEWPORT UNIV, DEPT PHYS & COMP SCI, NEWPORT NEWS, VA 23606 USA. ALCATEL ALSTHOM RECH, F-91460 MARCOUSSIS, FRANCE. RP Bayer, M (reprint author), UNIV WURZBURG, HUBLAND, D-97074 WURZBURG, GERMANY. OI Forchel, Alfred/0000-0002-9377-9935 NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 23 BP 15810 EP 15814 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.15810 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA UT770 UT WOS:A1996UT77000069 ER PT J AU Norris, DJ Efros, AL Rosen, M Bawendi, MG AF Norris, DJ Efros, AL Rosen, M Bawendi, MG TI Size dependence of exciton fine structure in CdSe quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE EXCITATION SPECTROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALLITES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BAND-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON; LUMINESCENCE; ABSORPTION; DYNAMICS; STATES; CRYSTALLITES AB We use photoluminescence excitation and fluorescence line narrowing spectroscopies to examine structure observed in the band-edge absorption feature of CdSe quantum dots. We study eight samples ranging from similar to 15 to similar to 50 Angstrom in radius to probe the size dependence of this structure. We compare our results with recent theories, which predict band-edge exciton splittings in CdSe dots due to their internal crystal structure, non-spherical shape, and the exchange interaction between the electron and hole. We find reasonable agreement between our data and theory, supporting the observation of exciton fine structure. C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. USN,RES LAB,BEAM THEORY SECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RI Norris, David/F-4022-2010 NR 43 TC 364 Z9 365 U1 13 U2 119 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JUN 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 24 BP 16347 EP 16354 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.53.16347 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA WR762 UT WOS:A1996WR76200038 ER PT J AU Hartmann, B Lee, GF Lee, JD Fedderly, JJ Berger, AE AF Hartmann, B Lee, GF Lee, JD Fedderly, JJ Berger, AE TI Calculation of relaxation time in polyurethanes using additive group contributions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The method of additive properties was used to calculate the dynamic mechanical relaxation time for a series of polyurethanes. Calculations were also made of density and glass transition temperature. Group contributions for nine component groups were determined. With these group values, the densities of the 12 polymers used to determine the groups were calculated and found to agree with measured values within an average of 0.2%. Calculated glass transition temperatures also agreed with measured values within 0.2%. The relaxation time, defined as a parameter in the Havriliak-Negami equation, was shown to be correlated with the glass transition temperature, allowing relaxation time to also be expressed as an additive property. Calculated logarithms of relaxation times agree with measured values to within 7% over a range of relaxation times covering many decades. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. RP Hartmann, B (reprint author), USN,CTR SURFACE WARFARE,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUN 13 PY 1996 VL 60 IS 11 BP 1985 EP 1993 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA UL584 UT WOS:A1996UL58400023 ER PT J AU McMorrow, D Thantu, N Melinger, JS Kim, SK Lotshaw, WT AF McMorrow, D Thantu, N Melinger, JS Kim, SK Lotshaw, WT TI Probing the microscopic molecular environment in liquids: Intermolecular dynamics of CS2 in alkane solvents SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Northeast Regional ACS Meeting on Structure and Dynamics of Liquids CY OCT 24-25, 1995 CL ROCHESTER, NY SP Amer Chem Soc, NE Reg ID OPTICAL KERR DYNAMICS; FEMTOSECOND DYNAMICS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; BINARY-SOLUTIONS; RESPONSES; ACETONITRILE; SCATTERING; MOTION; WATER AB The femtosecond optical-heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect/Raman-induced Ken effect (OHD OKE/RIKE) dynamics of CS2 dissolved in a series of alkane solvents are reported, The data reveal that the nondiffusive (subpicosecond) dynamics of simple molecular liquids are determined largely by the details of the local, microscopic environment, rather than by the bulk solution properties, with no correlation observed between the short-time, nondiffusive dynamics and the bulk solution viscosity. For each solvent investigated, the vibrational spectral density is observed to narrow and shift to lower frequency with increasing dilution. While the same general trend is observed for each solvent, deviations of magnitude are observed for the longer-chain n-alkanes. This, coupled with the markedly nonexponential decay of the orientational anisotropy observed for the higher-alkane dilutions, suggests the presence of two distinct environments in which isolated pockets of CS2 exist. The observed spectral evolution is discussed in terms of a simple damped harmonic oscillator model in which the vibrational spectral densities are inhomogeneously broadened. This model allows for contributions from underdamped, critically damped, and overdamped oscillators that arise from a single vibrational degree of freedom. Analysis of the data in terms of this model reveals an exchange of spectral density from the higher-frequency underdamped oscillators to lower-frequency overdamped and critically damped oscillators, with the degree of inhomogeneity decreasing with increasing dilution. C1 GE CO,RES & DEV,SCHENECTADY,NY 12301. RP McMorrow, D (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 51 TC 117 Z9 117 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JUN 13 PY 1996 VL 100 IS 24 BP 10389 EP 10399 DI 10.1021/jp9605717 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA UQ844 UT WOS:A1996UQ84400053 ER PT J AU Hafizi, B Roberson, CW AF Hafizi, B Roberson, CW TI Kinetic theory of free electron lasers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID PARALLEL VELOCITY SPREAD; BEAM CONDITIONER; ACCELERATOR; PERFORMANCE; EMITTANCE; DESIGN; GAIN AB We have developed a comprehensive kinetic theory of the free-electron laser (FEL) interaction, including the effects of self-fields. To demonstrate its utility, three examples are selected for presentation. First, we discuss the role of emittance and axial velocity spread in order to define what constitutes beam quality in the context of FEL interaction. The longitudinal beam quality in an FEL may be quantified by the ratio of the thermal velocity to the difference between the beam and the ponderomotive wave velocity. Using this, we proceed to investigate the effect of longitudinal beam compression on the growth rate. In the last example, we consider the effect of self-fields. We find that self-fields can improve electron beam quality in certain regimes. The reason for this anti-intuitive result is a decrease in the axial velocity spread due to self-fields. That is, self-fields effectively cool the beam. C1 OFF NAVAL RES,DIV PHYS SCI,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP Hafizi, B (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 78 EP 81 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01342-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900020 ER PT J AU Blank, M Freund, HP Jackson, RH Pershing, DE Taccetti, JM AF Blank, M Freund, HP Jackson, RH Pershing, DE Taccetti, JM TI Simulation of an annular beam free-electron laser SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB A nonlinear analysis of an annular beam FEL with a helical wiggler and axial guide field is presented. An annular beam has the advantage of reduced DC self-fields, facilitating beam transport in short period wigglers. A 55 kV/5 A annular beam interacting with the TE(11) cylindrical waveguide mode is considered. The inner and outer beam radii are 0.27 and 0.33 cm, respectively. The wiggler amplitude is 250 G and the period is 0.9 cm. Axial guide fields up to 3 kG are studied. The ARACHNE slow-time-scale simulation code shows that efficiencies of 10%, corresponding to gains >40 dB, are possible for grazing incidence with the TE(11) mode in Ku-band. In addition, the 3 dB instantaneous bandwidth is found to be greater than 20%. RP Blank, M (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 169 EP 170 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00045-9 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900043 ER PT J AU Jackson, RH Blank, M Freund, HP Pershing, DE Tacetti, JM AF Jackson, RH Blank, M Freund, HP Pershing, DE Tacetti, JM TI Design of a far-infrared CHI wiggler free-electron laser SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The preliminary design of a voltage tunable far-infrared foe-electron laser with a Coaxial Hybrid Iron (CHI) wiggler is presented. The CHI wiggler consists of a central rod and an outer ring of alternating ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic spacers. A period wiggler field is produced when the CHI structure is immersed in an axial magnetic field. The design under investigation makes use of a 1 MV/1A annular electron beam interacting with the TE(01) coaxial waveguide mode at approximately 1 THz (lambda = 300 mu m). The nominal wiggler period is 0.5 cm and the inner and outer waveguide radii are 0.4 and 0.8 cm respectively. An axial guide field of 5-10 kG is used. The device performance is modeled with a slow-time-scale nonlinear code, and self-fields and axial velocity spread are included in the model. Simulation results show output powers above 2 kW at frequencies from 850 GHz to 1040 GHz can be achieved for voltages ranging from 0.93 to 1.07 MV. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. MISSION RES CORP,NEWINGTON,VA 22122. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 226 EP 229 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(96)00140-4 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900058 ER PT J AU Pershing, DE Jackson, RH Freund, HP Blank, M Nguyen, K Taccetti, JM AF Pershing, DE Jackson, RH Freund, HP Blank, M Nguyen, K Taccetti, JM TI Design of a ''slow-wave'' ubitron SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB The NRL fundamental TE(11) mode ubitron has been successful in demonstrating high gain (29 dB large signal), broad instantaneous bandwidth (>20%), high power (>4 MW), and efficient (18%) amplification in K-u band with a 245 kV: 94 A beam [D.E. Pershing, R.D. Seeley, R.H. Jackson and H.P. Freund, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 358 (1995) 104]. For a second generation ubitron amplifier design, it is desired to operate at higher frequencies and lower voltages, while preserving the gain, power, and bandwidth characteristics measured with the K-u band amplifier. A K-a band ubitron amplifier is currently under development using the basic design concepts of the K-u band amplifier. grazing intersection for wide instantaneous bandwidth, circularly polarized wiggler and microwave fields for high gain and power, and a high quality Pierce gun generating a cylindrical, uniform density electron beam for high efficiency. As has been previously demonstrated [E. Jerby, Phys. Rev. A 44 (1991) 703], the dispersion characteristics of a periodic waveguide can be exploited for low voltage FEL operation. This is the major point of departure from the K-u band design; operation in the HE(11) mode of corrugated cylindrical waveguide which permits broader bandwidth amplification at lower voltages than is possible with smooth waveguide. Preliminary calculations indicate that 30% bandwidth operation in K-a band is possible at voltages less than 150 kV with a 8-9 mm period wiggler. Design details will be presented. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. KN RES,SILVER SPRING,MD. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP Pershing, DE (reprint author), MISSION RES CORP,NEWINGTON,VA 22122, USA. NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 230 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01220-6 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900059 ER PT J AU Freund, HP AF Freund, HP TI Non-wiggler-averaged theory of short wavelength free-electron lasers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB Short wavelength free-electron lasers are studied using a 3D nonlinear simulation using a superposition of Gauss-Hermite modes. The differential equations governing each mode are solved along with the 3D Lorentz force equations (no wiggler average is used) for an ensemble of electrons. This permits the self-consistent modeling of (1) beam injection, (2) emittance growth, (3) wiggler imperfections and (4) beatatron oscillations. Simulations are performed for a 1.4 (A)ngstrom FEL. Results indicate that beam emittance is the crucial limiting factor requiring Delta gamma(z)/gamma(0) less than or equal to 0.01%. The radiation is sufficiently guided that no severe degradation is found in the efficiency for moderate levels of wiggler fluctuations. C1 SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. RP Freund, HP (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 284 EP 287 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01352-0 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900071 ER PT J AU Wong, RK Blau, J Colson, WB AF Wong, RK Blau, J Colson, WB TI Electron beam effects in UV FEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 356 EP 357 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01374-1 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900090 ER PT J AU Blau, J Wong, RK Colson, WB AF Blau, J Wong, RK Colson, WB TI Optical power evolution in the Boeing 1 kW FEL oscillator SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB A four-dimensional simulation in x, y, z, and t, including betatron motion of the electrons, is used to study optical power evolution and the trapped-particle instability in the Boeing 1 kW FEL oscillator. C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 358 EP 359 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01187-0 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900091 ER PT J AU Taccetti, JM Jackson, RH Freund, HP Pershing, DE Blank, M Granatstein, VL AF Taccetti, JM Jackson, RH Freund, HP Pershing, DE Blank, M Granatstein, VL TI A CHI wiggler ubitron amplifier experiment: Wiggler characterization SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB A Ka-band (26-40 GHz) coaxial hybrid iron (CHI) wiggler ubitron amplifier experiment under construction at the Naval Research Laboratory is described. The principal goal of the experiment is to investigate the performance tradeoffs involved in the CHI configuration for high frequency amplifiers operating at low voltages with small wiggler periods. The nominal design parameters are a center frequency of 35 GHz, wiggler period of 0.75 cm, and beam voltage of approximately 150 kV. Nonlinear simulations of the interaction are presented, along with the results of magnetic field measurements performed on a prototype version of the CHI wiggler. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. SCI APPLICAT INT CORP,MCLEAN,VA 22102. MRC,NEWINGTON,VA 22122. NR 6 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 496 EP 499 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01230-3 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900127 ER PT J AU Esarey, E Ride, SK Baine, M Ting, A Sprangle, P AF Esarey, E Ride, SK Baine, M Ting, A Sprangle, P TI Nonlinear Thomson scattering for off-axis interaction geometries SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID X-RAYS; LASER; BEAMS AB We examine the generation of X-rays via nonlinear Thomson scattering of intense lasers from relativistic electron beams, with particular attention to off-axis scattering geometries. We present analytic expressions for the intensity distribution of the scattered radiation, valid in the nonlinear regime (arbitrary laser intensity) and including the generation of harmonics. Spectra are plotted numerically for the specific cases of head-on and transverse scattering. The dependence of X-ray pulse duration and photon flux on interaction geometry are also examined. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,CALIF SPACE INST,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Esarey, E (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 545 EP 549 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01368-7 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900140 ER PT J AU Freund, HP Granatstein, VL AF Freund, HP Granatstein, VL TI Long wavelength free-electron lasers in 1995 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res AB A summary of the current status and most important future directions for long wavelength (greater than or equal to 0.5 mm) free-electron lasers is presented. The distinction between long and short wavelengths is a natural one since different physical processes may be important. Space-charge effects may be important for the high currents typically employed at long wavelengths, and the dominant interaction mechanism is often coherent Raman scattering. In addition, dispersion due to the dielectric effects and finite transverse dimensions in the drift tubes and cavities are important at longer wavelengths. The principal goals at long wavelengths are to achieve much higher average powers with good overall efficiency in a compact design, and the highest average power produced in an FEL to date (36 W) has been recorded in the Ku-band. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 665 EP 668 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01201-X PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900203 ER PT J AU Colson, WB AF Colson, WB TI Short wavelength free electron lasers in 1996 SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID IR FEL PROJECT; STORAGE-RING; INSTITUTE RP Colson, WB (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP 669 EP 671 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01194-3 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900204 ER PT J AU Benson, SV Bisognano, J Bohn, C Cardman, L Colson, WB Douglas, D Dylla, HF Engwall, D Fugitt, J Goldstein, J Jordan, K Kehne, D Li, Z Liu, H Merminga, L Neil, G Neuffer, D Shinn, M Wiseman, M Wong, R Xie, M AF Benson, SV Bisognano, J Bohn, C Cardman, L Colson, WB Douglas, D Dylla, HF Engwall, D Fugitt, J Goldstein, J Jordan, K Kehne, D Li, Z Liu, H Merminga, L Neil, G Neuffer, D Shinn, M Wiseman, M Wong, R Xie, M TI A status report on the development of a high power UV and IR FEL at CEBAF SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID ELECTRON AB Previously we presented a design for a kiloWatt demonstration industrial UV FEL [1]. Progress has been made in resolving several design issues identified in that work. More exact simulations of the injector have resulted in a better estimate of the injector performance. A more compact lattice has been designed meeting the design requirements for the UV FEL, and a new design point has been studied which greatly increases the threshold for longitudinal instabilities. A stability analysis of the RF control system has found that only minor modifications from existing CEBAF controls will be necessary to allow them to be used with a high-current, energy-recovery accelerator. Designs for the optical cavity length and figure systems have been conceptualized and a model of the corner-cube resonator is being built and tested. Finally, three-dimensional simulations of the FEL have been carried out which show that the laser should exceed its minimum design goals for average power. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. USN,POSTGRAD SCH,MONTEREY,CA 93943. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94305. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV ILLINOIS,PHYS NUCL LAB,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Benson, SV (reprint author), CONTINUOUS ELECTRON BEAM ACCELERATOR FACIL CTR,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS4 EP ABS6 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)01257-5 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900169 ER PT J AU Mabe, RM Wong, RK Colson, WB AF Mabe, RM Wong, RK Colson, WB TI Optical wavelength modulation in free electron lasers SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS34 EP ABS35 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900181 ER PT J AU Ramos, L Blau, J Colson, WB AF Ramos, L Blau, J Colson, WB TI Simulating the trapped-particle instability in the Boeing 1 kW FEL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS54 EP ABS55 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900188 ER PT J AU Small, DW Wong, RK Colson, WB AF Small, DW Wong, RK Colson, WB TI Transverse effects in UV FELs SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res C1 USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT PHYS,MONTEREY,CA 93943. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS61 EP ABS62 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900191 ER PT J AU Ting, A Fischer, R Fisher, A Moore, CI Hafizi, B Elton, R Krushelnick, K Burris, R Jackel, S Evans, K Weaver, JN Sprangle, P Esarey, E Baine, M Ride, S AF Ting, A Fischer, R Fisher, A Moore, CI Hafizi, B Elton, R Krushelnick, K Burris, R Jackel, S Evans, K Weaver, JN Sprangle, P Esarey, E Baine, M Ride, S TI Demonstration experiment of a laser synchrotron source for tunable, monochromatic x-rays at 500 eV SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Free Electron Laser Conference CY AUG 21-25, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source Dept, Amer Phys Soc, Assoc Univ Inc, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Columbia Univ, Elsevier Sci B V, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Northrop Grumman Corp, Titan Beta Corp, USN, Naval Res Lab, US, Off Naval Res ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER AB A demonstration experiment of the laser synchrotron source (LSS) is being planned and constructed to generate short-pulsed, tunable X-rays in the range of similar to 500 eV by Thomson scattering of laser photons from a relativistic electron beam. Laser photons of lambda = 1.06 mu m are Thomson backscattered by a 4.5 MeV electron beam from an S-band RF electron gun. The laser photons are derived from a 15 J, 3 ns Nd:glass laser. The RF electron gun is being constructed for initial operation using a thermionic cathode. It will be upgraded with a photocathode to produce high quality electron beams with high current and low emittance. The X-ray pulse structure consists of similar to 10 ps long micropulses within a laser pulse width dependent macropulse. The estimated X-ray photon flux is similar to 10(18) photons/s, and the number of photons per macropulse is similar to 10(8). C1 ICARUS RES,BETHESDA,MD. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY. SOREQ NUCL RES CTR,YAVNE,ISRAEL. GEORGE MASON UNIV,FAIRFAX,VA 22030. STANFORD UNIV,SSRL,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. RP Ting, A (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV PLASMA PHYS,BEAM PHYS BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD JUN 11 PY 1996 VL 375 IS 1-3 BP ABS68 EP ABS70 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA UV589 UT WOS:A1996UV58900194 ER PT J AU Huston, AL Justus, BL Johnson, TL AF Huston, AL Justus, BL Johnson, TL TI Fiber-optic-coupled, laser heated thermoluminescence dosimeter for remote radiation sensing SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We describe an optically transparent, laser heated, thermoluminescent glass dosimeter that is used for fiber-optic-coupled remote radiation monitoring. The glass consists of ZnS nanocrystallites embedded in a Vycor glass host, doped with Cu1+ and Nd3+ ions; An 807 nm, 1 W GaAlAs laser is used to rapidly heat microscopic regions, surrounding the Nd3+ ions, in the composite glass to stimulate blue-green thermoluminescence from metastable traps populated by exposure to ultraviolet or Co-60 gamma radiation. C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV COMMAND SUPPORT,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Huston, AL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,CODE 5611,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 8 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 24 BP 3377 EP 3379 DI 10.1063/1.116509 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UQ189 UT WOS:A1996UQ18900003 ER PT J AU Kemner, KM Elam, WT Idzerda, YU Wolf, JA Prinz, GA AF Kemner, KM Elam, WT Idzerda, YU Wolf, JA Prinz, GA TI Polarization-dependent extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements of metastable fcc Co on (100)diamond SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COBALT FILMS; GROWTH AB Polarization-dependent extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements have been made on a single-crystal 1000 Angstrom thick Co film deposited on (100) diamond. By comparing the EXAFS signals corresponding to the in-plane and out-of-plane structure relative to the film plane, we clearly illustrate that the film exists in the face centered cubic (fee) phase. An analysis of the first shell Fourier transform peaks for the in-plane and out-of-plane structure surrounding the Co atoms indicates that the majority of the fcc Co crystal lattice is not distorted, demonstrating that the majority of film is relaxed and not pseudomorphic. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics. RP Kemner, KM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 24 BP 3389 EP 3391 DI 10.1063/1.116513 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UQ189 UT WOS:A1996UQ18900007 ER PT J AU Wang, YM AF Wang, YM TI Element separation by upward proton drag in the chromosphere SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE solar wind; Sun, abundances; Sun, chromosphere; Sun, corona; Sun, transition region ID SOLAR TRANSITION REGION; ENERGY-BALANCE; ABUNDANCES; DIFFUSION; MODELS; ATMOSPHERES; PLASMA; WIND AB The extremely close collisional coupling between protons and heavy ions in the upper chromosphere suggests that proton drag is the main agent for ion-neutral separation there. We argue that a small upward drift of protons and electrons relative to the stationary neutral hydrogen component can explain the observed enrichment of elements with low first ionization potential (FIP) in the corona. The resulting abundances are determined by the ionization fractions of the different elements relative to that of hydrogen. We suggest that the required ambipolar flow may be induced by transient coronal heating leading to chromospheric evaporation. The model predicts that the FIP effect should be weak inside coronal holes, where most of the energy released in the corona is carried outward by the solar wind rather than being conducted downward as in closed magnetic regions and coronal plumes. RP Wang, YM (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 7672W,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JUN 10 PY 1996 VL 464 IS 1 BP L91 EP L94 DI 10.1086/310080 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA UN841 UT WOS:A1996UN84100022 ER PT J AU Bucholtz, F Ewing, KJ Putnam, M Askins, CG AF Bucholtz, F Ewing, KJ Putnam, M Askins, CG TI Photoluminescence of Bragg gratings in germanosilicate fibres excited at 488 nm SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gratings in fibres; photoluminescence ID FIBERS AB The authors have observed photoluminescence peaked near 667 nm from Bragg gratings written in germanosilicate fibres upon excitation by 488nm radiation. The observed luminescence spectrum is consistent with the 1.9eV spectrum owing. to nonbridging oxygen hole centres in silica and germanium doped silica glasses. The strength of the luminescence appears to vary significantly depending on the fibre composition, but did not depend strongly on hydrogen content in one type of fibre studied. RP Bucholtz, F (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,DIV OPT SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD JUN 6 PY 1996 VL 32 IS 12 BP 1130 EP 1131 DI 10.1049/el:19960737 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA UR348 UT WOS:A1996UR34800060 ER PT J AU Bohnker, BK AF Bohnker, BK TI Outbreaks of diarrheal disease: A ship is a ship SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP Bohnker, BK (reprint author), USN,USS MT WHITNEY LCC20,WASHINGTON,DC 20350, USA. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 5 PY 1996 VL 275 IS 21 BP 1638 EP 1638 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UN252 UT WOS:A1996UN25200023 PM 8637135 ER PT J AU Rubin, Y Parker, TC Khan, SI Holliman, CL McElvany, SW AF Rubin, Y Parker, TC Khan, SI Holliman, CL McElvany, SW TI Precursors to endohedral metal fullerene complexes: Synthesis and x-ray structure of a flexible acetylenic cyclophane C60H18 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CARBON RINGS C1 USN,RES LAB,DIV CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Rubin, Y (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. RI Parker, Timothy/D-2478-2017 OI Parker, Timothy/0000-0002-0270-0364 NR 18 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD JUN 5 PY 1996 VL 118 IS 22 BP 5308 EP 5309 DI 10.1021/ja9606384 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UP538 UT WOS:A1996UP53800023 ER PT J AU Kaplan, R Prokes, SM Binari, SC Kelner, G AF Kaplan, R Prokes, SM Binari, SC Kelner, G TI Growth and properties of scandium epitaxial films on GaN SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Epitaxial scandium films have been grown on c-axis-oriented wurtzite GaN. The films are highly ordered, adherent, and reflective. For substrate temperatures in the range 640-780 degrees C an interfacial reaction yields a ScN layer whose thickness increases with temperature, consistent with Sc diffusion as the rate limiting step. Electrical contacts fabricated from the Sc/ScN/GaN films exhibit a 1.0 eV barrier height on n-type GaN, The Sc films, which represent a class of ductile materials, may constitute a compliant substrate for overgrowth of GaN. RP Kaplan, R (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 68 IS 23 BP 3248 EP 3250 DI 10.1063/1.116563 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA UN635 UT WOS:A1996UN63500013 ER PT J AU Nordstrom, L Singh, DJ AF Nordstrom, L Singh, DJ TI Noncollinear intra-atomic magnetism SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE PROPERTIES AB An intra-atomic noncollinear magnetization density has been calculated for the case of ferromagnetic fee Pu, by means of a newly implemented general-local-spin-density-approximation method which treats the magnetization density as a continuous vector quantity. The presence of noncollinearity is a general effect, not specific to Pu, which is shown to rise due to the interplay of the local exchange and the spin-orbit coupling. The form of the noncollinear part of the magnetization density is very sensitive to the space group symmetry as is demonstrated by calculations with the average spin moment along [001] and [111], respectively. C1 USN,RES LAB,COMPLEX SYST THEORY BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP Nordstrom, L (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,INST COMP & INFORMAT SCI,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. RI Singh, David/I-2416-2012 NR 18 TC 147 Z9 150 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JUN 3 PY 1996 VL 76 IS 23 BP 4420 EP 4423 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4420 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA UN800 UT WOS:A1996UN80000032 ER PT J AU Volpano, D Smith, G AF Volpano, D Smith, G TI On the systematic design of Web languages SO ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS LA English DT Article C1 FLORIDA INT UNIV,SCH COMP SCI,MIAMI,FL 33199. RP Volpano, D (reprint author), USN,POSTGRAD SCH,DEPT COMP SCI,MONTEREY,CA 93943, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 SN 0360-0300 J9 ACM COMPUT SURV JI ACM Comput. Surv. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 315 EP 317 DI 10.1145/234528.234737 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA VB685 UT WOS:A1996VB68500010 ER EF